资源简介

(共46张PPT)
Unit 3
Our culture, our treasure
Period 4　Integrated skills
技能感悟与操练
内容索引
学习目标
活动方案
1. Learn and catch key information about Chinese shadow puppetry;
2. Work out the meanings of some important expressions;
3. Write an article about acknowledging others' opinions.
【答案】 老师可自行设计
Step Ⅰ： Check and review.
Ⅰ. Listen to a news report about Chinese shadow puppetry and finish the tasks in Part B on P37.
Ⅱ. Read an encyclopaedia entry about Chinese shadow puppetry, have a discussion about it and pay attention to how to acknowledge others' opinions.
Ⅲ. Write an article to promote Chinese shadow puppetry in modern society.
Step Ⅱ： Practise and learn.
文 体 常 识
一、 文体特点
推荐信是向收信人推荐人或事物(包括美食、求职、旅游景点等)的应用文。推荐物品时，应写清物品的好处或优点，用词应简练明了。
二、 谋篇布局
第 1段：写信目的(自我介绍并说明推荐人/物)；
第 2段：推荐理由(介绍被推荐者的情况，如姓名、个人素质、工作态度、学习成绩等，说明推荐理由)；
第 3段：表达谢意并期待回复。
三、 经典句式
1. I am writing to you to recommend one of my college classmates in Beijing.
我给你写信是要推荐一位我在北京的大学同学。
2. In addition to her excellence in academic study, she also performs very well in her job.
她除了在专业学习方面优秀外，在工作中也表现出色。
3. She also performed well in other courses, ranking top in her class.
在其他课程中，她也表现突出，在班上名列前茅。
4. He is very intelligent, honest, creative, and very easy to get on with.
他很聪明、诚实、富有创造性，而且很容易相处。
5. As a diligent boy, his performance was outstanding in the school years. He can use the computer skillfully and has a gift for communicating with others.
作为一个勤奋的男孩，他在校期间表现很突出。他能熟练使用电脑，并有与他人沟通的天赋。
6. I'm sure he can make close friends with you. Therefore, I here recommend him to you with all my heart.
他肯定会和你成为亲密的朋友，因此我衷心把他推荐给你。
7. I'll be more than happy if you can take my suggestions/ideas into consideration.
如果你能考虑我的建议/想法，我会非常高兴。
8. Thanks for your attention and hope to receive your reply.
多谢你的关注，希望能收到你的回复。
9. If you have any questions about it, please contact me. Looking forward to meeting you soon.
有问题请联系我，期待早日见到您。
四、 推荐信模板
Dear ，
I am writing to recommend (被推荐人) to you. During his/her graduate years, he/she was my (被推荐人的身份). As his/her (我的身份), I found him/her (被推荐人的品质)．
His/Her performance in the school years was outstanding. First, he/she had been (某种身份) in my class and showed great talents in (某方面). In addition, he/she has a very pleasant personality.
He/She has developed a strong sense of (品质), and working with him/her is always (情感). I can state that he/she has all the qualities of being (身份).
Therefore, I here recommend him/her to you with all my heart. I am sure that his/her future conduct/academic work will prove worthy of your confidence. I look forward to hearing from you at the earliest possible moment.
Yours，
____________
实 践 演 练
假定你是李华，你的外国好友Mary 最近对中国美食很感兴趣，请你写一封邮件向她推荐自己家乡的特色美食，内容包括：
1. 简要介绍特色美食；
2. 推荐该美食的理由；
3. 邀请好友来家乡品尝美食。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Dear Mary,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
I am very happy to know you are interested in Chinese food. I'd like to recommend Nanjing salted duck, a very famous local food.
With a long history, salted duck tastes very good with its soft meat and special flavor, which has been a unique dish of Nanjing. You can find it in Chinatown.
However, the best place to eat salted duck must be in Nanjing. Therefore, I hope you can come here and enjoy some authentic salted duck.　
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空。
1. The disease affects ____________(full) 30 per cent of the population.
2. The ___________(colour) flags added to the joy of the occasion.
3. At a single ____________(move) of his hand, the room fell silent.
4. This chapter concerns itself with the ____________(history) background.
5. The college has brought me into contact with ___________(west) ideas.
6. Successful businesses are ____________(high) adaptable to economic change.
Step Ⅲ： Consolidate and feed back.
fully
colourful
motion
historical
western
highly
7. The system has been in ___________(operate) for six months and works well.
8. The article is well organized and presents the ideas __________(skillful).
9. He has a number of social ____________(engage) next week.
10. As usual there will be the local and ____________(region) elections on December 20th.
operation
skillfully
engagements
regional
Ⅱ. 根据语境用适当的介词或副词填空。
1. When he was 30, back in 1953, he was working ________ a research assistant in the university.
2. “Speed up. 70 km/h isn't fast enough. You are holding up the traffic，” ordered another voice from the seat next ________ me.
3. It is reported that the game will be played ___________ China and Japan.
4. I sat on the side of the stage, ____________ my script open on a music stand in front of me.
5. Even though our eyes are closed, they move rapidly from side ____ side.
as
to
between
with
to
6. Thanks ________ electronic mail, today you can send a letter halfway around the world in seconds simply by clicking a mouse.
7. Her mother was often ill, so from the age of two her father took her with him to work and taught her ____________stocks and shares.
8. Pluto, the former member of the solar system, is too far away to be seen ____________ the aid of a powerful telescope.
9. Apart ____________ the cold, thin air and low oxygen levels also can cause mountain sickness.
10. ________ view of the weather, the basketball match will be held indoors.
to
about
with
from
In
Ⅲ. 从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语填空。
drop out; play a role in; set about; prefer; pass on; capture; acquire; accomplish; spread; on the decline
1. It seems that popular culture has also ___________________ influencing reading choices.
2. The information ________________ to another government department.
3. The company ______________ 30% of the market share since its establishment.
4. The global economic growth is __________________ this year.
played a role in
was passed on
has captured
on the decline
5. We can use him as a backup if one of the other players ___________.
6. Within weeks, his confidence _____________ throughout the team.
7. We will manage ________________ the task in time even though it is difficult.
8. After the earthquake, the people ___________ rebuilding their homes.
9. She soon ____________ a reputation as a first class cook.
10. I have this theory that most people ____________ being at work to being at home.
drops out
has spread
to accomplish
set about
acquired
prefer
Ⅳ. 完成句子。
1. 人们相信这个病毒不会大规模的传播。
______________________ the virus will not spread on a large scale.
2. 锻炼身体的最好办法是慢跑。
There is nothing like jogging _______________________.
3. 校园欺凌的问题已引起公众的密切关注。
The problem of bullying on campus _______________________________.
It is believed that
as a means of exercise
has attracted close public attention
4. 语言学习容易受到情感因素的影响，这是一个得到广泛认可的观点。
It ____________________________ language learning is easily influenced by affective factors.
5. 如果睡眠不足，你可能无法像往常一样清楚地看到事物。
If there is ______________________, you may not be able to see things as clearly as usual.
6. 如果有同学提出问题，演讲的老师会当场给出建议。
If a student asks a question, the teacher who gives the lecture _________ ___________________.
is widely acknowledged that
a shortage of sleep
will give
advice on the spot
Ⅰ. 单句语境填词，注意词的词性和词形。
1. She failed to satisfy all the requirements for ___________ to the college.
2. The exercises are designed to ___________ and tone your leg muscles.
3. They talked about the competing theories of the ____________ of life.
4. Tangshan shadow ____________ deserves its niche among Chinese folk arts.
5. I did not ______________ that he had done anything wrong.
Step Ⅳ： Homework.
entry
stretch
origin
puppetry
acknowledge
6. ___________ development has led to the ruination of vast areas of countryside.
7. I rested my fishing __________(杆) against a pine tree and had a rest.
8. Tea processing requires both technique and ____________(艺术技巧).
9. The occupying forces set up a ____________(傀儡) government.
10. The plan has the added advantage of bringing employment to ________ (农村的) areas.
Urban
rod
artistry
puppet
rural
Ⅱ. 阅读理解。
Rich countries are racing to dematerialize payments. They need to do more to prepare for the side effects.
For the past 3,000 years, when people thought of money they thought of cash. Over the past decade, however, digital payments have taken off—tapping your plastic on a terminal or swiping a smartphone has become normal. Now this revolution is about to turn cash into an endangered species in some rich economies. That will make the economy more efficient—but it also causes new problems that could hold back the transition(转型)．
Countries are removing cash at varying speeds. In Sweden the number of retail cash transaction per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years. America is perhaps a decade behind. Outside the rich world, cash is still king. But even there its leading role is being challenged. In China digital payments rose from 4% of all payments in 2012 to 34% in 2017.
Cash is dying out because of two forces. One is demand—younger consumers want payment systems that plug easily into their digital lives. But equally important is that suppliers such as banks and tech firms(in developed markets) and telecom companies(in emerging ones) are developing fast, easy to use payment technologies from which they can pull data and pocket fees. There is a high cost to running the infrastructure behind the cash economy—ATMs, vans carrying notes, tellers who accept coins. Most financial firms are keen to abandon it, or discourage old fashioned customers with heavy fees.
In the main, the prospect of a cashless economy is excellent news. Cash is inefficient. When payments dematerialize, people and shops are less open to theft. It also creates a credit history, helping consumers borrow.
Yet set against these benefits are a couple of worries. Electronic payment systems may risk technical failures, power failure and cyber attacks. In a cashless economy the poor, the elderly and country folk may be left behind. And a digital system could let governments watch over people's shopping habits and private multinationals exploit their personal data.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。富裕国家正在减少现金支付，现金因为需求等原因正在消失。总的来说，未来的无现金经济是个好消息，但是对于电子支付，人们也有一些担忧。
( ) 1. Some rich countries are trying to ____________.
A. dematerialize money
B. get rid of the side effects of cash
C. make the economy more efficient by protecting endangered species
D. promote payment without paper money or coins
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Rich countries are racing to dematerialize payments.”可知， 富裕国家正竞相将支付非物质化；根据第三段中“In Sweden the number of retail cash transaction per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years.”可知，在过去的十年中，瑞典的人均零售现金交易数量下降了80%。由此可知某些富裕国家比如瑞典，正在减少现金支付，推广不用纸币或硬币的支付方式，也就是电子支付方式。故选D。
D
( ) 2. In Paragraph 3, several countries are mentioned to show _______.
A. the differences between developed and developing countries
B. that cash is still king across the world
C. digital payments are becoming a trend that cannot be stopped
D. China is developing faster than those developed countries in digital payments
C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，在过去的十年中，瑞典的人均零售现金交易数量下降了80%；在中国，数字支付从2012年占所有支付的4%，上升到2017年的34%。瑞典和中国的共同点是现金支付比例减少，电子支付比例上升，由此可推知，作者提到瑞典和中国是为了说明数字支付正成为一种不可阻挡的趋势。故选C。
( ) 3. Cash is disappearing largely because ____________.
A. younger consumers are short of money to live their digital lives
B. suppliers are trying to reduce costs and obtain money and data
C. the infrastructure is developing at a high speed in developed markets
D. financial firms want to abandon old fashioned customers
B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“But equally important is that suppliers such as banks and tech firms(in developed markets)… or discourage old fashioned customers with heavy fees.”可知，现金消失的一个重要原因就是诸如银行和科技公司(在发达市场)和电信公司(在新兴市场)之类的供应商正在开发快速、易于使用的支付技术，他们可以从中提取数据和小费。运行现金经济背后的基础架构需要付出高昂的成本。大多数金融公司都渴望放弃它，或者以高昂的费用劝阻老式客户。也就是说，供应商为了减少成本，获取数据和小费，开发了更便捷的支付方式，导致现金支付的减少。故选B。
( ) 4. The author's attitude towards digitalized payments is __________.
A. favorable　 B. negative　
C. objective　 D. indifferent
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者提到无现金支付即电子支付的好处，也提到电子支付引起的担忧，所以作者对待电子支付的态度是客观的。故选C。
C
Ⅲ. 七选五。
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
As a working mother, my years passed without time for relaxing. The kids have been out of the nest, and I have been retired. Now I could take some time for ME!
1 As a lifelong list maker, I did my research. There were relaxation activities like meditation(冥想), exercise, socializing … I was determined to find the one thing that truly filled my soul. And so I began my not so smooth journey to find myself.
Meditation was the first to come and go. I never fully understood how to shut my mind off. I always felt like I was just waiting for it to end. Next, I tried “Teatime as Me Time”. 2 I imagined sitting across from a dear friend, drinking elegantly from delicate cups, but that is as far as it ever went. I have the fancy tea set (never used) and a shelf full of tea packages that I will never consume. Exercise is a highly recommended me time activity. But for me, after a week or so of training, exercise time was killing me. 3 Many other me time experiments left me wanting less of them, not more. I felt like a failure at this me time thing. I could spend the whole morning watching the big, fuzzy bees in my garden. In those moments, time stood still. 4 I discovered that I truly desired less emphasis on me altogether.
Maybe the experts had this me time thing all wrong, and it had little to do with “me” or “time” as I was defining it. Perhaps we are too concerned with how we spend our time instead of enjoying the nothingness of simply being. Instead of viewing it as a hesitation between activities, we can shift our awareness into welcoming timelessness. 5 Maybe a better version of “me time” is simply “be time” … or, better yet, “bee time”！
A. Taking the focus off myself was a relief.
B. Of course, there were many possibilities.
C. At first, I was very enthusiastic about this.
D. So, I eventually crossed these ideas off my list.
E. Sitting around feeling special doesn't feel special to me.
F. I still value all those busy years but I know I should learn to relax.
G. Witnessing simple moments of nature re centered my soul better than anything else.
1. 　2. 　3. 　4. 　5. .
