资源简介

(共39张PPT)
Unit 2
Thinking out of the box
Period 3　Grammar and composition
规则学习与运用
内容索引
学习目标
活动方案
1. Learn and understand idioms;
2. Figure out the meanings of some important expressions.
【答案】 老师可自行设计
Step Ⅰ： Check and review.
Ⅰ. Summarize the main idea of the passage in Part A on P20 with about 30 words.
【答案】 A makerspace is a workshop with endless creative possibilities, where “fail” stands for “first attempt in learning”， which aims to encourage inquiring young minds to gather together to share ideas, innovate and invent things.
Ⅱ. Complete the exercises in Parts A & B on P20—21.
【答案】 略
Step Ⅱ： Explore and apply.
Ⅰ. 单句语境填词，注意词的词性和词形。
1. ___________ is a collaborative workspace for making, learning, exploring and sharing that uses high tech to no tech tools.
2. The children are already learning to __________ and divide.
3. All this helps children to develop an _____________ attitude to learning.
4. She wrote the book in __________________ with one of her students.
5. They are cheating but are ________________ enough to avoid detection..
Step Ⅲ： Consolidate and feed back.
Makerspace
multiply
inquiring
collaboration
sophisticated
6. Open _____________(工作台) can be used and distributed free of charge throughout an enterprise.
7. Mr Wall asked if I would help him clean out the _________(垃圾箱).
8. The department is blazing a trail in the field of ______(激光器) surgery.
9. She learnt her ______(手艺) from an old master.　
10. I don't think this __________(手镯) is really my style either.
workbenches
bins
laser
craft
bracelet
Ⅱ. 从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语填空。
bounce; be stocked with; gather together; claim back；lack; be devoted to; stand for; experiment with
1. It will take time for our economy to fully __________ back.
2. He believes that students should be encouraged ___________________ bold ideas.
3. The front page _____________________ the continuing report of the event from tomorrow on.
bounce
to experiment with
will be devoted to
4. The voters should by now be in no doubt what the parties ___________.
5. His family members __________________ and serve a traditional Chinese meal once a week.
6. They were imprisoned and ____________ of their basic rights.
7. The kitchen cupboard _____________________ tins of soup and food, so I didn't buy anything more.
8. Buy the special supplies for the company, and ___________ their cost.
stand for
gather together
lacking
was stocked with
claim back
Ⅲ. 完成句子。
1. 我们所承受的压力，如今已经成了现代生活不可或缺的一部分。
We all suffer from stress, and it has become _________________________.
2. 与此同时，技术将突飞猛进，给我们带来很多好处。
Meanwhile technology will have come on ____________________, which will bring us a lot of benefit.
3. 新桥定于九月份动工。
Work on the new bridge __________________ in September.
part and parcel of modern life
in leaps and bounds
is due to begin
4. 你的头发你想怎么染就怎么染，这与我无关。
You can dye your hair ___________________________, which is none of my business.
5. 每个月我们都登载最好的文章，还有最新的时尚美容资讯。
Every month we'll deliver the very best articles, _________________ _____________________________.
6. 她一旦决定做什么，谁也改变不了她的主意。
_____________________________________, you won't change her mind.
whatever colour you like
together with the
latest fashion and beauty news
Once she decides to do something
7. 你可以在别人那里得到建议，也可以和他人一起探讨问题。
You can get suggestions from others, you can also _______________ _______________.
8. 我和弟弟在那高高的，摇摇晃晃的楼梯上跑来跑去，不亦乐乎。
My brother and I ______________________________ the tall, shaky steps.
bounce ideas off
other people
had great fun running up and down
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空。
1. There will be a prize for the most ___________(innovate) design.
2. I feel there is something ____________(lack) in my life.
3. Her boss was very ___________(support) and gave her time off work to see her mum.
4. The company has lost a lot of business to its _____________(compete).
5. The car is in ___________(remarkable) good condition for its age.
Step Ⅳ： Homework.
innovative
lacking
supportive
competitors
remarkably
6. This is the lesson I took from my mother: If perfection were possible, it would not be ___________(motivate).
7. James Bond is known for his ____________________(sophisticate), his style and his sense of class.
8. There may be a link between madness and ___________(create).
motivating
sophistication
creativity
Ⅱ. 阅读理解。
A
Graphic Novel(漫画小说) Making Contest 2023
June 1—July 31, 2023
All comics fans, artists, and storytellers: You are invited to enter San José Public Library's Graphic Novel Making Contest for all ages.
Submission Guidelines
● Create your own graphic novel with a maximum length of 8 pages.
● Each submission must be the creative and original work of the submitting author/illustrator.
● Computer generated images are acceptable as long as they are your original work.
● Entries are encouraged to be submitted digitally by emailing to graphicnovels@sjlibrary.org(as a PNG, JPEG, or PDF attachment). Digital entries can be submitted no later than 11：59 p．m. on July 31, 2023.
● Entries can also be submitted to any operating San José Public Library location no later than the end of the business day on July 31, 2023.
Age Groups and Prizes
● Children(0—9) & Pre teens(10—12): Gift and art supply baskets awarded for first, second, and third place winners of each group. Art supply pouches(小袋子) for two honourable mention winners of each group.
● Teens(13—17): First place $100; second place $75; third place $50. Art supply pouches for two honourable mention winners.
● Adults(18＋): First place $100; second place $75; third place $50. An art supply pouch for one honourable mention winner.
All cash prizes will be awarded as gift cards.
Awards Ceremony
Save the date for our virtual Awards Ceremony on August 28, 2023 at 2：00—4：00 p．m. At this awards ceremony, contest winners will be announced and guest speakers will offer inspirational messages to contest participants. Register to receive a videoconferencing invitation.
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2023年漫画小说制作比赛的相关事宜。
( ) 1.Which of the following will result in disqualification
A. Submitting computer generated images.
B. Emailing your entry on July 30, 2023.
C. Sending a graphic novel of 10 pages.
D. Mailing your entry to San José Public Library.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据Submission Guidelines中的第一点“Create your own graphic novel with a maximum length of 8 pages.”可知，参赛作品的最大长度限制是8页，所以一部长度为10页的漫画小说将会被取消参赛资格。故选C。
C
(　　) 2. What will a 16 year old first prize winner get
A. $75 in cash.　 B. A $100 gift card.
C. An art supply pouch.　 D. A gift and art supply basket.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据Age Groups and Prizes中的第二点“Teens(13—17): First place $100; second place $75; third place $50. Art supply pouches for two honourable mention winners.”以及最后一句“All cash prizes will be awarded as gift cards.”可知，一位16岁的第一名获奖者将会得到一张价值100美元的礼品卡。故选B。
B
(　　) 3. What do we know about the Awards Ceremony
A. It will be held online.
B. It will take place on July 31, 2023.
C. Winners will give speeches at it.
D. Winners will get its invitation in advance.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据Awards Ceremony中的“Save the date for our virtual Awards Ceremony on August 28, 2023 at 2：00—4：00 p．m.”和“Register to receive a videoconferencing invitation.”可知，此次漫画小说竞赛的颁奖典礼将在线上举行。故选A。
A
B
Kimberly Arcand, a visualization scientist for NASA, has made it her life's work to help tell the stories of space. Having authored several astrophysics(天体物理学) nonfiction books over the years, Arcand recently turned her attention to children's books. She released Goodnight Exomoon last year, an “astronomical parody”， which takes the classic children's book Goodnight Moon and explores planetary science in a way that is readable for the very young.
The idea, Arcand says, was born when her own children refused to sleep. “I would read for hours to try to get them to go to sleep and they loved Goodnight Moon. One day I could not imagine reading Goodnight Moon again so I started creating stories based on it，” says Arcand. She wrote down one of the versions of her playful parody, and then put it in a drawer where it stayed for nearly a decade.
Then, in 2018, scientists found what they believed was the first exomoon orbiting the exoplanet known as Kepler 1625b. “With that first exomoon candidate, it reminded me that I had written the story，” says Arcand. So, the scientist pulled her would be book out of the drawer and brought it to life.
“In the great telescope room there was a telephone, an atmospheric balloon, and a picture of a satellite flying by the moon …” begins the story, setting readers in a room that houses a huge telescope. The story goes on to introduce children to some of the more modern tools that astronomers use, like accelerometers, micrometers and satellites, teaching them about astronomical objects like comets and exomoons.
Arcand hopes the book will excite “space fans”， and that it will inspire children and especially young girls to see the field of science as one that is approachable. This desire drives Arcand's scientific work, as well. When not penning parodies, Arcand spends her time making complex concepts and theories more accessible to a variety of audiences, from fellow researchers to students and the general public.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了美国国家航空航天局的可视化科学家Kimberly Arcand将帮助讲述太空故事作为她毕生的工作，本文讲述了她创作Goodnight Exomoon这本书的经过以及这本书的内容。
(　　) 4. What do we know about Goodnight Exomoon
A. It is a classic astrophysics nonfiction book.
B. It is a continuation of Goodnight Moon.
C. It is accessible to young readers.
D. It is produced by NASA.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“She released Goodnight Exomoon last year, an ‘astronomical parody’， which takes the classic children's book Goodnight Moon and explores planetary science in a way that is readable for the very young.”可知，Goodnight Exomoon容易被年轻读者接受。故选C。
C
(　　) 5. What motivated Arcand to write Goodnight Exomoon
A. The discovery of Kepler 1625b.
B. The lack of science books for children.
C. Her great love for the book Goodnight Moon.
D. Her experience of reading bedtime stories to her kids.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“The idea, Arcand says, was born when her own children… again so I started creating stories based on it，’ says Arcand.”可知，Arcand给孩子读睡前故事的经历促使她写Goodnight Exomoon这本书。故选D。
D
(　　) 6. What can readers learn from Goodnight Exomoon
A. History of moon exploration. B. Tools for space exploration.
C. Stories of famous astronauts. D. Possibilities for space travel.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The story goes on to introduce children to some of the more modern tools that astronomers use, like accelerometers, micrometers and satellites, teaching them about astronomical objects like comets and exomoons.”可知，读者能从Goodnight Exomoon这本书中了解到用于太空探索的工具。故选B。
B
(　　) 7. What does Arcand devote herself to doing
A. Spreading knowledge of space.
B. Giving training to female scientists.
C. Inspiring more researchers to pen books.
D. Recommending more books to space fans.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“When not penning parodies, Arcand spends her time making complex concepts and theories more accessible to a variety of audiences, from fellow researchers to students and the general public.”以及全文语境可知，Arcand致力于传播太空知识。故选A。
A
Ⅲ. 语法填空。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese tourism industry is 1.________ (relative) young but very attractive. With 288 billion dollars spent worldwide in 2018, Chinese tourists' spending represents a quarter of global tourism spending.
Nowadays travelling is 2.______________ (convenient) than some years ago and visiting a foreign country is as common as moving in China. 3._______ this reason, when Chinese tourists plan their holiday, they often have the dilemma 4._________ it is better to move abroad or to stay in China.
relatively
more convenient
For
whether
China 5.____ (have) the largest outbound tourists market. Indeed, more than 71 million Chinese tourists travelled abroad in 2018, 15 percent more than 6._____ previous year. This phenomenon is due to different 7.________ (factor), the first one being rising incomes. The middle class has the means 8.__________ (travel) outside China. The second one is an increase in online information with a content of quality. Word of mouth and recommendations from friends are the most 9.__________ (favour) source of information of Chinese tourists. The third factor would be friendlier visa policies from foreign governments, 10._______ contributes to the boom.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了近年来中国出境旅游市场的迅速发展。
has
the
factors
to travel
favoured
which
1. 【解析】 考查副词。句意：中国旅游业相对年轻，但很有吸引力。relative的副词形式为relatively，意为“相对地”，修饰该句中的形容词young，作状语。故填relatively。
2. 【解析】 考查形容词的比较级。句意：现在旅行比几年前更方便了，出国游如同国内游一样常见。根据空后的than 可知，此处指“更方便”，是形容词的比较级用法。故填more convenient。
3. 【解析】 考查介词。句意：因为这个原因，当中国游客计划度假时，他们往往会陷入两难的境地，是境外游好还是境内游好。分析句意可知，此处表示“因为”，该空后是名词this reason，该空应填介词for表示原因，且位于句首，首字母大写。故填For。
4. 【解析】 考查连接词。句意见上题解析。分析句子结构可知，这是一个同位语从句，该空应填连接词引导从句，whether…or…意为“是……还是……”，因此，连接词应用whether。故填whether。
5. 【解析】 考查时态。句意：中国拥有最大的出境旅游市场。分析句意可知，阐述客观事实，谓语动词用一般现在时，主语China 是单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数has。故填has。
6. 【解析】 考查冠词。句意：事实上，2018年有7 100多万中国游客出国旅游，比前一年增加了15%。特指前一年，即2017年，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
7. 【解析】 考查名词复数。句意：这种现象是由不同的因素造成的，首先是收入的增加。根据下文可知，造成这种现象的原因有几个不同的因素，factor意为“因素”，是可数名词，结合空前的different可知，此处表示复数含义，应用复数形式factors。故填factors。
8. 【解析】 考查动词不定式。句意：中产阶级有出国旅游的渠道。分析句子结构可知，此处用动词不定式to travel作后置定语，修饰名词means。故填to travel。
9. 【解析】 考查形容词。句意：口碑和朋友的推荐是对中国游客最有利的信息来源。空后的source为名词，因此空处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词。favour的形容词形式为favoured。故填favoured。
10. 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意：第三个因素是外国政府更为友好的签证政策，这有助于迅速发展。分析句子结构可知，这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是policies，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
Ⅳ. 自我拓展提升。
积累阅读语块(整理自己感兴趣的单词、短语、经典句)。
谢谢观看
Thank you for watching(共62张PPT)
Unit 2
Thinking out of the box
Period 2　Language focus on Reading(2)
语言学习与运用
内容索引
学习目标
活动方案
1. Learn and use the chunks like：
words: cork; beam; electromagnetic; intuitive; hypothetical; trace; disprove; paradox; hypothesis; cannonball; curve
phrases: figure out; put simply; function as
sentence patterns：
This intuitive thinking later played an important role in the development of his special theory of relativity, as Einstein acknowledged in his 1949 Autobiographical Notes.
