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/ 让学习更有效 期末备考培优 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末备考培优 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级下册英语期末复习考点培优外研版（新教材）
专题12 选词填空（短文）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
阅读短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意义完整。每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。
if accident why on push proud they but free side
Matt felt very sad after Saturday night’s basketball game. He thought he let his team down. During the game, he 1 a player from the other team. It was an 2 . But the referee saw it. He gave the other team two 3 throws. Those points helped the other team win. Matt could not stop thinking about his mistake.
His best friend Tom saw this. Tom told Matt not to be too hard 4 himself, but Matt still felt sorry. He thought the team had a good chance to win. He asked himself 5 he was not more careful.
Tom asked Matt to look on the bright 6 . The other team was the best in the area, 7 their scores were very close. The coach and everyone in the school were 8 of them. Tom said no one could win every game. He said the most important thing is to learn from mistakes. Then you will not repeat 9 in the future.
Matt smiled finally. He agreed with Tom. 10 they pulled together, they would win next time.
阅读短文，用方框中所给填空，使文章通顺、连贯、合理。(每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词)
step less yourself temper worries reducing negative difference both at
In our busy school life, stress and anger are common problems. Many of us feel terrible because of plenty of homework and exams, and sometimes we even get mad 11 others easily. But there are simple, healthy ways to manage these 12 feelings.
When you feel stressed, the first thing to do is take a break. 13 away from your desk, listen to soft music, or take a short walk outside. This helps clear your mind and calm your nerves. Next, don’t shut yourself away. Share your 14 with someone you trust, like a parent or a friend. They might not give you perfect advice, but talking about your problems always makes you feel better. Most importantly, take good care of yourself: eat healthy food, exercise regularly, and get enough sleep. These small habits are great for 15 stress.
When you feel angry, remember to control your 16 instead of behaving badly. Shouting at others or saying mean things can hurt 17 them and you. Try taking a deep breath first. This gives you time to calm down and become a bit 18 angry. You can also go for a run, write down your feelings, or even listen to music to cool off.
Stress and anger are normal parts of life, but how you deal with them makes a 19 . By choosing healthy ways to relax and express 20 , you can stay calm, keep good relationships, and live a happier life.
请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使其通顺、连贯，。方框中有两个词为多余项。
early treat shoot from alive change call nature pass above if discovery
You must have heard of the legend (传说) of Yu Gong, who tried to move two mountains. The Taihang Mountain was one of the two mountains.
The Taihang Mountain 21 through the areas of Hebei, Shanxi, Henan and Beijing. It is about 400 kilometres long. It is a large mountain range in North China, and people 22 it “the backbone (脊梁) of China” in ancient times.
Many of the legends about the very beginning of human civilization come 23 the Taihang area. For example, Hou Yi protected everyone by 24 the suns; Emperor Yan, one of the 25 Chinese emperors, tried large numbers of herbs (草药) and taught people how to use them 26 illnesses.
The Taihang Mountain is not only where the ancient stories happened, but also a place where tens of thousands of fossils (化石) were found. These fossils show the different and 27 earth. At the same time, we can also learn about ancient humans’ lives from these 28 around the area.
Nowadays, there are 29 forests around the area with beautiful colours in four seasons. It is home to many animals and plants as well.
30 you need a trip that helps you learn different things about history, culture and so on, you can go to the Taihang Mountain.
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
one; him; successful; pull; climbers; fast; used; to; change; but
To most people, Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world. On the highest place on earth, you will feel like you are able 31 touch the sky. But only the best climbers reach the top, and that is only if they survive the terrible conditions. On the mountain, temperatures can fall to -30 degrees. Climbers must also deal with thin air, high cliffs, and 32 weather.
Before 1960, no one was able to reach the top of Qomolangma from the northern side. Mountain climbers even called that way the “Death Road”, 33 a Chinese climbing team was determined to make the climb.
On 24 May 1960, 34 Liu Lianman, Wang Fuzhou, Qu Yinhua, and Gongbu arrived at the Second Step. It was 8,600 metres above sea level. People said it was so high that even birds could not reach it. Liu allowed 35 teammates to step on his shoulders. Bit by bit, the climbers 36 themselves up, and they made it past the Second Step. At 4:20 a.m. on 25 May, the Chinese national flag flew above the world’s highest mountain for the 37 time.
In 1975, another Chinese team climbed to the top of Qomolangma to do research. This time, they brought a ladder to the Second Step. Until 2007, almost all climbers from the northern side 38 this “Chinese Ladder” to reach the top much 39 . In 2020, a Chinese research team went to Qomolangma to measure its height—8,848.86 metres.
Climbing Qomolangma is dangerous. Some climbers reach the top 40 , but many fail. Why do people still risk their lives to climb the highest mountain in the world It is because human curiosity and ambition cannot be stopped. Or, as the English explorer George Mallory put it, it is simply “because it’s there”!
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。
three I mean be train(v.) forest danger hurt stop easy
My name is Pan Yuan. I’m a smokejumper. This job 41 that I jump out of airplanes to stop big fires from spreading in the forest.
I live and work in the Daxing’anling region in Heilongjiang Province. Thick 42 cover the beautiful mountains here. Sadly, 43 mountain fires are quite common at certain times of the year. These fires can 44 or even kill people and animals.
When a forest fire starts, 45 teammates and I act fast. The fires are often difficult to reach, so we fly out in a plane and then jump down with a parachute (降落伞). Once we land, we put out the fire. To 46 fires from spreading, we use simple tools to clear away dead leaves and trees.
It is not 47 to be a smokejumper. First, you are 48 for many different skills in a special course. You have to be very brave and smart. Second, you might hurt yourself when you land. 49 , you need to know how to find food and a safe place to rest.
My job can be difficult and full of danger. However, I 50 very proud of what I do. I love this wonderful land and I will do anything to protect it.
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。(每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。)
connect feel one be do most he good problem nature
Nature always surprises us with its amazing wonders. Among all the natural wonders, coastal cliffs are the 51 fantastic. They stand strongly by the sea and face wind and waves every year.
I 52 saw coastal cliffs during a family trip to Qingdao. When I stood on the top of the cliff, I looked down and saw the blue sea hit the rocks. The view was so beautiful that I couldn’t say anything. I 53 small in front of such great beauty.
I like coastal cliffs very much because they show 54 power (力量). Wind and water have changed them for millions of years, but they are still strong. This teaches me to be brave when I meet 55 in life.
My uncle taught 56 to take photos. He often takes photos of wetlands and glaciers. He says they are important for the environment. And there 57 many natural wonders in danger because of pollution (污染) and over-development. We must 58 something to protect them.
Exploring natural wonders is a good way to 59 with nature. It makes us love the beauty of the world and encourages us to protect it 60 . Let’s cherish all gifts from nature and leave them to future generations (子孙后代).
阅读短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。
每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。
about joy reduce I meaning although surprisingly little ski express
What do students actually do for fun Last week, I did a survey by 61 to learn about how Grade 8 students relax on weekends. I asked 500 students 62 their favourite ways to relax. After getting the answers, I sorted out the results.
The results show that 50% of the students choose to use their phones or computers to relax. Another 20% prefer reading books, such as storybooks, and they get great 63 from wonderful stories. 64 , some have a special interest in reading poems. Another 20% enjoy listening to music because it can 65 stress. Some like to sing to 66 their feelings, while others prefer playing instruments. Finally, only 10% of the students enjoy sports. 67 they have a lot of schoolwork to do, they still like to go climbing or play ball games outdoors with friends. Some even try going 68 in winter.
