资源简介

1．devote vt．把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于(常与介词to连用)(devoted adj．挚爱的；忠诚的 devotion n．奉献；忠诚；挚爱)
◎devote．．．to (doing) sth． 把……奉献给；把……专注于；
献身；致力
devote oneself to (doing) sth． 致力于(做)某事；献身于(做)某事
◎be devoted to (doing) sth． 专心于(做)某事；致力于(做)某事
◎(应用文写作之感谢信)I still remember what you have devoted to improving my oral English and writing skills．
我仍然记得你为提高我的英语口语和写作技能所付出的努力。
2．convince vt．使相信；使确信；说服(convinced adj．确信；坚信 convincing adj．令人信服的)
◎convince sb．of sth．　 使某人确信/明白某事
convince sb．to do sth． 说服某人做某事
convince sb．that．．． 使某人相信……
◎be convinced that．．．/of．．． 坚信……
◎(读后续写之主旨升华)I'm firmly convinced of the significance of honesty，which will contribute to building a warm and harmonious society．
我坚信诚实的重要性，这将有助于构建一个温暖与和谐的社会。
3．assumption n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权力的)获得(assume v．假定；承担；假装 assuming conj．假如)
◎on the assumption that．．． 假定……
make an assumption 作出假设
◎assume sb．/sth．(to be)＋adj．/n． 假定/认为某人/某事(为)……
It is generally assumed that．．． 人们普遍认为……
◎assuming (that)．．． 假设……
◎(应用文写作之申请信)On the assumption that/Assuming that I am chosen to be chairman of the Students' Union，I will organize more colorful after-class activities to enrich our school life．
假如我被选为学生会主席，我将组织更多丰富多彩的课外活动以丰富我们的学校生活。
4．expand vt．& vi．扩大；增加/增强(尺码、数量或重要性) vt．扩展；发展(业务) vi．详述(expansion n．扩大；膨胀 expansive adj．广阔的；广泛的；全面的)
expand into　　　 发展成；扩展到
expand on/upon 详细阐述；详述
expand one's knowledge/horizons/vocabulary
拓展某人的知识/开阔某人的视野
/扩大某人的词汇量
◎(应用文写作之建议信)Reading English magazines can surely expand your vocabulary，thus facilitating your English learning．
阅读英文杂志一定会扩大你的词汇量，从而促进你的英语学习。
5．comprise vt．包括；包含；由……组成
◎be comprised/composed of ＝consist of＝be made up of
由……组成(或构成)
◎comprise＝include＝contain 包括；包含
◎Groups are comprised of two or more people who come together based on shared interests，goals，or common characteristics．
小组由两人或两人以上具有共同兴趣、目标或特点的人组成。
6．alternative n．可供选择的事物 adj．可供替代的；非传统的(alternatively adv．要不，或者)
have no alternative/choice but to do sth． 别无选择只好做某事
there's no alternative but to do sth． 别无选择只好做某事
an alternative to．．． ……的替代选择(to是介词)
◎In order to reduce pollution，we human beings have no alternative but to choose some clean resources．
为了减少污染，我们人类别无选择，只能选择一些清洁的资源。
7．in turn 相应地；转而；依次；轮流；反过来
in one's turn　　　 　 轮到某人
by turns 轮流；交替地
take turns (in/at) doing/to do sth． 轮流做某事
It is one's turn to do sth． 轮到某人做某事。
It turns/turned out that．．． 结果/事实证明……
turn out to be 结果是，证明是
◎Some student representatives took turns to deliver speeches at the coming-of-age ceremony．Finally，it was my turn． Personally，in the past it was our parents and teachers that helped us in many aspects and in turn，we should give a helping hand to them from now on． It turns out that the ceremony makes a great difference to us．
一些学生代表在成人礼上轮流发表演讲。最后，轮到我了。在我看来，过去是我们的父母和老师在许多方面帮助了我们，反过来，从现在开始，我们应该向他们伸出援手。事实证明，这场仪式对我们意义重大。
1．However，what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat．(that引导的表语从句)
然而，他最关心的是农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至出现严重的食物短缺。
2．How this could be done was a challenging question at the time．(how引导的主语从句)
如何实现这一目标成为当时一个颇具挑战性的问题。
3．However，whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate．(whether引导的主语从句)
然而，是否可能开发出水稻等自花授粉作物的杂交品种，仍众说纷纭。
4．Why different crops are grown is that they put important minerals back into the ground，making it ready for the next batch of crops．(动词-ing形式短语作结果状语)
种植不同作物的原因，是为了把重要的矿物质重新放回土壤之中，让土壤为下一批作物(的种植)做好准备。
5．given that引导的原因状语从句
Given that Yuan's hybrids made him quite wealthy，one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure．
考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。
◎given that 在句中作连词，意为“考虑到”，相当于considering；given可作介词，意为“考虑到、只要是、假定、已知”。
◎其他类似用法：
considering (that)　　　 考虑到；鉴于
assuming (that) 假设；假定
supposing (that) 假如；如果
◎Usually，I am sensible with money，as I have to be，given that I don't earn that much．
考虑到自己挣得不多，我用钱通常比较精打细算，这也是迫不得已。
Ⅰ．重点词汇对点练
1．devote
①(外研版选择性必修第二册Unit 4)With each person I met，I felt a growing sense of pride as part of this extraordinary team，whose ____________(devote) to the cause shone from their eyes．
②He devoted all his energy to ____________ (learn) and his hard work paid off because he soon topped in his entire school．
③____________ (devote) to his research，rarely does the scientist go to the cinema with his family．
④我热衷于阅读经典文学，这不仅能拓宽我的视野，还能丰富我的内心世界。
____________________________________，which not only broadens my horizons but also enriches my inner world．
2．convince
①(外研版选择性必修第一册Unit 5)But Darwin's scientific studies were so __________ (convince) that more and more people started to believe his theory．
②____________ (convince) that your advice will contribute to our good performance，I sincerely hope you can do us a favor．
③I have convinced David ____________ (take) up the challenge and decide to join in the cross-country run．
④我坚信，通过这次讲座，我们不仅可以掌握中国文学的窍门，还能提升我们对中国传统文化的兴趣。
________________________ through the lecture not only can we get the hang of Chinese literature，but also we can boost our interest in traditional Chinese culture．
3．assumption
①We proceeded with the project on the ____________(assume) that the funding would be approved．
②____________(assume) the budget to be sufficient，we allocated resources accordingly．
③We make ____________ assumption that everyone invited will turn up at the party and is making preparations．
④(应用文写作之传统文化)People assume that drinking Chinese tea can not only refresh ourselves but also strengthen our memory．
→________________________ not only can drinking Chinese tea refresh ourselves but also it can strengthen our memory．(it作形式主语)
4．expand
①Now there are more than 3，000 emojis that expand ____________ the way in which we communicate．
②A student's vocabulary ____________ through reading．In turn，the ____________ of vocabulary contributes to digesting the reading materials better．(expand)
③通过坚持不懈的努力，他的工作室已扩展成为一家大公司。
Through continuous effort，his studio ____________________________________
____________________________________________________________________．
5．comprise
由专家和医务人员组成的医疗小组在地震后不久就抵达了现场。
________________________ experts and medical staff arrived at the scene shortly after the earthquake．(comprise)
→________________________ experts and medical staff arrived at the scene shortly after the earthquake．(make)
→________________________ experts and medical staff arrived at the scene shortly after the earthquake．(consist)
6．alternative
①The Internet also provides us with a cheap alternative to ____________ (communicate) with others．
②I could come to your house，or ____________ (alternative)，we could meet in the town．
③共享单车已成为城市出行的象征，为短途出行提供了一种经济实惠且环保的选择。
Shared bicycles have emerged as a symbol of urban mobility，______________
____________________________________________________________________．
7．in turn
①(外研版必修第二册Unit 3)It can be quite stressful at times，though，which __________ turn makes me feel anxious．
②This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down—a skill that has turned out ____________(be) quite practical，especially whenever we share the newspaper．
③____________ turned out that the children's efforts paid off when the popcorn was sold out quickly．
④我们每天晚上轮流做饭，这使得准备饭菜的过程更愉快，也减轻了压力。
________________________________________________，which makes the meal preparation more enjoyable and less stressful．
→______________________________________________________，which makes the meal preparation more enjoyable and less stressful．
Ⅱ．高频词汇精准练
1．In humans，a greatly enlarged brain ________(boost) self-control，just as it boosts problem-solving skills in the social as well as the physical world．
