资源简介

写 作 词 汇 1.rescue　　　　n.& vt.营救;救援 2.damage vt.损害;破坏 n.损坏;损失 3.destroy vt.摧毁;毁灭 4.shelter n.避难处;居所;庇护 vt.保护;掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨或危险) 5.gas n.气体;燃气;汽油 6.ruin n.& vt.破坏;毁坏 7.percent n.百分之…… adj.& adv.每一百中 8.trap vt.使落入险境;使陷入圈套 n.险境;陷阱 9.bury　　　　vt.埋葬;安葬 10.effort n.努力;艰难的尝试;尽力 11.unify vi.& vt.统一;(使)成一体 12.wisdom n.智慧;才智 13.supply n.供应(量);补给;[pl.]补给品 vt.供应;供给 14.calm adj.镇静的;沉着的 vt.使平静;使镇静 15.sweep vt.& vi.(swept,swept)打扫;清扫 16.wave n.海浪;波浪 vi.& vt.挥手;招手 17.summary n.总结;概括;概要
阅 读 词 汇 1.disaster　　　　　n.灾难;灾害 2.tornado n.(pl.-oes or -os)龙卷风;旋风 3.landslide n.(also landfall) (山地或悬崖的)崩塌;滑坡 4.slide vi.& vt.(slid,slid)(使)滑行;滑动 5.tsunami n.海啸 6.flood n.洪水;大量 vi.淹没;大量涌入 vt.使灌满水;淹没 7.volcanic eruption 火山喷发 8.magnitude n.震级;重大 9.evacuate vt.疏散;撤出 vi.撤离 10.helicopter n.直升机 11.crack n.裂纹;裂缝 vi.& vt.(使)破裂 12.brick n.砖;砖块 13.metal　　　　n.金属 14.context n.上下文;语境;背景 15.typhoon n.台风 16.hurricane n.(尤指西大西洋的)飓风 17.tap vi.& vt.轻叩;轻敲;轻拍 n.水龙头;轻叩;轻敲 18.pipe n.管子;管道 19.whistle vi.吹口哨;发出笛声 vt.吹口哨 n.哨子(声);呼啸声 20.aid n.援助;帮助;救援物资 vi.& vt.(formal)帮助;援助 21.kit n.成套工具;成套设备 22.first aid kit 急救箱 23.crash vt.& vi.碰撞;撞击 n.撞车;碰撞 24.strike vi.& vt.(struck,struck/stricken)侵袭;突击;击打 n.罢工;罢课;袭击
拓 展 词 汇 1.drought n.旱灾;久旱→dry adj.干的;干旱的 vt.把……弄干 vi.变干 2.death n.死;死亡→dead adj.死的;去世的→deadly adj.致命的→die vi.死,死亡→dying adj.垂死的;渴望的 3.affect vt.影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动→affection n.喜爱;钟爱 4.shock n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克 vt.(使)震惊→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.感到震惊的 5.electricity n.电;电能→electric adj.电的;用电的 n.供电 6.breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→breath n.呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的 7.revive vt.& vi.复活;(使)苏醒→revival n.振兴;复苏 8.suffer vt.遭受;蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n.折磨;苦难→sufferer n.受难者;患病者 9.volcano n.火山→volcanic adj.火山的;火山引起的;火山产生的 10.erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发;(岩浆、烟等)喷出→eruption n.火山爆发;(战争等)爆发 11.survive vi.生存;存活 vt.幸存;艰难度过→survivor n.幸存者;生还者→survival n.幸存 12.power n.电力供应;能量;力量;控制力→powerful adj.强大的;有力的→powerless adj.无影响力的;无能为力的 13.emergency n.突发事件;紧急情况→emergent adj.紧急的 14.deliver vt.& vi.递送;传达 vt.发表→delivery n.交付;递送 15.effect n.影响;结果;效果→effective adj.有效果的;有影响的→effectiveness n.有效;奏效 16.length n.长;长度→lengthen vt.使延长;加长 vi.延长;变长→long adj.长的
重 点 词 块 1.as usual　　　　　像往常一样 2.as if/though 似乎;好像;仿佛 3.come to an end 结束;走向末日 4.in ruins 严重受损;破败不堪 5.blow away 吹走 6.in shock 震惊;吃惊 7.fall down　　　　　倒塌 8.dig out 挖掘;找出 9.put up 搭起 10.in the open air 露天;在户外 11.on hand 现有(尤指帮助) 12.sweep away 消灭;彻底消除
重 点 句 型 1.鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安,不愿进食;狗拒绝进入屋内。(too...to...结构) Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat,and dogs refused to go inside buildings. 2.仿佛世界末日即将来临!(as if引导状语从句;用虚拟语气) It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! 3.幸存者目及之处无一不是废墟。(everywhere引导让步状语从句) Everywhere survivors looked,there was nothing but ruins. 4.当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭,海水开始灌入屋内。(be doing...when...句式) I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.
形容词变名词的后缀“-ness” 集锦:
①effective→effectiveness 有效性;效率　②fit→fitness 健康;合适　　　③nervous→nervousness 焦虑;紧张
④aware→awareness 意识 ⑤hard→hardness 硬度 ⑥weak→weakness 弱点,缺点
⑦calm→calmness平静,冷静 ⑧good→goodness优良;仁慈 ⑨lonely→loneliness孤独,凄凉 ⑩rich→richness 富裕;丰富 rude→rudeness无礼,粗鲁
serious→seriousness认真
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed (destroy) to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)In the study,boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent (百分之……) drop in plastics. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)We hope to present the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context (语境),and initiate dialogues with minimalist art,conceptual art and expressionism. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)...I met a cowboy who saved his town,a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s,and a modern-day Juliet who died (die) of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth—they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas,stuck inside volcanic (volcano) rocks,filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow. 6.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Batteries are energy-efficient and electric cars (电动汽车) can plug into existing systems and services. 7.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)I realised that if I didn’t stop,the entire lecture would be ruined (ruin). 8.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Growing up,my family and our neighbours never used clotheslines to dry (把……弄干) clothing... 9.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)You can live longer (long) if you volunteer regularly. 10.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)You may know the “feel-good” emotions that come with helping others,but there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect (影响) the whole family. 11.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)People often feel they are too busy to volunteer(自己太忙,没时间做志愿活动). 12.(2025·浙江1月卷)Building effective communication skills takes time,but the effects are worth the effort.(effect) 13.(2025·浙江1月卷)The man froze for a second,but when he saw the skinny boy he breathed (breathe) a sigh of relief. 14.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid (帮助) of a mobile application. 15.(2024·全国甲卷)However,when a cat is looking for affection (affect),they tend to produce stretched and soft meows. 16.(2024·全国甲卷)For instance,almost all animals have distinct vocals (声音) that they rely on to either ask for help,scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter (庇护). 17.(2023·全国乙卷)There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases (gas)... 18.(2023·全国乙卷)She had to say goodbye to her two dogs and to the beach,where she loved to ride the waves (wave) on her board. 19.(2023·北京卷)So I was shocked (shock) when,not long after the email,Professor Mary Devon,who was running the programme,invited me to observe the work being done in her lab.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.affect vt.影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动
The flu affected① me severely last week,with high fever persistently affecting② my study efficiency.Just as I was falling behind,my deskmate Li Hua not only brought me carefully organised notes,but also patiently explained difficult concepts to me.His selfless act affected③ me,filling my heart with warm gratitude.
①vt.(疾病)侵袭　②vt.影响　③vt.深深打动
2.ruin n.& vt.破坏;毁坏
①An earthquake ruined our home,leaving the whole town in ruins.(ruin)
②[场景描写] 这座城市在遭受大地震并沦为一片废墟后不久,就呈现出了新的面貌。
Shortly after suffering from a big earthquake and being reduced to ruins/lying in ruins/falling into ruin,the city took on a new look.
③[情感描写] 战争的风暴摧毁了她童年的家,让她在废墟中颤抖着说不出话来。
The storm of war ruined her childhood home,leaving her trembling and speechless in the ruins.
3.shock n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克 vt.(使)震惊
①I was shocked to hear the shocking news that he died in the air crash,which was a shock to me.(shock)
②When I told them the truth,they were all in shock and couldn’t believe it.
③[情感描写] 精疲力竭又震惊万分,他茫然地盯着眼前被毁坏的景象。
Exhausted and shocked,he stared blankly at the destroyed landscape in front of him.
4.bury vt.埋葬;安葬;掩藏;使陷入
①[动作描写] 决心要完成这个任务,他开始埋头工作,不顾一切干扰,直到写完最后一个字。
Determined to finish the task,he started to bury himself in his work,ignoring all distractions until the last word was written.
②[动作描写] Hearing the news that the pet was lost,she buried her face in her hands and burst into tears.
→Hearing the news that the pet was lost,she burst into tears,burying her face in her hands.(现在分词作状语)
→Hearing the news that the pet was lost,she burst into tears,with her face buried in her hands.(with复合结构)
→Hearing the news that the pet was lost,she burst into tears,her face buried in her hands.(独立主格结构)
5.suffer vt.遭受;蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
①[2024·新课标Ⅰ卷] 法伯的治疗大大减轻了她狗狗的痛苦,因此她能够让它多活5个月。
Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months.
②[建议信] 我很遗憾听到你整晚失眠,我写信给你一些建议。
I am sorry to hear that you are suffering from sleeplessness all night.I’m writing to you to give you some suggestions.
③[主旨升华] 生活中总有一些起起伏伏,正是苦难让我们更加坚强。
There are always some ups and downs in our lives,and it is the sufferings that make us stronger.
6.survive vi.生存;存活 vt.幸存;艰难度过
①Although the old lady suffered from a serious illness,she still survived her husband by 5 years.
②The only survivor of the plane crash survived the extreme conditions and his willpower was crucial for his survival.(survive)
③[演讲稿] 我演讲的目的是号召人们保护环境,让稀有动物能够长久地生存下去。
The purpose of my speech is to call on people to protect the environment so that rare animals can survive for a long time.
④[主旨升华] 生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存,而在于学会在雨中翩翩起舞。
Life isn’t about how to survive from the storm; it’s about learning to dance in the rain.
7.strike vi.& vt.(struck,struck/stricken)侵袭;突击;击打;(时钟等)敲响,报时;突然想起 n.罢工;罢课;袭击
A.vt.侵袭;袭击　　B.vi.(时钟等)敲响　C.vt.突然想起 D.n.罢工　E.vi.击中
①I got up early this morning before the clock struck five.　B　
②When a disaster strikes,you might find there is no water,even no electricity.　A　
③It suddenly struck me that I forgot to lock the door.　C　
④The falling tree struck him on the leg.　E　
⑤Within half an hour,all the drivers were out on strike.　D　
⑥[情感描写] 他为我所做的一切打动了我,我无法控制自己,感激的泪水顺着脸颊流下来。(分词短语作状语)
Struck by what he had done for me,I couldn’t contain myself,tears of gratitude flowing down my cheeks.
8.as if/though 引导的从句
[教材原句] It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
仿佛世界末日即将来临!
