资源简介

1．refer vi．(referred；referred；referring)提到；参考；查阅 vt．查询；叫……求助于(reference n．指称关系；参考)
◎refer to　　　　　 指的是；描述；提到；查阅
refer．．． to．．． 把……提交给……；让(人)参考……
refer to．．． as．．． 把……称作……
◎in/with reference to 关于；就……而言
reference books/material 参考书/参考资料
◎I am writing to ask for information in/with reference to what kinds of traditional Chinese cultures appeal to foreigners most．
我写信想了解关于什么样的中国传统文化最吸引外国人的相关信息。
2．base vt．以……为据点；以……为基础 n．底部；根据[based adj．以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的 basic adj．基本的；基础的 basis n．基础 basically adv．大体上；基本上]
◎base．．． on/upon．．． 　　 把……建立在……的基础上
be based on/upon．．． 以……为基础
◎on a daily/regular basis 每天/定期
on the basis of 根据……
◎(2025·全国二卷)Our editorial team works on a regular basis to prepare content，and your contribution is highly valued．
我们的编辑团队定期进行内容筹备，你的投稿备受重视。
3．major adj．主要的；重要的；大的 vi．主修，专门研究 n．主修课程；主修学生(majority n．大部分；大多数)
◎major in 主修……
◎a/the majority of 大多数
in a/the majority 占大多数
◎(2025·全国一卷)Although these campaigns were widespread，the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car．
尽管这些运动很普遍，但现实情况是，大多数西方城市都是围绕汽车的需求进行了彻底的重新设计。
4．means n．方法；方式；途径
a means of　 　 一种……的方法(means的单复数同形)
by all means 一定；务必；当然(可以)
by means of．．． 借助……手段；依靠……方法
by this means 通过这种方法
by no means 决不，无论如何也不，一点都不
(置于句首时，句子要部分倒装)
◎(2025·全国一卷)I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication．
当我走进教室时，我相信写作是一种重要的交流方式。
5．appreciate vt．欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi．增值(appreciation n．欣赏；感激 appreciative adj．感激的；欣赏的)
◎appreciate＋n．/pron．/v．-ing 重视/感激……
I would appreciate it if．．．＝I would be grateful if．．．
假如……，我将不胜感激。
◎express/convey one's appreciation(for sth．)to sb．
表达(因某事)对某人的感激之情
◎(2025·全国二卷)We'd appreciate it if the final version could be shared by Friday．
如能在周五前收到最终稿，我们将不胜感激。
6．struggle n． & vi．斗争；奋斗；搏斗
◎struggle for．．． 　　 为……而斗争/奋斗
struggle with/against sb．/sth． 与某人/某事做斗争
struggle to do sth． 努力做某事
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
◎it is a struggle (for sb．) to do sth． (对于某人而言)做某事真是困难
◎(2025·全国二卷)Instead of correcting others when they were struggling to pronounce my name，I just smiled and nodded approvingly．
当别人正试着费力地念出我的名字时，我不会纠正他们，而是微笑着赞许地点点头。
7．equal n．同等的人；相等物 adj．相同的；同样的；平等的；相当的；能胜任的 vt．与……相等，等于；比得上(equality n．平等；相等 equally adv．同样地；相等地；平均地)
◎be equal to (doing) sth． 　 等于；胜任(做)某事
be equal to sb． 与某人平等
◎equal sb． /sth． in (doing) sth． 在(做)某事上比得上……
◎without/have no equal 无与伦比；无人能及
without/have no equal in (doing) sth． 在(做)某事上无人能比
◎(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I hold the firm belief that such experiences have no equal in helping us grow as artists．
我坚信，这样的经历在帮助我们成长为艺术家方面是无与伦比的。
8．demand n．需求；要求 vt．强烈要求；需要 vi．查问(demanding adj．苛求的；要求高的)
◎be in (great) demand 　　 有(迫切)需求
meet/satisfy one's demand(s) 满足某人的需求
the demand for．．． 对……的需求
◎demand to do sth． 要求做某事
demand of sb． to do sth． 要求某人做某事
◎demand that．．． (should) do sth． 要求……做某事
◎(2024·全国甲卷)In recent years，shared bicycles have become increasingly popular，meeting the demand for convenient and eco-friendly transportation．
近年来，共享自行车越来越受欢迎，满足了对方便、环保的交通工具的需求。
9．date back (to．．．)追溯到
◎date from．．． 　　　 追溯到……
date/go back to．．． 追溯到……
◎out of date 过时的，陈旧的
up to date 最新的；现代的；新式的
to date 到目前为止
◎Chinese tea culture dates back to thousands of years ago and drinking tea gradually became a tradition．
中国的茶文化可以追溯到几千年前，饮茶逐渐成为一种传统。
1．It was exercise for the brain；the more I learnt of a language，the more my brain would grow． (the＋比较级．．．the＋比较级．．．)
这是对大脑的锻炼；我对一门语言了解得越多，我的大脑就发育得越好。
2．I used to get high marks in English，but now I'm having a lot of trouble with my listening．(have trouble with sth．)
过去我英语经常能考高分，但现在我在听力方面有很多困难。
3．There are many reasons why this has been possible，but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system． (“the reason ＋why”引导定语从句)
其存续的原因颇多，但主要因素之一是汉字的书写体系。
4．Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China's present is connected with its past． (“介词＋which”引导定语从句)
汉字也成为连接中国现在与过去的一个重要媒介。
5．be of＋抽象名词
That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture．
那个书写体系对于中国人民与中国文化的统一具有非凡的意义。
◎“be of＋抽象名词”相当于“be＋形容词”，这一结构可以说明主语的性质。
◎常见的抽象名词有importance，value，use，help，benefit，significance等，这些名词可用great，little，some，any，no，much等修饰，用以说明程度。
◎From my point of view，keeping the balance between online learning and our life is of great importance/is very important．
在我看来，保持在线学习和我们生活的平衡非常重要。
◎The majority of students consider that watching English movies is of much benefit to /is very beneficial to their English learning．
大多数学生都认为观看英语电影对他们的英语学习非常有益。
6．“no matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句
Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing．
即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人仍然能通过书写(文字)进行交流。
◎“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，可放在主句前或主句后。
◎whenever，wherever，however，whatever引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter when/where/how/what。
◎(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I've come to accept that whatever/no matter what goals I set for myself，they just have to be my own．
我已经开始接受，无论我为自己设定了什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的目标。
◎(2023·浙江1月卷)No matter when/Whenever you travel，it's a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance．
无论你什么时候旅行，最好至少提前90天预订。
Ⅰ．重点词汇对点练
1．refer
①There are varieties of ____________(refer) books which I am often confused to choose from．
②As the situation was unusual，he referred the matter ____________ the editor．
③我认为遇到新词就查阅字典是不可取的。
As far as I am concerned，it's not advisable ________________________ whenever you come across a new word．
④(应用文写作之传统文化)剪纸通常用于装饰门窗，因此有时被称为窗花。
Generally，the paper-cuts are used to decorate doors and windows，and thus sometimes ________________________________________ Window Flower．
2．base
①The technology you're using and enjoying today is a ____________ (base) form of AI which can't think independently without programming．
②(北师大版选择性必修第三册Unit 8)His travels were the ____________ (base)for his works of more than 2，000 poems，of which approximately 1，800 are still read today．
③这些天，我和我的同学一起根据英语课文改编了一个短剧。
These days，I，together with my classmates，have adapted a short play ____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________．
④(应用文写作之通知)为了鼓励学生定期锻炼，我们学校特举办此次活动。
____________________________________________________________________，
our school specially holds this activity．
3．major
①Inspired by the beauty of Chinese characters，I will major ____________ calligraphy at university in the future．
②Statistics show that the ____________(major) of teenagers rely on digital devices for information，highlighting the need for media literacy education．
③为我投票的人占大多数，因此我被选为学生会主席。
Those who have voted for me ____________________，so I am elected as chairman of the Student Council．
4．means
①(外研版选择性必修第一册Unit 2)I honour endurance，perseverance，industry，talent；because these are the means ____________ which men achieve great ends．
②首先，想尽一切办法与全球变暖作斗争，全球变暖已经成为海洋生物的巨大威胁。
First，________________________________________________，which has become a great threat to sea creatures．
③(应用文写作之建议信)只有通过均衡饮食、定期锻炼，你才能既保持体形又保持健康。
Only ____________________________________________________________ as well as stay healthy．
④没有心地善良的Paul帮忙，马克绝不能赤手空拳把狼吓跑。
Mac could ____________________________________ with bare hands without the help of kind-hearted Paul．
