资源简介

(共78张PPT)
UNIT 3 CONSERVATION
Period 3 LESSON 2 & LESSON 3
1
精读课文 语篇理解
2
自查语基 知能落实
3
创意课堂 点面突破
4
课堂微练 即时检验
&1& 〈教材助读+语基默写〉见分册本
PART
01
精读课文 语篇理解
What's the main idea of the passage ( )
A.Death caused by vehicle accidents.
B.The number of cars on the roads.
C.The introduction of the traffic in Britain and the ways to deal with.
D.Stress and anger caused by cars.
√
1.What's the purpose of the conversations in Part 1 ( )
A.To show there are a lot of such conversations.
B.To introduce the topic of the passage.
C.To show there are accidents every day.
D.To show it takes a long time to go to work.
√
2.Why does the author use many data in Part 1 ( )
A.To prove how stressed out，tired and angry people are.
B.To prove there are a lot of cars.
C.To prove people have died every year in vehicle accidents.
D.To prove cars have caused great damage to people and nature.
3.What can we infer from the last paragraph ( )
A.The author will follow the suggestions.
B.The author thinks the suggestions are useless.
C.The author is making an excuse for driving the car.
D.The author has no choice but to drive the car.
√
√
Cars have made people 1.______（anger） and stressed out and caused the real costs socially. Take Britain for example. In the last 20 years, the number of cars on the roads 2._________（go） up by 25%. Over the last decade, 3.____ average of 2,500 people have died every year in vehicle accidents. Traffic is one of the major 4._______（cause） of global warming and climate change. Almost 30,000 deaths per year are caused by air pollution.
angry
has gone
an
causes
Some types of cancer are 5._______（relate） to traffic pollution. A friend working for a greenliving organisation gave some advice about how 6.________（give） up driving. Firstly， use your legs. Regular exercise can cut the risk of heart disease 7.____ 50%！Secondly， use public transport. Thirdly， think before 8.______（go）. Before you get into your car， think about 9.________ you really need to make that journey. Besides, share cars. It is much cheaper and 10._______（kind） to the environment. Last, take action! Don't just sit around and complain!
related
to give
by
going
whether
kinder
PART
02
自查语基 知能落实
Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
A.硬纸盒；塑料盒
B.委员会；理事会
C.餐具
D.小包，小盒
E.壳；贝壳
F.包装盒（瓶、袋）；包装材料
G.椰子
H.吞下，咽下
I.垃圾箱
J.筷子
K.拥挤，堵塞；果酱
L.癌症
M.道路施工
1.packet n.
答案：D
2.packaging n.
答案：F
3.coconut n.
答案：G
4.shell n.
答案：E
5.swallow vi.& vt.
答案：H
6.bin n.
答案：I
7.carton n.
答案：A
8.cutlery n.
答案：C
9.chopsticks n.
答案：J
10.council n.
答案：B
11.jam n.
答案：K
12.roadworks n.
答案：M
13.cancer n.
答案：L
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1.______ a coconut in plastic 用塑料包椰子
2.make the training ________ 使训练真实
3.cause great environmental ___________ 对环境造成了巨大的破坏
4.over the last _______ 在过去十年中
5.various types of greenhouse ______ 各种类型的温室气体
wrap
realistic
destruction
decade
gases
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1.__________ n.消费者→consume v.消费；消耗；吃，喝→consumption n.消费；消耗
2._________ adj.浪费的；挥霍的→waste v.& n.浪费
3._____________ n.交通运输系统，运输方式→transport v.运输
4._____ n.灰尘，尘土→dirty adj.脏的
5.__________ adj.新颖的，创新的，革新的→innovation n.创新；革新
6._________ adj.可再填充的→refill v.再填充；再填满
consumer
wasteful
transportation
dirt
innovative
refillable
7._______ adj.意识到的，明白的→awareness n.意识
8.__________ n.收集；收藏品；专辑→collect v.收集；收藏
9.________ adj.焦虑的，不安的；急切的；渴望的→anxiety n.焦虑→anxiously adv.焦虑地
10.________ adj.可再使用的，可重复使用的→reuse v.再使用，重复使用
11.______ adj.卡住的，无法移动的→stick v.插入；粘住
12._________ adj.烦恼的，生气的→annoy v.使人烦恼；使人恼怒→annoying adj.令人烦恼的，令人生气的→annoyance n.烦恼
aware
collection
anxious
reusable
stuck
annoyed
13.______ n.愤怒；怒气→angry adj.生气的→angrily adv.生气地
14.______ vi.相联系，有关联→related adj.有关系的→relation n.联系
15._______ adj.定期的，有规律的→regularly adv.定期地，有规律地
16._____ vt.适合 n.套装→suitable adj.适合的
anger
relate
regular
suit
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1.After packing all the necessary supplies, we ________（出发） for the mountains.
2.How often do we arrive at work or school, ____________（焦虑的）, tired and angry
3.In the last 20 years, the number of cars on the roads has _________（增加） by 25%.
set out
stressed out
gone up
4.Some types of cancer _____________（与……有关联） traffic pollution.
5.____________（坦率地说）, I _______________（对……上瘾） my car.
6.__________（代替） taking short car journeys, we could easily walk or cycle.
7.Don't just __________（闲坐） and complain!
8.Well, I'm sorry I have to finish this article, but I've got to ________（开车去接） my daughter from school at 4 pm.
are related to
To be frank
am addicted to
Instead of
sit around
pick up
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1.形容词（短语）作状语
How often do we arrive at work or school， ____________________
________（感到心力交瘁、心烦气躁） （Para.3）
stressed out， tired and
angry
2.过去分词（短语）作状语
But personal anger and stress are nothing _______________________
____________（和真正的社会损失相比）.（Para.3）
compared to the real costs socially
3.while表示对比，意为“然而、却”
Up to 90 people can travel in one bus, _________________________
_______________________（而同样数量的人至少需要18辆小汽车）.（Para.11）
while the same number will need at least 18 cars
PART
03
创意课堂 点面突破
1 set out 开始做某事，着手进行；出发，动身
【经典例句】
①（教材P）In the week when the government sets out its new environmental programme, Kevin McCabe and Alicia Stewart consider the problem of food packaging waste.
在政府着手进行其新的环保计划的那一周，凯文·麦凯布和艾丽西亚·斯图尔特考虑了食品包装浪费的问题。
②After packing their bags, the explorers set out on a journey into the unknown wilderness.
整理好行囊后，探险家们踏上了前往未知荒野的旅程。
set out to do sth. 出发/开始做某事
set about doing sth. 着手做某事
set down 记下；放下；登记
set off 出发；动身；使爆炸；引起
set up 建立；树立；搭起
set aside 留出；把……抛在脑后
【语段填空/一句多译】
（1）We ____________（早早出发）, eager to reach our destination. Along the way, we ________________（把忧虑抛在脑后）, focused on the journey. Upon arrival, we ______________（搭建营地） and _______________________________（在日记里记下我们的想法）, capturing every moment of this unforgettable adventure.
set off early
set aside worries
set up a camp
set down our thoughts in journals
（2）政府着手建立一个由志愿者组成的网络，致力于帮助那些有需要的人。
→The government __________________________________________
dedicated to helping those in need.
→The government __________________________________________
dedicated to helping those in need.
set out to build a network of volunteers
set about building a network of volunteers
2 wasteful adj.浪费的；挥霍的
【经典例句】（教材P）I understand that, but in this case it's completely wasteful and unnecessary.
我理解这一点，但在这种情况下，这完全是浪费和不必要的。
（1）It is wasteful to do sth. 做某事是浪费的。
（2）waste n.
浪费 v.浪费 adj.废弃的，无用的（在句中只用作定语）
a waste of money/time 对金钱/时间的浪费
It's a waste of time doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间的。
waste money/time on ... 在……上浪费金钱/时间
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
（1）It's wasteful _________（throw） away glass, paper and metal.
（2）I don't like to waste money ____ things I don't like.
to throw
on
（3）警告他等于浪费时间——他决心要照自己的方式去做。
→________________________________—he is determined to go his own way.
→_________________________—he is determined to go his own way.
It is a waste of time warning him
It is wasteful to warn him
3 realistic adj.现实的，实际的；实事求是的
【经典例句】（教材P）But let's be realistic:We still need packaging. We just need to use the right kind of packaging.
但让我们现实一点：我们仍然需要包装。我们只需要使用正确的包装种类。
（1）reality n． 现实，真实
in reality 实际上
turn sth. into reality 使某事成为现实
become a reality 成为现实
face reality 面对现实
（2）realism n. 现实主义
realist n. 现实主义者
（3）realistically adv. 实际上
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1）The teacher encouraged her students to set ________（real） goals and work towards them step by step.
realistic
（2）年轻时我们应该努力工作，把“中国梦”变为现实。
We ought to work hard ___________________________________ when we are young.
to turn the Chinese Dream into reality
（3）事实上，你周围的人对你目前的情绪有很大的影响。
__________, the people around you have a huge impact on your current mood.
In reality
4 aware adj.意识到的，明白的；知道的
【经典例句】
①（教材P）Two friends, Lisa and Amy are discussing how to become more environmentally aware.
两个朋友，丽莎和艾米正在讨论如何增强环保意识。
②（2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ）The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.
该项目旨在帮助学生发展科学技能、环境意识和健康的生活方式。
（1）be/become aware of 对……知道/明白；意识到……
be aware that... 意识到/体会到……
as far as I'm aware 据我所知
（2）awareness n. 意识；认识
arouse one's awareness of... 唤起某人……的意识
【单句语法填空/词汇升级】
（1）During that time, increasing environmental __________（aware） made it desirable.
（2）Teachers should be aware ___ the diverse learning needs of their students.
awareness
of
（3）（译林必修三U3）As with any great invention, we must realize these problems and be careful to use the Internet properly and responsibly.
→As with any great invention, we must ____________ these problems and be careful to use the Internet properly and responsibly.
be aware of
5 anxious adj.焦虑的，不安的；急切的；渴望的
【经典例句】
①（教材P）I just get anxious when I think of the impact we have on the environment.
一想到我们对环境造成的影响，我就感到焦虑。
②In order to get rid of anxiety， you'd better keep a balance between relaxation and online study. 为了摆脱焦虑，你最好在放松和网上学习之间保持平衡。
（1）be anxious about/for... 为……担心/担忧
be anxious for sth. 渴望某事（物）
be anxious to do sth. 急于做某事
（2）anxiety n. 焦虑；担心；害怕
with anxiety 焦虑地
（3）anxiously adv. 焦虑地；焦急地
【单句语法填空/词汇升级】
（1）So anxious _________ her son's safety that the frightened mother turned to a volunteer organisation for help.
（2）David was anxious _____________（participate） in the cross-country run， but he was afraid of being laughed at by others.
about/for
to participate
（3）They watched the hurricane news reports anxiously, worried about their family's safety.
→They watched the hurricane news reports ____________, worried about their family's safety.［读后续写之情感描写］
with anxiety
6 destruction n．破坏，毁坏；摧毁；毁灭
【经典例句】In the world of art, creation and destruction often go hand in hand, with new ideas replacing old ones. 在艺术领域，创造与毁灭往往相辅相成，新思想不断取代旧思想。
（1）the destruction of …… 的破坏
（2）destroy vt. 破坏，损坏
destroy oneself 自我毁灭，自杀
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1）（外研必修一U5）In many of the places where the butterfly can be found, people ______________（destroy） the natural environment.
are destroying
（2）（译林必修三U4）This result of science was obviously very serious—it represented the ___________（destroy） of people and it put our future at risk.
destruction
（3）（人教必修一U4）Nearly everything in the city _____________
（destroy）.
was destroyed
（4）许多物种由于我们破坏了它们的自然栖息地，正面临巨大的灭绝危险。
Many species are in peril of extinction _________________________
__ their natural habitats.
because of our destruction of
7 stuck adj.卡住的，无法移动的
【经典例句】（教材P）How often do we get stuck in traffic jams
有多少次我们碰到交通堵塞而动弹不得？
（1）be/get stuck in 被困在……
be stuck with 被……缠住无法摆脱
（2）stick v.
将……刺入（或插入）；粘贴； （尤指迅速或随手）放置
stick to 坚持；信守；粘住
stick around 逗留；停留
stick out 伸出；突出
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1）The team decided to stick ___ their original game plan and it paid off in the end.
（2）What had Tom done to make him stick ____ from the crowd
to
out
（3）（人教必修二U3）At age 50, she found herself out of work and ______（stick） at home with only her computer to keep her company.
stuck
（4）这种人总是坚持自己的观点，即使这意味着他们可能会陷入困境。
Such people always __________________, even if it means that they may get into trouble.
stick to their views
8 annoyed adj.烦恼的，生气的，恼火的
【经典例句】
①（2022·全国甲卷）The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions.
你拿筷子的方式很重要，以免惹恼你的同伴。
②She is hurt and annoyed that the authorities have banned her from participating in that activity.
她因当局禁止她参与那个活动而伤心恼怒。
（1）be annoyed with sb. 生某人的气
be annoyed at/about sth. 因某事生气
（2）annoy vt. 使恼怒；打扰
What annoys sb. most is that... 最让某人生气的是……
（3）annoying adj. 使人不高兴的；恼人的
（4）annoyance n. 烦恼；烦恼的事情
to one's annoyance 让某人气恼的是
【单句语法填空/同义替换】
（1）Much to my __________（annoy）, he kept silent about some of the things that happened at school.
annoyance
（2）To be honest, voters sometimes feel _________（annoy）, not because they hate voting, but because they are divided between emotion and fairness.
annoyed
（3）Don't get angry with your classmates and try your best to get along well with them.
→Don't get _________ with your classmates and try your best to get along well with them.
annoyed
9 stressed out 焦虑的
【经典例句】（译林必修二U2）Tai chi has taught me to relax my mind, enabling me to stay cool in stressful situations.
太极拳教会我放松我的心态，使我在有压力的环境下能保持冷静。
（1）stressed adj. 焦虑不安的
（2）stress n. 压力vt.强调；使受压力；紧张
under stress 在压力之下
lay/place/put stress on/upon... 强调……
stress out 过度劳累；紧张
（3）stressful adj. 压力大的；紧张的
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1）Most doctors and nurses live under ________（stress） conditions.
（2）I try not to stress ____ when things go wrong in my daily life.
（3）（译林必修三U3）我的智能手机电池没电会让我感到压力。
A dead battery in my smartphone would _____________________.
stressful
out
make me feel stressed
（4）这个公司的经理一遍又一遍地强调合作的重要性。
The manager of this company ____________________________________________________________ over and over again.
laid/placed/put great stress on/upon the importance of cooperation
10 relate vi.相联系，有关联；涉及；认同 vt.叙述，使……有联系
【经典例句】（教材P）Some types of cancer are related to traffic pollution.
有些类型的癌症与交通污染有关。
（1）relate...to... 把……和……联系在一起
relate to 涉及；与……相关；能够理解并同情
（2）related adj. 相关的；有（亲属）关系的
be related to... 与……有关联；和……有联系
（3）relation n. 关系
in/with relation to 关于；与……相比
（4）relative adj. 相对的，相比较而言的n.亲戚；亲属
relatively adv. 相当地；相对地
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1）The report relates ___ various aspects of the company's financial performance.
（2）I have some comments to make in ________（relate） to this matter.
to
relation
（3）我们班将要举行一次与中国传统文化有关的主题班会。我写信来寻求你宝贵的建议。
Our class is going to hold a theme class meeting ________________
_______________________. I'm writing to ask for your valuable advice.［应用文写作之求助信］
that is related to
traditional Chinese culture
11 regular adj.定期的，有规律的；规则的 n．老主顾；主力（或正式）队员
【经典例句】（教材P）Regular exercise also cuts the risk of heart disease by 50%!
经常锻炼也能降低50%患心脏病的风险！
（1）take regular exercise 定期进行锻炼
on a regular basis 定期地
（2）regularly adv. 定期地
irregular adj. 无规则的；不定期的
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1）I am not one of their ________（regular）, and I am just passing by to buy something I need．
（2）Students who review their lessons _________（regular） tend to perform better on exams.
regulars
regularly
（3）在我的业余时间，我将继续定期进行锻炼，诸如游泳、跑步和各种各样的球类运动。
In my free time, I'll continue to ___________________, such as swimming, running and all kinds of ball games.
take regular exercise
12 suit vt.适合；使适宜 n．套装；一套外衣
【经典例句】
①（教材P）Do whichever of these things that suit you.
做任何适合你的事情。
②（人教必修一U1）The school adviser helped me choose the suitable ones: maths, English, chemistry, world history, and Chinese.
学校的指导老师帮助我选择了适合我的课程：数学、英语、化学、世界史和中文。
（1）suit ...to ... 使……适合……
suit one's needs 适合某人的需求
（2）suitable adj. 适合的；适当的
be suitable for... 适合于……
be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
（1）A good teacher suits his lessons ___ the age of his pupils.
（2）I think working in a team is ________（suit） for me, because I believe “two heads are better than one”.
to
suitable
（3）我确信自己适合这项志愿者工作，因为我精通英语。
→I do believe I _______________ this voluntary work， because I have a good knowledge of English.