Put simply, they are experiments carried out in the laboratory of the mind; in other words, they take place in the imagination.
As we explore the world in greater depth, we may reach a point where it is impossible to run an experimental scenario in the real world due to physical, ethical or financial limitations.
In such circumstances, we move into the area of thought experiments, which function as a valuable means to test the limits of our knowledge and advance our understanding of the world.
With the birth of modern science, thought experiments became an important tool for scientists, especially in physics.
With logical reasoning, thought experiments are capable of putting forward a new theory and supporting or disproving an existing theory.
Using the power of the mind, Galileo was able to expose the paradox and prove Aristotle wrong.
With hypothetical situations, thought experiments allow us to explore the outcome of a given hypothesis which has real life significance.
By adopting new and innovative ways of thinking, we may arrive at surprising conclusions.
2. Write a short article according to the hints, using the chunks that have been learnt.
Review the text of “Thought experiments: the laboratory of the mind” by retelling it in your own words. You may begin like this：
The text is mainly about…， which…
From the text, we may learn that…
Step Ⅰ： Check and review.
【答案】 The text is mainly about thought experiments, which take place in the imagination.
From the text, we may learn that today thought experiments are regularly used in the areas of philosophy, economics and the sciences. Functioning as a valuable means to test the limits of our knowledge and advance our understanding of the world, thought experiments can stimulate debate and lead to a more thorough understanding of the topic in question, allowing us to explore the outcome of a given hypothesis which has real life significance with hypothetical situations.
Ⅰ. Read the words in the word bank and figure out the meanings of them.
Word bank：
名词：paradox; hypothesis; cannonball
动词：disprove
形容词&副词：electromagnetic; intuitive; hypothetical
多种词性：cork; beam; trace; curve
Step Ⅱ： Focus and learn.
Ⅱ. Match the words on the left with the explanations on the right.
( ) 1. paradox 　　　　 A. a large metal or stone ball that is fired from a cannon
( ) 2. hypothesis 　 B. to show that sth is wrong or false
(　) 3. cannonball　 C. a line of light, electric waves or particles
(　) 4. curve　 D. a line or surface that bends gradually; a smooth bend
( ) 5. cork E. a statement containing two opposite ideas that make it seem
impossible or unlikely, although it is probably true　
(　) 6. beam　 F. an idea or explanation of sth that is based on a few known
facts but that has not yet been proved to be true or correct
(　) 7. disprove　 G. having both electrical and magnetic characteristics (or
properties)
( ) 8. electromagnetic　 H. obtained by using your feelings rather than by considering
the facts　
( ) 9. intuitive　 I. to find or discover sb/sth by looking carefully for them/it
( )10. trace　 J. a light, soft material that is the thick bark of a type of
Mediterranean oak tree
E
F
A
D
J
C
B
G
H
I
Ⅲ. Find the following expressions from the text according to the Chinese below.
1. 思维实验　____________________
2. 以光的速度 ______________________
3. 一束光 __________________
4. 直觉思维 _____________________
5. 简而言之 ___________
thought experiments
at the speed of light
a beam of light
intuitive thinking
put simply
6. 设置一些假设情况 ______________________________
7. 更深入探索世界 ______________________________
8. 随着现代科学的诞生 _____________________________________
9. 提出新理论 ___________________________
10. 两个相互矛盾的结果 ____________________________
set up some hypothetical situation
explore the world in greater depth
with the birth of modern science
put forward a new theory
two contradictory outcomes
Ⅳ. Complete Part B on P19 of the textbook and finish the exercises below.
1. 单句语法填空。
(1) After ___________________(encourage) by what Jane said, Peter walked to the centre of the stage.
(2) Those always_____________(associate) money with happiness may never feel happy, for they are never content.
(3) As a _____________(consequent), he failed in the exam.
(4) The famous star has _____________(contribute) a lot of money to the school and has made a great contribution to the building of the school.
being encouraged
associating
consequence
contributed
(5) Efforts are being made to test whether the approach to the research is ___________(science).
(6) The terrible car accident is believed by the police ________________ (occur) two weeks ago.
(7) Many new couples conveyed their strong desire that they ____________(adopt) the children losing their parents in the flood.
(8) They investigated the problem ___________(thorough) before making the decision.
(9) I believe you will have a wonderful time here ______ you get to know everyone else.
(10) _______________________ scientists have learnt a lot about the universe, there is much we still don't know.
scientific
to have occurred
would adopt
thoroughly
once/if
Although/Though/While
2. 用所给词的适当形式填空。
(1) You don't get any intellectual _____________ in this job. Could this new job provide a _____________ environment？(stimulate)
(2) The paper offers some _____________ information for imagery training research and application. You will get a perfect result time after time if you follow these ____________.(instruct)
(3) You are unable to be ___________ to the area without permission. But you've illegally __________ and misused confidential security files.(access)
(4) We are faced with two apparently __________________ statements. How can we resolve this apparent ________________？(contradict)
stimulation
stimulating
instructive
instructions
accessible
accessed
contradictory
contradiction
(5) Immigrants have _____________ to British culture in many ways. Their ____________ was of great worth.(contribute)
(6) I admire the clear, ____________ presentation of her arguments. She always thinks _____________ and is determined to do things correctly.(logic)
(7) Our future prosperity depends on __________ growth. Falling interest rates may help to bolster up the ____________.(economics)
(8) The book is an __________ of poverty and its causes, in which I have an ___________ approach to every survey.(analyze)
contributed
contribution
logical
logically
economic
economy
analysis
analytical
(9) Research on the matter is far from __________. So these ____________ cannot be generalized to the whole country.(conclusion)
(10) For the sake of ___________, let's divide the discussion into two parts. However, it wasn't quite as __________ as I thought it would be.(simply)
conclusive
conclusions
simplicity
simple
Ⅴ. Build your sentences through paraphrase and imitation.
1. Put simply, they are experiments carried out in the laboratory of the mind; in other words, they take place in the imagination.
[Paraphrase] __________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________
[Imitation] ___________________________________________________
简单地说，你们要么接受他们的条件，要么破产。
In brief, they are experiments that are carried out in the
laboratory of the mind, that is to say, they take place in the imagination.
Put simply, you either accept their terms or go bankrupt.
2. As we explore the world in greater depth, we may reach a point where it is impossible to run an experimental scenario in the real world due to physical, ethical or financial limitations.
[Paraphrase] __________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________
[Imitation] ____________________________________________________ _____________________
中华民族到了这生死存亡的关头。
As we explore the world more deeply, due to physical, ethical
or financial limits, we may not be able to run experimental scenarios in the real
world.
The Chinese nation has reached a point where its very existence
is at stake.
3. In such circumstances, we move into the area of thought experiments, which function as a valuable means to test the limits of our knowledge and advance our understanding of the world.
[Paraphrase] __________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________
[Imitation] ___________________________________________________
在这种情况下，他说的话没有发挥应有的作用。
In this case, we enter the field of thought experiments, which
is a valuable means to test the limitations of our knowledge and promote our
understanding of the world.
In the circumstances, what he said didn't function as it should.
4. While the term “thought experiment” originated in the 19th century, the use of thought experiments can be traced much further back, when ancient philosophers used them to explore difficult questions.
[Paraphrase] __________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________
[Imitation] __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________
虽然我们知道饮茶起源于中国，但是茶的传说可以追溯到5 000年前。现在，饮茶已成为许多国家文化的一部分。
Although the words “thought experiment” were born in the
19th century, the use of thought experiments can date from a longer time ago. At
that time, ancient philosophers used them to explore difficult problems.
While we know that tea drinking originated in China, the
legend of tea can be traced back to 5,000 years ago. Tea drinking has also become
part of many countries' culture now.
5. With hypothetical situations, thought experiments allow us to explore the outcome of a given hypothesis which has real life significance.
[Paraphrase] __________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________
[Imitation] ___________________________________________________ _____________________________
假设情况如此，这条线索真的不允许我们探索真实的历史。
Under hypothetical situations, thought experiments enable us
to explore the results of given assumptions with practical significance.
With these hypothetical situations, this thread won't really allow
us to explore actual history.
6. They also help us stretch our minds by confronting and considering difficult questions.　
[Paraphrase] __________________________________________________ _________________________________
[Imitation] ___________________________________________________ __________________________________________________
通过应对从不同方向传来的球，可以帮助训练你的反应和拓展你的思维。
They also help us expand our thought by facing and thinking
about difficult problems.
By confronting balls coming from different directions, you can
help train your reaction and stretch your thought.
7. Why not ask our own “What if …” questions
[Paraphrase] ________________________________________
[Imitation] ___________________________________________________ _______________________________________
你们的老师经验那么丰富，为什么不去向他寻求如何学习英语的建议呢？
Why don't we ask our own “What if …” questions
Your teacher is so experienced, so why not ask him for some
advice on how to learn English
Ⅰ. 用本课词汇替换下列句子中的画线部分。
1. Natural disasters have obviously led to the continent's economic crisis. ______________
2. His inference is perfectly sound, but he misses the point. _________
3. She could follow her family tree back to the 16th century.____
4. The left part of the project should be accomplished. _________
Step Ⅲ： Consolidate and feed back.
contributed to
reasoning
trace
remaining
5. Over the years several similar theories have been proposed. _________
6. Others had found out ways to cope with the new problems. __________
7. He suddenly smiled, revealing a mouthful of snow white teeth. __________
8. We can safely summarize that computers are more a blessing then a disaster.__________
9. It's nice to have people agree, but you need conflicting views of point to dig out the truth.____________
10. Your decision on this matter is crucially important to our future. ___________
put forward
figured out
exposing
conclude
perspectives
critically
Ⅱ. 从方框中选择恰当的短语填空。
be capable of; figure out; carry out; crash down；contribute to; be considered as; slow down; put simply
1. Well, ___________, these are not the chairs my wife and I selected in your store last week.
2. Researchers say several factors ____________________ that security already.
3. Liquor has _____________________ a special culture in China. Poor people and rich people both drink wine.
put simply
have contributed to
been considered as
4. Our minds process a lot of information and time seems ____________.
5. I maybe get off the line at any time because the machine is about __________________.
6. The doctor found that she was unfit ____________ her company's normal work.
7. The larger firm __________________ providing a wider range of services.
8. She was trying ____________________ what would happen next.
to slow down
to crash down
to carry out
is capable of
to figure out
Ⅰ. 单句语境填词，注意词的词性和词形。
1. She produced a TV series about ____________ children.
2. By _____________ the economy, we're going to put people to work.
3. In his latest book he writes that the theory has since been ____________.
4. Her ___________ of life is to take every opportunity that presents itself.
5. The main topic of conversation was the likely _________ of the election.
Step Ⅳ： Homework.
adopted
stimulating
disproved
philosophy
outcome
6. The results of the experiment confirmed this ___________(假设).
7. The law applies to both _____________(个人) and corporate bodies.
8. We may talk of beautiful things but beauty itself is __________(抽象的).
9. Thus far, the two prime ministers have achieved no __________(具体的) results.
10. There is now ____________(激烈的) competition between schools to attract students.
hypothesis
individuals
abstract
concrete
intense
Ⅱ. 完形填空。
Alvin was deep in the woods in Grand Cane last December when something like litter on the ground caught his eye. It was a 1 balloon with a note attached.
“Dear Santa，” the note 2 . “My name is Luna. Four years old. This year I have been 3 . I would like candy, Spider Man ball, My Little Pony. With love, Luna.”
Alvin's heart hammered in his chest. It reminded him of his childhood wish. He smiled and set out to 4 Luna's wish. He posted a photo of the balloon and the Christmas wish list on his Meta page, asking for help 5 the sender.
Meanwhile, Gonzalez, the mother of four year old Luna, had no idea that such a(n) 6 was underway. It had been a hard year for her family as COVID 19 spread. On a 7 tough day last December, she 8 the idea of having Luna send a letter to Santa by releasing a balloon. They enjoyed a _9_ Christmas together, and then the calendar turned to a new year.
One day, Gonzalez received a call saying that someone had found Luna's balloon. Her jaw 10 . She logged on to Meta and saw Alvin's 11 . She called Alvin and finally agreed to let Alvin fulfill her daughter's wish list.
