资源简介

1．prior adj．先前的；优先的(priority n．优先事项；最重要的事)
◎prior to 　　　 在……之前的(to为介词)
◎give priority to 优先考虑；给予……优先权
have/take priority (for．．．) over．．． 较……(在……方面)享有优先权
◎Prior to participating in the activity，my father reminded me to be in association with those thinking positively．
参加活动前，父亲提醒我要和积极思考的人交往。
2．association n．协会；社团；关联；联想；交往(associate vt．联想；联系 vi．交往 adj．副的；联合的 associated adj．相关的；有关联的)
◎in association with．．． 与……合作；与……有关联
◎associate．．．with．．． 把……和……联系在一起
associate with sb． 与某人交往/打交道
◎be associated with 与……有关
◎(2023·浙江1月卷)Thanks to Beijing's long history as the capital of China，almost every hutong has its stories，and some are even associated with historic events．
由于北京作为中国首都的悠久历史，几乎每个胡同都有自己的故事，有些甚至与历史事件有关。
3．quantity n．数量；数额
a large/small quantity of　　　 大/少量的
(large) quantities of 大量的
in large quantities/in quantity 大量地
in small quantities 少量地
◎(应用文写作之邀请信)I know you once participated in a robot competition and won an award，so you must have accumulated a large quantity of/large quantities of experience．
我知道你曾经参加过机器人大赛，并且获了奖，因此你肯定积累了大量的经验。
4．trick n．诀窍；计谋；诡计；把戏 vt．欺骗；欺诈(tricky adj．难办的；难对付的；狡猾的；诡计多端的)
◎play a trick/tricks on sb． 捉弄某人
the trick of doing sth． 做某事的诀窍
do the trick 奏效；起作用
◎trick sb． into doing sth． 欺骗某人做某事
trick sb．out of sth． 骗取某人某物
◎(应用文写作之建议信)The trick of remembering new vocabulary is to use it in sentences as often as possible．
记新词汇的窍门是尽可能经常在句子中使用它。
◎(读后续写之动作描写)On April Fool's Day，Jenny played a trick/tricks on her brother by putting salt instead of sugar．
在愚人节，珍妮捉弄了她哥哥，把糖换成盐。
5．consist of由……组成(或构成)(consistent adj．一致的；连续的 consistency n．一致性；连贯性)
◎consist in＝lie in　　　 在于；存在于
consist of＝be made up of＝be composed of＝be comprised of 由……组成
consist with 与……一致/相符
◎be consistent with 与……一致
◎(读后续写之主旨升华)It is universally acknowledged that life consists of/is made up of not only sunshine but also storms．
大家都知道，生活中不仅有阳光，还有风雨。
6．regardless adv．不顾；不加理会
◎regardless of　　　 不管；不顾(侧重指不计后果和代价)
regardless of the fact that．．． 不顾……的事实
◎in spite of＝despite 尽管(后常接名词，不接从句)
despite/in spite of the fact that．．． 尽管事实是……
◎with regard to 关于；至于
◎Regardless of the fact that they lacked cooking experience，the twins still prepared an exceptional breakfast for their mother with great expectations．
不顾他们缺乏烹饪经验的事实，双胞胎仍然满怀期待地为妈妈准备了一顿特别的早餐。
7．cut down 减少
cut down on　　　　 减少；削减
cut out (of sth．) 删除；剪下；停止做(或使用、食用)
cut across 抄近路；走捷径
cut in 插嘴；打断；超车抢道
cut off 切断(供给)；中断
be cut off (from) 被隔绝；与……隔绝
◎A kitten brought light into our gloomy days cut off from the outside world．
一只小猫给我们与外界隔绝的郁闷的日子带来了光明。
1．Prior to coming to China，my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America，with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American tastes．(had been done)
来中国之前，我只在美国接触过中式烹饪，那里的中国食物已被改变，以适应美国人的口味。
2．On the other hand，it does tell us a lot about Americans．(强调谓语动词)
另一方面，它确实让我们对美国人有了很多的了解。
3．Everywhere，the food was as varied as the people．(as．．．as．．．平级比较)
所到之处的美食与当地人一样精彩纷呈。
4．They had finished their dinner by the time Sam joined them．(by the time引导时间状语从句)
当萨姆加入他们时，他们已经吃完晚饭了。
5．形容词(短语)作状语
Tired，hungry，and not knowing a word of Chinese，we had no idea how to order，so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten．
我们疲惫不堪，饥肠辘辘，也不认识一个汉字，不知道该怎么点餐，所以厨师径自在我们的桌子上摆满食物；那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。
◎形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。
◎形容词(短语)作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状态。
◎修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语。
◎(读后续写之情感描写)Cold and hungry，I wandered aimlessly in the empty street，wondering about my future．
又冷又饿，我在空荡荡的街道上漫无目的地徘徊，思考着我的未来。
6．倍数表达法
And in America，people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day．
在美国，每天从糖分中摄取25%或更高卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是日摄取量少于10%的人的两倍。
四种表达“倍数”的句型：
◎A＋谓语＋倍数＋adj．/adv．的比较级＋than＋B；
◎A＋谓语＋倍数＋as＋adj．/adv．的原级＋as＋B；
◎A＋谓语＋倍数＋the＋名词(size/length/width/height/depth．．．)＋of＋B；
◎A＋谓语＋倍数＋what从句，意为“A是……的多少倍”。
◎The short film tells about the development of our school．Now our new school is three times as large as/three times larger than/three times the size of what it was ten years ago．
这部短片讲述了我们学校的发展。现在，我们新学校的面积是10年前的三倍大。
Ⅰ．重点词汇对点练
1．prior
①(外研版选择性必修第四册Unit 3)Prior ____________ that，the only great historical works I had been exposed to were Homer's epic poems．
②The badly wounded take priority ________ those only slightly hurt in terms of medical attention．
③Prior to ____________(visit) the Dunhuang Mogao Caves，the only ancient Chinese art I had been familiar with were ink wash paintings from the Song Dynasty．
④(读后续写之主旨升华)他最终实现了自己的目标。在成功之前，他面临了无数的挫折和失败，但他从未放弃。
He finally achieved his goal． ________________________，he had faced numerous setbacks and failures，but he never gave up．
2．association
①(北师大版选择性必修第三册Unit 7)This ____________(associate)can exist，but it is just as possible for someone with a low IQ to have a high EQ or someone with a high IQ to have a low EQ．
②Generally speaking，we will associate a person's character ____________ his family surroundings．
③与流感相关的症状，如发热和咳嗽，常常可能被误认为是其他疾病的症状。
The symptoms ________________________，such as fever and cough，can often be mistaken for those of other illnesses． (association n．)
→The symptoms ______________________，such as fever and cough，can often be mistaken for those of other illnesses． (associated adj．)
3．quantity
①A large quantity ____________ water is needed to irrigate the crops，which ensures their healthy growth and high yield．
②Take air traffic for example．When passenger drones are flying above our cities ____________ large quantities，the sky gets more and more crowded．
③Large ____________(quantity) of desserts are consumed by the madam，who receives more calories than necessary．
④(应用文写作之景点介绍)长城是举世闻名的旅游景点，每年吸引着大量的国内外游客。
The Great Wall is a world-famous tourist destination ______________________
____________________________________________________________________ from home and abroad every year．
4．trick
①Lisa tricked her shy roommate into ________(join)the English speech contest by pretending she was “too nervous to go alone”．
②(译林版必修第一册Unit 3)When I found out that I ____________(trick)by him，I was really hurt and let go of our friendship．
③It is with your generous help that the ________(trick) problem was easily approached．
④(读后续写之情绪描写)那个顽皮的男孩捉弄那个害羞的女孩，女孩发脾气了，她气得脸颊通红。
The naughty boy ____________________________________，who lost her temper，her cheeks flaming with anger．
5．consist of
①When we live in a way consistent ________ our beliefs，we find true satisfaction．
②Keep in mind that our ideal life is not always ____________ (consist) with the reality．
③It is a fact that the beauty of Mount Tai consists ____________ its charming scenery and rich culture．
④由五位医生和七名护士组成的救援队已被派往灾区。
The rescue team ____________________________________ five doctors and seven nurses has been sent to the disaster areas．(分词作定语)
→The rescue team ________________________________________________ five doctors and seven nurses has been sent to the disaster areas．(定语从句)
6．regardless
①____________ (regard)，it looks like advertising will continue to play a very important role in our society for years to come．
②They are about the peaceful gathering of 204 National Olympic Committees—regardless ____________ ethnic origin，gender，religion or political system．
③With regard ____________ the qualification of the competition，anybody is welcome to participate regardless of their English proficiency．
④作为一名自然摄影师，我不得不勇敢地面对恶劣天气。尽管风雨交加，我仍然喜欢在野外工作。
As a nature photographer，I have to brave the elements． But ________________________________________________，I still enjoy working outside in the wild．