①[场景描写] 她伸展四肢,好像在飞,她的眼睛因为兴奋睁得很大。
She throws her arms and legs out as if she were flying,her eyes wide with excitement.
②[神态描写] 她看着我,仿佛我是一个陌生人,她的眼中充满了困惑和怀疑。
She looked at me as if I were a stranger,her eyes filled with confusion and suspicion.
③[心理描写] 树林里很黑,似乎每一簇灌木丛后面都有一头凶猛的野兽。她越这样想就越
害怕。
It is dark in the woods.It seems as if there were a fierce beast behind every cluster of bushes.The more she thinks of this,the more frightened she is.
④[动作描写] 眼泪在眼眶里打转,大卫抬起头,看着我,好像要说什么,但是又垂下了头。
Tears swirling in his eyes,David raised his head,looked at me as if he were to say something,but lowered his head once again.
·as if/though 意为“似乎;好像;仿佛”,引导表语从句时,常放在be,look,seem,sound,smell,feel等系动词之后。
·as if/though引导状语从句时,如果所引导的从句表示真实的或极有可能发生的情况,从句用陈述语气。当从句表示一种假设的情况时,从句谓语动词通常用虚拟语气,结构如下:
与现在事实相反,从句谓语动词用一般过去时(be 动词用were);与过去事实相反,从句谓语动词用过去完成时(had done);与将来事实相反,从句谓语动词用would/could/might/should do。
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] ①Soon after the quakes,the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan ②to dig out those who were trapped and ③to bury the dead.
尝试分析:这是一个主从复合句。①为时间状语;句子主干部分为the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan。②为动词不定式作目的状语,其中包含一个who引导的定语从句,修饰先行词those;③为动词不定式作目的状语,其中包含一个“the + 形容词”名词化结构,表示一类人。
自主翻译:地震发生后不久,部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山,将受困群众从废墟中挖出,并掩埋死者。
情境仿写:暴雨过后不久,救援队派出了数百艘冲锋舟赶赴灾区营救被困居民,并分发救灾
物资。
Soon after the heavy rain,rescue teams sent hundreds of speedboats to the disaster area to rescue trapped residents and distribute relief supplies.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.shelter
A.n.避难处;庇护　　　　　B.vt.保护;掩蔽 C.vi.躲避(风雨或危险)
①We had to shelter under the bus stop until the heavy rain passed.　C　
②The large oak tree sheltered the children from the fierce storm.　B　
③During the bombing,the civilians ran to the shelter in the basement.　A　
2.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)His reply came as a surprise—a shock,actually: “Not a chance.”n.震惊
②(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)But the opposite happened: She was flooded,shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone.
vi.大量涌来
③(2025·浙江1月卷)While gendering a product may be good marketing,it may also strengthen outdated or harmful ideas about power and identity.
n.权力
④(2025·浙江1月卷)There’s no value in delivering any kind of communication,whether written,spoken,formal,or informal,if the message doesn’t come across clearly.vt.传达
⑤(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)AI will affect us all,and if you only read one book on the subject,this is it.vt.影响
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped (trap) through the boiling process was nice...
2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)It’s estimated that the global demand for electricity (electric) could more than double by 2050.
3.(2024·浙江1月卷)In her first PE class, Eva was shocked (shock) when Coach Pitt announced that everyone had to run one mile around the track outside.
4.(2024·浙江1月卷)Soon Eva began to breathe (breath) hard,with her heart pounding and legs shaking.
5.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)You choose which length (long) you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.
6.(2023·全国乙卷)Indoor plants might look as if/though they just sit around not doing much,but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home.
7.We could really cut down on carbon emissions if less food was supplied (supply) in the first place.
8.The meeting decided that further efforts (effort) were needed.
9.I’m happy to say there seems to be a revival (revive) and growing interest in kite-making.
10.I was just on the point of leaving when the hummingbird (蜂鸟) appeared.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 感谢信—自然灾害—救灾
假设你是李华,你的家乡遭遇了洪灾,许多人参与救援,各企业也纷纷捐款捐物。请你用英语给他们写一封感谢信。
[场景演练]
1.我写信真诚地感谢你们及时的救助和支持。(rescue)
I am writing to express my earnest gratitude for your timely rescue and support.
2.上个月,一场极其严重的洪灾袭击了我的家乡,使得许多房屋成为废墟,许多人处于危险之中。(strike,ruin)
Last month, an extremely severe flood struck my hometown, which left many houses in ruins and many people in danger.
3.在那时,仿佛世界末日即将来临。(as if)
At that time,it seemed as if the world were coming to an end.
4.由于你们迅速疏散处于危险中的人们并救援被困人员,没有人在这场令人震惊的灾难中丧生。(evacuate,trap,disaster)
Thanks to your quick action of evacuating people in danger and rescuing the trapped, no one was killed in this shocking disaster.
5.而且有了来自政府的大力支持和你们的慷慨援助,我们的城镇很快恢复了生机。(aid)
Besides,with strong support from the government and your generous aid, our town came back to life soon.
6.因此我再怎么感谢你们也不为过。(can’t ...enough)
Therefore,I can’t be grateful to you enough.
[句式升级]
将第2句用现在分词作状语进行改写升级。
Last month,an extremely severe flood struck my hometown, leaving many houses in ruins and many people in danger.
[连句成篇]
Dear Sir/Madam,
　　I am writing to express my earnest gratitude for your timely rescue and support.
　　Last month,an extremely severe flood struck my hometown,leaving many houses in ruins and many people in danger.At that time,it seemed as if the world were coming to an end.Thanks to your quick action of evacuating people in danger and rescuing the trapped,no one was killed in this shocking disaster.Besides,with strong support from the government and your generous aid,our town came back to life soon.Therefore,I can’t be grateful to you enough.
Yours,
Li Hua
promise 承诺 demand 要求 agree 同意 argue 争论 insist 坚持;声称 complain 抱怨 add 补充说 ask/inquire/enquire 询问 answer/reply/respond 回答 说 whisper/murmur/mumble/grunt/groan 小声地说/嘟哝/呻吟 scream/yell/shout 大声地说 stammer/stutter 结结巴巴地说 one’s mouth widens 咧开嘴 one’s mouth drops/hangs wide open 张大嘴巴 bite one’s lip 忍住不说 speak/reply in a(n)...voice/tone 用/以……的声音/语气说/回答 yell at the top of one’s voice 声嘶力竭地喊道
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.event　　　n.比赛项目;大事;公开活动 2.host vt.主办;主持 n.主人;东道主;节目主持人 3.sweat vt.使出汗;出汗弄湿 vi.出汗;流汗 n.汗水;出汗 4.master n.高手;主人 vt.精通;掌握 5.captain n.(运动队)队长;船长;机长 6.pretend vi.& vt.假装;装扮 7.cheat　　　vi.作弊;舞弊 vt.欺骗;蒙骗 n.欺骗手段;骗子 8.audience n.观众;听众 9.positive adj.积极的;正面的;乐观的;肯定的 10.rather adv.相当;有点儿 11.jog vi.慢跑 n.慢跑 12.error n.错误;差错
阅 读 词 汇 1.soccer　　　　　n.足球;足球运动 2.stadium n.(pl.stadiums or stadia)体育场;运动场 3.boxing n.拳击(运动) 4.badminton n.羽毛球运动 5.marathon n.马拉松赛跑 6.ski adj.滑雪的 vi.滑雪 7.track n.跑道;足迹;铁路轨道 vt.& vi.追踪;跟踪 8.gym n.健身房;体育馆 9.gymnastics　　　　n.体操(训练) 10.legend n.传奇故事(或人物);传说 11.glory n.荣誉;光荣;赞美 12.medal n.奖章;勋章 13.apart adv.分离;分开;成碎片 14.million num.一百万 15.slim adj.苗条的;单薄的 16.diet n.规定饮食;日常饮食 vi.节食 17.push-up n.俯卧撑
拓 展 词 汇 1.fitness n.健康;健壮;适合→fit adj.健康的;适合的 2.athlete n.运动员;运动健儿→athletic adj.健壮的;体育运动的 3.honour n.荣誉;尊敬;荣幸→honoured adj.荣幸的→honourable adj.荣誉的;值得钦佩的 4.champion n.冠军;优胜者→championship n.锦标赛;冠军赛;冠军称号 5.determination n.决心;决定→determine vt. 决定;确定;下定决心→determined adj.坚决的;意志坚定的 6.injure vt.使受伤;损害→injured adj.受伤的;有伤的→injury n.伤害;损伤 7.graceful adj.优美的;优雅的→grace n.优雅 8.strength n.力量;体力→strengthen vt.加强;巩固→strong adj.强壮的;坚强的 9.failure n.失败;失败的人(或事物)→fail vi.失败 pete vi.竞争;对抗→competition n.竞争;比赛→competitive adj.竞争的;有竞争力的→competitiveness n.竞争力→competitor n.竞争者 11.stress n.压力;紧张;重音 vt. 强调;重读;使焦虑不安vi.焦虑不安→stressful adj.压力重的;紧张的(指物)→stressed adj.焦虑不安;心力交瘁(指人)
重 点 词 块 1.come along　　　　　跟随;到达;进步;赶快 2.track and field 田径 3.work out 锻炼;计算出;解决 4.make it 获得成功;准时到达 5.set an example 树立榜样 6.fall apart 破裂;破碎;崩溃 7.lose heart 丧失信心;泄气 8.give up 放弃;投降 9.make sense 有道理;合乎情理;表述清楚;有意义 10.pretend to do sth　　　　假装做某事 11.even if/though 即使;虽然 12.make a difference 有作用或影响 13.rather than 而不是 14.cut...out 停止做(或使用、食用);剪下 15.now and then 有时;偶尔 pare...with/to... 与……比较
重 点 句 型 1.损失两大主力队员,是个巨大的挑战,但是郎平没有气馁。(动名词短语作主语) Losing two important players was a big challenge,but Lang Ping did not lose heart. 2.他(乔丹)在芝加哥所创建的“男孩女孩俱乐部”从1996年至今一直在帮助年轻人。(which引导定语从句) The Boys and Girls Club which he started in Chicago has been helping young people since 1996. 3.足球运动员不应该假装摔倒,即使这对他/她的球队有帮助。(even if引导让步状语从句) A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team. 4.一旦我开始考虑健康而不是体重,事情就有了变化。(once引导时间状语从句) Once I started thinking about fitness rather than weight,things began to change. 5.通过积极看待自我和自己的身体,我变得更加快乐,也更加健康了。(“by+doing”形式作方式状语) By being positive about myself and my body,I became both happier and healthier.
