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写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　　　n.海报;招贴画 2.　　　　 adv.立刻;马上;直接地 3.　　　　 n.物种;种类 4.　　　　 n.速度;(比)率;价格 vt.划分等级;评估;估价;认为 5.　　　　 n.大量;堆;群 adj.大量的;广泛的 v.聚集;集结 6.　　　　 n.(动植物的)生活环境;栖息地 7.　　　　 n.平均数;平均水平 adj.平均的;正常的;普通的 v.平均为;计算平均值 8.　　　　 adj.居住的;活的;在用的;现存的 n.生活;生计 9.　　　　　　　n.措施;方法;尺寸 vt.测量;度量;估量 10.　　　　 vt.& vi.(shot,shot)射杀;射伤;发射;拍摄 n.幼苗;嫩芽 11.　　　　 vi.& vt.攻击;袭击;抨击 n.攻击;抨击;(疾病)发作 12.　　　　 adj.由于,因为;到期的;预期的;应付的 n.应付款;应得之物 13.　　　　 n.皮;皮肤 vt.剥皮;削皮
阅 读 词 汇 1.shark　　　　　n.　　　　　　　 2.fin n.　　　　　　　 3.rating n.　　　　　　　 4.prince n.　　　　　　　 5.authority n.　　　　　　　 6.whale n.　　　　　　　 7.antelope n.　　　　　　　 8.plain n.　　　　　　　 adj.　　　　　　　 9.herd n.　　　　　　　 10.fur n.　　　　　　　 11.sacred adj.　　　　　　　 12.goods n.　　　　　　　 13.creature　　　　　n.　　　　　　　 14.deer n.　　　　　　　 15.kangaroo n.　　　　　　　 16.insect n.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 adj.　　　　　　　 18.neighbourhood n.　　　　　　　 19.binoculars n.　　　　　　　 20.dolphin n.　　　　　　　 21.koala n.　　　　　　　 22.stir vt.　　　　　　　 23.Tibetan adj.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 adj.不合法的;非法的→ 　　　　 adv.不合法地;非法地→ 　　　　 adj.合法的 2.　　　　 vt.& vi.打猎;搜寻;追捕→ 　　　　 n.猎人 3.　　　　 vt.使惊恐;使害怕;使担心 n.恐慌;警报;警报器→　　　　 adj.担心的;害怕的→ 　　　　 adj.惊人的;使人惊恐的 4.　　　　 adj.已灭绝的→ 　　　　 n.灭绝 5.　　　　 adj.知道;发觉;有……意识的→　　　　 n.意识;认识 6.　　　　 vt.危害;使遭受危险→　　　　 adj.(物种)有灭种危险的,濒临灭绝的 7.　　　　 vt.涉及;让……担忧 n.担心,忧虑;关心→ 　　　　 adj.担心的;关切的→ 　　　　 prep.关于;涉及 8.　　　　 vi.适应 vt.使适应;使适合→ 　　　　 n.适应;改编→　　　　 adj.有适应能力的;能适应的 9.　　　　 n.压力;要求→　　　　 vi.& vt.按;压;逼迫→　　　　 adj.紧急的;急迫的 10.　　　　 n.(动植物) 保护区;储藏(量) vt.预订;预留;保留→　　　　 n.预订;预留 11.　　　　 vt.观察 (到);注视;遵守→　　　　 n.观察;观测;监视→　　　　 n.观察者;观测者 12.　　　　 n.美;美人;美好的东西→ 　　　　 adj.美丽的→　　　　 vt.使美化;使变美 13.　　　　 vt.提醒;使想起→　　　　 n.引起回忆的事物;提醒人的事物 14.　　　　 n.利润;利益→　　　　 adj.有利润的;赢利的;有益的;有好处的 15.　　　　 adj.有效的;生效的→　　　　 adv.有效地;生效地→　　　　 n.影响;效果 16.　　　　 vi.恢复;康复 vt.找回;寻回→　　　　 n.恢复;复苏;康复 17.　　　　 vt.去除;移开;脱去→　　　　 n.移动;去除 18.　　　　 vi.& vt.打算;计划;想要→ 　　　　 n.打算;目的;意图→　　　　 adj.打算的;计划的;为……打算(或设计)的 19.　　　　 n.威胁→　　　　 vt.威胁;危及 20.　　　　 vi.存在;生存→ 　　　　 adj.现存的;现行的→　　　　 n.生存;存在 21.　　　　 n.和谐;融洽→　　　　 adj.和谐的 22.　　　　 vt.减少 →　　　　 n.减少 23.　　　　 n.感情;情感;情绪→ 　　　　 adj.情感的 24.　　　　 adj.特别的;不寻常的→　　　　 adj.平常的;通常的
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　　　究竟;到底 2.　　　　　　　 灭亡;逐渐消失 3.　　　　　　　 意识到;知道 4.　　　　　　　 平均 5.　　　　　　　 取得进步 6.　　　　　　　 对……关切的;为……担忧的 7.　　　　　　　 适应 8.　　　　　　　 在压力下;承受压力 9.　　　　　　　　　　看清;听清;分清 10.　　　　　　　 使某人想起(类似的人或物) 11.　　　　　　　 从……挽救 12.　　　　　　　 保护;照管;监督 13.　　　　　　　 日日夜夜;夜以继日 14.　　　　　　　 由于;因为 15.　　　　　　　 搜索;查找 16.　　　　　　　 激起 17.　　　　　　　 野生动物保护
重 点 句 型 1.大象需要很大的生活空间,因此对它们来说适应这些变化很难。(It+be+adj.+for sb+to do ...) Elephants need large living spaces,so 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 2.这就是我们来到此地的原因——观察藏羚羊。(This is why ...“这就是……的原因”) 　　　　　　　　　　　　 — to observe Tibetan antelopes. 3.只有学会和大自然和睦共处,我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。(“only+状语”置于句首引起的部分倒装) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet. 4.谈到野生动物保护,所有的物种,无论好的、坏的还是丑的,都应该得到平等的对待。(“when it comes to...”句型) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,all species—the good,the bad,and the ugly—should be treated equally.
动词变名词的后缀“-ance” 集锦:
①guide→guidance 指导　　　　　②assist→assistance帮助　　　③attend→attendance出席
④perform→performance表演 ⑤resist→resistance抵抗 ⑥accept→acceptance接受
⑦maintain→maintenance维护 ⑧appear→appearance出现 ⑨endure→endurance忍受
⑩insure→insurance保险 rely→reliance依赖 tolerate→tolerance容忍
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Batteries are energy-efficient and electric cars can plug into 　　　　 (exist) systems and services. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)When the final bell rang in June,I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance—the ability to connect people,to put us in another’s 　　　　(皮肤),to teach us what it means to be human. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Whole 　　　　　　　　 (neighbourhood) were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they 　　　　 (去除) microplastics. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa,where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable 　　　　 (remind) of fact than a prayer at dinner time. 6.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Most of Ho’s students will 　　　　 (恢复;康复),which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care. 7.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the 　　　　 (普通的) restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1,000 in revenue (收入),and of that waste only 15.7% is donated or recycled. 8.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)English market towns come in many shapes and sizes.Each has a personality shaped by the goods (　　　　　　) and services produced and traded for centuries. 9.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)“People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating(　　　　　　),”she says. 10.(2025·浙江1月卷)Here are some tips worth following in order to communicate more 　　　　 (effective).
11.(2025·浙江1月卷)When women are put into positions of leadership like running companies,it 　　　　 (reduce) negative stereotypes about women. 12.(2025·浙江1月卷)Loan periods are established by the lending library.All 　　　　 (到期的) dates are noted on the label. 13.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting 　　　　(endanger) species across the ridges and valleys. 14.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Its 　　　　(profit)will decline. 15.(2024·全国甲卷)　　　　　　 (那就是……的原因)most pet cats are able to tell 　　　　 (immediate)if their owners were around any other cats,which they don’t usually like. 16.(2024·全国甲卷)The government has struggled to come up with 　　　　 (measure) to address the problem,particularly in the poorer,rural areas east of the Volga River,including arranging doctor’s appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk. 17.(2024·全国甲卷)But cats are special 　　　　 (creature)who possess amazing vocalization skills. 18.(2023·全国乙卷)To make some of my landscape shots,I have traveled up to four hours away 　　　　 (shoot) within a 10-minute time frame. 19.(2023·天津3月卷)Teeth chattering,heart 　　　　 (rate) slowing,fingers and toes going numb (麻木),we stayed there for somewhere between two and five minutes. 20.(2023·天津6月卷)This aspect of storytelling—presenting a different perspective of the world—is important 　　　　　　　　 (当谈到……)connecting with each other.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.aware adj.知道;发觉;有……意识的
①[通知] The activity aims to raise awareness 　　　　 saving food.
②[主旨升华] 这让我意识到,我们小小的善举也能让他们感到温暖,并且对他们产生影响。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 our small act of kindness can also make them feel warm and make a difference to them.
③[心理描写] 意识到所有人盯着我,我是如此紧张以至于浑身冒汗。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I was so nervous that I was sweating all over.
④[倡议书] 我呼吁学校发起更多的环保运动以唤起学生们过低碳生活的意识。
I appeal to the school to launch more environment-friendly campaigns to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
2.average n.平均数;平均水平 adj.平均的;正常的;普通的
①All students have two PE classes a week and run for an average 　　　　 20 minutes every day.
②他的英语成绩一直普普通通,但他艺术课上的创造力远超众人的预期。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,but his creativity in art classes surpassed everyone’s expectations.
③[人物介绍] 我最尊敬的人是我的语文老师,他的教学水平远远高于平均水平。他中等身材,戴着一副眼镜。
The person I respect most is my Chinese teacher 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.He is 　　　　　　　　 and wears a pair of glasses.
④[话题写作] 一般来说,成年人每晚需要7—9小时睡眠以保持最佳健康状态。
　　　　　　　　,adults need 79 hours of sleep per night to maintain optimal health.
3.concern vt.涉及;让……担忧 n.担心;忧虑;关心
①[建议信] I’m writing to express my opinion 　　　　 (concern) Chinese customs,which is useful for you to pay a visit to a Chinese friend.
②　　　　　　　　　　　　(就我而言),this course is taught in Chinese,allowing me to forget my mother tongue and think in Chinese.
③[情感描写] 汤姆的母亲担心他的安全,焦急地在电话旁等待他的来电。
Tom’s mother,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,waited anxiously by the phone for his call.
④[场景描写] 太阳开始落山了,而他的儿子杰克还没有回家,他的担忧加剧了。
　　　　　　　　　　　　 as the sun began to set and his son,Jack,still hadn’t come home.
4.adapt vi.适应 vt.使适应;使适合;改编;改写
①The 　　　　 wildlife is constantly forced 　　　　 in the face of human activities and environmental changes;their survival depends on successful 　　　　,but many species haven’t
　　　　 quickly enough,which makes wildlife protection more crucial than ever.(adapt)
②[情感描写] 这只小狗被带到了一个新家,起初它很害怕。但几天后,它适应了新环境,变得活泼快乐。
The little puppy was brought to a new home and at first,it was very scared.But in a few days,　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and became active and happy.
③[求助信] 我写信请求您就我们的英语短剧给予我们帮助,该短剧改编自我们的课本。
I am writing to ask you to help us with our English short play 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
④[建议信] 如果你觉得难以适应新环境,那就尝试向你的老师们求助。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,try to turn to your teachers.
5.measure n.措施;方法 vt.测量;度量;估量
①[倡议书]We sincerely hope that effective 　　　　 (measure) can be taken to protect endangered species from dying out.
②Chefs measure ingredients 　　　　 weight or volume when following a recipe.
③[倡议书] 我们该采取措施防止空气污染了。
It is high time that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to prevent the air from being polluted.
6.observe vt.观察(到),观测;注视;注意到;遵守(规则、法律等);庆祝
①[2023·浙江1月卷] We then went on a natural walk 　　　　　　　　 (observe) and collect samples of different plants.
②[活动介绍] It is a tradition for Chinese people to 　　　　　　　　　　(庆祝春节).
③[神态描写] 她注意到杰克独自站在角落里,他看上去既迷茫又困惑。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,looking lost and confused.
④[场景描写] 我坐在山顶,注视着太阳缓缓沉入地平线。
I sat atop the mountain,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 below the horizon.
7.remind vt.提醒;使想起
①His teachings remind us 　　　　 the importance of integrity,compassion,and social ability.
② It 　　　　 (remind) me of the carefree days of my childhood,where I could immerse myself in the enchanting world of stories and embark on thrilling adventures alongside beloved characters.
③[投稿征文] Please 　　　　　　　　 ( remind ) that all contributions should be addressed to the website no later than 30 May.
④[情感描写] 我深呼吸了几次,提醒自己将所有疑虑和恐惧抛诸脑后。
I took several deep breaths,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
⑤[主旨升华] 对他来说,它们是希望的提醒,是光明和温暖将很快取代寒冷和黑暗的承诺。
To him,they served as 　　　　　　　　 hope and a promise that light and warmth would soon replace cold and dark.
8.intend vi.& vt.打算;计划;想要
①[2024·浙江1月卷] The last time I used a phone box for its 　　　　 ( intend ) purpose was ...2006.
②The Oral English Club is known for its unusual and colourful activities intended 　　　　 excellent oral English.Next Saturday the club intends its members 　　　　 (deliver) inspiring speeches in the lecture hall.
③[动作描写] 孩子们本打算像往常一样去公园玩,但在路上他们发现了一只迷路的小狗。
The children 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 as usual,but on the way they found a lost puppy.
④[报道] 我们学校组织了一次五千米的越野跑比赛,目的是提高我们的身心素质。
→Our school organised a five-kilometre cross-country running race 　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　 our physical and mental strength.(intention)
→Our school 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 our physical and mental strength by organising a five-kilometre cross-country running race.(intend)
9.exist vi.存在;生存
①No one knows exactly when such a custom came into 　　　　 (exist).
②In primitive societies,some tribes existed 　　　　 hunting and gathering.
③[主旨升华] 在那之后我意识到真正的友谊存在于彼此的相互信任和支持中。
After that,I realised that true friendship 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 of each other.
④[通知] 基于现有的日程安排,会议已推迟到下周。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,the meeting has been postponed to next week.
10.“This is why...”这就是……的原因
[教材原句] This is why we’re here—to observe Tibetan antelopes.
这就是我们来到此地的原因——观察藏羚羊。
①[2024·新课标Ⅱ卷] This is 　　　　 Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now — several decades before these developments are expected to take place.
②尽管有社交媒体,许多青少年仍感到孤独,这就是面对面交流重要的原因。
Many teens feel isolated despite social media.　　　　　　　　 face-to-face communication matters.
③[建议信] 我们应该读名著,这是因为阅读经典作品可以丰富我们的生活。
→Reading classics can enrich our life.　　　　　　　　 we should read classics.
→We should read classics.　　　　　　　　 reading classics can enrich our life.
→The reason 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 reading classics can enrich our life.
11.“only+状语”置于句首引起的部分倒装
[教材原句] Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
只有学会和大自然和谐共处,我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。
①[建议信] 你只有来到中国,才能真正体验其饮食文化。
　　　　　　　　　　　　 truly experience its culinary culture.
②[主旨升华] 直到那时,我才明白,正是宽容和理解让我们的友谊更加坚固。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 it was tolerance and understanding that could strengthen our friendship.
③[语言描写] “只有两个过路人买了我的爆米花,” Bernard伤心地叹了口气。
“　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,” Bernard sighed sadly.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] The Small Friends Pet Shelter was started by a group of high school students and their parents ①when they started to see many pets ②that were left behind after their families moved away.
尝试分析:本句是一个复合句。①是when引导的　　　　从句,②是that引导的　　　　从句,修饰先行词　　　　。
自主翻译:
情境仿写:当我们遇到难以克服的困难时,我们应该多思考,积极解决。
We should think more and solve them actively 　 .
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.remove
A.vt.移开;使离开　　B.vt.脱去;摘下 C.vt.免除,解除
①It was not until he removed his sunglasses that I recognised him.　　　
②The company has removed the manager from his post due to his poor performance.　　　
③(2021·全国乙卷)If you’re the host,you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation.　　　
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
A mass① of green vegetation revives in the restored nature reserve,providing mass② shelters for endangered species.In the forest,a mass③ of deer graze peacefully near newly built waterholes, while mass④ volunteers work daily to monitor their growth.Such efforts have turned the reserve into a thriving haven for wildlife.
在恢复的自然保护区里,①　　　　绿色植被焕发生机,为濒危物种提供了②　　　　庇护所。森林中,③　　　　鹿在新建的饮水池旁安然觅食,④　　　　志愿者每天监测它们的生长。这些努力已让保护区成为野生动物繁荣的地方。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are — but what they do know has raised 　　　　 (concern).
2.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Helping the community lowers 　　　　 (rate) of depression.
3.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Each dish was tailor-made to raise 　　 　 (aware) regarding food waste.
4.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting 　　　　 (endanger) species across the ridges and valleys.
5.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize 　　　　 (press) on the places we visit and improve our experience.
6.(2024·浙江1月卷)Due 　　　　 the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts,no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies.
7.(2024·北京卷)Each pair of students meets three times throughout the term with a teacher who decides if the exchange is 　　　　 (effect).
8.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)“With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make 　　　　 (observation) of different species with the aid of a mobile application,”said...
9.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The task John set for himself was 　　　　　　　　 (remove) harmful substances from some sludge (污泥).
10.(2023·全国甲卷)Their 　　　　 (recover) has been so successful that the US Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies,which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 投稿—动植物保护—维持生物多样性
你校将以三月三日“世界野生动植物日”为主题,举办英语征文比赛,请你根据以下内容写一篇短文投稿。
[场景演练]
1.出于各种原因,越来越多的野生动植物濒临灭绝。(wildlife,extinction)
2.毫无疑问,我们已经采取了许多措施来维持地球上的生物多样性,但仍有更多的工作要做。(measure)
3.事实上,每种生物在自然界的平衡中都有自己的位置。(creature,balance)
4.摧毁一个物种可能会破坏脆弱的生态系统,影响人类的生存,因此,现在是我们齐心协力保护它们的栖息地和建立更多自然保护区的时候了。(species,habitat,reserve)
5.此外,应制定相应的法律,以提高公众保护野生动植物的意识。(awareness)
6.因此,只有我们每个人都尽自己的一份力,我们才能做出积极的改变。(“only+状语”置于句首引起的部分倒装)
[句式升级]
将第4句用非谓语进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
giggle 咯咯地笑;傻笑 chuckle 轻声地笑 roar 放声大笑 beam 眉开眼笑;笑容满面 grin 露齿而笑;咧着嘴笑 ridicule 嘲笑;讥笑 mock 嘲笑 break into a grin 咧开嘴笑起来 one’s face brightens/lights up 喜形于色 smile sweetly/shyly 嫣然一笑/羞答答地笑 smile faintly/broadly 微微一笑/开怀大笑 笑 smile through tears/with relief 含泪微笑/宽慰地笑 grin from ear to ear 笑得合不拢嘴 crack a smile 绽放笑容 force/squeeze out a smile 强颜欢笑 a big/broad/wide/bright smile 一个灿烂的微笑 laugh a hearty laugh 开怀大笑 burst into laughter (=burst out laughing) 突然大笑起来 explode with laughter 哄堂大笑 scream with laughter 笑得前仰后合 break into a broad smile 绽开灿烂的笑容
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.chat 　　　vi.聊天;闲聊 2.stream vt.流播(不用下载直接在互联网上播放音视频);流出 vi.流动 n.小河;溪流 3.cash n.现金;金钱 4.update vt.更新;向……提供最新信息 n.更新;最新消息 5.stuck adj.卡住;陷(入);困(于) 6.surf vt.& vi.浏览;冲浪 7.discount　　　 n.折扣 vt.打折 8.account n.账户;描述 9.click vt.& vi.点击 10.target n.目标;对象;靶子 vt.把……作为攻击目标 11.false adj.假的;错误的 12.particular adj.特定的;特别的;讲究的 13.upset adj.心烦的;苦恼的;沮丧的 vt.(upset,upset)使烦恼;使生气;搅乱
阅 读 词 汇 1.engine　　 　n.引擎;发动机;火车头 2.database n.数据库;资料库 3.software n.软件 4.network n.(互联)网络;网状系统;人际网 vt.将……连接成网络;联播 vi.建立工作关系 5.charity n.慈善;慈善机构(或组织) 6.province n.省 7.conference n.会议;研讨会;正式会谈 8.resident n.居民;(美国的)住院医生 adj.(在某地)居住的 9.plus conj.而且;此外 n.加号;优势 prep.加;另加 10.battery　 　n.电池 11.Wi-Fi n.无线保真(用无线电波而非网线在计算机网络传输数据的系统) 12.button n.按钮;纽扣 13.file n.文件;文件夹;档案 14.theft n.偷(窃);盗窃罪 15.troll n.发挑衅帖子的人;恶意挑衅的帖子 16.cyberbully n.网霸 vt.& vi.网络欺凌 17.guideline n.准则;指导原则 18.author n.作者;作家 19.tip n.忠告;诀窍;实用的提示 20.case n.盒;箱;情况;案件;论据,理由
拓 展 词 汇 1.blog n.博客 vi.写博客→blogger n.博客作者;博主 2.identity n.身份;个性→identify v.认出;鉴定 3.convenient adj.方便的;近便的→convenience n.方便;便利→(反义词)inconvenience n.不便;麻烦→inconvenient adj.不方便的;引起麻烦的 4.benefit n.益处 vt.使受益 vi.得益于→beneficial adj.有益的;有利的 5.distance n.距离→distant adj.遥远的;远处的;疏远的→distantly adv.遥远地;疏远地 6.inspire vt.鼓舞;激励;启发思考→inspiration n.灵感;鼓舞人心的人或事物→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的→inspired adj.备受鼓舞的;受启发的 7.access n.通道;(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会 vt.进入;使用;访问;获取→accessible adj.可接近的;可进入的;可使用的 8.tough adj.艰难的;严厉的→toughly adv.粗暴地;猛烈地→toughness n.韧度;韧性 9.confirm vt.确认;使确信→confirmation n.确认;证实 10.press vt.按,压;敦促→pressure n.压力;挤压;大气压→pressing adj.紧急的;急迫的 11.privacy n.隐私;私密→private adj.私人的;秘密的→privately adv.私下地 12.rude adj.粗鲁的;无礼的→rudely adv.粗鲁地;无礼地→rudeness n.粗鲁;无礼 13.embarrassing adj.让人难堪(尴尬;害羞)的→embarrassed adj.尴尬的;窘迫的→embarrass vt.使尴尬→embarrassment n.尴尬;窘迫 14.familiar adj.熟悉;熟知→familiarity n.熟悉→(反义词)unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的 15.define vt.给……下定义;界定;解释→definition n.定义→undefined adj.未阐明的;未限定的 16.function n.功能;作用;机能 vi.起作用;正常工作;运转→functional adj.实用的;功能性的;运转正常的
重 点 词 块 1.catch the attention of the readers 吸引读者的注意 2.wait in line 排队等候 3.keep sb company 陪伴某人 4.apply for 申请 5.now that 既然;由于 6.have access to the Internet 有机会上网 7.raise money for 为……募捐 8.go through 经历;度过;通读 9.in shape 状况良好 10.keep track of 　　　掌握……的最新消 息;了解……的动态 11.make fun of 取笑;戏弄 12.keep (...) in mind 牢记 13.make a positive comment on 对……作出积极的评论 14.take over 接管;取代 15.blog post 博文;博客帖子 16.search engine (互联网上的)搜索引擎 17.identity card 身份证
重 点 句 型 1.讲述互联网如何使我们的生活变得更加方便的文章数不胜数。(how引导宾语从句) There are countless articles telling us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient. 2.50岁时,她发觉自己失业了,困在家里,只有电脑相伴。(with复合结构) At age 50,she found herself out of work and stuck at home with only her computer to keep her company. 3.她受到网友的启发,决定成立一个IT俱乐部来教年长一些的人们学习使用电脑和互联网。(so...that...引导结果状语从句) She was so inspired by the people she met online that she decided to start an IT club to teach older people how to use computers and the Internet. 4.由于他有事情可做,并能够照顾好自己,他的女儿就有时间上大学了。(now that引导原因状语从句) Now that he works and can take care of himself,his daughter has time to study at university. 5.然而,你越有礼貌,你被攻击的可能性就越小。(the+比较级...,the+比较级...) However,the more polite you are,the less likely it is you will be attacked.