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了作者退休后进行的寻找自我的一些尝试和感悟。
B
C
D
A
G
1. 【解析】 下文“As a lifelong list maker, I did my research. There were relaxation activities like meditation(冥想), exercise, socializing… I was determined to find the one thing that truly filled my soul.”提到了一些可能做的事情。B项中possibilities是关键词，与下文可能做的事情相呼应，所以B项能概括下文的内容。故选B。
2. 【解析】 上文“Next, I tried ‘Teatime as Me Time.’”提到了茶时间；下文“I imagined sitting across from a dear friend, drinking elegantly from delicate cups, but that is as far as it ever went.”提到了想象和朋友优雅畅饮的场面。C项中enthusiastic是关键词，与下文“作者想象喝茶场景”相呼应，说明作者起初对茶时间感兴趣，所以C项承上启下，符合语境。故选C。
3. 【解析】 上文“I have the fancy tea set … after a week or so of training, exercise time was killing me.”提到了作者从未有过茶时间和对锻炼的不良感受，所以作者不想进行这些活动，D项与上文构成因果关系，符合语境。故选D。
4. 【解析】 上文“I felt like a failure at this me time thing. I could spend the whole morning watching the big, fuzzy bees in my garden. In those moments, time stood still.”提到了作者的压抑。A项中relief是关键词，与上文提到的压抑之情相呼应，所以A项与上文构成因果关系，符合语境。故选A。
5. 【解析】 上文“Perhaps we are too concerned with … we can shift our awareness into welcoming timelessness.”提到了享受简单、转变意识等。G项中simple moments是关键词，与上文相呼应，所以G项承接上文，符合语境。故选G。
Ⅳ. 写作。
假定你是学生会主席李华，你听说Peter下学期要来我们学校任教，你写信向他推荐高三学生李民作为他的助理。推荐理由如下：
1. 李民在校表现突出；
2. 勤奋，能熟练使用计算机，善于与他人交流；
3. 学校的优秀学生之一，英语口语好。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Dear Peter，
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
I'm Li Hua, chairman of the Students' Union. I'm glad to hear that you are coming to teach in our school next term. I am writing to recommend Li Min, a Senior 3 student of 18, as your assistant.
As a diligent boy, his performance is outstanding in the school years. He can use the computer skillfully and has a gift for communicating with others. What's more, he is one of the top ten students in our school, and his spoken English is excellent. I'm sure he can make close friends with you. Therefore, I here recommend him to you with all my heart.
Looking forward to your coming.　
Ⅴ. 自我拓展提升。
积累阅读语块(整理自己感兴趣的单词、短语、经典句)。
谢谢观看
Thank you for watching(共49张PPT)
Unit 3
Our culture, our treasure
Period 5　Extended reading(1)
文本理解与阐述
内容索引
学习目标
活动方案
1. Understand the text “Confucius's philosophy: a moral inspiration” by skimming & scanning;
2. Retell the text in your own words and write a summary of it.
Ⅰ. Choose the best answers to the following according to the text.
(　　) 1. Confucius lived in the Spring and Autumn period for _________.
A. 51 years　 B. 79 years　
C. 72 years　 D. 85 years
Step Ⅰ： Read the lines.
C
(　　) 2. The Analects of Confucius is a book about ____________.
A. Confucius's teaching and study of philosophy
B. Confucius's sayings recorded and compiled by his students
C. Confucius's travelling experiences
D. Confucius's stories of teaching and his ideas
B
(　　) 3. Confucius travelled from state to state for 14 years to _________.
A. spread his ideas and discuss philosophical questions
B. teach students all over the country
C. escape from the enemy of the state
D. enjoy the beautiful scenery and write articles
A
(　　) 4. The key concepts of the core of Confucius's thinking are ______.
A. harmony, uniformity and friendship
B. righteousness, gentleman and responsibility
C. diversity, appreciation and inclusiveness
D. Ren, Yi and Li
D
(　　) 5. The philosophy of Confucius can provide us with ____________.
A. economic development achievements
B. valuable moral guidance
C. rich travelling experiences
D. unique domestic policy
B
Ⅱ. Answer the following questions according to the text.
1. How is Confucius's concept of Ren defined
【答案】 Ren is generally defined as “benevolence”， which means loving people. Confucius emphasized that love should begin with the love of one's parents, and it is then expanded into the love of all people.
2. How should we understand “ritual” in social life according to Confucius
【答案】 It means we should behave in the most appropriate way in any given situation, based on social customs and one's relationship with other people involved.
1. How should we get on well with others according to Confucius
【答案】 According to his thinking, we should put ourselves in the other person's position, regarding it as a code of conduct to live harmoniously with others.
2. Which part of Confucius's concepts can influence young students' behavior positively
【答案】 Confucius's ideas about conventions of ritual and etiquette can positively influence young students a lot, even in life today. For example, students should honour their teachers, and children should show respect for their elders.
Step Ⅱ： Read between the lines.
What do you think of Confucius's idea “Children should not travel far when their parents are alive.”？
【答案】 By saying so, Confucius emphasized that love should begin with the love of one's parents. I agree to the idea that we should love our parents indeed. But in a broad sense, I think we should love our motherland first and be determined to serve the mankind. In modern times, it's impossible to stay at home without travelling just because our parents are still alive. With the development society, we need to improve our ideas and change our concept to meet the needs of the country with great ambition.
Step Ⅲ： Read beyond the lines.
根据课文内容填空。
Confucius lived in the Spring and Autumn period, from about 551 BCE to 479 BCE, but he has made a major 1. ______________ to human civilization.
He founded the philosophical school of Confucianism, established 2. ___________ schools, and edited a number of 3. ___________ works. Although he failed to receive the recognition he deserved during his lifetime, his teachings have 4. ____________ through the ages, for the benefit of later generations. His sayings were 5. _____________ and compiled by his students into a book called The Analects of Confucius. At the core of his thinking are the three key 6. ____________ of Ren, Yi and Li, which are all connected to our relationship with other people.
Step Ⅳ： Consolidate and feed back.
contribution
private
classical
survived
recorded
concepts
The philosophy of Confucius can provide us with valuable 7. ___________ guidance on how to develop ourselves as individuals, how to work for the common good, and how to build and maintain 8. _____________ relationships with others. Besides, Confucian thoughts also provide guidance on how to 9. ____________ a nation's domestic and foreign affairs in today's complex, ever changing world.
His ideas have had a far reaching impact on the development of Chinese 10. _____________ and will continue to inspire people both at home and abroad.
moral
harmonious
manage
civilization
Ⅰ. 话题拓展阅读。
The philosopher Martin Buber, is most known for his work on “I Thou/ You” relationships in which people are open, direct, mutually interested in each other. In contrast, “I It” relationships are those in which we use the other, like an object, to solve our problems and fulfill our needs and purposes.
Step Ⅴ： Homework.
It is not our fault that many of our relationships are or become “It” relationships because most of what we feel, think and do is motivated by unconscious memories of how to survive the environment into which we were born. Thus, one of the reasons we use other people to help us feel better about ourselves and cope in the world is that using people was once necessary and it worked. When we were small and helpless, “It” came and fed us, and held us, and set us on our way. We didn't have to reciprocate and care for “It”. Even when the care and attention of “It” was minimal or unpredictable, if we got out of childhood alive, somewhere along the way “It” was involved.
Freud called this stage of early life “primary narcissism”， which is our instinct(本能) for self preservation and is a normal part of our development. While most of us grow out of it, we still hold a survival fear, which motivates to escape danger and to stay alive, and we all need this fear in healthy measure.
The problem is that too many of us, too much of the time, are in a constant state of threat—and we often don't know it. We imagine people are talking about us behind our backs, that we have cancer, that we are inadequate, and vulnerable to more than our share of bad luck. As our brain has grown in size and complexity, so has our ability to scare ourselves.
This causes many problems. For example, our stress levels increase, our digestion is impaired and our thinking becomes restricted. Our threat response stops any bodily function, feeling, thought and behavior that might “waste” energy and detract from fighting or escaping danger. Thus, when in threat, our emotional, cognitive and behavioral range is significantly reduced.
And in this reduced state, one of our solutions is to find someone who can save and comfort us. Instead of enabling us to be open, direct and mutual, fear and anxiety lead us towards conversations and choices in our relations with others that are orientated towards surviving, not thriving(茁壮成长). Threat motivated relationships are characterized by need, dependency, control, demand, dishonesty, and self interest.
We cannot form the “I Thou” relationships that Buber speaks of until we have learned to notice, comfort, and understand the emotions and patterns of our threat brain. When in threat, we tend to use other people as objects who can save and protect us, or who we can blame for our problems.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了哲学家马丁·布伯(Martin Buber) 最著名的作品是关于“我—你”的关系。文章提出了把别人当成物品对待的“我—它”关系，解释了其背后的原因和可能带来的问题。
一、 阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
( ) 1. What does the underlined word “reciprocate” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Return the favour. 　 B. Ask for some advice.
C. Convey an apology. 　 D. Make some comments.
【解析】 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的and可知，画线词的意思和“care for”一致，表示我们不必关心“它”；再结合上文“‘It’ came and fed us, and held us, and set us on our way.”可知，对方给予帮助，给予施舍，与之相应的是做出回报。故选A。
A
( ) 2. What can we learn about “primary narcissism”？
A. It leads to our survival fear.
B. It is normal and usually temporary.
C. It impacts our growth negatively.
D. It lays the foundation for Freud's theory.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Freud called this stage of early life ‘primary narcissism’， which is our instinct(本能) for self preservation and is a normal part of our development”和“While most of us grow out of it”可知，“原始自恋”是正常的，而且通常是暂时的。故选B。
B
( ) 3. Which of the following could be an example of relationships
A. Comforting an upset friend. 　
B. Feeling sorry for your mistakes.
C. Trying hard to be independent. 　
D. Asking others to take on your task.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“In contrast，‘I It’ relationships are those in which we use the other, like an object, to solve our problems and fulfill our needs and purposes.”可知，“I It”关系是指我们利用对方来解决我们的问题。由此推知，D项与其匹配。故选D。
D
( ) 4. What would be the best title for this passage
A. How We Can Form the “I Thou” Relationships
B. How We Can Get Out of the “I It” Relationships
C. Why We Treat Others as Objects Rather Than Individuals
D. What Helps Us Survive and Thrive in Early Stages of Life
【解析】 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章通过“我—它”关系解释了为什么我们把别人当作物品而不是人。相反，“我—它”关系是那些我们像对待物品一样利用对方来解决我们的问题、满足我们的需求和目的的关系。 故选C。
C
二、 分析文章中下列句子的表达形式(指出下列句子的结构，如果是简单句，划出基本成分)。
1. In contrast, “I It” relationships are those in which we use the other, like an object, to solve our problems and fulfill our needs and purposes.
【答案】 本句为主从复合句。“in which”引导定语从句，修饰先行词those，关系词在从句中作介词in的宾语；“like an object”为插入语。
2. Even when the care and attention of “It” was minimal or unpredictable, if we got out of childhood alive, somewhere along the way “It” was involved.
【答案】 本句为主从复合句。主句为“‘It’ was involved”，“Even when”引导状语从句，“if we got out of childhood alive”是条件状语从句。
3. While most of us grow out of it, we still hold a survival fear, which motivates to escape danger and to stay alive, and we all need this fear in healthy measure.
【答案】 本句为并列复合句。and连接的两个并列主句“we still hold a survival fear”和“we all need this fear in healthy measure”，都是主谓宾结构。“While most of us grow out of it”是让步状语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰fear。
4. When in threat, we tend to use other people as objects who can save and protect us, or who we can blame for our problems.
【答案】 本句为并列复合句。主句为主谓宾结构。“When in threat”是时间状语，相当于状语从句“When we are in threat”；“who can save and protect us, or who we can blame for our problems”是两个定语从句，共同修饰先行词objects。
三、 翻译文章中的下列句子。
1. It is not our fault that many of our relationships are or become “It” relationships because most of what we feel, think and do is motivated by unconscious memories of how to survive the environment into which we were born.
【答案】 我们的许多关系都是或成为“It”关系，这不是我们的错，因为我们所感觉、所思考和所做的事情大多是由如何在我们出生的环境中生存的无意识记忆所驱动的。
2. Freud called this stage of early life “primary narcissism”， which is our instinct for self preservation and is a normal part of our development.
【答案】 弗洛伊德将这一早期阶段称为“原始自恋”，这是我们自我保护的本能，也是我们发展的正常部分。
3. We imagine people are talking about us behind our backs, that we have cancer, that we are inadequate, and vulnerable to more than our share of bad luck.
【答案】 我们想象着人们在背后谈论我们，说我们得了癌症，我们能力不足，容易遭受厄运。
4. We cannot form the “I Thou” relationships that Buber speaks of until we have learned to notice, comfort, and understand the emotions and patterns of our threat brain.
【答案】 在我们学会注意、安慰和理解威胁大脑的情绪和模式之前，我们无法形成布伯所说的“我—你”关系。
Ⅱ. 七选五。
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why Play Why Outside
Play is important, even for adults. Here are some great reasons to get outside and play.
1 .
Being outdoors brings the senses to life. In fact, 75 percent of students surveyed by Weekly Reader said they felt better after spending time outside. “Hiking, exploring, and fishing help sharpen all of your senses，” says Betsy Keller, a professor of exercise and sports sciences. “Smell, sight … they're all engaged when you're outside.” Bonus! 2 .
Outdoor play eases your mind.
Are you stressed out Having trouble concentrating 3 . Exposure to nature has been shown to lower stress levels and improve attention deficit disorder(注意力缺陷障碍). “By comparison，” says Keller, “activities indoors, such as watching TV, or activities in non green areas leave kids with ADD worse off.”
Spending time outdoors brings you closer to the environment.