形容词变名词的后缀“-ance/-ence” 集锦:
①confident→confidence 自信　 ②silent→silence 沉默;寂静　　　
③absent→absence缺席;不在④different→difference 差异
⑤patient→patience 耐心 ⑥intelligent→intelligence智力;才智
⑦insistent→insistence坚持 ⑧persistent→persistence坚持
⑨present→presence出席;存在;在场⑩relevant→relevance相关性
important→importance重要性 significant→significance重要性;意义
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)My wife and I wanted to share our new home with family and friends by hosting (host) a small gathering in the early summer. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Eventually,my brother decided to leave rather than (而不是) force the issue. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷改编)The author presents the issue in the first paragraph by giving examples(通过举例). 4.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) For native speakers of English,some Chinese words are rather(相当) difficult to pronounce. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) Determined to turn her life around,Ms Donohue began to work out(锻炼) and follow a healthy lifestyle,before discovering a passion for weightlifting. 6.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) If you’re among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants,don’t beat yourself up if one (or a few!) doesn’t make it (获得成功). 7.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) “Hold on:Consider failure as a stepping stone to success and never give up(放弃).Stick to your plan,” she said. 8.(2025·浙江1月卷)While gendering a product may be good marketing,it may also strengthen (strength) outdated or harmful ideas about power and identity.
9.(2025·浙江1月卷)“But it’s also a great challenge,for it can sometimes take days to organise a single event (活动),” Ribeiro said. 10.(2025·北京卷)...true recognition comes from honourable (honour) acts. 11.(2025·北京卷) Turner wisely said that “doing well” psychologically is being able to roll with the flow of emotions,manage them,communicate clearly and well with others,and master (掌握) various skills. 12.(2025·北京卷) “I thought,in this family,we don’t compare ourselves with/to (与……比较) other people,Dad ” the teenager replied. 13.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) When I was a teenager,a neighbourhood friend won a marathon (马拉松赛跑) race. 14.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) You’ll compete (竞争) with fewer tourists,save money,experience a different side of a popular place,and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower. 15.(2024·浙江1月卷) Then she concentrated on jogging (jog) to the spot where the track curved (拐弯). 16.(2024·浙江1月卷) In her first PE class,Eva was shocked when Coach Pitt announced that everyone had to run one mile around the track (跑道) outside. 17.(2024·浙江1月卷) Somewhere in the building,there was also a library,a cafeteria and a gym (健身房). 18.(2024·浙江1月卷) However,if you’re shopping for one,buying extra to benefit from price reductions doesn’t make sense (有意义). 19.(2024·浙江1月卷) She decided that she would memorise where her classes were and then pretend(假装) that the rest of the place didn’t exist. 20.(2024·北京卷) As a result,the first four years of my postgraduate career were defined by a series of failures (failure). 21.(2024·北京卷) I realised that by trying something new,I can have fun—even if it means stepping out of my comfort zone (即使这意味着走出我的舒适区). 22.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) Once there,Lenoue was assessed and later taken to a hospital,where she learnt that she had serious injuries (injury) in one of her knees. 23.(2023·北京卷) The International Olympic Committee (IOC) Young Leaders programme empowers talents to make a positive (积极的) difference in their communities through sport. 24.(2023·北京卷) It’s a joyful and stressful(stress) time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.honour n.荣誉;尊敬;荣幸 vt.尊敬;以……为荣
①We extend our honour and respect to the honourable individuals who have dedicated their lives to this cause.(honour)
②[演讲稿] 能在这里发表演讲,我感到非常荣幸。
It is an honour for me/I feel it an honour/I feel honoured to deliver a speech here.
③[告知信] 我写信是想告知您,端午节是为了纪念古代著名诗人屈原。
I am writing to inform you that the Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated in honour of the famous ancient poet—Qu Yuan.
“in+名词+of”类复合介词还有in celebration of 庆祝;in need of 需要;in spite of 尽管,虽然;in terms of 关于……,就……而言;in case of 以防万一;in favour of 支持,赞成;in search of 寻找;in possession of 具有,拥有。
2.determination n.决心;决定
①He determined on/upon facing the failure bravely rather than escaping from reality.
②His strong determination to succeed determines his actions every day,and he is determined to achieve his goals no matter what challenges come his way.(determine)
③[心理描写] 带着坚定的决心,他毫不犹豫地踏上追求梦想的征程。
With a strong determination,he set out to pursue his dreams without hesitation.
④[主旨升华] 正是努力和决心让我成为自己命运的主人。(强调句型)
It was hard work and determination that made me the master of my own destiny.
3.injure vt.使受伤;损害
①The architect got injured (injure)when hiking to the castle through a narrow path.
②[场景描写] The explosion did serious injuries to some passers-by;fortunately,the injured were immediately rushed to the nearest hospital.(injure)
③[动作描写] 男孩爬上梯子去够高处的架子时,滑倒并摔了下来,胳膊受了伤。
While climbing the ladder to reach the high shelf,the boy slipped and fell,injuring his arm.
④[道歉信] 我的膝盖受了重伤,因此我不能按原计划和你一起去远足了。
My knee was seriously injured/With my knee seriously injured/My knee seriously injured,so I can’t go hiking with you as scheduled.
4.strength n.力量;体力;优点
①[人物描写] The strong man,who constantly works out in the gym to strengthen his muscles, lifted up the heavy rock with all his strength.(strong)
②[建议信] 练中国功夫不但能增强体质,还能培养一个人的品性。
Practising Chinese kung fu can not only build up one’s strength,but also develop one’s character.
③[心理描写] 通过参加这样的活动,我们认识到了我们的优点和缺点。
By participating in such activities,we have recognised our strengths and weaknesses.
5.compete vi.竞争;对抗
①In the competitive sports world,every competitor dreams of winning.They compete in various competitions,using their skills and strategies.(compete)
②[建议信] 为学生们组织一场数学竞赛是有益的,既能让他们挑战自我,又能提升解题能力。
It would be beneficial to organise a math competition for the students to challenge themselves and enhance their problem-solving abilities.
③[动作描写] 在篮球比赛的决赛中,两支队伍为争夺冠军展开了激烈角逐,让观众们紧张得坐立不安。
In the final of the basketball match,the two teams competed fiercely for the championship,leaving the audience on the edge of their seats.
④[主旨升华] 生活就像一场马拉松,你必须不断地与他人竞争,以突破自己的极限。
Life is like a marathon where you must constantly compete with/against others to push your own limits.
6.pretend vi.& vt.假装;装扮
①When my mother came back,I pretended to have fallen (fall) asleep.
②He pretended to be reading (read) an important paper when the boss came in.
③[情绪描写] 他强颜欢笑,假装什么事也没发生。
He forced a smile and pretended that nothing had happened.
④[情绪描写] 她假装很开心,但眼神却掩盖不了她的悲伤。
She pretended to be cheerful,but her eyes betrayed her sadness.
⑤[动作描写] 弗兰克转过身,假装没看见我,匆匆走开了。
Frank turned away,pretending not to see me,and hurried away.
7.stress n.压力;紧张;重音 vt.强调;重读;使焦虑不安 vi.焦虑不安
①Our headmaster puts stress on the safety of the students.
②When we’re tired or stressed (stress) out,home is always a shelter for us to have a rest.
③[建议信] 得知你因即将到来的考试而承受着巨大压力,我想给你一些建议来帮助你减压。
Learning that you’re suffering from a lot of stress due to the upcoming exams,I’d like to offer you some advice to help you relieve it.
④[新闻报道] 上周末,我们发起了一场主题为“劳动最美”的活动,并强调了用自己的双手劳动的重要性。
Last weekend,we started a campaign with the theme “Working is the most beautiful” and stressed the importance of working with our own hands.
8.give up 放弃;投降
①In spring,flowers in the park give off a sweet smell,which attracts not only people but also a large number of bees and butterflies.
②[感谢信] 非常感谢你的鼓励。如果不是你,我早就放弃了。你的支持对我意义重大。
I’m so grateful for your encouragement.If it weren’t for you,I would have given up long ago.Your support has made a huge difference to me.
③[情绪描写] 简的精力已经耗尽了。她的脚像灌了铅一样沉重,她瘫坐在树旁,失控地哭起来。
Jane’s energy gave out.Her feet felt as heavy as lead and she slumped beside a tree,weeping without control.
④[主旨升华] 无论前方的道路多么艰难,他们从未放弃,向我们展示了坚持的力量可以克服任何障碍。
No matter how hard the road ahead was,they never gave up,showing us that the power of persistence can overcome any obstacle.
9.make sense 有道理;合乎情理;表述清楚;有意义
①Planning ahead makes sense(合乎情理),especially when you have many things to deal with.
②I can make sense of (理解) what the article said with some notes below.
③能够和遇到的人一起,成为这个杰出小组的一员,我心中的自豪感油然而生。
With each person I met,I felt a growing sense of pride as part of this extraordinary team.
④[建议信] 你决不该丧失信心。持续努力,你迟早会成功的。
In no sense should you lose heart.Keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.
10.even if/though 引导让步状语从句
[教材原句] A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team.
足球运动员不应该假装摔倒,即使这对他/她的球队有帮助。
①He won’t come to our party even if he is invited.
→He won’t come to our party even if invited.(省略句)
②Even though it is possible,it’s still a risky move.
→Even though possible,it’s still a risky move.(省略句)
③[心理描写] 即使我吓得浑身颤抖,我仍然鼓起勇气,走上舞台,开始了我的演讲。
Even if/though I was shaking all over with fear,I still gathered up all my courage,stepped on the stage and began my speech.
①even if/though意为“尽管,即使”,可放在句首或句中,引导让步状语从句;
②在even if/though引导的让步状语从句中,常用一般现在时表示将来;
③当从句主语与主句主语一致,且从句谓语动词含有be动词的某种形式时,可以采用省略结构(省略从句的主语和be动词)。
Step 2　长难句分析
1.[教材原句] ①Jordan’s skills were impressive,but ②the mental strength ③that he showed made him unique.
尝试分析:这是一个并列复合句。并列连词but 连接两个具有转折关系的分句,分别描述了 Jordan 的不同特质。①为第一个分句;②为第二个分句,其中的③为that引导的定语从句。
自主翻译:乔丹的球技令人赞叹,然而他所展示的精神力量使他成为一名独一无二的球星。
情境仿写:莉莉的钢琴演奏技巧十分出色,并且她在每一场表演中倾注的热情使她从其他音乐家中脱颖而出。
Lily’s piano playing skills were remarkable,and the passion that she poured into every performance made her stand out from other musicians.
2.[教材原句] She had faced difficulties before,and she knew ①that her young players could win ②if they worked together as a team.
尝试分析:这是一个并列复合句。and连接两个并列句,两个分句的主语都是she,第一个分句的谓语是had faced;第二个分句的谓语是knew。①是that引导的宾语从句,②是由if引导的条件状语从句。
自主翻译:她曾面临过各种困难,她知道只要她这些年轻的球员们齐心协力,就能获胜。
情境仿写:他曾穿越幽暗的峡谷,因此他确信只要每一步都怀揣希望,这段旅程终将迎来光明。
He had wandered through dark valleys before,and he was certain that the journey would find light if hope was carried in every step.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·北京卷)Another key theme involves finding some kind of positive meaning after stressful events.adj.积极的;正面的
②(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷) Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway,Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live,and not just rush through.”v.拥护;支持
③(2024·浙江1月卷)Jessica Pink,an undergraduate student,suggests taking online courses with a friend,so you can motivate each other to stay on track.n.方向
④(2024·北京卷)If empirical (实证的) experience fails to reveal reality,reasoning won’t reveal reality either since it relies on concepts and words that are contingent on our social,cultural and psychological histories.v.未能做到
⑤(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)In a journal or on a piece of paper,put the heading “Personal strengths”.n.长处,优势
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
Many students frequently misplace stress① when pronouncing English words,leaving them stressed② by the constant frustration.However,teachers stress③ that we should lay stress④ on mastering pronunciation rules—especially stress⑤ patterns—since this will largely resolve these issues and boost confidence.