⑤(应用文写作之人物介绍)尽管事实是他面临着无数的挫折，他仍然意志坚定，继续追逐他的梦想。
____________________________________________________________________
he was faced with numerous setbacks，he remained determined and continued to pursue his dreams．
7．cut down
①(外研版必修第一册Unit 5)They cut ____________ trees and use chemicals that kill the plants that monarch caterpillars eat．
②It's impolite to cut ____________ while others are speaking，especially during formal discussions．
③The editor decided to cut the controversial paragraph out ____________ the final draft．
④(应用文写作之建议信)同样重要的是减少高脂食物的摄入，并从饮食中剔除糖分。
Equally important is to ________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________．
Ⅱ．高频词汇精准练
1．According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research，both the size and ____________(consume) habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake．
2．No one can deny the fact that fresh air is fundamental ____________ good health，so we must regularly go outdoors．
3．Paper produced every year is three times the weight ____________ the world's production of vehicles．
4．Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with ____________ (minimize) delay．
5．By the time he died in 2016，Ali ____________(recognize) as one of the greatest boxers of all time．
Ⅲ．多义词汇语段练(依次写出语段中黑体单词的词性及含义)
1．Jack was once proud of his clever tricks to solve math problems quickly． But when he saw a street performer amazing people with wonderful tricks that required great trick，he realized true excellence came from hard work，not tricking others or taking shortcuts．
①________________　②___________________
③________________　④___________________
2．When moving to the new dorm，I had to stuff all my stuff like books and clothes into the suitcase． Later，after settling down，I found the stuff of decorating the room with my roommate quite enjoyable，making the space feel warm and cozy．
①________________　②___________________
③________________
Ⅳ．写作句式迁移练
1．当他到家的时候，他发现他的家被人闯入了。(had been done)
When he arrived at his house，_________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________．
2．我们确实希望今后有更多这样有意义的活动。(强调谓语动词)
________________________ that there will be more such meaningful activities in the coming future．
3．既兴奋又欣喜若狂，孩子们从公交车上下来，冲向海边，开始快乐地玩了起来。(形容词短语作状语)
________________________，the children got off the bus，rushed to the seaside and began playing happily．
4．她的心灵像雪一样纯洁，因此她受到同学们的欢迎。(as．．．as．．．)
____________________________________，so she is popular with her classmates．
5．我花在学习上的时间是你的三倍。(倍数表达法)
I spent _____________________________________________________________
my study as you did．
假定你是李华，你将接受校英语报专栏“A Bite of My Hometown”的主持人Cindy的访问。请你写一篇有关中国传统食物的发言稿，内容包括：
1．介绍一种美食；
2．说明该美食背后的意义；
3．邀请来体验美食。
注意：写作词数应为80个左右。
①饺子是中国北方的一种传统食物，与许多重要的场合有关。(in association with；定语从句)
Dumplings are a kind of traditional Chinese food in Northern China，________
____________________________________________________________________．
②尤其是在春节期间，全家人会其乐融融地聚在一起包饺子。(形容词短语作状语)
________________________，the whole family will gather together to make dumplings，especially during the Spring Festival．
③要做出好看又好吃的饺子，需要很多技巧。(trick)
________________________________________________ which look attractive and taste delicious．
④包饺子主要包括三个步骤——准备生面团并将其制成薄片，用薄片包裹各种馅料并在沸水中煮熟。(consist of)
Making dumplings mainly ________________________—preparing the dough and making it into slices，wrapping various stuffing with the slices and boiling them in boiled water．
⑤饺子真的是一种美味的食物，来中国时一定要亲自品尝。(强调谓语动词)
Dumplings are really a delicious food and _______________________________
____________________________________________________________________．
把以上句子用适当的过渡词和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文。
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感激、 感动 ①give sb． a grateful look感激地看了某人一眼 ②nod gratefully感激地点点头 ③with a lump in one's throat哽咽地 ④shed tears of gratitude流下感激的泪水 ⑤be moved to tears感动得落泪
温暖、 宽慰 ①feel the warmth of感到……的温暖 ②warmth flood one's heart温暖涌上心头 ③relief surge through sb．某人顿觉宽慰 ④breathe a sigh of relief/sigh/gasp with relief松了一口气 ⑤to one's relief使人欣慰/放心的是
骄傲、 满意 ①glow with pride/feel a glow/thrill/rush of pride/one's heart swells with pride非常自豪/骄傲 ②a look/smile/beam of satisfaction心满意足的表情/笑容
微情景1　“社会生活”——事故后路人帮助后的“感激、温暖、如释重负”
On a cold morning，Peter was nearly knocked down by a passing car when a passer-by pushed him to safety． ①_____________________________________(他眼中充满感激的泪水)，he thanked the passer-by ②________________________(他喉咙哽咽)，“Thank you so much！” But the passer-by just ③________________(温暖地微笑)． Peter felt warm in the cold weather，believing there was kindness in every corner． ④________________________(深受感动/触动)，the crowd clapped their hands loudly． Later，knowing what had happened，Peter's mother ⑤____________________________________(满怀感激之情)．
微情景2　“社区温情”——收到邻居帮助后的“感激和温暖”
With everything ready，Bernard started out on his new business． Carrying the basket with excitement，he set off to sell the popcorn from door to door．①__________________________________(他感受到了邻居们善意的温暖) as they opened their doors to him． Touched by such a little boy's efforts to support his family，people were glad to buy one bag or two．②__________________________ (温暖之情涌上他的心头) when he saw the smiles on their faces and heard their encouraging words．③________________________ (他顿觉宽慰) as the last bag of popcorn was sold．④________________________(他松了一口气)．His pocket was now filled with jingling coins and his basket was finally empty．To his relief，not only had he earned some money，but he had also experienced the kindness of strangers． ⑤____________________________________(他的心中充满了感激之情)to the kind Merediths． Not only did they help the boy in need，but they also gave themselves the sweet taste of helping others．
选择性必修第二册　UNIT 3
自查区　单元词句精练
Ⅰ．1．①to　②over　③visiting　④Prior to his success
2．①association　②with　③in association with the flu；(that/which are) associated with the flu
3．①of　②in　③quantities　④attracting a large quantity of tourists
4．①joining　②was tricked　③tricky　④played a trick/tricks on the shy girl
5．①with　②consistent　③in　④consisting of/made up of/composed of/comprised of；which/that consists of/is made up of/is composed of/is comprised of
6．①Regardless　②of　③to　④despite/in spite of the wind and the rain　⑤Despite/In spite of the fact that
7．①down　②in　③of　④cut down on fatty foods and cut sugar out of your diet
Ⅱ．1．consumption　2．to　3．of　4．minimum　5．had been recognized
Ⅲ．1．①n．诀窍；窍门　②n．戏法；把戏　③n．技巧　④v．欺骗
2．①v．把……塞进　②n．物品；东西　③n．活儿；事儿
Ⅳ．1．he found that his house had been broken into　2．We do hope　3．Excited and overjoyed　4．Her soul is as pure as snow　5．three times as much time on
练表达　主题引领写作
应用文写作
完成句子
①which are in association with many significant occasions
②Happy and delighted　③Many tricks are needed to make good dumplings　④consists of three procedures　⑤do taste them in person when visiting China
组句成篇
Thank you，Cindy，for giving me a precious opportunity to talk about one of the traditional food in China．Today，I'd like to introduce dumplings to you．Dumplings are a kind of traditional Chinese food in Northern China，which are in association with many significant occasions．Happy and delighted，the whole family will gather together to make dumplings，especially during the Spring Festival．Besides, many tricks are needed to make good dumplings which look attractive and taste delicious．Basically, making dumplings mainly consists of three procedures—preparing the dough and making it into slices，wrapping various stuffing with the slices and boiling them in boiled water．
Dumplings are really a delicious food and do taste them in person when visiting China．
Thank you again!
