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(共36张PPT)
2. Whose birthday is it
Unit 7
A Good Read
人教版 英语（八年级下册）
Section A
Grammar Focus
2. Whose birthday is it
01
02
03
学习目标
学生能够通过观察和分析例句中的现在完成时结构，深入理解ever/never/just/already/yet等时间副词在现在完成时中的语义差异，掌握现在完成时在疑问句、否定句和肯定句中的不同用法。
学生能够掌握并准确运用现在完成时完成对话填空练习，在语境中正确使用现在完成时描述阅读经历，提升语法运用的准确性和熟练度。
学生能够熟练区分现在完成时与一般过去时的用法差异，完成语篇填空练习；通过语法实践在语篇层面灵活运用现在完成时进行连贯表达，在小组采访活动中用目标语言交流阅读经历，提升语言组织与口语表达能力。
Let's enjoy a song Seasons in the Sun.
Goodbye to you my trusted friend
We've known each other since we were nine or ten
Together we've climbed hills and trees
Learned of love and ABC's
Skinned our hearts and skinned our knees
Goodbye my friend it's hard to die
When all the birds are singing in the sky
Now that spring is in the air
Pretty girls are everywhere
Think of me and I'll be there
We had joy we had fun
We had seasons in the sun
But the hills that we climbed
Were just seasons out of time
Goodbye Papa please pray for me
I was the black sheep of the family
You tried to teach me right from wrong
Too much wine and too much song
Wonder how I got along
Goodbye Papa it's hard to die
When all the birds are singing in the sky
Now that spring is in the air
Little children everywhere
When you'll see them I'll be there
We had joy we had fun
We had seasons in the sun
But the wine and the song
Like the seasons have all gone
We had joy we had fun
We had seasons in the sun
But the wine and the song
Like the seasons have all gone
Look at the lyrics and pay attention to the bold words.
现在完成时
Present Perfect Tense
Read the sentences and underline the present perfect forms of the verbs. Pay attention to the meanings of the bold words.
Have you decided on a book for your report Yes, I have. /No, I haven’t.
Has Peter ever heard of this book No, he’s never heard of it.
Has Chen Jie read this book yet No, but she’s already borrowed it from the library.
What have you read recently I’ve just finished The Romance of the Three Kingdoms.
I’ve=I have
she’s=she has
haven’t=have not
hasn’t=has not
4a
现在完成时
一、现在完成时的构成
现在完成时由“助动词have/has+过去分词”构成。
注：主语若是第三人称单数助动词用has
肯定句：主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他.
否定句：主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词 + 其他.
一般疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他？
特殊疑问句：疑问词 + have/has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他？
现在完成时的句型转换
以动词 finish 为例：
句式 结构 例句
肯定句 主语 + have/has + 过去分词 I have finished my homework.
否定句 主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词 I have not (haven't) finished my homework.
一般疑问句 Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词？ Have you finished your homework
肯定回答 Yes, 主语 + have/has. Yes, I have.
否定回答 No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't. No, I haven't.
Base form 动词原形 Simple Past 过去式 变化规则
look look look
move move move
carry carr carr
stop stop stop
一般动词，加ed
以不发音的e结尾的动词，加d
以“辅音+y”结尾的动词，变y为i，再加ed
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加ed
二、动词过去分词的变化规则示例
ed
ed
d
d
Past Participle
过去分词
ed
ed
p
p
ed
y
i
ed
y
i
cut cut cut
let let let
put put put
have had had
make made made
spend spent spent
do did done
be was/were been
go went gone
A-A-A型
(动词原形、过去式、过去分词都同形)
A-B-B型
(动词过去式、过去分词同形)
A-B-C型
(动词原形、过去式、过去分词都不同形)
但也有一部分动词-ed形式的变化是不规则的，没有规律，需要记忆。比如：
Base form 动词原形 Simple Past 过去式 Past Participle
过去分词
past

Fu Xing finished Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland.
Fu Xing can share many interesting details of the book with Peter.
Fu Xing has finished Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland.
1. 表示在以前某个时间已经发生的行为或曾经做过的事情对目前有某种影响。
present
present perfect
用
法
过去发生或已经完成的某一动作
三、现在完成时的用法
past

I read Around the World in Eighty Days for the first time.
I've already read Around the World in Eighty Days twice.
present
present perfect
I read Around the World in Eighty Days for the second time.
2. 表示一个动作到现在已经发生了多少次。
用
法
现在造成的影响或结果
I’ve always loved reading fantasy books.
3. 表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在，而且可能持续到将来。
past
present
future
love
present perfect
用
法
表示过去时间的副词
already 已经 yet 尚且；已经
before 以前 ever 曾经
never 从未 just 刚刚
so far/up to now/till now 到目前为止
in the past/last few years 在过去的几年里
表示次数的短语
once 一次
twice 两次
three times 三次
several times 几次
I have just finished my homework.