→____________________________________ with bare hands without the help of kind-hearted Paul． (倒装)
5．appreciate
①(外研版选择性必修第二册Unit 6)However they adapt to our ways of urban living，it's important that we get a better understanding of and even learn ____________(appreciate) our wild neighbours．
②(应用文写作之感谢信)我写信表达我对你的感激之情，感谢你为我在伦敦逗留期间所做的一切。
I'm writing ____________________________________ what you have done for me during my stay in London．
③I would be very grateful if you could reply to me at your earliest convenience．
→________________________ if you could reply to me at your earliest convenience．
6．struggle
①Some farmers would like to leave their hometown and go to work in cities，struggling ____________ (provide) a better education for their children．
②At that time，China had to struggle ____________ all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad．
③从现在起，你应该为你的梦想而奋斗，你就会获得北京语言大学的录取通知书。
From now on，you should ____________________________________ and you will get the acceptance letter from Beijing Language and Culture University．
④(读后续写之主旨升华)就我个人而言，一个人做点好事并不难，但难的是一辈子做好事。
As far as I'm concerned，it is not hard for one to do a bit of good，but ____________________________________ for a lifetime．
7．equal
①Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides ____________ (equal)contact and share with one another．
②From my point of view，he is ____________ equal in playing basketball．
③(应用文写作之申请信)首先，没人在英语口语方面比得过我。同样重要的是，我擅长与他人交流。因此，我坚信我能胜任志愿者的工作。
Firstly，nobody can ____________________________________． _____________
_____________________________________ is that I am good at communicating with others． So I hold the firm belief that ________________________ as a volunteer．
8．demand
①(译林版选择性必修第三册Unit 2)The routine tasks that occupy most of the day are ____________(demand)，but they can also be extremely rewarding．
②As new members are ____________ demand in our basketball club，I'm writing to invite you to join it．
③一些学生要求被提供更好的宿舍住宿条件。为了满足他们的需求，校董事会承诺会给他们配备空调和独立的卫生间，但是也要求他们要遵守使用规则。
Some students ________________________ better living conditions in their dormitories． ____________________________，the school board promised to equip their rooms with air conditioners and private bathrooms，but also demanded that ____________________________________．
9．date back (to．．．)
①(外研版必修第二册Unit 4)____________ (date) back to the 18th century，Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history．
②(应用文写作之推荐信)我向你强烈推荐的旅游景点是始于公元前478年的孔庙。
The tourist attraction I strongly recommend to you is Confucius Temple ________________________________ 478 BCE．(定语从句)
→The tourist attraction I strongly recommend to you is Confucius Temple ________________________ 478 BCE．(分词短语作定语)
③虽然一些学生可能认为传统的教学方法已经过时，但教育工作者应努力保持知识与时俱进，以满足现代学习需求。
While traditional teaching methods may seem ____________________ to some students，educators should make efforts to keep their knowledge ____________________ to meet modern learning demands．
Ⅱ．高频词汇精准练
1．The ____________(describe) of the painting was so vivid that I felt I was standing in front of it．
2．____________ (specific) speaking，I am expressing my ____________ (appreciate) to you for your effort in the rescue work．
3．Such structured thinking，followed by __________(globe) regulation，will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall．
4．Though ____________(major) in engineering，the lady made every effort to learn calligraphy which is ____________ (regard) as an art form．
5．There is no denying that human beings have suffered a lot on account of ____________(variety) of disasters．
6．The differences between print and digital reading results are partly ____________(relate) to paper's physical properties．
7．Students should have a proper attitude ____________ college before thinking about which college to attend．
Ⅲ．多义词汇语段练(依次写出语段中黑体单词的词性及含义)
1．His latest book creates several typical characters of Chinese women，each of whom has a strong character．It is a book of romantic character．However，this book is available only in Chinese characters，not in other languages．
①________________　②___________________
③________________　④______________________
2．Based on his oral instruction，I successfully found the base of their company，which was actually an apartment located at the edge of the town．Inside the apartment，I saw an old lamp with a heavy base．
①________________　②___________________
③________________
3．In international relations，mutual regard is essential for maintaining peace． When leaders regard cultural differences as opportunities rather than obstacles，global cooperation becomes possible．
①________________　②_____________________
Ⅳ．写作句式迁移练
1．我们应该记住：我们越努力学习，我们取得的进步就会越大。(the＋比较级．．．the＋比较级．．．)
We should keep in mind that _____________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________．
2．无论面临什么困难，我们都必须继续下去。(no matter what．．．)
We must go on _________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________．
3．一个和睦的家庭对于孩子的全面发展是有益的。(be of＋抽象名词)
A harmonious family __________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________ a child's all-round development．
4．我实在不能理解她为什么对我撒谎，我一直很信任她。(why引导定语从句)
I really can't understand the reason ________________________，whom I always have confidence in．
5．搜集材料花了我们整整一周的时间，在此期间我们采访了我们的老师并拍摄了学校生活的各个方面的照片。(“介词＋which”引导定语从句)
Collecting material took us a whole week，
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________．
学校英文报正在开展以“Learning English Beyond the Classroom”为题的讨论。请你使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1．学习活动状况描述；
2．简单评论；
3．你的建议。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
①学生在课堂之外采用各种各样的方法学习英语。(means；beyond)
Students adopt ____________________________________ the classroom．
②虽然从某种程度上来说，不同的方法具有同等重要性，但大部分学生(65%)选择听英语歌曲。(equal；majority；状语从句和be＋of＋n．)
____________________________________________________________________
to some degree，___________________________________________________—
65%—choose to listen to English songs．
③50%的学生看英语电影，只有18%的学生读英语书籍，12%的学生浏览英语学习网站。(appreciate)
50% of the students ______________________，only 18% read English books and 12% visit English-learning websites．
④虽然学生的需求不同，但多亏了现代科技的发展，不管他们喜欢怎样学习英语，学生最终都能对自己的学习感到满意。(demand；eventually；no matter＋疑问词)
____________________________________，thanks to the development of modern technology，____________________________________，they can ____________________________________________________________________．
⑤在我看来，学生应该花更多的时间读英语书籍，浏览英语学习网站。(point of view)
________________________，students should spend more time reading English books and visiting English-learning websites．
把以上句子用适当的过渡词和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文。
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形容词/名词 warm，warmth，relief，relieved，gratified，comforting，comfort，coziness 动词 warm，relieve 副词 warmly
语块 ①to one's relief使某人欣慰的是 ②a mixture of warmth and relief一种温暖与释然交织的感觉③breathe a sigh of relief/sigh with relief松了口气 ④feel a surge of relief如释重负 ⑤with relief如释重负地；欣慰地
微情景1　“克服学习困难”——突破障碍后的“温暖、欣慰”
①________________________(她轻轻地叹了口气，无灵主语) as the French tutor nodded approvingly． “You've mastered the subjunctive tense！” he said ②____________(warm)． ③____________________________(一种温暖与释然交织的感觉，无灵主语) flooded through Maria—those sleepless nights practicing conjugations had finally paid off． The elderly tutor ④____________(beam)，watching his hesitant student transform into a confident speaker． ⑤________________________(令Maria欣慰的是，介词短语)，the classroom no longer felt intimidating but welcoming，each corrected pronunciation now a stepping stone rather than a stumbling block．
