资源简介

(共81张PPT)
UNIT 1 RELATIONSHIPS
Period 3 LESSON 2 & LESSON 3
1
精读课文 语篇理解
2
自查语基 知能落实
3
创意课堂 点面突破
4
课堂微练 即时检验
&1& 〈教材助读+语基默写〉见分册本
PART
01
精读课文 语篇理解
What is the main idea of the passage ( )
A.The negative impacts of social networking on people's lives.
B.The convenience of social networking in communication.
C.People's dilemma in using social network.
D.The popularity of social networking among young people.
√
1.What is Mark busy doing with his phone and laptop ( )
A.Posting updates.
B.Watching TV.
C.Reading his emails and answering text messages.
D.Spending most time on social media.
√
2.Why does Mark feel lonely ( )
A.Spending most time on social media， he can't focus on real life.
B.He hasn't made many friends on social media.
C.In real life， he has no good friends.
D.He doesn't attend parties or play sports.
3.What's the main idea of paragraph 4 ( )
A.He has no time to do his homework.
B.Mark's friends try to drag him away from his phone.
C.Mark's life is in the control of social networking in so many ways.
D.Mark chases after the next song rather than truly enjoying it.
√
√
4.What's the meaning of “go cold turkey” in the paragraph 7？( )
A.Eat cold turkey.
B.Stop doing something completely.
C.Be addicted to social networking.
D.Miss appointments or invitations.
√
I have a never-ending flow of messages and 1.________（update） from all the people I associate with online， but I feel lonely. On the surface， I have an active 2.______（society） life. In 3._______（real）， my mind is always a million miles away. Social networking dominates my life in so many ways. I'm so addicted 4.___ it that my friends have to drag me away from my phone. But as soon as I'm alone again， I'm desperate 5._______
updates
social
reality
to
to get
（get） back to the online world. Spending so much time socialising online， I keep 6._________（delay） things in my real life. So I 7.__________（constant） feel 8.__________（depress）， dissatisfied
and alone. 9.______ is really worrying is that we can't go without social networking. We're hard-wired in， 10.____ we're more disconnected than ever.
delaying
constantly
depressed
What
but
PART
02
自查语基 知能落实
Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
A.主宰，支配，控制 B.上下滚动 C.紧张的，激烈的；剧烈的 D.唠叨，喋喋不休 E.硬件控制的；天生的 F.令人惊奇的，异乎寻常的 G.反馈意见 H.使迷恋 I.联网的；极其兴奋的
1.feedback n.
答案：G
2.wired adj.
答案：I
3.obsess vt.
答案：H
4.dominate vi.& vt.
答案：A
5.scroll vi.
答案：B
6.intense adj.
答案：C
7.chatter vi.
答案：D
8.extraordinary adj.
答案：F
9.hard-wired adj.
答案：E
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1._______ the problem properly 恰当地处理问题
2.be ______ about the test result 对考试结果感到不安
3.______ a question at the meeting 在会上提出一个问题
4._________ the key words 标出关键词
5.in a friendly ________ 以一种友好的方式
6.improve traffic _____ 改善交通流
7.a ________ miles away 一百万英里之外
handle
upset
raise
highlight
manner
flow
million
8.some of my oldest ______ 我的一些老朋友
9.meet the _________ 赶上最后期限
10.______ one's dream 追求梦想
11.______ the meeting 会议延期
12.lie flat and ______ the knees 平躺屈膝
mates
deadline
chase
delay
bend
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的派生词
1.__________ n．偏爱，偏好→prefer v．更喜欢；宁可
2._________ adj.羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的→shame n．羞耻；羞愧感→shameful adj.可耻的；丢脸的
3._________ n．意图，目的；打算→intend v．意图；打算
4.___________ adj.要求严格的；费力的→demand v．要求 n．需求，要求
5._________ adj.有效的→effect n．影响；效果 v.使发生；实现；引起
preference
ashamed
intention
demanding
effective
6._________ adj.敏感的；善解人意的→sense n．意义；感官（即视、听、嗅、味、触五觉）；感觉→sensible adj.明智的；敏感的
7.__________ adv.持续不断地→constant adj.持续不断的
8._________ vt.与某人交往→associated adj.有联系的；相关的→association n.联系；协会；社团
9._______ adv.几乎不→bare adj.（树木）光秃秃的；仅够的；最基本的
10._________ adj.含蓄的；内敛的→reserve v.预订；保留 n.保护区
sensitive
constantly
associate
barely
reserved
11.__________ adj.心神不定的，精神无法集中的→distract v．转移；分散；使分心
12._______ n．现实；真实→real adj.真实的；真正的→really adv.真正地；确实
13.___________ n.刺激→stimulate vt.刺激；鼓舞，激励
14._________ adj.拼命的；绝望的→desperately adv.绝望地；拼命地；不顾一切地；非常；极其
15.__________ adj.沮丧的，忧愁的→depression n.沮丧→depress v.使沮丧；使萧条
distracted
reality
stimulation
desperate
depressed
16._____ adj.无礼的→rudely adv.无礼地→rudeness n．粗野，无礼；粗陋
17._________ vi.& vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚→complaint n．抱怨；不满
18.____________ n．约定；约会→appoint v．任命，委任；安排；约定→appointed adj.（时间）指定的，约定的
19._________ n．酗酒者，嗜酒成瘾者 adj.（含）酒精的→alcohol n．酒精
rude
complain
appointment
alcoholic
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据课文语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1.Mark never stops _______________（与……交往） his friends online.
2.I have a never-ending flow of messages and updates from all the people I ______________（与某人交往） online.
3.______________（表面上）, I have an active social life.
4.__________（事实上）, my mind is always a million miles away.
5.I ___________（对……过分担心） exactly how many followers I have on my account.
socialising with
associate with
On the surface
In reality
obsess over
6.The stimulation is in _____________（追逐） the next song ___________（而不是） truly enjoying it.
chasing after
rather than
7.My friends try to _____ me ______（把……拽走） from my phone, but as soon as I'm alone again, I _______________（渴望……） get back to the online world.
drag
away
am desperate to
8.I keep delaying things that are important in my real life: homework, tasks, _______________（与……联系） my friends and family members in a meaningful way.
connecting with
9.It's funny that my friends and I ____________（喋喋不休） online so much.
chatter away
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1.否定词与比较级连用表示最高级含义
But he's also ____________________（从未感到如此孤独）.
never felt more alone
2.the+序数词（+名词）+to do sth.
If you're one of my 500 friends online, you'll always be ________________（第一个知道的）.（Para.1）
the first to know
3.as soon as引导时间状语从句
________________________________________（早上一睁开眼）， I check through all my social networking apps， read my emails and answer text messages.（Para.1）
As soon as I open my eyes in the morning
4.否定词置于句首引起部分倒装
____________________________（她一次也没有抬起头） to enjoy the view outside her window.（Para.6）
Not once did she lift her head
PART
03
创意课堂 点面突破
1 preference n.偏爱，偏好；喜爱
【经典例句】
①（人教选必一U2）Your home will also learn your daily routine and preferences， so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening.
你的家也将会了解你的日常习惯和偏好，所以当你每天晚上回家时，一切都将会为你准备好。
②（2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ满分作文）If you have a preference for this program， let's meet in the radio interview room on the fourth floor.
如果你更喜欢这个节目，让我们在四楼的电台采访室见面吧。
（1）have a preference for... 偏爱……；更喜欢……
（2）prefer vt. 更喜欢；宁愿
prefer to do/doing... 宁愿做……
prefer （doing） A to （doing） B 与（做）B相比更喜欢（做）A
prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A也不愿做B
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
（1）She prefers _____________（take） public transportation to work, as it's more environmentally friendly.
（2）Given a choice, I prefer summer ___ winter because of the warm weather.
to take/taking
to
（3）现在有些孩子宁愿在家上网也不愿到户外锻炼。
→Nowadays some children ____________________________________
______________________________.
→Nowadays some children ____________________________________
_____________________.
prefer to surf the Internet at home rather than take exercise outdoors
prefer surfing the Internet at home to taking exercise outdoors
2 upset adj.烦恼的,心烦意乱的 vt.使生气,使心烦意乱
【经典例句】
①Upset and helpless， I stood silently， tears streaming down my cheeks.
既沮丧又无助，我默默地站着，泪水顺着脸颊流下来。［读后续写之情绪描写］
②It upset him that nobody had bothered to tell him about it.
让他不高兴的是，谁也没把这件事告诉他。
（1）be upset about/at/over sth.
为某事感到心烦/难过/不安
be upset to do sth. 对做某事感到难过/不安
（2）What upsets sb.is... 让某人心烦的是……
It upsets sb.to do sth. 做某事让某人心烦
It upsets sb.that... 让某人心烦的是……
【单句语法填空/完成句子/句式升级】
（1）She was upset _________（know） that her application for the position was turned down.
to know
（2）听说你对即将到来的期末考试感到不安，我写信给你一些建议。
________________________________________________________________________， I am writing to give you some suggestions.［应用文写作之建议信］
Hearing that you are upset about/at/over the coming final examination
（3）I am upset that I don't know how to deal with the conflict between my classmates, so I want to seek some advice on how to handle it properly.
→______________________ I don't know how to deal with the conflict between my classmates, so I want to seek some advice on how to handle it properly.（what引导主语从句）
→________________ I don't know how to deal with the conflict between my classmates, so I want to seek some advice on how to handle it properly.（it作形式主语）［应用文写作之求助信］
What upsets me is that
It upsets me that
（1）upset充当形容词时，常用作表语，不能作定语；
（2）upset的过去式和过去分词形式仍为upset,其现在分词形式为upsetting。
3 ashamed adj.羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的
【经典例句】
①（人教选必一U4）They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed or ashamed.
他们也会用手掩面，好像很尴尬或羞愧。
②She lowered her head， feeling ashamed of the way that she behaved at the party.
她低下头，为自己在晚会上的行为羞愧不已。
（1）be/feel ashamed of... 为……而感到羞愧
be/feel ashamed to do sth. 羞于/耻于做某事
（2）shame n． 羞耻；惭愧；让人遗憾的事
It's a shame that... ……真让人遗憾。
（3）shameful adj. 丢脸的；可耻的
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1）We should not be ashamed _________ （admit） our mistakes, as it is part of learning and growing.
（2）It is _________（shame） to break school rules， to be selfish or to make little effort to achieve progress.
to admit
shameful
（3）真遗憾今年夏天我们没能一起去海边度假。
________________________________________________________ this summer.
It's a shame that we couldn't go on a beach vacation together
4 associate with 与某人交往
【经典例句】
①（教材P）I have a never-ending flow of messages and updates from all the people I associate with online.
我不停地收到交往的网友发来的信息和最新消息。
②（译林选必一U1）In this article, we will talk about a particular type of comfort food whose power mainly lies in the association it calls to mind.
在这篇文章中，我们将讨论一种特殊类型的治愈系食物，它的功效主要在于唤起人们的联想。
（1）associate vt. 联合；把……联系起来
（2）associated adj. 有联系的;相关的；联合的
be associated with 与……有关
（3）association n. 协会，社团；联合；联系； 联想
in association with... 与……联合；与……合作；与……相联系
【单句语法填空/补全句子/句式升级】
（1）The study revealed a strong ___________（associate） between regular exercise and improved mental health, which surprised many researchers.
association
（2）Some of the injuries which _________________________（与跑步有关）, such as runner's knee,are uncommon among race walkers.
→Some of the injuries ______________________,such as runner's knee,are uncommon among race walkers.（过去分词短语作定语）
→Some of the injuries _________________________,such as runner's knee,are uncommon among race walkers.（介词短语作定语）
are associated with running
associated with running
in association with running
5 reality n.现实；真实；事实
【经典例句】（教材P）They say that phones bring people closer together but in reality, my mind is always a million miles away.
他们说手机使人们更亲近，但事实上，我的思绪始终在千里之外。
in reality 事实上，实际上
come into reality 实现
become a reality 成为现实
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
（1）The house looked charming in the photos, but ___ reality, it was in desperate need of repair.
in
（2）他上大学的梦想已经实现了。
→His dream of going to college ____________________.
→His dream of going to college ____________________.
has become a reality
has come into reality
6 desperate adj.拼命的；绝望的
【经典例句】
①（教材P）My friends try to drag me away from my phone, but as soon as I'm alone again, I'm desperate to get back to the online world and the intense activity that it provides.
朋友们试图让我远离手机，但是我一旦独自一人，我就非常渴望回到网络世界和它提供的紧张活动中。
②（2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ）They could not afford to pay for transportation for their dog, Tiffy, and desperately wanted to take her with them. 他们付不起他们的狗蒂菲的运输费，但非常想带她一起去。
（1）be desperate for sth. 渴望某物
be desperate to do sth. 渴望做某事
（2）desperately adv. 绝望地；拼命地；
不顾一切地；
非常；极其
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
（1）He was so desperate ____ a job that he decided to have another try.
（2）I think she feels ___________（desperate） wounded and unloved at the moment.
for
desperately
（3）看到考试结果，我是如此绝望，以至于我感觉好像被扔进了黑暗的世界。
→Seeing the result of the exam， ______________________ I felt as if I were thrown into a world of darkness.（so...that...）
→Seeing the result of the exam， ______________________ I felt as if I were thrown into a world of darkness.（倒装句）［读后续写之心理描写］
I was so desperate that
so desperate was I that
“渴望某物/做某事”的英文表达还有：
（1）be eager for sth./to do sth.；（2）be anxious for sth./to do sth.；（3）long for sth./to do sth.；（4）desire for sth./to do sth.；（5）be dying for sth./to do sth.
7 depressed adj.沮丧的，忧愁的
【经典例句】When faced with setbacks, he often becomes depressed but soon he will regain his confidence and keep moving forward.
当面对挫折时，他经常会变得沮丧，但很快他就会重拾信心，继续前行。
（1）be depressed at/about/by 对……感到沮丧
（2）depress v. 使沮丧；使意志消沉；使心灰意冷
（3）depression n. 抑郁；沮丧；萧条
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
（1）After the loss of her job, she felt deeply __________（depress）, as if a heavy weight were placed on her chest.
（2）She walked to me with great __________（depress）, with the light in her eyes darkened.
depressed
depression
（3）他对要再次参加考试感到沮丧。
→He ________________ taking the exam again.
→___________________ was taking the exam again.（主语从句）
was depressed at
What depressed him
8 delay vi.& vt.推迟，延期n.延期；延误；延迟
【经典例句】（教材P）Since I spend so much time socialising online, I keep delaying things that are important in my real life: homework, tasks, connecting with my friends and family members in a meaningful way.
因为我花费了太多的时间在网上社交，所以我不断推迟我现实生活中重要的事情:家庭作业、任务以及以一种有意义的方式与朋友和家人联系。
（1）delay doing sth. 推迟做某事
（2）without delay 毫不延迟地，立即
time delay 延时
（3）delayed adj. 延时的；定时的
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1）When the ________（delay） flight will take off depends on the weather.
（2）He delayed _______（tell） her the bad news, waiting for the right moment.
delayed
telling
（3）（2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）她到的比预期的晚是因为她正带着一名选手冲过终点线。
_______________ because she was carrying a competitor across the finish line.
Her delay came
（4）她跳下车，立即飞快地向萨姆跑去。
She jumped out of her car and ran fast to Sam _____________.［读后续写之动作描写］
without delay
表示“推迟、耽搁”的词汇还有put off、hold up、postpone、set back等。
9 complain vi.& vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚；投诉
【经典例句】
①（教材P）On a family holiday last summer, my sister spent all her time complaining that she needed to charge her phone.
在去年夏天的一次家庭度假中，我的妹妹一直在抱怨她需要给她的手机充电。
②（人教必修三U2）Nothing good can come to a nation whose people only complain and expect others to solve their problems.
如果一个国家的人民只会抱怨，并且总是期待别人来解决他们的问题，那么这个国家就不会有什么好事。
（1）complain （to sb.） about （doing） sth.
（向某人）抱怨（做）某事
complain that... 抱怨……
（2）complaint n. 抱怨；投诉
make/file a complaint about/that...
抱怨……
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1）I'd like to complain ___ you that the waiters of your hotel broke my suitcase.［应用文写作之投诉信］
（2）Their main __________（complain） is that the prices of a wide range of daily goods have risen sharply in the past days.
（3）I feel it no use ____________（complain）； instead， I should take action immediately.
to
complaint
complaining
（4）一些学生抱怨说，他们校图书馆中的最新又有趣的图书不够多。
__________________________________________ their school libraries don't have enough up-to-date interesting books.
Some students complain/make a complaint that
10 appointment n.约定；约会；预约；任命，委派
【经典例句】
①（教材P）I can't even imagine going without social networking for a week—think of all the important appointments, invitations and news updates you would miss!
我甚至不能想象一周没有社交网络——想一下你会错过的所有重要的约会、邀请和最新的新闻！
②（人教必修三U2）In 1941, Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.
1941年，林医生成为第一位被任命为北京协和医院妇产科主任的中国女性。
（1）make/have an appointment with sb.
与某人约会/有约
keep an appointment 守约
break an appointment 违约
（2）appoint vt. 任命；委任；安排；确定（时间、地点）
appoint sb.as/to be... 任命某人为……
appoint sb.to do sth. 委派某人做某事
（3）appointed adj. （时间）指定的；约定的
【单句语法填空/完成句子/句式升级】
（1）I have an ____________（appoint） with Dr Smith, but I need to change it.
（2）He ______________（appoint） as general manager for his rich experience as well as excellent educational background.
appointment
was appointed
（3）他已经养成了守约的习惯，从不违约。
He has got into the habit of ______________________ and never _____________________.［应用文写作之人物介绍］
keeping an appointment
breaks an appointment
（4）He was appointed as headmaster of the school. He spared no effort to improve its teaching quality.
→___________________________________， he spared no effort to improve its teaching quality.（分词短语作状语）
Appointed as headmaster of the school
11 否定词与比较级连用表示最高级含义
【经典例句】
①（教材P）But he's also never felt more alone.
但他也从未感到如此孤独。
②（人教选必一U4）And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.
