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(共28张PPT)
Unit 7 Charities
八年级
译林版2024
下
单词解析三
1.directly(副词)直接
[用法讲解]directly还可译为"立即，马上，坦率地".
Eg: Go directly to the manager's office.
直接去经理办公室。
The flight will depart directly after boarding.
登机后飞机将立即起飞。
"Tell me directly what you think," he said.
"有话直说，"他说道。
[常见搭配] directly opposite正对面
Eg: The bank is directly opposite the post office.
银行在邮局正对面。
[派生词]direct为形容词，译为"直接的，直率的";direct还可为动词，译为"指导，导演".
Eg: There is no direct flight form this small city to the capital.
这座小城市没有直飞首都的航班。
Shewaschosen to direct the school's annual play.
她被选中指导学校的年度话剧。
[即学即用]
She spoke__________(direct) to the manager.
directly
2.train(动词)培训，训练
[用法讲解] train也可作名词，译为"火车"等。
Eg:The company trains its employees regularly.
公司定期培训员工。
The train is very fast.
这列火车非常快。
[常见搭配]train hard努力训练
train station火车站
set sth. in train开始某事，促使某事发生
Eg: We trained hard to win the match.
为了赢得比赛我们努力训练。
We met at the train station.
我们在火车站见面。
We've set the project in train, and we expect to see results in the coming months.
我们已经启动了这个项目，我们期望在接下来的几个月内看到结果。
[派生词]training为名词，译为"训练"
trainee为名词，译为"实习生";
trainer为名词，译为"教练".
[即学即用]
She t__________her dog to fetch the newspaper.
rained
3.leaflet(名词)传单，小册子
[用法讲解]leaflet为可数名词，其复数形式为leaflets，还可译为"小叶，嫩叶".
Eg: They handed out leaflets to promote the event.
他们分发传单宣传活动。
The plant has small leafletsarranged in pairs.
这种植物的复叶由成对的小叶组成。
[即学即用]
I picked up a_______(传单)on healthy eating.
leaflet
4.hand out 分发
Eg: The teacher handed out the exam papers to the students.
老师把试卷分发给学生。
[知识拓展]hand可作可数名词，其复数形式为hands，可译为"手，指针，帮助"等；hand也可作动词，译为"上交，递，给"等。
Eg:His hands is dirty.
他得手很脏。
A watch has three hands -- the second hand, minute hand and hour hand.
手表有三个指针--秒针，分针和时针。
Hand it up to me, please.
请把它递上来给我。
[常见搭配]give sb. a hand 帮助某人
hand in上交
on the one hand... on the other hand一方面...另一方面
by hand手工制作
Eg: Could you give me a hand with the baggage
你能帮我拿一下行李吗
Please hand in your homework on time.
请按时交作业。
On the one hand I admire his gifts, but on the other hand I distrust his judgement.
一方面我羡慕他的才华，而另一方面我却怀疑他的判断力。
The fabric was painted by hand.
这个织品是手工染制的。
[即学即用]
志愿者正在向无家可归的人分发食物。
Volunteers are _____________food to the homeless.
handing out
5.champion(名词)捍卫者，声援者，拥护者，冠军
[常见搭配] champion为可数名词，其复数形式为champions;champion还可为动词，译为"支持，捍卫".
Eg:She became the world chess champion at age 20.
她20岁时成为国际象棋世界冠军。
This lawyer is a champion for the poor.
这位律师是穷人的捍卫者。
The organization champions environmental protection.
该组织致力于环境保护。
[即学即用]
He is a two-time Olympic_____________(冠军).
champion
6.right(名词)权利
[用法讲解]right作名词，还可译为"右边"; right为副词，译为"立刻，正确地";right还可作形容词，译为"正确的，合适的，右边的".
Eg: The right to vote is important.
投票权很重要。
She sits on the right of Lily.
她坐在丽丽的右侧。
He spoke right to the point.
他直接说到点子上了。
He answered the question right.
他正确的回答了问题。
You are right.
你是对的。
She is the right person for the job.
她是做这项工作的合适人选。
the right side of the road
马路的右侧
[常见搭配]right away立刻，马上
right now现在
human rights人权
Eg: We need to leave right away.