This is the most beautiful park I have ever visited.
He has been to Beijing several times.
标志词
四、现在完成时标志词
、
表示自从......
since+过去一个时间点
since+一段时间+ago
since +从句(从句用一般过去时)
表示动作持续了多长时间
for+时间段
标志词
They have lived in Beijing since 2021.
They have lived in Beijing since two years ago.
They have lived in Beijing since they left school.
They have lived in Beijing for two years.
1. I have been here ________ five months ago.
2. He has been a soldier _____ about two months.
3. Great changes have taken place ________ you left.
4. His grandpa has been dead _____ ten years.
5. I have studied English _______ I was 12 years old.
6. It has been two years ________ I became a doctor.
since
for
since
for
since
since
Fill in the blanks with since or for.
ever
用法：用于 ，意为 “曾经”，放在过去分词之 。
例句：Have you ever been to Beijing 你曾经去过北京吗？
疑问句
前
never
用法：用于肯定句表否定，意为 “从不、从未”，位于过去分词之 。例句：I have never seen such a beautiful flower. 我从未见过这么漂亮的花。
前
yet
用法：用于否定句和疑问句 ，意为 “还、尚”。
例句：Have you finished your homework yet 你做完作业了吗？
I haven’t done it yet. 我还没做。
句末
already
用法：用于 句，意为 “已经”，放 或句末。
例句：I have already cleaned my room. 我已经打扫完房间了。
肯定
句中
just
用法：表示 “刚刚”，动作刚发生不久，放 。
例句：He has just come back. 他刚回来。
句中
Practice
Complete the sentences with ever, never, just, already, or yet.
She has __________ come back from the party. She is very tired.
We have __________ learned many western table manners.
He has __________ eaten with chopsticks, so he can’t use them well.
Have you prepared for the party __________
My mom has __________ cleaned the room. It’s tidy now.
I have __________ seen such an embarrassing mistake before.
They have __________ left. You can’t see them now.
Has your father told you about cultural differences __________
just
already
never
yet
already
never
just
ever
现在完成时与一般过去时区别
Focus on
基本用法
We can use both the present perfect tense and the simple past tense to talk about a past experience. Let’s find out their differences.
① I have seen that movie many times.
② I saw that movie last week.
现在完成时：
现在完成时与一般过去时区别
我已经看过那部电影很多次了。
我上周看了那部电影。
一般过去时：
主语 + have/has + V-ed
主语 + 动词过去式
一、构成不同
① I have already visited that museum. I visited it last summer.
② I have already finished my homework.
I finished it an hour ago.
现在完成时表示该事件是在现在之前的某一个时间里发生的，重点在于强调已完成动作对现在的影响。
一般过去时表示在过去某一具体时间发生的事情。
我已经参观过那个博物馆了，去年夏天参观的。
我已经完成家庭作业了，一小时前完成的。
二、用法不同
① We moved to this city in 2012.
② I saw that movie last week.
③ - Have you ever been to London
- No, I have never been there.
④I have seen that movie many times.
我已经看过那部电影很多次了。
我上周看了那部电影。
三、时间状语不同
— 你曾经去过伦敦吗？
— 没有，以前从没去过。
一般过去时常与表过去的具体的时间状语连用, yesterday、last night、three weeks ago、in 2012 等。
现在完成时是一个与过去和现在都有关系的时态，因此，具有这样时间特点的状语, 如ever, never, many times等都可以与现在完成时连用。
我们2012年搬到了这个城市。
一般过去时 现在完成时
基本含义 过去发生的动作 / 状态，和现在无关 过去动作对现在有影响，或持续到现在
时间状语 yesterday,last week,ago,in 2019 等具体过去时间 already,yet,ever,never,for,since,so far 等
结构 主语 + 动词过去式 主语 + have/has + 过去分词
强调内容 动作发生在过去，只讲过去 强调对现在的结果、影响或持续状态
相同点 动作都发生在过去 动作都发生在过去
Exercise—时态对比（现在完成时 vs 一般过去时）
1. I ________ (read) Tom Sawyer last month. I ________________ (never / read) a better story.
2. He ________ (finish) his book report an hour ago. He _______________ (just / hand) it in to the teacher.
3. A: ________ you ever ________ (visit) the new city library
B: Yes, I ________ (go) there last week. I ___________ (borrow) three books already.
