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(共96张PPT)
Period 3　LESSON 2 & LESSON 3
精读课文 语篇理解
PART
01
第一部分
　〈教材助读＋语基默写〉见分册本
√
What's the main idea of the text
A．The exploration to Antarctica.
B．The race of two explorers.
C．Amundsen and his exploration team.
D．How Amundsen won the race.
the South Pole
won the race
The return journey
great courage
√
1．Why did Scott and his men have to push the sledges themselves
A．Because they were interested in sledges.
B．Because they were very strong.
C．Because all the horses had died.
D．Because the horses had serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.
√
2．How long did it take Amundsen to reach the Pole after leaving Norway
A．Three months.　　 B．One year.
C．Six months. D．One month.
√
3．Which of the following statements is TRUE
A．Amundsen had teams of horses pulling the sledges.
B．Scott and his men all died during the journey.
C．Scott's two sledges broke down during the return journey.
D.Amundsen discovered that the continent of Antarctica was covered by plants in the past.
√
4．Why did Scott and his men become heroes
A．Because they achieved their goal of their ambition.
B.Because they returned from their exploration safely.
C．Because they won the race to the Pole.
D．Because they showed great courage all the time.
On 1 June，1910, the race to the South Pole 1.____________ the Norwegian and the British 2.____________ (begin).Amundsen left on 8 September，1911.He 3.____________ (make) rapid progress because he had teams of dogs 4.____________ (pull) the sledges and all his men were on skis.They arrived at the Pole on 14 December，1911 and became the first 5.____________ (arrive) there.Scott left on 1 November 6.______ his two sledges broke 7.____________ first and then his horses had difficulties with the cold and the snow.They finally made it to the Pole and were 8.____________ (shock) to find that they had failed to win the race.On their 9.____________ (dead) return journey, they still found time to look for rocks.Their great courage made them 10.____________ (hero).
between
began
made
pulling
to arrive
but
down
shocked
deadly
heroes
自查语基 知能落实
PART
02
第二部分
Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1．vehicle n.　　　　　　 A．灯
2．overseas adv. B．帐篷
3．lamp n. C．滑雪板
4．sledge n. D．极地的，地极的
5．ski n. E．在海外，在外国
6．polar adj. F．洲，大洲；大陆
7．continent n. G．交通工具，车辆
8．tent n. H．雪橇
答案：1～5.GEAHC　6～8.DFB
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．search and ____________ vehicles　　 搜救车辆
2．people ____________ under buildings 困在建筑物下的人
3．____________ to distract attention 企图分散注意力
4．other loss and ____________ 其他的损失和伤害
5．be hard to ____________ 难以衡量
6．at an earthquake ____________ 在一个地震点
rescue
trapped
attempt
damage
measure
site
7．a very challenging ____________ 一个很具有挑战性的过程
8．a ____________against time 一场与时间的较量
9．it's our ____________ 这是我们的责任
10．____________their research 进行他们的研究
11．The car is parked ____________．车就停在附近。
12．breathe in a dangerous amount of ____________
吸入大量危险的尘土
process
battle
duty
conduct
dust
nearby
13．____________ Robert Falcon Scott 罗伯特·福尔肯·斯科特上校
14．the concept is difficult to ____________ 这一概念很难得到证明
Captain
prove
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．____________ vi.& vt.打断讲话→interruption n．打断；打扰
2．____________ n．死，死亡→die vi.死，死亡；消失→dead adj.死的，失去生命的
3．____________ n．丧失；死亡→lose vt.丢失，遗失；丧失
4．____________ n．行动，活动；手术；操作→operate vt.运转；操作 vi.手术
interrupt
death
loss
operation
5．____________ n．(肉体或精神上的)痛苦；折磨→suffer v．(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦，受难，受折磨；遭受
6．____________ n．保护；防护→protect vt.保护；防护
7．____________ vi.& vt.呼吸→breath n．呼吸
8．____________ n．探险者；勘察者→explore v．探索→exploration n．探险；探索
suffering
protection
breathe
explorer
9．____________ n．预备，准备→prepare v．准备→prepared adj.准备好的
10．____________ n．基地，大本营；基础vt.以……为基地→basis n．基础→basic adj.基础的
11．____________adv.焦虑地；不安地→anxious adj.焦虑的；不安的→anxiety n．焦虑，忧虑
preparation
base
anxiously
12．____________ n．抱负，雄心；追求，夙愿→ambitious adj.有野心的；有雄心的
13．____________ adj.高兴的，兴高采烈的→cheer v．欢呼→cheerfully adv.兴高采烈地
14．____________ adj.久远的；遥远的→distance n．距离；远方
ambition
cheerful
distant
15．____________ n．坦诚；诚实，正直→honest adj.坦诚的；诚实的，正直的
16．____________ n．真诚，真挚，诚实→sincere adj.真诚的→sincerely adv.真诚地
17．____________n．勇气；勇敢的行为→brave adj.勇敢的
honesty
sincerity
bravery
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．During vigorous (剧烈的) exercise, our muscles tire as they ____________ (耗尽) fuel and build up waste products.
2．He has been allowed to leave the country and is ____________ (在他去……的途中) Britain.
3．______________ (为……做准备) lectures, I urge you to do some reading.
4．He was very pleased to see that the kids had ____________ (取得进步).
run out of
on his way to
In preparation for
made progress
5．International cooperation is very important to ____________ (消除) the barriers that prevent us from effectively dealing with climate change.
6．They _______________ (在……方面有困难) their own language, let alone someone else's.
7．In fact, he may be the greatest project team leader ____________ (在……的历史上) high tech.
8．They will ____________ (继续) their negotiations (谈判) next week.
break down
have difficulty with
in the history of
carry on
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．完全倒装
___________________________ (之后，完全漆黑来临了) of the polar winter.(Para.2)
2．the＋序数词＋(n.＋) to do
Amundsen was ___________________ (率先出发) on 8 September, 1911.(Para.3)
Then came the total darkness
the first to leave
3．have sb./sth. doing sth.
He ______________________________________ (让几队狗拉着雪橇) and all his men were on skis.(Para.3)
had teams of dogs pulling the sledges
创意课堂 点面突破
PART
03
第三部分
rescue n.& vt.营救；救援
【经典例句】
①(教材P34)Search and rescue vehicles are brought into destroyed areas.
搜救车辆被派往受灾地区。
②(人教必修一U4)What are the rescue workers and soldiers doing in the flood-hit area
救援人员和士兵在遭受洪灾的地区做什么？
(1)come/go to one's rescue 来/去营救某人
rescue...from... 把……从……营救出来
(2)rescuer n. 救助者，救援人员
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)He and his classmates were crying on the playground，not knowing what was going on，when the rescue workers came _____ their rescue.
(2)The firemen rescued six children ________ the burning house yesterday.
(3)幸运的是，听说孩子们被困在废墟中，士兵们立刻赶来救援。
Luckily, hearing the children trapped in the ruins, _____________
______________________________________．
to
from
the soldiers immediately came to their rescue
trap vt.困住；使陷于危险中；使中计
n．陷阱；困境；圈套
【经典例句】 (人教必修一U4)Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
地震发生后不久，军队派出了15万名士兵前往唐山，挖出被困人员并埋葬遇难者。
(1)be trapped in...　 　 被困/陷在……中
trap sb. into (doing) sth. 诱使某人(做)某事
(2)fall into a trap 落入圈套
【单句语法填空/完成句子/句式升级】
(1)If you trust strategies blindly, you're likely to fall ______ a trap.
(2)The two rescuers ____________ (trap) in the burning building.
(3)在网上回答问题之前你要仔细考虑。你可能会被人欺骗泄露非常重要的个人信息。
Think carefully before you answer questions online. You __________________________________________________________．
应用文写作之建议信
into
were trapped
may be trapped into giving away very important personal information
(4)The young man was trapped in the building, and he felt very helpless.
→__________________________ , the young man felt very helpless.(过去分词短语作状语)
Trapped in the building
attempt n.& vt.努力，尝试，企图
【经典例句】
①(人教必修二U1)Why did the Egyptian government want to attempt the building of the dam
为什么埃及政府要试图建造这个水坝呢？
②(译林必修二U4)After coming in empty-handed for eighty-four days, Santiago attempts to catch a huge fish.
在空手而归的84天后，圣地亚哥试图捕一条大鱼。
(1)attempt to do sth.　　　　 企图做某事； 尝试做某事
(2)make an attempt to do/at doing sth. 尝试做某事
a vain attempt 徒劳的尝试
at the first attempt 第一次尝试
in an attempt to do sth. 试图做某事
(3)attempted adj. 未遂的
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)A man is being questioned in relation to the ____________ (attempt) crime last night.
(2)If you fail ____ the first attempt, you need to keep trying.
(3) In my view, parents are making an attempt ___________ (protect) their kids by giving whatever they need.
(4)我们试着做爆米花，第一次就失败了。但我们没有向困难屈服。
We ______________________________make popcorn and failed _____________________. But we didn't give way to the difficulty.
attempted
at
to protect
attempted/made an attempt to
at the first attempt
interrupt vi.& vt.打断讲话；打断；打扰
【经典例句】
①(教材P35)Excuse me, Mr Wang, but can I interrupt you there
对不起，王先生，我能打断你吗？
②Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing, had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone screaming from another table.
北京的高中生陈伟在吃晚餐时，突然听到另一桌有人尖叫，就停了下来。
(1)interrupt sb./sth. (with sth.) `(因某事)打断某人/某事
be interrupted by... 被……打断
(2)interruption n. 打断；打扰；插嘴；阻断物
without interruption 连续地；不间断地
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)Any small ____________ (interrupt)—a price check, a chatty customer—can have downstream effects, holding up an entire line.
(2)I'm not used to __________________ (interrupt) when studying, so I like quiet surroundings.
(3)It is not polite to interrupt a speaker ________frequent questions.
interruption
being interrupted
with
(4)比赛被雨打断了，所以他们别无选择，只好推迟比赛。
The game ____________________________ , so they had no choice but to postpone it.
(5)我很抱歉打断会议，但有一个来自周先生的紧急长途电话。
_________________________________ , but there is an urgent long-distance call from Mr Zhou.
was interrupted by the rain
I'm sorry to interrupt the meeting
damage n.伤害，损伤，损害 v．损害，伤害；毁坏，破坏
【经典例句】 (人教必修一U4)Which buildings were damaged in Seoul
在首尔，哪些建筑被毁了？
(1)damage one's health 损害某人的健康
(2)cause/do damage to...＝do harm to... 对……造成损害/破坏
pay for the damage 赔偿损失
suffer damage/loss 遭受损失
economic damage 经济损失
claim damages 索要赔偿金
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
(1)She claimed ____________ (damage) from the company for the injury she had suffered.
(2)The old lady did everything in her power to protect the old temple from ____________ (damage).
(3)The storm, with its intense winds and heavy rainfall, did great damage ________ the crops.
damages
being damaged
to
(4)众所周知，吸烟会损害我们的健康。
→It is well known that smoking can __________________．(damage vt.)
→As we all know, smoking can ________________________．(damage n．)
→What is well-known is that smoking can _________________．(harm n．)
damage our health
cause/do damage to our health
do harm to our health
measure vt.估量，衡量；测量vi.(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为
n．措施，方法；尺度；标准
【经典例句】
①(人教必修二U2)What measures are being taken to help them
正在采取什么措施来帮助它们呢？
②(译林必修一U3)With true friends, we feel free to share our joy and sadness in full measure.
有了真正的朋友，我们可以尽情地分享我们的快乐和悲伤。
(1)measure...by...　　 用……来衡量……
(2)take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事
make sth. to sb.'s measure
按照某人的尺寸做某物
in full measure 最大程度地
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
(1)Some villagers reported a huge snake，____________ (measure) over two meters long, was found dead in a nearby cave.
(2)A person's success shouldn't be measured only _____ the academic grades, but by qualities like creativity and critical thinking.
(3)该是我们采取措施阻止海洋污染的时候了。
→It is high time that we __________________________________to keep the ocean from being polluted.
→It is high time that ___________________________________ to keep the ocean from being polluted.(被动语态)
应用文写作之海洋保护
measuring
by
took/should take measures/steps/action
measures/steps/action should be taken
“采取措施做某事”的其他表达还有take steps to do sth.、take action to do sth.。
run out of 用完；耗尽
【经典例句】
①(教材P104)Well, I'd love to know more, but, unfortunately, we've run out of time.
好吧，我很想知道更多，但不幸的是，我们已经没有时间了。
②If we keep using our natural resources carelessly, they will run out sooner or later. 　
如果我们继续随意使用我们的自然资源，它们迟早会用尽。
run out　　用完；(物质上)耗尽；到期
give out 用完；筋疲力尽；(精神或情绪上) 耗尽；发出
use up 用完；耗尽
【选词填空(run out、run out of、use up、give out)/一句多译】
(1)His strength ____________after he ran that long distance.
(2)We must take measures quickly because time is ____________．
(3)He has ______________________all the money his mother gave him.
gave out
running out
used up/run out of
(4)关爱环境对我们来说很重要，因为地球上的自然资源将会枯竭。
→It is very important for us to care for the environment because the earth's natural resources will __________________．
→It is very important for us to care for the environment because we will ________________the earth's natural resources.
应用文写作之环境保护
run out/be used up
run out of/use up
(1)run out作不及物动词短语，表示“被用完了(be/become used up)”的被动含义，其本身无被动语态，其主语通常是时间、金钱、食物等无生命名词；
(2)run out of作及物动词短语，后接宾语，表示“用完(use up)”的主动含义，其主语只能是人。
preparation n.预备，准备
【经典例句】
①(外研必修二U2)Can't they admit that the preparations for the dinner are hard work
难道他们不承认晚餐的准备工作很辛苦吗？
②(人教必修一U1)Studying hard isn't always fun, but I'll be well prepared for university or whatever else comes in the future.
努力学习并不总是有趣的，但我会为上大学或是其他未来的任何事情做好充分准备。
(1)in preparation for...　 为……做准备
make preparations for... 为……做准备
(2)prepare v. 准备；使……准备好；
配制(药品等)
prepare for sth. 为某事做准备
prepare to do sth. 准备做某事
(3)prepared adj. 准备好的
get/be prepared for sth./to do sth. 为某事做好准备； 准备做某事
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
(1)Jane has made different desserts in ____________ (prepare) for the party.
(2)All the competitors must be fully prepared ______ (give) the best performance.
preparation
to give
(3)为备战滑冰锦标赛，他每天都在练习。
→He practises every day _______________the Ice-skating Championship.(prepare v．)
→He practises every day ______________________________________
the Ice-skating Championship.(preparation n．)
to prepare for
in preparation for/to make preparations for
(1)prepare意为“准备”，其宾语为要准备的内容；
(2)prepare for意为“为……做准备”，for的宾语一般只是谓语动作所要达到的目的。
base n.基地，大本营；基础vt.以……为基地
【经典例句】
①(译林必修二U2)However, nowadays people tend to believe that Chen Wangting, a 17th-century master of Chinese martial arts, developed tai chi based on martial arts skills.
不过如今人们倾向于认为太极拳是17世纪的中国武术大师陈王廷根据武术技巧演化而来的。
②(外研必修二U3)That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.　足球是一项如此简单的运动，这或许是它得以流行起来的基础。
(1)base...on...　　 　 把……建立在…… 基础上
be based on/upon... 以……为基础/依据
(2)basis n. 基础；根据
on the basis of... 以……为基础； 在……基础上
on a regular basis 定期；经常
on a daily basis 每天
(3)basic adj. 基础的
【单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子】
(1)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the ____________ (base) principles of photography in the wild.
(2)Shared experience, not just everyday amusement, is the true ____________ (base) of friendship.
(3)Exercising ____________ (每天) is of great help to you if you want to concentrate on your work.
应用文写作之建议信
basic
basis
on a daily basis
(4)根据我们的经验，网上学习英语对英语学习者来说确实是一个很好的方式。
Learning English online is really a great way for English learners, _________________________________.
应用文写作之建议信
which is based on our experience
anxiously adv.焦虑地；不安地
【经典例句】
①(教材P36)Scott and Amundsen waited anxiously for spring.
斯科特和阿蒙森焦急地等待着春天的到来。
②She felt anxious about her upcoming job interview, worrying about her performance and if she would impress the interviewer.
她对自己即将到来的工作面试感到焦虑，担心自己的表现以及是否能给面试官留下深刻印象。
(1)anxious adj.　　　 焦虑的，不安的；
渴望的，急切的
be anxious for sb./about sth.
为……感到焦虑/担心
be anxious for... 渴望……
be anxious (for sb.) to do... 渴望(某人)做……
(2)anxiety n. 焦虑，忧虑；担心；渴望
with anxiety 焦虑地
【单句语法填空/句式升级】
(1)Knowing you were anxious ____________ how to choose friends, I'm writing to give you some suggestions. 应用文写作之建议信
(2)He closed his eyes and lay still, trying to get rid of the inner ____________ (anxious) and disappointment. 读后续写之情绪描写
about
anxiety
(3)I'm anxious to have the opportunity to be a volunteer. I do hope you can offer me the precious opportunity.
→______________________________________________ , I do hope you can offer me the precious opportunity.(形容词短语作状语)
应用文写作之申请信
Anxious to have the opportunity to be a volunteer
break down 停止运转，出故障；(谈判)失败；分解；打破，消除；情不自禁地哭起来；(身体)垮掉
【经典例句】
①(教材P36)First, his two sledges broke down and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.　
先是他的两辆雪橇坏了，然后马匹开始因大雪和严寒天气出现严重问题。
②(外研必修二U3)It breaks down walls and brings people together on and off the field.
它可以消除隔阂，让球场内外的人们聚集在一起。
break up　　　 打碎；分裂；解体；结束；分手
break in 破门而入；打断(谈话等)
break into 强行闯入；突然……起来
break away from 脱离；挣脱
break off (使)断开，折断；停止；突然中止
break out (战争、火灾)爆发；突然发生
break through (在某领域)有进展或突破
【用break的相关短语填空/完成句子】
(1)(人教必修二U4)Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland _________________the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
(2)A terrible fire ____________on Sunday night, leaving the Henderson Tower seriously damaged.
broke away from
broke out
(3)如果你想消除误会，你应该当面向她道歉。
If you ____________________________________,you should apologise to her face to face.
