资源简介

(共35张PPT)
Period 2　GRAMMAR
动词-ing和动词-ed形式
要以详析 探究语法
PART
01
第一部分
一、分词的基本形式

(1)(教材P31)But just think of all the millions of people saying to themselves：“It doesn't matter.It's just me.And, anyway, no one knows.”
但试想要是数百万人都对自己说：“没关系。只有我一个。而且，不管怎样，没人会知道。”
(2)(教材P32)Roots & Shoots is an institute established in the early 1990s by Dr.Jane Goodall.
“根与芽”是一个于20世纪90年代初由珍·古道尔博士创立的机构。
(3)Being talked to, you should look into the eyes of the person.
有人和你说话时，你应该看着那个人的眼睛。
(4)(人教必修三U3)It has a long and famous history, with the author Robert Louis Stevenson having spent much time writing there.
它历史悠久，声名远扬，作家罗伯特·路易斯·史蒂文森曾长居于此进行创作。
(5)Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistakes.
他已被告知很多次了，但他仍然犯同样的错误。
1．现在分词的形式
(1)时态和语态
动词-ing形式 主动式 被动式
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
(2)动词-ing 形式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后；动词-ing形式的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
2．过去分词的形式
过去分词只有一种形式，即done，它表示一个被动的或已完成的动作。
二、分词的句法功能
1．分词作定语

(1)(教材P31)Do you want to be a part of a community for a shared future
你想成为命运共同体的一员吗？
(2)(外研必修三U2)In Uganda, Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes.
在乌干达，瑞安终于亲眼看到了那口打好的井。
(3)(译林选必二U3)Sometimes the needles are pushed into points near the body part affected by a disease, and sometimes into points that are not so close to it.
有时把针放在身体受疾病影响的部位附近的穴位，有时放在病灶不太近的穴位。
(4)(外研必修二U5)Over time, this could make her a danger to people living in the area.
随着时间的推移，这可能让她成为生活在该地区的人们的一种威胁。
(5)He received a heavy blow on the head from a falling stone.
一块落下的石头重重地打在他的头上。
动词-ing形式作定语时，它和被修饰词之间是逻辑上的主动关系，表示所修饰词进行的动作(动词-ing形式的完成式一般不作定语)；动词-ed形式作定语时，它和被修饰词之间是逻辑上的被动关系。分词作定语时相当于一个定语从句。
(1)有些动词-ed形式尤其是不及物动词的动词-ed形式，不表示被动，而表示完成，如：
boiled water＝water that has boiled开(过的)水
a developed country＝a country which has developed 发达国家
(2)有些动词-ed形式仅表示被动而无完成意义
*He is a respected teacher.
他是一位受人尊敬的老师。
(3)分词作定语的位置
单个分词作定语时通常前置(也有后置的情况)；分词短语作定语时通常后置，可转化为定语从句。作前置定语的动词-ing形式多数已经形容词化。
*A barking dog seldom bites.
吠犬不咬人。
*Will the people sitting at the back(＝who/that are sitting at the back) keep quiet, please
坐在后面的人请保持安静，好吗？
(4)英语中有些分词已经形容词化。形容词化的动词-ing形式表示“令人……的；使人……的”；形容词化的动词-ed形式表示“感到……的”。
*I'm writing to tell you my exciting plan for the summer holiday.
我写信是为了告诉你我的令人兴奋的暑假计划。
*She looked at him with an excited expression.
她面带激动的表情望着他。
2．分词作状语

(1)(教材P33)Inspired by her example, he began to work harder.
受她榜样的鼓舞，他开始更努力地工作。
(2)(外研必修三U1)Approached in this way，your friendship will soon be repaired.
以这种方式处理的话，你们的友谊很快就能修复。
(3)(人教必修一U2)Each statue has a different face, leading researchers to believe that each one is a copy of a real soldier.
每座雕像的面部特征各异，这使研究人员相信每座雕像都是一名真实士兵的复制品。
(4)(人教必修二U2)Watching them move slowly across the green grass, I'm struck by their beauty.
当看着它们缓缓穿过绿色的草地时，我被其美丽所震撼。
(5)Surrounded by a group of pupils, the teacher walked into the classroom.
在一群学生的簇拥下，这位老师走进了教室。
(1)分词作状语时可以表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、方式和伴随状况。作结果状语时，可以转换为非限制性定语从句或并列分句；作方式状语和伴随状语时，可以转换为并列分句；作其他状语时，可以转换为相应的状语从句。
(2)一般情况下，作状语的分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。若分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，则用动词-ing形式作状语；若分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，则用动词-ed形式作状语。
(1)有时分词可以与连词连用，可看作状语从句的省略。常见的连词有while、when、once、if、though、although、 even if、 even though、 unless、 than、 as等。
*Even if invited, I won't attend the evening party.
即使被邀请，我也不会去参加那个晚会。
*While waiting for the bus, he met Mary.
等公共汽车时，他遇到了玛丽。
(2)某些动词的动词-ed形式(短语)已经形容词化，这些动词-ed形式(短语)作状语时，既不表示被动，也不表示完成，而表示一种状态，如lost(迷路的)、 seated(坐着的)、 hidden(隐藏的)、 lost/absorbed in(沉溺于)、 dressed in(穿……的)、 tired of(对……感到厌倦的)等。
*Absorbed in the book, he didn't notice me enter the room.
他全神贯注地看书，没有注意到我进了房间。
(3)分词作状语时，在少数情况下，其逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致， 分词用来修饰全句。如considering(鉴于、考虑到)、 generally speaking(一般说来)、 judging from/by...(从……来看、依据……来判断)、supposing that...(假定……)、owing to...(由于……)、speaking of...(谈及……)、providing/provided that...(假定……)、given...(考虑到……)等。
*Judging from her accent, she must come from Fujian Province.
从她的口音判断，她肯定来自福建省。
*Given her interest in children, teaching seems the right job for her.
考虑到她喜欢孩子，教书看起来是适合她的工作。
3．分词作宾语补足语

(1)(教材P31)Well, say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth.
比方说，你刷牙的时候让水龙头一直流水。
(2)(外研必修二U6)Benchley saw sharks being killed and this caused a deep change in him.
本奇利看到鲨鱼被杀，这让他产生了深刻的转变。
(3)(译林必修一U1)In time you will find yourself growing into a well-rounded individual.
随着时间的推移，你会发现自己成长为一个全面发展的人。
(4)(2022·全国甲卷)With the efforts made by both sides, we began to understand each other better.
在双方的努力下，我们开始更好地了解对方。
(5)Many towns and villages had their water supply cut off because there was no electricity.
因为没有了电，许多城镇和村庄的水供应被切断。
(1)分词作宾语补足语时，动词-ing形式表示正在进行的主动意义，宾语是动词-ing形式所表示动作的执行者；动词-ed形式则表示已经完成的被动意义，宾语是动词-ed形式所表示动作的承受者。
(2)分词作宾语补足语时常用于以下两种情况：
①位于感官动词后，如see、 hear、 smell、 watch、 find、 notice等。
②位于使役动词后，如make、 have、 get、 keep、 leave等。
make后的宾语补足语不能用现在分词。
4．分词作表语

(1)All of us were moved to tears at the sorrowful story.
听到那个悲伤的故事，我们都感动地流下了眼泪。
(2)(人教必修一U1)I'm a bit worried about keeping up with the other students in my advanced course, and it'll be quite difficult to get used to all the homework.
我有点担心在高级课程上无法跟上其他同学，而且很难适应所有的家庭作业。
(3)(外研必修二U4)It was so dazzling and energetic that I wasn't sure if the characters were performers or athletes!
它是如此令人眼花缭乱且充满活力，以至我不确定这些角色是演员还是运动员！
(4)This book is more interesting than any that I've read.
这本书比我读过的任何一本都有趣。
分词作表语多位于系动词之后，这些系动词有be、remain、feel、stay、seem、look、become等。动词-ing形式作表语，往往具有形容词的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等；动词-ed形式作表语，多表示主语所处的状态或所具备的特征。
课堂微练 即时检验
PART
02
第二部分
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．They make great gifts and you see them many times ___________(decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
2．They were ______________ to hear the ______________ sound.(frighten)
3．Most of the people ______________(invite) to the party were famous scientists.
4．______________(see) those pictures，she remembered her childhood near the ocean.
decorated
frightened
frightening
invited
Seeing
5．It was ______________(surprise) that the shy girl stood up and answered the question in a firm voice.
6．It's ______________(amaze) that no one else has applied for the job.
7．They were so ______________(worry) about their son's safety that they stayed awake all night.
8．______________(complete) in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world.
9．__________(live) in China for years, he can speak Chinese well now.
10．When I was on my way to school this morning, I saw two women ___________(argue).
surprising
amazing
worried
Completed
Having lived
arguing
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．All the windows that were broken have been repaired by the workers.
→______________________ have been repaired by the workers.
2．Over the past ten months, I have been working deep into the night.Therefore, I believe I can succeed and enter an ideal college.
→______________________________________________, I believe I can succeed and enter an ideal college.
All the broken windows
Having been working deep into the night for ten months
3．The sun shines brightly in the sky, and gives us light and heat.
→The sun shines brightly in the sky, __________________________ ．
4．The man who is speaking to the teacher is our monitor's father.
→The man ____________________________ is our monitor's father.
5．The witness who was questioned by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight.
→The witness ____________________________ gave very different descriptions of the fight.
giving us light and heat
speaking to the teacher
questioned by the police just now(共55张PPT)
Period 2　课后巩固 多维提能
[过基础　知识巩固]
维度一　单句语法填空
1．At the sight of the __________ scene, all the people present were __________．(move)
2．__________(see) from space, our earth looks more beautiful.
3．__________(offer) a chance to go to the museum, the students were very happy.
moving
moved
Seen
Offered
4．It was ____________(surprise) that no one had warned them of the danger before they started.
5．____________________(finish) his homework, the boy was allowed to watch TV plays.
6．____________________(ask) to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.
7．Technological innovations, __________(combine) with good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.
surprising
Having finished
Having been asked
combined
8．They no longer looked confident.On their faces was a __________(frighten) expression.
9．We saw the teacher __________(do) the experiment.
10．Don't have your guest __________(stand) there and ask him to sit down.
11．The lady returned home, __________(follow) by two policemen.
12．Later，they learned to work with the seasons, planting at the right time and, in dry areas, __________(make) use of annual floods to irrigate (灌溉) their fields.
frightened
doing
standing
followed
making
13．Nervously __________(face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”．
14．I borrowed a book __________(write) by Mark Twain from the library.
15．Newspapers, magazines and radios as well as television broadcasts can keep us ___________(inform) about the latest news around the world.
16．But that's how nature is—always leaving us ___________(astonish).
facing
written
informed
astonished
17．The bookstore，___________(open) last year, is very popular among the students in this school.
18．He likes eating ___________(fry) tomatoes with eggs best, and he learned how to cook last year.
19．They represent the earth ___________(come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
20．When we got a call ___________(say) she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke.
opened
fried
coming
saying
21．The building ___________(build) now will be our dining hall.
22．I heard the English song ___________(sing) many times.
23．She still couldn't make herself ___________(understand) in English.
24．All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, ___________(say) that I had a talent for football.
25．___________(judge) from the appearance, it is very peaceful; but in fact, a war will break out soon.
being built
sung
understood
saying
Judging
维度二　语法与写作
1．所有参与这起全球案件的人都必须出席。
All the people ________________________ must be present.
2．在我需要帮助的时候，朋友们对我的善意让我深受感动。
_________________________________________ by my friends when I was in need of help.
3．他每天都很晚到学校，这让他的老师很生气。
He arrives at school very late every day, __________________________．
involved in this global case
I was deeply moved by the kindness shown to me
making his teacher very angry
4．在标牌立起来几天后，他发现人们坐在那儿进行着积极愉快的谈话。
Just a few days after the signs were set up, he _______________________ and engaging in active and joyful conversations.
5．他们毁坏了许多属于当地渔民的设备。
They have destroyed a lot of equipment ____________________________．
found people sitting there
belonging to the local fishermen
维度三　语篇填空
The white-haired man 1. ____________(ride) an ordinary bicycle was a famous photographer 2. ____________(name) Bill Cunningham. 3. ____________(devote) to photography, he put hours of hard work into his work.He would even stay outside in a storm, 4. ____________(take) photos. He never accepted the benefits 5. ____________(offer) to him for being a photographer. This lack of self-
riding
named
Devoted
taking
offered
interest kept him 6. ____________(focus) on his skill, 7. ____________(enable) him to become a special photographer. 8. ____________(move) by his story, I am 9. ____________(determine) to become a successful man like him. I think doing what one loves is the key to success, so I will be very 10. ____________(excite) to stick to my hobby.
focused
enabling
Moved
determined
excited
[过能力　综合提升]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·海门中学月考)William Lindesay, a famous Great Wall expert and conservationist, and his wife Wu Qi have traveled the globe by the back paths, providing their sons with a unique growing environment. Sun hats, backpacks and sneakers (运动鞋)—these are the day-to-day must-haves for the family.
Most of their trips seem far from relaxing—cultural study in the hot and dry desert, a 53-kilometer hiking tour of New Zealand, a one-day climb to three English mountaintops and a six-day train ride from Beijing to Moscow.
Many assume the family must be wealthy and can afford their global travel, but they are not. Lindesay says they just choose to spend money on travel and eschew pricey hotels and restaurants where possible. Lindesay mentions the trip to Moscow as an example. Instead of taking a taxi from the railway station to the hotel, they took the subway. “We crossed the city for saving money, communicated with local people, and saw they are people just like us, everywhere. We arrived at our destination feeling comfortable.”
However, their journeys, which can last weeks or months, have sometimes been inconsistent with their children's schooling. Wu remembers once Lindesay let their elder son ask for leave so that they could go to New York for a 45-day lecture tour. Therefore the son missed his final exam. Things like that bother the family all the time.
Lindesay attaches great importance to learning out of the classroom, saying that children might score well on school tests, but traveling outside, in distant lands with different languages, cultures, and political structures, is the real test. “You can only get streetwise on the street. You can only get worldly-wise when seeing the world，” he says.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了著名长城专家、自然资源保护主义者威廉·林赛和他的妻子吴琪通过环游世界，为他们的儿子提供了一个独特的成长环境。
1．How can we describe the Lindesays' trips？(　　)
A．Pleasant. B．Conventional.
C．Challenging. D．Dangerous.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可推知，林赛一家的旅行具有挑战性。
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2．What does the underlined word “eschew” in paragraph 3 mean？(　　)
A．Visit. B．Avoid.
C．Compare. D．Evaluate.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Many assume the family...where possible.”可知，林赛一家并不是很富有，他们应该是尽可能避开昂贵的酒店和餐馆。因此，eschew意为“避开”。
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3．What problem does the family meet when traveling？(　　)
A．They have scheduling conflicts.
B．They suffer from a tight budget.
C．They are faced with language barriers.
D．They hold different educational ideas.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推知，林赛一家的旅行会和孩子的学习安排不一致。
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4．Which statement may Lindesay agree with according to the passage？(　　)
A．Toughness is the best assistant of will.
B．Man who travels far knows more.
C．Actions speak louder than words.
D．There is no royal road to learning.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，在林赛看来，远行能让人更有智慧。
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B
(2025·河南多校高一期中联考)School is still out for the summer, but at Eastern Senior High School in Washington D．C., students are hard at work outdoors. In a garden filled with flowers and beds bursting with vegetables and herbs, nearly a dozen teenagers are harvesting (收获) vegetables for the weekend's farmers market.
Roshawn Little is going into her junior year at Eastern, and has been working in this garden for three years now. During the summer, Little gets paid to work Tuesday through Saturday from 9 a.m. until 2 p.m. with City Blossoms, a nonprofit that brings community gardens to schools in urban areas. She believes that working in the garden has taught her to try all sorts of new things, like eating different kinds of vegetables more often. And she's taken those healthy behaviours home with her and her eating habits have encouraged her family to buy more fruits and vegetables.
City Blossoms is one of many groups across the country teaming up with local communities to build school gardens, like the one at Eastern. It works with schools to create learning gardens and trains teachers on how to use them to get students engaged (使参与) and improve academic performance. These gardens are really outdoor classrooms. For example, the gardens can be used for math lessons, like calculating the area of a plant bed or learning the science of how plants grow.
For the students, the experience can be a nutritional eye-opener, which has totally changed their views on where food comes from, and what it takes to produce food. Partner schools have also seen a 12 to 15 percent increase in the number of students passing standardized tests and 94 percent of teachers reported seeing increased engagement from their students, according to an independent evaluation (评价) conducted by PEER Associates.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了华盛顿特区东部高级中学的学生们在暑假期间参与学校花园的工作，以及与“城市之花”非营利组织合作，将社区花园带到城市学校的情况。
5．What does Roshawn Little think of the summer outdoor activity？(　　)
A．It is a good way to earn pocket money.
B．It has improved her family relationship.
C．It contributes to her healthy eating habit.
D．It is helpful to her academic performance.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“She believes that working in the garden...buy more fruits and vegetables.”可知，罗肖恩·利特尔认为夏季户外活动有助于她养成健康的饮食习惯。
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6．What is the purpose of the school gardens？(　　)
A．To invite students to care for plants.
B．To advance teachers' teaching skills.
