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(共61张PPT)
选择性必修第一册
教 材 词 汇 复 习
Unit 5　Working the Land
——话题：劳动创造——
第一层教材夯基提能
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1.hybrid n.杂交植(动)物;合成物;混合动力车
2.____________ vt.解决(难题);应付(局面);处理
3.___________ n.(pl. crises)危机;危急关头
4._________ vt.使增长;使兴旺 n.增长;提高;激励
5.yield n.产量;产出 vt.出产(作物);产生(收益、效益等) vi.屈服;让步
6.________________ n.特征;特点;品质 adj.典型的;独特的
　tackle　
　crisis　
　boost　
　characteristic　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
7.___________ vt.(通常经过努力)获得;得到
8. pollinate vt._______________
9._____________ vt.(overcame,overcome)克服;解决;战胜
10.__________ n.产量;输出;输出量 vt.(output,output)输出
11.____________ vt.估计;估价;估算 n.估计;估算
12.domestic adj.本国的;国内的;家用的;家庭的
13._____________ vt.包括;包含;由……组成
　attain　
　授粉;传粉　
　overcome　
　output　
　estimate　
　comprise　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
14.strain n.(动、植物的)系;品种;拉伤;压力
15.___________ n.闲暇;休闲;空闲
16.soil n.泥土;土壤;国土;领土
17.celebrity n._______________________ 　
18.sorghum n._________________ 　
19. broom n._____________________ 　
20.grain n.谷物;谷粒;颗粒
　leisure　
　名望;名誉;名人;名流
　高粱;高粱米
　扫把;扫帚;金雀花
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
21.___________ adj.城市的;都市的;城镇的
22.___________ n.炸弹vt.轰炸;对……投炸弹
23.tunnel n.地下通道;地道;隧道
24.wheat n.小麦;小麦籽
25.____________ n.味道;特点;特色
26. fertiliser n._______________
27.alleviate vt._______________ 　
　urban　
　bomb　
　flavour　
　肥料　
　减轻;缓解
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
28._____________ adj.有机的;不使用化肥的;有机物的
29.pesticide n.____________________ 　
30._____________ adj.分布广的;普遍的;广泛的
31. bacterium n.__________
32.___________ vt.& vi.消化vt.领会;领悟 n.摘要;文摘
33.____________ adj.完全必要的;极其重要的
34.mineral n._______________
　organic　
　杀虫剂;除害药物
　widespread　
　细菌　
　digest　
　essential　
　矿物;矿物质　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
35._____________ n.可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的;非传统的
36._____________ n.食品杂货店;[pl.]食品杂货
37.____________ n.例子;实例;事例
38.__________ n.根;根茎;根部;根源
39.__________ n.方面;层面
　alternative　
　grocery　
　instance　
　root　
　aspect　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
一、单词拼写
1.India a___________ independence from Britain in 1947 after a long struggle.
2.Many people found themselves out of work as a direct consequence of the economic c_________.
3.Water is e__________ for all known forms of life, without which nothing can survive and continue.
4.The manager is clearly in a dilemma about how to t__________ the tough problem.
ttained
risis
ssential
ackle
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
5.Although we suffer from many serious natural disasters, we are sure to o____________ some difficulties.
6.The country’s yearly agricultural o__________ has increased in recent years.
7.How can you expect to d_______ your food properly when you eat your meals so fast
8.Apart from what you have mentioned above, do you have any 　______________(可供替代的) plan
vercome
utput
igest
alternative
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
9.We need to employ more experienced workers to ___________(提高) production.
10.The _____________(国内的) market is still depressed, but the demand abroad is picking up.
11.It’s a great relief that the medicine works well to ____________(减轻) her suffering and pain.
12.With the development of science and technology, the house in the future will be smart in many_____________ (方面).
　boost　
　domestic　
　alleviate　
　aspects　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
13.Thousands of people today migrate from the countryside to the 　_____________ (都市的) areas in search of work.
14.Genes determine the __________________(特征) of every living thing.
15.I _____________(估计) that the total cost of treatment will be $12,500.
16.Now there’s a lot more evidence of how powerful a ______________(名人)—especially a professional athlete—can be in influencing children’s behaviour.
urban　
　characteristics　
　estimate　
　celebrity　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
17.We have received _________________(广泛的) support for the new
proposal and there is ample evidence showing that it is workable.
