资源简介

(共18张PPT)
Unit 1 Developing Ideas
Read the short introductions to Mark Twain and Lin Yutang and share what else you know about them with the class.
Mark Twain (1835-1910) was an American writer, humorist, lecturer and adventurer, who acquired international fame for his travel narratives（旅行叙事）, in particular The Innocents Abroad《傻瓜国外旅行记》, and for his adventure stories of boyhood, such as The Adventures of Tom Sawyer《汤姆·索亚历险记》 and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》. He is regarded as one of North America’s best and most beloved（钟爱的） writers due to his wit and satire (讽刺).
Lin Yutang (1895-1976) was a Chinese writer, translator, linguist, philosopher（哲学家） and inventor. His informal but sophisticated style of writing, in both Chinese and English, made him one of the most influential writers of his generation. His most famous works include My Country and My People 《吾国与吾民》 and The importance of Living 《生活的艺术》. He’s also known as a wise and witty populariser（普及者） of Chinese philosophy and the Chinese way of life.
Mark Twain
(1835-1910)
Lin Yutang
(1895-1976)
Two famous writers showing great humour in their works and their daily life
The
Importance
of Humour
Humour has been an essential part of human behaviour for thousands of years. There is comedy in the texts of Ancient Greece, and medieval writings are filled with jokes. While these same jokes might not be as funny to us now as they were then, their authors understood that humour could not only entertain but also throw new light on sensitive or emotive issues.
The title indictes the main topic of the whole passage.
The first sentence serves as the main idea of para.1.
The last sentence is used to introduce the next paragraph.
充满
对...有新的了解
尽管
Closer to modern times, someone who is remembered for his ability to combine humour with more serious messages is American writer, Mark Twain. Twain's particular style of writing is funny and often mischievous. For example, in his classic novel The Adventures of Tom Sauyer, he famously says, "Writing is easy. All you have to do is cross out the wrong words." But he is equally well known for his witty remarks in his everyday interactions with people. For instance, while on a lecturing tour of the United States, Twain went into a barber's shop to get a haircut and a shave. The barber, not recognising him, asked if he had a ticket to the lecture. When Twain replied that he didn't, the barber told him that if he wanted to go to the event he would have to stand, as there were no seats left in the theatre. Twain's response was, "That's just my luck. I always have to stand when that fellow lectures!"
This paragraph uses examples to show humour plays an important role in Mark Twain's works and his life.
把...和...结合起来
删除
与..的互动
Like Twain, but on the other side of the world, Lin Yutang was soon to become famous for his unique brand of humour. A well-known bilingual writer, Lin brought the concept of humour to modern Chinese literature. In 1924, he creativly borrowed "youmo" from Ancient Chinese as the translation for the English word "humour". "Youmo" is sill being used in this way today.
品牌
独特的幽默
从...中借来，引用
作为
Lin's quick wit helped make him famous as a master of humour. Once, having been invited to dinner at a university, he was put on the spot when the president suddenly asked him to give a speech. Thinking on his feet, Lin started to tell a story about a cruel Roman emperor who tried to feed a man to wild animals. First came a lion. The man whispered something in the lion's ear, after which the lion shook its head and walked away unhappily. Then along came a tiger. Again, the man whispered in the tiger's ear. The tiger looked shocked and hurried away. "What did you say to my animals " said the emperor, astonished. "I told them they had to make a speech after eating me for dinner." Lin's audience roared with laughter. With this little joke,Lin was able to make people laugh, while gently telling off the president.
敏捷的思维 wit n.思维
使某人难堪
做演讲
急中生智
把..喂给...
哄堂大笑
斥责
Both Twain and Lin understood that humour isn't just about laughter, but is
a way of life and a tool that can be used to illuminate the world. Lin even created an equation to explain this concept: Reality＋Dreams ＋Humour=Wisdom. Living and working with others can sometimes be complicated, and humour makes this easier. Sharing jokes and laughing together can bring individuals and even communities together. Indeed, some may argue that our need for humour is almost as great as our need for water and air. In the words of MarkTwain, "Humor is mankind's greatest blessing".
一种..的方式
工具
1
2
3
Mark Twain
Remebered for ability to _________________with more ________________.
Writing style:_________________
Example:_____________________
Also well known for his witty remarks
Example:_______________________
Organize information from the passage and complete the diagram.