动词变名词的后缀“-ence” 集锦:
①exist→existence 存在　　　 ②depend→dependence依赖　　　
③refer→reference 参考 ④occur→occurrence发生
⑤prefer→preference偏好 ⑥differ→difference差别
⑦infer→inference推论 ⑧persist→persistence坚持
⑨insist→insistence坚持 ⑩emerge→emergence 出现
obey→obedience 服从 diverge→divergence分歧　
1.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷)Liquid ammonia is easy to keep and transport, but it is hard to ignite (点燃) and requires an engine (发动机) redesign. 2.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷)Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks (网络系统) and kids had to play elsewhere. 3.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷)As the world races to decarbonise everything, it faces particular (特定的;特别的) problems with transportation— which accounts (account) for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. 4.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷)Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth — they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, stuck (stick) inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow. 5.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷)I had been so focused on keeping the party under control that I failed to consider how important Toby was to my brother during this difficult time. 6.(2025· 新课标Ⅱ卷)They surrounded me, their questions pouring out like a stream (小河;溪流). 7.(2025· 新课标Ⅱ卷)If you’re among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits (benefit) of surrounding yourself with plants, don’t beat yourself up if one (or a few!) doesn’t make it. 8.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires (inspire) you to make the most of each day. 9.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective functional (function) structure that is also beautiful. 10.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Also, there is a convenient (convenience) app that provides growing data in real time. 11.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Here are some tips (忠告;诀窍) on making wise decisions to minimize pressure (press) on the places we visit and improve our experience. 12.(2023· 新课标Ⅰ卷)The goal of this book is to make the case (论据,理由) for digital minimalism,including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works,and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you. 13.(2023·北京卷)One of them is about how the most accessible (access) information in the present affects decisions about the future. 14.(2023·北京卷)The 4-Week Learning Sprint is open to anyone, with the target (目标) audience aged between 20 and 28. 15.(2023· 北京卷)Please decide which part is false (错误的) in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. 16.(2023· 北京卷)Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, where thousands were attending a water conference(会议). 17.(2023·北京卷)Undefined (define) and uncontrolled, ALife drives its followers to repurpose old ideas and generate novelty.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.convenient adj.方便的;近便的;便利的
①[邀请信]We hope the meeting time is convenient for you, as the conference room is located near the subway station for easy access.
②With this application,it’s convenient for travellers to book (book) tickets instantly.
③如果您能尽早给我回信,我将不胜感激。
I would be extremely grateful if you could reply to my letter at your earliest convenience.
①convenient作表语时,不用表示人的名词或代词作主语。
②convenience 意为“方便;便利”时,为不可数名词;意为“便利的事物或设施”时,为可数名词。
2.benefit n.益处 vt.使受益 vi.得益于
①Students who actively participate in group discussions benefit from/by diverse perspectives, enhancing their critical thinking skills.
②[建议信]Regular meditation is highly beneficial (benefit) to reducing anxiety, as it helps calm the mind and regulate breathing.
③China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals for the benefit of all its citizens.
④[倡议信]经常锻炼会帮助孩子们建立对生活的积极态度,这将使他们受益良多。
Working out regularly can help children build a positive attitude towards life,which will benefit them a lot/will be of great benefit to them/will be very beneficial to them.
3.distance n.距离
①[场景描写]At/From a distance,the herd of sheep looks like a white blanket on the green field.
②I love living downtown—cafés, bookstores, and the subway station are all within walking distance.
③[环境描写]在远处看,这座山比以前更绿了。
The mountain in the distance appears greener than it was before.
④[心理描写]争吵过后,汤姆和杰瑞决定暂时相互保持距离,冷静下来好好想想。
After the argument,Tom and Jerry decided to keep their distance from each other/keep each other at a distance for a while to cool off and think things over.
4.inspire vt.鼓舞;激励;启发思考;使产生(感觉或情感)
①[主旨升华]The inspiring words of the elderly painter—“Art is not about perfection, but courage”—inspired the young student to abandon her fear and pick up the brush again.(inspire)
②[主旨升华]他充满智慧和鼓励的话语激励着我坚定不移地去追求自己的梦想。
His words of wisdom and encouragement inspired me to pursue my dreams with unwavering determination.
③[感谢信] 在这个困难时期,您的勇气对我们所有人来说是一种激励。
Your courage in this difficult time is an inspiration to us all.
④许多艺术家从自然中汲取灵感,比如山和海洋。
Many artists draw inspiration from nature,such as mountains and oceans.
5.access n.通道;(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会 vt.进入;使用;访问;获取
①To sum up,easy access to information and wide use make students use computers a lot. n.(使用、查阅的)机会
②The access to the museum is via the south gate.n.通道
③Students can access course materials through the school’s online learning platform.vt.访问;获取
④[建议信]鉴于你对中国文化很感兴趣,我建议你申请这所大学,在这里你可以接触到最好的中国文化。
→Considering your keen interest in Chinese culture,I suggest that you apply to this university,where you can have/get/gain/obtain access to the best Chinese culture.(access n.)
→Given your keen interest in Chinese culture,I suggest that you apply to this university,where you can access the best Chinese culture.(access vt.)
→In view of your keen interest in Chinese culture,I recommend that you apply to this university,where the best Chinese culture is accessible to you.(accessible adj.)
6.embarrassing adj.让人难堪(尴尬;害羞)的
①[心理描写] The embarrassing moment when I tripped on stage during the speech left me so embarrassed that my face turned red immediately. (embarrass)
②The little boy was embarrassed to admit (admit) that he had broken the vase.
③[动作描写]令他尴尬的是,当老师叫他回答问题时,他感到耳朵泛红、双手发抖。
To his embarrassment, he felt his ears redden and his hands tremble as the teacher called him to answer the question.
④[情感描写]坐在角落里,既尴尬又羞愧,她忍不住流下了眼泪。
Sitting in the corner,embarrassed and ashamed, she couldn’t hold back her tears.
7.upset adj.心烦的;苦恼的;沮丧的;难过的 vt.(upset,upset)使烦恼;使生气;搅乱;打翻
①既沮丧又无助,我静静地站着,泪水顺着脸颊流下来。
Upset and helpless,I stood silently,tears streaming down my cheeks.
②[心理描写]发现自己最爱的书被损坏了,她感到很沮丧。
She was upset to find her favourite book had been damaged.
③[求助信]I was upset that I didn’t know how to get along with my roommates.
→What upset me was that I didn’t know how to get along with my roommates.(what引导主语从句)
→I didn’t know how to get along with my roommates,which upset me.(which引导非限制性定语从句)
→It upset me that I didn’t know how to get along with my roommates.(it作形式主语)
8.case n.盒;箱;情况,情形;案件;论据,理由;事例;病例
①The teacher used a real-life case to illustrate the complex concept in class. n.事例
②The hospital is treating a rare case of infectious disease. n.病例
③As is often the case, the simplest solution turns out to be the most effective.n.情况
④ [主旨升华]你的经历证明了,在任何情况下我们都不应该放弃实现梦想的决心。
Your experience showed that in no case should we give up the determination to achieve our dreams.
⑤这一次他们选择待在一起,以防其他不寻常的事情发生。
This time,they chose to stay together,in case anything else unusual happened.
9.with 复合结构
[教材原句]At age 50,she found herself out of work and stuck at home with only her computer to keep her company.
50岁时,她发觉自己失业了,困在家里,只有电脑相伴。
①[场景描写]伴随着太阳升起,群山染上了金色。
With the sun rising, the mountains turned golden.
②[动作描写] 没有什么话可说,他转身离开,肩膀因挫败而耷拉下来。
With nothing left to say,he turned away,his shoulders slumped in defeat.
③[动作描写]完成了所有的筹备工作,他高兴地跳了起来,眼中闪烁着兴奋的光芒。
With all the preparatory work completed, he jumped with joy,his eyes glittering with excitement.
④[心理描写]Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms and tears of shame and embarrassment welled up in his eyes.
→Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms,with tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes.(with复合结构)
→Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms,tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes.(独立主格结构)
10.now that 引导原因状语从句
[教材原句]Now that he works and can take care of himself, his daughter has time to study at university.
由于他有事情可做,并能够照顾好自己,他的女儿就有时间上大学了。
①由于学校已经推出了在线学习平台,学生们可以随时访问课程资料。
Now that the school has launched the online learning platform, students can access course materials anytime.
②既然人工智能已经进入我们的日常生活,我们就需要学习如何正确使用它。
Now that artificial intelligence has entered our daily lives, we need to learn how to use it properly.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] She was ①so inspired by the people ②she met online that she decided to start an IT club
③to teach older people how to use computers and the Internet.
尝试分析:这是一个主从复合句。句子主干是“主系表”结构。①是so...that...引导的结果状语从句,其中②是一个省略了关系词的定语从句,先行词是the people;③是动词不定式作目的
状语。
自主翻译:她受到网友的启发,决定成立一个IT俱乐部来教年长一些的人们学习使用电脑和互联网。
情境仿写:蒂姆被老师在课堂上播放的科学纪录片深深触动,以至于他决定从事环境研究工作。
Tim was so deeply moved by the science documentary his teacher played in class that he decided to pursue a career in environmental research.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.go through
A.v.完成　　　　　B.v.通过
C.v.仔细检查 D.v.经历
①Their father told their mother about what trouble the twins had gone through when making the porridge. 　D　
②I had just gone through one third of my homework. 　A　
③I would be very grateful if you could take some time to go through my composition and make necessary changes. 　C　
④The proposal might have gone through if all the members had been present. 　B　
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
Though the hiker wore boots made of tough① leather to withstand the rough terrain, she still faced tough ②challenges when navigating the stormy mountain trail, where the tough③ weather tested her endurance, and she had to stay tough④—both physically strong and mentally resilient—to make the tough⑤ decisions about which path to take, all while remembering her tough⑥ coach’s advice to never quit in the face of adversity.
尽管这位徒步旅行者穿着由①坚硬的皮革制成的靴子以抵御崎岖的地形,但在穿越狂风暴雨的山间小径时,她仍面临着②艰巨的挑战。在那里,③恶劣的天气考验着她的耐力,而她必须保持④坚强 —— 既要身体强健,又要心理坚韧 —— 才能做出关于选择哪条路的⑤艰难的决定,同时她还要始终牢记她那位⑥严厉的教练的建议:面对逆境永不言弃。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷)That left a house still stuffed with things that, while not particularly (particular) valuable, didn’t belong in a landfill (垃圾填埋场).
2.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷)Dutch authors(author)Thalia Verkade and Marco te Br mmelstroet are bothered by facts like these.
3.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits(benefit).
4.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Groups of 5 or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed (confirm) in advance.
5.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Two years later,a six-metre-tall pavilion, inspired (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden,just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
6.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)We all know fresh is best when it comes to food.However,most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table.
7.(2024·全国甲卷)Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level,the national parks,in particular,tend to catch our attention because of their large size and variety.
8.(2023· 新课标Ⅰ卷)Then he went around to local ponds and streams (stream)and brought back some plants and animals.
9.(2023· 新课标Ⅰ卷)There,you’ll find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup—and the wrappers are pressed (press) by hand rather than rolled.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 博客文章—信息安全—网络安全
　　网络带给我们很多便利,但是它也有弊端,其中一点就是安全问题。请你用英语写一篇博客文章,谈谈如何保证网络安全。
[场景演练]
1.尽管网络带给我们很多便利和好处,我们还是要面对网络安全的问题。(convenience,benefit,be faced with)
Although the Internet brings a lot of convenience and benefits to us, we are still faced with the problem of online safety.
2.今天,我想写篇博客文章谈一谈网络安全问题。(blog)
Today,I want to blog about online safety.
3.首先,我们最好访问熟悉的网站,而且,我们要用强密码。(be familiar with)
In the first place, we had better visit the websites that we are familiar with.In addition,we should use strong passwords.
4.更重要的是,要记住不要用公共电脑,因为它更有可能泄露我们的个人信息。(keep...in mind)
More importantly,keep it in mind that don’t use the public computers,for they are more likely to let out our personal information.
[句式升级]
用强调句型升级第4句。
More importantly, keep it in mind that don’t use the public computers,for it is the public computers that are more likely to let out our personal information.
[连句成篇]
　　Although the Internet brings a lot of convenience and benefits to us,we are still faced with the problem of online safety.Today,I want to blog about online safety.In the first place,we had better visit the websites that we are familiar with.In addition,we should use strong passwords. More importantly,keep it in mind that don’t use the public computers,for it is the public computers that are more likely to let out our personal information.
灯光渐暗,一位喜剧演员登上了舞台,观众们的脸上立刻绽开了灿烂的笑容。他的开场笑话精妙绝伦,逗得观众开始轻声地笑。不到几分钟,整个演出厅爆发出哄堂大笑,欢快的笑声在大厅里回响。表演达到高潮时,观众们都笑得合不拢嘴。当喜剧演员表演了一段惟妙惟肖的名人模仿秀后,所有人都笑得前仰后合,眼泪直流。谢幕时,喜剧演员笑容满面地面对观众,沐浴在观众的欢呼声和掌声中,他的喜悦如同舞台灯光般灿烂夺目。
As the lights dimmed, a comedian took the stage, and the audience immediately①broke into broad smiles.
His opening joke was brilliant, making the audience ②start to chuckle.
Within minutes, the entire auditorium ③exploded with laughter, and the cheerful sound echoed through the hall.
At the performance’s climax, the audience ④was grinning from ear to ear.
When the comedian delivered his vivid celebrity impersonation, everyone ⑤screamed with laughter, and their tears streamed down their faces.
The comedian took his final bow and ⑥beamed at the audience, basking in the audience’s cheers and applause, and his delight was as radiant as the stage lights.
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.individual 　　adj.单独的;个别的 n.个人 2.chief adj.最重要的;最高级别的 n. (公司或机构的)首领;酋长 3.nearby adj.附近的;邻近的 adv.在附近 4.battle n.战役;搏斗 vi.& vt.搏斗;奋斗 5.port n.港口(城市) 6.charge n.收费;指控;主管 vt.收费;控告;充电 7.amount n.金额;数量 8.gallery　　　n.(艺术作品的)展览馆;画廊 9.approach n.方法;途径;接近 vt.接近;接洽;着手处理 vi.靠近 10.position n.位置;姿态;职位 vt.安装;安置 11.snack n.点心;小吃 12.poet n.诗人 13.ocean n.大海;海洋 14.pub n.酒吧;酒馆 15.custom n.风俗;习俗;习惯
阅 读 词 汇 1.Confucius　　孔子 2.mansion n.公馆;宅第 3.cemetery n.墓地;公墓 4.philosophy n.哲学 5.descendant n.后裔;后代;子孙 6.heel n.足跟;(脚、袜子、鞋等的)后跟 7.kingdom n.王国;领域 8.currency n.通货;货币 9.military adj.军事的;军用的 10.conquer vt.占领;征服;控制 11.landscape n.(陆上,尤指乡村的)风景 12.butter n.黄油;奶油 vt.涂黄油于 13.honey n.蜂蜜 14.ancestor n.祖宗;祖先 15.courtyard n.庭院;院子 16.county　　n.(英国、爱尔兰的)郡;(美国的)县 17.feast n.盛宴;宴会;节日 18.roll vi.& vt.(使)翻滚;(使)滚动 n.卷(轴);翻滚 19.dot n.点;小(圆)点 vt.加点;遍布 20.cattle n.牛 21.roar vi.& n.吼叫;咆哮 22.scent n.气味;气息 23.wine n.葡萄酒;果酒 24.beer n.(一杯)啤酒 25.stew n.炖菜(有肉和蔬菜) vt.& vi.炖;煨 26.sensory adj.感觉的;感官的 27.transition n.过渡;转变;变迁;变革
拓 展 词 汇 1.puzzle n.谜;智力游戏;疑问 vt.迷惑;使困惑→puzzled adj.困惑的;迷惑不解的→puzzling adj.令人迷惑的 2.belong vi.应在(某处);适应→belonging n.归属感→belongings n.所有物 3.defence n.防御;保卫;保护;辩护→ defend vt.防御;保卫;保护;(为……)辩护→defensive adj.防御的;保护的;保卫的 4.legal adj.法律的;合法的→illegal adj.不合法的→illegally adv.不合法地;非法地
拓 展 词 汇 5.surround vt.围绕;包围→surrounding adj.周围的;附近的→surroundings n.环境 6.evidence n.证据;证明→evident adj.清楚的;明白的;显而易见的;显然的 7.location n.地方;地点;位置→locate vt.位于;坐落于 8.fascinating adj.极有吸引力的;迷人的 →fascinate vt.使着迷;使神魂颠倒→fascinated adj.入迷的;极感兴趣的→fascination n.魅力;极大的吸引力;入迷;着迷 9.announce vt.宣布;通知;声称→announcement n.公告;通告;发表→announcer n.广播员 10.ensure vt.保证;确保;担保→ sure adj.确信的;可靠的 11.generous adj.慷慨的;大方的;丰富的→generosity n.慷慨;大方;宽宏大量 12.eager adj.热切的;渴望的→eagerness n.渴望;热心 13.greet vt.问候;迎接→greeting n.问候;招呼 14.striking adj.引人注目的;显著的→strikingly adv.引人注目地;显著地→strike v.撞;碰;打;击;侵袭;突击;罢工;突然想到;让(某人)觉得 n.罢工;袭击;击;打 15.achievement n.成就;成绩;达到 →achieve vt.完成;达到 16.crowd n.人群;一群人;民众 vt.挤满;使……拥挤→crowded adj.人(太)多的;拥挤的;充满的;挤满的
重 点 词 块 1.join...to... 　　　　　　把……和……连接或联结起来 2.break away (from sb/sth) 脱离;背叛;逃脱 3.result in 导致 4.belong to 属于 5.as well as 同(一样也);和;还 6.leave behind　　　　　　　留下 7.date back to 追溯至 8.keep your eyes open (for) 留心;留意 9.have a great influence on 对……有很大的影响 10.be dotted with 点缀 11.make up 编造;化妆;组成
重 点 句 型 1.那么,如果这些名称有区别的话,区别何在 (if条件句的省略) So what is the difference between them,if any 2.他们在英格兰四处修建城堡,并改革了法律制度。(have+sth+done) They had castles built all around England,and made changes to the legal system. 3.像拥有同样的货币和国防一样,他们也使用同一面国旗。 (as well as) They use the same flag,known as the Union Jack,as well as share the same currency and military defence. 4.“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美,郡县草木葱茏,青山连绵起伏,牛羊点缀其中,堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。(with复合结构) 　The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes,with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. 5.他们引进了最初的英语,并且改变了人们建造房屋的方式。(way 作先行词的定语从句) They introduced the beginnings of the English language,and changed the way people built houses. 6.乡村景色如此优美,在爱尔兰形成这些浓郁的包括音乐、舞蹈以及餐饮方面的传统就一点也不让人觉得奇怪了。 (It’s not surprising that ...) With all this beauty,it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music,dancing,and dining.
动词变名词的后缀“-ion” 集锦:
①locate→location地方;地点;位置　　　 ②fascinate→fascination魅力　
③intend→intention意图 ④introduce→introduction介绍
⑤connect→connection联系 ⑥discuss→discussion讨论
⑦protect→protection保护 ⑧suggest→suggestion建议
⑨act→action 行动 ⑩communicate→communication 交流
interact→interaction互动 direct→direction方向
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)That left a house still stuffed with things that,while not particularly valuable,didn’t belong(应在某处) in a landfill (垃圾填埋场). 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)She had prepared lots of snacks (snack),while my job was to have the backyard in order. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)New solid-state batteries will take a car farther on a single charge (充电). 4.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Such an inviting column,adopting a “description and guess” approach (方法),must expose everyone to others’ characteristics,thus strengthening mutual understanding. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)This energy transition (变革) is global,and the amount (数量)of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. 6.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy(哲学),according to Tu Ningning,who is in charge (主管) of the exhibition. 7.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)“The way they demonstrated(他们演示的方式) how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice,” Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay,an environmental engineer at the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research,tells New Scientist. 8.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)They could have written pages on the necessity of computers,but writing,in and of itself,simply didn’t strike (让某人觉得) them as important. 9.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes is one of them. 10.(2025·浙江1月卷)Interlibrary Loan (ILL) provides teachers,students and staff with access to books that are checked out or not owned by our own libraries,as well as (还) digitized copies of articles and book chapters from our collection. 11.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)“You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute,a three-minute,or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost,the chief (最高级别的) communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit — known as BART. 12.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)The innovative design requires little effort to achieve (完成;达到)a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens. 13.(2024·浙江1月卷)Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts,no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies.Hence,private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal (法律的) safety. 14.(2024· 北京卷)I shaped individual (单独的;个别的) letters into repeating lines,which were abstract forms,delightful but meaningless patterns. 15.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)In more technical terms,the wisdom of crowds (crowd)requires that people’s estimates be independent. 16.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations(location),we make sure there is always a bike available for you. 17.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt,most are eager to try (try) something new. 18.(2023·上海卷)The king listened to both sides of the story.He then asked,“Who among you can tell me how many seeds are in the fruit of the baobab tree ” The farmers looked at each other,puzzled (puzzle).
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.puzzle n.谜;智力游戏;疑问 vt.迷惑;使困惑
①[神态描写] When the little girl was asked such a puzzling question,she stood there with a puzzled look on her face.(puzzle)
②These scientists have been puzzling about/over how to solve the environmental problem.
③令莉莉的朋友困惑的是,为什么她总是有如此多疯狂的想法。
What puzzles Lily’s friends is why she always has so many crazy ideas.
2.defence(=defense) n.防御;保卫;保护;辩护
①The core of defence is to take some defensive measures to defend ourselves from attacks.(defence)
②[动作描写] He stepped back appearing surprised and covered his head with his hands as if in defence (似乎是为了防卫).
③我必须为她辩护,因为她工作非常努力。
I must stand up in her defence,for she works so hard.
④More and more people today have learnt to arise in defence of (为了保卫) their legal rights.
3.surround vt.围绕;包围
①[建议信] Surrounding yourself with people who’ll provide you with support can be very beneficial.