“Santa dropped your balloon 12 ，” Gonzalez told Luna, “but one of his elves(精灵) found it.” Not long after that, Luna received three boxes' worth of 13 with a note signed “Alvin the Elf”．
Now, having received so much 14 , Gonzalez and her girl intend to pay it forward this year. After all, when Alvin could have just 15 that balloon in the trash, he went more than the extra mile.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Alvin捡到一个破气球，上面有小女孩Luna写的向圣诞老人讨要礼物的小便签，Alvin最终帮助Luna实现愿望的故事。
( ) 1.A. beautiful　 B. broken　
C. precious　 D. blown
【解析】 句意：那是一个破气球，上面还附着一张便签。beautiful美丽的；broken破碎的；precious珍贵的；blown膨胀的。根据前文“something like litter on the ground”可知，这是个破损的气球。故选B。
B
( ) 2.A. printed　 B. wrote　
C. typed　 D. read
【解析】 句意：“亲爱的圣诞老人，我的名字叫露娜，四岁，今年我很乖……”纸条上写道。printed印刷；wrote书写；typed打字；read阅读，写着。根据前文中“Dear Santa”等内容可知，便签上写着这些内容。read强调的是“告示，信或段落等写着”。故选D。
D
( ) 3.A. nice　 B. difficult　
C. demanding　 D. smart
【解析】 句意见上题解析。nice不错的；difficult困难的；demanding要求高的；smart聪明的。根据前文“Four years old.”和后文“I would like candy, Spider Man ball, My Little Pony.”可知，Luna认为自己表现很不错，所以才主动向圣诞老人讨要礼物。故选A。
A
( ) 4.A. fulfill　 B. spread　
C. make　 D. express
【解析】 句意：他笑了笑，着手去实现Luna的愿望。fulfill完成；spread传播；make制造；express表达。根据语境及后文“She called Alvin and finally agreed to let Alvin fulfill her daughter's wish list.”可知，Alvin要帮助Luna实现愿望， fulfill前后复现。故选A。
A
( ) 5.A. entertaining　 B. uniting　
C. reporting　 D. locating
【解析】 句意：他在自己的Meta主页上发布了一张气球和圣诞愿望清单的照片，请求帮助找到发送者的地点。entertaining娱乐；uniting联合；reporting报告；locating查找……的地点，定位。根据语境和后文“Luna received three boxes”以及常识可知，寄送礼物要事先获知对方住址。故选D。
D
( ) 6.A. preparation　 B. effort　
C. research　 D. game
【解析】 句意：与此同时，四岁的Luna的母亲Gonzalez并不知道这样的努力正在进行。preparation准备；effort努力；research研究；game游戏。根据语境可知，Luna的母亲Gonzalez并不知道有人在帮助Luna实现愿望，这正是Alvin努力要做到的事情。故选B。
B
( ) 7.A. temporarily　 B. relatively　
C. particularly　 D. naturally
【解析】 句意：在去年12月的一个特别艰难的日子里，她想出了让Luna通过放飞一个气球给圣诞老人寄一封信的主意。temporarily暂时地；relatively相对地；particularly特别，尤其；naturally自然地。根据前文“It had been a hard year for her family as COVID 19 spread.”可知，这是个特别艰难的时期。故选C。
C
( ) 8.A. came up with　 B. argued about　
C. put up with　 D. jumped at
【解析】 句意见上题解析。came up with想出，追赶上；argued about争论；put up with容忍；jumped at跳向。根据语境和后文“the idea of having Luna send a letter to Santa by releasing a balloon”可知，这是Gonzalez在这种特殊情况下想出的主意。故选A。
A
( ) 9.A. healthy　 B. green　
C. modest　 D. grand
【解析】 句意：她们一起度过了一个朴素的圣诞节，然后日历就转到了新的一年。healthy健康的；green绿色的；modest谦虚的，朴素的；grand宏大的。根据前文“It had been a hard year for her family as COVID 19 spread.”可知，由于疫情的影响，她们度过了一个比较朴素的圣诞节，所以是生活很艰难。故选C。
C
(　　)10. A. burst　 B. cracked　
C. broke　 D. dropped
【解析】 句意：她瞠目结舌。burst爆发；cracked破裂；broke打破；dropped坠落。根据语境可知，Luna的母亲Gonzalez并不知道有人在寻找她家的地址，也没有指望真的会有人在意Luna的愿望。所以这个电话让Gonzalez很吃惊。短语one's jaw drop意为“吃惊，目瞪口呆”。故选D。
D
(　　)11. A. post　 B. letter　
C. name　 D. photo
【解析】 句意：她登录了Meta，看到了Alvin的帖子。post帖子；letter信件；name姓名；photo照片。根据前文“She logged on to Meta”以及“He posted a photo of the balloon”可知，她在Meta上看到了Alvin的帖子。故选A。
A
(　　)12. A. in time　 B. after all　
C. by accident　 D. on purpose
【解析】 句意：Gonzalez告诉Luna：“圣诞老人不小心弄丢了你的气球，但他的一个小精灵找到了它。” in time及时；after all毕竟；by accident偶然地；on purpose故意地。根据语境以及前文“Santa dropped your balloon”可知，Gonzalez的意思是“圣诞老人不小心弄丢了你的气球”。故选C。
C
(　　)13. A. candies　 B. gifts　
C. toys　 D. books
【解析】 句意：此后面不久，Luna收到了三盒礼物，其中有一张纸条，上面写着“精灵Alvin”。candies糖果；gifts礼物；toys玩具；books书。根据语境以及前文“I would like candy, Spider Man ball, My Little Pony.”以及“She called Alvin and finally agreed to let Alvin fulfill her daughter's wish list.”可知，Alvin帮助Luna实现愿望，并把她愿望清单上的三件礼物寄给她。故选B。
B
(　　)14. A. attention　 B. admiration　
C. popularity　 D. generosity
【解析】 句意：现在，Gonzalez和她的女儿感受到了非常浓厚的情谊，她们打算在今年把它传递出去。attention注意；admiration钦佩；popularity流行；generosity慷慨。基于前文的分析可知，Alvin帮助Luna实现愿望，寄给她三件礼物，这是一种慷慨的行为。故选D。
D
(　　)15. A. adopted　 B. stored　
C. thrown　 D. dragged
【解析】 句意：毕竟，当Alvin本可以直接把气球扔进垃圾桶的时候，他却做了比那个简单动作意义多得多的事情。adopted采用，收养；stored储存；thrown投掷；dragged拖拽。根据语境和后文“that balloon in the trash”可知，此处指Alvin本可以直接把气球扔进垃圾桶。故选C。
C
Ⅲ. 语法填空。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tai chi is 1.________ ancient and distinctive Chinese form of exercise 2.____________ is popular throughout the world. As exercise, tai chi is designed 3.___________(provide) relaxation in the process of body conditioning exercise and is drawn from the principles of tai ji, notably with the harmonizing of the yin and yang, respectively the passive and active principles. It employs flowing, rhythmic, deliberate movements, with carefully 4.______________(appoint) stances(站姿) and positions, but in practice no two masters teach the system
an
which/that
to provide
appointed
5.________ (exact) alike. As a mode of attack and defense, tai chi is properly considered a martial art, 6.______________ (resemble) to kung fu. It may be used with or 7._______ weapons.
Freehand exercise to promote health was practised in China as early as the 3rd century, and, in the 5th century, monks of Shaolin Temple were performing exercises 8.___________ (imitate) the five creatures: bear, bird, deer, monkey, and tiger. The snake was added 9.________ (late), and, by the early Ming Dynasty, the yin and yang principles 10._________________(add) to harmonize the whole. An assimilation(同化) of these developments, the art of tai chi was systemized and named in the early Qing Dynasty.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有关太极拳的历史和文化。
exactly
resemblance
without
imitating
later
had been added
1. 【解析】 考查冠词。句意：太极拳是中国的一种古老而独特的运动形式，在世界各地都很受欢迎。form是可数名词，该处泛指“一种……形式”，且ancient的音标开头是元音音素，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
2. 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意见上题解析。“2. _______ is popular throughout the world”是限定性定语从句，修饰“1. ________ ancient and distinctive Chinese form of exercise”，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。
3. 【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：作为锻炼，太极拳的目的是在身体调理锻炼的过程中提供放松，它汲取太极的原理，特别是阴阳的协调，分别是被动原则和主动原则。“3. ______(provide) relaxation in the process of body conditioning exercise”是目的状语，表目的，用动词不定式。固定搭配be designed to do sth，意为“目的是做某事”。故填to provide。
4. 【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它采用流畅、有节奏、从容不迫的动作，以及精心指定的姿势和位置。但在实践中，大师传授的体系两两不一。该空修饰“stances and positions”，二者之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填appointed。
5. 【解析】 考查副词。句意见上题解析。该空修饰形容词alike，应用副词形式。exactly意为“恰好，完全”，表强调。故填exactly。
6. 【解析】 考查名词。 句意：作为一种进攻和防御的方式，太极拳被恰当地认为是一种武术，类似功夫。“6. ______(resemble) to kung fu”是定语，修饰名词短语“a martial art”。固定短语resemblance to sb/sth，意为“类似于某人或某物”。故填resemblance。
7. 【解析】 考查介词。句意：它可以使用，也可以不使用武器。结合空前的or可知，该空和with相反。该句指打太极拳可以用武器，也可以不用武器，表示“不用……”，应用介词without。故填without。
8. 【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：早在3世纪，中国就开始了促进健康的徒手运动。到了5世纪，少林寺的和尚们开始练习，模仿熊、鸟、鹿、猴和虎五种动物。分析句子可知，句子的主语是“were performing”，故imitate用非谓语动词形式，作状语，与逻辑主语monks是主动关系，故用现在分词形式。故填imitating。
9. 【解析】 考查副词。句意：蛇是后来被添加的，到明朝早期，阴阳原则被添加以协调整体。该空在句中作状语，表示“后来”，应用副词later。故填later。
10. 【解析】 考查动词时态和语态。句意见上题解析。add是谓语动词，与主语“the yin and yang principles”是被动关系，由时间状语“by the early Ming Dynasty”可知，表示“过去的过去”的动作，应用过去完成时。故填had been added。
Ⅳ. 翻译下列句子，然后增加适当的过渡词语，把它们连成一篇小短文。
1. 说到爱好，不同的人有不同的爱好。
__________________________________________________________
2. 有些人喜欢读书，有些人钟爱跳舞，有些人痴迷于收藏。
_________________________________________________________________________________
When it comes to hobbies, different people have different ones.
Some like reading, some are fond of dancing and some are crazy about
collecting.
3. 我的爱好是阅读，这给我带来了很多好处。阅读是我最喜欢的爱好，它已经成为我生活的一部分。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. 阅读使我的知识得到了增加，同时还开阔了我的视野。
________________________________________________________
5. 通过阅读，我不用出门就能获得关于人、地方和历史的各种知识。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
My hobby is reading, which brings me plenty of benefits. Reading is my
favourite hobby and has become a part of my life.
Reading increases my knowledge and broadens my horizon.
Through reading, I can gain different kinds of knowledge about people,
places and history without going out.
6. 当我感到疲倦或心烦意乱时，阅读总是一种很好的方式来振奋我的精神，让我再次感到精力充沛。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
7. 阅读可以教会我各种技能。我从阅读中受益匪浅。
____________________________________________________________________________
8. 我总是通过看书来学习如何烹饪、如何写作、如何与他人交流等。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
When I am tired or feel upset, reading is always a good way to lift my
spirits and make me feel energetic again.
Reading can teach me different kinds of skills. I have benefited a lot from
reading.
I always turn to books to learn how to cook, how to write, how to
communicate with others and so on.
【连句成文】
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When it comes to hobbies, different people have different ones. For example, some like reading, some are fond of dancing and some are crazy about collecting. My hobby is reading, which brings me plenty of benefits.
To begin with, reading increases my knowledge and broadens my horizon. Through reading, I can gain different kinds of knowledge about people, places and history without going out. Secondly, reading can help me relax. When I am tired or feel upset, reading is always a good way to lift my spirits and make me feel energetic again. Last but not least, reading can teach me different kinds of skills. I always turn to books to learn how to cook, how to write, how to communicate with others and so on.
I have benefited a lot from reading. Reading is my favourite hobby and has become a part of my life.
谢谢观看
Thank you for watching(共47张PPT)
Unit 2
Thinking out of the box
Period 4　Integrated skills
技能感悟与操练
内容索引
学习目标
活动方案
1. Learn and catch key information about developing your creativity;
2. Work out the meanings of some important expressions;
3. Write an article about creativity.
【答案】 老师可自行设计
Step Ⅰ： Check and review.
Ⅰ. Listen to the lecture and then finish the exercises in Part A on P22.
Ⅱ. Read the article “How to become more creative” and finish the exercises in Part B on P23.
Ⅲ. Write an article about creativity.
Step Ⅱ： Practise and learn.