Hearing the leaves rustling underfoot and breathing in fresh air build awareness and appreciation of the environment. If you walk through the woods in search of cool birds and plants, you may find your mind expanding.
No woods nearby 4 . Nature can be as close as your own backyard or those trees at the end of the street. There are bits of nature everywhere—even in cities. “Some naturalists call that nearby nature，” Keller says. “It's a great way to experience a piece of the natural world without wandering too far from home.”
5 , consider treating yourself to a little outdoor play instead. It's not called the great outdoors for nothing.
A. Playing outside helps your body
B. Outdoor activities expand your senses
C. You don't need a huge park to enjoy nature's benefits
D. With your senses engaged, you'll feel free and more creative
E. So the next time you sit down to spend quality time with a TV
F. Then take note of your senses after you've done something outside
G. Too much time indoors—away from the natural world—may be a cause
1. 　2. 　 3. 　4. 　5. .
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了户外活动的好处。
B
D
G
C
E
1. 【解析】 该空是小标题，需总结下面段落。根据下文“Being outdoors brings the senses to life.”和“‘Hiking, exploring, and fishing help sharpen all of your senses，’ says Betsy Keller, a professor of exercise and sports sciences. ‘Smell, sight… they're all engaged when you're outside.’”可知，本段讲户外活动有助于增强人的所有感官。B项“户外活动拓展你的感官”切题。故选B。
2. 【解析】 根据上文内容可知，本段讲户外活动有助于增强人的所有感官，让人感觉良好。D项“当你的感官投入时，你会感到自由和更有创造力”承接上文，具体讲户外活动增强人感官后带来的积极影响或好处。故选D。
3. 【解析】 根据上文“Are you stressed out Having trouble concentrating？”可知，G项“太多时间待在室内——远离自然世界——可能是一个原因”承接上文，讲人们感到有压力、注意力不集中是因为长时间待在室内、远离自然世界。故选G。
4. 【解析】 根据上文“No woods nearby？”和下文“Nature can be as close as your own backyard or those trees at the end of the street. There are bits of nature everywhere—even in cities.”可知，针对上文提及你认为家附近没有树林(自然)一事，下文在讲你的身边到处都是自然，说明你并不需要特别的自然环境来进行户外活动。C项“你不需要一个巨大的公园来享受大自然的好处”切题。故选C。
5. 【解析】 根据上文语境和下文“consider treating yourself to a little outdoor play instead”可知，全文在讲户外活动的好处，作者建议读者进行户外活动。E项“所以下次你坐下来看电视的时候”承接下文，讲述“考虑户外活动”时会出现的可能场景。故选E。
谢谢观看
Thank you for watching(共37张PPT)
Unit 3
Our culture, our treasure
Period 3　Grammar and composition
规则学习与运用
内容索引
学习目标
活动方案
1. Learn and understand euphemism;
2. Figure out the meanings of some important expressions.
【答案】 老师可自行设计
Step Ⅰ： Check and review.
Ⅰ. Summarize the main idea of the passage in Part A on P34 with about 30 words.
【答案】 Blue and white porcelain production, a centuries old Chinese craft, whose manufacture achieved technical and artistic excellence in the Qing Dynasty, is highly valued by people across the world.
Ⅱ. Complete the exercises in Parts A & B on P34—35.
【答案】 略
Step Ⅱ： Explore and apply.
Ⅰ. 单句语境填词，注意词的词性和词形。
1. A viewing platform gave ____________ views over the valley.
2. The school's approach must be ________________ to that of the parents.
3. They had faced one difficulty after another with bravery and _________.
4. Business people are ____________ targets for obvious reasons.
5. This technique is becoming more ___________ and more acceptable all the time.
6. There were lilies everywhere in tall white ___________(瓷) vases.
Step Ⅲ： Consolidate and feed back.
stunning
complementary
dedication
prime
refined
porcelain
7. These ____________(壮丽的) ancient buildings demonstrate the great intelligence of the labouring people.
8. ____________(艺术技巧) can also be seen in the repair and recovery of the human body.
9. Demand for the material is expected to ____________(猛增) by more than two thirds over the next decade.
10. She felt herself to be part of a large business ___________(帝国).
magnificent
Artistry
soar
empire
Ⅱ. 从方框中选择恰当的单词填空。
elaborate; rank; handle; appreciate; originate；decline; establish; mark
1. It makes me feel good to know my work is ____________.
2. There is still some feeling in the art world that the market for such works may be ___________.
3. The disease is thought to ____________________ in the tropics.
4. You have to admire the way he ___________ the situation.
5. I ______________________ a good working relationship with my boss already.
6. The purpose of this article is to ___________ a hypothesis.
7. She was not used to mixing with people of high social ____________.
8. The playing area ____________ off with a white line.
appreciated
declining
have originated
handled
have established
elaborate
rank
was marked
Ⅲ. 完成句子。
1. 它的价值已经逐渐被控制领域和商业领域的人们所重视。
Gradually _________________________ the people in controlling and commercial fields.
2. 那家报纸对三百人进行了民意测验，看普通百姓有些什么想法。
The newspaper took a poll of 300 people to see ______________________ ____________.
3. 我来到现场时，一切都已结束。
________________________ on the scene, it was all over.
it was highly valued by
what the man in the street
thinks
By the time I arrived
4. 虽然第一章还有很多需要改进的地方，但我们都被它吸引住了。
Though the first chapter ___________________________, we are all attracted by it.
5. 昨晚直到父亲回来，我们才开始吃晚饭。
_________________________________ that we began to have supper last night.
6. 遥知兄弟登高处，遍插茱萸少一人。
Knowing that my brothers ______________________, all but one is present at the planting of flowers.
leaves a lot to be refined
It was not until father came back
have reached the peak
7. 它们是对中国历史上一个特殊时期的极为珍贵的记录。
They __________________________ a special period in Chinese history.
8. 在他失业期间，他利用空闲时间读了一些关于中国文化的书。
While ______________________, he used his free time to read some books about Chinese culture.
are a priceless record of
he was between jobs
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空。
1. He said that he was ___________(delight) with the public response.
2. The book explores ____________(contrast) views of the poet's early work.
3. The exterior of the building was elegant and ____________(grace).
4. Japanese _____________(produce) methods have been transplanted into some British factories.
5. We want the machine ____________(manufacture) to our own standard.
Step Ⅳ： Homework.
delighted
contrasting
graceful
production
manufactured
6. She was taken to hospital suffering from an ________(regular) heartbeat.
7. His books have gained in _____________(popular) in recent years.
8. ____________(culture) exchanges are a way of building bridges between countries.
9. She had to push herself forward to get a ___________(promote).
10. This is a literary and ____________(art) work loved by the masses.
irregular
popularity
Cultural
promotion
artistic
Ⅱ. 阅读理解。
A
Brilliant Spring Breaks
The bees are buzzing and flowers are blooming. Take a look at these destinations and grab a relaxing getaway while making the most of the UK countryside.
Trefeddian Hotel
At the Trefeddian Hotel you can expect a warm welcome whether you are booking a family holiday, or romantic escape. Our beautifully located coastal hotel in Mid Wales has something for everyone to enjoy: all around sea views, miles of golden sandy beaches and a heated indoor pool.
St Moritz Hotel & Garden Villas
Escape to our Miami inspired luxury hotel or coastal villas on the north Cornish coast. With our Shorecrest Restaurant serving seasonal dishes with ingredients sourced from Cornwall's markets; Cowshed spa; indoor and outdoor pools; a bunch of local attractions and surrounded by the sea, St Moritz Hotel is the place for relaxation and adventure.
Greenwood Grange
Welcome to a collection of 17 luxury, stone built, self catering holiday cottages in Dorset. There's so much to offer, whether it's relaxing in your own private cottage(some have hot baths), swimming in the indoor pool, or playing the volleyball on the seashore, we've got it all—you can even pick your own fruit or vegetables from our kitchen garden. Contact us for more information.
Skye Shepherd Huts
Looking for a holiday offering peace and quiet Choose Skye Shepherd Huts, with amazing wildlife, donkeys and hens for company. Set in a lovely traditional village by the sea, ideal for walkers, boating nearby and eagle spotting. Pet friendly. Comfortable with beautiful views, but electricity and hot water are not ready for use.
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章详细介绍了四个旅游放松的地方。
(　　) 1. Which destination best suits people who enjoy cooking
A. Trefeddian Hotel.　 B. Skye Shepherd Huts.
C. Greenwood Grange.　 D. St Moritz Hotel & Garden Villas.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据 Greenwood Grange中“you can even pick your own fruit or vegetables from our kitchen garden”可知，在Greenwood Grange，游客可以在厨房花园里自己采摘水果或蔬菜，是一个适合烹饪的目的地。故选C。
C
(　　) 2. What is the disadvantage of Skye Shepherd Huts
A. There is always bad smell.　
B. It only admits pet owners.
C. Vehicles are banned except boats.　
D. Hot showers are not accessible.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据Skye Shepherd Huts中“Comfortable with beautiful views, but electricity and hot water are not ready for use.”可知，这里虽然景色宜人，但是电和热水并不是随时都有，无法使用热水沐浴。故选D。
D
(　　) 3. What do the four destinations have in common
A. Ocean views.　 B. Golden beaches.
C. Seasonal dishes.　 D. Adventurous activities.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据Trefeddian Hotel中“all around sea views, miles of golden sandy beaches and a heated indoor pool”和St Moritz Hotel & Garden Villas中“a bunch of local attractions and surrounded by the sea” 和Greenwood Grange中“… or playing the volleyball on the seashore” 和 Skye Shepherd Huts中“Set in a lovely traditional village by the sea”可知，这四个地方都是在海边，可以看到美丽的海边景色。故选A。
A
B
Could J. K. Rowling please leave Harry Potter in peace 2010 was a good time to move on. We all know that Harry Potter's last adventures hit the bookstore in 2007, and three years later the Warner Bros adaptations ran their course in cinema, too. For many fans, the young wizard had worked his magic through most of their childhood. But in 2018, a new Harry Potter extended universe film, Fantastic Beasts: The Crime of Grindelwald, was out.
I love Harry Potter series and I always will. It's all there in my memory: I remember the first delight at reading “Mr and Mrs Dursley, of number four, Privet drive, were proud to say that they were perfectly normal”. The wizarding treasure hunt, thrown by my parents for my ninth birthday with my dad dressed as Hagrid in the garden, was so clear in my mind. I remember deciphering(破译) my copy of the Deathly Hallows, the first book I read in English, and having to check the French for “wand”. The 2001 trip to the cinema to see Philosopher's Stone, and all the ones that followed are kept clearly.
However, someone needs to call a halt to the endless afterlife of Potter's fictional universe. It was enough in the seven books and eight films. We didn't and don't need a community website, a theatre play, the printed script of said movie, and even more movies.
Rowling has created 21st century modern literary classic. I always look up to her as the textbook classy writer: respectfully drawing attention from readers, successful but wise enough to withdraw. She also cares much about the causes she holds dear. In 2011 alone, she donated 16% of her net worth to charities. Of all contemporary authors who hit gold, Rowling remains one of the very most inspirational.
The saddest thing is that Rowling helped with the writing of the Cursed Child. She regularly “revealed” new details about Potter's magical world on Twitter. Today, I decided to give up: I don't follow Rowling on Twitter. I don't want to see the new film. Thank you, Joanne Kathleen Rowling. I have enough valued stories—I don't need new ones any more.
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在文章中表达了自己对《哈利·波特》系列书籍和电影的喜爱，但同时希望罗琳女士停止对这部经典作品的继续编写和拍摄。
(　　) 4. The last book of Harry Potter series was published in _________.
A. 2007　 B. 2010　
C. 2011　 D. 2017
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“We all know that Harry Potter's last adventures hit the bookstore in 2007, and three years later the Warner Bros adaptations ran their course in cinema, too.”可知，《哈利·波特》系列的最后一本书于2007年在书店发售。故选A。
A
(　　) 5. We can learn from Paragraph 2 that the author ____________.
A. felt rather easy to understand Harry Potter series
B. was quite fond of Harry Potter series and its films
C. read Harry Potter series with the help of his parents
D. missed the time of watching Harry Potter movies with his parents
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“I love Harry Potter series and I always will.”和“The 2001 trip to the cinema to see Philosopher's Stone, and all the ones that followed are kept clearly.”可知，作者喜欢《哈利·波特》系列的书籍，也喜欢看由书籍改编成的电影。由此可知，作者非常喜欢《哈利·波特》系列书籍及其电影。故选B。
B
(　　) 6. What does the underlined phrase “call a halt to” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Share.　 B. Appreciate.　
C. Stop.　 D. Change.
【解析】 词义猜测题。根据第三段中“It was enough in the seven books and eight films. We didn't and don't need a community website, a theatre play, the printed script of said movie, and even more movies.”可知，作者认为《哈利·波特》系列的七本书和八部电影已经足够了，不再需要其他的改编，甚至更多的电影了。由此可知，画线短语所在句指的是需要有人叫停波特虚构宇宙的无尽来世。故选C。
C
(　　) 7. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A. The talent J. K. Rowling has.