读后续写
语料运用
微情景1　①With grateful tears/tears of gratitude filling his eyes
②with a lump in his throat　③smiled warmly　④Touched/Moved deeply　⑤was overwhelmed by gratitude
微情景2　①He felt the warmth of the neighbors' kindness
②Warmth flooded his heart　③Relief surged through him
④He breathed a sigh of relief　⑤His heart was overwhelmed with gratitude
12/12(共127张PPT)
选择性必修第二册　
UNIT 3　FOOD AND CULTURE
第一部分 教材知识讲练
单元主题串记
自学区——单元词句复盘
1．prior adj．先前的；优先的(priority n．优先事项；最重要的事)
◎prior to 在……之前的(to为介词)
◎give priority to 优先考虑；给予……优先权
have/take priority (for...) over... 较……(在……方面)享有优先权
◎Prior to participating in the activity，my father reminded me to be in association with those thinking positively．
参加活动前，父亲提醒我要和积极思考的人交往。
2．association n．协会；社团；关联；联想；交往(associate vt．联想；联系 vi．交往 adj．副的；联合的 associated adj．相关的；有关联的)
◎in association with... 与……合作；与……有关联
◎associate...with... 把……和……联系在一起
associate with sb． 与某人交往/打交道
◎be associated with 与……有关
◎(2023·浙江1月卷)Thanks to Beijing's long history as the capital of China，almost every hutong has its stories，and some are even associated with historic events．
由于北京作为中国首都的悠久历史，几乎每个胡同都有自己的故事，有些甚至与历史事件有关。
3．quantity n．数量；数额
a large/small quantity of　　　 大/少量的
(large) quantities of 大量的
in large quantities/in quantity 大量地
in small quantities 少量地
【思维拓展】　a quantity of/quantities of 既可以修饰可数名词也可以修饰不可数名词。“a quantity of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词与 of后的名词的数保持一致；“quantities of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。(教师独具)
◎(应用文写作之邀请信)I know you once participated in a robot competition and won an award，so you must have accumulated a large quantity of/large quantities of experience．
我知道你曾经参加过机器人大赛， 并且获了奖， 因此你肯定积累了大量的经验。
4．trick n．诀窍；计谋；诡计；把戏 vt．欺骗；欺诈(tricky adj．难办的；难对付的；狡猾的；诡计多端的)
◎play a trick/tricks on sb． 捉弄某人
the trick of doing sth． 做某事的诀窍
do the trick 奏效；起作用
◎trick sb．into doing sth． 欺骗某人做某事
trick sb．out of sth． 骗取某人某物
◎(应用文写作之建议信)The trick of remembering new vocabulary is to use it in sentences as often as possible．
记新词汇的窍门是尽可能经常在句子中使用它。
◎(读后续写之动作描写)On April Fool's Day，Jenny played a trick/tricks on her brother by putting salt instead of sugar．
在愚人节，珍妮捉弄了她哥哥，把糖换成盐。
5．consist of由……组成(或构成)(consistent adj．一致的；连续的 consistency n．一致性；连贯性)
◎consist in＝lie in　　　　 在于；存在于
consist of＝be made up of＝be composed of＝be comprised of
由……组成
consist with 与……一致/相符
◎be consistent with与 ……一致
◎(读后续写之主旨升华)It is universally acknowledged that life consists of/is made up of not only sunshine but also storms．
大家都知道，生活中不仅有阳光，还有风雨。
6．regardless adv．不顾；不加理会
◎regardless of 不管；不顾(侧重指不计后果和代价)
regardless of the fact that... 不顾……的事实
◎in spite of＝despite 尽管(后常接名词，不接从句)
despite/in spite of the fact that... 尽管事实是……
◎with regard to 关于；至于
◎Regardless of the fact that they lacked cooking experience，the twins still prepared an exceptional breakfast for their mother with great expectations．
不顾他们缺乏烹饪经验的事实，双胞胎仍然满怀期待地为妈妈准备了一顿特别的早餐。
7．cut down 减少
cut down on 减少；削减
cut out (of sth．) 删除；剪下；停止做(或使用、食用)
cut across 抄近路；走捷径
cut in 插嘴；打断；超车抢道
cut off 切断(供给)；中断
be cut off (from) 被隔绝；与……隔绝
◎A kitten brought light into our gloomy days cut off from the outside world．
一只小猫给我们与外界隔绝的郁闷的日子带来了光明。
1．Prior to coming to China，my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America，with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American tastes．(had been done)
来中国之前，我只在美国接触过中式烹饪，那里的中国食物已被改变，以适应美国人的口味。
2．On the other hand，it does tell us a lot about Americans．(强调谓语动词)
另一方面，它确实让我们对美国人有了很多的了解。
3．Everywhere，the food was as varied as the people．(as...as...平级比较)
所到之处的美食与当地人一样精彩纷呈。
4．They had finished their dinner by the time Sam joined them．(by the time引导时间状语从句)
当萨姆加入他们时，他们已经吃完晚饭了。
5．形容词(短语)作状语
Tired，hungry，and not knowing a word of Chinese，we had no idea how to order，so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten．
我们疲惫不堪，饥肠辘辘，也不认识一个汉字，不知道该怎么点餐，所以厨师径自在我们的桌子上摆满食物；那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。
◎形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。
◎形容词(短语)作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状态。
◎修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语。
◎(读后续写之情感描写)Cold and hungry，I wandered aimlessly in the empty street，wondering about my future．
又冷又饿，我在空荡荡的街道上漫无目的地徘徊，思考着我的未来。
6．倍数表达法
And in America，people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day．
在美国，每天从糖分中摄取25%或更高卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是日摄取量少于10%的人的两倍。
四种表达“倍数”的句型：
◎A＋谓语＋倍数＋adj．/adv．的比较级＋than＋B；
◎A＋谓语＋倍数＋as＋adj．/adv．的原级＋as＋B；
◎A＋谓语＋倍数＋the＋名词(size/length/width/height/depth...)＋of＋B；
◎A＋谓语＋倍数＋what从句，意为“A是……的多少倍”。
◎The short film tells about the development of our school．Now our new school is three times as large as/three times larger than/three times the size of what it was ten years ago．
这部短片讲述了我们学校的发展。现在，我们新学校的面积是10年前的三倍大。
自查区——单元词句精炼
Ⅰ．重点词汇对点练
1．prior
①(外研版选择性必修第四册Unit 3)Prior __ that，the only great historical works I had been exposed to were Homer's epic poems．
②The badly wounded take priority ____ those only slightly hurt in terms of medical attention．
to
over
③Prior to ________(visit) the Dunhuang Mogao Caves，the only ancient Chinese art I had been familiar with were ink wash paintings from the Song Dynasty．
④(读后续写之主旨升华)他最终实现了自己的目标。在成功之前，他面临了无数的挫折和失败，但他从未放弃。
He finally achieved his goal．___________________，he had faced numerous setbacks and failures，but he never gave up．
visiting
Prior to his success
2．association
①(北师大版选择性必修第三册Unit 7)This ___________(associate)can exist，but it is just as possible for someone with a low IQ to have a high EQ or someone with a high IQ to have a low EQ．
②Generally speaking，we will associate a person's character _____ his family surroundings．
association
with
③与流感相关的症状，如发热和咳嗽，常常可能被误认为是其他疾病的症状。
The symptoms ________________________，such as fever and cough，can often be mistaken for those of other illnesses．(association n．)
→The symptoms __________________________________________，such as fever and cough，can often be mistaken for those of other illnesses．(associated adj．)
in association with the flu
(that/which are) associated with the flu
3．quantity
①A large quantity __ water is needed to irrigate the crops，which ensures their healthy growth and high yield．
②Take air traffic for example．When passenger drones are flying above our cities __ large quantities，the sky gets more and more crowded．
③Large __________(quantity) of desserts are consumed by the madam，who receives more calories than necessary．
of
in
quantities
④(应用文写作之景点介绍)长城是举世闻名的旅游景点，每年吸引着大量的国内外游客。
The Great Wall is a world-famous tourist destination _______________
______________________ from home and abroad every year．
attracting a
large quantity of tourists
4．trick
①Lisa tricked her shy roommate into _______(join)the English speech contest by pretending she was “too nervous to go alone”．
②(译林版必修第一册Unit 3)When I found out that I ______________
(trick)by him，I was really hurt and let go of our friendship．
③It is with your generous help that the ______(trick) problem was easily approached．
joining
was tricked
tricky
④(读后续写之情绪描写)那个顽皮的男孩捉弄那个害羞的女孩，女孩发脾气了，她气得脸颊通红。
The naughty boy ________________________________，who lost her temper，her cheeks flaming with anger．
played a trick/tricks on the shy girl
5．consist of
①When we live in a way consistent _____ our beliefs，we find true satisfaction．
②Keep in mind that our ideal life is not always __________ (consist) with the reality．
③It is a fact that the beauty of Mount Tai consists __ its charming scenery and rich culture．
with
consistent
in
④由五位医生和七名护士组成的救援队已被派往灾区。
The rescue team ____________________________________________ five doctors and seven nurses has been sent to the disaster areas．(分词作定语)
→The rescue team ___________________________________________
__________________ five doctors and seven nurses has been sent to the disaster areas．(定语从句)
consisting of/made up of/composed of/comprised of
which/that consists of/is made up of/is composed
of/is comprised of
6．regardless
①___________ (regard)，it looks like advertising will continue to play a very important role in our society for years to come．
②They are about the peaceful gathering of 204 National Olympic Committees—regardless __ ethnic origin，gender，religion or political system．
Regardless
of
③With regard __ the qualification of the competition，anybody is welcome to participate regardless of their English proficiency．