微情景2　“跨文化交际”——跨文化互助的“温暖、欣慰”
When the Japanese exchange student ①________________________(松了口气) after pronouncing “rural” correctly for the tenth time，Liam ②________________________(感到如释重负) himself． “Your progress is amazing，” Tom said，③____________________________________(他温暖的声音充满鼓励)． The study session ended with them sharing matcha cookies，the afternoon sun painting the library table gold． ④________________________(让两人都欣慰的是，介词短语)，what began as a language partnership had blossomed into friendship—every mispronounced word now an inside joke，every cultural misunderstanding a bridge rebuilt with patience and shared ⑤____________(warm)．
必修第一册　UNIT 5
自查区　单元词句精练
Ⅰ．1．①reference　②to　③to refer to a dictionary　④they are referred to as
2．①basic　②basis　③(which is) based on/upon the English text　④To encourage students to exercise on a regular basis
3．①in　②majority　③are in the/a majority
4．①by　②try every means to fight against global warming　③by means of balanced diets and regular exercise can you keep your figure　④by no means scare off/away the wolf；By no means could Mac scare off/away the wolf
5．①to appreciate　②to express/convey my appreciation for　③I would really appreciate it
6．①to provide　②against/with　③struggle for your dream　④it's a struggle to do good
7．①equally　②without　③equal me in oral English；What is equally important；I am equal to the job
8．①demanding　②in　③demanded to be provided with；To meet/satisfy their demands；they (should) observe the using regulations
9．①Dating　②that/which dates back to；dating back to　③out of date；up to date
Ⅱ．1．description　2．Specifically；appreciation　3．global　4．majoring；regarded　5．varieties　6．related　7．to/towards
Ⅲ．1．①n．人物，角色　②n．性格，品质　③n．特点，特色　④n．文字　2．①adj．以……为根据的　②n．据点，基地；大本营　③n．底部；底座　3．①n．尊重　②vt．把……视为；看待
Ⅳ．1．the harder we study，the greater progress we will make　2．no matter what difficulties we face　3．is of benefit to　4．why she told lies to me　5．during which we interviewed our teachers and took pictures of every aspect of school life
练表达　主题引领写作
应用文写作
完成句子
①a wide variety of means to learn English beyond　②Though different methods are of equal importance；the majority of the students　③appreciate English movies　④Despite the students' different demands；no matter how they like to learn English；be satisfied with their study eventually　⑤From my point of view
组句成篇
Learning English Beyond the Classroom
There are many things we can do to learn English well． As the chart shows，students adopt a wide variety of means to learn English beyond the classroom．
Though different methods are of equal importance to some degree，the majority of the students— 65%—choose to listen to English songs． 50% of the students appreciate English movies，only 18% read English books and 12%visit English learning websites． Despite the students' different demands，thanks to the development of modern technology，no matter how they like to learn English，they can be satisfied with their study eventually．
From my point of view，students should spend more time reading English books and visiting English learning websites．
读后续写
语料运用
微情景1　①A soft sigh escaped her lips　②warmly　③A mixture of warmth and relief　④beamed　⑤To Maria's relief
微情景2　①breathed a sigh of relief　②felt a surge of relief　③his voice warm with encouragement　④To both their relief　⑤warmth
14/14(共132张PPT)
必修第一册　UNIT 5　LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
第一部分 教材知识讲练
单元主题串记
自学区——单元词句复盘
1．refer vi．(referred；referred；referring)提到；参考；查阅 vt．查询；叫……求助于(reference n．指称关系；参考)
◎refer to 指的是；描述；提到；查阅
refer...to... 把……提交给……；让(人)参考……
refer to...as... 把……称作……
◎in/with reference to 关于；就……而言
reference books/material 参考书/参考资料
◎I am writing to ask for information in/with reference to what kinds of traditional Chinese cultures appeal to foreigners most．
我写信想了解关于什么样的中国传统文化最吸引外国人的相关信息。
2．base vt．以……为据点；以……为基础 n．底部；根据[based adj．以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的 basic adj．基本的；基础的 basis n．基础 basically adv．大体上；基本上]
◎base...on/upon... 把……建立在……的基础上
be based on/upon... 以……为基础
◎on a daily/regular basis 每天/定期
on the basis of 根据……
◎(2025·全国二卷)Our editorial team works on a regular basis to prepare content，and your contribution is highly valued．
我们的编辑团队定期进行内容筹备，你的投稿备受重视。
3．major adj．主要的；重要的；大的 vi．主修，专门研究 n．主修课程；主修学生(majority n．大部分；大多数)
◎major in　　 主修……
◎a/the majority of 大多数
in a/the majority 占大多数
◎(2025·全国一卷)Although these campaigns were widespread，the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car．
尽管这些运动很普遍，但现实情况是，大多数西方城市都是围绕汽车的需求进行了彻底的重新设计。
4．means n．方法；方式；途径
a means of 一种……的方法(means的单复数同形)
by all means 一定；务必；当然(可以)
by means of... 借助……手段；依靠……方法
by this means 通过这种方法
by no means 决不，无论如何也不，一点都不
(置于句首时，句子要部分倒装)
◎(2025·全国一卷)I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication．
当我走进教室时，我相信写作是一种重要的交流方式。
5．appreciate vt．欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi．增值(appreciation n．欣赏；感激 appreciative adj．感激的；欣赏的)
◎appreciate＋n．/pron．/v．-ing 重视/感激……
I would appreciate it if...＝I would be grateful if...
假如……，我将不胜感激。
◎express/convey one's appreciation(for sth．)to sb．
表达(因某事)对某人的感激之情
【思维拓展】　“动词＋it＋宾语从句”
情感动词牢牢记，appreciate、hate、love莫遗弃；
使役动词have、take需留意，形式宾语it不能离；
when、if从句未相遇，it先行引导要明晰；
owe、depend等其他词，加it过渡更地道流利。(教师独具)
◎(2025·全国二卷)We'd appreciate it if the final version could be shared by Friday．
如能在周五前收到最终稿，我们将不胜感激。
6．struggle n．& vi．斗争；奋斗；搏斗
◎struggle for... 为……而斗争/奋斗
struggle with/against sb．/sth． 与某人/某事做斗争
struggle to do sth． 努力做某事
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
◎it is a struggle (for sb．) to do sth． (对于某人而言)做某事真是困难
◎(2025·全国二卷)Instead of correcting others when they were struggling to pronounce my name，I just smiled and nodded approvingly．
当别人正试着费力地念出我的名字时，我不会纠正他们，而是微笑着赞许地点点头。
7．equal n．同等的人；相等物 adj．相同的；同样的；平等的；相当的；能胜任的 vt．与……相等， 等于；比得上(equality n．平等；相等 equally adv．同样地；相等地；平均地)
◎be equal to (doing) sth． 等于；胜任(做)某事
be equal to sb． 与某人平等
◎equal sb．/sth．in (doing) sth． 在(做)某事上比得上……
◎without/have no equal 无与伦比；无人能及
without/have no equal in (doing) sth． 在(做)某事上无人能比
◎(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I hold the firm belief that such experiences have no equal in helping us grow as artists．
我坚信，这样的经历在帮助我们成长为艺术家方面是无与伦比的。
8．demand n．需求；要求 vt．强烈要求；需要 vi．查问(demanding adj．苛求的；要求高的)
◎be in (great) demand 有(迫切)需求
meet/satisfy one's demand(s) 满足某人的需求
the demand for... 对……的需求
◎demand to do sth． 要求做某事
demand of sb．to do sth． 要求某人做某事
◎demand that...(should) do sth． 要求……做某事
◎(2024·全国甲卷)In recent years，shared bicycles have become increasingly popular，meeting the demand for convenient and eco-friendly transportation．
近年来，共享自行车越来越受欢迎，满足了对方便、环保的交通工具的需求。
9．date back (to...)追溯到
◎date from... 追溯到……
date/go back to... 追溯到……
◎out of date 过时的，陈旧的
up to date 最新的；现代的；新式的
to date 到目前为止
【思维拓展】
(1)date back to和date from两者均没有被动语态，常用于一般现在时，不用于进行时。
(2)date back to和date from作定语或状语时常用动词-ing形式。(教师独具)
◎Chinese tea culture dates back to thousands of years ago and drinking tea gradually became a tradition．
中国的茶文化可以追溯到几千年前，饮茶逐渐成为一种传统。
1．It was exercise for the brain；the more I learnt of a language，the more my brain would grow．(the＋比较级...the＋比较级...)
