2026年中考英语二轮复习 语法之形容词和副词+练习(含答案)

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2026年中考英语二轮复习 语法之形容词和副词+练习(含答案)

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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
形容词和副词
考点:
形容词的位置
形容词的用法
形容词的重点句型
副词的位置
副词的排列顺序
形容词和副词的辨析
比较级的基本句型
一、形容词
1. 形容词的定义:形容词用来修饰名词/不定代词,用来说明事物或人的性质或特征的词叫形容词。一般放在所修饰名词前作定语,也可独立做表语/宾补等。
作定语:This is an interesting story.
作表语:Yao Ming is very tall.
作宾补:We’re trying to make our school beautiful.
拓展: 1)大部分形容词加-ly 可以构成副词。但是有些形容词比较特殊,以-ly 结尾。如:
friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly等
有些以-ly 结尾的词既是形容词,也是副词。如:
daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early
形容词的位置
放在名词前面:useful information
放不定代词之后:something important, nothing special, anything else
放在enough 之前:He is old enough to dress himself.
放在 keep, stay, turn, get, be, become, go, look, sound, taste, smell, feel之后。
In order to keep healthy, he runs every morning.
形容词的用法
某些形容词只能作表语:alone, alive, afraid, asleep, awake, ill
the+形容词一类人,如:the young, the old, the rich, the poor, the sick
以-ed 结尾的形容词和以-ing 结尾的形容词
①以-ed 结尾的形容词,意为“”感到...的”,主语通常为人。如:He is tired. /He is excited.
②以-ing 结尾的形容词,意为“令人..样的”,主语通常为物。如:The work is tiring./ It is relaxing.
形容词的重点句型
It is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth 对某人来说做某事是......的,形容词修饰的是 to do 不定式。如:
It is important for us to learn English well.
It is difficult for me to finish the task alone.
It is + 形容词 + of sb. to do sth 某人做某事是......的,形容词修饰的是sb.。如:
It is very kind of you to help me.
It is very brave of you to save the baby in the fire.
.find/ think/ make it +形容词+to do sth. 发现/认为/使得做某事是......
The Internet makes it easy to search for information
too+形容词(for sb)+to do sth.意为“太......而不能做某事”,如:
He is too young to dress himself.
形容词+enough(for sb.)+ to do sth. 从句,意为“足够......去做某事”,如:
He is old enough to dress himself.
so+形容词+that 从句,意为“如此......以至于”,如
He is so polite and helpful that everyone likes him very much.
such + (形容词)/名词+that 从句,意为“如此......以至于”,如:
He is such a polite and helpful boy that everyone likes him very much.
二、副词
1. 副词的定义:副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或其他结构。在句子中作状语或表语。
作状语:He runs slowly.
作表语: The class is over.
副词的分类:
时间副词:now, today, early, sometimes, already 等
地点副词:outside, inside, upstairs, here, there, home 等
方式副词:quickly, loudly, suddenly, fast, luckily 等
程度副词:very, quite, rather, too, much, so 等
疑问副词:when, where, why, how, how long, how often 等
关系副词:when, where, why, how 等
副词的位置:
多数副词都可以放在它所修饰的动词后面。如:He runs slowly.
时间副词、地点副词和方式副词一般放在句末。如:They went to the park yesterday morning.
频率副词一般放在 be 动词、情态动词及第一个助动词之后、实义动词之前。如:He is seldom ill.
程度副词修饰动词时,与频率副词相同;修饰形容词和副词时,放在它所修饰的词前面。如:
I nearly missed the bus.
否定副词一般放在动词之前、系动词 be 或助动词之后。如:She seldom goes out at night.
疑问副词放在特殊疑问句的句首。如:When can you come
同时存在时间状语和地点状语时候,时间状语一般放在后面。如:The meeting will be held in the classroom tomorrow.