C．To get students interested in science.
D．To provide a creative way of learning.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，学校花园的目的是提供创造性的学习方式。
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7．What does the last paragraph focus on about the project of City Blossoms？(　　)
A．Its evaluations. B．Its effects.
C．Its operations. D．Its expectations.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，最后一段主要介绍了“城市之花”项目的影响。
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8．What can be a suitable title for the passage？(　　)
A.City Blossoms: Team up with Local Community Teachers
B.Happy Holiday, Sweet Memory: How Kids Enjoy the Harvest
C.Outdoor Classrooms: Get out for the Weekend's Farmers Market
D.Healthy Eaters, Smart Minds: What School Gardens Teach Kids
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解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第二段以及最后一段内容可知，“城市之花”是与当地社区合作建设学校花园的众多组织之一，它与学校合作创建学习园地，培训教师如何利用这些园地让学生参与进来、提高学业水平，并且教孩子们健康饮食，所以D项最适合作文章标题。
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C
As AI becomes popular，researchers have noticed its influence on the environment.Training an AI system requires huge computing power and electricity，and the resulting CO2 emissions are one way AI affects the environment. But its environmental effect is more than its carbon footprint.
Jesse Dodge，a scientist at the Allen Institute，says，“The influence of AI systems is going to be from their applications, not the cost of training them.” David Rolnick，a computer scientist at McGill University，compares AI to a hammer (锤子)：“The main effect of a hammer is what is being hammered，” he says，“not what is in the hammer.” Just like a hammer which can either destroy things or build a house，AI can hurt or help the environment.
In 2019，an oil company said it would use a famous technology corporation's app.With the AI technology，it would increase its production and create billions of dollars.This means the corporation's AI is directly contributing to greenhouse gas emissions.This is not the only AI application that could be environmentally harmful.AI behind the ads that jump out on web pages pushes customers to spend more on products like clothes. This in turn causes more emissions through more production and delivery.
But on the other side of the coin，there are AI applications that can help deal with environmental problems，such as the destruction caused by hurricanes.One such application is a program started by a U．S.organization.It can recognize buildings damaged and people trapped in natural disasters，reducing danger and saving time for rescuers.
AI could be a valuable tool in the fight against climate change—if the AI industry can reduce its harmful climate effects.“Both AI rules and climate rules have roles to play，” Rolnick says.When creating AI rules，he suggests considering its applications，emissions，and other production costs.Further，Dodge adds that those AI professionals should help set up some value systems to limit the technology's use.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人工智能对环境的影响。
9．Where does the effect of AI systems on the environment come from according to Dodge？(　　)
A．The popularity of AI.
B．The emissions of CO2.
C．The way of applying AI.
D．The cost of AI training.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Jesse Dodge, a scientist at the Allen Institute，says，‘The influence...training them.’”可知，根据道奇的说法，人工智能系统对环境的影响来自其应用方式。
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10．How does the author develop paragraph 4？(　　)
A．By listing numbers.
B．By giving an example.
C．By comparing facts.
D．By explaining details.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推知，作者通过举例来展开第四段内容。
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11．What can we infer from the last paragraph？(　　)
A．Rules for AI can be helpful.
B．AI's advance should be limited.
C.AI's production costs will be lower.
D．AI plays a role in making rules.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Both AI rules and climate rules have roles to play”和“Further，Dodge adds...the technology's use.”可推知，为人工智能设立规则可能会有帮助。
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12．What is the main idea of the passage？(　　)
A.AI applications are environmentally harmful.
B.AI affects the environment by CO2 emissions.
C.AI is effective in solving environmental problems.
D.AI's environmental effect goes beyond its emissions.
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中的“But its environmental effect is more than its carbon footprint.”可知，文章主要讲的是人工智能对环境的影响不只在于它的二氧化碳排放。
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Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·怀化期中)Saving the environment might seem like a difficult thing. But living an environmentally friendly life is quite easy. With just a few small lifestyle changes, you can protect the planet and also live a healthier life for yourself! 1._______________________________________________　
1．D　解析：根据上文“With just a few...a healthier life for yourself！”和下文内容可知，空处为过渡句，应表示“以下是一些有帮助的建议”，D项承上启下，符合语境。
D．Here are some tips that may be of great help.
Cut back on driving.
Find other forms of transportation that consume less or no petrol. 2._____________________________________ They won't cause any pollution or consume natural resources. If that isn't a choice, consider sharing rides with others or using public transportation. Replacing car trips with public transport reduces traffic jams and the overall amount of petrol consumption, cutting back your carbon footprint.
2．C　解析：根据下文“They won't cause any pollution or consume natural resources.”可知，空处应表示要选择不会造成任何污染或消耗自然资源的交通方式，C项与上下文表达的含义一致，符合语境。
C．Walk or ride a bike whenever possible.
Volunteer to clean up your community.
Volunteer work has a directly positive impact on the environment in your area. You can volunteer to pick up litter, plant community gardens or clean up rivers. Find an activity that suits your interests and set aside time to help regularly. 3.________________________________________________________ If you prefer to be part of a group, volunteer with friends, your class or anyone else.
F．You can join an environmental organization that attracts you, too.
3．F　解析：根据本段小标题可知，本段的建议是自愿帮助清理社区，空处上下文说的都是志愿服务的方式，F项也是一种志愿服务的方式，与本段内容一致，符合语境。
Upcycle (升级改造) items.
4．_______________________________________________________________ Instead of throwing things away, give them another purpose by making jewelry, household accessories or restyled clothing. Upcycling is fun and good for the earth. For example, you could turn an old T-shirt into a grocery bag or use cinder blocks (煤渣砖) to make outdoor planters. Experiment and look for new ways to adapt used objects.
G．Creatively repurpose unwanted items to put less trash into the world.
4．G　解析：根据下文“Instead of throwing things away...restyled clothing.”并结合本段的小标题可知，本段的建议是回收再利用废旧物品，G项符合本段话题，且下文是对G项的进一步解释说明，上下文逻辑连贯，符合语境。
5．____________________________________
Some chemicals have harmful long-term effects on the environment. Choose chemical-free products, plus all-natural household cleaners, beauty products and hygiene products. The fewer chemicals you use, the healthier the environment will be. Plus, natural and chemical-free products are also good for you!
B．Use fewer chemicals in your daily life.
5．B　解析：根据下文“Some chemicals have harmful...the healthier the environment will be.”可知，本段介绍了化学物质对环境有害，要减少使用化学物质。B项与本段表达的含义一致，符合语境。
A．Keep recycled items properly.
B．Use fewer chemicals in your daily life.
C．Walk or ride a bike whenever possible.
D．Here are some tips that may be of great help.
E．Consider investing in an electric or hybrid (混合动力) vehicle.
F．You can join an environmental organization that attracts you, too.
G．Creatively repurpose unwanted items to put less trash into the world.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个拯救环境的具体做法。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·清远高一期末)Carbon pricing (碳定价) is a policy tool to lower emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases. Emissions are produced when fossil fuels 1.____________(burn).These emissions are the main cause of climate change，2.____________(result) in flooding, sea-level rise, drought, heatwaves, and other costs to society.
are burned
resulting
The goal of carbon pricing 3.____________(be) to shift the responsibility for these costs to those who produce the emissions. 4.____________ producers and consumers have to pay for each ton of CO2 they emit, they have an economic incentive (动机) 5.____________(shift) away from fossil fuels, improve their energy efficiency, and invest in low-carbon technology.
is
When
to shift
In theory, a carbon price should be equal to the social cost of carbon. For example, if one ton of CO2 emissions costs the public $100，6.____________ should cost $100 to emit that ton of CO2.However, that price is very hard to determine, so often carbon prices are instead set at levels 7.____________ policymakers think will help them meet certain emission or temperature targets.
it
that/which
Many economists and policymakers consider carbon pricing one of the best available 8.____________(tool) to fight against climate change. That's because carbon pricing can touch every part of the economy. Rather than regulating 9.____________(exact) where and how emissions should be reduced, carbon pricing gives markets the flexibility to find the 10.____________(cheap) possible ways to lower emissions.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了为了控制碳排放，世界上很多国家开始实施“碳定价”。
tools
exactly
cheapest
1．are burned　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在从句中作谓语；结合上文are produced，且fossil fuels与burn之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态；且主语fossil fuels为复数形式，应用are burned。
2．resulting　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用现在分词形式作结果状语。
3．is　解析：考查动词的时态。根据上下文可知，空处应用一般现在时。
4．When　解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，空处应用从属连词when引导时间状语从句。单词位于句首，首字母应大写。
5．to shift　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词incentive。
6．it　解析：考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用it作形式主语，后面的动词不定式短语作真正主语。
7．that/which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 levels，指物，应用that或which。
8．tools　解析：考查名词复数。one of后面应用可数名词的复数形式。
9．exactly　解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词regulating，应用副词形式。
10．cheapest　解析：考查形容词最高级。根据语境可知，空处应用形容词最高级形式。(共59张PPT)
Period 5　课后巩固 多维提能
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·莆田五校联考)Have you ever had the feeling that you can't think when there is too much noise around Did you ever think a fish could experience that feeling too A recent paper published in Science
[过基础 知识巩固]
titled “The Soundscape (音景) of the Anthropocene Ocean”， combined over 10，000 scientific papers, confirming that undersea life knows that exact same feeling, more often than not. Anthropogenic (人为的) ocean noise, also known as underwater noise pollution, has created a dramatic impact on marine life due to “human-caused” activity within and neighbouring our oceans.
Disney Pixar's animated films educated us about the ocean, specifically within the ordinary world of a clown fish. A fact many may not know is that clown fish spend the first part of their lives as larvae (幼体), drifting with the current of the ocean until they become strong enough to swim against it. Once they are powerful and strong, they head home in sheltered coral reefs. There is only one drawback—the fish can't physically see the reef, but they can hear it. The only problem is, if they can't hear it, will they ever make it home
Our anthropogenic ocean noises, such as cargo ships, ship and boat propellers (螺旋桨), surfing, deep sea mining, etc. are causing destruction of marine life. According to Time, sound is the sensory signal that travels the farthest through the ocean. Anthropogenic noise drowns out the natural soundscapes, putting marine life under immense stress. Altogether, this stress then affects their general health,
disrupts their behaviour, physiology, reproduction and, in extreme cases, causes death. Marine life can adapt to noise pollution, however, only if they can escape it. This only renders further complications of forcing species to leave their traditional breeding regions or their families.
Now, what if we told you there is already a solution Multiple solutions, ideas and designs are currently in the works or already exist to reduce and reverse the damage of anthropogenic ocean noise. As Time explains, from wind-powered ships to noise-reducing propellers, floating wind turbines and “bubble curtains” that muffle construction noise, the solutions are already available and in some cases, cost-effective. The authors of the paper hope it will catch the attention of policymakers, who historically speaking, have ignored the matter still to this day.
Of all the challenges ocean creatures are battling, luckily sound pollution is the easiest compromise (妥协方案) humans can make. Once the noise has decreased, marine life will be able to better manage everything else it is up against.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人为海洋噪声也被称为水下噪声污染，已经对海洋生物产生了巨大的影响。
1．What do we know about “The Soundscape of the Anthropocene Ocean”？(　　)
A．It analyses how sound travels in the ocean.
B.It discusses different types of ocean pollution.
C．It explores the effects of noise pollution on sea life.
D．It studies how sea animals communicate with each other.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A recent paper...neighbouring our oceans.”可知，这篇论文探索了噪声污染对海洋生物的影响。
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2．Why does the author mention clown fish in paragraph 2？(　　)
A．To present their life cycles.
B．To show how terrible their living conditions are.　
C．To introduce a famous animation about the ocean world.
D.To stress the importance of natural soundscapes to sea life.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“There is only one drawback...make it home？”可推知，提到小丑鱼是为了强调自然的音景对海洋生物是十分重要的。
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3．What does the underlined word “renders” probably mean in paragraph 3？(　　)
A．Reduces.　　　　　 B．Causes.
C．Solves. D．Prevents.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Marine life can adapt to noise pollution...their families.”可推知，海洋生物只有在能够逃脱噪声污染的情况下才能适应噪声污染，这只会导致物种离开传统繁殖区或其家族的进一步复杂化，因此，画线词意为“导致”。
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4．What is the author's purpose of writing the passage？(　　)
A.To publicize the knowledge of soundscapes.
B.To regulate humans' activities on the ocean.
C.To emphasize the importance of animal protection.
D.To draw people's attention to anthropogenic ocean noise.
解析：写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中的“Anthropogenic ocean noise...neighbouring our oceans.”和最后一段中的“Once the noise...up against.”可推知，作者写这篇文章是为了引起人们对人为海洋噪声的关注。
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(2025·中山高一检测)Some breathtaking blue lakes may not be so blue in the future, thanks to climate change.
In the first global record of lake color, researchers find that roughly one-third of Earth's lakes are blue.But, should average summer air temperatures rise by a few degrees, some of those clear waters could turn a cloudy green or brown, the team reports in the Geophysical Research Letters.
The changing colors could change how people use those waters and offer information about the balance of lake ecosystems.The lake color depends in part on what's in the water, but factors such as water depth and surrounding land use also pared with blue lakes, green or brown lakes have more algae (水藻) and organic matter, says one of the researchers.
The scientists then look at local climates during that time to see how they may be linked to lake colors around the world.Lakes in places with average summer air temperatures that were below 19 ℃ were more likely to be blue than lakes with warmer summers, the researchers find.If average summer temperatures increase another 3℃—an amount that scientists think is possible by the end of the century—those 3，800 lakes could turn green or brown.That's because warmer water helps algae produce more flowers, which changes the qualities of the water, giving it a green-brown color.
If some lakes do become less blue, people will probably lose some of the resources they have come to value, says O'Reilly, a scientist at Southern Methodist University in Dallas.But the color changes wouldn't necessarily mean that the lakes are any less healthy.“Humans don't value lots of algae in a lake, but if you're a certain type of fish species, you might be like this is great，” O'Reilly says.
The lake color can hint at the balance of a lake's ecosystem and it gives a baseline for assessing how climate change is affecting Earth's freshwater resources.Continued monitoring of lakes could help scientists discover future changes.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了湖泊的颜色可以暗示湖泊生态系统的平衡，它为评估气候变化如何影响地球淡水资源提供了基础，可以帮助科学家发现未来的变化。
5．Which factor connecting the lake color isn't mentioned？(　　)
A．Water depth.
B．People's use of water.
C．Surrounding land use.
D．Contents in the water.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The lake color depends...also matter.”可知，水深、周围土地利用和水的成分与湖泊的颜色相联系。人们对水的利用没有提及。
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6．Why could the lake color change if average summer temperatures rise by 3 ℃？(　　)
A．Because people will lose what they value.
B.Because the quantities of the water is changed.
C．Because algae grows more in warmer water.
D.Because 3，800 lakes could turn green or brown.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，如果夏季平均气温上升3°C，湖泊颜色会发生变化，因为藻类在温暖的水中生长得更多。
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7．What is O'Reilly's attitude toward the color change of the lakes？(　　)
A．Doubtful.　　　　　 B．Positive.
C．Disapproving. D．Objective.
解析：观点态度题。根据最后两段内容可知，在奥莱利看来，湖泊颜色的变化未必就是一种灾难，要视情况而言，所以对于湖水颜色的变化，奥莱利的态度是客观的。
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8．What is the main idea of the passage？(　　)
A．Climate change could change the lake color.
B．The lake color shows the health conditions of lakes.
C．The change of the lake color affects the lake ecosystem.
D．The color change in lakes does harm to the environment.
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了气候变化可能会改变湖泊的颜色。
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(2025·青岛月考)The 17 Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations give us opportunities of our time—opportunities to terminate extreme poverty, to make sure that everyone can get food and clean water.In fact，there are many space services that can help us pursue the Sustainable Development Goals.
Communication satellites make it possible to make a phone call and have Internet service on the earth. This is particularly important during times of disaster recovery. When Typhoon Haiyan struck the Philippines，the local communication networks needed to be repaired，and teams brought in communication tools that could connect with satellites.This was useful during the time of repair and recovery.
In space，we have a laboratory on the International Space Station.The vehicle and everything inside are in a form of free fall around the earth，and they don't experience the effect of gravity.And because of this，we call it “microgravity”．When astronauts are in the microgravity environment，their bodies react as if they're aging rapidly.Their bones and muscles weaken，and the systems of their bodies change.As scientists study how to keep astronauts healthy in space，we can take the exercises and techniques we use for astronauts and transfer (转用) them to improve our health here.
Often，as we develop technology for astronauts and exploration for spacecraft，we can also transfer those inventions to help people on the earth.Filtration (过滤) system is one of the examples.It is a tool that liquid is passed through in order to remove any materials that are not wanted.With the help of filtration system，drinking clean water became possible for astronauts in space.The system is now being used around the world.
Space is also a great source of inspiration，through education，research and astronomy (天文学).Now，countries around the world are working at advancing their own development by increasing their local knowledge of engineering，science and space.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了为了太空探索而发明的科学技术也能够为我们的生活带来便利这一观点。
9．What does the underlined word “terminate” in paragraph 1 probably mean？(　　)
A．Create.　　　　　 B．End.
C．Help. D．Monitor.