文 体 常 识
一、 文体特点
说明文是阐述事物的特征、本质、性能、结构、用途或科学原理的一种文体。说明文内容集中在反映社会现象、介绍方位地点和指导做事原则这些方面，要求考生能够按照一定的说明顺序进行介绍和说明，以达到实际应用和交际的目的。英语说明文的写作有三个要素：时态正确；条理清晰，内容连贯；语言朴素明了。
二、 写作指导
写说明文宜采用三段式：第一段主要介绍说明的对象及说明的目的；第二段说明事物的主要特征或做事情的方法步骤；第三段进行总结概括。时态通常用一般现在时。
写作时应遵循以下几个要求：
1. 仔细审题，明确说明对象，抓住要说明的事物或事理的主要特征；
2. 选择合理的说明顺序(时间顺序、空间顺序或逻辑顺序)，分层次进行说明，注意条理清晰；
3. 选择恰当的说明方法，比如定义法、举例法、比较法和细节描述法等，不要遗漏主要内容；
4. 根据说明顺序及内容确定过渡词和恰当的句型结构。文字应客观、简洁明了，不要追求华丽的辞藻和加入太多的个人观点。
三、 常用句式
1. With the development of science and technology, the … in the future will be quite different from the traditional ones.
2. First, future… will be in the shape of…， which makes it possible to…
3. Moreover, this kind of… can be used as a(n)… when we want to…
4. Besides, the high tech… can transform into… of different shapes and sizes.
5. Equipped with the microcomputer inside… , …will surely enjoy huge popularity with/among people.
6. In conclusion, …in the future with advanced technology will make our life not only more convenient but more comfortable.
四、 写作模板
模板一：地理介绍型
________(要说明的地点) is located in ________(位置), covering an area of ________(面积). It has a population of ________(人口). It grows ________, and it is rich in ________(特点).
In a word,________ is a fascinating place with fascinating people.Welcome to ________.　
模板二：路线描绘型
We are going to ________(举行活动) at/in/on ________(时间) at/in ________(地点). It is not very difficult to find your way to this place./Now let me tell you the way to this place.
模板三：说明原因型
Nowadays, more and more ________(阐述现象). Why ________(提出问题) The reasons for it are as follows.
First of all, _________(原因一). Besides, ________(原因二). What's more, _________(原因三). 　
实 践 演 练
Please write an expository composition on the topic “Creativity” with about 150 words.
________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Creativity
With the dramatic development of our society, an increasing number of people are taking emphasis on developing creativity, which no doubt plays a critical role in scientific research.
First and foremost, there is no doubt that China has become particularly active in manufacturing, which has led to an increased demand of creative individuals. Based on big data, a majority of successful social elites admitted that they were encouraged to develop creativity when they studied on campus.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In any field of endeavor, whether it is in medicine, engineering or business, it seems necessary to put great emphasis on creativity before one can finally become successful.
Taking all factors into account, we may predict that with the speedy development of our society, creativity will be significantly needed in the forthcoming decades. It is necessary for us to take effective measures to keep pace with the creativity and encourage students to develop creativity.
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空。
1. The margin of error was plus or minus three _________(percent) points.
2. They have the ___________(capable) to destroy the enemy in days rather than weeks.
3. These programmes can be integrated with your __________(exist) software.
4. Many teachers would like to be more adventurous and ________(create).
5. The doctor ____________(recommend) when I left that I take a shower the night before the operation.
Step Ⅲ： Consolidate and feed back.
percentage
capability
existing
creative
recommended
6. His long service with the company___________________(acknowledge) with a special present last week.
7. I leave a light on when I'm out to _________________(courage) burglars.
8. I got the job on the __________(strong) of your recommendation.
9. Asking him for help is out of _____ question because he is such a selfish person.
10. The story was certainly a favourite one, but it was undoubtedly pure _____________(invent).
was acknowledged
discourage
strength
the
invention
Ⅱ. 根据语境用适当的介词或副词填空。
1. When the kite was _________ the air, people would cut off the string and let the paper kite float away, symbolizing the flying away of diseases.
2. Our modern economy couldn't function ____________ a system for the nurturing of our youngest citizens.
3. But the same two thirds will tell you they're pretty satisfied and think Canada is doing a decent job dealing _________ climate change.
4. Her mother was the only figure who provided for her and kept her _________ the right track.
in
without
with
on
5. According to the World Health Organization, nearly 80 per cent of the world's population depends ____________ medicines from plants and animals to meet its primary health care needs.
6. Encyclopedias used to be printed _________ books. Now, they are mostly found online.
7. ____________ a history of more than 3,000 years, the image of flower arrangement sometimes is still limited bunches of flowers in flower shops.
8. Many western history books over the years have stated that the Chinese used his discovery only ______ fireworks, but that is not true.
on/upon
as
Despite/With
for
9. ____________those measures in schools, 47 football training camps have also been built in an effort to promote the sport among young people.
10. After failing _________ the first two attempts, she realized scientific research was also important.
Besides
at
Ⅲ. 从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语填空。
reflect on; brainstorm with; come up with; all on your own; take the risk of; not necessarily; acquire; give rise to
1. She soon __________ a reputation as a first class cook.
2. The start of a new year is a good time to _______________ the many achievements of the past.
3. This is a good time to __________________ others, share ideas, and come to a group consensus.
acquired
reflect on
brainstorm with
4. That means you didn't have a drink for five days __________________.
5. These bad conditions _____________________ a lot of crime.
6. There was a sporting chance they would meet, but __________________ at the party.
7. When you play with matches, you _____________burning yourself.
8. No one _____________________ a definitive answer as to why this should be so.
all on your own
have given rise to
not necessarily
take the risk of
has come up with
Ⅳ. 完成句子。
1. 不能脱离社会理论孤立地讨论惩罚。
Punishment cannot be discussed _______________________________.
2. 他受到了奖励，这是对他过去一年的成就的肯定。
He received the award ___________________________ over the past year.
3. 这使我们放松，同时也使我们在各方面发展自己。
This makes us relax and at the same time makes us __________________ ______________.
in isolation from social theory
in recognition of his achievements
develop ourselves in
all aspects
4. 这件事她越想越感到沮丧。
The more she thought about it, ______________________________.
5. 最后但同样重要的是，开始为下次旅行做计划，这样你的心中就一直有期待了。
_____________________, start planning the next trip so you've always got something to look forward to.
6. 她被认为是第一位使这种时尚流行起来的设计师。
She ______________________________________ to make this style of fashion popular.
the more depressed she became
Last but not least
is believed to be the first designer
7. 孩子们通过反复摸索才学会运用计算机程序。
Children learn to use computer programs _____________________.
8. 我们是否总能为复杂的问题找到简单的解决方案？
Can we always _____________________________ a complex problem
by trial and error
find a simple solution to
Ⅰ. 单句语境填词，注意词的词性和词形。
1. We need to take a different __________ to the problem.
2. The greatest challenge for the Americans is understanding the _________ of Asians.
3. A light _________ hanging from the ceiling filled the room with a cold yellow colour.
4. The government plans to __________ more jobs for young people.
5. They played a relatively ________ (次要的) role in the organization.
Step Ⅳ：Homework.
approach
mindset
bulb
create
minor
6. We must promote originality and encourage ___________(创新).
7. You must watch out for sharp bends when driving and adjust your speed _____________(相应地).
8. “He is a fine young man and has never told lies to me，” __________ (评论) Stephen.
innovation
accordingly
observed
Ⅱ. 阅读理解。
In mid 2019, an Indonesian design team submitted a plan to an international design competition for a new type of submarine(潜艇). Their sub wasn't designed for military purposes or for exploring the ocean. The main purpose of this submarine was to create ice blocks to replace sea ice in the Polar Regions.
In the summer months of 2019, a massive heat wave shocked Europe and broke a number of high temperature records. As the hot air moved north over the Arctic, the ice sheet covering Greenland melted at an unexpected rate. Ice melt at the poles is normal in the summer months. Lost ice is often regained by refreezing in winter. But the fast melting rate could mean a permanent loss of polar ice, which would have global consequences.
Dealing with such a large scale problem requires large scale solutions. While many solutions look at reducing the greenhouse gases, few are aimed at repairing the effects of climate change. The ice making submarine proposed to do just that.
The ice making submarine's basic design involves forming a large hexagonal(六边形的) ice block of roughly 25 metres across and 5 metres thick. A large container in the submarine would be filled when submerged under water. Then the slow process of desalination(脱盐) and freezing would begin. After about a month, the submarine would discharge(卸下) the ice block and begin the process all over again. The overall vision would be to have multiple submarines working together, so that the hexagonal blocks could be pushed together to form a single large ice sheet.
The design was beautifully presented and won second place. However, the science behind the design came under criticism. One criticism was how the massive amounts of energy needed to desalinate and freeze the water would be provided. Another was that the amount of heat generated by the freezing process would result in a net warming effect. Additionally, the ice would be too thin to stay frozen for a significant amount of time. The designers couldn't sufficiently answer many of the scientific criticisms. Their inventive idea does, however, indicate the need for creative solutions in repairing the loss of polar ice.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项用于修复气候变化影响的设计——制冰潜艇。
( ) 1.The ice making submarine was designed to __________.
A. explore the ocean
B. achieve military purposes
C. record rates of melting polar ice
D. make up for the decrease of polar ice
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“The main purpose of this submarine was to create ice blocks to replace sea ice in the Polar Regions.”及第二段中“But the fast melting rate could mean a permanent loss of polar ice, which would have global consequences.”可推知，制冰潜艇被设计用来制冰，从而弥补极地冰的减少。故选D。
D
( ) 2.The Paragraph 4 is mainly about __________.
A. the limitation of the new design
B. the process of making ice blocks
C. the features of the ice making submarines
D. the challenges that the designers encountered
【解析】 段落大意题。根据第四段中“The ice making submarine's basic design involves forming a large… submarine would discharge(卸下) the ice block and begin the process all over again.”可知，第四段描述了制冰潜艇制冰的过程。故选B。
B
( ) 3.What can we learn from the passage
A. The design introduces a unique angle for dealing with climate crisis.
B. The designers are confident about the effectiveness of the submarine.
C. The lost ice can be regained by refreezing in spite of fast melting rate.
D. The ice making submarine is one of the solutions to reduce greenhouse gases.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“While many solutions look at reducing the greenhouse gases, few are aimed at repairing the effects of climate change. The ice making submarine proposed to do just that.”可知，制冰潜艇的设计引入了应对气候危机的独特角度。故选A。
A
( ) 4.As for the design of ice making submarine, the author is _______.
A. doubtful　 B. disapproving　
C. supportive　 D. unconcerned
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The designers couldn't sufficiently answer many of the scientific criticisms. Their inventive idea does, however, indicate the need for creative solutions in repairing the loss of polar ice.”可知，作者对于这项设计表示支持，认为需要用创造性的解决方案来修复极地受到的损害。故选C。
C
Ⅲ. 七选五。
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There is no escaping our evolution into a cashless society. The idea that all transactions(交易) can be completed digitally is becoming more realistic day by day. 1 As it is, people increasingly demand low touch or contactless payments with growing concerns over the spread of viruses and diseases. A cashless society would give rise to a new era for financial deals. The key benefits would include lower crime rates, easier foreign transactions, and reduced risks and costs. The idea of a cashless society appears very common in our society.
_2_ Economic inequality and inclusivity(包容性) are fundamental issues still present worldwide. 3 The unbanked and poor could face significant challenges with digital modes of payment. In fact, most of the unbanked view the cashless movement as an unfair act against those without bank accounts.
For a cashless society, there needs to be an understanding and acceptance by governments and payment providers of the financial inclusion issues currently in existence. 4 There are also the elderly and the disabled who face their own challenges with rapid digitalization and technological advancement. There are still parts of society that lack trust in digital payments or have barriers to accessing mobile phones and the Internet.
_5_ It is also about to launch a national digital currency(货币), the world's first. Nearly everything can be transacted by digital means here. As we prepare for the consequence of COVID 19, and use the model set by China, other countries need to take it upon themselves to provide a harmonious, effective, and cashless society—one that does not leave anyone behind.
A. However, this is far from reality.
B. Several countries have entered cashless society.
C. A cashless society might actually worsen these problems.
D. COVID 19 has sped up the move away from physical cash.
E. In China, four out of every five payments are now cashless.
F. It isn't just the unbanked who are at risk of being left behind.
G. So financial inclusion needs to be the core value in a cashless society.
1._______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______ 5. _______
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了无现金社会已经成为一种趋势，以及所存在的问题。
D
A
C
F
E
1. 【解析】 根据前文“There is no escaping our evolution into a cashless society.”和后文“As it is, people increasingly demand low touch or contactless payments with growing concerns over the spread of viruses and diseases.”可知，无现金是一种社会趋势，新冠肺炎加速了这种趋势。所以D项 “COVID 19 has sped up the move away from physical cash.”符合前后文语境。故选D。
2. 【解析】 根据前文“A cashless society would give rise to a new era for financial…idea of a cashless society appears very common in our society.”及后文描述的存在问题可知，虽然无现金社会有很多的好处，但离全社会普及的现实还很远。所以A项“However, this is far from reality.”符合前后文语境。故选A。
3. 【解析】 根据前文“Economic inequality and inclusivity(包容性) are fundamental issues still present worldwide.”和后文“The unbanked and poor could face significant challenges with digital modes of payment.”可知，这里陈述无现金社会可能会让已经存在的问题更加恶化。所以C项“A cashless society might actually worsen these problems.”符合前后文语境。故选C。
4. 【解析】 根据前文”For a cashless society, there needs to be an understanding and acceptance by governments and payment providers of the financial inclusion issues currently in existence.”和后文“There are also the elderly and the disabled who face their own challenges with rapid digitalization and technological advancement.”可知，这里陈述建立无现金社会需要考虑到无银行账户的人、老年人和残障人士。所以F项 “It isn't just the unbanked who are at risk of being left behind.”符合前后文语境。故选F。
5. 【解析】 根据后文“It is also about to launch a national digital currency(货币), the world's first. Nearly everything … provide a harmonious, effective, and cashless society—one that does not leave anyone behind.”可知，这里陈述中国无现金社会这个普及的现象。所以E项 “In China, four out of every five payments are now cashless.”符合前后文语境。故选E。
Ⅳ. 写作。
假定你是某景点的负责人，近期将有一批外国游客来你们景点进行一日游，请你为他们提供一份景区组织旅游活动的小指南，内容包括：
1. 活动时间；
2. 活动内容；
3. 联系方式。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Welcome to our scenic spot. To ensure everyone has a good time here, we hope you can read the brochure carefully.