18.You can’t have it both ways—you either work longer and get paid more or have more _____________(休闲) time and get paid less.
　leisure　
　widespread　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1.devote vt.把……献(给);把……专用于;专心于→devoted adj. 忠诚的→ 　______________ n. 献身;忠诚;专心
2._____________ n.不足;缺少;短缺→ short adj. 不足的;缺少的→shorten v.(使)变短;缩短
3.convince vt.使相信;使确信;说服→convinced adj. 确信的;信服的→　_______________adj.令人信服的
4.convention n.常规;习俗;惯例→_________________ adj.传统的;习惯的
devotion　
　shortage　
convincing　
　conventional　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
5.________________ n. 假定;设定;(责任的)承担;(权力的)获得→assume vt. 假设,认为→assuming conj.假定,假设
6.__________ adj. 热切的;十分强烈的;激烈的→intensity n. 强烈;紧张;剧烈→intensely adv. 强烈地
7.expand vt.&vi.扩大;增加vt.扩展;发展(业务)→______________ n.扩大;增加
8.consumption n. 消耗;消耗量;消费→____________ vt.消费;消耗;使充满(强烈的感情)→consumer n.消费者
　assumption　
　intense　
　expansion　
　consume　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
9.______________ vt.产生;引起→generation n. 一代(人);产生,发生
10.envision vt.展望;想象→__________ n.视力;视野;想象;影像;幻象;异象
11.___________ n.现实;实际情况;事实→real adj.真实的→really adv.真正地
12.____________ adj.含盐的;咸的→ salt n. 盐
13.extend v. 延伸;延长;扩大→_____________ n.扩建部分;扩大;电话分机→extensive adj.广泛的;大量的
　generate　
　vision　
　reality　
　salty　
　extension　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
14._______________ adj.与化学有关的;化学的n. 化学制品;化学品→chemistry n.化学;化学组成→chemist n.化学家;药剂师
15._______________ n.营养;滋养→nutritious adj. 营养丰富的;有营养的→nutritional adj.营养(物)的→ malnutrition n.营养不良
16.poor adj. 贫穷的;可怜的→___________ n. 贫穷;贫困
17.deep adj. 深的;纵深的 → ___________n. 向下(或向里)的距离;深(度)
18.___________ adv.全部地;完整地;完全地→entire adj.全部的;完整的;完全的
　chemical　
　nutrition　
　poverty　
　depth　
　entirely　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
二、单句语法填空
1.In an ideal world there would be no ____________(poor) and disease.
2.Her childhood dream became a ___________(real) when she went on stage as the lead actress.
3.Bethune, a _____________friend of Chinese, ____________his life to helping Chinese. I really respect his _______________to medical work.(devote)
4.The underlying _______________(assume) is that the amount of money
　poverty　
　reality　
　devoted　
　devoted　
　devotion　
　assumption　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
available is limited.
5.If you are in need of a deadline _____________(extend), simply explain the situation to the professor.
6.She devoted herself ____________(entire) to her research and earned a good reputation in her field.
7.We felt at home with her and were impressed with the _________(deep) of her knowledge.
8.As a nation, our ________________(consume) of junk food is horrifying
　extension　
　entirely　
　depth　
　consumption　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
and it’s time for us to do something about it.
9.Most people in Africa still struggle against natural disasters and lead a miserable life for lack of _____________(nutrition) food.
10.The ____________of exercise led to his weakness. So he ____________ his time of playing computer games to take exercise.(short)
11.My teacher’s ________________words finally _____________me to get rid of my bad habits, which were bad for my health.(convince)
12.A student’s vocabulary ______________through reading. In turn, the 　
　nutritious　
　shortage　
　shortened　
　convincing　
　convinced　
　expands　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
______________of the vocabulary contributes to digesting the reading materials.(expand)
13.It is quite common to see that people here still wear their hair short and dress ____________________(convention).
14.It is abundantly clear that even the fast food business is ____________ (intense) competitive.
15.Salt takes in plenty of water, so most bacteria cannot live in a ________ (salt) environment.
expansion　
　conventionally　
　intensely　
　salty　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
16.The wind farm may be able to _______________(generation) enough electricity for 2,000 homes.