我们需要马上离开。
Can you come right now
你现在能来吗
Everyone deserves basic human rights.
每个人都应享有基本人权。
[即学即用]
Every citizen has the________(权利)to vote.
right
7.progress(名词)进步，进展
[用法讲解]progress为不可数名词；progress还可为动词，译为"前进，进步，推移，流逝"等。
Eg: Her progress in learning the violin has been remarkable.
她在学习小提琴方面取得了显著的进步。
The research team is progressing towards a vaccine breakthrough.
研究团队正在向疫苗突破方面取得进步。
[常见搭配]in progress在进行中，尚未完工
make progress(in...)(在...方面)取得进步
Eg: The renovation work is currentlyin progress.
翻新工作目前正在进行中。
Studentswhopractice daily make remarkable progress in language acquisition.
每天练习的学生在语言习得方面取得了显著的进步。
[即学即用]
只有这样你才能在英语学习上取得进步。
Only in this way can you ________________in your English.
make progress
8.virus(名词)病毒
[用法讲解]virus为可数名词，其复数形式为viruses.
Eg:The virus spreads through droplets.
这种病毒通过飞沫传播。
[常见搭配]flu spread流感
contract a virus感染病毒
virus transmission病毒传播
Eg: The flu virus spreads quickly in winter.
流感病毒在冬季传播很快。
She contracted a rare virus while traveling.
她在旅行时感染了一种罕见病毒。
Hand washing reduces virus transmission.
洗手能减少病毒传播。
[即学即用]
My computercrashed because of a________(病毒).
virus
9.miss out on错失机会
Eg: Don't miss out on this limited - time offer!
别错过这个限时优惠!
[知识拓展] miss为动词，译为"想念，错过，缺失";miss也可作名词，译为"小姐"，此时首字母需大写。
Eg: I miss my old bike.
我怀念我的旧自行车。
She missed the school bus because she got up late.
她错过了校车因为起晚了。
The book is missing a few pages.
这本书少了几页。
She is Miss Wang.
她是王小姐。
[常见搭配] miss doing sth.错过做某事
miss out (on)错过，遗漏，未能得到
Eg: We missed visiting the town.
我们错过了参观城镇。
I missed out on the concert because I was sick.
我错过了音乐会因为我生病了。
[派生词] missing为形容词，译为"丢失的".
Eg:They still hoped to find their missing son.
他们仍然希望找到他们丢失的儿子。
[即学即用]
1.She has a ___________(miss) tooth that needs to be replaced.
2.我错过了最后一班火车，所以只好打车回家。
I _________________ the last train, so I had to take a taxi home.
missing
missed out on
10.war(名词)战争，斗争
[用法讲解]war为可数名词，其复数形式为wars;war还可为动词，译为"作战，斗争".
Eg: The country declared war on its neighbour.
该国向邻国宣战。
They arestillfighting a war against poverty.
他们仍在与贫困左都镇。
The tribes warred against each other for resources.
部落为资源互相斗争。
[常见搭配]at war(with)与...交战中
war zone战区
Eg: The two nations have been at war for decades.
这两个国家已交战数十年。
Civilians fled the war zone.
平民逃离了战区。
[派生词] warrior为名词，译为"战士".
Eg: The ancient warriors fought bravely for their kingdom.
古代的战士们为他们的王国英勇战斗。
[即学即用]
The government waged________(斗争)oncorruption.
war
11.influential(形容词)有影响力的
[用法讲解]influential在句中常作定语或表语。
Eg:Shewasone of the most influential writers of her time.
她是当时最具影响力的作家之一。
This report was influential in changing government policy.
这份报告改变政府政策产生了影响。
[常见搭配]be influential in doing sth.对作某事有影响
Eg:His research was influential in shaping new policies.
他的研究对制定新政策产生了影响。
[派生词]influence为名词，译为"影响".
Eg:Herpositive attitude has a great influence on the team.
她的积极态度对整个团队有很大影响。
[即学即用]
She is a highly____________(influence) scientist in her field.
influential
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Unit 7 Charities 单词解析三
1.directly(副词)直接
[用法讲解] directly还可译为"立即，马上，坦率地".