→I do believe this voluntary work _________， because I have a good knowledge of English.［应用文写作之申请信］
am suitable for
suits me
13 形容词（短语）作状语
【经典例句】
①（教材P）How often do we arrive at work or school, stressed out, tired and angry
又有多少次，当我们抵达工作地点或者学校时感到心力交瘁、心烦气躁呢？
②（译林选必一U2）Angry and sad，Liang falls sick and dies.
由于愤怒和悲伤，梁山伯忧郁而死。
用法归纳 形容词（短语）作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开
注意事项 形容词（短语）作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状态。如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1）（外研必修三U1）____________（disappoint） by his behaviour, I said all this to my best friend.
（2）（2023·全国甲卷）_________（difference） from traditional fables, Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of a moral.
（3）After a long day of work, he went home, __________（exhaust）.
Disappointed
Different
exhausted
（4）他的双腿一软,大脑一片空白,然后倒在了地上,失去了知觉。
His legs collapsed, his mind went blank, and ___________________
______________.［读后续写之动作描写］
he fell to the ground,
unconscious
14 while表示对比，意为“然而、却”
【经典例句】
①（教材P）Up to 90 people can travel in one bus, while the same number will need at least 18 cars.
一辆公共汽车最多可以乘坐90个人，而同样数量的人则至少需要18辆小汽车。
②（外研选必一U3）Some members like to do yoga because it helps them keep their muscles toned,while others love to do aerobics—one elderly man says the energy of it makes him feel young again!
一些会员喜欢练瑜伽，因为它帮助他们保持肌肉紧致，而另一些人则喜欢做有氧运动——一位老人说，有氧运动的能量让他感觉又年轻了！
（1）while作并列连词，表示对比、转折，意为“而、然而”；
（2）while作从属连词，引导时间状语从句时，意为“当……的时候”，从句中常用延续性动词，其省略形式为while doing/done；
（3）while作从属连词，引导让步状语从句时，意为“虽然、尽管”，一般位于从句句首。while不能与but连用，但可与yet/still连用；
（4）while作名词，意为“一会儿、一段时间”，如after a while（过了一会儿）、once in a while（偶尔，间或）。
【语境辨义/完成句子】
（1）（2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）While she was at work one day,I borrowed her bike and went for a ride.______________
当……的时候
（2）There are two kinds of voices: the inner voice and the outer voice. Your inner voice expresses your personal opinions,while the outer voice tells you about opinions from what you hear or read.______
然而
（3）（译林选必一U3）One of these scenes is shown in the famous piece Blue Water Lilies,which I studied for quite a while in the gallery.__________________
一会儿、一段时间
（4）（译林必修三U3）However, while the Internet brings many valuable advantages,being connected has its problems.____________
虽然、尽管
（5）我们有时无法做好本以为可以完成的事情，然而我们也可能在被认为不可能的事情上取得成功。
We sometimes can't do well what we think we can get through __________________________________________________．［读后续写之主旨升华］
while we may succeed in what is considered impossible
PART
04
课堂微练 即时检验
Ⅰ.品句填词
1.At the sight of this cruelty, they could hardly contain their ______（愤怒）.
2.We'll turn out more products to meet the need of our __________（消费者）.
3.The car got s_____ in the mud and was unable to move.
4.Li Ming's father has a large __________（收藏） of stamps and coins.
5.Betty was much _________（烦恼的） to hear that she had failed in the exam.
anger
consumers
tuck
collection
annoyed
6.I really can't r______ what he does with what he says.
7.The last _______（十年） of the eighteenth century was a time of great social change.
8.If you ________（咽下） something, you cause it to go from your mouth down into your stomach.
9.You'll have to make more friends in your r_______ life, not just online friends.
10.She may not be a______ of the danger she is in.
elate
decade
swallow
ealistic
ware
11.Mother was very ________（焦急的） when she heard that her daughter was ill at school.
12.________（常规的） colour TV broadcasts were delayed in the UK until 1967.
anxious
Regular
Ⅱ.词块运用
1.Instead of _____________（闲坐） and doing nothing, you should act.
2.It will be hard to ______________________（消除污染） if our attitude is not changed.
3.I am sick of ______________________________（被困在交通堵塞中） every day.
4.I ________________________________________（对成就感上瘾）, so I constantly set new fitness goals for myself.
sitting around
do away with pollution
getting stuck in the heavy traffic
am addicted to the sense of accomplishment
5.Tomorrow morning I am going to be busy, because I need to __________________（开车去接我的朋友） from the airport.
pick up my friend
6.He ____________________________________________（着手改变生活方式）, adopting healthier habits and finding balance in his daily routine.
set out to change/set about changing his lifestyle
7.You need to _______________________________（意识到潜在的风险） and be prepared for them.
8.My birthday is _________________（即将来临）. What do you plan to give me as a present
be aware of the potential dangers
around the corner
9.He suspected that the accident _____________________________（与银行抢劫案有关联）.
10.People all over the country _________________________________
_________（为人们的安全担心） trapped underground.
was related to the bank robbery
were anxious about the safety of the people(共54张PPT)
课后巩固 多维提能
［基础知识巩固练］
维度一 词形转换和动词的形式变换
1.There is no doubt that the __________（consume） are still very sensitive to the price.
consumers
2.I was told the Learning Centre provides help for students and I'm ________（anxiety） to get help from you.
anxious
3.To my excitement，my new job is much less ________（stress）．
stressful
4.Follow his advice and you will find the ________（suit） suggestion.
suitable
5.His _________（addict） to drinking and smoking has led to the divorce.
addiction
6.Rachel Carson's popular book Silent Spring raised __________（aware） of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans.
awareness
7.From the _________（annoy） look on her face, we knew that she was quite angry about what her son had done.
annoyed
8.The windows are very ______（dirt）.They have not been cleaned for weeks.
dirty
9.If you ______（fill） something, you fill it again after it has been emptied.
refill
10.My friend Lily showed me a large __________（collect） of CDs that evening.
collection
11.Humans are on the road to ___________（destroy） as they do much damage to the earth.
destruction
12.The bus got ______（stick） in the snow and couldn't move a bit.
stuck
维度二 固定用法和搭配
1.Her son is good at sports ______ her daughter is good at art.
while
2.When visiting another country, you should be aware ___ those differences and respect them.
of
3.He is waiting for the results _____ anxiety as if he were sitting on pins and needles.
with
4.The national park has a large collection ___ wildlife, ranging from butterflies to elephants.
of
5.The famous doctor is going to set out ___________（perform） the operation, so please keep calm.
to perform
6.We drove to the airport the next morning to pick ____ Susan.
up
7.With summer approaching, the temperature is going ____ quickly.
up
8.Nowadays, in China ____ average, everyone has a mobile phone.
on
9.No matter when the enemies come, they will be wiped ____ clean.
out
10.The boy became addicted ___ computer games and didn't want to study.
to
维度三 完成句子/一句多译
1.生命主要由快乐和悲伤组成，而快乐则在于奋斗。（while引导并列句）
Life mainly consists of happiness and sorrow ___________________
_____________.
while happiness lies
in struggle
2.有了你收集的这些信息，你就可以开始着手准备你的学习计划了。
Armed with the information you have gathered, you can ________________________________________________.
set out to prepare/set about preparing your study plan
3.由于受到外面噪音的惊吓，苏不敢在卧室里睡觉了。（形容词短语作状语）
_____________________________, Sue dared not sleep in her bedroom.
Frightened by the noise outside
4.莉莉对即将到来的考试感到焦虑。
Lily __________________ the coming exam.
was anxious about
5.使他们生气的是，他决定不回来过春节了。
（1）__________________, he decided not to come back for the Spring Festival.（annoyance n.）
（2）___________________ was that he decided not to come back for the Spring Festival.（what引导主语从句）
To their annoyance
What annoyed them
维度四 融合教材·主题探究
【改编自人教选必一U2】
This morning, I saw the shocking headline：“Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode”．In the article, various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars. They said that some advances in technology were unnecessary and could even be dangerous. Hence, we should cease accepting technology just because it is new. The newspaper reported
that the car company had already apologised for the accident，but the families of the deceased said it was not enough. Nevertheless, the company still claimed that most people would be travelling in driverless cars one day soon.
On the one hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology. Probably the most well-known are the Amish, a group of Christians living in rural America. They do not own or drive cars, watch TV,
or use the Internet. They have lived mainly as farmers since the 18th century, and they will probably be living the same way in the distant future. They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community. They think that is better than caring about luxuries or following the lives of the rich and famous. It could even be argued that the Amish's quality of life is better since they live in and appreciate the natural environment rather than living in large, polluted cities．
1.What do we know about the car ( )
A.It crashed when it was driving automatically.
B.It crashed due to the driver's carelessness.
C.It crashed when the passenger was driving.
D.It crashed because the passenger operated wrongly.
2.What were various people's attitude toward the idea of developing driverless cars in that article ( )
A.Supportive. B.Opposed. C.Optimistic. D.Indifferent.
√
√
3.What can we infer from the first paragraph ( )
A.The new technology will be resisted by the public.
B.The technology which is new is sure to be good.
C.The advances in technology will bring us more danger than convenience.
D.The advances in technology may do unexpected harm to us.
√
4.What can we know about the Amish from the passage ( )
A.They like living in large and polluted cities.
B.They live happily in the presence of new technology.
C.They advocate living a simple life.
D.They appreciate the lives of the rich and famous.
√
［综合能力提升练］
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Dozens of sea turtles （海龟） swim past as I dive. Suddenly a diver cuts me off. Then another.“Hey!” I think.“Watch where you're going!” Then I realise: these aren't divers. They're sea lions!The creatures blow bubbles （气泡） at me and the group of 11 kids I'm on vacation with,hitting us slightly on our backs. To not bother them much, we tear ourselves away from the wonderland.
We take this trip to the Galapagos Islands, a group of tropical （热带的） islands crossing the equator. Our hotel is a boat called the Eclipse that has a pool. Humans aren't allowed to live on most of the islands. The only way people can experience the magic of this place and meet animals on all the islands is by “panga”.“Our small motorboat is more important than the Eclipse. It's very safe,” says a local guide,Fielsch. Lack of human threat makes the animals
friendly.“They don't know enough to be scared of humans.” Our group experience that firsthand. When we return after our diving adventure, we find sea lions lying next to our backpacks!Walking along the sand,we see more wildlife: seals, red crabs, and orcas.
The following morning we reach Fernandina Island,known for its volcano. Flightless birds called cormorants （鸬鹚） build nests on the rocks. Nearby are Galapagos penguins. Averaging about 19 inches in height,they're the second smallest species of penguins in
the world.“The Galapagos Islands are so curious,” says 12-year-old Harry.“You've got penguins living far from the frozen South Pole, and birds that don't fly!”
As we ride back,six penguins stand like soldiers,seeming to say goodbye. It's our last day; none of us wants to leave this place. We know this trip has been a milestone for us. A marked shift in our attitudes towards the natural world is underway.“The Galapagos Islands seem to break the world's rules,” says Harry.“More than ever,I'm interested in saving the environment. These animals truly need our care,” his sister Hannah adds.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者带着11个小孩子去加拉帕戈斯群岛度假,那里有不会飞的鸟儿和生活在热带的企鹅,潜水时会有海龟和海狮为伴,这些体验改变了他们对自然的认识。
1.How does the author find the diving experience ( )
A.Attractive. B.Disturbing. C.Dangerous. D.Valuable.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容，尤其是根据第一段最后一句可知,作者认为这次潜水经历是美妙的、吸引人的。
√
2.What's the function of “panga” ( )
A.To protect people from danger.
B.To provide a shelter for local people.
C.To guide people to see the animals.
D.To transport people to each of the islands.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The only way people can experience...It's very safe”可知,“panga”是一种小型的汽艇,让人们能够往返于加拉帕戈斯群岛的各个岛屿。
√
3.What's special about Galapagos penguins ( )
A.They are not able to fly.
B.They remain hidden from view.
C.They live in a tropical climate.
D.They're the smallest of their kind.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句和第三段最后一句可知,加拉帕戈斯群岛处于被赤道贯穿的热带地区,加拉帕戈斯企鹅的特别之处在于它们远离冰天雪地的南极,在热带气候中生活。
√
4.Why is the trip considered a milestone for the author's group ( )
A.It expands their knowledge of the world.
B.It changes the way they think about nature.
C.It inspires them to protect the environment.
D.It enables them to interact with various wildlife.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“We know this...world is underway.”可知,加拉帕戈斯群岛之旅成了作者一行人生命中的重要事件,是因为这趟旅程改变了他们对自然的认识。
√
B
（2025·湖北联考协作体期中）The Wuyishan National Park, known for its splendid scenery and respected tea industry, has taken significant steps to safeguard its traditional tea heritage and industry, while using technological advances to raise the incomes of local people.
Being home to one of China's largest and most diverse subtropical forests, Wuyi Mountain is the only place in the country where Wuyi rock tea is grown. In the 18th century, Wuyi rock tea was the most popular tea in Europe. However, illegal land reclamation （开垦） of tea mountains and the destruction of plant resources damaged the environment in the area around Wuyi Mountain. Then the Wuyishan National Park was established in 2021, as one of the first batch of China's national parks. The park authorities have cooperated with tea experts to make up a strategy
for the improvement of the Wuyi Mountain tea industry and biodiversity.
“In order to better protect the forest, we must respect and preserve the existing areas for the locals to plant and live on, but further expansion has been restricted,” said Huang Zhimin, a researcher with the park's management bureau.
Eco-friendly plantations that use the “tea forest” and “tea grass” models have been introduced to the park. Moreover, the authorities provide farmers with free seedlings （幼苗） of precious broad-
leaved trees like Nanmu. This practice not only protects local biodiversity, but also improves the quality of the tea.
The Wuyishan National Park's authorities have been working with tea experts to improve production and quality through the use of innovative technological methods. A local farmer said,“In the past, we lacked knowledge of scientific tea field management, which resulted in tea of average quality that was only suitable for basic daily consumption. Now, with the help of scientific approaches, the quality of our tea has risen significantly.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了武夷山国家公园的建立,及园区内采取的生态友好型的种植方式,既保护了当地环境,又提高了茶农收入。
5.What was the Wuyishan National Park intended for ( )
A.To attract more tourists to come here.
B.To examine innovative technological methods.
C.To arouse the awareness of protecting the biodiversity.
D.To promote the eco-environment and tea quality.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However, illegal land reclamation of tea mountains...around Wuyi Mountain.”“The park authorities have...tea industry and biodiversity.”可知,武夷山国家公园的设计初衷是改善生态环境和提高茶的质量。
√
6.What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 4 mean ( )
A.Asking the authorities for help.
B.Decreasing land reclamation of tea mountains.
C.Using eco-friendly plantations.
D.Growing all the broad-leaved trees.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Eco-friendly plantations...have been introduced to the park.”可知,“This practice”指的是使用生态友好型种植园。
√
7.What can be inferred according to the local farmers ( )
A.They benefit a lot from the tourism of the national park.
B.The quality of their tea is much better than before.
C.The scientific approaches make no difference to them.
D.Their knowledge of tea field management is the best.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“In the past, we lacked knowledge of scientific tea field management...Now, with the help of scientific approaches, the quality of our tea has risen significantly.”可知,过去茶的质量一般,仅适合基本的日常消耗,而现在茶的质量已提升很多。
√
8.Where is the passage most probably taken from ( )
A.A novel. B.A medical book.
C.A tourist brochure. D.A magazine.
解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍的是武夷山国家公园的相关内容,可能出自农业和环境保护方面的杂志。
√
Ⅱ.七选五
Lessons to Learn from Nature
As we become more and more separated from nature, we start to realize how much we depend on it. People often seek for wisdom, experience and knowledge. Guess who's been around in this world longer than mother nature The followings are the lessons nature can teach us.
1._________________________ As the daily, monthly, and yearly cycles change, everything in nature changes, too. Leaves change their color;
B.Nature is ever-changing.
解析：空处位于段首,需统领段落内容。根据下文“As the daily, monthly, and yearly cycles change, everything in nature changes, too.”可知,自然在不断变化，B项符合语境。
flowers turn into fruits; some animals sleep throughout the whole winter, and when they wake up, it's spring again—a new beginning. What we need to learn is that change is a good thing.2. ________
__________________________________________________
F.Accepting
change makes us more adaptable, and that sets us free.
解析：根据上文“What we need to learn is that change is a good thing.”可知，从自然中学到变化是好事,F项解释接受变化的好处,承接上文，符合语境。其中的change和上文的change是同词复现。
Nature is flexible. Flexibility is what helps a leaf endure. If there's a lot of sun in the area, the leaves of a particular plant will be smaller, thicker, and will change their color. Leaves growing in the shade, on the other hand, will be larger, greener, and thinner, so they could absorb more sunlight.3. _____________________________
_________________________
D.The ability to adapt quickly is
an important ability.
解析：本段的主题句即第一句提到自然界是灵活的,然后通过树叶具体描述自然界中植物生存的灵活性，由此可知，空处应说明快速适应的重要性,D项承接上文,符合语境。其中的adapt quickly是对上文的Flexibility的阐释。
4. ___________________________ When you spend time in nature, by the sea, in the forest, or in the desert, you'll notice nothing really happens hurriedly.