④作为一名自然摄影师，我不得不勇敢地面对恶劣天气。尽管风雨交加，我仍然喜欢在野外工作。
As a nature photographer，I have to brave the elements．But ____________________________________，I still enjoy working outside in the wild．
to
despite/in spite of the wind and the rain
⑤(应用文写作之人物介绍)尽管事实是他面临着无数的挫折，他仍然意志坚定，继续追逐他的梦想。
_______________________________ he was faced with numerous setbacks，he remained determined and continued to pursue his dreams．
Despite/In spite of the fact that
7．cut down
①(外研版必修第一册Unit 5)They cut _____ trees and use chemicals that kill the plants that monarch caterpillars eat．
②It's impolite to cut __ while others are speaking，especially during formal discussions．
③The editor decided to cut the controversial paragraph out __ the final draft．
down
in
of
④(应用文写作之建议信)同样重要的是减少高脂食物的摄入，并从饮食中剔除糖分。
Equally important is to ________________________________________
___________．
cut down on fatty foods and cut sugar out of
your diet
Ⅱ．高频词汇精准练
1．According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research，both the size and __________(consume) habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake．
2．No one can deny the fact that fresh air is fundamental __ good health，so we must regularly go outdoors．
consumption
to
3．Paper produced every year is three times the weight __ the world's production of vehicles．
4．Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with __________ (minimize) delay．
5．By the time he died in 2016，Ali _________________(recognize) as one of the greatest boxers of all time．
of
minimum
had been recognized
Ⅲ．多义词汇语段练(依次写出语段中黑体单词的词性及含义)
1．Jack was once proud of his clever tricks to solve math problems quickly．But when he saw a street performer amazing people with wonderful tricks that required great trick，he realized true excellence came from hard work，not tricking others or taking shortcuts．
①_____________　②_____________　③_______　④_______
n．诀窍；窍门
n．戏法；把戏
n．技巧
v．欺骗
2．When moving to the new dorm，I had to stuff all my stuff like books and clothes into the suitcase．Later，after settling down，I found the stuff of decorating the room with my roommate quite enjoyable，making the space feel warm and cozy．
①_____________　②_____________　③_____________
v．把……塞进
n．物品；东西
n．活儿；事儿
Ⅳ．写作句式迁移练
1．当他到家的时候，他发现他的家被人闯入了。(had been done)
When he arrived at his house，_________________________________
____________．
2．我们确实希望今后有更多这样有意义的活动。(强调谓语动词)
____________ that there will be more such meaningful activities in the coming future．
he found that his house had been
broken into
We do hope
3．既兴奋又欣喜若狂，孩子们从公交车上下来，冲向海边，开始快乐地玩了起来。(形容词短语作状语)
____________________，the children got off the bus，rushed to the seaside and began playing happily．
4．她的心灵像雪一样纯洁，因此她受到同学们的欢迎。(as...as...)
_______________________，so she is popular with her classmates．
5．我花在学习上的时间是你的三倍。(倍数表达法)
I spent _________________________ my study as you did．
Excited and overjoyed
Her soul is as pure as snow
three times as much time on
Ⅴ．阅读词汇语境练(写出句中黑体词的词性及含义)(教师独具)
1．We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in Shanghai． ___________
2．He had saved a modest amount of money，which made him very happy． ___________
3．I think that is one of the major ingredients for his success． _______
4．He explained somewhat unconvincingly that the company was paying for everything． _________
5．He believes better relations with China are fundamental to the well-being of the area． ___________
adj．特别的
adj．些许的
n．要素
adv．稍微
adj．根本的
练表达——主题引领写作
假定你是李华，你将接受校英语报专栏“A Bite of My Hometown”的主持人Cindy的访问。请你写一篇有关中国传统食物的发言稿，内容包括：
1．介绍一种美食；
2．说明该美食背后的意义；
3．邀请来体验美食。
注意：写作词数应为80个左右。
①饺子是中国北方的一种传统食物，与许多重要的场合有关。(in association with；定语从句)
Dumplings are a kind of traditional Chinese food in Northern China，____________________________________________________．
which are in association with many significant occasions
②尤其是在春节期间，全家人会其乐融融地聚在一起包饺子。(形容词短语作状语)
__________________，the whole family will gather together to make dumplings，especially during the Spring Festival．
③要做出好看又好吃的饺子，需要很多技巧。(trick)
_________________________________________ which look attractive and taste delicious．
Happy and delighted
Many tricks are needed to make good dumplings
④包饺子主要包括三个步骤——准备生面团并将其制成薄片，用薄片包裹各种馅料并在沸水中煮熟。(consist of)
Making dumplings mainly _________________________—preparing the dough and making it into slices，wrapping various stuffing with the slices and boiling them in boiled water．
consists of three procedures
⑤饺子真的是一种美味的食物，来中国时一定要亲自品尝。(强调谓语动词)
Dumplings are really a delicious food and ________________________
_______________．
do taste them in person when
visiting China
把以上句子用适当的过渡词和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文。
Thank you，Cindy，for giving me a precious opportunity to talk about one of the traditional food in China．Today，I'd like to introduce dumplings to you．Dumplings are a kind of traditional Chinese food in Northern China，which are in association with many significant occasions．Happy and delighted，the whole family will gather together to make dumplings，especially during the Spring
Festival．Besides，many tricks are needed to make good dumplings which look attractive and taste delicious．Basically，making dumplings mainly consists of three procedures—preparing the dough and making it into slices，wrapping various stuffing with the slices and boiling them in boiled water．
Dumplings are really a delicious food and do taste them in person when visiting China．
Thank you again!
感激、 感动 ①give sb．a grateful look感激地看了某人一眼 ②nod gratefully感激地点点头 ③with a lump in one's throat哽咽地 ④shed tears of gratitude流下感激的泪水 ⑤be moved to tears感动得落泪
温暖、 宽慰 ①feel the warmth of感到……的温暖 ②warmth flood one's heart温暖涌上心头 ③relief surge through sb．某人顿觉宽慰 ④breathe a sigh of relief/sigh/gasp with relief松了一口气 ⑤to one's relief使人欣慰/放心的是
骄傲、 满意 ①glow with pride/feel a glow/thrill/rush of pride/one's heart swells with pride非常自豪/骄傲
②a look/smile/beam of satisfaction心满意足的表情/笑容
微情景1　“社会生活”——事故后路人帮助后的“感激、温暖、如释重负”
On a cold morning，Peter was nearly knocked down by a passing car when a passer-by pushed him to safety．①____________________
_________________________(他眼中充满感激的泪水)，he thanked the passer-by ②______________________(他喉咙哽咽)，“Thank you so much！” But the passer-by just ③______________(温暖地微笑)．
With grateful tears/tears
of gratitude filling his eyes
with a lump in his throat
smiled warmly
Peter felt warm in the cold weather，believing there was kindness in every corner．④______________________(深受感动/触动)，the crowd clapped their hands loudly．Later，knowing what had happened，Peter's mother ⑤____________________________(满怀感激之情)．
Touched/Moved deeply
was overwhelmed by gratitude
微情景2　“社区温情”——收到邻居帮助后的“感激和温暖”
With everything ready，Bernard started out on his new business．Carrying the basket with excitement，he set off to sell the popcorn from door to door．①_________________________________
___________(他感受到了邻居们善意的温暖) as they opened their doors to him．Touched by such a little boy's efforts to support his family，people were glad to buy one bag or two．②_______________________ (温暖之情涌上他的心头) when he saw the
He felt the warmth of the neighbors'
kindness
Warmth flooded his heart
smiles on their faces and heard their encouraging words．③________________________ (他顿觉宽慰) as the last bag of popcorn was sold．④________________________(他松了一口气)．His pocket was now filled with jingling coins and his basket was finally empty．To his relief，not only had he earned some money，but he had also experienced the kindness of strangers．⑤________________________
________________ (他的心中充满了感激之情)to the kind Merediths．
Not only did they help the boy in need，but they also gave themselves the sweet taste of helping others．
Relief surged through him
He breathed a sigh of relief
His heart was overwhelmed
with gratitude
题型组合练(二十四)
(建议用时：45分钟　总分：50分)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2026·天津红桥区模拟)
Fresh peas often take so long to reach grocery stores that they usually lose their original flavor and texture (质地) when you eat them．Frozen peas，which are frozen within hours of being picked，keep their sweetness and crispness，not to mention their bright color．
While people in cold climates have been preserving food by freezing for longer than we probably can record，in the early 20th century，processed-food companies had a lot to learn when it came to making defrosted (解冻的) fish and other foodstuffs delicious．Frozen food always took on a depressingly mushy texture (糊状质地)．