Introduction
Humour is an essential part of _______________. Authors have used it to ________and throw new light on___________________________
human behavior
entertain
sensitive and emotive issues
Conclusion
Humour is a ___________ and a tool that can be used to
____________________.
way of life
illuminate the world
combine humour
funny&mischievous
serious messages
The Adventures of Tom Sauyer
A talk with a barbar
Lin Yutang
Famous for his unique brand of humor
Evidence:
___________________________
Quick wit helped make him famous as___________________
Example:
___________________________
He once gently told off the president
a master of humour
He brought the concept of humor to Chinese literature.
Key sentences
1. While these same jokes might not be as funny to us now as they were then, their authors understood that humour could not only entertain but also throw new light on sensitive or emotive issues.
虽然这些相同的笑话现在对我们来说可能不像那时那么有趣，但它们的作者明白,幽默不仅可以娱乐，而且可以为敏感或情绪化的问题提供新的视角。
while 引导让步状语从句，表示 “尽管”之意
翻译练习
尽管他爱他的学生们，但是他对他们要求颇为严格。
While he loves his students, he is very strict with them.
2. throw light on 阐明，照亮
while 引导让步状语从句，表示 “尽管”之意
单句语法填空
But his statement didn't not throw light ________ the subject.
翻译练习
你提供的情报可能阐明他的死因。
Your information __________________ the cause of his death.
最近一项对蜗牛壳的研究也许能给这个谜题带来一线光明。
Recent research into a snail's shell ___________________ this puzzle.
on
may throw light on
may throw light on
3. Like Twain, but on the other side of the world, Lin Yutang was soon to become famous for his unique brand of humour. A well-known bilingual writer, Lin brought the concept of humour to modern Chinese literature.
像吐温一样，但在世界的另一边，林语堂很快以他独特的幽默风格而闻名。林是著名的双语作家，他将幽默的概念引入中国现代文学。
brand of ...的风格
翻译练习
丘吉尔独特的政治(politics)风格不适合战后英国的民众情绪，他在1945年的大选中失败。
Churchill's _____________________ was not suited to the mood of post-war Britain, and he lost tbe general election of 1945.
unique brand of politics
4. put.…on the spot: 使某人处于尴尬的境地，为难某人
翻译练习
你让我很尴尬，我回答不了你的问题。
我不想为难你，但是我真的想知道你是怎么认识Tim的。
You put me on the spot. I can't answer you question.
I don’t want to put you on the spot, but I'm really anxious about how you know Tim.
5. think on one's feet 头脑反应很快；才思敏捷
如：没有时间翻阅参考书(reference book)了,做这项工作你得思维敏捷.
There's no time to look through reference books. You have to think on your feet for this job.
6. With this little joke,Lin was able to make people laugh, while gently telling off the president.
tell off 责备
我们训斥他时，他从来都不听。
He never listens to us when we tell him off.
Charlie Chaplin was born in London in 1889. His father died early, making him homeless. In order to earn money Chaplin began to sing and dance in 1894. Ten years later, he went to the United States.
He directed and starred in many humorous films between 1914 and 1916, the most famous of which were Modern Times, The Great Dictator, The Gold Rush and so on. He focuses on the performance of small people and through humorous body language to express the feelings of the characters. It isn't what he says but little actions that makes us laugh which mean the same thing to people all over the world.
Though he died in Switzerland in 1977, he is still loved and remembered as a great actor
感谢您的观看(共10张PPT)
非限制性定语从句
Tom passed the exam, which made his parents very happy.
Last night I saw a very good film, which was about the great thinker, Confucius.
Do you know Tom, whom we just talked about.
限制性定语从句
The vase that/which I broke yesterday was very expensive.
This is the man who/whom/that we are talking about.
区别：非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是一个单词、也可以是句子。限制性定语从句的先行词只能是一个单词。非限制性定语从句前需用逗号隔开。
区别：
①非限制性定语从句不能用指物或者指前面整句话的时候，只能用which，不能用that；
②当先行词在定语从句中做宾语的时候，只能用whom，不能用who
限制性 非限制性
He has a daughter who works in a hospital. He has a daughter, who works in a hospital.
强调他有一个在医院工作的女儿 强调他有一个女儿，“在医院工作”是补充说明女儿的工作
限制性 非限制性
Her brother who is a soldier always encourages her to go to a college. Her brother, who is a soldier, always encourages her to go to a college.