如果我们感到沮丧或孤独，没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。
（1）“否定词+比较级”意为“没有比……更……；没有像……一样……”，常用的否定词有no、 not、 never、 nothing、 nobody、 hardly等；
（2）“can/could+never/not...enough/too...”意为“再……也不过分”。
【单句语法填空/完成句子/句型转换】
（1）The articles are all suitable for children. You can't find a _____________（suitable） website.
more suitable
（2）在学习一门语言的过程中，你再怎么强调阅读的重要性也不为过。
You ____________________________________________ during the process of learning a language.
can never attach too much importance to reading
（3）We do believe that you are the most suitable for this competition.
→We do believe that ____________________________________ for this competition.
there is no one more suitable than you
12 the+序数词（+名词）+to do sth.
【经典例句】
①（教材P） If you're one of my 500 friends online, you'll always be the first to know.
如果你是我的500个网友之一，你会一直是第一个知道的。
②（外研选必一U3）In 2003,Yao Ming became the first Chinese sportsperson to win the award,and in Shanghai in 2015 Yao Ming and Li Na both won awards.
2003年，姚明成为首位获得此奖项的中国运动员，2015年在上海，姚明和李娜双双获奖。
（1）当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级、 the next、the only、the right、the last等修饰时，常用动词不定式作后置定语；
（2）常用动词不定式作后置定语的名词有ability、chance、opportunity、need、way、wish、effort、right、ambition、patience、anxiety、 attempt、 courage等；
（3）当被修饰的词为something、nothing、anything等不定代词时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1）We students should have the courage __________（pursue） our dreams,no matter how difficult the path may seem.
（2）As far as I know, Amy was the only person ____________（complete） the challenging task successfully without any assistance.
to pursue
to complete
（3）就我个人而言，我认为我是最适合担任这项工作的人，因为我有相关的经验。
Personally speaking,I think ____________________________________
because I have relevant experience.［应用文写作之申请信］
I am the best person to take up the job
13 否定词置于句首引起部分倒装
【经典例句】
①（教材P15）Not once did she lift her head to enjoy the view outside her window.
她一次也没有抬起头欣赏窗外的景色。
②（人教必修三U5）I remember thinking that never would I hold such a note as this.
我记得当时我还在想，我这一辈子都不可能摸到这样一张钞票。
（1）表示否定含义的词或短语置于句首时,句子要用部分倒装,将情态动词、系动词或助动词提前；
（2）常用的表示否定含义的副词有never、little、rarely、seldom、hardly、scarcely、neither、 nor等；
（3）表示“绝不”的介词短语有at no time、by no means、in no case、in no way、on no condition等；
（4）表示“一……就……”的，含否定词的短语有no sooner...than...、hardly...when...、scarcely...than...等。
【补全句子/句式升级】
（1）____________________________________________（我一有机会解释） she rushed into the pouring rain.
No sooner had I got the chance to explain than
（2）_______________________________________________（我发现他很少对他的孩子们不耐烦）， who ran around the yard playing happily.
Rarely have I found him impatient with his children
（3）You will never be admitted to your ideal university if you are addicted to online games.
→_______________________________________________ if you are addicted to online games.（倒装句）［应用文写作之建议信］
Never will you be admitted to your ideal university
PART
04
课堂微练 即时检验
Ⅰ.品句填词
1.（译林选必一U2）The loss of his hearing deeply depressed Beethoven. He was so ______（烦恼的） that, at first, he wanted to keep it a secret.
upset
2.We are often a________ of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures.
3.At last, feeling very upset and _________（敏感的）, Freddy and his band realised that they must leave the country.
4.Mexicans may use silence rather than be _____（无礼的） to that person by arguing with him or her.
shamed
sensitive
rude
5.The port is important for the supply of relief to ________（百万） of drought victims.
6.I could _______（几乎不） understand my roommate's jokes but I laughed anyhow.
7.Having a p_________ for running， I am looking forward to taking part in the cross-country running race.
8.The company has worked in a__________ with several organizations to promote environmental protection.
millions
barely
reference
ssociation
9.As well as helping with treatments, Ricochet also r______ ￡5,000 to help continue Ian's recovery.
10.The _________（截止日期） of the job for making an application is next Friday.
11.The most urgent question may be how to control the _____（流动） of tourists.
12.The construction of the new bridge has been severely ________（延期） because of a shortage of building materials.
aised
deadline
flow
delayed
Ⅱ.词块运用
1.The policeman pretended to be reading a newspaper. __________（事实上）, he was watching the man near the window.
2.If we __________________________（与快乐的人交往）, we can become happier as well.
3.The man got lost in the desert and he ______________________（极其渴望水）.
4.Research has shown that _______________________________（偏爱垃圾食品） can result in obesity.
In reality
associate with happy people
was desperate for water
having a preference for junk food
5.With my face burning， _____________________________________
______（我为我对你所做的事情感到羞愧）.
6.I wish to _______________________________（对一台相机提出投诉） which I bought at your shop a week ago.
7.If you want to see the chairman of the department, you'd better _____________________________（与他约定） first.
8.I ____________________________（为失去我的工作而心烦）, but I guess it's time to move on and find a new one.
I was/felt ashamed of what I had done to you
make a complaint about a camera
make an appointment with him
am upset about losing my job(共58张PPT)
课后巩固 多维提能
［基础知识巩固练］
维度一 用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.I _____________（expect） the operation to be painful，but I didn't feel a thing.
had expected
2.When she woke up，she found that her house _________________
（destroy） by the thunderstorm.
had been destroyed
3.We ____________（learn） over two thousand English words by the end of last term.
had learned
4.He found that his wallet _______________（steal） on the bus.
had been stolen
5.The twins，who ____________（finish） their homework， were allowed to play badminton on the playground.
had finished
6.By about 6000 BCE，people ______________（discover） the best crops to grow and animals to raise.
had discovered
7.I ___________（hope） to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage，but I couldn't manage it.
had hoped
8.By the time he retired, he _________（win） five championships.
had won
9.（2023·全国甲卷）I used to be afraid of insects, but last Friday's biology class ______（make） a big change in me.
made
10.She asked me whether I ____________（return） the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn't.
had returned
11.It was the first time that they ____________（enjoy） such a wonderful performance.
had enjoyed
12.By the time he got to the clothes shop，the green silk evening dress ______________（sell）.
had been sold
13.I ____________（plan） to go to the cinema with you, but I had to take care of my grandmother.
had planned
14.More than six hundred trees ________________（plant） before last Wednesday.
had been planted
15.His newly written novel __________________（translate） into English by the end of last month.
had been translated
16.（2023·北京卷）I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest ___________（arrive） and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.
had arrived
17.Instead of getting down to a new task as I _____________（expect）, he examined the previous work again.
had expected
18.He opened the door, ________（walk） into the room and ____（sit） down.
walked
sat
19.I returned the book that I _____________（borrow）.
had borrowed
20.Emma was much disappointed to see the washing machine which she ____________（repair） went wrong again.
had repaired
维度二 语法与写作
1.他们本来希望能来看你，但没能来。
_____________________________________________ but they failed.
They had hoped to be able to come and see you
2.由于大雨，所有的航班都被取消了，因此乘客们不得不改乘火车。
_______________________________ because of the heavy rain, so all the passengers had to take the train.
All the flights had been cancelled
3.彼得十岁时已经收藏了300多枚中国邮票。
Peter ________________________________________ by the time he was ten.
had collected more than 300 Chinese stamps
4.在他搬到这座城市之前，他已经在一个小村庄居住了十年。
Before he moved to this city, _________________________________
________.
he had lived in a small village for ten years
5.我一把书拿回家就开始阅读，急于了解书中的情节。
Hardly __________________________ when I set about reading it, eager to know the plot.
had I taken the book home
6.会议结束时宣布已经达成一项协议。
At the end of the meeting， it was announced that _______________
_______________.
an agreement had
been reached
7.这是她第三次来这个山村看望这些孩子。
It was the third time _________________________________________
_________________.
that she had come to this mountain village to see the children
8.史密斯太太一到家，约翰就告诉她如何帮助伯纳德摆脱困境。
Hardly _____________________________ when John told her how to help Bernard out of difficulty.
had Mrs Smith arrived at home
9.当我们到家的时候，妈妈已经为我们准备好了饭菜。
When we got home, my mother _______________________________
___.
had already prepared the meal for us
10.这是我第一次参加英语演讲比赛。
It was the first time that _____________________________________
______.
I had taken part in an English speech contest
维度三 语篇填空
My old friend，Jerry,1.__________（live） in the Mediterranean region for many years before he returned to England. He had often dreamed of retiring in England and had planned 2._________（settle） down in the country. He had no sooner returned than he 3._______（buy） a house and went to live there. Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather，for even though it was still summer， it 4._______（rain） continually and it was often bitterly
had lived
to settle
bought
rained
cold. After so many years of sunshine， Jerry got a shock. He acted as if he 5.____________（not live） in England before. In the end， it was more than he could bear. He had hardly had time to settle down when he 6._____（sell） the house and left the country. The dream he 7._________（have） for so many years ended there. Jerry had thought of everything except the weather.
hadn't lived
sold
had had
［综合能力提升练］
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2025·杭州北斗联盟期中）“When I was young, I told my mother that I would go to China to learn kung fu one day. She didn't believe it at the time. When I got there, I immediately called her and said, ‘Mom, guess where I am. I'm at the Shaolin Temple!’,” says Max Yollando, a young man from C te d'Ivoire, sharing his attachment for Chinese culture.
Yollando is also known as Yanming, the Chinese name he was given by his teacher at the Shaolin Temple, where the “Shaolin kung
fu” was born, and which today is like a magnet （磁铁） for fans from all over the world.
At the time, Yollando was a student at the Felix Houphouet-Boigny University in Abidjan. Motivated by his passion for Chinese culture, he signed up at the Confucius Institute to study Chinese. In late 2016, he had the opportunity to visit the temple in Henan Province on a three-month exchange. This experience defined his close relationship with traditional Chinese culture.
After returning to C te d'Ivoire, Yollando continued to practice Chinese and study traditional Chinese culture. In July 2017, he returned to the Shaolin Temple again and remained there for six years. His years at the temple reading, exercising, practicing kung fu and meditation （冥想） greatly changed him, and allowed him to better understand and appreciate traditional Chinese culture.
He says the most impressive things he noticed that rooted in Chinese culture are the love of work, respect and recognition. At the end of 2022, when he completed his studies at the temple, he began working at a Shaolin cultural center in Zambia. The first of its kind in Africa, the center is home to 30 orphans （孤儿）, who are taught Chinese language and traditional Chinese culture, including kung fu, as part of the course.
For Yollando, the purpose of studying Chinese culture was to be able to return to Africa to introduce Chinese values to his compatriots （同胞）. “The culture fascinated me because in China, people make an effort to work better, and they are very respectful and grateful to their family and country,” he says.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自科特迪瓦的迈克斯·尤兰多从小热爱中国功夫，在少林寺学习了六年，回到非洲后，他致力于传播中国传统文化的故事。
1.Which can replace the underlined word “attachment” in paragraph 1 ( )
A.Confusion. B.Disappointment.
C.Affection. D.Investigation.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段内容可推知，此处指迈克斯·尤兰多在分享自己对中国文化的喜爱，由此可推知，画线词表示“喜爱”，与C项意义相近。
√
2.What made Yollando truly related to traditional Chinese culture ( )
A.Learning Chinese at the Confucius Institute.
B.Visiting the Shaolin Temple in Henan Province.
C.Reading traditional Chinese culture books.
D.Working at a Shaolin cultural center.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In late...This experience defined his close relationship with traditional Chinese culture.”可知，参观河南少林寺并进行交流这一经历使得尤兰多接触中国传统文化，真正与中国传统文化紧密相连。
√
3.Which of the following can best describe Yollando ( )
A.Brave. B.Determined. C.Humorous. D.Organized.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容、第三段中的“In late 2016...with traditional Chinese culture.”以及第四段最后两句可知，尤兰多从小就热爱中国功夫，并一直不断学习中国功夫，由此可推知，尤兰多是坚持不懈的、有决心的。
√
4.What can we learn about the Shaolin cultural center in Zambia ( )
A.Its courses are all about Chinese culture.
B.It was funded by the Shaolin Temple.
C.It is an official authorized agency.
D.It is a charity.
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The first of its kind in Africa...as part of the course.”可知，赞比亚的少林文化中心是一家慈善机构。
√
B
None of us like to think we'd walk on by when someone needed our help. But sometimes we behave in ways we wouldn't expect when encountering a situation we are unsure about. Research from the British Heart Foundation has suggested that a third of people would not perform first aid if they saw someone collapse on the street, with some even admitting they wouldn't call an ambulance. This can sometimes mean that no one helps when someone
desperately needs it. However, a lot of tragic events urge us to take immediate action.
One of the most famous examples of this is the tragic case of Kitty Genovese who was fatally stabbed （刺） in Kew Gardens, New York, in 1964. Follow-up investigations concluded that several people saw or heard what was happening, but did nothing to intervene. This has been termed the “bystander effect”—a well-known psychological phenomenon that individuals are less likely to offer
help to someone when other people are present. The more people there are, the less likely they are to help.
There are various factors contributing to this effect—people think that others will get involved or intervene. Afterwards people often say they did not feel qualified or senior or important enough to be the one to intervene. It is also partly down to “pluralistic ignorance”—since everyone is not reacting to the emergency, they don't need to either; it's not serious because no one else is doing anything.
Self-awareness is the best antidote to it. When encountering an emergency, think to yourself how you would behave if you were on your own. Ignore everyone else and how they are behaving and go with your instinct （直觉）—if you'd call an ambulance, do it. If you'd run for help, do it. If that's how you would have behaved when you were on your own then that's probably the right course of action.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章通过具体事例引入“旁观者效应”，并对其进行分析阐述，包括产生该效应的多种因素以及应对该效应的办法。
5.According to paragraph 1, what would some people do when someone needs help ( )
A.To behave in proper ways. B.To rush to give a hand.
C.To give immediate first aid. D.To hesitate to intervene.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二、第三句可知，有些人在他人需要帮助时会犹豫是否干预。
√
6.Which of the following statements about “bystander effect” is correct ( )
A.It is a rare psychological phenomenon.
B.People are unwilling to help for lack of qualification.
C.Someone will step in when more people are gathering.
D.It results from “pluralistic ignorance” to some degree.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It is also partly down...no one else is doing anything.”可知，多个因素导致了旁观者效应，其中包括“多元无知”，即因所有人不反应所以认为事态不严重。
√
7.What does the underlined word “antidote” in the last paragraph mean ( )
A.Devotion. B.Introduction. C.Solution. D.Resistance.
解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“When encountering an emergency...the right course of action.”可知，自我意识是应对“旁观者效应”的最佳解决方案，由此可推知，画线词表示“方法、办法”。
√
8.What is the best title for the passage ( )
A.Don't Be a Bystander
B.Stay away from Emergencies
C.Raise Awareness of First Aid
D.Don't Intervene in “Bystander Effect”
解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要围绕“旁观者效应”阐述，强调不要在他人有需要时只做旁观者，而要采取行动去帮助。因此，A项最适合作文章标题。
√
C
（2025·兖州期中）Older adults often complain about the loss of the good old days when neighbors were friends instead of strangers, and everyone in the neighborhood left their doors unlocked. While home security is one thing, interesting new research out of Rutgers University has found that feeling connected to one's neighbors appears to promote better health outcomes.
About 27 percent of people aged 60 or older live alone in the USA, according to the Pew Research Center. Living alone has been linked to a number of unfavourable health outcomes such as heart disease, depression, and poor overall biological health. So, researchers believed it important to identify which factors may or may not help reduce the negative effects of living alone.
The project focused on neighborhood cohesion （凝聚力） among Chinese Americans living within the greater Chicago area. Study authors investigated if perceptions of trust and connection among neighbors had an impact on the death risk among that population. Subjects living alone, and reporting minimal interactions or connections with their neighbors, had a 48.5 percent increased risk of death in comparison to those living with other people. Meanwhile, people who lived alone and reported strong cohesion
with their neighborhood displayed death risks very similar to those living with others.
Establishing a clearer understanding of how different types of neighborhoods may influence locals' health outcomes can help in the creation of new social policies and public health initiatives aimed at promoting better, more inclusive neighborhood environments.
“Our findings show the particular challenges faced by older adults who live alone in communities with little interaction,”
concludes Yanping Jiang, author of the study. Enhancing neighborhood cohesion may be a promising way to reduce early death for older adults.
Future studies should focus on additional contributors involved in neighborhoods, and how they may or may not influence the health of older adults. On an individual level, we can all do our part. Consider being just a little friendlier to your neighbors, especially those who live alone.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了罗格斯大学的新发现——良好的邻里关系有益于健康。
9.What can we learn about old people living alone in America ( )
A.They account for 27% of the US population.
B.They are responsible for social insecurity.
C.Their health deserves more attention.
D.Their problems are quite uncommon.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Living alone...and poor overall biological health.”可推知，独居老人的健康状况应受到关注。
√
10.What contributes to lower death risks among the old according to the study ( )
A.The number of family members.
B.Neighbours' health conditions.
C.A strong connection with nature.
D.An interrelationship with the neighbors.
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Enhancing neighborhood
cohesion...reduce early death for older adults.”可知，与邻居的交往互动可以降低老人的死亡风险。
√
11.What do the researchers plan to do next ( )
A.Widen the range of subjects.
B.Focus on seniors' participation.
C.Identify other potential factors.
D.Establish better health projects.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Future studies should focus on additional contributors...influence the health of older adults.”可推知，研究者接下来要确定其他的影响因素。
√
12.Which can be a suitable title for the passage ( )
A.Get to Know Your Neighbors
B.Watch Your Overall Health
C.Choose a Safer Neighborhood
D.Say No to Living Alone
解析：标题归纳题。根据最后一段中的“On an individual level...especially those who live alone.”可知，本文主要介绍的是良好的邻里关系对健康的影响，呼吁我们每个人尽自己的一份力量对自己的邻居好一点。A项最适合作本文标题。
√
Ⅱ.七选五
（2025·广东名校联盟期中）To some extent, smartphones are extensions （延伸） of our hands, but it's easy to forget how much time we actually spend on them. Here are ways for you to get rid of （摆脱） this addiction.