②[动作描写] 她坐在长椅上,听着周围的鸟儿唱歌。
She sat on the bench,listening to the surrounding (surround) birds sing.
③[场景描写] 这座农场绿树环绕,坐落于我们学校附近的山脚下,一条小溪蜿蜒流过此处。
Surrounded by green trees,the farm is located at the foot of the hill near our school.There is a small stream winding through the farm.
4.charge n.收费;指控;主管;责任 vt.收费;控告;充电
①I wonder how much the staff will charge us for the six-week course.
②The man was charged with causing a traffic accident.
③老板不在时,公司由汤姆负责。
→The company is in the charge of Tom when the boss is away.(in the charge of)
→Tom is in charge of the company when the boss is away.(in charge of)
④[报道]上周我们就市民们能否免费进入科技馆进行了激烈的辩论。
Last week we had a heated debate about whether citizens can access the Science Museum free of charge/for free.
①charge和accuse都有“指控;控告”之意,但是charge和with搭配,而accuse和of搭配。
②in charge of 多以人作主语,指“某人负责/主管某事”;in the charge of多以物作主语,指“某物由某人负责/掌管”。类似的还有in possession of,in the possession of;in control of,in the control of。
5.amount n.金额;数量 vi.总计;合计
①[日记] Large amounts of honey and butter were (be) used to make this kind of snack.
②A large amount of money was(be) spent on the construction of the school last year.
③It was tiring work,but I looked forward to the pay,even though I wasn’t sure how much it would amount to.
④[倡议信] 地球上淡水的数量是有限的,因此我们在日常生活中需要节约用水。
The amount of fresh water on Earth is limited,so we need to save it in our daily lives.
常见的表示“许多,大量”的词/词块有:
①只修饰不可数名词:a great deal of,much,a large sum of,a large amount of/large amounts of等。
②只修饰可数名词复数:many,quite a few,a good/great many,a (great/large) number of,scores of,dozens of等。
③既可以修饰可数名词复数也可以修饰不可数名词:a mass of/masses of,a large quantity of/large quantities of,a lot of/lots of,plenty of等。
6.approach n.方法;途径;接近vt.接近;接洽;着手处理vi.靠近;临近
①As our team approached the problem,we realised that Tim’s approach might be the most effective.(approach)
②China’s approach for protecting (protect) its environment while feeding its citizens offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide.
③随着高考的临近,我们都在忙着为高考做充分的准备。
→With the College Entrance Examination approaching,we are busy making full preparations for it.(with复合结构)
→As the College Entrance Examination approaches,we are busy making full preparations for it.(as引导时间状语从句)
注意“(做)某事的方法”的正确搭配:
①an approach for (doing) sth　　　　　②the way to do/of (doing) sth
③the means of (doing) sth ④the method of (doing) sth
7.eager adj.热切的;渴望的
①[心理描写] 当被问到他是否想要一份生日礼物的时候,这个男孩无法掩饰他的渴望。
When asked whether he wanted a gift for his birthday,the boy couldn’t hide his eagerness.
②[神态描写] 她急切地打开礼盒,眼中闪烁着期待的光芒。
She opened the gift box with eagerness,her eyes shining with anticipation.
③[申请信] 我渴望参加您在邮件中提到的志愿者活动。
I am eager to participate in the volunteer activity you mentioned in the email.
8.belong to属于;是……的成员;是……的组成部分
①[推荐信] Mount Huangshan belongs to World Cultural and Natural Heritage,making it one of China’s most treasured destinations that I highly recommend you to visit.
②Having sold most of his belongings(belong),he almost had nothing left in his house.
9.as well as同(一样也);和;还
①The equipment,as well as those books,has been donated (donate) to the local school so far.
②[求助信] As well as having (have) difficulty adapting myself to the new school life,I found the cultural difference was another challenge for me.
③学习英语需要耐心以及练习。
Learning English requires patience as well as practice.
④[建议信] In my view,it is a good idea to bring a bunch of flowers and a box of chocolate.
→In my view,it is a good idea to bring a bunch of flowers as well as a box of chocolate.
as well as遵循“就远原则”。与之用法类似的还有such as;like;rather than;with;along with;together with;but;except;besides;in addition to;apart/aside from等。
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] Almost ①everywhere you go in the UK,you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people ②who took over at different times throughout history.
尝试分析:本句为主从复合句。主句为you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people,其中you为主语,谓语为will be surrounded,使用了一般将来时的被动语态。①是由everywhere引导的让步状语从句,②是由who 引导的定语从句,修饰先行词people。
自主翻译:无论你身处英国何方,你将会被四个不同民族在不同历史时期执掌这个国家的证据所包围。
情境仿写:无论你身处中国何处,你将会被当地勤劳且友好的人们制作的美食所吸引。
Almost everywhere you go in China,you will be attracted by the delicious food made by local people who are hard-working and friendly.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.crowd(ed)
A.n.人群　　　　 B.n.群众;民众;老百姓
C.adj.拥挤的 D.v.聚集;涌向
E.vt.& vi.(想法或观点)涌入(脑海)
①In France,quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率).You can tell this by café life.French cafés are always crowded.　C　
②As soon as I saw crowds of people down there,my heart beat so fast that I was unable to say a single word.　A　
③The government’s new policy aims to benefit the common crowd.　B　
④On hearing what he said,a lot of confused thoughts crowded my brain.　E　
⑤During rush hour,passengers crowd into the subway trains.　D　
2.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·北京卷)In the ninth grade,I went in for my first group interview for a leadership position as a shy girl.n.职位
②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)According to this theory,people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media,which are often not so serious,and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print.vt.着手处理
③(2023·浙江1月卷)Read a book,knit,do a crossword puzzle,or simply watch the world unfold outside the window. n.智力游戏
④(2023·天津3月卷)After some wild warm up,I charged into the lake along with others.vi.向……冲去
⑤(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)For instance,the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.n. 个人
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·浙江1月卷)When women are put into positions (position)of leadership like running companies,it reduces negative stereotypes about women.
2.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)In addition,there’s no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding (surround) environment.
3.(2024· 北京卷)Conflict was often resolved in musical battles (battle).
4.(2024·北京卷) I was reading a book in the classroom when there was an announcement(announce).
5.(2024·北京卷)In humans,a greatly enlarged brain boosts self-control,just as it boosts problem-solving skills in the social as well as the physical world.
6.(2024·北京卷)Once a pair has been determined to be suitable,the students will be contacted individually (individual) with a special permission number to register for the programme.
7.(2023·天津6月卷)However,new studies have shown that dogs can read human behaviour and have a preference to people who are more friendly or generous (generosity) with food.
8.The location (locate) of this ancient castle on the hilltop provides a breathtaking view of the surrounding landscape.
9.This old watch belonging (belong) to my family has been passed down through generations.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 演讲稿—地理概况—介绍家乡
　　假设你是李华,你即将参加一个中学生演讲比赛,演讲主题为“My Hometown”,请根据以下内容写一篇英文演讲稿。
[场景演练]
1.我叫李华。我很荣幸站在这里介绍我的家乡——重庆。(honour)
I’m Li Hua.It’s my great honour to stand here to introduce my hometown,Chongqing.
2.重庆,因其多山而被称为“山城”,又因其多雾而被称为“雾都”,是一个三面环山的美丽城市。(surround)
Chongqing,known as “Mountain City” for its mountains and “Foggy City” for its fog,is a beautiful city surrounded by mountains on three sides.
3.这里引人注目的风景吸引了来自全世界的游客。(striking,attract)
The striking scenery here attracts tourists from all over the world.
4.而且这座城市迷人的夜景,包括数百万盏灯以及它们在河上的倒影,将给游客留下深刻的印象。(fascinating,as well as)
In addition,the fascinating night view of the city,including millions of lights as well as their reflections on the river,will leave a deep impression on tourists.
5.由于气候炎热潮湿,人们对麻辣火锅产生了偏好,吃麻辣火锅是重庆的一种特殊习俗,而且麻辣火锅也是众多来此地的游客的盛宴。(custom,crowd)
Due to the hot and humid climate,people have developed a preference for spicy hot pot,which is a special custom of Chongqing and a great feast for crowds of tourists coming here.
6.这里的人们慷慨好客,欢迎国内外的每一位游客。(generous)
People here are generous and hospitable,and welcome every tourist from home and abroad.
7.如果你来到这里,你一定会爱上它的!(fall in love with)
If you come here,you will definitely fall in love with it!
[句式升级]
将第6句用现在分词作状语进行改写升级。
People here are generous and hospitable,welcoming every tourist from home and abroad.
[连句成篇]
　　I’m Li Hua.It’s my great honour to stand here to introduce my hometown,Chongqing.Chongqing,known as “Mountain City” for its mountains and “Foggy City” for its fog,is a beautiful city surrounded by mountains on three sides.The striking scenery here attracts tourists from all over the world.
In addition,the fascinating night view of the city,including millions of lights as well as their reflections on the river,will leave a deep impression on tourists.Due to the hot and humid climate,people have developed a preference for spicy hot pot,which is a special custom of Chongqing and a great feast for crowds of tourists coming here.People here are generous and hospitable,welcoming every tourist from home and abroad.If you come here,you will definitely fall in love with it!
Thanks for your listening.
要求:请根据P66的线训练,再结合括号中的提示完成句式升级,并续写后续内容,使故事情节更加完整。
　　As the eager audience settled into their seats,the atmosphere buzzed with anticipation for the evening’s comedy show.As the lights dimmed,a comedian took the stage,and the audience immediately broke into broad smiles.His opening joke ①was so brilliant that it made the audience start to chuckle (so ... that...引导结果状语从句).Within minutes,the entire auditorium exploded with laughter,②the cheerful sound echoing through the hall (独立主格结构).At the performance’s climax,the audience was grinning from ear to ear.When the comedian delivered his vivid celebrity impersonation,everyone screamed with laughter,③with tears streaming down their faces (with复合结构).④Taking his final bow (现在分词短语作伴随状语),the comedian beamed at the audience,basking in the audience’s cheers and applause,⑤his delight as radiant as the stage lights (独立主格结构).⑥That night,the auditorium became a heaven of shared joy,the memory of those laughter-filled moments lingering in everyone’s heart long after the curtains fell.It was such a success that the roaring applause seemed to last forever,becoming the best reward for his dedication to comedy.
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.poster　　　n.海报;招贴画 2.immediately adv.立刻;马上;直接地 3.species n.物种;种类 4.rate n.速度;(比)率;价格 vt.划分等级;评估;估价;认为 5.mass n.大量;堆;群 adj.大量的;广泛的 v.聚集;集结 6.habitat n.(动植物的)生活环境;栖息地 7.average n.平均数;平均水平 adj.平均的;正常的;普通的 v.平均为;计算平均值 8.living adj.居住的;活的;在用的;现存的 n.生活;生计 9.measure　　　n.措施;方法;尺寸 vt.测量;度量;估量 10.shoot vt.& vi.(shot,shot)射杀;射伤;发射;拍摄 n.幼苗;嫩芽 11.attack vi.& vt.攻击;袭击;抨击 n.攻击;抨击;(疾病)发作 12.due adj.由于,因为;到期的;预期的;应付的 n.应付款;应得之物 13.skin n.皮;皮肤 vt.剥皮;削皮
阅 读 词 汇 1.shark　　　　　n.鲨鱼 2.fin n.(鱼的)鳍 3.rating n.等级;级别;评分,评级 4.prince n.王子;王孙;亲王 5.authority n.官方;当权;权威 6.whale n.鲸 7.antelope n.羚;羚类动物 8.plain n.平原 adj.简单明了的;直率的;平凡的 9.herd n.牧群;兽群 10.fur n.毛(皮);毛皮衣服 11.sacred adj.神圣的;受尊敬的 12.goods n.商品;货物 13.creature　　　　　n.生物;动物 14.deer n.鹿 15.kangaroo n.袋鼠 16.insect n.昆虫 n.网 adj.净得的;纯的 18.neighbourhood n.临近的地方;街区 19.binoculars n.双筒望远镜 20.dolphin n.海豚 21.koala n.树袋熊;考拉 22.stir vt.激发;搅动 23.Tibetan adj.西藏的;藏语的;藏族(人)的 n.西藏人;藏族人;藏语
拓 展 词 汇 1.illegal adj.不合法的;非法的→ illegally adv.不合法地;非法地→ legal adj.合法的 2.hunt vt.& vi.打猎;搜寻;追捕→ hunter n.猎人 3.alarm vt.使惊恐;使害怕;使担心 n.恐慌;警报;警报器→ alarmed adj.担心的;害怕的→ alarming adj.惊人的;使人惊恐的 4.extinct adj.已灭绝的→ extinction n.灭绝 5.aware adj.知道;发觉;有……意识的→ awareness n.意识;认识 6.endanger vt.危害;使遭受危险→endangered adj.(物种)有灭种危险的,濒临灭绝的 7.concern vt.涉及;让……担忧 n.担心,忧虑;关心→ concerned adj.担心的;关切的→ concerning prep.关于;涉及 8.adapt vi.适应 vt.使适应;使适合→ adaptation n.适应;改编→adaptable adj.有适应能力的;能适应的 9.pressure n.压力;要求→press vi.& vt.按;压;逼迫→pressing adj.紧急的;急迫的 10.reserve n.(动植物) 保护区;储藏(量) vt.预订;预留;保留→reservation n.预订;预留 11.observe vt.观察 (到);注视;遵守→ observation n.观察;观测;监视→ observer n.观察者;观测者 12.beauty n.美;美人;美好的东西→ beautiful adj.美丽的→ beautify vt.使美化;使变美 13.remind vt.提醒;使想起→reminder n.引起回忆的事物;提醒人的事物 14.profit n.利润;利益→profitable adj.有利润的;赢利的;有益的;有好处的 15.effective adj.有效的;生效的→effectively adv.有效地;生效地→effect n.影响;效果 16.recover vi.恢复;康复 vt.找回;寻回→ recovery n.恢复;复苏;康复 17.remove vt.去除;移开;脱去→removal n.移动;去除 18.intend vi.& vt.打算;计划;想要→ intention n.打算;目的;意图→intended adj.打算的;计划的;为……打算(或设计)的 19.threat n.威胁→ threaten vt.威胁;危及 20.exist vi.存在;生存→ existing adj.现存的;现行的→ existence n.生存;存在 21.harmony n.和谐;融洽→harmonious adj.和谐的 22.reduce vt.减少 →reduction n.减少 23.emotion n.感情;情感;情绪→ emotional adj.情感的 24.unusual adj.特别的;不寻常的→usual adj.平常的;通常的
重 点 词 块 1.on earth　　　　　　究竟;到底 2.die out 灭亡;逐渐消失 3.(be) aware of 意识到;知道 4.on average 平均 5.make progress 取得进步 6.(be) concerned about 对……关切的;为……担忧的 7.adapt to 适应 8.under pressure 在压力下;承受压力 9.make out　　　　　 看清;听清;分清 10.remind sb of sb/sth 使某人想起(类似的人或物) 11.save...from... 从……挽救 12.watch over 保护;照管;监督 13.day and night 日日夜夜;夜以继日 14.due to 由于;因为 15.search for 搜索;查找 16.stir up 激起 17.wildlife protection 野生动物保护
重 点 句 型 1.大象需要很大的生活空间,因此对它们来说适应这些变化很难。(It+be+adj.+for sb+to do ...) Elephants need large living spaces,so it’s difficult for them to adapt to the changes. 2.这就是我们来到此地的原因——观察藏羚羊。(This is why ...“这就是……的原因”) This is why we’re here — to observe Tibetan antelopes. 3.只有学会和大自然和睦共处,我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。(“only+状语”置于句首引起的部分倒装) 　Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet. 4.谈到野生动物保护,所有的物种,无论好的、坏的还是丑的,都应该得到平等的对待。(“when it comes to...”句型) When it comes to wildlife protection,all species—the good,the bad,and the ugly—should be treated equally.
动词变名词的后缀“-ance” 集锦:
①guide→guidance 指导　　　　　②assist→assistance帮助　　　③attend→attendance出席
④perform→performance表演 ⑤resist→resistance抵抗 ⑥accept→acceptance接受
⑦maintain→maintenance维护 ⑧appear→appearance出现 ⑨endure→endurance忍受 ⑩insure→insurance保险 rely→reliance依赖 tolerate→tolerance容忍
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Batteries are energy-efficient and electric cars can plug into existing (exist) systems and services. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)When the final bell rang in June,I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance—the ability to connect people,to put us in another’s skin(皮肤),to teach us what it means to be human. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Whole neighbourhoods (neighbourhood) were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove (去除) microplastics. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa,where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder (remind) of fact than a prayer at dinner time. 6.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Most of Ho’s students will recover (恢复;康复),which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care. 7.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average (普通的) restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1,000 in revenue (收入),and of that waste only 15.7% is donated or recycled. 8.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)English market towns come in many shapes and sizes.Each has a personality shaped by the goods (商品;货物) and services produced and traded for centuries. 9.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)“People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating(等级;级别),”she says. 10.(2025·浙江1月卷)Here are some tips worth following in order to communicate more effectively (effective). 11.(2025·浙江1月卷)When women are put into positions of leadership like running companies,it reduces (reduce) negative stereotypes about women. 12.(2025·浙江1月卷)Loan periods are established by the lending library.All due (到期的) dates are noted on the label.
13.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered(endanger) species across the ridges and valleys. 14.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Its profits(profit)will decline. 15.(2024·全国甲卷)That’s why (那就是……的原因)most pet cats are able to tell immediately (immediate)if their owners were around any other cats,which they don’t usually like. 16.(2024·全国甲卷)The government has struggled to come up with measures (measure) to address the problem,particularly in the poorer,rural areas east of the Volga River,including arranging doctor’s appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk. 17.(2024·全国甲卷)But cats are special creatures (creature)who possess amazing vocalization skills. 18.(2023·全国乙卷)To make some of my landscape shots,I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot (shoot) within a 10-minute time frame. 19.(2023·天津3月卷)Teeth chattering,heart rates (rate) slowing,fingers and toes going numb (麻木),we stayed there for somewhere between two and five minutes. 20.(2023·天津6月卷)This aspect of storytelling—presenting a different perspective of the world—is important when it comes to (当谈到……)connecting with each other.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.aware adj.知道;发觉;有……意识的
①[通知] The activity aims to raise awareness of saving food.
②[主旨升华] 这让我意识到,我们小小的善举也能让他们感到温暖,并且对他们产生影响。
It made me aware that our small act of kindness can also make them feel warm and make a difference to them.
③[心理描写] 意识到所有人盯着我,我是如此紧张以至于浑身冒汗。
Aware that all people were staring at me,I was so nervous that I was sweating all over.
④[倡议书] 我呼吁学校发起更多的环保运动以唤起学生们过低碳生活的意识。
I appeal to the school to launch more environment-friendly campaigns to arouse students’ awareness of living a low-carbon life.
2.average n.平均数;平均水平 adj.平均的;正常的;普通的
①All students have two PE classes a week and run for an average of 20 minutes every day.
②他的英语成绩一直普普通通,但他艺术课上的创造力远超众人的预期。
His English grades have always been average,but his creativity in art classes surpassed everyone’s expectations.
③[人物介绍] 我最尊敬的人是我的语文老师,他的教学水平远远高于平均水平。他中等身材,戴着一副眼镜。
The person I respect most is my Chinese teacher whose teaching level is far above average.He is of average height and wears a pair of glasses.
④[话题写作] 一般来说,成年人每晚需要7—9小时睡眠以保持最佳健康状态。
On average,adults need 7-9 hours of sleep per night to maintain optimal health.
3.concern vt.涉及;让……担忧 n.担心;忧虑;关心
①[建议信] I’m writing to express my opinion concerning (concern) Chinese customs,which is useful for you to pay a visit to a Chinese friend.
②As far as I’m concerned(就我而言),this course is taught in Chinese,allowing me to forget my mother tongue and think in Chinese.
③[情感描写] 汤姆的母亲担心他的安全,焦急地在电话旁等待他的来电。
Tom’s mother,concerned about/for his safety,waited anxiously by the phone for his call.
④[场景描写] 太阳开始落山了,而他的儿子杰克还没有回家,他的担忧加剧了。
His concern grew as the sun began to set and his son,Jack,still hadn’t come home.
4.adapt vi.适应 vt.使适应;使适合;改编;改写
①The adaptable wildlife is constantly forced to adapt in the face of human activities and environmental changes;their survival depends on successful adaptation,but many species haven’t adapted quickly enough,which makes wildlife protection more crucial than ever.(adapt)
②[情感描写] 这只小狗被带到了一个新家,起初它很害怕。但几天后,它适应了新环境,变得活泼快乐。
The little puppy was brought to a new home and at first,it was very scared.But in a few days,it adapted itself to its new surroundings and became active and happy.
③[求助信] 我写信请求您就我们的英语短剧给予我们帮助,该短剧改编自我们的课本。
I am writing to ask you to help us with our English short play (which is) adapted from our textbook.
④[建议信] 如果你觉得难以适应新环境,那就尝试向你的老师们求助。
If you find it hard to adapt to your new surroundings,try to turn to your teachers.
5.measure n.措施;方法 vt.测量;度量;估量
①[倡议书]We sincerely hope that effective measures (measure) can be taken to protect endangered species from dying out.
②Chefs measure ingredients by weight or volume when following a recipe.
③[倡议书] 我们该采取措施防止空气污染了。
It is high time that we took/should take measures to prevent the air from being polluted.
6.observe vt.观察(到),观测;注视;注意到;遵守(规则、法律等);庆祝
①[2023·浙江1月卷] We then went on a natural walk to observe (observe) and collect samples of different plants.
②[活动介绍] It is a tradition for Chinese people to observe the Spring Festival(庆祝春节).
③[神态描写] 她注意到杰克独自站在角落里,他看上去既迷茫又困惑。
She observed Jack standing alone in the corner,looking lost and confused.
④[场景描写] 我坐在山顶,注视着太阳缓缓沉入地平线。
I sat atop the mountain,observing the sun slowly sink below the horizon.
7.remind vt.提醒;使想起
①His teachings remind us of the importance of integrity,compassion,and social ability.
②It reminds (remind) me of the carefree days of my childhood,where I could immerse myself in the enchanting world of stories and embark on thrilling adventures alongside beloved characters.
③[投稿征文] Please be reminded ( remind ) that all contributions should be addressed to the website no later than 30 May.
④[情感描写] 我深呼吸了几次,提醒自己将所有疑虑和恐惧抛诸脑后。
I took several deep breaths,reminding myself to put aside all doubts and fears.
⑤[主旨升华] 对他来说,它们是希望的提醒,是光明和温暖将很快取代寒冷和黑暗的承诺。
To him,they served as a reminder of hope and a promise that light and warmth would soon replace cold and dark.
8.intend vi.& vt.打算;计划;想要
①[2024·浙江1月卷] The last time I used a phone box for its intended ( intend ) purpose was ...2006.
②The Oral English Club is known for its unusual and colourful activities intended for excellent oral English.Next Saturday the club intends its members to deliver (deliver) inspiring speeches in the lecture hall.
③[动作描写] 孩子们本打算像往常一样去公园玩,但在路上他们发现了一只迷路的小狗。
The children had intended to play in the park/intended to have played in the park as usual,but on the way they found a lost puppy.
