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(共24张PPT)
Unit 6
Living with nature
Grammar
In this lesson, you will:
1. identify and summarize the grammar rules of object clauses
through sentences from the passage.
2. write correct sentences using object clauses by rearranging
given phrases.
3. use object clauses and unit expressions to discuss how people
follow the laws of nature in daily activities.
Lead in
What grammar can you notice
I know something.（我知道某事）
I know he likes blue.（我知道他喜欢蓝色）
句子作宾语
代词作宾语
宾语从句
三类宾语从句：
_____引导的
宾语从句
___________
引导的宾语从句
_______引导的
宾语从句
that
whether / if
疑问词
Underline the object clauses in the passage.
上一单元中我们学习了that和whether / if
引导的宾语从句。
Underline the object clauses in the passage.
P87 5
在本单元中，我们来学习另一类宾语从句 ——
疑问词引导的宾语从句。
疑问词
It was an early morning
Read the sentences from the reading passage and summarise the grammar rules.
5
I didn't know how popular the paintings would become.
(b) They help people understand why nature works this way.
What can you find
Presentation
疑问词引导的宾语从句
Object Clause
Presentation
The terms helped them understand why things happened at certain times.
The terms helped them understand how they should react.
I didn't know how popular the paintings would become.
They help people understand why nature works this way.
Analyze the sentence structure
主句（主语+谓语）
+ 引导词
+ 从句（主语+谓语+其他）
宾语从句是英语复合句中的一种从句类型，它在句子中充当宾语成分，相当于一个名词的作用。
疑问词引导的
宾语从句
宾语从句的引导词
宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的时态
Presentation
引导词1
类别 引导词 含义 充当的成分 例句
连 接 代 词 what 什么 主语、宾语、表语 I know what happened. (作主语)
Tell me what you need. (作宾语)
who 谁（主格） 主语（指人） Do you know who won the game
whom 谁（宾格） 宾语（指人，较正式） I wonder whom she admires.
whose 谁的 定语 Ask him whose idea this is.
which 哪一个 主语、宾语、定语 Choose which suits you best. (作主语)
Presentation
类别 引导词 含义 充当的成分 例句
连 接 副词 when 什么时候 时间状语 Remember when we first met.
where 在哪里 地点状语 Show me where you live.
how 怎样 方式状语 I’ll show you how it works.
why 为什么 原因状语 Explain why you are late.
引导词2
Presentation
引导词 含义 充当的成分 例句
how many 多少 （可数） 定语 或与名词一起作宾语 Count how many books are on the shelf.
how much 多少 （不可数） 定语 或与名词一起作宾语 I care about how much effort you put in.
how far 多远 距离状语 Guess how far the airport is.
how long 多久/多长 时间/长度状语 Tell us how long you will stay.
how often 多久一次 频率状语 Describe how often you exercise.
引导词3
Presentation
语序
在含有宾语从句的复合句中，宾语从句要用陈述语序。
Do you know who the man is
Please tell me where the library is.
引导词
主句
宾语从句
陈述句语序：主语+动原+其他.
宾语从句的时态
宾语从句的时态取决于主句的时态。
(1) I can hardly believe (that) we're in the city centre.
真不敢相信我们是在市中心。
(2) I want to know what he did last weekend.
我想知道他上周末做了什么。
(3) My mother asks when we will go to the park.
妈妈问我们什么时候去公园。
当主句是现在时态时，从句可以根据实际情况选择不同时态。
主句是一般现在时，从句是一般现在时
主句是一般现在时，从句是一般过去时
主句是一般现在时，从句是一般将来时
(1) I did not know who she was.
我不知道她是谁。
(2) We thought (that) somebody was moving about.
我们以为有人在走动。
(3) We were wondering where she bought the beautiful dress.