B. The author's praise for J. K. Rowling.
C. The influence of J. K. Rowling's works.
D. The author's expectations of J. K. Rowling.
B
【解析】 段落大意题。根据第四段中“Rowling has created 21st century modern literary classic.”和“In 2011 alone, she donated 16% of her net worth to charities. Of all contemporary authors who hit gold, Rowling remains one of the very most inspirational.”可知，作者在第四段中介绍罗琳创造了21世纪的现代文学经典，并且她热衷慈善，是最鼓舞人心的作家之一。由此可知，第四段主要介绍的是作者对罗琳的赞扬。故选B。
Ⅲ. 语法填空。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A new competition has been added to the calendar of world sports events—the Balloon World Cup. We are all familiar 1. the “sport” of keeping balloon up. Most of us have joined in the decades old pastime of 2. . (keep) a balloon up in the air without letting it touch the floor. Spanish soccer star Gerard Piqué loved this so much 3. he developed it into an international event. The first Balloon World Cup 4. (hold) in Spain on Thursday. Peru's Francesco de la Cruz was the very first man 5. (win) world championship. He defeated Germany's Jan Spiess in the final with a 6 2 victory.
with
keeping
that
was held
to win
Mr Piqué got his 6. (inspire) for the tournament from TikTok videos that went popular. He loved watching clips of the game 7. (play) by an American family during the COVID 19 lockdown. It then developed from the family's living room into a “Keep Up Balloon League”. Piqué then made the game global. The contests took place on an 8m × 8m court, 8. . contained living room furniture as 9. (barrier). Teams from 32 countries participated. Piqué said, “It's something 10. (total) different. Sometimes you have to get out of your comfort zone and try new things.” There are hopes that it could become an Olympic event.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍气球世界杯这项赛事的一些背景知识。
inspiration
played
which
barriers
totally
1. 【解析】 考查介词。句意：我们都熟悉让气球不着地的运动。结合句意，表示“对……熟悉”的短语为be familiar with，是固定搭配。故填with。
2. 【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们大多数人都加入了几十年来的一项娱乐活动，即让气球在空中飞行而不让它触地。介词of后接动名词作宾语。故填keeping。
3. 【解析】 考查状语从句。句意：西班牙足球明星杰拉德·皮克非常喜欢这项运动，并将其发展成一项国际赛事。引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”用“so … that …”。故填that。
4. 【解析】 考查时态和语态。句意：首届气球世界杯于周四在西班牙举行。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为Balloon World Cup，谓语用单数。故填was held。
5. 【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：秘鲁的弗朗西斯科·德拉·克鲁兹是第一个赢得世界冠军的人。名词被序数词修饰时，要用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to win。
6. 【解析】 考查名词。句意：皮克先生从流行的TikTok视频中获得了比赛的灵感。作宾语，表示“灵感”应用名词inspiration，不可数。故填inspiration。
7. 【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他喜欢看COVID 19封锁期间一个美国家庭比赛的视频。分析句子结构可知，play在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语the game构成被动关系。故填played。
8. 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意：比赛在一个8×8米的场地进行，场地内有客厅家具作为障碍。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词court，先行词在从句中作主语，指物。故填which。
9. 【解析】 考查名词复数。句意见上题解析。barrier为可数名词，前面没有冠词，故用复数形式。故填barriers。
10. 【解析】 考查副词。句意：这是完全不同的。修饰形容词different，应用副词totally。故填totally。
Ⅳ. 自我拓展提升。
积累阅读语块(整理自己感兴趣的单词、短语、经典句)。
谢谢观看
Thank you for watching(共63张PPT)
Unit 3
Our culture, our treasure
Period 2　Language focus on
Reading(2)
语言学习与运用
内容索引
学习目标
活动方案
1. Learn and use the chunks like：
words: mystical; oracle; inscription; pictographic; unify; mainstream; script; sphere; transcribe; Latin; alphabet; phonetically; incorporate; putonghua
phrases: to this day; belong to
sentence patterns:
Since then, the mystery surrounding the origin of Chinese characters, the foundation of a remarkable writing system, has started to be revealed.
The inscriptions are highly complex, suggesting that earlier forms are yet to be discovered.
All we have at the moment, however, is the legend of Cang Jie, who is said to have invented the first characters about 5,000 years ago.
Legend has it that he saw animal tracks in the ground, and began drawing pictures of objects in nature, such as the moon, the sun and the trees.
Since their creation, Chinese characters have been evolving consistently, increasing in practical value as a communicative tool.
Another milestone in the evolution of the style of Chinese characters was Kaishu, which reached its peak in the Tang Dynasty.
It became popular for its ease of use, and eventually progressed into what we now consider to be the standard script.
Apart from changes in writing style, Chinese characters have been simplified so that they can be used more easily by the masses.
Thanks to Chinese characters, stories of our ancestors have been passed down in a form that remains accessible to us today, and the glorious history of our country has been preserved.
For instance, it was only after Chinese characters spread to Japan that the Japanese writing system started to be developed.
As we can see, Chinese characters hold the key to promoting the transmission of Chinese culture.
Every time we read or write Chinese characters, the whispers of our ancestors travel through time and space, and bring with them the stories of human civilization.
2. Write a short article according to the hints, using the chunks that have been learnt.
Review the text of “Chinese characters: foundation of a remarkable writing system” by retelling it in your own words. You may begin like this：
The text is mainly about …， which …
From the text, we may learn that …
【答案】 The text is mainly about Chinese characters, which stretch back about 3,500 years. But the legend goes that Cang Jie invented the first characters about 5,000 years ago.
From the text, we may learn that along with their creation, Chinese characters have been evolving consistently, increasing in practical value as a communicative tool and promoting mass literacy. What's more, they have sustained Chinese civilization over thousands of years as well as hold the key to promoting the transmission of Chinese culture.
Step Ⅰ： Check and review.
Ⅰ. Read the words in the word bank and figure out the meanings of them.
Word bank：
名词：oracle; inscription; sphere; alphabet; putonghua
动词：unify; transcribe; incorporate
形容词&副词：mystical; pictographic; phonetically
多种词性：mainstream; script; Latin
Step Ⅱ： Focus and learn.
Ⅱ. Match the words on the left with the explanations on the right.
(　　) 1. sphere 　 　 A. to include sth so that it forms a part of sth
(　　) 2. inscription B. a set of letters or symbols in a fixed order used for writing a language
(　　) 3. oracle 　 C. having spiritual powers or qualities that are difficult to understand or to
explain
(　　) 4. script 　 D. the ideas and opinions that are thought to be normal because they are
shared by most people
(　　) 5. alphabet E. to join people, things, parts of a country, etc. together so that they form a
single unit
(　　) 6. transcribe F. are area of activity, influence or interest; a particular section of society
(　　) 7. unify G. (in ancient Greece) the advice or information that the gods gave, which often had a hidden meaning
(　　) 8. incorporate H. words written in the front of a book or cut in stone or metal
(　　) 9. mainstream I. a written text of a play, film/movie, broadcast, talk, etc.
(　　)10. mystical J. to record thoughts, speech or data in a written form, or in a different written
form from the original
F
H
G
I
B
J
E
A
D
C
Ⅲ. Find the following expressions from the text according to the Chinese below.
1. 在……方面发挥关键作用　　
_______________________
2. 引起……的注意
________________________
3. 可以追溯到3 500年前
______________________________
4. 仔细观察和惊人的想象力
____________________________________________
play a crucial role in
attract the attention of
stretch back about 3,500 years
careful observation and striking imagination
5. 组合不同的字符
__________________________________
6. 将意义和发音结合起来
__________________________________
7. 在……的演进中
______________________
8. 主流的书写风格
______________________________
put together different characters
combine meaning and pronunciation
in the evolution of
a mainstream style of writing
9. 随着汉字的传播
____________________________________
10. 促进中国文化传播的关键
______________________________________________________
with the spread of Chinese characters
the key to promoting the transmission of Chinese culture
Ⅳ. Complete Part B on P33 of the textbook and finish the exercises below.
1. 单句语法填空。
(1) The keynote speech is about the ___________(evolve) of the computer.
(2) She has a ___________(strike) creativity in her use of metaphor when describing the event.
(3) Congratulate you again and wish you a _________(fruit) university life.
(4) In my youth my ambition had been to be a world famous ___________ (invent).
evolution
striking
fruitful
inventor
(5) Researchers in this field have made some important new ____________ (discovery).
(6) The new design will _____________(eventual) replace all existing models.
(7) According to Chinese ___________(legend), Zhougong can interpret dreams.
(8) The award of the Nobel Prize has crowned a ___________(glory) career in physics.
(9) The way in which we work has undergone a complete ______________ (transform) in the past decade.
(10) The ______________(surround) small towns have been absorbed into the city.
discoveries
eventually
legends
glorious
transformation
surrounding
2. 用所给词的适当形式填空。
(1) His new theory has caused a sensation throughout the ___________ world. It seemed to him that western ______________ was in grave economic and cultural danger.(civilize)
(2) He is patient, tolerant, and resigned, on ______________ principles. His __________ of life is to take every opportunity that presents itself.(philosopher)
(3) I was amazed at his knowledge of French _____________. Everyone thinks he has it in him to produce a ____________ classic.(literacy)
civilized
civilization
philosophical
philosophy
literature
literary
(4) The main topics were the environment and ____________ development. Information technology provides a strong _________________ for solving those problems.(sustain)
(5) Both countries are experiencing great economic ____________. Do you know anything about the ________________ changes？(revolution)
(6) Germany was __________ in 1990. Final preparations are under way for celebrations to mark the 30th anniversary of German ______________.(unify)
(7) She is one of the most ____________ figures in international politics. No doubt her family have ____________ her a lot during her growth.(influence)
(8) Research ___________ that the local investment directions are changing fast. Such changes are _____________ of economic dynamism.(indicate)
sustainable
sustainability
revolutions
revolutionary
unified
unification
influential
influenced
indicates
indicators
Ⅴ. Build your sentences through paraphrase and imitation.
1. That was when people first began to realize the significance of these beautiful inscriptions.
[Paraphrase] __________________________________________________ _______________________________________
[Imitation] ___________________________________________________ _______________________________
这是我第一次发现此项目的主要问题并提出修正意见。
That was the first time that people began to realize the
importance of these beautiful inscriptions.
That was when I first found out the main problems of this
project and proposed amendments.
2. Since then, the mystery surrounding the origin of Chinese characters, the foundation of a remarkable writing system, has started to be revealed.
[Paraphrase] __________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________
[Imitation] ___________________________________________________
自那以后，我一直一个人生活，全身心投入我的事业当中。
From then on,the mystery of the basic origin of an extraordinary
writing system around Chinese characters began to be uncovered.
Since then I've lived alone and immersed myself in my career.
3. The inscriptions are highly complex, suggesting that earlier forms are yet to be discovered.
[Paraphrase] __________________________________________________ ______________________________
[Imitation] ___________________________________________________ ____________
这份报告讨论了许多有待决定的重大问题。
The inscriptions are very complex, indicating that the early
forms have not yet been discovered.
The report discusses a number of vital issues that are yet to be
decided.
4. Legend has it that he saw animal tracks in the ground, and began drawing pictures of objects in nature, such as the moon, the sun and the trees.
[Paraphrase] __________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________
[Imitation] ___________________________________________________ ____________
传说龙舟节是很早很早以前开始的。
It is said that he saw the footprints of animals on the ground
and began to draw natural objects, such as the moon, the sun and trees.
Legend has it that the Dragon Boat Festival originated long
long ago.
5. Apart from changes in writing style, Chinese characters have been simplified so that they can be used more easily by the masses.
[Paraphrase] __________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________
[Imitation] ____________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________
除了两名在机舱值班的人员外，还有20多人做好了准备，以便我们能够应对任何可能的挑战。
In addition to changing the writing style,Chinese characters have also been simplified so that they can be more easily used by common people.　
Apart from two men on watch in the engine room, more than 20 people are prepared so that we can meet any possible challenge.　
6. Alongside their evolution, Chinese characters have sustained Chinese civilization over thousands of years.
[Paraphrase] __________________________________________________ ___________________________________
[Imitation] ___________________________________________________ __________________
随着她的技术不断提高，她会愈发自信。
In their evolution, Chinese characters have supported Chinese civilization for thousands of years.　
Her self confidence will develop alongside her improvement of technique. 　
7. Thanks to Chinese characters, stories of our ancestors have been passed down in a form that remains accessible to us today, and the glorious history of our country has been preserved.
[Paraphrase] __________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[Imitation] ___________________________________________________ __________________________
由于有了汽车，人们现在拥有了前所未有的出行自由。
Because of Chinese characters, stories of our ancestors have been handed down in a form that we can still understand today, and the glorious history of our country has been preserved.　
Thanks to the automobile, people now have a freedom of movement previously unknown. 　
8. Every time we read or write Chinese characters, the whispers of our ancestors travel through time and space, and bring with them the stories of human civilization.
[Paraphrase] __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________
[Imitation] ___________________________________________________ ___________________
每次她乘公交车出行都至少耽搁3个小时。
Whenever we read or write Chinese characters, it seems that our ancestors travel through time and space, and tell us the story of human civilization in a low voice.　
Every time she travels on the bus, it's delayed by at least three hours. 　