④[报道] 我们学校组织了一次五千米的越野跑比赛,目的是提高我们的身心素质。
→Our school organised a five-kilometre cross-country running race with the intention of improving/to improve our physical and mental strength.(intention)
→Our school intended to improve/improving our physical and mental strength by organising a five-kilometre cross-country running race.(intend)
9.exist vi.存在;生存
①No one knows exactly when such a custom came into existence (exist).
②In primitive societies,some tribes existed on hunting and gathering.
③[主旨升华] 在那之后我意识到真正的友谊存在于彼此的相互信任和支持中。
After that,I realised that true friendship exists in mutual trust and support of each other.
④[通知] 基于现有的日程安排,会议已推迟到下周。
Based on the existing schedule,the meeting has been postponed to next week.
10.“This is why...”这就是……的原因
[教材原句] This is why we’re here—to observe Tibetan antelopes.
这就是我们来到此地的原因——观察藏羚羊。
①[2024·新课标Ⅱ卷] This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now — several decades before these developments are expected to take place.
②尽管有社交媒体,许多青少年仍感到孤独,这就是面对面交流重要的原因。
Many teens feel isolated despite social media.This is why face-to-face communication matters.
③[建议信] 我们应该读名著,这是因为阅读经典作品可以丰富我们的生活。
→Reading classics can enrich our life.This is why we should read classics.
→We should read classics.This is because reading classics can enrich our life.
→The reason why we should read classics is that reading classics can enrich our life.
11.“only+状语”置于句首引起的部分倒装
[教材原句] Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
只有学会和大自然和谐共处,我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。
①[建议信] 你只有来到中国,才能真正体验其饮食文化。
Only by coming to China can you truly experience its culinary culture.
②[主旨升华] 直到那时,我才明白,正是宽容和理解让我们的友谊更加坚固。
Only then did I realise that it was tolerance and understanding that could strengthen our friendship.
③[语言描写] “只有两个过路人买了我的爆米花,” Bernard伤心地叹了口气。
“Only two passers-by bought my popcorn,” Bernard sighed sadly.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] The Small Friends Pet Shelter was started by a group of high school students and their parents ①when they started to see many pets ②that were left behind after their families moved away.
尝试分析:本句是一个复合句。①是when引导的时间状语从句,②是that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词pets。
自主翻译:当一些高中生和他们的父母开始看到在主人搬走后,很多宠物被遗留下来时,他们成立了“小朋友宠物收容所”。
情境仿写:当我们遇到难以克服的困难时,我们应该多思考,积极解决。
We should think more and solve them actively when we meet difficulties that are too difficult to overcome.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.remove
A.vt.移开;使离开　　B.vt.脱去;摘下 C.vt.免除,解除
①It was not until he removed his sunglasses that I recognised him.　B　
②The company has removed the manager from his post due to his poor performance.　C　
③(2021·全国乙卷)If you’re the host,you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation.　A　
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
A mass① of green vegetation revives in the restored nature reserve,providing mass② shelters for endangered species.In the forest,a mass③ of deer graze peacefully near newly built waterholes,while mass④ volunteers work daily to monitor their growth.Such efforts have turned the reserve into a thriving haven for wildlife.
在恢复的自然保护区里,①一大片绿色植被焕发生机,为濒危物种提供了②广泛的庇护所。森林中,③一群鹿在新建的饮水池旁安然觅食,④大批志愿者每天监测它们的生长。这些努力已让保护区成为野生动物繁荣的地方。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are — but what they do know has raised concerns (concern).
2.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Helping the community lowers rates (rate) of depression.
3.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness (aware) regarding food waste.
4.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered (endanger) species across the ridges and valleys.
5.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure (press) on the places we visit and improve our experience.
6.(2024·浙江1月卷)Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts,no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies.
7.(2024·北京卷)Each pair of students meets three times throughout the term with a teacher who decides if the exchange is effective (effect).
8.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)“With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations (observation) of different species with the aid of a mobile application,”said...
9.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The task John set for himself was to remove (remove) harmful substances from some sludge (污泥).
10.(2023·全国甲卷)Their recovery (recover) has been so successful that the US Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies,which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 投稿—动植物保护—维持生物多样性
你校将以三月三日“世界野生动植物日”为主题,举办英语征文比赛,请你根据以下内容写一篇短文投稿。
[场景演练]
1.出于各种原因,越来越多的野生动植物濒临灭绝。(wildlife,extinction)
For various reasons,more and more wildlife is on the edge of extinction.
2.毫无疑问,我们已经采取了许多措施来维持地球上的生物多样性,但仍有更多的工作要做。(measure)
Undoubtedly,we have taken many measures to maintain the biodiversity on the earth,but there is still more needed to be done.
3.事实上,每种生物在自然界的平衡中都有自己的位置。(creature,balance)
Actually,every creature has its place in the balance of nature.
4.摧毁一个物种可能会破坏脆弱的生态系统,影响人类的生存,因此,现在是我们齐心协力保护它们的栖息地和建立更多自然保护区的时候了。(species,habitat,reserve)
Destroying one species can do damage to the delicate ecosystem,and influence the survival of human beings,so it’s high time we made concerted efforts to protect their habitats and establish more nature reserves.
5.此外,应制定相应的法律,以提高公众保护野生动植物的意识。(awareness)
Moreover,corresponding laws should be made to raise public awareness of protecting wildlife.
6.因此,只有我们每个人都尽自己的一份力,我们才能做出积极的改变。(“only+状语”置于句首引起的部分倒装)
Therefore,only when every one of us does our share can we make a positive change.
[句式升级]
将第4句用非谓语进行改写升级。
Destroying one species can do damage to the delicate ecosystem,influencing the survival of human beings,so it’s high time we made concerted efforts to protect their habitats and establish more nature reserves.
[连句成篇]
For various reasons,more and more wildlife is on the edge of extinction.
Undoubtedly,we have taken many measures to maintain the biodiversity on the earth,but there is still more needed to be done.Actually,every creature has its place in the balance of nature.Destroying one species can do damage to the delicate ecosystem, influencing the survival of human beings,so it’s high time we made concerted efforts to protect their habitats and establish more nature reserves.Moreover,corresponding laws should be made to raise public awareness of protecting wildlife.
Therefore,only when every one of us does our share can we make a positive change.
giggle 咯咯地笑;傻笑 chuckle 轻声地笑 roar 放声大笑 beam 眉开眼笑;笑容满面 grin 露齿而笑;咧着嘴笑 ridicule 嘲笑;讥笑 mock 嘲笑 break into a grin 咧开嘴笑起来 one’s face brightens/lights up 喜形于色 smile sweetly/shyly 嫣然一笑/羞答答地笑 smile faintly/broadly 微微一笑/开怀大笑 笑 smile through tears/with relief 含泪微笑/宽慰地笑 grin from ear to ear 笑得合不拢嘴 crack a smile 绽放笑容 force/squeeze out a smile 强颜欢笑 a big/broad/wide/bright smile 一个灿烂的微笑 laugh a hearty laugh 开怀大笑 burst into laughter (=burst out laughing) 突然大笑起来 explode with laughter 哄堂大笑 scream with laughter 笑得前仰后合 break into a broad smile 绽开灿烂的笑容
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　　　adj.古典的;经典的 2.　　　　 n.灵魂;心灵 3.　　　　 adj.很接近的;事实上的;虚拟的 4.　　　　 n.机会;时机 5.　　　　 adj.普通的;平凡的 6.　　　　 vt.授予 n.奖品 7.　　　　 n.作曲者;作曲家 8.　　　　 n.现象 9.　　　　　　n.(发展或进展的)时期;阶段;(多指剧场中的)舞台 10.　　　　 adv.现在;目前 11.　　　　 vt.治愈;治好(疾病);解决(问题) n.药物;治疗;(解决问题、改善糟糕情况的)措施 12.　　　　 n.巨大影响;强大作用;冲击力 13.　　　　 n.钢琴 14.　　　　 adv.而且;此外
阅 读 词 汇 1.hip-hop　　n.　　　　　　　 2.techno n.　　　　　　　 3.bagpipes n.[pl.]　　　　　　　 4.stringed adj.　　　　　　　 5.onto prep.　　　　　　　 6.studio n.　　　　　　　 7.altogether adv.　　　　　　　 8.thus adv.　　　　　　　 9.band n.　　　　　　　 10.rap n.　　　　　　　 vi.& vt.　　　　　　　 11.romantic adj.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 12.album　　　　n.　　　　　　　 13.disease n.　　　　　　　 14.ache vi.& n.　　　　　　　 15.lean vt.(leant/leaned,leant/leaned)　　　　　 16.being n.　　　　　　　 17.somehow adv.　　　　　　　 18.rhetorical adj.　　　　　　　 19.metaphor n.　　　　　　　 20.personification n.　　　　　　　 21.simile n.　　　　　　　 22.outline n.& vt.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 n.能源;能量;精力→　　　　 adj.精力充沛的→　　　　 adv.精力充沛地 2.　　　　 n.成分;(音乐、艺术、诗歌的)作品→　　　　 n.作曲者;作曲家→　　　　 vt.作曲;创作(音乐) 3.　　　　 vi.& vt.表演;履行;执行;工作,运转→　　　　 n.表演;演技;表现;执行;履行→　　　　 n.表演者;演员 4.　　　　 vt.使能够;使可能→　　　　 adj.能够→ 　　　　 n.能力→　　　　 adj.不能的;没有能力的 5.　　　　 vt.证明;展现→　　　　 n.证据 6.　　　　 n.(乐队、合唱团等的)指挥;(公共汽车的)售票员→　　　　 vt.指挥;指导
拓 展 词 汇 7.　　　　 adj.原来的;独创的;原作的 n.原件;原作→　　　　 adv.原来;起初→　　　　 vi.起源;发源 vt.创立;开创→　　　　 n.起源;起因 8.　　　　 adj.逐渐的;渐进的→　　　　 adv.逐渐地;渐进地 9.　　　　 adj.有能力的;有才能的→　　　　 n.能力→ 　　　　 adj.没有能力的 10.　　　　 n.(焦虑、痛苦的)减轻或消除;(不快过后的)宽慰、轻松或解脱→　　　　 vt.减轻;缓解;解除→　　　　 adj.感到宽慰的;放心的 11.　　　　 adj.先前的;以往的→　　　　 adv.先前地 12.　　　　 adj.失业的;待业的→　　　　 adj.被雇用的→　　　　 vt.雇用;使用;利用→　　　　 n.雇用者;雇主;老板→　　　　 n.受雇者;雇员→　　　　 n.工作;职业;就业;雇用;使用;利用 13.　　　　 n.目的;目标 vi.& vt.力求达到;力争做到;瞄准 vt.目的是;旨在→　　　　　 adj.没有方向的;无目标的→　　　　 adv.漫无目的地;无目标地 14.　　　　 n.设备;装备→　　　　 vt.装备;配备 15.　　　　 n.天才;天资;天赋→　　　　 adj.天才的;有天赋的 16.　　　　 vt.以为;假设→　　　　 n.假设→　　　　 conj.假设;假定 17.　　　　 n.添加;加法;增加物→　　　　 adj.附加的;额外的→　　　　 vt.添加;补充说 18.　　　　 n.治疗;对待;处理→　　　　 vt.治疗;对待;处理 n.乐趣;款待 19.　　　　 n.满足;满意;欣慰 →　　　　 vt.使满意→　　　　 adj.满意的→　　　　 adj.令人满意的 20.　　　　 adj.各种不同的;各种各样的→　　　　 n.多样性→　　　　 vi.变化;相异 21.　　　　 n.重复;重做→　　　　 vt.重复→　　　　 adj.重复的→　　　　 adv.重复地 22.　　　　 n.反应;回应→　　　　 vi.起反应;回应
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　　　弦乐器 2.　　　　　　　 虚拟合唱团 3.　　　　　　　 提出 4.　　　　　　　 和……一起 5.　　　　　　　 爱上 6.　　　　　　　 在舞台上 7.　　　　　　　 被……吸引住;专心 致志 8.　　　　　　　 以……为目标 9.　　　　　　　　　　　安装好(设备或机器) 10.　　　　　　　 参加……选拔(或试演) 11.　　　　　　　 除……以外(还) 12.　　　　　　　 对……有影响 13.　　　　　　　 从(那)时起 14.　　　　　　　 (设法)处理;完成 15.　　　　　　　 结果是 16.　　　　　　　 还清;得到回报
重 点 句 型 1.事实证明,它对许多人的生活产生了积极的影响。(prove to be+n./adj.) It has 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 on the lives of many people. 2.正如一位虚拟合唱团成员所说:“音乐帮助我……忘记自己的问题。音乐让我脱胎换骨。”(as引导的非限制性定语从句) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,“Music helps me to...forget my problems.With music,I become someone else.” 3.他被这段音乐打动了,他说:“那种(兴奋的)感觉就如同是第一次看见色彩一样。”(过去分词短语作原因状语) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,he said,“It was like seeing color for the first time.”
重 点 句 型 4.非常荣幸来到这里与大家分享音乐是如何影响了我的人生的。(It’s an honour to do sth) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 with you the story of how music has had an impact on my life. 5.在那时,音乐可以帮助你,就像它曾经帮助我一样。(way作先行词的定语从句) During those times,music can help you in the same 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
动词变名词的后缀“-(a)tion” 集锦:
①compose→composition成分;(音乐、艺术、诗歌的)作品　　　②addict→addiction添加;增加物
③satisfy→satisfaction满足;满意　　④organise→organisation组织　　⑤apply→application应用
⑥demonstrate→demonstration演示 ⑦determine→determination决心 ⑧educate→education教育
⑨operate→operation手术
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces,the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces,and the 　　　　(能量) flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings,sculptures,digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)The team focused only on three common types—polystyrene,polyethylene and polypropylene—and they didn’t study other chemicals 　　　　(previous) found in water such as vinyl chloride. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)We should be looking into upgrading drinking water 　　　　(treat) plants so they remove microplastics. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)It’s also home to an ancient library.One of the four 　　　　(原来的) copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Does your 　　　　(灵魂) die a little every time you throw away unused food 6.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)However,I soon found that by doing so,I might be losing something more important: the 　　　　 (机会;时机) to share a small part of my cultural identity. 7.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)“Students who are around plants 　　　　 (performance) better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants,” says Knuth. 8.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)These effects aren’t just short-term but 　　　　 (prove) to affect a teen’s well-being in the years to come. 9.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Volunteering makes you feel 　　　　 (有能力的) and inspires you to make the most of each day. 10.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)You may even learn that your kid has a 　　　　(天资;天赋) you didn’t know about before. 11.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)“People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life 　　　　(satisfy) rating,” she says. 12.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little 　　　　(relieve). 13.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out.Such structured thinking,followed by global regulation,will 　　　　 (able) us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall.
14.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Minimize 　　　　 (巨大影响;强大作用) and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. 15.(2024·全国甲卷)That’s why this issue (期) of Writer’s Digest 　　　　 (aim) to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you’re doing. 16.(2024·浙江1月卷)Then I noticed folk conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous books on 　　　　 (variety) subjects there. 17.(2024·北京卷)After two months we were all prepared and ready to go on 　　　　 (舞台). 18.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)I went to my teacher’s office after the 　　　　 (奖品) presentation. 19.(2023·全国乙卷)Where else can you see young players playing within ten days—classical works and Russian traditional music before coming to the final 　　　　 (时期;阶段) 20.(2023·浙江1月卷)“These pollinator-friendly solar farms can have a valuable impact 　　　　 everything that’s going on in the landscape,” says Macknick. 21.(2023·北京卷)The 4-Week Learning Sprint,which will take place during November 2023,is a 　　　　 (虚拟的) learning programme. 22.(2023·北京卷)This is when a pop star draws far more attention than,say,　　　　 (逐渐的;渐进的) biodiversity decline.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.perform vi.& vt.表演;履行;执行;工作,运转
①[动作描写]She 　　　　(perform) the dance at the centre of the stage,moving her body lightly,with hair flying as she danced,like a lively butterfly flying through a sea of flowers.
②[通知]明天,喜剧演员们要在剧院进行一场表演。
Tomorrow,the comedians will 　　　　　　　　　　　　 in the theatre.
③[主旨升华] 认真履行职责,你就会赢得他人持久的信任。
　　　　　　　　　　　　 seriously,and you will gain enduring trust from others.
2.prove vt.证明;展现
①My deskmate proved 　　　　 (be) an honest friend.
②The scientist proved his theory 　　　　 the sceptics with solid data.
③老桥在她脚下咯吱作响,其风化的木板证明,即使是看似坚不可摧的东西,时间也会在其上面留下痕迹。
The old bridge creaked under her feet,its weathered planks 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 even on things that seemed too strong to break.
④[投诉信] 事实证明,您的产品质量差给我造成了极大的不便和损失。
　　　　　　　　　　　　 the poor quality of your product has caused significant inconvenience and loss to me.
3.award vt.授予;奖励;判定 n.奖;奖品;奖金;奖学金
①The scientist received an award 　　　　 his groundbreaking discovery.
②[动作描写] 她郑重地将一份荣誉证书授予这位志愿者,双手递出,眼神里满是对无私奉献的敬意。
She 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 seriously,handing it out with both hands,and her eyes were full of respect for selfless dedication.
③基金会为该研究团队的项目拨了一笔资助金。
→The foundation 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 for their project.(award sth to sb)
→The foundation 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 for their project.(award sb sth)
4.relief n.(焦虑、痛苦的)减轻或消除;(不快过后的)宽慰、轻松或解脱
①[动作描写]He laughed 　　　　 relief,patting his friend’s shoulder—they’d finally found the right road after getting lost.
②　　　　 our relief,the new method proved to be effective and efficient.
③[神态描写] 当他看到试卷上的优异成绩时,他脸上露出了欣慰的笑容,所有的努力终于有了回报。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 when he saw his excellent score on the exam paper,all the efforts finally paying off.
5.cure vt.治愈;治好(疾病);解决(问题) n.药物;治疗;(解决问题、改善糟糕情况的)措施
①[主旨升华]Face problems directly,and you will find the cure 　　　　 life’s difficulties.
②Traditional Chinese medicine cured me 　　　　 my insomnia.
③If the disease was cured in a timely way,the patient was likely to recover.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　,the patient was likely to recover.(if条件句的省略)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　,the patient was likely to recover.(过去分词短语作状语)
6.aim n.目的;目标 vi.& vt.力求达到;力争做到;瞄准 vt.目的是;旨在
①[动作描写] He wandered 　　　　 (aimless) along the empty street,hands in pockets,eyes glued to the cracks in the sidewalk—he didn’t know where to go after the argument.
②[倡议信]Our school’s environmental protection initiative aims 　　　　 (raise) students’ awareness of sustainable living.
③[推荐信]这位候选人旨在人工智能领域开展进一步研究,我相信他出色的学术背景和强大的研究能力将有助于他实现这一目标。
This candidate 　　　　　　　　 pursue further studies in the field of artificial intelligence,and I believe his excellent academic background and strong research ability will help him 　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　.
7.assume vt.以为;假设
①[2024·浙江1月卷] For a few months after the “library”opened,I didn’t bother taking a look,as I
　　　　　　　　 (assume) that it would be stuffed full of cheesy love stories.
②He didn’t bring an umbrella 　　　　 the assumption that it wouldn’t rain.
③If you make an 　　　　 (assume) that something is true or will happen,you accept that it is true or will happen.
④[演讲稿] 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (一般认为) AI will transform future work patterns.
8.absorbed in sth/sb被……吸引住;专心致志
①Besides,we can absorb all kinds of resources to learn more efficiently.　　　　　　　
②Many little shops have been absorbed into big businesses in recent years.　　　　　　　
③Tom was absorbed in his work,so he forgot to inform me of the meeting.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,Tom forgot to inform me of the meeting.(现在分词短语作状语)
→　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　,Tom forgot to inform me of the meeting.(过去分词短语作状语)
→Tom 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　 he forgot to inform me of the meeting.(so...that...)
→　　　　　　　　　　 he forgot to inform me of the meeting.(so...that...的倒装句式)
9.get through (设法)处理;完成;度过;顺利通过;接/打通(电话);用完;耗尽
我首先需要克服自己的羞怯,然后开始努力学习,这样我才能和同学们相处融洽并顺利地完成学业。此外,我想再次与儿时的朋友们取得联系,希望能向他们传达我的感受和经历。
I need to 　　　　　　　　 my shyness first and then 　　　　　　　　 studying hard so that I can 　　　　　　　　　　　　 my classmates and complete my academy successfully. Besides,I want to 　　　　　　　　　　 my childhood friends again and I hope I can 　　　　
　　　　 my feelings and experiences to them.
10.过去分词(短语)作状语
[教材原句] Moved by this music,he said,“It was like seeing color for the first time.”
他被这段音乐打动了,他说:“那种(兴奋的)感觉就如同是第一次看见色彩一样。”
①[情感描写] 被这个突如其来的消息所震惊,她僵在原地,眼睛因难以置信而睁得大大的。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,she stood frozen,her eyes wide with disbelief.
②[建议信] 出于对环境的担忧,我真诚地希望您能考虑我的建议。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I sincerely hope you can consider my suggestions.
③[通知] 展览定于下周在科学博物馆举行,旨在帮助学生们更好地了解中国的空间技术。
The exhibition is scheduled to be held in the Science Museum next week,　　　　　　　　　　　　 have a better understanding of China’s space technology.
11.way作先行词的定语从句
[教材原句] During those times,music can help you in the same way that it helped me.
在那时,音乐可以帮助你,就像它曾经帮助我一样。
①The way 　　　　 combines theory and practice is highly praised.
②The way 　　　　 our team designed helps finish the task faster.
③I admire the way 　　　　　　　　 he faces difficulties bravely.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] ①When he got absorbed in his world of music,he felt ②as if he could “see” the beauty of the world around him,like he had in his previous life.
尝试分析:本句是主从复合句。①是when引导的　　　　从句,he felt是主句的主语和谓语,②是as if引导的　　　　从句,此处是虚拟语气,表示与现在事实相反。
自主翻译:
情境仿写:当她沉浸在这个童话故事里时,她仿佛能 “尝到” 那个糖果的甜味,就像她在小时候吃过的一样。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,she felt 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,like she had in her childhood.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.get through
A.使理解　　　　B.接/打通(电话)
C.顺利通过 D.用完;耗尽
E.熬过 F.(设法)处理;完成
①I couldn’t get through to him because his telephone was out of order now and then.　　　
②The little boy got through all his money in just one week and had to ask his mum for some more.　　　
③Luckily,he got through the exam and his efforts paid off.　　　
④It was your encouragement and support that cheered me up and helped me get through the hard times.　　　
⑤I think you can get through the first two chapters.　　　
2.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·浙江1月卷)The man froze for a second,but when he saw the skinny boy he breathed a sigh of relief.　　　　　　　
②(2024· 新课标Ⅰ卷)He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians now practicing “holistic” medicine—combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine.　　　　　　　
③(2024·北京卷)While he held the notion that objective reality exists,he said our mind plays a necessary role in structuring and shaping our perceptions.Modern sciences have revealed that our perceptual experience of the world is the result of many stages of processing by sensory systems and cognitive (认知的) functions in the brain.　　　　　　　