副词的排列顺序:
时间、地点副词:小单位的在前,大单位的在后
方式副词:短的在前,长的在后,并用 and 或but 等连接词连接
多个不同副词排列:程度+地点+方式+时间副词
形容词和副词的辨析
alone,lonely
alone adj. 意为“单独的,寂寞的”,只能作表语;作副词时,相当于 by oneself,意为“单独地”
lonely 作形容词,意为“孤独的,寂寞的”,带有感彩
everyday,every day
everyday adj. 意为“每天的”,后面加 名词,相当于 daily,如 everyday English
every day 是时间状语,意为“每天”,一般放在句末。
good,well
good adj. 意为“好的”,如:She is good at maths.
well adv. 意为“好地”,如:She does well in maths.
alive, living, lively
alive adj. 意为“活着的”,作表语如:The fish is still alive.
living adj. 意为“活着的“,强调健在。后面可以加名词,如:all living things
lively adj. 意为“生机勃勃的,精力充沛的”,
hard,hardly
hard adj. 意为“困难的,硬的”;adv. 意为“努力地”
hardly adv. 意为“几乎不”,表示否定,放在实义动词之前,助动词和情态动词之后。
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
大多数形容词和副词有比较级和最高级的变化,用来表示事物的等级差别。比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
规则变化
构成 原级 比较级 最高级
一般单音节末尾加-er,-est tall taller tallest
以不发音的e 结尾的单音词和少数以-le 结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st nice nicer nicest
以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词,双写结尾辅音字母,再加-er,-est big bigger biggest
“以辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,改 y 为 i,再加-er,-est easy easier easiest
少数以-er,-ow 结尾的双音节末尾加-er,-est clever cleverer cleverest
其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加 more,most 来构成比较级和最高级 important easily more important more easily most important most easily
不规则规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good, well better best
bad, ill worse worst
old older/elder oldest/eldest
many/much more most
little less least
far farther/further farthest, furthest
比较级的基本句型
1)as +形容词或副词原级+ as
否定句型为:not as/so +形容词或副词原级+as
e.g: He can not run as/so fast as you.
①如果 as..as 中间有名词的时候,结构为:as +adj+a/an+单数名词,或as + many/much+名词。如:
This is as good an example as the other is.
I can carry as much paper as you can.
②有表示倍数的词或者其他程度副词作修饰语时,放在 as 的前面。如:
This room is twice as big as that one.
Your room is the same size as mine.
③ 倍数+as + adj. + as 和 倍数+the+n.+of 可以互换。如:
This bridge is three times as long as that one.
= This bridge is three times the length of that one.
④“...as much/many+ n. +as”表示和...一样多的...
We have produced as many cars as we did last year.
2)比较级形容词或副词+than
You are taller than I .
注意事项:
避免重复使用比较级。
He is more cleverer than his brother. (×)
He is more clever than his brother.(√)
He is cleverer than his brother. (√)
避免将主语含在比较对象中。
China is larger that any country in Asia.(×)
China is larger than any other countries.(√)
3)比较级+and+比较级
表示“越来越......”
As winter is coming, the night is becoming longer and longer.
The computer is cheaper and cheaper.
4)the+ 比较级+ 主语+谓语, the +比较级+主语+谓语
表示“越......越......”
The shorter your article is, the better it is. 你的文章越短越好
拓展:可以修饰比较级的词
a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even 等
最高级的基本句型
the+最高级+比较范围
e.g.: The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. 撒哈拉是世界上最大的沙漠。
2)one of the +最高级+ 名词复数,表示“...是最...之一的”
The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China.
Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.
要注意两点:① 最高级前要加 the ② 名词要用复数形式
拓展:
形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the,副词最高级前可不用。
形容词most 前面没有 the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示“非常”
It is a most important problem.
可以修饰最高级的有:by far, far, much, mostly, almost
This hat is nearly/ mostly the biggest.
最高级和比较级之间的转换
①Mike is the most intelligent in his class.
= Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class.
“否定词语+比较级”,“否定词语+so...as”结构表示最高级含义
Nothing is so easy as this.
=Nothing is easier than this.
= This is the easiest thing.
练习题
一、单选题
1.— I think computers are _______________ more important than radios.
— I don't agree with you.
A.much B.very C.too D.so
2.Look at our school. It is becoming ______________.
A.beautiful and beautiful B.more beautiful and beautiful
C.more and more beautiful D.the most beautiful
3.In my opinion, ______________ children there are in a family, ______________their life will be.
A.the less; the better B.the fewer; the better
C.fewer; richer D.more; poorer
4.Don't worry. He is ____ to take care of little Betty.