1._________________________________________. They keep us connected to our friends, work, the news and funny videos. But when you start feeling anxious about not having your phone around, that's different. It's one thing to feel inconvenient, but it's another to feel really anxious.
B.Our phones are necessary tools these days
解析：空后的They指代某种物品，且该物品具有让我们保持联系的功能。B项与下文内容一致，符合语境，且其中的Our phones指的正是下文的They。
Is that the case with you 2._________________________________
__________________________________________ If so, start slow. Try leaving your phone at home for short, controlled periods to take a quick walk. Gradually, it's okay even without a phone for a long time.
F.Do you want to feel more
comfortable without your phone sometimes
解析：根据上文内容可知，没有手机可能会让你感到焦虑，下文讲逐渐适应没有手机的方法，故空处应与没有手机且感到舒适有关。F项符合语境。
I found myself checking my phone from time to time. And what do I find Nothing new.3.________________________________
____________. It's just the habit of checking for the sake of （为了） checking. So, how have I been getting rid of this habit One strategy is to create some trouble. Set your phone to require a password to unlock rather than immediately open it through facial recognition.
C.There's not any urgent task I need
to handle
解析：根据上文内容可知，作者经常查看手机，但是并没有什么新的发现。C项承接上文，继续讲述经常查看手机但没有什么新发现的原因。
If you find yourself pulling out your phone during dinner with friends, at family gatherings, or even when someone is telling you something important, this might be a sign of phone addiction.4.__________________________________.
A.Here's a trick I've found helpful
解析：上文描述了一种手机上瘾的情况，下文给出了一个解决方法。A项承上启下，符合语境。
That is, when I'm about to meet with my friends, I set my phone to “Do Not Disturb” mode or put it on airplane mode. I've even left my phone in my bag, car, or another room just to break the constant desire to check it. It feels awkward at first.5.___________
_________________________________________________________.
G.Actually, the conversations are more enjoyable without being disturbed
解析：根据上文内容可知，一开始不碰手机的时候，我们可能会感到尴尬。G项承接上文，指出在没有手机干扰的情况下对话的效果。
A.Here's a trick I've found helpful
B.Our phones are necessary tools these days
C.There's not any urgent task I need to handle
D.What can you do about it effectively and easily
E.You can set screen time limits on certain apps to handle this situation
F.Do you want to feel more comfortable without your phone sometimes
G.Actually, the conversations are more enjoyable without being disturbed
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了智能手机在现代生活中的重要性以及人们可能对其产生的上瘾现象，并给出了一些建议和方法来帮助人们摆脱这种上瘾，从而更加合理地使用手机。
Ⅲ.语法填空
（2025·华南师大附中月考）Have you ever wondered why people from different countries eat different types of food There is more of a connection between food and culture 1._____ you may think.
On an individual level, we grow up 2._______（eat） the food of our culture. As adults, we find that family 3._______（dish） often become the comfort food we seek 4.___ lower points of our
than
eating
dishes
at
lives. For instance, whenever I feel stressed, I remember the soup my mom made for me when I was sick as a kid. In a way, food is 5.____ expression of cultural identity. Immigrants cook traditional food as a way of preserving their culture in their new homes.
Each country's unique cuisine reflects its history, lifestyle and beliefs. In China, harmony is reflected in Chinese cuisine, where almost every flavour is used in a 6._________（balance） way to create delicious food. Also, 7._________（basic）, Chinese people
an
balanced
basically
have a historically elaborate （精致的） style, 8._______ can be seen in their architecture, costumes and food. In the US, the cuisine reflects its history of immigration, which introduced many different cooking styles. Over the years, the US therefore 9.______________（develop） a rich diversity in food preparation.
As the world becomes more globalized, it is 10.______（easy） to access cuisine from different cultures. We should embrace our heritage through our culture's food, but we should also become more informed about other cultures by trying food from around the world.
which
has developed
easier
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了食物和文化之间的密切联系。
1._____
than
解析：考查连词。more...than...意为“……比……更多”，为固定搭配，且根据句意和句子结构可知，空处应表达“比”的意思，应用连词than。
2._______
eating
解析：考查非谓语动词。 分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词，句子主语“we”与“eat”之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，空处应用现在分词形式作状语。
3._______
dishes
解析：考查名词复数。 分析句子可知，句中“dish”意为“一道菜、菜肴”，为可数名词，根据句中“become”可知，句子主语应为可数名词复数形式，表示不止一道菜，空处应用复数形式。
4.___
at
解析：考查介词。at point of...意为“在……点上、将近……的时候”，为固定搭配。
5.____
an
解析：考查冠词。 分析句子可知，空处泛指“一种表达”，应用不定冠词，expression的发音以元音音素开头，空处应用不定冠词an。
6._________
balanced
解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用形容词，修饰空后的名词way，作定语。
7._________
basically
解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用副词修饰整个句子，在句中作状语。
8._______
which
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指代“中国人历来有一种精致的风格”这件事，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。
9.______________
has developed
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Over the years可知，空处应用现在完成时，且主语the US为单数，助动词应用has。
10.______
easier
解析：考查形容词比较级。根据上文more globalized及语境可知，空处应用比较级形式。(共52张PPT)
课后巩固 多维提能
［基础知识巩固练］
维度一 词形转换和动词的形式变换
1.Having sold most of his ___________（belong）, he almost had nothing left in the house.
belongings
2.Tom had to turn down the _________（invite） to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
invitation
3.The snow was icy and white, ___________（contrast） with the brilliant blue sky, creating a breathtaking winter wonderland scene.
contrasting
4.（2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian _________ （approve） section signed.
approval
5.In time of war, lots of money will be spent on ________（defend）.
defence
6.A study suggests that women are less likely to have high blood ________（press） or to die from heart attacks.
pressure
7.I _________（sincere） express my congratulations to you on your achievements in your work.
sincerely
8._________（engage） in answering emails, he did not move an inch from the computer.
Engaged
9.I think all of us should mind our __________（behave） in public places.
behaviour
10.He's the president of a large international ____________（organise）.
organisation
11.In the smartphone market, there is fierce ___________（compete） among different brands.
competition
12.The new teaching method is an __________（innovate） that has improved students' learning efficiency.
innovation
维度二 固定用法和搭配
1.A study has found that handwriting, in contrast _______ typewriting, is more beneficial to the development of children's brain.
with/to
2.I approve ___ your earning some money，but please don't neglect your studies.
of
3.She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands as if ___ defence.
in
4.We want to fit ___, to bond with others, and to earn the respect and approval of our peers.
in
5.According to the results of the survey, only 15% of people would engage ___ regular exercise.
in
6.Please take away all the things in the room belonging ___ you.
to
7.___ is hard for him to finish the task in such a short time.
It
8.Harry took ____ the tale at the point where John had left off.
up
9.She had noted ______ the names and she told me the story simply and factually.
down
10.____ behalf of his mother, he sent a thank-you note to the kind neighbor.
On
11.She trained for years to compete ____________ world-class athletes in the Olympics.
with/against
12.A poor diet is responsible ____ many health problems such as obesity and diabetes.
for
维度三 完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
1.在离开酒店前客人被提醒带上属于他们的一切物品。
The guests are reminded to take everything _________________ before leaving the hotel.
belonging to them
2.这位年轻的网球运动员渴望参加大满贯赛事，在那里他可以与世界上最优秀的选手一较高下。
The young tennis player _____________________ the Grand Slam tournaments, where he can compete with the best players in the world.
is eager to compete in
3.这个由深色橡木制成的书架占据了我房间整整一面墙。
The bookshelf, which is made of dark oak wood,_________________
______________________.
takes up an entire
wall of my room
4.今天的天气非常晴朗、阳光明媚，与昨天的阴雨连绵形成对比。
The weather today is very sunny and bright,_____________________
____________________ and overcast skies.
in contrast to yesterday's
continuous rain
5.站在窗户边，穿着深色西装、拿着一本书的那个人是我的老板。
The man _____________________________, wearing a dark suit and holding a book, is my boss.
who is standing by the window
6.She returned home and carried a lot of books.
→She returned home, ______________________.
carrying a lot of books
7.The whole family are busy preparing for the coming holiday.
→The whole family ____________________________ for the coming holiday.
are engaged in the preparation
8.He has hired a lawyer to defend himself against his action.
→He has hired a lawyer _____________ himself against his action.
in defence of
9.她不同意女儿晚上出去。
（1）She didn't ____________________________________ at night.（approval n.）
（2）She didn't ________________________________ at night.（approve v.）
give approval to her daughter going out
approve of her daughter going out
［综合能力提升练］
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
At first, Manuel Vera just wanted to do something productive for his neighbors. He posted to an online group in his Silver Spring, Maryland, neighborhood, offering to fix people's bikes for free. All he asked was to be paid for any new parts. “Then I started thinking about all the bikes that people have at home that never get used,”
says Vera, 74, who is retired from the local power company. Soon he was asking neighbors to donate any bikes collecting dust in their garages and basements. Then, in his tidy little backyard shed, he'd get to work.
Vera's workspace is nearly as tricked-out as his bikes. Space is tight, so Vera prefers to work alone—though not for lack of volunteers. Vera fixes the donated bikes and hauls them to parks, food banks and apartment complexes. He camps out with his “Free
Bikes” sign and waits for people to wander over. Then he pairs people up with the perfect new ride and watches them pedal away happily. His first giveaway saw six bikes go in under 30 minutes.
Now neighbors know him as the Bike Dude, and they keep him busy with a steady supply of bikes, helmets and locks to redistribute. The local farmers market collected 36 bikes at its first attempt. In addition to the adults and kids he meets at his “Free Bikes” events, eager customers come from local re-settlement agencies and other
nonprofits. The groups provide Vera with the height, gender and age of a rider and he delivers a fitting bicycle to their door. He's happy to make the trip.
“When I was looking for bicycles, it was very expensive, so when he does this for people， it makes them so happy,” says Alashe, a 21-year-old refugee （难民）. “It was one of my dreams to get a bicycle, and he helped me lose weight. So it's very very good.” So far, more than 700 Silver Springers like him have new wheels to take them where their feet can pedal, thanks to the big-hearted Bike Dude.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了曼努埃尔·维拉帮助邻居免费修自行车，后来推出“免费自行车”项目，收集并捐赠自行车，帮助了很多需要的人的故事。
1.What is paragraph 1 mainly about ( )
A.The start of Vera's “Free Bikes” project.
B.The response to Vera's online post.
C.Vera's challenges of finding used bikes.
D.Vera's retirement from the power company.
解析：段落大意题。根据第一段内容可知，本段主要介绍了“免费自行车”项目的背景。
√
2.Which word is closest in meaning to the underlined word “hauls” in paragraph 2 ( )
A.Guides. B.Rides. C.Lends. D.Transports.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的to parks, food banks and apartment complexes以及“He camps out with his ‘Free Bikes’ sign and waits for people to wander over.”可知，维拉把它们运输到公园。hauls与transports的含义相近。
√
3.How does the community help with Vera's project ( )
A.By volunteering to repair donated bikes.
B.By donating bikes and cycling equipment.
C.By delivering bicycles to the receivers' door.
D.By offering personal information of the donators.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Now neighbors know him ... locks to redistribute.”可知，社区通过捐赠自行车和自行车装备来帮助维拉的项目。
√
4.How has Vera's project evolved since its beginning ( )
A.From renting bikes to selling second-hand bikes.
B.From recycling bikes to teaching riding techniques.
C.From organizing bike races to sharing bikes worldwide.
D.From offering bike repairs to collecting and donating bikes.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容和第二段中的“Vera fixes the donated bikes and hauls them to parks, food banks and apartment complexes.”以及第三段中的“Now neighbors know him as the Bike Dude...locks to redistribute.”可知，维拉的项目从提供自行车维修发展到收集并捐赠自行车。
√
B
Are your friends really your friends Sounds like a stupid question, right？ You are probably thinking, of course the people I think of as friends consider me their friend too. But a new study shows that we are pretty terrible at determining who really likes us.
The study finds that only about half of the people we consider to be a friend actually consider us to be their friend.
Obviously, our instincts （直觉） are way off the mark. “It turns out that we are very bad at judging who our friends are，”said Erez Shmueli from Tel Aviv University who worked on the study together with researchers from Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Sadly, this finding can't be put aside because the scientists not only conducted far-reaching experiments themselves, but
they also included data from a number of other studies including participants from the United States, Europe and the Middle East.
They found in contrast to the high expectations of participants across the board, the level of reciprocity （相互性） in the studies was often as low as 35% but added up to about 50% overall. They also used the data to develop an algorithm（算法）. The algorithm was able to predict not only whether a friendship was two-sided, but also, in situations where it was not, which person was mistaken about the relationship.
The researchers feel that their findings could be helpful to companies and groups that depend on personal influence to sell a product or organize a group. I am guessing that for most of us, this isn't a concern. We simply want the people we think are our friends to actually like us back.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究结果，人们很不擅长判断哪些人是自己真正的朋友，在人们认为的朋友当中，只有一半的人也把他们当成朋友。
5.What can we infer from paragraph 1？( )
A.We don't know some friends well.
B.Real friends don't hurt our feelings.
C.People find it hard to make friends.
D.Real friends don't ask silly questions.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The study finds that...actually consider us to be their friend.”可知，我们对有些朋友并不是很了解，我们把他们当成朋友，但是他们并不这样想。
√
6.What is the author's attitude toward the finding of the study？( )
A.Doubtful. B.Serious. C.Curious. D.Critical.
解析：观点态度题。根据第二段中的“Sadly, this finding can't be put aside...from the United States, Europe and the Middle East.”可知，作者认为不能忽视这项研究结果，也就是说要严肃对待它。
√
7.Who would probably think the findings useful？( )
A.A doctor. B.An editor. C.A fundraiser. D.An explorer.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The researchers feel that...organize a group.”可推知，募捐者有可能发现这项研究结果有用。
√
8.What can be the best title for the passage？( )
A.Who Will Be Your True Friend？
B.Do Your Friends Really Know You？
C.Are Your Friends Really Your Friends？
D.What Will Ruin Your Friendship？
解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段内容可知，人们很不擅长判断哪些人是自己真正的朋友，在人们认为的朋友当中，只有一半的人也把他们当成朋友。C项最适合作文章的标题。
√
C
（2025·合肥期中）We've all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.
What's the problem It's possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It's more likely that none of us start a conversation because it's awkward and challenging, or we think it's annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it's an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.
Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can't forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren't for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease （润滑剂） for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. “Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk，” he explains. “The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.”
In a study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction （互动） with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. “It's not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband，” says Dunn. “But interactions with peripheral （边缘的） members of our social network matter for our well-being also.”
Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. “Small talk is the basis of good manners，” he says.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了闲聊是社会交往中必不可少的部分，而且闲聊也有很多好处。
9.What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph ( )
A.Addiction to smartphones.
B.Inappropriate behaviours in public places.
C.Absence of communication between strangers.
D.Impatience with slow service.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可推知，本段主要描述了陌生人之间缺乏沟通的现象。
√
10.What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci ( )
A.Showing good manners. B.Relating to other people.
C.Focusing on a topic. D.Making business deals.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others”可知，成功闲聊的关键是学习如何与他人建立联系。
√
11.What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk ( )
A.It improves family relationships.
B.It raises people's confidence.
C.It matters as much as a formal talk.
D.It makes people feel good.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The results showed...a better coffee shop experience.”可推知，闲聊让人感觉很好。
√
12.Which is the best title for the passage ( )
A.Conversation Counts B.Ways of Making Small Talk
C.Benefits of Small Talk D.Uncomfortable Silence
解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了闲聊是社会交往中必不可少的部分，而且闲聊也有很多好处。C项最适合作文章的标题。
√
Ⅱ.七选五
（2025·宜昌协作体期中）
How to Beat Boredom over the Summer
The first week of summer is wonderful. By the second week, you almost want to go back to school early. Shake that thought out of your head. There's a world of activity out there, so seize the day and see what catches your attention.
Learn a new hobby. Is there something you've always wanted to learn, but didn't think you could 1._____________________________
___________________________________________ You can learn to play a musical instrument. Taking up singing or dancing is also a good choice.
E.Summer might provide the free time you need to pick up something new.
解析：上文讲你没时间学习想学的东西，结合本段主题句“Learn a new hobby.”可知，该空承接上文讲暑假是你学习新东西的好时机，E项承接上文，符合语境。
Volunteer. 2. _____________________________________________
________________ Of course, you're working towards a good cause as well. Volunteering is always a great way to give back to the community, connect and meet new people as well as a relaxing form of exercising. Look for an organization in your area that picks up trash, works with injured or abandoned animals, or works for political causes.
C.Helping your community can be satisfying,
uplifting work.
解析：根据本段主题句“Volunteer.”和下文讲述的在暑假摆脱无聊的方法之二：志愿服务可知，该空内容应与利用暑假去帮助他人有关，C项符合语境。
3. ______________________________ Look at your town's tourism website or brochures advertising events and find out what attracts people traveling from other locations. There might be anything from museums to playgrounds lurking （潜藏） in your town, or areas a short drive away.
A.Act like a tourist in your town.
解析：根据下文内容可知，本段讲述了在暑假摆脱无聊的方法之三：游览你的城市，A项符合语境。
Check out a set of books from the library. Books can transport you into a different world, or let you see through the eyes of others. Try learning all you can on a particular topic. 4. _________________
__________________________________________ Some of the world's top universities even post lectures online, and these are often more interesting than high school classes.
D.If you want to
learn even more, try an online college course.
解析：根据上文“Try learning all you can on a particular topic.”和下文“Some of the world's...high school classes.”可知，该空内容应与建议你利用大学资源去进行网络学习相关，D项符合语境。
Learn a language. Knowing a foreign language can lead to many opportunities, not to mention it looks good on college applications. Get started by finding a beginner's class nearby, or ask a friend or family member to teach you a language they know. 5. ____________________________________________________________________________________
G.It's also a good idea to search online for language courses or conversation partners.