④(2024·北京卷)Now that we are in the information age,we have new concepts such as the computer,information processing,virtual reality,and simulation.　　　　　　　
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)She 　　　　(previous)explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise ...the goal is to feel good,not look good.”
2.(2025·浙江1月卷)A novel design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide.Referred to as matrix planting,this approach 　　　　(aim) for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden,and even some of the designing.
3.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)He became interested in alternative 　　　　(treatment) 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain.
4.(2024·浙江1月卷)Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their 　　　　(impact),no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies.
5.(2024·浙江1月卷)Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connection between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and 　　　　 (variety) forms of success.
6.(2024·北京卷)At 1:10,there was a line outside the drama room.Everyone looked 　　　　 (energy).
7.(2023·全国甲卷)You’ll then 　　　　 (gradual) become more patient.
8.(2023·全国乙卷)After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks,we decided to photograph the scene at sunset.The position 　　　　 (enable) us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background.
9.(2023·北京卷)People’s hesitancy to delay 　　　　 (satisfy)is the most obvious example,but there are others.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 投稿—音乐—古典音乐演出
　　上周六你参加了学校学生会组织的古典音乐演出,请你为这次演出写一篇报道,向学校英语校报投稿。
[场景演练]
1.上周六,为了丰富学生的课余生活,我校学生会举办了一场古典音乐演出,这场演出使我印象十分深刻。(aim,classical)
2.演出包括各种优秀的作品,生动地展示了古典音乐的历史。(various,composition)
3.它不仅使我们更好地了解古典音乐,还真正触动了我们的灵魂。(enable,soul)
4.学生们自创自演的表演确实令人印象深刻。(performance,compose,perform)
5.令我们满意的是,受这个演出的吸引,大多数学生都爱上了古典音乐。(satisfaction,fall in love with)
6.因此,毫无疑问,这场演出是很成功的。(prove)
[句式升级]
1.将第2句用非谓语动词作状语进行改写升级。
2.将第3句用倒装句进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
cloud(使)模糊 water 湿润 with tears 满眼泪水 be dim with tears 泪眼蒙眬 blur (使)视线模糊 roll down 滚落 be drowned in tears 被泪水淹没 be in tears 泪流满面 well up 涌出 stream down 流淌而下 哭 choke 哽咽 weep 小声哭或无声流泪 sob 呜咽,啜泣 have a lump in one’s throat 哽咽 cry 大哭 be in floods of tears 失声痛哭 burst into tears/burst out crying 突然大哭 cry one’s eyes out 痛哭流涕 wipe (away) the tears 擦去眼泪 be close to tears 差点哭了 fight/hold back tears 抑制住泪水
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.temple　　　n.庙;寺 2.mount n.山峰 vt.爬上;骑上 vi.爬;登上 3.former adj.以前的;(两者中)前者的 4.clue n.线索;提示 5.protest n.抗议 vi.& vt.(公开)反对;抗议 6.likely adj.可能的 adv.可能地 7.committee n.委员会 8.department n.部;司;科 9.fund n.基金;专款 10.issue n.重要议题;争论的问题;一期;期号 vt.宣布;公布 11.conduct　　　　n.行为;举止;管理方法 vt.组织;安排;带领 12.document n.文件;公文;(计算机)文档 vt.记录;记载(详情) 13.worthwhile adj.值得做的;值得花时间的 14.download vt.下载 n.下载;已下载的数据资料 15.roof n.顶部;屋顶 16.image n.形象;印象 17.throughout prep.各处;遍及;自始至终 18.quality n.质量;品质;素质;特征 adj.优质的;高质量的 19.contrast n.对比;对照 vt.对比;对照
阅 读 词 汇 1.heritage　　　n.遗产(指国家或社会长期形成的历史、传统和特色) 2.relic n.遗物;遗迹 3.cypress n.柏树 4.dam n.水坝;拦河坝 5.within prep.& adv.在(某段时间、距离或范围)之内 6.republic n.共和国 7.archaeologist n.考古学家 8.pyramid n.(古埃及的)金字塔;棱锥体 9.process n.过程;进程;步骤 vt.处理;加工 10.overseas adj.海外的 adv.在海外 11.exit n.出口;通道 vi.& vt.出去;离去 12.sheet 　　　　n.一张(纸);床单;被单 13.parade n.游行;检阅 vi.游行庆祝;游行示威 14.mirror n.镜子 15.dragon n.龙 16.digital adj.数码的;数字显示的 17.cave n.山洞;洞穴 18.further adv.(far的比较级)更远;进一步 19.opinion n.意见;想法;看法 20.quote vt.引用 21.paraphrase n.,vi.& vt.(用更容易理解的文字)解释 22.forever adv.永远;长久地
拓 展 词 汇 1.creative adj.创造性的;有创造力的;有创意的→create vt.创造→creatively adv.创造性地;有创造力地→creativity n.创造性;创造力→creation n.作品;创造→creator n.创造者 2.preserve vt.保存;保护;维持 n.保护区→preservation n.保存;保留 3.promote vt.促进;提升;推销;晋级→promotion n.提升;晋升;推销;促销 4.application n.申请(表);用途;运用;应用(程序)→apply vi.& vt.申请;请求vt.应用,涂(油漆、乳剂)→applicant n.申请人 5.balance n.平衡;均匀 vt.使平衡→balanced adj.均衡的;平衡的 6.proposal n.提议;建议→propose vt.提议;建议 7.establish vt.建立;创立→establishment n.建立;创立 8.limit n.限度;限制vt.限制;限定→limited adj.有限的→limitless adj.无限的→limitation n.限制;局限 9.prevent vt.阻止;阻碍;阻挠→prevention n.预防;防止;防范→preventive adj.预防性的;防备的→preventable adj.可预防的 10.loss n.丧失;损失→lose vt.丢失;损失→lost adj.丢失的→loser n.失败者 11.contribution n.捐款;贡献;捐赠;稿件→contribute vi.& vt.捐献;捐助→contributor n.捐款者;捐赠者 12.investigate vi.& vt.调查;研究→investigation n.调查;研究→investigator n.调查者;侦查员 13.donate vt.(尤指向慈善机构)捐赠;赠送;献(血)→donation n.捐赠;赠送→donor n.捐赠者 14.disappear vi.消失;灭绝;消亡→disappearance n.消失;灭绝;消亡→(反义词)appear vi.出现→appearance n.出现;外表 15.attempt n.& vt.企图;试图;尝试→attempted adj.(犯罪等)未遂的 16.professional adj.专业的;职业的 n.专业人员;职业选手→profession n.职业;专业→professor n.教授 17.entrance n.入口;进入→enter v.进来;进入;加入;报名参加;登记 18.forgive vt.& vi.(forgave,forgiven)原谅;宽恕; vt.对不起;请原谅→forgiveness n.原谅;宽恕;宽宏大量 19.tradition n.传统;传统的信仰或风俗→traditional adj.传统的;习俗的;惯例的→traditionally adv.传统地 20.historic adj.历史上著名(或重要)的;有史时期的→history n.历史→historian n.历史学家→historical adj.(有关)历史的;历史上的 21.comparison n.比较;相比→compare vi.& vt.比较;相比→comparable adj.可比较的 22.identify vt.确认;认出;找到→identity n.身份;个性→identification n.鉴定,识别;认同;身份证明
重 点 词 块 1.take part in　　　　参与(某事);参加(某活动) 2.give way to 让步;屈服 3.keep a balance 保持平衡 4.lead to 导致 5.make a proposal 提出建议 6.turn to 向……求助;转向;致力于;翻到;查阅 7.take down 拆掉;拆除;写下 8.piece by piece　　　　　一点一点 9.prevent...from... 阻止;不准 10.donate...to... 向……捐赠…… 11.make sure 确保;设法保证 12.all over the world 在世界各地 e up with 提出 14.more than just 不仅仅是
重 点 句 型 1.新旧更替的时代已经到来,在走向未来的过程中,我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。(when引导定语从句;as引导状语从句) There comes a time when the old must give way to the new,and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future. 2.这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路,而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。(not only置于句首引起的部分倒装) Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past,but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow. 3.据说这是一面可以分辨是非的镜子!(It is+v.-ed+that;强调句型) It is said that it’s a mirror that can tell right from wrong! 4.正如一位从事该项目的研究人员所解释的:“欣赏本国文化遗产,有助于了解我们自己;欣赏他国文化遗产,有助于增进国际交流和理解。”(as引导定语从句;who引导定语从句) As one researcher who is working on the project explains,“Appreciating one’s own cultural heritage is very important for understanding oneself.Appreciating the cultural heritage of other countries is very important for international communication and understanding.”
动词变名词的后缀“-al” 集锦:
①propose→proposal 提议　　　　②renew→renewal 重新开始　　
③survive→survival存活④approve→approval赞成;批准
⑤deny→denial否认 ⑥betray→betrayal背叛
⑦portray→portrayal 描绘 ⑧try→trial 尝试 ⑨arrive→arrival到达
⑩refuse→refusal拒绝 remove→removal 移除 dismiss→dismissal解雇;不予考虑
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷) The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool to limit (限制) intake. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)I realised it was me who was at fault (错的那个人是我). 3.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)The shape creates (create)a perfect market where goods could be shipped and received using the river as a highway. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1,000 in revenue (收入),and of that waste only 15.7% is donated (donate) or recycled. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) It suffered a great loss(lose). 6.(2025·浙江1月卷) This platform is not only reserved for professional (profession)cooks,but also for those willing to discover new experiences. 7.(2025·浙江1月卷) Interlibrary loan is not available to former (以前的)students,guest borrowers or fee-card holders. 8.(2025·浙江1月卷) Articles are usually received within (在……之内)1-2 days and books in 5-10 days. 9.(2025·浙江1月卷) “You don’t want to get fat” was on constant repeat throughout (遍及;自始至终) my childhood. 10.(2025·浙江1月卷) To speed up the process,please make sure (确保) the information you submit through the ILL Request Form is accurate. 11.(2025·浙江1月卷) Any restrictions established (establish)by the lending library will be indicated on the label. 12.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) The reasons relate to a variety of factors,including reduced concentration,an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital(数码的;数字显示的) content.
13.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) To improve the quality of observational data,biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image (形象). 14.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. 15.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) Audio (音频) and video can feel more engaging than text,and so university teachers increasingly turn to (转向)these technologies — say,assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person. 16.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. 17.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) In the wrong hands,such a book could prove as complicated to process (处理;加工)as the computer code (代码) that powers AI ... 18.(2024·全国甲卷) That’s why this issue (一期;期号)of Writer’s Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending. 19.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) We should take more effective measures to preserve (保护) the endangered species from extinction. 20.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further (进一步)divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion,the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.balance n.平衡;均匀;余额 vt.使平衡;权衡;使相等
①She had always dreamed of becoming a famous singer,but now she had to balance her high expectations against the fierce competition of the music industry.
②[倡议信] We advocate for a balanced (balance) approach that promotes economic growth while protecting environmental sustainability.
③[建议信] 我建议你在学习和娱乐之间保持平衡。
I suggest you should keep a balance between study and entertainment.
④[场景描写] 他失去了平衡,滚下了陡峭的斜坡,拼命地抓住树枝试图阻止自己坠落。
He lost his balance and rolled down the steep slope,grasping at branches in a desperate attempt to stop his fall.
2.likely adj.可能的;有希望的 adv.可能地
①[心理描写] 凶猛的野兽很可能躲藏在黑漆漆的灌木丛中,我顿时感到脊背发凉。
→ It was likely that fierce wild beasts were hiding in the dark bushes,so I felt a chill running down my spine immediately.(it作形式主语;likely)
→Fierce wild beasts were likely to be hiding in the dark bushes,so I felt coldness spreading down my spine instantly.(be likely to do)
→It was probable that fierce wild beasts were hiding in the dark bushes,my back turned cold in an instant.(it作形式主语;probable)
②[建议信] 我建议你开始一个有规律的锻炼计划。如果你这样做,你很可能会感觉更有活力和健康。
I recommend that you start a regular exercise routine.It is likely that you will feel more energetic and healthy if you do so.
3.limit n.限度;限制;极限 vt.限制;限定
①[建议信] To stay focused,try to limit each study session to 45 minutes,followed by a short break.
②We must set a limit to/on the number of tourists to protect the old tower from being damaged.
③一个人的生命是有限的,但是为人民服务是无限的。我要把有限的生命投入到无限的为人民服务当中去。
There is a limit to one’s life,but there is no limit to serving the people.I’ll devote my limited life to the limitless job of serving the people.
4.prevent vt.阻止;阻碍;阻挠
①Effective prevention of infectious diseases requires preventive measures especially for preventable illnesses like measles.(prevent)
②[建议信] 我相信只要你全身心地投入学习,没有什么能阻挡你的进步。
I believe nothing could prevent/stop/keep you from making progress if you put your heart and soul into your study.
③[建议信] 植树造林能防止暴雨中的土壤流失。
Reforestation helps prevent/stop/keep soil from eroding in rainstorms.
5.contribute vi.& vt.捐献;捐助;贡献;撰稿
①In my opinion,reading the English newspaper regularly does contribute to improving my English level.
②[人物介绍] The scientist was rewarded by the government for having made such a great contribution (contribute) to the country.
③许多人都向环保机构捐款,这非常有助于当地环境的改善。一位记者写了一篇关于此事的文章并把它投到了当地的一家报社。
Many people contributed money to environmental protection organizations,which greatly contributed to the improvement of the local environment.A reporter wrote an article about it and contributed it to a local newspaper.
6.attempt n.& vt.企图;试图;尝试
①[日记] After several attempts (attempt),I finally rode the bike steadily.At that moment,I felt like I was flying.
②[动作描写] 在接下来的几天里,我们试图到处寻找我们的爱犬,但都是徒劳。
→In the next few days,we searched everywhere in an attempt to find our beloved dog,but it was in vain.(in an attempt)
→In the next few days,we attempted to find our beloved dog everywhere,but it was a wasted effort.(attempt to do)
→In the next few days,we made an attempt to find/at finding our beloved dog everywhere,but it was fruitless.(make an attempt)
7.lead to (to为介词) 导致;造成(后果);通往
①Anna’s strong desire for success led her to study (study) hard and finally she succeeded.
②[建议信] The lack of exercise and poor diet may lead to (导致) many health problems.
③[动作描写] With the old man leading the way/ The old man leading the way(有了那位老人带路),we finally walked out of the woods and thus we all breathed a sigh of relief.
8.turn to 向……求助;转向;致力于;翻到;查阅
①Please turn to page 98 and we’ll learn the new words.翻到
②After graduation,he became a lawyer,but later turned to journalism.转向
③You shouldn’t always turn to the dictionary when meeting new words in reading.查阅
④To my surprise,he didn’t turn down my invitation.He turned up at my birthday party and gave me a delicate gift.We had much fun.The party turned out to be successful.
9.not only置于句首引起的部分倒装
[教材原句] Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past,but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.
这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路,而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。
①Not only patience but also practical skills are required (require) for this job.
②[场景描写] 她的微笑不仅照亮了房间,而且温暖了在场每个人的心。
Not only did her smile light up the room but also it warmed the hearts of everyone present.
③[情感描写] 这个消息不仅令人惊讶,而且让人心碎。
The news was not only surprising but also heartbreaking.
④[场景描写] 那声音不是雷声,而是黑暗中逼近的脚步声。
The sound was not thunder but approaching footsteps in the dark.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] Not only had the countries found a path to the future ①that did not run over the relics of the past,but they had also learnt ②that it was possible for countries ③to work together to build a better tomorrow.
尝试分析:这是一个由“not only...but also...”所连接的并列复合句,not only位于句首,所以not only所在的分句应用部分倒装;①为that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词a path;②为that引导的宾语从句,其中it作形式主语,后面的动词不定式短语是真正的主语。
自主翻译:这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路,而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。
情境仿写:杰克不仅参加了学校举办的越野赛,而且认识到了通过锻炼来增强体质是很有必
要的。
Not only did Jack get involved in the cross-country running race which was organised by his school,but he also realised that it was necessary to build up his body by taking exercise.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.preserve
A.vt.保护　B.vt.维持……的原状;保存　C.vt.防止……腐坏;保鲜　D.n.腌菜
①Our logistics system preserves seafood freshness from ocean to table within 24 hours.　C　
②In an effort to preserve the ecological balance of the region,the government has implemented strict regulations on industrial development and waste management.　A　
③The company has managed to preserve its competitive edge in the market by continuously
innovating and adapting to changing consumer demands.　B　
④This shop sells organic blueberry preserves.　 D　
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
The latest issue① of the journal issued② a special report on climate change,discussing this critical global issue③.
最新①一期的期刊②公布了一份关于气候变化的特别报告,探讨这个关键的全球③议题。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)“People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating,” she says.
2.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) There,at the entrance (enter),was a cash machine.
3.(2024·全国甲卷)Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness,loneliness,or boredom.
4.(2024·北京卷) During my second year,I failed my comprehensive exam because my proposal (propose) was unclear.
5.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) These include encountering wildlife,walking along the edge of water,and following an established (establish) trail.
6.(2023·全国甲卷) The menu in this beautiful colonial house includes traditional (tradition)Thai cuisine combined with modern cooking methods.
7.The experience was meaningful.Not only did being exposed to nature spark my creativity (create) but also made me admire scenery.
8. Secondly,China’s high-speed train network has greatly improved travel efficiency and promoted (promote) connectivity between cities,facilitating economic growth and cultural exchange.
9. The essay should be original and related to the topic and can explore issues such as food waste,the importance of food resources,and personal practices of food conservation (conserve).
10.Then,divided into groups,we tried to identify (identity) different plants on campus,appreciating their breathtaking beauty.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 新闻报道—自然遗产保护—保护文化遗产
假设你是李华,上周五你们班级举办了一场以“保护中国传统文化遗产”为主题的讨论活动。请你为校英文报写一篇短文来报道此次活动。
[场景演练]
1.上周五,我们全班同学在学校礼堂围绕“保护中国传统文化遗产”这一主题展开了一场富有价值的讨论。(worthwhile)
Last Friday,our entire class engaged in a worthwhile discussion on “Preserving Traditional Chinese Cultural Heritage” in the school auditorium.
2.讨论的目的是提高学生对保护文化遗产重要性的认识。(preserve,heritage)
The purpose of this discussion was to raise awareness among students about the importance of preserving our cultural heritage.
3.首先,我们探讨了文化遗产保护的重要性。应防止任何可能损坏文化遗产的行为。(likely,prevent)
First,we talked about the importance of cultural heritage preservation.Any act likely to damage cultural heritage should be prevented.
4.学生们提出建议,学校应该在课程中加入更多关于传统文化遗产的内容。(make a proposal,traditional)
Students made a proposal that schools should incorporate more content about traditional cultural heritage into their curriculum.
5.其次,我们探讨了如何用现代科技来记录和修复文化遗产。(document)
Besides,we explored how modern technology can be utilised to document and restore cultural heritage.
6.这次讨论不仅教育了我们,也激励我们参与文化遗产保护。(take part in)
This discussion not only educated us but also motivated us to take part in cultural heritage preservation.
7.作为未来的接班人,我们有责任确保我们丰富的文化遗产传给后代。(make sure)
As the future successors,we have a responsibility to make sure that our rich cultural heritage is passed down to future generations.
[句式升级]
将第6句用not only置于句首引起的倒装进行改写升级。
Not only did this discussion educate us but it also motivated us to take part in cultural heritage preservation.
[连句成篇]
　　Last Friday,our entire class engaged in a worthwhile discussion on “Preserving Traditional Chinese Cultural Heritage”in the school auditorium.The purpose of this discussion was to raise awareness among students about the importance of preserving our cultural heritage.
First,we talked about the importance of cultural heritage preservation.Any act likely to damage cultural heritage should be prevented.Students made a proposal that schools should incorporate more content about traditional cultural heritage into their curriculum.Besides,we explored how modern technology can be utilised to document and restore cultural heritage.
Not only did this discussion educate us but it also motivated us to take part in cultural heritage preservation.As the future successors,we have a responsibility to make sure that our rich cultural heritage is passed down to future generations.
要求:请根据P40的线训练,再结合括号中的提示完成句式升级,并续写后续内容,使故事情节更加完整。
Last Friday,Lucy inquired me if she could borrow my newly purchased camera to take photos for a club event.After a moment’s hesitation,I agreed to her request.However,when she returned it,①with noticeable scratches on the camera lens (with复合结构),she stammered that she hadn’t touched the lens during use.Her claim didn’t hold water at all,thus I insisted that she should pay for it.②Never did she expect my demand(倒装句式) and,③with a stubborn look on her face(with复合结构),she refused,④walking away angrily(现在分词短语作状语).After that,our friendship seemed to have vanished along with this dispute.⑤I began to reflect on whether I had been too impulsive by not giving her enough opportunity to explain.Considering that we used to be such good friends,I went to find her so that I could eliminate the misunderstanding through face-to-face communication.
