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(共31张PPT)
Unit 8 Natural disasters
Lesson 3 Secondary disasters
冀教版 （2024）八年级
下
Learning objectives
0
Lead in
Presentation
2
Practice
Production
4
Summary
Assessment
6
Homework
1
3
5
7
By the end of the lesson, I will be able to...
1
2
3
understand secondary disasters and examples;
use compound/derivative words about disasters;
discuss secondary disaster prevention.
00
Learning objectives
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Q: What is the main disaster in the video
Watch and answer.
Lead in
01
Earthquake.
Q: What other terrible things happened after the earthquake
Tsunami.
Free talk.
Lead in
01
Earthquake.
Tsunami.
First:
Then:
secondary disasters
the main disaster
A What's a secondary disaster
Free talk.
Lead in
01
A What's a secondary disaster
B How do we get the word "secondary" from "second"
Earthquake.
Tsunami.
First:
Then:
secondary disasters
the main disaster
These disasters that happen _______ the main disaster are called
___________________.
after
secondary disasters
+ary
Let’s read a passage and we will learn secondary disasters carefully.
Presentation
02
Skim and answer.
Disasters are terrible. Sometimes, secondary disasters are even more dangerous because they create more damages. Secondary disasters include landslides, fires, floods, and so on. Here is a serious example.
On March 11, 2011, the largest earthquake ever recorded in Japan caused great destruction. Tsunami waves hit the coastal area less than half an hour later. These waves damaged the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. In the following days, explosions occurred at the plant. More than 150,000 people had to leave the area. Lots of radioactivity got into the ocean and came down from the atmosphere.
The earthquake highlighted an important problem — disasters often cause a chain reaction, leading to more problems. If people do not deal with them properly, this will lead to greater disasters.
It is everyone’s responsibility to take action to reduce disasters or secondary disasters.
Q: What is the main idea of the passage
How earthquakes happen
What secondary disasters are and why they are dangerous
How to stop nuclear power plant explosions
1
2
3
4
Q: How many parts is the passage divided into
Three parts.
Part2
Part3
secondary disasters are even more dangerous because they create more damages.
Part1
Presentation
02
Skim and match.
Disasters are terrible. Sometimes, secondary disasters are even more dangerous because they create more damages. Secondary disasters include landslides, fires, floods, and so on. Here is a serious example.
On March 11, 2011, the largest earthquake ever recorded in Japan caused great destruction. Tsunami waves hit the coastal area less than half an hour later. These waves damaged the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. In the following days, explosions occurred at the plant. More than 150,000 people had to leave the area. Lots of radioactivity got into the ocean and came down from the atmosphere.
The earthquake highlighted an important problem — disasters often cause a chain reaction, leading to more problems. If people do not deal with them properly, this will lead to greater disasters.
It is everyone’s responsibility to take action to reduce disasters or secondary disasters.
1
2
3
4
Q: What does each part talk about
① The serious example of the 2011 Japan earthquake
② The definition and types of secondary disasters
③ The lesson learned and our responsibility
Part1
Part2
Part3
_______. They are______________
______________________________.
Read the passage carefully and answer the questions.
Presentation
02
Read and answer.
Disasters are terrible. Sometimes, secondary disasters are even more dangerous because they create more damages. Secondary disasters include landslides, fires, floods, and so on. Here is a serious example.
On March 11, 2011, the largest earthquake ever recorded in Japan caused great destruction. Tsunami waves hit the coastal area less than half an hour later. These waves damaged the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. In the following days, explosions occurred at the plant. More than 150,000 people had to leave the area. Lots of radioactivity got into the ocean and came down from the atmosphere.
The earthquake highlighted an important problem — disasters often cause a chain reaction, leading to more problems. If people do not deal with them properly, this will lead to greater disasters.
It is everyone’s responsibility to take action to reduce disasters or secondary disasters.
Q: How many secondary disasters are mentioned in this passage What are they
Q: What disaster happened in Japan in 2011
A ______________ happened in Japan on March 11, 2011.
big earthquake
Five
landslides, fires, floods, tsunami and explosions
landslides, fires,
floods
tsunami
explosions
Read the passage carefully and answer the questions.
Presentation
02
Read and answer.
Disasters are terrible. Sometimes, secondary disasters are even more dangerous because they create more damages. Secondary disasters include landslides, fires, floods, and so on. Here is a serious example.
On March 11, 2011, the largest earthquake ever recorded in Japan caused great destruction. Tsunami waves hit the coastal area less than half an hour later. These waves damaged the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. In the following days, explosions occurred at the plant. More than 150,000 people had to leave the area. Lots of radioactivity got into the ocean and came down from the atmosphere.
The earthquake highlighted an important problem — disasters often cause a chain reaction, leading to more problems. If people do not deal with them properly, this will lead to greater disasters.
It is everyone’s responsibility to take action to reduce disasters or secondary disasters.
Q: What happened to the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant
Q: What should people do to reduce disasters
It was damaged by_____________, and ____________ occurred there. Lots of ___________ was released.
People should ____________to
____________________________
______________.
tsunami waves
explosions
radioactivity
take action
reduce disasters secondary disasters
Read and order.
Read the passage again and put the sentences in order in Part 2.
A. Radioactivity got into the ocean and atmosphere.
B. Explosions occurred at the plant.
C. The earthquake caused great destruction.
D. Tsunami waves hit the coastal area.
Presentation
02
Do you know how the radioactivity becomes
A
B
C
D
3 Read the sentences and pay attention to the parts in yellow.
Look and learn.
Presentation
02
Secondary disasters include landslides, fires, floods, and so on.