Ⅰ. 用本课词汇替换下列句子中的画线部分。
1. The workers are strengthening the base of the bridge. _____________
2. What first appealed to me was her sense of humour. ____________
3. They discussed the statistical importance of the results. ____________　
4. The auction house would not disclose the price at which the van Gogh had sold. ___________
5. It was good to get out of the car and extend our legs. ___________
6. In politics Britain has preferred gradual development to sudden violent change. ___________
Step Ⅲ： Consolidate and feed back.
foundation
attracted
significance
reveal
stretch
evolution
7. These results demonstrate convincingly that our campaign is working. 　 ___________
8. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words. ____________
9. It was a collaboration that produced extremely useful results. _________
10. The output of cars shows a marked increase over last year. __________
indicate
represent
fruits
striking
Ⅱ. 从方框中选择恰当的单词填空。
unify; transcribe; incorporate; progress; standardize; sustain; evolve; represent; surround; reveal
1. He will visit once a fortnight to see how his new staff _______________.
2. The problem was how to get enough food _____________ life.
3. Strict regulation can help ____________ the entire Internet film industry.
4. There's no ___________ plan, so you'll all be on your own to prove your worth.
5. The new cars to be released ______________________ a number of major improvements.
re progressing
to sustain
standardize
unified
will incorporate
6. What do the shaded areas on the map ___________
7. The report ___________ the company made a loss of 20 million last year.
8. The company ____________ into a major chemical manufacturer.
9. Suddenly they realized they ____________________ on all sides.
10. We need a few volunteers ________________ this manuscript.
represent
reveals
has evolved
were surrounded
to transcribe
Ⅰ. 单句语境填词，注意词的词性和词形。
1. In hospital she'll be under ____________ round the clock.
2. More local employment will be ___________, particularly in service industries.
3. The question of the ____________ of the universe is still hotly debated by scientists.
4. Though ____________ alike, they are written with different ideographs.
5. The first ________________ of the input of Chinese characters on smart watches was made successful in August.
Step Ⅳ： Homework.
observation
created
origin
phonetically
incorporation
6. I've always felt there was some kind of ____________(神秘的) core to the universe.
7. How many official documents have been ____________(转成) into Braille for blind people
8. Neither of the front runners in the presidential election is a ___________ (主流) politician.
9. Which of the following is the only ______________(象形文字的) writing system that is still currently in use
10. Certainly, the early years are ____________(至关重要的) to a child's development.
mystical
transcribed
mainstream
pictographic
crucial
Ⅱ. 完形填空。
During the coronavirus lockdown, a fifth grade teacher contacted me asking for help. She was 1 with students not attending online class but her students all loved the story in my book. So she asked if I had any 2 .
My immediate 3 was for me to do a weekly book club where I would read to the students. The idea was 4 by Mrs Sandberg, my first teacher in America.
When I moved to America from Iran in 1972, I spoke seven words of English. Despite the language 5 , I immediately loved school. My favorite part of the day was 6 lunch, when Mrs Sandberg read to us. Her kind voice 7 me to magical places where animals could talk and where kids had grand adventures.
With this joyful 8 , I started the club. At the first session, five kids 9 . I read to them and tried to 10 a conversation. Whenever I asked a question, I was met with complete 11 . The following week, a few more kids came; they 12 started responding, but with one word answers. The next session, they gave 13 answers and more students participated in the conversations.
This club has quickly become the 14 of my week. I have gotten to know the students and grown fond of every single one of them. Reading out loud forces me to forget everything else for an hour. I recently wondered if our post lunch reading hour had given Mrs Sandberg a chance to forget her 15 , too.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了疫情封锁期间，五年级学生不需要上网课，老师不知道在此期间可以让学生做什么。作者为此创办了每周一次的读书俱乐部，给孩子们读书。
(　　) 1. A. criticizing　 B. struggling　
C. working　 D. arguing
【解析】 句意：她正在为那些不上网课的学生而苦恼，但她的学生都很喜欢我写的书中的故事。criticizing批评；struggling挣扎；working工作；arguing争论。根据下文“with students not attending online class”可知，疫情封锁期间，学生们不用上网课，所以老师正为此感到很挣扎，不知让学生们做什么。故选B。
B
(　　) 2. A. ideas　 B. passion　
C. comments　 D. criteria
【解析】 句意：所以她问我有没有什么意见。ideas意见；passion热情；comments评论；criteria标准。根据上文可知，这位老师来找作者寻求帮助，所以她来问作者是否能给她一些意见。故选A。
A
(　　) 3. A. question　 B. inquiry　
C. reaction　 D. objective
【解析】 句意：我的第一反应是我要创办每周一次的读书俱乐部，给学生们读书。question问题；inquiry询问；reaction反应；objective目标。根据下文“do a weekly book club where I would read to the students”可知，当老师向作者寻求意见时，作者的第一反应就是要创办读书俱乐部，给孩子们读书。故选C。
C
(　　) 4. A. inspired　 B. refreshed　
C. approved　 D. confirmed
【解析】 句意：这个想法是受Sandberg老师的启发，她是我在美国的第一位老师。inspired启发；refreshed使恢复精神；approved赞成；confirmed确认。根据本句“The idea was 4 by Mrs Sandberg”可知，作者要创办每周一次的读书俱乐部，给学生们读书，这一想法是受Sandberg老师的启发。故选A。
A
(　　) 5. A. confusion　 B. barrier　
C. advantage　 D. requirement
【解析】 句意：尽管有语言障碍，我还是立刻爱上了学校。confusion困惑；barrier障碍；advantage好处，优势；requirement要求。根据上文“When I moved to America from Iran in 1972, I spoke seven words of English”可知，当作者1972年从伊朗移民到美国时，作者只会说七个英语单词，所以说作者有语言障碍。故选B。
B
(　　) 6. A. before　 B. after　
C. during　 D. over
【解析】 句意：一天中我最喜欢的时光是午饭后，Sandberg老师给我们读书。before在……之前；after在……之后；during在……期间；over在……上面。根据下文“our post lunch reading hour”可知，Sandberg老师在午饭后给学生们读书。故选B。
B
(　　) 7. A. directed　 B. transformed　
C. drove　 D. transported
【解析】 句意：她亲切的声音把我带到了一个神奇的地方，在那里动物可以说话，孩子们可以进行伟大的冒险。directed引导；transformed改变；drove驾驶；transported运输。根据下文“to magical places”可知，她亲切的声音把作者带到了一个神奇的地方，空格处意为“运输”。direct一般用于指引还未到达的地方，不符合语境。故选D。
D
(　　) 8. A. memory　 B. adventure　
C. assumption　 D. opportunity
【解析】 句意：带着这段快乐的回忆，我创办了俱乐部。memory记忆；adventure冒险；assumption假设；opportunity机会。根据上文“My favorite part of the day was … where animals could talk and where kids had grand adventures.”可知，这是作者的一段回忆。故选A。
A
(　　) 9. A. showed up　　 B. moved out　
C. dropped out　 D. gave up
【解析】 句意：第一节课，五个孩子到场。showed up露面，到场；moved out搬出；dropped out退出；gave up放弃。根据下文“I read to them”可知，作者给五个孩子读书，所以第一节课有五个孩子到场。故选A。
A
(　　)10. A. delay　 B. avoid　
C. start　 D. stop
【解析】 句意：我读书给他们听，试着和他们交谈。delay推迟；avoid避免；start开始；stop停下来。根据下文“Whenever I asked a question”可推知，作者开始试着和孩子们交谈。故选C。
C
(　　)11. A. chaos　 B. enjoyment 　
C. silence D. agreement
【解析】 句意：每当我问一个问题时，学生们完全沉默。chaos混乱；enjoyment享受；silence沉默；agreement同意。根据下文“they 12 started responding, but with one word answers”可知，第二周，孩子们开始做出回答，但是只说一个字，由此推知，第一周上课的时候，当作者问孩子们问题时，孩子们保持沉默。故选C。
C
(　　)12. A. immediately 　 B. skillfully　
C. politely　 D. nervously
【解析】 句意：接下来的一周，又来了几个孩子，他们开始紧张地回答，但只回答一个字。immediately立即；skillfully巧妙地；politely礼貌地；nervously紧张地。根据下文“started responding, but with one word answers”可推知，孩子们开始紧张地做出回答，但也只说一个字。故选D。
D
(　　)13. A. accurate　 B. longer　
C. complicated　 D. simpler
【解析】 句意：下一节课，他们给出了更长的回答，更多的学生参与了对话。accurate精准的；longer更长的；complicated复杂的；simpler更简单的。根据下文“more students participated in the conversations”和上文“but with one word answers”可知，同学们表现得越来越好，给出的答案更长。故选B。
B
(　　)14. A. profile　 B. fear　
C. burden　 D. highlight
【解析】 句意：这个俱乐部很快就成了我每周的最好的部分。profile简介；fear害怕；burden负担；highlight最好的部分。根据下文“I have gotten to know … forget everything else for an hour.”可知，作者开始了解孩子们，并且逐渐喜欢上他们每一个人，且作者在给孩子们大声朗读时，会忘记其他事情。所以说，读书俱乐部成了作者每周的最好的部分。故选D。
D
(　　)15. A. world　 B. institution　
C. recreation　 D. club
【解析】 句意：我最近在想，当时我们午餐后的阅读时间，是否也给了Sandberg老师一个机会，让她忘记了自己的世界。world世界；institution机构；recreation娱乐；club俱乐部。根据上文可知，作者给孩子们读书时，会沉浸其中，忘记其他事情。所以作者在想，当初Sandberg老师给作者和同学们读书时，她是否也沉浸其中，忘记自己生活中的一些事情。故选A。
A
Ⅲ. 语法填空。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
“Early to bed and early to rise makes a person healthy, wealthy and wise.”The words of Benjamin Franklin have been backed by science. It has been proved that morning people are persistent and 1. (product). Rising up early also 2. (relieve) stress and tension because it gives you the time to squeeze in a workout before you get distracted(分神). This is 3. morning people tend to be healthier and happier. Recent research 4. (find) that late sleepers generally consume approximately 248 more 5. (calorie) than those who rise early.
productive
relieves
why
has found
calories
Researchers have also said that early morning is the best time to study and gain knowledge. This will help you stay ahead in the class and keep your grades 6. .
More rest equals more energy, plain and simple. If you get into the routine of rising early and retiring to bed early, you are more likely 7. (have) a better sleeping pattern which leads to being more energetic throughout the day, 8. (help) you accomplish your tasks in a faster and more creative manner.
Getting up early has many benefits for both your body 9. your mind. The hardest part is convincing yourself to do it, and then getting into a routine of getting up early every morning.
up
to have
helping
and
If you don't develop 10. habit of waking up before the rest of the world, you won't be able to change the world.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过研究证实的早睡早起的好处。
the
1. 【解析】 考查形容词。句意：事实证明，早起的人坚持不懈，富有成效。根据连词and前是形容词可知，空处也用形容词作表语。故填productive。
2. 【解析】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：早起也能缓解压力和紧张，因为它能让你在分心之前挤出时间锻炼。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填relieves。
3. 【解析】 考查名词性从句。句意：这就是为什么早起的人更健康、更快乐。This is why …意为“这就是为什么……”，从句缺少原因状语，所以用连接副词why引导表语从句。故填why。
4. 【解析】 考查时态。句意：最近的研究发现，晚睡的人通常比早起的人多摄入大约248卡路里。根据Recent和语境可知，这里是指“最近的研究已经发现……”，所以用现在完成时。故填has found。
5. 【解析】 考查名词复数。句意见上题解析。根据空格前的数词248可知，这里应用名词的复数形式。故填calories。
6. 【解析】 考查副词。句意：这将帮助你在班里保持领先，并稳定你的成绩。keep sth up意为“保持”。故填up。
7. 【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你养成了早睡早起的习惯，你就会有一个更好的睡眠模式，这会让你一整天都精力充沛，帮助你更快、更有创造力地完成任务。固定短语be likely to do意为“可能做某事”。故填to have。
8. 【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。句中已有谓语动词，所以空处应用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语与help之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填helping。
9. 【解析】 考查连词。句意：早起对你的身心都有很多好处。both … and … 意为“两者都”，为固定搭配。故填and。
10. 【解析】 考查冠词。句意：如果你没有养成比别人早起床的习惯，你将无法改变世界。develop the habit of意为“养成……的习惯”。这里特指早起的习惯。故填the。
Ⅳ. 翻译下列句子，然后增加适当的过渡词语，把它们连成一篇小短文。
1. 我很高兴知道你对中国书法感兴趣。
______________________________________________________
2. 我很高兴告诉你如何学习中国书法。
_________________________________________________________
3. 书房的“文房四宝”是笔、墨、纸和砚，它们是学习中国书法所必需的。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I'm glad to know you're interested in Chinese calligraphy.
It's my pleasure to tell you how to learn Chinese calligraphy.
The four treasures of the study are writing brush, ink, paper and ink stone, which are essential to learn Chinese calligraphy. 　
4. 至于学习方法，你可以一步一步地学习每个汉字的基本结构。
________________________________________________________________________________________
5. 选择一本好的字帖对你有很大的好处。
_________________________________________________________
6. 中国书法是中国优秀传统文化的一门艺术。
______________________________________________________________________
As to the way to learn it, you may study the basic structure of each Chinese character step by step. 　
Choosing a good model book to copy is of great benefit to you.
Chinese calligraphy is a fine art of the excellent traditional cultures in China.　
7. 它不仅有益于健康，而且可以培养道德，净化我们的灵魂。
_________________________________________________________________________________
8. 希望你能来中国亲身体验。
_______________________________________________
Not only does it do good to health, but it also can cultivate morality and purify our souls.
Hope you can come to China to enjoy it personally.
【连句成文】
Dear Jack，
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I'm glad to know you're interested in Chinese calligraphy. It's my pleasure to tell you how to learn Chinese calligraphy.
As we all know, the four treasures of the study are writing brush, ink, paper and ink stone, which are essential to learn Chinese calligraphy. As to the way to learn it, I think, for one thing, you may study the basic structure of each Chinese character step by step; for another, choosing a good model book to copy is of great benefit to you.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
Chinese calligraphy is a fine art of the excellent traditional cultures in China. Not only does it do good to health, but also it can cultivate morality and purify our souls.
Hope you can come to China to enjoy it personally.　
谢谢观看
Thank you for watching(共47张PPT)
Unit 3
Our culture, our treasure
Period 1　 Welcome to the unit &
Reading(1)
课文理解与阐述
内容索引
学习目标
活动方案
1. Have a good understanding of the text “Chinese characters: foundation of a remarkable writing system”；
2. Summarize each paragraph of the text;
3. Form your own perspective on how to understand Chinese characters as a communicative tool.
Ⅰ. Choose the best answers to the following according to the text.
(　　) 1. Legend has it that the first Chinese character appeared _______ ago.
A. 3,000 years　 B. 4,500 years
C. 5,000 years　 D. 5,500 years
Step Ⅰ： Read the lines.