这是对大脑的锻炼；我对一门语言了解得越多，我的大脑就发育得越好。
2．I used to get high marks in English，but now I'm having a lot of trouble with my listening．(have trouble with sth．)
过去我英语经常能考高分，但现在我在听力方面有很多困难。
3．There are many reasons why this has been possible，but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system．(“the reason ＋why”引导定语从句)
其存续的原因颇多，但主要因素之一是汉字的书写体系。
4．Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China's present is connected with its past．(“介词＋which”引导定语从句)
汉字也成为连接中国现在与过去的一个重要媒介。
5．be of＋抽象名词
That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture．
那个书写体系对于中国人民与中国文化的统一具有非凡的意义。
◎“be of＋抽象名词”相当于“be＋形容词”， 这一结构可以说明主语的性质。
◎常见的抽象名词有importance，value，use，help，benefit，significance等， 这些名词可用great，little，some，any，no，much等修饰， 用以说明程度。
◎From my point of view，keeping the balance between online learning and our life is of great importance/is very important．
在我看来， 保持在线学习和我们生活的平衡非常重要。
◎The majority of students consider that watching English movies is of much benefit to /is very beneficial to their English learning．
大多数学生都认为观看英语电影对他们的英语学习非常有益。
6．“no matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句
Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing．
即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人仍然能通过书写(文字)进行交流。
◎“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，可放在主句前或主句后。
◎whenever，wherever，however，whatever引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter when/where/how/what。
◎(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I've come to accept that whatever/no matter what goals I set for myself，they just have to be my own．
我已经开始接受，无论我为自己设定了什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的目标。
◎(2023·浙江1月卷)No matter when/Whenever you travel，it's a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance．
无论你什么时候旅行，最好至少提前90天预订。
自查区——单元词句精炼
Ⅰ．重点词汇对点练
1．refer
①There are varieties of _________(refer) books which I am often confused to choose from．
②As the situation was unusual，he referred the matter __ the editor．
③我认为遇到新词就查阅字典是不可取的。
As far as I am concerned，it's not advisable ____________________ whenever you come across a new word．
reference
to
to refer to a dictionary
④(应用文写作之传统文化)剪纸通常用于装饰门窗， 因此有时被称为窗花。
Generally，the paper-cuts are used to decorate doors and windows，and thus sometimes ___________________ Window Flower．
they are referred to as
2．base
①The technology you're using and enjoying today is a _____ (base) form of AI which can't think independently without programming．
②(北师大版选择性必修第三册Unit 8)His travels were the _____ (base)for his works of more than 2，000 poems，of which approximately 1，800 are still read today．
basic
basis
③这些天，我和我的同学一起根据英语课文改编了一个短剧。
These days，I，together with my classmates，have adapted a short play ________________________________________．
④(应用文写作之通知)为了鼓励学生定期锻炼，我们学校特举办此次活动。
_____________________________________________，our school specially holds this activity．
(which is) based on/upon the English text
To encourage students to exercise on a regular basis
3．major
①Inspired by the beauty of Chinese characters，I will major __ calligraphy at university in the future．
②Statistics show that the _________(major) of teenagers rely on digital devices for information，highlighting the need for media literacy education．
in
majority
③为我投票的人占大多数，因此我被选为学生会主席。
Those who have voted for me ____________________，so I am elected as chairman of the Student Council．
are in the/a majority
4．means
①(外研版选择性必修第一册Unit 2)I honour endurance，perseverance，industry，talent；because these are the means __ which men achieve great ends．
②首先，想尽一切办法与全球变暖作斗争，全球变暖已经成为海洋生物的巨大威胁。
First，___________________________________________，which has become a great threat to sea creatures．
by
try every means to fight against global warming
③(应用文写作之建议信)只有通过均衡饮食、定期锻炼，你才能既保持体形又保持健康。
Only ____________________________________________________
____________ as well as stay healthy．
④没有心地善良的Paul帮忙，马克绝不能赤手空拳把狼吓跑。
Mac could _________________________________ with bare hands without the help of kind-hearted Paul．
→___________________________________________ with bare hands without the help of kind-hearted Paul．(倒装)
by means of balanced diets and regular exercise can you keep your figure
by no means scare off/away the wolf
By no means could Mac scare off/away the wolf
5．appreciate
①(外研版选择性必修第二册Unit 6)However they adapt to our ways of urban living，it's important that we get a better understanding of and even learn ____________(appreciate) our wild neighbours．
②(应用文写作之感谢信)我写信表达我对你的感激之情，感谢你为我在伦敦逗留期间所做的一切。
I'm writing ___________________________________ what you have done for me during my stay in London．
to appreciate
to express/convey my appreciation for
③I would be very grateful if you could reply to me at your earliest convenience．
→__________________________ if you could reply to me at your earliest convenience．
I would really appreciate it
6．struggle
①Some farmers would like to leave their hometown and go to work in cities，struggling _________ (provide) a better education for their children．
②At that time，China had to struggle ______________ all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad．
to provide
against/with
③从现在起，你应该为你的梦想而奋斗，你就会获得北京语言大学的录取通知书。
From now on，you should _____________________ and you will get the acceptance letter from Beijing Language and Culture University．
④(读后续写之主旨升华)就我个人而言，一个人做点好事并不难，但难的是一辈子做好事。
As far as I'm concerned，it is not hard for one to do a bit of good，but ______________________ for a lifetime．
struggle for your dream
it's a struggle to do good
7．equal
①Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides _______ (equal)contact and share with one another．
②From my point of view，he is ________ equal in playing basketball．
equally
without
③(应用文写作之申请信)首先，没人在英语口语方面比得过我。同样重要的是，我擅长与他人交流。因此，我坚信我能胜任志愿者的工作。
Firstly，nobody can ______________________．_________________
___________ is that I am good at communicating with others．So I hold the firm belief that __________________ as a volunteer．
equal me in oral English
What is equally
important
I am equal to the job
8．demand
①(译林版选择性必修第三册Unit 2)The routine tasks that occupy most of the day are __________(demand)，but they can also be extremely rewarding．
②As new members are __ demand in our basketball club，I'm writing to invite you to join it．
demanding
in
③一些学生要求被提供更好的宿舍住宿条件。为了满足他们的需求，校董事会承诺会给他们配备空调和独立的卫生间，但是也要求他们要遵守使用规则。
Some students __________________________ better living conditions in their dormitories．__________________________，the school board promised to equip their rooms with air conditioners and private bathrooms，but also demanded that _____________________________
_____________．
demanded to be provided with
To meet/satisfy their demands
they (should) observe the using
regulations
9．date back (to...)
①(外研版必修第二册Unit 4)_______ (date) back to the 18th century，Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history．
②(应用文写作之推荐信)我向你强烈推荐的旅游景点是始于公元前478年的孔庙。
The tourist attraction I strongly recommend to you is Confucius Temple _______________________ 478 BCE．(定语从句)
→The tourist attraction I strongly recommend to you is Confucius Temple ____________ 478 BCE．(分词短语作定语)
Dating
that/which dates back to
dating back to
③虽然一些学生可能认为传统的教学方法已经过时，但教育工作者应努力保持知识与时俱进，以满足现代学习需求。
While traditional teaching methods may seem _________ to some students，educators should make efforts to keep their knowledge ________ to meet modern learning demands．
out of date
up to date
Ⅱ．高频词汇精准练
1．The ___________(describe) of the painting was so vivid that I felt I was standing in front of it．
2．___________________ (specific) speaking，I am expressing my ____________ (appreciate) to you for your effort in the rescue work．
3．Such structured thinking，followed by ______(globe) regulation，will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall．
description
Specifically
appreciation
global
4．Though _________(major) in engineering，the lady made every effort to learn calligraphy which is ________ (regard) as an art form．
5．There is no denying that human beings have suffered a lot on account of _________(variety) of disasters．
6．The differences between print and digital reading results are partly _______(relate) to paper's physical properties．
7．Students should have a proper attitude ____________ college before thinking about which college to attend．
majoring
regarded
varieties
related
to/towards
Ⅲ．多义词汇语段练(依次写出语段中黑体单词的词性及含义)
1．His latest book creates several typical characters of Chinese women，each of whom has a strong character．It is a book of romantic character．However，this book is available only in Chinese characters，not in other languages．
①_____________　②_____________　
③_____________　④_______
n．人物，角色
n．性格，品质
n．特点，特色
n．文字
2．Based on his oral instruction，I successfully found the base of their company，which was actually an apartment located at the edge of the town．Inside the apartment，I saw an old lamp with a heavy base．
①___________________　
②_____________________　
③_____________
adj．以……为根据的
n．据点，基地；大本营
n．底部；底座
3．In international relations，mutual regard is essential for maintaining peace．When leaders regard cultural differences as opportunities rather than obstacles，global cooperation becomes possible．
①_______　②____________________
n．尊重
vt．把……视为；看待
Ⅳ．写作句式迁移练
1．我们应该记住：我们越努力学习，我们取得的进步就会越大。(the＋比较级...the＋比较级...)
We should keep in mind that ___________________________________
___________________．
2．无论面临什么困难，我们都必须继续下去。(no matter what...)