许多学生在朗读英语单词时经常放错①重音,这种持续的挫败感让他们倍感②压力。然而,老师们③强调,我们应该④重点把握发音规则——尤其是⑤重音规律——因为这将很大程度上解决这些问题,并增强自信心。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·北京卷)Determined (determine) to follow my instincts (本能) on what I felt success means,I only chose two classes that I knew I would enjoy.
2.(2024·北京卷)My heart went out to him,and I jogged (jog) over to him.
3.(2024·全国甲卷)That won’t lead to cheating (cheat) or giving up on your new eating plan.
4.(2023·北京卷)Compared (compare) with the developments of AI,advances in ALife are harder to recognise.
5.(2023·全国甲卷)Thankfulness has a lot of benefits:Research shows it makes us happier,less stressed (stress) and even more optimistic.
6.Though this was a competitive (compete) race,what really mattered was not the title of championship but the determination that participants showed during the race.
7.The swan looked extremely graceful (grace) as it glided across the lake.
8.When it comes to study,it is unwise of you to pretend to know (know) what you don’t know.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 告知信—运动与健康—夏令营活动
假设你是李华,暑假你参加了以“运动与健康”为主题的夏令营活动。最近你的笔友Mike写邮件询问相关情况,请你根据以下内容给他回封邮件。
[场景演练]
1.我很开心来告诉你一些关于我参加的以“运动与健康”为主题的夏令营的信息。(fitness)
I am delighted to tell you something about my summer camp themed “Sports and Fitness”.
2.这个(夏令营)侧重于增强我们的智力和体力。(strength)
It focused on building up both our mental and physical strength.
3.清晨,早餐前慢跑约半小时是必做的事。(jog)
In the morning,jogging for about half an hour before breakfast was a must.
4.此外,夏令营组织了各种田径赛事活动让我们角逐,比如跳高、跳远、跑步。(host,track and field,compete)
Besides,the summer camp hosted various track and field competitions for us to compete in,such as high jump, long jump and running.
5.最重要的是,我们需要保持日常均衡的饮食,这让我感到精力充沛、精神焕发。(diet)
Most importantly,we were required to routinely keep a balanced diet,which enabled me to feel energetic and get refreshed.
6.通过这次活动,我不仅获得了健康生活的意识,还增强了做事情的意志力。(determination)
Through the activity,I have not only gained an awareness of living a healthy life,but also enhanced my determination in doing things.
7.最美好的祝愿!
Best wishes!
[句式升级]
将第6句用倒装句改写升级。
Through the activity,not only have I gained an awareness of living a healthy life,but also enhanced my determination in doing things.
[连句成篇]
Dear Mike,
　　I am delighted to tell you something about my summer camp themed “Sports and Fitness”.It focused on building up both our mental and physical strength.
　　In the morning,jogging for about half an hour before breakfast was a must.Besides,the summer camp hosted various track and field competitions for us to compete in,such as high jump,long jump and running.Most importantly,we were required to routinely keep a balanced diet,which enabled me to feel energetic and get refreshed.
　　Through the activity,not only have I gained an awareness of living a healthy life,but also enhanced my determination in doing things.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
要求:请根据P11的线训练,再结合括号中的提示完成句式升级,并续写后续内容,使故事情节更加完整。
As the sun dipped below the horizon,I strolled along the cobblestone path in the park. ①Walking through the park(现在分词作状语),I suddenly caught a glimpse of a child,②who was staring at the pond(定语从句).③Curious(形容词作状语),I stopped and gazed in the same direction.I spotted a beautiful swan ④swimming leisurely(现在分词作宾语补足语) in the pond.⑤With my eyes fixed on it (with+宾语+宾语补足语),an elderly couple passed by me,their eyes falling on the peaceful scenery as well.⑥We all stopped moving as if time stood still at that moment—leaving just the quiet sound of the swan moving through the water and the distant laughter of children.I have to say,it was the moment that was worth stopping to admire.
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.pack 　　　　vi.& vt.收拾(行李) vt.包装 n.(商品的)纸包;纸袋;大包 2.unique adj.唯一的;独特的;特有的 3.destination n.目的地;终点 4.contact vt.联络;联系 n.联系;接触 5.hike vi.徒步旅行 vt.去……远足 n.远足;徒步旅行 6.request　　　n.(正式或礼貌的)要求;请求　vt.(正式或礼貌地)要求;请求 7.view n.视野;景色;看法 8.sight n.景象;视野;视力 9.unearth vt.挖掘;发掘 ment n.议论;评论 vi.& vt.发表意见;评论
阅 读 词 汇 1.castle 　　　　n.城堡;堡垒 2.visa n.签证 3.rent vt.租用;出租 vi.租用;租金为 n.租金 4.source n.来源;出处 5.narrow adj.狭窄的 vi.& vt.(使)变窄 6.flat adj.平坦的;扁平的 n.公寓;单元房 7.empire n.帝国 8.emperor n.皇帝 9.site n.地点;位置;现场 10.type n.类型;种类 vi.& vt.打字 11.flight　　　　n.空中航行;航班;航程 12.path n.小路;路线;道路 13.brochure n.资料(或广告)手册 14.package n.包裹;包装盒 vt.将……包装好 15.soldier n.士兵;军人 16.transport n.(especially BrE)(NAmE usually transportation)交通运输系统 vt.运输;运送 17.credit n.借款;信用;称赞;学分 18.statue n.雕塑;雕像 19.BCE(=before the Common Era) 公元前 20.tomb n.坟墓
拓 展 词 汇 1.apply vi.& vt.申请;请求 vt.应用;涂(油漆、乳剂)→application n.申请(书);应用→applicant n.申请人 2.amazing adj.令人惊奇的;令人惊喜的→amazingly adv.令人惊奇地→amazed adj.惊奇的;惊喜的→amaze vt.使惊奇;使惊愕→amazement n.惊奇;惊诧 3.arrangement n.安排;筹备→arrange vt.& vi.安排;筹备;整理 4.extremely adv.极其;非常→extreme adj.极端的;极度的;异乎寻常的 n.极端;极度 5.powerful adj.强有力的;有权势的;有影响力的→power vt.给……提供动力 n.影响力;权势;力量→powerless adj.无影响力的;无权的
6.official adj.官方的;正式的;公务的 n.官员;要员→officially adv.正式地;官方地;公开地→office n.办公室 7.recognise vt.辨别出;承认;认可→recognition n.认出;认识;承认;认可 8.accommodation n.住处;停留处;膳宿→accommodate vt.容纳;为(某人)提供住宿 9.admire vt.钦佩;赞赏→admiration n.钦佩;赞赏→admirable adj.令人钦佩的 10.architecture n.建筑设计;建筑学→architect n. 建筑设计师→architectural adj.建筑学的;建筑方面的 11.civilisation n.文明;文明世界→civilise vt.使文明;教化→civilised adj.文明的;开化的 12.economy n.经济;节约→economic adj.经济(上)的;经济学的→economical adj.经济的;节约的→economics n.经济学→economist n.经济学家 13.detail n.细节;详情;细微之处→detailed adj.详细的;细致的
重 点 词 块 1.apply for 　　　　　　　　申请 2.take control of 控制;接管 3.(be) unique to sb/sth (某人、地或事物)独具的、特有的 4.other than 除……以外 5.package tour 包价旅游 6.make up　　　　　　　构成;形成 7.credit card 信用卡 8.check in (在旅馆、机场等)登记 9.check out 结账离开(旅馆等) 10.can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事 11.be known as 作为……而出名
重 点 句 型 1.正因为如此,西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。(强调句型) It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru. 2.特别令人惊叹的是印加人的干式石头搭砌的建造方法。(表语前置引起的倒装) Especially amazing is the Incas’ dry stone method of building. 3.印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸,仅仅凭着石头间的完美契合,即可稳固墙体。(so that引导结果状语从句) Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones. 4.那里有8 000多座俑像,直到20世纪70年代才为人所知,真是非常神奇。(it 作形式主语) It’s amazing that there are more than 8,000 statues, and no one in modern times knew about them until the 1970s. 5.每个俑像的相貌都不相同,这让研究人员认为每座俑像都是一名真实士兵的形象。(现在分词短语作结果状语) Each statue has a different face,leading researchers to believe that each one is a copy of a real soldier.
形容词变名词的后缀“-cy” 集锦:
①emergent→emergency紧急情况　②fluent→fluency流利;熟练　　③frequent→frequency频率;频繁④efficient→efficiency效率
⑤urgent→urgency紧迫性 ⑥private→privacy隐私
⑦accurate→accuracy准确(性) ⑧sufficient→sufficiency充分
⑨relevant→relevancy相关性⑩adequate→adequacy充足
consistent→consistency一致性 transparent→transparency透明度
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷) The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories,10 to 20 pages each,with characters that broadened my view (视野) and touched my heart. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)The fuels for transport need to be not just green,cheap and powerful (power),but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) Ho recognises (recognise) the psychological benefit of helping kids keep up with their peers (同龄人) outside the hospital. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Over time,I’ve found myself feeling extremely (extreme)at home here. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Families who volunteer together have the unique (特有的) experience of working toward a common goal. 6.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) Ludlow is known as the Foodie Centre of England. 7.(2025·浙江1月卷)Beautiful year-round,they invite you to enjoy the smallest detail (细微之处),from the sound of grasses in the gentle wind to the sculpture of odd-looking seed heads. 8.(2025·浙江1月卷) “I think it’s an amazing (amaze) idea,” says Tanya Perilli,who owns a clothing rental shop. 9.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Groups of five or more require special arrangements (arrange) and must be confirmed in advance. 10.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) “With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application (apply),”said Barnabas Daru... 11.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Travel promotes understanding,expands our minds,makes us better people,and boosts local economies (economy) and communities,but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations (destination). 12.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner,experienced or advanced walker to enjoy the challenges of Carlow’s mountain hikes (徒步旅行) or the peace of its woodland walks. 13.(2024·浙江1月卷) But this highly informed,self-educated,and admirable (admire) person prevented me doing so. 14.(2024·全国甲卷) It’s important to slow down(重要的是放慢脚步) and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. 15.(2023·全国乙卷)...Beijing is also a place which welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life,with 21st-century architectural (architect) wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. 16.(2023·全国乙卷)However,Tan passed the official (office) exam.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.apply vi.& vt.申请;请求vt.应用;涂(油漆、乳剂)
①Perhaps I should apply this mind trick to other challenges,and maybe I can conquer them as well.
②[通知]Any applicant who would like to apply for this position should send us an application before 15 May.(apply)
③[动作描写]他迅速将绷带敷在流血的伤口上,希望能止住流血。
He quickly applied the bandage to the bleeding wound,hoping it would stop the flow of blood.
④[建议信]如果你专心学习,你迟早会取得更多的进步。
If you apply yourself to your learning,you can make much more progress sooner or later.