Your journey is expected to start at half past eight in the morning. And you will have a tour guide who accompanies you all the way to give you clear and vivid introductions to each scenic spot. The whole journey will take you seven hours or so. In the evening, we'll arrange a local culture exhibition for you. We believe you'll be amazed at the colourful culture here. For more information, please call us at 020 61225000.
Ⅴ. 自我拓展提升。
积累阅读语块(整理自己感兴趣的单词、短语、经典句)。
谢谢观看
Thank you for watching(共65张PPT)
Unit 2
Thinking out of the box
Period 6　Extended reading(2) & Project
语言学习与实践
内容索引
学习目标
活动方案
1. Learn and use the chunks like:
words: entrepreneur; electronics; lens; spectacle; magnify; frame; anonymous; accessory; thread; loop; counterbalance; dangle; strap; perch; uneasily; pinch; clip; stem; clamp; ouch; marvel; controversy; engrave; disassemble; literacy
phrases: contact lens; catch on
sentence patterns：
What are the greatest breakthroughs humans have made since the invention of the wheel
If you disagree with this ranking, try this quick experiment: rub some soap on a piece of glass and hold it in front of your eyes.
As anyone who needs corrective lenses will tell you, being able to see clearly is hugely important, whether you're trying to put together a set of building blocks or read your favourite book.
Considering that many people in the world suffer from poor vision, you may think that the great minds of history would have quickly come together to tackle the problem.
Long before anything like spectacles existed, people had noticed that a piece of curved glass could magnify an image.
No one knows who came up with the technology of shaping glass to bring images into better focus, or mounting lenses in frames that could go in front of your face.
Although we don't know exactly whom to thank, it is pretty much agreed that corrective lenses first appeared in Italy in the 1280s.
Once the technology was available, spectacles caught on quickly.
While the quality of the lenses was improving rapidly, getting them to stay comfortably on the face was a great challenge.
Weights were sometimes tied to the ends of the threads to counterbalance the weight of the glasses to keep them from slipping off.
Even though we have become used to the marvels of modern technology, we still need to pause and think about the potential negative impact of this new invention.
We'll have to wait and see if smart glasses would follow the same path as regular glasses, or in other words, if their usefulness would outweigh potential problems.
2. Learn to make a leaflet about an innovation.
Review the text of “How the world got eyeglasses” by retelling it in your own words. You may begin like this：
The text is mainly about …， which …
From the text, we may learn that …
【答案】 The text is mainly about the invention and development of eyeglasses, which are important for people to see clearly.
From the text, we may learn that corrective lenses first appeared in Italy in the 1280s and then the quality of the lenses improved rapidly, but getting them to stay comfortably on the face was a great challenge. People made many attempts to overcome this problem and eventually managed it by trial and error.
Step Ⅰ： Check and review.
Ⅰ. Read the words in the word bank and figure out the meanings of them.
Word bank：
名词：entrepreneur; electronics; lens; spectacle; controversy; literacy
动词：magnify; dangle; engrave; disassemble
形容词&副词：anonymous; uneasily
多种词性：frame; accessory; thread; loop; counterbalance; strap; perch; pinch; clip; stem; clamp; marvel
Step Ⅱ： Focus and learn.
Ⅱ. Match the words on the left with the explanations on the right.
(　) 1. entrepreneur A. the branch of science and technology that studies electric
currents in electronic equipment
(　) 2. electronics B. to make sth look bigger than it really is, for example by
using a lens or microscope
( ) 3. controversy　 C. a person who makes money by starting or running business,
especially when this involves taking financial risks
( ) 4. anonymous D. to take apart a machine or structure so that it is in separate
pieces　
(　) 5. magnify E. public discussion and argument about sth that many people
strongly disagree about, disapprove of, or are shocked by
( ) 6. pinch F. to cut words or designs on wood, stone, metal, etc.
(　) 7. disassemble G. to take a piece of sb's skin between your thumb and first
finger and squeeze hard, especially to hurt the person　
( ) 8. engrave　 H. with a name that is not known or that is not made public
C
A
E
H
B
G
D
F
Ⅲ. Find the following expressions from the text according to the Chinese below.
1. 提出这个问题 _____________________
2. 解决问题 _____________________
3. 一块曲面玻璃 _____________________
4. 最早的简单矫正镜片 ______________________________
pose this question
tackle the problem
a piece of curved glass
the first simple corrective lenses
5. 通过反复试验 _____________________
6. 捐赠；泄露 ___________
7. 防止某物滑落 ____________________________
8. 一个反复试验的问题 ______________________________
9. 本质上 ___________
10. 智能眼镜的反对者 ____________________________
by trial and error
give away
keep sth from slipping off
a matter of trial and error
in essence
opponents of smart glasses
Ⅳ. Fill in the blanks with proper words.
1. The scene will remain forever __________ on my memory.
2. We had to completely _____________ the engine to find the problem.
3. He was charged with being an _____________ to murder.
4. I had to ________ myself to make sure I wasn't dreaming.
5. On the morning of his birthday, the young man received an ___________ gift.
6. Everything had to be __________(用带子系好) down to stop it from sliding around.
engraved
disassemble
accessory
pinch
anonymous
strapped
7. People believe that these are the ____________(奇迹) of modern science.
8. He took two day off to ____________________(抵消) the overtime the week before.
9. The dry summer has _____________(加剧) the problem of water shortages.
10. People who have more years of formal education have a high degree of __________(读写能力)．　
marvels
counterbalance
magnified
literacy
Ⅴ. Build your sentences through paraphrase and imitation.
1. Considering that many people in the world suffer from poor vision, you may think that the great minds of history would have quickly come together to tackle the problem.
[Paraphrase] _________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________
[Imitation] ____________________________________________________ _______
鉴于他才是一个8岁的小孩，他懂得的已经不少了。
Since many people in the world are near sighted, you may
think that the famous scientists in history would have come together to focus on
dealing with the problem.
Considering he's only a child of 8 years old, he knows quite a
lot.
2. Most likely, many anonymous glassmakers tried to improve the technology by trial and error.
[Paraphrase] __________________________________________________ _________________________________
[Imitation] ____________________________________________________
最有可能的是，你需要反复试验去得知有效方法。
It's likely that many unknown glassmakers made many
attempts to improve the technology.
Most likely, you need to learn what works by trial and error.
3. Although we don't know exactly whom to thank, it is pretty much agreed that corrective lenses first appeared in Italy in the 1280s.
[Paraphrase] __________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________
[Imitation] ____________________________________________________ _____________________________________
人们一致认为，翻译应尽可能忠实、准确地传达原文。
Although we don't know exactly who invented corrective
lenses, people agreed that they first appeared in Italy in the 1280s.
It is agreed that translation should transfer the original text as
faithfully and correctly as possible.
4. Once the technology was available, spectacles caught on quickly.
[Paraphrase] __________________________________________________ ______________
[Imitation] ___________________________________________________
一旦他发明一种新的游戏，就会立即流行起来。
Once the technology was available, eyeglasses became
popular soon.
Once he invented a new game, it would caught on at once.
5. In the 15th century, the printing press was invented, making books plentiful and relatively inexpensive.　
[Paraphrase] __________________________________________________ ______________________________________
[Imitation] ____________________________________________________ ____________________________
洗衣机的发明使家庭主妇们从繁重的家务劳动中解放出来。
In the 15th century, the invention of the printing press helped
to make books richer and cheaper.
The washing machine was invented, setting housewives free
from the heavy housework.
6. Like inventing the lenses themselves, coming up with designs that were easy to use was mostly a matter of trial and error.
[Paraphrase] __________________________________________________ __________________
[Imitation] ___________________________________________________ ___________
她感到抚养孩子就像是摸着石头过河。
Inventing comfortable eyeglasses needs repeated attempts and
experiments.
She feels that raising her children has been a matter of trial and
error.
Ⅰ. Divide the class into several groups, discuss different innovations, each group picking one innovation to research, put together the information to make a leaflet, and at last present it to the rest of the class.
【答案】 略
Step Ⅲ： Explore and learn.
Ⅱ. Find the following expressions from Project according to the Chinese below.
1. 蒸汽机　__________________
2. 活字印刷 _____________________
3. 雕版印刷 ________________
4. 制作雕刻块 ______________________
5. 优于 ________________
steam engines
movable type printing
block printing
make engraved blocks
be superior to
6. 在许多方面 ___________________
7. 占用更少的空间 ______________________
8. 国内外 _____________________________
9. 促进大众识字 _____________________
10. 加速……的传播 ____________________________
in many aspects
take up less space
both at home and abroad
promote mass literacy
accelerate the spread of…
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空。
1. She had a leading role in ____________(shape) party policy.
2. _____________(consider) that you are no longer involved with this man, your response is a little extreme.
3. This decision could have serious _______________(consequently) for the industry.
4. It's really incredible that the sound was _____________(magnify) by the high roof.
Step Ⅳ： Consolidate and feed back.
shaping
Considering
consequences
magnified
5. It is possible to do ___________(correct) surgery on the eyes to solve the problem.
6. There is __________(mount) evidence of serious effects on people's health.
7. He asked me to buy him some _____________(accessory) for a car.
8. It turns out water is pretty _____________(plenty) out in space.
9. We took a _______(slight) more direct route to get to the station on time.
10. They discussed the _____________(attach) of new conditions to the peace plans.
corrective
mounting
accessories
plentiful
slightly
attachment
Ⅱ. 根据语境用适当的介词或副词填空。
1. Transport comes fairly high up in the list, with buses, planes and trains all capable_________ driving us mad.
2. I am extremely grateful _________ all the teachers for their help.
3. Morgan says that it is time that people stopped standing _________ and recording on their phones when they see someone in trouble.
4. Discussions are held _________ an informal basis within the department.
5. Over the last two months, several great apes at the San Diego Zoo have received an experimental animal COVID 19 vaccine(疫苗), because they are most _________ risk and can be easily vaccinated.
of
to
by
on
at
6. Two experts confirmed the bowl was from the 1400s when they were able to look at it _________ person.
7. Masterpieces such as Along the River During the Qingming Festival were projected on the roofs, giving visitors a feeling like walking ____________ time.
8. With advantages _________ traditional computers, quantum computers have a wide range of applications.
9. In 1844 they bought it ____ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser.
10. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and _________ work.
in
through
over
for
from
Ⅲ. 从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语填空。
put together; suffer from; tackle; clamp; give away; loop over; slip off; dangle
1. There are three essentially different ways of __________ the problem.
2. Then you're free ____________ the resulting list and quit the database.
3. He was arrested for ___________________ state secrets.
4. Your department spent more last year than all the others ____________.
5. In these days of technological change, we all ___________________ information overload.
6. ____________ his overalls, he dived into the water and caught a fish.
7. She kept him __________ for a week before making her decision.
8. He had a cigar ____________ between his teeth.
tackling
to loop over
having given away
put together
suffer from
Slipping off
dangling
clamped
Ⅳ. 完成句子。
1. 我不想受按钟点回家的束缚。
I don't _____________________________ home at a particular time.
2. 这些学校曾一度归教会主管。
At one time the schools _________________________________.
3. 这两个论点本质上相同。
The two arguments _____________________.
want to be tied to coming
were mainly attached to the church
are in essence the same
4. 我们只得等等看，眼下是无能为力了。
We'll just ______________________—there's nothing we can do at the moment.
5. 我们对完成任务很有信心，因为有利条件超过困难。
We have great confidence in accomplishing the task because the favourable conditions _____________________________.
6. 很难想象这个地方以前是什么样子。
_____________________________ this place once looked like.
have to wait and see
outweigh the difficulties
It's hard to imagine what
7. 黄山毛峰是中国十大名茶之一，畅销国内外。
Huangshan Maofeng is one of the top ten famous brands of Chinese teas, which is a ______________________________.
8. 人到中年开始新的事业并不难。
It is not difficult to _______________________________.
bestseller both at home and abroad
take up a new career in midlife
Ⅰ. 阅读理解。
An Indonesian librarian is lending books to children in exchange for trash they collect in a novel way to clean up the environment and get the kids to read more.