应用文写作之建议信
(4)好消息一宣布，孩子们就欢呼起来，他们的脸上洋溢着喜悦和兴奋。
The moment the good news was announced, the children ________________,their faces lighting up with joy and excitement.
读后续写之情绪描写
want to break down the misunderstanding
broke into cheers
ambition n.抱负，雄心；志向；追求，夙愿
【经典例句】
①(教材P37)Well, we have turned our back now on the goal of our ambition and must face our 800 miles of solid dragging—and good-bye to most of the daydreams.
好吧，我们现在已经折返，放弃了我们雄伟的目标，而且必须面对800英里的艰难拖拽——并且要告别大部分的白日梦。
②Although they shared the same ambitious and energetic approach to life, their careers unfolded in contrasting ways.
虽然他们面对生活时都有远大的志向，而且精力充沛，但他们的职业生涯的发展却截然不同。
(1)achieve/realise one's ambition　 实现某人的理想
an ambition to do sth./of doing sth. 想做某事的愿望
(2)ambitious adj. 有抱负的；有野心的；有雄心的
be ambitious to do sth./for sth. 渴望做某事/渴望得到某物
【单句语法填空/句式升级/完成句子】
(1)As a young man, his burning ____________ (ambitious) was to study medicine.
(2)Galileo was not merely ____________ (ambition) when he dropped objects of varying weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground.
ambition
ambitious
(3)As he was ambitious for success, he came to this big city.
→____________________ , he came to this big city.(形容词短语作状语)
(4)我的目标是毕业后在中国创办一家企业。
____________________________________in China after graduation.
Ambitious for success
My ambition is to set up a business
distant　adj.久远的；遥远的
【经典例句】 Earlier research has found that they flow over long distances and into our oceans, hurting ecosystems along the way.　早期的研究发现，它们流过很长的距离后汇入海洋，损害了沿途的生态系统。
distance n.　　　　　 距离；远处；疏远,
in the distance 在远处,
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)Polar bears—like all wild animals—should be photographed ____________a distance.
(2)Much to our delight, the sound of water ______ the distance caught our attention and drove us to the river bank.
(3)我惊讶地发现我的同学们都与我保持着一定的距离，这使我更难适应新学校。
I was surprised to find that my classmates ________________________
______________________,which made it even more difficult for me to fit in the new school.
at/from
in
kept me at a distance/kept their distance from me
完全倒装
【经典例句】
①(教材P36)Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.
之后，完全漆黑的极地冬季来临了。
②(外研必修一U3)Oh look, here comes my boy.　看，我的儿子过来了。
(1)当here、there、now、then、in、out、down、up、off、away等表示地点、时间和方位的副词位于句首，谓语动词是come、go、be、lie、stand 等，且主语是名词时，句子要用完全倒装。其中谓语动词多用一般现在时或者一般过去时，而不能用进行时；
(2)当表示地点的介词词组位于句首时，为加强语气，常用完全倒装。
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)In front of our house ____________ (stand) a tall tree with a history of over 1，000 years, which is protected by the government now.
(2)铃声一响孩子们就冲了出去，渴望享受他们的休息时间。
_________________________as soon as the bell rang, eager to enjoy their break time.
读后续写之动作描写
stands
Out rushed the children
(3)听到这个好消息，这个男孩从椅子上跳了起来。
Hearing the good news, __________________from the chair.
读后续写之动作描写
up jumped the boy
the＋序数词＋(n.＋) to do
【经典例句】
①(教材P36)Amundsen was the first to leave on 8 September, 1911.
1911年9月8日，阿蒙森率先出发。
②She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.
她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科聘任的第一位女住院医师。
(1)“the first/second/last...＋(n.＋) to do”意为“第一个/第二个/最后一个……做……的……”，其中动词不定式作定语；
(2)动词不定式作定语用来修饰抽象名词，这类名词常见的有ability、chance、effort、way、ambition、attempt等。
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)My mother is the first woman in her village ____________ (receive) high education.
(2)The ability ____________ (express) an idea is as important as the idea itself.
(3)我能说一口流利的英语，而且我是我们班上第一个出国深造的学生。
I can speak fluent English and I am ______________________________
____________for further study.
应用文写作之申请信
to receive
to express
the first student in my class to go abroad
have sb./sth. doing sth.
【经典例句】
①(教材P36)He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis.
他让几队狗拉着雪橇，所有的队员都在滑雪板上前行。
②(人教必修二U4)They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system.
他们在英国各地修建城堡，并改革了法律制度。
have sb./sth. doing sth. 让某人/某物持续做某事
have sth. done 让别人做某事；让某事被做
have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
have sth.to do 有某事要做(不定式作定语)
【单句语法填空/同义替换】
(1)I can't have my son ____________ (sit) around doing nothing all day.
(2)In cold winter, we always have the fire ____________ (burn) day and night.
(3)I have a composition ____________ (hand) in, so I can't go with you as scheduled.
应用文写作之道歉信
sitting
burning
to hand
(4)My bike is out of order and I'll ask somebody to repair it this afternoon.
→My bike is out of order and I'll ___________________this afternoon.
have it repaired
要义详析 探究语法
PART
04
第四部分
(1)(教材P36)Scott and Amundsen waited anxiously for spring.
斯科特和阿蒙森焦急地等待着春天的到来。
(2)(教材P37)The return journey was one of the worst in the history of exploration.
此次回程堪称探险史上最艰难的返程之一。
(3)(教材P37)．..we are unendingly cheerful, but what each man feels in his heart I can only guess.　……我们(看上去)始终高兴，但每个人内心的感受我只能猜测。
后　缀
(4)(教材P37)The next to go was Captain Oates, who was having great difficulty walking.
下一个去世的是奥茨上校，他走路非常吃力。
(5)(教材P37)He wrote a letter full of sadness to his wife Kathleen.
他给妻子凯瑟琳写了一封充满悲伤的信。
后缀是一种重要的构词法，通过后缀常常可以判断出一个单词的词性。一个英语单词可以分为三部分：前缀(prefix)、词根(root)及后缀(suffix)。单词中位于词根前面的部分就是前缀，前缀可以改变单词的意思；后缀，又称词尾，是一种后置于其他词素后的词缀。常见的后缀有：
1．名词后缀：-er/-or(从事……的人)、-ese(某地人)、-ess(雌性的)、-ian(……的人)、-ist(专业人员)、-ism(主义)、-ment(性质、状态)、-ness(性质)、-tion/-ation(动作、过程)、-dom(状态、区域)
例如：teacher教师；Japanese日本人；hostess女主持人；musician音乐家；artist艺术家；socialism社会主义；argument争论；kindness 仁慈，善行；communication交流； wisdom智慧
2．动词后缀：-en(多用于形容词之后)、-fy(使……化)、-ize(使成为……)
例如：widen加宽；beautify美化；memorize记忆
3．形容词后缀：-al、-able、-an、-ern、-ful、-ive、-less、-like、-ly、-y、-ous、-some
例如：personal个人的；comfortable舒适的；American美国的；eastern东方的；careful细心的；active有活力的；careless粗心的；childlike天真的；friendly友好的；cloudy多云的；nervous紧张的；awesome令人惊叹的
4．副词后缀：-ly(用于形容词后表示方式或程度)、-ward(s)(表示方向)
例如：quickly迅速地；angrily生气地；westwards向西地
5．数词后缀：-teen、-th、-ty
例如：thirteen十三；fourth第四；forty四十
课堂微练 即时检验
PART
05
第五部分
Ⅰ.品句填词
1．The life guard rushed into water and swam with all his might to r____________ the drowning boy.
2．The harbour is an important naval (海军的) ____________ (基地).
3．Too much drinking will do d____________ to your health；you should take the doctor's advice.
4．The old man ____________ (试图) to climb the high mountain, but in vain.
escue
base
amage
attempted
5．(译林必修一U2)You may feel ____________ (焦虑的) that you are developing at a different rate to your friends, shooting up in height or getting left far behind.
6. The firefighters went to rescue the people ____________ (困住) in the burning house.
7．The nursery is bright and ____________ (令人愉快的), with plenty of toys.
anxious
trapped
cheerful
8．No one will ever know what mix of talent, ____________ (雄心), energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer.
9．To some people, technology means computers, hand-held devices, or vehicles that travel to ____________ (遥远的) planets.
10．We have organized various activities and taken effective m____________ to reduce pollution.
ambition
distant
easures
Ⅱ.词块运用
1．I passed my driving test ________________ (第一次尝试), which surprised me.
2．___________________ (为……做准备) the discussion, you will write a discussion question for each article.
3．I ________________________ (为……担心) his safety when I heard the news of the train accident.
at the first attempt
In preparation for
was anxious about
4．People in that town ____________ (吸入) dangerous gases from cars and chimneys (烟囱).
5．We want to continuously ____________ (消除) barriers between the virtual and real worlds, and refresh people's experience of exploring the world.
6．Step by step, we are beginning to ____________ (取得进步) in the tasks.
breathe in
break down
make progress
7．I paid a visit to one of my old friends _______________ (在我去……的途中) Boston.
8．He is one of the most famous directors ________________ (在……历史上) film.
on my way to
in the history of(共28张PPT)
Period 4　WRITING
主题引领 情境写作
PART
01
第一部分
假定你是李华，请根据下面的提示写一篇洪水逃生的宣传手册。内容包括：
1.听到洪水来临的消息立刻逃生；
2.保持冷静，在等待政府救援时试着进行自救；
3.转移到高处去，切断电源；
4.在水里行走时带一根棍子；
5.如果房子被水包围了，要待在房子外面；
6.不要在流水中行走；洪水来临时不要待在车里；如果身上是湿的，不要触碰与电有关的东西。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
写作一　应用文写作(灾难逃生宣传手册)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
　审题谋篇
字斟句酌添细节，写作框架雏形现
遣词造句
[第一段]　设定洪水情境，引出下文
1．当你遭遇洪水时，切勿惊慌。
__________________________________ , don't panic.
[第二段]　列举应该做的事情
2．如果你听到洪水要来了，不要犹豫，立马逃走。
____________________________________ , don't hesitate to run away.
3．等待政府救援时要试着进行自救。
Try to save yourself _________________________________________．
when you are caught in flood
If you hear that the flood is coming
while you are waiting for the government's rescue
4．如果你的房子被水包围了，一定要待在房子外面。
If your house is surrounded by water, _______________________．
[第三段]　列举不能做的事
5．如果洪水来的时候你在车里，那就放弃车，搬到地势较高的地方去。
If you are in the car when the flood arrives, _______________________
_________________________________．
6．如果你是湿的或站在水里，不要触摸任何电气设备。
Do not touch any electrical equipment _________________________．
do stay outside the house
give up the car and move to higher ground
if you are wet or standing in water
巧用单元句式，靓化表达促提升
7. [读教材原句]　(外研必修一U5)While I was concentrating on photographing this amazing scene, I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched.
[记句式]　that引导同位语从句
[学仿写]　用同位语从句改写句2
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
If you hear the news that the flood is coming, don't hesitate to run away.
8．[读教材原句]　(译林必修二U2)To prevent soft tissue injury, make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when exercising.
[记句式]　状语从句的省略
[学仿写]　用状语从句的省略改写句3
____________________________________________________________
Try to save yourself while waiting for the government's rescue.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
衔接成篇
One possible version：
When you are caught in flood, don't panic. Follow the tips below to protect yourself from injuries.
Do's：
If you hear the news that the flood is coming，don't hesitate to run away.
Do stay calm when the flood breaks out.
Try to save yourself while waiting for the government's rescue.
Try to move at once to higher ground and cut off all pieces of electrical equipment.
If you have to walk in the water, carry a stick.
If your house is surrounded by water，do stay outside the house.
Don'ts：
Do not walk through moving water.15cm of moving water can make you fall.
If you are in the car when the flood arrives, give up the car and move to higher ground.
Do not touch any electrical equipment if you are wet or standing in water.
最近你所在的班级举行了一场关于发生火灾时的注意事项的讨论会。现请你根据以下要点写一篇文章，贴在班级的板报上。
内容包括：
1.不要惊慌，保持冷静；
2.第一时间拨打“119”火警电话；
3.身处浓烟时，应尽量使身体贴近地面，用湿毛巾捂住鼻子和嘴巴逃出；
4.不要乘坐电梯或从高层跳下；
5.其他建议。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
When you are caught in a fire, don't panic. Follow the tips below to protect yourself from injuries.
Firstly, call 119 and report it to firemen at once. If you are in thick smoke, keep close to the ground and get out using a wet towel to cover your mouth and nose.
Secondly, don't take the lift or jump from a high building. You can fasten ropes to something fixed and then slide down the building.
Thirdly, don't waste time collecting your money or other things. Just get away from the fire as quickly as you can. After all, life is the most important. Once you get out of the fire, don't go back into it again.
第一段 点明灾害， 引起下文 1.It is very important to learn some safety guidelines and get prepared for a flood, especially for those living near a river. Here are some tips on flood safety.
学习一些防洪安全指南并做好防范准备至关重要，尤其是对居住在河流附近的人们。以下是一些防洪安全建议。
第一段 点明灾害， 引起下文 2.Earthquake is unexpected and can break out anytime. However, remember these tips on earthquake safety, and you can survive.
地震突如其来，随时可能发生。然而，记住这些抗震安全建议，你可以生存下来。
3.Fires can spread in seconds, so memorizing escape routes and fire extinguisher locations is vital for survival.
火灾可能在瞬间蔓延，因此，牢记逃生路线与灭火器位置是求生关键。
第二段 列举能做 的事情 1.Move to a safe place immediately if there is a warning.
如遇洪水预警，立即转移至安全区域。
2.Prepare an emergency kit with flashlights, drinking water, food, and a first-aid kit.
准备应急包，内含手电筒、饮用水、食物和急救包。
3.Indoors: Hide under a sturdy table; protect your head and neck with a cushion.Outdoors: Move to an open area away from trees, buildings, and walls.　室内：躲藏在坚固的桌子下方；用垫子护住头颈部。室外：转移至远离树木、建筑物及墙壁的开阔区域。
第三段 列举不能 做的事情 1.Do not carry too many personal belongings and never give up hope.
避免携带过多个人物品，永远不要放弃希望。
2.Never use the elevator/lift.
绝对不要使用电梯。
写作二　场景微续写(森林中邂逅熊猫)
词 汇 积 累 [环境描写]　mass，habitat，reserve，plain，herd，beauty，creature
[情感描写]　alarming，alarm，aware of，concerned about，under pressure，sacred，emotion
[动作描写]　hunt，die out，adapt to，make out，observe，remind sb. of sb./sth.，shoot，watch over，attack，recover，threaten，search for，stir up
佳 句 积 累 [环境描写]　To our left, snow-covered mountains disappear into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch.
[情感描写]　Watching them move slowly across the green grass, I'm struck by their beauty.
[动作描写]　In the evening, I drink a cup of tea and watch the stars.I think about the antelopes and what Zhaxi told me.
[主旨升华]　Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
[场景呈现]　当我走进森林深处时，我被令人惊叹的风景所震撼。高大的树木形成了一个天然的树冠，阳光透过，在地上洒下温暖的光芒。我完全被风景的美丽所吸引。突然，我注意到远处有一群可爱的熊猫在玩耍。他们充满了活力，蹦蹦跳跳，翻来滚去，不知道我的存在。出于对它们安全的担忧，我意识到它们的栖息地是多么脆弱。尽管受到人类活动的压力，这些大熊猫仍然是大自然适应力的情感象征，这让我意识到保护这些珍贵生物的重要性。
1．________________________________ (as引导时间状语从句), I was struck by the breathtaking scenery.The tall trees created a natural environment, and the sunlight cast a warm glow on the ground through the branches and leaves. I 2.____________________________________
__________________．Suddenly, I noticed a group of cute pandas playing in the distance.They were full of life, 3._____________________
______ (动词-ing形式作状语), unaware of my presence. Concerned about their safety, I 4.__________________________________________. Despite being under pressure from human activities, these pandas remain emotional symbols of nature's resilience, 5.____________ _______________________________________________________________________(which引导非限制性定语从句).　
As I walked deeper into the forest
was completely attracted by the beauty of the landscapes
jumping and tumbling around
became aware of how fragile their habitat is
which made me realize the importance of preserving such precious creatures
短 语 必 记 1.be attracted by the beauty of the landscapes
被风景的美丽所吸引
2.be struck by the breathtaking scenery
被令人叹为观止的景色所震撼
3.the gentle breeze/the cool wind
温和的微风/凉爽的风
4.the air was thick with.../the air smelled of...
空气中弥漫着……的气味
5.the lush greenery/the thick forest
郁郁葱葱的绿意/茂密的森林
短 语 必 记 6.the sound of chirping birds/the rustling of leaves
鸟鸣声/树叶沙沙作响
7.cast a light on...
照亮……
8.shine brightly in the night sky
在夜空中闪闪发光
9.be spotted with shining stars
繁星点点
10.be a feast for the eyes
视觉盛宴
必 背 金 句 1.The sky was painted in shades of orange and pink as the sun dipped below the horizon.
太阳沉入地平线时，天空染上了橙色和粉色的色调。
2.The forest was quiet, with only the occasional sound of birds flapping their wings.
森林安静，偶尔传来鸟儿拍打翅膀的声音。
3.A thick fog covered the town, making it almost impossible to see more than a few meters ahead.
浓雾笼罩着小镇，几乎无法看清前方几米之外的景象。
4.The sound of waves crashing against the rocks was both soothing and powerful.
海浪拍打岩石的声音既宁静又有力量。
必 背 金 句 5.The trees stood like silent guards, watching over the peaceful valley.
树木像沉默的哨兵一样，守护着宁静的山谷。
6.The moonlight danced on the surface of the lake, creating a shimmering pathway.
月光在湖面上跳舞，形成了一条闪烁的小径。
7.The sun was setting in the west, casting a golden glow over the mountains in the distance.