A.Nature is never in a rush
解析：空处位于段首,统领段落内容。根据下文“When you spend time...happens hurriedly.”可知，自然界中没有事情是匆忙发生的,空处应说明自然不匆忙,A项符合语境，可统领下文内容。下文的hurriedly呼应其中的in a rush。
5. _____________________________________________________ We overload ourselves with work that we can't fit into 24 hours and then we get stressed out. Stop for a moment. Breathe. Set your priorities and change your life's tempo （节奏）.
E.On the other hand, human beings are always in a hurry.
解析：根据下文“We overload ourselves with work that we can't fit into 24 hours and then we get stressed out.”可知，人总是负担过重、忙忙碌碌,空处应点明人类匆匆忙忙,E项符合语境,和上文自然的不匆忙形成对比,引出下文。
A.Nature is never in a rush.
B.Nature is ever-changing.
C.Nature always has its own pace.
D.The ability to adapt quickly is an important ability.
E.On the other hand, human beings are always in a hurry.
F.Accepting change makes us more adaptable, and that sets us free.
G.It's important for the leaves to know how to adapt to the environment.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们可以向大自然学习的一些经验,包括接受变化、快速适应和找到从容的生活节奏。
Ⅲ.完形填空
As a whale researcher, Nan Hauser has been awarded the international title of “Earth Ambassador”.While many local people had heard of this ___________________.,it was an encounter （邂逅） that would make her known worldwide.
One day, Nan was shooting some videos with the whales, when the most remarkable thing . _____________..As she swam alongside them,they began to display . _____________. signs that danger was near. Suddenly, she saw
D.biologist
A.happened
B.warning
a whale swim towards her at full speed. Just as . _____________ hit,one of the whales used its fin to push Nan onto its back and out of range of...not a whale but a tiger shark.
After the shark disappeared, the whale . _____________. accompanied Nan back to her boat. She climbed aboard and yelled her appreciation to the . _____________.After a few minutes,the whale disappeared, and Nan said goodbye, feeling . _____________ for this lifetime encounter.
B.panic
C.safely
D.whale
B.grateful
Almost a year later, Nan received a call from a fisherman saying that he _____________ whales in the harbour. Could her whale friend have _____________. She jumped onto a boat quickly. Nan instantly _____________ her friend,and dived into the water to swim with him.
After Nan's encounter, she _____________. with how best she could thank the whale. After all,it's _____________. to hug something much larger than you. So what's the most _____________. way to thank a whale It's by caring,learning more about them,and . _____________. their habitat. As for us,we can help in small ways. For example, . _____________. single-use plastics will make a difference.
A.spotted
C.returned
D.recognised
B.struggled
C.tricky
A.influential
B.protecting
D.abandoning
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了海洋生物学家南·豪泽与一头鲸鱼之间的故事。
1.( ) A.chemist B.physicist C.geologist D.biologist
解析：根据上文“As a whale researcher”和下文的内容可知,南·豪泽是一位海洋生物学家（biologist）,与一头鲸鱼的偶遇让她闻名世界。
2.( ) A.happened B.approached C.busted D.escaped
解析：根据语境可知，此处指南·豪泽在海上拍摄鲸鱼的视频时,发生了（happen）不同寻常的事情。
√
√
3.( ) A.rescuing B.warning
C.waiting D.recommending
解析：根据语境可知，此处指鲸鱼发出了危险在靠近的警告（warning）信号。
4.( ) A.excitement B.panic
C.surprise D.disappointment
解析：根据下文“one of the whales used its fin to push Nan onto its back”可知,南·豪泽心里感到非常恐慌（panic）。
√
√
5.( ) A.really B.clearly C.safely D.rudely
解析：根据语境可知，此处指这头鲸鱼把南·豪泽安全地（safely）护送回她的船上。
6.( ) A.woman B.boat C.shark D.whale
解析：根据上文“After the shark disappeared, the whale...to her boat.”可知，南·豪泽爬上了自己的船后,对这头鲸鱼（whale）大声喊着感激的话。
√
√
7.( ) A.proud B.grateful C.hopeful D.pitiful
解析：根据上文“yelled her appreciation to the ”可知,南·豪泽对这次偶遇心存感激（grateful）。
8.( ) A.spotted B.pleased C.targeted D.tracked
解析：根据语境可知，此处指当地渔民打电话说他发现（spot）海湾有鲸鱼出没。
√
√
9.( ) A.welcomed B.suffered C.returned D.refreshed
解析：根据上文“Almost a year later...in the harbour.”可知，南·豪泽在想,是不是她的鲸鱼朋友回来（return）了。
10.( ) A.waved B.greeted C.realised D.recognised
解析：根据上文“Could her whale friend have ____ ”可知，此处指南·豪泽瞬间认出了（recognise）她的朋友。
√
√
11.( ) A.combined B.struggled C.argued D.connected
解析：根据语境可知，南·豪泽心里纠结（struggle）着要以何种最好的方式感谢这头鲸鱼。
12.( ) A.pretty B.funny C.tricky D.vital
解析：根据上文“she ____ with how best she could thank the whale”可知，此处指拥抱比你大得多的东西是很难办的（tricky）。
√
√
13.( ) A.influential B.particular C.logical D.incredible
解析：根据下文“It's by caring, learning more about them, and ____ their habitat.”可知，此处指感谢鲸鱼最有影响力的（influential）办法是多了解、呵护它们,并保护（protect）它们的栖息地。
14.( ) A.creating B.protecting C.surrounding D.establishing
解析：参见上题解析。
√
√
15.( ) A.donating B.exchanging C.throwing D.abandoning
解析：根据常识可知，我们可以从小事着手,不使用（abandon）一次性塑料制品会有助于保护鲸鱼。
√(共40张PPT)
课后巩固 多维提能
［基础知识巩固练］
维度一 词形转换和动词的形式变换
1.At the festival, I got _________（involve） in a wide range of amazing activities from drama performance to art works exhibition.
involved
2.She was shocked by the _______（cruel） of his words, thinking he was too hard on her.
cruelty
3.Even in advanced ___________（agriculture） societies, it took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities.
agricultural
4.The _________（memory） service will be held at a local hall.
memorial
5.It is well known that ________（organ） food is more tasty.
organic
6.They took the _______（scene） route back to the hotel.
scenic
7.A man claiming ______（be） a journalist will reveal details about that accident.
to be
8.It was an ________（history） day, yet its passing was not marked by the slightest excitement.
historic
9.The _________（chemistry） industry, which plays a vital role in the global economy, is constantly evolving to meet new challenges.
chemical
10.The mountain range _______（carve） by glaciers thousands of years ago is now a popular destination for hikers.
carved
11.The teacher asked the students ________（sum） the numbers in their heads, which helped improve their mental math skills.
to sum
12.The storm brought ________（mass） rainfall, so many areas experienced severe flooding, leading to widespread damage.
massive
13.After the ___________（destruct） of the old bridge, engineers designed a new one that could withstand extreme weather conditions.
destruction
14.If we do not take immediate action to protect ___________（endanger） ecosystems, many species could disappear within the next decade.
endangered
15.As working from home becomes ____________（increase） common, people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career.
increasingly
16.Although the region has experienced severe _________（dry） for several years, farmers are adopting innovative techniques to conserve water.
droughts
维度二 固定用法和搭配
1.They continue to involve themselves deeply ___ community affairs.
in
2.（人教选必一U5）____ instance, they may grow corn or wheat in a field one year, and then grow beans there the next.
For
3.The arts clearly have a pretty positive impact ____ physical and psychological health.
on
4.The teacher asked the boy to sum ____ the main ideas of this article.
up
5.As far as I know, he has ever suffered ______ a serious illness.
from
6.___ was claimed that some doctors were working 80 hours a week.
It
7.The most important argument ____ a broad education is that in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages, we improve our moral sense.
for
8.Do you remember the scene _______ Susan meets Alan for the first time
where
9.Although the company earned billions ___ dollars last year, it decided to reinvest most of the profits into research and development.
of
10.In addition ___ improving your physical health, regular exercise can also boost your mental well-being.
11.She loves the excitement of living in a big city; on ____ other hand, she sometimes misses the peace of the countryside.
to
the
12.The king, who was often cruel ___ his enemies, showed unexpected kindness to the poor in his kingdom.
to
13.__________ you choose to wear, make sure it's appropriate for the occasion.
Whatever
14.If we continue to consume huge _________（amount） of energy at the current rate, we will face serious environmental consequences in the near future.
amounts
15.The cost of the project is more _____ ＄1 million, making it a significant investment for the company.
than
16.Apart ______ the beautiful scenery, the local food is also a big attraction.
from
维度三 完成句子/句型转换
1.我打电话叫警察，他们很快就赶到了现场。
I phoned the police and ______________________ within minutes.
they were on the scene
2.按照目前的下降速度，许多雨林动物将会灭绝。
___________________________, many of the rain forest animals will be extinct.
At the current rate of decline
3.由于市场需求已经大幅下降，这家公司不得不减产。（as引导原因状语从句）
_____________________________________________，the company has to cut down on production.
As the market demand has decreased significantly
4.生活就像一场旅程，我们迈出的每一步都会带来新的经历和挑战。（where引导非限制性定语从句）
Life is like a journey, _______________________________________________________________.
where each step we take brings new experiences and challenges
5.这座岛屿被清澈的海水环绕，是数千种物种的家园。
The island, surrounded by crystal-clear waters, ___________________
______________.
is home to thousands
of species
6.They claimed that they were unlikely to have been lost, because they had walked the road many times.
→__________________ they were unlikely to have been lost, because they had walked the road many times.（it作形式主语）
It was claimed that
7.The young girl was involved in studying. She paid no attention to the outside world.
→__________________________, the young girl paid no attention to the outside world.（现在分词短语作状语）
→___________________, the young girl paid no attention to the outside world.（形容词短语作状语）
Involving herself in studying
Involved in studying
8.As time went on, our knowledge broadened.
→___________________, our knowledge broadened.（with复合结构）
With time going on
［综合能力提升练］
Ⅰ.阅读理解
For people who are blind or visually impaired （视力受损的）,the world is often a little different. So when the guide dog comes along,everything becomes a whole lot better.
“Love it when he plays with me and how excited he gets when he sees me come home from school. He jumps up and down!” This report is from Luke Herbert, aged 8 of Ft. Lewis-McChord Wash. He's talking about Yeti,his 2-year-old yellow dog.
Wait, there's more.“Yeti also gives the best slobber （口水） kisses!” he tells a newspaper. Yep, that's the good thing right there.
Few relationships compare to the one between a boy and his dog, but Luke and Yeti are an extra special team. Luke has braved 14 operations in his young life and is legally blind. His parents,Stephanie and Matthew Herbert,requested help from Guide Dogs for the Blind's K9 Buddy Programme.
Now Luke and Yeti are like brothers and his parents are surprised. They've seen an extra increase of confidence in their son who loves to take Yeti exploring with him and can approach his partners more easily if Yeti is by his side.
Luke has also just grown so much as an individual by really learning to take care of someone other than himself. The Herberts say,“He's learning real-life skills from taking care of Yeti which will benefit him far into adulthood. We are so proud of both of them and can't wait to see where their relationship takes them!”
Luke added that he loves having Yeti,since he always makes him feel better when he's sad or doesn't feel good. More importantly,“I get to keep him forever!” he says. Now Luke Herbert and his guide dog,Yeti,are ready for a new adventure.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了男孩卢克和他的导盲犬耶蒂之间的故事。
1.What can we know about Yeti ( )
A.He can't see very well.
B.He is specially trained for Luke.
C.He is a guide dog to Luke.
D.He was bought by Luke's family.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He's talking about Yeti, his 2-year-old yellow dog.”以及最后一段中的“Now Luke Herbert and his guide dog, Yeti, are ready for a new adventure.”可知,耶蒂是卢克的导盲犬。
√
2.Why is Luke and Yeti's relationship special ( )
A.Because they like to play together.
B.Because they help each other.
C.Because Yeti acts as Luke's eyes.
D.Because Luke takes good care of Yeti.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Luke has braved...for the Blind's K9 Buddy Programme.”可知，他们的关系的特殊之处在于耶蒂充当了卢克的眼睛。
√
3.What is Luke's family's attitude to Luke and Yeti's future relationship ( )
A.Hopeful. B.Worried. C.Doubtful. D.Uncaring.
解析：观点态度题。根据第六段中的“We are so proud of...takes them!”可知,卢克的家人对他与耶蒂的关系充满希望和期待。
√
4.What is the author's purpose in writing the passage ( )
A.To provide guidance on having a pet dog.
B.To share a story about a boy and his guide dog.
C.To state the importance of protecting animals.
D.To suggest a way to build confidence in children.
解析：写作意图题。文章首段引出本文的主要人物;再结合下文讲述的内容可知,文章主要讲述了男孩卢克和他的导盲犬耶蒂之间的故事。
√
Ⅱ.七选五
（2025·保定部分高中期中）Tomato plants are adaptable to less-than-optimal conditions, but meeting their preferred conditions yields （出产） the juiciest and most delicious fruit.
Light. 1.______________________________________________ In extremely hot conditions, the morning sunlight and afternoon shade are sufficient. Although the plants can grow in mainly shady areas, the production of fruit will be severely limited.
D.In general, tomato plants require the full sun.
解析：根据上文“Light.”以及下文“In extremely hot conditions...will be severely limited.”可知,本段主要说明了番茄的生长需要阳光。D项符合语境。
Soil and water. Tomato plants grow best when they have fertile soil and consistent moisture（水分）. If it rains less than 25.4 millimeters per week, you need to water them yourself. 2. ___________________________________________________ Placing much around your tomato plants discourages weeds,
E.However, to prevent diseases, avoid wetting the leaves.
解析：根据上文“If it rains less than...water them yourself.”可知,空处应说明自己浇水的注意事项。E项符合语境。
maintains soil moisture, and prevents diseases from splashing off the soil onto the leaves when it rains. Aim for a 3- to 4-inch-thick layer of the organic covering, such as straw, chopped leaves or finely shredded wood chips.
Temperature and humidity. 3. _____________________________
Wait until the soil warms in spring before setting out plants. Tomato plants grow well when the temperature is about 25 . Although they love the sun,
C.Tomatoes are warm-weather fans.
解析：根据下文“Wait until the soil warms...stop growing.”可知,空处应说明番茄喜欢温暖的天气。C项符合语境。
when the temperature rises above 40 , they will stop growing. Tomatoes like a relatively high humidity level of 65 percent to 85 percent. Levels higher than this range negatively affect the plants.
4. _____________ Tomato plants grow best when fertilized at two specific times during the growing season: right after planting and just before the fruit develops. Apply balanced liquid plant food to them.
A.Fertilizer.
解析：根据下文“Tomato plants grow best when fertilized...plant food to them.”可知,本段主要介绍施肥。A项“Fertilizer.”对应下文中的
fertilized。
Pruning （打杈）. Tomato plants don't have to be pruned. However, removing any side shoots growing between the main stem and a branch is a good idea. 5. _______________________________
___________________________
G.They can influence the growth of
main branches growing fruit.
解析：根据上文“However, removing any side shoots...is a good idea.”可知,空处应承接上文,说明除去侧枝的原因。G项符合语境。
A.Fertilizer.
B.The planting area.
C.Tomatoes are warm-weather fans.
D.In general, tomato plants require the full sun.
E.However, to prevent diseases, avoid wetting the leaves.
F.To make them grow better, water them as often as you can.
G.They can influence the growth of main branches growing fruit.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了种植番茄的最佳环境。
Ⅲ.语法填空
A new research suggests planting trees and other plants near factories could reduce pollution by almost one-third. The 1.________（add） of plant life may even cost less and be more effective than technology 2._________（design） to cut pollution. The findings 3._____________（report） in the publication Environmental Science & Technology.
addition
designed
were reported
The lead author of the study was Bhavik Bakshi, 4._____ is a professor of chemical and biomolecular （生物分子） engineering at the Ohio State University in Columbus. Bakshi and other researchers collected data about air pollution and plant life 5.___ 48 American states.
who
in
They knew that trees and plants were absorbing large amounts of 6.________（harm） emissions from the air. So they 7.__________（attempt） to find out whether new vegetation （植被） could reduce air pollution's effects.