（次生灾害包括滑坡、火灾、洪水等。）
The earthquake highlighted an important problem.
（这次地震凸显了一个重要问题。）
派生词
合成词
Q: What is the difference between compound words and derivatives
Look and learn.
Presentation
02
Compound words are formed when two or more words are combined.
合成词：由两个或多个单词组合而成的词。
Example:
land（土地）+ slide（滑动）= landslide（滑坡）；
earth（大地）+ quake（震动）= earthquake（地震）
after（之后） + shock（震动）= aftershock （余震）
fault（断层） + line（线）= faultline（断层线）
Look and learn.
Presentation
02
Derivatives are created by adding affixes (prefixes or suffixes) to existing words.
派生词：通过在已有单词上添加词缀（前缀或后缀）构成的词。
second（第二的）+ -ary（形容词后缀）= secondary（次生的 / 次要的）；
harm（伤害）+ -ful（形容词后缀）= harmful（有害的）
danger（危险）+ -ous（形容词后缀）= dangerous（危险的）；
disaster（灾难）+ -ous（形容词后缀）= disastrous（灾难性的）；
destruct（破坏）+ -ive（形容词后缀）= destructive（破坏性的）；
Example:
前缀（Prefixes）：加在单词前面，改变意思
un-（不）：happy → unhappy（不开心的）
dis-（相反）：appear → disappear（消失）
re-（再 / 重新）：write → rewrite（重写）
后缀（Suffixes）：加在单词后面，改变词性
-ful（充满… 的）：care → careful（小心的）
-less（无… 的）：care → careless（粗心的）
-tion（名词后缀）：act → action（行动）
词缀分类 & 例子
Look and learn.
Presentation
02
合成词 vs 派生词 对比表
Look and learn.
Presentation
02
特征 合成词（Compound） 派生词（Derivative）
构成方式 单词 + 单词 词根 + 词缀（前缀 / 后缀）
核心特点 两个部分都是独立单词 词缀不能单独使用，只能依附词根
含义变化 两个词的含义组合成新义 词根核心含义不变，词缀微调意思 / 词性
例句 landslide（land+slide） secondary（second+-ary）
Read and fill.
Read the sentences in Part 4 and fill in the blanks.
Practice
03
lucky
luckily
creativity
creation
Read and fill.
Read the sentences in Part 4 and fill in the blanks.
Practice
03
firefighter
landslide
Work in groups of 3-4. Imagine you are news reporters making a 1-minute live broadcast about a natural disaster and its secondary effects.
Production
04
Disaster Reporter’s Broadcast.
Your report must:
Step1: Follow the clear chain: Main disaster → Secondary disasters → Impacts
Step2: Include at least 2 compound words
Step3: Include at least 2 derivatives
Step4: End with a short call to action or safety tip
Work in groups of 3-4. Imagine you are news reporters making a 1-minute live broadcast about a natural disaster and its secondary effects.
Production
04
Disaster Reporter’s Broadcast.
Useful Words
Compound words
earthquake landslide mudslide wildfire aftershock
floodwater thunderstorm flashflood death-toll rescue-team
rainstorm coastline hometown sandstorm
Derivatives
secondary dangerous harmful disastrous survivor
unsafe rebuild recovery protective destructive
natural sudden medical homeless powerful
Useful Words
Good morning, everyone.
Today we introduce...
First,...attacked this area.
Then it caused...
These disasters are...
Many people lost......come to help...
People will try their best to...
We need to learn...
That’s all. Thank you.
Show time
Talk clearly (内容清晰)
Pronunciation(发音标准)
Body language(使用肢体语言)
Fluently(流利的)
Reasonable(理由合理)
Grade and share:
一、判断下列单词是否为复合词，是打 “√”，否打 “×”
secondary ( )
landslide ( )
explosion ( )
earthquake ( )
toothbrush ( )
responsible ( )
The grammar we have learned
Summary
05
×
√
×
√
√
×
三、写出下列复合词的构成（模仿示例）
例：
landslide = land + slide
earthquake = _________________________________
toothbrush = _________________________________
chainreaction = _________________________________
nuclearpowerplant = _________________________________
The grammar we have learned
Summary
05
earth + quake
tooth + brush
chain + reaction
nuclear + power + plant
三、用括号内单词的复合词形式填空
The __________ (sun + rise) is a beautiful sight in the morning.
We use a __________ (book + store) to buy our school books.
After the heavy rain, a __________ (mud + slide) happened on the hill.
The __________ (fire + man) saved the children from the burning house.
My __________ (class + room) is on the second floor.
The grammar we have learned
Summary
05
sunrise
bookstore
mudslide
fireman
classroom
四、写出下列单词的派生词
例：harm → harmful（adj.）
second → ________（adj. 次要的）act → ________（n. 行动）
care → ________（adj. 小心的）danger → ________（adj. 危险的）
use → ________（adj. 有用的）luck → ________（adj. 幸运的）
create → ________（n. 创造） proper → ________（adv. 恰当地）
The grammar we have learned
Summary
05
secondary
action
careful
dangerous
useful
lucky
creation
properly
Assessment
06
Self-assessment
I can understand secondary disasters and examples.
I can use compound/derivative words about disasters；
I can discuss secondary disaster prevention.
Basic (基础)
Improving(提升)
Extend (拓展)
Homework
07
背诵并默写关于次生灾害的词汇与短语，能准确说出复合词 / 派生词的构成规则，用例句进行仿写。
结合本课阅读内容，用复合词 / 派生词写 3 个句子，描述你对次生灾害的理解与应对想法。
收集生活中 3 个和 “自然灾害 / 次生灾害” 相关的场景，用本课所学词汇和句型写出对应的句子。
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