We all know that TV shows, phones and computers are popular. But too much screen time can cause eye problems. Let’s do something 69 to help ourselves grow! From now on, try to spend 70 time on phones and more time reading or doing sport with friends.
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从方框中选出恰当的单词或短语填空，使语意通顺完整。每个选项只能使用一次，每框有一项剩余。
A．longer B．runs through C． itself D．square kilometers E. to get F. longest
The Amazon rain forest is in South America. It covers about 6 million 71 . That’s about half the size of China! The Amazon River 72 the rain forest. It’s the world’s second 73 river.
Climate change and human activities make the rain forest “sick”. Actually, the rain forest can fix (修复) 74 . But now, it feels too “tired” 75 better. The Amazon is one of the world’s wettest places.
A．Although B．to protect C． easily D．cut down E. If F. more than
But after 2005, three droughts (干旱) have hit the rain forest. The trees don’t have enough water to grow. What’s worse, they can 76 catch fire when they become dry. People 77 rain forest trees mostly for wood. They burn the forest to make farmland. All these activities have already caused about 17 percent of the rain forest to disappear.
The Amazon rain forest is like the lungs (肺) of our planet. The rich plants there make 78 20 percent of the planet’s oxygen. 79 the Amazon rain forest “dies”, our earth will become hotter. Researchers are thinking of better ways 80 and save the Amazon rain forest. Hope we can solve the problems in the near future.
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，必要时可加助动词）
finish respect remember work discuss give come show choose prepare
Teamwork plays an important role in our daily school life. It teaches us how to work with each other, understand different ideas, and solve difficult problems together. This is the most useful lesson we can get from group activities, and it helps us grow into better people when we leave school.
The students in our class 81 a special class play now. It is about our stories of growing up, working with different classmates, and making progress together in the school life. Some students are good at drawing beautiful pictures, so they 82 to make colorful posters by the teacher. Some are good at speaking clearly, so they would be the hosts of the play.
Last Monday afternoon, we had our first team meeting. We talked about the tasks we should do. Different tasks 83 to different students in our class. While we 84 the roles and plans, some students had different ideas. Our teacher 85 in and told us that a strong team needs good communication and understanding. She also said that we 86 different opinions and help each other.
From that day on, we knew everyone 87 together to do the tasks, or we might not finish our play on time. So every day after class, some students designed the show’s pictures, and others practised their lines. We also helped each other check the words and ways of speaking. Up to now, we 88 most of the preparation work. We felt more confident and united than before.
Our class play 89 in the school hall next Wednesday afternoon. We believe that our play 90 by all teachers and students. It will be a wonderful memory for us.
Teamwork teaches us how to listen, care and support each other. It makes us better people and helps us face any difficulty in our life. When we work together, we can always get stronger and better.
从方框中选择适当的词填空，使短文意思完整。每词限用一次。
honest face relationship problem argue messages way share talking understand
Everyone may have a fight with a friend sometimes. But do you know how to solve the 91 properly
First, don’t send 92 or talk on the phone when you are angry. It’s easy to say bad words and make things worse. The best 93 is to meet your friend 94 to face.
Second, listen to your friend carefully. Try to 95 his or her feelings. Don’t stop them when they are 96 about their ideas.
Third, be 97 and sincere. Tell your true feelings, and 98 your ideas with your friend. Don’t 99 with them even if you don’t agree with them.
If you do these things, you can fix the friendship and make your 100 stronger than before.
阅读短文，从方框内的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A．as well B．deal with C．dream of D．from time to time E．give up
The Amazon Rainforest is one of the greatest wonders in the world. Many travellers 101 visiting this place by themselves. There are many amazing animals and plants. However, exploring the rainforest is not easy, but they never 102 that dream.
When visiting it, visitors often suffer from hot weather. There are sudden heavy rains or high temperatures over 35℃ 103 . The wet air makes breathing difficult. What’s more, they must 104 many difficulties, such as dangerous animals and getting lost without GPS signals. But when seeing the colourful scenery, they are proud of finishing such an unforgettable journey.
Nature teaches us that exploring the best things in life needs courage (勇气). It needs patience 105 .
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余选项。
with, ourselves, much, onto, always, feeling, river, fill, outing, reduce, although, because
How do we connect with nature It’s easier than we might think—we just need to step outside and let nature embrace(拥抱)us.
106 city life is busy, we can still find small ways to get close to nature. For example, going on a(n) 107 to a park once in a while is a great start. We can walk barefoot on the grass, listen to birds sing, and even plant a small flower 108 . This makes us feel 109 relaxed than staying indoors all day.
Visiting natural wonders like Victoria Falls or the Dead Sea is another wonderful way. The Mariana Trench, the deepest place on Earth, 110 us with curiosity; standing by the Nile River, one of the longest 111 , makes us realize how small we are. These experiences are the most unforgettable ones that help us understand nature better.
We can also 112 stress by doing yoga in a garden. Breathing in fresh air and 113 the sun on our skin, we forget our worries. Even a short chat 114 friends while watching a sunset connects us with nature. Nature is 115 there—we just need to open our hearts and let ourselves enjoy it.
从下面方框中选出10个单词，并将其正确形式填入短文，使短文意思正确通顺(每词限用一次)。
upset, apologize, proud, share, control, avoid, advice, forgive, pressure, positive
Growing up means dealing with different emotions. Last week, Lily felt 116 because her parents put too much 117 on her study. She didn’t know how to 118 her anger, so she shouted at her mother.
Later, Lily realized her mistake and decided to 119 to her mother. Her mother 120 her at once and gave her some 121 : “You should 122 your feelings with me instead of shutting yourself away.”
Matt also had a problem. He made a mistake in the game and felt bad. But his friend Tom helped him look on the bright side. Matt tried to stay 123 and promised to do better next time. Their coach was 124 of them because they pulled together. We all make mistakes, but it’s important to 125 conflicts (争执) and stay friendly with others.
阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从方框内所给11个动词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化 (可添加助动词或者情态动词)，填入空白处。
try, use, do, clean, choose, come, shout, find, show, play, carry
I recently heard a story about a famous scientist. Because of his great achievements, he was thought to be more creative than others. When a reporter asked him why he was able to do this, he gave the answer. It all 126 from an experience when he was about three years old.
“I 127 to get a bottle of milk from the fridge while my mum was cleaning the bedroom. Suddenly, I lost hold of the bottle and it fell, spilling (溢出) the milk all over the floor—a sea of milk! I was afraid and I didn’t know what 128 ,” he said.
His mother heard the noise and came into the kitchen. Instead of 129 at him, she said,” Wow, Robert, what a great and beautiful mess you have made! Would you like 130 in it for a while We 131 it up later.”
“She turned this messy accident into a fun little game for me,” he said. After a few minutes, his mother said, “Robert, whenever you make a mess like this, you have to clean it up. We can 132 a sponge(海绵), a towel or a mop. Which do you prefer ” He 133 a sponge and they cleaned up the spilled milk together.
His mother then said, “It’s difficult for you 134 a big milk bottle with two tiny hands. Let’s go out in the yard and fill the bottle with water to see if you 135 a way to carry it without dropping it.