我们当时正在好奇她在哪里买的这条漂亮裙子。
当主句是过去时态时，从句一般使用相应的过去时态。
主句是一般过去时，从句是一般过去时
主句是一般过去时，从句是过去进行时
主句是过去进行时，从句是一般过去时
当宾语从句是客观真理或不可改变的自然现象时，从句须用一般现在时，不受主句时态的限制。
(1) She knows that the earth goes around the sun.
她知道地球绕着太阳转。
(2) The teacher told us that light travels faster than
sound.
老师告诉我们光比声音传播得快。
口诀：主现从不限
主过从必过
真理永不变
宾语从句
whether / if引导的宾语从句
疑问词
引导的
宾语
从句
that引导的宾语从句
语序
引导词
疑问代词what、who、whom、whose、which
疑问副词when、where、how、why
陈述句语序
who作宾语从句的主语时
时态
当主句是现在时态时，从句可以根据实际情况选择不同时态。
当主句是过去时态时，从句一般使用相应的过去时态。
宾语从句是客观真理或不可改变的自然现象时，从句须用一般现在时，不受主句时态的限制。
疑问词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他
who + 谓语 + 其他
1. I am / curious about / Chinese people / celebrate / Rain Water
______________________________________________________
2. Do you / know / people / eat dumplings / in Start of Winter
______________________________________________________
3. Have you / decided / you want / to do / in Major Snow
______________________________________________________
4. I am / not sure / we are / going / tomorrow / for Minor Heat
______________________________________________________
5. He has / told me / we / shall meet / in End of Heat
______________________________________________________
Write the sentences with object clauses.
6
I am curious about how Chinese people celebrate Rain Water.
Do you know why people eat dumplings in Start of Winter
Have you decided what you want to do in Major Snow
I am not sure where we are going tomorrow for Minor Heat.
He has told me that we shall meet in End of Heat.
Complete the passage using the words from the box.
7
what when where why how
The Maori in New Zealand had many terms to describe the sea. They carefully checked ______ the water looked and used different words like “energetic” or “dangerous”.
Many people have wondered ______ they did this. Well, think about ______ they lived – many small islands were around them. They often travelled on the sea. It was important for them to know ______ would happen on the sea and ______ it was safe to go to the sea.
By understanding the laws of nature, people can live in nature more safely. The Maori's words for the sea are only one of many examples.
how
why
where
what
when
自然法则
Examples:
How do people follow it
Description:
What is it
Laws of nature
Benefits:
How can it help people
No fishing from May to September
Frozen fruit
in winter
Beekeeping
Work in pairs. Talk about how people live by the laws of nature. Use the words and expressions from the reading passage and the Useful expressions to help you.
8
It is the natural rule that fish have baby fish from May to September.
People stop fishing in the sea from May to September.
It helps keep the ecosystem in balance.
Useful expressions
According to…
… tells us how nature works…
It's common for…
It guides…
It's good / harmful for …
There can be problems…
Exercises
单选题。
1. — Do you know _______ the meeting will start
— At 3 o’clock this afternoon.
A. where B. when C. what
2. My teacher asked me _______ I was late for school this morning.
A. why B. who C. how
3. She told me _______ she wanted to be a doctor in the future.
A. that B. what C. if
4. I don’t know _______ he is talking about. Can you explain it
A. what B. when C. where
5. He asked his mom __ he could play computer games.
A. that B. whether C. what
根据句意，从方框中选择适当的词填空，每词限用一次。
what, why, where, when, whether
1. Can you tell me ________ the nearest bus stop is
2. Eric hasn't decided ________ he will have dinner with me.
3. Mum asks me ________ I want for dinner every morning.
4. Please let me know ________ you will arrive at the airport.
5. Did Tommy explain ________ he was late for the meeting
where
why
whether
what
when
Must do:
1.记忆本节课的单词和短语，重点句型;
2.完成课后的相关练习。
Choose to do:
观点写作
以“Why should we follow the laws of nature ”为题，写一段60-80词的英文短文，结合课文内容或生活实例，提出你的观点，并至少使用2个宾语从句。
Homework

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