17.She _______________(vision) that in five years the campus will have a large gymnasium.
　generate　
　envisions　
第二步:辨短语　 　短语点兵(必会+出彩)
必会短语
1.把……用于;献身;致力;专心　_______________　
2.包括;包含;由……组成(或构成) _______________________　
3.在内心深处;本质上;实际上 ______________　
4.相应地;转而;依次;轮流 _______________　
5.例如;比如 __________________　
　devote... to
　be comprised of
　deep down
　in turn
　for instance
第二步:辨短语　 　短语点兵(必会+出彩)
出彩短语
1._____________ the crisis 处理危机
2.attain a higher yield 获得更高的产量
3.overcome enormous technical difficulties克服巨大的技术难题
4.work the land 种地
5.______________ a career 追求一份事业
6.through intense effort 通过巨大的努力
　tackle　
　pursue　
第二步:辨短语　 　短语点兵(必会+出彩)
7.expand the output 扩大产量
8.given that 鉴于;考虑到
9.(retire to) a life of leisure (退休后)过悠闲的生活
10.care little for celebrity or money不在乎名誉和金钱
11.fulfil one’s dream 实现某人的梦想
12.focus on 集中于
13.far ___________the case 远非如此
　from　
第二步:辨短语　 　短语点兵(必会+出彩)
14.be in _______________use 广泛使用
15.switch to 转向
16.keep... free from/of 使……免受(影响、伤害等);使……不含(有害物)
17.serve the high demand for... 满足对……的高需求
18._______________ 完全不,远不及
19.care for 照看,照顾;喜欢
20.cut down 砍倒
　widespread　
　nowhere near　
第二步:辨短语　 　短语点兵(必会+出彩)
21.at home and abroad 在国内外
22.depend on 依赖;依靠
23.boost yields 提高产量
24.have a ________________of... 缺乏……
　shortage　
第二步:辨短语　 　短语点兵(必会+出彩)
三、短语填空
1.It is said that this medical team _________________(由……组成) many famous medical experts.
2.Theories originate from practice and ___________(转而) serve practice.
3.With more and more trees _____________(砍倒), large quantities of soil are being washed away.
4.______________ (鉴于) his family was poor, what he did deserved to be respected.
　is comprised of　
　in turn　
　cut down　
　Given that　
第二步:辨短语　 　短语点兵(必会+出彩)
5.________________ (实际上;本质上), it is humans who should take responsibility for natural disasters.
6.What’s more, robots can deal with emergencies. _______________(比如), if an old man falls ill suddenly, the robot will call doctors for help.
7.Some people begin to envision success ahead, but this is still
___________________(远非如此) and efforts have to be reinforced in this area.
8.Winter is coming, and a thick cover should be put on the vegetables to
　Deep down　
　For instance　
　far from the case　
第二步:辨短语　 　短语点兵(必会+出彩)
keep them ______________(免于) cold.
9.As I stepped into Senior 3, I had to 　devote　 most of my spare time　__________ (把……用于) studying.
10.Our wonderful vision of space travel is _________________(远不及) a reality. It still has a long way to go.
11.I don’t really ______________(喜欢) spicy food—it always leaves my tongue tingling and my eyes watering.
12.It’s our parents’ hope that we students should resist temptations but
　free of/from　
to　
　nowhere near　
　care for　
第二步:辨短语　 　短语点兵(必会+出彩)
just ______________(集中在) study and exams alone.
13.While _________________(休闲的生活) may be appealing to many, the fact is that work is important to our overall lifestyle and identity.
14.According to the latest research, many companies _________________　(缺乏) skilled staff.
15.To live a low carbon life, some people now ______________(转向) bike sharing and many other electric cars as an alternative.
　focus on　
　a life of leisure　
have a shortage of
　switch to　
第三步:明句式　 　句式提升(经典+仿写)
1.[课文原句]Indeed, his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he had devoted his life.确实,他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。
[句式]that 指代上文提到的同类事物
[仿写]我更喜欢住在农村的原因是那里的空气比城市的空气新鲜得多。
The reason why I prefer to live in the countryside is that the air is much fresher than __________of the city.
　that　
第三步:明句式　 　句式提升(经典+仿写)
2.[课文原句] However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.然而,最让他担心的是,农民常常收成不好,有时甚至严重缺乏吃的食物。
[句式]what引导主语从句
[仿写]老师说的话让我想起了“有志者,事竟成”这句著名的谚语。
_________________________reminds me of the famous saying, “Where there is a will, there is a way.”
　What the teacher said　
第三步:明句式　 　句式提升(经典+仿写)
3.[课文原句]Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed China’s farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year.据估算,现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物,这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。
[句式]It is estimated that... 据估算/计……
第三步:明句式　 　句式提升(经典+仿写)
[仿写]据估计,这个新的城市公园每年将吸引一百多万游客,大大促进当地
的旅游业发展。
_____________________the new city park will attract over a million visitors each year, significantly boosting the local tourism.