We must go on _________________________________．
the harder we study，the greater progress we will make
no matter what difficulties we face
3．一个和睦的家庭对于孩子的全面发展是有益的。(be of＋抽象名词)
A harmonious family _____________ a child's all-round development．
4．我实在不能理解她为什么对我撒谎，我一直很信任她。(why引导定语从句)
I really can't understand the reason ____________________，whom I always have confidence in．
is of benefit to
why she told lies to me
5．搜集材料花了我们整整一周的时间，在此期间我们采访了我们的老师并拍摄了学校生活的各个方面的照片。(“介词＋which”引导定语从句)
Collecting material took us a whole week，________________________
________________________________________________________．
during which we interviewed our teachers and took pictures of every aspect of school life
Ⅴ．阅读词汇语境练(写出句中黑体词的词性及含义)(教师独具)
1．The Chinese government has invested billions of dollars in renewable energy projects to combat climate change． _______
2．Archaeologists discovered ancient human bones that provided new insights into early civilizations． _________________
3．The children collected colorful shells along the beach during their summer vacation． _____________
n．十亿
n．骨头；骨(质)
n．壳；壳状物
4．In Dunhuang Mogao Caves，ancient craftsmen carved countless Buddhist figures into the cliffs，creating a magnificent gallery of religious art that has endured for centuries． ________
5．The porcelain produced during the Ming Dynasty is highly valued by collectors worldwide． _____________
6．Learning Chinese calligraphy not only improves handwriting but also cultivates patience and concentration． _________________
vt．雕刻
n．王朝；朝代
n．书法；书法艺术
7．Students are required to submit their research proposals by the end of this semester． _______
8．The rising petrol prices have prompted many drivers to consider switching to electric vehicles． _______
9．The newly built subway line has significantly reduced traffic congestion in the city center． _______
n．学期
n．汽油
n．地铁
10．Young professionals often prefer renting apartments near business districts for convenience． ___________
11．British tourists might get confused when Americans refer to trousers as “pants”． _______
12．The government has implemented policies to bridge the wealth gap between urban and rural areas． _______
n．公寓套房
n．裤子
n．差距
练表达——主题引领写作
学校英文报正在开展以“Learning English Beyond the Classroom”为题的讨论。请你使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1．学习活动状况描述；
2．简单评论；
3．你的建议。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
①学生在课堂之外采用各种各样的方法学习英语。(means；beyond)
Students adopt _______________________________________________ the classroom．
②虽然从某种程度上来说，不同的方法具有同等重要性，但大部分学生(65%)选择听英语歌曲。(equal；majority；状语从句和be＋of＋n．)
_____________________________________________ to some degree，_________________________— 65%—choose to listen to English songs．
a wide variety of means to learn English beyond
Though different methods are of equal importance
the majority of the students
③50%的学生看英语电影，只有18%的学生读英语书籍，12%的学生浏览英语学习网站。(appreciate)
50% of the students ___________________________，only 18% read English books and 12% visit English-learning websites．
appreciate English movies
④虽然学生的需求不同，但多亏了现代科技的发展，不管他们喜欢怎样学习英语，学生最终都能对自己的学习感到满意。(demand；eventually；no matter＋疑问词)
____________________________________________，thanks to the development of modern technology，____________________________
___________，they can ____________________________________．
Despite the students' different demands
no matter how they like to
learn English
be satisfied with their study eventually
⑤在我看来，学生应该花更多的时间读英语书籍，浏览英语学习网站。(point of view)
_______________________，students should spend more time reading English books and visiting English-learning websites．
From my point of view
把以上句子用适当的过渡词和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文。
Learning English Beyond the Classroom
There are many things we can do to learn English well．As the chart shows，students adopt a wide variety of means to learn English beyond the classroom．
Though different methods are of equal importance to some degree，the majority of the students— 65%—choose to listen to English songs．50% of the students appreciate English movies，only 18% read English books and 12%visit English-learning websites．Despite the students' different demands，thanks to the development of modern technology，no matter how they like to learn English，they can be satisfied with their study eventually．
From my point of view，students should spend more time reading English books and visiting English-learning websites．
形容词/名词 warm，warmth，relief，relieved，gratified，comforting，comfort，coziness 动词 warm，relieve 副词 warmly
语块 ①to one's relief使某人欣慰的是 ②a mixture of warmth and relief一种温暖与释然交织的感觉 ③breathe a sigh of relief/sigh with relief松了口气 ④feel a surge of relief如释重负 ⑤with relief如释重负地；欣慰地
微情景1　“克服学习困难”——突破障碍后的“温暖、欣慰”
①________________________(她轻轻地叹了口气，无灵主语) as the French tutor nodded approvingly．“You've mastered the subjunctive tense！” he said ②_______________(warm)．③_____________________________(一种温暖与释然交织的感觉，无灵主语) flooded through Maria—those sleepless nights practicing conjugations had finally paid off．The elderly tutor ④_______(beam)，
A soft sigh escaped her lips
warmly
A mixture of warmth and relief
beamed
watching his hesitant student transform into a confident speaker．⑤__________________(令Maria欣慰的是，介词短语)，the classroom no longer felt intimidating but welcoming，each corrected pronunciation now a stepping stone rather than a stumbling block．
To Maria's relief
微情景2　“跨文化交际”——跨文化互助的“温暖、欣慰”
When the Japanese exchange student ①____________________(松了口气) after pronouncing “rural” correctly for the tenth time，Liam ②__________________(感到如释重负) himself．“Your progress is amazing，” Tom said，③_________________________________(他温暖的声音充满鼓励)．The study session ended with them sharing matcha cookies，the afternoon sun painting the library table gold．④__________________ (让两人都欣慰的是，介词短语)， what began
breathed a sigh of relief
felt a surge of relief
his voice warm with encouragement
To both their relief
as a language partnership had blossomed into friendship—every mispronounced word now an inside joke，every cultural misunderstanding a bridge rebuilt with patience and shared ⑤________(warm)．
warmth
题型组合练(六)
(建议用时：45分钟　总分：50分)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·山东济宁三模)
Understanding a simple-looking English sentence such as “I read this article yesterday” actually requires some complicated conceptual computation：a subject (“I”) performed an action (“read”) on an
object (“article”) at a specific time (“yesterday”)．But the human brain routinely does this work nearly at once based on the language's grammatical rules，says linguist Andrea E．Martin．And Martin's team has now found that the human brain can accommodate fundamental grammatical differences across languages by adjusting how it processes each sentence．
In a recent study in PLOS Biology，the researchers observed variations in Dutch-speaking participants' brain waves while they listened to a Dutch-language audiobook．To visualize these changes，the scientists used a metric (指标) to quantify how many new “predictions” the brain makes of words that could come next in a sentence．This framework was then tested against three different parsing (语法分析的) strategies，or linguistic models that illustrate how the brain builds information over time．
Previous English-based studies with a similar set-up concluded in favor of a model where listeners “wait and see” how each phrase in a sentence will end before interpreting it．But the Dutch speakers in Martin's study leaned strongly towards a highly predictive model; participants tended to finish each phrase in their head preemptively before it was complete．(A third model，in which listeners wait to hear all of the phrases in a sentence before interpreting any part of it，is seldom used in either language．)
In Dutch language structure，verbs come near the end of a sentence rather than immediately after the subject like they do in English，while in Korean，the subject is usually left out and in Arabic verbs often come first．So flexibility is vital in processing different languages simply because they have different properties．
The findings support the need for scientists to include more diversity when crafting linguistic models．“This is going to help us capture how the brain is understanding the structured meaning of language，and the social application of language，” Martin says．“There's so much yet to be understood in the brain．”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了语言学家Andrea E．Martin团队的研究发现：人类大脑通过调整语法分析策略来适应不同语言的基本语法差异，并强调科学界需在语言模型中纳入更多多样性语言。
1．Why does the author cite the example in paragraph 1
A．To introduce a grammar rule．
B．To analyze an English sentence．
C．To bring in a new research finding．
D．To stress the complexity of human brain．
√
C　[推理判断题。根据第一段可知，作者开篇举例是为了引出Martin团队的新研究发现，即大脑处理不同语言的灵活性。故选C。]
2．What does the underlined word “preemptively” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．By accident． B．In advance．
C．On time． D．By mistake．
√
B　[词义猜测题。画线词上文说的是参与者需要在头脑中补全每一个句子，下文说的是在完成之前，可推理出此处说的是参与者倾向于在短语未完成时提前在脑中补全它，故可推出“preemptively”意思最接近in advance。故选B。]
3．Which sentence can match the Dutch language structure
A．Universe the about documentary saw．