2．It's important to slow down and think about food as something ____________(nutrition) rather than just something to eat in between meetings．
3．In addition，there's no need for pesticides and other ____________(chemical) that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment．
4．We will discuss the problem in ____________ to ____________ our understanding．(depth)
5．More and more countries in the world are short of water，and global water ____________(short) are becoming increasingly serious．
6．____________ all our ____________ are correct，what should we do next？(assume)
7．The book is an ____________ of a series of lectures given last year，so you are capable of ____________ your knowledge by reading it．(expand)
8．While many people follow ____________ wisdom，it's important to remember that sometimes breaking away from ____________ leads to groundbreaking discoveries．(convention)
Ⅲ．多义词汇语段练(依次写出语段中黑体单词的词性及含义)
1．I often read magazines with my sons，and our favourite is Reader's Digest．As a parent，you can provide many books for children，but you can't force them to think carefully，enjoy books，digest complex information，or develop a taste for learning．Just as you should allow a little time after a meal for the food to digest，you should also give children time to reflect on the books they have read．
①________________　②___________________
③________________
2．In the process of improving the yield of crops，their team encountered numerous barriers，but they didn't yield to the difficulties and never yielded their goals．
①________________　②___________________
③________________
3．Besides these proposals，there are no alternative ones，so we have no alternative but to adopt these．
①________________　②___________________
Ⅳ．写作句式迁移练
1．让我兴奋不已的是，我能区分这种花和另一种花。(that引导的表语从句)
What made me thrilled was ____________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________．
2．他是如何在这么短的时间内完成这个项目的仍然是个谜。(how引导的主语从句)
____________________________________________________________ is still a mystery．
3．考虑到你对中国的传统节日——端午节非常感兴趣，我写信向你介绍这一节日。(given that 引导的原因状语从句)
____________________________________________________________—the Dragon Boat Festival，I am writing to introduce it to you．
4．他是否会来参加会议取决于天气。(whether引导的主语从句)
____________________________________ depends on the weather．
5．他没看手表就冲向了公共汽车站，结果错过了末班车。(动词-ing形式短语作结果状语)
He rushed to the bus stop without looking at his watch，___________________
____________________________________________________________________．
上周六，你校班委会组织学生到学校劳动实践基地参加了春耕、春种等实践活动。请你为你校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1．活动的过程；
2．活动的意义与感想。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
①上周六，我们在学校劳动实践基地参加了春耕种植实践活动。(spring ploughing and planting practice)
Last Saturday，____________________________________________________ in the school's labor practice base．
②我们被分成了几个小组，还被分配了各种任务，包括犁地、种树、除草和给蔬菜浇水。(be divided into)
We ____________________________________ and assigned various tasks which included ploughing，planting trees，weeding，and watering vegetables．
③中午，我们享用了一顿用农民种的蔬菜做的午餐。
At noon，we enjoyed a lunch with the vegetables ___________________________
_________________________________________________________________．
④在日落之前，我们回到了学校，虽然疲惫但很开心。
Before the sunset，we returned to the school，____________________________
__________________________________________________________________．
⑤我们不仅意识到了劳动的价值，也学会了尊重所有劳动者。
Not only ________________________________________________，but we also learned to respect all laborers．
把以上句子用适当的过渡词和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文。
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动词 wink 眨眼，stare 盯着看，glance 瞥一眼，glare 怒视，turn转动，squeeze挤压，spark冒火花，sparkle闪烁，glisten闪光，glow(眼睛)发光，fix盯着，scan扫视，gaze凝视
语块 ①eyes wide with horror吓得瞪大眼睛 ②squeeze one's eyes shut紧紧闭上眼睛 ③look straight into one's eyes直视某人的眼睛 ④with one's eyes fixed on sth． 眼睛盯着某物 ⑤one's eyes fall on．．．目光落在……上 ⑥make eye contact进行眼神交流 ⑦one's eyes shine/sparkle/glisten with．．．眼里闪着……的光芒 ⑧narrow one's eyes 眯起眼睛 ⑨fix one's eyes on盯着……看 ⑩tears well up泪水涌上 turn one's eyes to把目光转向 meet one's eyes与某人对视 feast one's eyes on尽情欣赏，大饱眼福
佳句 1．She avoids any eye contact and quickly looks away when someone approaches． 她避免任何眼神交流，当有人靠近时，她会迅速移开视线。 2．We stared at each other for a while，speechless． 我们面面相觑了一会儿，无言以对。 3．At the scary scene，she was so frightened that she squeezed her eyes shut． 在那个吓人的场景里，她吓坏了，紧紧地闭上了眼睛。 4．Upon hearing the news，the boys jumped with joy，their eyes shining with excitement． 一听到这个消息，男孩们就高兴地跳了起来，眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 5．So absorbed was Jane that she fixed her eyes on the screen，lost in deep thought． 简全神贯注，目不转睛地盯着屏幕，陷入沉思。
微情景1　“农业歉收”——满眼忧伤
Tom stood in the middle of his farm，his eyes ①________________________(吓得瞪大了眼睛) as he surveyed the poor harvest． He ②________________________(紧紧闭上眼睛片刻)，as if trying to block out the reality． When he opened them again，he stared at the withered crops，③________________________(眼神因坚定眯起)． He ④____________________________________(把目光转向天空)，as if seeking answers，but there was only the glaring sun． Tears began to well up，but he blinked them back，⑤____________________________________(盯着眼前的任务看)． He knew he had to find a way to turn this situation around，and as he scanned the field，his eyes ⑥____________________________________(眼中闪烁着一丝希望的光芒)．
微情景2　“农业丰收” ——满眼喜悦
In spite of the weather disaster，farmers ①__________________________(勇敢地克服了一切困难) and looked forward to a good harvest．Indeed，instead of poor harvests，②____________________________________(据估计，收成可能会增产)．All villagers came to witness the exciting harvest time．Seeing the golden wheat field stretching as far as they could see，③____________________________(他们的眼睛里闪烁着喜悦和兴奋)．Even the old who couldn't work on the land came．They ④________________________(眯起眼睛)，talked with smiles and praised the young who were busy with harvesting．Some children gathered together，⑤________________________(他们的目光紧盯着) a cricket that had lost a leg．All in all，the people，whether in the field or on the ground，⑥________________________________________________(沉浸在这无比和谐的景象之中)．
选择性必修第一册　UNIT 5
自查区　单元词句精练
Ⅰ．1．①devotion　②learning　③Devoted　④I am deeply devoted to reading classic literature
2．①convincing　②Convinced　③to take　④I'm firmly convinced that
3．①assumption　②Assuming　③an　④It is generally assumed that
4．①upon/on　②expands；expansion　③was expanded into a big company
5．A medical team comprised of；A medical team made up of；A medical team consisting of
6．①communicating　②alternatively　③offering an affordable and green alternative for short trips
7．①in　②to be　③It　④We take turns to cook/at cooking/in cooking dinner every evening；We cook dinner by turns every evening
Ⅱ．1．boosts　2．nutritious　3．chemicals　4．depth；deepen　5．shortages　6．Assuming；assumptions　7．expansion；　expanding　8．conventional；convention
Ⅲ．1．①n．摘要；文摘　②v．领会；领悟　③v．消化　2．①n．产量；产出　②v．屈服；让步　③v．放弃　3．①adj．可供替代的　②n．可供选择的事物
Ⅳ．1．that I could distinguish between this kind of flower and another one　2．How he managed to finish the project in such a short time　3．Given that you are keen on the traditional Chinese festival　4．Whether he will come to the meeting
5．missing the last bus
练表达　主题引领写作
应用文写作
完成句子
①we participated in a spring ploughing and planting practice
②were divided into several groups　③grown by farmers
④exhausted but happy　⑤were we aware of the value of labor
组句成篇
An Unforgettable Day of School Labor Practice
Last Saturday，we participated in a spring ploughing and planting practice in the school's labor practice base．