Eg: Go directly to the manager's office.
直接去经理办公室。
The flight will depart directly after boarding.
登机后飞机将立即起飞。
"Tell me directly what you think," he said.
"有话直说，"他说道。
[常见搭配] directly opposite 正对面
Eg: The bank is directly opposite the post office.
银行在邮局正对面。
[派生词]direct为形容词，译为"直接的，直率的";direct还可为动词，译为"指导，导演".
Eg: There is no direct flight form this small city to the capital.
这座小城市没有直飞首都的航班。
She was chosen to direct the school's annual play.
她被选中指导学校的年度话剧。
[即学即用]
She spoke__________(direct) to the manager.
答案：directly
2.train(动词)培训，训练
[用法讲解] train也可作名词，译为"火车"等。
Eg:The company trains its employees regularly.
公司定期培训员工。
The train is very fast.
这列火车非常快。
[常见搭配] train hard 努力训练
train station 火车站
set sth. in train开始某事，促使某事发生
Eg: We trained hard to win the match.
为了赢得比赛我们努力训练。
We met at the train station.
我们在火车站见面。
We've set the project in train, and we expect to see results in the coming months.
我们已经启动了这个项目，我们期望在接下来的几个月内看到结果。
[派生词]training为名词，译为"训练"
trainee为名词，译为"实习生";
trainer为名词，译为"教练".
[即学即用]
She t__________ her dog to fetch the newspaper.
答案：trained
3.leaflet(名词)传单，小册子
[用法讲解] leaflet为可数名词，其复数形式为leaflets，还可译为"小叶，嫩叶".
Eg: They handed out leaflets to promote the event.
他们分发传单宣传活动。
The plant has small leaflets arranged in pairs.
这种植物的复叶由成对的小叶组成。
[即学即用]
I picked up a_______(传单)on healthy eating.
答案：leaflet
4.hand out 分发
Eg: The teacher handed out the exam papers to the students.
老师把试卷分发给学生。
[知识拓展]hand可作可数名词，其复数形式为 hands，可译为"手，指针，帮助"等；hand也可作动词，译为"上交，递，给"等。
Eg:His hands is dirty.
他得手很脏。
A watch has three hands -- the second hand, minute hand and hour hand.
手表有三个指针--秒针，分针和时针。
Hand it up to me, please.
请把它递上来给我。
[常见搭配] give sb. a hand 帮助某人
hand in 上交
on the one hand... on the other hand 一方面...另一方面
by hand 手工制作
Eg: Could you give me a hand with the baggage
你能帮我拿一下行李吗
Please hand in your homework on time.
请按时交作业。
On the one hand I admire his gifts, but on the other hand I distrust his judgement.
一方面我羡慕他的才华，而另一方面我却怀疑他的判断力。
The fabric was painted by hand.
这个织品是手工染制的。
[即学即用]
志愿者正在向无家可归的人分发食物。
Volunteers are _____________food to the homeless.
答案：handing out
5.champion(名词)捍卫者，声援者，拥护者，冠军
[常见搭配] champion为可数名词，其复数形式为champions;champion还可为动词，译为"支持，捍卫".
Eg: She became the world chess champion at age 20.
她20岁时成为国际象棋世界冠军。
This lawyer is a champion for the poor.
这位律师是穷人的捍卫者。
The organization champions environmental protection.
该组织致力于环境保护。
[即学即用]
He is a two-time Olympic_____________(冠军).
答案：champion
6.right(名词)权利
[用法讲解]right作名词，还可译为"右边"; right为副词，译为"立刻，正确地";right还可作形容词，译为"正确的，合适的，右边的".
Eg: The right to vote is important.
投票权很重要。
She sits on the right of Lily.
她坐在丽丽的右侧。
He spoke right to the point.
他直接说到点子上了。
He answered the question right.
他正确的回答了问题。
You are right.
你是对的。
She is the right person for the job.
她是做这项工作的合适人选。
the right side of the road
马路的右侧
[常见搭配] right away 立刻，马上
right now 现在
human rights 人权
Eg: We need to leave right away.