The idea of making food eatable for the future by freezing had been appealing for quite some time．Sir Francis Bacon，the famous statesman who is behind what we now call the scientific method—in which an observation leads to a question that can be tested—conducted a food-freezing experiment in 1626．Bacon noticed food could be stored longer in winter，so he had a chicken's body stuffed with snow to see if it would be well preserved．His death prohibited him from continuing the experiment，but the concept had legs．
A turning point in the frozen food industry's history came when Clarence Birdseye，a naturalist，lived in Labrador between 1912 and 1915．There he learned about the customs of the Inuit，who would go ice fishing and then let their catch immediately freeze in the very cold air．When this frozen fish，which was left out in the cold，was eventually cooked，it tasted fresh and delicious．He applied the same method to cabbages，and it worked wonderfully．
Later，Birdseye launched a series of inventions using the idea of quick freezing．However，frozen food didn't find its feet then．Large numbers of Americans first tasted frozen food in the 1940s，during World War Ⅱ，when there was a shortage of canned goods．Even more significant was the fact that while men were off fighting，women took jobs outside the home，causing them to seek faster ways to fix meals．
It took trial and error to discover the foods that froze well and to improve refrigeration in transportation systems，in stores，and in people's homes．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了冷冻食品的历史与发展，包括早期面临的挑战、关键实验与发明以及在二战期间的普及等。
1．What challenge did processed food companies face in the early 20th century
A．To promote sales of frozen products．
B．To harvest ripe vegetables in a short time．
C．To keep the original color of frozen products．
D．To preserve the flavor and texture of defrosted food．
√
D　[细节理解题。根据第二段可知，20世纪初，加工食品公司面临的挑战是保留解冻食品的风味和质地。故选D。]
2．What was the purpose of Sir Francis Bacon's experiment in 1626
A．To study the properties of snow．
B．To test food preservation by freezing．
C．To find the best way of preserving food．
D．To improve a traditional scientific method．
√
B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Sir Francis Bacon，the famous statesman who is behind what we now call the scientific method... so he had a chicken's body stuffed with snow to see if it would be well preserved．”可知，弗朗西斯·培根爵士在1626年进行实验的目的是测试冷冻保存食物的方法。故选B。]
3．What did Clarence Birdseye learn from the Inuit
A．Cooking skills mattered a lot to flavor．
B．Ice fishing could be a health-giving activity．
C．Quick freezing helped keep food's flavor and freshness．
D．Certain frozen products offered superior taste and quality．
√
C　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“A turning point in the frozen food industry's history came when Clarence Birdseye...When this frozen fish，which was left out in the cold，was eventually cooked，it tasted fresh and delicious．”可知，克拉伦斯·伯宰从因纽特人那里学到的是快速冷冻有助于保持食物的风味和新鲜度。故选C。]
4．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．The Challenges and Misunderstandings of Frozen Food
B．Frozen Food：A Good Alternative to Fresh Food
C．The History and Development of Frozen Food
D．Clarence Birdseye：A Pioneer of Frozen Food
√
C　[标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第二段以及第四段中的“A turning point in the frozen food industry's history came when Clarence Birdseye，a naturalist，lived in Labrador between 1912 and 1915．”可知，本文主要讲述了冷冻食品的历史与发展，包括早期面临的挑战、关键实验与发明以及在二战期间的普及等，所以C选项最符合文章主旨。故选C。]
B
(2025·湖南湘东十校联考)
Recently，campaigners have encouraged us to buy local food．This reduces “food miles”， that is，the distance food travels to get from the producer to the retailer．They reason that the higher the food miles，the more carbon emissions．Buying local food，therefore，has a lower carbon footprint and is more environmentally friendly．
However，the real story is not as simple as that．If our aim is to reduce carbon emissions，we must look at the whole farming process，not just transportation．Other processes，including fertilization，storage，heating and irrigation，contribute much more．
In fact，imported food often has a lower carbon footprint than locally grown food．Take apples for example，in autumn，when apples are harvested，the best option for a British resident is to buy British apples．However，the apples we buy in winter or spring have been kept
refrigerated for months，and this uses up a lot of energy．In spring，therefore，it is more energy-efficient to import them from New Zealand，where they are in season．Heating also uses a lot of energy，which is why growing tomatoes in heated greenhouses in the UK is less environmentally friendly than importing them from Spain，where the crop grows well in the local climate．
We must also take into account the type of transport．Transporting food by air creates about 50 times more emissions than shipping it．However，only a small proportion of goods are flown to the consumer country，and these are usually high value，perishable items which we cannot produce locally．Even then，these foods may not have a higher carbon footprint than locally grown food．For example，beans flown in from Kenya are grown in sunny fields using manual labour and natural fertilizers，unlike in Britain，where we use oil-based fertilizers and diesel machinery．Therefore，the total carbon footprint is still lower．
It's also worth remembering that a product's journey does not end at the supermarket．The distance consumers travel to buy their food，and the kind of transport they use will also add to its carbon footprint．So driving a long way to shop for food will negate any environmental benefits of buying locally grown produce．
Recently，some supermarkets have been trying to raise awareness of food miles too．But ultimately，the measures are too simple．Lots of different factors contribute to a food's carbon footprint besides the distance it has travelled．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了购买本地食物是否真的更环保这一问题。
5．Why is importing apples from New Zealand more energy-efficient for British residents in spring
A．It reduces food miles．
B．British apples are in short supply．
C．New Zealand apples are cheaper．
D．British apples have been stored under energy-consuming conditions．
√
D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“However，the apples we buy in winter...where they are in season．”可知，英国在春季时，苹果已被冷藏数月，处于耗能状态，所以从新西兰进口苹果更节能。]
6．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A．All imported food has a higher carbon footprint than locally grown food．
B．Beans flown in from Kenya have higher carbon footprints than grown in Britain．
C．Transporting food by air always results in a higher carbon footprint than growing local food．
D．Only considering food miles is an oversimplified way to assess a food's environmental impact．
√
D　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“If our aim is to reduce...not just transportation．”和最后一段中的“Lots of different factors...it has travelled．”可知，只考虑食物里程来评估食物对环境的影响过于简单。]
7．What does the underlined word “negate” in paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Enhance． B．Ignore．
C．Cancel out． D．Misunderstand．
√
C　[词义猜测题。根据第五段中的“It's also worth remembering that...add to its carbon footprint．”和画线词所在句“So driving a long way to shop for food”可知，产品的旅程并不会在超市结束，消费者购买食物的路程以及他们使用的运输方式也会增加其碳足迹。所以，开车很远去商店购买食物会使得购买本地种植产品的任何环境效益都无效。negate意为“使无效”，与cancel out意思相近。]
8．What is the author's attitude towards buying local food
A．Strongly supportive． B．Completely opposed．
C．Cautiously skeptical． D．Somewhat indifferent．
√
C　[观点态度题。根据第二段中的“However，the real story is not as simple as that．”以及全文内容可知，文章分析了不同的因素对食物碳足迹的影响，因此，作者持谨慎怀疑的态度。]
Ⅱ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
(2026·安徽合肥模拟)
With hundreds of tons of unsold vegetables and fruit sent to landfills at the end of each market day，the Central de Abastos has become the largest source of food waste in Mexico City．When De Paz Fuentes noticed the 1 ，she partnered with the market to turn the wasted food into 2 for the hungry．Since 2020，her program，the Itacate，has
3 the market's daily food waste by 24% and 4 almost 800 tons of food to soup kitchens across the city．
“Efforts like this are 5 ，” says Gutiérrez，who is one of the businessmen taking part in the program．“Now，if I have too many vegetables and won't be able to 6 them，I'll call the Itacate．”