The activity lasted for one day．We were divided into several groups and assigned various tasks which included ploughing，planting trees，weeding，and watering vegetables．At noon，we enjoyed a lunch with the vegetables grown by farmers．Before the sunset，we returned to the school，exhausted but happy．
Through this activity，not only were we aware of the value of labor，but we also learned to respect all laborers．
读后续写
语料运用
微情景1　①wide with horror　②squeezed his eyes shut for a moment　③his eyes narrowing in determination　④turned his eyes to the sky　⑤fixing his eyes on the task ahead　⑥sparkled with a glimmer of hope
微情景2　①had bravely overcome all difficulties　②it was estimated that a boost might be possible　③their eyes shone with joy and excitement　④narrowed their eyes　⑤their eyes fixed on　⑥were overcome with such a harmonious scene
12/12(共111张PPT)
选择性必修第一册　
UNIT 5　WORKING THE LAND
第一部分 教材知识讲练
单元主题串记
自学区——单元词句复盘
1．devote vt．把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于(常与介词to连用)(devoted adj．挚爱的；忠诚的 devotion n．奉献；忠诚；挚爱)
◎devote...to (doing) sth． 把……奉献给；把……专注于；
献身；致力
devote oneself to (doing) sth． 致力于(做)某事；献身于(做)某事
◎be devoted to (doing) sth． 专心于(做)某事；致力于(做)某事
◎(应用文写作之感谢信)I still remember what you have devoted to improving my oral English and writing skills．
我仍然记得你为提高我的英语口语和写作技能所付出的努力。
2．convince vt．使相信；使确信；说服(convinced adj．确信；坚信 convincing adj．令人信服的)
◎convince sb．of sth． 使某人确信/明白某事
convince sb．to do sth． 说服某人做某事
convince sb．that... 使某人相信……
◎be convinced that.../of... 坚信……
◎(读后续写之主旨升华)I'm firmly convinced of the significance of honesty，which will contribute to building a warm and harmonious society．
我坚信诚实的重要性，这将有助于构建一个温暖与和谐的社会。
3．assumption n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权力的)获得(assume v．假定；承担；假装 assuming conj．假如)
◎on the assumption that... 假定……
make an assumption 作出假设
◎assume sb．/sth．(to be)＋adj．/n． 假定/认为某人/某事(为)……
It is generally assumed that... 人们普遍认为……
◎assuming (that)... 假设……
◎(应用文写作之申请信)On the assumption that/Assuming that I am chosen to be chairman of the Students' Union，I will organize more colorful after-class activities to enrich our school life．
假如我被选为学生会主席，我将组织更多丰富多彩的课外活动以丰富我们的学校生活。
4．expand vt．& vi．扩大；增加/增强(尺码、数量或重要性) vt．扩展；发展(业务) vi．详述(expansion n．扩大；膨胀 expansive adj．广阔的；广泛的；全面的)
expand into 发展成；扩展到
expand on/upon 详细阐述；详述
expand one's knowledge/horizons/vocabulary
拓展某人的知识/开阔某人的视野/
扩大某人的词汇量
◎(应用文写作之建议信)Reading English magazines can surely expand your vocabulary，thus facilitating your English learning．
阅读英文杂志一定会扩大你的词汇量，从而促进你的英语学习。
5．comprise vt．包括；包含；由……组成
◎be comprised/composed of ＝consist of＝be made up of
由……组成(或构成)
◎comprise＝include＝contain 包括；包含
◎Groups are comprised of two or more people who come together based on shared interests，goals，or common characteristics．
小组由两人或两人以上具有共同兴趣、目标或特点的人组成。
6．alternative n．可供选择的事物 adj．可供替代的；非传统的(alternatively adv．要不，或者)
have no alternative/choice but to do sth． 别无选择只好做某事
there's no alternative but to do sth． 别无选择只好做某事
an alternative to... ……的替代选择(to是介词)
◎In order to reduce pollution，we human beings have no alternative but to choose some clean resources．
为了减少污染，我们人类别无选择，只能选择一些清洁的资源。
7．in turn 相应地；转而；依次；轮流；反过来
in one's turn 轮到某人
by turns 轮流；交替地
take turns (in/at) doing/to do sth． 轮流做某事
It is one's turn to do sth． 轮到某人做某事。
It turns/turned out that... 结果/事实证明……
turn out to be 结果是，证明是
◎Some student representatives took turns to deliver speeches at the coming-of-age ceremony．Finally，it was my turn．Personally，in the past it was our parents and teachers that helped us in many aspects and in turn，we should give a helping hand to them from now on．It turns out that the ceremony makes a great difference to us．
一些学生代表在成人礼上轮流发表演讲。最后，轮到我了。在我看来，过去是我们的父母和老师在许多方面帮助了我们，反过来，从现在开始，我们应该向他们伸出援手。事实证明，这场仪式对我们意义重大。
1．However，what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat．(that引导的表语从句)
然而，他最关心的是农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至出现严重的食物短缺。
2．How this could be done was a challenging question at the time．(how引导的主语从句)
如何实现这一目标成为当时一个颇具挑战性的问题。
3．However，whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate．(whether引导的主语从句)
然而，是否可能开发出水稻等自花授粉作物的杂交品种，仍众说纷纭。
4．Why different crops are grown is that they put important minerals back into the ground，making it ready for the next batch of crops．(动词-ing形式短语作结果状语)
种植不同作物的原因，是为了把重要的矿物质重新放回土壤之中，让土壤为下一批作物(的种植)做好准备。
5．given that引导的原因状语从句
Given that Yuan's hybrids made him quite wealthy，one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure．
考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。
◎given that 在句中作连词，意为“考虑到”，相当于considering；given可作介词，意为“考虑到、只要是、假定、已知”。
◎其他类似用法：
considering (that) 考虑到；鉴于
assuming (that) 假设；假定
supposing (that) 假如；如果
◎Usually，I am sensible with money，as I have to be，given that I don't earn that much．
考虑到自己挣得不多，我用钱通常比较精打细算，这也是迫不得已。
自查区——单元词句精炼
Ⅰ．重点词汇对点练
1．devote
①(外研版选择性必修第二册Unit 4)With each person I met，I felt a growing sense of pride as part of this extraordinary team，whose ________(devote) to the cause shone from their eyes．
②He devoted all his energy to ________ (learn) and his hard work paid off because he soon topped in his entire school．
devotion
learning
③________ (devote) to his research，rarely does the scientist go to the cinema with his family．
④我热衷于阅读经典文学，这不仅能拓宽我的视野，还能丰富我的内心世界。
________________________________________，which not only broadens my horizons but also enriches my inner world．
Devoted
I am deeply devoted to reading classic literature
2．convince
①(外研版选择性必修第一册Unit 5)But Darwin's scientific studies were so __________ (convince) that more and more people started to believe his theory．
②__________ (convince) that your advice will contribute to our good performance，I sincerely hope you can do us a favor．
③I have convinced David ________ (take) up the challenge and decide to join in the cross-country run．
convincing
Convinced
to take
④我坚信，通过这次讲座，我们不仅可以掌握中国文学的窍门，还能提升我们对中国传统文化的兴趣。
________________________ through the lecture not only can we get the hang of Chinese literature，but also we can boost our interest in traditional Chinese culture．
I'm firmly convinced that
3．assumption
①We proceeded with the project on the ___________(assume) that the funding would be approved．
②__________(assume) the budget to be sufficient，we allocated resources accordingly．
③We make __ assumption that everyone invited will turn up at the party and is making preparations．
assumption
Assuming
an
④(应用文写作之传统文化)People assume that drinking Chinese tea can not only refresh ourselves but also strengthen our memory．
→__________________________ not only can drinking Chinese tea refresh ourselves but also it can strengthen our memory．(it作形式主语)
It is generally assumed that
4．expand
①Now there are more than 3，000 emojis that expand ________ the way in which we communicate．
②A student's vocabulary _______ through reading．In turn，the _________ of vocabulary contributes to digesting the reading materials better．(expand)
③通过坚持不懈的努力，他的工作室已扩展成为一家大公司。
Through continuous effort，his studio __________________________．
upon/on
expands
expansion
was expanded into a big company
5．comprise
由专家和医务人员组成的医疗小组在地震后不久就抵达了现场。
___________________________ experts and medical staff arrived at the scene shortly after the earthquake．(comprise)
→_________________________ experts and medical staff arrived at the scene shortly after the earthquake．(make)
→___________________________ experts and medical staff arrived at the scene shortly after the earthquake．(consist)
A medical team comprised of
A medical team made up of
A medical team consisting of
6．alternative