太阳从西边落下，在远处的群山上投下了金色的光芒。(共22张PPT)
Period 2　GRAMMAR
定语从句(2)　关系副词引导的定语从句
要义详析 探究语法
PART
01
第一部分
当先行词在定语从句中作状语时，通常要用关系副词引导定语从句。常用的关系副词有when、where和why。
一、when引导的定语从句
(1)(教材P30)That was the day when it took only six hours to break my body and soul.
那天，仅仅六个小时的时间就使我的身心遭受重创。
(2)(人教必修二U5)Have you ever faced a time when things looked dark and you had no hope at all？　你有没有面临过这样一个时刻：事情看起来很无望，你没有一点希望？
1．当先行词是表示时间的名词(如time、day、year、month、week等)，且在从句中作时间状语时，定语从句要用when引导。
2．when可以转化成“介词＋which”的形式。
当先行词表示时间，且关系词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语时，不能用when，而要用关系代词that 或 which引导定语从句(作宾语时，关系词可省略)。
二、where引导的定语从句
(1)(教材P30)One day, my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands where we often risked going and got more fish than others.
一天，我和我的两个兄弟从我们经常去探险的岛屿返回，并且抓了比其他人更多的鱼。
(2)(教材P31)I was still tied to the barrel and the waves soon carried me to an area where the other fishermen were.
我仍旧被绑在桶上，很快，海浪把我带到其他渔民所在的地方。
1．当先行词是表示地点的名词(如place、 room、 mountain等)，且关系词在从句中作地点状语时，定语从句要用where引导。
2．where可以转化成“介词＋which”的形式。
3．如果先行词为表示抽象地点的名词(如case、 state、 condition、 point、 situation等)，且定语从句中成分完整时，用关系副词where引导从句。
where引导定语从句和状语从句的区别
引导定语从句时，where是关系副词，在从句中作地点状语，其前有表示地点的名词作先行词，从句修饰先行词；引导状语从句时，where是从属连词，从句修饰主句的谓语动词，where前面没有表示地点的名词。
*He's got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane.(定语从句)
他使自己陷入了一种危险的境地，很可能会失去对飞机的控制。
*When you read the book, you'd better make a mark where you have questions.(状语从句)
当你读这本书的时候，你最好在有疑问的地方做一下标记。
三、why引导的定语从句
(教材P31)As you can see, the reason why I'm here to tell the story is that I made the right decision.　如你所见，我还能在这里讲述这个故事，就是因为我做了正确的决定。
1．当先行词是表示原因的名词reason，且关系词在从句中作原因状语时，定语从句要用why引导。
2．可以用for which来代替why。
3．why只能引导限制性定语从句。
四、关系副词和关系代词的选择
(1)This is the factory (that/which) I visited last year.
这是我去年参观过的那家工厂。
(2)This is the factory where he used to work.
这是他以前工作过的那家工厂。
(3)Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night
你还记得我们彻夜聊天的那些日子吗？
(4)Do you remember the days (that/which) we spent together on the farm
你还记得我们一起在农场度过的那些日子吗？
选择关系词可分为两步：
第一步：分析定语从句，根据从句中所缺成分确定用关系副词还是关系代词。若从句中缺少主语、宾语、表语或定语，则选择关系代词；若从句中缺少状语，则选择关系副词。
第二步：看先行词。如果根据第一步确定用关系代词且先行词指物，则可用that、which、whose、as，若先行词指人，则可用that、who(m)、whose等；若根据第一步确定用关系副词，先行词指时间用when，指地点用where，指原因用why。
课堂微练 即时检验
PART
02
第二部分
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．My hometown ____________ I spent most of my childhood has taken on a new look.
2．We have entered into an age ____________dreams have the best chance of coming true.
3．What are the situations ____________ body language is the only form of communication
4．I remember little of the days ____________ followed the accident.
5．We will never forget the hours ____________we worked together on that project.
where
when
where
that/which
when
6．The reason ____________ I want to apply for the position is that I want to improve my spoken English.
7．The reason ____________ he explained at the meeting was not sound.
8．The Winter Olympics are usually held in mountainous countries ____________ there is plenty of snow.
9．The school ____________ we visited yesterday is newly built.
10．The film brought the hours back to me ____________I was taken good care of in that faraway village.
why
that/which
where
which/that
when
Ⅱ.语法与写作(用关系副词引导的定语从句合并句子)
1．We'll discuss a number of cases. Beginners of English fail to use the language properly in the cases.
→_________________________________________________________________________________
2．I will never forget the day. Hong Kong returned to the motherland on that day.
→_________________________________________________________
________________
We'll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly.
I will never forget the day when Hong Kong returned to the motherland.
3．Can you tell me the reason Some students get lower grades on tests and exams for the reason.
→_____________________________________________________________________________
4．Many countries are now setting up national parks.Animals and plants can be protected in the national parks.
→______________________________________________________________________________________________
Can you tell me the reason why some students get lower grades on tests and exams
Many countries are now setting up national parks where animals and plants can be protected.
5．We'll never forget the days.We stayed in your beautiful country in those days.
→__________________________________________________________
We'll never forget the days when we stayed in your beautiful country.(共47张PPT)
Period 5　WRITING WORKSHOP & OTHER PARTS
精读课文 语篇理解
PART
01
第一部分
1．Which statement about New Zealand is RIGHT
A．New Zealand has the largest number of sheep and cows in the world.
B．Moa birds are national birds of New Zealand.
C．New Zealand is the only country in the world without snakes.
D．New Zealand has the most species of penguins.
√
√
2．Why does the writer say “in New Zealand, you can get four seasons in one day”？
A．Because New Zealand has a diverse climate changing from place to place.
B.Because New Zealand has a complex terrain.
C．Because New Zealand has a vast area.
D.Because New Zealand has a special geographical location.
3．Finish off the following sentences：
(1)The highest mountain in New Zealand is ____________．
(2)The ____________ is the symbol of New Zealand.
(3)New Zealand is also ____________ to the world's largest insect—the giant ____________．
(4)New Zealand's ____________are great for hiking and camping.
Mount Cook
kiwi
home
weta
forests
1．Why does TomTom admire the crew's treatment of the wolves in the film Wolf Totem
A．Because the crew knew the importance of protecting wild animals.
B.Because it highlights the environmental message of the film.
C.Because the crew had learnt to live in harmony with nature.
D.Because people's environmental awareness is increasing.
√
√
2．What does “That” refer to in the sentence “That leaves the wolves with nothing to eat so they start attacking the farmers' animals.”(TomTom's third post)
A．Humans' cruelty to wolves.
B．The hunting and killing behavior of human beings to wolves.
C．A human act of stealing meat from wolves.
D．Man's destruction of nature.
√
3．Where does this text come from
A．A magazine.　　 B．A movie poster.
C．An online post. D．A travel brochure.
4．What is the film intended to convey
A．The importance of protecting environment.
B．The scenery of Inner Mongolia.
C．The problem of natural balance.
D．The effects created by CGI.
√
创意课堂 点面突破
PART
02
第二部分
shelter n.避难所　vt.保护；掩蔽
【经典例句】
①(教材P41)If possible, find a strong shelter nearby which will cover your whole body.
如果可能的话，在附近找一个坚固的庇护所，把你的整个身体都遮起来。
②(人教必修一U4)Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
工人们为那些家园被毁的幸存者建造避难所。
(1)take shelter from...　 躲避……
under the shelter of... 在……的庇护下
a shelter for... ……的庇护所
(2)shelter...from... 保护……不受……
【单句语法填空/语境辨义/完成句子】
(1)We sat in the shade of a big tree, ____________ (shelter) from the sun.
(2)(2024·浙江卷1月)When was the last time you used a telephone box I mean to make an actual phone call—not to shelter ____________ the rain.
(3)Some parents want to shelter their children from any potential harm. ____________
sheltering
from
保护
(4)Many are sleeping in the open because they have no shelter to protect them from the elements.____________
(5)救援队帮助那些无家可归的人建立了庇护所。
The rescue teams helped ___________________those who were homeless.
居所
set up shelters for
hold on 抓住；挺住；坚持；(打电话)别挂断；稍等
【经典例句】
①(译林必修二 U4)He felt faint again now but he held on the great fish all the strain that he could.
现在他又感到头晕了，但他竭尽全力拽住这条大鱼。
②I could feel my hands sweating slightly and I had to hold on tight to my suitcase.
我能感觉到我的手有点出汗，我不得不紧紧抓住我的手提箱。
hold on to　　 抓紧；不放开；保留；坚持
hold back 阻挡；抵制；克制；控制；退缩
hold out (食物等)维持；伸出；坚持抵抗
hold up 举起；支撑；耽搁；抢劫
【单句语法填空】
(1)He was imprisoned for 19 years yet held on ________ his belief in his people.
(2)Hold ________ , please. I'll see if he is in his office.
(3)As we all know, no one can hold ____________ the wheel of history.
(4)When she saw the little cat, she gently held ____________her hand to stroke (抚摸) it.
to
on
back
out
observe vt.观察；注意，看到；遵守；庆祝(节日等)
【经典例句】 (外研必修一U5)One of the best things about this job is that you can observe animals in their natural environment.
这份工作最棒的地方之一就是你可以在动物生存的自然环境中观察它们。
(1)observe sb.do sth.　 　 观察/注意到某人 做某事(全过程)
observe sb.doing sth. 观察/注意到某人 正在做某事
observe the traffic rules 遵守交通规则
observe the New Year 庆祝新年
(2)observation n. 观察；观测
observer n. 观察员
【语境辨义/单句语法填空】
(1)It is a tradition for the people here to observe the Thanksgiving Day. ____________
(2)Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still observe the traditional customs. ____________
(3)If we observe someone going through a red light, we should stop him. ____________
庆祝
遵守
注意到
(4)Although the thief was careful, he was still observed ____________ (slip) into the house.
(5)Sherlock Holmes is known to everybody for his quick thinking and careful ____________ (observe).
to slip
observation
observe sb. do sth.变为被动语态时，需补上do前面省略的动词不定式符号to，即sb. be observed to do sth.。
scary adj.可怕的，恐怖的
【经典例句】 It's strange that he is scared of spiders, even though he is tall and strong.
很奇怪，他明明个子很高且很强壮，却怕蜘蛛。
(1)scared adj.　　　　 对……感到惊慌的；吓坏了的
be scared of (doing) sth. 害怕(做)某事
be scared to do sth. 害怕做某事
(2)scare v. 使(某人)惊恐，吓唬
n. 恐慌；恐惧
scare away/off... 把……吓跑
scare sb.to death 把某人吓死
【单句语法填空/完成句子/完成语段】
(1)The other day, my brother told me a ____________ story, which made me extremely ____________．(scare)
(2)Finding a bird in a nearby tall tree, I moved quietly in order not to scare it ____________．
(3)得知你害怕在公共场合发表演讲，我写信给你一些建议。
_____________________________________________________, I am writing to give you some suggestions.
应用文写作之建议信
scary
scared
away
Learning that you are scared of making a speech in public
(4)突然，我遇到一条可怕的蛇，把我吓得要死。既害怕又担心，我待在原地一动不动，吓得瑟瑟发抖。
Suddenly, I __________________________________________________. ______________________,I was rooted to the ground，shaking with fear.
读后续写之心理描写
came across a scary snake which scared me to death
Scared and worried
be made up of... 由……组成
【经典例句】
①(教材P43)In fact, one third of the country is made up of national parks, which are full of hiking trails and beautiful campsites.
事实上，这个国家的三分之一是由国家公园组成的，公园里到处都是徒步旅行的小径和美丽的露营地。
②(人教必修二U2)On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals.
放眼平原，我们隐约看到一群体形优美的动物。
make out　 看清；听清；分清；辨认出； 理解；证明；填写
make for 有助于；促成；造就
make off 匆匆离开
make up 构成；编造；和好；化妆
make up for 弥补，补偿
make sense 讲得通；有道理
make it 取得成功；及时到达
make sense of 理解
be made of... 由……制成(可以看出原材料)
be made from... 由……制成(不能看出原材料)
【完成句子/完成语段】
(1)众所周知，中国早期的纸是用竹纤维制成的。
As we all know, early paper in China ___________________bamboo fibre.
(2)她答应按时来接我们，但她没做到。 她不得不为她的迟到编造一个借口。 我们很容易就看出她在说谎。 为了弥补她的过错，她给我们每人买了一块奶油蛋糕。
She promised to pick us up on time, but she didn't ____________．She had to ____________an excuse for her coming late.We could easily ____________that she was telling a lie.To ____________her fault, she bought each of us a cream cake.
was made from
make it
make up
make out
make up for
as a result 结果；由于；因此
【经典例句】 As a result, the bad thing has been turned into a good one.
结果坏事变成了好事。
(1)as a result of　　　 由于
(2)result in 导致，造成
result from 由于，由……引起
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
(1)As a result ______his illness, he was late for class.
(2)This seemingly unusual way of demonstrating fondness can result ______ unpleasant behavior.
(3)Children's fear and dislike of books may result _______ being made to read aloud before others.
of
in
from
(4)由于他在一次事故中受了伤，他不能参加运动会了。
→He was injured in an accident. ____________,he couldn't take part in the sports meeting.
→He couldn't take part in the sports meeting __________________his injuries in an accident.
As a result
as a result of
until引导时间状语从句
【经典例句】
①(教材P41)Hold on to your shelter until the shaking stops.
在避难所坚持住，直到摇晃停止。
②(外研必修一U2)I hadn't, until one day my five-year-old son asked me whether there was ham in a hamburger.　我没有(问过自己这个问题)，直到有一天我五岁的儿子问我hamburger(汉堡)里是否有ham(火腿)。
(1)until引导时间状语从句时，若主句的谓语动词是延续性的，则主句需用肯定形式；若主句的谓语动词是非延续性的，则主句常用否定形式，构成“not...until...”结构；
(2)部分倒装结构：Not until＋时间状语(从句)＋助动词＋主语＋谓语动词；
(3)强调句型：It is/was not until＋时间状语(从句)＋that...。
【单句语法填空/句式升级】
(1)He didn't leave the office ______ his boss came back.
(2)Not until I entered high school _______ I realize how right my parents were.
(3)He didn't consider having a holiday abroad until he retired from teaching three years ago.
→_____________________________________________________________________________a holiday abroad.(部分倒装)
→______________________________________________________________________________a holiday abroad.(强调句型)
until
did
Not until he retired from teaching three years ago did he consider having
It was not until he retired from teaching three years ago that he considered having
with复合结构
【经典例句】
①(教材P45)That leaves the wolves with nothing to eat so they start attacking the farmers' animals.
那样做让狼没有可吃的东西了，所以它们开始袭击农民们饲养的动物。
②(人教必修二U4)The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.
“绿宝石岛(爱尔兰)”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。
【单句语法填空/句式升级】
(1)With so much housework ____________ (complete) every day，I feel exhausted physically and mentally.
(2)With renewable energy widely ____________ (adopt), carbon emissions could be cut by 50% in a decade.
(3)With more natural resources ____________ (run) out, we should get down to taking immediate action to protect the planet.
应用文写作之环境保护
to complete
adopted
running
(4)His attention was fixed on his experiment, so he had no time for his family.
→________________________________________,he had no time for his family.(with复合结构)
With his attention fixed on his experiment
课堂微练 即时检验
PART
03
第三部分
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Other scientists are debating his theory about the ____________ (appearance) of dinosaurs.
2．Our class is made up _____50 lively students, who are warm and generous and ready to offer help.
3．People were desperately seeking shelter _________ the flood.
4．Yet, I learned that deep inside, he is ____________ (harm) and has a loving nature.
5．The newly-enrolled students are learning how ____________ (observe) the school discipline under the guidance of their teacher.
disappearance
of
from
harmless
to observe
6．Outdoor activities are ____________ (vary) and attractive in this area.
7．That is an extraordinary claim for the poem's ____________ (original).
8．He said he would hold _______ to the truth with his blood and life.
9．The girl felt _______when she saw a _________ snake crawling through the grass, making her heart race with fear. (scare)
varied
originality
on
scared
scary
10．(外研必修一U3)With just 700 metres ____________ (go), Alistair Brownlee was in third place and his younger brother, Jonny, was in the lead.
to go
Ⅱ.词块运用
1．It's important that you ____________ (保持冷静) and in control of your temper.
2．I had trouble ____________ (看清) what was going on due to complete darkness.
3．They also heard about the quiet ways he ____________ (照顾) people.
stay calm
making out
took care of
4．The student ran into the school library to ____________ (躲避) the noise, hoping to focus on his study.
5．The child ____________ (害怕) the dark and always slept with a nightlight on.
6．The park ____________ (是……的家园) bears, wolves, and other wild animals.
shelter from
was scared of
is home to
7．When I ____________ (跌倒), I wish she could be with me, but she can't.
8．I like Japanese food because it ____________ (因……而闻名) being fresh.
fall down
is famous for
Ⅲ.完成句子/一句多译
1．他没有吃早餐，结果他整天都感到饥饿。
He didn't eat breakfast, and __________________________________．
2．他坐在那里，悲伤地哭着，双手捂着脸。(with复合结构)
He sat there and wept sadly，_________________________________．
3．直到8点，他才意识到他一整天都在上网。(强调句型)
____________________________________he realized he had spent the whole day on the Internet.
as a result, he felt hungry all day
with his face buried in his hands
It was not until 8 o'clock that
4．我们一再声称我们决不首先使用武器。
We have time and time again declared that we will never be _______________________．
5．我们的国家就像一个大家庭，由五十六个民族组成。
(1)Our country is like a big family _______________________________
___．(过去分词短语作定语)
(2)Our country is like a big family _______________________________
_．(现在分词短语作定语)
the first to use weapons
made up of fifty-six nations
consisting of fifty-six nations(共56张PPT)
课后巩固 多维提能
维度一　单句语法填空
1．Judging from his expression，I know he doesn't believe the reason ____________ I explained at all.
2．Last week we paid a visit to the museum ____________was built more than 60 years ago.
3．Tony will never forget those days ____________ he lived with his mother in a small village.
4．I don't know the reason _______he didn't turn to his good friend for help yesterday.
[基础知识巩固练]
that/which
that/which
when
why
5．The professor wrote a letter ____________ he explained how he found the solution to the problem.