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　 　　adj.单独的;个别的 n.个人 2.　　　　 adj.最重要的;最高级别的 n. (公司或机构的)首领;酋长 3.　　　　 adj.附近的;邻近的 adv.在附近 4.　　　　 n.战役;搏斗 vi.& vt.搏斗;奋斗 5.　　　　 n.港口(城市) 6.　　　　 n.收费;指控;主管 vt.收费;控告;充电 7.　　　　 n.金额;数量 8.　　　　　　n.(艺术作品的)展览馆;画廊 9.　　　　 n.方法;途径;接近 vt.接近;接洽;着手处理 vi.靠近 10.　　　　 n.位置;姿态;职位 vt.安装;安置 11.　　　　 n.点心;小吃 12.　　　　 n.诗人 13.　　　　 n.大海;海洋 14.　　　　 n.酒吧;酒馆 15.　　　　 n.风俗;习俗;习惯
阅 读 词 汇 1.Confucius　　　　　　　　　　 2.mansion n.　　　　　　　 3.cemetery n.　　　　　　　 4.philosophy n.　　　　　　　 5.descendant n.　　　　　　　 6.heel n.　　　　　　　 7.kingdom n.　　　　　　　 8.currency n.　　　　　　　 9.military adj.　　　　　　　 10.conquer vt.　　　　　　　 11.landscape n.　　　　　　　 12.butter n.　　　　　　　 vt.　　　　　　　 13.honey n.　　　　　　　　 14.ancestor n.　　　　　　　 15.courtyard n.　　　　　　　 16.county　　n.　　　　　　　 17.feast n.　　　　　　　 18.roll vi.& vt.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 19.dot n.　　　　　　　 vt.　　　　　　　 20.cattle n.　　　　　　　 21.roar vi.& n.　　　　　　　 22.scent n.　　　　　　　 23.wine n.　　　　　　　 24.beer n.　　　　　　　 25.stew n.　　　　　　　 vt.& vi.　　　　　　　 26.sensory adj.　　　　　　　 27.transition n.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 n.谜;智力游戏;疑问 vt.迷惑;使困惑→　　　　 adj.困惑的;迷惑不解的→　　　　 adj.令人迷惑的 2.　　　　 vi.应在(某处);适应→　　　　 n.归属感→　　　　 n.所有物 3.　　　　 n.防御;保卫;保护;辩护→ 　　　　 vt.防御;保卫;保护;(为……)辩护→　　　　 adj.防御的;保护的;保卫的 4.　　　　 adj.法律的;合法的→　　　　 adj.不合法的→　　　　 adv.不合法地;非法地 5.　　　　 vt.围绕;包围→　　　　 adj.周围的;附近的→　　　　 n.环境 6.　　　　 n.证据;证明→　　　　 adj.清楚的;明白的;显而易见的;显然的 7.　　　　 n.地方;地点;位置→　　　　 vt.位于;坐落于 8.　　　　 adj.极有吸引力的;迷人的 →　　　　 vt.使着迷;使神魂颠倒→　　　　 adj.入迷的;极感兴趣的→　　　　 n.魅力;极大的吸引力;入迷;着迷 9.　　　　 vt.宣布;通知;声称→　　　　 n.公告;通告;发表→　　　　 n.广播员 10.　　　　 vt.保证;确保;担保→ 　　　　 adj.确信的;可靠的 11.　　　　 adj.慷慨的;大方的;丰富的→　　　　 n.慷慨;大方;宽宏大量 12.　　　　 adj.热切的;渴望的→　　　　 n.渴望;热心 13.　　　　 vt.问候;迎接→　　　　 n.问候;招呼 14.　　　　 adj.引人注目的;显著的→ 　　　　 adv.引人注目地;显著地→　　　　 v.撞;碰;打;击;侵袭;突击;罢工;突然想到;让(某人)觉得 n.罢工;袭击;击;打 15.　　　　 n.成就;成绩;达到 →　　　　 vt.完成;达到 16.　　　　 n.人群;一群人;民众 vt.挤满;使……拥挤→　　　　 adj.人(太)多的;拥挤的;充满的;挤满的
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　　　把……和……连接或联结起来 2.　　　　　　　 脱离;背叛;逃脱 3.　　　　　　　 导致 4.　　　　　　　 属于 5.　　　　　　　 同(一样也);和;还 6.　　　　　　　　　　留下 7.　　　　　　　 追溯至 8.　　　　　　　 留心;留意 9.　　　　　　　 对……有很大的影响 10.　　　　　　　 点缀 11.　　　　　　　 编造;化妆;组成
重 点 句 型 1.那么,如果这些名称有区别的话,区别何在 (if条件句的省略) So what is the difference between them,　　　　 2.他们在英格兰四处修建城堡,并改革了法律制度。(have+sth+done) They 　　　　　　　　　　 all around England,and made changes to the legal system. 3.像拥有同样的货币和国防一样,他们也使用同一面国旗。 (as well as) They use the same flag,known as the Union Jack,　　　　　　　　share the same currency and military defence. 4.“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美,郡县草木葱茏,青山连绵起伏,牛羊点缀其中,堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。(with复合结构) 　The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes,　　　 　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 5.他们引进了最初的英语,并且改变了人们建造房屋的方式。(way 作先行词的定语从句) They introduced the beginnings of the English language,and changed the way 　　　　　　　　　　　　. 6.乡村景色如此优美,在爱尔兰形成这些浓郁的包括音乐、舞蹈以及餐饮方面的传统就一点也不让人觉得奇怪了。 (It’s not surprising that ...) With all this beauty,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music,dancing,and dining.
动词变名词的后缀“-ion” 集锦:
①locate→location地方;地点;位置　　　　②fascinate→fascination魅力　　
③intend→intention意图
④introduce→introduction介绍 ⑤connect→connection联系 ⑥discuss→discussion讨论
⑦protect→protection保护 ⑧suggest→suggestion建议 ⑨act→action 行动
⑩communicate→communication 交流 interact→interaction互动
direct→direction方向
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)That left a house still stuffed with things that,while not particularly valuable,didn’t 　　　　(应在某处) in a landfill (垃圾填埋场). 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)She had prepared lots of 　　　　 (snack),while my job was to have the backyard in order. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)New solid-state batteries will take a car farther on a single 　　　 (充电). 4.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Such an inviting column,adopting a “description and guess”　　　　 (方法),must expose everyone to others’ characteristics,thus strengthening mutual understanding. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)This energy transition (　　　　) is global,and the 　　　　 (数量)of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. 6.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy(　　　　),according to Tu Ningning,who is in 　　　　 (主管) of the exhibition. 7.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)“　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(他们演示的方式) how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice,” Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay,an environmental engineer at the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research,tells New Scientist. 8.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)They could have written pages on the necessity of computers,but writing,in and of itself,simply didn’t strike (　　　　　　　　) them as important. 9.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)The “sunshine scent (　　　　)” of freshly sunned clothes is one of them. 10.(2025·浙江1月卷)Interlibrary Loan (ILL) provides teachers,students and staff with access to books that are checked out or not owned by our own libraries,　　　　　　　　(还) digitized copies of articles and book chapters from our collection. 11.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)“You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute,a three-minute,or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost,the 　　　　 (最高级别的) communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit — known as BART. 12.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)The innovative design requires little effort to 　　　　 (完成;达到)a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens. 13.(2024·浙江1月卷)Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts,no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies.Hence,private climate engineering can proceed in relative 　　　　 (法律的) safety. 14.(2024· 北京卷)I shaped 　　　　 (单独的;个别的) letters into repeating lines,which were abstract forms,delightful but meaningless patterns.
15.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)In more technical terms,the wisdom of 　　　　 (crowd)requires that people’s estimates be independent. 16.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic 　　　　(location),we make sure there is always a bike available for you. 17.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt,most are eager 　　　　(try) something new. 18.(2023·上海卷)The king listened to both sides of the story.He then asked,“Who among you can tell me how many seeds are in the fruit of the baobab tree ” The farmers looked at each other,　　　　 (puzzle).
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.puzzle n.谜;智力游戏;疑问 vt.迷惑;使困惑
①[神态描写] When the little girl was asked such a 　　　　 question,she stood there with a
　　　　 look on her face.(puzzle)
②These scientists have been puzzling 　　　　 how to solve the environmental problem.
③令莉莉的朋友困惑的是,为什么她总是有如此多疯狂的想法。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 is why she always has so many crazy ideas.
2.defence(=defense) n.防御;保卫;保护;辩护
①The core of 　　　　 is to take some 　　　　 measures to 　　　　 ourselves from attacks.(defence)
②[动作描写] He stepped back appearing surprised and covered his head with his hands 　　　　　　　　　　　 (似乎是为了防卫).
③我必须为她辩护,因为她工作非常努力。
I must stand up 　　　　　　　　　　　　,for she works so hard.
④More and more people today have learnt to arise 　　　　　　　　 (为了保卫) their legal rights.
3.surround vt.围绕;包围
①[建议信] Surrounding yourself 　　　　 people who’ll provide you with support can be very beneficial.
②[动作描写] 她坐在长椅上,听着周围的鸟儿唱歌。
She sat on the bench,listening to the 　　　　 (surround) birds sing.
③[场景描写] 这座农场绿树环绕,坐落于我们学校附近的山脚下,一条小溪蜿蜒流过此处。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,the farm is located at the foot of the hill near our school.There is a small stream winding through the farm.
4.charge n.收费;指控;主管;责任 vt.收费;控告;充电
①I wonder how much the staff will charge us 　　　　 the six-week course.
②The man was charged 　　　　 causing a traffic accident.
③老板不在时,公司由汤姆负责。
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 when the boss is away.(in the charge of)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 when the boss is away.(in charge of)
④[报道]上周我们就市民们能否免费进入科技馆进行了激烈的辩论。
Last week we had a heated debate about whether citizens can access the Science Museum
　　　　　　　　　　　　.
①charge和accuse都有“指控;控告”之意,但是charge和with搭配,而accuse和of搭配。
②in charge of 多以人作主语,指“某人负责/主管某事”;in the charge of多以物作主语,指“某物由某人负责/掌管”。类似的还有in possession of,in the possession of;in control of,in the control of。
5.amount n.金额;数量 vi.总计;合计
①[日记] Large amounts of honey and butter 　　　　 (be) used to make this kind of snack.
②A large amount of money 　　　　(be) spent on the construction of the school last year.
③It was tiring work,but I looked forward to the pay,even though I wasn’t sure how much it would amount 　　　　.
④[倡议信] 地球上淡水的数量是有限的,因此我们在日常生活中需要节约用水。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,so we need to save it in our daily lives.
常见的表示“许多,大量”的词/词块有:
①只修饰不可数名词:a great deal of,much,a large sum of,a large amount of/large amounts of等。
②只修饰可数名词复数:many,quite a few,a good/great many,a (great/large) number of,scores of,dozens of等。
③既可以修饰可数名词复数也可以修饰不可数名词:a mass of/masses of,a large quantity of/large quantities of,a lot of/lots of,plenty of等。
6.approach n.方法;途径;接近vt.接近;接洽;着手处理vi.靠近;临近
①As our team 　　　　 the problem,we realised that Tim’s 　　　　 might be the most effective.(approach)
②China’s approach for 　　　　 (protect) its environment while feeding its citizens offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide.
③随着高考的临近,我们都在忙着为高考做充分的准备。
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,we are busy making full preparations for it.(with复合结构)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,we are busy making full preparations for it.(as引导时间状语从句)
注意“(做)某事的方法”的正确搭配:
①an approach for (doing) sth　　　　　②the way to do/of (doing) sth
③the means of (doing) sth ④the method of (doing) sth
7.eager adj.热切的;渴望的
①[心理描写] 当被问到他是否想要一份生日礼物的时候,这个男孩无法掩饰他的渴望。
When asked whether he wanted a gift for his birthday,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
②[神态描写] 她急切地打开礼盒,眼中闪烁着期待的光芒。
She 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,her eyes shining with anticipation.
③[申请信] 我渴望参加您在邮件中提到的志愿者活动。
I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the volunteer activity you mentioned in the email.
8.belong to属于;是……的成员;是……的组成部分
①[推荐信] Mount Huangshan belongs 　　　　 World Cultural and Natural Heritage,making it one of China’s most treasured destinations that I highly recommend you to visit.
②Having sold most of his 　　　　(belong),he almost had nothing left in his house.
9.as well as同(一样也);和;还
①The equipment,as well as those books,　　　　　　　　 (donate) to the local school so far.
②[求助信] As well as 　　　　 (have) difficulty adapting myself to the new school life,I found the cultural difference was another challenge for me.
③学习英语需要耐心以及练习。
Learning English requires 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
④[建议信] In my view,it is a good idea to bring a bunch of flowers and a box of chocolate.
→In my view,it is a good idea to bring a bunch of flowers 　　　　　　　　 a box of chocolate.
as well as遵循“就远原则”。与之用法类似的还有such as;like;rather than;with;along with; together with;but;except;besides;in addition to;apart/aside from等。
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] Almost ①everywhere you go in the UK,you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people ②who took over at different times throughout history.
尝试分析:本句为主从复合句。主句为you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people,其中you为主语,谓语为will be surrounded,使用了一般将来时的被动语态。①是由everywhere引导的　　　　从句,②是由who 引导的　　　　从句,修饰先行词　　　　。
自主翻译:
情境仿写:无论你身处中国何处,你将会被当地勤劳且友好的人们制作的美食所吸引。
Almost 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,you will be attracted by the delicious food made by local people 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.crowd(ed)
A.n.人群　　　　 B.n.群众;民众;老百姓
C.adj.拥挤的 D.v.聚集;涌向
E.vt.& vi.(想法或观点)涌入(脑海)
①In France,quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率).You can tell this by café life.French cafés are always crowded.　　　
②As soon as I saw crowds of people down there,my heart beat so fast that I was unable to say a single word.　　　
③The government’s new policy aims to benefit the common crowd.　　　
④On hearing what he said,a lot of confused thoughts crowded my brain.　　　
⑤During rush hour,passengers crowd into the subway trains.　　　
2.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·北京卷)In the ninth grade,I went in for my first group interview for a leadership position as a shy girl.　　　　　　　
②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)According to this theory,people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media,which are often not so serious,and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print.　　　　　　　　
③(2023·浙江1月卷)Read a book,knit,do a crossword puzzle,or simply watch the world unfold outside the window.　　　　　　　
④(2023·天津3月卷)After some wild warm up,I charged into the lake along with others.　　　
⑤(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)For instance,the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.　　　　　　　
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·浙江1月卷)When women are put into 　　　　 (position)of leadership like running companies,it reduces negative stereotypes about women.
2.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)In addition,there’s no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the 　　　　 (surround) environment.
3.(2024· 北京卷)Conflict was often resolved in musical 　　　　 (battle).
4.(2024·北京卷) I was reading a book in the classroom when there was an 　　　　(announce).
5.(2024·北京卷)In humans,a greatly enlarged brain boosts self-control,just as it boosts problem-solving skills in the social as well 　　　　 the physical world.
6.(2024·北京卷)Once a pair has been determined to be suitable,the students will be contacted
　　　　 (individual) with a special permission number to register for the programme.
7.(2023·天津6月卷)However,new studies have shown that dogs can read human behaviour and have a preference to people who are more friendly or 　　　　 (generosity) with food.
8.The 　　　　 (locate) of this ancient castle on the hilltop provides a breathtaking view of the surrounding landscape.
9.This old watch 　　　　 (belong) to my family has been passed down through generations.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 演讲稿—地理概况—介绍家乡
　　假设你是李华,你即将参加一个中学生演讲比赛,演讲主题为“My Hometown”,请根据以下内容写一篇英文演讲稿。
[场景演练]
1.我叫李华。我很荣幸站在这里介绍我的家乡——重庆。(honour)
2.重庆,因其多山而被称为“山城”,又因其多雾而被称为“雾都”,是一个三面环山的美丽城市。(surround)
3.这里引人注目的风景吸引了来自全世界的游客。(striking,attract)
4.而且这座城市迷人的夜景,包括数百万盏灯以及它们在河上的倒影,将给游客留下深刻的印象。(fascinating,as well as)
5.由于气候炎热潮湿,人们对麻辣火锅产生了偏好,吃麻辣火锅是重庆的一种特殊习俗,而且麻辣火锅也是众多来此地的游客的盛宴。(custom,crowd)
6.这里的人们慷慨好客,欢迎国内外的每一位游客。(generous)
7.如果你来到这里,你一定会爱上它的!(fall in love with)
[句式升级]
将第6句用现在分词作状语进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
要求:请根据P86的线训练,再结合括号中的提示完成句式升级,并续写后续内容,使故事情节更加完整。
　　As the eager audience settled into their seats,the atmosphere buzzed with anticipation for the evening’s comedy show.As the lights dimmed,a comedian took the stage,and the audience immediately broke into broad smiles.His opening joke ①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　 (so ... that...引导结果状语从句).Within minutes,the entire auditorium exploded with laughter,②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (独立主格结构).At the performance’s climax,the audience was grinning from ear to ear.When the comedian delivered his vivid celebrity impersonation,everyone screamed with laughter,③　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　 (with复合结构).④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (现在分词短语作伴随状语),the comedian beamed at the audience,basking in the audience’s cheers and applause,
⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (独立主格结构).⑥　
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.classical　　　adj.古典的;经典的 2.soul n.灵魂;心灵 3.virtual adj.很接近的;事实上的;虚拟的 4.opportunity n.机会;时机 5.ordinary adj.普通的;平凡的 6.award vt.授予 n.奖品 7.composer n.作曲者;作曲家 8.phenomenon n.现象 9.stage　　 　n.(发展或进展的)时期;阶段;(多指剧场中的)舞台 10.nowadays adv.现在;目前 11.cure vt.治愈;治好(疾病);解决(问题) n.药物;治疗;(解决问题、改善糟糕情况的)措施 12.impact n.巨大影响;强大作用;冲击力 13.piano n.钢琴 14.moreover adv.而且;此外
阅 读 词 汇 1.hip-hop　　n.嘻哈音乐;嘻哈文化 2.techno n.泰克诺音乐(一种电子音乐) 3.bagpipes n.[pl.]风笛 4.stringed adj.有弦的 5.onto prep.(朝)向 6.studio n.演播室;(音乐的)录音棚;工作室 7.altogether adv.(用以强调)全部;总共 8.thus adv.如此;因此 9.band n.乐队;带子 10.rap n.快速敲击;说唱音乐 vi.& vt.敲击;(说唱歌中的)念白 11.romantic adj.浪漫的 n.浪漫的人 12.album　　　　n.相册;集邮簿;音乐专辑 13.disease n.(疾)病 14.ache vi.& n.疼痛 15.lean vt.(leant/leaned,leant/leaned)依靠;倾斜 16.being n.身心;存在;生物 17.somehow adv.以某种方式(或方法);不知怎么地 18.rhetorical adj.修辞的 19.metaphor n.暗喻;隐喻 20.personification n.拟人;人格化;化身 21.simile n.明喻 22.outline n.& vt.概述;概要
拓 展 词 汇 1.energy n.能源;能量;精力→energetic adj.精力充沛的→energetically adv.精力充沛地 2.composition n.成分;(音乐、艺术、诗歌的)作品→composer n.作曲者;作曲家→compose vt.作曲;创作(音乐) 3.perform vi.& vt.表演;履行;执行;工作,运转→performance n.表演;演技;表现;执行;履行→performer n.表演者;演员 4.enable vt.使能够;使可能→able adj.能够→ability n.能力→unable adj.不能的;没有能力的 5.prove vt.证明;展现→proof n.证据 6.conductor n.(乐队、合唱团等的)指挥;(公共汽车的)售票员→conduct vt.指挥;指导 7.original adj.原来的;独创的;原作的 n.原件;原作→originally adv.原来;起初→originate vi.起源;发源 vt.创立;开创→origin n.起源;起因 8.gradual adj.逐渐的;渐进的→gradually adv.逐渐地;渐进地 9.capable adj.有能力的;有才能的→capability n.能力→incapable adj.没有能力的 10.relief n.(焦虑、痛苦的)减轻或消除;(不快过后的)宽慰、轻松或解脱→relieve vt.减轻;缓解;解除→relieved adj.感到宽慰的;放心的
拓 展 词 汇 11.previous adj.先前的;以往的→previously adv.先前地 12.unemployed adj.失业的;待业的→employed adj.被雇用的→employ vt.雇用;使用;利用→employer n.雇用者;雇主;老板→employee n.受雇者;雇员→employment n.工作;职业;就业;雇用;使用;利用 13.aim n.目的;目标 vi.& vt.力求达到;力争做到;瞄准 vt.目的是;旨在→aimless adj.没有方向的;无目标的→aimlessly adv.漫无目的地;无目标地 14.equipment n.设备;装备→equip vt.装备;配备 15.talent n.天才;天资;天赋→talented adj.天才的;有天赋的 16.assume vt.以为;假设→assumption n.假设→assuming conj.假设;假定 17.addition n.添加;加法;增加物→additional adj.附加的;额外的→add vt.添加;补充说 18.treatment n.治疗;对待;处理→treat vt.治疗;对待;处理 n.乐趣;款待 19.satisfaction n.满足;满意;欣慰 →satisfy vt.使满意→satisfied adj.满意的→satisfying adj.令人满意的 20.various adj.各种不同的;各种各样的→variety n.多样性→vary vi.变化;相异 21.repetition n.重复;重做→repeat vt.重复→repeated adj.重复的→repeatedly adv.重复地 22.reaction n.反应;回应→react vi.起反应;回应
重 点 词 块 1.stringed instrument　　　弦乐器 2.virtual choir 虚拟合唱团 3.come up with 提出 4.together with 和……一起 5.fall in love with 爱上 6.on stage 在舞台上 7.absorbed in sth/sb 被……吸引住;专心 致志 8.aim for 以……为目标 9.set sth up　　　　　　　安装好(设备或机器) 10.try out 参加……选拔(或试演) 11.in addition (to sb/sth) 除……以外(还) 12.have an impact on 对……有影响 13.from (then) on 从(那)时起 14.get through (设法)处理;完成 15.turn out 结果是 16.pay off 还清;得到回报
重 点 句 型 1.事实证明,它对许多人的生活产生了积极的影响。(prove to be+n./adj.) It has proved to be a positive influence on the lives of many people. 2.正如一位虚拟合唱团成员所说:“音乐帮助我……忘记自己的问题。音乐让我脱胎换骨。”(as引导的非限制性定语从句) As one virtual choir member said,“Music helps me to...forget my problems.With music,I become someone else.” 3.他被这段音乐打动了,他说:“那种(兴奋的)感觉就如同是第一次看见色彩一样。”(过去分词短语作原因状语) Moved by this music,he said,“It was like seeing color for the first time.” 4.非常荣幸来到这里与大家分享音乐是如何影响了我的人生的。(It’s an honour to do sth) It’s an honour to be here and to share with you the story of how music has had an impact on my life. 5.在那时,音乐可以帮助你,就像它曾经帮助我一样。(way作先行词的定语从句) During those times,music can help you in the same way that it helped me.
动词变名词的后缀“-(a)tion” 集锦:
①compose→composition成分;(音乐、艺术、诗歌的)作品　　　
②addict→addiction添加;增加物
③satisfy→satisfaction满足;满意　　
④organise→organisation组织　　
⑤apply→application应用
⑥demonstrate→demonstration演示
⑦determine→determination决心
⑧educate→education教育
⑨operate→operation手术
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces,the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces,and the energy(能量) flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings,sculptures,digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)The team focused only on three common types—polystyrene,polyethylene and polypropylene—and they didn’t study other chemicals previously(previous) found in water such as vinyl chloride. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment(treat) plants so they remove microplastics. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)It’s also home to an ancient library.One of the four original(原来的) copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Does your soul(灵魂) die a little every time you throw away unused food 6.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)However,I soon found that by doing so,I might be losing something more important: the opportunity (机会;时机) to share a small part of my cultural identity. 7.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)“Students who are around plants perform (performance) better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants,” says Knuth. 8.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)These effects aren’t just short-term but have been proved (prove) to affect a teen’s well-being in the years to come. 9.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Volunteering makes you feel capable (有能力的) and inspires you to make the most of each day. 10.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)You may even learn that your kid has a talent(天资;天赋) you didn’t know about before. 11.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)“People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction (satisfy) rating,” she says. 12.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief (relieve). 13.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out.Such structured thinking,followed by global regulation,will enable (able) us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. 14.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Minimize impact (巨大影响;强大作用) and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. 15.(2024·全国甲卷)That’s why this issue (期) of Writer’s Digest aims (aim) to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you’re doing. 16.(2024·浙江1月卷)Then I noticed folk conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous books on various (variety) subjects there. 17.(2024·北京卷)After two months we were all prepared and ready to go on stage (舞台). 18.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)I went to my teacher’s office after the award (奖品) presentation. 19.(2023·全国乙卷)Where else can you see young players playing within ten days—classical works and Russian traditional music before coming to the final stage (时期;阶段) 20.(2023·浙江1月卷)“These pollinator-friendly solar farms can have a valuable impact on everything that’s going on in the landscape,” says Macknick. 21.(2023·北京卷)The 4-Week Learning Sprint,which will take place during November 2023,is a virtual (虚拟的) learning programme. 22.(2023·北京卷)This is when a pop star draws far more attention than,say,gradual (逐渐的;渐进的) biodiversity decline.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.perform vi.& vt.表演;履行;执行;工作,运转
①[动作描写]She performed (perform) the dance at the centre of the stage,moving her body lightly,with hair flying as she danced,like a lively butterfly flying through a sea of flowers.
②[通知]明天,喜剧演员们要在剧院进行一场表演。
Tomorrow,the comedians will give/put on a performance in the theatre.