①The Internet also provides us with a cheap alternative to _______________ (communicate) with others．
②I could come to your house，or _____________ (alternative)，we could meet in the town．
③共享单车已成为城市出行的象征，为短途出行提供了一种经济实惠且环保的选择。
Shared bicycles have emerged as a symbol of urban mobility，________________________________________________________．
communicating
alternatively
offering an affordable and green alternative for short trips
7．in turn
①(外研版必修第二册Unit 3)It can be quite stressful at times，though，which __ turn makes me feel anxious．
②This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down—a skill that has turned out ______(be) quite practical，especially whenever we share the newspaper．
③___ turned out that the children's efforts paid off when the popcorn was sold out quickly．
in
to be
It
④我们每天晚上轮流做饭，这使得准备饭菜的过程更愉快，也减轻了压力。
________________________________________________________，which makes the meal preparation more enjoyable and less stressful．
→_____________________________________，which makes the meal preparation more enjoyable and less stressful．
We take turns to cook/at cooking/in cooking dinner every evening
We cook dinner by turns every evening
Ⅱ．高频词汇精准练
1．In humans，a greatly enlarged brain ______(boost) self-control，just as it boosts problem-solving skills in the social as well as the physical world．
2．It's important to slow down and think about food as something __________(nutrition) rather than just something to eat in between meetings．
boosts
nutritious
3．In addition，there's no need for pesticides and other _____________
(chemical) that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment．
4．We will discuss the problem in _____ to ______ our understanding．
(depth)
5．More and more countries in the world are short of water，and global water _________(short) are becoming increasingly serious．
chemicals
depth
deepen
shortages
6．__________ all our ____________ are correct，what should we do next？(assume)
7．The book is an _________ of a series of lectures given last year，so you are capable of _________ your knowledge by reading it．(expand)
8．While many people follow ____________ wisdom，it's important to remember that sometimes breaking away from __________ leads to groundbreaking discoveries．(convention)
Assuming
assumptions
expansion
expanding
conventional
convention
Ⅲ．多义词汇语段练(依次写出语段中黑体单词的词性及含义)
1．I often read magazines with my sons，and our favourite is Reader's Digest．As a parent，you can provide many books for children，but you can't force them to think carefully，enjoy books，digest complex information，or develop a taste for learning．Just as you should allow a little time after a meal for the food to digest，you should also give children time to reflect on the books they have read．
①_____________　②_____________　③_______
n．摘要；文摘
v．领会；领悟
v．消化
2．In the process of improving the yield of crops，their team encountered numerous barriers，but they didn't yield to the difficulties and never yielded their goals．
①_____________　②_____________　③_______
3．Besides these proposals，there are no alternative ones，so we have no alternative but to adopt these．
①_______________　②_________________
n．产量；产出
v．屈服；让步
v．放弃
adj．可供替代的
n．可供选择的事物
Ⅳ．写作句式迁移练
1．让我兴奋不已的是，我能区分这种花和另一种花。(that引导的表语从句)
What made me thrilled was ____________________________________
________________________．
that I could distinguish between this kind of flower and another one
2．他是如何在这么短的时间内完成这个项目的仍然是个谜。(how引导的主语从句)
__________________________________________________ is still a mystery．
3．考虑到你对中国的传统节日——端午节非常感兴趣，我写信向你介绍这一节日。(given that 引导的原因状语从句)
________________________________________________—the Dragon Boat Festival，I am writing to introduce it to you．
How he managed to finish the project in such a short time
Given that you are keen on the traditional Chinese festival
4．他是否会来参加会议取决于天气。(whether引导的主语从句)
___________________________________ depends on the weather．
5．他没看手表就冲向了公共汽车站，结果错过了末班车。(动词-ing形式短语作结果状语)
He rushed to the bus stop without looking at his watch，________________________．
Whether he will come to the meeting
missing the last bus
Ⅴ．阅读词汇语境练(写出句中黑体词的词性及含义)(教师独具)
1．Her parents were overcome with great sadness at the funeral．
_____________________
2．Any event attended by the actor received widespread media coverage． ___________
3．We need to be aware of the risks and keep working to alleviate the dangers． _______
4．In theory，says Valentijn，this can create a high enough temperature to generate superheated steam． _______
v．受到……的极大影响
adj．广泛的
v．减轻
v．产生
练表达——主题引领写作
上周六，你校班委会组织学生到学校劳动实践基地参加了春耕、春种等实践活动。请你为你校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1．活动的过程；
2．活动的意义与感想。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
①上周六，我们在学校劳动实践基地参加了春耕种植实践活动。(spring ploughing and planting practice)
Last Saturday，_____________________________________________
________ in the school's labor practice base．
we participated in a spring ploughing and planting practice
②我们被分成了几个小组，还被分配了各种任务，包括犁地、种树、除草和给蔬菜浇水。(be divided into)
We _____________________________________ and assigned various tasks which included ploughing，planting trees，weeding，and watering vegetables．
were divided into several groups
③中午，我们享用了一顿用农民种的蔬菜做的午餐。
At noon，we enjoyed a lunch with the vegetables ________________．
④在日落之前，我们回到了学校，虽然疲惫但很开心。
Before the sunset，we returned to the school，_________________．
⑤我们不仅意识到了劳动的价值，也学会了尊重所有劳动者。
Not only _________________________________，but we also learned to respect all laborers．
grown by farmers
exhausted but happy
were we aware of the value of labor
把以上句子用适当的过渡词和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文。
An Unforgettable Day of School Labor Practice
Last Saturday，we participated in a spring ploughing and planting practice in the school's labor practice base．
The activity lasted for one day．We were divided into several groups and assigned various tasks which included ploughing，planting trees，weeding，and watering vegetables．At noon，we enjoyed a lunch with the vegetables grown by farmers．Before the sunset，we returned to the school，exhausted but happy．
Through this activity，not only were we aware of the value of labor，but we also learned to respect all laborers．
动词 wink 眨眼，stare 盯着看，glance 瞥一眼，glare 怒视，turn转动，squeeze挤压，spark冒火花，sparkle闪烁，glisten闪光，glow(眼睛)发光，fix盯着，scan扫视，gaze凝视
语块 ①eyes wide with horror吓得瞪大眼睛 ②squeeze one's eyes shut紧紧闭上眼睛 ③look straight into one's eyes直视某人的眼睛 ④with one's eyes fixed on sth．眼睛盯着某物 ⑤one's eyes fall on...目光落在……上 ⑥make eye contact进行眼神交流 ⑦one's eyes shine/sparkle/glisten with...眼里闪着……的光芒 ⑧narrow one's eyes 眯起眼睛 ⑨fix one's eyes on盯着……看 ⑩tears well up泪水涌上 turn one's eyes to把目光转向 meet one's eyes与某人对视 feast one's eyes on尽情欣赏，大饱眼福
佳句 1．She avoids any eye contact and quickly looks away when someone approaches．
她避免任何眼神交流，当有人靠近时，她会迅速移开视线。
2．We stared at each other for a while，speechless．
我们面面相觑了一会儿，无言以对。
3．At the scary scene，she was so frightened that she squeezed her eyes shut．
在那个吓人的场景里，她吓坏了，紧紧地闭上了眼睛。
佳句 4．Upon hearing the news，the boys jumped with joy，their eyes shining with excitement．
一听到这个消息，男孩们就高兴地跳了起来，眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。
5．So absorbed was Jane that she fixed her eyes on the screen，lost in deep thought．
简全神贯注，目不转睛地盯着屏幕，陷入沉思。
微情景1　“农业歉收”——满眼忧伤
Tom stood in the middle of his farm，his eyes ①_______________
(吓得瞪大了眼睛) as he surveyed the poor harvest．He ②________________________________(紧紧闭上眼睛片刻)，as if trying to block out the reality．When he opened them again，he stared at the withered crops，③___________________________________(眼神因坚定眯起)．He ④__________________________(把目光转向天
