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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
初中语法之连词
重点：
1. 并列连词；
2. 从属连词。
并列连词用来连接平行的词、短语或句子；从属连词是用来引导从句的词。并列连词按照其在句中的作用可分为表示并列关系、转折关系、选择关系和因果关系的连词。
并列连词
考向一：表示并列关系的并列连词
表示并列关系的常见连词有：
and (和；又；而且),
as well as (也 ； 和 ),
both...and...(既……又……),
not only...but also...(不仅……而且……),
neither...nor...(既不……也不……)。
We are singing and they are dancing. 我们在唱歌，他们在跳舞。
I’m learning French as well as English. 我学法语，还学英语。
Not only English but also French is spoken in Canada.在加拿大，人们不仅说英语，而且说法语。
连词 用法 例句
but 意为＂但是＂，表示意义递进的转折或前后两个事实相反。 His mother won’t be there, but his father might. 他母亲不会去那里，但他父亲也许会去。
while 意为＂但是，然而＂，强调对比性的转折。 I like English while he likes math. 我喜欢英语而他喜欢数学。
yet 意为＂可是；然而＂，表示转折时，前面可与and连用，且这两个部分的主语是一致的。 I failed again, and yet I never give up. 我又失败了，然而我绝不放弃。
考向二：表示转折关系的并列连词
【注意】1.although或though在引导让步状语从句时，主句不可使用转折连词but，但是可以使用yet或still。
Although she is in poor health，(yet) she works hard.虽然她的身体不好，但是她工作非常努力。
2.however 意为＂然而，不过＂，可放在句首、句中或句末，不能像but那样直接连接两个句子，常用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。
(×) We all tried our best, however we lost the game.
(√) We all tried our best.However, we lost the game.
(√) We all tried our best, but we lost the game.
考向三：表示选择关系的并列连词
连词 意义 例句
or 或者；否则 Hurry up, or you will be late. 快点，否则你会迟到的。
or else 否则；要不然 Be careful or else you will make a mistake. 小心，否则你将会犯错误。
rather than 而不是 I will do it myself rather than ask him to do it. 我会亲自去做这件事，而不是叫他去做。
not…but 不是……而是…… John is not her father but her uncle. 约翰不是她的父亲而是她的叔叔
either…or 或者……或者…… Either Alice or her father cooks meals at home. 要么爱丽丝要么她爸爸在家做饭。
whether…or 不管是……还是…… They haven’t decided whether they will go to London or Berlin。他们尚未决定是去伦敦还是去柏林。
考向四：表示因果关系的并列连词
连词 意义 例句
for 意为＂因为＂，用来补充说明或表示推测性的理由，不能置于两个并列分句的句首，要放在两个分句的中间 It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面是湿的。
so 表示＂因此；所以＂时，不能与because 连用。 He worked hard, so he passed the exam. 他努力学习，所以通过了考试。
从属连词
考向五：从属连词的用法（引导名词性从句或状语从句）
从属连词 用法 例句
that 用于引导宾语从句，引导从句时无意义，常省略。 He told me（that）he won’t be late. 他告诉我说他不会迟到的。
though/ although 虽然，尽管， even if/ though 即使 可用于引导让步状语从句，though/although 不能与but连用。 Though he has a cold,he still goes to school. =He has a cold,but he still goes to work. 尽管他感冒了，他仍然去上学了。
if, whether (...or not) 是否 可用于引导宾语从句，不可省略。 I don’t know whether it will rain or not today. 我不知道今天会不会下雨。
if 如果， unless 除非；如不， as long as 只要 引导条件状语从句。 Thought he is very old, he still teaches himself English. 尽管他年龄很大，他仍然自学英语。
because 因为， as 鉴于;由于， since 由于，既然 用于引导原因状语从句。 I don’t want to go outside because I am too tired. 我不想外出因为我太累了。
so...that, such...that 如此...以至于... 可用于引导结果状语从句。 The scenery here is so beautiful that I don’t want to leave. 这儿的风景太美了，以至于我不想离开了。
since自从， until/till直到， after在…之后，before在…之前， when当…时候，while当…时候，as soon as 一...就...， whenever 无论何时 用于引导时间状语从句。 When I arrived there, it was raining. 当我到那里时，天正在下雨。
as if/as though (仿佛；好像) 用于引导方式状语从句 It seems as if it is going to rain. 好像将要下雨了。
so that以便， in order that 为了 in case 以防 用于引导目的状语从句 I get up early so that I won’t be late for class. 我起得很早，这样我上课不会迟到。
as...as... 和…一样…， not so/ as... as...和...不一样... 用于引导比较状语从句。 He is as smart as his brother. 他和他的哥哥一样聪明。
常用从属连词辨析
because, since, as
连词 意义 例句
because 表示造成某种情况的直接原因，语气最强，常用来回答由why引导的问句，其从句的位置通常在主句的后面。 He has to leave because it is too late. 因为太晚了，他不得不走。
since since语气比as稍强，不表示直接的或根本的原因，而是一种已知的或非常显然的理由，since引导的从句通常位于主句之前。 Since everyone is here, let’s start. 既然大家到齐了，我们就出发吧！
as as是从属连词，表示原因时，语气最弱，所说的原因比较明显或是已知的事实，它引导的从句一般位于主句之前。 We all like her as she is kind. 我们都喜欢她，因为她善良。