6．The town ____________ we visited last month is the one where the famous painter was born.
7．The reasons ____________ he explained to us for his making the mistake were hard to understand.
8．We visited a national park in Sichuan Province ____________ scenery was very attractive.
where
that/which
that/which
whose
9．Nowadays people are more worried about the environment ____________ they live in.
10．Only those ____________ are talented in computers can complete the task of designing and making the video.
11．They have reached the stage ____________ they are going to get married.
12．The reason ____________he was late was that he missed his train.
that/which
who
where
why
13．This is the house ____________ was built by my grandfather forty years ago.
14．The park ____________ we met yesterday is a popular spot for locals.
15．It happened in November ____________ the weather was wet and cold.
16．Nobody knows the reason ____________she didn't accept the invitation.
that/which
where
when
why
17．When I arrived，my friend took me to see the house ____________I would be staying.
18．We went through a period ____________ communications were very difficult in the rural areas.
19．We visited the car factory ____________ my uncle once worked three years ago.
where
when
where
维度二　语法与写作
1．我来向你解释我缺席你生日派对的原因。
I have come to explain the reason _______________________________
______________ to you.
2．你也可以参观市博物馆，从你住的酒店步行就能到。
You can also visit the city museum, which is within walking distance of the hotel ______________．
why I was absent from your birthday party
where you stay
3．我经常有这种情形：在电话里我听不出朋友的声音。
I often have the case _______________________________________
_______________．
4．她选择出国留学的原因是为了开阔视野并获得国际经验。
The reason ______________________________ was to broaden her horizons and gain international experience.
where I can't recognize my friends' voice on the phone
why she chose to study abroad
5．我们面临挑战的那些情况往往揭示了我们真正的优势和劣势。
The situations _______________________often reveal our true strengths and weaknesses.
6．我不信任他的原因是他经常说谎。
The reason ______________________________________________．
7．我还记得我收到大学录取通知书的那一天。
I still remember the day _______________________________________
___________．
where we face challenges
why I don't trust him is that he often tells lies
when I received my college acceptance letter
8．这是我上第一节摄影课的花园。
This is the garden ________________________________________．
9．这是那位著名导演发表演讲的地方。
This is the place ____________________________________________．
where I took my first photography class
where the famous director delivered a speech
维度三　语篇填空
There was a time 1.____________ I was tired of learning English and disliked to speak English.And this was the reason 2.____________ my father forced me to join in a 30-day training in an English club before I went to senior high school.When I first came to the club 3.____________ I met many strangers, I missed my parents very much.So I packed up my things and wanted to go home.Fortunately, my guide teacher 4.____________name was Li Yang communicated with me face to face.
when
why
where
whose
He also showed me a good partner, with 5.____________ I got along well.Gradually I adapted to the life there.Every day I would like to talk to other teenagers and set down a series of activities 6.____________ we did.The guide teacher 7.____________ encouraged me to fall in love with English should be appreciated.Now I feel it interesting to learn English, into 8.____________ I put my entire energy. Not only do I read words and passages aloud, but I also join in English discussions.
whom
that/which
who/that
which
Before I go to sleep, I will recall my passages, through 9.__________ I can memorize a large number of new words. 10._______ our English teacher says，“As long as we form the habit of learning English every day and have perseverance, we will conquer English sooner or later.”
which
As
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·洛阳高一月考)When 62-year-old fisherman Kpana Charlie has finished placing the day's catch in his nets, he likes to sit on his wooden chair and let his mind go back to his childhood. Back then, his home on Sierra Leone's Nyangai Island seemed like a paradise (天堂).
[综合能力提升练]
He spent endless hours playing with his friends on the island's shining white beaches. He liked to kick around a soccer ball on the sports field in his village, and in mango season, he would shake the trees to collect their colorful fruit. Whenever he wanted to avoid doing his homework, he could simply disappear into the thick forest that covered much of the island.
Today, Nyangai is disappearing, swallowed up by the sea. As recently as ten years ago, it still measured some 2，300 feet from end to end. What's left today is a patch of (一片) sand which is 300 feet long and 250 wide. The forests are gone, flooded by saltwater. The soccer field lies under water for 22 hours of the day. And the land on which Charlie's family home once stood, the home he was born in, has been disappearing under the waves. In as little as two years, Charlie fears, Nyangai may no longer exist at all.
With nearly a third of its population living in coastal areas, and its heavy reliance on agriculture and fishing, Sierra Leone has been treated as one of the world's most vulnerable countries to the effects of climate change.
Gabriel Jaka, head of operations for the country's Meteorological Agency, says the reason for Nyangai's troubles is clear. “We're seeing a significant sea-level rise and these people don't have any proper defenses，” he says. “All they have are sandbags. If we don't act now, the effects on people are just going to get worse.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了海平面的急剧上升导致一些低洼地区被淹没，虽采取了一些措施，但收效甚微。
√
1．What do the figures in paragraph 3 show
A．Nyangai is large in area.
B．Nyangai has a long history.
C．Nyangai is being destroyed by humans.
D．Nyangai is suffering a lot from a sea-level rise.
D　解析：推理判断题 。根据第三段内容可推知，本段主要通过数字对比来证明这个小岛正受到海平面升高的威胁。
√
2．What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Far-reaching.　　　
B．Protected.
C．Easy to be attacked.
D．Difficult to keep in touch with.
C　解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“With nearly a third of its population...on agriculture and fishing”可推断，塞拉利昂大部分人口生活在沿海地区，严重依赖农业和渔业，被看作世界上最容易受到气候变化影响的国家之一，画线词与C项意义相近。
√
3．How does Gabriel Jaka feel about people's future life in Nyangai
A．Worried. B．Calm.
C．Unconcerned. D．Hopeful.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，加布里埃尔·杰卡对于在这个小岛的人的未来生活感到担忧。
√
4．What's the purpose of the passage
A．To introduce a poor fisherman.
B．To call for actions to fight climate change.
C．To present a fisherman's old hometown.
D．To show the destruction of the forest.
解析：写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的“If we don't act now, the effects on people are just going to get worse.”可推知，作者的写作目的是呼吁人们采取措施应对气候变化。
B

(2025·河北示范性高中月考)As the temperature continues to rise because of global (全球的) warming, some of this increased heat goes into the oceans, which leads to the rising of sea levels and raises temperatures at the sea surface. Scientists expect that rising sea surface temperatures could produce an increasing number of hurricanes while making them stronger than previous ones. Globally, it is uncertain whether global warming is creating more of these storms. However, there are signs of change in some areas, such as the North Atlantic.
A close look at hurricane records from 1980 to 2022 shows that hurricane activity is increasing in the North Atlantic. An analysis shows that the number of hurricanes is going upward, and so is the number of major hurricanes, which have winds of 178 kilometers per hour or more. Of these years, the 2005 North Atlantic hurricane season stands out, as it had 15 hurricanes, of which 7 became major hurricanes.
However, this increase is still a normal change. Many of these increases are caused by the arrival of El Ni o (厄尔尼诺现象) in the Pacific Ocean—a climate phenomenon that has an effect on hurricane development in the North Atlantic.
Are scientists at a point where they can argue confidently that hurricane activity is increasing Or that global warming is causing an increase in hurricane activity Right now the answer to both of these questions is no. Global and local hurricane records show that the increase in hurricanes in the North Atlantic does not appear in many of the other hurricane-producing areas. In fact, hurricane activity in some areas has even reduced over the same period.
What's more, there is no sign that the increase in the North Atlantic will continue. While climate science goes on studying how El Ni o affects global warming, research continues to suggest that a warming ocean makes hurricanes more and more likely. However, whether these hypotheses (假说) will be proved correct remains to be seen.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在全球变暖的背景下，飓风活动是否增加以及其原因的科学研究和争议。
√
5．How do scientists do their research on hurricane increasing
A．By doing field observation.
B．By making close observation.
C．By analyzing old records.
D．By grouping different hurricanes.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A close look at hurricane records from 1980 to 2022...which have winds of 178 kilometers per hour or more.”可知，科学家们是通过分析过去的飓风记录来研究飓风增加的。
√
6．What can we infer about the increase of hurricanes from this passage
A．It will cause sea level to rise.
B．It may be a local phenomenon.
C．It results in warmer sea surface.
D．It often creates disastrous storms.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Global and local hurricane records...has even reduced over the same period.”可推知，飓风的增加可能是一种局部现象。
√
7．What might the follow-up research focus on
A．The direct cause of hurricanes on the Atlantic Ocean.
B．The reason for the change in the number of hurricanes.
C．The relationship between sea temperature and El Ni o.
D．The relationship between hurricanes and warming ocean.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While climate science...correct remains to be seen.”可推知，后续的研究可能会继续关注海洋变暖和飓风之间的关系。
√
8．What can be the best title of this passage
A．Will Global Warming Be Controlled
B．Will Human Beings Face More Dangers
C．Are Hurricanes Spreading Elsewhere
D．Is the Number of Hurricanes Increasing
解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章开篇提到全球变暖可能使飓风数量增加等情况，并围绕飓风数量是否增加这一核心话题展开了介绍。D项最适合作为本文的标题。
The desert lies about 800 kilometers to the west of Beijing in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and the greening efforts have also controlled desertification (沙漠化) in the rest of the area.
The project, which began about 30 years ago, can be seen as an example of efforts to advance green development, in order to create harmony between humans and nature, and leave a better environment for future generations.
The success of the project, which has been praised by the UN Environment Programme as an “eco-pioneer”， sets an example for successful desertification control and ecosystem improvement based on effective government policies, supported by investment (投资) in the eco-industry and combined with the efforts of local farmers. These three aspects are the key to the success of the “Kubuqi model”．
Elion, a private ecology and investment company, has invested about 38 billion yuan ($5.82 billion) in the Kubuqi desert greening project since 1988, helping to lift about 102，000 local farmers out of poverty. For example, the locals grow a drought-tolerant (耐旱的) plant, Chinese licorice, which is the most used herb in traditional Chinese medicine. The plant helps enrich the desert soil, with the bacteria around the roots of the plants producing nitrogen (氮气). Besides, Cistanche, another type of drought-tolerant herb, was introduced after the successful planting of licorice. Under the company's guidance and with the local government's support, the local people benefit from the “environmental wealth”．
More companies should be encouraged to apply the “Kubuqi model” to other desert control projects in Inner Mongolia and neighboring Gansu Province, where the climate conditions are similar but not quite the same, so as to further gain experience and enrich the model in practice. Showing it can be successfully applied in other areas will help promote the model worldwide.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了库布齐沙漠绿化工程。
√
9．What do we know about the Kubuqi greening project
A．It increases the areas of desert.
B．It has turned all of the desert green.
C．It has achieved satisfying results.
D．It is applied all over the world.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“the Kubuqi desert greening project has succeeded in not only controlling...green”可知，库布齐沙漠绿化工程取得了令人满意的结果。
√
10．Which is NOT the reason for the success of the “Kubuqi model”？
A．Efforts of local farmers.
B．Government policies' support.
C．Investment in the eco-industry.
D．Help from the UN Environment Programme.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，有效的政府政策、生态产业投资和当地农民的努力，是“库布齐模式”成功的关键。联合国环境规划署的帮助不是“库布齐模式”成功的原因。
√
11．How does the author develop paragraph 5
A．By following the time order.
B．By giving examples.
C．By giving a definition (定义).
D．By making comparisons.
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的For example和Besides可知，作者通过举例子来展开第五段内容。
√
12．What is the author's attitude towards the greening project
A．Negative. B．Doubtful.
C．Supportive. D．Indifferent.
解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可推知，作者对这项绿化工程持支持态度。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·东莞高一月考)Earthquakes are one type of natural disasters you simply can't see coming. Earthquake preparation is the best way to deal with a confusing time. 1.____________________________________
___________________________________．
F．Here's something you need to know about how to prepare for an earthquake
1．F　解析：根据上文“Earthquakes are one type of natural disasters...the best way to deal with a confusing time.”可知，文章开头提到地震预防，下文给出了具体如何预防，空处应引出下文，F项符合语境。
Examine weak points in your home and make a plan to strengthen them. Protect your space or your home by finding out dangers and fixing moveable things. The shaking ground could move almost anything. 2.__________________________________________________ _____________ ， and move the heavier things onto lower shelves.
D．Push top-heavy pieces such as bookshelves away from beds or sofas
2．D　解析：根据上文“Examine weak points in your home...The shaking ground could move almost anything.”可知，此段主要讲检查家中的薄弱点并加固以及保护家中空间。D项承接上文，符合语境。
Create an earthquake safety plan with your family. It's key to create and practice an emergency plan with your family so that everyone knows what to do during a time of an earthquake. 3.________
______________________________________________________. It can help reduce fears, especially in young children.
C．Talk about ways each family member can act as a team
3．C　解析：根据上文“Create an earthquake safety plan...during a time of an earthquake.”可知，本段是关于和家人一起制定地震安全计划。C项承上启下，符合语境。
Pick safe spaces in every room to take shelter in. It may be under a strong piece of furniture which can protect you from falling objects or against any inside wall away from windows, bookshelves, or tall furniture that could fall on you.
Learn earthquake emergency plans at your workplace, children's school or daycare center. Disaster can strike at any moment. 4._____________________________________________________________________________________. It's also wise to make a note of how you plan to communicate with each other and how to let loved ones know you're safe. Remember that cell phones may be unreliable (不可靠的) after an earthquake.
G．So it is necessary to learn how to prepare for an earthquake in any environment
4．G　解析：根据上文“Learn earthquake emergency plans...Disaster can strike at any moment.”可知，上文提到灾难随时可能发生。G项与上文构成因果关系，强调了在不同环境下学习地震预防的必要性， 符合语境。
5．_______________________________. Earthquakes usually last around one minute but if the damage is big enough, you could be trapped for a much longer period of time. You should have a bag containing medical equipment, food, water, flashlights and so on.
A．Prepare an emergency bag
5．A　解析：根据下文“Earthquakes usually last around one minute...water, flashlights and so on.”可知，下文提到准备装有医疗设备、食物、水、手电筒等物品的包。A项能够很好地概括下文内容，是本段的主题句，符合语境。
A．Prepare an emergency bag
B．Prepare for more damage and danger
C．Talk about ways each family member can act as a team
D．Push top-heavy pieces such as bookshelves away from beds or sofas
E．The preparation depends on a well-practiced plan and ready supplies
F．Here's something you need to know about how to prepare for an earthquake
G．So it is necessary to learn how to prepare for an earthquake in any environment
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何为家庭制定地震防范应急计划。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·常熟高一期中)Over the past decade, the number of giant pandas 1.____________(grow) significantly. In 2015, the total number of wild giant pandas reached 1，864. The numbers are so 2.____________(hope) that in 2016, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species changed the panda's threat level 3.____________“Endangered” to “Vulnerable (易危的)”．
has grown
hopeful
from
But the creatures aren't out of the woods just yet. They live in around 30 groups across six mountain 4.____________(area) in western China, separated from their peers by ongoing human activity.
areas
The Giant Panda National Park 5.____________(measure) three times the size of Yellowstone aims to connect China's panda populations, uniting nearly 80 protected areas and nature reserves in one umbrella space. The park's main purpose is 6.____________(protect) the species in the long term. Besides, the park will ensure the animals have continued supply of bamboo. Climate change has 7._____ great influence on the regions 8.____________ the plant can grow. To solve this problem, park officials are planning on 9.____________(create) passageways and tunnels that allow pandas to travel to bamboo-rich areas.
measuring
to protect
a
where
creating
Pandas aren't the only living creatures whose lives will change with the opening of the Giant Panda National Park. The space will protect more than 8，000 kinds of wildlife and local people 10.______________(benefit) from the ecotourism industry.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大熊猫国家公园在保护大熊猫方面做出的努力及取得的成果。
will benefit
1．has grown　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Over the past decade可知，空处应用现在完成时。“the number of...”作主语时，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
2．hopeful　解析：考查形容词。空处在句中作表语，根据句意可知，此处表示“有希望的”，应用形容词形式。
3．from　解析：考查介词。“from...to...”为固定搭配，意为“从……到……”。
4．areas　解析：考查名词复数。根据空前six可知，空处应用名词复数形式。
5．measuring　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语。动词measure与主语The Giant Panda National Park之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语。
6．to protect　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作表语，且句子主语为抽象名词purpose，应用动词不定式形式。
7．a　解析：考查冠词。have a great influence on为固定搭配，意为“对……有重大影响”。
8．where　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the regions，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。
9．creating　解析：考查动名词。根据空前介词on可知，本空应用动名词形式作宾语。
10．will benefit　解析：考查动词的时态。结合语境并根据句中的will protect可知，空处应用一般将来时。(共57张PPT)
课后巩固 多维提能
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．The soldier is trying to save the girl __________ (trap) in the burning house.
2．Perri and Sheila tell their mother-daughter story with __________ (honest), humor, and enthusiasm.
3．We have many summer camps for your holiday. You can choose one __________ (base) on your interest.
4．The company is carrying out a major marketing _________ (operate) to promote its new product.
[基础知识巩固练]
trapped
honesty
based
operation
5．The elephant heard the ____________ (distance) alarm calls of animals.
6．All the professors are making _______________ (prepare) for the coming academic exchange.
7．You are so ____________ to help me.Thank you for your ____________．(kind)
distant
preparations
kind
kindness
8．It was with ____________ (sincere) and faithfulness that we created a harmonious atmosphere.
9．While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that ____________ (explore).
10．____________ (anxious), she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only to find it didn't fit.
sincerity
exploration
Anxiously
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1．People who are anxious ____________ their life goals often turn to their close friends for comfort.
2．There are two main sets of Games—the Winter Olympics and the Summer Olympics, both of which are held every four years ________a regular basis.
3．I am eager to have the work ____________ (finish) ahead of time.
about
on
finished
4．The typhoon did damage ______ the area and caused 100 deaths.
5．The organization's efforts are focused on breaking _________barriers and creating equal opportunities for all individuals.
6．What makes me concerned is my final exam which will be held two weeks later, so I have to make preparations _________ it.
to
down
for
7．____________ a distance, it really looks like a little animal running along the ground to get away.