When Gutiérrez makes the call，a volunteer 7 at Gutiérrez's shop and helps distribute the unsold 8 among the city's 450 soup kitchens，which 9 80，000 meals a day．
Just across the street from the Central de Abastos is one of the city's largest soup kitchens．There，Leonardo Bautista，62，is eating lunch after a(n) 10 cleaning onions and green tomatoes at the market．The soup kitchen is the only place where he can get a(n) 11 meal near his workplace．
“It's 12 to eat at the market，” he explains，“about $3.50 for lunch，which is almost half of my daily salary．”
Some shop owners 13 they are familiar with the program，but still often throw away 14 food because it takes too much time to make a 15 ．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Itacate项目利用墨西哥市最大的果蔬批发市场卖不出去的产品救济穷人的故事。
1．A．market B．trap
C．problem D．position
√
C　[根据前文的“With hundreds of tons of unsold vegetables and fruit...the largest source of food waste in Mexico City．”可知，在每个集市日结束时，数百吨未售出的蔬菜和水果被送往垃圾填埋场，阿巴斯托斯中心已成为墨西哥城最大的食物垃圾来源，所以她注意到的是这个问题。故选C。]
2．A．meals B．chemicals
C．drinks D．ruins
√
A　[根据前文的“turn the wasted food into”和后文的“for the hungry”可知，她与市场合作，把浪费的食物变成饥饿者的餐饭。故选A。]
3．A．produced B．reduced
C．bought D．buried
√
B　[根据前文的“she partnered with the market to turn the wasted food into __________ for the hungry”和后文的“the market's daily food waste by 24%”可知，她的Itacate项目已将市场的每日食物浪费减少了24%。故选B。]
4．A．planted B．cut
C．lost D．delivered
√
D　[根据后文的“almost 800 tons of food to soup kitchens across the city”可知，她的Itacate项目向全市各地的流动厨房运送了近800吨食物。故选D。]
5．A．meaningful B．wasteful
C．troublesome D．perfect
√
A　[根据前文的“Since 2020，her program，the Itacate，has __________ the market's daily food waste by 24% and _____________ almost 800 tons of food to soup kitchens across the city．”和后文的“who is one of the businessmen taking part in the program”可知，Itacate项目是有意义的，Gutiérrez是参加这个项目的商人之一，他认为这样的努力是有意义的。故选A。]
6．A．grow B．sell
C．decline D．count
√
B　[根据前文的“the Itacate，has __________ the market's daily food waste by 24% and __________ almost 800 tons of food to soup kitchens across the city”和后文的“I'll call the Itacate”可知，Itacate项目将卖不出去的蔬菜向全市各地的流动厨房运送，所以Gutiérrez说如果自己有太多蔬菜卖不出去，就打电话给Itacate。故选B。]
7．A．signs up B．checks out
C．shows up D．gives in
√
C　[根据后文的“at Gutiérrez's shop and helps distribute the unsold
__________ among the city's 450 soup kitchens”可知，会有一名志愿者现身在Gutiérrez的商店里，帮助将未售出的蔬菜分发到流动厨房。故选C。]
8．A．fruits B．chickens
C．cakes D．vegetables
√
D　[根据前文的“if I have too many vegetables and won't be able to ____________ them，I'll call the Itacate”可知，Gutiérrez说如果自己有太多蔬菜卖不出去，就打电话给Itacate，所以志愿者帮助将未售出的蔬菜分发到全市450个流动厨房。故选D。]
9．A．purchase B．serve
C．destroy D．need
√
B　[根据后文的“80，000 meals a day”可知，这些厨房每天供应8万顿餐饭。故选B。]
10．A．morning B．day
C．evening D．afternoon
√
A　[根据前文的“There，Leonardo Bautista，62，is eating lunch after”和后文“cleaning onions and green tomatoes at the market”可知，他正在吃午饭，因此他在市场上清理洋葱和绿西红柿是上午的事情。故选A。]
11．A．tasty B．sweet
C．unacceptable D．affordable
√
D　[根据后文的“‘It's _________________ to eat at the market，’ he explains，‘about $3.50 for lunch，which is almost half of my daily salary．’”可知，在市场上吃饭很贵，所以流动厨房是他唯一能在工作场所附近买得起饭的地方。故选D。]
12．A．hot B．inconvenient
C．expensive D．fun
√
C　[根据后文的“about $3.50 for lunch，which is almost half of my daily salary”可知，一顿午餐大约3.5美元，这几乎是Leonardo Bautista一天工资的一半，所以他认为在市场上吃饭很贵。故选C。]
13．A．apologize B．think
C．realize D．admit
√
D　[根据后文的“they are familiar with the program，but still often throw away __________ food because it takes too much time to make a __________ ”可知，他们对这项计划很熟悉，但仍然经常扔掉可食用的食物，因为捐赠需要花费太多时间，这是一些店主承认的事情。故选D。]
14．A．poisonous B．eatable
C．cold D．cheap
√
B　[根据前文可知，这个项目与捐赠相关，这些是可以捐赠的食物，所以店主经常扔掉的是可食用的食物。故选B。]
15．A．donation B．call
C．profit D．living
√
A　[根据前文可知，这个项目与捐赠相关，而捐赠需要花费太多时间。make a donation捐赠。故选A。]
Ⅲ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2025·河南名校联盟模拟)
As Chinese traditions go，few things are 1．__________ (good) than sitting around a steaming hotpot in winter of northern China．Archaeological studies support the claim that Kublai Khan，the 2． _____________ (found) of the Yuan Dynasty，invented mutton hotpot．For a long time，only the upper classes could get their hands on mutton hotpot．It was also 3．______________ (extraordinary) popular among many royal families of the Qing Dynasty．And according to the record，Emperor Qianlong was a true hotpot lover．
better
founder
extraordinarily
Among vegetables and meat spread out on the dinner table，mutton has been placed in the center．Many diners believe mutton has the medical effect of warming the body，4． _____________ (make) it an ideal food for the colder months．Many folk customs favor mutton over beef in part because in the past，cattle 5．______________(consider) much more important as a means 6． _____________ production．
making
were considered
of
Traditional Beijing instant boiled mutton，7． _____________ many southerners think tasteless，is known for its simplicity．It has no mouth-watering hotpot soup base，just plain water with some scallion(葱) and ginger(姜) slices 8．____________(add)．Thus，the quality of the mutton plays a major role in the hotpot experience．
Nowadays，mutton hotpot has become one of 9． _____________ favorite cuisines of the Chinese，with 10．_____________ (technology) development in mutton production allowing for year-round supplies of fresh meat across the country．
which
added
the
technological
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国北方冬天吃羊肉火锅的习俗，羊肉火锅的由来，以及北京涮羊肉的特点。
1．better　[考查比较级。根据空后的than可知，此处应用good的比较级better作表语。故填better。]
2．founder　[考查名词。分析可知，“the __________ (found) of the Yuan Dynasty”是Kublai Khan的同位语，因此空处应用指人的名词founder“创立者”，且用单数形式。故填founder。]
3．extraordinarily　[考查副词。根据空后的形容词可知，此处应用extraordinary的副词形式作状语。故填extraordinarily。]
4．making　[考查非谓语动词。空处及其后部分为状语，因此空处应填非谓语动词，表示自然而然的结果，应用动词-ing形式作结果状语。故填making。]
5．were considered　[考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。空处为原因状语从句的谓语动词，cattle和consider之间是被动关系，结合时间状语in the past可知，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语cattle是集合名词，谓语动词用复数形式。故填were considered。]
6．of　[考查介词。a means of “一种……的方法”是固定搭配，符合语境。故填of。]
7．which　[考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，代替指物的先行词instant boiled mutton，在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which。故填which。]
8．added　[考查非谓语动词。空处在with结构中作宾补，应用非谓语动词，add和宾语some scallion and ginger slices之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词表被动。故填added。]
9．the　[考查冠词。“one of＋the＋adj．＋复数名词”是固定搭配。故填the。]
10．technological　[考查形容词。修饰名词development，应用形容词technological作定语。故填technological。]
(建议用时：45分钟　总分：40分)
Ⅰ．应用文写作(满分15分)
假定你校英语报“Food and Culture”栏目正在征集中国传统美食的文章，请你用英语写一篇短文投稿，推荐一道中国传统美食。内容包括：
1．美食介绍；
2．推荐理由。
写作规范练(六)
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Among a large quantity of traditional Chinese food，hotpot ranks top of my list．Hotpot has gained popularity throughout China since at least the Han Dynasty．
Consisting of a metal pot at the center of the table and a variety of sliced raw meats，vegetables，mushrooms，as well as other ingredients added to the boiling soup，hotpot is a perfect mix of color，aroma and taste．With differently flavored soup bases，from spicy beef soup to seafood-based soup，hotpot is an ideal feast to everyone's heart's content．
Hotpot is a must-try，which not only brings warmth and comfort but also encourages social gatherings among families and friends．
Ⅱ．读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2026·山东师大附中模拟)
The lunchroom is always so loud．Everyone is either playing games，jumping around，or yelling across the room about the funny thing．Despite how much they all talk，I couldn't seem to find out what made some of them cool and popular．It must be something unspoken，or maybe an exclusive club they're a part of．I barely talk though．I just laugh when everyone else is laughing，even when I don't know what they're laughing at．
“Mara，are those Jolly Ranchers (快乐牧场糖)？” Sasha asked excitedly．“Yeah，” I responded nervously．I wasn't scared of these girls，I was just shocked that one of them called my name．“Those are my favorite! Can I have one pleaseee？” Sasha loved dragging her words like that，and those words felt like they were dragging across my brain．I hate sharing，and I especially hate sharing my candy．Mom only packed me two Jolly Ranchers．Giving one to Sasha would make me feel like a pushover，but if I didn't share，I could kiss my social life goodbye．