wide with horror
squeezed his eyes shut for a moment
his eyes narrowing in determination
turned his eyes to the sky
空)，as if seeking answers，but there was only the glaring sun．Tears began to well up，but he blinked them back，⑤______________________________(盯着眼前的任务看)．He knew he had to find a way to turn this situation around，and as he scanned the field，his eyes ⑥________________________________(眼中闪烁着一丝希望的光芒)．
fixing his eyes on the task ahead
sparkled with a glimmer of hope
微情景2　“农业丰收” ——满眼喜悦
In spite of the weather disaster，farmers ①____________________
______________(勇敢地克服了一切困难) and looked forward to a good harvest．Indeed，instead of poor harvests，②________________
___________________________(据估计，收成可能会增产)．All villagers came to witness the exciting harvest time．Seeing the golden wheat field stretching as far as they could see，③__________________
_______________________(他们的眼睛里闪烁着喜悦和兴奋)．Even
had bravely overcome
it was estimated
their eyes shone
all difficulties
that a boost might be possible
with joy and excitement
the old who couldn't work on the land came．They ④________________ (眯起眼睛)，talked with smiles and praised the young who were busy with harvesting．Some children gathered together，⑤______________
(他们的目光紧盯着) a cricket that had lost a leg．All in all，the people，whether in the field or on the ground，⑥__________________
_______________________ (沉浸在这无比和谐的景象之中)．
narrowed their eyes
their eyes fixed on
were overcome with
such a harmonious scene
题型组合练(二十一)
(建议用时：45分钟　总分：47.5分)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·河北邯郸模拟)
Since the last ice age，humans have cleared nearly half of the earth's forests and grasslands for agriculture．With the world population expanding，there's ever-increasing pressure on farmland to produce not only more food but also clean energy．In places such as Yakima County，Washington，it's created competition for space as land-hungry solar panels consume available fields．Last month，the state approved plans to cover 1，700 acres of agricultural land with solar panels，fueling concerns over the long-term impacts of losing cropland．
A recent study from the University of California，however，shows how farmers may soon harvest crops and energy together．One researcher，Majdi Abou Najm，explains that visible light spectrum can be separated into blue and red light waves，and their photons (光子) have different properties．Blue ones have higher energy than red ones．While that gives blue light what is needed to generate power，it also results in higher temperatures．“From a plant angle，red photons are the efficient ones，” says Abou Najm．“They don't make the plant feel hot．”
A goal of the study is to create a new generation of solar panels．He sees potential in the organic solar cells，which come from carbon-based materials．Thin and transparent，the cells are applied like a film onto various surfaces．This new technology could be used to develop special solar panels that block blue light to generate power，while passing the red light on to crops planted directly below．These panels could also provide shade for heat-sensitive fruits during the hottest part of the day．
By 2050，we'll have two billion more people，and we'll need more food and more energy．By maximizing the solar spectrum，“we're making full use of an endlessly sustainable resource，” says Abou Najm．“If a technology kicks in that can develop these panels，then the sky is the limit on how efficient we can be．”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，通过开发新一代太阳能电池板来收获红色和蓝色的光波可以分别满足农业和发电的需要，最大限度地利用太阳能。
1．What problem does the first paragraph focus on
A．Losing cropland to solar panels．
B．Distribution of the world population．
C．Reduction in forests and grasslands．
D．Competing for land between farmers．
√
A　[段落大意题。根据第一段中的“In places such as Yakima County...over the long-term impacts of losing cropland．”可知，第一段主要讲述了太阳能电池板占据农田，导致农田空间减少。故选A。]
2．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．Generation of solar power．
B．Hot weather increasing efficiency．
C．Blue photons having higher energy．
D．Separation of visible light spectrum．
√
C　[代词指代题。根据画线词前的“Blue ones have higher energy than red ones．”可知，that指代的是上文提到的蓝色光子有更高的能量。故选C。]
3．What do we know about the organic solar cells
A．They make fruits heat-sensitive．
B．They can cool down in hot days．
C．They allow red light to pass through．
D．They can store carbon-based materials．
√
C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This new technology could...passing the red light on to crops planted directly below．”可知，这种有机太阳能电池板能够阻挡蓝光，让红光通过。故选C。]
4．What does Abou Najm think of the future of the new solar panels
A．Limited． B．Promising．
C．Uncertain． D．Challenging．
√
B　[观点态度题。根据最后一段阿布·纳吉说的话可推知，阿布·纳吉认为有机太阳能电池板非常有前景。故选B。]
B
(2026·湖南永州模拟)
The results of the artificial intelligence (AI) boom have found fertile ground in modern agriculture，from application systems to on-the-go machine operation adjustments．The industrial revolution of AI is promoting the rapid development of agriculture，as equipment makers create “smarter” machinery equipped with increasing amounts of background data and digital circuitry (电路) patterned after the human brain．
In a recent interview about the use of AI in production agriculture，John Deere's President of Lifecycle Solutions，Justin Rose，said AI is essential to his company's goal of helping farmers be more profitable and sustainable while using fewer resources： less land，chemicals and labor．
Rose points to Deere's See & Spray technology and its use of AI to boost productivity through improved crop protection chemical use．“Traditional sprayers treat entire fields with herbicides，but our system uses 36 cameras and advanced machine learning to identify and spray only the weeds—while moving at 12－15 mph，covering 3 football field lengths per minute，” he says．He notes the system uses 70% less chemical than traditional application practices for significant improvements in profitability，sustainability and efficiency．
The examples of AI in agriculture are many，with ranks growing rapidly each year，but before farmers can benefit from these developments，they must first become familiar with the technology and how to operate it，stall settings，plan their season around the equipment and make in-season adjustments．AI is helping with this challenge．Farmers don't have endless opportunities to get everything right，but with the help of AI，we can turn a farm career's 40 harvests into 40，000 opportunities to learn and optimize (优化)．
Rose says the AI race has just begun．“This is the slowest it's ever going to go，and we're all going to have to raise our game and move more quickly all the time，” he explains．That involves those who design and program AI applications，those who depend upon them，and those who sell and service them．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍人工智能在农业中的应用迅速增长。
5．How does Rose illustrate AI's function in chemical use
A．By giving an example．
B．By giving a definition．
C．By making a comparison．
D．By making an assumption．
√
C　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“‘Traditional sprayers treat entire fields with herbicides...while moving at 12－15 mph，covering 3 football field lengths per minute，’ he says．He notes the system uses 70% less chemical than traditional application practices for significant improvements in profitability，sustainability and efficiency．”可知，Rose是通过作比较的方式来说明人工智能在使用化学品中的作用。故选C。]
6．What are farmers advised to do in paragraph 4
A．Acquire knowledge of AI and apply it．