2.amazing adj.令人惊奇的;令人惊喜的
①To my surprise,the amazing news amazed the family but their neighbours were not amazed at all.(amaze)
②[心理描写]参观博物馆的 AI 展览时,我惊叹地看着古诗转化为 3D 动画,突然意识到科技是如何为文化遗产注入新活力的。
Visiting a museum’s AI exhibition,I watched in amazement as ancient poems transformed into 3D animations,realising how technology breathes new life into cultural heritage.
③[情绪描写]令我惊讶的是,正是我心仪的大学录取了我,这使我非常高兴。
To my amazement,it was my ideal university that admitted me,which made me float on air.
3.arrangement n.安排;筹备
①[2023·浙江1月卷]What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols,but the inside too,not just how they are arranged(arrange)but what they mean.
②[告知信]我将安排我的搭档去机场接你,期待很快见到你。
I will arrange for my partner to pick you up at the airport.Looking forward to seeing you soon.
③[通知]如有意向,请于下周四下午5点前到办公室报名,以便我们做好必要的安排。
If interested,please sign up at the office before 5 p.m.next Thursday so that we can make necessary arrangements.
4.recognise (NAmE-ize) vt.辨别出;承认;认可
①[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷]Shanghai may be the recognised (recognise) home of the soup dumplings, but food historians will actually point you to the neighbouring canal town of Nanxiang as xiao long bao’s birthplace.
②[推荐信]西安古城被认为是对中国历史文化感兴趣的旅行者的必游之地。
The ancient city of Xi’an is recognised as a must-visit destination for travellers interested in Chinese history and culture.
③人们普遍认为,旅行不仅能开阔眼界,还能增进我们对不同文化的理解。
It is widely recognised that travelling not only broadens our horizons but also deepens our understanding of different cultures.
④[主旨升华]不要等到别人对你微笑你才对别人友善,不要等到孤独才明白朋友的价值。
Don’t wait for a smile to be nice,and don’t wait to be lonely to recognise the value of a friend.
5.contact vt.联络;联系 n.联系;接触
①Nowadays,few people keep in contact with friends by writing letters.
②My father and his friend have been out of contact with each other for nearly 30 years.
③[通知]如果你想了解这个活动的更多细节,请随时通过010-1234765与我们联系。
If you want to know more details about the activity,please don’t hesitate to contact us at 010-1234765.
6.request n.(正式或礼貌的)要求;请求vt.(正式或礼貌地)要求;请求
①[推荐信] At your request,I’m writing to recommend several must-see spots that are widely recognised as perfect for first-time travellers.
②He made a request for participating in the volunteer programme.
③[通知]据要求,任何想申请该课程的人都应在截止日期前在线登记个人信息。
It is requested that anyone who wants to apply for the course (should) register personal information online before the deadline.
动词request 后的宾语从句及名词request后的表语从句或同位语从句要用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”。
7.view n.视野;景色;看法 vt.把……视为;以……看待;观看
A.景色　B.看法;观点　C.视线　D.观看
①Sit down—you are blocking my view. 　C　
②In my view,online learning is a significant way to study. 　B　
③I am very glad to get an opportunity to view the movie with you. 　D　
④Hikers who reached the mountaintop could enjoy a open view of the green valleys beneath them.　A　
⑤[情绪描写]当我站在山顶上时,整个城市映入我的眼帘,我顿时激动不已。我认为这次旅行是一次难忘的经历。
When I stood on the top of the mountain,the whole city came into my view and I was seized by excitement.I viewed the trip as an unforgettable experience.
8.sight n.景象;视野;视力
①As we turned the corner,a beautiful lake came into sight (映入眼帘).
②The old bookstore looked unremarkable at first sight(乍一看),but inside held countless rare treasures.
③[动作描写]小女孩一看到生日蛋糕就高兴地跳了起来。
The little girl jumped with joy at the sight of the birthday cake.
④[场景描写]在茂密的森林中徒步时,我们不小心走错了路,很快就看不到标记的小径,这让我们有点紧张。
While hiking through the dense forest,we accidentally took a wrong turn and soon lost sight of the marked path,which made us a bit nervous.
9.other than 除……以外
①The application letter should be brief and no more than(不超过) one page in length.
②[2025·新课标Ⅰ卷] It’s estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than(超过) double by 2050.
③[2025·新课标Ⅰ卷] But in samples with less than(少于) 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate,boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent.
④[2024·全国甲卷] It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than (而不是) just something to eat in between meetings.
10.强调句型
[教材原句] It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.
正因为如此,西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。
①[主旨升华]正是你的努力决定了你是否能够成功。
It is your effort that determines whether you can succeed.
②正是来自一个陌生人的意外帮助改变了她的人生轨迹。
It was the unexpected help from a stranger that changed the course of her life.
③[主旨升华]正是他的毅力和不放弃的决心帮助他赢得了比赛。
It was his perseverance and determination not to give up that helped him win the game.
④I didn’t realise a small act of care could melt people’s loneliness until I experienced the event.
→Not until I experienced the event did I realise a small act of care could melt people’s loneliness.(倒装句)
→ It was not until I experienced the event that I realised a small act of care could melt people’s loneliness.(强调句型)
①判断句子是不是强调句型,就是把句子中的It is/was和that/who去掉后,语序加以调整,如果能还原为完整句子且句意依然完整,则为强调句型;
②该强调句型强调除谓语动词以外的句子成分(句子的主语、宾语或状语);
③被强调部分为“人”时用that/who,被强调部分为“事物”时用that。
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] My dad and I are both looking forward to going to the Shaanxi History Museum, ①because my dad loves history and I have heard ②that this museum is known as a “Chinese treasure house”!
尝试分析:本句为主从复合句。句中①为because引导的原因状语从句,该从句中有两个由and连接的并列分句,在第二个并列分句中,②为that引导的宾语从句。
自主翻译:爸爸和我都期待着参观陕西历史博物馆,因为我爸爸热爱历史,而我听说这家博物馆被誉为“中国宝库”!
情境仿写:我和妈妈都盼望着去故宫博物院,因为妈妈喜爱古代建筑,而我早就听说这座博物馆被誉为“艺术殿堂”。
My mom and I are both looking forward to going to the Palace Museum,because my mom loves ancient architecture and I have heard that this museum is regarded as the “palace of art”.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.apply
A.vi.& vt.申请,请求　B.vt.涂(油漆、乳剂) C.vt.应用 D.v.使全神贯注于
①We should apply the new learning methods for the purpose of improving our learning efficiency.　C　
②Having known that a Chinese painting exhibition will be held at the gallery next month,I’m writing to apply to become a volunteer.　A　
③Apply a thin layer of sunscreen evenly on your skin before going outdoors.　B　
④If you apply yourself to studying,you’ll pass the exam.　D　
2.pack
A.v.收拾(行李);打包　　　B.v.包装 C.v.挤满,装满 D.n.背包
①These chocolates are packed in elegant gift boxes for sale.　B　
②The stadium was packed with excited fans cheering for their team.　C　
③She briefly packed some living necessities and stepped on the train to a strange city.　A　
④It may not seem like a long way but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack,my legs were on fire.
　D　
3.写出语段中黑体词的含义
Our travel group,made up① of six friends,designed an exciting plan for our trip.But on the way,two of us argued about the route during the trip.After discussion,they made up②.Then we set off quickly to make up③ for the time wasted in the argument.
我们这个由六位朋友①组成的旅行团为我们的旅程设计了一个令人兴奋的计划。然而途中,我们中的两位成员因路线问题发生了争执。经过讨论后,他们②重归于好了。随后我们加快行程,以③弥补因争吵而浪费的时间。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) Then he tried acupuncture,an ancient Chinese practice,and was amazed (amaze) that he improved after two or three treatments.
2.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)However,if I need to check(check) the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage,there’s nothing better.
3.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world,it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely (extreme) popular spots.
4.(2024·全国甲卷)Your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its memory and use it to recognise (recognise) you in the future.
5.(2024·浙江1月卷)Over the last two years,some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs (pack)...
6. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed (detail) exploration of what it asks and why it works...
7.(2023·全国甲卷) She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd.
8.(2023·浙江1月卷)Most long-distance trains,especially the sleeping car accommodations (accommodation),sell out very quickly.
9.It is requested (request) that all the visitors should not take pictures of the exhibitions.
10.Whatever she says will not make any difference to our arrangements (arrange).
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 告知信—丰富自我—暑假旅游计划
　　假设你是李华,你的新西兰朋友Terry写邮件询问你今年暑假的旅游计划。请你根据以下要点用英文给他回一封电子邮件。
[场景演练]
1.很长时间没有联系,收到你的邮件真令人惊喜!我现在写邮件来回答你对我的暑假安排的询问。(contact,amazing,in response to)
Long time no contact,it’s amazing to receive your email!I am writing in response to your enquiry about my summer holiday plan.
2.我一直非常欣赏中国古代的建筑设计。(admire,architecture,extremely)
I have always been admiring ancient Chinese architecture extremely.
3.因此,我已经做好了在暑假去参观故宫博物院和颐和园的旅行安排。(arrangement)
As a consequence,I’ve already made the travel arrangements for visiting the Palace Museum and the Summer Palace during the summer holiday.
4.它们是中国古代建筑艺术的象征,代表着中国人民的智慧。(symbol,represent)
They are the symbols of ancient Chinese architectural art,and represent the wisdom of Chinese people.
5.并且我打算乘飞机去北京,因为我的家离那里很远。(be doing,flight)
And I am planning to take a flight to Beijing,since my home is very far from there.
6.你暑假有什么计划 期待收到你的来信。
What’s your plan for the summer holiday Looking forward to your reply.
[句式升级]
将第4句用现在分词作状语进行改写升级。
They are the symbols of ancient Chinese architectural art,representing the wisdom of Chinese people.
[连句成篇]
Dear Terry,
Long time no contact,it’s amazing to receive your email!I’m writing in response to your enquiry about my summer holiday plan.
I have always been admiring ancient Chinese architecture extremely.As a consequence, I’ve already made the travel arrangements for visiting the Palace Museum and the Summer Palace during the summer holiday.They are the symbols of ancient Chinese architectural art,representing the wisdom of Chinese people.
And I am planning to take a flight to Beijing,since my home is very far from there.
What’s your plan for the summer holiday Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
　　在公园里漫步时,我突然瞥见一个孩子。他正凝视着池塘。我很好奇,所以停了下来,朝同样的方向望去。我发现一只美丽的天鹅在池塘里悠闲地游动。当我目不转睛地盯着它时,一对年长的夫妇从我身旁经过,他们的目光也落在这宁静的景色上。
I was walking through the park when I suddenly ①caught a glimpse of a child.
He ②was staring at the pond.
I was curious,so I stopped and ③gazed in the same direction.
④I spotted a beautiful swan was swimming leisurely in the pond.
As ⑤I fixed my eyes on it,an elderly couple passed by me,⑥their eyes falling on the peaceful scenery as well.