4. She ________ (not see) the movie yet, but she ________ (watch) the trailer yesterday.
5. They ___________________ (already / decide) which book to choose. They ________ (choose) The Little Prince this morning.
read
have never read
finished
has just handed
Have
went
watched
hasn’t seen
have borrowed
have already decided
chose
visited
Exercise—用所给词的适当形式填空
1. I’m really glad to see that the river _____________ (change) in wonderful ways over the past few years.
2. I’m sure I ____________ (write) down the hotel’s address already. But I can’t remember where I put it.
3. My brother ______________ (complete) his homework. He can go out to play now.
4. My teacher __________ (teach) me to treat elderly people with respect in the past few years.
5. We have ________ (try) different ways to solve this math problem, but none of them worked.
6. He _____________ (finish) his homework already and now he is watching TV.
has changed
have written
has completed
has taught
tried
has finished
have/has been to表示“曾经到过某地”，现在已经回来了；have/has gone to 表示“去了某地”，现仍在那个地方，没有回来。
She has been to the Great Wall.（去过长城，现在已经回来）
She has gone to the Great Wall.（去了长城，现在仍在那里）
---Where is Tom --- He ______ the teacher’s office.
have/has been to、 have/has gone to区别
--- Have you known about China --- Yes, I ______ there twice.
A. have been to B. has been to C. have gone to D. has gone to
A. have been B. have been to C. have gone D. have gone to
D
A
Complete the conversations with ever, never, just, already, or yet.
1. A: Have you ________ heard of the book The Little Prince
B: No, I’ve ________ heard of it.
A: I’ve ________ finished reading it. It’s such a simple story, but you can learn a lot from it!
2. A: Have you chosen a book for your book report ________
B: Yes, I’ve chosen The Little Match Girl. It’s such a sad story, but I love it. I’ve ________
started writing my report.
3. A: I’ve ________ read a classic novel before. Could you recommend one
B: Well, I’ve ________ finished Outlaws of the Marsh. It’s really good!
A: Oh, thanks! Could I borrow it
B: Sure!
ever
never
already
yet
already
never
just
4b
Complete the passage with the simple past or present perfect forms of the verbs in brackets.
________ you ever ________ (try) to read books from different countries At the start of this year, I ________ (decide) to read books from as many countries as possible. I ________ (begin) with The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. Now I _______ already _______ (read) twenty different books. These books ____________ (teach) me a lot about other cultures and societies, and they ____________ (allow) me to see the world differently.
In the past, I only ________ (know) the names of different countries, but now I understand them a little bit better. This experience has been amazing so far. I never ________ (realize) how big our world really is!
Have
tried
decided
began
have
read
have taught
have allowed
knew
realize
过去
4c
4d
Interview your classmates and find out who has done these activities.
P65
read all four Chinese literary classics
watched a movie based on a novel
read a book in a different language
read a book more than twice
read a book with more than 500 pages
joined a reading club
Journey to the West
《西游记》
A Dream of Red Mansions
《红楼梦》
Three Kingdom
《三国演义》
Outlaws of the Marsh
《水浒传》
1. So far, she ______ many dishes with special tastes.
A. invents B. will invent C. has invented
（2025 广东卷-完形填空）
2. I’m worried about my friend because I haven’t heard from him _______. (2025黑龙江齐齐哈尔)
A. exactly B. suddenly C. recently
3. — Excuse me, may I use your ruler I ______ mine.
— Of course! Here you are. (2025黑龙江哈尔滨)
A. have lost B. will lose C. am losing
Exercises
一、单项选择
4. - Excuse me, may I use your dictionary I ___ mine behind.
- Sure, here you are. (2024 安徽)
A. leave B. have left C. will leave D. was leaving
5. - Sally, I _______ the picture already.
- Wow, truly beautiful! (2023 福建省)
A. finish B. have finished C. was finishing
6. - _____ you ____ about Naxi Ancient Music yet
- Yes, I have. It is a part of Naxi culture. (2023 云南省)
A. Has; heard B. Have; heard
C. Did; hear D. Do; hear
二、根据所给单词的正确形式填空。（真题改编）
1. Even though a ball is all you really need, balls _____________(change) over the years.（2025 天津卷-任务型阅读）
2. Sanket Reddy has spent years in forests around the world taking photos of wildlife. For Sanket, wildlife photography _______________ (never be) about becoming famous.（2025 安徽卷-阅读理解E）
3. Mr Chen ________ (live) there for over 50 years, so we went to interview him. (2025江苏无锡)
have changed
has never been
has lived
三、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.She __________(not read) the book yet.
2.________ you ________(decide) which book to buy yet
3.Tom won't go to the cinema with us because he ________ already ________ (see) the film.
4.David hasn't ________(finish) ________(read) Harry Potter yet.
5.We ________ just ________(clean) the classroom.
6.I ________(lend) my bike to her yesterday, but she ____________ (not give) it back to me yet.
hasn't read
Have
has
seen
finished
have
cleaned
decided
reading
lent
hasn't given
Homework
Remember the grammar points we’ve learnt today.
Try to make five sentences with the present perfect tense.
Finish the exercises after class.
2. Whose birthday is it
Thanks
for watching!

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