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“to make sure that everyone can get food and clean water”可知，联合国的17项可持续发展目标提供了消除极度贫困的机会，保证每个人都能够吃到食物、喝到干净的水。由此可知，画线词意为“结束、终结”。
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10．What can be known about microgravity？(　　)
A．It is a state of free fall.
B．It widely exists on the earth.
C．It can be changed by people.
D．It brings harm to astronauts.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“When astronauts are in the microgravity environment...systems of their bodies change.”可推知，微重力环境对航天员身体是有害的。
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11．Why does the author give the example of filtration system？(　　)
A．To encourage the exploration of space.
B．To promote the use of filtration system.
C．To show the transfer of space inventions.
D．To inspire people to invent more tools.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Often，as we develop technology...Filtration system is one of the examples.”可知，作者举过滤系统的例子是为了展示太空发明的迁移运用。
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12．What is the best title of the passage？(　　)
A．The Mystery of Outer Space Technologies
B.Space Technologies We Can Use to Improve Life　
C.The Development of Advanced Space Technologies　
D．Sustainable Development of Science and Technology　
解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中的“In fact，there are many space services that can help us pursue the Sustainable Development Goals.”可知，文章主要论述了为了太空探索而发明的科学技术也能够为我们的生活带来便利。
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Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·邵阳二中高一期中)As our human population and resource need grow, we are leaving less and less room for wildlife. But the good news is that each of us can play a role in helping wild animals by making the world a better place for them. 1._______________________
___________________________________________．
1．G　解析：根据空前的“But the good news is...a better place for them.”及下文内容可知，空处承上启下，应说明通过下文一些具体行动来保护野生动物。G项符合语境。
G.Let's become an active
protector by putting the following ideas into practice
Go outside and connect with wildlife. Take a walk and enjoy the wildlife all around you—the birds, butterflies, elephants and the like. Spend more time outside appreciating, enjoying and learning about wildlife.
Speak up for wildlife. 2.____________________________________， speak up and speak out against wildlife illegal poaching (偷猎), wild animal exploration, sport hunting of wild animals, overfishing, the illegal pet trade, wild animals used for entertainment, and much more.
2．D　解析：根据本段主题句“Speak up for wildlife.”及下文的“then spread them on social media”可知，本段建议积极地为野生动物保护发声，并将这种正能量在社交媒体上传播出去。D项符合语境。
D．Become a voice for wildlife on social media
3.________________________________________________________， then spread them on social media, encourage friends and others to watch them too, and share your ideas about how to protect and save wildlife.
3．F　解析：根据空后的“then spread them on social media...save wildlife”可知，此处建议将野生动物的相关信息调查清楚，然后发布到社交媒体上，引起人们对它们艰难的生存现状的广泛关注。F项符合语境。
F.Learn about the lives and problems many animals are facing today
4．____________________________. Collecting rubbish can save the life of an animal. Pick up any plastic bag, plastic of any kind, fishing line, and anything that can be mistaken for food by animals, or can trap and even kill them.
4．A　解析：根据空后的“Collecting rubbish can save the life of an animal.”可知，本段建议通过收集垃圾、减少环境污染来保护野生动物。A项符合语境，适合作本段的主题句。
A．Pick up rubbish around you
Never buy products from threatened or endangered species. When travelling to a foreign country, shopping overseas, or shopping in your local area, never buy gifts or products that support the illegal wildlife trade, or are from animals in danger. 5.___________________________
______________．
5．C　解析：根据空前的“When travelling to a foreign country...from animals in danger.”可知，人们的购物行为及选择也会影响野生动物保护运动的成效。C项符合语境。
C．Your choice could make a
big difference
A．Pick up rubbish around you
B．Contact the local government
C．Your choice could make a big difference
D．Become a voice for wildlife on social media
E．Take a free online class on wildlife protection
F.Learn about the lives and problems many animals are facing today
G.Let's become an active protector by putting the following ideas into practice
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些保护野生动物的具体措施。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Today, many people are worried about endangered species. But isn't it just normal for some animals to die out
In the past, animals died out over a long period of time.When animals died out in the past, it was usually because of the weather or other natural 1.____________(cause).
causes
What is happening today is 2.____________(total) different.We are killing millions of species in a short time. The result is that we are killing our future, because so many species 3._______________(kill) over the past few decades that even 4.____________ fittest can't survive. In fact, there won't be enough species to choose from. 5.____________ enough animals and plants, evolution cannot function. Nature will get 6.____________(bad) instead of better.
totally
have been killed
the
Without
worse
Many of the species 7.____________(disappear) on earth are unknown and few people even know that they are dying out. These animals started to live on earth long before us, 8.____________ we have no right to kill. We may also need these species in the future. We must try to keep the endangered species alive. If we allow these species 9.____________(die) out, we are in fact becoming endangered 10.____________(we).
disappearing
which
to die
ourselves
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。由于人类的捕杀，大量物种灭绝，如果人类继续捕杀，自然将会继续恶化，这为人类保护濒危物种敲响了警钟。
1．causes　解析：考查名词复数。根据句意及空前的other可知，cause在此处意为“原因”，为可数名词，空处应用名词复数形式。
2．totally　解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰形容词different，应用副词形式。
3．have been killed　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在because引导的原因状语从句中作谓语，结合时间状语over the past few decades可知，应用现在完成时；从句的主语so many species和动词kill之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态；且主语为复数形式，助动词用have。
4．the　解析：考查冠词。根据空后的形容词最高级形式fittest可知，空处应用定冠词the。
5．Without　解析：考查介词。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处应用介词without，表示“没有”。单词位于句首，首字母应大写。
6．worse　解析：考查形容词比较级。根据句意及句中的better可知，此处应用形容词比较级worse，意为“更糟”。
7．disappearing　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词，且名词species和动词disappear之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，空处应用现在分词形式作定语，修饰名词species。
8．which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词animals，且从句中缺少kill的宾语，应用which引导。
9．to die　解析：考查非谓语动词。allow sb./sth.to do sth.为固定用法，意为“允许某人/某物做某事”。
10．ourselves　解析：考查代词。根据句意及该句主语we可知，本句主语和宾语一致，空处应用反身代词ourselves。
写作规范练(二)
(建议用时：40分钟)
Ⅰ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友蒂姆(Tim)打算今年暑假来中国学习中国毛笔书法(Chinese brush calligraphy)，请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1.表示欢迎；
2.学习毛笔书法的建议(如参观毛笔书法展、参加毛笔书法培训班等)。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
Dear Tim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear Tim,
I'm excited to hear that you will come to China to learn Chinese brush calligraphy during this summer vacation. And I have some suggestions, which will be beneficial to you.
First, you'd better see exhibitions of Chinese brush calligraphy, where you can appreciate many excellent works. Besides, you're supposed to select an excellent Chinese brush calligraphy training course and follow what the teacher tells you and practice hard. The more you practice, the better your writing will be. What's more, you can make new friends in the training who will help you with learning.
I'm convinced that you will make rapid progress. Looking forward to your visit.
Yours,
Li Hua
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was little, I lived in a house with a beautiful garden full of all kinds of flowers, and roses were the most beautiful of them. There was nothing I enjoyed more than sitting in the garden with my mother as she read stories to me. When I was in primary school and old enough to read, I enjoyed reading stories aloud to her.
I will never forget one day when I was in the third grade. I had been picked to be the princess in the school play, and for weeks my mother had rehearsed (排练) my lines so hard with me. But no matter how easily I acted at home, as soon as I stepped onstage, every word disappeared from my head. Finally, my teacher took me aside. She explained that she had written a narrator's part to the play, and asked me to change roles. Her words, kindly expressed, still hurt, especially when I saw my part go to another girl.
I didn't tell my mother what had happened when I went home after school that day. But she sensed my pain. Instead of suggesting we practice my lines, she asked if I wanted to take a walk in the garden.
It was May and roses were blossoming and, under the trees, we could also see yellow dandelions (蒲公英) in the grass, as if a painter had painted our garden with red, yellow and green. I watched my mother casually bend down by one dandelion. “I think I'm going to dig up all these weeds，” she said, pulling it up by its roots. “From now on, we'll have only roses in this garden.”
“But I like dandelions，” I protested. “All flowers are beautiful—even dandelions.”
My mother looked at me seriously. “Yes, every flower is beautiful in its own way, isn't it？” She asked thoughtfully. I nodded, pleased that I had won her over. “And that is true of people too，” she added. “Not everyone can be a princess, but there is no shame in that.” Relieved that she had guessed my pain, I started to cry as I told her what had happened. She listened and smiled, patting me gently.
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
“But you will be a beautiful narrator，” she said, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After the play, I took home the dandelions. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
“But you will be a beautiful narrator，” she said, reminding me how much I loved to read stories aloud to her. “The narrator's part is just as important as the part of a princess.” Her wise words inspired me with courage and confidence. But on the evening of the performance, I suddenly felt nervous backstage again. My teacher came over to me. “Your mother asked me to give you this，” she said, handing me some dandelions. Looking at them, I knew my mother was out there for me, which calmed me down.
After the play, I took home the dandelions. My mother made them into dried flowers and put them into a glass bottle. Every time I see them, I am reminded of this unforgettable experience. I have taken part in many school plays, tried different roles and made many speeches ever since. Gradually, I've become really good at performing and public speaking, seldom feeling nervous onstage now. For this, I am forever grateful to my mother, who has made me what I am today.(共32张PPT)
Period 4　WRITING
主题引领 情境写作
PART
01
第一部分
写作一　应用文写作(绿色交通调查报告)

假定你是李华，最近学校组织了一次名为“绿色交通去上学”的活动，你在班上调查了同学们对于此次活动的态度。请根据表格信息，用英语写一篇调查报告向校英语报投稿。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
观点 比例 理由
支持 70% 1.汽车带来了空气污染和交通堵塞等问题；
2.骑自行车的益处：节约能源、有益健康等
反对 30% 骑自行车上学浪费时间且不安全
　审题谋篇
字斟句酌添细节，写作框架雏形现
[第一段]　介绍调查内容，点明主题
1．最近我们学校组织了一次名为“绿色交通去上学”的活动。
Recently _______________________________ called “Green Transport to School”．
遣词造句
our school organised an activity
2．它号召学生骑自行车上学。
______________________________ to ride bicycles to school.
3．我对同学们对这次活动的态度做了一个调查。
I ____________________ our classmates' attitudes towards this activity.
It calls on the students
made a survey on
[第二段]　介绍支持与反对的原因
4．70%的同学支持它，有两个原因。
70% of our classmates ______________________．
5．一个原因是骑自行车可以节约能源，且对我们的健康有好处。
One reason is that riding a bicycle _______________________________
___________．
support it for two reasons
can be energy saving and is good for
our health
6．另一个原因是汽车导致空气污染和交通堵塞。
The other reason is that ___________________________________．
7．如果学校离家远，骑车上学既不安全又浪费时间。
If the school is far away from home, it is __________________________
_______________________．
cars lead to air pollution and traffic jams
not only unsafe but also a waste
of time riding to school
[第三段]　陈述自己的观点
8．总之，在我看来，如果你不赶时间并且天气好的话，骑车去学校是一个很好的选择。
All in all, in my opinion, ______________________________ if you're not in a hurry and if the weather is fine.
riding to school is a very good choice
巧用单元句式，靓化表达促提升
9．[读教材原句]　(教材P9)Many experts say that The Scream is connected to Munch's mental health problems, which caused him a lot of pain.
[记句式]　which引导非限制性定语从句
[学仿写]　用which引导非限制性定语从句合并句1和句2
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Recently our school organised an activity called “Green Transport to School”， which calls on the students to ride bicycles to school.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
衔接成篇
One possible version：
Recently our school organised an activity called “Green Transport to School”，which calls on the students to ride bicycles to school.I made a survey on our classmates' attitudes towards this activity.
70% of our classmates support it for two reasons.One reason is that riding a bicycle can be energy saving and is good for our health.The other reason is that cars lead to air pollution and traffic jams. But just opposite to the supporters, others think if the school is far away from home, it is not only unsafe but also a waste of time riding to school.
All in all, in my opinion, riding to school is a very good choice if you're not in a hurry and if the weather is fine.
日前，针对学生的零用钱的消费方向，你对你们市某中学的高中和初中的部分学生进行了问卷调查，得出数据如下表。现请你用英文写一篇调查报告，并发表自己的看法，同时呼吁中学生树立正确的消费观。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Recently a survey has been done to find out how middle school students spend their pocket money. The results are as follows.
As the diagram shows, both junior students and senior students spend most of their money on books, snacks and games. On the other hand, only about 32% of juniors spend their pocket money buying books, while over a half buy snacks and around 45% spend it on games.
In my opinion, eating too many snacks will not only make us put on weight but also do harm to our health.In addition, if we play games without limitation, we'll lose much precious time, which results in low grades.I hope we students value our money as well as our time.
第一段 介绍调查活动 1.This survey was carried out to examine the current situation of students' online learning efficiency.　本次调查旨在考察学生在线学习效率的现状。
2.A total of 300 participants were recruited from five primary schools in the city to take part in the survey.
共有 300 名参与者从该市的 5 所小学中招募参与本次调查。
第一段 介绍调查活动 3.The data collection process lasted for two weeks and involved methods such as questionnaires, telephone interviews, and classroom observations.
数据收集过程持续了两周，采用的方法包括问卷调查、电话访谈和课堂观察。
第二段 介绍调查情况 1.The survey results show that a majority of respondents (72%) hold the view that public transportation in the city needs further improvement.
调查结果显示，大多数受访者(72%)认为该市的公共交通需要进一步改善。
2.It was found that there is a significant difference between the reading scores of students who read daily and those who rarely read.
研究发现，每天阅读的学生与很少阅读的学生在阅读成绩上存在显著差异。
第二段 介绍调查情况 3.Among the surveyed items, the most common response is “insufficient parking spaces” accounting for 45% of all feedback.
在被调查的项目中，最常见的回答是 “停车位不足”，占所有反馈的 45%。
4.The data indicates that regular exercise has a great impact on reducing the risk of chronic diseases in middle aged people.
数据表明，规律锻炼对降低中年人患慢性病的风险有很大影响。
第三段 陈述自己 的观点 1.Based on the survey findings, I believe that increasing investment in public libraries will effectively promote residents' reading enthusiasm.
根据调查结果，我认为增加对公共图书馆的投入将有效提升居民的阅读热情。
2.In my opinion, the key issue revealed by the survey is the lack of effective communication between teachers and students in online classes.
在我看来，调查揭示的关键问题是在线课堂中师生缺乏有效沟通。
第三段 陈述自己 的观点 3.Considering all the results, I would suggest that the community should organize more cultural activities to enhance residents' sense of belonging.
综合所有结果，我建议社区应多组织文化活动，以提升居民的归属感。
4.The survey outcomes lead me to conclude that optimizing the urban public transportation network is the most urgent task to ease traffic congestion.
调查结果使我得出结论，优化城市公共交通网络是缓解交通拥堵最紧迫的任务。
写作二　场景微续写(关于水果农场的一个伤心事)
词 汇 积 累 [情感描写]　fortune, admit, mild, suit
[动作描写]　occur, head to, seek, earn a living, select, claim, escape, fold, settle, contain
佳 句 积 累 [动作描写]　1.I walked around looking at the street art for a few hours.
2.Many others found jobs on farms，joined the gold rush, or went to build the railway that joined California to the eastern region of the country.
3.Visitors can also spend hours just exploring the interesting sights，smells，and sounds of China.
[情感描写]　I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again.
[场景呈现]　我和哥哥向亚当爷爷的水果农场走去，试图摘些苹果。正在那时，低沉的声音传来。我们没有从农场逃跑的机会。他没有责备我们，而是亲手给我们挑选了几个苹果。几个月后，亚当爷爷发生了不好的事情——他不幸从苹果树上掉下来失去了生命。听到这个坏消息，我们不能控制我们的情绪，伤心的泪水像断了线的珠子一样从我们的脸上落下来。
My brother and I headed to Old Man Adam's fruit farm，1.________________________[现在分词(短语)作伴随状语]. At that time, a low voice came. We 2.____________________________________. He didn't blame us and instead 3.________________________________. Several months later, something bad—unfortunately, his falling from the apple tree claimed his life—occurred to Old Man Adam. 4.________________________[现在(分词)短语作时间状语], we couldn't contain our emotions, 5.________________________________
__________________________________(独立主格结构).
seeking to pick some apples
had no chance to escape from the farm
selected several apples for us first hand
Hearing the bad news
tears of sadness running down our
faces like a broken string of pearls
短 语 必 记 1.be close to tears　　　　　　快要哭了
2.tears cloud one's eyes 泪水模糊了双眼
3.tears well up in one's eyes 热泪盈眶
4.be wet with tears/in tears 泪流满面
5.with a lump in one's throat 喉咙哽咽
6.tears roll/stream/run/flow down one's cheeks 泪水滑落脸颊
必 背 金 句 1.There was a lump in my throat and I didn't speak because I knew I would cry.
我哽咽了，没有说话，因为我知道我会哭。
2.I left quickly，not wanting to break down in front of the children.
我赶快离开了，不想在孩子们面前崩溃大哭。
必 背 金 句 3.Realizing she would never come back to the land and never see her dear friends and teachers, Emma's eyes went red and watery.
意识到她将不会再回到这片土地上，再也见不到她亲爱的朋友和老师了，埃玛双眼发红，泪水盈盈。
4.Hearing the news of her father's death, she had a good cry.