　It is estimated that　
第三步:明句式　 　句式提升(经典+仿写)
4.[课文原句]Why different crops are grown is that they put important minerals back into the ground, making it ready for the next batch of crops.
为什么要种植不同作物是因为它们把重要的矿物质放回地里,让土壤为下一批作物(的种植)做好准备。
[句式]现在分词短语作结果状语
[仿写]如今,违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾并不少见,这对我们的生活和环境造成了严重的危害。
第三步:明句式　 　句式提升(经典+仿写)
These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon, ________________________to our life and the environment.
　causing serious harm　
第三步:明句式　 　句式提升(经典+仿写)
5.[课文原句]Given that Yuan’s hybrids made him quite wealthy, one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure.考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有,人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。
[句式]given that引导状语从句
[仿写] 鉴于你对中国传统文化如此感兴趣,我邀请你参加我们学校的文化艺术节。
____________________________________________________________, I invite you to take part in the Culture and Arts Festival in our school.
　Given that you are so interested in traditional Chinese culture　
第四步:析语篇　 　课文填空(改编+考点)
Yuan Longping, 1._________ (know) as the “father of hybrid rice”, was one of China’s most famous scientists. Yet, he considered 2.___________ 　(him) a farmer because he continually worked the land in his research. Indeed, his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to 3.___________ he had devoted his life.
After 4._______________________ (graduate) in 1953, he worked as a researcher. Yuan Longping realised that larger fields were not the solution. Instead, farmers needed 5.__________ (boost) yields in the fields they had.
　known　
　himself
　whom　
　graduating/graduation　
　to boost　
第四步:析语篇　 　课文填空(改编+考点)
How this could be done was a 6._______________ (challenge) question at the time. Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. A hybrid is a cross between two or more 7.　_________ (variety) of a species. One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops. However, whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate. The common 8._______________ (assume) then was that it could not be done. Through intense effort, Yuan overcame
　challenging　
varieties　
　assumption　
第四步:析语篇　 　课文填空(改编+考点)
enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice 9.________ 　 could be used for farming in 1974. This hybrid enabled farmers to expand their output 10.____________ (great).
　that
　greatly　
第二层高考拓展视角
第二层高考拓展视角
Ⅰ.阅读理解障碍词(写出黑体词的词性和中文意思以及黑体短语的中文意思)
1.[2025.1·浙江全国Ⅰ卷]Compared to traditional garden plots, they increase carbon absorption, reduce stormwater runoff and boost habitat and biodiversity significantly.__________________ 　
2.[2023·新全国Ⅰ卷]In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude(独处) and the necessity of cultivating high quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use.　____________
　v.改善;促进
n.休闲　
第二层高考拓展视角
3.[2023·新全国Ⅱ卷]As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find.____________
4.[2023.1·浙江全国Ⅰ卷]The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations._____________ 　
5.[2023·新全国Ⅱ卷]“We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human nature interactions back into our daily lives.And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it,” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study.___________ 　
　adj.都市的
　n.习俗
　v.创造
第二层高考拓展视角
6.[2023.1·浙江全国Ⅰ卷]Often, they’ll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds._______________ 　
7.[2022·新全国Ⅰ卷]In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against the moral grain,” as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story.___________________ 　
8.Wilson received several international awards for his great contributions.He lost his sight but found a vision. __________________________
　n.化学物质
　违反道德常理
　n.远见;对未来的想法　
第二层高考拓展视角
9.According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake.____________
　n.消费　
第二层高考拓展视角
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s, allowing for a new generation of virtual _____________(real).
2.The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water _______________(short).
3.A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the ______________(assume) that they might make a nice blow up for one of the visitors’ centres.
　reality　
　shortage　
　assumption　
第二层高考拓展视角
4.You also need to judge the quality and ___________(deep) of your motivation.
5.Many students are in favour of wearing the traditional Chinese clothes, 　________________ (assume) they can reflect Chinese culture.
6.She is cooking up a storm in her latest role—showing families how to prepare delicious and _____________(nutrition) meals on a tight budget.
　depth　
assuming　
　nutritious　
第二层高考拓展视角
Ⅲ.词汇与高考写作链接
1.赏词猜义(写出黑体词的词性和中文意思)
(1)①Sit still and allow your meal to digest.____________
②This chapter is so difficult to digest. I’ll have to read it again later.