“People 8.________（seek） to solve air pollution problems need to start looking at nature and learning from it，” Bakshi said. He added that nature-based 9._________（method） could result in “win-win” solutions that save money and are better for the environment. The study did not identify 10.___________ kinds of trees or plants would be best at reducing air pollution.
harmful
attempted
seeking
methods
which/what
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，在工厂附近种植绿植可减少三分之一的污染，比科技治污更加经济有效。
1.________
addition
解析：考查名词。根据空前的The以及空后的of可知，应用名词形式。
2._________
designed
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，design与technology之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语。
3._____________
were reported
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，这里描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时；且The findings与report之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；findings是复数，be动词也应用复数形式。
4._____
who
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词 Bhavik Bakshi，在从句中作主语，应用who。
5.___
in
解析：考查介词。此处作地点状语，应用介词in。
6.________
harmful
解析：考查形容词。空处修饰名词emissions，应用形容词形式。
7.__________
attempted
解析：考查动词的时态。本句缺乏谓语动词，分析上下文可知，这是发生在过去的动作，应用一般过去时。
8.________
seeking
解析：考查非谓语动词。空处作后置定语修饰people，seek与people之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词形式。
9._________
methods
解析：考查名词复数。method是可数名词，根据上下文可知，应用复数形式。
10.___________
which/what
解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作kinds的定语，表示“哪几种”或“什么品种”，应用which或what。(共36张PPT)
UNIT 3 CONSERVATION
Period 5 WRITING WORKSHOP & OTHER PARTS
1
精读课文 语篇理解
2
创意课堂 点面突破
3
课堂微练 即时检验
PART
01
精读课文 语篇理解
1.Fill in the blanks according to the passage.
Location Significance Features
Temple and Mansion of Confucius located in （1）____ （2）_____ __________ Confucius Visitors can enjoy the grounds outside, where there are more than 1,000 （3）____________ and over 100,000 tombs.
Qufu
a
memorial to
stone tablets
Location Significance Features
Old Town of Lijiang a few hours bus-ride away from （4）____ Venice in the East Surrounded by fields, mountains and rivers, it looks like （5）________________. There are narrow alleys, pretty streams, small stone bridges and houses with （6）___________________
_____________________.
Dali
a jade ink stone
carved doors and
painted windows
续表
Location Significance Features
Jiuzhaigou Valley （7）_____ ___ Sichuan Province a unique （8）______________; an area of （9）_________ ______________ Visitors come to admire the mountains, lakes, streams...It （10）___________ many protected species of plants and endangered animals.
north
of
natural wonder
outstanding natural beauty
is home to
续表
2.What's the common feature of the three sites ( )
A.They're all enormous.
B.They're all historical sites.
C.They're all located in Dali.
D.They're all world heritage sites.
√
3.Which place will you go if you are interested in protected species ( )
A.Old Town of Lijiang.
B.Temple and Mansion of Confucius.
C.Jiuzhaigou Valley.
D.Temple of Heaven.
√
1.Match the main idea for each paragraph.
（1）Para. 1 A.Landslides and earthquakes are even more dangerous now than in the past.
答案：C
（2）Para. 2 B.Most experts believe things could get a lot worse.
答案：D
（3）Para. 3 C.Natural disasters have become increasingly common all over the world.
答案：A
（4）Para. 4 D.Why disasters are getting worse.
答案：B
2.Which of the following did NOT happen in 2016 ( )
A.A huge forest fire happened in Canada.
B.The city of Mocoa in Colombia was hit by a landslide.
C.Three volcanic eruptions happened in Indonesia.
D.A massive earthquake hit central Italy.
√
3.Which of the following is NOT the reason why nature turns on us ( )
A.Destruction of the food chain.
B.Destruction of the world's forests.
C.The population is growing too fast.
D.Global warming.
√
PART
02
创意课堂 点面突破
1 involve vt.包含，需要；牵涉，涉及；使参加（卷入）
【经典例句】（教材P）Factory farming involves keeping farm animals inside buildings to increase the production of meat or eggs.
工厂化养殖包括在室内饲养农场动物，以增加肉类或蛋类的产量。
（1）involve （doing） sth. 包含/需要（做）某事
involve oneself in... 参加……
（2）be/get involved in 参与；卷入；与……有关联；专注于
（3）involvement n. 参与；卷入；牵连
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
（1）In a recent book, he advocated much more government ____________（involve） in health care.
（2）Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which involves _________（spend） quite a lot of time with students.
involvement
spending
（3）所有师生都积极地参加了这次越野赛跑。
→All the teachers and students ______________________ the cross-country running race.
→All the teachers and students _____________________________ the cross-country running race.［应用文写作之活动报道］
got actively involved in
involved themselves actively in
2 instance n．例子，实例；事例v.举……为例
【经典例句】（教材P）For instance, many farm animals are kept in small spaces where they can hardly move.
例如，许多农场动物被关在狭小的空间里，几乎无法移动。
for instance=for example 例如；比如
in the first instance 第一；首先
in most/any instances 在多数/任何情况下
at the instance of sb.=at one's instance 应某人的要求
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1）If you wish to join the club, you should apply to the Secretary ___ the first instance.
（2）The teacher assigned some supplementary exercises ___ our instance.
（3）There are a number of improvements; ____ instance, both mouse buttons can now be used.
（4）在多数情况下，这种疼痛很快就会消失。
_________________, the pain will soon go away.
in
at
for
In most instances
3 claim vt.要求；声称；断言；主张；认领；索取 n．声称；（根据权力而提出的）要求
【经典例句】
①（教材P）People who fight for animal rights claim that these animals suffer terrible stress.
为动物权利发声的人声称这些动物承受着可怕的压力。
②（外研选必一U6）I can't quite believe that I'm about to travel along the railway that many foreign experts claimed was “impossible”.
我简直不敢相信自己将要沿着被许多外籍专家声称“不可能”建成的铁路旅行。
（1）claim to do sth. 声称/主张做某事
claim to have done sth. 声称做过某事
（2）It is claimed that... 据称……；据说……
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1）Doctors claimed __________________（discover） a cure for the rare disease.
（2）Don't be taken in by advertisements claiming ________（help） you lose weight in a week.
to have discovered
to help
（3）据说幽默不仅影响病人的情绪，而且还有助于病人更快康复。
_________________ humour not only affects patients' moods but also helps them recover faster.
It is claimed that
4 scenic adj.景色优美的
【经典例句】The Grand Canyon is a truly scenic wonder, offering breathtaking views at every turn.
大峡谷是一个真正的风景奇观，每一处都令人叹为观止。
（1）scene n. （戏剧的）一场；场面；景色；现场；事发地点
on the scene 在现场；当场；在台上
behind the scenes 在幕后；暗中
appear/come on the scene 出场；登场
（2）scenery n. ［U］风景，景色（总称）
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1）Things haven't been the same since the new teacher came ____ the scene.
（2）The moment the police received the call, they rushed to the scene _______ a traffic accident happened.
（3）Walking through the _______（scene） park, I couldn't help but feel grateful for the beauty of nature.
on
where
scenic
（4）学生可以去后台看看节目是怎么制作出来的。
The students ________________________________ to see how programmes are made.
were able to go behind the scenes
scene作先行词且在定语从句中作状语时，用关系副词where或in which来引导。
5 as引导原因状语从句
【经典例句】
①（教材P）As factory farms do not use many workers, the costs are low and the production is high.
因为工厂化农场使用的工人不多，所以其成本低，产量高。
②（人教选必一U2）It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier， as it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media. 它还让人们更容易在生活中找到机会，因为它让人们通过使用社交媒体建立更大的朋友网络。
as作连词，可引导以下几种从句：
（1）as引导原因状语从句，意为“由于、因为”；
（2）as引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候、随着”；
（3）as引导方式状语从句，意为“按照……、照着……、像……一样”；
（4）as引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然、尽管”，需将后面的表语、状语提到前面构成倒装句；
（5）as引导定语从句，意为“正如、正像”。
【写出下列句中as引导的从句类型/完成句子】
（1）（外研必修一U3） Alistair pushed himself towards the finish line in the burning heat, but as he came round the corner, he saw his brother about to fall onto the track. ______________
时间状语从句
（2）（外研必修三U2） As the Chinese saying goes, “A kind-hearted person lives a long life.”__________
定语从句
（3）（外研选必一U4） As this artwork is rarely on display, people have sometimes queued up to six hours for a chance to see it.______________
（4）Thoreau's writing aimed to convince people that animals and plants had a right to live and prosper, as we do.______________
原因状语从句
方式状语从句
（5）尽管我们疲惫不堪，饥肠辘辘，但五公里越野跑让我们受益匪浅。
________________________________， we benefited a lot from the five-kilometer cross-country running race. （倒装句）［应用文写作之活动介绍］
Exhausted and hungry as we were
PART
03
课堂微练 即时检验
Ⅰ.品句填词
1.Experts strongly recommend that farmers should use more ________（有机的） fertilizers.
2.There are now more than eight _______（十亿） people living on the earth.
3.It is rather ______（残忍的） for humans to keep the animals in small space.
4.That man c_______ that he would go to the court to demand for his rights.
organic
billion
cruel
laimed
5.The condition is usually treated with d_____ and a strict diet.
6.He wrote a very excellent ______（散文）, for which he was highly praised by the headmaster.
7.A new railway will be built through the _______（山谷） of this mountain.
8.There used to be a _______（寺院） to the north of the village.
9.For i________, the number of pandas is on the increase now.
10.This kind of change is called a _________（化学的） change.
rugs
essay
valley
temple
nstance
chemical
Ⅱ.词块运用
1.Ice on the Qinghai plateau is retreating _______________________
______________（以每年百分之七的速度）.
at the rate of seven per cent every year
2.Recently researchers have come to the conclusion that singing in
groups could ________________________________________________
_________（对缓解焦虑和抑郁有积极影响）.
have a positive impact on reducing anxiety and depression
3.Actually, the film you see _____________（在屏幕上） is the product of a huge amount of hard work, most of which takes place _________________（在幕后）.
on the scene
behind the scenes
4.No matter what happens in the court, the judges must stand for us to ______________________________（为我们事业的正义而战）.
5.I'd prefer to do it in this way rather than ____________（以那种方式）.
6.Last year, the university offered a special course about how to _________________（摆脱焦虑）.
fight for the justice of our cause
in that way
get rid of anxiety
7.On the one hand, I have a strong belief that I will do well in the exam; _________________（另一方面）, I feel a bit nervous， though it's not difficult.
on the other hand
8.We sincerely hope that everyone can __________________________
_________________（参与保护濒危物种） from extinction.
9.I enjoyed, ____________（例如）, the chapter in which Harold discovers how to think on his own.
10._______________（除此之外）, the actual cost of misused light is estimated to be millions of dollars every year.
get involved in protecting endangered species
for instance
Apart from this(共57张PPT)
课后巩固 多维提能
［基础知识巩固练］
维度一 用适当的关系词填空
1.The Great Wall is one of the world-famous buildings _____ draws lots of visitors．
that
2.The flood destroyed all the books _____ were put on the first floor.
that
3.Yesterday, they went out to have a picnic in the park, _______ they had a good time.
where
4.We are going to learn some Chinese poems __________ were written in the Tang Dynasty.
that/which
5.Yesterday I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _______ price was very reasonable.
whose
6.Some people wear masks only in crowds, _______ they expect to come into contact with lots of germs.
where
7.Which is the true story _____ he told us
that
8.____ you know, our little expectation is that people should care as much about children from that country ___ they care about this boy.
As
as
9.Millions of people died in the early 19th century, ______ an outbreak of cholera hit Europe.
when
10.The girl with curly hair lost her badge, _______ annoyed her much.
which
11.Deeply affected by the story of the girl _______ eyesight was affected by the disease, all the students were moved to tears.
whose
12.He talked happily about the things and persons _____ he remembered during his studying in the school.
that
13.He intended to raise public awareness of the urgent need to protect elephants from hunters, _____ kill them for their ivory.
who
14.Those _____ stayed in the shelter were waiting for the helicopter to deliver supplies.
who
15.Many young people, most of _______ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
whom
16.English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of _______ uses it somewhat differently.
which
17.I got in touch with Michael ______________ I have been out of contact with for one year.
who/whom/that
18.I have the same book ___ he has, so you can borrow it and don't need to buy one.
as
19.The only furniture _____ he had in the room was a small bed.
that
20.It is the most amazing building _____ Daming has seen ever since he came here.
that
维度二 语法与写作
1.（2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ满分作文）总之，我们都期待着上你的课，在那里我们可以借此机会提高我们的英语口语。
In conclusion， we all look forward to attending your class， _____
_________________________________________________.
where
we can take the chance to improve our oral English
2.我认识那个人，他的公司生产电脑。
I know the man _________________________________.
whose company produces computers
3.中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。
China is a country ___________________________.
that/which has a long history
4.尽管简感到不舒服，她也不愿意去看医生，孩子通常就是这样。
Jane, _______________________________, was unwilling to see a doctor though she felt sick.
as is often the case with children
5.因此，即将到来的访谈定于下周五举行,其主题将是我们日常生活中的环境保护。
Therefore, the topic of the coming show, ________________________
_______________， will be environmental protection in our daily life.
which is scheduled to be held next Friday
维度三 语篇填空
（一）
My father works in a hospital 1.__________ is very famous in our city. My mother teaches maths in the school 2.__________ I study in. She likes watching TV plays 3._______ leading actors are very famous. I am a boy 4._________ likes playing basketball. I have several good friends 5.______________ I often play basketball with.
that/which
that/which
whose
who/that
who/whom/that
One day, I went out to the city stadium to play basketball with several of my friends 6._______ homes are not far from mine. However, a terrible matter occurred when we were playing happily, which made one of my legs hurt. Fortunately, the stadium where we were playing is not far from a clinic, so I was treated by a doctor 7._________ is skilled. Later, I was sent home by my friends 8._______ help makes me thank a lot. From this case, I know that the more attention I pay, the less pain I will get, which is really a live lesson.
whose
who/that
whose
（二）
Derwent Hotel
Keswick, 1._______ lies at the heart of the Lake District, is the best place for a holiday. And the Derwent Hotel, 2._______ overlooks the town, is the place to stay at.
The street, 3._______ the hotel lies, is quiet and clean. Most people get up late in the morning on weekends, 4.______ the cleaners still have much work to do. The cleaners keep the street clean and beautiful.
which
which
where
when
Peter and Debbie Jackson, 5._____ bought this small hotel three years ago, have already won a lot of praise for excellence. Peter, 6._______ cooking interests people from far and wide, was once “Young Chef of the Year”.
The guests, 7._______ the owners treat almost as members of the family, always come first. Omar and Sharif, 8._____ once stayed at the hotel, said it was “great”. And the Lake District, 9._______ has so much wonderful scenery, will not disappoint you. Derwent Hotel is one of the best hotels 10._____ you will not forget.
who
whose
whom
who
which
that
［综合能力提升练］
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2025·山东期中）I first realized that plastic was a serious matter for our planet during my travel in Western Australia. One day about 12 years ago, I stopped at a supermarket along the Coral Bay coast to buy some groceries. But the lady at the counter told me that the supermarket didn't sell any shopping bags to prevent plastic going into the ocean and help preserve the endangered turtles （海龟） living in that area. After a first reaction of surprise, I gathered all purchases in my arms and left, reflecting on what I had been told.
The experience in that trip made me more conscious of my impact and pushed me to adopt various habits to travel and live more sustainable. For example, I always carried a cotton bag when I went shopping.
My travel to Indonesia was another life-changing experience that strengthened my determination to turn to a zero-waste lifestyle. In Indonesia, finding safe drinkable water was always a challenge, so I traveled with my water bottle, managing to avoid almost entirely the use of plastic during my trip.
However, I was seriously struck by my stay on the Libaran Island, where a sustainable turtle conservation project was launched 10 years ago. Despite the big efforts by the project staff and the community at cleaning up the beaches and creatively reusing plastic, the shore was washed daily with tons of plastic coming from the tides. Walking on a carpet of plastic that almost prevented me from seeing the beach underneath was quite shocking.
Facing this global issue in person, I felt a sense of sadness and anger that soon turned into determination: to do as much as possible to reduce plastic in my life. Sometimes we might feel helpless in front of big problems, but we should be aware that small changes could actually make a difference step by step!
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在旅行中意识到塑料对地球的影响,从而加强了坚持零浪费生活方式的决心,并呼吁大家从自己做起,逐步减少塑料的使用的故事。
1.How does the author introduce the topic of the passage ( )
A.By reflecting on the present life.
B.By looking into the future environment.
C.By introducing the previous achievements.
D.By recalling the past shopping experience.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容可推知,作者通过回忆过去的购物经历引出了文章的话题。
√
2.What did the author decide to do after the trip about 12 years ago ( )
A.Cut back on travel. B.Shop less frequently.
C.Lead a green life. D.Purify drinking water.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,经过这次旅行,作者决定过一种绿色的生活。
√
3.What do we know about the project in paragraph 4 ( )
A.It had no clear goal.
B.It didn't work out very well.
C.It met the islanders' needs.
D.It aimed to prevent turtle attacks.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Despite the big efforts...the shore was washed daily with tons of plastic coming from the tides.”可推知,该项目收效甚微,即作用不大。
√
4.What does the author think of the plastic problem ( )
A.It is permanent. B.It is manageable.
C.It is easy to solve. D.It is lacking in attention.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知,作者认为塑料问题一定是可以解决的。
√
B
A team of Dutch researchers has discovered that magpies （喜鹊） are using metal spikes （things with sharp points） designed to keep them away from certain urban areas to make their own nests stronger and keep invaders at bay.
Scientists have known for a while that magpies are some of the most intelligent birds in the world, but even they were puzzled by their amazing ability to adapt to hostile urban environments. It's not unusual for birds to use human trash as tools and building materials for their nests,but seeing them use the very things we humans use against them was nothing short of puzzling for researchers.