③[主旨升华] 认真履行职责,你就会赢得他人持久的信任。
Perform your duties seriously,and you will gain enduring trust from others.
2.prove vt.证明;展现
①My deskmate proved to be (be) an honest friend.
②The scientist proved his theory to the sceptics with solid data.
③老桥在她脚下咯吱作响,其风化的木板证明,即使是看似坚不可摧的东西,时间也会在其上面留下痕迹。
The old bridge creaked under her feet,its weathered planks proving time had left marks even on things that seemed too strong to break.
④[投诉信] 事实证明,您的产品质量差给我造成了极大的不便和损失。
It is proved that the poor quality of your product has caused significant inconvenience and loss to me.
3.award vt.授予;奖励;判定 n.奖;奖品;奖金;奖学金
①The scientist received an award for his groundbreaking discovery.
②[动作描写] 她郑重地将一份荣誉证书授予这位志愿者,双手递出,眼神里满是对无私奉献的敬意。
She awarded the volunteer an honorary certificate seriously,handing it out with both hands,and her eyes were full of respect for selfless dedication.
③基金会为该研究团队的项目拨了一笔资助金。
→The foundation awarded a grant to the research team for their project.(award sth to sb)
→The foundation awarded the research team a grant for their project.(award sb sth)
4.relief n.(焦虑、痛苦的)减轻或消除;(不快过后的)宽慰、轻松或解脱
①[动作描写]He laughed in/with relief,patting his friend’s shoulder—they’d finally found the right road after getting lost.
②To our relief,the new method proved to be effective and efficient.
③[神态描写] 当他看到试卷上的优异成绩时,他脸上露出了欣慰的笑容,所有的努力终于有了回报。
His face broke into a relieved smile when he saw his excellent score on the exam paper,all the efforts finally paying off.
5.cure vt.治愈;治好(疾病);解决(问题) n.药物;治疗;(解决问题、改善糟糕情况的)措施
①[主旨升华]Face problems directly,and you will find the cure for life’s difficulties.
②Traditional Chinese medicine cured me of my insomnia.
③If the disease was cured in a timely way,the patient was likely to recover.
→If cured in a timely way,the patient was likely to recover.(if条件句的省略)
→Cured in a timely way,the patient was likely to recover.(过去分词短语作状语)
6.aim n.目的;目标 vi.& vt.力求达到;力争做到;瞄准 vt.目的是;旨在
①[动作描写] He wandered aimlessly (aimless) along the empty street,hands in pockets,eyes glued to the cracks in the sidewalk—he didn’t know where to go after the argument.
②[倡议信]Our school’s environmental protection initiative aims to raise (raise) students’ awareness of sustainable living.
③[推荐信]这位候选人旨在人工智能领域开展进一步研究,我相信他出色的学术背景和强大的研究能力将有助于他实现这一目标。
This candidate aims to pursue further studies in the field of artificial intelligence,and I believe his excellent academic background and strong research ability will help him achieve this aim.
7.assume vt.以为;假设
①[2024·浙江1月卷] For a few months after the “library”opened,I didn’t bother taking a look,as I had assumed (assume) that it would be stuffed full of cheesy love stories.
②He didn’t bring an umbrella on the assumption that it wouldn’t rain.
③If you make an assumption (assume) that something is true or will happen,you accept that it is true or will happen.
④[演讲稿] It is assumed that (一般认为) AI will transform future work patterns.
8.absorbed in sth/sb被……吸引住;专心致志
①Besides,we can absorb all kinds of resources to learn more efficiently.vt.吸收(信息、知识等)
②Many little shops have been absorbed into big businesses in recent years.vt.吞并;合并;吸纳
③Tom was absorbed in his work,so he forgot to inform me of the meeting.
→Absorbing himself in his work,Tom forgot to inform me of the meeting.(现在分词短语作状语)
→Absorbed in his work,Tom forgot to inform me of the meeting.(过去分词短语作状语)
→Tom was so absorbed in his work that he forgot to inform me of the meeting.(so...that...)
→So absorbed was Tom that he forgot to inform me of the meeting.(so...that...的倒装句式)
9.get through (设法)处理;完成;度过;顺利通过;接/打通(电话);用完;耗尽
我首先需要克服自己的羞怯,然后开始努力学习,这样我才能和同学们相处融洽并顺利地完成学业。此外,我想再次与儿时的朋友们取得联系,希望能向他们传达我的感受和经历。
I need to get over my shyness first and then get down to studying hard so that I can get along well with my classmates and complete my academy successfully.Besides,I want to get in touch with my childhood friends again and I hope I can get across my feelings and experiences to them.
10.过去分词(短语)作状语
[教材原句] Moved by this music,he said,“It was like seeing color for the first time.”
他被这段音乐打动了,他说:“那种(兴奋的)感觉就如同是第一次看见色彩一样。”
①[情感描写] 被这个突如其来的消息所震惊,她僵在原地,眼睛因难以置信而睁得大大的。
Shocked by the sudden news,she stood frozen,her eyes wide with disbelief.
②[建议信] 出于对环境的担忧,我真诚地希望您能考虑我的建议。
Concerned about/for the environment,I sincerely hope you can consider my suggestions.
③[通知] 展览定于下周在科学博物馆举行,旨在帮助学生们更好地了解中国的空间技术。
The exhibition is scheduled to be held in the Science Museum next week,aimed at helping students have a better understanding of China’s space technology.
11.way作先行词的定语从句
[教材原句] During those times,music can help you in the same way that it helped me.
在那时,音乐可以帮助你,就像它曾经帮助我一样。
①The way that/which combines theory and practice is highly praised.
②The way (that/which) our team designed helps finish the task faster.
③I admire the way (that/in which) he faces difficulties bravely.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] ①When he got absorbed in his world of music,he felt ②as if he could “see” the beauty of the world around him,like he had in his previous life.
尝试分析:本句是主从复合句。①是when引导的时间状语从句,he felt是主句的主语和谓语,②是as if引导的表语从句,此处是虚拟语气,表示与现在事实相反。
自主翻译:当他沉浸在他的音乐世界里时,他仿佛能“看到”周围世界的美,就像他之前的生活里拥有过一样。
情境仿写:当她沉浸在这个童话故事里时,她仿佛能 “尝到” 那个糖果的甜味,就像她在小时候吃过的一样。
When she got absorbed in this fairy tale,she felt as if she could “taste” the sweetness of that candy,like she had in her childhood.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.get through
A.使理解　　　　 B.接/打通(电话)
C.顺利通过 D.用完;耗尽
E.熬过 F.(设法)处理;完成
①I couldn’t get through to him because his telephone was out of order now and then.　B　
②The little boy got through all his money in just one week and had to ask his mum for some more.　D　
③Luckily,he got through the exam and his efforts paid off.　C　
④It was your encouragement and support that cheered me up and helped me get through the hard times.　E　
⑤I think you can get through the first two chapters.　F　
2.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·浙江1月卷)The man froze for a second,but when he saw the skinny boy he breathed a sigh of relief.n.轻松,解脱
②(2024· 新课标Ⅰ卷)He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians now practicing “holistic” medicine—combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture,chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine.n.治疗;疗法
③(2024·北京卷)While he held the notion that objective reality exists,he said our mind plays a necessary role in structuring and shaping our perceptions.Modern sciences have revealed that our perceptual experience of the world is the result of many stages of processing by sensory systems and cognitive (认知的) functions in the brain.n.阶段
④(2024·北京卷)Now that we are in the information age,we have new concepts such as the computer,information processing,virtual reality,and simulation.adj.虚拟的
Step 2　单句语法填空　　　　　　 　　　　　 　　　　　
1.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)She previously(previous)explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise ...the goal is to feel good,not look good.”
2.(2025·浙江1月卷)A novel design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide.Referred to as matrix planting,this approach aims (aim) for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden,and even some of the designing.
3.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)He became interested in alternative treatments(treatment) 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain.
4.(2024·浙江1月卷)Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts(impact),no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies.
5.(2024·浙江1月卷)Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connection between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various (variety) forms of success.
6.(2024·北京卷)At 1:10,there was a line outside the drama room.Everyone looked energetic (energy).
7.(2023·全国甲卷)You’ll then gradually (gradual) become more patient.
8.(2023·全国乙卷)After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks,we decided to photograph the scene at sunset.The position enabled (enable) us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background.
9.(2023·北京卷)People’s hesitancy to delay satisfaction (satisfy)is the most obvious example,but there are others.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 投稿—音乐—古典音乐演出
　　上周六你参加了学校学生会组织的古典音乐演出,请你为这次演出写一篇报道,向学校英语校报投稿。
[场景演练]
1.上周六,为了丰富学生的课余生活,我校学生会举办了一场古典音乐演出,这场演出使我印象十分深刻。(aim,classical)
Last Saturday, aiming to enrich students’ after-school life,a classical music show was held by the Students’ Union of our school,which impressed me a lot.
2.演出包括各种优秀的作品,生动地展示了古典音乐的历史。(various,composition)
The show included various excellent compositions and vividly showed the history of classical music.
3.它不仅使我们更好地了解古典音乐,还真正触动了我们的灵魂。(enable,soul)
It not only enabled us to better understand classical music,but also truly touched our soul.
4.学生们自创自演的表演确实令人印象深刻。(performance,compose,perform)
Performances that were composed and performed by students themselves were really impressive.
5.令我们满意的是,受这个演出的吸引,大多数学生都爱上了古典音乐。(satisfaction,fall in love with)
To our satisfaction,attracted by the show,most of the students fell in love with classical music.
6.因此,毫无疑问,这场演出是很成功的。(prove)
Therefore, there is no doubt that the show proved to be a great success.
[句式升级]
1.将第2句用非谓语动词作状语进行改写升级。
The show included various excellent compositions,vividly showing the history of classical music.
2.将第3句用倒装句进行改写升级。
Not only did it enable us to better understand classical music,but also truly touched our soul.
[连句成篇]
Last Saturday,aiming to enrich students’ after-school life,a classical music show was held by the Students’ Union of our school,which impressed me a lot.
The show included various excellent compositions,vividly showing the history of classical music.Not only did it enable us to better understand classical music,but also truly touched our soul.Performances that were composed and performed by students themselves were really impressive.
To our satisfaction,attracted by the show,most of the students fell in love with classical music.Therefore,there is no doubt that the show proved to be a great success.
cloud(使)模糊 water 湿润 with tears 满眼泪水 be dim with tears 泪眼蒙眬 blur (使)视线模糊 roll down 滚落 be drowned in tears 被泪水淹没 be in tears 泪流满面 well up 涌出 stream down 流淌而下 哭 choke 哽咽 weep 小声哭或无声流泪 sob 呜咽,啜泣 have a lump in one’s throat 哽咽 cry 大哭 be in floods of tears 失声痛哭 burst into tears/burst out crying 突然大哭 cry one’s eyes out 痛哭流涕 wipe (away) the tears 擦去眼泪 be close to tears 差点哭了 fight/hold back tears 抑制住泪水
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　　　vi.聊天;闲聊 2.　　　　 vt.流播(不用下载直接在互联网上播放音视频);流出 vi.流动 n.小河;溪流 3.　　　　 n.现金;金钱 4.　　　　 vt.更新;向……提供最新信息 n.更新;最新消息 5.　　　　 adj.卡住;陷(入);困(于) 6.　　　　 vt.& vi.浏览;冲浪 7.　　　　　　n.折扣 vt.打折 8.　　　　 n.账户;描述 9.　　　　 vt.& vi.点击 10.　　　　 n.目标;对象;靶子 vt.把……作为攻击目标 11.　　　　 adj.假的;错误的 12.　　　　 adj.特定的;特别的;讲究的 13.　　　　 adj.心烦的;苦恼的;沮丧的 vt.(　　　　,　　　　)使烦恼;使生气;搅乱
阅 读 词 汇 1.engine　　　n.　　　　　　　 2.database n.　　　　　　　 3.software n.　　　　　　　 4.network n.　　　　　　　 vt.　　　　　　　 vi.　　　　　　　 5.charity n.　　　　　　　 6.province n.　　　　　　　 7.conference n.　　　　　　　 8.resident n.　　　　　　　 adj.　　　　　　　 9.plus conj.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 prep.　　　　　　　 10.battery　 　n.　　　　　　　 11.Wi-Fi n.　　　　　　　 12.button n.　　　　　　　 13.file n.　　　　　　　 14.theft n.　　　　　　　 15.troll n.　　　　　　　　 16.cyberbully n.　　　　　　　 vt.& vi.　　　　　　　　 17.guideline n.　　　　　　　 18.author n.　　　　　　　　 19.tip n.　　　　　　　　 20.case n.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 n.博客 vi.写博客→　　　　 n.博客作者;博主 2.　　　　 n.身份;个性→　　　　 v.认出;鉴定 3.　　　　 adj.方便的;近便的→　　　　 n.方便;便利→(反义词)　　　　 n.不便;麻烦→　　　　 adj.不方便的;引起麻烦的 4.　　　　 n.益处 vt.使受益 vi.得益于→　　　　 adj.有益的;有利的 5.　　　　 n.距离→　　　　 adj.遥远的;远处的;疏远的→　　　　 adv.遥远地;疏远地 6.　　　　 vt.鼓舞;激励;启发思考→　　　　 n.灵感;鼓舞人心的人或事物→　　　　 adj.鼓舞人心的→　　　　 adj.备受鼓舞的;受启发的 7.　　　　 n.通道;(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会 vt.进入;使用;访问;获取→　　　　 adj.可接近的;可进入的;可使用的 8.　　　　 adj.艰难的;严厉的→　　　　 adv.粗暴地;猛烈地→　　　　 n.韧度;韧性 9.　　　　 vt.确认;使确信→　　　　 n.确认;证实 10.　　　　 vt.按,压;敦促→　　　　 n.压力;挤压;大气压→　　　　 adj.紧急的;急迫的 11.　　　　 n.隐私;私密→　　　　 adj.私人的;秘密的→　　　　 adv.私下地 12.　　　　 adj.粗鲁的;无礼的→　　　　 adv.粗鲁地;无礼地→　　　　 n.粗鲁;无礼 13.　　　　 adj.让人难堪(尴尬;害羞)的→　　　　 adj.尴尬的;窘迫的→　　　　 vt.使尴尬→　　　　 n.尴尬;窘迫 14.　　　　 adj.熟悉;熟知→　　　　 n.熟悉→(反义词)　　　　 adj.不熟悉的 15.　　　　 vt.给……下定义;界定;解释→　　　　 n.定义→　　　　 adj.未阐明的;未限定的 16.　　　　 n.功能;作用;机能 vi.起作用;正常工作;运转→　　　　 adj.实用的;功能性的;运转正常的
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　　　吸引读者的注意 2.　　　　　　　 排队等候 3.　　　　　　　 陪伴某人 4.　　　　　　　 申请 5.　　　　　　　 既然;由于 6.　　　　　　　 有机会上网 7.　　　　　　　 为……募捐 8.　　　　　　　 经历;度过;通读 9.　　　　　　　 状况良好 10.　　　　　　　　　 掌握……的最新消息;了解……的动态 11.　　　　　　　 取笑;戏弄 12.　　　　　　　 牢记 13.　　　　　　　 对……作出积极的评论 14.　　　　　　　 接管;取代 15.　　　　　　　 博文;博客帖子 16.　　　　　　　 (互联网上的)搜索引擎 17.　　　　　　　 身份证
重 点 句 型 1.讲述互联网如何使我们的生活变得更加方便的文章数不胜数。(how引导宾语从句) There are countless articles telling us 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 2.50岁时,她发觉自己失业了,困在家里,只有电脑相伴。(with复合结构) At age 50,she found herself out of work and stuck at home 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 3.她受到网友的启发,决定成立一个IT俱乐部来教年长一些的人们学习使用电脑和互联网。(so...that...引导结果状语从句) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 she decided to start an IT club to teach older people how to use computers and the Internet.
重 点 句 型 4.由于他有事情可做,并能够照顾好自己,他的女儿就有时间上大学了。(now that引导原因状语从句) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,his daughter has time to study at university. 5.然而,你越有礼貌,你被攻击的可能性就越小。(the+比较级...,the+比较级...) However,　　　　　　　　 polite you are,　　　　　　　　 likely it is you will be attacked.
动词变名词的后缀“-ence” 集锦:
①exist→existence 存在　　　②depend→dependence依赖　　　③refer→reference 参考
④occur→occurrence发生 ⑤prefer→preference偏好 ⑥differ→difference差别
⑦infer→inference推论 ⑧persist→persistence坚持 ⑨insist→insistence坚持
⑩emerge→emergence 出现 obey→obedience 服从 diverge→divergence分歧　
1.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷)Liquid ammonia is easy to keep and transport, but it is hard to ignite (点燃) and requires an engine (　　　　) redesign. 2.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷)Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks (　　　　) and kids had to play elsewhere. 3.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷)As the world races to decarbonise everything, it faces 　　　　 (特定的;特别的) problems with transportation— which 　　　　 (account) for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. 4.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷)Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth — they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, 　　　　 (stick) inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow. 5.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷)I had been so focused on keeping the party under control 　　　　 I failed to consider how important Toby was to my brother during this difficult time. 6.(2025· 新课标Ⅱ卷)They surrounded me, their questions pouring out like a 　　　 　(小河;溪流). 7.(2025· 新课标Ⅱ卷)If you’re among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health 　　　　 (benefit) of surrounding yourself with plants, don’t beat yourself up if one (or a few!) doesn’t make it. 8.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Volunteering makes you feel capable and 　　　　 (inspire) you to make the most of each day. 9.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective 　　　　(function) structure that is also beautiful. 10.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Also, there is a 　　　　(convenience) app that provides growing data in real time. 11.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Here are some tips (　　　　) on making wise decisions to minimize 　　　　 (press) on the places we visit and improve our experience. 12.(2023· 新课标Ⅰ卷)The goal of this book is to make the case (　　　　) for digital minimalism,including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works,and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.
13.(2023·北京卷)One of them is about how the most 　　　　 (access) information in the present affects decisions about the future. 14.(2023·北京卷)The 4-Week Learning Sprint is open to anyone, with the 　　　　(目标) audience aged between 20 and 28. 15.(2023· 北京卷)Please decide which part is 　　　　(错误的) in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. 16.(2023· 北京卷)Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, where thousands were attending a water conference(　　　　). 17.(2023·北京卷)　　　　(define) and uncontrolled, ALife drives its followers to repurpose old ideas and generate novelty.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.convenient adj.方便的;近便的;便利的
①[邀请信]We hope the meeting time is convenient 　　　　 you, as the conference room is located near the subway station for easy access.
②With this application,it’s convenient for travellers 　　　　　　　 (book) tickets instantly.
③如果您能尽早给我回信,我将不胜感激。
I would be extremely grateful if you could reply to my letter 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
①convenient作表语时,不用表示人的名词或代词作主语。
②convenience 意为“方便;便利”时,为不可数名词;意为“便利的事物或设施”时,为可数名词。
2.benefit n.益处 vt.使受益 vi.得益于
①Students who actively participate in group discussions benefit 　　　　 diverse perspectives, enhancing their critical thinking skills.
②[建议信]Regular meditation is highly 　　　　 (benefit) to reducing anxiety, as it helps calm the mind and regulate breathing.
③China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals 　　　　the benefit of all its citizens.
④[倡议信]经常锻炼会帮助孩子们建立对生活的积极态度,这将使他们受益良多。
Working out regularly can help children build a positive attitude towards life,which 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
3.distance n.距离
①[场景描写]　　　　 a distance,the herd of sheep looks like a white blanket on the green field.
②I love living downtown—cafés, bookstores, and the subway station are all 　　　　 walking distance.
③[环境描写]在远处看,这座山比以前更绿了。
The mountain 　　　　　　　　 appears greener than it was before.
④[心理描写]争吵过后,汤姆和杰瑞决定暂时相互保持距离,冷静下来好好想想。
After the argument,Tom and Jerry decided to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 for a while to cool off and think things over.
4.inspire vt.鼓舞;激励;启发思考;使产生(感觉或情感)
①[主旨升华]The 　　　　words of the elderly painter—“Art is not about perfection, but courage”—　　　　 the young student to abandon her fear and pick up the brush again.(inspire)
②[主旨升华]他充满智慧和鼓励的话语激励着我坚定不移地去追求自己的梦想。
His words of wisdom and encouragement 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　with unwavering determination.
③[感谢信] 在这个困难时期,您的勇气对我们所有人来说是一种激励。
Your courage in this difficult time is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
④许多艺术家从自然中汲取灵感,比如山和海洋。
Many artists 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,such as mountains and oceans.
5.access n.通道;(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会 vt.进入;使用;访问;获取
①To sum up,easy access to information and wide use make students use computers a lot.
　　　　　　　
②The access to the museum is via the south gate.　　　　　　　
③Students can access course materials through the school’s online learning platform.　　　　
④[建议信]鉴于你对中国文化很感兴趣,我建议你申请这所大学,在这里你可以接触到最好的中国文化。
→Considering your keen interest in Chinese culture,I suggest that you apply to this university, where you can 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(access n.)
→Given your keen interest in Chinese culture,I suggest that you apply to this university,where you can 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(access vt.)
→In view of your keen interest in Chinese culture,I recommend that you apply to this university, where 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(accessible adj.)
6.embarrassing adj.让人难堪(尴尬;害羞)的
①[心理描写] The 　　　　　　　　 moment when I tripped on stage during the speech left me so 　　　　　　　　 that my face turned red immediately. (embarrass)
②The little boy was embarrassed 　　　　　　　　 (admit) that he had broken the vase.
③[动作描写]令他尴尬的是,当老师叫他回答问题时,他感到耳朵泛红、双手发抖。
　　　　　　　　　　　　, he felt his ears redden and his hands tremble as the teacher called him to answer the question.
④[情感描写]坐在角落里,既尴尬又羞愧,她忍不住流下了眼泪。
Sitting in the corner,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, she couldn’t hold back her tears.
7.upset adj.心烦的;苦恼的;沮丧的;难过的 vt.(upset,upset)使烦恼;使生气;搅乱;打翻
①既沮丧又无助,我静静地站着,泪水顺着脸颊流下来。
　　　　　　　　　　　　,I stood silently,tears streaming down my cheeks.
②[心理描写]发现自己最爱的书被损坏了,她感到很沮丧。
She 　　　　　　　　　　　　 her favourite book had been damaged.
③[求助信]I was upset that I didn’t know how to get along with my roommates.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　 I didn’t know how to get along with my roommates.(what引导主语从句)
→I didn’t know how to get along with my roommates,　　　　　　　　　　　　.(which引导非限制性定语从句)
→　　　　　　　　　I didn’t know how to get along with my roommates.(it作形式主语)
8.case n.盒;箱;情况,情形;案件;论据,理由;事例;病例
①The teacher used a real-life case to illustrate the complex concept in class.　　　　　　　
②The hospital is treating a rare case of infectious disease. 　　　　　　　
③As is often the case, the simplest solution turns out to be the most effective.　　　　　　　
④ [主旨升华]你的经历证明了,在任何情况下我们都不应该放弃实现梦想的决心。
Your experience showed that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the determination to achieve our dreams.