B．Adjust equipment according to the season．
C．Increase the number of harvests by using AI．
D．Take endless chances to get everything right．
√
A　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The examples of AI in agriculture are many...plan their season around the equipment and make in-season adjustments．”可知， 该段建议农民熟悉人工智能技术并投入到实际应用中。故选A。]
7．What does Rose think of AI's current application
A．Immature． B．Fast-paced．
C．Highly-developed． D．Complex．
√
A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，Rose认为人工智能目前的应用不够成熟。故选A。]
8．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．AI Will Replace Workers in Various Fields
B．AI Is Busier in Agriculture Than Many Realize
C．Farmers Say Goodbye to Traditional Agriculture
D．Aims of AI Are Changing in Developing Agriculture
√
B　[标题归纳题。根据全文内容，结合第一段和第四段中的“The examples of AI in agriculture are many，with ranks growing rapidly each year”可知，本文主要介绍人工智能在农业中的应用迅速增长，B项最适合作为文章标题。故选B。]
Ⅱ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Farms are the biggest users of freshwater resources．The Food and Agriculture Organisation says agriculture uses seventy percent of all surface water supplies．That is the world 1 ．Without the right measures，agriculture can be a major cause of water pollution．
But solutions do not have to 2 much．There are simple methods for farms of any size to reduce or 3 pollution of water supplies．We are going to talk about a few of them．
The first 4 fertilisers and pesticides．One way such chemicals can enter the environment is when they are not stored correctly．Stored chemicals can slowly 5 the soil and get into groundwater．To help avoid such problems，chemicals should be kept in structures with a floor made of cement (水泥)．
Farm animals can also pollute water supplies．Animals like cattle，pigs，sheep and goats are often left to 6 on grass in open fields by streams or rivers．Large animals loosen dirt and rocks as they walk along waterways to drink．Animal 7 also enters water supplies．Experts say it is important to keep large farm animals away from water supplies with the use of a fence or 8 ．
Instead of leading animals to water，bring the water to them．Farmers can send water through pipes to watering areas for their animals with pumps 9 by electricity or fuel．Human-powered treadle pumps are another solution．
Trees，bushes and smaller plants can act as 10 barriers along streams and rivers．Bushes provide excellent ground cover 11 grown near waterways．Animals 12 bushes with sharp thorns (刺)．
Tree roots provide natural support for soil．Trees planted near waterways help stop soil loss from heavy rains．They 13 help keep the sun from drying out soil．They hold soil in place during rains and
14 the water flow．These methods will not solve all water quality problems， 15 they are good first steps．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了农场对淡水资源的消耗和污染问题，并提出了一些简单的减少或防止供水污染的方法。
1．A．level B．storage
C．average D．problem
√
C　[考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“The Food and Agriculture Organisation says agriculture uses seventy percent of all surface water supplies．”可知，联合国粮食及农业组织表示，农业使用了所有地表水供应的70%，由此可推知， 70%这个数字应该是世界平均值。故选C。]
2．A．reduce B．take
C．matter D．cost
√
D　[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“There are simple methods for farms of any size to reduce or ___________ pollution of water supplies．”可知，农场可以使用一些简单的方法减少供水污染，因此解决方案并不需要花费太多。故选D。]
3．A．consider B．create
C．prevent D．rescue
√
C　[考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“to reduce or”可推知，空处应该和reduce表达相近的意思，此处指减少或防止供水污染。故选C。]
4．A．deals with B．takes over
C．pays for D．adapts to
√
A　[考查动词短语辨析。根据上文“There are simple methods for farms of any size to reduce or _____________ pollution of water supplies．”可知，这是在介绍减少水污染的方法，因此是首先涉及化肥和农药。故选A。]
5．A．go up B．stretch in
C．make for D．leak into
√
D　[考查动词短语辨析。根据上文“One way such chemicals can enter the environment is when they are not stored correctly．”可推知，储存不正确的情况下，化学物质会慢慢渗入土壤并进入地下水。故选D。]
6．A．feed B．go
C．endanger D．keep
√
A　[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“on grass in open fields by streams or rivers”可推知，这些动物会被留在溪边或河边的草地上进食，短语feed on意为“以……为食”。故选A。]
7．A．fat B．waste
C．food D．medicine
√
B　[考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“Large animals loosen dirt and rocks as they walk along waterways to drink．”可知，这些动物沿着水道行走喝水，因此它们沿途排泄的粪便会进入供水系统。故选B。]
8．A．anything B．nothing
C．something D．everything
√
C　[考查不定代词词义辨析。根据上文“a fence or”可推知，此处用固定短语or something表示“诸如此类的事物”，即建议用栅栏之类的东西让动物远离水源。故选C。]
9．A．attracted B．used
C．made D．powered
√
D　[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“by electricity or fuel”可推知，此处指水泵由电力或燃料驱动，和下文“Human-powered treadle pumps(人力踩踏水泵)”相呼应。故选D。]
10．A．well-equipped B．responsible
C．strong D．natural
√
D　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文“Trees，bushes and smaller plants”可推知，树木、灌木和较小的植物本身生长在农场环境中，可作为溪流和河流的天然屏障。故选D。]
11．A．when B．unless
C．as D．until
√
A　[考查连词词义辨析。根据上文“Bushes provide excellent ground cover”和下文“grown near waterways．”可推知，此处指当在水道附近种植灌木时，它们可以提供很好的地面覆盖物。故选A。]
12．A．choose B．protect
C．enjoy D．avoid
√
D　[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“bushes with sharp thorns”可知，灌木丛有尖刺，因此动物会避开它们。故选D。]
13．A．easily B．hardly
C．also D．either
√
C　[考查副词词义辨析。根据上文“Trees planted near waterways help stop soil loss from heavy rains．”可知，此处是进一步介绍树根对土壤的保护作用，指也有助于防止太阳晒干土壤，且句子是肯定句，应用also。故选C。]
14．A．destroy B．ease
C．speed up D．stop
√
B　[考查动词(短语)词义辨析。根据上文“Tree roots provide natural support for soil．”可知，本段介绍树根对土壤的保护作用，结合下文“the water flow”可知，树根可以减缓水流的流动。故选B。]
15．A．though B．but
C．so D．therefore
√
B　[考查连词和副词词义辨析。根据上文“These methods will not solve all water quality problems”和下文“they are good first steps”可知，前后是转折关系，指这些方法不能解决所有的水质问题，但它们是良好的第一步。故选B。]
Ⅲ．七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·江苏南京二模)
Growing up，I found the word Saturday almost equaled cleaning in my family．As soon as any child was able to use a dust cloth，he or she was assigned a chore (家务活)． 1 Exceptions were made of course，but the older we grew，the more my parents expected us to balance these responsibilities．
Chores were part of my family's way of functioning．We complained and tried to avoid them，but we never questioned why we did them．As a family，we all had roles in keeping the home running smoothly，and the responsibility grew with age． 2 2
When I was a kid，I knew when doing chores I was helping my family．It wasn't until I grew into adulthood that I realized that chores are more than a list of tasks． 3 Being assigned chores communicates that each family member is needed and that their action or non-action affects every single other person living under the same roof．
Handling daily household chores is never easy，but doing them out of love for my family makes it manageable． 4 I enjoy jumping in to help whenever my parents need a hand．While working together，we have the chance to have meaningful conversations，share experiences，and build memories．
5 Household chores mean learning how to manage responsibility and understand kids' role，not to mention practicing discipline，time management，and selflessness．All these consequences would seem to tip the scales (天平) in favor of chores．
A．It made sense to us，as much as we disliked it．
B．They create a sense of belonging within a family．
C．Household chores were a source of great stress for us．
D．Actually，doing chores alongside my family can make them a joy．
E．We had to complete our assigned chore before school assignments．
F．Allowing children to share burdens helps them recognize their strengths．