解析：根据本段主题句“Learn a language.”和上文“Get started...a language they know.”可知，该空内容应与学习新语言的其他方法相关，G项符合语境。
A.Act like a tourist in your town.
B.Work as a guide to promote your city.
C.Helping your community can be satisfying, uplifting work.
D.If you want to learn even more, try an online college course.
E.Summer might provide the free time you need to pick up something new.
F.It'll keep you busy, introduce you to new people, and enable you to earn money.
G.It's also a good idea to search online for language courses or conversation partners.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何在暑假摆脱无聊。
Ⅲ.语法填空
My experience of teaching students was a wonderful adventure. I had to deal with various challenges again and again.
The 1.________（great） part of it was the relationship I developed with two students. One of the students was Michael, 2.___________ I met when I was working for a kindergarten. Before I became a morning bus assistant, I 3.__________（hear） that Michael was a student who would always shout, stand up on the
greatest
whom/who
had heard
bus, make fun 4.___ other students, and distract the bus driver. So I decided that each morning, 5.______ he got on the bus, I'd have Michael sit beside me. At first he didn't like this idea. But soon he settled down, 6._________（know） he had no choice. I began to talk to him about little things outside of school life, such as his weekend 7._________（activity） and things that he liked to do. I also listened 8._______（close） to him. As I gave Michael the attention that he needed, little by little, he began to behave better and better.
of
when
knowing
activities
closely
Another student I took a special interest in was a boy 9._______（name） Tony, a third grader. To some degree, Tony seemed to be a slow or passive learner. So I decided to see if I could find a way to encourage Tony 10.________（stay） at the task. Before long, he was paying more attention to his studies and scored high in all tests.
named
to stay
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为一名老师因材施教的经历。
1.________
greatest
解析：考查形容词最高级。根据语境及空前的“The”可知，应用形容词最高级。
2.___________
whom/who
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词Michael，并在从句中作宾语，应用whom或who引导。
3.__________
had heard
解析：考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，hear这一动作发生在became之前，即过去的过去，应用过去完成时。
4.___
of
解析：考查固定搭配。make fun of意为“取笑”，为固定搭配。
5.______
when
解析：考查状语从句。分析句意可知，空处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”，应用when引导。
6._________
knowing
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处know与he为逻辑上的主动关系，应用动词-ing形式。
7._________
activities
解析：考查名词复数。activity为可数名词，根据空后的“things”可知，此处与之并列，应用复数形式。
8._______
closely
解析：考查副词。此处应用副词closely修饰动词listened。
9._______
named
解析：考查非谓语动词。boy与name之间是逻辑上的被动关系，所以应用动词-ed形式作后置定语。
10.________
to stay
解析：考查非谓语动词。encourage sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”，为固定用法。(共45张PPT)
UNIT 1 RELATIONSHIPS
Period 5 WRITING WORKSHOP & OTHER PARTS
1
精读课文 语篇理解
2
创意课堂 点面突破
3
课堂微练 即时检验
PART
01
精读课文 语篇理解
1.When does peer pressure happen ( )
A.When people are affected to do something that they would not usually do.
B.When people are forced to do something that they hate to do.
C.When people are attracted to do something that they are interested in doing.
D.When people are persuaded to do something that they shouldn't have done.
√
2.Which statement is WRONG according to the passage ( )
A.Peer pressure can affect the way people talk.
B.Peer pressure can't bring about bullying.
C.The most important thing to avoid peer pressure is to have self-confidence.
D.Conforming to the peer group will make children feel social pressure.
3.What kinds of people can have peer pressure
_______________________________________
People who lack confidence in themselves.
√
1.What does “It” mean in the sentence “It is what makes people individual and unique.” in paragraph 1？( )
A.Life manner. B.Life attitude.
C.Personality. D.A person's quality.
2.Which of the following types of people are extroverts ( )
A.Teachers. B.Writers. C.Engineers. D.Inventors.
√
√
3.What is the extroversion and introversion about
___________________________________________
4.What are the personality traits of introverts
________________________________________________
It's about a person's attitude towards the world.
They are reserved, quiet, thoughtful and may be shy.
PART
02
创意课堂 点面突破
1 behalf n.代表……
【经典例句】He accepted the award on behalf of his colleagues, acknowledging their hard work and dedication.
他代表同事们接受了奖项，对他们的辛勤工作和奉献精神予以认可。
（1）on behalf of... 代表……
on one's behalf 代表某人
（2）represent sb. 代表某人
stand for 代表；象征
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
（1）We are extremely grateful to you for the trouble you have taken on ____（we） behalf.
（2）I come here to visit you ____ behalf of our manager.
our
on
（3）（2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ满分作文）我很荣幸代表学生会邀请您来参加我们的现场访谈节目。
→_______________________________, I feel much privileged to invite you to our live interview program.
→______________________________, I feel much privileged to invite you to our live interview program.［应用文写作之邀请信］
On behalf of the Students' Union
Representing the Students' Union
2 competitor n.选手，参赛者
【经典例句】
①（教材P）Competitors should be judged on their pronunciation, clarity and fluency, and also progression of ideas and audience engagement.
评判参赛者的标准应该包括他们的发音、清晰度和流畅度，以及思考的过程和观众的参与度。
②（人教必修二U4）And they even have their own football teams for competitions like the World Cup!
它们甚至拥有自己的足球队，参加像“世界杯”之类的赛事！
（1）compete vi. 竞争，比赛
compete in 参加……比赛；在……方面竞争
compete for... 为……而竞争
compete with/against...for... 为争取……而与……对抗/竞争
compete to do sth. 竞相做某事
（2）competition n. 竞争，比赛
（3）competitive adj. 有竞争力的；竞争的
【单句语法填空】
（1）（外研选必一U3）But winning gold in Rio paints the most vivid portrait of the team's ___________（compete） spirit.
（2）The two girls competed with each other ____ the highest mark in the game.
competitive
for
（3）There is fierce ___________（compete） between the two motorcar firms.
（4）We will compete ___ global politics and global economics.
competition
in
（5）The __________（compete） who won the championship last year struggled in the recent tournament because of an unexpected injury.
competitor
3 engagement n.参与；订婚；约定；雇用
【经典例句】The engagement of the students in the academic research project, not only enhanced their critical thinking ability but also deepened their understanding of the subject matter.
学生们对学术研究项目的参与，不仅提高了他们的批判思维能力，还加深了他们对学科内容的理解。
（1）engage vi. 参加；参与（活动）
vt. 吸引（注意力、兴趣）；雇用；聘用
engage in （使）从事；参与
engage sb. to do sth. 聘请某人做某事
（2）engaged adj. 忙于，从事于；已订婚的
be engaged to 与……订婚
be engaged in 参加；忙于
【语境辨义/句式升级】
（1）The child's attention was completely engaged by the new toy. ______________________
（2）Engaging in exploring splendid Chinese culture gives him a chance to act as a cultural messenger.______________
吸引（注意力、兴趣）
参与（活动）
（3）I was totally engaged in my work and seldom paid attention to external environment.
→__________________________, I seldom paid attention to external environment.（分词短语作状语）
Totally engaged in my work
4 take up 占据（时间、空间等）；拿起；接受；开始从事；继续
【经典例句】
①（教材P）We would not take up too much of your time. 我们不会占用你太多的时间。
②（人教选必一U1）After spending time in Europe, he finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA.
在欧洲待了一段时间后，他最终在美国普林斯顿高等研究院担任研究员一职。
take up a position 担任；任职
take off 脱掉（衣服等）；起飞；事业腾飞
take over 接管；获得对……的控制或管理
take in 吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗
take on 呈现；雇用；承担；从事
【语境辨义/语段填空】
（1）（2023·全国乙卷满分作文）I asked my parents to allow me to take up a piano lesson for beginners.__________
（2）（2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ）I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online.______
开始从事
接受
（3）At the age of 18, he ____________________________（接管了
他父亲的公司）. As a chief manager, he _______________________
______（吸纳了许多人才）, which made his company ___________________（呈现新面貌）. At last, __________________（他的事业腾飞了）.
took over his father's company
took in a number of talents
take on a new look
his career took off
5 belong vi.应在（某处）；适应；属于
【经典例句】（教材P）We all want to be part of a group and feel like we belong to our community.
我们都想成为某个群体的一员，并感觉自己属于我们的社区。
（1）belong to 属于;归属;为……的一员
a sense of belonging 归属感
（2）belongings n. 所有物；财物
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1）This is the house with a beautiful garden __________（belong） to the Smiths.
（2）As is known to all, cultural relics belong ___ human beings rather than individuals.
belonging
to
（3）正是由于我慷慨善良的同学们我才有了归属感。
It is because of my generous and kind-hearted classmates that _________________________.［应用文写作之演讲稿］
I feel a sense of belonging
belong to 没有被动语态和进行时态，用作非谓语要使用v.-ing形式。
6 approval n.赞许；同意；通过；认可；批准；赞成
【经典例句】
①（教材P）People who are low in confidence and unsure of themselves may be more likely to seek their peers' approval by going along with risky suggestions or choosing the “wrong” path.
缺乏自信和对自己不确定的人可能更倾向于通过采纳有风险的建议或选择“错误的”道路来寻求同伴的认可。
②I managed to persuade him to approve of my plan to travel to Hangzhou.
我设法说服他同意我去杭州旅行的计划。
（1）give （one's） approval to sth. 批准某事；同意某事
（2）approve vi. 赞成；同意
vt. 批准；通过
approve sth. 批准/通过某事
approve of （sb./sb.'s） doing sth. 赞成/同意（某人）做某事
（3）approving adj. 赞许的；许可的
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1）He gave an __________ （approve） smile when he saw how well-prepared I was for the presentation.
approving
（2）我妈妈不赞成我参加这样的晚会，因为晚会到午夜才结束。
My mother _________________________________________, because it finishes at midnight.
doesn't approve of my attending such a party
（3）如果您能批准我们的提议，我们将不胜感激。
We would be grateful if ____________________________________________________________.
you could approve our proposal/give your approval to our proposal
&1& 阅读中常见的态度表达还有：biased（有偏见的）、supportive（支持的）、disapproving（不赞成的）、favourable（赞同的）、persuasive（有说服力的）、critical（批判的）、sarcastic（讽刺的）、objective（客观的）、neutral（中立的）、indifferent（中立的）等。
7 defend vi.& vt.保护，保卫
【经典例句】
①（教材P）Bullies pick easy targets—people who are outside the peer group and whom the group is unlikely to defend.
恃强凌弱的人选择容易（攻击）的目标——那些不属于同龄人群体和同龄人群体不太可能保护的人。
②（人教必修二U4）They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence.
像拥有同样的货币和军事国防一样，它们也使用同一面国旗，即联合王国国旗。
（1）defend...from/against... 保护……免受……
defend oneself 为自己辩护；自卫
（2）defence n. 防御；保护；保卫
in defence （of） 保护；保卫；（为……）辩护
in one's defence 为某人辩护
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
（1）The monument is in memory of the soldiers who died in ________（defend） of their country.
（2）It is the nature of a mother to do all she can to defend her child ____________ harm and danger.
defence
from/against
（3）看到这条凶猛的蛇，他像箭一样冲过去保护儿子。
→Seeing the fierce snake， he rushed _________________ like an arrow.（defend v.）
→Seeing the fierce snake， he rushed ____________________ like an arrow.（defence n.）［读后续写之动作描写］
to defend his son
in defence of his son
8 contrast n.差异，差别；对比 vt.形成对比
【经典例句】
①（教材P）In contrast to extroverts, they value fewer, but deeper experiences.
与外向的人相比，他们更看重的是少但层次更深的经历。
②The bright colors of the flowers provide a striking contrast to the dark background.
花朵的鲜艳色彩与暗淡的背景形成了鲜明的对比。
（1）make a contrast with... 与……进行对比
in contrast with/to... 与……对比起来，与……形成对比
by contrast 相比而言
（2）contrast...with/and... 把……与……对比
contrast with sb./sth. 与某人/某物形成对比
【单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子】
（1）（2023·浙江卷1月）In contrast _______ the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City， the Summer Palace， and the Temple of Heaven，the hutongs reflect the culture of grassroots Beijingers.
with/to
（2）Contrast fresh _________ frozen vegetables and you will find that the former are often more nutritious and have a better taste.
with/and
（3）（人教选必一U4）When lying, some people avoid eye contact. ___________（相比之下）, others may maintain eye contact even longer than usual.
By contrast
（4）他是一个上了年纪的农民，花白的头发与黝黑的皮肤形成鲜明的对比。
He is an old farmer, _________________________________________
___________________________________．［读后续写之人物描写］
whose grey hair makes a sharp contrast with/contrasts sharply with his dark skin
9 动词-ing形式作伴随状语
【经典例句】
①（教材P）During the final round, as a judge, you would be responsible for listening to all the speeches, noting down any positive or negative aspects for each one.
作为一名评委,在最后一轮比赛中，你有责任倾听所有的演讲,记下每个演讲的积极或消极的方面。
②（译林必修三U2）She signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an orderly line covering their heads with their hands.
她示意学生们双手抱住头，排好队，有序离开教室。
教材原句中“noting down any positive...”是动词-ing形式作伴随状语，表示伴随情况。
（1）动词-ing形式作状语除了表示伴随以外，还可表示时间、条件、原因、让步、结果和方式等；
（2）动词-ing形式除在句中作状语外，还可以作表语、定语、宾语补足语等。
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1）（外研必修二U2）I would run around the house, _________（listen） to the adults ________（chat） about their year.
listening
chatting
（2）（人教必修三U1）After singing some songs, the competitors danced onto the green field, ________（wave） their arms in the air as if they were eagles.
waving
（3）听到校长说的话，我欣喜若狂，双眼闪烁着兴奋的光芒。
_______________________________， I was wild with joy， my
eyes glittering with excitement.
Hearing what the headmaster said
［读后续写之情绪描写］
PART
03
课堂微练 即时检验
Ⅰ.品句填词
1.A dinner party will be _________（组织） to celebrate my mother's eightieth birthday.
2.When he was _________（批准） as a volunteer at the group home, he felt very satisfied.
organised
approved
3.In ancient times, information was passed down orally from generation to generation. By c_______, today we have instant access to a vast amount of knowledge through the Internet.
ontrast
4.What you did went against the __________（行为准则） for middle school students.
5.Without direction and m_________, a person would not know what to do.
6.How can you go to the party without an _________（邀请）
7.The professor will give a lecture on the ______（话题） of environment protection.
principles
otivation
invitation
topic
8.It is only by powerful armies that we can _______（保卫） our motherland and homeland.
9.The students' ___________（参与） in class is an important element of a good lesson.
10.All in all, I s________ invite you to come to our school and see for yourself.
defend
engagement
incerely
Ⅱ.词块运用
1.Mr. King ________________________________ （担任校长） in a high school, so he knew the importance of education.
2.________________________（和这种方法相比）, the other one would double the work and is totally a waste of money and time.
3.There is no doubt that they __________________________________
_______（负责太阳能研究）.
took up a position as a headmaster
In contrast to this method
are responsible for solar-energy research
4.Doctors ___________________________________________（赞成病人采取更健康的生活方式）, including regular exercise and balanced diets.
approve of patients' adopting healthier lifestyles
5.I am doing a project ______________________（代表我的学校） about global warming.
on behalf of my school
6.This antique vase _________________________（属于我的祖母） and it has been passed down through several generations in our family.
belongs to my grandmother
7.The dishes served at this restaurant ________________（价格低） and high in quality.
8.Every time you __________________________（想要吸烟）, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker.
are low in price
feel like smoking a cigarette(共95张PPT)
UNIT 1 RELATIONSHIPS
［核心单词］
passionate host occasionally
emotional grateful practical pour
lack presentation accessworth while
preference handle upset ashamed
intentiond emanding raise reality
dominate chase desperate depressed
delay complain appointment invitation
organise behalf competitor engagement
belong approval defend contrast
［重点短语］
for the first time,used to,pour into,set off,a couple of,have access to,associate with,obsess over,on behalf of,take up,belong to,in contrast to
［重点句型］
1.if only...
2.the first day/time 引导时间状语从句
3.否定词与比较级连用表示最高级含义
4.the+序数词（+名词）+to do sth.
5.否定词置于句首引起部分倒装
6.动词-ing形式作伴随状语
［单元语法］
过去完成时
［写作任务］
关于活动的邀请信
［Atmosphere］
harmonious adj. 和谐的
friendly adj. 友好的
relaxed adj. 轻松的
peaceful adj. 平静的;和睦的
welcoming adj. 热情的;舒适的
be in harmony with... 与……和谐相处
get on/along well with sb. 与某人相处融洽
［Conflicts］
misunderstand v. 误解,误会
family quarrels 家庭纷争
heated arguments 激烈的争吵
a big headache 一个令人头痛的问题
cold silence 冰冷的沉默
a sincere apology 诚恳的道歉
a stormy period 暴风雨时期
［Interaction］
consult v. 请教;商量
appreciate vt. 欣赏;感激
understand v. 理解;体谅
shared values 共同的价值观
through thick and thin 同甘共苦
show respect for... 对……表示尊重
communication based on trust 基于信任的沟通
［Qualities］
considerate adj. 体贴的
sincere adj. 真诚的
grateful adj. 感激的
patient adj. 有耐心的
enthusiastic adj. 热情的
reliable adj. 可信赖的
respectful adj. 表示敬意的,尊敬的
话题佳句
1.Only by a sincere talk can we understand each other and enjoy the warm and harmonious family atmosphere. 只有通过真诚的交谈，我们才能相互理解，享受温暖、和谐的家庭氛围。
2.I feel fortunate and happy to live in a big harmonious family where everyone can have a say in important family events. 生活在一个和谐的大家庭中，每个人在重要的家庭事件中都有发言权，我感到幸运和幸福。
3.Although there is a generation gap between our parents and us, they appreciate us and show respect for our opinions, which sometimes are even opposed to theirs. 虽然父母与我们之间存在代沟,但是他们欣赏我们并尊重我们的意见,（即使）这些意见有时与他们的观点相反。
Period 1 TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1
1
精读课文 语篇理解
2
自查语基 知能落实
3
创意课堂 点面突破
4
课堂微练 即时检验
&1& 〈教材助读+语基默写〉见分册本
PART
01
精读课文 语篇理解
What is the main idea of Passage 1 ( )
A.How to get along well with classmates and teachers in high school.