强调是当兵的那个哥哥总是鼓励她上大学，而不是别的哥哥 强调她的哥哥总是鼓励他上大学，哥哥是当兵的只是对哥哥信息的一个补充
区别：非限制性定语从句起补充说明的作用，对句意影响不大。限制性定语从句影响句意
1 Go for a walk in the countryside, where you can enjoy the beautiful views and a peaceful atmosphere.
2 Spend time with your family and friends, which will activate chemicals in your brain to make you feel happier.
3 Try to accept your mistakes, where / through which you can learn a lot.
4 Close your eyes and picture the future, where you’ve made your dreams come true.
Rewrite the tips using non-defining attributive clauses.
Complete the joke with the sentence parts in the box using who/which and put commas in the correct position.
has lost his patience by now
he thinks will impress Holmes
is lying next to him
he finds annoying
, who is lying next to him
, which he finds annoying,
, which he thinks will impress Holmes
, who has lost his patience by now,
确定关系词，然后找出句子中的先行词。
Jone, who was my former teacher, retired last year.
I’d like a room whose window looks out over the sea.
The house, whose windows face east, is under repair（在修理）.
The little boy can speak two foreign languages, which surprises all the people present.
The next day we arrived in New York, where we were interviewed on the radio.
The National Day falls on October 1st, when he was born.
（1）在 which，as 引导的非限制性定语从句中，关系代词 which，as 都表示一个整体概念。 所以当它们在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词总是用单数形式。
（2）as 引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词是整个主句。从句可位于主句前或主句后，也可位于主句中间。as 引导的定语从句表示说话人的看法、态度或评论，as具有“正如，像”等意思。
As we all know,... 正如我们所知道的，...
As is known to you,...正如你知道的，....
As what we noticed,... 正如我们注意到的，...
用which/as填空
(1) The couple were invited to the meeting, which was a great honour to them.
(2) This man, as you know, is good for nothing.
(3) These apple trees, which I planted three years ago, have not produced any fruits.
(4) He said that he had never seen her before, which was not true.
(5) As is known to Americans, Mark Twain is a great American writer.
grin from ear to ear
laugh one’s head off
be all smiles
laughing stock
crack a smile
grin v. 咧嘴笑
咧嘴大笑
狂笑，大笑不已
眉开眼笑（看起来很和善，但一般有求于人）
笑料，笑柄
微微一笑(共31张PPT)
Unit 1
Laugh out loud!
LOL 开怀大笑
1 What forms of comedy are mentioned in the video
Stage plays with happy endings, comedy acts
with clowns, cross-talk, stand up, sitcom and
comedy film.
2 Have you ever been to a comedy show Share your experience with the class.
Watch the video and answer the questions.
Starting out
1 You tell a joke,which none of your friends find funny. How do you react
a Laugh anyway and apologise for your sense of humour.
b Tell the joke again,but louder and more slowly.
c Criticie your friends' sense of humour and walk off.
2 It's a Saturday afternoon and you're not doing much. A friend calls and invites you on an adventure to explore a new town. What do you say
a "Of course! I'll be ready in fifteen minutesl"
b"Sounds interesting. Tell me more about it."
c "No, thanks. Maybe next time."
3 You and some friends get lost in an area you've never been to before. What do you do
a Lift the mood（调节情绪） with a joke and explore the area.
b Stay positive and try to find your way back.
c Show everyone you are worried and complain.
Complete the questionnaire and find out if you are fun to be with.
Turn to Page 84 to find out your result.
4 You receive a birthday present from a friend, but when you open the box it's empty. How do you feel
a Think it s a good joke and laugh about it.
b Feel hurt, but try to laugh about it.
c Get angry and tell your friend it is a silly joke.
5 You're skateboarding with a friend and he falls over in a dramatic way. What do you do
a Laugh loudly non-stop because it's so funny!
b Check if he's OK and make him feel better with a joke.
c Help him get back up and avoid mentioning his fall.
Learning aid Results of the questionnaire.
Mostly “a”You're fun to be with, which means most people like you. However, make sure you're not the type of person who does things only to please other people. It’s also important to make time for the things that you enjoy, otherwise you might end up feeling miserable.