“I didn't expect this. These anti-bird spikes are meant to deter birds, and they are supposed to scare them off, but on the contrary,
the birds just use them.” Kees Moeliker, the director of the Natural History Museum Rotterdam, told the media.
One particularly impressive magpie nest was discovered in the courtyard of a hospital in Antwerp, Belgium. It was made up of around 1,500 anti-bird spikes,most of which seemed to be positioned with the sharp points outwards, as protection against invaders. After discovering it, researchers checked the roof and confirmed that around 50 metres of anti-bird spike strips had been pulled down from the building, leaving only the glue used to fix them in place.
Birds have been known to take sharp objects, from branches to nails, screws, into their nests as protection, but the use of anti-bird spikes is kind of ironic, as they are the very things used to keep them away. To scientists like Hiemstra, this is a sort of “beautiful revenge”.
A few years back, we wrote about rich people in the UK installing anti-bird spikes on trees to stop birds from pooping on their luxury cars, but I guess the birds had the last laugh.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了荷兰一组研究人员发现,喜鹊正在使用一种不寻常的材料筑巢,以更好地适应城市环境。
5.How did the researchers feel when they found magpies make use of metal spikes ( )
A.Shocked. B.Amused. C.Frightened. D.Disappointed.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容以及第二段中的“Scientists have known...hostile urban environments.”可知,当研究人员发现喜鹊使用金属尖刺来使它们的巢穴更坚固并用以阻止入侵者进入时,他们感到震惊。
√
6.What does the underlined word “deter” mean in paragraph 3 ( )
A.Attract. B.Threaten. C.Raise. D.Protect.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“they are supposed to scare them off”可知,这些防鸟尖刺旨在吓跑鸟类,由此可猜测,画线词意为“威慑”。
√
7.What is paragraph 4 mainly about ( )
A.Supporting evidence for the research result.
B.Deeper explanation of the research finding.
C.Practical application of the research discovery.
D.Further exploration of the cause of the discovery.
解析：段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知,本段是研究结果——喜鹊使用防鸟尖刺筑巢的支持性证据。
√
8.What can we infer from the passage ( )
A.Birds are the masters of architecture.
B.Birds respond wisely in the face of anti-bird spikes.
C.Birds use human trash to make for better adaptation.
D.Birds turn out the most intelligent species in the world.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“These anti-bird spikes...told the media.”可知,面对防鸟尖刺,鸟类会做出明智的反应。
√
C
Being able to tell human faces apart is a skill that almost every person has, although some are far better at it than others. But a new study from a journal says that this is not just a skill that humans possess. Even fish can do it.
Following up on research studying different species' abilities to recognise human faces （sheep, dogs, cows, horses, and birds have all been tried）,the researchers from the University of Oxford and the University of Queensland decided to pick an animal that does not have an evolved neocortex （大脑新皮层）,the part of the brain that processes sight and sounds, and does not have a close relationship with humans. That way, there would be no reason why these test subjects （实验对象） would have a past history of
identifying human faces. So they picked the archerfish, a reef fish variety that shoots water into the air to knock its prey （猎物） out of the sky. They used this adaptation to have the fish spray water at a face on a monitor hanging over their tanks for a reward. Most of the fish were able to pick out their learnt faces, even when colours were taken away or methods were used to make the face shapes unclear.
This study gives more backing to the hypothesis （假设） that differentiating between faces is not just a skill that big-brained organisms are born with. It is possible that a good portion of face recognition is learnt over time. The development of the neocortex may contribute only to quickly processing a large number of faces in varying situations. But more work needs to be conducted to find a deeper link to this possible learnt behaviour. The subject of this study was very small—only eight fish were used altogether.
Also, the faces displayed on the monitor were only white, female faces from a German database, shown in a frontal view, with no expressions. Other animal trials have shown that some species, like pigeons, respond more to differing angles and varied expressions.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明,辨别人脸不仅是人类所特有的技能,鱼类等其他物种也能做到。文章介绍了研究人员用射水鱼来进行这项研究的原因及实验过程。
9.Why were the archerfish chosen as test subject ( )
A.Because they are cleverer than other species.
B.Because they have sharp vision and hearing.
C.Because they aren't closely related to humans.
D.Because they spray water to hit the prey.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“does not have a close relationship with humans...So they picked the archerfish”可知,选择射水鱼作为实验对象是因为它们和人类的关系并不密切。
√
10.What is the author's attitude towards the study ( )
A.Cautious. B.Negative. C.Positive. D.Sympathetic.
解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“It is possible that...varied expressions.”可推知,作者对这项研究持谨慎态度。
√
11.What is the purpose of this passage ( )
A.To introduce a scientific discovery.
B.To present the differences between species.
C.To show how animals tell human faces apart.
D.To introduce the animals that can recognise human faces.
解析：写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段内容可推知,这篇文章的目的是介绍一项科学发现。
√
12.Which of the following is suggested for similar studies in the future ( )
A.Including more experimental subjects.
B.Enlarging the human faces.
C.Employing more male researchers.
D.Using black-and-white pictures.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的倒数第二、第三句可推知,今后开展类似的研究时,建议有更多的实验对象。
√
Ⅱ.七选五
（2025·南阳六校期中）This time of year, in the US, many people are thinking about their gardens.1.________________________
__________________________ Others want to plant trees at their leisure. So, how do you choose a good tree
B.Some people are thinking
about planting flowers.
解析：根据上文“This time of year...their gardens.”和下文介绍其他人想在闲暇时种树可知,空处应承上启下，B项符合语境，且B项中的Some和下文中的Others构成“Some...Others...（一些人……其他人……）”句型。
One way to do it might be to choose the “state” tree where you live. However, some state trees no longer grow well in their own states. 2. __________________________________________ They are not certain to live long lives in their “home” states, yet they could do well in other places. However, if you have a tree growing on your land that is now weak, it is not necessary to remove it. You just have to take care of it.
A.Other state trees are in the same situation.
解析：根据上文“However, some state trees no longer grow well in their own states.”可知,空处应承接上文，A项符合语境，且A项中的Other state trees与上文中的some state trees呼应,前后句构成并列关系,指出其他的州树也有相同的情况,即长得不好。
People are concerned about keeping trees healthy not only because they look good when they grow.3. ______________________
____________________________________________ And they reduce water run-off. Run-off is water that comes during storms and that is not absorbed into the ground.
G.Trees produce oxygen
and provide shade and the cool during hot weather.
解析：根据上文“People are concerned about keeping trees...they grow.”可知,空处应该继续该话题,指出种植树木的其他好处。G项承接上文,符合语境。
Trees also trap CO, so they can contribute to climate goals. In fact, trees need CO to grow.
Even if you do not live in the US, you can still join in celebrating trees. If you are thinking of planting a tree this year, choose a tree that will do well even if your area gets a little bit warmer as the tree grows.
4. _______________________________________________ First, dig a hole as deep and twice as large as the tree's root ball. Then add a generous amount of compost （堆肥） as extra material into the soil as you fill the hole.
C.Here is some basic information about planting trees.
解析：根据下文“First, dig a hole...Then add a generous amount of compost...Water the tree for at least its first three years.”可知,本段介绍种树的具体步骤。C项引起下文,符合语境。
Water the tree for at least its first three years. 5. _______________
_______________________________________________ That can come from rain or extra water you provide.
E.Young trees
need at least 2.5 centimeters of water each week.
解析：根据上文“Water the tree for at least its first three years.”可知,空处应承接上文,说明给树浇水的原因。E项符合语境,且下文中的That指代E项中的“at least 2.5 centimeters of water”。
A.Other state trees are in the same situation.
B.Some people are thinking about planting flowers.
C.Here is some basic information about planting trees.
D.They are two of the largest and tallest trees in the world.
E.Young trees need at least 2.5 centimeters of water each week.
F.For those who love trees, there is a national day for tree planting.
G.Trees produce oxygen and provide shade and the cool during hot weather.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。美国的很多人都在考虑园艺以及种植树木,文章具体介绍了如何挑选适合的树木,并介绍了种植新树木的方法和注意事项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Potted landscape art, praised as “silent poetry” and “living sculptures”, is a rare and 1.__________（delight） Chinese art form. In a pot no larger than a washbasin, smart craftsmen create a miniature reproduction of a natural scene 2.______（use） plants, rocks and even water.
In general, the potted landscapes fall into two 3.__________（category）: potted landscapes composed of plants （potted plants） and those made of stones and water.
delightful
using
categories
The potted plants are made of old, short stumps （树桩） that can be easily changed into a 4._______________（desire） shape by hanging, binding, de-leafing and grafting （嫁接）. Some are made to look like moving beasts, some like flying birds, and others like imaginary animals.
desired/desirable
5._________（make） the second form of landscapes, the stones must be carved, chemically changed and arranged in a pretty pan pot dotted with miniature pavilions, bridges, boats, lichen （地衣） and other plants. With the finest workmanship, the elements are arranged to agree with 6.____ laws of nature, reflecting the natural scenery with poetic charm: “Mountains extending hundreds of miles all 7._____________（contain） in a pot so small.”
To make
the
are contained
Making potted landscapes demands painstaking efforts and 8.___ takes a long time to complete one. Sometimes, a craftsperson devotes all of his/her life to a piece of artwork so later generations can enjoy it to the fullest.
Potted landscapes may be as long as nine metres 9.___ less than 1 metre. However, the finished product looks heroic and grand, 10._____ lofty, famous mountains, vast deserts, and endless seas combined and contained into one pot.
it
or
with
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了盆景艺术被誉为“无声的诗” “活的雕塑”,是中国难得的、令人赏心悦目的艺术形式。
1.__________
delightful
解析：考查形容词。根据and连接的rare可知,空处应为形容词形式,共同构成并列形容词，修饰空后的名词短语Chinese art form。
2.______
using
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,空处为非谓语动词,use和逻辑主语smart craftsmen之间为主动关系,所以用动词-ing形式。
3.__________
categories
解析：考查名词复数。根据空前的two可知,空处应用名词的复数形式。
4._______________
desired/desirable
解析：考查形容词。根据空后名词shape并分析句子结构可知,空处应用形容词desired/desirable，意为“想要的”，作定语修饰名词。
5._________
To make
解析：考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知,空处应用动词不定式形式，表示“为了……”，作目的状语。
6.____
the
解析：考查冠词。根据laws of nature可知，此处为特指，表示“自然规律”，应用定冠词the。
7._____________
are contained
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,空处为谓语动词,Mountains和动词contain之间为被动关系,结合句意可知,该句陈述客观事实,时态为一般现在时,且主语Mountains是复数,be动词应用are。
8.___
it
解析：考查代词。分析句子结构可知,此处为固定句型it takes some time to do sth.，意为“花时间做某事”。
9.___
or
解析：考查连词。根据句意可知,此处为连词or表示“或者”连接前后部分。
10._____
with
解析：考查with复合结构。分析句子结构可知,此处为with复合结构作状语。(共101张PPT)
UNIT 3 CONSERVATION
［核心单词］
conservation destroy plastic
recycle informative threat switch
illegally hunt extinct incredibly
urgent species unusual mass
varied decrease blame affect
endangered restore consumer wasteful
transportation dirt realistic innovative
aware collection anxious reusable
stuck jam annoyed anger
gas cancer relate regular
destruction suit essay involve
institute opponent cruel instance
claim sum memorial scenic
historic agricultural
［重点短语］
have a role,do one's part,die out,wipe out,be to blame,be at risk,set out,traffic jam,stressed out,be related to,for instance,sum up
［重点句型］
1.“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句
2.倍数表达法
3.形容词（短语）作状语
4.while表示对比
5.as引导原因状语从句
［单元语法］
限制性和非限制性定语从句
［写作任务］
正反观点类议论文
［Natural environment］
glacier n. 冰川
plain n. 平原
plateau n. 高原
habitat n. 栖息地
harmonious adj. 和谐的
peaceful adj. 安宁的
rainforest n. （热带）雨林
interconnected adj. 相互联系的
［Environmental problems］
flood n. 洪水
hurricane n. 飓风
landslide n. 滑坡
drought n. 旱灾
acid rain 酸雨
global warming 全球变暖
destroy forests 破坏森林
greenhouse effect 温室效应
rising sea levels 海平面上升
forest fire 森林大火
［Environmental protection］
achieve sustainable development 实现可持续发展
preserve biodiversity 保护生物多样性
use renewable energy 使用可再生能源
advocate a low-carbon lifestyle 倡导一种低碳生活方式
reduce our carbon footprints 减少我们的碳足迹
raise awareness of environmental protection 提高环保意识
protect endangered species 保护濒危物种
prevent overfishing 阻止过度捕捞
live in harmony with nature 与自然和谐相处
话题佳句
1.If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment， the world will become much more beautiful. 如果人人都为保护环境做出贡献，世界将变得更加美丽。
2.If we add up all these small changes made by everyone worldwide, they won't be such small changes. 如果我们将全世界每个人做的这些小小的改变加起来的话，这些改变就不小了。
3.The earth is our home and we have the duty to take care of it for ourselves and for our later generations. 地球是我们的家园，我们有责任为我们自己和我们的后代去照顾好它。
4.Each person can play a part. Small changes like taking public transport and recycling will make a difference. 每个人都可以发挥作用。像乘坐公共交通工具与回收利用这样小小的改变也会起作用。
Period 1 TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1
1
精读课文 语篇理解
2
自查语基 知能落实
3
创意课堂 点面突破
4
课堂微练 即时检验
&1& 〈教材助读+语基默写〉见分册本
PART
01
精读课文 语篇理解
What's the main idea of the passage ( )
A.Protecting the environment is the only way to save the Earth.
B.Difficulties and challenges faced by mankind in protecting the environment.
C.The extinctions of species and the reasons and how to avoid the sixth extinction.
D.Human activities will lead to the destruction of the Earth.
√
1.How many times have there been when life on Earth has almost ended ( )
A.Twice. B.Three times. C.Six times. D.Five times.
2.What can we know from paragraph 2 ( )
A.Human activity has done harm to nature.
B.It is unusual for species to die out naturally.
C.Species die out quickly due to natural causes.
D.There are few reasons why so many species are dying out.
√
√
3.What will be the main cause of the next extinction ( )
A.Human activity.
B.Natural causes.
C.Asteroids hitting the Earth from space.
D.Unknown reasons.
4.What should we do if we want to avoid a sixth extinction ( )
A.We could do nothing to stop it.
B.We may plant as many trees as possible.
C.We should change the way we live.
D.Wild animals should be kept in zoos.
√
√
1.Extinctions， where entire species are wiped out， are not unusual in our Earth's history.（Para.1）
［分析］ 本句为主从复合句。“Extinctions are not unusual in our Earth's history”是______；“where entire species are wiped out”是where引导的______从句，where在句中作______。
［翻译］ ___________________________________________________
________
主句
定语
状语
物种灭绝，即某个物种的完全消失，在地球的历史上并不罕见。
2.Although it is not unusual for species to die out naturally， the rate at which this is now happening is cause for concern.（Para.2）
［分析］ 本句为主从复合句。 “the rate is cause for concern”是______；“Although it is not unusual for species to die out naturally”是although引导的__________从句；“at which this is now happening”是“介词+关系代词”引导的______从句。
［翻译］ ___________________________________________________
______
主句
让步状语
定语
虽然物种的自然消亡并不罕见，但现在的灭绝速度令人担忧。
3.In short, if we want to survive, we need to stop destroying the planet that we live on and start to protect it.（Para.4）
［分析］ 本句为主从复合句。“we need to stop destroying the planet and start to protect it”是______；“if we want to survive”是if引导的__________从句；“that we live on”是that引导的______从句。
［翻译］ ___________________________________________________
______________________
主句
条件状语
定语
总之，我们如果想要生存下去，就需要停止破坏我们生活的地球并开始保护它。
In the last 500 million years, there have been five times 1.______ life on Earth has almost ended. Many 2._________（scientist） say we are now entering the Earth's sixth mass extinction. There is 3. ___ long list of reasons why so many species 4.__________（die） out. This time, human activity will be 5._________（blame） because human activity is causing species to die out 1,000 times 6.______（fast） than normal and has
when
scientists
a
are dying
to blame
faster
7.__________（negative） affected all other species on Earth, including animals and plants. If a sixth mass extinction 8._______（occur）, we would also be 9.___ risk of dying out as our world and our lives depend on the balance in nature between animals and plants. In order to stop the sixth extinction, we need to take steps to stop 10.__________（destroy） the planet that we live on and start to protect it.
negatively
occurs
at
destroying
1.What do you think is the true cause of the extinctions
______________
2.As a student, what can you do to avoid the sixth extinction
______________
Open answers.
Open answers.
PART
02
自查语基 知能落实
Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
A.物种，种
B.小行星
C.犀牛
D.采矿业
E.太阳光（能）的
F.（使）孵化
G.（牛、羊等头上的）角
H.擦；拭
1.mining n.
答案：D
2.rhino n.
答案：C
3.horn n.
答案：G
4.species n.
答案：A
5.wipe vt.
答案：H
6.asteroid n.