8．Don't try to trap me ____________ making a decision I'm not ready for.
From
into
维度三　完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
1．事实上，我真希望提高我的英语，并结交一些英国的朋友。(have＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
Actually, I really hope to ______________________and make some English friends.
2．看！站在学生们前面的是他们的体育老师，他正在讲解比赛前如何做热身。(完全倒装)
Look! _________________________________their P．E.teacher, explaining how to do a warm-up before the match.
have my English improved
In front of the students stands
3．When we were stuck in the ruins, the soldiers saved us.
→When we were stuck in the ruins, the soldiers ________________．
4．他试图爬那座山，但失败了。
(1)He ________________the mountain but failed. (attempt v．)
(2)He _______________________the mountain but failed. (attempt n．)
came to our rescue
attempted to climb
made an attempt to climb
维度四　融合教材·主题探究
【改编自人教选必二U4】
Li Daiyu and her cousin Liu Qian went to Canada to visit their cousins in Halifax on the Atlantic coast. Rather than travel by commercial airline all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train. For both of them, the thought of crossing the whole country by rail was exciting.
Before starting out, they spent a couple of days in Vancouver, seeing the sights. During their first day, as is typical of Vancouver, it rained. Despite the weather, they were able to take a boat ride out into the bay, and later visit an island that had wonderful shops selling crafts and antiques. The next day was clear and mild, and they were pleased to see the beautiful mountains looking out over the city. Later, they took a pleasant hike in a forest just a short distance away.
The next morning, the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise, passing through the Canadian Rockies. Seen from the train window, the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive. When the train arrived at the station, they took a taxi to Lake Louise, where the blue water literally took their breath away with its exceptional beauty. They spent the night, and then took a coach bound north through the Canadian Rockies to Jasper. Looking at the beautiful scenery, they both agreed that it was the most awesome journey they had ever taken. In addition to seeing spectacular mountain peaks and forests, one highlight of their trip was being able to see many different creatures, including deer, mountain goats, and even a grizzly bear and an eagle.
√
1．Which mode of transportation did Li Daiyu and Liu Qian decide to go to Vancouver by
A．Airplane.　　　　 B．Train.
C．Car. D．Ship.
√
2．What did Li Daiyu and Liu Qian do on their first day in Vancouver
A．They saw many different creatures.
B．They hiked in a forest.
C．They took a boat ride.
D．They saw the mountains.
√
3．What did Li Daiyu and Liu Qian see on the train to Lake Louise
A．Spectacular mountain peaks.
B．The ocean.
C．Many deer.
D．The blue water of Lake Louise.
√
4．What did Li Daiyu and Liu Qian think of their trip to Canada
A．It was boring.
B．It was the most awesome journey they had ever taken.
C．It was too tiring.
D．It was not worth the money.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·武汉重点中学高一期中联考)Standing on the ruins after the fire where his house had been, Peter Ruprecht recognized that he was not sure how or when to rebuild. He was still shocked by what Australia's increasingly changeable climate had already delivered: first a drought, then a destructive bush fire, then heavy rain from a storm.
[综合能力提升练]
“It's unstoppable，” said Mr. Ruprecht, a former dairy farmer. “We speak about the warmth of Mother Nature, but nature can also be vicious and wild and unforgiving.”
Australia's hellish (地狱的) fire season has come to an end, but its people are facing more than a single disaster. With floods destroying homes not far from where fires recently spread, they are facing a cycle of what scientists call “compound extremes”： one climate disaster strengthening the next.
Warmer temperatures do more than just dry out the land. They also heat up the atmosphere (大气层), which means clouds hold more moisture (水汽) for longer periods of time. So droughts get worse, giving way to fires, then to heavy rains that the land is too dry to take in.
Many Australians in disaster areas complain that their government, after paying little attention to climate change for years, has not yet to make recovery plans that are clear and that take future risks into consideration.
At the same time, the economic costs of a changing climate are rising quickly. Philip Lowe, the governor of the Reserve Bank of Australia, warned recently that Australia was already paying a price, and that it would only go up.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了澳大利亚遭受多重极端气候灾害，人们面临困境。
√
1．Why is Peter Ruprecht mentioned in the beginning
A．To arouse readers' pity.
B．To introduce the topic.
C．To stress the problem.
D．To call on readers to help.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容及第三段中的“Australia's hellish fire season...more than a single disaster.”可知，文章一开始提到彼得·鲁普雷希特是为了引出气候灾害这个话题。
√
2．Which word can replace the underlined word “vicious” in paragraph 2
A．Graceful.　　　　 B．Balanced.
C．Responsible. D．Violent.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“We speak about the warmth...wild and unforgiving.”可知，前半句提到“大自然的温暖”，而but表转折，说明后半句描述的与“温暖”相反。D项“猛烈的”可以替代画线词。
√
3．What is the main cause of “compound extremes” in Australia
A．Government inaction.
B．Warmer temperature.
C．The shortage of money.
D．No recovery plans.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，澳大利亚“复合极端气候”的主要原因是气温变暖。
√
4．Where is the passage probably from
A．A guidebook. B．A travel journal.
C．A news report. D．A book review.
解析：文章出处题。通读全文，尤其是第一段内容及第二段内容可知，文章介绍了澳大利亚日益严重的复合极端气候以及人们对气候变化的看法；由此可推知，这篇文章可能来自新闻报道。
B
It's sometimes a challenge for scientists to explain clearly just how widely certain ecosystems in some certain areas around the world are being threatened. There's nothing fuzzy about the term “extinction vortex (旋涡)”， however. That's what one of the world's most important forests Brazil's Atlantic Forest—is now being called. Since colonization (殖民地化) in the 16th century, the forest has been reduced from over 1.1 million square kilometers to 0.143 million square kilometers. Now a new judgement of the variety of creatures in this place has reached some equally shocking results. More than half of the subtropical forest's local mammal (哺乳动物) species have been wiped out.
“These habitats are now often severely incomplete, limited to not enough large forest remains, and trapped in an open-ended extinction vortex. This has never been recorded in both history and pre-history and can be directly the result of human activity，” said Carlos Peres, a biologist.
The study found that top meat-eating animals, like jaguars and pumas, were the most destructed. But when you're talking about this great ecological destruction, everything takes a hit.
Researchers compared large and medium-sized mammals in the forest from the past 30 years. Basic records came from those taken when the area was first colonized by Europeans in the 16th century. This was a place that left European naturalists in surprise when it was first discovered, with its greenness and with the amount of creature diversity.
The health of the forest's mammals is seen as an important sign because mammals are most helpful in helping plants spread their seeds, and also in controlling animal populations.
“The mammal diversity of the once grand Atlantic Forest has been largely reduced to a pale shadow of its former self，” said Peres.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了巴西热带雨林大大减少，陷入“灭绝旋涡”。
√
5．What does the underlined word “fuzzy” in the first paragraph mean
A．Valuable. B．Unclear.
C．Doubtful. D．Impossible.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“It's sometimes a challenge...around the world are being threatened.”以及however可知，虽然科学家很难清楚地解释世界上某些地区的某些生态系统受到威胁的程度，但“灭绝漩涡”这个词并没有什么模糊之处，fuzzy意为“不清楚的、模糊的”。
√
6．Why is the Brazilian forest called “extinction vortex”？
A．Because it is ever colonized by Europeans.
B．Because it is home to large forest mammals.
C．Because it is continually being destroyed.
D．Because it is reduced to a small forest in area.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Since colonization in the 16th century...local mammal species have been wiped out.”和第二段中的“These habitats are now often severely incomplete...trapped in an open-ended extinction vortex.”可知，巴西森林被称为“灭绝旋涡”是因为它不断地被破坏。
√
7．How did researchers study the Brazilian forest
A．By measuring the area of the forest.
B．By surveying the plant diversity.
C.By counting the creatures in the forest.
D．By judging the recordings of mammals.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Researchers compared...the area was first colonized by Europeans in the 16th century.”可知，研究人员是通过评估哺乳动物的记录来研究巴西森林的。
√
8．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The decrease in Brazilian rainforests.
B．The future of the forest's mammals.
C．The variety of creatures in forests.
D．The ecosystems around the world.
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文并结合第一段中的“That's what one of the world's most important forests...local mammal species have been wiped out.”和最后一段内容可知，文章主要介绍了巴西热带雨林大大减少，陷入“灭绝旋涡”。
Ⅱ.七选五
The Art of Spreading New Plants from Cuttings
In the world of gardening, there's a magical journey where you use the power of cuttings to create new life. Spreading plants from cuttings is a satisfying and sustainable practice. This increases your green treasures. 1.______________________________________________
A．It also starts a deeper connection with nature.
1．A　解析：根据上文中的“In the world of ... This increases your green treasures.”可知，空处应承接上文，继续说明扦插的好处。A项符合语境。
Selecting and Preparing Cuttings
Not all plants respond equally to the spreading process. 2.________ ____________________________________Many plants are proper for spreading through cuttings. Research the specific needs of the plants you're interested in, paying attention to factors like season, plant age, and overall health.
C．So, it's important to choose the right plants.
2．C　解析：根据上文中的“Not all plants respond equally to the spreading process.”并结合小标题“Selecting and Preparing Cuttings”可知，空处应说明选择合适的可扦插的植物。C项符合语境，与上文构成因果关系。
Choose healthy, disease-free stems (茎). Using clean, sharp knives, take your cuttings in the morning when the plant's water levels are best. Once you have your cuttings, remove leaves from the lower part of the stem to reduce water loss.
Developing Your Cuttings to Plants
3．_____________________________________________ Regularly water the cuttings to maintain wetness and monitor the soil condition. As roots develop and the plant establishes itself, gradually adapt it to the conditions of its future home. The journey from a simple cutting to a healthy plant may take weeks or even months, but the rewards are well worth the wait.
E．Growing plants from cuttings is a lesson in patience.
3．E　解析：根据下文中的“Regularly water the cuttings...take weeks or even months, but the rewards are well worth the wait.”可知，需要定期给扦插的枝条浇水以保持水分并监测土壤状况，从一个简单的修剪到一株健康的植物可能需要几周甚至几个月的时间，由此可推知，扦插需要耐心。E项符合语境。
Sustainable Gardening Practice
Spreading plants through cuttings is not just about expanding your garden. It's a sustainable practice. 4._______________________ _____________________________________Sharing your new plants with friends and fellow gardeners creates a sense of community and spreads the joy of growing your green family.
D．The reason is that it creates new plants without using seeds.
4．D　解析：根据上文中的“Spreading plants through...It's a sustainable practice.”可知，此处指出扦插是可持续做法，空处应解释扦插是一种可持续性做法的原因。D项符合语境。
Creating new plants from cuttings is a fascinating journey that will change your garden into a pleasant plant-filled garden. 5.________ _____________________________________________________________________________With a bit of patience and care, you'll find great joy in seeing the cycle of life happen in your very own garden. Happy spreading!
G．As you start on this journey, each cutting holds the possibility for a new beginning.
5．G　解析：根据上文中的“Creating new plants...plant-filled garden.”和下文中的“With a bit of patience...Happy spreading！”可知，本句是在建议开始扦插枝条，然后把花园变成一个充满植物的愉快的花园。G项符合语境，且G项中this journey指代上文中的a fascinating journey。
A．It also starts a deeper connection with nature.
B．This technique can not be easily learned.
C．So, it's important to choose the right plants.
D．The reason is that it creates new plants without using seeds.
E．Growing plants from cuttings is a lesson in patience.
F．Getting an independent plant from just a tiny cutting is a fortune in itself.
G．As you start on this journey, each cutting holds the possibility for a new beginning.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过扦插的方式种植植物。
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2025·南京师大附中月考)I used to think my life was perfect. My mom had her dream job and a beautiful office, and I had my own room with a computer and a garden to ____________ . But one Sunday, everything changed. A hurricane ____________ our neighborhood while we were visiting my grandparents in Raleigh. Our kitchen was destroyed, and our clean and comfortable home was in ruins.
A.look after
D．swept
But something ____________ happened. Our neighbor, the Flores family, came to our ____________. They helped clear broken pieces and offered us a place to stay. Their____________ was most admirable. We had never ____________ spoken to them before, but they ____________ their home to us and made us feel like family.
B．unexpected
C．aid
D．kindness
A.really
D．opened
We started a new ____________ of having weekend dinner together. We invited other families from the neighborhood to join us, and our ____________ were filled with laughter and delicious food. It was a beautiful thing to see our ____________ come together in the wake of a disaster.
C．tradition
B．meetings
C．community
I ____________ knew Rosica, their daughter, before the hurricane. But she quickly became my friend. She had a gift for ____________， and our evenings together were filled with adventure and laughter.
Looking back, I realize that the hurricane ____________ unexpected benefit. It brought us closer to our neighbors and ____________ our lives in ways we never could have imagined. Sometimes, it takes a(n) ____________ to bring out the best in people.
B．never
A.story telling
D．brought about
C．enriched
D．disaster
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的家被飓风摧毁，而之前并不熟悉的邻居向作者一家伸出了援手，这让作者感悟到一场灾难能激发出人们最好的一面的故事。
1．A.look after　　　　　 B．worry about
C．dream of D．deal with
A　解析：根据上文a garden可知，此处指打理(look after)花园。
2．A.visited B．skipped
C．approached D．swept
D　解析：根据下文“Our kitchen was destroyed, and our clean and comfortable home was in ruins.”可知，一场飓风席卷(sweep)了作者的社区。
3．A.ineffective B．unexpected
C．impossible D．unlucky
B　解析：根据下文“They helped clear broken pieces and offered us a place to stay.”和最后一段中的“Looking back, I realize that the hurricane ______ unexpected benefit.”可知，邻居一家来帮助作者他们是意想不到的(unexpected)事情。come to one's aid意为“帮助某人”。
4．A.mind B．attention
C．aid D．knowledge
C　解析： 参见上题解析。
5．A.courage B．creativity
C．sincerity D．kindness
D　解析：根据上文“They helped clear broken pieces and offered us a place to stay.”可知，邻居帮助了作者一家，所以说他们十分善良(kindness)。
6．A.really B．carefully
C．naturally D．clearly
A　解析：根据下文but可知，作者此前从未和他们真正(really)交谈过。
7．A.sold B．rented
C．showed D．opened
D　解析：根据上文offered us a place to stay可知，此处指邻居为作者一家敞开(open)大门。
8．A.business B．project
C．tradition D．life
C　解析：根据下文of having weekend dinner together可知，此处指飓风发生后大家会在周末一起吃晚饭，这成了一个新传统(tradition)。
9．A.reunions B．meetings
C．kitchens D．memories
B　解析：根据上文having weekend dinner together以及“We invited other families from the neighborhood to join us”可知，作者邀请了附近的其他家庭一起吃晚饭，所以指会面(meeting)充满了笑声和美味的食物。
10．A.family B．volunteers
C．community D．supporters
C　解析：根据上文邻居帮助作者一家以及“We invited other families from the neighborhood to join us”可知，作者所在的社区(community)因为灾难团结在一起。
11．A.soon B．never
C．already D．also
B　解析：根据下文“But she quickly became my friend.”可知，此处与下文是转折关系，指飓风之前作者从不(never)认识罗西卡。
12．A.story telling B．dinner cooking
C．mind reading D．house keeping
A　解析：根据下文“and our evenings together were filled with adventure and laughter”可知，罗西卡有讲故事(story telling)的天赋，让他们在一起的夜晚充满了冒险和笑声。
13．A.lay in B．took over
C．resulted from D．brought about
D　解析：根据下文unexpected benefit可知，此处指飓风带来(bring about)了意想不到的好处。
14．A.saved B．controlled
C．enriched D．recorded
C　解析：根据上文内容可知，飓风过后邻里之间周末一起吃晚饭，作者还结交了新朋友，充满了欢声笑语，故此处指飓风丰富(enrich)了大家的生活。
15．A.meal B．effort
C．party D．disaster
D　解析：根据下文to bring out the best in people可知，此处指一场灾难(disaster)会激发出人们最好的一面。(共53张PPT)
课后巩固 多维提能
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．The ____________ in the earthquake was saved by rescue workers; he thought his ____________ was extremely lucky. (survive)
2．The boy was curious ____________ (know) what was in the bag. To satisfy his ____________ (curious), he opened it and saw the things inside.
3．Strange enough, at such ____________ moments, such a little girl remained calm and wasn't ____________ at all. (frighten)
4．Tourists often complain that some big cities are too ____________ (crowd) and noisy, which affects their travel experience.
[基础知识巩固练]
survivor
survival
to know
curiosity
frightening
frightened
crowded
5．The ____________ (erupt) of the volcano makes many people lose their lives.
6．Her language, as I hear, is vivid, direct and full of ____________ (observe) and wisdom.
7．Learning to deal with the problems in real life is ____________ (equal) important.
8．It seemed like a good idea at the time, and then it all went ____________ (horrible) wrong.
9．After the ____________ (shock) news came out, telephone calls came flooding in the government office from all over the country.
eruption
observation
equally
horribly
shocking
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1．News of the robberies frightened many people ________fitting new locks to their doors.
2．The reason __________ I love western music is that the piece of music has inspired me a lot when I am in difficulty.
3．You shouldn't always turn _______ the dictionary when you meet new words in reading.
4．He has much experience in performing first aid，so I think that he is equal ______ the job.
into
why
to
to
5．She heard the news that her beloved grandmother passed away, frozen ____________ shock.
6．I asked where Steve was and she nodded in the direction _______ the kitchen.
7．The professor asked the students to make comments ____________the AI technology and its potential impact on society.
8．Yoga not only improves balance and flexibility, but also serves as a peaceful way to escape ____________ the stress of daily life.
with
of
about/on
from
维度三　完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
1.每次我和我的家人去北京，我们都会去参观长城和故宫博物院。(each/every time引导时间状语从句)
__________________________________________ , we always visit the Great Wall and the Palace Museum.
2．你对我们的传统文化了解越多，你就越感兴趣。(the＋比较级．.., the＋比较级．..)
____________you know about our traditional culture, __________________you are.
Each/Every time I go to Beijing with my family
The more
the more interested
3．我认为我能胜任这个工作，因为我能够用英语与外国人交流。
I think ___________________because I can communicate with foreigners in English.