Mostly “b”Your close friends probably think you're fun to be with, which is great, but what about other people Try making an effort to understand others and accept that not everyone has the same sense of humour or fun.
Mostly “c”You're probably really happy to spend time by yourself, but try sharing your time and interests with others. Finding people you can laugh with and have adventures with is what lifelong friendships are all about.
When people laugh or smile, they feel better because_______.
A. Laughter can help people get better more quickly
B. laughter helps the respiratory and cardiovascular system
C. it relaxes the muscles, lessens stress and reduces pain
D. Laughter can help people cope with difficult situations
the respiratory and cardiovascular system
呼吸和心脑血管系统
Understanding ideas
a private garden
a circus
a busy street
a hospital
an amusement park
a theatre
Tick the places where you would expect to see a clown.
Background knowledge
A doctor
A clown
Can a clown be a doctor
Yes, he/she can.
No, he/she can't.
Clown Doctors treat sick children with fun and laughter. Imagine being a child in hospital, away
from the comfort of your home and everything familiar, and feeling sad, anxious, frightened, lonely or in pain. This is where the Clown Doctors help.
Read the passage and find out what is special about this clown’s job.
This clown works in a hospital or other health care facilities . His job is to comfort, entertain and cheer up patients, their families as well as the hospital staff in order to remove their nervousness and make them feel better.
Match the questions to the paragraphs and find out the answers.
□ a. Which patient is in need of the clown doctors attention and why
□ b. What is a clown doctor and why did the author choose to be one
□ c. How does he author feel after a day's work
□ d. What are the responsibilities of a clown doctor
□ e. How does the clown doctor help the patient
□ f. What does this clown doctor wear and what is his working environment like
1
2
3
4
5
6
Question for para. 1
What does this clown doctor wear and what is his working environment like
As I approach the hospital wearing my white coat, I look just like any other doctor. That is until I put on my curly rainbow wig, big red nose, and add my name badge "Doctor Larry Laugh-Out-Loud". I walk through the doors into the waiting area, where there's a familiar atmosphere of boredom and tension. People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs, looking through old magazines, all of which have been read hundreds of times previously. Anxious parents do what they can to comfort nervous and crying children.
Main idea of Para.1: The author's daily routine in a hospital
v-ing作方式状语
走近
直到...为止
添加（佩戴）
bored 无聊的
tense 紧张的
浏览
次数
which引导的非限定性定语从句，指代整个主句或主句的一部分，前面用逗号与主句隔开。
翻译练习
1. 这些树，是我三年前种的，还没有结果子。
These apple trees, __________________________, have not borne any fruit.
2. 在那么多人面前他有点紧张，这是可以理解的。
In the presence of so many people he was little tense, _______________________.
which I planted three years ago
which was understandable
Question for Para. 2：
Which patient is in need of the clown doctors attention and why
In the middle of this particular scene I spot a small girl whose ankle is twice its normal size. I speak with the on-duty nurse, who tells me that Lara's parents rushed her to the hospital after she fell off her bicycle. Since getting here, Lara has spent her time crying in pain. Although it's the doctors and nurses who will treat her injury, it's my job to make her feel better.
Main idea of Para.2: The author spots a crying girl
场景
What does this refer to
看到
the girl’s
两倍
值班的
自从
处理
强调句，强调 the doctors and nurses
根据划线部分，把下列句子变成强调句。It is/was.... that....
1. We completed the task with their help.
2. The clown doctors work together with medical professionals.
3. I chose this career becuse of my experience of going to hospital when I was a kid.
It was with their help that we completed the task.
It was the clown doctors who/that work together with medical professionals.
It was because of my experience of going to hospital when I was a kid that I chose this career.
Question for Para. 3：
What is a clown doctor and why did the author choose to be one
Scientific studies show that laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better, which means clown doctors can be helpful. We are specially trained clowns who work as part of a programme known as "hospital clowning". I chose this career because of my experience of going to hospital when I was a kid. Although the doctors and nurses did a great job, hospitals weren't really designed for children. I spent much of the time when I was there feeling frightened and more than a little bored! Being a clown doctor means I can help people by entertaining them.