The scientist then said that it was at that moment that he knew he didn’t need to be afraid to make mistakes and he’d like to try a lot of things in different ways.
根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文完整正确。
she of importance careful notebook between smile enter though take
As French writer Andre Maurois once said, “Without a family , man, alone in the world, trembles (颤抖) with the cold.” In fact, loving families are 136 in life.
In my family, we all love each other, but even so, misunderstandings happen.
One day, I was doing my homework in my room when my sister 137 . Being busy with homework, I didn’t talk to her and just kept studying. But when I took a rest, I was surprised to see my notebook had messy drawings on it.
I was full 138 anger and shouted at my sister, “You are really a troublemaker , and I don’t like you.”
Hearing the words, my sister began crying and tried to explain 139 , but I didn’t want to hear it. The “silence” afterward lasted for a long time 140 us.
To solve the problem, my father asked, “Have you seen what the drawings are on your 141 ”
I shook my head. Then, I looked at it 142 . It said, “Happy birthday.”
At that moment, I realised how inconsiderate (不体谅别人的) I was 143 drawing on my notebook wasn’t right, my sister’s love was true. Feeling guilty (内疚的), I said sorry to my sister, and she 144 back at me. After this, I knew that sometimes families have little conflicts (冲突). But you shouldn’t 145 them to heart because families are the people who love you most.
用方框内所给单词的适当形式填空，每空一词，每个单词限用一次。
point learn well lower weakness provide use suggest we other
Teamwork is very important for our growth. When we work in a team, we can learn some new and 146 things that help us become better people.
First of all, with the help of teammates, we can do things 147 than doing things alone. No one is good at everything: some are good at planning, 148 are good at solving problems. When we work together, we use each other’s strengths to address tasks we can’t do well alone. We may not recognise our 149 on our own, but teammates can tell us clearly, showing us how we can work on and overcome them.
Besides improving our abilities, teamwork helps us to 150 to think more deeply. When we can’t solve a problem, a teammate’s 151 often brings new ideas. For example, if we get stuck on a group project, a teammate may help by 152 out an easier way we hadn’t considered. This encourages us to think more and makes 153 understand that our own ideas are not always correct.
Finally, teamwork teaches us to care about and help others. When teammates are in trouble, we need to 154 support. This makes the team stronger and 155 teammates’ fear.
In short, teamwork helps us grow. It gives us skills we can’t learn alone and makes us better people.
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词或词组并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。(每词或词组限用一次。)
kind negative bring bright at
Last Monday was a day full of ups and downs, teaching me how much emotions can change everything.
In the morning, I forgot 156 my maths homework. When Mr Lee asked for it, I felt a 157 wave rushing over me. I was so anxious that I started to shout 158 my deskmate, Lily, blaming her for not reminding me. Her eyes turned red, and she said quietly, “I did remind you yesterday.” Those words hit me hard. I realized how mean I’d been-there was no reason to hurt her.
After class, I apologized to Lily. To my surprise, she smiled and said, “It’s okay.” We all get upset sometimes. Her 159 made me feel warm. That afternoon, our class won the basketball game. Everyone thought it was such a joyful thing that we jumped and cheered together. I noticed how differently people behave when they were happy—no one argued, and even the shyest students high-fived each other.
That day taught me that emotions are like mirrors. They show who we really are. When we let anger take over, we might hurt the people around us. But when we hold onto kindness and gratitude (感激), we make the world 160 than before.
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
paint help university well after have clearly yourself problem engineer are before