听到父亲去世的消息，她痛哭流涕。
5.The little boy lay on the ground, crying for the toy car.
小男孩躺在地上，哭着要那个玩具车。(共56张PPT)
Period 1　课后巩固 多维提能
[过基础　知识巩固]
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．What teenagers should do is have a healthy ____________(balance) diet and get plenty of exercise.
2．Classic poetry enjoys wide popularity in China, and even songs ____________(involve) poetry are very successful.
balanced
involving
3．From my point of view, we should also take English books and websites into consideration, thus laying a solid _____________(found) for English.
4．At last, the confident girl who could speak English really fluently came up with a __________(solve).
5．Why bother _______________(ask) if you're not really interested
6．It is a pity that the _____________(industry) cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors.
foundation
solution
to ask/asking
industrial
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1．The cost of obtaining legal advice needs to be balanced _____________ its benefits.
2．If you don't insist on _________ you are doing, at no time will you obtain what you desire.
3．He dreamt that the Olympics would make _____ possible for people of all countries to live side by side in peace.
against
what
it
4．Suffering _____________ heavy pressure, he can't concentrate on his work well.
5．The solution ______ the educational problem should come from fair access to quality educational resources.
6．I don't want to bother her _____________ my problems at the moment.
7．She thought it was worthwhile for her to teach in the small village to make ______difference to the life of the children there.
8．The government agreed to set ____ a committee of inquiry.
from
to
with/about
a
up
维度三　完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
1．真正的问题是你想成为什么样的人。
The real issue is ____________________________________．
2．老师鼓励的话语使学生们对即将到来的考试更有信心了。(make＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
The teacher's encouraging words ________________________________
________________________．
what kind of person you want to be
made the students feel more confident about the upcoming exam
3．医生的职责是救死扶伤。(动词不定式作表语)
The duty of the doctor is _____________________________________．
4．As far as I am concerned, I found the meeting on how to reduce our carbon emission most fruitful.
→__________________, I found the meeting on how to reduce our carbon emission most fruitful.
5．你找到这所房子费劲吗？
(1) ______________________________________(bother)
(2) __________________________________________(trouble/difficulty)
to heal the wounded and rescue the dying
For my part
Did you have bother (in) finding the house？
Did you have trouble/difficulty (in) finding the house？
维度四　融合教材·主题探究
【改编自译林必修三 U1】
HOST：Good evening and welcome to News that Matters. Our topic today is pollution in Norgate. Norgate's rapid development，including the development in heavy industry, has had significant environmental costs. Someone protested against heavy industry. Mr Brown, would you like to respond
BROWN：Well, I'm sorry they feel that way. People tend to connect factories with pictures of clouds of dirty smoke and irresponsible businessmen eager to make huge profits. In defence of the factories, however, I'd like to point out that we also try to control the amount of pollution we produce. We've been taking various measures, including the use of new technologies, to reduce pollution in the production process, even though these measures raise our production costs. I'd also like to draw your attention to the economic benefits factories have brought to Norgate. We've created many jobs for local residents and helped the city's economy grow.
HOST：With pollution levels on the rise, the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee is searching for ways to fight the problem. Mrs Archer, what are your thoughts on how to deal with pollution
ARCHER：Well, our committee has a major role to play in maintaining air and water quality. We have to achieve a balance between environmental protection and economic development. We've made environmental policies for businesses to observe, like strict clean-up requirements. We also work hand in hand with other branches of government to ensure that development strategies are followed in an environmentally friendly way. However, fighting pollution isn't just a task for factories and the government. It has to be a community-wide effort, and everyone can help by following the golden rule: reduce, reuse and recycle.
1．Which one is Mr Brown's opinion？(　　)
A.The economic development has greatly benefited local residents.
B.The heavy industry factories have controlled serious pollution.
C．Protecting environment is as important as developing economy.
D．It is only the heavy industry factories that caused the serious pollution.
3
4
2
1
√
2．What benefits of heavy industry were mentioned by Mr Brown？(　　)
A．It raised production lost.
B．It promoted economic growth.
C．It changed the environment.
D．It introduced new technologies.
3
4
1
2
√
3．Which of the following was NOT done by the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee？(　　)
A．Making environmental policies.
B.Educating the masses to raise environmental awareness.
C.Working with other departments of the government.
D.Ensuring development strategies are implemented in an environmentally friendly manner.
4
2
1
3
√
4．Which one is Mrs Archer's opinion？(　　)
A．We should build a community with a shared future for mankind.
B．The heavy industries have caused serious pollution and should be removed.
C．Keeping the environment clean is only the government's duty.
D．We should work together to fight pollution and protect our planet.
3
2
1
4
√
[过能力　综合提升]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·杭州联谊学校月考)When most kids go to the beach, they're too focused on making sandcastles and splashing around to notice litter, but several years ago, for 7-year-old Cash Daniels, noticing a plastic straw sparked a lifelong passion for saving the planet.
Cash, who is now known as the “conservation kid”， has always loved nature. He grew up fishing along the Chattanooga River, after all! But once he learned that 80 percent of all trash from land and rivers ends up in the ocean, he couldn't sit back．
He started with cleanups along the river, something that quickly went from a family affair to a community effort with volunteers and neighbors. Later, Cash, together with a Canadian conservationist, Ella Galaski-Rossen, started a nonprofit called the Cleanup Kids. Despite living in different counties, they managed to create educational videos on their social media. “We hope to be a really big nonprofit that eliminates plastic in the U．S. and Canada，” Cash said. “We want to inform kids and adults in the landlocked states on how their actions are connected to the water and the ocean，” Cash said.
Cash was selected as one of America's top 10 youth volunteers by the Prudential Spirit of Community Awards. He also earned the title of National Honoree, where he received a $5，000 grant to go to a nonprofit of his choice, and he became the first person to win the Youth Conservationist Award two years in a row from the Tennessee Wildlife Federation.
“I want to travel the world, teach others, and help them feel connected to the ocean. Because if you are connected to the ocean—if you love it and what lives in it—you'll want to protect it，” he said. “This is my fun, and it becomes more fun with every new discovery.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了卡什·丹尼尔斯从小热爱自然，发起环保行动的故事。
1．Which can replace the underlined phrase “sit back” in paragraph 2？(　　)
A．Give up. B．Take part.
C．Lend a hand. D．Pay no attention.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段内容和第三段中的“He started with cleanups...with volunteers and neighbors.”可知，卡什被称为“环保小卫士”，了解到80%来自陆地和河流的垃圾最终会流入海洋后，他从清理河边的垃圾做起，他无法坐视不管。因此，sit back意为“坐视不管、袖手旁观”，与pay no attention意思相近。
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2．Why did Cash start the Cleanup Kids？(　　)
A．To make instructive videos.
B．To build a wider community.
C．To appeal for ocean protection.
D．To organize volunteers for cleanups.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Later, Cash, together with a Canadian conservationist...‘We hope...the water and the ocean，’ Cash said.”可知，是为了呼吁保护海洋。
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3．Which of the following best describes Cash Daniels？(　　)
A．Brave and talented.
B．Generous and modest.
C．Creative and humorous.
D．Sympathetic and devoted.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段和最后一段内容可推知，卡什富有同情心并且有奉献精神。
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4．What does Cash Daniels' story imply？(　　)
A．No pains, no gains.
B．Passion fuels dreams.
C．Helping others is great fun.
D．Many hands make light work.
解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第二段和最后一段内容可推知，卡什·丹尼尔斯的故事暗示了热情可以激发梦想。
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With greater climate catastrophe (气候突变) on Earth, it is natural for us to make every effort to stop the potential floods, snowstorms, and alarming reports from scientists.For many of us (myself included), part of that means running out to buy reusable straws, organic cleaners, and packaging-free products.
However, before you are delighted at “green” purchases, take a second to consider the results of a new study from Arizona University.By comparing the shopping habits, mental health and environmental impact of young people, the researchers reconfirmed a principle: Buying less beats buying “green” stuff without effort.And that is true whether you are looking at the impact that your purchases have on the Earth or on your own happiness.
It should not come as a shock that simply consuming less is better for the planet.After all, every new item a factory yields requires some resources to produce.Take plastic bag bans for instance.If your city is getting rid of single-use shopping bags, it can be attractive to pay for a fashionable organic cotton bag hanging in the check-out line of your local supermarket.However, experts insist that growing cotton is actually no better for the Earth than producing the conventional plastic bags.Then what is your best bet for carrying your groceries if you care about sustainability Any bag you already own.
It is not just the Earth that will be happier if you buy less.You will feel more contented too, according to the new study.“People believe that they might well be self-satisfied about becoming environmentally conscious through ‘green’ buying patterns, but it doesn't seem to be that way，” said the lead researcher Sabrina Helm.“Reduced consumption has effects on increased happiness, but we don't see that with ‘green’ consumption.”
“Owning every new ‘green’ product on the market might make you feel contented, but if you relieve yourself of that burden of ownership, most people report feeling a lot better，” said Helm.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。亚利桑那大学的一项新研究结果表明，减少消费比所谓的“绿色消费”对地球更好，这会让人类得到更多。
5．Why does the author mention “green” shopping habits？(　　)
A．To call on a green lifestyle.
B．To present a half true “green” truth.
C．To introduce a social trend.
D．To praise people's green efforts.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可推知，作者提到“绿色”购物习惯是为了呈现半真半假的“绿色”真相。
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6．What's the main idea of paragraph 3？(　　)
A．Growing cotton is far worse for the Earth.
B.Reduced consumption is better for the Earth.
C．Using any bag you have is the best bet.
D．The plastic bag bans are of no effect.
解析：段落大意题。根据第三段内容，尤其是“It should not come as a shock that simply consuming less is better for the planet.”可知，第三段主要是讲减少消费对地球更好。
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7．What does the underlined word “contented” in paragraph 4 refer to？(　　)
A．The sense of achievement.
B．The sense of relief.
C．The sense of happiness.
D．The sense of security.
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解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“It is not just the Earth that will be happier if you buy less.”和“Reduced consumption has effects on increased happiness”可知，此处指减少消费会让你幸福，所以contented意为“幸福的”。
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8．What might be the best title for the passage？(　　)
A．Less Is More
B．The Greener, The Happier
C．Happiness Guarantee
D．What Are Green Products
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解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是根据第二段内容和第三段中的“It should not come as a shock that simply consuming less is better for the planet.”可知，文章主要介绍了减少消费比所谓的“绿色消费”对地球更好，这会让人类得到更多。因此，A项最适合作文章标题。
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Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·淄博实验中学月考)“You're very talented, dear. I hope everything turns out great. I'll tell my friends about the animal shelter (收容处)，” a kind old lady told Conrad, who smiled _________________ as she left $20 in his hat.
C．sweetly
Conrad was proud of what he was doing and people in the _________________ loved hearing him sing and play his _________________. The 11-year-old didn't know how much money the local animal shelter _________________．
B．park
D．guitar
A.needed
His mother, Sandy, worked at the shelter and had always been a(n) _________________ animal lover. Therefore, he grew to be fond of animals as well. _________________， he recently heard his mother telling a friend that the shelter was not doing well. It _________________ on donations, and few donations were _________________. This made the boy very _________________. So he grabbed his guitar and _________________ the local town park to sing and play.
B．active
A.However
B．survived
B．coming in
C．worried
C．headed for
He placed a _________________ to tell people he was doing it to raise money for the animal shelter, which helped greatly. People _________________ and gave him mostly $1 and change, and others, such as the kind old lady, were more _________________. He was grateful to everyone and continued playing songs and _________________ money.
A.sign
D．stopped
A.generous
B．raising
Teach your kids to love animals, and they'll be better people. Caring for innocent animals makes people more selfless，_________________ and caring. That's why Conrad used his skills to raise funds.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一所动物收容所因为缺乏资金而经营不善，爱护动物的康拉德非常担心，于是在公园里弹吉他唱歌为收容所募集资金的故事。
C．loving
1．A.suddenly B．purposely
C．sweetly D．secretly
C　解析：根据上文老妇人对康拉德说的话可知，老妇人肯定康拉德的行为，因此她和蔼地(sweetly)笑着。
2．A.square B．park
C．street D．hall
B　解析：根据下文the local town park可知，此处指公园(park)里的人都喜欢听他唱歌。
3．A.violin B．piano
C．organ D．guitar
D　解析：根据下文“So he grabbed his guitar”可知，此处指公园里的人都喜欢听他唱歌和弹吉他(guitar)。
4．A.needed B．sold
C．worked D．made
A　解析：根据下文“the shelter was not doing well”和on donations可知，动物收容所经营得不好，需要捐助。由此可推知，这个11岁的孩子不知道当地动物收容所需要(need)多少钱。
5．A.passive B．active
C．strict D．attractive
B　解析：根据上文“His mother, Sandy, worked at the shelter”以及下文“Therefore, he grew to be fond of animals as well.”可知，他的母亲是一个积极的(active)动物爱好者。
6．A.However B．Besides
C．Otherwise D．Therefore
A　解析：根据上文“Therefore, he grew to be fond of animals as well.”和下文“he recently heard...was not doing well”可知，上下文之间为转折关系，此处应用However。
7．A.acted B．survived
C．concentrated D．kept
B　解析：根据上文“the shelter was not doing well”和下文on donations可知，收容所靠捐款生存。survive on意为“靠……生存”。
8．A.showing off B．coming in
C．going on D．getting up
B　解析：根据上文few donations可知，此处指没有多少捐款可提供。come in意为“可提供、可利用”。
9．A.annoyed B．panicked
C．worried D．confused
C　解析：根据上文“the shelter was not doing well”可知，这让男孩很担心(worried)。
10．A.looked around B．went past
C．headed for D．turned around
C　解析：根据下文“the local town park to sing and play”可知，他拿起吉他，前往(head for)当地的城镇公园唱歌和演奏。
11．A.sign B．signal
C．box D．bench
A　解析：根据下文“to tell people he was doing it to raise money for the animal shelter”可知，他放了一个牌子(sign)，告诉人们他这样做是为了给动物收容所筹款。
12．A.hesitated B．passed
C．left D．stopped
D　解析：根据下文“and gave him mostly $1 and change”可知，人们停下来(stop)，给他的大多是一美元和零钱。
13．A.generous B．happy
C．energetic D．angry
A　解析：根据上文“she left $20 in his hat”和“mostly $1 and change”可知，大多数人给的是一美元和零钱，而那位善良的老妇人给了20美元，因此此处指老妇人更慷慨(generous)。
14．A.counting B．raising
C．saving D．earning
B　解析：根据上文“tell people he was doing it to raise money for the animal shelter”可知，他继续演奏歌曲和筹集(raise)资金。
15．A.curious B．serious
C．loving D．unconcerned
C　解析：根据上文“Caring for innocent animals makes people more selfless”和下文and caring可知，关爱无辜的动物让人们更无私、更有爱心(loving)、更关心别人。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·龙岩高一检测)If you're one of those people planning to do something helpful in honor of Earth Day, you may be wondering what 1.____________(exact) you can do.We've got 10 great 2.____________(way) to roll up your sleeves and get to work, whether you have five minutes, five hours 3.____________ want to form habits that will last a lifetime.
exactly
ways
or
Since our cars are some of the 4.____________(great) sources of pollution in our daily lives, it makes sense to start there.Even if you have 5.____________ short trip to work, driving to and 6.____________ work could still be a major contributor to pollution.For example, a person drives 10 miles each way, 7.____________ means he consumes (消耗) about 1 gallon of gas for the round trip at least.
greatest
a
from
which
But that single gallon of gas sends 20 pounds of carbon dioxide into the air.That's because 1 gallon of gas 8.____________(weigh) about 6.3 pounds and that produces 20 pounds of carbon dioxide when 9.____________(burn). So by not burning that 1 gallon, you'll keep 20 pounds of green-house gas out of the air.
weighs
burned/burnt
So how will you get around Consider 10.____________(take) the bus or train to work from home for the day, or riding your bike if possible.Then you'll be getting healthier with the planet.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了为纪念地球日可以做的一些有益于地球的事情。
taking
1．exactly　解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用副词。
2．ways　解析：考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，空处作宾语，way为可数名词，根据上文的数字10可知，应用名词复数形式。
3．or　解析：考查连词。whether...or...为固定搭配，意为“无论……还是……”。
4．greatest　解析：考查形容词最高级。根据句意以及空前的the可知，空处应用形容词最高级形式。
5．a　解析：考查冠词。have a short trip为固定短语，意为“短途旅行”。
6．from　解析：考查介词。to and from work为固定短语，意为“上下班”。
7．which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代“a person drives 10 miles each way”，并在从句中作主语，应用which。
8．weighs　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，because引导的表语从句缺少谓语，结合上下文和从句主语1 gallon of gas可知，空处应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。
9．burned/burnt　解析：考查状语从句的省略。分析句子结构可知，when引导的时间状语从句和主句主语均为1 gallon of gas，从句谓语为is burned/burnt，此时可省略主语1 gallon of gas和be动词is，空处应用burned/burnt。
10．taking　解析：考查非谓语动词。consider doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“考虑做某事”。(共62张PPT)
Period 3　课后巩固 多维提能
[过基础　知识巩固]
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．He returned home feeling thoroughly ____________(content) after a successful day at work.