答案：B
7.solar adj.
答案：E
8.hatch vi.& vt.
答案：F
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1.ways we ________ nature
我们破坏自然的方式
2.the use of oil and coal, _______ waste
石油和煤炭、塑料废弃物的使用
3.reuse previously used ______
重复使用以前使用过的物品
destroy
plastic
items
4._______ to different forms of power
转换到不同的电力形式
5.the _________ of the oxygen content of the sea
海洋含氧量的减少
6.human activity will be to _______
人类活动将是罪魁祸首
7.______ all other species on Earth
对地球上所有其他物种都产生了影响
switch
decrease
blame
affect
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1.____________ n.保护，节约→conserve v.保护；保存→conservative adj.保守的；守旧的
2.________ vi.& vt.再利用，回收利用→recyclable adj.可回收利用的；可再循环的→（反义词）unrecyclable adj.不可回收的
3.___________ adj.有教育意义的；知识性强的→inform v.通知；通告→information n.信息
conservation
recycle
informative
4.______ n.威胁；（灾难等坏事）发生的可能→threaten v.威胁；恐吓→threatening adj.威胁（性）的，恐吓（性）的
5.________ adv.非法地，违法地→illegal adj.非法的→（反义词）legal adj.合法的→legally adv.合法地
6._____ vi.& vt.猎取，猎杀→hunting n.打猎→hunter n.猎人
7._______ adj.灭绝的，绝种的→extinction n.灭绝
8.__________ adv.非常地，极端地→incredible adj.难以置信的
9._______ adj.紧急的，急迫的→urge v.催促；力劝 n.强烈的欲望，冲动→urgently adv.紧急地→urgency n.紧急情况
threat
illegally
hunt
extinct
incredibly
urgent
10.________ adj.异常的；不平常的→（反义词）usual adj.平常的
11.______ adj.大量的→massive adj.大量的，巨大的
12._______ adj.各种各样的，形形色色的→vary v.变化→various adj.各种各样的→variety n.种类
13.___________ adj.濒危的→endanger v.使遭危害；危及；危害→danger n.危险→dangerous adj.危险的
14._______ vt.（使）恢复→restoration n.恢复；复原
unusual
mass
varied
endangered
restore
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据课文语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1.We all ____________（起某种作用）to play in protecting the environment.
2.If we all ____________（尽我们的职责）, we can live a healthier life on Earth.
3.How many times up to today has life on Earth almost _________（灭绝）
have a role
do our part
died out
4.Extinctions， where entire species are __________（彻底毁灭）， are not unusual in our Earth's history.
5.This time, human activity will ____________（该受责备）.
wiped out
be to blame
6.A 2015 study by scientists who were based at Brown University and Duke University in the US， looked at how quickly species die out _______（由于） natural causes， that is， the “background extinction rate”.
due to
7.Of course， as we humans depend on so many species for our survival， we would also __________（受到威胁） of dying out.
be at risk
8.For example，we need to __________（采取措施） to save endangered species， including __________（建立） special areas where plants and animals can be protected.
take steps
setting up
9.________（总之）， if we want to survive， we need to stop destroying the planet that we live on and start to protect it.
In short
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1.which引导非限制性定语从句
These include the third mass extinction, known as the “Great Dying”， _____________________________________（那期间90%至96%的物种都灭绝了）.（Para.1）
which killed 90% to 96% of all species
2.“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句
Although it is not unusual for species to die out naturally, _____________________________________（现在的灭绝速度） is cause for concern.（Para.2）
the rate at which this is now happening
3.倍数表达法
They found that human activity is causing species to die out ____________________________（速度比正常情况快1 000倍）.
（Para.2）
1,000 times faster than normal
4.it作形式主语
______________（显然） human activity has negatively affected all other species on Earth， including animals and plants.（Para.2）
It is clear that
PART
03
创意课堂 点面突破
1 threat n.威胁；（灾难等坏事）发生的可能
【经典例句】
①（教材P）After the lecture, I can see that the use of oil and coal is one of the biggest threats to our planet.
听完讲座后，我明白了石油和煤炭的使用是对我们的星球最大的威胁之一。
②（外研选必一U6）But this unique and delicate place is now under threat from pollution and climate change.
但是现在这个独特又脆弱的地方正在遭受污染和气候变化带来的威胁。
（1）a threat to... 对……的威胁
under threat 受到威胁
（2）threaten v. 威胁，危及；恐吓
threaten sb. with... 用……威胁某人
threaten to do sth. 威胁去做某事
（3）threatening adj. 恐吓（性）的，威胁（性）的；带有危险的
threatened adj. 受到威胁的；感到危险的
be threatened with... 受到……的威胁
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1）The decline of Arctic sea ice is the greatest threat ___ the polar bears.
（2）Large areas of the jungle are now threatened _____ destruction.
（3）Since their habitats ______________（threaten）, more and more people are concerned about the protection of wildlife.
（4）His boss threatened _______（fire） him if he didn't complete the task on time.
to
with
are threatened
to fire
（5）（人教必修二U2）只有学会与大自然和谐相处，我们才不会成为野生生物和我们星球的威胁。
Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature _____________
_________________________________________.［应用文写作之倡议书］
can we stop
being a threat to wildlife and to our planet
2 switch vi.& vt.转换，改变 n.开关；改变
【经典例句】
①（人教选必一U2）Or, have you ever forgotten to switch off the TV or computer
或者，你曾经忘记过关电视或电脑吗？
②Remember to switch on the heater if it gets cold in the evening.
如果晚上变冷的话，记得打开加热器。
（1）switch on/off 开/关（电灯、机器等）
switch from...to... 从……转变为……
（2）make a switch in... 在……方面做出改变
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1）However， if I had to give up one of them， I would turn off the TV rather than switch ____ my cell phone or cut off the Internet.
off
（2）大学毕业后，她决定从金融行业转向教育行业。
After graduating from college, she decided to ____________________
_____________________________.
switch from a career
in finance to one in education
（3）认识到使用塑料的负面影响后，许多消费者改变了购物习惯。
Recognizing the negative impact of plastic use, many consumers ________________________________________.
have made a switch in their shopping habits
3 have a role 起某种作用
【经典例句】（教材P）We all have a role to play in protecting the environment.
我们都有责任保护环境。
play a part/role in... 在……中扮演一个角色；在……中起作用
play the part/role of... 扮演……的角色；起……作用
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1）Each member of the team plays a vital role ___ ensuring the project's success.
（2）In the film， he will play the role ___ a policeman.
in
of
（3）（2023·浙江卷1月满分作文）我也更加欣赏植物在维持生态系统平衡方面所发挥的作用。
I also gained a greater appreciation for _________________________ maintaining the balance of the ecosystem.
the role that plants play in
4 urgent adj.紧急的，急迫的
【经典例句】It is urgent that we address this issue before it impacts more people.
我们迫切需要在这个问题影响到更多人之前解决它。
（1）urge n. 强烈的欲望；冲动
vt. 催促；力劝；大力推荐；极力主张
have an urge to do sth. 渴望做某事
urge sb. to do sth. 催促某人做某事
urge that...（should） do sth. 极力主张……做某事
（2）urgency n. 紧急；催促
（3）urgently adv. 迫切地；紧急地
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
（1）After she saw the film, there was an urge _______（cry） because she was touched by their brave deed.
（2）I am also looking ________（urge） at how we can strengthen the law.
to cry
urgently
（3）（2022·浙江卷1月读后续写）他将在医院住三个月，这促使我立即去看望他。
→His going to stay in hospital for three months _________________
___________________.
→His going to stay in hospital for three months _________________
________________________________.
urged me to visit
him immediately
urged that I
（should） visit him immediately
5 die out 消失；绝迹，灭绝；熄灭
【经典例句】（教材P）How many times up to today has life on Earth almost died out
到今天为止，有多少次地球上的生命几乎灭绝？
（1）die away （声音、光线等）
逐渐消失
die from... 因……而死
die down 减弱；平息
（2）be dying for 很想要；渴望
be dying to do sth. 极想做某事
【单句语法填空/词汇/句式升级】
（1）In big cities during cold winter months, many old people die ______ the polluted air.
（2）Some rare birds in the area are in danger of dying ____ because of human activities.［应用文写作之新闻报道］
from
out
（3）As the living environment becomes worse and worse， many species are gradually disappearing.
→__________________________________________________, many species are gradually __________.（with复合结构）
With the living environment becoming worse and worse
dying out
6 wipe out 彻底毁灭，全部摧毁
【经典例句】（教材P）Extinctions, where entire species are wiped out, are not unusual in our Earth's history.
物种灭绝，即某个物种的完全消失，在地球的历史上并不罕见。
wipe...away from... 把……从……擦掉
wipe...away/off 擦掉……；抹掉……
wipe...with... 用……擦……
wipe up... 把……擦干净
【单句语法填空/补全句子】
（1）He wiped his tears _____ a handkerchief.
（2）The tsunami wiped ____ entire villages, leaving nothing but ruins and despair.
（3）The glasses were not __________（把……擦干净） before they were put away.
（4）He spilled the milk on the floor but _________________（把它擦掉） at once.
with
out
wiped up
wiped it away/off
7 mass adj.大量的；大规模的 n．团，块，堆；大量；群众；质量
【经典例句】（教材P）These include the third mass extinction, known as the “Great Dying”， which killed 90% to 96% of all species.
这其中包括被称为“大灭绝”的第三次大规模灭绝，那期间90%至96%的物种都灭绝了。
（1）a mass of/masses of 许多，大量
the masses 群众；平民百姓
（2）massive adj. 巨大的；大量的；非常严重的
【单句语法填空/补全句子/词汇升级】
（1）（2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide ________（mass） benefits to the things you value.
massive
（2）With forests destroyed, ____________________（大量肥沃的土壤） is being washed away each year.
（3）Lots of people attended the meeting that day.
→__________ people attended the meeting that day.
a mass of fertile soil
Masses of
8 varied adj.各种各样的，形形色色的
【经典例句】
①（人教选必一U4）Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture.
就像口语一样，肢体语言也因文化而异。
②Smartphones vary in features and price, catering to consumers with different needs and budgets.
智能手机在功能和价格上各有不同，满足了不同需求和预算的消费者。
（1）vary vi. （根据情况）变化；改变
vary from...to... 在……到……之间变化；从……到……不等
vary in sth. 在某方面不同
vary with... 随……而变化
（2）variety n. 多样化；变化；种类
a variety of/varieties of... 各种各样的……
（3）various adj. 各种各样的
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
（1）Plants' growth can vary _____ the amount of sunlight they receive each day.
（2）A _______（vary） of activities offered at the camp promotes physical and mental well-being.
with
variety
varying from climbing the Great Wall to visiting the
Summer Palace
（3）如果你来北京旅游，我将安排各种各样的活动，从爬长城到参观颐和园不等。
→If you travel to Beijing, I will arrange _______________________
_________ activities，________________________________________
___________________________．（定语从句）
→If you travel to Beijing, I will arrange _______________________
activities，___________________________________________________
______________．（v.-ing形式作定语）［应用文写作之邀请信］
a variety of/varieties of/various
which vary from climbing the Great Wall to
visiting the Summer Palace
a variety of/varieties of/various
9 decrease n.减少；减少的量 vi.& vt.减少，降低
【经典例句】（教材P）According to scientists, they include volcanic eruptions， asteroids hitting the Earth from space，changes in sea levels, the decrease of the oxygen content of the sea and global warming.
根据科学家们的说法，它们包括火山喷发、小行星从太空撞击地球、海平面（高度）变化、海洋中含氧量的减少以及全球变暖。
（1）a decrease in sth. 某方面的减少/下降
on the decrease 正在下降；正在减少
on the increase 正在增加
（2）decrease （from...） to... （从……）减少到……
decrease by... 减少了……
increase by... 增加了……
decrease in... 在……方面下降
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
（1）A similar situation occurred to social science and business which saw a decrease ____ 70% and an increase ____ 85% respectively.
by
by
（2）The crime rate has decreased ___ the lowest level.
to
（3）由于人类活动，一些稀有动物的数目正在减少。
→Because of human activities, the number of some rare animals _________________.
→Because of human activities, the number of some rare animals _____________.［应用文写作之倡议书］
is on the decrease
is decreasing
decrease的近义词为lessen、decline；反义词为increase、rise。
10 blame vt.责怪，指责 n．过失；责备
【经典例句】
①（教材P）This time, human activity will be to blame. 这次，人类活动该受到责备。
②（外研选必一U5）The extinction of the Pinta Island tortoise is blamed on humans.
平塔岛象龟的灭绝归咎于人类。
（1）blame sb./sth.for... 因……而责备某人/事
blame sth.on sb. 把某事归咎于某人
be to blame （for...） （对……）负责；（因……）应受指责
（2）take/bear/accept the blame for... 为……承担责任
lay/put the blame （for sth.） on... （因某事）把责任归咎于……
【单句语法填空/语段写作】
（1）（2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）These days you can see traffic jams around schools at drop-off and pick-up times. But it's hard _________（blame） the parents.
to blame
（2）The accident was caused by careless driving, and the driver is _________（blame） for not paying attention to the road.
to blame
（3）当和他人相处时，我们不应该总把错误归咎于他人。我们应该多交流、换位思考，而不是指责他人。
When getting along with others，we shouldn't always _____________
_______________________________________________________________________. So ________________________， we should
communicate more and put ourselves in others' shoes.［应用文写作之人际交往］
blame others
for mistakes/blame mistakes on others/put/lay the blame for mistakes on others
instead of blaming others
“be to blame for sth.”意为“应为某事负责或受指责”，其中动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。
11affect vt.影响；感动；（疾病）侵袭
【经典例句】（教材P）It is clear that human activity has negatively affected all other species on Earth, including animals and plants.
显然，人类活动对地球上所有其他物种，包括动物和植物，都产生了负面影响。
（1）be greatly/deeply affected by... 被……大大影响/深深打动
be affected with... 染上……疾病
（2）affection n. 喜爱；钟爱
show/have/feel/develop an affection for... 喜欢……
（3）effect n. 作用；影响
have an effect/influence/impact on... 对……有影响
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1）（2022·浙江卷1月）I felt so helpless and insecure because the quality of my life ____________（affect）.
（2）With the government's aid, those ________（affect） by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.
was affected
affected
（3）总的来说，英文报《青年》对我有巨大的影响。
In summary， the English newspaper Youth _____________________
__________________.［应用文写作之投稿］
affects me greatly/has a great effect on me
12 be at risk 处境危险，受到威胁
【经典例句】（教材P）Of course, as we humans depend on so many species for our survival, we would also be at risk of dying out.
当然，因为我们人类要依赖那么多物种才能生存，所以我们也将处于灭绝的危险中。
（1）put...at risk 使……处于危险之中；使……遭受威胁
take risks/a risk 冒险
at the risk of doing... 冒着做……的风险
run the risk of... 冒着……的风险
at any risk 冒任何风险；不管怎样
（2）risk doing sth. 冒险做某事
risk one's life to do sth. 冒着生命危险做某事
（3）risky adj. 有危险的，有风险的
【单句语法填空/同义替换】
（1）They would go to rescue the travellers ___ any risk.
（2）Though it is fun to play on the frozen river, it is ______（risk）， so we mustn't do it.［应用文写作之倡议书］
（3）He got well prepared for the job interview, for he couldn't risk _______（lose） the good opportunity.
at
risky
losing
（4）In spite of his own safety, the soldier jumped into the river and risked his life to save the girl.
→In spite of his own safety, the soldier jumped into the river and saved the girl __________________________.
at the risk of losing his life
13 endangered adj.濒危的
【经典例句】（教材P）For example, we need to take steps to save endangered species, including setting up special areas where plants and animals can be protected.
例如，我们需要采取措施拯救濒危的物种，包括建立动植物能得到保护的特殊区域。
（1）endanger v. 使遭危险；危及；危害
（2）danger n. 危险，风险
in danger of 处于……危险之中
（3）dangerous adj. 危险的
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1）Smoking heavily __________（danger） not only your own health but also the health of those around you.
（2）The boy is at risk because a __________（danger） tiger is running after him.
endangers
dangerous
（3）要是他继续这样下去，他就有被公司开除的危险。
If he carries on like this, he's __________________________ by the company.
in danger of being removed
14 “介词+关系代词”引导定语从句
【经典例句】（教材P）Although it is not unusual for species to die out naturally, the rate at which this is now happening is cause for concern.
虽然物种的自然消亡并不罕见，但现在的灭绝速度令人担忧。
主句中的“at which...happening”是“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，which指代前面的名词the rate。
（1）在“介词+关系代词”结构引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which（指物）或whom（指人）；
（2）在限制性定语从句中，当介词置于定语从句的谓语动词之后时，可用that/which（指物）、that/who/whom（指人）作介词的宾语，且此处关系代词可以省略，特别是在口语中；
（3）某些在从句中充当时间、地点或原因状语的“介词+关系代词”结构可以同关系副词when、where和why互换。
【完成句子】
（1）离开它我们就不能活的这种无色气体称为氧气。
The colourless gas ___________________________ is called oxygen.