Different students have different dreams. Some want to be pilots, and some want to be 161 . But what if you don’t know what you want to be when you grow up Here 162 some ways to help you to find the answer.
First, think about your hobbies. This 163 you know what kind of job can make you happy. If you don’t know yourself well, you can have a discussion about this 164 with your parents. They may know you 165 than you do. They can give you some ideas.
Next, ask 166 , “What is my ideal (理想的) life like ” The answer to this question can help you rule some jobs out (排除). You will 167 know what kind of job you dislike and what university you should go to.
168 you have your own dream, it’s time to make a plan. If you dream of being a doctor, studying medicine at a(n) 169 must be in your plan. If you want to be an excellent artist, you may need to practise 170 every day.
/ 让学习更有效 期末备考培优 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末备考培优 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．pushed 2．accident 3．free 4．on 5．why 6．side 7．but 8．proud 9．them 10．If
【导语】本文讲述了Matt在一场篮球比赛中因失误导致球队失利而自责，在朋友Tom的开导下走出负面情绪、学会从错误中成长的故事。
【解析】1．句意：比赛中，他推了对方球队的一名球员。此处需要一个动词，在句中表示比赛中的动作。push“推”符合比赛场景，全文为过去时态，动词需用过去式，所以填pushed。
2．句意：那是一场意外。此处需要一个名词，在句中表示事件的性质。因为语境描述比赛中无意发生的推搡事件，所以选择accident。
3．句意：裁判给了对方球队两次罚球。此处需要一个形容词，在句中修饰名词throws。因为“free throws”是篮球比赛中的固定搭配，意为“罚球”，所以选择free。
4．句意：Tom告诉Matt不要对自己太苛刻。此处需要一个介词，在句中构成固定搭配“be hard on oneself”，意为“对自己太苛刻”，所以选择on。
5．句意：他问自己为什么不能更小心一点。此处需要一个疑问词，在句中引导宾语从句。因为语境是Matt反思自己失误的原因，所以选择why。
6．句意：Tom让Matt看到事情光明的一面。此处需要一个名词，在句中构成固定搭配“look on the bright side”，意为“看到事物光明的一面”，所以选择side。
7．句意：对方球队是该地区最好的，但他们的比分非常接近。此处需要一个连词；对方球队很强，而比赛比分却很接近，存在转折逻辑，所以选择but。
8．句意：教练和学校里的每个人都为他们感到骄傲。与最强的球队比分接近是不错的成绩，固定搭配“be proud of”意为“为……感到骄傲”，符合语境，所以选择proud。
9．句意：这样你以后就不会再犯（错误）了。此处需要一个代词，指代前文提到的“mistakes”，在句中作动词repeat的宾语，需用宾格形式，所以用they的宾语them。
10．句意：如果他们齐心协力，下次他们会赢的。此处需要一个连词；表达“齐心协力”这个条件下会产生的结果，所以选择if引导条件状语从句，句首首字母大写，填If。
11．at 12．negative 13．Step 14．worries 15．reducing 16．temper 17．both 18．less 19．difference 20．yourself
【导语】本文介绍了在繁忙的校园生活中，学生面临压力和愤怒时的一些健康管理方法。文章建议通过休息、倾诉、自我照顾来控制压力，通过深呼吸、运动等方式控制脾气，强调处理方式的不同会对生活产生重要影响。
【解析】11．句意：我们中的许多人因为大量的作业和考试而感到糟糕，有时我们甚至会轻易地对别人发火。表示“对某人生气”的固定搭配为“get mad at sb.”，需填介词at。
12．句意：但是有一些简单、健康的方法来管理这些消极情绪。修饰名词“feelings”，表示情绪的类型，需填形容词。上文提到“stress”和“anger”都是消极情绪，negative“消极的、负面的”符合语义。
13．句意：远离你的书桌，听一些轻柔的音乐，或者到外面短途散步。句中缺少谓语动词，表示“走开、离开”的动作，需填动词step，构成“step away from”固定搭配，意为“从……走开、离开”。“step away from your desk”意为“离开你的书桌”，与前文“take a break”逻辑一致。
14．句意：和你信任的人分享你的担忧，比如父母或朋友。上文提到学生因作业和考试感到压力，分享的应是内心的担忧。作动词“Share”的宾语，表示分享的内容，需填名词worries，意为“担忧、烦恼”。
15．句意：这些小习惯对于减轻压力非常有帮助。用在介词“for”后面，表示“减轻压力”的动作，需填动名词reducing，构成“reducing stress”短语。reduce stress意为“减轻压力”，与上文“eat healthy food, exercise regularly, get enough sleep”的作用一致。
16．句意：当你感到愤怒时，记得控制你的脾气，而不是做出不好的行为。作动词“control”的宾语，表示需要控制的对象，需填名词temper，构成“control your temper”固定搭配，意为“控制你的脾气”。下文提到“shouting at others or saying mean things”，这些都是发脾气时的行为，所以应控制脾气。
17．句意：对别人大喊大叫或说刻薄的话既会伤害他们，也会伤害你。表示“两者都”，连接“them”和“you”两个并列宾语，需填both，构成“both them and you”结构，意为“他们和你都……”。上文提到“shouting at others or saying mean things”是不好的行为，这样的行为对别人和自己都有伤害，语义通顺。
18．句意：这给你时间冷静下来，变得不那么生气。修饰形容词angry，表示程度的降低，需填比较级less，意为“更少的、不那么”。上文提到深呼吸可以帮助冷静，结果是生气程度降低，“a bit less angry”意为“不那么生气了”，符合逻辑。
19．句意：压力与愤怒是生活中正常的部分，但你如何处理它们会产生很大的影响。作动词“makes”的宾语，表示“产生影响”，需填名词difference，构成“make a difference”固定搭配，意为“有影响、起作用”。上文讲述了不同处理方式 (健康方式vs不好行为)，后文总结处理方式的选择会影响生活，语义连贯。
20．句意：通过选择健康的方式来放松和表达自己，你可以保持冷静、维持良好的人际关系，并过上更快乐的生活。作动词“express”的宾语，表示表达的对象，需填反身代词yourself，构成“express yourself”固定搭配，意为“表达自己”。文章通篇以第二人称“you”与读者对话，劝诫读者如何管理情绪，因此用yourself 指代读者自己。
21．passes 22．called 23．from 24．shooting 25．earliest 26．to treat 27．changing 28．discoveries 29．natural 30．If
【导语】本文介绍了太行山的地理位置、历史地位、相关传说、化石发现以及如今的生态环境，是一处可以了解历史、文化和自然的旅游胜地。
【解析】21．句意：太行山穿过河北、山西、河南和北京地区。空格后为介词短语“through the areas”，此处缺少谓语动词。pass through为固定短语，意为“穿过，经过”。句子描述客观事实，主语The Taihang Mountain为第三人称单数，故用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式passes。
22．句意：它是华北地区的一条大型山脉，古代人们称它为“中国的脊梁”。空格前为people，空格后为it，中间缺少谓语动词。call sb./sth. + 名词意为“称某人/某物为……”。句子描述古代人的行为，应用一般过去时，故填called。
23．句意：许多关于人类文明起源的传说都来自太行山地区。空格前为come，空格后为the Taihang area，表示来源。come from为固定短语，意为“来自”，故填介词from。
24．句意：例如，后羿通过射日保护了大家。空格前为介词by，介词后需接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。shoot意为“射击”，此处指后羿射日的故事。by doing sth.意为“通过做某事”，故填shooting。