A.carefully enough B.careful enough C.enough careful
5.Most of them like those singers who sing the words of songs .
A.clearly B.actively C.widely D.early
6.If I have seen ______, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants.
A.clearly B.carefully C.hard D.further
7. —What's the matter, Ken Your sister looks very sad.
—Her best friend had an accident just now. She was ____ hurt and could hardly move.
A.badly B.simply C.nearly D.heavy
8.If there are_______ people driving, there will be_______ air pollution.
A.less, less B.less; fewer C.fewer; fewer D.fewer; less
9.There is _________________ for you if you put your heart into it.
A.difficult nothing B.nothing difficult C.something difficult
10.My coat is as _____________________________ as my sister s.
A.cheap B.cheaper C.cheapest D.the cheapest
11.They _______________ cook at home, and seldom eat outside.
A.usually B.never C.hardly D.seldom
12.I see the films, because I think it wastes(浪费) the time .
A.often B.seldom C.usually D.sometimes
13.—Do you like Sichuan food
—Yes. My brother and I like hot food very much.
A.all B.neither C.either D.both
14. the mountain is, the air is.
A.The highest; the thinnest B.Higher; thinner
C.The higher; the thinner D.The high;the thin
15.—Are the family ___ of the boy
—Certainly. He's the family's___.
A.proud, proud B.proud, pride C.pride, pride D.pride, proud
16. you learn, you know.
A.More; more B.Less; less
C.The more; the less D.The more; the more
17._____you study, ____ you'll be.
A.The hard, the luck B.The harder, the lucky
C.The harder, the luckier D.The harder, the luckyer
18.Lanzhou is the only capital city that the Yellow River, the second ____________________ river in China, passes through.
A.long B.longest C.longer D.length
19.—COVID-19 (新型冠状病毒) is still serious now.
—Yes, so we must always do ________ to protect ourselves.
helpful something B.nothing helpful C.something helpful
二、单词拼写(词汇运用)
20.He always makes a lot of mistakes in his homework because he is too     (粗心的).
21.How     (愚蠢的) of you to get out in the cold without a coat!
22.Meng Wanzhou finally returned
to her home country     (安全地)after almost three years under house arrest in Vancouver.
23.If you say that someone is    
(不礼貌的),you mean that they are rather rude and do not
have good manners.
24.It's going to be a really    
(有用的)tool to free them from everyday stress.
三、语法填空
25.I don't like seeing a movie on a mobile phone, because it makes me     (comfortable).
26.It is     (luck) for him to lose his wallet and phone on the playground.
27.Cars make our life much     (easy), but they also bring lots of problems.
28.I think what he says is   (possible). I can't believe the news.
29.It is
very   (help) for me to have
conversation with friends in English.
30.The kid seemed   (patient) when talking to his parents and couldn't wait to leave.