B．Saw I a documentary about the universe．
C．I saw a documentary about the universe．
D．I a documentary about the universe saw．
√
D　[推理判断题。根据第四段中“In Dutch language structure，verbs come near the end of a sentence rather than immediately after the subject like they do in English”可知，荷兰语结构为“主语＋宾语＋动词”结构。选项D“I a documentary about the universe saw”为“主语I＋宾语a documentary＋动词saw”结构，符合荷兰语结构。故选D。]
4．What does Martin try to stress in the last paragraph
A．The challenges of brain researches．
B．The application of the present findings．
C．The purposes of different linguistic models．
D．The necessity to diversify subjects in studies．
√
D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The findings support the need for scientists to include more diversity when crafting linguistic models．”可知，这些发现支持了科学家在构建语言模型时需要纳入更多多样性的必要性，故可推出Martin强调研究中语言多样性的必要性。故选D。]
B
(2025·河北“五个一”名校联盟联考)
The claim that 93% of communication is nonverbal is a common misconception (错误认识)．This statistic actually comes from a misinterpretation of Albert Mehrabian's research in 1967．His studies focused on how people interpret conflicting signals，such as when words，tones，and facial expressions don't match．He found that in such cases，people tend to rely more on tones (38%) and facial expressions (55%) than on the actual words (7%)．However，this applies only to communication about feelings and attitudes，not to all forms of communication．
Mehrabian never intended for these percentages to be applied broadly．He has repeatedly clarified that words matter significantly in most contexts．The oversimplification of his research has led to the widespread misconception that nonverbal cues dominate all communication．This misconception can be misleading because it devalues the importance of words and oversimplifies the complexity of human interaction．
Focusing too much on body language while neglecting the power of words can be problematic．For example，in written communication or phone calls，where nonverbal cues are absent，words are the primary means of conveying meanings．
Nonverbal cues are powerful，but their importance depends on the situation．A raised eyebrow can mean skepticism，or confusion depending on the context．Language and body language work together．When they are in harmony，the message becomes clearer and more compelling．Conversely，when there is a mismatch between what is said and how it is expressed，puzzlement can arise．
Authenticity (真实性) is crucial in communication．People can sense when body language feels forced or inauthentic．Genuine engagement helps people react to each other well and makes communication effective．It is also important not to overinterpret nonverbal signals．For example，crossed arms might indicate discomfort，but they could just as easily mean the person is cold．
In conclusion，while nonverbal communication is undeniably important，it's not about memorizing percentages or rigid rules．It's about developing awareness of yourself，others，and the situation．Whether nonverbal cues account for 40%，60%，or 90% of communication，they deserve attention．The real power lies in how you apply them to connect authentically with others．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了关于非语言沟通占比93%的常见误解，并解释了这一统计数据的来源和局限性。文章强调了语言和非语言沟通的相互作用以及真实性在沟通中的重要性。
5．What can we know about the 93% nonverbal communication claim
A．It's based on accurate statistics．
B．It's widely considered to be a mistake．
C．It correctly reflects Mehrabian's research．
D．It misinterprets Mehrabian's research findings．
√
D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“The claim that 93% of communication is nonverbal is a common misconception ．This statistic actually comes from a misinterpretation of Albert Mehrabian's research in 1967．”可知，这一说法误解了Mehrabian的研究结果。故选D项。]
6．What will happen if there is a conflict between language and body language
A．The speakers will convey their ideas well．
B．The messages will be clearer than ever．
C．The confusion among the speakers will arise．
D．The listeners will understand each other better．
√
C　[细节理解题。根据第四段中“Conversely，when there is a mismatch between what is said and how it is expressed，puzzlement can arise．”可知，如果语言和肢体语言之间存在冲突，就会产生困惑。故选C项。]
7．How does authenticity function in communication
A．It leads to good interaction．
B．It over-interprets word signals．
C．It causes false communication．
D．It makes forced gestures effective．
√
A　[细节理解题。根据第五段中“Authenticity is crucial in communication．People can sense when body language feels forced or inauthentic．Genuine engagement helps people react to each other well and makes communication effective．”可知，真实性可以促进良好的互动。故选A项。]
8．Which of the following may be the best title for the text
A．The Misinterpretation of Statistics in Research
B．The Importance of Nonverbal Cues in Communication
C．Trying to Understand Different Rules of Communication
D．Breaking down Nonverbal Communication Misconceptions
√
D　[标题归纳题。文章主要探讨了关于非语言沟通占比93%的误解，解释了这一统计数据的来源和局限性，并强调了语言和非语言沟通的相互作用以及真实性在沟通中的重要性。因此，文章的最佳标题是D项“打破非语言沟通的误解”。故选D项。]
Ⅱ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
(2026·山东烟台模拟)
My odyssey of interpreting Adele's Rolling in the Deep commenced not with musical ambition but linguistic desperation．Having plateaued at IELTS 6.5 for three consecutive attempts，I 1 this soul-stricken anthem as a last-ditch effort to conquer the elusive realm of 2 English prosody，where semantic precision collides with raw emotional articulation．
The opening verse proved deceptively treacherous．While the lexical simplicity of “There's a fire starting in my heart” 3 novice learners，its delivery demands microsecond control over glottal stops—a phonetic subtlety 4 in Mandarin's syllable-timed structure．My vocal coach，observing my mechanical replication，remarked dryly：“You're enunciating fire，not 5 it．” This epiphany triggered weeks of 6 experimentation with breath control，as I discovered how alveolar tap in “reaching a fever pitch” could 7 cardiac palpitations when executed with Darwinian attention to the evolutionary psychology of mating calls．
Cultural deciphering posed greater labyrinths．The metaphoric “rolling in the deep” initially conjured oceanic imagery until contextual analysis revealed its 8 to the African-American gospel tradition's spiritual “deep waters”．This realization necessitated
9 the song's architecture through the prism of blues history，where call-and-response patterns in the bridge (Throw your soul through every open door) mirror West African 10 rituals．My breakthrough emerged not from sheet music but from archival footage of chain gang work songs，their polyrhythmic groans 11 Adele's melismatic phrasing．
The ultimate revelation occurred during a karaoke showdown in Camden．When my 12 rendition unexpectedly silenced the room，I grasped the song's alchemical power：its 13 lies not in technical perfection but in vulnerability's raw currency．As the final “we could have had it all” 14 through the smoke-filled air，I understood language acquisition as 15 —a negotiated settlement between phonetic accuracy and emotional authenticity．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过学习阿黛尔的歌曲Rolling in the Deep来提高英语水平的经历。
1．A．hit upon B．set out
C．guessed at D．delayed doing
√
A　[考查动词短语辨析。根据上文“Having plateaued at IELTS 6.5 for three consecutive attempts”可知，作者连续三次雅思考试停留在6.5分，处于语言学习的绝望中，这里是说把这首歌当作最后努力的方式，“hit upon”符合语境，即偶然想到用这首歌来提升英语韵律水平。故选A。]
2．A．practical B．emotional
C．fixed D．structural
√
B　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文“where semantic precision collides with raw emotional articulation”可知，作者强调的是富有情感的英语韵律领域。故选B。]
3．A．attracts B．frightens
C．tricks D．rewards
√
A　[考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“the lexical simplicity of ‘There's a fire starting in my heart’”可知，“There's a fire starting in my heart”词汇简单，对于初学者来说有吸引力。故选A。]
4．A．rooted B．missing
C．frozen D．held
√
B　[考查动词词义辨析。根据常识可知，汉语是以音节为节奏的语言结构，在这种结构中，声门塞音这类语音细节并不存在。故选B。]
5．A．putting out B．starting
C．holding D．worshipping
√
B　[考查动词词义和动词短语辨析。根据上文“There's a fire starting in my heart”可知，老师是在说作者只是在清晰地读出“fire”，而不是唱出心中燃起火的那种感觉。故选B。]
6．A．planned B．random
C．formal D．secret
√
A　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文“experimentation with breath control”可知，作者进行了数周有计划的呼吸控制实验。故选A。]
7．A．imitate B．identify
C．suppress D．worsen
√
A　[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“cardiac palpitations”可知，作者发现当以专注的态度唱“reaching a fever pitch”中的齿龈轻弹音时，这种发音方式可以模仿出心悸的感觉。故选A。]
8．A．debt B．conflict
C．resistance D．transcendence
√
A　[考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“The metaphoric ‘rolling in the deep’ initially conjured oceanic imagery until contextual analysis revealed”可知，“rolling in the deep”最初让人联想到海洋景象，通过分析发现它与非裔美国人福音传统中精神层面的“深水域”有关，这里强调歌曲对该传统的“借鉴”或两者间的“渊源关系”。故选A。]
9．A．taking apart B．idealizing
C．patenting D．going around
√
A　[考查动词词义和动词短语辨析。根据下文“the song's architecture through the prism of blues history”可知，从蓝调音乐史的角度去理解这首歌，需要对其架构进行剖析。故选A。]
10．A．farming B．prediction
C．start D．funeral
√
D　[考查名词词义辨析。结合“call-and-response patterns...(Throw your soul through every open door)”可知，作者指出歌曲中的呼应模式反映了西非的某种仪式。故选D。]
11．A．contradicting B．preceding
C．reflecting D．making fun of
√