25．句意：炎帝，最早的中国帝王之一，尝试了大量草药并教人们如何使用它们治疗疾病。空格位于“one of the...Chinese emperors”结构中，常用“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”表示“最……的之一”。early意为“早的”，其最高级为earliest，意为“最早的”，符合语境。
26．句意：炎帝，最早的中国帝王之一，尝试了大量草药并教人们如何使用它们治疗疾病。空格前为“use them”，空格后为“illnesses”。use sth. to do sth.为固定结构，意为“使用某物做某事”。treat意为“治疗”，故填动词不定式to treat。
27．句意：这些化石展示了不同且不断变化的地球。空格前为different and，and连接两个并列成分，故空格处需填形容词与different共同修饰名词earth。change现在分词形式changing意为“不断变化的”，强调地球处于持续演变过程中，符合化石所揭示的地球历史。changeable虽有“易变的”之意，但多用于天气、情绪等，此处用changing更为贴切。
28．句意：同时，我们也可以从这些发现中了解该地区古代人类的生活。空格前为these，后接可数名词复数。discovery意为“发现”，指前文提到的化石等考古发现，故填discoveries。
29．句意：如今，该地区周围有自然的森林，四季色彩美丽。空格后为名词forests，需填形容词作定语。nature的形容词形式natural意为“自然的”，修饰forests表示未经人工干预的自然森林，符合上下文对太行山生态环境的描述。
30．句意：如果你需要一次能了解历史、文化等不同事物的旅行，你可以去太行山。空格后为“you need...”，空格所在句与后文“you can go...”构成条件关系。if意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句，位于句首首字母需大写，故填If。
31．
to 32．
changing 33．
but 34．
climbers 35．
his 36．
pulled 37．
first 38．
used 39．
faster 40．
successfully
【导语】本文讲述了珠穆朗玛峰的险峻环境，以及中国登山队从北坡登顶珠峰的壮举，介绍了“中国梯”的由来和影响，展现了人类挑战极限的勇气与探索精神。
【解析】31．句意：在地球的最高处，你会感觉自己仿佛能够触碰到天空。此处考查固定搭配be able to do sth.（能够做某事），故填to。
32．句意：登山者还必须应对稀薄的空气、陡峭的悬崖和多变的天气。此处需要形容词修饰名词weather，change的形容词形式changing意为“变化无常的、多变的”，符合语境。
33．句意：登山者甚至称那条路为“死亡之路”，但一支中国登山队决心完成这次攀登。此处需要连词表示转折关系，but意为“但是”，连接前后两个分句。
34．句意：1960年5月24日，登山者刘连满、王富洲、屈银华和贡布到达了第二台阶。此处需要名词复数，表示“登山者们”，climbers意为“登山者”，符合语境。
35．句意：刘连满让他的队友们踩在他的肩膀上。此处需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词teammates，he的形容词性物主代词是his。
36．句意：一点一点地，登山者们奋力向上攀登，越过了第二台阶。此处需要动词过去式，句子时态为一般过去时，pull oneself up意为“奋力向上爬”，pull的过去式是pulled。
37．句意：5月25日凌晨4点20分，五星红旗第一次飘扬在世界最高峰上。此处考查固定搭配for the first time（第一次），one的序数词形式是first。
38．句意：直到2007年，几乎所有从北坡攀登的登山者都使用这架“中国梯”更快地到达山顶。此处考查固定搭配used to do sth.（过去常常做某事），句子时态为一般过去时，故填used。
39．句意：直到2007年，几乎所有从北坡攀登的登山者都使用这架“中国梯”更快地到达山顶。此处需要副词比较级，much后接比较级，fast的比较级形式是faster，意为“更快地”。
40．句意：有些登山者成功登顶，但许多人失败了。此处需要副词修饰动词reach，successful的副词形式是successfully，意为“成功地”。
41．means 42．forests 43．dangerous 44．hurt 45．my 46．stop 47．easy 48．trained 49．Third 50．am
【导语】本文介绍了森林消防员潘远的工作内容、工作环境、职业要求与挑战，展现了这份工作的危险性、专业性，以及他对这份职业的热爱与自豪。
【解析】41．句意：这份工作意味着我要从飞机上跳下来，阻止森林大火蔓延。句子缺少谓语动词，结合下文“I jump out of airplanes to stop big fires from spreading in the forest”，这正是对“smokejumper”工作内容的解释，备选词mean“意味着”符合语境；句子主语“This job”为单数，时态为一般现在时，需用动词三单形式means。
42．句意：茂密的森林覆盖着这里美丽的山脉。句子缺少主语，结合后文 “forest fires”的语境，备选词forest“森林”符合语境；表示“茂密的森林”这一泛指概念，需用复数形式forests。
43．句意：遗憾的是，危险的山火在一年中的某些时候相当常见。此处需形容词修饰名词短语“mountain fires”，结合后文“kill people and animals”的描述，备选词danger“危险”的形容词形式dangerous“危险的”符合语境，作定语修饰名词短语。
44．句意：这些火灾会伤害甚至杀死人和动物。情态动词“can”后需接动词原形，结合后文“even kill people and animals”的递进语境，备选词hurt“伤害”符合语境，用原形即可。
45．句意：当森林火灾发生时，我和我的队友们迅速行动。此处需形容词性物主代词修饰名词“teammates”，主语为“I”，备选词I对应的形容词性物主代词my“我的”符合语境，作定语修饰名词。
46．句意：为了阻止火灾蔓延，我们用简单的工具清理落叶和树木。“To … fires from spreading”为目的状语，固定搭配“stop...from doing sth.”表示“阻止……做某事”，结合上下文“put out the fire”的语境，备选词stop“阻止”符合语境，且“To”后需接动词原形。
47．句意：成为一名森林消防员并不容易。“It is + 形容词 + to do sth.”为固定句型，表示“做某事是……的”，结合后文“you have to be very brave and smart”及“might hurt yourself when you land”的描述，这项工作不容易，备选词easy“容易的”符合语境，作表语。
48．句意：首先，你要在一门特殊课程中接受多种技能的培训。句子谓语部分不完整，结合下文“in a special course”可知，此处是指在此课程里接受专业培训，备选词train“培训”符合语境；主语“you”与动词“train”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态；空格前为“are”，这里需用train的过去分词trained。
49．句意：第三，你需要知道如何找到食物和安全的地方休息。前文依次出现 “First”、“Second”表顺序列举，此处为第三点要求，基数词three变为序数词Third，句首首字母大写，符合行文逻辑。
50．句意：然而，我对我所做的事情感到非常自豪。固定短语be proud of意为“为……感到自豪”，主语是第一人称“I”，一般现在时中be动词用am，贴合句子时态与人称。
51．most 52．first 53．felt 54．nature’s 55．problems 56．himself 57．are 58．do 59．connect 60．well
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在青岛看到海岸悬崖的经历和感受，以及由此引发的对自然奇观的思考，呼吁人们保护自然。
【解析】51．句意：在所有自然奇观中，海岸悬崖是最奇妙的。“Among all the natural wonders”表示范围，此处需用形容词最高级，most fantastic表示“最奇妙的”。
52．句意：在一次去青岛的家庭旅行中，我第一次看到了海岸悬崖。此处表示“第一次”，结合所给词，用one的副词形式first。
53．句意：在如此壮丽的美景前，我感到自己很渺小。句子缺少谓语动词，此处表示“感觉渺小”，用 feel“感觉”，且句子为一般过去时，feel的过去式为felt。
54．句意：我非常喜欢海岸悬崖，因为它们展现了大自然的力量。此处表示“大自然的力量”，修饰名词power需用所有格，nature’s“自然的”，符合语境。
55．句意：这教会我在生活中遇到问题时要勇敢。meet后接名词作宾语，上文说“要勇敢”，说明此处指问题或者困难，用problem“难题”，且用复数形式problems表示泛指。
56．句意：我的叔叔自学了拍照。动词taught后接人称代词宾格，此处表示叔叔教自己拍照，he的反身代词形式为himself“他自己”。
57．句意：并且由于污染和过度开发，有许多自然奇观正处于危险之中。此处为there be句型，主语many natural wonders是复数，句子为一般现在时，be动词用are。