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　　　vt.看见;注意到;发现 n.地点;处所;斑点;污迹 2.　　　　 vi.& modal v.胆敢;敢于 3.　　　　 n.种类;类别 4.　　　　 vt.延迟;延期;延缓 5.　　　　 n.歌剧 6.　　　　 vt.& vi.拥抱;抱紧 7.　　　　　　n.举止;行为方式;方法;[pl.]礼貌;礼仪 8.　　　　 adv.顺楼梯而下;在楼下;往楼下 9.　　　　 n.楼梯;梯级 10.　　　　 n.& vi.皱眉 11.　　　　 adv.其实;实际上;当然;确实 12.　　　　 vt.维持;保持;维修;保养
阅 读 词 汇 1.loan　　　n.　　　　　　　 2.plastic n.　　　 adj.　　　　　　　 3.bet n.　　　　　　　 vi.& vt.　　　　　　　 vt.　　　　　　　 4.consulate n.　　　　　　　 5.mining n.　　　　　　　 6.beneath adv.& prep.　　　　　　　 7.odd adj.　　　　　　　 8.nowhere adv.　　　　　　　 9.extent n.　　　　　　　 10.dinosaur n.　　　　　　　 11.duty　　　　n.　　　　　　　 12.sequence vt.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 13.tailor n.　　　　　　　 vt.　　　　　　　 14.clerk n.　　　　　　　 15.element n.　　　　　　　 16.plot n.　　　　　　　 17.ambassador n.　　　　　　　 18.upper-class adj.　　　　　　　 19.upper adj.　　　　　　　 20.saying n.　　　　　　　 21.external adj.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 n.基础;根据;基点→　　　　 adj.基本的;基础的→　　　　 vt.以……为据点;把……设在→　　　　 adv.基本上 2.　　　　 (also apologize) vi.道歉;谢罪→ 　　　　 n.道歉;谢罪;致歉→　　　　 adj.道歉的;谢罪的 3.　　　　 vt.忽视;对……不予理会→　　　　 adj.无知的;愚昧的→　　　　 n.无知;愚昧 4.　　　　 vt.& vi.评价;评判;判断 n.法官;审判员;裁判员→　　　　 n.判断力;看法;评价 5.　　　　 n.(戏剧或歌剧的)场;现场;场面→　　　　 n.风景;景色→　　　　 adj.风景优美的;舞台布景的 6.　　　　 n.(书、戏剧或电影中的)叙述者;讲述者;(电视节目中的)幕后解说员→ 　　　　 n.叙述;讲述;解说→　　　　 vt.讲(故事);叙述;解说 7.　　　　 n.仆人;用人→　　　　 n.服务→　　　　 vt.为……服务;提供 8.　　　　 vi.& vt.(船)航行;(人)乘船航行→　　　　 n.水手→　　　　 n.航行
拓 展 词 汇 9.　　　　 n.耐心;忍耐力;毅力→　　　　 adj.有耐心的 n.病人→　　　　 adj.不耐烦的;没有耐心的→　　　　 n.不耐烦 10.　　　　 vt.& vi.表明;显示 vt.象征;暗示→　　　　 n.暗示;提示 11.　　　　 n.义务;职责;责任→　　　　 vt.迫使;强迫→　　　　 adj.感激的;感谢的 12.　　　　 n.打算;计划;意图;目的→　　　　 vt.计划;打算→　　　　 adj.故意的;蓄意的→　　　　 adv.故意地 13.　　　　 n.音乐剧 adj.音乐的→　　　　 n.音乐→　　　　 n.音乐家 14.　　　　 vt.追求;致力于→　　　　 n.追求;追寻 15.　　　　 vi.犹豫;迟疑;顾虑→　　　　 n.犹豫;迟疑 16.　　　　 adv.最后;终于→　　　　 adj.最终的 17.　　　　 n.可选择的事物;选择;选择权→　　　　 adj.可选择的;选修的 18.　　　　 adj.宽阔的;广阔的;广泛的→ 　　　　 v.(使)变宽;(使)扩大→　　　　 adv.宽广地;广泛地 19.　　　　 adj.愿意;乐意→　　　　 adv.欣然地;乐意地→　　　　 n.乐意;心甘情愿→　　　　 adj.不愿意的;不情愿的 20.　　　　 adj.典型的;正常的;一般的;精神正常的 n.常态;通常标准;一般水平→ 　　　　 adv.正常地;通常;平常→　　　　 adj.不正常的;反常的 21.　　　　 vt.& vi.允许;准许;使有可能→　　　　 n.准许;许可;批准;许可证
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　　　在某事的基础上;根据某事 2.　　　　　　　 取得贷款 3.　　　　　　　 作为回报;作为回应 4.　　　　　　　 打个赌 5.　　　　　　　 事实上;其实;说真的 6.　　　　　　　 偶然地;意外地 7.　　　　　　　 说实话;坦率地说 8.　　　　　　　 应该;应当 9.　　　　　　　　　　即将或正要(做某事) 10.　　　　　　　 以防;以防万一 11.　　　　　　　 到……程度;在……程度上 12.　　　　　　　　 值班;值勤 13.　　　　　　　 以一种……的方式;带着 一副……的样子 14.　　　　　　　 既然那样;假使那样的话 15.　　　　　　　 愿意或乐意做某事
重 点 句 型 1.是那条船把你带到了英国。(强调句) And 　　　　　　　　　　　　 brought you to England. 2.那正是我们给你这封信的原因。(why引导的表语从句) That’s 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 3.听到大卫将在这部剧中扮演恐龙的消息,我非常惊讶,高兴地给了他一个拥抱。(so...that...句型) I was 　　　　　　　　　　　　 that David would play the role of the dinosaur in the play 　　　　 　 　　　　　　　　　　　. 4.记得当时我以为我(手里)永远不会握着这样一张钞票……(倒装句) I remember thinking that 　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　... 5.……似乎城里的每个银行家和裁缝都渴望见到你。(it作形式主语) ...　　　　　　　　 every banker and tailor in the city is eager to meet you.
动词变名词的后缀“-y” 集锦:
①apologise→apology 道歉　　　　②discover→discovery发现　　　　③deliver→delivery递送
④recover→recovery恢复 ⑤injure→injury伤害 ⑥master→mastery精通
⑦inquire→inquiry询问;调查 ⑧flatter→flattery奉承 ⑨memorise→memory记忆
⑩assemble→assembly集会;议会
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)She has every 　　　　 (intend) of staying and continuing doing what she loves. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)　　　　 (eventual),my brother decided to leave rather than force the issue. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories,10 to 20 pages each,with characters that 　　　　 (broad) my view and touched my heart. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and 　　　　 (maintain) overall health longer than others their age. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)I feared that my classmates might grow tired of my efforts or even lose 　　　　 (patient) with me. 6.(2025·浙江1月卷)Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged when you tailor (　　　　) your communications to their interests. 7.(2025·浙江1月卷)Any restrictions established by the lending library will 　　　　　　　　 (indicate) on the label. 8.(2025·浙江1月卷)This platform is not only reserved for professional cooks,but also for those 　　　　　　　　 (乐意……) discover new experiences. 9.(2024· 新课标Ⅰ卷)I flashed him an 　　　　 (apologise) smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard. 10.(2024· 新课标Ⅰ卷)“Sometimes 　　　　 surprises me that it works so well,” he says.“I will do anything to help an animal.That’s my job.” 11.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world,it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular 　　　　 (地点). 12.(2024· 新课标Ⅱ卷)Inside the office,they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic (　　　　). 13.(2024·北京卷)To facilitate our comprehension of the world,we build models 　　　　 (base) on conceptual metaphors that are familiar to us. 14.(2024·北京卷)...I dreamed that a big woman in red approached me,handed me a bag of paints,and told me to start painting.The dream felt so authoritative 　　　　 it shook me. 15.(2024·北京卷)Once a pair has been determined to be suitable,the students will be contacted individually with a special 　　　　 (permit) number to register for the programme. 16.(2024·浙江1月卷)A 35-minute hand-clapping,foot-stomping 　　　　 (music) version of a Mark Twain favorite returns with this Tall Stacks festival. 17.(2024·浙江1月卷)This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to experiment with dozens of titles that I would never 　　　　 (normal) consider buying.
18.(2023·浙江1月卷)It is this 　　　　 distinguishes humans from machines. 19.(2023·浙江1月卷)And I have to manage a staff of 12 people.It can be quite a difficult situation sometimes.That’s 　　　　 I am here today. 20.(2023·北京卷)　　　　 (确实),when it comes to environmental transformations,we can develop a form of collective “poor memory”,and each new generation can believe the state of affairs they encounter is nothing out of the ordinary.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.apologise(=apologize) vi.道歉;谢罪
①[道歉信] I would like to make an apology to you 　　　　 accidentally knocking you down during the basketball game yesterday.
②[情感描写] 盯着那封皱巴巴的信,他羞愧难当,意识到自己欠她一个真诚的道歉。
Staring at the crumpled letter,he burned with shame,realising that he 　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　.
③[动作描写] 他深吸一口气,走近了一步,低头看着自己的鞋子,向他的妈妈道歉:“我不该那么说。”
Taking a deep breath,he stepped closer,looked down at his shoes,and 　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　,“I shouldn’t have said that.”
2.judge vt.& vi.评价;评判;判断 n.法官;审判员;裁判员
①I don’t really want to make any 　　　　 (judge) on the decisions they made.
②　　　　 (judge) from your dress and appearance,it seems that you’re looking forward to today’s school activities.
③[建议信] 我认为,加入校戏剧社对你来说是一个非常好的选择。
　　　　　　　　　　　　,joining the school drama club will be a great choice for you.
④[邀请信] 我写信是想邀请你在我们学校将要举行的英语演讲比赛中担任评委。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 at our English speech contest to be held in our school.
⑤[主旨升华] 永远不要以貌取人,因为真正的美来自内在。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,for true beauty comes from the inside.
judging from/by用在句首作为一个独立成分,不受句子主语和时态的影响,只用现在分词形式作状语。
3.spot vt.看见;注意到;发现 n.地点;处所;斑点;污迹
A.vt.看见,注意到　　B.n.地点　　C.n.斑点
①In the forest,they searched for a long time until they discovered a hidden spot that seemed perfect for their campsite.　　　　
②The white dress was ruined by the red ink spots,which made her very upset.　　　
③The little coffee house,a quiet spot 　　　　 I often pass by,is a good place where we can discuss the matter without being disturbed.
④[动作描写] 我发现自己的书桌布满了颜料滴,路过的汤姆二话不说当场就帮我擦掉了。
I found my desk 　　　　　　　　 drops of paints,and Tom,who passed by,helped me wipe them off 　　　　　　　　 without saying a word.
⑤[动作描写] 在公园散步时,我注意到一个小女孩正在喂猫,路过的摄影师发现了她这个善意的举动并捕捉到了这个温馨的画面。
While strolling in the park,I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,and her kind gesture
　　　　　　　　　　　　 a passing photographer who captured the heartwarming scene.
spot作“地点”讲,作定语从句的先行词时,从句如果缺少状语则用where引导,从句如果缺少主语或宾语则用that/which引导。
4.patience n.耐心;忍耐力;毅力
①The doctor is very 　　　　 with his 　　　　,even when they keep asking the same questions,he still tries to explain 　　　　,and never yells at them 　　　　,showing great
　　　　 and perseverance.(patient)
②[神态描写] 她给了我一个安慰的微笑,一边点头一边耐心地听着。
She gave me a comforting smile and nodded while 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
③[求职信] 我耐心地反复解答问题,确保每一位同学都感到自己被支持、被重视。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,ensuring every student feels supported and valued.