As she stared at me with her big-shiny-popular-girl eyes，I got the best idea．I was going to use my Jolly Ranchers to climb the ranks of the third grade．So I gave her the Jolly Rancher，but not without sparking up a conversation．“They're my favorite too．My mom gives me two every day，” I said．“Luckyyy．My mom doesn't give me candy for school，because my mom said I might choke，” she responded．Yes，she said something back! A week has passed，and soon I was at the top of the social pyramid thanks to my Jolly Ranchers．
Anyway，we have become close friends．Especially to her delight was that I gave my favorite blue Jolly Rancher to her this Friday，when we could watch movies，play games，and dance for the rest of the day．As Ms．Laney，our teacher，played the video，we all followed the dance moves on the screen．Amidst the loud music and laughing，I hear Sasha say “Look what I can do！” She did some strange jumping thing before bending to the ground，but she didn't get back up．She looked up at me with a frightened look on her face and her hands on her neck．
注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
“Ms．Laney! Sasha's choking！” I screamed．_____________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
Without Jolly Ranchers，I didn't want to go back to school．____
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
“Ms．Laney! Sasha's choking！” I screamed．Everyone stopped dancing as Ms．Laney ran to save Sasha．Ms．Laney flipped Sasha over her knee，delivering sharp blows on her back．The blue Jolly Rancher flew out of Sasha's mouth．It landed in front of me．I was now on my knees in shock．I was scared I would get in trouble，sorry that she choked and angry at myself．“No more Jolly Ranchers！” Ms．Laney warned．I repeatedly said sorry to Sasha，feeling extremely sorry for giving her the Jolly Rancher．
Without Jolly Ranchers，I didn't want to go back to school．I was afraid that no one even wanted to talk to me without them．But Sasha provided me with the opportunity of a lifetime．She included me in her conversations，and treated me as her actual friend．It turned out being cool and popular was not something unspoken．Even without Jolly Ranchers，our bonds stayed strong．We're all just normal kids; we've all cried in front of each other and the idea of climbing the ranks was replaced by heartfelt friendship．
谢 谢 ！题型组合练(二十四)　选择性必修第二册　UNIT 3　FOOD AND CULTURE
(建议用时：45分钟　总分：50分)
(提示：批阅时只需批阅本页即可)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2026·天津红桥区模拟)
Fresh peas often take so long to reach grocery stores that they usually lose their original flavor and texture (质地) when you eat them．Frozen peas，which are frozen within hours of being picked，keep their sweetness and crispness，not to mention their bright color．
While people in cold climates have been preserving food by freezing for longer than we probably can record，in the early 20th century，processed-food companies had a lot to learn when it came to making defrosted (解冻的) fish and other foodstuffs delicious．Frozen food always took on a depressingly mushy texture (糊状质地)．
The idea of making food eatable for the future by freezing had been appealing for quite some time．Sir Francis Bacon，the famous statesman who is behind what we now call the scientific method—in which an observation leads to a question that can be tested—conducted a food-freezing experiment in 1626．Bacon noticed food could be stored longer in winter，so he had a chicken's body stuffed with snow to see if it would be well preserved．His death prohibited him from continuing the experiment，but the concept had legs．
A turning point in the frozen food industry's history came when Clarence Birdseye，a naturalist，lived in Labrador between 1912 and 1915．There he learned about the customs of the Inuit，who would go ice fishing and then let their catch immediately freeze in the very cold air．When this frozen fish，which was left out in the cold，was eventually cooked，it tasted fresh and delicious．He applied the same method to cabbages，and it worked wonderfully．
Later，Birdseye launched a series of inventions using the idea of quick freezing．However，frozen food didn't find its feet then．Large numbers of Americans first tasted frozen food in the 1940s，during World War Ⅱ，when there was a shortage of canned goods．Even more significant was the fact that while men were off fighting，women took jobs outside the home，causing them to seek faster ways to fix meals．
It took trial and error to discover the foods that froze well and to improve refrigeration in transportation systems，in stores，and in people's homes．
1．What challenge did processed food companies face in the early 20th century
A．To promote sales of frozen products．
B．To harvest ripe vegetables in a short time．
C．To keep the original color of frozen products．
D．To preserve the flavor and texture of defrosted food．
2．What was the purpose of Sir Francis Bacon's experiment in 1626
A．To study the properties of snow．
B．To test food preservation by freezing．
C．To find the best way of preserving food．
D．To improve a traditional scientific method．
3．What did Clarence Birdseye learn from the Inuit
A．Cooking skills mattered a lot to flavor．
B．Ice fishing could be a health-giving activity．
C．Quick freezing helped keep food's flavor and freshness．
D．Certain frozen products offered superior taste and quality．
4．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．The Challenges and Misunderstandings of Frozen Food
B．Frozen Food：A Good Alternative to Fresh Food
C．The History and Development of Frozen Food
D．Clarence Birdseye: A Pioneer of Frozen Food
B
(2025·湖南湘东十校联考)
Recently，campaigners have encouraged us to buy local food． This reduces “food miles”，that is，the distance food travels to get from the producer to the retailer． They reason that the higher the food miles，the more carbon emissions． Buying local food，therefore，has a lower carbon footprint and is more environmentally friendly．
However，the real story is not as simple as that． If our aim is to reduce carbon emissions，we must look at the whole farming process，not just transportation． Other processes，including fertilization，storage，heating and irrigation，contribute much more．
In fact，imported food often has a lower carbon footprint than locally grown food． Take apples for example，in autumn，when apples are harvested，the best option for a British resident is to buy British apples． However，the apples we buy in winter or spring have been kept refrigerated for months，and this uses up a lot of energy． In spring，therefore，it is more energy-efficient to import them from New Zealand，where they are in season． Heating also uses a lot of energy，which is why growing tomatoes in heated greenhouses in the UK is less environmentally friendly than importing them from Spain，where the crop grows well in the local climate．
We must also take into account the type of transport． Transporting food by air creates about 50 times more emissions than shipping it． However，only a small proportion of goods are flown to the consumer country，and these are usually high value，perishable items which we cannot produce locally． Even then，these foods may not have a higher carbon footprint than locally grown food． For example，beans flown in from Kenya are grown in sunny fields using manual labour and natural fertilizers，unlike in Britain，where we use oil-based fertilizers and diesel machinery． Therefore，the total carbon footprint is still lower．
It's also worth remembering that a product's journey does not end at the supermarket． The distance consumers travel to buy their food，and the kind of transport they use will also add to its carbon footprint． So driving a long way to shop for food will negate any environmental benefits of buying locally grown produce．
Recently，some supermarkets have been trying to raise awareness of food miles too． But ultimately，the measures are too simple． Lots of different factors contribute to a food's carbon footprint besides the distance it has travelled．
5．Why is importing apples from New Zealand more energy-efficient for British residents in spring
A．It reduces food miles．
B．British apples are in short supply．
C．New Zealand apples are cheaper．
D．British apples have been stored under energy-consuming conditions．
6．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A．All imported food has a higher carbon footprint than locally grown food．