Main idea of Para.3: The reason why the author chose to be a clown doctor
产生
受过训练的
为了
不止
动名词作主语
Question for Para. 4：
What are the responsibilities of a clown doctor
Visiting hospitals and other health care facilities, we clown doctors work together with medical professionals. On a typical day, we spend our time cheering up patients, their families, and more often than not, the hospital staff, too! We do this by doing magic tricks, singing songs, telling stories and, of coursce, telling silly jokes. Some children, though, don't feel like laughing, especially if they're in pain. We have to be very sensitive and work closely with the doctors and nurses, who keep us updated on each patient.
Main idea of Para.4: The role clown doctors play in hospitals and other healthy care facilities
When we visit
专业人员
一般来说，通常情况下
往往，多半，通常
魔术
傻的，愚蠢的
feel like doing 想要做...
谨慎的，敏感的
keep sb updated 使某人获知最新消息
动词的现在分词作状语，表示原因， 方式，时间，条件，结果等，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，表示正在发生的动作。
单句语法填空
1. There was a terrible noise ___________(follow) the sudden burst of light.
2. European football is played in more than 80 countries, ___________(make) it the most popular sport in the world.
3. ___________(see) from the top of the hill, we can find that the city looks more beautiful.
4. Weather ___________(permit), we'll go to the Great wall.
5. ___________(walk) in the street, I saw him.
6. ___________(judge) from his worried face, we knew that he must have had some trouble.
7. Generally speaking, there are several reasons ___________(account) for this phenomenon.
8. The argument is very ___________(convince).
following
making
Seeing
permitting
Judging
Walking
accounting
convincing
Question for Para. 5：
How does the clown doctor help the patient
And my magic medicine does indeed seem to do the trick. While the doctor concentrates on examining Lara's ankle, I get her attention by doing a magic trick. Although she is clearly still in some pain, her scared and anxious look has been replaced—first by a small smile, and then by loud laughter as I "magically" produce her sock from out of my pocket. Seeing their daughter so much happier has in turn made Lara's parents more relaxed.
Main idea of Para.5: Clown doctors make a difference to sick children and their parents
表示强调：确实
当..时侯
专心于
focus on
表情
取代，代替
当..时候
动名词作主语
依次，接下来
从..之中
Question for Para. 6：
How does the author feel after a day's work
And as for me Well, when I take off my wig and my red nose, I'm still wearing a big smile, as I remember all the fun and laughter of the day. While there might be more hospital visits ahead for Lara and others, I hope that clown doctors help make it a friendlier place to visit. Afer all, it really is true that "laughter is the best medicine".
Main idea of Para.6: Clown doctors make a difference to themselves.
对于..来说，至于
脱下
带着
因为，由于
尽管
面临
Where can we find this article
A. In a guidebook
B. In an advertisement
C. In an announcement
D. On a hospital website
Organise information from the passage and complete the job advertisement.
health care facilities
nervous, pain or bored
the hospital staff
magic tricks
a friendlier place to visit
直击高考 Laughter is the best medicine
Many people believe that there is some 1_______(true) in the saying “Laughter is the best medicine”. In fact, research done by scientists has shown that laughter has a lot of health benefits. Laughter helps relieve pain, 2___________(strong) the immune system and reduce stress. Laughter stimulates hormones 3_________ make us feel happy. Laughter also increases the flow of blood throughout the body and has benefits which are similar 4______ the ones you get by doing exercise.
Using laughter therapy in children`s hospitals has proven to be invaluable. Children 5_________(expose)to funny films and cartoons before major medical procedures are able to cope better with pain anxiety. This finding has led to so-called clown doctors. These are professional clowns who 6___________(send) to hospitals and wards to entertain and distract sick children.
truth
strengthen
that/which
to
exposed
are sent
Laughter therapy has become very popular in recent years and as a result, more and more laughter clubs are starting to open up in cities and towns all over the world. At a laughter session, a trained therapist instructs the group 7__________(perform) a series of exercises which are designed to produce laughter. Some people may find the idea 8______________ (embarrass) at first. And it takes them some time to get rid of their inhibitions(心里抑制）. They might even start off with fake laughter, but this doesn`t matter because our bodies can`t tell the difference, and the results are the same. Moreover, laughter is contagious(传染的）。If one person starts giggling, it is unavoidable 9_____ everyone else will be drawn in .
So next time you feel ill, stressed out or depressed, try watching a funny film or try remembering an amusing incident in your life. You will soon feel 10________(good).
to perform
embarrassing
that
better

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