我们需要马上离开。
Can you come right now
你现在能来吗
Everyone deserves basic human rights.
每个人都应享有基本人权。
[即学即用]
Every citizen has the________(权利)to vote.
答案：right
7.progress(名词)进步，进展
[用法讲解] progress为不可数名词；progress还可为动词，译为"前进，进步，推移，流逝"等。
Eg: Her progress in learning the violin has been remarkable.
她在学习小提琴方面取得了显著的进步。
The research team is progressing towards a vaccine breakthrough.
研究团队正在向疫苗突破方面取得进步。
[常见搭配] in progress 在进行中，尚未完工
make progress(in...)(在...方面)取得进步
Eg: The renovation work is currently in progress.
翻新工作目前正在进行中。
Students who practice daily make remarkable progress in language acquisition.
每天练习的学生在语言习得方面取得了显著的进步。
[即学即用]
只有这样你才能在英语学习上取得进步。
Only in this way can you ________________in your English.
答案：make progress
8.virus(名词)病毒
[用法讲解] virus为可数名词，其复数形式为viruses.
Eg:The virus spreads through droplets.
这种病毒通过飞沫传播。
[常见搭配]flu spread 流感
contract a virus 感染病毒
virus transmission 病毒传播
Eg: The flu virus spreads quickly in winter.
流感病毒在冬季传播很快。
She contracted a rare virus while traveling.
她在旅行时感染了一种罕见病毒。
Hand washing reduces virus transmission.
洗手能减少病毒传播。
[即学即用]
My computer crashed because of a________(病毒).
答案：virus
9.miss out on错失机会
Eg: Don't miss out on this limited - time offer!
别错过这个限时优惠!
[知识拓展] miss为动词，译为"想念，错过，缺失";miss也可作名词，译为"小姐"，此时首字母需大写。
Eg: I miss my old bike.
我怀念我的旧自行车。
She missed the school bus because she got up late.
她错过了校车因为起晚了。
The book is missing a few pages.
这本书少了几页。
She is Miss Wang.
她是王小姐。
[常见搭配] miss doing sth.错过做某事
miss out (on) 错过，遗漏，未能得到
Eg: We missed visiting the town.
我们错过了参观城镇。
I missed out on the concert because I was sick.
我错过了音乐会因为我生病了。
[派生词] missing为形容词，译为"丢失的".
Eg: They still hoped to find their missing son.
他们仍然希望找到他们丢失的儿子。
[即学即用]
1.She has a ___________(miss) tooth that needs to be replaced.
2.我错过了最后一班火车，所以只好打车回家。
I _________________ the last train, so I had to take a taxi home.
答案：1.missing 2.missed out on
10.war(名词)战争，斗争
[用法讲解] war为可数名词，其复数形式为 wars;war还可为动词，译为"作战，斗争".
Eg: The country declared war on its neighbour.
该国向邻国宣战。
They are still fighting a war against poverty.
他们仍在与贫困左都镇。
The tribes warred against each other for resources.
部落为资源互相斗争。
[常见搭配] at war(with) 与...交战中
war zone 战区
Eg: The two nations have been at war for decades.
这两个国家已交战数十年。
Civilians fled the war zone.
平民逃离了战区。
[派生词] warrior为名词，译为"战士".
Eg: The ancient warriors fought bravely for their kingdom.
古代的战士们为他们的王国英勇战斗。
[即学即用]
The government waged____ ____(斗争)on corruption.
答案：war
11.influential(形容词)有影响力的
[用法讲解] influential在句中常作定语或表语。
Eg: She was one of the most influential writers of her time.
她是当时最具影响力的作家之一。
This report was influential in changing government policy.
这份报告改变政府政策产生了影响。
[常见搭配]be influential in doing sth.对作某事有影响
Eg: His research was influential in shaping new policies.
他的研究对制定新政策产生了影响。
[派生词]influence为名词，译为"影响".
Eg: Her positive attitude has a great influence on the team.
她的积极态度对整个团队有很大影响。
[即学即用]
She is a highly____________(influence) scientist in her field.
答案：influential
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