58．句意：我们必须做些什么来保护它们。“to protect them”说明此处是做一些事情，用do“做”，情态动词must后接动词原形。
59．句意：探索自然奇观是与自然建立联系的好方式。固定搭配connect with表示“与……联系”，此处为动词不定式，to后用原形。
60．句意：它让我们热爱世界之美，并鼓励我们好好保护它。此处修饰动词protect需用副词，good的副词形式为well“很好地”。
61．myself 62．about 63．joy 64．Surprisingly 65．reduce 66．express 67．Although 68．skiing 69．meaningful 70．less
【导语】本文是一篇调查报告，作者通过对自己进行的调查，介绍了八年级学生周末放松方式的分布情况，并呼吁减少使用电子设备的时间，多进行有意义的活动。
【解析】61．句意：上周，我亲自做了一项调查，了解八年级学生周末如何放松。by oneself意为“亲自”，主语为I，故用反身代词myself。
62．句意：我询问了500名学生关于他们最喜欢的放松方式。ask sb. about sth.意为“询问某人关于某事”，故填about。
63．句意：他们从精彩的故事中获得极大的快乐。get joy from...意为“从……中获得快乐”，joy为不可数名词。
64．句意：令人惊讶的是，有些人对读诗有特别的兴趣。空格处位于句首，修饰整个句子，应用副词surprisingly，意为“令人惊讶地”， 句首单词首字母需大写。
65．句意：另外20%喜欢听音乐，因为它可以减轻压力。can后接动词原形，reduce stress意为“减轻压力”，故填reduce。
66．句意：有些人喜欢用唱歌来表达自己的感情，而另一些人则更喜欢演奏乐器。不定式to后接动词原形，express one’s feelings意为“表达感情”。
67．句意：虽然他们有很多作业要做，但他们仍然喜欢和朋友一起去户外爬山或打球。前后句为让步关系，应用although引导让步状语从句，句首单词首字母需大写。
68．句意：有些人甚至尝试在冬天去滑雪。go doing sth.意为“去做某事”，go skiing意为“去滑雪”。
69．句意：让我们做一些有意义的事情来帮助自己成长！修饰不定代词something，需用形容词作后置定语，meaningful意为“有意义的”。
70．句意：从现在起，尽量少花时间在手机上，多花时间与朋友一起阅读或做运动。time为不可数名词，由后文“more time”可知，此处应用little的比较级less，意为“更少的”。
71．D 72．B 73．F 74．C 75．E 76．C 77．D 78．F 79．E 80．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了亚马逊雨林的面积、流经的亚马逊河，讲述了气候变化与人类活动对雨林造成的破坏，阐明了雨林的重要生态价值，以及保护雨林的迫切性。
【解析】71．句意：它占地约600万平方千米。 此处描述雨林的面积单位， square kilometers表示“平方千米”，符合面积表达的语义。
72．句意：亚马逊河流经这片雨林。 此处表示河流的流经动作，runs through表示“流经”，符合地理场景的语义。
73．句意：它是世界上第二长的河流。 此处表示河流的长度排名，“the world’s second+形容词最高级” 是固定表达， longest表示“最长的”，符合语法规则与语义。
74．句意：实际上，雨林可以自我修复。 此处表示雨林自我修复的含义，itself表示“它自己”，是反身代词，符合“自我修复”的语义。
75．句意：但现在，它感觉太“疲惫”而无法变得更好。 此处是“too...to...”固定结构，表示“太……而不能……”， to get符合此固定搭配的语法要求。
76．句意：更糟糕的是，它们变干后很容易着火。 此处表示火灾发生的难易程度，easily表示“容易地”，是副词，修饰动词“catch fire”，符合语义与语法。
77．句意：人们为了木材大多会砍伐雨林树木。 此处表示人类对树木的破坏动作，cut down表示“砍伐”，符合人类破坏雨林的语义。
78．句意：那里丰富的植物制造了地球超过20%的氧气。 此处表示数量的范围，more than表示“超过”，符合数量表达的语义。
79．句意：如果亚马逊雨林 “死亡”，我们的地球会变得更热。 此处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，If符合条件句的逻辑与语法。
80．句意：研究人员正在思考更好的方法来保护和拯救亚马逊雨林。 此处是“ways to do sth”固定结构，表示“做某事的方法”，to protect符合此固定搭配的语法要求及“保护雨林”的语义。
81．are preparing 82．are chosen 83．were given 84．were discussing 85．came 86．should respect 87．must work 88．have finished 89．will be shown 90．will be remembered
【导语】 本文主要介绍了作者班级为准备一场班级戏剧而开展的团队合作活动，讲述了分工、沟通与互助的过程，体现了团队合作的重要性。
【解析】81．句意：我们班的学生现在正在准备一场特别的班级戏剧。根据时间状语“now”可知句子应用现在进行时；主语The students为复数，因此用“are+现在分词”结构；结合语境“准备戏剧”，用prepare，故填are preparing。
82．句意：一些学生擅长画漂亮的画，所以他们被老师选中来制作色彩鲜艳的海报。根据“by the teacher”可知句子为被动语态，主语为复数，结合语境“被老师选中”，用choose，故填are chosen。
83．句意：不同的任务被分配给了我们班的不同学生。根据“Last Monday afternoon”可知句子为一般过去时，主语“Different tasks”与“give”是被动关系，结合语境“分配任务”，用give，故填 were given。
84．句意：当我们讨论角色和计划时，一些学生有不同的想法。根据“While”及语境可知，句子为过去进行时，结合语境“讨论角色和计划”，用discuss，故填were discussing。
85．句意：我们的老师走了进来，告诉我们一个强大的团队需要良好的沟通和理解。根据“told us”可知句子为一般过去时，固定短语come in意为 “进来”，结合语境“老师走进来”，用come，故填came。
86．句意：她还说我们应该尊重不同的意见，互相帮助。根据语境及“and help each other”可知，此处表达建议，用情态动词 + 动词原形，结合语境“尊重不同意见”，用respect，故填should respect。
87．句意：从那天起，我们知道每个人都必须一起合作完成任务，否则我们可能无法按时完成戏剧。根据“or we might not finish our play on time”可知，此处表达必要性，用“情态动词 + 动词原形”，结合语境“合作完成任务”，用work，故填 must work。
88．句意：到目前为止，我们已经完成了大部分准备工作。根据“Up to now”可知句子为现在完成时，主语“we”为复数，结合语境“完成准备工作”，用finish，故填have finished。
89．句意：我们的班级戏剧将于下周三下午在学校礼堂上演。根据“next Wednesday afternoon”可知句子为一般将来时，主语 “Our class play”与“show”是被动关系，结合语境“戏剧上演”，用show，故填will be shown。
90．句意：我们相信我们的戏剧会被所有老师和学生记住。根据语境及“by all teachers and students”可知，句子为一般将来时的被动语态，结合语境“被师生记住”，用remember，故填will be remembered。
91．problem 92．messages 93．way 94．face 95．understand 96．talking 97．honest 98．share 99．argue 100．relationship
【导语】本文主要介绍了如何正确解决与朋友之间的争吵，并给出了三点具体建议：冷静沟通、倾听理解、诚实分享。
【解析】91．句意：但你知道如何正确地解决问题吗？根据前一句提到“与朋友打架”，以及下文给出解决争吵的方法，可知此处指“解决问题”，因此填“problem”。
92．句意：首先，当你生气时不要发信息或打电话。根据“don’t send...or talk on the phone”以及常识，生气时容易发送不好的信息，因此填“messages”。
93．句意：最好的方式是面对面见你的朋友。前文说不要发信息或打电话，这里指出最佳做法，因此填“way”表示“方式”。
94．句意：最好的方式是面对面见你的朋友。固定搭配“face to face”意为“面对面”，因此填“face”。
95．句意：试着理解他或她的感受。根据上文“listen to your friend carefully”以及下文“his or her feelings”，可知需要理解对方的感受，因此填“understand”。。
96．句意：当他们谈论自己的想法时，不要打断他们。根据“Don’t stop them”以及“about their ideas”，可知对方正在说话，因此填“talking”。
97．句意：第三，要诚实和真诚。与“sincere”并列，且下文提到“tell your true feelings”，因此填“honest”。