G．It also comes as no surprise that chores are important for personal growth．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者对家务的认识及做家务带来的积极意义。
1．E　[上文“As soon as any child was able to use a dust cloth，he or she was assigned a chore．”说明孩子会被分配家务活。下文“Exceptions were made of course，but the older we grew，the more my parents expected us to balance these responsibilities．”说明随着我们年龄的增长，父母越希望我们平衡好家务和其他责任。空处承接上文，同时引出下文，E项符合语境。故选E。]
2．A　[上文 “We complained and tried to avoid them，but we never questioned why we did them．As a family，we all had roles in keeping the home running smoothly，and the responsibility grew with age．”说明虽然不喜欢做家务，但也接受了要做家务这件事。空处是对上文的总结。A项中的it指代上文做家务这件事。故选A。]
3．B　[上文“It wasn't until I grew into adulthood that I realized that chores are more than a list of tasks．”说明成年后对家务有了新的认识。空处应具体说明家务的意义。B项阐述了家务的意义，They指代chores，符合语境。故选B。]
4．D　[上文“Handling daily household chores is never easy，but doing them out of love for my family makes it manageable．”说明出于对家人的爱做家务会变得容易接受。空处应承接上文继续说做家务的感受。D项中的“doing chores alongside my family”和上文中的“doing them out of love for my family”相呼应，说明做家务的积极体验。故选D。]
5．G　[下文“Household chores mean learning how to manage responsibility and understand kids' role，not to mention practicing discipline，time management，and selflessness．”说明家务对个人成长的重要性。空处应引出下文关于家务对个人成长重要性的内容。G项符合语境。故选G。]
谢 谢 ！题型组合练(二十一)　选择性必修第一册　UNIT 5　WORKING THE LAND
(建议用时：45分钟　总分：47.5分)
(提示：批阅时只需批阅本页即可)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·河北邯郸模拟)
Since the last ice age，humans have cleared nearly half of the earth's forests and grasslands for agriculture． With the world population expanding，there's ever-increasing pressure on farmland to produce not only more food but also clean energy． In places such as Yakima County，Washington，it's created competition for space as land-hungry solar panels consume available fields． Last month，the state approved plans to cover 1，700 acres of agricultural land with solar panels，fueling concerns over the long-term impacts of losing cropland．
A recent study from the University of California，however，shows how farmers may soon harvest crops and energy together． One researcher，Majdi Abou Najm，explains that visible light spectrum can be separated into blue and red light waves，and their photons (光子) have different properties． Blue ones have higher energy than red ones． While that gives blue light what is needed to generate power，it also results in higher temperatures． “From a plant angle，red photons are the efficient ones，” says Abou Najm． “They don't make the plant feel hot．”
A goal of the study is to create a new generation of solar panels． He sees potential in the organic solar cells，which come from carbon-based materials． Thin and transparent，the cells are applied like a film onto various surfaces． This new technology could be used to develop special solar panels that block blue light to generate power，while passing the red light on to crops planted directly below． These panels could also provide shade for heat-sensitive fruits during the hottest part of the day．
By 2050，we'll have two billion more people，and we'll need more food and more energy． By maximizing the solar spectrum，“we're making full use of an endlessly sustainable resource，” says Abou Najm． “If a technology kicks in that can develop these panels，then the sky is the limit on how efficient we can be．”
1．What problem does the first paragraph focus on
A．Losing cropland to solar panels．
B．Distribution of the world population．
C．Reduction in forests and grasslands．
D．Competing for land between farmers．
2．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．Generation of solar power．
B．Hot weather increasing efficiency．
C．Blue photons having higher energy．
D．Separation of visible light spectrum．
3．What do we know about the organic solar cells
A．They make fruits heat-sensitive．
B．They can cool down in hot days．
C．They allow red light to pass through．
D．They can store carbon-based materials．
4．What does Abou Najm think of the future of the new solar panels
A．Limited．　　 B．Promising．
C．Uncertain． D．Challenging．
B
(2026·湖南永州模拟)
The results of the artificial intelligence (AI) boom have found fertile ground in modern agriculture，from application systems to on-the-go machine operation adjustments．The industrial revolution of AI is promoting the rapid development of agriculture，as equipment makers create “smarter” machinery equipped with increasing amounts of background data and digital circuitry (电路) patterned after the human brain．
In a recent interview about the use of AI in production agriculture，John Deere's President of Lifecycle Solutions，Justin Rose，said AI is essential to his company's goal of helping farmers be more profitable and sustainable while using fewer resources: less land，chemicals and labor．
Rose points to Deere's See & Spray technology and its use of AI to boost productivity through improved crop protection chemical use．“Traditional sprayers treat entire fields with herbicides，but our system uses 36 cameras and advanced machine learning to identify and spray only the weeds—while moving at 12－15 mph，covering 3 football field lengths per minute，” he says．He notes the system uses 70% less chemical than traditional application practices for significant improvements in profitability，sustainability and efficiency．
The examples of AI in agriculture are many，with ranks growing rapidly each year，but before farmers can benefit from these developments，they must first become familiar with the technology and how to operate it，stall settings，plan their season around the equipment and make in-season adjustments．AI is helping with this challenge．Farmers don't have endless opportunities to get everything right，but with the help of AI，we can turn a farm career's 40 harvests into 40，000 opportunities to learn and optimize (优化)．
Rose says the AI race has just begun．“This is the slowest it's ever going to go，and we're all going to have to raise our game and move more quickly all the time，” he explains．That involves those who design and program AI applications，those who depend upon them，and those who sell and service them．
5．How does Rose illustrate AI's function in chemical use
A．By giving an example．
B．By giving a definition．
C．By making a comparison．
D．By making an assumption．
6．What are farmers advised to do in paragraph 4
A．Acquire knowledge of AI and apply it．
B．Adjust equipment according to the season．
C．Increase the number of harvests by using AI．
D．Take endless chances to get everything right．
7．What does Rose think of AI's current application
A．Immature． B．Fast-paced．
C．Highly-developed． D．Complex．
8．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．AI Will Replace Workers in Various Fields
B．AI Is Busier in Agriculture Than Many Realize
C．Farmers Say Goodbye to Traditional Agriculture
D．Aims of AI Are Changing in Developing Agriculture
Ⅱ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Farms are the biggest users of freshwater resources． The Food and Agriculture Organisation says agriculture uses seventy percent of all surface water supplies． That is the world 1 ． Without the right measures，agriculture can be a major cause of water pollution．
But solutions do not have to 2 much． There are simple methods for farms of any size to reduce or 3 pollution of water supplies． We are going to talk about a few of them．
The first 4 fertilisers and pesticides． One way such chemicals can enter the environment is when they are not stored correctly． Stored chemicals can slowly 5 the soil and get into groundwater． To help avoid such problems，chemicals should be kept in structures with a floor made of cement (水泥)．