C　[考查动词词义和动词短语辨析。根据上文“their polyrhythmic groans”可知，苦役队劳作歌曲那多节奏的呻吟反映了阿黛尔的花腔唱法。故选C。]
12．A．perfectly tuned B．shaky
C．computer enhanced D．popular with the crowd
√
B　[考查形容词词义和形容词短语辨析。根据下文“unexpectedly silenced the room”以及“lies not in technical perfection but in vulnerability's raw currency”可知，这里应该是略带颤抖的演唱，突出情感而非技术。故选B。]
13．A．expertise B．ordinariness
C．greatness D．average quality
√
C　[考查名词词义和名词短语辨析。根据下文“not in technical perfection but in vulnerability's raw currency”可知，这首歌的伟大之处不在于技术完美，而在于情感。故选C。]
14．A．echoed B．weakened
C．dissolved D．split
√
A　[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“through the smoke-filled air”可知，最后一句“we could have had it all”在弥漫着烟雾的空气中回荡。故选A。]
15．A．magic B．cheating
C．classification D．mind reading
√
A　[考查名词词义和名词短语辨析。根据下文“a negotiated settlement between phonetic accuracy and emotional authenticity”可知，作者认为语言习得是语音准确性与情感真实性之间的协商共识，再结合作者的领悟过程可知，此处指作者认为语言习得如同魔法一般。故选A。]
Ⅲ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2025·河北石家庄三模)
China has a huge variety of dialects．However，these dialects are becoming difficult 1．___________ (preserve) as Mandarin (普通话) becomes increasingly popular in schools and public places．
to preserve
2．_________ (face) with this issue，two language-loving foreign students decided to do something．Parker，a linguistics (语言学) student，studies Chinese dialects，while Hansen，fluent 3．_________ multiple languages，has lived in Beijing for years．Together，they started a project which later 4．_________ (become) a website called Phoemica，or Xiangyinyuan，5．_________ recordings of the dialects in danger of dying out are collected and displayed．
Faced
in
became
where
What you're bound to notice on the Phonemica website is the 6．_________ (present) of a large map which shows various dialects across China．In certain 7．_________ (area)，there are uploads of recordings of dialects which visitors to the site can listen to．Most of the recordings feature speakers 8．_________ (tell) a story in their various dialects．
presence
areas
telling
Unlike many similar websites focusing on text or professional research，Phoemica records ordinary people，helping create an oral history of Asia．The website's detailed information about speakers，including ethnic background and education，makes it more engaging and 9．_________ (access) than traditional language research platforms，aiming to preserve 10．_________ unique appeal of each dialect．
accessible
the
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍Phonemica网站，展示了两位外国学生如何通过现代技术手段保护中国丰富的方言文化。
1．to preserve　[考查非谓语动词。“主语＋be＋形容词＋to do”是固定结构，动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。故填to preserve。]
2．Faced　[考查非谓语动词。be faced with是固定短语，意为“面临，面对”，设空处应该用非谓语动词作状语，与句子主语“two language-loving foreign students”之间构成被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Faced。]
3．in　[考查介词。be fluent in是固定搭配，表示“在……方面流利；精通……”，这里说汉森精通多种语言。故填in。]
4．became　[考查动词时态。设空处是定语从句的谓语动词，根据主句的谓语started可知，项目变成网站是过去发生的事情，所以用一般过去时。故填became。]
5．where　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，________________
recordings of the dialects in danger of dying out are collected and displayed是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a website，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。]
6．presence　[考查名词。the presence of表示“……的存在”，这里指网站上有一张大地图的存在。故填presence。]
7．areas　[考查名词复数。area是可数名词，此处应该用复数形式表示泛指。故填areas。]
8．telling　[考查非谓语动词。设空处应该用非谓语动词作定语，修饰空前名词speakers，动词tell与speakers之间是主动关系，所以用动词-ing形式作定语。故填telling。]
9．accessible　[考查形容词。根据空前的“makes it more engaging and”可知，设空处应该用形容词accessible与形容词engaging并列作补足语。故填accessible。]
10．the　[考查冠词。appeal在这里表示“魅力”，是特指每种方言的独特魅力，所以用定冠词the。故填the。]
谢 谢 ！题型组合练(六)　必修第一册　UNIT 5　LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
(建议用时：45分钟　总分：50分)
(提示：批阅时只需批阅本页即可)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·山东济宁三模)
Understanding a simple-looking English sentence such as “I read this article yesterday” actually requires some complicated conceptual computation: a subject (“I”) performed an action (“read”) on an object (“article”) at a specific time (“yesterday”)． But the human brain routinely does this work nearly at once based on the language's grammatical rules，says linguist Andrea E．Martin． And Martin's team has now found that the human brain can accommodate fundamental grammatical differences across languages by adjusting how it processes each sentence．
In a recent study in PLOS Biology，the researchers observed variations in Dutch-speaking participants' brain waves while they listened to a Dutch-language audiobook． To visualize these changes，the scientists used a metric (指标) to quantify how many new “predictions” the brain makes of words that could come next in a sentence． This framework was then tested against three different parsing (语法分析的) strategies，or linguistic models that illustrate how the brain builds information over time．
Previous English-based studies with a similar set-up concluded in favor of a model where listeners “wait and see” how each phrase in a sentence will end before interpreting it． But the Dutch speakers in Martin's study leaned strongly towards a highly predictive model；participants tended to finish each phrase in their head preemptively before it was complete． (A third model，in which listeners wait to hear all of the phrases in a sentence before interpreting any part of it，is seldom used in either language．)
In Dutch language structure，verbs come near the end of a sentence rather than immediately after the subject like they do in English，while in Korean，the subject is usually left out and in Arabic verbs often come first． So flexibility is vital in processing different languages simply because they have different properties．
The findings support the need for scientists to include more diversity when crafting linguistic models．“This is going to help us capture how the brain is understanding the structured meaning of language，and the social application of language，” Martin says．“There's so much yet to be understood in the brain．”
1．Why does the author cite the example in paragraph 1
A．To introduce a grammar rule．
B．To analyze an English sentence．
C．To bring in a new research finding．
D．To stress the complexity of human brain．
2．What does the underlined word “preemptively” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．By accident． B．In advance．
C．On time． D．By mistake．
3．Which sentence can match the Dutch language structure
A．Universe the about documentary saw．
B．Saw I a documentary about the universe．
C．I saw a documentary about the universe．
D．I a documentary about the universe saw．
4．What does Martin try to stress in the last paragraph
A．The challenges of brain researches．
B．The application of the present findings．
C．The purposes of different linguistic models．
D．The necessity to diversify subjects in studies．
B
(2025·河北“五个一”名校联盟联考)
The claim that 93% of communication is nonverbal is a common misconception (错误认识)． This statistic actually comes from a misinterpretation of Albert Mehrabian's research in 1967． His studies focused on how people interpret conflicting signals，such as when words，tones，and facial expressions don't match． He found that in such cases，people tend to rely more on tones (38%) and facial expressions (55%) than on the actual words (7%)． However，this applies only to communication about feelings and attitudes，not to all forms of communication．
Mehrabian never intended for these percentages to be applied broadly． He has repeatedly clarified that words matter significantly in most contexts． The oversimplification of his research has led to the widespread misconception that nonverbal cues dominate all communication． This misconception can be misleading because it devalues the importance of words and oversimplifies the complexity of human interaction．
Focusing too much on body language while neglecting the power of words can be problematic． For example，in written communication or phone calls，where nonverbal cues are absent，words are the primary means of conveying meanings．
Nonverbal cues are powerful，but their importance depends on the situation． A raised eyebrow can mean skepticism，or confusion depending on the context． Language and body language work together． When they are in harmony，the message becomes clearer and more compelling． Conversely，when there is a mismatch between what is said and how it is expressed，puzzlement can arise．
Authenticity (真实性) is crucial in communication． People can sense when body language feels forced or inauthentic． Genuine engagement helps people react to each other well and makes communication effective． It is also important not to overinterpret nonverbal signals． For example，crossed arms might indicate discomfort，but they could just as easily mean the person is cold．
In conclusion，while nonverbal communication is undeniably important，it's not about memorizing percentages or rigid rules． It's about developing awareness of yourself，others，and the situation． Whether nonverbal cues account for 40%，60%，or 90% of communication，they deserve attention． The real power lies in how you apply them to connect authentically with others．
5．What can we know about the 93% nonverbal communication claim