Each weekday Raden rides her three wheeler with books piled up at the back for children in Muntang village to exchange for plastic cups, bags and other waste that she carries back. She told Reuters she targets to promote reading in the kids as well as make them aware of the environment. As soon as she shows up, little children, many accompanied by their mothers, surround her “Trash Library” and clamour for the books.
Step Ⅴ： Homework.
They are all carrying trash bags and Raden's three wheeler quickly fills up with them as the books fly out. She's happy the kids are going to spend less time on online games as a result.
Kevin, a keen 11 year old reader, searches for waste lying in the village. “When there is too much trash, our environment will become dirty and it's not healthy. That's why I look for trash to borrow a book，” he said.
“Let us build a culture of literacy from young age to reduce the harm of the online world，” Raden said. “We should also take care of our waste in order to fight climate change and to save the earth from trash.”
She collects about 100 kg of waste each week, which is then sorted out by her colleagues and sent for recycling or sold. She has a stock of 6,000 books to lend and wants to take the mobile service to neighbouring areas as well.
Raden said, “The literacy rate for above 15 year olds in Indonesia is around 96 percent, but a September report by the World Bank warned that the pandemic will leave more than 80% of 15 year olds below the minimum reading proficiency level.” And she wanted to do her part to make things better.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一名印尼图书管理员将图书借给孩子们，以换取他们收集的垃圾，这是为了清洁环境，同时让孩子们多读书。
( ) 1. What is Raden's purpose of establishing Trash Library
A. To earn money for Trash Library by selling trash.
B. To develop the children's creativity from young age.
C. To raise the kids' awareness of environment while reading.
D. To promote the relationship between children and mothers.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“She told Reuters she targets to promote reading in the kids as well as make them aware of the environment.”可知，Raden建立“垃圾图书馆”的目的是在阅读的同时提高孩子们的环境意识。故选C。
C
( ) 2. What made Kevin willing to borrow books with trash
A. Passion for reading.　 B. Concerns about pollution.
C. Addiction to the Internet.　 D. Determination to volunteer.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“When there is too much trash, our environment will become dirty and it's not healthy. That's why I look for trash to borrow a book”可知，出于对污染的担忧，Kevin愿意用垃圾来借书。故选B。
B
( ) 3. What is Raden's attitude to the young's literacy rate during pandemic
A. Indifferent.　 B. Worried.
C. Appreciative.　 D. Tolerant.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中 “The literacy rate for above 15 year olds in Indonesia is around 96 percent… below the minimum reading proficiency level.”可知，印尼15岁以上儿童的识字率约为96%，但世界银行9月份的一份报告警告称，这场大流行的疫情将使80%以上的15岁儿童低于最低阅读水平。由此可推知，Raden担心疫情期间年轻人的识字率。故选B。
B
( ) 4. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. A Novel Way to Improve Library
B. The Indonesian System for Reading
C. Your Trash Benefiting the Environment
D. Your Collected Trash for Our Books
【解析】 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述的是为了使环境更加的清洁，图书管理员将图书借给孩子们以换取他们收集的垃圾。D项“Your Collected Trash for Our Books(用垃圾换书)”最适合作为文章标题。故选D。
D
Ⅱ. 完形填空。
Savanna Lorpu Karmue, 11, is a student, author, activist, and possibly one of our next great cardiologists(心脏病学家). Her inspiring story started with her favourite Sunday school teacher who was about to have a(n) 1 because of a serious heart attack. After she 2 the teacher in the hospital, Savanna's curiosity led her towards a deep 3 of the heart and its importance to the human body. _ __4__ by her supporting parents to research related matters of the heart, Savanna learned that one in three of teenagers were 5 from childhood obesity(肥胖), which can lead to heart disease.
She 6 making videos, named Happy Heart Advice, sharing with the world _7_ to have a better health and create a healthy heart. Until 2016, Happy Heart Advice had provided over 100,000 children with 8 for healthy living. In June 2017, she was invited as a 9 at an international conference, where she shared _10_ information on how to 11 healthy eating to everyday adolescent lifestyles. She was 12 by the American Heart Association for her 13 in the health community at such an early age. She's currently 14 an app that will make it easier for moms and families to make conscious efforts to 15 “Happy Heart approved food” instead of grabbing whatever catches their eye in a grocery store.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公萨凡纳为了让儿童拥有健康的身体和心脏，制作名为“快乐心脏建议”的视频，与全世界分享增进健康、创造健康心脏的方法。
( ) 1. A. training　 B. appointment　
C. lecture　 D. operation
【解析】 句意：她鼓舞人心的故事始于她最喜欢的周日学校老师，那位老师因为心脏病的严重发作即将动手术。training训练；appointment约会；lecture演讲；operation手术。根据下文“a serious heart attack”和“in the hospital”可知，老师是接受了心脏病手术。故选D。
D
( ) 2.A. persuaded　 B. visited　
C. consulted　 D. cured
【解析】 句意：在医院看望了这位老师之后，萨凡纳的好奇心使她对心脏及其对人体的重要性产生了深刻的理解。persuaded劝说；visited看望；consulted咨询；cured治愈。根据上文“a serious heart attack”和下文“in the hospital”可知，老师因为心脏病住院了，所以萨凡纳去医院看望了老师。故选B。
B
( ) 3.A. explanation　 B. appreciation　
C. affection　 D. expectation
【解析】 句意见上题解析。explanation解释；appreciation理解；affection感情，影响；expectation期待。根据下文可知，萨凡纳致力于帮助青少年通过健康饮食减少患心脏病的风险。由此可知，老师的病让她对心脏及其对人体的重要性产生了深刻的理解，所以才会这样做。故选B。
B
( ) 4.A. Moved　 B. Forced　
C. Begged　 D. Encouraged
【解析】 句意：在支持她研究心脏相关问题的父母的鼓励下，萨凡纳发现三分之一的青少年患有儿童肥胖，这可能会导致心脏病。Moved感动，移动；Forced强迫；Begged祈求；Encouraged鼓励。根据下文“her supporting parents”可知，她在父母的鼓励下，进行了相关研究。故选D。
D
( ) 5.A. dying　 B. learning　
C. suffering　 D. benefiting
【解析】 句意见上题解析。dying死亡；learning学习；suffering遭受；benefiting使受益。根据下文“childhood obesity”可知，儿童肥胖是一种病。suffer from … 意为“患有(疾病)”。故选C。
C
( ) 6.A. began　 B. avoided　
C. admitted　 D. denied
【解析】 句意：她开始制作名为“快乐心脏建议”的视频，与全世界分享增进健康、创造健康心脏的方法。began开始；avoided避免；admitted承认；denied否认。根据上文可知，在父母的鼓励下，萨凡纳开始研究儿童肥胖导致心脏病的问题。由此可知，她开始制作视频，与全世界分享拥有健康心脏的方法。故选A。
A
( ) 7.A. ways　 B. dreams　
C. love　 D. money
【解析】 句意见上题解析。ways方法；dreams梦想；love爱；money钱。根据上文“Happy Heart Advice”中的“Advice”可知，这条视频是为了提供建议。由此可知，视频分享的是增进健康、创造健康心脏的方法。故选A。
A
( ) 8.A. food　 B. reports　
C. education　 D. statistics
【解析】 句意：直到2016年，“快乐心脏建议”为10多万儿童提供了健康生活教育。food食物；reports报告；education教育；statistics统计资料。根据上文可知，“快乐心脏建议”是为儿童提供增进健康、创造健康心脏的方法。由此可知，“快乐心脏建议”为儿童提供的是有关健康生活的教育。故选C。
C
( ) 9.A. speaker　 B. doctor　
C. performer　 D. hostess
【解析】 句意：2017年6月，她应邀在一次国际会议上发言，分享了如何将健康饮食应用于青少年日常生活方式的实用信息。speaker发言者；doctor医生；performer表演者；hostess女主持人。根据下文可知，她在会议上分享了一些关于健康饮食的信息。由此可知，她作为一名发言者，在国际会议上发言了。故选A。
A
(　　)10. A. abstract　 B. extra　
C. brief　 D. practical
【解析】 句意见上题解析。abstract抽象的；extra额外的；brief简洁的；practical实用的。根据下文“everyday adolescent lifestyles”可知，她分享的信息和青少年的日常生活方式息息相关。由此可知，这些信息是实用的。故选D。
D
(　　)11. A. limit　 B. reduce　
C. apply　 D. compare
【解析】 句意见第9小题解析。limit限制；reduce减少；apply应用；compare比较。根据下文“healthy eating to everyday adolescent lifestyles”可知，这里指将健康饮食应用于青少年日常生活方式。apply…to…意为“把……应用于……”。故选C。
C
(　　)12. A. impressed　 B. confused　
C. honoured　 D. protected
【解析】 句意：她因为在这么小的年纪就对健康界产生了影响而被美国心脏协会授予荣誉。impressed给……留下深刻印象；confused使迷惑；honoured给予荣誉；protected保护。根据上文可知，萨凡纳为10多万儿童提供了健康生活教育。由此可知，因为她的影响，她被美国心脏协会授予荣誉。故选C。
C
(　　)13. A. influence　 B. generosity　
C. knowledge　 D. power
【解析】 句意见上题解析。influence影响；generosity慷慨；knowledge知识；power权力。根据上文可知，萨凡纳为10多万儿童提供了健康生活教育。由此可知，她对健康界产生了影响。故选A。
A
(　　)14. A. commenting on　 B. working on　
C. showing off　 D. putting off
【解析】 句意：她目前正在致力于一款应用程序，让妈妈和家人更容易有意识地购买“快乐心脏认可的食品”，而不是在杂货店抢购任何吸引她们眼球的东西。commenting on评论；working on从事于，致力于；showing off炫耀；putting off推迟。根据下文“an app”可知，她目前正在致力于一款应用程序，为儿童的健康饮食提供更好的服务。故选B。
B
(　　)15. A. preserve　 B. process　
C. deliver　 D. purchase
【解析】 句意见上题解析。preserve保存；process加工；deliver递送；purchase购买。根据下文“food”可知，这里指让家长更容易有意识地购买“快乐心脏认可的食品”，而不是随意购买喜欢的食品。故选D。
D
Ⅲ. 语法填空。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinese speaking test of Ireland's Leaving Certificate exam this year was held on Saturday, marking the 1._________ (one) time the country has included Chinese as a foreign language elective subject on the national college entrance examination.
first
This year's Chinese test 2._________ (include) speaking, listening and 3._________ (write) sections, which contain multiple choices, cloze tests and a composition. The speaking test was held from April 9 to 14, while the rest was held on June 20.
The Irish government is 4._______ (full) aware of the importance of creating the opportunity to learn Chinese 5._____ its students, especially against the backdrop of economic globalization 6._________ deepening China Ireland trade ties, said Mary Mitchell O'Connor, Ireland's former minister of higher education.
includes
written
fully
for
and
More Irish people have become 7.___________ (interest) in learning Chinese, and the number of Irish students 8._________ (come) to study in China is also expanding, O'Connor said in 2017, adding 9.______ personnel exchanges and educational 10.____________ (cooperate) between the two countries are growing well.
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。2022年爱尔兰高考中文口语考试如期举行，这是爱尔兰首次将中文纳入高考外语选考科目。
interested
coming
that
cooperation
1. 【解析】 考查序数词。句意：今年爱尔兰毕业考试的中文口语考试于周六举行，这标志着该国首次将中文作为外语选修课纳入全国高考。根据空前冠词the可知，该空需要序数词作定语。故填first。
2. 【解析】 考查谓语动词时态和主谓一致。句意：今年的中文考试包括说、听、写三个部分，包括多项选择题、完形填空和一篇作文。该空在句中作谓语。中文考试的内容应该是事实性描述，应使用一般现在时；主语test为单数形式。故填includes。
3. 【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。该空在句中做定语，表示这一部分考试是写在纸上的卷面考试。故填written。
4. 【解析】 考查副词。句意：爱尔兰前高等教育部长 Mary Mitchell O'Connor表示，爱尔兰政府充分意识到为其学生创造学习中文机会和深化中爱贸易关系的重要性，特别是在经济全球化的背景下。该空用副词修饰形容词aware，表示“充分意识到”。故填fully。
5. 【解析】 考查介词。句意见上题解析。此处表示为学生创造学中文的机会。故填for。
6. 【解析】 考查连词。句意见第4小题解析。空后的deepening短语与creating并列作介词of的宾语。故填and。
7. 【解析】 考查形容词。句意：O'Connor在2017年表示，越来越多的爱尔兰人对学习中文产生了兴趣，来中国学习的爱尔兰学生数量也在不断增加；她又补充说，两国人员交流和教育合作发展良好。该空用形容词作become的表语，修饰人。become interested in意为“对……产生兴趣”。故填interested。
8. 【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。本句中the number是主语，is expanding 是谓语。动词come在句中作后置定语，修饰名词students，两者之间为主动关系。故填coming。
9. 【解析】 考查宾语从句。句意见第7小题解析。该空后的句子成分完整，应填that引导宾语从句，作adding的宾语。故填that。
10. 【解析】 考查名词。句意见第7小题解析。分析句子可知，空前的educational为形容词，后面需接名词。cooperate为动词，其名词形式为cooperation。故填cooperation。
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Unit 2
Thinking out of the box
Period 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading(1)
课文理解与阐述
内容索引
学习目标
活动方案
1. Have a good understanding of the text “Thought experiments: the laboratory of the mind”；
2. Discuss how humans can adopt new and innovative ways of thinking to explore the world.
Ⅰ. Choose the best answers to the following according to the text.