Farm animals can also pollute water supplies． Animals like cattle，pigs，sheep and goats are often left to 6 on grass in open fields by streams or rivers． Large animals loosen dirt and rocks as they walk along waterways to drink． Animal 7 also enters water supplies． Experts say it is important to keep large farm animals away from water supplies with the use of a fence or 8 ．
Instead of leading animals to water，bring the water to them． Farmers can send water through pipes to watering areas for their animals with pumps 9 by electricity or fuel． Human-powered treadle pumps are another solution．
Trees，bushes and smaller plants can act as 10 barriers along streams and rivers． Bushes provide excellent ground cover 11 grown near waterways． Animals 12 bushes with sharp thorns (刺)．
Tree roots provide natural support for soil． Trees planted near waterways help stop soil loss from heavy rains． They 13 help keep the sun from drying out soil． They hold soil in place during rains and 14 the water flow． These methods will not solve all water quality problems， 15 they are good first steps．
1．A．level　 B．storage
C．average D．problem
2．A．reduce B．take
C．matter D．cost
3．A．consider B．create
C．prevent D．rescue
4．A．deals with B．takes over
C．pays for D．adapts to
5．A．go up B．stretch in
C．make for D．leak into
6．A．feed B．go
C．endanger D．keep
7．A．fat B．waste
C．food D．medicine
8．A．anything B．nothing
C．something D．everything
9．A．attracted B．used
C．made D．powered
10．A．well-equipped B．responsible
C．strong D．natural
11．A．when B．unless
C．as D．until
12．A．choose B．protect
C．enjoy D．avoid
13．A．easily B．hardly
C．also D．either
14．A．destroy B．ease
C．speed up D．stop
15．A．though B．but
C．so D．therefore
Ⅲ．七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·江苏南京二模)
Growing up，I found the word Saturday almost equaled cleaning in my family． As soon as any child was able to use a dust cloth，he or she was assigned a chore (家务活)． 1 Exceptions were made of course，but the older we grew，the more my parents expected us to balance these responsibilities．
Chores were part of my family's way of functioning． We complained and tried to avoid them，but we never questioned why we did them． As a family，we all had roles in keeping the home running smoothly，and the responsibility grew with age． 2
When I was a kid，I knew when doing chores I was helping my family． It wasn't until I grew into adulthood that I realized that chores are more than a list of tasks． 3 Being assigned chores communicates that each family member is needed and that their action or non-action affects every single other person living under the same roof．
Handling daily household chores is never easy，but doing them out of love for my family makes it manageable． 4 I enjoy jumping in to help whenever my parents need a hand． While working together，we have the chance to have meaningful conversations，share experiences，and build memories．
5 Household chores mean learning how to manage responsibility and understand kids' role，not to mention practicing discipline，time management，and selflessness． All these consequences would seem to tip the scales (天平) in favor of chores．
A．It made sense to us，as much as we disliked it．
B．They create a sense of belonging within a family．
C．Household chores were a source of great stress for us．
D．Actually，doing chores alongside my family can make them a joy．
E．We had to complete our assigned chore before school assignments．
F．Allowing children to share burdens helps them recognize their strengths．
G．It also comes as no surprise that chores are important for personal growth．
题型组合练(二十一)
Ⅰ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，通过开发新一代太阳能电池板来收获红色和蓝色的光波可以分别满足农业和发电的需要，最大限度地利用太阳能。
1．A　[段落大意题。根据第一段中的“In places such as Yakima County．．．over the longterm impacts of losing cropland．”可知，第一段主要讲述了太阳能电池板占据农田，导致农田空间减少。故选A。]
2．C　[代词指代题。根据画线词前的“Blue ones have higher energy than red ones．”可知，that指代的是上文提到的蓝色光子有更高的能量。故选C。]
3．C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This new technology could．．．passing the red light on to crops planted directly below．”可知，这种有机太阳能电池板能够阻挡蓝光，让红光通过。故选C。]
4．B　[观点态度题。根据最后一段阿布·纳吉说的话可推知，阿布·纳吉认为有机太阳能电池板非常有前景。故选B。]
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍人工智能在农业中的应用迅速增长。
5．C　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“‘Traditional sprayers treat entire fields with herbicides．．．while moving at 12－15 mph，covering 3 football field lengths per minute，’ he says．He notes the system uses 70% less chemical than traditional application practices for significant improvements in profitability，sustainability and efficiency．”可知，Rose是通过作比较的方式来说明人工智能在使用化学品中的作用。故选C。]
6．A　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The examples of AI in agriculture are many．．．plan their season around the equipment and make inseason adjustments．”可知， 该段建议农民熟悉人工智能技术并投入到实际应用中。故选A。]
7．A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，Rose认为人工智能目前的应用不够成熟。故选A。]
8．B　[标题归纳题。根据全文内容，结合第一段和第四段中的“The examples of AI in agriculture are many，with ranks growing rapidly each year”可知，本文主要介绍人工智能在农业中的应用迅速增长，B项最适合作为文章标题。故选B。]
Ⅱ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了农场对淡水资源的消耗和污染问题，并提出了一些简单的减少或防止供水污染的方法。
1．C　[考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“The Food and Agriculture Organisation says agriculture uses seventy percent of all surface water supplies．”可知，联合国粮食及农业组织表示，农业使用了所有地表水供应的70%，由此可推知， 70%这个数字应该是世界平均值。故选C。]
2．D　[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“There are simple methods for farms of any size to reduce or pollution of water supplies．”可知，农场可以使用一些简单的方法减少供水污染，因此解决方案并不需要花费太多。故选D。]
3．C　[考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“to reduce or”可推知，空处应该和reduce表达相近的意思，此处指减少或防止供水污染。故选C。]
4．A　[考查动词短语辨析。根据上文“There are simple methods for farms of any size to reduce or pollution of water supplies．”可知，这是在介绍减少水污染的方法，因此是首先涉及化肥和农药。故选A。]
5．D　[考查动词短语辨析。根据上文“One way such chemicals can enter the environment is when they are not stored correctly．”可推知，储存不正确的情况下，化学物质会慢慢渗入土壤并进入地下水。故选D。]
6．A　[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“on grass in open fields by streams or rivers”可推知，这些动物会被留在溪边或河边的草地上进食，短语feed on意为“以……为食”。故选A。]
7．B　[考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“Large animals loosen dirt and rocks as they walk along waterways to drink．”可知，这些动物沿着水道行走喝水，因此它们沿途排泄的粪便会进入供水系统。故选B。]
8．C　[考查不定代词词义辨析。根据上文“a fence or”可推知，此处用固定短语or something表示“诸如此类的事物”，即建议用栅栏之类的东西让动物远离水源。故选C。]
9．D　[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“by electricity or fuel”可推知，此处指水泵由电力或燃料驱动，和下文“Humanpowered treadle pumps(人力踩踏水泵)”相呼应。故选D。]
10．D　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文“Trees, bushes and smaller plants”可推知，树木、灌木和较小的植物本身生长在农场环境中，可作为溪流和河流的天然屏障。故选D。]
11．A　[考查连词词义辨析。根据上文“Bushes provide excellent ground cover”和下文“grown near waterways．”可推知，此处指当在水道附近种植灌木时，它们可以提供很好的地面覆盖物。故选A。]
12．D　[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“bushes with sharp thorns”可知，灌木丛有尖刺，因此动物会避开它们。故选D。]
13．C　[考查副词词义辨析。根据上文“Trees planted near waterways help stop soil loss from heavy rains．”可知，此处是进一步介绍树根对土壤的保护作用，指也有助于防止太阳晒干土壤，且句子是肯定句，应用also。故选C。]
14．B　[考查动词(短语)词义辨析。根据上文“Tree roots provide natural support for soil．”可知，本段介绍树根对土壤的保护作用，结合下文“the water flow”可知，树根可以减缓水流的流动。故选B。]
15．B　[考查连词和副词词义辨析。根据上文“These methods will not solve all water quality problems”和下文“they are good first steps”可知，前后是转折关系，指这些方法不能解决所有的水质问题，但它们是良好的第一步。故选B。]
Ⅲ．1．E　2．A　3．B　4．D　5．G
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