练习题
一、 选择所给的连词填空。
when，because，but，before，if，so...that， as...as，not...until，and，after，or，since
1. Hurry up, please! _______you’ll be late for school.
2. She ________go to bed ______ her mother came back.
3. Yesterday Jim didn’t go to see the film, ________he must go over his lessons.
4. The students were talking about the sports meeting _______ the teacher came in.
5. I was ______tired ________I couldn’t walk any more.
6. This building is _______ tall ________ that one.
7. Tom was ill yesterday, ________he still went to school as usual.
8. He asked me ______I would go there with him.
9. We have studied here ________ 1994.
10. The child had studied English for two years ________he went to middle school.
11. _______the boy finished his homework, he went to bed.
12. Study hard on your subjects, ________you’ll do well in the exam.
二、 单项选择。
1. I like listening to English songs because it can __________ make me relaxed __________ improve my spoken English.
A. neither；nor B. either；or C. not only；but also D. not；but
2. On no-car day, __________ students __________ teachers are allowed to drive to school.
A. either；or B. not only；but also C. neither；nor D. both；and
3. —Would you like tea __________ Juice —Tea, please.
A. and B. or C. but D. So
4. —Join our educational exchange now. You can improve your social skills __________ make lots of friends.
—It sounds great. I’d love to.
A. and B. but C. except
5. —Would you like hamburgers __________ hot dogs —Hot dogs.
and B. too C. as well as D. or
6. —Mike, let’s prepare for our baseball game.
—OK. We’ll lose the game _______ we try our best.
A. unless B. once C. after D. since
7.Hold your dream, _______ you might regret some day.
A. and B. or C. but D. so
8.Jack’s mother was so tired. She fell asleep _______ she lay down on the bed.
A. until B. as soon as C. unless
9.Many people like reading newspapers ___they can learn what’s happening in the world.
A. so that B. ever since
C. as soon as D. even though
10.I didn’t believe I could do it _______ I got to the top of Mount Tai.
A. unless B. until C. after D. as
11.）Many people still try to climb Qomolangma every year _______ it is very dangerous.
A. when B. if C. though
12.You will never achieve success _______ you devote yourself to your work.
A. after B. if C. because D. unless
13.—The plane won’t take off _______ the thick clouds move away.
—Let’s wait patiently for the announcement from the airport.
A. since B. though C. while D. until
14.I won’t go home _______ the rain stops.
A. since B. so C. until
15.Our teachers have been with us for nearly three years _______ we came to junior high school. We should thank them for what they have done for us.
A. until B. before C. since
16. —Mary doesn’t go out _______ do her homework. How about her brother Jim
—He dislikes to go out, _______ he does his homework.
A. and；or B. or；but C. and；and D. or；and
17. —Mike, please turn down the music, _______ Lucy _______ Lily are sleeping.
—Sorry, I’ll do it right away.
A. neither；nor B. either；or C. not only；but also D. both；and
18. Passengers must not leave their seats _______ the plane comes to a full stop.
A. until B. since C. if D. because
19. —I can’t go shopping with you _______ I have a lot of work _______.
—What a pity! What a fine day today!