5.hesitate vi.犹豫;迟疑;顾虑
①He hesitated 　　　　 accepting the new job offer,considering the long working hours and high pressure.
②[心理描写] 小男孩因被众多观众吓到而迟疑着不敢走上舞台。
Frightened by the large audience,the little boy 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
③[动作描写] 为打破尴尬的沉默,他毫不犹豫地大步向前,轻声说了一句真诚的道歉。
To break the awkward silence,he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and murmured a sincere apology.
6.permission n.准许;许可;批准;许可证
①His father wouldn’t permit him 　　　　 (drive) there.Without his father’s 　　　　 (permit),he had no choice but to go there by bus or on a bike.
②[通知] 如果天气允许,比赛将于下午两点在我校体育馆举行。
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(独立主格结构)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(条件句)
③[动作描写] 吉米兴奋地跑进家,他还没来得及喘口气,就请求母亲允许他去滑冰。
Jimmy excitedly ran into his house,and before he could catch a breath,he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
permit 用作不及物动词,表示“时间、条件、天气等允许的话”时,常用于独立主格结构,即“名词+动词-ing形式”。
7.in case 以防;以防万一
①[通知] Please provide your phone number 　　　　　　　　 (以防) we need to contact you about the schedule change.
②[建议信] Given the changeable weather,you’d better carry an umbrella 　　　　　　　　　　 (以防) rain.
③[动作描写] “　　　　　　　　 (既然那样),” he said quietly,reaching for his worn backpack, “I’ll find another way.”
④[主旨升华] 我们决不能向困难低头。
①in case可用作连词,引导从句,也可以单独使用,常位于句末,相当于一个副词。
②当case作先行词且引导词在定语从句中作状语时,要用where引导定语从句。
8.含否定意义的词或短语置于句首引起的部分倒装
[教材原句] I remember thinking that never would I hold such a note as this...
记得当时我以为我(手里)永远不会握着这样一张钞票……
①[倡议书] Our oceans will never be protected without the meaningful cooperation of all the human beings.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(改为倒装句)
②[动作描写] He didn’t move or utter a sound,just frozen like a statue.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(改为用neither...nor...连接的倒装句)
③[邀请信] 在其他任何地方你都不会发现如此多样的文化,因此请接受我诚挚的邀请。
Nowhere else 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,so please accept my sincere invitation.
④[动作描写] 我还没来得及喘口气,大家都围上来对我表示热烈祝贺。
No sooner 　　　　　　　　　　　　 than everyone crowded around me with warm congratulations.
当含有否定意义的词或短语位于句首时,句子需用部分倒装,即:否定词+助动词/情态动词/be+主语。
这样的词或短语有:
全部否定意义的副词:never/not/neither/nor/nowhere等。
部分否定意义的副词:hardly/scarcely/rarely/seldom/little等。
否定意义的短语:at no time/by no means/in no case/in no way/on no condition/on no account等。
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] Then he folds the bill and slowly unfolds it again,①as if looking at something ②he can’t believe is there.
尝试分析:这是一个主从复合句。主句是　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　。①为as if引导的　　　　了主语和部分谓语的　　　　从句;②是一个省略了关系代词　　　　的　　　　从句,修饰先行词　　　　。
自主翻译:
情境仿写:她拿起那封年代久远的信,轻柔地反复摩挲着泛黄的信纸,仿佛触摸着一件她不敢相信还能再次拥有的珍宝。
She picked up the old letter,gently stroking the yellowed paper over and over,　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·浙江1月卷)Loan periods are established by the lending library.　　　　　　　
②(2025·浙江1月卷)Compared to traditional garden plots,they increase carbon absorption,reduce stormwater runoff and boost habitat and biodiversity significantly.　　　　　　　
③(2025·浙江1月卷)Kevin followed out and told the arriving police officers what had happened. They pursued and arrested the man.　　　　　　　
④(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school,with the book as a focus for relations between the generations.　　　　　　　
⑤(2023·全国甲卷)Now as a judge of the competition,I can see clearly the huge challenges facing the musicians in the competition.　　　　　　　
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
After scanning the hiking map for a safe camping spot①,the ranger suddenly pointed and exclaimed,“I spot② a rare bird in that tree!”As they approached,however,a dark spot③ on the bird’s wing suggested it might be injured.
护林员仔细查看徒步地图寻找安全的露营①　　　　后,突然指向远处喊道:“我②　　　　那棵树上有只珍稀鸟类!”然而在他们靠近时,鸟儿翅膀上一块深色③　　　　表明它可能受伤了。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)The city I live in is very flat and close to the waterline,and rising sea levels are already creating floods.So I decided to do something to make it impossible 　　　　　　　　 (ignore).
2.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)　　　　 (permit) of parents and activity fees are required to participate in all field trips.
3.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time,and if the past is any 　　　　 (indicate),he may be right...
4.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)When I was about 　　　　　　　　 (give) up,Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend.
5.(2023·全国甲卷)However,research suggests that if we practiced 　　　　 (patient),we’d be a whole lot better off.
6.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)This process requires you to step away from 　　　　 (option) online activities for thirty days.
7.The 　　　　 (serve) bowed politely and opened the door for the guests.
8.She had no 　　　　 (hesitate) in accepting the invitation.
9.It is proposed that the sports meeting 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (postpone) due to the awful weather.
10.By learning when to ask for help,I 　　　　 (eventual) found myself on the way to becoming an independent scientist.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入]发言稿—学校生活—读书分享
假设你是李华,学校将于下周举办好书共读活动,你将代表班级在此次分享活动中介绍马克·吐温的《百万英镑》。请你写一篇发言稿,内容包括:(1)小说的概况;(2)你的感想;(3)推荐阅读。
[场景演练]
1.我很开心向大家推荐我最喜欢的书籍《百万英镑》。
2.这是马克·吐温的一部著名小说,其故事情节非常吸引人。(plot)
3.亨利发现自己被强风刮到了海上,当他正要放弃时,他被一艘船发现了。(be about to do sth,spot)
4.来到英格兰后,他被两个富裕的兄弟选中,他们打了个赌,愿意借给亨利一张面值百万英镑的钞票,目的是看看他的结局。(make a bet,be willing to do sth,intention)
5.最后,亨利成了真正的百万富翁。(eventually)
6.这个故事是以一种略带夸张且讽刺的方式讲述的,并且在阅读的时候一直让我发笑。
7.除了收获了快乐,我还学习到造就一个人的不是金钱,而是品德和良好品质。(强调句)
8.总而言之,《百万英镑》是一本值得一读的书,我相信你们肯定会喜欢。
[句式升级]
1.将第1句和第2句用同位语进行改写升级。
2.将第3句用现在分词作状语进行改写升级。
3.将第6句用现在分词作状语进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
要求:请根据P156的线训练,再结合括号中的提示完成句式升级,并续写后续内容,使故事情节更加完整。
　　After a long day at school,Tom was looking forward to going home and relaxing.Little did he know that an unexpected encounter would change the course of his afternoon.①　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (强调句) and started to dash after it.②　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(省略句),he jumped up and down in excitement.As Tom chased the butterfly,his heart was filled with a sense of excitement.The butterfly flew away,but Tom still bounced after it.However,after a while,③　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　(with复合结构),he started to drag his feet as he wandered aimlessly. Eventually,when he got back to his house,he tiptoed,④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(现在分词作结果状语).Tom had no idea that while he was on his little adventure,his mother was anxiously waiting for him.Inside,his mother,⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　(现在分词作伴随状语),was worried about his safety.⑥　
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.exchange　　　n.交换;交流 vt.交换;交流;交易;兑换 2.lecture n.讲座;讲课;教训 vi.(开)讲座;讲课 vt.训斥 3.design n.设计;设计方案 vt.设计;筹划 4.outgoing adj.爱交际的;外向的 5. awkward adj.令人尴尬的;难对付的 6.goal n.目标;球门;射门 7.partner n.同伴;配偶;合伙人 8.improve vi.& vt.改进;改善 9.company n.公司;商行;陪伴 10.revise vt.& vi.修改;修订;复习 11. volunteer　　n.志愿者 12.prefer vt.较喜欢 13.actually adv.事实上;的确 14.topic n.话题;标题 15. obviously adv.显然;明显地 16.quit vi.& vt.(quit,quit)停止;戒掉;离开(工作职位、学校等) 17.schedule n.工作计划;日程安排 vt.安排;预定 18.focus vi.& vt.集中(精力、注意力等);(使)调节焦距 n.中心;重点;焦点 19.adult n.成年人 adj.成年的;成熟的
阅 读 词 汇 1.sex　　　　　n.性别 2.female adj.女(性)的;雌的 n.雌性动(植)物;女子 3.male adj.男(性)的;雄的 n.雄性动(植)物;男子 4.designer n.设计者 5.campus n.校园;校区 6.formal adj.正式的;正规的 7.senior adj.级别(或地位)高的 n.较年长的人 8.experiment n.实验;试验 9.junior adj.地位(或职位、级别)低下的n.职位较低者;(体育运动中)青少年 10.explore vt.& vi.探索;勘探 11.forward adv.(also forwards)向前;前进adj.向前的;前进的 12.flash n.光;信号 vi.闪耀;闪光;发出信号 vt.使闪耀;发出(信号) 13.personality n.性格;个性 14.style n.方式;作风 15.teenage adj.十几岁的(指13至19岁);青少年的 16.teenager 　　 　n.(13至19岁之间的)青少年 17.ballet n.芭蕾舞 18.debate n.辩论;争论 vt.& vi.辩论;争论 19.content n.内容;[pl.]目录;(书、讲话、节目等的)主题 20.movement n.动作;运动;活动;移动 21.greenhouse n.温室;暖房 22.title n.(书、诗歌等的)名称;标题;职称;头衔 23.freshman n.(especially NAmE)(大学或高中)一年级新生 24.graduate vi.& vt.毕业;获得学位 n.毕业生 25.literature n.文学;文学作品 26.extra-curricular adj.课外的;课程以外的 27.extra adj.额外的;附加的 28.editor n.主编;编辑;编者 29.plate n.盘子;碟子 30.adventure n.冒险;奇遇 31.youth n.青年时期;青春 32.expert n.专家;行家 adj.熟练的;内行的;专家的 33.generation n.一代(人)
拓 展 词 汇 1.register vt.& vi.登记;注册→registration n.登记;注册;挂号 2.nation n.国家;民族;国民→national adj.国家的;民族的;全国性的→nationality n.国籍;民族 3.anxious adj.焦虑的;不安的→anxiously adv.焦虑地;不安地→anxiety n.焦虑;担心 4.annoy vt.使恼怒;打扰→annoyed adj.恼怒的;生气的→annoying adj.令人恼怒的 5.frightened adj.惊吓的;害怕的→frighten vt.使惊吓;使害怕→frightening adj.引起恐惧的;令人害怕的→fright n.惊吓;恐怖 6.impress vt.使钦佩;给……留下深刻的好印象vi. 留下印象;引人注目→impression n.印象;感想→impressed adj.对……印象深刻的→impressive adj.令人钦佩的;给人印象深刻的 7.concentrate vi.& vt.集中(注意力);聚精会神→concentration n.集中;专注→concentrated adj.全神贯注的;全力以赴的 8.confident adj.自信的;有把握的→confidence n.信心;信任 9.organise vt.组织;筹备;安排;组建 vi.组建;成立→organisation n.组织;团体;机构→organiser n.组织者;筹备者→organised adj.有条理的 10.strategy n.策略;策划→strategic adj. 根据全局而安排的;战略上的 11.curious adj.好奇的;求知欲强的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n.好奇心;求知欲 12.suitable adj.合适的;适用的→suit vt.适合;适宜 n.套装;西装 13.challenge n.挑战;艰巨任务 vt.怀疑;向……挑战→challenging adj.有挑战性的;考验能力的 14.confuse vt.使糊涂;使迷惑→confusing adj.难以理解的;不清楚的→confused adj.糊涂的;迷惑的→confusion n.困惑;混乱 15.fluent adj.(尤指外语)流利的;熟练的→fluently adv.流利地→fluency n.流利;熟练 16.recommend vt.建议;推荐;介绍→recommendation n.提议;推荐;推荐信 17.advance n.前进;发展 vi.前进;发展 vt.发展;促进→advanced adj.高级的;高等的;先进的 18.responsible adj.负责的;有责任的→responsibility n.责任;义务 19.solution n.解决办法;答案→solve vt.解决;处理 20.survival n.生存;幸存;幸存事物→survive vi.生存;存活 vt.幸存;艰难度过→survivor n.幸存者 21.behaviour n.行为;举止→behave vi.(举止或行为)表现 22.attract vt.吸引;引起……的注意(或兴趣)→attraction n.有吸引力的事物→attractive adj.吸引人的;有吸引力的 23.addict n.对……入迷的人;吸毒成瘾的人→addicted adj.有瘾的;上瘾的;入迷的→addiction n.上瘾;入迷