2．I was halfway there when it ____________(occur) to me that I had left my notebook at home, so I had to go back to fetch it.
3．He was the ____________(found) and guiding spirit of New York's Shakespeare Festival.
contented
occurred
founder
4．So she praised John for his ____________(propose), and offered him some advice.
5．The government's action shows its ____________(determine) to control the situation.
6．He owed his ____________(survive) to his strength as a swimmer.
7．Over the past ten years, ____________(agriculture) land values have doubled, and they continue to rise in many regions.
8．The government should fund the movement which was launched by the ____________(organise).
proposal
determination
survival
agricultural
organisation
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1．I am sure we can come up ______ a good solution to the complex math problem that has puzzled the whole class.
2．Determined ______(give) his mother a surprise, Tom arrived home ahead of time.
3．The symbols of the map key stand ____________ different places.
with
to give
for
4．I watched the composer and the conductor disappear ____________ my horizon.
5．The children played in the yard ____________ content, enjoying the sunny afternoon.
6．There are plenty ____________ dishes to choose from in the restaurant I recommend to you.
7．They keep their young at home until they are physically able to survive _______ their own.
8．It's a good habit to keep a record _______ your daily expenses.
from
with
of
on
of
维度三　完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
1．为了保持健康，他们每天锻炼。
They take exercise every day _____________________．
2．埃里克很好奇，想知道里面正在发生什么，便推开门，溜进了房子。[形容词(短语)作状语]
__________________________________________, Eric pushed the door open and slipped into the house.
to keep healthy
Curious to know what was happening inside
3．这个问题可以通过做一些简单的伸展锻炼来克服。
This problem can ___________________________________________．
4．She studied harder than before so as to pass the exam with ease.
→She studied harder than before _______________________________________________．
be overcome by doing simple stretching exercises
so that/in order that she could pass the exam with ease
5．就在那时，她突然想到她应该毫不犹豫地收养这个无家可归的孩子。
(1)Just at that moment, _____________________ that she shouldn't hesitate to adopt the homeless child.(occur)
(2)Just at that moment, __________________ that she shouldn't hesitate to adopt the homeless child.(strike)
(3)Just at that moment, _________________ that she shouldn't hesitate to adopt the homeless child.(hit)
it occurred to her
it struck her
it hit her
维度四　融合教材·主题探究
【改编自外研必修二U6】
Most of us are aware that we must take care of the environment, and the majority of us take steps to save energy and reduce waste and pollution. But recently, some “green truths” have been shown to be only half true, or even completely false. Here are some common ones. Which are really green
Paper shopping bags are better than plastic ones.
Plastic bags cause litter and are a danger to wild animals, which mistake them for food. It takes hundreds of years for plastic to break down, but much less time for paper. Because of this, people think paper bags are the better environmental choice.
However, making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water. The process also produces more greenhouse gases.
In fact, both kinds of bags are bad for the environment. So, take a reusable bag with you when you go shopping.
When you turn off a device, it stops using power.
When we turn off a device, such as television, it goes into stand-by mode. Devices in this mode still use power, and older devices in stand-by mode can use even more. This happens because electricity continues to leak from the device, even when it is turned “off”. To make sure your appliance is in fact off, remove the plug from its power supply.
Eating local food is good for the environment.
It seems like common sense: eating local food should be better for the environment, because it does not need to be transported long distances and kept cold during transport. Unfortunately, it is not that simple. It is the production of food, not its transport, that uses most of the energy and produces most of the greenhouse gases. In some cases, local produce might have used more energy and produced more greenhouse gases than produce grown a long way away—even taking into account its transport.
1．Which of the following is TRUE about paper shopping bags？(　　)
A．They are completely green.
B．They are worse than plastic bags.
C．They use less energy to produce.
D.They are not as environmentally friendly as thought.
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2．What happens when a device is in stand-by mode？(　　)
A．It doesn't use any power.
B．It uses less power than when it's on.
C．It still uses some power.
D．It stops leaking electricity.
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3．What can we infer from the passage about local food？(　　)
A．It always saves energy and reduces greenhouse gases.
B．Its production process may not be as green as thought.
C．It is always better for the environment than imported food.
D.Transport is the main cause of energy consumption in food production.
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4．What is the main idea of the passage？(　　)
A．Ways to save energy and reduce waste.
B．Explanations of some common green beliefs.
C．The disadvantages of using plastic bags.
D．The importance of eating local food.
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[过能力　综合提升]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·重庆高一检测)Chinese scientists have created starch (淀粉), a type of complex carbohydrate found in plants, using carbon dioxide, hydrogen and electricity.
Experts say if such technique can be scaled-up (大规模) to the level of industrialization, it may revolutionize how this key nutrient and industrial ingredient is made, since it does not require farming and processing a large quantity of starchy crops such as sweet potatoes and corn, thus saving more water, fertilizer, and arable land.
It may also be used to recycle carbon dioxide into a consumable product.This will help reduce carbon emissions and fight climate change, especially if the electricity used is from renewable sources like solar and wind.
In space exploration it may provide a sustainable food source for astronauts as they travel long distances in space and try to colonize other planets where growing food is impossible.Future space travelers may simply turn the carbon dioxide they breathe out into food they eat.
Ma Yanhe, the director of the Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, says starch and other complex carbohydrates make up 60 to 80 percent of the human diet.
“Our breakthrough demonstrates that creating a complex compound like starch is achievable in a lab, and there are many industries that can benefit from this technology，” he says.
Plants create carbohydrates like starch through photosynthesis (光合作用), which is an extremely complex process, says Ma, adding that it will take a plant about 60 steps to turn carbon dioxide, water and sunlight into starch.
Cai Tao, one of the first authors of the study, says for six years, his team has been focusing on a single project: how to make starch, but do it at a higher speed.He says their method involves first converting carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas into methanol (甲醇).Scientists then piece these single-carbon molecules like a puzzle into bigger and more complex molecules via enzymatic (酶的) processes.
With the help of supercomputing, Chinese scientists have simplified the natural starch making process from about 60 into 11 steps and produced starch.The lab -made starch is chemically identical to starch in nature.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国科学家利用二氧化碳、氢气和电力制造淀粉的技术突破及其对环境、食品生产和太空探索的潜在影响。
1．Which is NOT a potential benefit if the technique can be used on an industrial level？(　　)
A．It will have a positive influence on climate change.
B．It will help produce renewable resources such as solar and wind.
C.It will offer a practical food solution for astronauts.
D．It will help save several sources from water to farming land.
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解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This will help reduce carbon emissions...like solar and wind.”可知，如果使用的电力来自可再生能源，将有助于减少碳排放和对抗气候变化，而不是说该技术本身会生产可再生能源。
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2．Which might be the biggest difficulty in creating the lab-made starch？(　　)
A．Making starch faster.
B．Collecting enough raw materials.
C．Repeating the photosynthesis of plants.
D.Involving methanol in the making process.
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解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Cai Tao, one of the first authors of the study...but do it at a higher speed.”和最后一段中的“With the help of supercomputing...about 60 into 11 steps and produced starch.”可推知，制造实验室合成淀粉最大的困难可能是如何更快制造淀粉。
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7
8
1
2
3．What's the best title for the passage？(　　)
A.Starch, an Important Complex Carbohydrate
B．The Great Benefits of Starch
C.Chinese Scientists Successfully Turn Carbon Dioxide into Starch
D．Chinese Scientists Make Contributions to Climate Change
解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了中国科学家成功地将二氧化碳转化为淀粉这一成就及其潜在的应用前景。因此，C项最适合作文章标题。
√
4
5
6
7
8
2
1
3
4．In which part of a newspaper could you most probably read the passage？(　　)
A．Science. B．Lifestyle.
C．Environment. D．Health.
解析：文章出处题。文章介绍了中国科学家在制造淀粉方面的科学技术，包括制造淀粉所使用的原料、制造过程、技术的优势以及可能的应用领域等。因此，这篇文章可能出现在报纸的“科学”部分。
√
3
5
6
7
8
2
1
4
B
(2025·合肥一中高一检测)National Geographic explorer Malaika Vaz knew from early on that she was destined for adventure. “I was someone who spent a lot of time outdoors，” Vaz says. Among her childhood experiences, she recalls expeditions to the Arctic and Antarctic，climbing mountains，scuba diving，and windsurfing.
“In my late teens，” Vaz says, “I began to feel like adventure didn't really mean anything if there wasn't an intent to protect the natural spaces we were exploring in.” She began to seek an outlet that would both satisfy her desire for adventure and allow her to support the protection of the species and ecosystems.
Vaz had an interest in the medium of film，and decided to pursue a career in wildlife film-making. Today Vaz wears many hats in the film-making world，as a documentary director，producer, writer, and presenter.
After falling in love with mantas off the coast of her home，she discovered they were being hunted illegally and she dressed herself as a seafood trader to get as close as possible to the issue. She traced traffickers back to many parts of the world to figure out why mantas were being killed.She shares the challenges of going undercover to produce Peng Yu Sai，her Green Oscar-nominated film on the matter.
The subjects that grab her attention，Vaz admits, cover a wide range.And while she's been asked to define her focus, she prefers variety，and argues that issues she pinpoints are more interrelated than they may appear.
Her work doesn't stop at recording important stories，she's also on top of follow-through, ensuring the message is heard. Vaz and her team work with scientists and policy makers to amplify the message of the films they work on.
From Vaz's perspective, real improvement in the way the planet is cared for lies in the capable hands of many from various backgrounds. “The truth is that we don't need ten really passionate，committed environmentalists. We need one hundred or one million people who can do a little bit in that field and change things within their ability.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了《国家地理》探险家玛莱卡·瓦兹如何通过野生动物电影制作将冒险与自然保护结合起来。
5．What did Malaika Vaz decide to do in her late teens？(　　)
A．Motivate children to get close to nature.
B.Make a film about her childhood experiences.
C.Develop a passion for an adventurous lifestyle.
D．Combine nature exploration with nature conservation.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容尤其是“She began to seek an outlet...of the species and ecosystems.”可知，玛莱卡·瓦兹在青少年晚期时决定将自然探索与自然保护相结合。
√
3
4
6
7
8
2
1
5
6．What does the film Peng Yu Sai mention？(　　)
A．Vaz's home on the coast.
B．Vaz's experience of mountain climbing.
C．The history of Green Oscar.
D．The illegal hunting of mantas.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，电影Peng Yu Sai提到了蝠鲼的非法捕猎。
√
3
4
5
7
8
2
1
6
7．What really matters in protecting our planet according to Vaz？(　　)
A．The backgrounds of policy makers.
B．The influence of films.
C．The guidance from environmentalists.
D．The combined efforts of people.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The truth is that we don't need...change things within their ability.”可知，瓦兹认为，保护地球真正重要的是人们的共同努力。
√
3
4
5
6
8
2
1
7
8．Which of the following best describes Vaz？(　　)
A．Enthusiastic but careless.
B．Adventurous and insightful.
C．Knowledgeable but proud.
D．Humorous and patient.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“National Geographic explorer...was destined for adventure.”以及最后一段中的“From Vaz's perspective, real improvement in the way...from various backgrounds.”可推知，瓦兹有冒险精神和洞察力。
√
3
4
5
6
7
2
1
8
Ⅱ.七选五
Wonderful views from the mountains, breathtaking places waiting to explore, fresh air, as well as all the special health benefits, are the main rewards of mountain hiking. 1.______________________________________
____________________
1．F　解析：上文阐述了山地徒步的益处，再结合下文每段的段首句可知，本文主要阐述如何进行身体训练，为徒步做好准备。空处应强调徒步前做好身体准备很重要。F项承上启下，符合语境。
F．However, it is of great significance to get prepared physically.
You need to train your lower body muscles，anytime and anywhere.Strong legs and core muscles will improve your balance and help you hike longer.Focus on your lower body strength and on your cardiovascular (心血管的) workout. 2.________________________________
__________________ You really can train anywhere: use your backyard, living room, or bedroom to keep your body ready for the true conditions in the mountains.
2．B　解析：根据下文“You really can train anywhere...in the mountains.”可知，下文表明可以在任何地方训练，并列举了可以进行锻炼的地点，空处应表示锻炼不依赖于某些地方，B项符合语境。
B．And don't rely just on gyms or other similar areas.
You will need a stronger back.Who's going to carry your backpack 3._________________________________________________
______________________________ So we are quite sure what the true answer is.Develop back muscles with exercises like V-ups, deadlifts, diver push-ups，and exercise named “mountain climbers”： Start in a traditional plank (平板支撑) position and then bring your knee forward under your chest.You will start to feel your abs (腹肌) for sure，too.
G．In the mountains, everyone should firstly be responsible for their own essentials.
3．G　解析：根据上文“Who's going to carry your backpack？”和下文“So we are quite sure what the true answer is.”可知，空处应回答上文所提出的问题。G项能回答上文谁来背背包的问题，也解释了为什么需要锻炼背部，符合语境。
4．__________________________________________ Even Rome wasn't built in a day so give yourself the pleasure to enjoy discovering what your body is capable of! All the perfect benefits will improve your blood pressure and blood sugar levels, helping you strengthen your core, and even help you control your weight as an additional benefit. 5.________________________________________________ Just don't forget to stretch after each training.
A．Give yourself and your body time to prepare.
C．Your balance will also get better and better over time.
4．A　解析：空处为本段的主题句。根据下文“Even Rome wasn't built in a day”可知，本段阐述的是做好身体准备是需要时间的，不是一蹴而就的，A项符合语境。
5．C　解析：根据上文“All the perfect benefits will improve...help you control your weight as an additional benefit.”列举了此准备过程对身体的好处可知，空处应进一步阐述训练给身体带来的益处，C项承接上文，符合语境。
Please remember that your training for mountain hiking should be combined with real hiking. And don't miss the other clues on what to do for mountaineering training!
A．Give yourself and your body time to prepare.
B．And don't rely just on gyms or other similar areas.
C．Your balance will also get better and better over time.
D．However, there is always hidden danger in the mountains.
E．Try to combine muscle training with your indoor exercise.
F．However, it is of great significance to get prepared physically.
G．In the mountains, everyone should firstly be responsible for their own essentials.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了进行山地徒步之前有助于提高身体素质的一些策略。
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2025·长沙一中期中)Donna Urquhart is an experienced runner. She ran 1，402 kilometers over the course of 28 days in Antarctica (南极洲)，_________________ the record for the longest-ever run in a polar region.
D．setting
Urquhart spent 10 months training for the _________________， turning to some unusual training methods. A company allowed her to run in a _________________ storage unit where she ran in temperatures below zero. Besides, she ran along the beaches with uneven (凹凸不平的) surfaces that are like the _________________ ground in Antarctica. All those proved useful _________________．
C．challenge
B．refrigerated
A.varied
C．preparations
The difficulties that Urquhart faced in Antarctica were _________________： taking in about 5，000 calories each day, _________________ in a bined with the sound of _________________ winds and the continent's 24 hours of sunlight in the summer months, these were _________________ favorable to a good night's sleep. Urquhart would usually wear four layers of coats and keep _________________ her own body temperature while running.
B．tough
A.sleeping
D．wild
C．hardly
A.noticing
Urquhart launched the Run Antarctica campaign aiming to encourage more women to _________________ sport. Though still unsure about what her next running challenge will be, she has set a _________________ of raising $1.5 million for charities.