A. so；do B. because；doing C. when；to do D. because；to do
20. It’s good for your sleep to drink milk ________ you go to bed.
A. after B. before C. beside D. behind
21. Mike likes watching TV________ he is having dinner.
A. while B. although C. because D. if
22. Jill still went to school _______ she was ill yesterday.
A. even though B. no matter C. as long as D. so that
23. —Mum, can I go out to play for a while
—No, you can’t, ________ you finish your homework.
A. until B. if C. unless D. because
24. Your dream will come true _______ you put your heart and soul into it.
A. as long as B. as far as C. as soon as D. as much as
25. I don’t understand the text _______ there are few new words in it.
A. even though B. because C. if D. and
26. The nurse won’t leave her patients _______ she’s sure they are all taken good care of.
A. unless B. because C. so D. if
27. Li Ming jumps highest _______ he isn’t the tallest in our class.
A. because B. though C. for D. so
三、填入适当的连词
1. My sister likes to sing dance when she’s free.
2．“Hurry up, you’ll be late，”she told me.
3. She’s able, she’s too careless sometimes.
4. My bike is lost, I have to walk instead.
5. Hurry up， there are only five minutes left.
四、选择正确的连词填空
1. The boss knows his son loves Chinese pop songs．(that；what)
2. I'm usually watching TV mum is cooking．(while；after)
3. I'll go fishing with friends it is fine．(as soon as；before)
4. Lily said at the meeting made me excited．(What；Which)
5. you are。remember to write to me, please．(Where；Wherever)
五、用括号内的连词改写下列句子，使其意思不变
Your idea sounds better than mine．(not so…as)
I felt very tired and I couldn’t move a little．(so…that)
The girl can both sing and dance well．(not only…but also)
The man fell off his bike but he didn’t get hurt．(although)
5 She fell behind because she was ill. (because of)
六、从方框中选择适当的连词填空。(不能重复使用)
neither…nor both…and as soon as so that that or so…that either…or because and so but
1. Work harder, you’ll finally succeed in your lessons.
2. The party will be put off it’s going to rain tomorrow.
3. tea cool water is OK. I am very thirsty now.
4. I have to sit in the front I can hear more clearly.
5. Chinese math are Lily’s favorite subjects.
6. It’s cold I have to wear a thick sweater at home.
7. Please let me know the result it comes out.
8. Ben Lily is a doctor. They are both teachers.
9. It is three years I met my uncle in Canada last time.
10. I'd like to go with you， I have too much work to do today.
七、单项填空。
1. ________ Jim ________ Linda is late. They are always on time.
A. Neither；nor B. Not only；but also C. Both；and D. Either；or
2. —Would you like tea ________ coffee — Neither, thanks.
A. and B. Or C. while D. but
3. —What do you like doing at weekends —I like not only singing ________ dancing.
A. and B. but also C. or D. for
4. Mike, your friends are waiting outside. Hurry up， ________ you’ll be late.
A. or B. but C. so D. though
5. For her, true love is important ________ it’s not the only thing.
A. and B. or C. but D. so
6. —Why do you like pop songs —They sound nice, ________ I always feel relaxed.
A. and B. so C. because D. if
7. You won’t finish your plan ________ you hurry up.
A. after B. unless C. while D. since
8. It’s too late to go out now and ________, it’s rainy outside.
A. though B. besides C. however D. instead
9. —Hi, Tom, why are you so tired
—I stayed up late last night ________ I could finish my work plan.
A. in order that B. since then C. as a result D. because of
10. Uncle is ________ watching TV ________ surfing the Internet. He’s cooking.
A. either；or B. both；and C. neither；nor D. both；and
参考答案
I. 选择所给的连词填空。
1. or 2. didn’t；until 3. because 4. when 5. so；that 6. as；as
7. but 8. if 9. since 10. before 11. After 12. and
II. 单项选择。
1-5 CCBAD 6-10 ABBAB 11-15 CDDCC
16-20 BDADB 21-25 AACA A 26-27 AB
三、
and；or；but；so；and
四、
that；while；as soon as；What；Wherever
五、
Your idea sounds not so good as mine
I felt so tired that I couldn’t move a little
The girl can not only sing but also dance well.
Although the man fell off his bike, but he didn’t hurt
Because of she was ill, she fell behind.
六、
1. and 2. because 3. Either ；or 4. so that 5. Both ；and
6. so；that 7. as soon as 8. Neither；nor 9. and 10. but
七、1-10: ABBAC ABBAC

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