4．As the girl was frightened of walking home alone in the dark, she called her father.
→__________________________________________ , the girl called her father.(形容词短语作状语)
I am equal to the job
Frightened of walking home alone in the dark
5．他是一个直言不讳的人，喜欢对他周围的事情发表意见。
(1)He is an outspoken man and prefers ___________________________
__around him.(comment n．)
(2)He is an outspoken man and prefers ___________________________
__around him.(comment v．)
to make comments on the things
to comment on the things
维度四　融合教材·主题探究
【改编自外研必修二U5】
We made it! My family and I have managed to cross the North American continent, from western to eastern Canada, in two weeks! I can't wait to share the stories with you.
We started from Vancouver, where we picked up our vehicle for the trip—a home on wheels. It took us where we wanted, when we wanted. Dad did the driving but he has a poor sense of direction. We got lost a few times even with the help of GPS, but eventually we managed to cross the Rocky Mountains. I was hoping to see a bear or even an eagle, but all I saw was a small group of deer. The views were fantastic, though. There were forests, mountains with snowy tops and masses of ice. It's like another world.
We reached Quebec on the eighth day, where most people speak French. Well, actually, they speak Quebecois, which is a type of Canadian French. The funniest thing happened on that day. I'd fallen asleep, when I heard Dad's phone ringing. He was driving, so I answered it. Guess who it was Mum! It was then that I realised her seat was empty! How did that happen Well, while I was sleeping, Dad stopped for some petrol and Mum also got out to take photos, and you can guess the rest...She was so mad! To cheer her up, we went to a typical Quebec restaurant for lunch. We had the famous “poutine”， which is a dish of French fries, fresh cheese and a hot brown sauce called “gravy”. It's usually followed by pancakes with maple syrup—delicious!
So, we're now in Newfoundland, the very eastern part of Canada and the end of our journey. To celebrate, we went on a boat trip yesterday. Mum was using Dad's phone to take photos of the colourful little houses along the coast when we saw something amazing—a killer whale! Mum was so excited that she dropped the phone into the sea. This time it was Dad's turn to get mad!
√
1．How did the family travel across North America
A．By train.　　　　 B．By car.
C．By plane. D．By boat.
√
2．What did the author see when they crossed the Rocky Mountains
A．Deer. B．A bear.
C．An eagle. D．A wolf.
√
3．What happened to Mum on the eighth day
A．She lost her way.
B．She was mad at the author.
C．She fell asleep while driving.
D．She left her seat unoccupied for a while.
√
4．What did the family do when Mum got mad on the eighth day
A．They went to a restaurant for lunch.
B．They went on a boat trip.
C．They took photos of the coast.
D．They drove back to Vancouver.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
It's not quite often when we see architects devoted to creating buildings as more than art, expression, or technological creation. Shigeru Ban is one of the most clever architects who knows how to recognize pressing problems and come up with the best solutions for them.
[综合能力提升练]
Shigeru Ban is a Japanese architect born in Tokyo in 1957. He founded Shigeru Ban Architects in 1985 and has since then expanded branches from Tokyo to New York and Paris. His career has spanned over various architectural fields from commercial spaces to museums, but his disaster relief (救灾) work shines the most.
He set a new standard for socially-aware and emergent (紧急的) architecture and paved the way for teaching the whole world how building skills can help in times of crises. His unique method earned him the Pritzker Architecture Prize in 2014, where he was honored for his devotion to designing shelters for disaster-stricken areas. He is highly praised for showing how architecture can be a tool for positive social change, particularly in his attention to using materials and attending to social needs.
In a 2017 interview, Shigeru Ban was asked about what guided him towards being involved with disaster relief architecture. His replies detailed that there seemed to be a lack of social responsibility among architects in Japan regarding this matter, so he felt the urge to take action. After the Kobe earthquake in 1995, Ban saw the poor living conditions related to evacuation centers and wanted to make a change with architecture.
Following this event, he established the Voluntary Architects' Network (VAN) to provide support to disaster-affected areas worldwide. When asked whether his initiatives were inspired by Japan's continuous risk for earthquakes and volcano eruptions, he explained that his motivation (动力) comes from a desire to improve living conditions for disaster victims rather than Japan's geographic risks. He's a man with a skill for identifying problems and finding solutions.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了日本建筑师坂茂的生平事迹，重点强调了他在救灾建筑方面的贡献以及他设立的新标准。
√
1．What does the underlined word “expanded” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Organised.　　　　 B．Enlarged.
C．Strengthened. D．Tracked.
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“He founded Shigeru Ban Architects...from Tokyo to New York and Paris.”可知，坂茂建筑设计初建于东京，后来在纽约和巴黎建立了分支机构，即他的公司规模变大了，故画线词意为“扩大”。
√
2．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．The new standard Ban set for architecture.
B．The creative use of materials in Ban's design.
C．The achievements of Ban's disaster relief work.
D．The reasons Ban designed shelters for the homeless.
解析：段落大意题。本段主要介绍了坂茂在救灾建筑方面的成就，包括设立新标准、获得普利兹克建筑奖以及受到的高度赞扬，所以本段主要介绍了坂茂在救灾建筑方面的工作成就。
√
3．What was Ban's motivation for disaster relief work
A．His skills in dealing with natural disaster.
B．His terrible suffering in a natural disaster.
C．His concern about Japan's geographic risks.
D．His desire to improve the life of those in need.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“he explained that his motivation...rather than Japan's geographic risks”可知，坂茂参与救灾工作的动力是改善灾难受害者等有需要的人的生活条件。
√
4．Which of the following can best describe Shigeru Ban
A.Caring and creative.
B．Responsible but impolite.
C．Selfless but careless.
D．Talented and outgoing.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“In a 2017 interview, Shigeru Ban...felt the urge to take action.”和最后一段中的“He's a man with a skill for identifying problems and finding solutions.”可推知，坂茂是一个有社会责任感、关心社会的人，也是一个善于发现问题并找到解决方案、有创造力的人。
Johnny and his whole family live within a few blocks of one another. They kept in touch with Karen as the storm continued violently (猛烈地) outside, watching the water rising dangerously all around them. When Karen reported that the water in her house had reached her bottom, Johnny knew he had to take action.
First, Johnny ensured his sons and their pets were taken care of. Then, he jumped out of a window and began to swim. Johnny used to work as a rescue swimmer. He is obviously a strong swimmer, but the flood water was filled with dangerous materials. There was also a strong current (水流), and he had to swim against it for most of his trip to Karen's. As he made his way through the water, Johnny stopped periodically to snap selfies (自拍) to show his worried family that he was okay.
Johnny was racing against the clock. He knew he only had a short period of time to get there before the water rose above Karen's head. It took him 40 minutes to swim four blocks. The sound of Karen shouting inside was music to his ears!
“If it had been 20 minutes later, she wouldn't have been here，” Johnny said. “She's never been happier to see me.”
Karen is now safe, although she is in the hospital being treated for infections (感染) she got in the water. The family have all lost everything they owned, including their houses, but they're grateful just to be here.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了飓风席卷时，约翰尼游了四个街区去救自己母亲凯伦·劳德的故事。
√
5．Why did Karen refuse to leave her house when the hurricane came
A．She was too old to move.
B．She missed one of her legs.
C．She thought the storm was not violent.
D．She lost her wheelchair and was unable to leave.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“When a hurricane hit her hometown...how strong the storm would be.”可推知，凯伦想要待在家是因为她对飓风的强度判断失误，认为暴风雨并不猛烈。
√
6．Why did Johnny take selfies along the way to Karen's home
A．To record his swimming trip.
B．To report his safety to his family.
C．To warn other rescuers of danger.
D．To show off his swimming skills.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As he made his way...he was okay.”可知，约翰尼游泳时还不时停下来自拍，是为了向家人报告他的安全状况。
√
7．What does the underlined sentence “The sound of Karen shouting inside was music to his ears！” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Karen was playing music inside.
B．Johnny was too tired to hear anything but music.
C．Johnny felt relieved when hearing Karen shouting.
D．Johnny mistook the sound of water inside as music.
解析：句意猜测题。根据第五段内容可知，约翰尼及时赶到救了母亲。由此可推知，画线句意为“听到母亲在喊，约翰尼感到很欣慰和放心”。
√
8．What is the best title for the passage
A．A Successful Rescue in a Hurricane
B．A Family's Total Loss in a Strong Current
C．A Race Against The Clock to Snap Selfies
D．Johnny's Working Experience as a Rescue Swimmer　
解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了约翰尼在飓风中成功救出母亲的故事，A项最适合作为本文的标题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·河北师大附中月考)When an earthquake hit a small town, many houses fell down. ____________ the earthquake, all the newspapers reported many stories about some of the families who were in ____________．
D．After
B．trouble
One Sunday, when I was ____________ a newspaper, a(n) ____________ picture touched (触动) me. It gave the clothing sizes of each family member. I thought that this would be a good chance to teach my children to ____________ those who were less lucky than themselves. I said to my seven-year-old twins Brad and Brett and three-year-old Meghan, “We have so much and these poor people now have ____________. We'll share ____________ we have with them.”
A.reading
C．special
D．help
A.nothing
C．what
I filled a box ____________ foods and clothes. While I was doing this, I encouraged the boys to choose their toys and donate (捐赠) some of their ____________ favourite things. Meghan watched ____________ as the boys took out their old toys and games and put them together. Then she walked ____________. A few minutes later she came back with Lucy—her much-loved ____________. She put the doll on top of the other toys. “Oh dear，” I said, “you don't have to give Lucy. You love her so much.” Meghan said，“Lucy makes me happy, Mommy. Maybe she'll make ____________ little girl happy, too.”
D．with
C．less
B．quietly
C．away
B．doll
D．another
I looked at Meghan for a long moment. She taught me a ____________. It's easy to give something that we don't want any more, ____________ harder to give what we cherish (珍爱), isn't it
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者组织孩子们为地震灾民捐赠东西，女儿梅根捐出了自己心爱的玩偶露西的故事。
A.lesson
B．but
1．A.Since　　　　　 B．Before
C．Until D．After
D　解析：根据下文“all the newspapers reported many stories about some of the families who were in ______”可知，地震后(after)所有的报纸都报道了许多关于一些陷入困境的家庭的故事。
2．A.disappointment B．trouble
C．despair D．puzzlement
B　解析：根据上文“When an earthquake hit a small town, many houses fell down.”可知，地震导致许多房屋倒塌了，所以是许多家庭陷入困境(trouble)。
3．A.reading B．sorting
C．buying D．searching
A　解析：根据下文“a newspaper, a(n) ______ picture touched me”可知，应是作者在读(read)报纸，所以才会有一幅图片打动了她。
4．A.amazing B．unforgettable
C．special D．simple
C　解析：根据下文“It gave the clothing sizes of each family member.”可知，图片给出了每个家庭成员的衣服尺寸，所以是特别的(special)。
5．A.call B．care
C．connect D．help
D　解析：根据上文“all the newspapers reported many stories about some of the families who were in ______”可知，许多家庭陷入困境，所以作者认为这是一次教会孩子去帮助(help)那些没有他们幸运的人的机会。
6．A.nothing B．everything
C．something D．anything
A　解析：根据上文“When an earthquake hit a small town, many houses fell down.”可知，这些可怜的人的房子倒塌了，所以他们什么都没有(nothing)了。
7．A.which B．that
C．what D．who
C　解析：根据语境可知，“我们”会和他们分享“我们”拥有的东西(what)。
8．A.of B．by
C．for D．with
D　解析：根据语境可知，作者用食物和衣服装满了一个箱子。fill...with...为固定搭配，意为“用……填满……”。
9．A.more B．most
C．less D．least
C　解析：根据下文“as the boys took out their old toys and games and put them together”可知，孩子们捐赠的是旧玩具和游戏，所以应是他们不太(less)喜欢的东西。
10．A.happily B．quietly
C．excitedly D．merrily
B　解析：根据下文“Then she walked ______．”可知，梅根看了一会就走开(away)了，所以应是静静地(quietly)看着男孩们。
11．A.in B．out
C．away D．on
C　解析：参见上题解析。
12．A.toy B．doll
C．game D．friend
B　解析：根据下文“She put the doll on top of the other toys.”可知，梅根带着她心爱的玩偶(doll)回来了。
13．A.the other B．others
C．other D．another
D　解析：根据上文“Lucy makes me happy, Mommy.”并结合选项可知，此处表达“露西让我开心，妈妈。也许她也会让另一个(another)小女孩快乐”之意。
14．A.lesson B．class
C．reason D．value
A　解析：根据下文“It's easy to give something...isn't it？”可知，梅根的做法让作者明白“给予我们不再想要的东西很容易，但给予我们珍惜的东西却很难”，所以是给她上了一课(lesson)。
15．A.so B．but
C．because D．and
B　解析：根据语境可知，此处是转折关系，应用but连接。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Due to the improvement of ecological and environmental 1.____________(protect) in recent years, the western part of Northeast China's Jilin Province has seen 2.____________(many) rare migratory birds than other places, searching for food in spring and autumn.
With 3.____________(it) favorable geographical location and wetlands, Jilin is 4._______ important stop for migratory waterfowl, including large numbers of rare species, such as white cranes (鹤), red-crowned cranes, white storks and Chinese mergansers (秋沙鸭).
protection
more
its
an
Western Jilin 5.____________(focus) on water management and started major projects such as river and lake connectivity in the past decade to improve the ecological conditions.
6．____________(locate) on the border of Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces and the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the Momoge National Nature Reserve in the city of Baicheng has rich natural 7.____________(resource) and is a key habitat 8.____________ migratory birds in China settle. It is one of the nine major global bird migration routes, 9.____________ more than 5 million migratory birds passing through every year.
has focused
Located
resources
where
with
The number of white cranes 10.____________(stop) in the reserve in spring and autumn has risen to around 3，500, with a resting period of about 100 days every year.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了近年来，由于生态环境保护的改善，中国东北吉林省西部地区出现了比其他地方更多的珍稀候鸟，在春季和秋季觅食。
stopping
1．protection　解析：考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用名词作宾语。
2．more　解析：考查形容词比较级。空后有提示词than，空处应用比较级。
3．its　解析：考查代词。空处应用形容词性物主代词作定语，修饰location and wetlands。
4．an　解析：考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，此处表示泛指。important的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。
5．has focused　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语，根据in the past decade可知，句子时态应用现在完成时；主语Western Jilin为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
6．Located　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语，动词locate和主语the Momoge National Nature Reserve之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式作状语；且单词位于句首，首字母应大写。
7．resources　解析：考查名词复数。resource是可数名词，空处应用复数，作宾语。
8．where　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词habitat，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。
9．with　解析：考查with复合结构。分析句子结构可知，空处应用介词with，构成with复合结构：with＋名词＋doing，作伴随状语。
10．stopping　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语，动词stop与主语white cranes之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式，作后置定语。(共89张PPT)
UNIT 5　HUMANS AND NATURE
[核心单词] comment　　crowded　 shock
escape survive frightened horrible
edge curious equal rescue
trap attempt interrupt death
loss damage measure operation
suffering preparation base anxiously
ambition distant shelter observe
varied scary harmless disappearance
[重点短语]　turn one's back (on sb./sth.), all at once, on the edge of, pick up, in preparation for, break down, have difficulty (in) doing sth., run out of, hold on, be home to, be made up of, as a result, leave...alone
[重点句型]　1.the moment引导时间状语从句
2.the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..
3.完全倒装
4.the＋序数词＋(n.＋) to do
5.have sb./sth. doing sth.
6.until引导时间状语从句
7.with复合结构
[单元语法]　定语从句(2)；后缀
[写作任务]　灾难逃生宣传手册
[Nature]　　　
climate n. 气候
weather n. 天气
danger n. 危险
cold wave 寒潮
reproduce n. 繁殖
hurricane n. 飓风
desert n. 沙漠
snowstorm n. 暴雪
bay n. 湾；海湾
expand v. 扩张；扩展
protect v. 保护
harmonious adj. 和谐的
flood n. 洪水
peace n. 和平；和睦；安宁
sunshine n. 　 阳光
convenience n. 方便；便利
growth n. 成长；增长
residential adj. 适宜居住的
forest n. 森林
affect/influence/impact v. 影响
terrible storm 可怕的风暴
wild animals and plants 野生动植物
[Human activities]
die out 灭亡；消失
at a．..rate 以……速度
tear down 拆掉；拆毁
bring about 带来；引起
pay attention to 注意
cut down trees 砍伐树木
destroy forests 毁坏森林
be concerned about 　　　 关注；担心
have an effect on... 对……产生影响
protect rare animals 保护稀有动物
live in harmony with... 与……和谐相处
take action to do sth. 采取行动做某事
keep ecological balance 　　 保持生态平衡
protect...from... 保护……不受……(危害)
raise the awareness of 提高对……的意识
habitat destruction of animals 动物栖息地的破坏
话题佳句
1.Let's protect the endangered animals and care for the natural environment.
让我们保护濒危动物，爱护自然环境。
2.We must be fully aware of the two sides of nature and protect the natural environment.
我们要充分了解自然的双面性并保护自然环境。
3.It is the responsibility of everybody to protect the nature.　
保护大自然是我们每个人的责任。
Period 1　TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1
精读课文 语篇理解
PART
01
第一部分
√
〈教材助读＋语基默写〉见分册本
What's the main idea of the text
A．It is about a shipwreck which happened three years ago.
B．How the storyteller overcame his fear and struggled to survive from the whirlpool.
C．How to survive on the sea.
D．It's a story about helping each other to survive.
the sea
the whirlpool
hopeless
trees
barrels
observations
a barrel
try and escape
√
1．Why did the boat go towards the whirlpool
A.The storyteller and his elder brother drove it towards the whirlpool to save the storyteller's younger brother.
B．The wind and waves were in that direction.
C．The storyteller and his elder brother wanted to go to safer places.
D．Nothing could save the storyteller and his elder brother.
√
2．Why did the storyteller tie himself to a barrel
A．He did that to save his brother.
B．There was only a barrel in the whirlpool at that moment.