___________　
③I only read this digest of the novel, so I don’t know the details.
__________　
　v.消化　
　v.理解
　n.摘要
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(2)I will never yield to the temporary difficulties I am facing now. _________________ 　
(3)Overcome with emotion, she found herself unable to speak for a few minutes._____________________________________ 　
(4)Passing my driving test was such a boost to my confidence.　___________________
(5)Many consumers are now preferring domestic products over imported ones, contributing to the growth of local businesses._____________ 　
　v.屈服;让步
　v.被……所控制;受到……的极大影响
n.提高,增强　
　adj.国内的
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(6)Their constant arguments are putting a strain on their marriage.
_______________
(7)The bar has recently extended its opening hours._____________
　n.压力　
　v.延长　
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2.完成句子
(1)_____________________________________ (致力于获得博士学位), he spares no effort to study every day.
(2)It is high time/about time that we took/should take some effective measures to ________________________________(解决污染问题).
(3)The champion team was presented with an award and the leader addressed a speech which ______________________(提升……的士气) all the volleyball teams.
　Devoted to attaining a doctor’s degree　
　tackle the problem of pollution　
　boosted the morale of　
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(4)I _______________________(相信) you can stand out among so many candidates owing to your brilliance __________________(在每方面).
(5)__________________________________ (提高我们的……能力是必不可少的) to communicate properly and address difficulties.
(6)The need for speed is so ____________________(根深蒂固) modern society that we often forget to press pause and think about the things that get better with time.
　am convinced that　
　in every aspect　
　It is essential to improve our ability　
　deeply rooted in　
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(7)Faced with such a highly contagious disease then,
we ___________________________________________(别无选择,只能待在家里) to alleviate the serious situation.
(8)The heavy rain continued for three days,
__________________________________________________________(淹没了许多房屋,对村庄造成了巨大的破坏).
　had no alternative/choice but to stay at home　
　flooding many houses and causing great damage to the village　
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3.品词赏句
(1)The end of the book isn’t very convincing.It leaves much to be desired.
这本书的结尾不太令人信服。它还有很多不足之处。
(2)Whenever your emotion is out of control, just keep in mind that only by possessing a good state of mind can you attain success.
当你的情绪失控时,请记住:只有拥有良好的心态,你才能获得成功。
(3)Faced with so many new things to learn, I was overcome by fear and was at a loss.面对这么多要学习的新事物,我充满恐惧,不知所措。
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(4)You are industrious, spending almost all of your time on teaching and even sacrificing much of your leisure time.
你很勤奋,几乎把所有的时间都花在教学上,甚至牺牲了很多闲暇时间。
(5)The opportunity had gone and his mind scrabbled for alternatives.
机会已经失去了,他苦苦思索别的方案。
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(6)Only by comparing ourselves with others can we know the aspects we
are weak in, and we’ll make efforts to improve ourselves to a higher level.
只有通过与他人的比较,我们才能知道自己的弱点,并努力将自己提升到一个更高的水平。
(7)The global water shortage is becoming increasingly severe mainly due to global warming,environmental pollution and the ever increasing population.
主要由于全球变暖、环境污染和人口不断增长,全球水资源短缺日益严重。
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(8)Over time, however, what some scientists have found is that their long term use can harm both the land and people’s health.
然而,随着时间的推移,一些科学家发现,它们的长期使用对土地和人们的健康都有危害。
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4.语篇美文
假定你是李华,你校英文报正在征集关于著名科学家袁隆平的事迹及其科学精神的文章。请你写一篇短文投稿。
注意:
(1)写作词数应为80左右;(2)可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
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[参考范文]
Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice”, was one of China’s most distinguished scientists. Yet he labelled himself as a farmer for he was constantly labouring on the land in his life.
Yuan was born in 1930 in Beijing. After graduating from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953, he worked as a researcher to pursue a career in agriculture. At that moment, he realised the key to tackling hunger was to boost yields in the fields. Over the following years, he
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overcame great technical difficulties.Through intense and tireless effort, he successfully developed the first hybrid rice, which enabled farmers to expand their output greatly.
Owing to his invaluable contributions, Yuan received numerous prizes at home and abroad. He was so unselfish that he devoted his achievements to helping other countries.What impressed people most about Yuan Longping was his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams, which will inspire us youth forever.

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