B.The student Graham became interested in science subjects and confident with the help of his teacher Mr Jenkins.
C.How to develop an interest in science.
D.The qualities of a good teacher.
√
Passage 1
Passage 2
1.Which was NOT the reason why Graham didn't do well in school subjects ( )
A.He was a bit lazy.
B.He wasn't interested in his study.
C.He found it all boring and difficult.
D.He was slow in learning new things.
√
2.What made Graham build up his confidence ( )
A.His brightness. B.Mr Jenkins' words.
C.His good grades. D.His presentation to the class.
3.What should teachers do to deal with students ( )
A.Treat them as adults.
B.Make friends with them and really understand them.
C.Always praise them.
D.Sometimes scold them.
√
√
4.What is important in educating students according to Mr Jenkins ( )
A.Forcing them to study.
B.Encouraging them to perform well at school.
C.Finding out their own interest.
D.Asking them to get along well with others.
√
1.The only thing I can remember from school maths is that the angles of a triangle add up to 180 degrees!（Passage 1 Para.1）
［分析］ 本句为复合句。主句为“The only thing...is...”; I can
remember from school maths是_________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________从句。
［翻译］ ___________________________________________________
定语从句，修饰先行词The only thing；that the angles of a triangle add up to 180 degrees 是that引导的表语
我唯一能记得的数学课内容就是三角形的内角和是180度！
2.I think it's important to understand that there's no such thing as a good or a bad student.（Passage 2 Para.2）
［分析］ 本句为复合句。主句为“I think...”；“it's important to understand...”是省略了that的______从句；该从句中it作__________，后面的动词不定式“to understand...”作真正的主语；that there's no such thing as a good or a bad student是that引导的______从句。
［翻译］ __________________________________________________
宾语
形式主语
宾语
我认为重要的是要知道没有所谓的好学生或者坏学生。
3.The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to children's minds when they are open and eager to learn.（Passage 2 Para.3）
［分析］ 本句为复合句。主句为“The thing...is...”；“that you have access to children's minds...”是that引导的______从句； when they are open and eager to learn是when引导的__________从句。
［翻译］ ___________________________________________________
____________________________________
表语
时间状语
作为一名教师的意义在于，当孩子们的思维开放并渴望学习的时候，你有机会接触他们的思想。
Graham: Before meeting Mr Jenkins, science had 1._______（simple） been a subject full of strange words. But when I went into Mr Jenkins' class, I really became interested in a subject 2.____ the first time. He used to explain things with lots of 3._________（practice）examples and in simple language. The problem was that I 4._______（lack） confidence in myself, but Mr Jenkins made me feel that I had my own 5._________（strength）.
simply
for
practical
lacked
strengths
Mr Jenkins: Although I had heard stories about his bad 6.__________（behave）, he was bright and he had done well in science subjects. Being a teacher is that you have access 7.___ children's minds when they are open and eager to learn. And if 8.______ I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a 9.__________（success） adult, then I know what I'm doing 10.___（be） worthwhile.
behaviour
to
what
successful
is
1.What qualities do you think that teachers should have
______________
2.What kind of teacher do you like best Do you have your favourite teacher
______________
Open answers.
Open answers.
3.What relationship would you like to have with your teacher
______________
4.What influence does a teacher have on you
______________
Open answers.
Open answers.
PART
02
自查语基 知能落实
Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
A.三角形
B.角
C.侄女，外甥女
D.氢
E.酸
F.特性，品质
G.流行性感冒，流感
H.洋葱
I.极好的；难以置信的
J.侄子，外甥
1.trait n.
答案：F
2.niece n.
答案：C
3.nephew n.
答案：J
4.flu n.
答案：G
5.incredible adj.
答案：I
6.angle n.
答案：B
7.triangle n.
答案：A
8.hydrogen n.
答案：D
9.acid n.
答案：E
10.onion n.
答案：H
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1.a friendly and _________ personality
一种友善且外向的性格
2._____ International Exhibition
主办国际展览会
3.a renewed _______ attack
新一轮火箭袭击
outgoing
host
rocket
4._____ a cup of tea for the guest
为客人倒一杯茶
5.a car with high _____ consumption
一辆高油耗汽车
6._____ the heavy suitcase
拖着沉重的行李箱
pour
fuel
drag
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1.________ n．幽默感→humourous adj.幽默的→humourously adv.幽默地
2.__________ adj.热爱的，酷爱的；具有强烈信念的→passion n．热爱；热情
3.____________ adv.偶尔；偶然→occasion n．场合；时机→occasional adj.偶尔的；偶然的
humour
passionate
occasionally
4.__________ adj.激起感情的；情感上的→emotionally adv.感情上；情绪上→emotion n.感情；情感
5.__________ adv.极度，极其→extreme adj.极度的；极大的；极端的；偏激的
6.________ adj.感激的，感谢的→gratefully adv.感激地
7._________ adj.实际的；实践的；切实可行的→practically adv.实际地；切实可行地→practice n．& v．练习
8._____ vt.缺乏→lacking adj.缺乏的
emotional
extremely
grateful
practical
lack
9.____________ n．报告；陈述，说明→present v．授予；呈现 n．礼物
10.__________ n．行为，举止→behave v.行为；表现
11._______ n．进入；接触的机会→accessible adj.可接近的；可到达的；易取得的
presentation
behaviour
access
12.___________ adj.值得做的；重要的；有益的→worthy adj.值得尊敬的，值得敬仰的→worth adj.值得的 n.价值，意义→（反义词）worthless adj.无价值的，不中用的
worthwhile
13._____________ n．教育（学）家→educate v．教育→education n．教育→educational adj.教育的；有教育意义的→educationally adv.教育上地
educationalist
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据课文语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1.The only thing I can remember from school maths is that the angles of a triangle __________（总计为） 180 degrees!
2.But when I was 15 and went into Mr Jenkins' class， I really became interested in a subject ________________（第一次）.
3.I ____________（不知道） what hydrogen was， and I didn't really want to know， either！
add up to
for the first time
had no idea
4.He ________（过去常常） explain things which seemed difficult with lots of practical examples and in simple language.
used to
5.I remember that he let me _____ some fuel _____（把……倒入） the rocket， and then another student lit a match to ____ it ____（引爆）.
pour
into
set
off
6.I've read ____________（几本） Graham's books and seen him on TV.
a couple of
7.He was very bright and he _____________________（在……方面做得好） science subjects.
8.Everyone ___________（擅长） something and it's important to find out what that is for each student.
9.We teachers should have more time to _________________（交朋友） all our students and really understand them.
10.The thing about being a teacher is that you ______________（有机会接触） children's minds when they are open and eager to learn.
had done very well in
is good at
make friends with
have access to
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1.since引导时间状语从句
I _______________________________________（自从离开学校之后再也没有见过詹金斯先生）， but I often think about him.（Passage 1 Para.1）
haven't seen Mr Jenkins since I left school
2.make sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”
Mr Jenkins ______________（让我感到） that I had my own strengths.（Passage 1 Para.3）
made me feel
3.“if only...”意为“要是……就好了”
Sometimes I think， _________________________________________
_______（要是能打电话征求他的意见就好了）!（Passage 1 Para.3）
if only I could call him and ask for his opinion
4.the first day/time引导时间状语从句
___________________________________（他第一天走进我的班级时）， he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking bored.（Passage 2 Para.1）
The first day he walked into my class
PART
03
创意课堂 点面突破
1 occasionally adv.偶尔；偶然
【经典例句】（教材P）It's good that we take some time occasionally to remember some of the positive things in life, don't you agree
我们偶尔花点时间记住生活中的一些积极的事情，你不觉得这很好吗？
（1）occasion n.
特别的事情（或仪式、庆典）；（适当的）机会；时刻；场合
on occasion 有时；偶尔；间或
on this/that occasion 在这时/那时
on the occasion of... 在……之际
（2）occasional adj. 偶尔的；偶然的
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1）Occasions are quite rare ______ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
when
（2）（2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ）Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they ____________（occasion） make salads for their entire schools.
occasionally
（3）It's helpful to put children in an occasion _______ they can see themselves differently.
where
（4）（人教必修三U1）它们是让我们放松心情、享受生活、暂时忘却工作的时刻。
They are __________________________________________, and forget about our work for a little while.
occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life
（1）occasion作先行词表示时间且在定语从句中作状语时，常用when引导，意为“时刻、机会”；
（2）occasion作先行词表示地点且在定语从句中作状语时，常用where引导，意为“场合”。
2 emotional adj.激起感情的；情感上的
【经典例句】（教材P）It was so emotional to read them and they moved me so much.
读它们是如此令人感动，它们深深地打动了我。
（1）emotion n. 强烈的感情；激情；情绪
in good/bad emotion 好/坏心情
（2）emotionally adv. 感情上；情绪上；令人激动地；情绪冲动地
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1）I'm not perfect but I'm also not ___________（emotional） lonely.
（2）Her __________（emotion） response to the news left everyone in the room in tears.
（3）当你有好的情绪时，你可以很容易地处理问题。
You can deal with problems easily when _______________________.
emotionally
emotional
you are in good emotion
3 grateful adj.感激的，感谢的
【经典例句】
①（外研必修三U2）They were grateful to him and invited him to visit.
他们很感谢他，并邀请他前来做客。
②（人教必修三U1）People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year's supply of food. 人们举行庆祝活动来表达他们对这一年收获的食物的感恩。
（to sb.） for sth.因某事而感激（某人）
to do sth.因做某事而感激
that...感激……
（2）I would be grateful/appreciate it if you could do...如果你能做……，我将感激不尽。
（3）gratefully adv. 感激地
（1）be grateful
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
（1）He __________（grateful） accepted the money donated by his friends.
（2）He will be grateful _________（know） that he will host the party.
（3）We are grateful to you ____ what you did for us.
gratefully
to know
for
（4）如果你能帮我的忙，我将感激不尽。
→___________________ if you could lend me a hand.（grateful adj.）
→____________________ if you could lend me a hand.（appreciate v.）［应用文写作之求助信］
I would be grateful
I would appreciate it
4 for the first time 初次，第一次
【经典例句】（教材P）But when I was 15 and went into Mr Jenkins' class, I really became interested in a subject for the first time.
但是在我15岁那年走进詹金斯先生的课堂时，我才第一次真正对一个学科产生了兴趣。
（1）for the first time意为“初次、第一次”，表示有生以来或一段时间内第一次做某事，在句中一般单独作时间状语；
（2）at the first time意为“第一次、第一时间、一开始就……”，为介词短语，仅仅指出时间顺序；
（3）the first time意为“首次、第一次”，常引导时间状语从句；
（4）It is the first time+that从句，从句中通常使用现在完成时态；It was the first time+从句，从句中通常使用过去完成时态。
【单句语法填空/句型转换】
（1）The two girl students talked ____ the first time at the beginning of the term.
（2）It was the first time that he _________（be） in China.
for
had been
（3）When I went to Guilin for the first time, I was impressed by its beauty.
→_____________________________, I was impressed by its beauty.
The first time I went to Guilin
5 used to 过去经常，曾经
【经典例句】
①（教材P）He used to explain things which seemed difficult with lots of practical examples and in simple language.
他过去常用很多实用的例子和简单的语言来解释看上去很难的东西。
②（外研必修三U3）New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement hearts and bone parts.
像三维打印机一类的新发明已经被用来制作心脏和骨骼部位的替代品。
（1）疑问式：Used you to...？/Did you use to...
否定式：used not to/usedn't to/didn't use to
（2）be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
get/be used to （doing） sth.
习惯于（做）某事
There used to be...过去（曾经）有……
【单句语法填空/句型转换】
（1）I didn't think I could ever get used to ______（live） in a big city after living in the country.
（2）Wood can be used _________（make） tables.
living
to make
（3）My sister used to be shy when she was at school.
→______________________________________ be shy when she was at school？（一般疑问句）
Used your sister to/Did your sister use to
（4）We used to go swimming in summer.
→We ________________________________________ swimming in summer.（否定句）
used not to go/usedn't to go/didn't use to go
6 pour into 投入（倒）……于某物；川流不息地涌入
【经典例句】（教材P）I remember that he let me pour some fuel into the rocket， and then another student lit a match to set it off.
我记得，他让我把一些燃料倒入火箭里，然后另一个学生点火，使火箭发射。
pour out 倾吐；诉说
pour out of 涌出
pour down 倾注，倾泻
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1）The river came pouring ______ like a waterfall off the hill.
（2）（2022·全国甲卷）He poured water from a bottle _____ his hand and offered it to my dogs.
down
into
（3）随后骑警从车后和角落里现身出来。
Then the mounted police ______________ vans and from around the corner.
poured out of
7 lack vi.& vt.缺乏；短缺 n.缺乏；短缺
【经典例句】（教材P8）The problem was that I lacked confidence in myself.
问题在于我对自己缺乏信心。
（1）lack+n. 缺乏……
lack for+n. （多用于否定句中，多用
于一般时态）缺乏（隐含“并非完全没有”之意）
（2）for lack of 因缺乏……
（a） lack of 缺乏；需要
（3）lacking adj. 短缺的；缺乏的
be lacking in 缺少……
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
（1）More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities ____ lack of space.
（2）Though ________（lack） cooking experience， the twins made up for it by turning to the Internet for some advice.
for
lacking
（3）由于缺乏自信和经验,简完全不知道如何应对这可怕的情况。
→___________________________________, Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.（介词短语）
→________________________________, Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.（现在分词作状语）
→_____________________________________, Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.（原因状语从句）［读后续写之人物描写］
For lack of confidence and experience
Lacking confidence and experience
As she lacked confidence and experience
8 presentation n.报告；陈述，说明
【经典例句】（教材P）I was interested in the study of the stars and planets and he asked me to give a presentation to the class.
我对恒星和行星的研究很感兴趣，他让我向全班做报告。
（1）give/make a presentation 做陈述或介绍；举办展示会
（2）present v. 颁发，授予；提出，提交；呈现，展现
adj. 出现的，在场的，出席的
present sb.with... 颁发给/授予某人……
present...to sb. 颁发/授予……给某人；把……提交给某人
at the present time/moment 此刻；现在
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
（1）____ the present moment, every second counts as we race against time to complete the project.
（2）（2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ）I went to my teacher's office after the award ____________（present）.
At
presentation
（3）我们校长将给在接力赛中表现好的学生颁奖。
→Our headmaster ____________________________________________
____________________.
→Our headmaster ____________________________________________
________________________.
will present awards to the students who perform well in the relay race
will present the students who perform well in the relay race with awards
9 access n.进入；接触的机会；通道
【经典例句】
①（教材P）The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to children's minds when they are open and eager to learn.
作为一名教师的意义在于，当孩子们的思维开放并渴望学习的时候，你有机会接触他们的思想。
②（外研选必一U4）Now art is more accessible to us than ever before.
现在，我们比以往任何时候都更容易接触到艺术。
（1）have/get/obtain/gain access to...
拥有……的机会；可以接近/进入……
give access to... 准许进入/接近……
（2）accessible adj. 可接近的；可使用的；易懂的；随和的
be accessible to 可接近的；可使用的
【单句语法填空/语境辨义/完成句子】
（1）The legal aid system should be __________（access） to more people.
（2）In some cases, you may not have access to seeing sensitive business data.____________
（3）Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms. ______
accessible
接触的机会
通道
（4）鉴于你对中国文化很感兴趣，我建议你申请北京大学，在那里你可以接触到更多的中国文化。
Considering your keen interest in Chinese culture， I suggest that you apply for Peking University， where you can _________________________________.［应用文写作之建议信］
gain access to more Chinese culture
10 worthwhile adj.值得做的；重要的；有益的；值得的
【经典例句】
①（教材P）If what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult, then I know what I'm doing is worthwhile.
作为一名教师，如果我所做的一切能帮助将一个像格雷厄姆一样的孩子转变成一个如此成功的大人，那么我知道我现在所做的都是值得的。
②（外研选必一U2）Even though being a camper has its challenges, I feel it is worthwhile.
尽管做一名露营者有很多挑战，但我觉得这是值得的。
（1）It's worthwhile doing/to do sth. 值得做某事。
（2）worth adj. 值得的；有……价值
be worth+n. 值得……
be worth doing 值得做……
be worth it…… 是值得的
（3）worthy adj. 值得（或应得）……的；值得尊敬的；值得赞赏的
be worthy of+n. 值得……
be worthy to be done/be worthy of being done 值得被做
【补全句子/一句多译】
（1）（译林选必一U4）As long as the journey of poetry reading makes you feel something or lets you perceive another level of meaning, it will have _____________________（值得你的努力）.
been worth your effort
（2）这本参考书值得买，因为它对你的英语学习有很大帮助。
→The reference book _______________，because it is of great help to your English study.（worth）
→The reference book ____________________________________, because it is of great help to your English study.（worthy）
→____________________________ the reference book， because it is of great help to your English study.（worthwhile） ［应用文写作之建议信］
is worth buying
is worthy to be bought/of being bought
It is worthwhile buying/to buy
11 “if only...”意为“要是……就好了”
【经典例句】
①（教材P）Sometimes I think， if only I could call him and ask for his opinion!
有时我会想，要是能打电话征求他的意见就好了！
②If it were not for your timely assistance, I would have been in a great deal of trouble.
要不是你及时的帮助，我恐怕会陷入大麻烦中。
（1）“if only...”主要用于虚拟语气中,表示与现在相反的愿望用过去时；表示与过去相反的愿望用过去完成时；表示与将来相反的愿望用“would/could/should/might+do”；
（2）“only if...”意为“只有……”，引导真实条件句（置于句首，主句用部分倒装）；
（3）“if it were not for.../if it had not been for...”意为“要不是……；如果没有……”。
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1）If only I _____（have） the chance to become an educationalist, I would devote myself to inspiring and guiding young minds！
had
（2）If only I __________________________（be） able to study at a key university next year！
（3）If only I ___________（know） the significance of working hard when I was at college！
would/could/should/might be
had known
（4）学生只有得到老师的许可才能离开教室。
Only if a teacher has given permission _________________________
_________________.
is a student allowed to leave the classroom
12 the first day/time引导时间状语从句
【经典例句】
①（教材P）The first day he walked into my class， he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking bored.