(　　) 1. The text can be divided into __________ parts.
A. two　 B. three　
C. four　 D. five
(　　) 2. What did ancient philosophers use thought experiments to do
A. To prove other people not right in theory.
B. To cut a long stick into countless pieces.
C. To set up some hypothetical situation.
D. To explore difficult questions.
Step Ⅰ： Read the lines.
B
D
(　　) 3. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text
A. Thought experiments take place in the imagination.
B. Thought experiments are carried out in the laboratory.
C. Thought experiments function as a means of increasing knowledge.
D. The use of thought experiments dates back to the 19th century.
A
(　　) 4. The writer gives the example of John Searle's thought experiments to tell that thought experiments __________.
A. can display more about the advantage of modern science
B. can come up with a new philosophy topic to discuss
C. can stimulate debate and lead to a better understanding
D. can introduce artificial intelligence into human's mind
(　　) 5. We can infer that __________ was the first to carry out thought experiments
A. Galileo Galilei　 B. Zhuangzi　
C. Aristotle　 D. Thomas Hobbes
C
B
Ⅱ. Answer the following questions according to the text.
1. Why is it sometimes impossible to carry out experiments in the real word
【答案】 As we explore the world in greater depth, we may reach a point where it is impossible to run an experimental scenario in the real world due to physical, ethical or financial limitations.
2. In what areas are thought experiments regularly used today
【答案】 Today thought experiments are regularly used in the areas of philosophy, economics and the sciences.
1. What was the paradox exposed by Galileo
【答案】 He exposed Aristotle's paradox that a heavier ball should fall faster than a lighter one and proved it wrong.
2. What is the main idea of the last paragraph
【答案】 With hypothetical situations, we may stretch our minds by confronting and considering difficult questions, and explore the outcome of a given hypothesis which has real life significance.
Step Ⅱ： Read between the lines.
What questions did Thomas Hobbes put forward about the ship of Theseus
【答案】 What if someone collected all the original parts and rebuilt another ship Which of the ships would then be the ship of Theseus
Step Ⅲ： Read beyond the lines.
Ⅰ. 单句语境填词，注意词的词性和词形。
1. He found two wooden _______ had come loose from the ceiling, which made it a risk to live in the house.
2. He was able to ________ his ancestry back over 1,000 years.
3. Often, science _____________ the thinking behind a deeply embedded habit we have.
4. I suppose no one has any idea who ___________ the story.
5. The exhibition has ___________ many people's interest in her work.
Step Ⅳ： Consolidate and feed back.
beams
trace
disproves
originated
stimulated
6. The driver lost control on a ________(曲线) in the road and the vehicle hit a tree.
7. It is a curious ____________(矛盾的情况) that professional comedians often have unhappy personal lives.
8. We've come up with a ____________(假设的) research scenario for each of these three headlines.
9. I feel that we'll need to start thinking about how to make computers be _____________(有直觉力的).
10. Radio waves are _______________(电磁的) radiation that we can't see.
curve
paradox
hypothetical
intuitive
electromagnetic
Ⅱ. 根据课文内容填空。
Thought experiments are experiments carried out in the laboratory of the 1._________ or take place in the 2. _____________. They function as a valuable means to test the limits of our knowledge and advance our 3.________________ of the world. Ancient philosophers used them to explore 4._____________ questions. Today thought experiments are regularly used in the areas of philosophy, economics and the 5.__________.
mind
imagination
understanding
difficult
sciences
Thought experiments have 6._____________ to the development of scientific theories. With logical reasoning, thought experiments are capable of putting forward a new theory and supporting or 7.___________ an existing theory. Thought experiments can stimulate 8.__________ and lead to a more thorough understanding of the topic in question.
With hypothetical situations, thought experiments allow us to 9.__________ the outcome of a given hypothesis which has real life significance. By 10.__________ new and innovative ways of thinking, we may arrive at surprising conclusions.
contributed
disproving
debate
explore
adopting
Ⅲ. 完成句子。
1. 他喜欢收集信息，整理信息从而得出某些结论。
He likes to collect information, collate information in order to ___________ ___________________.
2. 如果你能以光速移动，你的时间就会停止。
If you could ___________________________, your time would stand still.
3. 他被公认为是世界上最好的球员。
He _____________________________ the best player in the world.
arrive at
move at the speed of light
is widely acknowledged as
certain conclusions
4. 他们会达到靠自己思考这样的境界吗？
Will they ever ___________________ they will truly think for themselves
5. 文章力求以事实说话，并以逻辑说理。
The article tries to talk ____________________________________.
6. 要是那几个月一直下雨且又冰冻怎么办？
_____________________________________ all through those months
reach a point where
with the fact and logical reasoning
What if it rained and then froze
Ⅰ. 话题拓展阅读。
From a young age, many of us learn the benefits of being an extrovert—those individuals who always seem to be the life and soul of the party, often outspoken and able to express their opinions fluently. However, not all of us are wired that way—so is being an extrovert really better
Step Ⅴ：Homework.
While thinking of an extrovert, we imagine a character who is determined, approachable, cheerful and charming. We are taught to admire these personalities early on. Kids are often encouraged to interact, play and communicate with other children. It seems at times as though children are made to have a more outgoing lifestyle, with some people becoming false extroverts—introverts who copy extrovert behaviour. While externally they may seem to enjoy the company of others, or being in the centre of public attention, they can still become over extended in intense social situations.
So, while the positive aspects of being an extrovert are plain to see, what are the benefits of introversion Although extroverts depend on social interaction, introverts are more comfortable with levels of isolation. According to Dr Berit, a college professor, extreme isolation such as times like the lockdown, does not affect introverts as much as extroverts. Lack of social contact, something extroverts rely on, can lead to depression, loneliness, and even death.
But it's not just in an extreme situation that an introvert shines through. These people seem to have more time for deep thought and thus can become more balanced. They also tend to be good listeners and think before they speak, meaning they could become great friends. Finally, introverts are often fantastic observers, as sitting out of the focus can give them more time to watch the behaviour of others.
So, whatever your personality, either introvert or extrovert, there are clear advantages to being either, and if you meet an introvert, you might just end up with an amazing friend.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了外向者和内向者不同的特点和各自的优势，同时指出疫情封锁时对这两类人的影响。
一、 阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
(　　) 1. What is a distinctive characteristic of an extrovert
A. Intelligent.　 B. Considerate.　
C. Sociable.　 D. Responsible.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“From a young age, many of us learn the benefits of being an extrovert—those individuals who always seem to be the life and soul of the party, often outspoken and able to express their opinions fluently.”可推知，外向者的显著特征是擅长社交。故选C。
C
(　　) 2. Which statement is true according to Dr Berit
A. Introverts should learn from extroverts.
B. Extroverts tend to become better friends.
C. Introverts prefer staying cut off from others.
D. Extroverts find it tougher to handle isolation.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“According to Dr Berit, a college professor, extreme…extroverts rely on, can lead to depression, loneliness, and even death.”可知，外向的人与内向的人相比，前者对于处理孤独这一问题，表现得更困难一些。故选D。
D
(　　) 3. What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us
A. The influence of introverts.
B. The strengths of being introverts.
C. The causes of introverts' behaviour.
D. The personalities of false introverts.
【解析】 段落大意题。根据第四段整段内容可知，内向的人也有许多优点及长处，所以，第四段主要告诉我们内向者所具备的优势。故选B。
B
(　　) 4. What's the purpose of the text
A. To state a viewpoint.　 B. To advocate a lifestyle.
C. To introduce a technique.　 D. To describe a phenomenon.
【解析】 写作目的题。根据最后一段以及结合整篇文章可知，文章主要说明了外向者和内向者不同的特点和各自的优势，同时指出疫情封锁对这两类人的影响。综上所述，这篇文章的目的是陈述观点。故选A。
A
二、 分析文章中下列句子的表达形式(指出下列句子的结构，如果是简单句，划出基本成分)。
1. From a young age, many of us learn the benefits of being an extrovert—those individuals who always seem to be the life and soul of the party, often outspoken and able to express their opinions fluently.
【答案】 本句为主从复合句，主句为主谓宾结构。主句的主语是“many of us”，谓语是learn, 宾语是“the benefits”。“Those individuals”是“an extrovert”的同位语，who引导定语从句“who always seem to be the life and soul of the party, often outspoken and able to express their opinions fluently”，修饰先行词“those individuals”。
2. While thinking of an extrovert, we imagine a character who is determined, approachable, cheerful and charming.
【答案】 本句为主从复合句，主句为主谓宾结构。“While thinking of an extrovert”是现在分词作时间状语；主句的主语是we，谓语是imagine，“who is determined, approachable, cheerful and charming”是定语从句，修饰宾语“a character”.
3. Finally, introverts are often fantastic observers, as sitting out of the focus can give them more time to watch the behaviour of others.
【答案】 本句为主从复合句， 主句为主系表结构。 introverts是主语，系动词是 are，表语是fantastic observers。在as引导的原因状语从句中，动名词短语“sitting out of the focus”作主语。
三、 翻译文章中的下列句子。
1. It seems at times as though children are made to have a more outgoing lifestyle, with some people becoming false extroverts—introverts who copy extrovert behaviour.
【答案】 有时候，孩子们似乎天生就有一种更外向的生活方式，有些人变成了伪外向者——模仿外向行为的内向者。
2. While externally they may seem to enjoy the company of others, or being in the centre of public attention, they can still become over extended in intense social situations.
【答案】 尽管从外表上看，他们似乎喜欢与他人相处，或者成为公众关注的焦点，但在激烈的社交场合中，他们仍然会过度张扬。
3. So, whatever your personality, either introvert or extrovert, there are clear advantages to being either, and if you meet an introvert, you might just end up with an amazing friend.
【答案】 所以，无论你的性格是内向还是外向，两者都有各自明显的优势，如果你遇到一个内向的人，你最终可能会有一个了不起的朋友。
Ⅱ. 七选五。
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Now I live in Paris. Actually, I don't mind the food or the people, but I do care about the land that is extraordinarily lack of characteristics of hiking. I enjoy being outdoors and hiking, but Paris's natural resources don't hold much potential for my bent. So when my dad asked if I wanted to go hiking with him, I was overjoyed. 1 It turned out that I was too optimistic.
We started our main hike up Flattop Mountain. As we hiked it was much more challenging than I expected. 2 The path is winding and we saw mountains towering over the green valleys and cliffs that seemed endless. What amazed me most was that thick clouds enveloped the mountainsides. _3_
I stared up at the top to see how much farther we had to go and I began to worry that I wouldn't finish it. 4 It made me doubtful about my persistence(坚持). But when we looked back at the path that faded in the distance, I was filled with fulfilment with seeing how much we had done.
As I was hiking, I started to reflect on how hiking was similar to other aspects of my life. 5 It reminded me of my struggles in my classes and the difficulties I had to overcome. I spotted that the process of learning isn't always the most fun, but the fulfilment after seeing how much I had finished just increases the thirst for knowledge, causing me to long for more learning. Looking down at the mountain I was content but never fully satisfied. Having considered a lot, I was determined to pursue the summit(山顶)．
A. Hiking could make me fly.
B. Hiking gave time for my mind to wander.
C. I thought I would finish the journey with ease.
D. But I was shocked at the beauty surrounding me.
E. I was satisfied with the landscape along the way.
F. It was unlike anything I had ever witnessed before.
G. A recent ankle injury had left me unsure of my physical capabilities.
1._______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______ 5. _______
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章中作者通过介绍自己徒步旅行的经历，告诉我们要勇于面对生活中的困难，坚定地克服。
C
D
F
G
B
1. 【解析】 根据上文“So when my dad asked if I wanted to go hiking with him, I was overjoyed.”可知，作者喜欢徒步旅行，正好作者的爸爸邀请作者一起去徒步旅行。C项意为“我以为我会轻松地完成这段旅程，”选项能够承接上文，因为作者喜欢徒步旅行，所以认为自己会轻松地完成这次与父亲一起的旅程。故选C。
2. 【解析】 根据下文“The path is winding and we saw mountains towering over the green valleys and cliffs that seemed endless.”可知，下文描述了山周围的美景。D项意为“但我对周围的美景感到震惊”，选项能够引起下文，且与上文构成转折关系，虽然这次徒步旅行比作者预想的要困难得多，但作者仍对周围的美景感到震惊。故选D。
3. 【解析】 根据上文“What amazed me most was that thick clouds enveloped the mountainsides.”可知，上文描述了让作者吃惊的美景，厚厚的云层笼罩着山腰。F项意为“这和我以前见过的任何事物都不一样”，选项能够承接上文，厚厚的云层笼罩着山腰，这样的美景和作者以前见过的任何事物都不一样。故选F。
4. 【解析】 根据下文“It made me doubtful about my persistence(坚持)．”可知，这里介绍了某种因素让作者对自己是否能坚持完成徒步旅行产生了怀疑。G项意为“最近的一次脚踝受伤让我对自己的体能没有把握”，选项能够引起下文，正是因为脚踝受伤，所以让作者怀疑自己是否能坚持完成徒步旅行。故选G。
5. 【解析】 根据上文“As I was hiking, I started to reflect on how hiking was similar to other aspects of my life.”可知，上文介绍了作者开始思考徒步旅行与其生活其他方面的相似性。B项意为“徒步旅行让我有时间思考”，选项能够承接上文，陈述了徒步旅行带给作者的思考，且能引起下文，下文描述了作者思考的内容，徒步旅行让作者想起了自己在课堂上的努力和自己必须克服的困难。故选B。
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Unit 2
Thinking out of the box
Period 5　Extended reading(1)
文本理解与阐述
内容索引
学习目标
活动方案
1. Understand the article “How the world got eyeglasses” by skimming & scanning;
2. Retell the text in your own words and write a summary of it.
Ⅰ. Choose the best answers to the following according to the text.