C
(　　) 2. Our ancestors invented Chinese characters by ____________.
A. drawing pictures in nature
B. combining meaning and pronunciation
C. putting together different characters
D. all the above
D
(　　) 3. Which evolution is a revolutionary transformation from ancient characters into modern characters
A. The invention of oracle bone inscriptions.
B. From Xiaozhuan to Lishu to Kaishu.
C. From Xiaozhuan to Lishu.
D. From oracle bone inscriptions to Lishu.
C
(　　) 4. Which group do most Chinese characters today belong to
A. Drawing pictures of objects in nature.
B. Combining meaning and pronunciation.
C. Putting together different characters to indicate a new meaning.
D. Adding symbols to an existing pictographic character to indicate things.
(　　) 5. Which of the following countries does the “Chinese character cultural sphere” include
A. Australia.　　 B. Vietnam.　　
C. Russia.　　 D. Germany.
B
B
Ⅱ. Answer the following questions according to the text.
1. How did Cang Jie invent the first Chinese characters
【答案】 He saw animal tracks in the ground, and began drawing pictures of objects in nature, such as the moon, the sun and the trees.
2. Can you give an example to describe the imagination in inventing Chinese characters
【答案】 Some characters were created by adding symbols like a dot or a line to an existing pictographic character to indicate things. For instance, the characters shang and xia indicate things on top of and below a line.
1. Which simplication of Chinese characters has the most far reaching influence
【答案】 Chinese characters have been simplified so that they can be used more easily by the masses. The change which took place in the 1950s when the Chinese government simplified and standardized Chinese characters, has the most far reaching influence, and promotes mass literacy.
Step Ⅱ： Read between the lines.
2. What contributions do Chinese characters make to the sustainability of our Chinese civilization
【答案】 Chinese characters have sustained Chinese civilization over thousands of years. Thanks to Chinese characters, stories of our ancestors have been passed down in a form that remains accessible to us today, and the glorious history of our country has been preserved. Moreover, Chinese characters have greatly influenced the writing systems in many other Asian countries such as Japan and Vietnam, forming the “Chinese character cultural sphere”.
3. How did Chinese characters influence the Japanese writing system
【答案】 Chinese characters hold the key to promoting the transmission of Chinese culture. Only after Chinese characters spread to Japan, the Japanese writing system started to be developed. With the spread of Chinese characters, educated people carefully studied Chinese literary and philosophical texts, such as the works of the Tang Dynasty poets and The Analects of Confucius, and learnt the art of Chinese calligraphy.
When you are reading or writing Chinese characters, what feeling do you have
【答案】 Indeed, Chinese characters provide an unbreakable link to our nation's past and connect us to our ancestors. So when we are reading or writing Chinese characters, we feel like talking to our ancestors and the whispers of our ancestors travel through time and space, and bring with them the stories of human civilization.
Step Ⅲ： Read beyond the lines.
Ⅰ. 单句语境填词，注意词的词性和词形。
1. Watching the sun rise over the mountain was an almost ___________ experience.
2. Every telephone conversation will be recorded and ______________.
3. The ____________ of the monument has worn away over a long period of time.
4. He said he would seek to ___________ the Conservative Party and win the next general election.
Step Ⅳ： Consolidate and feed back.
mystical
transcribed
inscription
unify
5. Many of your suggestions have been ________________ in the plan.
6. That line isn't in the original __________(剧本) but created by the actor.
7. This area was formerly within the ____________(范围) of influence of the US.
8. A huge amount of quality music is produced outside the _____________ (主流).
9. They wanted to investigate how the ____________(神谕) could have worked.
10. Chinese ____________(书法) requires constant practice before you can master the art.
incorporated
script
sphere
mainstream
oracle
calligraphy
Ⅱ. 根据课文内容填空。
Chinese characters are the 1. _____________ of a remarkable writing system, which 2. ___________ back about 3,500 years. Cang Jie, who is said to have 3. ____________ the first characters about 5,000 years ago.
Not surprisingly, the earliest Chinese characters were the fruits of our ancestors' careful 4. ____________ and striking imagination. Our ancestors invented characters by drawing pictures of objects in nature, adding symbols like a dot or a line to an existing 5. ____________ character to indicate things, putting together different characters to indicate a new meaning, or 6. _________ meaning and pronunciation.
foundation
stretches
invented
observation
pictographic
combining
Since their creation, Chinese characters have been 7. ________ consistently, increasing in practical value as a communicative tool. Even in modern times, there have been attempts to 8. __________ Chinese characters. One far reaching change took place in the 1950s, when the Chinese government simplified and standardized Chinese characters, promoting mass 9. ____________.　
Chinese characters provide an unbreakable link to our nation's past and connect us to our ancestors. They have 10. ___________ the Chinese civilization over thousands of years as well as hold the key to promoting the transmission of Chinese culture.
evolving
simplify
literacy
sustained
Ⅲ. 完成句子。
1. 我们所要做的就是将这两个部件对齐。
______________________ is get the two pieces lined up properly.
2. 那是一些你尚未领略到的最好的时光的地方。
That's where some of your best moments _______________________.
3. 据说是他发明了观赏名人这项活动。
He ________________________ the campaign of celebrity watching.
4. 传说很久以前，一位天神在这里与孙悟空作战。
______________________ a god from heaven was battling the Monkey King here long long ago.
All we have to do
are yet to be realized
is said to have invented
Legend has it that
5. 随着互联网的普及，基于Internet的应用程序得到飞速发展。
___________________________________,the applications based on the Internet are developing fast.
6. 只有经过多次尝试，他们才最终获得成功。
It ______________________________ they finally succeeded.
7. 科学技术是中国经济振兴和可持续发展的关键。
Science and technology ______________________ China's economic prosperity and sustainable development.
8. 他被公认为是世界最佳足球球员。
He __________________________ the best football player in the world.
With the spread of the Internet
was only after many tries that
hold the key to
is widely acknowledged as
Ⅰ. 话题拓展阅读。
A recent study has followed the origins, or beginnings of the family of languages that include modern Japanese, Korean, Turkish and Mongolian. The findings show a shared genetic ancestor for the hundreds of millions of people who speak what the researchers call Transeurasian(跨欧亚的) languages. Such languages had their origin with millet farmers who lived in an area in northeastern China about 9,000 years ago. Millet is a small, round whole grain. It was an important early crop as hunter gatherers became farmers.
Step Ⅴ： Homework.
The study's findings show how the use of agriculture following the Ice Age powered the movements of some of the world's major language families. The research highlights the complex beginnings of modern populations and cultures.
Martine Robbeets, head of the Archaeolinguistic Research Group, said people often think of Japan, Korea and China as powerful nations representing one language, one culture and one people. “All languages, cultures and humans, including those in Asia, are mixed，” Robbeets said. “Accepting that the roots of one's language, culture or people lie beyond the present national boundaries is to surrender identity, which some people are not yet prepared to make.”
The researchers studied data of vocabulary from the 98 languages. They identified a group of words related to agriculture and created a language family tree. The researchers examined data from 255 archaeological sites in China, Japan, Korea and eastern Russia. They studied ancient objects including pottery, stone tools and plant and animal remains. They also included the dating of 269 ancient crop remains from different areas.
The researchers found that farmers in northeastern China eventually grew rice and wheat along with millet. The crops spread along with farming populations to Korea by about 1300 BC and from there to Japan after about 1000 BC. As the ancient farmers moved across northeastern Asia, related languages spread into Siberia, Korea and Japan over thousands of years.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个最新的研究，表明一个庞大的语系——跨欧亚语系起源于中国。
一、 阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
( ) 1. According to the study, what do Transeurasian languages originate from
A. Ice Age people.　 B. Ancient Japanese.
C. Ancient millet farmers.　 D. Early hunter gatherers.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Such languages had their origin with millet farmers who lived in an area in northeastern China about 9,000 years ago.”可知，研究表明，跨欧亚的语言起源于古代种植小米的农民。故选C。
C
( ) 2. What does the underlined word“surrender”in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Give up.　 B. Maintain.
C. Take in.　 D. Destroy.
【解析】 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Accepting that the roots of one's language, culture or people lie beyond the present national boundaries”以及下文“which some people are not yet prepared to make”可知，有些人不愿意承认自己的语言、文化或民族的根源在当前的国界之外。由此推知，如果承认此观点，就意味着要放弃身份认同，所以surrender表示“放弃”。故选A。
A
( ) 3. How do the researchers conduct their study
A. By giving examples.　 B. By analyzing some statistics.
C. By setting down general rules.　 D. By doing an experiment.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The researchers studied data of vocabulary from the 98 languages.”可知，研究人员通过研究一些数据来进行实验。故选B。
B
( ) 4. What is the main idea of the text
A. Food has a close relationship with culture diversity.
B. A large language family has ancient origins in China.
C. Human activities lead to different language movements.
D. The research on the language family's beginnings counts.
【解析】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段内容可知，文章主要讲述了一个最新的研究，表明一个庞大的语系——跨欧亚语系起源于中国，所以B项“A large language family has ancient origins in China.”是文章的主旨大意。故选B。
B
二、 分析文章中下列句子的表达形式(指出下列句子的结构，如果是简单句，划出基本成分)。
1. The findings show a shared genetic ancestor for the hundreds of millions of people who speak what the researchers call Transeurasian languages.
【答案】 本句为主从复合句。主句为主谓宾结构。“who speak what the researchers call Transeurasian languages”是定语从句，修饰先行词people。
2. The study's findings show how the use of agriculture following the Ice Age powered the movements of some of the world's major language families.
【答案】 本句为主从复合句。主句为主谓宾结构。主语是“The study's findings”，谓语是show，how引导宾语从句。宾语从句中，主语是“the use of agriculture following the Ice Age”，谓语是powered，宾语是“the movements of some of the world's major language families”。
3. Accepting that the roots of one's language, culture or people lie beyond the present national boundaries is to surrender identity, which some people are not yet prepared to make.
【答案】 本句为主从复合句。主句为主系表结构。主语是动名词短语“Accepting that the roots of … national boundaries”，其中包含that引导的宾语从句。宾语从句中，主语是“the roots of one's language, culture or people”，谓语是lie，介词短语“beyond the present national boundaries”作状语。主句的谓语是系动词is，表语是动词不定式“to surrender identity”，“which some people are not yet prepared to make”是非限制性定语从句，修饰主句。
4. The crops spread along with farming populations to Korea by about 1300 BC and from there to Japan after about 1000 BC.
【答案】 本句为简单句。主句为主谓结构。主语是“The crops”，谓语是spread，“along with farming populations to Korea by about 1300 BC and from there to Japan after about 1000 BC”是状语。
三、 翻译文章中的下列句子。
1. A recent study has followed the origins, or beginnings of the family of languages that include modern Japanese, Korean, Turkish and Mongolian.
【答案】 最近的一项研究追踪了包括现代日语、韩语、土耳其语和蒙古语在内的语系的起源或开端。
2. Such languages had their origin with millet farmers who lived in an area in northeastern China about 9,000 years ago.
【答案】 这些语言起源于大约9 000年前生活在中国东北地区的米农。
3. Martine Robbeets, head of the Archaeolinguistic Research Group, said people often think of Japan, Korea and China as powerful nations representing one language, one culture and one people.
【答案】 考古语言研究小组组长Martine Robbeets说，人们通常认为日本、韩国和中国是代表一种语言、一种文化和一个民族的强大国家。
4. As the ancient farmers moved across northeastern Asia, related languages spread into Siberia, Korea and Japan over thousands of years.
【答案】 随着古代农民穿越东北亚，相关的语言在数千年内传播到西伯利亚、韩国和日本。
Ⅱ. 七选五。
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Children are naturally curious beings. 1 Teachers and parents often find themselves making use of rewards in the form of stars, promises of high grades and wonderful careers, or threats of punishment. But what if rewards and threats aren't the answer
Natural curiosity is sometimes referred to as “inner motivation”. 2 And it's easy to understand why it's hard to study something we aren't actively engaged with, and if we're passionate about the information we're digesting, it feels more fulfilling.
External motivation, things like rewards and punishment, does have its uses too. Praise and stimulation based on achieving good grades or fear of punishment has been acknowledged to motivate older students. 3 So, if it's the case that natural curiosity is motivation for better learning, how can we stimulate that interest
4 Let children see their learning as their own thing and give them a bit more choice of what and how they learn. For example, if you want to teach children to read, let them choose which book they use. Whether it's a graphic novel, TV guide or classic literature, the aim of stimulating their appetite for reading is achieved.
Likewise, build a relationship with children as learners and listen to their negative feelings. If they are unwilling to get involved in an activity, don't rush to use threats or rewards. Try to find out why. Perhaps it's simply because they feel the activity boring. 5 .
All in all, the answer to motivating children, especially the young ones, comes from inspiring their inner motivation. Once their inner motivation is generated, the children will be fired up.