D．take up
C．target
“Confidence is a real issue for females，” says Urquhart. “And a sporting environment provides them with a great opportunity to _________________ themselves.” This served as a huge _________________ for her to take on a challenge that no other woman had attempted before. “It shows that we can push our _________________， and explore what seems impossible，” says Urquhart.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了唐娜·厄克特的南极洲跑步挑战以及她希望通过这项挑战传递的信息。
B．trust
A.inspiration
D．limits
1．A.closing B．keeping
C．missing D．setting
D　解析：根据上文“She ran 1，402 kilometers over the course of 28 days in Antarctica”及下文the record可知，她在28天里跑了1 402千米，创造(set)了纪录。
2．A.puzzle B．outcome
C．challenge D．examination
C　解析：根据上文“She ran 1，402 kilometers over the course of 28 days in Antarctica”可知，这对于她来说是一个很大的挑战(challenge)。
3．A.painted B．refrigerated
C．heated D．crowded
B　解析：根据下文“where she ran in temperatures below zero”可知，她在一家公司的零度以下的冷藏(refrigerated)储存室中跑步。
4．A.varied B．soft
C．smooth D．high
A　解析：根据上文“along the beaches with uneven surfaces”可知，她在凹凸不平的海滩跑步，海滩的表面就像南极洲各种各样的(varied)地面一样。
5．A.purposes B．messages
C．preparations D．suggestions
C　解析：根据上文“Urquhart spent 10 months training for the ______”可知，前面描述的一系列的训练都是有用的准备工作(preparation)。
6．A.new B．tough
C．interesting D．exciting
B　解析：根据下文“taking in about 5，000 calories each day，______ in a tent”可知，她每天摄入大约五千卡路里的热量，睡(sleep)在帐篷里，这是很艰难的(tough)。
7．A.sleeping B．recovering
C．harvesting D．complaining
A　解析：参见上题解析。
8．A.gentle B．slight
C．warm D．wild
D　解析：根据上文“The difficulties that Urquhart faced in Antarctica”并结合常识可知，她在南极洲，耳边是狂(wild)风的声音。
9．A.likely B．gradually
C．hardly D．really
C　解析：根据上文“the sound of ______ winds and the continent's 24 hours of sunlight in the summer months”可知，狂风的声音和南极洲夏季24小时的阳光都几乎不(hardly)利于睡个好觉。
10．A.noticing B．taking
C．decreasing D．forgetting
A　解析：根据下文“her own body temperature while running”和语境可知，她跑步时要时刻注意(notice)自己的体温。
11．A.refer to B．apply for
C．carry on D．take up
D　解析：根据上文“Urquhart launched the Run Antarctica campaign aiming to encourage more women to”可知，她发起Run Antarctica活动是为了鼓励女性开始(take up)运动。
12．A.price B．record
C．target D．rule
C　解析：根据下文“of raising $1.5 million for charities”可知，她已经设定了为慈善机构筹集150万美元的目标(target)。
13．A.support B．trust
C．prevent D．wait
B　解析：根据上文“Confidence is a real issue for females”“a sporting environment...a great opportunity to”和语境可知，自信对女性来说是一个真正的问题，而体育环境为女性提供了一个很好的机会去相信(trust)自己。
14．A.inspiration B．impression
C．symbol D．adventure
A　解析：根据下文“take on a challenge that no other woman had attempted before”可知，她因受到了鼓舞(inspiration)才接受了其他女性从未尝试过的挑战。
15．A.processes B．positions
C．schedules D．limits
D　解析：根据下文“explore what seems impossible”可知，此处指突破极限(limit)，然后探索看似不可能的事情。(共80张PPT)
UNIT 8　GREEN LIVING
[核心单词] desert　　　global　　　 solution recycle
balance bother institute firm
foundation involve profit contented
occur region survival rate
overcome determination current ordinary therefore disappear destination attitude plastic majority sum indicate annually overflow
[重点短语] do one's part for sth., take action, work through, come up with, take part (in), cut back on, to sum up, end up, as a result, make the best of
[重点句型] 1.动词不定式作表语
2．make＋宾语＋宾语补足语
3．形容词(短语)作状语
4．so that引导目的状语从句
5．even if/though引导让步状语从句
[单元语法] 1.动词-ing和动词-ed形式　2.名词活用作动词
[写作任务] 　绿色交通调查报告
plain n. 平原
mountain n. 高山
grassland n. 草地
habitat n. 栖息地
ecological balance 生态平衡
tropical rainforest 热带雨林
rare adj. 稀有的
affect vt. 影响
hunt vt.& vi. 猎杀
shoot vt. 射杀
threaten vt. 威胁
in danger 处于危险中
do harm to... 损害……
trap n. (捕捉动物的)陷阱
be cruel to... 对……残忍
die out　　　　　 灭绝
die off 相继死亡
endangered adj. (动植物)濒危的
reserve n. (野生生物)保护区
collect/raise money to support... 筹款支持……
take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事
help...return to nature 帮助……重返自然
live in harmony with nature 与自然和谐相处
reduce the carbon footprints 减少碳足迹
话题佳句
1.The rubbish will pollute the environment.It is bad for our health.So please don't throw about the rubbish.　垃圾污染环境，损害健康，所以请不要到处扔垃圾。
2．Enjoy the wilderness and return to nature.　欣赏荒野，回归自然。
3．Water is the source of life, and the tree is the root of life.　水是生命之源，树是生命之根。
4．We should plant more trees in order to live better in the future.
为了将来我们的生活过得更好，我们应该种更多的树。
Period 1　TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1
〈教材助读＋语基默写〉见分册本
精读课文 语篇理解
PART
01
第一部分
What's the main idea of the text
A．How Dr.Jane Goodall made people live a green life.
B．Roots & Shoots helps you use your life to make the world a better place for people, animals and the environment.
C．How to live in harmony with nature.
D．How serious the destruction of nature by human beings is.
√
1.Which of the following is NOT “Just-me-ism”？
A．Leave the tap running while you brush your teeth.
B．Leave a light burning when you go out.
C.Drop a piece of litter and can't be bothered to pick it up.
D．Turn off the light when you go out.
√
2．When was Roots & Shoots established
A．In the early 1980s.
B．In the late 1980s.
C．In the early 1990s.
D．In the late 1990s.
√
3．What's the purpose of Roots & Shoots
A．To educate old people.
B．To educate young people.
C．To educate middle-aged people.
D．To educate children.
√
4．What can we learn from the text
A．Every individual doesn't matter.
B．Every individual can make a difference to the world.
C．Only a few people suffer from “Just-me-ism”．
D．People can't live together in peace with nature.
√
1.The organisation is called Roots & Shoots because roots move slowly under the ground to make a firm foundation，and shoots seem small and weak，but they can break open brick walls to reach the light.(Para.3)
[分析]　本句是复合句。“The organisation is called Roots & Shoots”是_______；because引导的_______状语从句，其中and和but连接_______句。
[翻译]　这个组织取名“根与芽”，取意根部在地下缓慢延伸以形成坚实的基础，而芽看起来弱小，却可以向着光明冲破砖墙的阻挡。
主句
原因
并列
2．Dr.Jane Goodall believes that the most important thing is that：“Every individual matters.Every individual has a role to play.Every individual makes a difference.”(Para.4)
[分析]　本句是复合句。“Dr.Jane Goodall believes”是_______；第一个that引导_______从句；第二个that引导_______从句。
[翻译]　珍·古道尔博士认为，最重要的是：“每个个体都很重要。每个个体都有自己的作用。每个个体都能有所作为。”
主句
宾语
表语
Most people suffer from what is known as “Just-me-ism”.Those people don't think their actions such as leaving the tap 1. ___________(run) while they brush their teeth can have negative effects on the environment.However，all of these are very 2. ___________(harm).
running
harmful
To inspire young people to take action for the environment, animals and their community, Roots & Shoots 3. __________________(establish) in the early 1990s.The whole purpose of Roots & Shoots is 4. ___________(educate) young people to help to build a future that is secure and live together in peace 5. ________ nature.
was established
to educate
with
The organisation is called Roots & Shoots because roots move 6. ___________(slow) under the ground to make a firm foundation and 7. ____________________ shoots seem small and weak，they can break open brick walls to reach the light.The roots and shoots are you, your friends and young people all around the world.Hundreds and thousands of roots and shoots can solve the problems, change the world and make 8. ____________ a better place to live in.
slowly
although/though
it
The Roots & Shoots is all about the value and importance of each individual—human，animal or plant.As its 9. ____________(found), Dr.Jane Goodall believes：“Every individual matters.Every individual has 10. ____________ role to play.Every individual makes a difference.”
founder
a
1.How do you understand the concept “a community of a shared future”？
____________________________________________________________
2．What can we do to make our world a better place for people, animals and the environment
____________________________________________________________
答案：Open answers.
自查语基 知能落实
PART
02
第二部分
Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1．tap n.　　　 A．加仑
2．tissue n. B．碳
3．carbon n. C．以自我为中心，自我中心主义
4．just-me-ism n. D．龙头；阀门
5．gallon n. E．黑猩猩
6．chimpanzee n. F．(狗)摇(尾巴)
7．wag vi.& vt. G．纸巾
答案：1～5.DGBCA　6～7.EF
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．______________ pollution　　　　　 海洋污染
2．sandstorms and ______________ 沙尘暴和沙漠
3．use more public ______________ 使用更多的公共交通工具
4．______________ used ______________ 回收废旧电池
ocean
deserts
transport
recycle
batteries
5．______________ and ______________ 根与芽
6．a research ______________ 研究所
7．lay the ______________ of English drama
为英国戏剧奠定基础
8．break open ______________ walls 打破砖墙(的阻挡)
roots
shoots
institute
foundations
brick
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．______________ n．雾霾→smoggy adj.烟雾弥漫的
2．______________ adj.全球的，全世界的→globe n．球体；地球
3．______________ adj.工业的→industry n．工业
4．______________ n．灭绝→extinct v．灭绝
5．______________ n．解决办法→solve v．解决
smog
global
industrial
extinction
solution
6．______________ n．电→electric adj.用电的；电动的→electrical adj.与电有关的→electronic adj.电子的
7．______________ n．平衡→balanced adj.平衡的
8．______________vi.& vt.费心，麻烦→bothered adj.担心的；烦恼的
9．______________ adj.实的；稳固的→firmly adv.坚定地
10．______________ vt.参与；包含→involved adj.有关的；卷入的
electricity
balance
bother
firm
involve
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．I will __________________(尽自己所能) protecting the environment.
2．Leave a light on when you go out or you drop a piece of litter and ____________________________________(懒得捡起来).
3．To inspire young people to __________________(采取行动) for the environment, animals and their community, Roots & Shoots was established.
do my part for
can't be bothered to pick it up
take action
4．This institute was _________(建立) in the early 1990s by Dr.Jane Goodall.
5．__________________(除……以外) her research, she has been whole-heartedly committed to environmental protection.
6．The organisation is called Roots & Shoots because roots move slowly under the ground to ______________________(形成坚实的基础)，and shoots seem small and weak.
7．The roots and shoots are you，your friends and young people ________________________(世界各地).
set up
In addition to
make a firm foundation
all around the world
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．what引导宾语从句
Most people suffer from _____________________________(所谓的“就我一个”的问题).(Para.1)
2．动词不定式作表语
The whole purpose of Roots & Shoots is ____________________(教育年轻人), from pre-schoolers to university students, so they can help to build a future that is secure and live together in peace with nature.(Para.2)
what is known as “Just-me-ism”
to educate young people
3．make＋宾语＋宾语补足语
Do you think you help to ____________________________(让世界变得更美好) when you ________________________(使一个悲伤的人微笑)，when you ________________________(让一条狗摇尾巴)，and when you water a thirsty plant？(Para.4)
make the world a better place
make a sad person smile
make a dog wag its tail
创意课堂 点面突破
PART
03
第三部分
solution　n.解决，解决办法
【经典例句】
①(教材P108)The third section presents the solutions that have been taken to tackle the problems, detailing ways we can help the environment.
第三部分展示了已经采用过的解决这些问题的方法，详细说明了我们可以帮助保护环境的方法。
②(人教必修二U1)If a problem seems too difficult for a single nation, the global community can sometimes provide a solution.
如果一个问题对某一个国家来说难度太大，那么国际社会有时可提供一个解决方案。
(1)a solution to... 　 ……的一种解决方案
(2)solve v. 解决
solve a problem 解决问题
【单句语法填空/句式升级】
(1)I'm not sure whether they will find a solution _____ the problem.
(2)(2024·全国甲卷)These advancements reflect China's commitment to improving transportation infrastructure and embracing innovative ____________(solve).
(3)After the problem was solved, the student went home happily.
→________________________, the student went home happily.(with复合结构)
to
solutions
With the problem solved
balance　n.平衡；天平；余额　v．平衡；权衡
【经典例句】
①(外研必修二U3)Using only a rope, you can develop your footwork and balance.
只用一根绳子，你就能改善你的步法和平衡。
②(译林必修一U2)It can be a big headache to balance your developing mental needs too.
平衡你不断变化的心理需求可能也是一件令人头痛的事。
(1)keep/lose one's balance 保持/失去平衡
out of balance 失去平衡
keep a balance between A and B
在A和B之间保持平衡
(2)balance A against B 权衡A和B
balance A with/and B 同等重视/兼顾A和B
(3)balanced adj. 平衡的；均衡的
【单句语法填空/补全句子】
(1)It is beyond argument that having a healthy ____________(balance) diet is of great benefit to teenagers.
(2)You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside ____________ the disadvantages.
(3)I stepped on a banana skin, __________________(失去平衡) and fell flat on the ground. Passers-by saw me and helped me up immediately.读后续写之动作描写
balanced
against
lost my balance
do one's part for sth.　尽某人所能做某事
【经典例句】 Many people do their part for charity by donating money or time to support those in need.
许多人通过捐款或时间来支持需要帮助的人，从而为社会公益尽自己的一份力。
take part in　　　 参加
play a part in 在……起作用；
在……扮演角色
for one's part 就某人而言
in part＝partly 部分地；在某种程度上
【单句语法填空/词汇升级】
(1)Our car broke down, but _________ our part, the trip to Mount Tai was very wonderful.
(2)Are you going to take part _________ the sports meeting to be held in your school
(3)The accident was due partly to my own carelessness.
→The accident was due _________ to my own carelessness.
for
in
in part
bother　vi.& vt.费心，麻烦　n．烦扰；
麻烦；困难；麻烦的事；讨厌的人
【经典例句】
①(教材P31)Well, say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth, leave a light on when you go out or you drop a piece of litter and can't be bothered to pick it up.
比方说，你刷牙的时候让水龙头一直流水，外出的时候不关灯，或者你扔掉了一堆垃圾却懒得捡起来。
②However, if a student does not bother to brush her hair and her eyes are red from weeping, then I can infer that there are deeper issues at work.　然而，如果一个学生懒得梳头，并且两眼因哭泣而发红，那么我能推断出她遇到了更严重的问题。
(1)bother to do sth.　　　 费心做某事
bother doing sth. 特意做某事
bother sb.to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事
bother sb.with/about sth. 为某事打扰或
麻烦某人
why bother 没有必要吧；何苦那么麻烦
(2)bothered adj.　　　　 　　 担心的；烦恼的
can't be bothered to do sth. 懒得做某事
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)I'm sorry I have bothered you ______________ so many questions.
(2)(2024·浙江卷1月)For a few months after the “library” opened, I didn't bother _________ (take) a look, as I had assumed that it would be stuffed full of cheesy love stories.
with/about
taking
(3)——妈妈，我们今晚去看电影好吗？
——没有必要吧？我们可以待在家里上网看电影。
—Mum, shall we go and see a film tonight
—______________？We can stay at home and watch films online.
(4)即使他知道锻炼对身体有好处，他也懒得定期进行锻炼。
He __________________________________________, even though he knows it's good for his health.
Why bother
can't be bothered to exercise regularly
take action　采取行动
【经典例句】 (教材P31)To inspire young people to take action for the environment, animals and their community, Roots & Shoots was established.
为了激励年轻人采取行动来保护环境、动物和社区，“根与芽”诞生了。
(1)take action to do sth.＝take measures/steps to do sth.　采取措施做某事
(2)in action 在运转；在活动；在战斗中
out of action 失去作用，损坏，有故障
put/call/bring sth.into action
使……行动起来；
使生效；使开始工作
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)The new plan for traffic control is being put ________ action on an experimental basis.
(2)It's time we got rid of these bad habits and took action ________________ (protect) the environment.
(3)这台机器出了故障，所以我们不得不用另一台正在运转的机器。
This machine is ________________, so we have to use another one that is ________________．
into
to protect
out of action
in action
involve　vt.参与；包含
【经典例句】
①(外研必修二U3)It involves doing very slow physical exercises to relax your mind and calm your body.
它需要做非常缓慢的身体锻炼来放松你的心灵以及让你的身体平静下来。
②(译林必修三U4)I had to ask myself, “Is there some evil involved in science？”
我不得不问自己：“科学里是不是有罪恶？”
(1)involve sb.in (doing) sth.
　　 　　　 使某人参与(做)某事；
使某人牵扯到某事之中
involve doing sth. 涉及做某事；参与做某
事；包括做某事
(2)be/get involved in 参与，被卷入；专心于
involved adj. 复杂的；有关的；与……关系密切的
(3)involvement n. 参与；投入
【单句语法填空/补全句子/句式升级】
(1)I participated in the activity where my work involved ___________ (care) for the elderly and providing them with assistance and companionship.应用文写作之活动介绍
caring
(2)All the teachers and students __________________________________________________(积极参与)volunteer work, and they have learned a lot.
→_________________________________, all the teachers and students have learned a lot.(过去分词短语作状语)
→____________________________________________, all the teachers and students have learned a lot.(现在分词短语作状语)
got/were actively involved in/involved themselves actively in
Actively involved in volunteer work
Involving themselves actively in volunteer work
involved作前置定语时，意为“复杂的”；作后置定语时，意为“有关的”。
动词不定式作表语
【经典例句】
①(教材P31)The whole purpose of Roots & Shoots is to educate young people, from pre-schoolers to university students, so they can help to build a future that is secure and live together in peace with nature.
“根与芽”的目的是教育年轻人，从学龄前儿童到大学生，使他们能够为创造一个安全的未来而贡献力量并能够与自然和平共处。
②Her dearest wish is to put her new ideas into practice.
她最热切的愿望是将自己的新想法付诸实践。
(1)当主语是以aim、duty、hope、wish、idea、happiness、job、plan、problem、purpose、goal、ambition等为中心的名词或what引导的名词性从句时，动词不定式作表语对主语起补充说明的作用。主语和表语可以互换位置，其意思不变；
(2)动词不定式作表语时，如果主语中含有实义动词do(包括do的任何形式)，则作表语的动词不定式可以省去to。主语部分的谓语动词不含实义动词do的某种形式时，不定式符号to不能省略。
【单句语法填空/完成句子/句型转换】
(1)This year, his plan is ___________ (make) some reforms in the teaching method.
(2)What I would suggest is ___________ (start) work at once.
(3)他的愿望是成为一名环保主义者，保护自然环境并阻止污染。
What he wants to do is ________________________________, preserving the natural environment and preventing pollution.