他第一天走进我的班级时，书包在身后拖着，一副百无聊赖的样子。
②（译林必修二U1）Hopefully, next time you go to the cinema, you'll spare a thought for all those talented people behind the scenes.
希望下次你们走进电影院时，能想一想所有幕后那些才华出众的人们。
（1）each/every time 每次……
next time 下次……
the last time 上次……
（2）the moment/the minute/the instant/instantly/immediately/directly
一……就……
【补全句子】
（1）（2023·全国甲卷）____________________________（我们第一次住在那里的时候）, we heard the chug-chug-chug of a motorbike making its way down the hill toward us.
The first time we stayed there
（2）I knew for sure that ____________________________（每次我失去耐心的时候） I would remember my grandfather's words.［应用文写作之人物介绍］
each/every time I lost patience
PART
04
课堂微练 即时检验
Ⅰ.品句填词
1.I'm going to become a teacher after my graduation, for teaching is considered as a _______（有价值的） profession.
2.Students learned the _________（实际的） application of the theory they had learned in the classroom.
3.We would be ________（感激的） for any information you can give us.
4.Confucius is a renowned e____________ of our country and his education theory influence is profound.
5.Susan has many friends because she is an o________ person.
worthy
practical
grateful
ducationalist
utgoing
6.If you _____（缺乏） confidence in yourself, you won't do your work well.
lack
7.Tourists should keep in mind that they are representing their motherland while abroad, so they need to be cautious about their __________（行为）.
behaviour
8.What I found __________（难以置信的） was the way the characters moved on stage and I even doubted whether the performers were really athletes.
incredible
9.She was __________（极其） disappointed when he cancelled their dinner reservation.
10.All the citizens in our city have a______ to this park without paying.
11.________（幽默） makes average-looking people look cute and uninteresting people seem entertaining.
extremely
ccess
Humour
Ⅱ.词块运用
1.We _________________________（因机会而感激） to have been able to go green and educate others.
2.It was really annoying； I couldn't ___________________________（有机会接触数据库） you had recommended.
3.The bills ______________________（总计为1 000美元）, which I can't afford.
are grateful for the chance
have access to the data bank
add up to 1,000 dollars
4.The FAST telescope that is now officially put into operation _________________（值得关注） as it can help explore more about the universe.
is worthy of note
5.As someone noted in this paper ______________________（几周以前）, they eat great food and never gain weight.
6.As far as I know， they have abandoned carrying out the plan __________________（因缺钱）.
7.I am very curious about how Tom _________________________（在他的学习方面做得如此好）.
8.____________（有时）， he went to the countryside to spend the weekend.
a couple of weeks ago
for lack of money
does so well in his studies
On occasion
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示并使用本部分句式结构完成下面的小短文
I 1.____________________________________________________
（自从我进入高中以来，我遇到了很多好老师；since引导时间状语从句）, but Mrs. Lee is my favourite teacher. She always 2._________
____________（让我感到自信；make sb. do sth.） when I begin to feel nervous. The most impressive thing for me is 3._____________________________________________________（有一
have met with many good teachers since I entered high school
makes me
that once in her class, she asked me to give a presentation
feel confident
次在她的课上，她让我做报告；that引导表语从句）. 4.________________________________________（我第一次在班级里做报告时；the first time引导时间状语从句）， I had no idea what I should say at first, but with her encouragement， I succeeded finally.
The first time I gave a presentation in class(共57张PPT)
课后巩固 多维提能
［基础知识巩固练］
维度一 词形转换和动词的形式变换
1.（2023·浙江卷1月）It was a hummingbird （蜂鸟）, ___________（desperate） trying to escape.
desperately
2.I have something urgent to handle and therefore, I have to cancel the ____________ with you, and I ____________ my brother to meet you at the airport.（appoint）
appointment
will appoint
3.The reason why I have a __________（prefer） for Youth is that it has accompanied me throughout my high school years.
preference
4.He returned with the _________（intend） of spending the New Year with his family.
intention
5.He found he could no longer deal with his ___________（demand） job.
demanding
6.Although these measures are not _________（effect） forever, they are important now.
effective
7.Haytor is a tourist-heavy area and tourists are __________（constant） feeding the horses food.
constantly
8.Studies indicate that confident people tend to be healthier due to the positive effects of emotion __________（associate） with happiness and satisfaction.
associated
9.We had _______（bare） enough money to last through the weekend.
barely
10.It is certain that they still face challenges in turning this potential into _______（real）.
reality
维度二 固定用法和搭配
1.He was upset ____________ the failure in the contest， which made him awake all night.
about/at/over
2.I felt so ashamed ___ myself for making such a fuss.
of
3.Not once ____（do） he give up for lack of experience and confidence.
did
4.Faced with failure and difficulty，____ no account should we give in easily.
on
5.______ all， he is a child so that we should give him a chance to make mistakes and correct them.
After
6.For many people, it's so easy to obsess _____ minor issues.
over
7.Out ___ touching distance, I could enjoy the view of snowy mountains.
of
8.Sitting back in the car ____ the way to the airport, I figured it all out.
on
9.Everybody must check ________ the pages to see if any is missing.
through
10.One day a couple ___ weeks into the summer he came to me and said he had made a mistake.
11.We usually associate it _____ living things: a wish to preserve its own existence.
12.Whenever these girls get together, they chatter ______ non-stop.
of
with
away
维度三 完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
1.直到那时我突然意识到没有人比我更幸福了。（“否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义）
It was not until then that I suddenly realized ____________________
_____________.
nobody was happier
than I was
2.他永远不会放弃追求梦想的目标。（倒装句）
_____________________ the aim of pursuing his dream.
Never will he give up
3.（2023·全国乙卷）通过赢得奥运会全能冠军，她成为第一个获得此殊荣的黑人女性。（the+序数词+名词+to do sth.）
By winning the Olympic all-around title，she ____________________
____________________.
became the first black
woman to do so
4.He was upset that his proposal was not discussed at the meeting.
→________________________ his proposal was not discussed at the meeting. （what引导的主语从句）
→________________ his proposal was not discussed at the meeting. （it作形式主语）
→His proposal was not discussed at the meeting, ________________.（定语从句）
What upset him was that
It upset him that
which upset him
5.我是如此沮丧，以至于我不能保持冷静并解决这个问题。
（1）I ____________________ I cannot remain calm and solve the problem.（so...that...）
（2）______________________ I cannot remain calm and solve the problem.（倒装句）
am so depressed that
So depressed am I that
维度四 融合教材·主题探究
【改编自人教必修二U3】
Jan Tchamani, an English teacher in Birmingham, UK, suddenly developed a serious illness and had to quit her job. At age 50, she found herself out of work and stuck at home with only her computer to keep her company. After a while, she discovered that surfing the Internet could help her feel less lonely and bored. She could listen to music, watch films, play games, and explore the
world. She also joined an online group where she could talk about her problems and get support and advice from others. She realised that one of the greatest benefits of the Internet was its ability to remove the distance that usually exists between people.
She was so inspired by the people she met online that she decided to start an IT club to teach older people how to use computers and the Internet. She and her friends now organise events and collect money to pay for private teachers. Many people have
been helped by the club. A 59-year-old man learnt how to apply for work online and found a great job. Now that he works and can take care of himself, his daughter has time to study at university. A 61-year-old woman who was living alone has started a small online company together with two friends. She no longer feels lonely, and her company has become quite successful.
1.What helped Jan remove her loneliness ( )
A.Surfing the Internet.
B.The family support.
C.Getting advice from others.
D.Her students from her school.
√
2.Which of the following is NOT what Jan got from the Internet ( )
A.Reducing her loneliness and boredom.
B.Curing her serious illness.
C.Exploring the world.
D.Getting advice from others.
√
3.What's the purpose of Jan's starting an IT club ( )
A.To earn money for herself online.
B.To make some friends online.
C.To teach older people to use computers and the Internet.
D.To remove her loneliness through the club.
4.What's the purpose of the two examples in paragraph 2 ( )
A.To show how to use the Internet.
B.To explain how to apply for jobs.
C.To praise the spirit of the two people.
D.To prove Jan's efforts to be successful.
√
√
［综合能力提升练］
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2025·浙江9+1高中联盟期中）In the park, there are 9，485 of them. You sit on them. To rest. Read a book. Wait for a friend. Or it's such a day when you have nothing to do, and this is a delicious place to accomplish absolutely nothing. Or you can drift off and muse on the plaque （纪念牌） attached there, representing a story behind the bench. The Central Park bench. You aren't just sitting on wood. You are sitting on memories.
Caitlin LaMorte was the development manager for the Adopt-a-Bench program which began in 1986 as a way to finance the maintenance of the benches. If you can afford it, it's simple enough. Pay $10，000 and you get to put a plaque on a bench, saying almost whatever you want, up to a suggested maximum of four lines of 30 characters each. And then it's there forever. Up to now, 4，223 of the benches have been adopted. While plenty of benches remain unadopted, all the benches facing the lake are sold out.
Benches can serve many purposes. Quite often, they're adopted to remember a relative or friend. Or on occasion, a pet. Increasingly, Ms. LaMorte said, “We have more plaques that are happy.” Graduations or birthdays or birth wishes or wedding gifts.
Last year, Karen May figured she would adopt a bench for her children. When her elder son, Theodore, proposed to his girlfriend, Lucinda, he wrote a brief children's book for her called “Two Red Foxes,” because foxes were a recurring theme in her upbringing （a fox sped across the field when her father proposed to her mother）. The foxes were stand-ins for Ms. May's son and his bride-to-be. And there was the fact that her younger son, Thornwell, went by
the nickname Pup. So there is a bench facing the lake that reads, “Two Red Foxes and a Pup.” People will sit there and not know what it means. But Ms. May knows.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了中央公园长椅及其背后的领养计划，人们付费可在长椅上放纪念牌，纪念亲人、朋友或特殊事件，传递回忆与情感。
1.What is the Adopt-a-Bench program intended for ( )
A.Raising funds for bench care.
B.Placing more plaques on benches.
C.Marketing the unadopted benches.
D.Attracting visitors to the central park.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Caitlin LaMorte was the development manager...as a way to finance the maintenance of the benches.”可知，该计划的主要目的是为长椅的维护筹集资金。
√
2.What does the underlined word “stand-ins” probably mean ( )
A.Relatives. B.Wishes. C.Symbols. D.Gifts.
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“When her elder son...（a fox sped across the field when her father proposed to her mother）”可知，狐狸代表了梅女士的儿子和他的未婚妻。由此可推知，画线词为“代表”之意。
√
3.Why did Karen May adopt the bench ( )
A.To remember two red foxes and a puppy.
B.To secure a lakeside bench for family use.
C.To promote her son's newly published book.
D.To celebrate her children's special moments.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，凯伦·梅领养长椅是为了庆祝她孩子的特殊时刻。
√
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage ( )
A.Adopt-a-Bench Program B.Two Red Foxes and a Pup
C.Benches with Stories to Tell D.A Creative Gift in the Park
解析：标题归纳题。根据文章第一段以及全文内容可知，文章讲述了通过领养长椅计划，人们可以在长椅上放置纪念牌，讲述自己的故事和情感，使得长椅有了生命和故事。由此可知，C项最适合作文章标题。
√
B
（2025·兖州期中）Saliha Gündüz, a PhD student, has just handed over her smartphone to one of the founders of The Offline Club, who places it carefully in a “phone hotel”—a locker with dividers that holds up to 60 phones. Gündüz said she didn't feel worried yet and she settled down with a cup of tea. “The withdrawal symptoms （脱瘾症状） will kick in later,” she said， “But maybe a withdrawal is what's needed if I'm going to cure myself of my addiction.”
The club's founders—Ilya Kneppelhout, Valentijn Klok and Jordy van Bennekom—started the project in 2022 with a plan to host offline weekend getaways. Kneppelhout said, at the time, each of the co-founders felt their phones had been controlling their lives. Earlier that year, he took a short trip to the north of the Netherlands on his own with some books and a journal. No phone. He said something shifted over those four days. “I felt so much creativity and, at the same time, a sense of peace.”
Jordy van Bennekom did the same and loved it. He began organizing weekend getaways in groups in a house in the countryside. Everyone was required to hand over their phones upon arrival. The three-day events were a hit. So, the idea of The Offline Club was born.
There is something that members must follow in the evening. First, there are 45 minutes of quiet time, then a 30-minute break to chat, and then further 30 minutes of time to yourself.
Most people bring books to read. Soft music plays in the background as Jordy van Bennekom lays out coloring books and markers for anyone who wants to draw.
Smartphones were prohibited in secondary schools across the country under government guidelines. A similar prohibition was introduced in Dutch primary schools in the 2024-2025 school year. A study by Radboud University found that students were generally supportive of the change, saying breaks were more enjoyable.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“线下俱乐部”提供无手机周末度假，帮助人们摆脱手机依赖。
5.How did the short trip affect Kneppelhout ( )
A.He changed his career.
B.He gained a sense of achievement.
C.He found the peace of mind.
D.He got free of his phone addiction.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I felt so much creativity and, at the same time, a sense of peace.”可知，克纳珀尔霍特认为这次短程旅行让他感到有创造力且内心宁静。
√
6.Which can best describe the three-day events held by Bennekom ( )
A.Tiring. B.Comforting. C.Popular. D.Stressful.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The three-day events were a hit. So, the idea of The Offline Club was born.”可推知，这些为期三天的活动很受欢迎。
√
7.What can be learned about The Offline Club ( )
A.It has strict rules for members.
B.It requires members to bring books.
C.It enjoys great popularity in schools.
D.It studies the effects of phone addiction.
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“There is something...30 minutes of time to yourself.”可知，该俱乐部有严格的规则。
√
8.What's students' attitude towards the smartphone limitation ( )
A.Critical. B.Positive. C.Unclear. D.Doubtful.
解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“A study by Radboud University...breaks were more enjoyable.”可推知，学生们对学校在智能手机上的限制持积极态度。
√
Ⅱ.七选五
Nobody Is Coming to Save You
As the title suggests, this article is about the idea that you can't depend on other people.1.______________________________________
__________________________________________. However, it's a message that certain people, myself included, desperately need to hear.
F.Naturally, this may come off as pessimistic and might contain some cruel truths
解析：上文提到不能依靠别人的观点，下文提到它是我们很多人迫切需要听到的信息。结合选项可知，F项承上启下，符合语境。
I want to be able to rely on others and trust them, and I genuinely try to do that. Yet, reality often lets me down. 2. _________________________________________________. At the end of the day, you have to realise that you are responsible for your own life and outcomes. Nobody is coming to save you. You have to learn to save yourself.
A.Promises aren't kept, and I've been exhausted by life
解析：上文提到现实往往令人失望。空处应该谈论那些令人失望的例子。A项承上启下，符合语境。
3. ______________________________________________________.
Hope that someone, somewhere, will read this and recognise that they've been leaving their fate in the hands of others for too long. Hope that one day, we'll all find our own paths: paths we've clawed our way onto, and paths that we rightfully belong on.
E.I'm writing this not out of spite or bitterness, but out of hope
解析：空处位于段首，是本段的主题句，本段下文内容阐明作者的写作意图。Hope词汇复现，下文出现的是希望的具体内容。E项引出下文，符合语境。
Let no one burn down the ladder you've worked so hard to build. Let no one take that place on the podium where you belong.
4. ______________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________.
G.If you've put in the work and fought your way to the top, no one can take that away from you
解析：空处位于段尾，根据上文可知，此处讲述了不要让他人毁掉我们建立起来的路，G项总结本段内容，符合语境。
Every time I've relied on someone else, I've felt that familiar sting of disappointment. There have been so many times that I tried placing trust in people, only to be met with silence and inaction. Those moments are tough. They've made me doubt whether I should have expectations for anyone at all, or if it would be better to isolate myself to avoid disappointment. But I realise that those moments have become my greatest teachers. They've shown me the importance of self-reliance, of forging my own path, no matter how
steep or rocky it may be.5. __________________________________
______________. It means recognising the limits of others and understanding that, ultimately, I am the architect of my own destiny.
D.This doesn't mean shutting people
out completely
解析：根据下文内容可知，空处应讲述作者所认识到的东西的意义。D项承上启下，符合语境，说明不把他人拒之门外，而是认识到他人的局限性，最终明白自己是自己命运的主人。
Once you accept that no one is coming to save you, you also realise that no one can take power away from you. The moment you take responsibility for your own journey, you can move forward with purpose and determination. You don't have to wait for someone else to unlock doors for you. You can create your own keys.
A.Promises aren't kept, and I've been exhausted by life.
B.So, as I keep moving forward, I'll honor the chance.
C.It means that you have the power to save yourself.
D.This doesn't mean shutting people out completely.
E.I'm writing this not out of spite or bitterness, but out of hope.
F.Naturally, this may come off as pessimistic and might contain some cruel truths.
G.If you've put in the work and fought your way to the top, no one can take that away from you.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了要自立，不要过多依靠他人的建议。
Ⅲ.完形填空
When I first began to learn photography,a photographer offered me a simple ___________________.__ for taking a good picture.
Don't just “point and ______.”, as one camera used to advertise. After ___________. your intended subject through the lens, pause and think about how you feel in the moment. Then after deciding the specific part of your subject that __________. that emotion, simply cut away everything else and press the button.
C.tip
A.shoot
D.spotting
B.aroused
This advice could also be. ______ to life. Focus on what matters most;. ____________ everything else. When we go about our lives with little challenge or difficulty,we may be tempted to “take it all in”,. ______. to focus on what matters most and then find it ______ to get rid of unnecessary things.
B.applied
D.let go of
B.failing
A.tough
Often it is not until our lives are in ______. that we suddenly realise that we've . __________ our focus. We have . ______. paid attention to the important aspects of existence—justice, kindness, and humanity.. ___________., we actually have a chance to focus again. As we make difficult ____________. about what offers meaning and purpose,we may discover that even . _________ things have the potential to turn good and beautiful. We just need to reframe the picture before us. Then we can _________. and pay attention to the meaningful things of life.