C．Objects like a barrel went down more slowly.
D．His brother told him to do so.
√
3．Why were the storyteller's old friends unable to recognise him
A．Because he was too old to be recognised.
B．Because his hair was white, not black.
C．Because they didn't want to recognise him.
D．Because they didn't know him at all.
4. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．The storyteller made the right decision and he survived.
B．The storyteller was saved by a stranger.
C．When the storyteller was saved, the fishermen recognised him.
D．The fishermen believed the storyteller's story.
√
1．That was the day when it took only six hours to break my body and soul.(Para.1)
[分析]　本句中when引导____________从句，修饰先行词the day；从句使用了“it takes/took (sb.) some time to do sth.”句型，其中it是____________，真正的主语是动词不定式。
[翻译]　_____________________________________________________
定语
形式主语
那天，仅仅六个小时的时间就使我的身心遭受重创。
2．As you can see, the reason why I'm here to tell the story is that I made the right decision.(Para.5)
[分析]　本句为复合句。as引导____________从句；why引导____________从句，修饰the reason；that引导____________从句。
[翻译]　___________________________________________________
_________________
非限制性定语
定语
表语
如你所见，我还能在这里讲述这个故事，就是因为我做了正确的决定。
About three years ago, the storyteller experienced a horrible storm, 1._________ had broken his body and soul. One day, he was coming back from some islands with his two brothers when the sky 2.____________ (cover) with dark clouds.They were in a terrible storm in less than a minute.His 3.____________ (young) brother fell into the sea.He and his elder brother were pushed 4._____ the direction of the whirlpool and went round and round. The storyteller felt sick, as if he was falling from 5._____ mountain top in a dream.
which
was covered
younger
in
a
It may appear strange, but at that moment, when they were on the edge of the whirlpool, he felt 6.___________ (calm) than when they were moving towards it. After a while, he made three important 7.____________ (observe). On the basis of what he had found, he tied 8.____________ (he) to a barrel, which helped him float. Although he tried to make his elder brother understand that he should do the same, his brother was too 9.____________ (frighten) and stayed in the heavy boat. 10.____________ (final), the storyteller was saved.
calmer
observations
himself
frightened
Finally
1．Why does the storyteller focus on describing the power of “Moskoe-strom”？
__________________________________________________________
2．What lessons have you learnt from the story Give your reasons.
____________________________________________________________3．What is the story trying to say about the relationship between humans and nature
____________________________________________________________
答案：Open answers.
自查语基 知能落实
PART
02
第二部分
Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1．drought n.　 　 A．野生动植物，野生生物
2．hurricane n. B．下降，下落
3．wildlife n. C．潮汐的，潮水的
4．float vi. D．旱灾，干旱
5．file n. E．圆管，管子；(伦敦)地铁
6．descent n. F．桶
7．tidal adj. G．档案，卷宗
8．mystery n. H．浮；漂
9．barrel n. I．神秘事物，难以理解的事物
10．tube n. J．飓风
答案：1～5.DJAHG　6～10.BCIFE
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．natural ____________：_____________droughts, hurricanes, landslides... 自然灾害：洪水、干旱、飓风、滑坡……
2．a constructive ____________　 建设性的意见
3．an urban ____________ 城市景观
4．____________pollution 土壤污染
5．tropical ____________ 热带气候
disasters
floods,
comment
landscape
soil
climate
6．the natural ____________ of the planet 这个星球的自然生态
7．walk through the ____________ 在丛林中穿行
8．the ____________ circuit 巡回演讲
9．____________ resources 过度使用资源
10．three ____________ 三百万
11．the ____________of the composition 作文的题目
ecology
jungle
lecture
overuse
million
title
12．a huge ____________ 一个巨浪
13．attempt to ____________ 企图逃脱
14．the depth of her ____________ 她的灵魂深处
15．the horrible ____________ of the whirlpool 可怕的旋涡边缘
16．the ____________of damage 损害程度
wave
escape
soul
edge
extent
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．____________ adj.火山的；由火山作用引起的→volcano n．火山
2．____________n．爆发→erupt vi.爆发，喷发
3．____________adj.拥挤的；挤满人的→crowd n．人群 v．拥挤
4．____________ adj.活的，活着的→live v．生活；活着；居住
volcanic
eruption
crowded
living
5．____________vt.使震惊；使难以置信→shocked adj.震惊的→shocking adj.令人震惊的
6．____________ vi.& vt.活下来；幸存→survival n．幸存→survivor n．幸存者
7．____________ n．诗歌；作诗的艺术→poem n．诗→poet n．诗人→poetess n．女诗人
8．____________ adj.受惊的，害怕的→frighten vt.使害怕→frightening adj.令人害怕的
shock
survive
poetry
frightened
9．____________ adj.可怕的，吓人的，令人恐惧的→horror n．震惊；恐惧；厌恶→horribly adv.可怕地；吓人地；令人恐惧地
10．____________ adj.好奇的→curiosity n．好奇(心)→curiously adv.好奇地
11．____________ n．观察；观察结果→observe vt.观察→observer n．观察者
12．____________adj.相等的；相同的→equally adv.平等地→equality n．平等
horrible
curious
observation
equal
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．Whatever happens, don't ________________ (放弃) courage, strength, and conscious living.
2．We must strengthen our unity _____________ (面对) powerful enemies.
3．My garden ______________ (被……覆盖着) many butterflies and flowers last year.
turn your back on
in the face of
was covered with
4．You must constantly move _________________ (朝着……的方向) that goal.
5．She was an office manager whose company had just moved into the new office park _______________ (在……的边缘) the town.
6．His music is difficult to listen to, but _____________ (过了一会) it starts to grow on you.
in the direction of
on the edge of
after a while
7．It is good to _________________ (对……好奇) the world around you because I think curiosity is the best teacher.
8．He ran into the grocery store and ____________ (拿起) one bottle of water.
become curious about
picked up
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．the moment引导时间状语从句
______________________________ (一听到这个词) I became very frightened.(Para.2)
2．as if引导方式状语从句
I felt sick, _______________________________________ (仿佛我从山顶坠落) in a dream.(Para.3)
The moment I heard the word
as if I was falling from a mountain top
3．“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”意为“越……就越……”
The first, ____________ (越大) the bodies were, ________________ (越快) they fell.(Para.4)
the larger
the more rapidly
创意课堂 点面突破
PART
03
第三部分
comment n.评论；意见
vi.& vt.发表意见；做出评论
【经典例句】
①(人教必修二U3)A troll is a person who posts comments or questions in order to stir up trouble online.　
发挑衅帖子的人是指在网上发表评论或问题以挑起事端的人。
②(外研必修二U5)When I post the picture online, I will make a comment about how bad it is to feed wild crocodiles.
当我把照片上传到网上时，我会对喂食野生鳄鱼的糟糕后果发表评论。
(1)make a comment about/on...
对……发表评论
(2)comment on/upon...
对……进行评论
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)Today, I'd like to focus my ____________ (comment) on the meaningful roles that the elderly can play and should play in our society.
应用文写作之演讲稿
(2)教授没有对汤姆的表演发表评论，只是赞许地点了点头。
The professor didn't __________________________________________
_ ,but gave an approving nod.
读后续写之动作描写
comments
comment on/make a comment on Tom's performance
crowded adj.拥挤的；挤满人的；充满的
【经典例句】 (人教必修二U4)Dave could not find a seat in the room.It was very crowded.
戴夫在房间里找不到座位。那里非常拥挤。
(1)be crowded with　　 挤满；充满
(2)crowd n. 人群；一群人；民众
vt. 挤满；使……拥挤
a crowd of 一大群；许多的
crowds of... 成群的……
crowd into 涌入；挤入
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)Memories of our wonderful childhood suddenly crowded ______ my mind when I saw the old photo album.
(2)The bus we had been waiting for was too ____________ (crowd), so we decided to catch a later one.
into
crowded
(3)每年都有一大群游客涌入北京，那里有许多迷人的名胜古迹，如故宫博物院和长城。
____________________________________every year，where there are many fascinating places of interest，such as the Palace Museum and the Great Wall. 应用文写作之景点介绍
(4)去年国庆节期间黄山上挤满了来自国内外的游客。
Mount Huang __________________________from home and abroad during the National Day last year.
A crowd of tourists crowds into Beijing
was crowded with tourists
shock vt.使震惊；使难以置信　n．震惊
【经典例句】
①(教材P29)The two students were shocked at the lecture on nature.
这两个学生对关于大自然的讲座感到很震惊。
②(外研必修一U5)When I recovered from the shock, I looked at my camera.
当我从震惊中回过神来时，我查看了相机。
(1)in (a state of) shock　 震惊地，吃惊地
with shock 震惊地
to one's shock 令某人震惊的是
be a shock to sb. 使某人震惊
(2)shocked adj. 吃惊的，震惊的
be shocked at/by... 对……感到震惊
be shocked to do sth. 对做某事感到震惊
(3)shocking adj. 令人震惊的
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)Jane was ____________ (shock) to find that she was lost in the forest and she couldn't help crying.
读后续写之心理描写
(2)What I know is that almost 1，000 people lost their lives in the floods last year. It's really ____________ (shock).
shocked
shocking
(3)It was really ____ shock that the match we had been looking forward to was postponed due to the terrible weather.
(4)听到这个消息后，笑容从他的脸上消失，他吃惊地睁大了眼睛。
After he heard the news, the smile disappeared from his face, and __________________________．
读后续写之情绪描写
a
his eyes widened in shock
million n.百万
【经典例句】 His voice echoed through the stadium, carrying the hopes of a million dreamers.
他的声音在体育场回荡，承载着百万梦想家的希望。
(1)当hundred、 thousand、 million以及dozen、 score等以复数形式存在时，表示泛指的数量，其后要加of，但前面不能用表示具体数量的词修饰；
(2)当hundred、 thousand、 million以及dozen、 score等以单数形式存在时，其前常用表示具体数量的词或several、 some、 many、 a few等修饰。
【单句语法填空/补全句子】
(1)____________ (million) of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.
(2)The number of people learning Chinese is over 100 ____________ (million) outside China.
Millions
million
(3)It was reported that _______________________ (几百万人) were starving in this country because of the shortage of food.
(4)______________________________ (世界上有数百万人) are sending information by e-mail every day.
several million people
Millions of people in the world
turn one's back (on sb./sth.) 对……置之不理，对……撒手不管
【经典例句】
①(人教必修二U1)After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959.
(埃及)政府在听取了研究该问题的科学家以及居住在水坝附近的居民的意见后，于1959年向联合国寻求帮助。
②The weather forecast said it would rain, but it turned out to be a sunny day.
天气预报说会下雨，但结果是个晴天。
turn to　　　 向……求助；致力于；开始从事；
翻到(书的某页)；查阅；转向
turn down 调低；拒绝
turn up 调高；出现；露面
turn in 上交；提交
turn out 证明是；结果是；关掉；赶走；
生产；出席
turn over 移交；翻转
turn around 转身；转向
turn on 打开
turn off 关掉
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to be able to turn ______ my parents whenever I need help.
(2)The meeting has already begun, but the chairman hasn't turned ______ yet.
(3)How can we turn our backs ______ people who have no homes, no jobs, no hope
to
up
on
(4)Though we were tired, the trip to farm turned ____________ to be a rewarding and unforgettable experience.
应用文写作之活动感想
(5)(外研必修一U1)我转过身来，看到一位白发苍苍的老人。
______________________ , I saw a white-haired man.
out
Turning around
(6)汤姆上周末拒绝了聚会邀请，因为他太忙了，连一分钟都抽不出来。
Tom _____________________________________last weekend, because he was too busy to spare even a minute.
turned down the invitation to the party
survive vi.生存，存活，活下来　vt.幸存；比……活得长，幸免于；艰难度过
【经典例句】
①(外研必修一U5)The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will survive and keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come.
我们对这种可爱的生物了解得越多，它生存的机会以及在未来很长一段时间内保持它在自然界中的地位的机会就越大。
②For centuries farmers there have only just managed to survive.
几个世纪以来，那儿的农民勉强能维持生存。
(1)survive on... 靠……继续维持生活
survive＋n.(the fire/earthquake/...) 从(火灾/地震/……)中生还
(2)survival n. 幸存
adj. 幸存的，赖以生存的
survivor n.　　　 幸存者
【单句语法填空/语段填空/完成句子】
(1)(人教必修一U4)Everywhere ____________ (survive) looked, there was nothing but ruins. Nearly everything in the city was destroyed.
(2)Though there was little chance of ____________ (survive) in the desert, the tourists ____________ (survive) the bad conditions. It is reported that they survived ____________ the little water and food in the desert.
survivors
survival
survived
on
(3)生活不是要学会如何熬过风暴，而是关于学会在雨中起舞，即使天空灰暗，也要在每一个瞬间找到快乐。
Life isn't about learning __________________________ ; it's about learning to dance in the rain and finding joy in every moment, even when the skies are gray.
读后续写之主旨升华
how to survive the storm
survive意为“从地震、火灾、事故等中幸存下来”时，为及物动词，其后不可接介词from或in。
frightened adj.受惊的，害怕的
【经典例句】 Walking alone in the dark forest at night, she felt extremely frightened.
晚上独自走在黑暗的森林里，她感到非常害怕。
(1)be frightened of (doing) sth.害怕(做)某事
be frightened to do sth. 害怕做某事
(2)fright n. 恐惧，害怕，惊吓
with/in fright 惊恐地(常作状语)
(3)frighten v. 使恐惧，吓唬，恐吓
frightening adj. 令人恐惧的，可怕的
【单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子】
(1)It was a very ____________ experience and upon mentioning it, they still feel ____________ now.(frighten)
读后续写之情感描写
(2)He cried out ____________ (惊恐地) as the dark figure was coming near, his eyes wide with terror.
读后续写之情感描写
frightening
frightened
with/in fright
(3)不要害怕往前走，因为总有一些特别的东西在等着我们。
Don't _____________________________________, for there is always something special waiting for us.
读后续写之主旨升华
be frightened of going ahead/to go ahead
curious adj.好奇的
【经典例句】
①(教材P31)After a while, I became curious about the whirlpool itself.
过了一会儿，我对旋涡本身产生了好奇。
②It's widely believed that being curious about the world is the greatest motivation in learning.
人们普遍认为，对世界感到好奇是学习的最大动力。
(1)be curious about...　　 对……感到好奇
be curious to do sth. 渴望做某事
(2)curiosity n. 好奇心
out of curiosity 出于好奇
with curiosity 好奇地
(3)curiously adv. 好奇地
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)(人教必修一WELCOME UNIT)I'm an active person and I love sports.I'm curious _________everything. 应用文写作之申请信
(2)I am curious _______ (get) the chance to be a volunteer of our school's English Association. 应用文写作之申请信
(3)波比一看到那只小狗就高兴地跳了起来。她低下头好奇地看着它。
Poppy jumped with joy at the sight of the little dog. She __________________________________________________．
读后续写之动作描写
about
to get
lowered her head to watch it curiously/with curiosity
equal adj.相等的；相同的；胜任的　v．等于；比得上，敌得过　n．同等的人；相等的物
【经典例句】
①(教材P31)The second, between two objects of equal extent, round objects fell down more rapidly.　第二，两个同等面积的物体，圆形物体下落得较快。
②(人教必修一U5)Our relationship is close and we're equals, so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us.
我们关系亲密，并且彼此平等，所以我只需要说几个字就能消除我们之间的距离。
【单句语法填空/完成语段】
(1)____________ important is that we should pay attention to ____________ between men and women.(equal)
(2)我推荐汤姆做你的助教。没人在英语口语方面比得上他。另外，他的交流能力无与伦比。总之，我深信他能胜任这个职位。
I recommend Tom to be your teaching assistant. Nobody ___________
________________. Besides，his communication skills ________
_________________________________. All in all，I am greatly convinced that _____________________________________________．
应用文写作之推荐信
Equally
equality
equals him in spoken English
have no equal/are without equal
he can be equal to the position
escape vi.& vt.逃离；逃避；逃脱；被遗忘；被忽视；渗出；泄漏　n．逃跑；逃脱；渗出；泄漏
【经典例句】
①(教材P31) Without waiting, I jumped into the sea to try and escape.
我丝毫没有犹豫，一跃跳进海里，试图逃生。
②(外研必修二U4)This is something that even the highly successful Harry Potter movies can't escape from，with fans of the books disappointed not to see some of their favourite characters in the movie versions.
即使是非常成功的哈利·波特系列电影也无法避免这样的事情，书迷们会因为在电影版本中看不到一些他们最喜欢的角色而感到失望。
(1)escape (doing) sth.　　 逃脱(做)某事
escape from/out of... 从……逃跑；逃走
escape one's attention/notice 逃过某人的注意
(2)have a narrow escape/escape narrowly 九死一生，幸免于难
【单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子】
(1)The manager tried to escape ____________ (take) responsibility for the failed project by blaming others.
(2)Without your help, I wouldn't _______________________________ ______________(幸免于难) from the burning house.
(3)我拿起一把椅子，用尽全身力气朝窗户扔去，从燃烧的房子里逃了出来。
I picked up a chair, threw it at the window with all my strength and _______________________________________．
读后续写之动作描写
taking
have had a narrow escape/escaped narrowly
escaped from/out of the burning house
(4)当我意识到我已忘记了他的名字时，我感到很尴尬，尽管我们之前见过好几次。
I felt embarrassed when I realized ________________________ , even though we had met several times before.
读后续写之心理描写
his name had escaped me
the moment引导时间状语从句
【经典例句】
①(教材P30)The moment I heard the word I became very frightened.
一听到这个词，我就变得万分恐惧。
②(外研必修二U1)The sugar in soft drinks forms acid and attacks our teeth for about 20 minutes each time we drink them.
每次我们喝软饮料的时候，里面的糖会形成酸，并侵蚀我们的牙齿大约20分钟。
(1)名词短语the moment可用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”；
(2)意为“一……就……”的其他名词性短语还有the minute、 the instant、 the second等；
(3)用作连词的其他名词性短语还有each/every time、(the) next/last time、the first/second/...time、the day/week/month/year等。
【补全句子/完成句子】
(1)______________________________________________ (每次我陷入困境向他求助时), he will do everything in his power to help me out. 应用文写作之人物介绍
(2)_____________________________ (下次你来参观我们的城市时), you must call me ahead of schedule so that I can make some necessary arrangements.