⑤这一次他们选择待在一起,以防其他不寻常的事情发生。
This time,they chose to stay together,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
9.with 复合结构
[教材原句]At age 50,she found herself out of work and stuck at home with only her computer to keep her company.
50岁时,她发觉自己失业了,困在家里,只有电脑相伴。
①[场景描写]伴随着太阳升起,群山染上了金色。
　　　　　　　　　　　　, the mountains turned golden.
②[动作描写] 没有什么话可说,他转身离开,肩膀因挫败而耷拉下来。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,he turned away,his shoulders slumped in defeat.
③[动作描写]完成了所有的筹备工作,他高兴地跳了起来,眼中闪烁着兴奋的光芒。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, he jumped with joy,his eyes glittering with excitement.
④[心理描写]Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms and tears of shame and embarrassment welled up in his eyes.
→Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(with复合结构)
→Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(独立主格结构)
10.now that 引导原因状语从句
[教材原句]Now that he works and can take care of himself, his daughter has time to study at university.
由于他有事情可做,并能够照顾好自己,他的女儿就有时间上大学了。
①由于学校已经推出了在线学习平台,学生们可以随时访问课程资料。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, students can access course materials anytime.
②既然人工智能已经进入我们的日常生活,我们就需要学习如何正确使用它。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, we need to learn how to use it properly.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] She was ①so inspired by the people ②she met online that she decided to start an IT club③to teach older people how to use computers and the Internet.
尝试分析:这是一个主从复合句。句子主干是“主系表”结构。①是so...that...引导的　　　　　　从句,其中②是一个省略了关系词的　　　　从句,先行词是the people;③是动词不定式作　　　　。
自主翻译:
情境仿写:蒂姆被老师在课堂上播放的科学纪录片深深触动,以至于他决定从事环境研究工作。
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.go through
A.v.完成　　　　　　　　B.v.通过 C.v.仔细检查 D.v.经历
①Their father told their mother about what trouble the twins had gone through when making the porridge. 　　　
②I had just gone through one third of my homework. 　　　
③I would be very grateful if you could take some time to go through my composition and make necessary changes. 　　　
④The proposal might have gone through if all the members had been present. 　　　
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
Though the hiker wore boots made of tough① leather to withstand the rough terrain, she still faced tough ②challenges when navigating the stormy mountain trail, where the tough③ weather tested her endurance, and she had to stay tough④—both physically strong and mentally resilient—to make the tough⑤ decisions about which path to take, all while remembering her tough⑥ coach’s advice to never quit in the face of adversity.
尽管这位徒步旅行者穿着由①　　　　皮革制成的靴子以抵御崎岖的地形,但在穿越狂风暴雨的山间小径时,她仍面临着②　　　　挑战。在那里,③　　　　天气考验着她的耐力,而她必须保持④　　　　 —— 既要身体强健,又要心理坚韧 —— 才能做出关于选择哪条路的⑤　　　　决定,同时她还要始终牢记她那位⑥　　　　教练的建议:面对逆境永不言弃。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷)That left a house still stuffed with things that, while not 　　　　 (particular) valuable, didn’t belong in a landfill (垃圾填埋场).
2.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷)Dutch 　　　　(author)Thalia Verkade and Marco te Br mmelstroet are bothered by facts like these.
3.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health 　　　　(benefit).
4.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Groups of 5 or more require special arrangements and must 　　　　　　　　 (confirm) in advance.
5.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Two years later,a six-metre-tall pavilion, 　　　　 (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden,just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
6.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)We all know fresh is best when it comes to food.However,most produce at the store went 　　　　 weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table.
7.(2024·全国甲卷)Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level,the national parks,　　　　 particular,tend to catch our attention because of their large size and variety.
8.(2023· 新课标Ⅰ卷)Then he went around to local ponds and 　　　　 (stream)and brought back some plants and animals.
9.(2023· 新课标Ⅰ卷)There,you’ll find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup—and the wrappers 　　　　 (press) by hand rather than rolled.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 博客文章—信息安全—网络安全
　　网络带给我们很多便利,但是它也有弊端,其中一点就是安全问题。请你用英语写一篇博客文章,谈谈如何保证网络安全。
[场景演练]
1.尽管网络带给我们很多便利和好处,我们还是要面对网络安全的问题。(convenience,benefit,be faced with)
2.今天,我想写篇博客文章谈一谈网络安全问题。(blog)
3.首先,我们最好访问熟悉的网站,而且,我们要用强密码。(be familiar with)
4.更重要的是,要记住不要用公共电脑,因为它更有可能泄露我们的个人信息。(keep...in mind)
[句式升级]
用强调句型升级第4句。
[连句成篇]
灯光渐暗,一位喜剧演员登上了舞台,观众们的脸上立刻绽开了灿烂的笑容。他的开场笑话精妙绝伦,逗得观众开始轻声地笑。不到几分钟,整个演出厅爆发出哄堂大笑,欢快的笑声在大厅里回响。表演达到高潮时,观众们都笑得合不拢嘴。当喜剧演员表演了一段惟妙惟肖的名人模仿秀后,所有人都笑得前仰后合,眼泪直流。谢幕时,喜剧演员笑容满面地面对观众,沐浴在观众的欢呼声和掌声中,他的喜悦如同舞台灯光般灿烂夺目。
As the lights dimmed, a comedian took the stage, and the audience immediately ①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
His opening joke was brilliant, making the audience ②　　　　　　　　.
Within minutes, the entire auditorium ③　　　　　　　　　　　　, and the cheerful sound echoed through the hall.
At the performance’s climax, the audience ④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
When the comedian delivered his vivid celebrity impersonation, everyone ⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, and their tears streamed down their faces.
The comedian took his final bow and ⑥　　　　　　　　　　　　, basking in the audience’s cheers and applause, and his delight was as radiant as the stage lights.
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　　　n.庙;寺 2.　　　　 n.山峰 vt.爬上;骑上 vi.爬;登上 3.　　　　 adj.以前的;(两者中)前者的 4.　　　　 n.线索;提示 5.　　　　 n.抗议 vi.& vt.(公开)反对;抗议 6.　　　　 adj.可能的 adv.可能地 7.　　　　 n.委员会 8.　　　　 n.部;司;科 9.　　　　 n.基金;专款 10.　　　　 n.重要议题;争论的问题;一期;期号 vt.宣布;公布 11.　　　　　　n.行为;举止;管理方法 vt.组织;安排;带领 12.　　　　 n.文件;公文;(计算机)文档 vt.记录;记载(详情) 13.　　　　 adj.值得做的;值得花时间的 14.　　　　 vt.下载 n.下载;已下载的数据资料 15.　　　　 n.顶部;屋顶 16.　　　　 n.形象;印象 17.　　　　 prep.各处;遍及;自始至终 18.　　　　 n.质量;品质;素质;特征 adj.优质的;高质量的 19.　　　　 n.对比;对照 vt.对比;对照
阅 读 词 汇 1.heritage　　　n.　　　　　　　 2.relic n.　　　　　　　 3.cypress n.　　　　　　　 4.dam n.　　　　　　　 5.within prep.& adv.　　　　　　　 6.republic n.　　　　　　　 7.archaeologist n.　　　　　　　 8.pyramid n.　　　　　　　 9.process n.　　　　　　　　 vt.　　　　　　　 10.overseas adj.　　　　　　　 adv.　　　　　　　 11.exit n.　　　　　　　 vi.& vt.　　　　　　　 12.sheet　　　n.　　　　　　　 13.parade n.　　　　　　　 vi.　　　　　　　 14.mirror n.　　　　　　　 15.dragon n.　　　　　　　 16.digital adj.　　　　　　　 17.cave n.　　　　　　　 18.further adv.(far的比较级)　　　　　 19.opinion n.　　　　　　　 20.quote vt.　　　　　　　 21.paraphrase n.,vi.& vt.　　　　　 22.forever adv.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 adj.创造性的;有创造力的;有创意的→　　　　 vt.创造→　　　　 adv.创造性地;有创造力地→　　　　 n.创造性;创造力→　　　　 n.作品;创造→　　　　 n.创造者 2.　　　　 vt.保存;保护;维持 n.保护区→　　　　 n.保存;保留 3.　　　　 vt.促进;提升;推销;晋级→　　　　 n.提升;晋升;推销;促销 4.　　　　 n.申请(表);用途;运用;应用(程序)→　　　　 vi.& vt.申请;请求vt.应用,涂(油漆、乳剂)→　　　　 n.申请人 5.　　　　 n.平衡;均匀 vt.使平衡→　　　　 adj.均衡的;平衡的 6.　　　　 n.提议;建议→　　　　 vt.提议;建议 7.　　　　 vt.建立;创立→　　　　 n.建立;创立 8.　　　　 n.限度;限制vt.限制;限定→　　　　 adj.有限的→　　　　 adj.无限的→　　　　 n.限制;局限 9.　　　　 vt.阻止;阻碍;阻挠→　　　　 n.预防;防止;防范→　　　　 adj.预防性的;防备的→　　　　 adj.可预防的 10.　　　　 n.丧失;损失→　　　　 vt.丢失;损失→　　　　 adj.丢失的→　　　　 n.失败者 11.　　　　 n.捐款;贡献;捐赠;稿件→　　　　 vi.& vt.捐献;捐助→　　　　 n.捐款者;捐赠者 12.　　　　 vi.& vt.调查;研究→　　　　 n.调查;研究→　　　　 n.调查者;侦查员 13.　　　　 vt.(尤指向慈善机构)捐赠;赠送;献(血)→　　　　 n.捐赠;赠送→　　　　 n.捐赠者 14.　　　　 vi.消失;灭绝;消亡→　　　　 n.消失;灭绝;消亡→(反义词)　　　　 vi.出现→　　　　 n.出现;外表 15.　　　　 n.& vt.企图;试图;尝试→　　　　 adj.(犯罪等)未遂的 16.　　　　 adj.专业的;职业的 n.专业人员;职业选手→　　　　 n.职业;专业→　　　　 n.教授 17.　　　　 n.入口;进入→　　　　 v.进来;进入;加入;报名参加;登记 18.　　　　 vt.& vi.(　　　　,　　　　)原谅;宽恕 vt.对不起;请原谅→　　　　 n.原谅;宽恕;宽宏大量 19.　　　　 n.传统;传统的信仰或风俗→　　　　 adj.传统的;习俗的;惯例的→　　　　 adv.传统地 20.　　　　 adj.历史上著名(或重要)的;有史时期的→　　　　 n.历史→　　　　 n.历史学家→　　　　 adj.(有关)历史的;历史上的 21.　　　　 n.比较;相比→　　　　 vi.& vt.比较;相比→　　　　 adj.可比较的 22.　　　　 vt.确认;认出;找到→　　　　 n.身份;个性→　　　　 n.鉴定,识别;认同;身份证明
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　　　参与(某事);参加(某活动) 2.　　　　　　　 让步;屈服 3.　　　　　　　　 保持平衡 4.　　　　　　　 导致 5.　　　　　　　 提出建议 6.　　　　　　　 向……求助;转向;致力于;翻到;查阅 7.　　　　　　　　　　拆掉;拆除;写下 8.　　　　　　　　　　 一点一点 9.　　　　　　　 阻止;不准 10.　　　　　　　 向……捐赠…… 11.　　　　　　　 确保;设法保证 12.　　　　　　　 在世界各地 13.　　　　　　　 提出 14.　　　　　　　 不仅仅是
重 点 句 型 1.新旧更替的时代已经到来,在走向未来的过程中,我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。(when引导定语从句;as引导状语从句) There comes a time 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 2.这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路,而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。(not only置于句首引起的部分倒装) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to the future that did not run over the relics of the past,　　　　　　　　　　　　 that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow. 3.据说这是一面可以分辨是非的镜子!(It is+v.-ed+that;强调句型) 4.正如一位从事该项目的研究人员所解释的:“欣赏本国文化遗产,有助于了解我们自己;欣赏他国文化遗产,有助于增进国际交流和理解。”(as引导定语从句;who引导定语从句) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,“Appreciating one’s own cultural heritage is very important for understanding oneself.Appreciating the cultural heritage of other countries is very important for international communication and understanding.”
动词变名词的后缀“-al” 集锦:
①propose→proposal 提议　　　　②renew→renewal 重新开始　　③survive→survival存活
④approve→approval赞成;批准 ⑤deny→denial否认 ⑥betray→betrayal背叛
⑦portray→portrayal 描绘 ⑧try→trial 尝试 ⑨arrive→arrival到达
⑩refuse→refusal拒绝 remove→removal 移除 dismiss→dismissal解雇;不予考虑
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷) The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool to 　　　　 (限制) intake. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)I realised 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (错的那个人是我). 3.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)The shape 　　　　 (create)a perfect market where goods could be shipped and received using the river as a highway. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1,000 in revenue (收入),and of that waste only 15.7% 　　　　　　　　 (donate) or recycled. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) It suffered a great 　　　　(lose). 6.(2025·浙江1月卷) This platform is not only reserved for 　　　　 (profession)cooks,but also for those willing to discover new experiences. 7.(2025·浙江1月卷) Interlibrary loan is not available to 　　　　 (以前的)students,guest borrowers or fee-card holders. 8.(2025·浙江1月卷) Articles are usually received within (　　　　)1-2 days and books in 5-10 days. 9.(2025·浙江1月卷) “You don’t want to get fat” was on constant repeat 　　　　 (遍及;自始至终) my childhood.
10.(2025·浙江1月卷) To speed up the process,please 　　　　　　　　 (确保) the information you submit through the ILL Request Form is accurate. 11.(2025·浙江1月卷) Any restrictions 　　　　 (establish)by the lending library will be indicated on the label. 12.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) The reasons relate to a variety of factors,including reduced concentration,an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital(　　　　　　　　) content. 13.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) To improve the quality of observational data,biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded 　　　　 (形象). 14.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead 　　　　 better global coverage. 15.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) Audio (音频) and video can feel more engaging than text,and so university teachers increasingly 　　　　　　　 (转向)these technologies — say,assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person. 16.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) This makes sense because the people 　　　　 get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. 17.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) In the wrong hands,such a book could prove as complicated to process (　　　　)as the computer code (代码) that powers AI ... 18.(2024·全国甲卷) That’s why this 　　　　 (一期;期号)of Writer’s Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending. 19.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) We should take more effective measures to 　　　　 (保护) the endangered species from extinction. 20.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) The key finding of the study was that when crowds were 　　　　 (进一步)divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion,the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.balance n.平衡;均匀;余额 vt.使平衡;权衡;使相等
①She had always dreamed of becoming a famous singer,but now she had to balance her high expectations 　　　　 the fierce competition of the music industry.
②[倡议信] We advocate for a 　　　　 (balance) approach that promotes economic growth while protecting environmental sustainability.
③[建议信] 我建议你在学习和娱乐之间保持平衡。
I suggest you should 　　　　　　　　 between study and entertainment.
④[场景描写] 他失去了平衡,滚下了陡峭的斜坡,拼命地抓住树枝试图阻止自己坠落。
He 　　　　　　　　 and rolled down the steep slope,grasping at branches in a desperate attempt to stop his fall.
2.likely adj.可能的;有希望的 adv.可能地
①[心理描写] 凶猛的野兽很可能躲藏在黑漆漆的灌木丛中,我顿时感到脊背发凉。
→　　　　　　　　 fierce wild beasts were hiding in the dark bushes,so I felt a chill running down my spine immediately.(it作形式主语;likely)
→Fierce wild beasts 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in the dark bushes,so I felt coldness spreading down my spine instantly.(be likely to do)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 fierce wild beasts were hiding in the dark bushes,my back turned cold in an instant.(it作形式主语;probable)
②[建议信] 我建议你开始一个有规律的锻炼计划。如果你这样做,你很可能会感觉更有活力和健康。
I recommend that you start a regular exercise routine.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 if you do so.
3.limit n.限度;限制;极限 vt.限制;限定
①[建议信] To stay focused,try to limit each study session 　　　　 45 minutes,followed by a short break.
②We must set a limit 　　　　 the number of tourists to protect the old tower from being damaged.
③一个人的生命是有限的,但是为人民服务是无限的。我要把有限的生命投入到无限的为人民服务当中去。
There is 　　　　　　　　 one’s life,but 　　　　　　　　　　　　serving the people.I’ll devote my 　　　　 life to the 　　　　 job of serving the people.
4.prevent vt.阻止;阻碍;阻挠
①Effective 　　　　 of infectious diseases requires 　　　　 measures especially for 　　　　 illnesses like measles.(prevent)
②[建议信] 我相信只要你全身心地投入学习,没有什么能阻挡你的进步。
I believe nothing could 　　　　　　　　　　　　making progress if you put your heart and soul into your study.
③[建议信] 植树造林能防止暴雨中的土壤流失。
Reforestation helps 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 eroding in rainstorms.
5.contribute vi.& vt.捐献;捐助;贡献;撰稿
①In my opinion,reading the English newspaper regularly does contribute 　　　　 improving my English level.
②[人物介绍] The scientist was rewarded by the government for having made such a great 　　　　 (contribute) to the country.
③许多人都向环保机构捐款,这非常有助于当地环境的改善。一位记者写了一篇关于此事的文章并把它投到了当地的一家报社。
Many people 　　　　　　　　　　　　 environmental protection organizations,which 　　　　　　　　　　　　 the improvement of the local environment.A reporter wrote an article about it and 　　　　　　　　　　　　 a local newspaper.
6.attempt n.& vt.企图;试图;尝试
①[日记] After several 　　　　 (attempt),I finally rode the bike steadily.At that moment,I felt like I was flying.
②[动作描写] 在接下来的几天里,我们试图到处寻找我们的爱犬,但都是徒劳。
→In the next few days,we searched everywhere 　　　　　　　　　　　　 our beloved dog,but it was in vain.(in an attempt)
→In the next few days,we 　　　　　　　　 our beloved dog everywhere,but it was a wasted effort.(attempt to do)
→In the next few days,we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 our beloved dog everywhere,but it was fruitless.(make an attempt)
7.lead to (to为介词) 导致;造成(后果);通往
①Anna’s strong desire for success led her 　　　　 (study) hard and finally she succeeded.
②[建议信] The lack of exercise and poor diet may 　　　　 (导致) many health problems.
③[动作描写] 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(有了那位老人带路),we finally walked out of the woods and thus we all breathed a sigh of relief.
8.turn to 向……求助;转向;致力于;翻到;查阅
①Please turn to page 98 and we’ll learn the new words.　　　
②After graduation,he became a lawyer,but later turned to journalism.　　　
③You shouldn’t always turn to the dictionary when meeting new words in reading.　　　
④To my surprise,he didn’t 　　　　　　　 my invitation.He 　　　　　　　　 at my birthday party and gave me a delicate gift.We had much fun.The party 　　　　　　　　 to be successful.
9.not only置于句首引起的部分倒装
[教材原句] Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past,but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.
这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路,而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。
①Not only patience but also practical skills 　　　　　　　　 (require) for this job.
②[场景描写] 她的微笑不仅照亮了房间,而且温暖了在场每个人的心。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 but also it warmed the hearts of everyone present.
③[情感描写] 这个消息不仅令人惊讶,而且让人心碎。
The news was 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
④[场景描写] 那声音不是雷声,而是黑暗中逼近的脚步声。
The sound 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in the dark.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] Not only had the countries found a path to the future ①that did not run over the relics of the past,but they had also learnt ②that it was possible for countries ③to work together to build a better tomorrow.
尝试分析:这是一个由“not only...but also...”所连接的并列复合句,not only位于句首,所以not only所在的分句应用　　　　;①为that引导的　　　　从句,修饰先行词a path;②为that引导的　　　　从句,其中it作　　　　,后面的动词不定式短语是真正的主语。
自主翻译:
情境仿写:杰克不仅参加了学校举办的越野赛,而且认识到了通过锻炼来增强体质是很有必
要的。
　　　　　　　　 Jack get involved in the cross-country running race 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,but he also realised 　　　　 　　　　　　　 to build up his body by taking exercise.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.preserve
A.vt.保护　B.vt.维持……的原状;保存　C.vt.防止……腐坏;保鲜　D.n.腌菜
①Our logistics system preserves seafood freshness from ocean to table within 24 hours.　　　
②In an effort to preserve the ecological balance of the region,the government has implemented strict regulations on industrial development and waste management.　　　
③The company has managed to preserve its competitive edge in the market by continuously innovating and adapting to changing consumer demands.　　　
④This shop sells organic blueberry preserves.　　　
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
The latest issue① of the journal issued② a special report on climate change,discussing this critical global issue③.
最新①　　　　的期刊②　　　　了一份关于气候变化的特别报告,探讨这个关键的全球③　　　　。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)“People 　　　　 live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating,” she says.
2.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) There,at the 　　　　 (enter),was a cash machine.
3.(2024·全国甲卷)Many of us also turn 　　　　 food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness,loneliness,or boredom.
4.(2024·北京卷) During my second year,I failed my comprehensive exam because my 　　　　 (propose) was unclear.
5.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) These include encountering wildlife,walking along the edge of water,and following an 　　　　 (establish) trail.
6.(2023·全国甲卷) The menu in this beautiful colonial house includes 　　　　(tradition)Thai cuisine combined with modern cooking methods.
7.The experience was meaningful.Not only did being exposed to nature spark my 　　　　 (create) but also made me admire scenery.
8. Secondly,China’s high-speed train network has greatly improved travel efficiency and 　　　　 (promote) connectivity between cities,facilitating economic growth and cultural exchange.
9. The essay should be original and related to the topic and can explore issues such as food waste,the importance of food resources,and personal practices of food 　　　　 (conserve).
10.Then,divided into groups,we tried to 　　　　 (identity) different plants on campus, appreciating their breathtaking beauty.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 新闻报道—自然遗产保护—保护文化遗产
假设你是李华,上周五你们班级举办了一场以“保护中国传统文化遗产”为主题的讨论活动。请你为校英文报写一篇短文来报道此次活动。
[场景演练]
1.上周五,我们全班同学在学校礼堂围绕“保护中国传统文化遗产”这一主题展开了一场富有价值的讨论。(worthwhile)
2.讨论的目的是提高学生对保护文化遗产重要性的认识。(preserve,heritage)
3.首先,我们探讨了文化遗产保护的重要性。应防止任何可能损坏文化遗产的行为。(likely,prevent)
4.学生们提出建议,学校应该在课程中加入更多关于传统文化遗产的内容。(make a proposal,traditional)
5.其次,我们探讨了如何用现代科技来记录和修复文化遗产。(document)
6.这次讨论不仅教育了我们,也激励我们参与文化遗产保护。(take part in)
7.作为未来的接班人,我们有责任确保我们丰富的文化遗产传给后代。(make sure)
[句式升级]
将第6句用not only置于句首引起的倒装进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
要求:请根据P54的线训练,再结合括号中的提示完成句式升级,并续写后续内容,使故事情节更加完整。
Last Friday,Lucy inquired me if she could borrow my newly purchased camera to take photos for a club event.After a moment’s hesitation,I agreed to her request.However,when she returned it,①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (with复合结构),she stammered that she hadn’t touched the lens during use.Her claim didn’t hold water at all,thus I insisted that she should pay for it.②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(倒装句式) and,③　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (with复合结构),she refused,④　　　　　　　　　　　　(现在分词短语作状语).After that,our friendship seemed to have vanished along with this dispute.⑤　
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》

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