C.crisis
C.misplaced
B.rarely
D.However
D.decisions
C.negative
A.refocus
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述作者学习摄影的故事揭示了构建美好人生的真谛——人生如摄影,唯有聚焦重点才能收获美好。
1.( ) A.example B.reward C.tip D.course
解析：根据下文This advice可知，当作者开始学习摄影时,一名摄影师给作者提供了一条能拍摄出好照片的建议（tip）。
2.( ) A.shoot B.reframe C.catch D.focus
解析：根据上文for taking a good picture可知,这里指摁下快门拍照（shoot）。
3.( ) A.recognising B.considering
C.designing D.spotting
解析：根据常识可知，此处指你通过镜头发现（spot）拍照对象。
√
√
√
4.( ) A.maintained B.aroused C.recalled D.recovered
解析：根据上文“how you feel in the moment”可知，此处指所拍摄对象的哪一部分激起（arouse）了这种情绪。
5.( ) A.attributed B.applied C.adapted D.accustomed
解析：根据上文内容和语境可知，此处指上文所提到的关于摄影的建议也适用于（apply）生活。
√
√
6.( ) A.lose track of B.make use of
C.get hold of D.let go of
解析：根据下文get rid of unnecessary things可知，此处指要关注重要的事情,放下（let go of）其他的一切。
√
7.( ) A.struggling B.failing C.intending D.expecting
解析：根据上文“When we go about ...‘take it all in’”可知，当我们的生活几乎没有挑战和困难时,我们可能会忍不住全盘接受,因此没有（fail）把注意力集中在最重要的事情上，并且发现很难（tough）摆脱不必要的东西。
8.( ) A.tough B.strange C.easy D.aimless
解析：参见上题解析。
√
√
9.( ) A.surprise B.doubt C.crisis D.pride
解析：根据语境可知，此处指只有当我们的生活陷入危机（crisis）时,我们才会突然意识到我们把注意力放错了（misplace）地方。
10.( ) A.abandoned B.cancelled C.misplaced D.forgot
解析：参见上题解析。
11.( ) A.merely B.rarely C.generally D.usually
解析：根据下文“we actually have a chance to focus again”可知，此处指我们很少（rarely）注意重要的方面——正义、善良和人性。
√
√
√
12.( ) A.Thus B.Moreover C.Instead D.However
解析：空前说我们很少关注重要的方面,空后又说有机会重新关注,所以本句与上句是转折关系,应用However。
13.( ) A.comments B.requests C.promises D.decisions
解析：根据下文“what offers meaning and purpose”及语境可知，此处指做艰难的决定（decision）。
√
√
14.( ) A.impossible B.optimistic C.negative D.complex
解析：根据下文“have the potential to turn good and beautiful”可知，此处指负面的（negative）事情也有可能变得美好。
15.( ) A.refocus B.relax C.repair D.react
解析：根据上文“We just need to reframe the picture before us.”可知，此处是说我们有机会重新聚焦（refocus）并关注生活中有意义的事情。
√
√(共39张PPT)
UNIT 1 RELATIONSHIPS
Period 4 WRITING
主题引领 情境写作
1
写作一 应用文写作（关于活动的邀请信）
2
写作二 场景微续写（赛途逆袭）
PART
01
写作一 应用文写作（关于活动的邀请信）
假定你是李华，你校将举办音乐节。请你写一封邮件邀请你的英国朋友艾伦（Allen）参加，内容包括:1.举办时间;2.活动安排;3.欢迎他表演节目。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可适当增加细节,使行文连贯。
&1& 审题谋篇
&2& 遣词造句
字斟句酌添细节，写作框架雏形现
［第一段］ 开门见山，发出邀请
1.你一定听说了即将举办的音乐节。
You _______________________________ Music Festival.
2.这场音乐节将在我们学校举行。
This festival _________________________.
must have heard of the upcoming
will be held in our school
3.你对音乐非常感兴趣。
You ____________________ music.
4.我写信邀请你和我一起参加音乐节。
I'm writing to ___________________________________________.
take much interest in
invite you to participate in the festival with me
［第二段］ 交代活动的具体时间、地点以及活动内容
5.根据安排，它将于下周日的下午5点到8点在操场举行。
_____________, it _______________________________ from 5:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m. next Sunday.
As scheduled
will take place on the playground
6.此外，我们将坐在草地上，享受赞助商提供的美味食物和饮料。
Additionally, we'll sit on the grass and enjoy the tasty food and drinks ____________________.
provided by sponsors
7.我们将完全沉浸在美妙的节目中。
We'll ____________________________________________.
8.此外，届时你也被期待登上舞台。
Furthermore, you _______________________ onto the stage then.
be fully absorbed in the fascinating performances
are also expected to step
［第三段］ 期待对方接受邀请
9.我真诚地希望你能来并与我分享这个快乐的时刻。
I sincerely hope that you could come and _______________________
________.
share this joyful moment with me
巧用单元句式，靓化表达促提升
10.［读教材原句］ （教材P）It's funny that my friends and I chatter away online so much, but we end up having nothing to say when we meet.
［记句式］ 动词不定式作定语
［学仿写］ 用动词不定式作定语合并句1和句2
________________________________________________________________________
You must have heard of the upcoming Music Festival to be held in our school.
11.［读教材原句］ （教材P）Since I spend so much time socialising online, I keep delaying things that are important in my real life.
［记句式］ since引导原因状语从句
［学仿写］ 用since引导原因状语从句合并句3和句4
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Since you take much interest in music, I'm writing to invite you to participate in the festival with me.
12.［读教材原句］ （教材P）During the final round, as a judge, you would be responsible for listening to all the speeches, noting down any positive or negative aspects for each one.
［记句式］ 分词作状语
［学仿写］ 用分词作状语合并句6和句7
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Additionally, sitting on the grass and enjoying the tasty food and drinks provided by sponsors, we'll be fully absorbed in the fascinating performances.
&3& 衔接成篇
_______
One possible version：
Dear Allen,
You must have heard of the upcoming Music Festival to be held in our school. Since you take much interest in music, I'm writing to invite you to participate in the festival with me.
As scheduled, it will take place on the playground from 5:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m. next Sunday. Additionally, sitting on the grass and enjoying the tasty food and drinks provided by sponsors, we'll be fully absorbed in the fascinating performances. Furthermore, you are also expected to step onto the stage then.
I sincerely hope that you could come and share this joyful moment with me. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
假定你是李华，你校将于下周五举办跳绳（skipping rope）比赛。请你用英语给你校英国交换生史蒂文（Steven）写一封电子邮件并邀请他参加。内容包括：
1.时间和地点；
2.比赛形式；
3.奖项设置。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Steven，
_____
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear Steven，
I have a piece of good news to tell you that there will be a skipping rope competition at our school's playground next Friday. I sincerely invite you to join us.
The competition will include individual rope skipping and team rope skipping events. The student or the team who skips the most will win the first prize, and additional prizes will be given to the players in the top 10.
I sincerely hope you can join us. I'm looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
第一段 开门见山，发出邀请 1.It's my pleasure/a great honour for me to invite you to attend the talk show.
我很荣幸邀请你参加这次脱口秀。
2.I'm writing on behalf of my whole family to invite you to join us for dinner.
我代表全家人写信邀请你和我们共进晚餐。
第一段 开门见山，发出邀请 3.I'm writing on behalf of the Students' Union to tell you a piece of good news that our school table tennis team will look for more fresh members this term.
我代表学生会写信告诉你一个好消息，我们学校的乒乓球队将在这个学期寻找更多的新成员。
续表
第一段 开门见山，发出邀请 4.Our school is going to hold an exhibition on traditional Chinese culture, including paper-cuts, drawings, hand-made works and so on. I'm writing to invite you to join us.
我们学校将举办一个中国传统文化方面的展览，内容包括剪纸、绘画、手工作品等。我写信邀请你加入我们。
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第二段 交代活动的具体时间、地点及活动内容 1.We are going to meet at the school gate before 8:00 a.m. and then take our school bus to go to the village, which will take us back at 5:00 p.m.我们将在上午8点前在学校门口见面。然后坐我们的校车去村里，下午五点校车将送我们回来。
续表
第二段 交代活动的具体时间、地点及活动内容 2.Going outdoors to have a trip has become a new trend, from which we can get close to nature and enjoy the scenery.去户外旅行已经成为一种新趋势，从中我们可以亲近自然并欣赏风景。
3.A variety of activities will be held, such as climbing, having a picnic, planting trees and so on.我们将举办各种活动，如爬山、野餐、植树等。
续表
第二段 交代活动的具体时间、地点及活动内容 4.What's more, after the trip, we will show you around a local museum, where you can enjoy many antique artworks. 此外，旅行后，我们将带您参观当地的博物馆，在那里您可以欣赏许多古老的艺术品。
5.In order to have a pleasant journey, you had better bring proper clothes, a camera, and some medicine for common injuries or diseases and so on.为了旅途愉快，你最好带上合适的衣服、相机以及一些治疗常见损伤或疾病等的药物。
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第三段 期待对方接受邀请 1.My family and I would feel honored if you could come.如果你能来，我和家人将会倍感荣幸。
2.Would you please let me know as soon as possible if you can accept my invitation 请尽快告诉我你能否接受我的邀请，好吗？
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第三段 期待对方接受邀请 3.If you come, I'm sure you will have a good time during your study here.如果你来，我确信你在这里学习期间一定会过得很愉快。
4.We earnestly request your presence at the exhibition and share your masterpieces.我们诚挚地请您出席展览并分享您的杰作。
5.We'd appreciate it if you could be present.如果您能出席，我们将会非常感激。
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PART
02
写作二 场景微续写（赛途逆袭）
词汇积累 ［动作描写］ commit oneself to， acknowledge， defeat， analyse， flee， found， insist on， come to power， encounter， mourn
［人物描写］ committed， academic， property， novelist， politician， genius， gentle， passion→passionate， extraordinary， moustache， peculiarity， professor， remarkable
佳句积累 ［人物描写］ 1.Tu Youyou， a committed and patient scientist， was born in Ningbo， China， on 30 December 1930， and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955.
2.Einstein was not only a genius；he was a courageous and kind figure loved by many people.
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佳句积累 3.To the public， he was seen as a slightly odd-looking but kind and funny man.
［比喻］ He had a thick moustache and long white hair， which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock.
［主旨升华］ It is indeed an honour for China's scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.
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［场景呈现］ 在数学竞赛中遭遇失败后，汤姆感到沮丧，但他没有放弃。他决心弄清楚自己的错误，并花了几个小时分析自己的表现。尽管遇到了许多挑战，但对数学的热情激励着他，他依然坚持每天练习。几个月的努力得到了回报，他不仅提升了自己的能力，还对复杂问题有了更深的理解。他的努力使他在下一次竞赛中赢得了最高奖项，证明了失败只是通往成功的垫脚石。
After 1.____________________ in the math competition, Tom felt upset but refused to give up. He 2._________________________
______________________ and spent hours 3._____________________.
Despite encountering numerous challenges, he 4._________________
every day, 5._____________________________ （过去分词短语作状语）. Months of hard work paid off when he not only improved his skills but also developed a deeper understanding of complex problems. His efforts led him to win the top prize in the next competition,
experiencing a defeat
committed himself to
understanding his mistakes
analysing his performance
insisted on practicing
fueled by his passion for maths
6.________________________________________________（现在分词短语作状语）.
proving that failure is just a stepping stone to success
短语必记 1.dedicate oneself to 致力于
5.devote time and energy to 投入时间和精力于
2.give one's all倾尽全力 6.selfless dedication无私奉献
3.go above and beyond全力以赴
7.work tirelessly for...不辞辛劳地为……工作
4.put one's heart and soul into全心全意投入
8.sacrifice personal interests for牺牲个人利益以换取
必背金句 1.He works tirelessly day and night to improve the community's living conditions.
他不分昼夜、不知疲倦地工作，以改善社区的居住条件。
2.He has devoted his entire career to finding a cure for the disease.
他整个职业生涯都致力于寻找这种疾病的治疗方法。
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必背金句 3.The teacher gave her all to ensure that every student received a quality education, which in turn helped students achieve their full potential.
这位老师倾尽全力确保每个学生都能获得优质教育，这反过来帮助学生充分发挥他们的潜力。
续表
必背金句 4.Because she dedicated her life to improving the lives of poor children, she has become a role model for many. 因为她致力于改善贫困儿童的生活，她已经成为许多人的榜样。
5.He put his heart and soul into helping those in need, often sacrificing his own time.
他全心全意帮助那些有需要的人，常常牺牲自己的时间。
续表(共56张PPT)
课后巩固 多维提能
［基础知识巩固练］
维度一 词形转换和动词的形式变换
1.The staff should make sure the kids have an enjoyable and ___________（education） day.
educational
2.Sometimes, we should learn how to express ourselves ____________（humourous）.
humourously
3.One day he invited me to his house for the weekend, and I accepted __________（grateful）.
gratefully
4.The team has great potential, but they are currently ________（lack） in experience.
lacking
5.He ____________（occasional） visits his grandparents who live in another city.
occasionally
6.Being back with their family should provide __________（emotion） stability for the children.
emotional
7.The proposal, which outlines a plan _______（worth） of the company's long-term vision, has been approved by the board of directors.
worthy
8.There's going to be a ____________（present） of prizes in the hall tomorrow.
presentation
9.Tango is a __________（passion） dance， which brings the dancers together in a way words can't express.
passionate
10.As we all know, the quality of customer service is __________（extreme） important.
extremely
11.We can offer you _________（practice） suggestions on how to increase the fibre in your daily diet.
practical
12.On top of its __________（incredible） amazing scenery, the park is also famous for its rich biological diversity.
incredibly
维度二 固定用法和搭配
1.When he arrived at home, he found the house was broken _____.
into
2.The actor was invited to share his path ___ success with us.
to
3.This is the only access ___ his house because it is almost surrounded by water.
to
4.It is dangerous for a 3-year-old kid to jump ____ the stonewall.
off
5.I admire him because he does well ___ everything he sets his mind on.
in
6.How come you are so good ___ making fun of people
at
7.True friends are those you can lean ____ when you are in trouble.
on
8.They have set ____ an experiment to prove their previous theory.
up
9.By heating the cube, you will turn ice _____ water.
into
10.It won't take long before you get used ___ the climate here.
to
11.She stared at the girl as if seeing her ____ the first time.
for
12.It is worthwhile ___________________（discuss） the problem.
to discuss/discussing
维度三 完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
1.每次我走进图书馆，迎接我的都是一种平静的氛围。
___________________________________, I'm greeted with an atmosphere of peace.
Each/Every time I step into the library
2.由于准备不足，我面试失败了。要是我再有一次机会就好了!
I fail the interview for lack of preparation. ______________________
_______
If only I had another chance!
3.His suggestion put forward at the conference is worth considering.
→His suggestion put forward at the conference __________________
_____________________________.
→____________________________________ his suggestion put forward at the conference.
is worthy of being
considered/to be considered
It is worthwhile considering/to consider
4.Scientists have observed this phenomenon for the first time.
→__________________________________________________________（it作形式主语）
It is the first time that scientists have observed this phenomenon.
5.由于缺乏足够的训练，我们在即将到来的比赛中很难取胜。
（1）______________________, we will have great trouble in winning the coming match.（分词作状语）
（2）__________________________, we will have great trouble in winning the coming match.（原因状语从句）
（3）__________________________, we will have great trouble in winning the coming match.（介词短语作状语）
Lacking enough training
As we lack enough training
For lack of enough training
维度四 融合教材·主题探究
【改编自人教选必一U4】
As an educator, people often ask me how I know what is going on in the minds of my students. Many students are quite shy and don't speak all that much. At the same time, in a classroom of more than forty students, it is hard to have many one-on-one conversations with each person. So, how can I really know what makes each student tick
My answer I look at their body language.
It is easy to recognise when students are interested in a lesson. Most tend to look up and make eye contact. When I make a joke, they smile. When I talk about something difficult, they look confused. I know when students are really interested, however, because they lean forward and look at me. People have a tendency to lean towards whatever they are interested in. So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch, it implies he is bored and
just counting the minutes for the class to end. If two friends are leaning their heads together, they are probably writing notes to each other. Of course, not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class. Some students look up, but there is an absence of eye contact. Their eyes barely move, and they always have the same distant expression on their faces. It is as though they are asleep with their eyes open.
1.How can the writer know what makes each student tick ( )
A.By having one-on-one conversations with each student.
B.By talking with some students.
C.By observing students' body language.
D.By asking them to write a letter to the teacher.
2.If students are not interested in a lesson, what may they do ( )
A.They may look up and make eye contact.
B.They may lean forward and look at the teacher.
C.They may lower their heads and look at the watch.
D.They may smile when the teacher makes a joke.
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3.What may people do if they are interested in something ( )
A.They may lean forward. B.They may lower their heads.
C.They may glare at you. D.They may tilt their heads.
4.What does it mean if a student constantly makes eye contact with a teacher ( )
A.He/She isn't interested in what the teacher says.
B.He/She wants to raise a question.
C.He/She does like the teacher.
D.He/She is interested in the teacher's lesson.
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［综合能力提升练］
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2025·菏泽期中）Researchers from the Yale Child Study Center collected 21 days of daily diaries from parents and teens from 151 families. Participating teens were in the 9th and 10th grades, and ranged from 13 to 16 years old. Slightly more female teens participated. By analyzing these diaries, the researchers could connect parents' displays of warmth with daily fluctuations （波动） in how loved their teens were feeling. “The daily methodology is suited to providing caregivers with practical suggestions for daily life,” says Beata Ujvari, who was not involved in the study.
Regardless of the general closeness of the parent-teen relationship, the researchers found that teens reported feeling more loved on days when parents reported showing more warmth in the form of affection, understanding, or praise. Likewise, teens reported feeling less loved on days when parents reported more conflicts than usual. More importantly, the researchers also found that parents could weaken the impact of conflicts by showing their teens warmth.
In their words, on days when parents were warm, high levels of conflicts didn't reduce how loved teens felt.