Each/Every time I get into trouble and turn to him
The next time you visit our city
(3)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)我一下飞机，就发疯似的穿过机场大楼，毫不犹豫地跳上了排队等候的第一辆出租车。
________________________________________________ , I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought.
读后续写之动作描写
The moment/minute/instant/second I got off the plane
“the＋比较级．.., the＋比较级．..”意为“越……就越……”
【经典例句】
①(教材P31)The first, the larger the bodies were, the more rapidly they fell.
第一，物体越大，下落速度就越快。
②The better the quality of our products, the more competitive we'll be in the market.
我们产品的质量越好，我们在市场上就越有竞争力。
(1)“the＋比较级．.., the＋比较级．..”句型中的两个the的后面都必须跟形容词或副词的比较级形式；
(2)“比较级＋and＋比较级”意为“越来越……”，与这类结构搭配的常用动词有grow、get、become等。
【单句语法填空/完成句子/句型转换】
(1)The more careful you are, the ____________ (few) mistakes you will make.
(2)This is important because the __________ (much) you speak English, the better your English will become.
fewer
more
(3)简在森林里走得越远，她越紧张和焦虑。
The further Jane went in the forest, ______________________________
___________________________________________．
读后续写之心理描写
(4)If we study harder, we will make greater progress.
→__________________________________________________________
the more nervous and anxious she became
The harder we study, the greater progress we will make.
课堂微练 即时检验
PART
04
第四部分
Ⅰ.品句填词
1．In my opinion, it's impolite to make a ____________ (评论) on others' appearance and family.
2．My father's insect collections made me ____________ (好奇的) about how wild animals live in the natural world.
3．We said goodbye to him and he gave us a ____________ (挥手) as the bus drove off.
4．In order to avoid the c______ ,many people like to visit less famous tourist spots.
5．We all have ____________ (相同的) chances of working and living in this country.
comment
curious
wave
rowds
equal
6．The child felt ____________ (害怕的) when he saw the big fire.
7．(译林必修一U3)When we seek to be alone, we must be careful that we do not always ____________ (逃脱) into our own world.
8．If people keep polluting the ocean, no creature will s____________ in the long run.
9．The ____________ (程度) of the damage was unclear at the time of the accident.
10．It came as a ____________ (令人震惊的事) to hear that all the fish died overnight for lack of oxygen.
frightened
escape
urvive
extent
shock
Ⅱ.词块运用
1．I'd like to _______________________ (对……发表评论) the movie we watched last night.
2．I was very drunk and I did not want to shut my eyes because the room would ________________________ (转来转去).
3．It looked as if she had just ____________________ (从……回来) outer space.
4．The child ____________ (陷入) the river and luckily was saved by a passerby.
make a comment about/on
go round and round
come back from
fell into
5．After he left university, he became a teacher, but later ____________ (开始从事) journalism.
6．Uncle Paul, my dad's friend, ____________ (接我们) from the airport and drove us to his farm.
7．Perhaps you have great intentions, but they break _______________ (面对) reality.
turned to
picked us up
in the face of
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示并使用本部分句式结构完成下面的小短文
1．________________________________ (当我们踏入大自然的那一刻；the moment引导时间状语从句), we are amazed by its beauty. We feel unbelievable about everything in front of us, 2.____________ _____________________________________(仿佛我们与宇宙融为一体；as if引导方式状语从句). 3.___________________________________ _____________________(我们越欣赏它的美丽，我们越尊重；the＋比较级，the＋比较级) its laws of life growth. Nature is a mirror that reflects our inner world, reminding us that 4.______________________ _______________________________________________________________________(我们越重视和保护它，我们的世界就会变得越美丽、越持续；the＋比较级，the＋比较级).
The moment we step into nature
as if we are one with the universe
The more we appreciate its beauty, the more we respect
the more we value and protect it, the more beautiful and sustainable our world will become(共44张PPT)
课后巩固 多维提能
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Climate change is speeding up the frequency and seriousness of extreme (极端的) weather events in places like the Horn of Africa, where deadly floods and the worst drought hit in decades. Besides, traditional weather forecast (预报) models in sub-Saharan Africa often aren't dependable enough to forecast extreme weather events accurately (准确地) ahead of time, leaving the areas at risk. Based on the facts, accurate and timely forecasts are important to safeguard lives and livelihoods.
Climate scientists are building artificial intelligence (AI) into the traditional weather forecasting method in East Africa to improve the accuracy of extreme weather forecasts. By using both physical atmospheric processes in traditional forecasting and AI, researchers develop a first-of-its-kind new modeling approach to give more accurate rainfall forecasts.“We start from the traditional forecasts and add the AI model over it to make up for what the traditional forecasts have missed, so that the final forecast results can more accurately match the data that has actually been observed，” explains Shruti Nath, a climate scientist and researcher at the University of Oxford Department of Physics.
According to Shruti Nath, this model, which only requires a notebook computer to run, without the need for expensive supercomputers, gives local meteorological (气象的) organisations an affordable way of making more accurate forecasts in an area where there is a shortage of accurate observational data. The researchers say the project could change early warning systems in East Africa, making the area get better prepared for the extreme weather caused by climate change.
Traditionally, many forecasting organisations in Africa had not good computational resources. The project is supported by an IT company, which provides funding and computational resources. This approach gives them the ability to use AI to make forecasting at the least computational expense.
The model is currently being rolled out in Kenya and Ethiopia. If it is successful in East Africa, researchers hope to use it in other parts of the world facing similar challenges. More countries are trying to spread the technology as well as build local ownership and trust.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了气候变化导致极端天气增加，气候科学家结合人工智能开发出一种新的建模方法来提高预报准确性。
√
1．What does the author want to stress in the first paragraph
A．The necessity of using the new weather forecast model.
B．The great climate changes caused by human activities.
C．The seriousness of the flood and drought in Africa.
D．Little progress has been made in weather forecasts.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容可推知，作者在第一段想强调使用新天气预报模型的必要性。
√
2．How does the new weather forecast model work
A．It needs much less observational data.
B．It uses supercomputers to process data.
C．It combines AI with the traditional method.
D．It depends on AI instead of the former way.　
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“By using both physical atmospheric processes...give more accurate rainfall forecasts.”可知，新的天气预报模型将人工智能与传统方法相结合。
√
3．What can we say about the new weather forecast model
A．It runs easily.
B．It is low-cost.
C．It doesn't work as wished.
D．It is geographically limited.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“According to Shruti Nath...there is a shortage of accurate observational data.”可知，新的天气预报模型成本低。
√
4．What can be the most suitable title for the passage
A．Climate Change and Its Effects on Africa
B．Uncertainty of Weather Forecast with AI
C．AI Helping Improve Weather Forecast in Sub-Saharan Africa
D．The Challenges Faced by Traditional Weather Forecast Model
解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中的“Climate scientists are building artificial intelligence...the accuracy of extreme weather forecasts.”可知，文章讲述了在撒哈拉以南的非洲，气候科学家将人工智能融入传统天气预报方法中，以提高极端天气预报的准确性，C项最适合作文章标题。
B
(2025·中国人民大学附中高一期中)In a natural disaster—a hurricane, a flood, a volcanic eruption, or other catastrophes—minutes and even seconds of warning can make the difference between life and death. Because of this, scientists are working to use the latest technological advances to predict when and where disasters will happen. They are also studying how best to analyze and communicate this information once it is obtained.
On September 29，1998, Hurricane Georges made landfall in Biloxi, Mississippi, after damaging Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, and several islands of the Caribbean badly with heavy rains and winds up to 160 km per hour. Few people lost their lives along the Gulf Coast of the United States, although hundreds died in the Caribbean. This was a very different result from 1900, when a powerful Gulf Coast hurricane made an unexpected direct hit on Galveston, Texas, killing at least 6，000 people. Vastly improved hurricane warnings explained the different circumstances at the end of the 20th century—residents of Galveston had no advance warning that a storm was approaching, while residents of Biloxi had been warned days in advance, allowing for extensive safety precautions (预防).
At the same time when people in Biloxi were thankful for the advance warning, some residents of New Orleans, Louisiana were less satisfied. A day before Georges made landfall, forecasters were predicting that the hurricane had a good chance of striking New Orleans.Emergency management officials must begin evacuation (疏散) well before it strikes. But evacuation costs money. The mayor of New Orleans estimated that his city's preparations for Georges cost more than $50 million. After Georges missed New Orleans, some residents questioned the value of the hurricane forecasts in the face of such high costs.
The different views on the early warnings of Hurricane Georges show some of the complexity (复杂性) related to predicting disasters. Disaster prediction is a process of providing scientific information for the government officials and other decision-makers who must respond to those predictions.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了灾害预测的重要性和不确定性，灾害预测是为了挽救人们的生命，但目前技术还有局限。
√
5．What is the purpose of disaster prediction according to the passage
A．To find out the cause of disasters.
B．To save people's lives.
C．To prevent natural disasters from happening.
D.To apply advanced technology to disaster prediction.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“In a natural disaster—a hurricane...where disasters will happen.”可知，灾害预测的目的是挽救人们的生命。
√
6．In which area did a hurricane cause the most deaths
A．Puerto Rico.　　 B．New Orleans.
C．Biloxi. D．Galveston.
解析：细节理解题。通读第二、第三段内容并结合选项可知，加尔维斯顿的死亡人数最多。
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7．Why were the city residents of New Orleans unsatisfied
A．Because their preparations were made in vain.
B．Because the hurricane warning arrived rather late.
C．Because the forecast hurricane did not hit the city.
D．Because they suffered from a heavy hurricane attack.　
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，天气预报员说飓风很可能会袭击新奥尔良，因此新奥尔良市花费很多钱预防和疏散，但飓风乔治斯并没有在新奥尔良登陆，因而居民们因自己所做的徒劳准备而不满。
√
8．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．The different ways of disaster prediction.
B．Technological advances in disaster prediction.
C.The benefits and preparations of disaster prediction.
D.The importance and uncertainty of disaster prediction.
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一、二段介绍灾害预测可以拯救人们的生命，第三段介绍灾害预测有时会有不确定性，第四段介绍灾害预测非常复杂，因此文章主要介绍了灾害预测的重要性和不确定性。
C
(2025·河南多校高一期中联考)For decades，climate scientists have named hurricanes and ranked them according to the damage.“Naming and categorizing(把……归类) heat waves is also a must，” states a newly formed international union，called the Extreme Heat Resilience Alliance. “Hurricanes get attention because they cause obvious physical damage，” says Jennifer Marlon，a climate scientist at Yale University.Heat waves, however, have less evident effects，since the primary damage is to human health.
Heat waves kill more people in the United States than any other weather-related disaster. Data from the National Weather Service show that from 1986 to 2019, there were 4，257 deaths as a result of heat.By comparison，there were fewer deaths by floods(2，907)，tornadoes(2，203) or hurricanes(1，405) over the same period.What's more, climate change is increasing the possibility of high temperature events worldwide，getting tens of thousands of people dying each year because of heat.
Some populations are particularly easily harmed by high heat，including people over 65 and those with potential medical conditions.Historical racial discrimination also puts minority communities at higher risk.Due to housing policies，they are more likely to live in urban areas, heat islands which lack green spaces that help cool down neighborhoods.
Part of the naming and ranking process will include defining exactly what a heat wave is.No single definition currently exists.Without a universally accepted definition of a heat wave，“We don't have a common understanding of the danger we face，” says Aaron Bernstein，an expert of the new group.“Defined categories for heat waves could help local officials better prepare to deal with potential health problems in the face of rising temperatures.And naming and categorizing heat waves could increase public awareness of the health risks caused by these silent killers.”
The union is having conversations with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration，the World Meteorological Organization and other institutions to develop a standard naming and ranking practice.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了有关组织和科学家表示热浪应该像飓风一样被命名，并介绍了热浪所带来的危害以及对热浪进行命名和分类会带来的好处。
√
9．What do we know about the heat wave in America
A．It causes most serious physical damage.
B．It has got more attention in recent years.
C.It kills more people than other natural disasters.
D．It is the biggest killer among weather-related disasters.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Heat waves kill more people in the United States than any other weather-related disaster.”可知，在美国，热浪是与天气有关的灾害中最大的杀手。
√
10．Why are minority populations easily harmed by heat waves
A．They live in poorly-built houses.
B．They lack good medical resources.
C．They have less access to green spaces.
D．They are limited in their movements.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Historical racial discrimination also...cool down neighborhoods.”可知，少数族群容易受到热浪的伤害是因为他们缺乏有助于降温的绿色空间。
√
11．What is the author's attitude towards the expert mentioned in paragraph 4
A．Supportive.
B．Negative.
C．Conservative (保守的).
D．Objective.
解析：观点态度题。根据第四段内容可知，作者认为应该对热浪进行命名和排名，所以对专家的态度是支持的。
√
12．What does the passage intend to tell us about heat waves
A．They also kill lives like hurricanes.
B．They should have names like hurricanes.
C．Climate change is affecting them greatly.
D．Measures should be taken to prevent them.
解析：写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段第二句可知，文章说明了有组织和科学家表示热浪应该像飓风一样被命名以及热浪所带来的危害和对热浪进行命名和分类会带来的好处。因此，这篇文章想告诉我们热浪应该像飓风一样有名字。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·重庆高一检测)The thought of a natural disaster can be frightening, but preparing for the most likely disasters, such as tornadoes, hurricanes, floods, fires and winter storms, is necessary. 1.___________________________________________________________ You can develop an emergency plan for your family in case of a natural disaster, including household information, out-of-town contacts and school, workplace, and childcare contact information and emergency first aid. Add your evacuation routes and shelter plans as well.
D．You may not know what kind of disaster is about to strike.
1．D　解析：上文说明为最可能发生的灾难做好准备是必要的。D项承接上文， 说明自然灾害是无常的， 人们可能不知道将会遇到什么样的灾难，符合语境。
More importantly, you have to monitor potential disasters. 2._________________________________________________________ Watch news and weather reports in your region so that you can be aware of potential disasters in the area. You can also download apps for your smart phone that will warn you of potential disasters near your location.
E.To achieve this, firstly, identify potential threatening situations.
2. E　解析：上文说明监测潜在灾难的重要性。E项承接上文，且E项中的potential threatening situations和上文中的potential disasters相呼应。
3．_____________________________________________________ If your family is at risk for exposure to a natural disaster, explain to them what's happening. Review your emergency preparedness plan so that everyone knows what to do in the event of a disaster.
C．Secondly, prepare family members for what may happen.
3．C　解析：下文建议要让家人对灾难都有所准备。C项概括本段大意， 说明要让家人有所准备。
Thirdly, track the progress of forthcoming disasters. Check back with your news station frequently so that you'll be aware of changes in weather or conditions that could alter the course of a disaster. 4._______________________________________________________________________________________ In this way, you'll be well informed of what's happening.
G．Sign up to receive alerts or updates from your local government or weather service.
4．G　解析：下文说明这种方法能清楚将来会发生什么事。G项符合语境，且下文中的this way指代选项中所提供的方法。
Finally, evacuate before disaster strikes, if possible. If danger is coming in your area, evacuate before it strikes. 5._________________ ________________________________________________________So be sure to follow their instructions. If you aren't able to evacuate, shelter in place until it's safe to leave the area.
F．Your local authority may order evacuations if a natural disaster is coming.
5．F　解析：下文“So be sure to follow their instructions.”说明要听从指挥。F项和下文存在因果关系，且下文中的代词their指代选项中Your local authority。
A．For instance, creating a plan is a good idea.
B．Make a contact card for each member of the family.
C．Secondly, prepare family members for what may happen.
D．You may not know what kind of disaster is about to strike.
E.To achieve this, firstly, identify potential threatening situations.
F．Your local authority may order evacuations if a natural disaster is coming.
G．Sign up to receive alerts or updates from your local government or weather service.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章建议家庭应该制订一个应急计划， 以防发生自然灾害。
Ⅲ.语法填空
A sand storm often takes place in the northern China, 1.____________ is a kind of natural disaster. China usually experiences this kind of weather between February and May, while March and April see the most frequent and the 2.____________ (strong) sand storms. It becomes a very important environmental problem. It does lots of harm 3.____________ the society as well as the environment.Firstly, the strong wind destroys soil and plant cover by 4.____________ (bury)fields with sand and dust. Secondly, by leaving too much dust in the air, it will 5.____________ (serious) pollute the air.
which
strongest
to
burying
seriously
Thirdly, a sand storm will have 6.____ bad effect on transportation. The dust in the air makes traffic and aircraft movements more difficult. And when the sand buries the roads, the traffic will 7.____________ (block). When plants in the farmland are buried, food supply will lose.
a
be blocked
Sand storms are another 8.____________ (punish) nature gives to mankind. We should not only take effective measures 9.____________ (stop) them, but also draw some 10.____________ (lesson) from them. We should not develop the economy at the cost of the natural environment.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了沙尘暴造成的危害，告诫我们不应该以牺牲环境为代价发展经济。
punishment
to stop
lessons
1．which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，指物，应用which。
2．strongest　解析：考查形容词最高级。 分析句子结构可知，and连接并列成分；根据上文中的the most frequent可知，空处应用形容词最高级形式。
3．to　解析：考查固定搭配。do harm to sth.为固定搭配，意为“对某事物造成损害”。
4．burying　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，介词by后应用动名词形式。
5．seriously　解析：考查副词。 分析句子结构可知，空处应用副词作状语修饰动词pollute。
6．a　解析：考查冠词。“have a bad effect on...”为固定搭配，意为“对……产生不良影响”。
7．be blocked　解析：考查被动语态。根据语境可知，block与主语traffic之间为被动关系，空处应用被动语态，且空前有will，应填be blocked。
8．punishment　解析：考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用名词作表语。
9．to stop　解析：考查非谓语动词。take measures to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“采取措施做某事” 。
10．lessons　解析：考查名词复数。draw lessons from sb.为固定搭配，意为“从某人身上吸取教训”。

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