A. The key is to allow some degree of freedom.
B. Children who see learning as fun are better at it.
C. It doesn't have as much effect at an early age, though.
D. Then explain its value, even if it doesn't seem appealing.
E. It's unapparent whether they lack inner or external motivation.
F. Even top students have days when they aren't motivated for learning.
G. But getting them to study what they aren't interested in can be a tricky task.
1._______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______ 5. _______
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何让孩子对学习感兴趣的方法。
G
B
C
A
D
1. 【解析】 根据下文“Teachers and parents often find themselves making use of rewards in the form of stars, promises of high grades and wonderful careers, or threats of punishment.”可知，老师和家长需要依靠一些奖惩手段来让孩子学习，这与上文构成转折，指出让孩子学习不感兴趣的东西很困难。故G项“但是让他们学习他们不感兴趣的东西可能是一项棘手的任务”符合语境。故选G。
2. 【解析】 根据下文“And it's easy to understand why it's hard to study something we aren't actively engaged with, and if we're passionate about the information we're digesting, it feels more fulfilling.”可知，这里解释了为什么学习一些我们没有积极参与的东西是很难的，由此可见，让孩子主动学习，需要让孩子发现学习的乐趣。故B项“把学习视为乐趣的孩子更擅长学习”符合语境。故选B。
3. 【解析】 根据上文“External motivation … has been acknowledged to motivate older students.”可知，这里提到了给予惩罚和奖励可以激励年长学生，由此推知空处旨在说明惩罚和奖励在孩子早期时的作用。故C项“尽管它在早期没有那么大的影响”符合语境。故选C。
4. 【解析】 根据下文“Let children see their learning as their own thing … the aim of stimulating their appetite for reading is achieved.”可知，本段的主旨是给予孩子多一点选择，即“允许一定程度的自由”。故A项“关键是允许一定程度的自由”符合语境。故选A。
5. 【解析】 根据上文“Likewise, build a relationship with children as learners … Perhaps it's simply because they feel the activity boring.”可知，空处承接上文，说明找出原因的过程。D项中的it指代上文的the activity。故D项“然后解释它的价值，即使它看起来不吸引人”符合语境。故选D。
谢谢观看
Thank you for watching(共71张PPT)
Unit 3
Our culture, our treasure
Period 6　Extended reading(2) &
Project
语言学习与实践
内容索引
学习目标
活动方案
1. Learn and use the chunks like：
words: loyal; teaching; compile; benevolence; righteousness; ritual; convention; etiquette; norm; mutual; hands on
phrases: make a major contribution to; for the benefit of; interact with; shoulder great responsibility; all in all
sentence patterns：
On this day, people honour the memory of Confucius and celebrate the unique legacy he left to mankind.
Although he lived more than 2,500 years ago, the great philosopher and educator has made a major contribution to human civilization.
He founded the philosophical school of Confucianism, established private schools, and edited a number of classical works.
Accompanied by some of his loyal students, he spent 14 years of his life travelling from state to state, spreading his ideas and discussing philosophical questions.
Although Confucius failed to receive the recognition he deserved during his lifetime, his teachings have survived through the ages, for the benefit of later generations.
At the core of his thinking are the three key concepts of Ren, Yi and Li, which are all connected to our relationship with other people.
It is about behaving in the most appropriate way in any given situation, based on social customs and one's relationship with other people involved.
When interacting with others, people should put themselves in the other person's position, regarding it as a code of conduct to live harmoniously with others.
People who shoulder great responsibility in pursuit of the common good and selflessly put the interests of others before their own are greatly admired and held up as role models.
It is also worth noting that Confucius focused on the conventions of ritual and etiquette, which have deeply influenced how people play their multiple ritual roles.
This way of embracing differences is evident in China's approach to other cultures, which is characterized by appreciation, inclusiveness and the spirit of mutual learning, with the aim of safeguarding the diversity of world civilizations.
All in all, Confucius was one of the most influential thinkers in world history.
His ideas have not only had a far reaching impact on the development of Chinese civilization, but will also continue to inspire people both at home and abroad.
2. Learn to make a proposal for the school Chinese Culture Festival.
Review the text of “Confucius's philosophy: a moral inspiration” by retelling it in your own words. You may begin like this：
The text is mainly about …， which …
From the text, we may learn that …
Step Ⅰ： Check and review.
【答案】 The text is mainly about Confucius's philosophy, which is considered as a moral inspiration.
From the text, we may learn that Confucius lived in the Spring and Autumn period, from about 551 BCE to 479 BCE, but he has made a major contribution to human civilization. The philosophy of Confucius can provide us with valuable moral guidance in all aspects even today. His ideas have had a far reaching impact on the development of Chinese civilization and will continue to inspire people both at home and abroad.
Ⅰ. Read the words in the word bank and figure out the meanings of them.
Word bank：
名词：teaching; benevolence; righteousness; convention; etiquette; norm
动词：compile
形容词&副词：loyal; mutual; hands on
多种词性：ritual
Step Ⅱ： Focus and learn.
Ⅱ. Match the words on the left with the explanations on the right.
(　　) 1. loyal　　 A. an act intending or showing kindness and good will
(　　) 2. compile B. a situation or a pattern of behaviour that is usual or expected
(　　) 3. norm　 C. remaining faithful to sb/sth and supporting them or it
(　　) 4. etiquette　 D. the ideas of a particular person or group, especially about politics, religion or
society, that are taught to other people
(　　) 5. convention E. the formal rules of correct or polite behaviour in society or among members of a
particular profession
(　　) 6. benevolence F. used to describe feelings that two or more people have for each other equally, or
actions that affect two or more people equally
(　　) 7. mutual 　 G. the way in which sth is done that most people in a society expect and consider to be polite or the right way to do it
(　　) 8. hands on　 H. something that is done regularly and always in the same way
(　　) 9. ritual　　 I. to produce a book, list, report, etc. by bringing together different items, articles,
songs, etc.
(　　)10. teaching J. doing sth rather than just talking about it
C
I
B
E
G
A
F
J
H
D
Ⅲ. Find the following expressions from the text according to the Chinese below.
1. 历久弥新　　　　　　　　　　
________________________
2. 独特的遗产
______________________
3. 为……做出了重大贡献
____________________________
4. 建立私立学校
________________________
survive through the ages
the unique legacy
make a major contribution to
establish private school
5. 为了子孙后代的利益
_____________________________________
6. 总结了哲学家的思想
_____________________________________
7. 与其他相关人员的关系
____________________________________________
8. 宝贵的道德指导
_________________________
for the benefit of later generations
summarize the philosopher's thoughts
one's relationship with other people involved
valuable moral guidance
9. 保持和谐的关系
__________________________________
10. 一个国家的内政和外交事务
______________________________________
maintain harmonious relationships
a nation's domestic and foreign affairs
Ⅳ. Fill in the blanks with proper words.
1. Given her interest in children, ____________ seems the right job for her.
2. In order to ___________ the military history, he has read many materials.
3. The ____________ of the party conference is acted out in the same way every year.
4. Our relationship was based on ______________ understanding and dependence.
5. ____________ was the core of his political and world views.
teaching
compile
ritual
mutual
Benevolence
6. We've always been a ____________(亲手实践), do it yourself kind of nation.
7. We wish peace, but we wish the peace of justice, the peace of ________________(正义).
8. All new fashion starts out as a reaction against existing _____________ (惯例).
9. If we don't go to our uncle's birthday party, people will consider it a breach of ___________(礼节).
10. She has always remained __________(忠诚) to her political principles.
hands on
righteousness
convention
etiquette
loyal
Ⅴ. Build your sentences through paraphrase and imitation.
1. Although Confucius failed to receive the recognition he deserved during his lifetime, his teachings have survived through the ages, for the benefit of later generations.
[Paraphrase] __________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________
[Imitation] ___________________________________________________
他直到晚年才获得他应得的赞誉。
Although Confucius did not receive due recognition in his life,
his teachings have been renewed for the benefit of future generations.
He didn't receive the recognition he deserved until late in life.
2. After his death, his sayings were recorded and compiled by his students into a book called The Analects of Confucius.
[Paraphrase] __________________________________________________ __________________________________________
[Imitation] ___________________________________________________ __________________
选举获胜后，总统于次日召开了新闻记者会。
After he died, his famous words were recorded by his students
and compiled into The Analects of Confucius.
After his election victory, the president held a morning after
news conference.
3. Ren is generally defined as “benevolence”， which means loving people.
[Paraphrase] __________________________________________________ ____________
[Imitation] ___________________________________________________ _______
压力被定义为人体根据外部需求产生的一种反应。
Ren is generally interpreted as “benevolence”， meaning
loving people.
Stress is defined as the body's response to any demand made
upon it.
4. Confucius believed that a gentleman “thinks of righteousness in the face of gain”．
[Paraphrase] __________________________________________________
[Imitation] ________________________________________________
面对激烈的竞争，我们赢得了这项合同。
Confucius believed that a gentleman was not “profit oriented”．
We won the contract in the face of stiff competition.
5. It is about behaving in the most appropriate way in any given situation, based on social customs and one's relationship with other people involved.
[Paraphrase] __________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
[Imitation] ___________________________________________________
这个决定不是基于理性的思考，而是基于感情作出的。
The decision was based on emotion rather than rational thought.
It is based on social customs and the relationship between individuals and other relevant people, and acts most appropriately in any given situation.　
6. Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you.
[Paraphrase] _______________________________________________
[Imitation]____________________________________________________
不要拿走根本不属于你的东西——这是违法的。
Treat others the way you would like to be treated.
Don't take anything that doesn't belong to you at all—it's illegal.
7. By observing such social norms, each individual can get a clearer idea of how to balance their various roles and relationships within their family and in society at large.
[Paraphrase] __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________
[Imitation] ___________________________________________________ ______________________
当你注意到这些负面的想法之后，你就能够主观地避开它们。
By observing these social norms, everyone can better understand how to behave properly and get on well with others in the family and the whole society.　
By observing these negative thoughts, you will be able to subjectively avoid them.
8. Beyond the moral principles for personal behaviour, Confucian thoughts also provide guidance on how to manage a nation's domestic and foreign affairs in today's complex, ever changing world.
[Paraphrase] __________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________
[Imitation] ___________________________________________________ __________________
除此之外，它可能会改变患者家属的健康和生活。
In addition to the moral principles of individual behaviour, Confucian thoughts also provide guidance on how to manage a country's internal and foreign affairs in today's world.　
Beyond that, it might transform the health and lives of that patient's family. 　
Ⅰ. Divide the class into several groups, discuss different aspects of Chinese culture, each group choosing one aspect, then write a proposal, and at last present it to the rest of the class.
【答案】 略
Step Ⅲ： Explore and learn.
Ⅱ. Find the following expressions from Project according to the Chinese below.
1. 中国文化的不同方面　　　　　
_____________________________________
2. 集思广益
______________________
3. 中国文化节提案
___________________________________
4. 欣赏中国文化
____________________________
different aspects of Chinese culture
brainstorm ideas
Chinese Culture Festival proposal
appreciate Chinese culture
5. 培养创新精神
___________________________________
6. 增强文化自信
___________________________________
7. 提升民族自豪感
______________________________
8. 看纪录片
________________________
cultivate one's innovative spirit
enhance one's cultural confidence
promote one's national pride
watch a documentary
9. 观看发明展览
____________________________________
10. 获得实践经验
____________________________
see an exhibition of the inventions
gain hands on experience
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空。
1. It is important to look at the novel in its ___________(history) context.
2. We had a _____________(delight) time by the seashore last Sunday.
3. When people saw how __________(excite) Chris was when his dream came true, they decided to try and help other sick children too.
4. As we climbed the final few metres, we felt a sense of _______________ (achieve).
5. Everyone praises the children's good ____________(behave).
Step Ⅳ： Consolidate and feed back.
historical
delightful
excited
achievement
behavior
6. There is little _____________(assess) of the damage to the natural environment.
7. Cycling is highly _____________(benefit) to health and the environment.
8. He was determined not to complain in the ____________(present) of the nurse.
9. He was one of 30 _____________(apply) for the manager's job.
10. The UN is seeking a _________(politics) solution rather than a military one.
assessment
beneficial
presence
applicants
political
Ⅱ. 根据语境用适当的介词或副词填空。
1. But can uniforms help improve school standards The answer ________ this question is not clear.
2. A flood of corrupt officials(贪官) have been punished in China, which shows the government's determination to fight _________ corruption to the end.
3. After a few minutes, in came a university student like boy who walked ________ my direction and sat down beside me.
4. ___________ the geographical distance, China and Australia have been closely linked by history and reality.
to
against
in
Despite
5. I clapped my hands happily ________ admiration for the pilot's beautiful flight on the air show.
6. The man tried to flee ____________ the border but he failed.
7. He has no alternative but to make a living ________ washing dishes in a restaurant.
8. Mountains are regarded________ spiritual places by many cultures.
9. He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, something occurred ________ me.
10. The city, Washington was named ____________ George Washington, the first president of the United States.
in
across
by
as
to
after
Ⅲ. 从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语填空。
shoulder; maintain; refer to; emphasize; cooperate with；accompany; survive; deserve; characterize; embrace
1. When writing papers, we have to _______________ a lot of references concerned.
2. His speech ____________ the importance of attracting industry to the town.
3. Nowadays many companies __________________ students, giving them part time jobs.
refer to
emphasized
cooperate with
4. The education system there ______________________ by an emphasis on success in exams.
5. The two countries ____________________ close relations since 20 years ago.
6. They ____________ and promised to keep in touch.
7. We must all ____________ the responsibility for its future together.
8. Children are admitted only if ____________ by an adult.
9. It was a question which ____________ serious consideration.
10. Of the six people injured in the crash, only two ____________.
is characterized
have maintained
embraced
shoulder
accompanied
deserved
survived
Ⅳ. 完成句子。
1. 面对危险，她表现出了巨大的勇气。
She showed great courage ________________________.
2. 对环境的关注是我们政策的核心。
Concern for the environment is ______________________________.
3. 我们的关系建立在相互依存的基础上。
Our relationship ______________________________.
4. 即便是需要我一个人工作，我还是可以和别人进行交流的。
Even though I'm supposed to be working by myself, there are other people _________________________.
in the face of danger
at the core of our policies
is based on mutual dependence
who I can interact with
5. 她走遍天下，追寻她的梦想。
She travelled the world ________________________.