（2）他们来到一处农舍，农舍前面坐着一个小男孩。
They arrived at a farm house, _______________________________.
without which we cannot live
in front of which sat a little boy
（3）他在当地的一个文法学校接受教育，之后他继续就读于剑桥大学。
He was educated at a local grammar school, ____________________
to Cambridge.
after which he went on
（4）你喜欢她从中学到很多东西的那本书吗？
Do you like the book ____________________________ a lot
where/from which she learned
15 倍数表达法
【经典例句】
①（教材P）They found that human activity is causing species to die out 1,000 times faster than normal.
他们发现人类活动导致物种灭绝的速度比正常情况快1 000倍。
②（外研必修二U6）However, making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water.
然而，制造一个纸袋消耗的能量是制造一个塑料袋的四倍，水的消耗量高达三倍。
几种表达“倍数”的句型:
（1）A+谓语+倍数+as+adj./adv.的原级+as+B;
（2）A+谓语+倍数+adj./adv.的比较级+than+B;
（3）A+谓语+倍数+the+名词（size/length/width/height/depth/...）+of+B;
（4）A+谓语+倍数+what从句,意为“A是……的多少倍”；
（5）名词（size/length/width/height/depth/...）+of+A+谓语+倍数+that+of+B;
（6）A+谓语+倍数+as+______________________________________+as+B
续表
【单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译】
（1）（译林必修三U1）With an area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is more than half ____ size of China.
the
（2）My school has expanded into a big one, which is three times ______（large） than the previous one.
（3）现在的产量是五年前的三倍。
The production now is ______________________ five years ago.
larger
three times what it was
（4）正在建的新体育馆将是操场的三倍大。
→The new stadium being built will be _________________ the playground.（than）
→The new stadium being built will be ____________________ the playground.（as）
→The new stadium being built will be _____________________ the playground.（size）
twice bigger than
three times as big as
three times the size of
PART
04
课堂微练 即时检验
Ⅰ.品句填词
1.The sharp noise from the construction site badly _______（影响） my health.
2.The climate this year is quite ________（异常） from average years.
3.Now p______ containers are strictly banned in that country.
4.A lot of things, such as iron, glass and paper, can be r________.
affects
unusual
lastic
ecycled
5.Wildlife is not allowed to be _______（猎杀） in this mountain area.
6.The report also emphasizes the _______（迫切的） need for improved statistics and indicators on engineering.
hunted
urgent
7.The number of students in some rural schools has __________（减少） sharply in recent years.
8.It will take many years before the ecology in this area ________（恢复）.
9.The younger boy b_______ by his teacher for being late for class felt ashamed and promised to be on time next time.
decreased
restores
lamed
10.The old bridge was totally __________（毁掉） in the heavy rain last week.
11.There is a ______（威胁） that the weather will drop sharply in the coming few days.
12.Please s______ to CCTV-1．I'd like to watch news programme.
destroyed
threat
witch
Ⅱ.词块运用
1.With the detox now finished, they've ________________________（打开了他们的设备） and they're back online.
2.This species __________________（几乎已经灭绝） because its habitat is being destroyed.
3.The drivers were more likely to break the speed limit and _______
_____________________（有被罚款的风险）.
switched on their devices
has nearly died out
be at
risk of getting fined
4.Reports from Nepal suggest pilot error may ____________________
（因坠机应受责备） which also killed seven Nepalis and five Japanese.
be to blame for the crash
5.________（总之）, I will do my best to help make the sports meeting a success.
In short
6.In the course of the Art and Culture Show, there are various performances ____________________________________（从唱歌到朗诵诗歌）.
varying from singing to reciting poems
7.As a member of the international society, we __________________
（发挥作用）.
have a role to play
8.Only in this way can we _________________________（彻底毁灭敌军部队）.
9.Some arctic species will probably die out _____________________（由于全球变暖）.
10.Friendship means having someone I can ___________（依赖）.
wipe out the enemy troops
due to global warming
depend on
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示并使用本部分句式结构完成下面的小短文
Protecting habitats is important for keeping biodiversity. In 2003， over 102，000 habitats, 1._____________________________________
___________（这占地近1 900万平方公里；which引导非限制性定语从句）, or 11.5% of the world's land surface, were under some form of protection. 2.______________________________________________
（尽管自1962年以来已经有了很大的进步；although引导让步状语从句），
which cover nearly 19 million square
kilometres
Although this has been a great improvement since 1962
when just 1，000 protected habitats were listed，3._______________
___________________（这仍被认为不够；it作形式主语） to stop the serious damage to habitats that is endangering the world's biodiversity. For a number of environmentalists， protecting the world's 25 biodiversity hot spots is critical to saving habitats and species. But many hot spots are endangered already, having lost up to three-quarters of their original plants.
it is still not
considered enough(共35张PPT)
UNIT 3 CONSERVATION
Period 4 WRITING
主题引领 情境写作
1
写作一 应用文写作（正反观点类议论文）
2
写作二 场景微续写（山谷探秘）
PART
01
写作一 应用文写作（正反观点类议论文）
近来，一些诸如“内卷”“破防”“yyds”等网络用语在青少年中极为流行,并出现在家庭作业、报告, 甚至全国入学考试的作文中。请你以“Should Internet Slang Be Prohibited ”为题发表自己的观点，并结合提示用英语写一篇80词左右的短文。
支持者观点 反对者观点 你的观点
1.网络语言生动、时尚; 2.网络语言充满幽默与智慧; 3.网络语言使网上聊天更快捷 1.网络语言缺乏思想性,太简单; 2.没有被大部分人理解和接受; 3.过多使用会使人不解,甚至误解 ……
&1& 审题谋篇
&2& 遣词造句
字斟句酌添细节，写作框架雏形现
［第一段］ 引出话题
1.关于网络语言，人们的看法不同。
__________________________ on Internet Slang.
There are different opinions
［第二段］ 分别介绍正方、反方观点及理由
2.此外，它能使网上聊天更快捷。
Besides, it ___________________________________.
3.网络语言有时会使人困惑。
Internet Slang sometimes might _____________________.
4.它甚至会导致误解。
It may even ________________________.
makes chatting on the Internet quicker
make people confused
result in misunderstanding
［第三段］ 表明自己的观点
5.如果不懂网络语言，我们好像就落后于时代了。
Not knowing the Internet Slang, _______________________________.
we seem to fall behind the times
6.只要在适当的情况下正确使用这些术语就可以了。
It will be OK _____________________________________ in proper situations.
as long as these terms are used correctly
巧用单元句式，靓化表达促提升
7.［读教材原句］ （教材P）A massive earthquake hit central Italy in August 2016, killing at least 247 people.
［记句式］ 动词-ing形式作状语
［学仿写］ 用动词-ing形式作状语合并句3和句4
________________________________________________________________________________
Internet Slang sometimes might make people confused, even resulting in misunderstanding.
8.［读教材原句］ （教材P）If a sixth mass extinction occurs, scientists who have studied the issue believe that up to three quarters of all species on Earth could die out.
［记句式］ if引导条件状语从句
［学仿写］ 用含有if引导条件状语从句的复合句改写句5
___________________________________________________________________
If we don't know the Internet Slang, we seem to fall behind the times.
&3& 衔接成篇
Should Internet Slang Be Prohibited
____________
One possible version:
Should Internet Slang Be Prohibited
Recently, Internet Slang, such as neijuan, pofang and yyds, has become popular among the teenagers. There are different opinions on Internet Slang.
Some students think Internet Slang is vivid, fashionable and full of humour and intelligence. Besides, it makes chatting on the Internet quicker. However, other students think Internet Slang lacks depth of thought and is too simple. Also, it is hard to understand and not accepted by most people. Internet Slang sometimes might make people confused, even resulting in misunderstanding.
Every coin has two sides. In my opinion, living in the Information Age, if we don't know the Internet Slang, we seem to fall behind the times. It will be OK as long as these terms are used correctly in proper situations.
假定你是李华，最近你班就“人类是否应该开展克隆研究”的话题进行了讨论。请根据讨论结果，写一封80词左右的信给某英文报社的编辑来说明此事。
_____________
赞成的理由 反对的理由 你的看法
1.挽救濒危动物； 2.再造人体器官，用于移植 1.引起基因变异； 2.带来不良的生理和心理影响； 3.克隆人导致伦理道德混乱 ……
One possible version:
Dear Editor，
Recently our class has had a discussion about whether the clone research should be carried out.
Some of the students are in favour of the clone research. They say cloning is helpful in researching into the cures for many diseases as well as useful for saving the endangered animals. Cloning human cells in a lab could offer perfect organs for patients
to transplant. However, others are against it. Although cloning might improve the quality of life, it might bring about some genetic changes, and might have some bad physical and psychological effects. It also might raise ethical problems.
Personally, cloning should be dealt with carefully and monitored closely by the government, because we do not understand enough what effects cloning will have on the world in the future.
Yours，
Li Hua
第一段 引入话题 1.There is a widespread concern over the issue that robots will cause great threat to us.
对机器人将会对我们造成很大的威胁这个问题，人们有一种普遍的担忧。
第一段 引入话题 2.The students had a heated discussion about the advantages and disadvantages of social media.
学生们就社交媒体的利弊展开了激烈的讨论。
3.It is universally acknowledged that social media is becoming more and more popular.
人们普遍认为，社交媒体越来越受欢迎。
续表
第二段 观点陈述 1.Those who are satisfied with online shopping account for 70% of the students surveyed.
那些对网购满意的人占被调查学生的70%。
2.Students' views on the issue vary from person to person.
对于这个问题，学生们的观点各不相同。
3.With the development of the Internet， online shopping is becoming more and more popular.
随着网络的发展，网购越来越流行。
续表
第二段 观点陈述 4.Generally speaking, its advantages can be seen as follows.
一般来说，它的优点如下。
5.As we all know, science and technology has changed our lives in many aspects.
众所周知，科学技术在很多方面改变了我们的生活。
6.People use electronic products every day, so people's bodies have a series of problems.
人们每天使用电子产品，因此人们的身体出现了一系列问题。
续表
第三段 个人观点 1.As far as I am concerned/In my viewpoint， I am in favor of the first view.
就我而言，我支持第一种观点。
2.The technology is a double-edged sword， bringing us advantages and disadvantages.
这项技术是一把双刃剑，给我们带来了好处的同时也带来了坏处。
续表
第三段 个人观点 3.Personally, I will always look on the positive side of the advances of new technology.
就个人而言，我总是会看到新技术进步的积极的一面。
续表
PART
02
写作二 场景微续写（山谷探秘）
词汇积累 ［人物描写］ cloth， sneeze， cream， lung， cycle， adorable， appetite
［环境描写］ edge， valley， vast， glacier， territory， boundary， visible， stretch， bush， corridor， fountain， theme park， enormous， superb， polar， splendid
［动作描写］ buffet， accompany，adopt，set out， bless， live off， prohibit， pedal，appeal to，wander，amuse， swing， display
佳句积累 ［动作描写］ 1.I wake up to the sound of the wind buffeting the cloth of my tent.
2.Here I am， alone under this broad sky，breathing the fresh air，and enjoying this great adventure.
续表
佳句积累 ［环境描写］1.Spreading out before me，branches of the Rapa River flow through the valley below.
2.At the far side of the valley，an ancient Sami cottage is visible. Close by， there are a few reindeer feeding on grass.
［排比］ They used the reindeer's meat for food，their bones for tools， and their skin for making clothes and tents.
续表
［场景呈现］当汤姆漫步穿过茂密的森林时，偶然发现了一个隐蔽的山谷。一进入山谷，壮丽的景色立刻吸引了他。山谷在他眼前延伸，展现出一片郁郁葱葱的绿色植物和可爱的野花，景色令人惊叹。轻柔的微风和附近溪流的声音让他感到愉悦，使他忘记了所有的烦恼。汤姆被山谷的美景深深吸引，决定多停留一会儿，沉浸在宁静的氛围中，惊叹于大自然的奇迹。
As Tom 1._______________________________, he came across a hidden valley. The moment he entered the valley, the splendid scenery 2._______________________. The valley 3._______________
__________________, 4._______________________________________
___________________________________（动词-ing形式作状语）. The gentle breeze and the sound of a nearby stream amused him, making him forget all his worries. Tom
wandered through the dense forest
appealed to him instantly
stretched out
before his eyes
displaying a breathtaking landscape of lush
greenery and adorable wildflowers
5.______________________________________________________________________ （so...that...）, bathed in the peaceful atmosphere and surprised at nature's wonders.
was so attracted by the beauty of the valley that he decided to stay a while
短语必记 1.natural beauty 自然之美
2.breathtaking view令人惊叹的景色
3.lush greenery郁郁葱葱的绿色植物
4.golden beaches金色的沙滩
5.a gentle sea breeze徐徐的海风
6.be struck by the scenery 被景色所震撼
7.dense forests茂密的森林
8.be covered with a layer of green
覆盖一层绿色
9.be dotted with shining stars繁星点点
必背金句 1.The sun rose above the horizon, casting a warm glow over the serene landscape.
太阳从地平线上升起，给宁静的景色投下了温暖的光辉。
2.The waters of the lake reflected the surrounding mountains like a mirror.
湖水像镜子一样反射着周围的山脉。
续表
必背金句 3.The misty mornings enveloped the quiet village, giving it an air of mystery.
雾蒙蒙的早晨笼罩着宁静的村庄，赋予了它神秘的氛围。
4.The beach was empty，except some small footprints in the sand and a few shells on the shore.
海滩上空无一人，只有沙滩上的一些小脚印和岸边的几枚小贝壳。
续表
必背金句 5.With spring approaching， the earth gets covered with a layer of green.
随着春天的临近，大地被覆盖了一层绿色。
续表(共26张PPT)
UNIT 3 CONSERVATION
Period 2 GRAMMAR
限制性和非限制性定语从句
1
要义详析 探究语法
2
课堂微练 即时检验
PART
01
要义详析 探究语法
根据定语从句与先行词之间关系的紧密程度，我们将定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。
一、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
（1）（教材P）Extinctions, where entire species are wiped out, are not unusual in our Earth's history.
物种灭绝，即某个物种的完全消失，在地球的历史上并不罕见。
（2）（教材P）In the last 500 million years, there have been five times when life on Earth has almost ended.
在过去的五亿年中，地球上出现过五次生物几乎全部灭绝的情况。
（3）This is the house which we bought last month.
这就是我们上个月买的房子。
（4）The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.
这个房子非常好，是我们上个月买的。
1.外在表现形式不同
限制性定语从句因与先行词关系密切，所以不可以用逗号将其与主句隔开；而非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不十分密切，所以可用逗号将其与主句隔开。
2.在句中作用不同
（1）限制性定语从句对被修饰的先行词有限定制约作用，使该词的含义更具体、更明确。限制性定语从句不能被省略，否则句意就不完整。
（2）非限制性定语从句与先行词的关系不十分密切，只是对其作一些附加说明，不起限定制约作用。如果将非限制性定语从句省去，主句的意义仍然完整。
3.关系词不同
限制性定语从句可以由who、 whom、 that、 which、 whose、 where、 when、 why及“介词+which/whom”等来引导；非限制性定语从句通常由who、 whom、 which、 whose、 when、 where及“介词+which/whom”等来引导。
4.关系代词指代不同
限制性定语从句的关系代词一般指代一个名词或代词；非限制性定语从句的关系代词既可指代一个名词或代词，也可以指代整个主句。
二、关系词使用的几种不同情况
（1）（教材P）In short, if we want to survive, we need to stop destroying the planet that we live on and start to protect it.
总之，我们如果想要生存下去，就需要停止破坏我们生活的地球并开始保护它。
（2）This is the girl who/whom I met in the street.
这是我在街上遇到的女孩。
（3）The young man has a new friend, whom he wants to impress.
这个年轻人有了一个新朋友，他想给这个朋友留下印象。
（4）This is the book （which/that） he lost yesterday.
这是他昨天丢失的书。
（5）The book, which he lost yesterday, has been found.
他昨天丢的那本书找到了。
1.that不可用于引导非限制性定语从句
所有关系代词和关系副词均可引导限制性定语从句，大多数关系代词和关系副词可引导非限制性定语从句，但 that不可以。
2.关系代词代替情况不同
（1）关系代词whom在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用who代替，但whom在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用who来代替。
（2）在限制性定语从句中，先行词指人时可用that代替 who/whom，但在非限制性定语从句中先行词指人时，不可用that代替who/whom。
3.关系代词省略情况不同
关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可以省略，非限制性定语从句的所有关系词均不可省略。
三、as引导定语从句时的用法
（1）I want the same shirt as my friend's.
我想要一件和我朋友一样的衬衫。
（2）Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China.
我们车间使用的机器都是中国制造的。
（3）As I expected, he got the first place again in this midterm examination.
正如我所料，他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名。
（4）He made a long speech, as we expected.
正如我们所料，他发表了长篇演讲。
（5）He made a long speech, which was unexpected.