(4)He hoped to get rid of the pain in what was left of his knee.
→_________________________________ in what was left of his knee.
to make
to start
(to) become an environmentalist
His hope was to get rid of the pain
make＋宾语＋宾语补足语
【经典例句】
①(教材P31)Do you think you help to make the world a better place when you make a sad person smile, when you make a dog wag its tail, and when you water a thirsty plant
当你使一个悲伤的人微笑，让一条狗摇尾巴，给一株干渴的植物浇水时，你觉得自己让世界变得更美好了吗？
②(外研必修二U5)If I can do something to make others aware of the problem, then that's part of the solution.
如果我能做点什么让其他人意识到这个问题，那就是解决办法的一部分。
在“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中，宾语通常为名词或代词，宾语补足语可以有多种形式：
(1)“make＋宾语＋形容词”意为“让……变得……”；　
(2)“make＋宾语＋名词”意为“让……成为……”；　
(3)“make＋宾语＋do”意为“让……做……”(宾语补足语与宾语之间是主动关系)；
(4)“make＋宾语＋done”意为“让……被做”(宾语补足语与宾语之间是被动关系)。
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)The music was so noisy that I had to shout to make myself _________ (hear) to carry on a conversation with my friend.
(2)长城的古老和独特使得它成为受中外游客欢迎的旅游胜地。
The antiquity and uniqueness of the Great Wall ____________________________________ for Chinese and foreign tourists.应用文写作之景点介绍
heard
make it a popular tourist attraction
(3)正是母亲的安慰和鼓励让我感受到来自家人的温暖。
It was Mother's comfort and encouragement that ____________________________________．读后续写之情感描写
made me feel the warmth from my family
“make＋宾语＋do(不带to的动词不定式)”结构变为被动时，动词不定式符号to要还原。
课堂微练 即时检验
PART
04
第四部分
Ⅰ.品句填词
1．You need to b___________ the advantages of working remotely against the lack of social interaction.
2．The test will ___________(包括) answering questions about a photograph.
3．It is my f___________ belief that only with joint efforts can we have a better tomorrow.
4．I had to learn how to use public ___________(交通运输方式) and how to ask for things I didn't know the English names for.
alance
involve
irm
transport
5．With the application of the new technology, plastic waste can be r___________ and transformed into building materials.
6．If you look at all sides of the situation, you'll probably find a ___________(解决办法) that suits everyone.
7．I know this is not quite the right word, but I can't be _________(费事) to think of a better one.
ecycled
solution
bothered
8．He went to the Sahara last year which is the biggest d__________ in the world.
9．She built her career on a ______________(基础) of hard work and dedication.
10．Bamboo's deep __________(根) symbolize determination and its straight and hollow pole represents integrity and modesty.
esert
foundation
roots
Ⅱ.词块运用
1．People in many cities are ____________________(参与) the garbage sorting, which will help protect the environment.
2．Regarded as an instructive English broadcast program, “Talk and Talk” is __________(设立) to share efficient methods of learning English with us teenagers.
getting involved in
set up
3．The conference calls on people ________________________(全世界) to take good care of the earth.
4．It is believed that the place will become a paradise if all people live ____________(和平地).
5．It's high time that we took it seriously. Don't hesitate to ____________(采取行动)!
all around the world
in peace
take action
6．We will ________________________(尽我们所能) the development of our city and try to make it one of the most livable cities in our country in the future.
7．____________(除了) the names on the list, there are six other applicants.
8．He ______________(失去平衡) and hurt himself when he went upstairs.
do our part for
In addition to
lost his balance
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示并使用本部分句式结构完成下面的小短文
We need to realize 1. _________________________(绿色生活对我们意味着什么；what引导宾语从句). Our goal is 2. ________________________(保护环境；动词不定式作表语). We can take various actions to 3. ____________________________________(让我们的世界变成一个更适合居住的地方；make＋宾语＋宾语补足语). For example, we can recycle used resources effectively. We should avoid using plastic bags 4. ________________________________________(造成“白色污染”问题；that引导定语从句) when we are shopping. Let's struggle for a green life.
what a green life means to us
to protect the environment
make our world a better place to live in
that cause the problem of “white pollution”(共42张PPT)
Period 5　WRITING WORKSHOP & OTHER PARTS
精读课文 语篇理解
PART
01
第一部分
1．Why does Sweden import waste from other European countries
A．Because it needs large amounts of garbage to produce electricity.
B．Because it wants to extract usable materials from garbage.
C．Because it needs garbage to fill the pits.
D．Because it wants to help other countries to reduce pollution.
√
2．What are made from recycled plastic by a South African company
A．Various arts and crafts.
B．Materials to build roads.
C．Bricks to build houses.
D．Schoolbags.
√
3．Which is NOT the benefit of using waste to make products in some businesses in Africa
A．Reducing the waste.
B．Creating jobs.
C．Making money.
D．Increasing population.
√
4．What is a major global problem according to the passage
A．Energy store.
B．Traffic jam.
C．Waste management.
D．Garbage classification.
√
1．How many serious environmental problems are mentioned in the passage
A．Three.　　　　　 　 B．Four.
C．Five. D．Two.
√
2．What ways are mentioned in reducing air pollution
①Walking.
②Riding a bike.
③Driving a car when absolutely necessary.
④Using public transport.
A．①② B．③④
C．①③ D．②④
√
3．Which of the following is NOT the impact of global warming
A．Sea levels are rising.
B．Plants grow more vigorously.
C．Extreme weather often happens.
D．Polar ice sheets melt.
√
4．What does the fourth R—Responsibility mean
A．People should learn to reduce pollution.
B.Government should take action to stop pollution.
C．People should take responsibility for reducing the waste they produced.
D．Everyone has duty to keep the balance between life and nature.
√
创意课堂 点面突破
PART
02
第二部分
attitude　n.看法；态度
【经典例句】 (译林必修一U1)Of equal importance are good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude.　同样重要的还有良好的学习习惯、实用的技能和积极的态度。
attitude to/towards... 对……的态度/看法
keep/have/take a(n)...attitude to/towards...
对……保持/持有/采取……的态度
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)It was his optimistic attitude ___________ life and hard work that finally led him to his successful career.
(2)如果我们有一个积极的生活态度，我们就能克服困难并为迎接更大的挑战做好准备。
____________________________________________, we can overcome the difficulty and get ready for greater challenges.读后续写之主旨升华
to/towards
If we have a positive attitude to/towards life
take part (in)　参加
【经典例句】
①(外研必修一U1)Just keep an open mind and take part in as much as possible.
要保持开放的心态，尽可能多地参与其中。
②(人教必修二U5)Any one can take part in a virtual choir from anywhere—all you need is a video camera and an Internet connection.
任何人都可以在任何地方参加虚拟合唱团——你只需要一台摄像机和互联网连接。
take an active part (in)　　 积极参加
play a part (in) 扮演角色；起作用
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)I am writing to appeal to everyone to take ____ active part in building a more beautiful school.应用文写作之倡议书
(2)Women are playing ____ more and more important part in society—they hold up half the sky.
(3)动物灭绝的原因有很多，但最重要的是人类所起的作用。
There are many reasons for animals' dying out, but the most important one is _________________________________．
an
a
the part that humans have played
cut back on　削减，缩减
【经典例句】
①(教材P40)More than two thirds (70%) had tried to cut back on the use of disposable packaging, such as plastic honey bottles, and butter and yoghurt containers.
超过三分之二(70%)的人试图减少使用一次性包装，如塑料蜂蜜瓶、黄油和酸奶容器。
②(外研必修二U6)Finning is a type of fishing where sharks are caught and their fins cut off.
捕鲨采翅是一种将鲨鱼捕获之后，割下它们的鱼鳍的捕鱼方式。
cut down　　　 砍倒；缩减；降价
cut up 切碎
cut in 插嘴；打断
cut off 切掉；隔绝；切断(供给)；中断
【用cut的相关短语填空/完成句子】
(1)It is rather impolite to ________ when other people are talking, so we should have patience and wait for an appropriate moment to voice our opinions.
(2)At that time, people who lived there kept the fire burning all winter and used sharpened stone tools to ________ the meat.
cut in
cut up
(3)Many trees are being ________, many animals are being hunted，and our environment is being destroyed. Shouldn't we take measures to make a difference？应用文写作之演讲稿
(4)由于一周的大雪，玛丽与外界隔绝，这使她感到越来越沮丧和绝望。
Due to one week's heavy snow, Mary _____________________________, which made her feel more and more frustrated and hopeless.
读后续写之心理描写
cut down
was cut off from the outside world
majority　n.大多数
【经典例句】 (译林必修三U3)No wonder the Internet has now become the first place that the majority of people turn to for information.
难怪互联网现在已经成为大多数人查找信息的首选途径。
(1)the/a majority of... 大多数……
be in the/a majority 占大部分/大多数
(2)major adj. 主要的；重要的
v. 主修；专门研究
n. 主修科目，专业
major in... 主修……；以……为专业
【单句语法填空/完成句子/词汇升级】
(1)However, the majority of people _____(be) effective speakers because they train to be.
(2)As a matter of fact, he inspired me to major _____ English in college, to be a bridge between China and the world.
are
in
(3)一般来说，如果你查看一场古典音乐会的观众，你会发现超过五十岁的人占大多数。
Generally speaking, if you look at the audience at a classical concert, you will find that people over the age of fifty ____________________．
(4)A recent survey suggests that many students tend to learn English by listening to English songs.
→A recent survey suggests that _______________ students tend to learn English by listening to English songs.应用文写作之语言学习
are in the/a majority
the majority of
to sum up　总之
【经典例句】 (教材P40)To sum up, it seems that almost all who took part understood the need to help take care of the environment.
总之，似乎几乎所有参与的人都明白帮助保护环境的必要性。
(1)sum up　　　　　　　 总结，概括
a large sum of 大量的
in sum＝in summary 简而言之；总的来说
(2)summary n. 总结；概括
summarize v. 总结；概括
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)Let me sum ____ last lesson；after that we'll take up a new lesson.
(2)He makes it a rule to give a ____________(sum) report of the day's events.
(3)总之，理论必须与实践相结合。
_________________________，theory must be combined with practice.
应用文写作之演讲稿
up
summary
To sum up/In sum/In summary
indicate　vt.表明；显示
【经典例句】
①(人教必修三U5)This implied meaning often indicates people's feelings, attitudes, or motives.
这种隐含的意思往往会表明人们的情感、态度或动机。
②There are already facts and statistics indicating they bring about negative impacts on teenagers.
已经有事实和数据表明它们给青少年带来了负面影响。
(1)indicate sth. (to sb.)　　 (向某人)指示/指出某事
as is indicated in... 正如……所示
(2)indication n. 指示；表明
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)The headmaster took out a map and indicated the quickest route _______ us.
(2)The black clouds are gathering, ______________(indicate) that it is going to rain soon.
(3)正如图画所显示，一个男孩正坐在桌边专心读书。
____________________________, a boy is sitting at the table, absorbed in reading.
to
indicating
As is indicated in the picture
make the best of　充分利用
【经典例句】 (教材P43)They're also setting a great example for others about how to make the best of a bad situation.
他们还在为他人树立一个如何充分利用不利情况的榜样。
make the most of　　　　 充分利用
make full/good use of 充分/好好利用
【单句语法填空/完成句子/句型转换】
(1)If you want to improve your working efficiency, you must make the most _____ your time.
(2)他们决心充分发挥自己的才能并实现他们的目标。
They are determined to ________________________________________
______________ and achieve their goals.
(3)The students are making good use of every minute to prepare for the coming exam.
→__________________________________ by the students to prepare for the coming exam.(被动句)
of
make the most/the best/full use/good use of their
Every minute is being made good use of
talents
even if/though引导让步状语从句
【经典例句】
①(教材P43)Even though the nation produces around four and a half million tonnes of household waste each year，less than 1% of that waste ends up in landfills.
尽管该国每年产生约450万吨家庭垃圾，但只有不到1%的垃圾最终进入了垃圾填埋场。
②(人教必修一U3)I always wanted to look like the slim girls on TV even though I knew that it was impossible.
我总是想让自己看起来像电视上的那些苗条女孩一样，即使我知道这是不可能的。
even if/though意为“即使、虽然”，引导让步状语从句，其用法如下：
(1)从句谓语动词用一般现在时表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态；
(2)当主句和从句主语相同或从句主语为it，且从句谓语动词含有be动词时，从句可省略主语和be动词。
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)The athlete will keep training even if he _______(face) numerous difficulties.
(2)He won't come to our party even if _________(invite).
(3)尽管他很忙，他还是愿意帮我们。
He is willing to help us ____________________________．
应用文写作之人物介绍
faces
invited
even if/though he is very busy
课堂微练 即时检验
PART
03
第三部分
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．To sum _____, there are three main ways of tackling the problem.
2．We already know who's got the job but we haven't been informed __________(official) yet.　
3．World Consumer Rights Day is celebrated __________(annual) by consumer organisations worldwide.
4．I always want to keep up with others in studies even __________ I face many difficulties.
up
officially
annually
if/though
5．All in all, my mom has influenced me greatly with her strong character and positive attitude __________ life.
6．I feel that the __________(major) of these dogs are possibly in the wrong hands.
7．He __________ that he would support me，but all the __________ were that he actually supported another person.(indicate)
to/towards
majority
indicated
indications
8．It would be a good idea to use a plastic bottle, with its top cut _____, as a container to grow young plants in.
9．He walked over to an open trash bin, turned the __________(contain) upside down, and dumped the contents inside.
10．More garbage cans are needed in our neighbourhood, in which case __________(resident) can throw garbage more conveniently.
off
container
residents
Ⅱ.词块运用
1．(2024·全国甲卷)Students who do not wish to __________(参加) the event for religious or other reasons should inform their teacher.
2．After the extremely powerful earthquake, the electricity and water supply of the area was __________(切断).
3．__________(结果), people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.
4．Encourage your child in their interests and hobbies _______________(即使) they're things that you know little about.
take part in
cut off
As a result
even if/though
5．__________(总之)，we've got to pay more attention to cost control.
6．The air pollution will be a serious problem unless we __________(采取行动) to solve it.
7．The happiest people don't necessarily have the best of everything; they just _______________(充分利用) everything that comes along their way.
8．__________(除……外) what you have mentioned above, do you have any alternative plan
To sum up
take action
make the best of
Apart from
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．他的那些信表明他爱他的儿子，并为他感到骄傲。
His letters ____________________________ and takes pride in him.
2．为了给他的国家赢得荣誉，他即使在比赛中受伤也没有放弃。(even if/though)
To win an honour for his country, he didn't give up ____________________________________．
indicate that he loves his son
even if/though he got injured in the race
3．如果你想记住所有内容，最终反而会什么也记不住。
If you try to remember everything, you will ________________________．
4．如果你充分利用现代设备，产量就会提高。
If you ____________________________________，there will be a rise in production.
end up remembering nothing
make the best of the modern equipment(共71张PPT)
Period 3　LESSON 2 & LESSON 3
〈教材助读＋语基默写〉见分册本
精读课文 语篇理解
PART
01
第一部分
What does the passage mainly talk about
A．The idea of “white bikes”．
B．Free public transport.
C.The development of “white bikes” in Amsterdam and its influence in the world, especially in China.
D．The background of “white bikes”．
√
1.Why can people enjoy free cycling in Amsterdam
A．Because the city is flat.
B．Because there are many parking lots.
C．Because “white bikes” are available.
D．Because there are many cycling fans.
√
2．Why are bicycles used in Amsterdam
①To save energy.
②To sell more bicycles.
③To provide free public transport.
④To reduce pollution.
A．①③④　 B．①②③
C．②③④ D．①④
√
3．Why did the free use of bicycles fail in the 1960s
A．Because of their bright colours.
B．Because of poor management.
C．Because of people's disagreement.
D．Because of inconvenience of parking.
√
4．What is the last paragraph about
A．The current situation and future of shared bikes in China.
B．The problem of shared bikes.
C．The benefits of shared bikes.
D．The master of shared bikes.