A．It's based on accurate statistics．
B．It's widely considered to be a mistake．
C．It correctly reflects Mehrabian's research．
D．It misinterprets Mehrabian's research findings．
6．What will happen if there is a conflict between language and body language
A．The speakers will convey their ideas well．
B．The messages will be clearer than ever．
C．The confusion among the speakers will arise．
D．The listeners will understand each other better．
7．How does authenticity function in communication
A．It leads to good interaction．
B．It over-interprets word signals．
C．It causes false communication．
D．It makes forced gestures effective．
8．Which of the following may be the best title for the text
A．The Misinterpretation of Statistics in Research
B．The Importance of Nonverbal Cues in Communication
C．Trying to Understand Different Rules of Communication
D．Breaking down Nonverbal Communication Misconceptions
Ⅱ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
(2026·山东烟台模拟)
My odyssey of interpreting Adele's Rolling in the Deep commenced not with musical ambition but linguistic desperation．Having plateaued at IELTS 6.5 for three consecutive attempts，I 1 this soul-stricken anthem as a last-ditch effort to conquer the elusive realm of 2 English prosody，where semantic precision collides with raw emotional articulation．
The opening verse proved deceptively treacherous．While the lexical simplicity of “There's a fire starting in my heart” 3 novice learners，its delivery demands microsecond control over glottal stops—a phonetic subtlety 4 in Mandarin's syllable-timed structure．My vocal coach，observing my mechanical replication，remarked dryly: “You're enunciating fire，not 5 it．” This epiphany triggered weeks of 6 experimentation with breath control，as I discovered how alveolar tap in “reaching a fever pitch” could 7 cardiac palpitations when executed with Darwinian attention to the evolutionary psychology of mating calls．
Cultural deciphering posed greater labyrinths．The metaphoric “rolling in the deep” initially conjured oceanic imagery until contextual analysis revealed its 8 to the African-American gospel tradition's spiritual “deep waters”．This realization necessitated 9 the song's architecture through the prism of blues history，where call-and-response patterns in the bridge (Throw your soul through every open door) mirror West African 10 rituals．My breakthrough emerged not from sheet music but from archival footage of chain gang work songs，their polyrhythmic groans 11 Adele's melismatic phrasing．
The ultimate revelation occurred during a karaoke showdown in Camden．When my 12 rendition unexpectedly silenced the room，I grasped the song's alchemical power: its 13 lies not in technical perfection but in vulnerability's raw currency．As the final “we could have had it all” 14 through the smoke-filled air，I understood language acquisition as 15 —a negotiated settlement between phonetic accuracy and emotional authenticity．
1．A．hit upon　 　　　 B．set out
C．guessed at D．delayed doing
2．A．practical B．emotional
C．fixed D．structural
3．A．attracts B．frightens
C．tricks D．rewards
4．A．rooted B．missing
C．frozen D．held
5．A．putting out B．starting
C．holding D．worshipping
6．A．planned B．random
C．formal D．secret
7．A．imitate B．identify
C．suppress D．worsen
8．A．debt B．conflict
C．resistance D．transcendence
9．A．taking apart B．idealizing
C．patenting D．going around
10．A．farming B．prediction
C．start D．funeral
11．A．contradicting B．preceding
C．reflecting D．making fun of
12．A．perfectly tuned B．shaky
C．computer enhanced D．popular with the crowd
13．A．expertise B．ordinariness
C．greatness D．average quality
14．A．echoed B．weakened
C．dissolved D．split
15．A．magic B．cheating
C．classification D．mind reading
Ⅲ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2025·河北石家庄三模)
China has a huge variety of dialects． However，these dialects are becoming difficult 1． (preserve) as Mandarin (普通话) becomes increasingly popular in schools and public places．
2． (face) with this issue，two language-loving foreign students decided to do something． Parker，a linguistics (语言学) student，studies Chinese dialects，while Hansen，fluent 3． multiple languages，has lived in Beijing for years． Together，they started a project which later 4． (become) a website called Phoemica，or Xiangyinyuan，5． recordings of the dialects in danger of dying out are collected and displayed．
What you're bound to notice on the Phonemica website is the 6． (present) of a large map which shows various dialects across China． In certain 7． (area)，there are uploads of recordings of dialects which visitors to the site can listen to． Most of the recordings feature speakers 8． (tell) a story in their various dialects．
Unlike many similar websites focusing on text or professional research，Phoemica records ordinary people，helping create an oral history of Asia． The website's detailed information about speakers，including ethnic background and education，makes it more engaging and 9． (access) than traditional language research platforms，aiming to preserve 10． unique appeal of each dialect．
题型组合练(六)
Ⅰ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了语言学家Andrea E． Martin团队的研究发现：人类大脑通过调整语法分析策略来适应不同语言的基本语法差异，并强调科学界需在语言模型中纳入更多多样性语言。
1．C　[推理判断题。根据第一段可知，作者开篇举例是为了引出Martin团队的新研究发现，即大脑处理不同语言的灵活性。故选C。]
2．B　[词义猜测题。画线词上文说的是参与者需要在头脑中补全每一个句子，下文说的是在完成之前，可推理出此处说的是参与者倾向于在短语未完成时提前在脑中补全它，故可推出“preemptively”意思最接近in advance。故选B。]
3．D　[推理判断题。根据第四段中“In Dutch language structure, verbs come near the end of a sentence rather than immediately after the subject like they do in English”可知，荷兰语结构为“主语＋宾语＋动词”结构。选项D“I a documentary about the universe saw”为“主语I＋宾语a documentary＋动词saw”结构，符合荷兰语结构。故选D。]
4．D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The findings support the need for scientists to include more diversity when crafting linguistic models．”可知，这些发现支持了科学家在构建语言模型时需要纳入更多多样性的必要性，故可推出Martin强调研究中语言多样性的必要性。故选D。]
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了关于非语言沟通占比93%的常见误解，并解释了这一统计数据的来源和局限性。文章强调了语言和非语言沟通的相互作用以及真实性在沟通中的重要性。
5．D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“The claim that 93% of communication is nonverbal is a common misconception ． This statistic actually comes from a misinterpretation of Albert Mehrabian's research in 1967．”可知，这一说法误解了Mehrabian的研究结果。故选D项。]
6．C　[细节理解题。根据第四段中“Conversely, when there is a mismatch between what is said and how it is expressed, puzzlement can arise．”可知，如果语言和肢体语言之间存在冲突，就会产生困惑。故选C项。]
7．A　[细节理解题。根据第五段中“Authenticity is crucial in communication． People can sense when body language feels forced or inauthentic． Genuine engagement helps people react to each other well and makes communication effective．”可知，真实性可以促进良好的互动。故选A项。]
8．D　[标题归纳题。文章主要探讨了关于非语言沟通占比93%的误解，解释了这一统计数据的来源和局限性，并强调了语言和非语言沟通的相互作用以及真实性在沟通中的重要性。因此，文章的最佳标题是D项“打破非语言沟通的误解”。故选D项。]
Ⅱ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过学习阿黛尔的歌曲Rolling in the Deep来提高英语水平的经历。
1．A　[考查动词短语辨析。根据上文“Having plateaued at IELTS 6．5 for three consecutive attempts”可知，作者连续三次雅思考试停留在6．5分，处于语言学习的绝望中，这里是说把这首歌当作最后努力的方式，“hit upon”符合语境，即偶然想到用这首歌来提升英语韵律水平。故选A。]
2．B　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文“where semantic precision collides with raw emotional articulation”可知，作者强调的是富有情感的英语韵律领域。故选B。]
3．A　[考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“the lexical simplicity of ‘There's a fire starting in my heart’”可知，“There's a fire starting in my heart”词汇简单，对于初学者来说有吸引力。故选A。]
4．B　[考查动词词义辨析。根据常识可知，汉语是以音节为节奏的语言结构，在这种结构中，声门塞音这类语音细节并不存在。故选B。]
5．B　[考查动词词义和动词短语辨析。根据上文“There's a fire starting in my heart”可知，老师是在说作者只是在清晰地读出“fire”，而不是唱出心中燃起火的那种感觉。故选B。]
6．A　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文“experimentation with breath control”可知，作者进行了数周有计划的呼吸控制实验。故选A。]
7．A　[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“cardiac palpitations”可知，作者发现当以专注的态度唱“reaching a fever pitch”中的齿龈轻弹音时，这种发音方式可以模仿出心悸的感觉。故选A。]
8．A　[考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“The metaphoric ‘rolling in the deep’ initially conjured oceanic imagery until contextual analysis revealed”可知，“rolling in the deep”最初让人联想到海洋景象，通过分析发现它与非裔美国人福音传统中精神层面的“深水域”有关，这里强调歌曲对该传统的“借鉴”或两者间的“渊源关系”。故选A。]
9．A　[考查动词词义和动词短语辨析。根据下文“the song's architecture through the prism of blues history”可知，从蓝调音乐史的角度去理解这首歌，需要对其架构进行剖析。故选A。]
10．D　[考查名词词义辨析。结合“callandresponse patterns．．． (Throw your soul through every open door)”可知，作者指出歌曲中的呼应模式反映了西非的某种仪式。故选D。]
11．C　[考查动词词义和动词短语辨析。根据上文“their polyrhythmic groans”可知，苦役队劳作歌曲那多节奏的呻吟反映了阿黛尔的花腔唱法。故选C。]
12．B　[考查形容词词义和形容词短语辨析。根据下文“unexpectedly silenced the room”以及“lies not in technical perfection but in vulnerability's raw currency”可知，这里应该是略带颤抖的演唱，突出情感而非技术。故选B。]
13．C　[考查名词词义和名词短语辨析。根据下文“not in technical perfection but in vulnerability's raw currency”可知，这首歌的伟大之处不在于技术完美，而在于情感。故选C。]
14．A　[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“through the smokefilled air”可知，最后一句“we could have had it all”在弥漫着烟雾的空气中回荡。故选A。]
15．A　[考查名词词义和名词短语辨析。根据下文“a negotiated settlement between phonetic accuracy and emotional authenticity”可知，作者认为语言习得是语音准确性与情感真实性之间的协商共识，再结合作者的领悟过程可知，此处指作者认为语言习得如同魔法一般。故选A。]
Ⅲ．1．to preserve　2．Faced　3．in　4．became　5．where　6．presence　7．areas　8．telling　9．accessible　10．the
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