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(共21张PPT)
Unit 7 Charities
(Grammar)
★学习目标：
理解并归纳一般现在时、一般过去时被动语态的构成、用法与表意功能。
通过表格与语篇练习，巩固并内化两种时态被动语态的核心用法。
能在慈善相关语境中准确运用被动语态描述公益活动，增强社会责任感。
★教学难点：
准确区分何时使用主动语态、何时使用被动语态，特别是在描述客观事实或强调动作承受者时。
在一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态结构中，正确使用 be动词的不同形式（am/is/are, was/were）。
在开放性写作任务中，自然、准确地运用被动语态描述慈善活动，避免与主动语态混淆。
Passive voice in the simple present
and past tenses
passive voice
It was started in 1982.
It is also used as a hospital and a training centre.
Local doctors and nurses are invited on board.
active voice
They need more money and more people.
Read the text belowand pay attention to the use of the passive voice.
A young boy was blinded in a car accident in January this year. Two months later, he was cured by Orbis doctors. In addition to helping patients directly, Orbis does many other things. For example, local doctors and nurses are trained by Orbis so that they can better help patients. With the help of Orbis and its volunteers, the lives of many patients with eye problems all over the world are improved.
When to use the active voice
It is important to know who performs the action.
明确动作的执行者很重要
主动语态
We use passive voice when
it is obvious who performs the action;
动作执行者很明显。
we do not know or do not need to know who performs the action;
我们不知道，也无需知道动作执行者是谁。
we want to stress the person who receives the action instead of the person who performs the action.
我们想要强调动作承受者，而非动作执行者。
被动语态
We form the passive voice in the simple present and past tenses like this:
subject be (not) past participle.
I am/was (not) supported
You/We/They are/were (not) He/She/lt is/was (not) We can also introduce who performs the action in the passive voice using by.
我们也可以在被动语态中使用by来引出动作的执行者。
We form the passive voice in the simple present tense in this way:
is/am/are + the past participle of the verb
We form the passive voice in the simple past tense in this way:
was/were+ the past participle of the verb
Work out the rule.
我们这样构成一般现在时的被动语态：
我们这样构成一般过去时的被动语态：
What they do every year
The Class 1, Grade 8 students are talking about different things they can do for those in need. Look at the pictures and help them complete their notes with the words in brackets using the passive voice. Add the word by when necessary.
Charity activities _______________________________________.
(plan/to help the poor)
Leaflets ______________________________________________.
(hand out/to people in the street/volunteers)
Old toys and books _____________________________________.
(sell/to raise money)
are planned to help the poor
are handed out to people in the street by volunteers
are sold to raise money
What they did last week
The Class 1, Grade 8 students are talking about different things they can do for those in need. Look at the pictures and help them complete their notes with the words in brackets using the passive voice. Add the word by when necessary.
New books ______________________________________________.
(send/to children in need/the Class 1, Grade 8 students)
Warm clothes ____________________________________________.
(collect/for children in disaster areas)
A charity show ___________________________________________.
(hold/in the school hall)
were sent to children in need by Class 1, Grade 8 students
was held in the school hall
were collected for children in disaster areas
Mr Wu is telling the Class 1, Grade 8 students about what international charities do to plete what he says with the words in brackets using the passive voice. Add the word by when necessary.
Do you know that there are thousands of international charities around the world Every year, lots of money __________________________ (raise/different charities). The money __________________ (use) to help people in need.
Save the Children is one of these charities. It __________________ (found) in 1919 and aims to help build a better future for all children. Every year, a lot of children’s lives ____________________ (improve) thanks to this charity. Last year, millions of children ________________________________________ (help/the education programmes) from Save the Children. In addition, many people ___________________________ (train/the charity) to become teachers.
But it’s not just people who are in need of help and support. Some other charities _______ (create) for different reasons, such as protecting the environment and animals. For example, the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) works hard to protect the natural world for the benefit of people and wildlife.
are improved
were helped by the education programmes
are trained by the charity
is used
was founded
is raised by different charities
are created
Amy and Daniel are talking about an international charity. Complete their conversation with the words in the box below using the passive voice. Add the word by when necessary.
carry out do feed found help provide support write
Amy: I've just looked online at some different international charities. They're all fantastic.
Daniel: Oh really What charities did you find
Amy: I found a charity called Oxfam.
Daniel: What kind of work _________________ this charity
Amy: It _______________ in 1942 with the aim of helping poor children and families around
the world. It also makes great efforts to make sure families ________________ with
clean water and hungry children ________________.
Daniel: That's amazing!
Amy: Yes. I read an article yesterday. It ______________ a volunteer from Oxfam. It said
that millions of children ________________ the charity's health programmes around
the world. And these programmes ________________ many volunteers.
Daniel: Wow! It sounds like a lot of amazing work _______________ the volunteers.
is carried out by
was founded
are provided
are fed
was written by
were helped by
were supported by
is done by
Write a short text about a charity activity at your school using the passive voice.
Exercise
根据汉语意思完成句子
1.因特网为我们提供了很多可供查找的信息。
The Internet ___________________ with a lot of information to look up.
2.请确保在你旅行前一切准备就绪。
Please _______________ everything is ready before you go on a trip.
3.只要你努力学习，你就能取得进步。
You can __________________ as long as you study hard.
provides us
make sure
make progress
用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1. He went ______________ (direct) into his room after work, without saying anything.
2. Two more methods ______________ (suggest) to work out the problem, but neither of them was practical.
3. The People's Republic of China was __________ (found) on the first of October, 1949.
4. The Chinese traditional poems ____________ (sing) to spread by popular singers.
directly
were suggested
founded
are sung
Homework
Must-do:
Complete and polish your ideas about the charity activity at your school.
Choose to do:
Choose a charity and write a short paragraph about it. Use at least three passive voice sentences to describe its work and why you admire it.
Homework

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