To weaken conflicts' impact, warmth had to be shown on the same day, but the warmth and conflicts did not need to be related, the researchers said.
“Parents often complain about the conflicts they are experiencing with their children,” said John Coffey, the study's lead author, “but our study suggests conflicts are manageable.”
The study adds to a growing body of evidence suggesting daily fluctuations in feeling loved are common even in long-term relationships. How parents and teens communicate and resolve conflicts may be most important to maintaining a healthy relationship in the long term, said the researchers.
“The study findings are particularly useful right now,” added Coffey, “because parents and their children are spending much time together. Finding ways to be kind and warm will help lessen potential conflicts and ensure children feel loved.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了耶鲁儿童研究中心的研究人员收集父母和青少年的日记，分析发现父母表达温暖与青少年感受到的被爱程度之间的日常波动的联系。
1.What does Beata Ujvari think of the study method ( )
A.It is good. B.It is simple.
C.It is popular. D.It is creative.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“‘The daily methodology...for daily life,’ says Beata Ujvari”可知，他认为这种方法很好。
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2.What does the underlined word “affection” in paragraph 2 mean ( )
A.Care. B.Hope. C.Humor. D.Silence.
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，affection与understanding和praise是并列关系，意思应该相近，而understanding和praise都是积极正面的词，所以affection应是“关爱”之意，与A项意思相近。
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3.How can parents reduce conflicts' effect on their teens according to the passage ( )
A.By spending more time with their teens.
B.By displaying emotional warmth on the same day.
C.By showing understanding related to the conflicts.
D.By expressing agreement on whatever their teens say.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，父母在发生冲突的同一天表现出情感上的温暖可以减少冲突对孩子的影响。
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4.In which section of a newspaper may this passage appear ( )
A.Life. B.Science. C.Culture. D.Biology.
解析：文章出处题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段内容可知，文章主要介绍了耶鲁儿童研究中心的研究人员收集父母和青少年的日记，分析发现父母表达温暖与青少年感受到的被爱程度之间的日常波动的联系，这属于家庭教育的范畴，与生活息息相关。由此推知，本文应该出现在报纸的“生活”版块。
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B
（2025·福州八县市协作校期中）
How Social Media Has Changed Language
Social media has had an immeasurable impact on the world. It has increased interconnectivity and sped up the spread of information,
but its biggest impact of all might be the changes it has made to language.
Dozens of terms and phrases have originated on social media. “Selfie” was named word of the year by the Oxford English Dictionary in 2013 and “Face with Tears of Joy” emoji in 2015. Many social media slangs like “hashtag”, “lol” and “emoji” are included in the dictionary and have become commonplace due to wide usage on social media platforms.
Other social media words are new combinations of words. Photobomb, for instance, describes the phenomenon of intruding （闯入） on somebody's photograph, which came about due to the success of image-sharing platforms.
Social media has done more than invent new words and combine existing ones. It has completely transformed the meaning of a large portion of our language. The word “add” means sending an invite to connect social media accounts. “Likes” are now a numerical measurement of popularity.
So far, we have only discussed social media's effect on English, but it also has major impacts on cross-language communication. Some social media platforms have a built-in translation function that intends to minimize linguistic barriers between users. This has been described as “surprisingly accurate”. But as a translation agency points out, social media usage across cultures differs greatly, and no built-in algorithm （算法） can translate this.
Another way social media has made progress in breaking down the language barrier is with AI chatbots. Chatbots are gaining popularity on social media for their smart interactions. Some have said chatbots could eventually be used to teach languages. They say the best way of learning a language is to try speaking it, and with social media dominating communication, who's to say speaking to a chatbot is not just as good
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了社交媒体对语言发展的影响，包括新词汇的创造、旧词意的变化以及对跨文化交流的促进作用。
5.How has social media contributed to the development of language in paragraph 2 ( )
A.By introducing new vocabulary.
B.By encouraging formal language usage.
C.By changing the original meaning of words.
D.By improving cross-cultural communication.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句以及后面所举的例子可知，社交媒体引入了语言新词汇。
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6.Which word has changed its meaning due to social media ( )
A.Emoji. B.Selfie. C.Add. D.Photobomb.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The word ‘add’ means sending an invite to connect social media accounts.”及常识可知，add这个词由于社交媒体而改变了其意义，现在指的是发送邀请以连接社交媒体账户。
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7.What does the translation agency say about the translation function of social media platforms ( )
A.It lacks accuracy in practical application.
B.It fails to recognize informal language.
C.It should further improve the built-in algorithm.
D.It does not fully deal with cultural differences in language use.
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“But as a translation agency...can translate this.”可推知，社交媒体平台的翻译功能没有完全解决语言使用中的文化差异问题。
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8.According to the last paragraph, what is some people's attitude towards chatbots when it comes to language learning ( )
A.Positive. B.Negative. C.Indifferent. D.Uncertain.
解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可知，聊天机器人因其智能互动而在社交媒体上越来越受欢迎，与聊天机器人对话也是一种学习方式，这表明一些人对聊天机器人在语言学习方面的作用持积极态度。
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Ⅱ.完形填空
（2025·泰安期中）One day in North Carolina, Kenji “Flash” Bowen, a former high school athlete, became a hero. He was driving with his wife when they encountered a ._____________. . .___. _______. road after a storm. Bowen saw a pickup truck on the other side of the road, moving
. .___. ______. towards the rising waters. He tried to . .___. ______. the driver with his car lights, but the driver didn't . .___. ______.._____________. Soon, the truck got stuck in the flood and started . .___. ______. towards a deep ditch（沟）.
D.flooded
B.slowly
A.signal
C.notice
D.floating
Bowen quickly jumped out of his car and . .___. ___—————————— into the strong, fast moving water. He reached the truck just as it began .——____.___ . .___. ________..
Inside, a man and a woman were trapped. They tried to open the car doors, but the water pressure made it ._________.____ . .___. ________...______. Bowen helped the woman climb out through the . .___. ________.., where his wife was waiting to help her. After that, Bowen went back to save the man and his dog, pulling both out of the truck.
A.ran
C.going down
D.impossible
B.window
The woman was unharmed but shaken, . .___. ________. the man was in a state of shock. Even though Bowen was an outstanding
. .___. ________.., he admitted that he didn't like swimming or deep water. But in this dangerous situation, his . .___. ________. thinking and courage saved the couple and their dog from drowning.
After the rescue, Bowen collapsed（突然坐下） beside the road, tired but . .___. ________... His . .___. ________. . shows how ordinary people can become heroes in life-threatening moments. . .___. ________.. for the couple and their dog, Bowen was faster than the dangerous floodwaters.
A.while
A.sportsman
B.quick
C.relieved
C.bravery
D.Fortunately
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了曾是高中运动员的“闪电侠”鲍恩从被洪水淹没的道路上救出一对夫妇和他们的狗后，成了北卡罗来纳州的英雄的故事。
1.( ) A.dirty B.crowded C.narrow D.flooded
解析：根据下文after a storm以及“the truck got stuck in the flood”可知，此处应表示鲍恩和他的妻子在开车时遇到了一条被水淹没的（flooded）道路。
2.( ) A.freely B.slowly C.hardly D.softly
解析：根据下文towards the rising waters并结合语境可知，此处应表示鲍恩看到路的另一边有一辆小货车，正慢慢地（slowly）驶向上涨的水面。
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3.( ) A.signal B.follow C.scare D.encourage
解析：根据上文内容以及下文“the driver with his car lights”可推知，此处应表示他试图用车灯示意（signal）小货车司机。
4.( ) A.hear B.ignore C.notice D.believe
解析：根据上文but可知，此处应表示他试图用车灯示意小货车司机，但司机没有注意到（notice）。
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5.( ) A.flying B.falling C.rolling D.floating
解析：根据上文“the truck got stuck in the flood”并结合常识可知，此处应表示小货车被困在洪水中，开始向一条深沟漂（float）去。
6.( ) A.ran B.jogged C.stepped D.dropped
解析：根据上文jumped out of his car以及下文the strong, fast moving water可知，此处应表示鲍恩快速从车里跳了出来，冲（run）进了湍急的河水中。
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7.( ) A.pulling over B.turning around
C.going down D.breaking down
解析：根据上文“He reached the truck just as”并结合语境可知，此处应表示就在小货车开始下沉（go down）时，他到达了那里。
8.( ) A.heavy B.dangerous C.secure D.impossible
解析：根据上文“They tried to open the car doors，but the water pressure”并结合常识可知，此处应表示水压使他们打开车门是不可能的（impossible）。
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9.( ) A.door B.window C.bottom D.back
解析：根据上文提到的水压使他们无法打开车门，并结合常识可知，此处应表示鲍恩帮助那个女人从窗户（window）爬了出去。
10.( ) A.while B.since C.when D.unless
解析：根据上文“The woman was unharmed but shaken”以及下文“the man was in a state of shock”可知，此处应表示这名女子没有受伤，但受到了惊吓，而（while）这名男子则处于震惊状态。
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11.( ) A.sportsman B.driver C.captain D.rescuer
解析：根据上文“a former high school athlete”可知，此处应表示尽管鲍恩是一名杰出的运动员（sportsman），但他承认自己不喜欢游泳或深水。
12.( ) A.novel B.quick C.critical D.positive
解析：根据上文内容及下文“saved the couple and their dog from drowning”可知，此处应表示他敏捷的（quick）思维和勇气拯救了这对夫妇和他们的狗。
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13.( ) A.embarrassed B.puzzled C.relieved D.disappointed
解析：根据上文内容以及but可知，此处应表示救援结束后，鲍恩瘫倒在路边，疲惫却如释重负（relieved）。
14.( ) A.skill B.talent
C.bravery D.determination
解析：根据下文“how ordinary people can become heroes in life-threatening moments”并结合语境可知，此处应表示鲍恩的勇敢（bravery）展现了普通人如何在生命危险的时刻成为英雄。
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15.( ) A.Surprisingly B.Amusingly
C.Unluckily D.Fortunately
解析：根据下文“Bowen was faster than the dangerous floodwaters”可知，此处应表示幸运的是（fortunately），对于这对夫妇和他们的狗来说，鲍恩比危险的洪水更快，使他们成功获救。
√
Ⅲ.语法填空
（2025·邵阳、武冈期中）Digitalisation,1._______ is a main characteristic of the 21st century, represents a widespread use of digital technologies in various 2.______ （area） of life.
However, experts noted that too much social media use is known to have a negative influence 3.________ mental health. So they started a study to investigate how to improve mental health in this time of rapid digitalisation.
which
areas
on/upon
The results of the study 4.____ （lead） by Dr Julia Brailovskaia of the Mental Health Research and Treatment Center clearly showed that individuals who cut their social media use by 30 minutes a day 5._____ used this time for physical activity could 6.____________ （significant） improve their mental health.
Participants who replaced 30 minutes of social media use with exercise every day for two weeks 7._____ （have） powerful results. They reported feeling 8.________ （happy）, more satisfied, less
led
and
significantly
had
happier
stressed and less depressed. The positive effects lasted for at least six months after the study had ended.
“This shows us how vital it is 9.__________ （reduce） our availability online from time to time and to go back to our human roots,” said Dr Brailovskaia. “These measures can be easily applied to people's 10.______ （day） lives and they're completely free and, at the same time, they help us to stay happy and healthy in the digital age.”
to reduce
daily
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了随着数字化的发展，过多使用社交媒体对心理健康有负面影响，而研究表明减少使用社交媒体并将这些时间用于锻炼，可以显著改善心理健康。
1._______
which
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Digitalisation，且在从句中作主语，应用which引导。
2.______
areas
解析：考查名词复数。area为可数名词，其前有various修饰，应用名词复数形式。
3.________
on/upon
解析：考查介词。have a negative influence on/upon意为“对……有消极影响”，为固定搭配。
4.____
led
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，主句的谓语是showed，空处作非谓语；lead与其逻辑主语the study之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语。
5._____
and
解析：考查连词。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，“cut their social media use by 30 minutes a day”和“used this time for physical activity”之间是并列关系，应用and连接。
6.____________
significantly
解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语修饰动词improve，应用副词形式，意为“显著地”。
7._____
had
解析：考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，空处作主句的谓语；根据从句中的replaced并结合上下文时态可知，应用一般过去时。
8.________
happier
解析：考查形容词比较级。根据下文“more satisfied, less stressed and less depressed”可知，空处应用形容词比较级作表语。
9.__________
to reduce
解析：考查非谓语动词。“it is+adj.+to do...”为固定句型，其中it作形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语。
10.______
daily
解析：考查形容词。空处修饰名词lives，应用形容词形式，意为“日常的”。(共25张PPT)
UNIT 1 RELATIONSHIPS
Period 2 GRAMMAR
过去完成时
1
要义详析 探究语法
2
课堂微练 即时检验
PART
01
要义详析 探究语法
过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作之前已发生或完成的动作，即“过去的过去”。如何理解“过去的过去”呢？首先我们要确定一个过去的时间作为参照点，在这个过去的时间参照点之前的时间就是过去的过去。过去完成时由“助动词 had+过去分词”构成，其中had通用于各种人称。主要构成：肯定句为“主语+had+（been） done”；否定句为“had+not+（been） done”；一般疑问句为“Had+主语+（been） done ”；特殊疑问句为“特殊疑问词+had+主语+（been） done？”。
一、过去完成时的主要用法
（1）（教材P）Before Mr Jenkins taught me, science had simply been a subject full of strange words to me.
在詹金斯先生教我之前，科学课对我来说就是一门充满奇怪的词语的课程。
（2）（教材P）I knew I had chosen a job with a lot of stress but I love what I do.
我知道我选择了一份压力很大的工作，但我热爱我所做的事情。
（3）（2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ）It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again.
很高兴知道我帮助这个家庭重新团聚。
（4）She wished she had been admitted into a key university.
她希望她已经被一所重点大学录取。
1.过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束，即发生在“过去的过去”。
2.过去完成时需要与一个表示过去的时间状语连用，它不能离开过去的时间而独立存在，此时多与already、 yet、 still、 just、 never等时间副词及by、 before、 until等引导的短语或从句连用。
3.当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时，一般用在told、 said、 knew、 heard、 thought等动词后的宾语从句中。
4.表示过去未曾实现的想法。过去完成时除表示“过去的过去”外，还可表示过去未曾实现的想法和打算，通常连用的动词有want、 think、 hope、 plan、 mean、 expect、 intend、 suppose等。
5.用于对过去进行假设的虚拟语气的从句中。
二、过去完成时用于特殊句式
（1）I had no sooner checked into the hotel than he arrived.
我刚入住酒店，他就到了。
（2）Hardly had he begun to speak when he was interrupted by the audience.
他刚开始说话就被听众打断了。
（3）It was the third time that he had entered the house.
这是他第三次进这个房子。
1.在“hardly/scarcely/barely...when...”、“no sooner...than...”等句式中，主句通常用过去完成时，而从句则通常用一般过去时。这类句式均表示“一……就……”。
2.在“This/That/It was the first （second...last、next） time/the only+n./the+形容词最高级+n.+that...”句型中，从句一般用过去完成时。
三、过去完成时与现在完成时的区别
（1）I have learned 1,000 English words so far.
到现在为止，我已经学了1 000个英语单词了。
（2）I had learned 1,000 English words till then.
直到那时，我已经学了1 000个英语单词了。
（3）—I'm sorry to keep you waiting.
——很抱歉让你久等了。
—Oh, not at all. I have been here only a few minutes.
——噢，一点也不。我到这里才几分钟。
（4）—John returned home yesterday.
——约翰昨天回家了。
—Where had he been
——他曾去哪了？
过去完成时是一个相对的时态，它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去，更强调“过去的过去”，只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时，才能用到它；现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响，与现在有关。
四、过去完成时与一般过去时的区别
（1）They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday.
到昨天十点为止，他们已经到达了车站。
（2）They arrived at the station at ten yesterday.
他们在昨天十点到达车站。
（3）She was very happy and her whole family were pleased with her, too, because she had just won the first in the composition contest.
她非常高兴，而且她的全家对她也非常满意，因为她刚刚在作文比赛中得了第一名。
（4）He entered the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper.
他走进房间，打开灯，看了一份晚报。
虽然过去完成时和一般过去时都表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，但在使用时应注意以下几点：
1.时间状语不同：过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去”；而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间。
2.在没有明确的过去的时间状语作标志时，谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断：先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的则用一般过去时。
3.当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用and或but连接时，按时间顺序，只需用一般过去时来代替过去完成时；另外，在before、 after、 as soon as引导的从句中，由于这些连词本身已经表示出时间的先后，因此也可以用一般过去时来代替过去完成时。
PART
02
课堂微练 即时检验
Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.It was the first time that we ________________（invite） to such a grand party.
2.This Monday morning I was informed I ________________（choose） as one of three exchange students from our college.
3.His village _________________（flood） in the heavy rain, so he moved to his parents' house.
4.All the film tickets ______________（sell） out when I got to the cinema.
had been invited
had been chosen
had been flooded
had been sold
5.It suddenly occurred to him that his homework _____________（leave） at home.
6.We ___________（want） to help you， but we were too busy to get away.
7.By nine o'clock last night，we ________（get） 200 pictures from the spaceship.
8.We had no sooner arrived at the bus station than the bus _______（start）.
had been left
had wanted
had got
started
9.They ____（get） to the station at ten yesterday.
10.A local radio said that several eruptions __________（take） place in the previous twenty years.
got
had taken
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1.我本打算周五下午和你一起去书店，但是发生了意想不到的事情。
____________________________________________________________，but something unexpected happened.
I had intended to go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon
2.昨天我父母到家时，我已经把晚饭做好了。
By the time my parents reached home yesterday，________________
________________.
I had cooked the
dinner already
3.他已经被告知过很多次，但他还是记不住这个词的中文意思。
____________________________, but he still couldn't remember the Chinese meaning of this word.
He had been told many times
4.这是我第一次参加越野跑，兴奋之情难以言表。
____________________________________________________________，so my excitement was beyond description.
It was the first time that I had got involved in the cross-country run
5.他刚结束讲话就被兴奋的工人们围了起来。
No sooner ______________________ than he was surrounded by the excited workers.
had he finished his talk

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