答案解析部分
1.【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:——我认为电脑比收音机重要得多。——我不同意你的观点。much表示……得多,修饰比较级,very很,too太,so这么,修饰形容词原级。根据后面more important than可知,此处指的是”比……重要得多“,故选:A。
【点评】考查词语辨析。注意识记much,very,too和so词义及用法,掌握much修饰比较级。
2.【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:看看我们的学校。它正变得越来越漂亮。beautiful漂亮的,形容词原级。表示越来越......多音节用more and more+原级,beautiful是多音节,所以用more and more beautiful越来越漂亮,故选C。
【点评】考查形容词比较级,注意平时表示越来越......多音节用more and more+原级。
3.【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:在我看来,一个家庭里的孩子越少,他们的生活越好。less,比较级,更少的,与不可数名词连用;better,比较级,更好的;fewer,更少的,与可数名词连用;richer,比较级,更富裕的;more,更多的;poorer,比较级,更穷的;根据句意可知,孩子越少,生活条件越好,故答案为B。
【点评】考查形容词比较级,注意形容词用法的辨析和句子意思的理解。
4.【答案】B
【解析】【分析】 句意:不要担心。他足够细心能照顾小Betty。enough 修饰形容词时,要后置,排除C选项;系动词后要跟形容词作表语,排除A,故选B。
【点评】考查enough的位置及形容词的用法,注意形容词作表语的用法。
5.【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:他们中的大多数都喜欢那些唱歌词很清晰的歌手。A:clearly清晰地;B:actively活跃地;C:widely广泛地;D:early早地。根据空格前sing the words of songs唱清晰的歌词,用clearly。故选A。
【点评】考查副词词义辨析。注意熟记各副词词义,根据语境选择合适副词。
6.【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:如果我仔细看的话,那就是站在巨人的肩膀上。A.清楚地,副词;B.仔细地,副词;C.努力地,副词;D.进一步,副词。根据by standing on the shoulders of giants,站在巨人的肩膀上,可知是仔细地看,故选B。
【点评】考查副词辨析,首先识记副词词义,然后根据关键词句和句意确定。
7.【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:——怎么了,肯? 你姐姐看起来很伤心。——她最好的朋友刚刚出事了。她受了重伤,几乎不能动弹。A. badly 严重地 B. simply 简单地 C. nearly几乎 D. heavy重的。根据can hardly move,几乎不能动弹,可知此处指“受了重伤”。故选A。
【点评】考查副词辨析。掌握副词的意思并能灵活运用。
8.【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意:开车的人越少,空气污染就越少。less,更少的,修饰不可数名词。fewer,更少的,修饰可数名词复数。people是可数名词,要用fewer修饰。air pollution,空气污染,是抽象名词,不可数,要用less修饰,故选D。
【点评】考查形容词比较级辨析。注意less修饰不可数名词,fewer修饰可数名词复数。
9.【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意: 如果你用心去做,对你而言没什么困难的。nothing没有什么;something某事,多用于肯定句;difficult困难的,形容词,修饰复合不定代词放在后面,根据 if you put your heart into it可知,此处指没什么困难的,故选B。
【点评】考查代词辨析和形容词原级。注意形容词修饰复合不定代词应该放在后面。
10.【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:我的上衣和我妹妹的一样便宜。cheap,便宜的,形容词。结合语句中的as…as,与……一样,中间要用形容词或副词的原级,故答案为A。
【点评】考查形容词原级的用法。注意as…as的含义及结构。
11.【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:他们通常在家做饭,很少在外面吃饭。usually 通常,never从不,hardly几乎不,seldom很少。根据 cook at home 和eat outside ,可知对比的关系,相反,和seldom相反的是usually,故选A。
【点评】考查副词辨析,注意识记usually,never,hardly和seldom的词义。
12.【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:我很少看电影,因为我认为那是浪费时间。A.经常;B.很少;C.通常;D.有时候。根据 I think it wastes(浪费) the time 可知,我很少看电影。故选B。
【点评】考查副词辨析,注意副词seldom的用法。
13.【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意:—— 你喜欢四川菜吗? ——是的。我哥哥和我都非常喜欢辣的食物。A.所有,全部;B.两者都不;C.两者中任何一个;D.两者都。根据 My brother and I 可知,此处是两者都。故选D。
【点评】考查代词辨析,注意副词both的用法。
14.【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:山越高,空气越稀薄。the+比较级,the+比较级,表示越……就越……,固定搭配,故答案为C。
【点评】考查形容词的比较级。识记形容词比较级的固定用法。