98．句意：说出你的真实感受，并与朋友分享你的想法。与“tell your true feelings”并列，且表示与朋友交流想法，因此填“share”。
99．句意：即使你不同意他们的观点，也不要和他们争吵。前文建议不要发信息、不要打断、要倾听分享，此处进一步说明不要争吵，因此填“argue”。
100．句意：如果你做到这些，你可以修复友谊，使你们的关系比以前更牢固。根据“fix the friendship”以及“stronger”，可知指的是朋友之间的关系，因此填“relationship”。
101．C 102．E 103．D 104．B 105．A
【导语】本文是说明文，介绍亚马逊雨林探险的挑战，说明探索美好事物需勇气与耐心。
【解析】101．句意：许多旅行者梦想亲自参观这个地方。dream of doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“梦想做某事”，符合旅行者向往亚马逊雨林的语境。
102．句意：然而，探索雨林并不容易，但他们从未放弃那个梦想。前文提到探索不易，but表示转折，说明他们坚持梦想，never give up意为“从不放弃”。
103．句意：有时会有突然的暴雨或超过35摄氏度的高温。from time to time意为“有时，偶尔”，用来描述恶劣天气发生的频率，符合语境。
104．句意：此外，他们必须应付许多困难，比如危险的动物以及没有GPS信号时迷路。deal with意为“处理，应付”，常与difficulties搭配，符合面对危险动物和迷路等情况的语境。
105．句意：它需要勇气，也需要耐心。前句提到needs courage，本句说needs patience，as well意为“也”，通常放在句末，表示补充说明。
106．Although 107．outing 108．ourselves 109．more 110．fills 111．rivers 112．reduce 113．feeling 114．with 115．always
【导语】本文介绍了我们亲近自然的多种方式，阐述了亲近自然能缓解压力、放松身心，表达了自然时刻陪伴在我们身边，我们应敞开心扉感受自然的主题。
【解析】106．句意：尽管城市生活十分忙碌，我们仍然能找到一些亲近自然的小方法。空格引导让步状语从句，表达“虽然、尽管”含义，方框中连词“although”符合语法与语义，句首字母需大写。
107．句意：例如，偶尔去公园郊游就是一个很好的开端。固定搭配“go on an outing”表示“去郊游、短途出行”，“outing”为名词，符合此处语境。
108．句意：我们可以赤脚走在草地上，听鸟儿歌唱，甚至亲手为自己种一朵小花。主语为“we”，此处用反身代词“ourselves”表示“我们自己”，强调亲自行动。
109．句意：这让我们比整天待在室内感到更放松。空格后有比较级标志词“than”，“relaxed”的比较级需加“more”，表示“更放松的”。
110．句意：地球上最深的地方——马里亚纳海沟，让我们充满好奇。固定搭配“fill sb. with sth.”表示“使某人充满……”；主语“The Mariana Trench”为单数名词，一般现在时动词需用三单形式“fills”。
111．句意：站在尼罗河（最长的河流之一）边，让我们意识到自己多么渺小。固定结构“one of the+名词复数”表示“……之一”，因此“river”需变为复数形式“rivers”。
112．句意：我们也可以在花园里做瑜伽来缓解压力。情态动词“can”后接动词原形，“reduce stress”为固定搭配，表示“缓解压力”。
113．句意：呼吸新鲜空气、感受阳光洒在肌肤上，我们忘却烦恼。“and”连接两个并列动名词，与“Breathing”形式保持一致，“feel”需变为动名词形式“feeling”。
114．句意：甚至在看日落时和朋友简短聊天，也能让我们与自然相连。固定搭配“chat with friends”表示“和朋友聊天”，介词“with”表伴随。
115．句意：自然总是在我们身边——我们只需敞开心扉，尽情享受。副词“always”作状语，修饰系动词“is”，表达自然时刻存在。
116．upset 117．pressure 118．control 119．apologize 120．forgave 121．advice 122．share 123．positive 124．proud 125．avoid
【导语】本文讲述了Lily和Matt面对情绪与错误的经历，告诉我们如何处理情绪、化解矛盾、与他人友好相处。
【解析】116．句意：上周，Lily感到沮丧，因为她的父母给她的学习施加了太多压力。后文提到父母施加压力，说明她感到沮丧，用形容词“upset”，作表语。
117．句意：上周，Lily感到沮丧，因为她的父母给她的学习施加了太多压力。“put too much...on her study”表示“给她的学习施加了太多压力”，应用“pressure”，为不可数名词。
118．句意：她不知道如何控制自己的愤怒，所以她对妈妈大喊大叫。“didn’t know how to...her anger”表示“不知道如何控制愤怒”，不定式符号to后接动词原形，应用“control”。
119．句意：后来，Lily意识到自己的错误，决定向妈妈道歉。“realized her mistake”表明她决定向妈妈道歉，不定式符号to后接动词原形，应用“apologize”。
120．句意：她的妈妈立刻原谅了她，并给了她一些建议。前文提到给妈妈道歉，此处应是指妈妈原谅了她，“and gave”表明时态是一般过去时，应用“forgive”的过去式“forgave”。
121．句意：她的妈妈立刻原谅了她，并给了她一些建议。句子“You should...your feelings with me instead of shutting yourself away.”是妈妈给出的建议，应用“advice”，为不可数名词。
122．句意：你应该和我分享你的感受，而不是把自己封闭起来。“...your feelings with me”表示“和我分享你的感受”，应用“share”，should后接动词原形。
123．句意：Matt努力保持积极，并承诺下次做得更好。句子“But his friend Tom helped him look on the bright side.”表明Matt努力保持积极，stay后接形容词作表语，应用“positive”。
124．句意：他们的教练为他们感到骄傲，因为他们齐心协力。“they pulled together.”说明教练为他们感到骄傲，“be proud of”是固定短语，意为“为……感到骄傲”。
125．句意：我们都会犯错，但避免争执、与他人保持友好很重要。不定式符号to后接动词原形，“...conflicts”表示“避免争执”，应用“avoid”。
126．came 127．tried/was trying 128．to do 129．shouting 130．to play 131．will clean/can clean 132．use 133．chose 134．to carry 135．can find
【导语】本文讲述了一位著名科学家小时候打翻牛奶后，母亲用独特的方式引导他，让他不再害怕犯错的故事。
【解析】126．句意：这一切都源于他大约三岁时的一次经历。此处表示“源于”，应用动词短语“come from”。句子描述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时，come的过去式为came。
127．句意：当妈妈正在打扫卧室时，我试图从冰箱里拿一瓶牛奶。句子缺少谓语动词，根据上下文语境，此处表示“尝试、努力”，结合备选词，用try；when引导的时间状语从句用过去进行时，主句动作发生在过去，可用一般过去时或过去进行时，try的过去式为tried，过去进行时形式为was trying，两种形式均符合语境。
128．句意：我很害怕，不知道该怎么办。此处为“疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语，表示“做什么”，what后接动词不定式，构成what to do结构。
129．句意：她没有对他大喊大叫，而是说：“哇，Robert，你弄得这一团糟可真漂亮！”。介词短语“Instead of”后应跟动名词形式，表示“而不是做某事”；此处表示“大喊大叫”，用shout的动名词形式shouting。
130．句意：你想在里面玩一会儿吗？“would like to do sth.”为固定结构，不定式作宾语；此处表示“玩耍”，填to play。
131．句意：我们稍后会 (可以) 把它清理干净。句子为直接引语，描述将要/可能发生的动作，应用一般将来时或含情态动词的一般现在时，will/can后接动词原形，即will clean/can clean。
132．句意：我们可以用海绵、毛巾或拖把。情态动词“can”后跟动词原形，此处表示“使用”，use保持动词原形。
133．句意：他选择了一块海绵。此处表示“选择”，应用动词“choose”。句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，choose的过去式为chose。
134．句意：你用两只小手搬运一个大牛奶瓶是很困难的。此处为“It is+adj.+to do sth.”句型，表示“做某事是……的”；此处表示“拿、搬运”，用carry的不定式形式to carry。
135．句意：我们去院子里把瓶子装满水，看看你能不能找到一种不把它掉下来的拿法。情态动词can表“能够”，后接动词原形find，贴合母亲引导孩子尝试、探寻实用方法的语境。