(　　) 1. Which of the following breakthroughs doesn't rank before eyeglasses
A. Electronics. 　 B. Bandage.　
C. Electricity.　 D. Penicillin.
Step Ⅰ： Read the lines.
B
(　　) 2. The writer mentioned the experiment to __________.　
A. show how to clean a piece of glass before reading
B. tell the way of keeping reading with glasses
C. talk about how to wear eyeglasses properly
D. emphasize the importance of eyeglasses
(　　) 3. People began to make __________ as early as 2,000 years ago.
A. spectacles with arm pieces　 B. shaping glass
C. reading stones　 D. curved glass
D
C
(　　) 4. The first corrective lenses appeared in __________.
A. Italy　 B. China　
C. Australia　 D. Egypt
(　　) 5. It gets more and more comfortable for people to wear eyeglasses due to __________.
A. the invention of smart glasses
B. the development of technology
C. their usefulness and promotion
D. threads tied to the frames　
A
B
Ⅱ. Answer the following questions according to the text.
1. What contributed to the books becoming plentiful and relatively cheaper
【答案】 The invention of the printing press in the 15th century made the books being plentiful and relatively inexpensive.
2. Why do some people oppose the use of smart glasses
【答案】 They believe that a device that allows its wearer to record people without their knowledge, almost anywhere and anytime, is disturbing and might have potential negative impact.
1. What's the similarity of inventing corrective lenses and improving the design of spectacles
【答案】 Both by trial and error, that is, people did the experiments again and again to improve the technology.
2. What does “reading while eating often meant spectacles in the soup” mean
【答案】 It means that if people read with spectacles while eating, spectacles might fall into the soup. This refers to the challenge of how to get spectacles to stay comfortably on the face and inconvenience of wearing them.
Step Ⅱ： Read between the lines.
How do you think the ethical dilemma of smart glasses can be solved
【答案】 I think if we want to solve ethical dilemma posed by the development of smart glasses, we need to avoid the potential negative impact of them. Or we can try to improve the usefulness so that it would outweigh potential problems. What's more, we must try to pass new laws to protect human's privacy when new technology is being invented and applied.
Step Ⅲ： Read beyond the lines.
根据课文内容填空。
About 2,000 years ago, people began making magnifying glasses, which were probably the first simple 1. ___________ lenses. It is widely believed that corrective lenses first appeared in Italy in the 1280s.
As people thought glasses made them look more 2. ____________ or sophisticated. They were given away as 3. ____ and were popular among people who didn't even need them, so spectacles 4. ________ on quickly soon. The invention of printing press 5. _______ the demand for reading glasses. While the quality of the lenses was improving rapidly, getting them to stay 6.____________ on the face was a great 7. _____________. People attempted to overcome this problem by trial and 8. ____.
Step Ⅳ： Consolidate and feed back.
corrective
intelligent
gifts
caught
drove
comfortably
challenge
error
Unfortunately, now we are facing an ethical dilemma posed by the development of smart glasses. We need to avoid the potential 9. __________ impact of this new invention in various ways. Let's wait and see if smart glasses would follow the same path as regular glasses, or in other words, if their usefulness would 10. __________ potential problems.
negative
outweigh
Ⅰ. 话题拓展阅读。
Stephen Wamukota, a boy from Mukwa village in Western Kenya, is making the headlines worldwide for his creative hand washing machine. The young boy came up with the idea after watching village residents, who didn't have easy access to running water, struggle to find an effective way to wash their hands to avoid spreading and contracting COVID 19.
Step Ⅴ： Homework.
Using the few resources at hand—wood scraps, nails, and a bucket—Stephen designed and built a simple, but functional, cleansing station. The clever creation, which consists of two pedals(踏板)—one to release soap and the other to release water—enables villagers to wash their hands contact free, thereby reducing the likelihood of catching the disease. “I had bought some pieces of wood to make a window frame, but when I came back home after work one day, I found that Stephen had made the machine，” his father, James, told the BBC. “The concept was his, and I helped tighten the machine. I'm very proud.” James credits Stephen's building ability to the village school's curriculum(课程), which teaches children to assemble(装配) and construct items from a very young age.
The invention, which spread rapidly after James posted a photo on Meta, has made Stephen an instant celebrity in Kenya. In early June 2020, the country's leader, President Uhuru Kenyatta, gave the Uzalendo Award to the boy. The newly created presidential honour is designed to acknowledge citizens who are making great contributions towards the nation's fight against COVID 19.
Stephen has also been promised a full scholarship to a school that can develop his creative talent by Bungoma County Governor Wycliffe Wangamati. “We are waiting for school to open to contact him about his promise. He(the governor) told me that once school opens, he will give him a scholarship to a school that can match his talents，” James told CNN.
Though thrilled at the unexpected fame and success, Stephen is not resting on his honours. The young boy has already built another hand washing machine and plans on adding several more, so that the village, which has no reported cases of the infectious disease, can remain virus free!
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了男孩Stephen Wamukota发明的洗手机不仅为当地村民解决了洗手问题，还为新型冠状病毒的防控做出了重要贡献。
一、 阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
(　　) 1. What problem did the villagers have
A. They failed to get access to the COVID 19 treatment.
B. They suffered from a lack of running water.
C. They didn't know how to wash their hands properly.
D. They didn't know how to use the hand washing machine.
B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The young boy came up with the idea after watching village residents, who didn't have easy access to running water, struggle to find an effective way to wash their hands to avoid spreading and contracting COVID 19.”可知，“didn't have easy access to running water”正是问题所在，肯尼亚西部人员饱尝缺乏自来水之苦。故选B。
( ) 2.What does James think of the village school's curriculum
A. He sings high praise of it.　 B. He considers it very abstract.
C. He thinks it too professional.　 D. He has reservations about it.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“James credits Stephen's building ability to the village school's curriculum(课程), which teaches children to assemble(装配) and construct items from a very young age.”可推知，James把Stephen出色的动手能力归功于学校的课程，说明James对村庄里学校的课程评价很高。故选A。
A
( ) 3.What made the invention known to the public
A. The country leader's promotion.　 B. Word of mouth from citizens.
C. An unexpected award.　 D. A photo on Meta.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The invention, which spread rapidly after James posted a photo on Meta, has made Stephen an instant celebrity in Kenya.”可知，是一张发布在Meta上的照片使这一发明为公众所知。故选D。
D
( ) 4.What does Stephen plan to do
A. Win more scholarships for his school.
B. Help report the cases of infectious diseases.
C. Build more hand washing machines.
D. Urge the governor to perform his promise.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The young boy has already built another hand washing machine and plans on adding several more”可知，Stephen计划再多做几台洗手机。故选C。
C
二、 分析文章中下列句子的表达形式(指出下列句子的结构，如果是简单句，划出基本成分)。
1. Stephen Wamukota, a boy from Mukwa village in Western Kenya, is making the headlines worldwide for his creative hand washing machine.
【答案】 本句为简单句，主句使用了主谓宾结构。“Stephen Wamukota”是主语，后面紧随的“a boy from Mukwa village in Western Kenya”是同位语，“is making”是谓语， “the headlines”是宾语，“worldwide for his creative hand washing machine”是宾语补足语。
2. The young boy came up with the idea after watching village residents, who didn't have easy access to running water, struggle to find an effective way to wash their hands to avoid spreading and contracting COVID 19.
【答案】 本句为主从复合句，主句使用了主谓宾结构。“who didn't have easy access to running water, struggle to find an effective way to wash their hands to avoid spreading and contracting COVID 19”是定语从句，修饰先行词“village residents”。
3. James credits Stephen's building ability to the village school's curriculum, which teaches children to assemble and construct items from a very young age.
【答案】 本句为主从复合句，主句使用了主谓宾结构。“which teaches children to assemble(装配) and construct items from a very young age”是定语从句，修饰主句。
三、 翻译文章中的下列句子。
1. Using the few resources at hand—wood scraps, nails, and a bucket—Stephen designed and built a simple, but functional, cleansing station.
【答案】 斯蒂芬利用手头的少量资源——木屑、钉子和一个桶——设计并建造了一个简单但功能强大的清洁站。
2. The newly created presidential honour is designed to acknowledge citizens who are making great contributions towards the nation's fight against COVID 19.
【答案】 新设立的总统荣誉奖旨在表彰为国家抗击新冠肺炎做出巨大贡献的公民。
3. “He(the governor) told me that once school opens, he will give him a scholarship to a school that can match his talents，” James told CNN.
【答案】 詹姆斯告诉有线电视新闻网：“他(县长)告诉我，一旦学校开学，他将给斯蒂芬一份奖学金，让他去一所能与他的才华相当的学校读书。”
4. The young boy has already built another hand washing machine and plans on adding several more, so that the village, which has no reported cases of the infectious disease, can remain virus free!
【答案】 这个小男孩已经制造了另一台洗手机，并计划再增加几台，这样这个没有传染病报告病例的村庄就可以免受病毒侵害了！
Ⅱ. 七选五。
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How Successful People Spend the Last Hour of Their Workday
As the hours of peak productivity start to decline, most of us begin watching the clock, eager to get away from our desks. But ending the workday with purpose can boost success both inside and outside of the office, which helps us to work tomorrow. _1_
Many of us spend our last hour of work making a to do list for tomorrow. _2_“The last hour of a day should be spent on reflection—the failures and successes，” says Levin, founding editor of Real Leaders. He recommends writing down the day's wins rather than failures or to dos, and reviewing your list of successes once a month.
The chances are that a long day of meetings and decision making leaves you feeling completely fried by four or five o'clock. However, we still hope our last hour of work is effective and efficient. 3 These tasks won't demand much brainpower, but research shows they could make a big difference to your overall productivity.
Successful people never bring the day's failures home. Instead, they end their day by making analysis of the problems they encountered, brainstorming possible solutions. 4 Waking up with a purposeful goal in mind can make them feel more active to the first item that happens to them. Eventually, they will deal with those problems with renewed energy after a good night's sleep
5 If your day often winds down by four or five o'clock, Levin recommends taking advantage of the quiet time by checking in with yourself, it can include planning your next tasks or learning the latest content in your field.
A. And then leave them for tomorrow.
B. Thus, put them into practice as soon as possible.
C. Successful people review the day they just had, instead.
D. You have to increase your productivity to meet your deadline.
E. It's better to knock out small projects like tidying up your desk.
F. We can learn how successful people spend the last hour of their workday.
G. Like regular check ins with your boss, schedule a daily meeting with yourself.
1._______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______ 5. _______
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了成功人士工作日一天中最后的时间安排。
F
C
E
A
G
1. 【解析】 根据上文“But ending the workday with purpose can boost success both inside and outside of the office, which helps us to work tomorrow.”可知，文章要谈论的是成功人士工作日一天中最后的时间如何度过，设空位置位于首段的段尾，通常具有承上启下的作用。由此可知，F项“我们可以了解成功人士如何度过工作日的最后一个小时。”符合题意。故选F。
2. 【解析】 根据下文“‘The last hour of a day should be spent on reflection—the failures and successes，’ says Levin, founding editor of Real Leaders.”可知，这里说的是成功人士会反思自己度过的一天。C项“相反，成功人士会回顾他们刚刚度过的一天。”符合题意。故选C。
3. 【解析】 根据下文“These tasks won't demand much brainpower, but research shows they could make a big difference to your overall productivity.”可知，上文说的是可以做一些小事情，E项“最好完成一些小项目，比如整理桌子。”符合题意。故选E。
4. 【解析】 根据上文“Successful people never bring the day's failures home. Instead, they end their day by making analysis of the problems they encountered, brainstorming possible solutions.”可知，这里说的是分析问题，寻找解决方案，然后留到明天去做。A项“然后把它们留到明天。”符合题意，选项中的“them”指的就是上文中的“solutions”。故选A。
5. 【解析】 根据下文“If your day often winds down by four or five o'clock, Levin recommends taking advantage of the quiet time by checking in with yourself, it can include planning your next tasks or learning the latest content in your field.”可知，这一段主要说的是结束一天的任务后留一段时间给自己。G项“像定期与上司会面一样，安排每天与自己会面。”符合题意。故选G。
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