15.【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:——家人为这个男孩自豪吗?——当然。他是这个家庭的骄傲。proud自豪的,骄傲的,形容词,be proud of为……自豪,固定搭配,第一空填proud;根据family's,可知第二空应填名词,pride骄傲,名词;故选B。
【点评】考查形容词原级和名词,注意识记proud及pride的用法。
16.【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意:你学的越多,你知道的越多。the+比较级,the+比较级,越……就越……,排除A和B;根据句意可知是学的越多,知道的越多,故选D。
【点评】考查形容词比较级,注意识记“the+比较级,the+比较级”的用法。
17.【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:你学习越努力,你就会越幸运。the+比较级,the+比较级,表示越……就越……,固定句型,hard的比较级是harder,lucky的比较级是luckier,故选C。
【点评】考查比较级,注意理解“the+比较级,the+比较级”的用法。
18.【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:兰州是中国第二大河黄河流经的唯一首都城市。long长的,形容词原级;longer更长的,形容词比较级;the longest最长的,形容词最高级;length长度,名词。the+序数词+最高级,表示第几最……,固定搭配,故选B。
【点评】考查固定搭配the+序数词+最高级,理解句意。
19.【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:——新冠病毒现在仍然很严重。——是的,所以我们必须一直做一些有助于保护自己的事情。something某事,不定代词,常用于肯定句;nothing没什么,不定代词,常用于否定句或疑问句;根据句意可知该句是肯定句,形容词修饰不定代词时放在其后,故选C。
【点评】考查不定代词,注意识记不定代词的用法。
20.【答案】careless
【解析】【分析】句意:他总是在作业中犯很多错误,因为他太粗心。粗心的,careless,形容词,做is的表语,符合题意,故答案为careless。
【点评】考查形容词原级。识记形容词careless的正确拼写和用法。
21.【答案】silly/stupid
【解析】【分析】句意:你真笨傻,这么冷还不穿外套出去!句子是感叹句,how后跟形容词或副词,根据汉语提示,愚蠢的,silly/stupid ,形容词,符合题意,故答案为silly/stupid。
【点评】考查形容词原级。识记形容词silly/stupid的意义和正确拼写。
22.【答案】safely
【解析】【分析】句意:在温哥华软禁近三年后,孟晚舟终于安全返回祖国。安全地,safely,副词,修饰动词returned,故答案为safely。
【点评】考查副词safely的基本含义及书写。
23.【答案】impolite
【解析】【分析】句意:如果你说某人不礼貌,你的意思是他们相当粗鲁,没有礼貌。不礼貌的,impolite,形容词。结合语句可知此空要用原级,故答案为impolite。
【点评】考查形容词impolite的含义及书写。
24.【答案】helpful/useful
【解析】【分析】句意:这将是一个非常有用的工具,可以让他们从日常压力中解脱出来。有用的,helpful或useful,形容词。结合句意可知此句要用原级,故答案为helpful/useful。
【点评】考查形容词useful/helpful的基本含义及书写。
25.【答案】uncomfortable
【解析】【分析】句意:我不喜欢在手机上看电影,因为它让我不舒服。comfortable,舒服的,形容词。结合语句I don't like seeing a movie on a mobile phone, because it makes me…可知此空表示“不舒服的”,comfortable的反义词是uncomfortable。make sb+形容词,让某人处于某种状态,固定结构,故答案为uncomfortable。
【点评】考查形容词uncomfortable的含义及拼写。注意un是表示否定的前缀。
26.【答案】unlucky
【解析】【分析】句意:他在操场上丢了钱包和手机,真倒霉。luck,幸运,名词。结合语句It is…for him to lose his wallet and phone on the playground可知此空需要形容词,表示“不幸的”。luck对应的形容词是lucky,其反义词为unlucky。故答案为unlucky。
【点评】考查形容词unlucky的含义及书写。注意luck,unlucky与lucky的联系。
27.【答案】easier
【解析】【分析】句意:汽车使我们的生活更加轻松,但也带来了很多问题。固定词组make sth.+形容词,使某物……,形容词充当宾语补足语,much修饰比较级,easy比较级为easier,故填:easier。
【点评】考查语法填空。注意识记easy和easier词义及用法,掌握词组make sth.+形容词,以及much修饰比较级。
28.【答案】impossible
【解析】【分析】句意:我觉得他说的是不可能的。我不敢相信这个消息。possible,可能的,形容词。其反义词形式是impossible,不可能的。根据 I can't believe the news.我不敢相信这个消息,可知,他说的是不可能的。故填impossible。
【点评】考查语法填空和反义词。掌握所给词的词义,结合句意选择恰当的词性和词义,写出答案。
29.【答案】helpful
【解析】【分析】句意:用英语和朋友交谈对我很有帮助。 It is+形容词+for sb to do sth对某人来说做某事是……的,固定句型;help帮助,动词或名词,其形容词形式是helpful。故填helpful。
【点评】考查形容词,注意固定句型 It is+形容词+for sb to do sth的用法。
30.【答案】impatient
【解析】【分析】句意: 孩子跟父母说话时显得……,迫不及待地离开了。 空缺部分作seemed的表语,要用形容词,根据couldn't wait to leave,可知孩子显得不耐烦的。 patient 有耐心的,impatient 不耐烦的。故答案为impatient。
【点评】 考查形容词,要根据语境推测要填内容表达的含义,然后用合适的词的形式完成句子。

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