6. 还值得注意的是，适配可能是有损耗的。
____________________________ adaptation might be lossy.
7. 总之，自从她接受手术以来，她的健康状况已经改善了许多。
_____________, her health condition has greatly improved since she received an operation.
8. 她不仅会说西班牙语，还精通计算机。
_______________________ Spanish, she's also good with computers.
in pursuit of her dreams
It is also worth noting that　
All in all
Not only can she speak
Ⅰ. 阅读理解。
It was late—an unrecognized and slow hour. In front of me was a large dog, showing his jaws so hard that his teeth gave a loud sound with each bark. His eyes were locked on me, desperate for the toy in my hand. But he wasn't playing—he was feeling uneasy.
As I cautiously held my ground, his bark changed to a shout, then he gave a short and frightening roar. That was when my unease gave way to something far more primitive: fear.
Step Ⅴ： Homework.
This was no ordinary dog. Dyngo, ten year old, had been trained to push his six stone body toward enemies, locking his jaws around them. This dog had saved thousands of lives. Now he was in my flat in Washington D.C. Just 72 hours earlier, I had travelled across the country to get Dyngo back from Luke Air Force Base near Phoenix, Arizona, so that he could live out his remaining years with me.
That first night, May 9, 2016, after we'd settled into my hotel room, Dyngo sat on the bed waiting for me. As I was gradually sleeping, I felt his body moving, and I smiled: Dyngo is a dog who dreams. The next morning, when I came out from the bathroom after a shower, it was like stepping into a hen house massacre(屠宰场): feathers floated in the air. In the middle of the bed was Dyngo, panting over a pile of torn pieces pillows.
On the flight home, Dyngo was allowed to sit at my feet in the broad first row, but he soon had bouts of vomiting(呕吐) in between his attempts to tear the blanket I'd brought him. The pilot announced Dyngo's military status, inspiring applause from the whole cabin. When we reached my flat, we both collapsed from exhaustion. It would be our last bit of shared peace for many months.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了军犬Dyngo的故事。
( ) 1. Why did the author say Dyngo was no ordinary dog
A. Because it was a large and fierce dog.
B. Because it could live with anyone peacefully.
C. Because it was once a trained military dog.
D. Because it had saved thousands of lives in Washington D.C.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“This was no ordinary dog. Dyngo, ten year old, had been trained to push his six stone body toward enemies, locking his jaws around them.”可知，作者说Dyngo不是普通的狗，是因为它曾经是一只训练有素的军犬。故选C。
C
( ) 2. What can we conclude from Paragraph 4
A. Dreaming is an abnormal behavior for Dyngo.
B. Dyngo enjoys tearing things up like other dogs.
C. Dyngo always prepares to wait for his owner after a shower.
D. Panting over a pillow is Dyngo's most favorite activity.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“The next morning, when I came out from the bathroom after a shower, it was like stepping into a hen house massacre(屠宰场): feathers floated in the air. In the middle of the bed was Dyngo, panting over a pile of torn pieces pillows.”可知，Dyngo把枕头咬坏了，表明Dyngo和其他狗一样喜欢撕东西。故选B。
B
( ) 3. How was their flight home according to the passage
A. It was tiring but inspiring that Dyngo received passengers' recognition.
B. It was disappointing because everyone was frightened by Dyngo.
C. It was annoyed that Dyngo fell ill on board unexpectedly.
D. It was peaceful and smooth without any bother.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The pilot announced Dyngo's military status, inspiring applause from the whole cabin. When we reached my flat, we both collapsed from exhaustion.”可知，Dyngo在他们回家的航班上得到乘客们的认可，这次航班虽然很累，但也很鼓舞人心。故选A。
A
( ) 4. Where is this text most likely from
A. A news report. B. A guidebook.
C. A research paper. D. A magazine.
【解析】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍的是军犬Dyngo，因此可能是来自杂志。故选D。
D
Ⅱ. 完形填空。
“Mother serious. Start immediately，” said the express telegram. It threw our entire house into a 1 . My mother began crying, while my father began delivering quick instructions to my two brothers and me to 2 for the six and a half hour journey to our village in Rajoli.
At 12, 11 and nine years old, we boys were too young to sense the 3 and cheered at the unexpected 4 . Besides a long bus ride, we had to cross a river to reach our destination. During summers, we would cross the river by foot, but on this day it was 5 and there were no boats to carry us across.
Clearly we were 6 in trouble, unable to move forward or 7 home. The only structure nearby was an old inspection bungalow, whose doors were locked. My brothers and I remained 8 of our dilemma—we played in the garden in front of the bungalow, until hunger and tiredness overcame us.
By dusk, our father was then a(n) 9 man with little idea about our next move. As the day grew darker, we 10 a lone man walking towards us. His name was Raju and he was the bungalow watchman. As father narrated our trouble, he let us into the building without asking questions and asked us if we had had anything to 11 all day. The three of us shook our heads sadly. Raju then set off to the riverbank with a towel, where we watched in 12 as he caught a couple of fish using it as a net. He made a fire and started cleaning and 13 the catch.
It was a poor meal by most standards, with minimal, precious seasoning(佐料), but Raju's kindness and selfless generosity made it a 14 I've never forgotten in the 50 odd years that have passed since that day. In that dark room, we felt like 15 .
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者接到“奶奶病重”电报后，一家人打道回府。途中河流水满，没有船可以过河。他们陷入了既不能前进，也不能回家的困境。黄昏时分，一个孤独的老屋守望者为他们抓鱼，做了一顿晚饭。守望者的善良和无私的慷慨，使这顿饭成为作者50多年来从未忘记的盛宴。
( ) 1. A. danger　 B. silence　
C. panic　 D. hunger
【解析】 句意：这使我们全家陷入恐慌。 danger危险；silence沉默；panic恐慌；hunger饥饿。根据上文“Mother serious. Start immediately”可知，接到奶奶病重的电报让作者一家陷入恐慌当中。故选C。
C
( ) 2. A. hope　 B. look　
C. call　 D. pack
【解析】 句意：母亲开始哭泣，父亲开始迅速指示我和两个兄弟收拾行装，准备前往拉霍利村，这是六个半小时的路程。hope希望；look看；call呼叫；pack打包。根据下文“for the six and a half hour journey to our village in Rajoli”可知，作者一家要前往拉霍利村，所以要打包行李。故选D。
D
( ) 3. A. challenge　 B. situation　
C. possibility　 D. instruction
【解析】 句意：我们这些男孩太小了，感觉不到形势的变化，为这个意外的假期欢呼。challenge挑战；situation情况；possibility可能性；instruction指导。根据上文“At 12, 11 and nine years old”可知，当时作者还小，不能感觉到家里情况的变化。故选B。
B
( ) 4. A. party　 B. holiday　
C. festival　 D. dilemma
【解析】 句意见上题解析。party派对；holiday假期；festival节日；dilemma困境。根据上文cheered可知，作者认为父亲让他们打包行李是为了去度假，所以他们为了这次意外的假期而欢呼。故选B。
B
( ) 5. A. dirty　 B. dry　
C. small　 D. full
【解析】 句意：夏天，我们会步行过河，但这一天河水已满，没有船载我们过河。dirty脏的；dry干的；small小的；full满的。根据下文“there were no boats to carry us across”可知，小河满了，需要船载他们过河，但是没有船。故选D。
D
( ) 6. A. stuck　 B. lost　
C. engaged　 D. concerned
【解析】 句意：显然，我们陷入了困境，无法前进或回家。stuck困(于)；lost丢失；engaged已订婚的；concerned关心的。根据下文“in trouble”可知，没有船，他们过不了河，所以陷入了困境。故选A。
A
( ) 7. A. go by　 B. go about　
C. go back　 D. go after
【解析】 句意见上题解析。go by走过；go about四处走动；go back回来；go after追逐。根据上文的“move forward”和下文的home可知，没有船，他们过不了河，所以他们既无法前进也回不了家。故选C。
C
( ) 8. A. afraid　 B. nervous　
C. ignorant　 D. proud
【解析】 句意：我和我的兄弟们一直不知道我们的困境，我们在平房前的花园里玩耍，直到饥饿和疲劳征服了我们。afraid害怕的；nervous紧张的；ignorant无知的；proud骄傲的。根据下文“we played in the garden in front of the bungalow, until hunger and tiredness overcame us”可知，作者和他的兄弟们并不知道他们现在的困境，依然在花园里玩耍。故选C。
C
( ) 9. A. relaxed　 B. worried　
C. determined　 D. exhausted
【解析】 句意：黄昏时分，我们的父亲忧心忡忡，对我们的下一步行动几乎一无所知。relaxed放松的；worried担心的；determined坚定的；exhausted筋疲力尽的。根据下文“with little idea about our next move”可知，作者的父亲因为对下一步行动几乎一无所知，所以他忧心忡忡。故选B。
B
(　　)10. A. spotted　 B. demanded　
C. urged　 D. agreed
【解析】 句意：天越来越黑时，我们看到一个人独自向我们走来。spotted发现； demanded要求；urged敦促；agreed同意。根据下文“His name was Raju and he was the bungalow watchman”可知，作者他们发现一个人向他们走来。故选A。
A
(　　)11. A. do　 B. say　
C. eat　 D. use
【解析】 句意：当父亲讲述我们的烦恼时，他让我们进入大楼，问我们一天是否吃过东西。do做；say说；eat吃；use使用。根据下文“It was a poor meal by most standards”可知，这个人问作者他们一天是否吃过饭。故选C。
C
(　　)12. A. advance　 B. reality　
C. fascination　 D. principle
【解析】 句意：Raju拿着一条毛巾向河岸走去，我们入迷地看着他用毛巾做成的网捕到了几条鱼。advance进展；reality现实；fascination着迷；principle原则。根据下文“caught a couple of fish using it as a net”可知，作者他们看到Raju拿着一条毛巾做成的网捕到了几条鱼，感到很着迷。故选C。
C
(　　)13. A. cooking　 B. storing　
C. counting　 D. smelling
【解析】 句意：他生了一堆火，开始清理和烹饪鱼。cooking烹饪；storing储存；counting计算；smelling闻。根据下文“It was a poor meal by most standards”可知，Raju开始煮鱼给他们吃。故选A。
A
(　　)14. A. feast　 B. day　
C. dream　 D. report
【解析】 句意：但Raju的善良和无私的慷慨使这顿饭成为我50多年来从未忘记的盛宴。feast盛宴；day日子；dream梦想；report报道。根据上文“Raju's kindness and selfless generosity”可知，虽然这顿饭很简单，但是Raju的善良和无私的慷慨，使这顿饭成为作者50多年来从未忘记的盛宴。故选A。
A
(　　)15. A. cats　 B. heroes　
C. rats　 D. kings
【解析】 句意：在那黑暗的房间里，我们感觉自己像国王。cats猫；heroes英雄；rats老鼠；kings国王。根据上文“but Raju's kindness and selfless generosity made it a 14 I've never forgotten in the 50 odd years that have passed since that day”可知，Raju的好心帮助让作者在那个黑暗的房间里感觉像国王一样。故选D。
D
Ⅲ. 语法填空。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With the Chinese government's initiative to “build a new socialist countryside”， rural tourism is now prospering in my hometown, drawing many 1. (visit) and talents.
Come to my hometown,2. (locate) in the Linan township of Zhejiang Province, 3. you will discover that it is an ideal place 4. (enjoy) rural tranquility(宁静). Driving down the road, you can see a vast pond shining like glass in the sunlight and the 5. (specific) designed homestays(民宿)．
visitors
located
and
to enjoy
specifically
However, such great development of rural economy couldn't have been achieved 6. support from our government. Back in 2018, no one 7. (believe) that people in the dilapidated(破旧的) houses could do wonders. And that was also the year 8. my mom embarked on(着手) a great project of developing rural tourism. For her, 9. can compare with the first cockcrow and the twitter of birds at dawn.
To further develop the rural tourism in my hometown, I hope our government could improve the 10. (conserve) and development of tourism assets(资产). They also need to train rural residents to improve the quality of tourism services.
without
believed
when
nothing
conservation
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了乡村旅游的发展对于农村经济的帮助。
1. 【解析】 考查名词复数。句意：随着中国政府“建设社会主义新农村”的倡议的提出，乡村旅游在我的家乡蓬勃发展，吸引了许多游客和人才。根据and后的talents可知，这里用名词复数。故填visitors。
2. 【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我的家乡位于浙江省临安区的小镇，来到之后你会发现这是一个享受乡村宁静的理想地方。句中已有谓语动词，所以空处用非谓语动词形式。be located in意为“位于，坐落于”，在句中作状语。故填located。
3. 【解析】 考查连词。句意见上题解析。空处前后句为并列关系。故填and。
4. 【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意见第2小题解析。此处为固定句型“it is＋名词/形容词＋for sb to do”，省略了“for sb”。故填to enjoy。
5. 【解析】 考查副词。句意：在路上行驶，你可以看到一个巨大的池塘在阳光下像玻璃一样闪闪发光，还有专门设计的民宿。动词designed前用副词修饰。故填specifically。
6. 【解析】 考查介词。句意：然而，农村经济如此大的发展多亏了我们政府的支持。根据语境可知，这里是指没有支持，农村不会有这么大的发展，所以用介词without，双重否定表肯定。故填without。
7. 【解析】 考查时态。句意：2018年，没人相信住在破旧房子里的人会创造奇迹。根据时间状语“Back in 2018”可知，这里应用一般过去时。故填believed。
8. 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意：也是在那一年，我妈妈开始了一项发展乡村旅游的伟大计划。句中先行词为the year，在定语从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导。故填when。
9. 【解析】 考查代词。句意：对她来说，没有什么能比得上清晨雄鸡的第一声啼叫和鸟鸣。根据语境可知，这里指没有什么能比得上，所以用不定代词nothing。故填nothing。
10. 【解析】 考查名词。句意：为了进一步发展我家乡的乡村旅游，我希望我们的政府能够加强对旅游资源的保护和开发。根据并列连词and后的名词development可知，空处也应用名词形式作宾语。故填conservation。
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