他发表了长篇演讲，这是出乎意料的。
1.as引导限制性定语从句通常用于“the same...as”和“such...as”结构中。
2.as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前、主句之中，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子。通常用于as we know/as is known to all/as we all can see、 as is often the case、 as might be imagined、 as might be expected、 as has been pointed out、 as has been said before/above、 as is said、 as is reported、 as is announced、 as I expect等句型。
3.as引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别：
引导词 区别 which as
位置的区别 主句之后 主句之前、之中或之后
含义的区别 有“这一点，这件事”的含义 有“正如，正像”的含义
PART
02
课堂微练 即时检验
Ⅰ.用适当的关系词填空
1.（2024·浙江卷1月）Of course, shops are not charities—they price goods in the way __________ will make them the most money.
2.（2023·全国乙卷）The color she chose came in a box which had a picture of a woman _______ hair color looked just perfect.
3.The sports meeting will be put off till next month, ______ we will have made all the preparations.
that/which
whose
when
4.（2023·全国乙卷）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place __________ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
that/which
5.In 2023, August 15th marked China's first National Ecology Day, _______ aims were to raise awareness of environmental protection.
6.Then he worked as a technician on the Chengdu-Kunming Railway, _______ he gained valuable experience in railway engineering.
7.All the things _____ he saw in the earthquake came as a shock to me.
whose
where
that
8.The research finds that people _________ keep fit are more likely to be positive about life.
9.Thanks to your generous help, without _______ I wouldn't have made such great progress.
10.Today only some of the older generation of rafters still operate the traditional sheepskin rafts, _____ are struggling to make a living.
who/that
which
who
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1.他们来安慰那些有困难的人。
They came to comfort those __________________.
2.罗斯是你应该照顾的人。
Rose is the person __________________________________.
3.他们在桂林参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。
The first place ________________________ was Elephant Trunk Hill.
who are in trouble
who/whom/that you should look after
that they visited in Guilin
4.（2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）你在这次活动之前有充分的准备，这是你出现在这里的最重要原因。
You have a full preparation before this event, ___________________
__________________________________________.
which is the most
important reason why you show up here
5.200名参赛者兴致勃勃地参加了跑步比赛，其中大部分是学生和老师。
200 participants participated in the running race with high spirits, ______________________________________.
most of whom were students and teachers(共55张PPT)
课后巩固 多维提能
［基础知识巩固练］
维度一 词形转换和动词的形式变换
1.Prior to leaving for France， he has been exposed to ________（vary） traditional French cultures.
various
2.They were charged with bringing goods into the country ________（illegal）.
illegally
3.The ____________（hunt） agreed not to hunt wild bears any more.
hunter（s）
4.Some experts appealed to people to rescue many species from __________（extinct）.
extinction
5.On the other hand, there are always some people who view this gap __________（negative）.
negatively
6._______（urge） measures have been taken to prevent car emission.
Urgent
7.We can't afford to overlook such serious _________（pollute） to the environment.
pollution
8.The number of these ___________（endanger） animals is on the increase these years.
endangered
9.The mother didn't put the blame for breaking the glass on the little boy, saying she herself was _________（blame）.
to blame
10.This is the story of wildlife ____________（conserve） in the age of mass extinction.
conservation
11.Traffic was __________（unusual） light for that time of day.
unusually
12.Being better at those things meant a greater chance of ________（survive）.
survival
维度二 固定用法和搭配
1.That style of music is dying ____ because few young people are willing to learn it.
out
2.For half a year, she tried to wipe ____ the memory of that terrible moment.
out
3.As with all diseases, certain groups will be more ___ risk than others.
at
4.Attention, please！Do make sure all mobile phones are switched ____ during the performance.
off
5.Recent research shows that teenagers who have trouble concentrating should be blamed ____ the use of mobile phones.
on
6.As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time ______ he should be able to be independent.
when
7.The prices of some goods vary _____ the season, which is known to every businessman.
with
8.The class is discussing a newspaper article that urges citizens ________ （help） reduce the noise and air pollution in the city.
to help
9.The chairman asked me to cut ______ the report, because he didn't want to speak for too long at that meeting.
down
10.The risk and severity of sunburn depend ____ the body's natural skin colour.
on
维度三 完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
1.没有你的帮助,我们就不能实现目标。（双重否定）
We _____________________________________.
can't achieve the goal without your help
2.对数据进行核实是很重要的。（it作形式主语）
_______________________ the data be verified.
It is very important that
3.I was affected by the story of him very much and I am determined to be a volunteer worker.
→________________________________，I am determined to be a volunteer worker.（过去分词短语作状语）
Much affected by the story of him
4.Our teachers urge us to study hard with the College Entrance Examination drawing near.
→Our teachers urge ____________________________ with the
College Entrance Examination drawing near.
that we （should） study hard
5.我感觉这头熊是我的三倍重。
（1）I felt the bear is _____________________.
（2）I felt the bear is __________________________.
twice heavier than me
three times as heavy as me
维度四 融合教材·主题探究
【改编自人教必修二U2】
The 1980s and 1990s were bad times for the Tibetan antelope. The population dropped by more than 50 percent. Hunters were shooting antelopes to make profits. Their habitats were becoming smaller as new roads and railways were built.
In order to save this species from extinction, the Chinese government placed it under national protection. Zhaxi and other
volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from attacks. Bridges and gates were added to let the antelopes move easily and keep them safe from cars and trains.
The measures were effective. The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope was removed from the endangered species list. The government, however, does not intend to stop the protection programmes, since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared．
In the evening, I drink a cup of tea and watch the stars. I think about the antelopes and what Zhaxi told me．Much is being done to protect wildlife, but if we really want to save the planet, we must change our way of life. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
1.What made the population of antelopes drop so badly in the 1980s and 1990s ( )
A.The extreme climate.
B.A serious disease.
C.Being hit by cars and trains.
D.Being hunted and the loss of their habitats.
√
2.What was done to protect Tibetan antelopes ( )
A.Moving them to a national zoo.
B.Watching over them and adding some bridges and gates.
C.Establishing a research centre to study them.
D.Limiting the number of tourists to the plain.
√
3.Why will the protection programmes of the antelope continue ( )
A.Its population is still decreasing.
B.They are still endangered animals.
C.The threats to them have still existed.
D.The former measures didn't work well.
√
4.How can we do to save the planet according to the author ( )
A.Develop economy.
B.Improve education.
C.Study the planet.
D.Live in harmony with nature.
√
［综合能力提升练］
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2025·贵州六盘水期中）By the time most of the world discovered the kipunji monkey, it was already seriously endangered.
These rare animals live in Tanzania and are not closely related to any other known monkeys. Thanks to smart protection efforts, their population is accumulating.
Kipunji monkeys live in groups and spend most of their time in trees. Local hunters knew about them, but researchers first identified the species in the early 2000s. A 2007 survey found 1,117 of the animals alive. Experts from organizations such as the Wildlife Conservation Society （WCS） stepped in to try to save the species.
One method of protecting kipunji monkeys was to reduce conflict between the monkeys and humans. Kipunji monkeys often come out of the forest to steal bananas and carrots from farms, leading farmers to set traps that can kill them. So WCS workers put unpleasant things such as chilioil （辣椒油） on the leaves of the crops to keep the monkeys away. Farmers have also started growing crops like potatoes, which the monkeys are less interested in eating.
To discourage people from cutting down trees in the kipunji monkeys' habitats （栖息地）, the WCS has established other sources of wood. The kipunji monkeys' habitats have been turned into protected parks and reserves.
So far, their efforts have been successful. A 2022 study found that the area in which the monkeys live has increased in size by nearly 20%, and their population has risen to 1,966. If the efforts
continue, the population of kipunji monkeys could double in 25 years. “It's not perfect,” former WCS director Tim Davenport said. “But it's in a considerably better place than it used to be.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由于采取了保护措施,濒临灭绝的奇庞吉猴的数量正在增加。
1.What does the underlined word “accumulating” in paragraph 1 mean ( )
A.Unchanging. B.Declining. C.Increasing. D.Disappearing.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“By the time ...seriously endangered.”可知,当奇庞吉猴这一物种被世界上的大多数地区发现时,它已经严重濒危了。又根据画线词所在句可推知，画线词意为“增加”。
√
2.What did the local farmers do to keep the monkeys away ( )
A.Put chili oil on the crops.
B.Grow crops they like less.
C.Turn their habitats into parks.
D.Hunt down and kill them.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Farmers have also started ...less interested in eating.”可知,当地农民种植猴子不喜欢的作物来赶走猴子。
√
3.Why have other sources of wood been established ( )
A.To protect the kipunji monkeys' habitats.
B.To make profit from the wood.
C.To educate the local villagers.
D.To develop the local economy.
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“To discourage people ...
other sources of wood.”可推知,建立其他的木材来源是为了保护奇庞吉猴的栖息地。
√
4.Which statement will Tim Davenport probably agree with ( )
A.Kipunji monkeys' current living conditions are perfect.
B.The number of kipunji monkeys will double in 25 years.
C.The WCS hasn't done enough in protecting the kipunji monkeys.
D.Continuous efforts should be made to protect the kipunji monkeys.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“If the efforts continue...could double in 25 years.”和蒂姆·达文波特说的话可知，他可能会同意应继续努力保护奇庞吉猴。
√
B
As cities balloon with growth,access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you're lucky,there might be a pocket park near where you live,but it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.
Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans,but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being.
The research team focused on a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding （编码） experiences into different categories. For example,one
participant's experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at the beach” and “listening to waves”.
Across the 320 submissions,a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions,half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. These include encountering wildlife, walking along the edge of water, and following an established trail.
Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognise and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.
“We're trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen,we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it,” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了城市化让人们越来越难以接触自然,但一项新研究发现城市中的野生自然对人类健康和幸福感具有重要影响。
5.What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the passage ( )
A.Pocket parks are now popular.
B.Wild nature is hard to find in cities.
C.Many cities are overpopulated.
D.People enjoy living close to nature.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知,在文章开头作者介绍了一种现象,即在城市里人们很难找到野生的自然。
√
6.Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories ( )
A.To compare different types of park-goers.
B.To explain why the park attracts tourists.
C.To analyse the main features of the park.
D.To find patterns in the visitors' summaries.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“They surveyed ...‘listening to waves’.”和第四段中的“Across the 320 submissions...important to visitors.”可推知，研究人员对参与者提交的内容进行编码分类,是为了在游客的总结中找到模式。
√
7.What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 5 ( )
A.Walking is the best way to gain access to nature.
B.Young people are too busy to interact with nature.
C.The same nature experience takes different forms.
D.The nature language enhances work performance.
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“For example, the experience ...
their lunch break.”可推知,从第五段的例子中我们可以知道一样的自然体验可以呈现不同的形式。
√
8.What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn ( )
A.Language study. B.Environmental conservation.
C.Public education. D.Intercultural communication.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段卡恩所说的话可推知,他认为在我们与大自然互动之前,我们应该先要保护自然。
√
Ⅱ.完形填空
Anuar Abdullah is a diving instructor in Malaysia. When he isn't __________ ————., he's back out in the water __________., studying, and restoring coral reefs （珊瑚礁）.
Now, as climate change becomes an __________. threat, governments, corporations, and others are coming to him for __________..
A.teaching
D.observing
C.apparent
A.help
Abdullah has no degree in marine biology or __________. training—just an amount of experience. In just the past decade, thousands have __________. him for advice on how to grow corals, and he now has around 700 volunteers __________. and has already restored hundreds of acres of coral reefs.
B.formal
A.approached
D.in action
In 2017, Thailand's government asked Abdullah to __________. the recovery of one of its most famous tourist attractions, Maya Bay, because it had __________. half its coral population.. __________ were kept out of the site for three years while Abdullah led a team of 120 people in . __________. new corals.
A.initiate
B.lost
A.Visitors
C.planting
In 2021, after Typhoon Rai, the island of Cebu in the Philippines asked Abdullah to save what was __________. of the shoreline's coral reefs. And earlier this year, Abdullah launched a new effort to build the world's largest coral nursery in the Red Sea. There was a _____________. on the nursery at the U.N.climate change summit （峰会）, COP27, but Abdullah did not attend. He __________. conferences, he says. And he had __________. to do.
B.left
B.presentation
D.hates
C.work
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了安努亚·阿卜杜拉帮助修复珊瑚礁的事迹。
1.( ) A.teaching B.diving C.learning D.reporting
解析：根据上文“a diving instructor”可知,当他不教学（teach）的时候,他就会回到水中。
2.( ) A.picking B.judging C.describing D.observing
解析：根据下文“studying, and restoring coral reefs”可知,当他不教学的时候,他就会回到水中观察（observe）、研究和修复珊瑚礁。
√
√
3.( ) A.early B.artificial C.apparent D.uncertain
解析：根据上文“climate change”及常识可知,气候变化成为一个明显的（apparent）威胁。
4.( ) A.help B.money C.power D.honor
解析：根据语境可知,随着气候变化成为一个明显的威胁,政府、公司和其他人都向他寻求帮助（help）。
√
√
5.( ) A.temporary B.formal C.natural D.complex
解析：根据语境可知,阿卜杜拉没有海洋生物学学位,也没有接受过正规（formal）培训。
6.( ) A.approached B.led C.backed D.turned
解析：根据语境可知,成千上万的人和他接洽（approach）,询问如何种植珊瑚。
√
√
7.( ) A.at once B.at first C.in demand D.in action
解析：根据语境可知,现在他有大约700名志愿者在行动（in action）,已经恢复了数百英亩的珊瑚礁。
8.( ) A.initiate B.evaluate C.highlight D.justify
解析：根据下文“the recovery of one of its most famous tourist attractions”可知,泰国政府要求阿卜杜拉开始（initiate）恢复该国最著名的旅游景点之一——玛雅湾。
√
√
9.( ) A.regained B.lost C.increased D.removed
解析：根据上文可知,泰国政府要求阿卜杜拉开始恢复该国最著名的旅游景点之一——玛雅湾,此处是指因为那里的珊瑚数量已经减少（lose）了一半。
10.( ) A.Visitors B.Researchers C.Volunteers D.Officials
解析：根据语境及常识可知,在阿卜杜拉带领120人的团队种植（plant）新珊瑚期间,游客（visitor）应该是被禁止进入该景点三年。
√
√
11.( ) A.guarding B.decorating C.planting D.maintaining
解析：参见上题解析。
12.( ) A.hidden B.left C.preserved D.ruined
解析：根据上文“after Typhoon Rai”可知,台风“雷伊”过后,菲律宾宿务岛要求阿卜杜拉拯救海岸线上仅存（leave）的珊瑚礁。
13.( ) A.contest B.presentation C.course D.topic
解析：根据下文conferences可知，在联合国气候变化峰会COP27上有一个关于这个苗圃的报告会（presentation）,但阿卜杜拉没有参加。
√
√
√
14.( ) A.witnesses B.records C.schedules D.hates
解析：根据上文“Abdullah did not attend”可知,他讨厌（hate）开会。
15.( ) A.interviews B.trips C.work D.trade
解析：根据上文“Abdullah did not attend”和下文“to do”可知,他没有参加报告会,是因为有工作（work）要做。
√
√
Ⅲ.语法填空
（2025·河南部分名校联盟期中）The area of the Yellow River Wetland Park in Yinchuan, once a place local people avoided because of serious pollution, has not only become a popular destination for locals, but also a habitat frequently 1._______（visit） by migratory birds.
visited
The Yinchuan Wetland Park is only part of China's achievements in the 2.__________（protect） of wetlands. In the past few years, many cities 3.__________________（award） “international wetland cities”, showing 4.___ great variety of patterns and styles. For example, Wuhan, known as “a city of a hundred lakes”, has five large wetland reserves, where tens of thousands birds come 5.________（stay） in wintertime.
protection
have been awarded
a
to stay
Liangping District in Chongqing, however, is 6._______（total） different from natural wetlands. It is more closely tied 7.___ human activity. People built small wetlands in rural areas. What's more, they have combined these wetlands with organic farms, homestays and healthcare centers, 8._______ has resulted in an income increase of 52,000 yuan per household.
Panjin in Liaoning Province is another 9.__________ （surprise） wetland city. In the past, the city suffered from environmental
totally
to
which
surprising
problems caused by oil production. But now in the coastal wetlands, seagrass turns a breathtaking red every autumn, 10.________（create） beautiful “red beaches”.
creating
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的几个湿地公园,展现了中国在湿地保护方面的成就。
1._______
visited
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，has become为句子谓语,空处应为非谓语形式,a habitat和visit之间是被动关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。
2.__________
protection
解析：考查名词。根据空前的“the”和空后的“of”可知,此处应用名词形式。
3.__________________
have been awarded
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据“In the past few years”可知,此处应用现在完成时；主语many cities与动词award之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；主语为复数，谓语动词也应用复数形式。
4.___
a
解析：考查冠词。a variety of为固定搭配，意为“多种多样的”。
5.________
to stay
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，where引导定语从句,从句谓语为come,此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。
6._______
totally
解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词修饰形容词different。
7.___
to
解析：考查介词。be closely tied to为固定搭配，意为“与……密切相关”。
8._______
which
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句,修饰前面的整个主句。
9.__________
surprising
解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词作定语,修饰表示物的名词。
10.________
creating
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句谓语为turns,此处应为非谓语动词,表示意料之中的结果,应用现在分词形式作结果状语。

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