√
Amsterdam is a city where people enjoy 1. _______________(cycle) because it's flat.Cycling fans in Amsterdam first had the idea of “white bikes” in the 1960s.They painted hundreds 2. __________ bikes white and left them around the city centre for anybody to use because they were 3. _______________(hope) that this would help to save energy, reduce pollution and provide free public transport. 4. _______________(fortunate), in a matter of weeks, the “white bikes”
cycling
of
hopeful
Unfortunately
all 5. _______________(disappear). In 1999, the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time with some hightech security measures, for example, 6. _______computer tracking system. Now bike-sharing 7. _______________(programme) like “white bikes” have become popular all around the world, including China, 8. _______________ more and more people use shared bikes in cities.But problems do sometimes develop, like the stealing of bikes and 9. _______________(park) issues.However, people are trying different ways 10. _______________(find) solutions to those problems.
disappeared
a
programmes
where
parking
to find
自查语基 知能落实
PART
02
第二部分
Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1．union n.　　　 A．墓碑
2．quote n. B．骑
3．headstone n. C．引文，引用(的话)
4．pedal vi. & vt. D．联合会
答案：1～4.DCAB
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．look at the ____________　　 看海报
2．a ____________ company 一家盈利公司
3．in the ____________ 在此地区
4．a ____________ chance 机会渺茫
5．the ________ of inflation 通货膨胀率
6．____________ such a great personal loss
克服如此巨大的个人损失
poster
profit
region
slim
rate
overcome
7．so-called “____________ people”
所谓的“普通人”
8．cause ____________ problems
引起车辆停放问题
9．____________ convenient for bikes
因此便于骑行
10．have a bicycle ____________
有一条自行车道
11．near their ____________ 他们的目的地附近
ordinary
parking
therefore
path
destination
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．___________ n．创办人，创始者→found v．创办；成立
2．___________ n．组织者，安排者→organise v．组织；安排→organisation n．组织；安排→organised adj.有条理的
3．___________ adj.满意的；满足的→content adj.满足的v.使满足n.内容；目录
4．___________ vi.发生→occurrence n．发生；事件
5．___________ n．农业→agricultural adj.农业的
founder
organiser
contented
occur
agriculture
6．___________n．建议，提议→propose v．建议，提议
7．___________ n．继续生存，幸存→survive v.继续生存，幸存，幸免于；比……活得长→survivor n．幸存者
8．_______________ n．决心；毅力→determine v.决定→determined adj.坚定的；坚决的
9．___________ adj.当前的，现时的→currently adv.当前地，现时地
10．_________ vi.消失，不见→disappearance n．消失，不见；灭绝→(反义词)appear v．出现→appearance n．出现，露面；外貌，外观
11．___________ n．跟踪→track v．跟踪n.踪迹
proposal
survival
determination
current
disappear
tracking
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．What does NPO ______________(代表)
2．So Yi Jiefang decided to make her son's dream ________________(梦想成真)，and NPO-Greenlife was born.
3．________________(关注) the general meaning.
4．How did Ms Yi Jiefang ________________(调整情绪) her sadness after her son's death
stand for
come true
Focus on
work through
5．There are also ________________(大量的) places for bicycle parking and most streets in the city centre have a bicycle path.
6．Because of its convenience for bicycles, Amsterdam has ____________ very ________________(受……欢迎) cyclists.
7．Our group ________________(想出了) a creative approach to complete the project ahead of schedule.
8．Thieves stole them all in ______________(大约) weeks!
9．Try to ________________(记下) what you have learnt.
plenty of
become
popular with
came up with
a matter of
keep a record of
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．形容词(短语)作状语
______________(无论是活着还是倒下), you served a purpose.
Alive or fallen
2．so that引导目的状语从句
People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey, _____________________________________________________
(以便其他人能从那里继续使用).(Para.2)
[分析]　此句中还含有where 引导的______从句。
3．动词不定式作目的状语
__________________(要使用自行车), you had to put in a special card.(Para.3)
so that someone else could then take it and use it from there
定语
To take a bicycle
创意课堂 点面突破
PART
03
第三部分
contented　adj.满意的；满足的
【经典例句】 I like the style of his writing but don't like the content.
我喜欢他的写作风格，但不喜欢其内容。
(1)content n.　 　 　 内容；所含之物；[pl.]目录；主题；满意(足)
adj. 满意(足)的
vt. (使)满意(足)
with content　　　　 满意地
to one's heart's content 尽情地
(2)feel/be content with... 对……满意/满足
be content to do sth. 满足于/愿意做某事
(3)content oneself with... 使自己满足于……
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
(1)She was content ____________(stay) in her small town, raising her children peacefully.
(2)With a smile on his face, he nodded to me ____________ content.
(3)老师对我们的项目很满意，因此我们得了一个好分数。
→The teacher ________________________ our project，so we got an excellent grade. (content v．)
→The teacher ________________________ our project，so we got an excellent grade. (content adj.)
to stay
with
contented himself with
felt/was content with
occur　vi.发生；出现
【经典例句】
①(外研必修三U6)Experts say this bad weather has occurred due to climate change.
专家称，这种恶劣天气是由气候变化导致的。
②(译林必修三U2)It immediately occurred to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami.
她立刻意识到这是海啸来临的征兆。
(1)sth.occurs/occurred to sb.
　　　 　 　 某事浮现在某人的脑海中；
某人想到某事
(2)It occurs/occurred to sb.that...
某人突然想到……
It occurs/occurred to sb. to do...
某人想到要做……
(3)occurrence n. 发生，出现；发生的事情；存在的事物
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)(人教必修三U3)What a city—a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that ____________(occur) in 1906.
(2)It occurred to me ____________(attend) an important meeting when I was about to go home.
occurred
to attend
(3)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ读后续写)我感到非常沮丧和抱歉，尴尬的笑容悄悄地浮现在我的脸上。然后我想到了一个主意。
I felt so depressed and sorry, an embarrassed smile creeping into my face. Then ________________________．读后续写之情绪描写
(4)我突然想到，帮助别人是无价的，每个人都应该是一个救生员。
________________________ helping others was priceless and everyone should be a lifeguard.读后续写之主旨升华
an idea occurred to me
It occurred to me that
survival　n.继续生存，幸存
【经典例句】
①(译林必修三U4)Thanks to her discovery of qinghaosu, malaria patients all over the world now have had a greatly increased chance of survival.
多亏她发现了青蒿素，现在世界各地的疟疾患者存活的概率大大增加。
②(人教必修一U4)It's looking for the people who survived the earthquake.
它正在寻找地震中幸存的人。
(1)survive vi.　　 生存；存活
vt. 幸存；艰难度过
survive on... 依靠……生存下来
survive sth. 幸免于；从……中
挺过来/活过来
survive sb. by... 比某人多活……
(2)survivor n. 幸存者；生还者
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)Those people trapped in the disaster area greatly need fresh food and water for ____________(survive).
(2)Rowling had spent years surviving ____________ little money, spending all her time writing.
(3)We will do everything in our power to help those ____________(survive) in the tornado.
(4)那些在地震中幸存下来的人将永远不会忘记他们可怕的经历。
People who ________________________ will remember their terrible experiences forever.
survival
on
survivors
survived the earthquake
survive本身已表示“幸存、幸免于难”，因而不可在其宾语前加多余的介词in或from。
overcome　vt.克服(困难)；控制(感情)
【经典例句】 (教材P109)I have complete respect for her and admire her strength in overcoming such a great personal loss.
我完全尊重她，并钦佩她克服如此巨大的个人损失的勇气。
overcome sth.　　　 　 克服某事/物
be overcome by/with 为……所压倒/制服
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)The night before the match I was overcome ____________ fear and despair.
读后续写之心理描写
(2)(2024·浙江卷1月)She also learned a valuable lesson: sometimes, the only way ____________(overcome) a challenge is to break it into smaller, more manageable parts.
(3)甚至到今天，每当我想到那个已故的科学家，我仍会悲痛万分。
Even today, I _____________________________ whenever I think of the late scientist.
by/with
to overcome
am overcome by/with sorrow
determination　n.决心；毅力
【经典例句】
①(人教必修三U4)However, scientists were determined to realise that dream.
然而，科学家们下定决心要实现这一梦想。
②(译林必修二U4)The first step is to determine some of its significant qualities.
第一步是确定它的一些重要特质。
(1)determine v.　 　 查明；确定；决定
determine to do sth. 决定做某事(表示动作)
determine on/upon (doing) sth.
决定(做)某事
(2)determined adj. 坚决的；有决心的；
意志坚定的
be determined to do sth.
决心做某事(表示状态)
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
(1)It is the astronaut's _______________(determine) and patience that have enabled him to achieve a series of goals.
(2)We determined _______________(work) twice as hard as before to make up for the lost time.
determination
to work
(3)拿着奖杯，我对老师报以感激的微笑，决心比以前更加努力地练习写作。
→With the trophy in my hand，I cast a grateful smile to my teacher and ______________________________________________________．
→With the trophy in my hand，I cast a grateful smile to my teacher and ______________________________________________________．
→With the trophy in my hand，I cast a grateful smile to my teacher and _______________________________________________________．
读后续写之动作描写
was determined to practise writing even harder than before
determined to practise writing even harder than before
determined on/upon practising writing even harder than before
work through　调整(情绪)；解决(难题)
【经典例句】
I regretted his departure, but he was obviously under enormous stress and he needed time to work through his problems.
我对他的离开感到遗憾，但他显然承受着巨大的压力，需要时间来解决他的问题。
(1)work on　　 影响，对……起作用；继续工作；
从事于……；设法说服
work for 效劳；为……效力
work/serve as　 担任；以……身份工作
work at 从事于……；致力于……
(2)work out 锻炼；计算出；解决；制定；
成功；进展顺利；想出
out of work 无工作/失业；(机器)有毛病
【单句语法填空/同义替换/完成句子】
(1)The team is working _______ developing a new product that will revolutionize the industry.
(2)I take exercise every morning to keep myself energetic throughout the day.
→I ______________ every morning to keep myself energetic throughout the day.
(3)玛丽的手机坏了好几天了，这给她带来了很多不便。
Mary's cell phone _____________________ for several days，which brought her a lot of inconvenience.
on
work out
has been out of work
come up with　想出，想到
【经典例句】 (外研必修三U3)Some have even questioned the story about the apple that fell on Newton's head and led him to come up with his theory of gravity.
一些科学家甚至质疑过牛顿的故事：一个苹果掉落在牛顿的头上，促使他提出了万有引力定律。
catch up with　　　 追上；赶上
put up with 忍受；容忍
break up with... 与……分手
keep up with 跟上；了解(消息、形势等)
end up with... 以……结束
make up with... 与……和好
【补全句子/完成句子】
(1)He finally ________________________________________________
(想出这道数学题的答案) after trying for an hour.
(2)He was walking at a very quick pace and I had to jog ________________________(来跟上他)．
(3)尽管有许多挫折，她忍受了所有困难，勇敢地继续前行，从不让失败阻碍自己。
Despite the many setbacks, she ______________________________ and kept moving forward bravely, never allowing failures to hold her back.
came up with the answer to the math problem
to keep up with him
put up with all the difficulties
disappear　vi.消失，不见
【经典例句】
①(教材P37)Soon after, however, problems came up and the “white bikes” all disappeared—thieves stole them all in a matter of weeks!
然而不久就出了问题，“白色自行车”全都消失了——小偷在大约几周内就偷光了所有的车！
②(人教必修二U2)To our left, snow-covered mountains disappear into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch.
在我们的左边，白雪皑皑的群山消失在似乎触手可及的云层中。
(1)disappear from　　 从……处消失
(2)disappearance n. 消失；灭绝
appear vi. 出现；似乎
appearance n. 外貌，外观；出现，露面
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)Police are looking into the ______________(disappear) of two gold necklaces.
(2)His ______________(appear) was different from when he was in high school.
(3)David watched her car until it ______________(disappear) from view.
(4)狗的突然出现吓跑了小偷。
______________________terrified the thief away.读后续写之动作描写
disappearance
appearance
disappeared
The dog's sudden appearance
形容词(短语)作状语
【经典例句】
①(教材P35)Alive or fallen, you served a purpose.
无论是活着还是倒下，你都有用。
②Frightened by the noise outside, Sue dared not sleep in her bedroom.
苏受到外面噪音的惊吓，不敢在卧室里睡觉了。
(1)形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句中或句末，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开；
(2)形容词作状语与副词作状语的区别：形容词作状语表示主语的状态；副词作状语通常修饰动词或整个句子。
【单句语法填空/完成句子/句式升级】
(1)When it was his turn to deliver his speech, he walked towards the microphone, nervous and ______________(embarrass).读后续写之心理描写
(2)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)With just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station. ______________(thankful), there was a long queue (队列) still waiting to board the bus.
embarrassed
Thankfully
(3)他不能控制自己的感情，双手掩面，大哭起来。
____________________________, he buried his face in his hands and burst into tears.读后续写之情绪描写
(4)I was too worried and helpless，so I have no alternative but to turn to you for help.
→____________________________, I have no alternative but to turn to you for help.[形容词(短语)作状语]
Unable to control his emotions
Too worried and helpless
so that引导目的状语从句
【经典例句】
①(教材P36)People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey，so that someone else could then take it and use it from there.
人们在行程结束时就地停放自行车，以便其他人能从那里继续使用。
②(外研必修三U1)Stop for a moment and consider that perhaps your friend wants some frank comments from you so that they can improve.
停下来思考一下，或许你的朋友想要从你那里得到一些诚恳的意见，以便他们能够改进。
(1)so that引导目的状语从句时，意为“以便、为了”。此时，从句谓语常含有should、would、could、might、can等情态动词。其同义短语in order that也引导目的状语从句，但so that一般不置于句首，而in order that可置于句首；
(2)当so that/in order that引导的从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，可将从句转化为不定式或“in order to/so as to” 结构。注意：so as to不能放在句首，而in order to可以放在句首；
(3)so that 除了引导目的状语从句外，还可以引导结果状语从句，意为“因此、所以”。
【写出下列句中so that引导的从句类型/一句多译】
(1)When composing music at the piano, he would put one end of a pencil in his mouth and place the other end against the instrument so that he could feel the notes. ________________
(2)(译林必修二U1)They have worked for months and even years so that you can have two hours of enjoyment！________________
目的状语从句
结果状语从句
(3)他提前预订了酒店，以便在旅行期间有一个舒适的住处。
→He booked the hotel in advance ________________________________________________________________．
→He booked the hotel in advance ________________________________________________________．
so that/in order that he could have a comfortable place to stay during the trip
in order to/so as to have a comfortable place to stay during the trip
要义详析 探究语法
PART
04
第四部分
名词活用作动词

(1)①(教材P36)The group painted hundreds of bicycles white and placed them in many areas around Amsterdam for people to use.
这群人将数百辆自行车涂成白色并将它们放置在阿姆斯特丹的许多地方供人们使用。
②(教材P39)I need a can of red paint.
我需要一罐红漆。
(2)①(教材P37)In 1999, the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time with a computer tracking system to record their every move!
1999年，“白色自行车”回到了阿姆斯特丹——这次自行车安装了计算机跟踪系统以记录它们的“一举一动”！
②(教材P39)Try to keep a record of what you have learnt.
试着把你学过的东西记下来。
(3)①(教材P37)Nowadays, the idea of “white bikes”has pedalled its way around the world and there has been a global increase in bike-sharing.
如今，“白色自行车”的概念已经在世界范围内广泛传播，全球的共享单车也在增加。
②(教材P39)Both pedals of my bicycle were broken.
我自行车的两个踏板都坏了。
在英文中，有许多“名词活用作动词”的现象。或者说，这些单词本身就有动词的意思，只是我们在学习这些单词的时候通常只接触了其名词的意思。
熟练掌握这种名词和动词之间的转换具有非常重要的意义，对我们英语水平的提高也至关重要。它的主要作用体现在：
1．让语言更加简洁
在表达“我坐公共汽车去上班”时，你可以说“I take a bus to work.”，也可以说“I bus to work.”。
bus作动词时既包含了乘坐这个动作，又包含了所乘坐的交通工具，所以可以帮助省略不必要的take，让表达更加简洁明了。
2．使语言更加生动
例如corner这个单词，作名词时意为“角落、墙角”，作动词时意为“转弯、垄断、使为难”。
再如单词entrance，作名词时意为“入口”，但当它作动词时意为“使着迷、使出神”。名词活用作动词时，可以使英文的语句更加具有画面感。
3．使语言更加地道
在表达“他著有两本畅销小说”时，你可以说“He has written two bestselling novels.”，但这里的write让人感觉只是“写”，而没有“著”，显得不够书面，不够地道。如果用authored来取代written就可以准确表达此意。
英文单词中名词活用作动词的情形远远不止以上的例子。比如还有一组植物的名词，像flower、weed、plant、seed等都可以作动词使用，分别是“开花/成熟、除草、种植、在(地里)播种”的意思。
课堂微练 即时检验
PART
05
第五部分
Ⅰ.品句填词
1．I saw them making their way, hand in hand, down the ________(小径).
2．The _____________(意志坚定的) expression on his face suggested that he wouldn't give in.
3．Her nervousness quickly d_____________ once she was on stage.
4．A lot of small companies have to fight for _____________(生存).
path
determined
isappeared
survival
5．Though those seeds are expensive，the companies tell farmers that they will make good p_____________．
6．It rained and _____________(因此) the football match was postponed.
7．Our luggage was checked all the way through to our final _____________(目的地).
8．She hadn't read the letter and so was unaware of its c_____________．
rofits
therefore
destination
ontents
9．When I encounter problems in English learning, my teacher listens to me patiently and explains them carefully, helping me o_____________ the difficulties.
10．The fifth event, which _____________(发生) 66 million years ago, caused the death of the dinosaurs.
vercome
occurred
Ⅱ.词块运用
1．Just keep _____________(锻炼), and you'll see results in a few weeks.
2．Louise's dream of finding the rescuers _____________(梦想成真) and she hoped to stay connected forever.
3．Your paintings works must _____________(关注) wonderful landscapes, unique customs, or excellent cultural heritage of China.
4．It said that the letters in the word “tip” _____________(代表) “To Insure Promptness”．
working out
came true
focus on
stand for
5．I don't know who _____________(提出) this idea, but it seems like a brilliant one.
6．As I looked at his face, something _____________(突然想到……) me. Those brown eyes were very familiar.
7．Despite not winning the competition, she _______________(对……满足) her performance.
8．I have __________________________(决定) going to the countryside after graduation.
came up with
occurred to
is content with
determined on/upon

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