B．Beans flown in from Kenya have higher carbon footprints than grown in Britain．
C．Transporting food by air always results in a higher carbon footprint than growing local food．
D．Only considering food miles is an oversimplified way to assess a food's environmental impact．
7．What does the underlined word “negate” in paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Enhance．　 B．Ignore．
C．Cancel out． D．Misunderstand．
8．What is the author's attitude towards buying local food
A．Strongly supportive． B．Completely opposed．
C．Cautiously skeptical． D．Somewhat indifferent．
Ⅱ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
(2026·安徽合肥模拟)
With hundreds of tons of unsold vegetables and fruit sent to landfills at the end of each market day，the Central de Abastos has become the largest source of food waste in Mexico City．When De Paz Fuentes noticed the 1 ，she partnered with the market to turn the wasted food into 2 for the hungry．Since 2020，her program，the Itacate，has 3 the market's daily food waste by 24% and 4 almost 800 tons of food to soup kitchens across the city．
“Efforts like this are 5 ，” says Gutiérrez，who is one of the businessmen taking part in the program．“Now，if I have too many vegetables and won't be able to 6 them，I'll call the Itacate．”
When Gutiérrez makes the call，a volunteer 7 at Gutiérrez's shop and helps distribute the unsold 8 among the city's 450 soup kitchens，which 9 80，000 meals a day．
Just across the street from the Central de Abastos is one of the city's largest soup kitchens．There，Leonardo Bautista，62，is eating lunch after a(n) 10 cleaning onions and green tomatoes at the market．The soup kitchen is the only place where he can get a(n) 11 meal near his workplace．
“It's 12 to eat at the market，” he explains，“about $3.50 for lunch，which is almost half of my daily salary．”
Some shop owners 13 they are familiar with the program，but still often throw away 14 food because it takes too much time to make a 15 ．
1．A．market B．trap
C．problem D．position
2．A．meals B．chemicals
C．drinks D．ruins
3．A．produced B．reduced
C．bought D．buried
4．A．planted B．cut
C．lost D．delivered
5．A．meaningful B．wasteful
C．troublesome D．perfect
6．A．grow B．sell
C．decline D．count
7．A．signs up B．checks out
C．shows up D．gives in
8．A．fruits B．chickens
C．cakes D．vegetables
9．A．purchase B．serve
C．destroy D．need
10．A．morning B．day
C．evening D．afternoon
11．A．tasty B．sweet
C．unacceptable D．affordable
12．A．hot B．inconvenient
C．expensive D．fun
13．A．apologize B．think
C．realize D．admit
14．A．poisonous B．eatable
C．cold D．cheap
15．A．donation B．call
C．profit D．living
Ⅲ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2025·河南名校联盟模拟)
As Chinese traditions go，few things are 1．___________(good) than sitting around a steaming hotpot in winter of northern China．Archaeological studies support the claim that Kublai Khan，the 2．___________ (found) of the Yuan Dynasty，invented mutton hotpot．For a long time，only the upper classes could get their hands on mutton hotpot．It was also 3．___________(extraordinary) popular among many royal families of the Qing Dynasty．And according to the record，Emperor Qianlong was a true hotpot lover．
Among vegetables and meat spread out on the dinner table，mutton has been placed in the center．Many diners believe mutton has the medical effect of warming the body，4．___________ (make) it an ideal food for the colder months．Many folk customs favor mutton over beef in part because in the past，cattle 5．___________(consider) much more important as a means 6．___________ production．
Traditional Beijing instant boiled mutton，7．___________ many southerners think tasteless，is known for its simplicity．It has no mouth-watering hotpot soup base，just plain water with some scallion(葱) and ginger(姜) slices 8．___________(add)．Thus，the quality of the mutton plays a major role in the hotpot experience．
Nowadays，mutton hotpot has become one of 9．___________ favorite cuisines of the Chinese，with 10．___________(technology) development in mutton production allowing for year-round supplies of fresh meat across the country．
题型组合练(二十四)
Ⅰ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了冷冻食品的历史与发展，包括早期面临的挑战、关键实验与发明以及在二战期间的普及等。
1．D　[细节理解题。根据第二段可知，20世纪初，加工食品公司面临的挑战是保留解冻食品的风味和质地。故选D。]
2．B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Sir Francis Bacon，the famous statesman who is behind what we now call the scientific method．．． so he had a chicken's body stuffed with snow to see if it would be well preserved．”可知，弗朗西斯·培根爵士在1626年进行实验的目的是测试冷冻保存食物的方法。故选B。]
3．C　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“A turning point in the frozen food industry's history came when Clarence Birdseye．．．When this frozen fish，which was left out in the cold，was eventually cooked，it tasted fresh and delicious．”可知，克拉伦斯·伯宰从因纽特人那里学到的是快速冷冻有助于保持食物的风味和新鲜度。故选C。]
4．C　[标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第二段以及第四段中的“A turning point in the frozen food industry's history came when Clarence Birdseye，a naturalist，lived in Labrador between 1912 and 1915．”可知，本文主要讲述了冷冻食品的历史与发展，包括早期面临的挑战、关键实验与发明以及在二战期间的普及等，所以C选项最符合文章主旨。故选C。]
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了购买本地食物是否真的更环保这一问题。
5．D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“However, the apples we buy in winter．．．where they are in season．”可知，英国在春季时，苹果已被冷藏数月，处于耗能状态，所以从新西兰进口苹果更节能。]
6．D　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“If our aim is to reduce．．．not just transportation．”和最后一段中的“Lots of different factors．．．it has travelled．”可知，只考虑食物里程来评估食物对环境的影响过于简单。]
7．C　[词义猜测题。根据第五段中的“It's also worth remembering that．．．add to its carbon footprint．”和画线词所在句“So driving a long way to shop for food”可知，产品的旅程并不会在超市结束，消费者购买食物的路程以及他们使用的运输方式也会增加其碳足迹。所以，开车很远去商店购买食物会使得购买本地种植产品的任何环境效益都无效。negate意为“使无效”，与cancel out意思相近。]
8．C　[观点态度题。根据第二段中的“However, the real story is not as simple as that．”以及全文内容可知，文章分析了不同的因素对食物碳足迹的影响，因此，作者持谨慎怀疑的态度。]
Ⅱ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Itacate项目利用墨西哥市最大的果蔬批发市场卖不出去的产品救济穷人的故事。
1．C　[根据前文的“With hundreds of tons of unsold vegetables and fruit．．．the largest source of food waste in Mexico City．”可知，在每个集市日结束时，数百吨未售出的蔬菜和水果被送往垃圾填埋场，阿巴斯托斯中心已成为墨西哥城最大的食物垃圾来源，所以她注意到的是这个问题。故选C。]
2．A　[根据前文的“turn the wasted food into”和后文的“for the hungry”可知，她与市场合作，把浪费的食物变成饥饿者的餐饭。故选A。]
3．B　[根据前文的“she partnered with the market to turn the wasted food into for the hungry”和后文的“the market's daily food waste by 24%”可知，她的Itacate项目已将市场的每日食物浪费减少了24%。故选B。]
4．D　[根据后文的“almost 800 tons of food to soup kitchens across the city”可知，她的Itacate项目向全市各地的流动厨房运送了近800吨食物。故选D。]
5．A　[根据前文的“Since 2020，her program，the Itacate，has the market's daily food waste by 24% and almost 800 tons of food to soup kitchens across the city．”和后文的“who is one of the businessmen taking part in the program”可知，Itacate项目是有意义的，Gutiérrez是参加这个项目的商人之一，他认为这样的努力是有意义的。故选A。]
6．B　[根据前文的“the Itacate，has the market's daily food waste by 24% and almost 800 tons of food to soup kitchens across the city”和后文的“I'll call the Itacate”可知，Itacate项目将卖不出去的蔬菜向全市各地的流动厨房运送，所以Gutiérrez说如果自己有太多蔬菜卖不出去，就打电话给Itacate。故选B。]
7．C　[根据后文的“at Gutiérrez's shop and helps distribute the unsold
among the city's 450 soup kitchens”可知，会有一名志愿者现身在Gutiérrez的商店里，帮助将未售出的蔬菜分发到流动厨房。故选C。]
8．D　[根据前文的“if I have too many vegetables and won't be able to
them，I'll call the Itacate”可知，Gutiérrez说如果自己有太多蔬菜卖不出去，就打电话给Itacate，所以志愿者帮助将未售出的蔬菜分发到全市450个流动厨房。故选D。]
9．B　[根据后文的“80，000 meals a day”可知，这些厨房每天供应8万顿餐饭。故选B。]
10．A　[根据前文的“There，Leonardo Bautista，62，is eating lunch after”和后文“cleaning onions and green tomatoes at the market”可知，他正在吃午饭，因此他在市场上清理洋葱和绿西红柿是上午的事情。故选A。]
11．D　[根据后文的“‘It's to eat at the market，’ he explains，‘about $3．50 for lunch，which is almost half of my daily salary．’”可知，在市场上吃饭很贵，所以流动厨房是他唯一能在工作场所附近买得起饭的地方。故选D。]
12．C　[根据后文的“about $3．50 for lunch，which is almost half of my daily salary”可知，一顿午餐大约3．5美元，这几乎是Leonardo Bautista一天工资的一半，所以他认为在市场上吃饭很贵。故选C。]
13．D　[根据后文的“they are familiar with the program，but still often throw away
food because it takes too much time to make a ”可知，他们对这项计划很熟悉，但仍然经常扔掉可食用的食物，因为捐赠需要花费太多时间，这是一些店主承认的事情。故选D。]
14．B　[根据前文可知，这个项目与捐赠相关，这些是可以捐赠的食物，所以店主经常扔掉的是可食用的食物。故选B。]
15．A　[根据前文可知，这个项目与捐赠相关，而捐赠需要花费太多时间。make a donation捐赠。故选A。]
Ⅲ．1．better　2．founder　3．extraordinarily　4．making　5．were considered　6．of　7．which　8．added　9．the　10．technological
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