136．important 137．entered 138．of 139．herself 140．between 141．notebook 142．carefully 143．though 144．smiled 145．take
【导语】本文讲述了作者与妹妹因误会产生矛盾，最终发现妹妹在自己的笔记本上画了生日祝福的故事，诠释了家庭中爱与包容的重要性。
【解析】136．句意：事实上，充满爱的家庭在生活中是重要的。此处需要形容词作表语，结合语境用importance的形容词形式important，表示“重要的”。
137．句意：一天，我正在房间做作业，这时我的妹妹进来了。句子描述过去发生的动作，结合语境用enter的过去式entered，表示“进入”，作句子的谓语。
138．句意：我充满了愤怒，对着妹妹大喊。此处构成be full of，表示“充满……”，结合语境用介词of。
139．句意：听到这些话，妹妹开始哭，试图解释自己，但我不想听。此处需要反身代词表示“她自己”，结合语境用she的反身代词herself，指妹妹想为自己辩解。
140．句意：之后的沉默持续了很长时间，在我们之间。此处表示 “在两者之间”，结合语境用介词between，指作者和妹妹之间的沉默。
141．句意：为了解决问题，父亲问：“你看到你的笔记本上画的是什么了吗？” 结合后文“I looked at it”的语境，此处指作者的作业本，用名词notebook，表示“笔记本”。
142．句意：然后，我仔细地看了看它。修饰动词looked需用副词，结合语境用careful的副词形式carefully，表示“仔细地”。
143．句意：那一刻，我意识到自己有多不体谅人，虽然在笔记本上画画是不对的，但妹妹的爱是真实的。结合前后句的转折关系，用连词though，表示“虽然/尽管”，引导让步状语从句。
144．句意：感到内疚，我向妹妹道歉，她对我微笑回应。句子描述过去发生的动作，结合语境用smile的过去式smiled，表示“微笑”，作句子的谓语。
145．句意：但你不应该把它们放在心上，因为家人是最爱你的人。此处构成take sth. to heart，表示“把某事放在心上/介意某事”，情态动词shouldn’t后接动词原形，结合语境用take。
146．useful 147．better 148．others 149．weaknesses 150．learn 151．suggestion 152．pointing 153．us 154．provide 155．lowers
【导语】本文介绍了团队合作对个人成长的重要性，包括提升能力、学会深度思考以及学会关心他人三个方面，表达了团队合作让我们成为更好的人。
【解析】146．句意：当我们在团队中工作时，我们可以学到一些新的和有用的东西，这些东西帮助我们成为更好的人。空格修饰名词“things”，需用形容词作定语。选项中“use”的形容词形式为“useful”，符合语义。
147．句意：有了队友的帮助，我们可以把事情做得比独自做更好。“than”提示需用比较级，空格修饰动词“do”，需用副词比较级。选项中“well”的比较级为“better”。
148．句意：有些人擅长计划，另一些人擅长解决问题。此处考查固定搭配“some...others...”，表示“一些……另一些……”。选项中“other”需变为复数形式“others”，指代“其他人”。
149．句意：我们可能无法自己认识到我们的弱点。“our”后接名词，且根据后文“them”提示需用复数形式。选项中“weakness”的复数形式为“weaknesses”，符合“认识到自己的弱点”的语义。
150．句意：团队合作帮助我们学会更深入地思考。“helps us to”后接动词原形，构成“help sb to do sth”结构。选项中“learn”符合“学会更深入地思考”的语义。
151．句意：队友的建议常常带来新想法。“a teammate’s”后接名词，且根据谓语“brings”可知主语为单数。选项中“suggest”的名词形式为“suggestion”（建议），符合“队友的建议带来新想法”的语义。
152．句意：队友可能通过指出我们没考虑过的更简单的方法来帮忙。“by”为介词，后接动名词形式。选项中“point”与“out”构成固定搭配“point out”，其动名词形式为“pointing”。
153．句意：这鼓励我们多思考，并让我们明白我们自己的想法并不总是正确的。“makes”后接宾语，需用代词宾格形式。选项中“we”的宾格形式为“us”，“makes us understand”表示“让我们明白”。
154．句意：当队友遇到麻烦时，我们需要提供支持。“need to”后接动词原形。选项中“provide”符合“提供支持”的语义，“provide support”为固定搭配。
155．句意：这让团队更强大，并降低队友的恐惧。空格与“makes”并列，主语“This”为第三人称单数，需用动词第三人称单数形式。选项中“lower”的三单形式为“lowers”，符合“降低队友的恐惧”的语义。
156．to bring 157．negative 158．at 159．kindness 160．brighter
【导语】本文讲述了作者周一经历的情绪起伏，通过与同桌的矛盾与和解，明白了情绪就像镜子，善意与感恩能让世界变得更美好。
【解析】156．句意：早上，我忘记带数学作业了。此处需要一个动词不定式，在句中作forget的宾语，表示“忘记要做某事”。因为“forget to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“忘记去做某事”，所以选择to bring。
157．句意：当李老师要作业时，我感到一股负面情绪涌上心头。此处需要一个形容词，在句中作定语修饰wave，表示“消极的、负面的”。因为上下文描述的是焦虑、自责的糟糕心情，所以选择negative。
158．句意：我太焦虑了，开始对着我的同桌Lily大喊大叫，责怪她没有提醒我。此处需要一个介词，在句中表示动作的对象。因为“shout at sb.”是固定搭配，意为“对某人大喊大叫”，所以选择at。
159．句意：她的善意让我感到温暖。此处需要一个名词，在句中作主语，表示“善良、善意”。因为上文描述Lily微笑着原谅了作者，体现了她的友善，所以选择kind的名词形式kindness。
160．句意：但当我们心怀善意与感恩时，我们会让世界比以前更明亮。此处需要一个形容词比较级，在句中作宾语补足语，表示“更明亮的”。因为句中有“than before”表示比较，所以选择bright的比较级形式brighter。
161．engineers 162．are 163．helps 164．problem 165．better 166．yourself 167．clearly 168．After 169．university 170．painting
【导语】本文介绍了为青少年提供的职业规划建议。首先通过兴趣探索自我，并与父母讨论职业方向；其次通过设想理想生活排除不合适的工作；最后在明确梦想后制定具体计划，如学医需进入大学或成为艺术家需每日练习绘画。
【解析】161．句意：有些人想成为飞行员，有些人想成为工程师。前文提到：“different students have different dreams. ”不同学生有不同的梦想，此处列举另一种职业，与“pilots”并列，需用复数名词“engineers”。
162．句意：这里有一些方法可以帮助你找到答案。Here位于句首，引导倒装句，主语“some ways”为复数，谓语用复数形式are。
163．句意：这能帮助你了解哪种工作能让你快乐。后文的“If you don’t know yourself well, you can have a discussion about this...with your parents.”如果你对你自己不是很了解，你可以和父母讨论这个问题，这是在帮助你，主语This为单数，描述一般事实，用一般现在时第三人称单数helps。
164．句意：如果你对你自己不是很了解，你可以和父母讨论这个问题。前文提到“If you don’t know yourself well”，不了解自己，这是一个需要讨论的“问题”，有this修饰，用单数名词，故用“problem”。
165．句意：他们可能比你更了解你。修饰动宾短语know you，表示“更了解”，用副词well，由than可知，此处用比较级better。
166．句意：问你自己：“我理想的生活是什么样的？” 全文使用第二人称，祈使句中，对方是“你”，反问自己用反身代词“yourself”。
167．句意：你会清楚地知道你不喜欢哪种工作，你应该去什么大学。前文的“The answer to this question can help you rule some jobs out (排除). ”提到这个问题的答案帮助你排除一些工作，让你清楚地知道你不喜欢哪种工作，修饰动词“know”，表示“清楚地”，用副词“clearly”。
168．句意：在你有了自己的梦想之后，是时候制定计划了。此处表示“有了自己的梦想之后”，用After“在……之后”，引导时间状语从句，句首，首字母大写。
169．句意：如果你的梦想是当一名医生，在大学学医必须是你的计划之一。前半句“If you dream of being a doctor”表示要想当一名医生，应是在大学里学习医学，表示大学用“university”，有不定冠词a修饰，用单数名词。
170．句意：如果你想要成为一名优秀的画家，你可能需要每天练习绘画。 前半句提到：“If you want to be an excellent artist,”你想要当画家，因此要练习画画，动词“practise”后接名词或动名词，paint的动名词形式为“painting”。
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