重 点 词 块 1.at last　　　　　　　　　终于;最终 2.make an impression 留下好印象 3.concentrate on/upon 集中精力于 4.leave ...alone 不打扰;不惊动 5.look forward to 盼望;期待 6.take notes 记笔记 7.be curious about 对……好奇 8.prefer...to... 喜欢……多于…… 9.clean up 打扫(或清除)干净 10.(be) suitable for 对……适合的 11.sign up (for sth) 报名(参加课程) 12.hand out 分发 13.be/get used to (doing) sth 习惯于(做)某事 14.be responsible for　　对……负责 15.keep up with 齐步前进;跟上 16.be well prepared for 为……做好准备 17.be attracted to 喜爱 18.focus on/upon 集中;特别关注 19.(be) addicted to 对……很入迷 20.take courses 上课 21. on one’s own 独自地,单独地 22. make the team 加入队伍 23.try out for 参加……选拔 24.make a fire 生火 25. in a good order 以合适的顺序;井然有序 26.put up 张贴 27.fall behind schedule 进度落后
重 点 句 型 1.要是没人跟我说话怎么办呢 (what if句型) What if no one talks to me 2.我觉得我的大多数同学和老师都很友好,而且乐于助人。(find+宾语+宾语补足语) I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. 3.我的指导老师建议我选修高级文学,因为我喜欢英语而且成绩不错。(recommend+that从句) My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I’m good at it. 4.我会找到一个让自己提高(球技)的方法,这样明年我就能加入球队了。(so that引导目的状语从句) I’ll find a way to improve on my own so that I can make the team next year. 5.……我会为未来上大学或是任何其他事情做好充分准备。(whatever引导宾语从句) ...I’ll be well prepared for university or whatever else comes in the future. 6.我不确定自己能否入选这个团队。(If...or not结构引导宾语从句) I’m not sure if I’ll make the team or not. 7.然而,花费太多时间上网有损健康,也会让你们很难把精力集中在生活中的其他事情上。(make it + adj.+ to do句型) But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to focus on other things in life.
形容词变名词的后缀“-y/-ty/-ity” 集锦:
①anxious→anxiety 焦虑;担心　　　②curious→curiosity好奇心　　③responsible→responsibility负责
④personal→personality性格;个性 ⑤creative→creativity创造力 ⑥real→reality现实
⑦electric→electricity 电;电能 ⑧severe→severity 严重性 ⑨diverse→diversity多样性
⑩safe→safety安全 modest→ modesty谦虚 generous→generosity慷慨;大方
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions(排放). 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Much is still to be settled,but here are some of the solutions (solve) to get us going green. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Each exchange (交换) provided a chance to spare the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have encountered. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)In a Go game,each move should serve a long-term goal (目标). 5.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)His reply came as a surprise—a shock,actually (actual): “Not a chance.” 6.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)As a new unit started,I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic (话题) of their choice. 7.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces,the beauty in the strategic (strategy) placement of the pieces,and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create... 8.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)The movements (移动) of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy,according to Tu Ningning,who is in charge of the exhibition. 9.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)The awkward (令人尴尬的) moment ended with the class erupting into laughter. 10.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Volunteers (volunteer) are also more likely to look after their own health and are more focused on/upon adding physical activity into their lives. 11.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews,it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment (实验)... 12.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)But for me,it was the first challenge(挑战) I encountered as an international student in Ireland.
13.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Flowers are everywhere—hanging baskets,window boxes,and planters—just what you imagine in an attractive (attract)English market town. 14.(2025·浙江1月卷)Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction (addict). 15.(2025·浙江1月卷)Yet as Martin has found in her work,gender is one of the fundamental ways people form connections with objects,particularly those designed (design) with human characteristics. 16.(2025·浙江1月卷) Somehow he wasn’t sure he had done the right thing.“What if(如果……会怎样) he has told the truth ” he thought to himself. 17.(2024·全国甲卷)...18 years before Wyoming became a state,Yellowstone became the first national (nation) park in the United States and the world. 18.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Then he tried acupuncture,an ancient Chinese practice,and was amazed that he improved (improve) after two or three treatments. 19.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I thought my pronunciation was the problem,so I explained again more slowly,but he still looked confused (confuse). 20.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world,it’s actually concentrated (concentrate) to a small number of extremely popular spots. 21.(2024·北京卷) Since there are many factors involved in the pairing process,not all students who sign up will be matched with a partner(同伴) and be able to register for the programme. 22.(2023·浙江1月卷)The last day to cancel registration (register) and receive a full refund(退款) is June 15. 23.(2023·浙江1月卷)Note: The times listed on the schedules(schedule) are departure times,not arrival times. 24.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)...the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin,allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents (content). 25.(2023·北京卷) I half expected a lecture(教训)—at least an “I hope you’ve learnt your lesson”. 26.(2023·北京卷) That project...not only survived(survive) the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn’t.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.exchange n.交换;交流 vt.交换;交流;交易;兑换
①As my sister found the bag too heavy,she exchanged it for a lighter one that was more suitable for travelling.
②[动作描写]当老师宣布突击测验时,学生们面面相觑,个个惊得瞪大了眼睛。
As the teacher announced the surprise quiz,the students exchanged panicked glances,their eyes growing wide with astonishment.
③[演讲稿]我作为交换生在英国已经有几个月了,我非常享受与当地学生交流文化的经历。
I have been an exchange student here in the UK for several months, and I have really enjoyed the experience of exchanging cultures with local students.
2.anxious adj.焦虑的;不安的;渴望的
①I was anxious about my presentation at first,but once I got started,I felt much more confident.
②The little girl was anxious for the doctor’s help,for she was really anxious for her sick mother.
③[情感描写]He tried to hide his anxiety with a smile,but his trembling hands gave him away.
④[情感描写]她咬着嘴唇,走上舞台时感到很焦虑。
She bit her lip,feeling very anxious as she stepped onto the stage.
⑤我如坐针毡,焦急地等待着写作比赛的结果。
I was waiting for the writing contest result anxiously/with anxiety as if I were sitting on pins and needles.
3.frightened adj.惊吓的;害怕的
①When I saw a frightening bear opening its bloody mouth, I was frightened to death. I stood there motionless, with my hair standing on end, not knowing how to frighten it away. (frighten)
②[通知]许多新生害怕在全班面前做演讲,所以我打算组织一个口才练习小组。
Many freshmen are frightened of delivering/ to deliver a speech in front of the whole class,so I plan to organise a speech practice group.
③[心理描写]我非常害怕,感觉我的腿在发抖,手掌在出汗。
Extremely frightened,I felt my legs were trembling and my palms were sweating.
4.impression n.印象;感想
①The activity left a deep impression (impress) on us students and aroused the enthusiasm of us for various plants.
②[告知信]What is most impressive (impress) about the Great Wall is its magnificent scale and historical significance.
③我第一次见他时就对他流利的英语印象深刻。
→When I met him for the first time,his fluent English impressed me deeply.(impress sb)
→The first time I met him,I was deeply impressed with/by his fluent English.(be impressed with/by)
→His fluent English made/left a deep impression on me the first time I saw him.(make/leave an impression on sb)
5.prefer vt.(preferred;preferred;preferring)较喜欢
①Teachers prefer students to review(review) class notes immediately after school,as it significantly improves memory.
②[推荐信]If you have a preference (prefer) for natural scenery,I highly recommend visiting Guilin,where breathtaking karst mountains and the Li River landscapes will surely fascinate you.
③相比周末出去购物,我更喜欢待在家里看书。
I prefer staying at home reading books to going out shopping on weekends.
6.content n.内容;[pl.]目录;(书、讲话、节目等的)主题;满意;含量 vt.满足,知足 adj.满意的;满足的
A.n.目录　B.adj.满意的,满足的C.n.内容 D.n.含量
①I always concentrate on reading the colourful contents of the English newspaper Youth.　C　
②I quickly checked the contents of the English textbook to find the page number of the new grammar lesson.　A　
③The happiness comes when we learn to be content with what we have.　B　
④[动作描写]这对双胞胎心满意足地看着妈妈在享用早餐,感觉幸福极了。
The twins watched their mother enjoying breakfast to their hearts’ content, feeling on top of the world.
7.confuse vt.使糊涂;使迷惑;(将……)混淆
①They asked me many confusing questions.I was totally confused,standing there in confusion. (confuse)
②[人物描写]玛丽,既困惑又好奇,打开了那个神秘的盒子,她的眼中充满了期待。
Confused and curious,Mary opened the mysterious box,her eyes full of anticipation.
③[建议信]得知你即将拜访一位中国朋友,但对中国的风俗习惯感到困惑,我写信给你提供一些建议。
Learning that you are about to pay a visit to a Chinese friend and confused about the Chinese customs,I am writing to offer you some advice.
8.advance n.前进;发展 vi.前进;发展 vt.发展;促进
①[演讲稿]Advanced (advance) technology is usually a double-edged sword,which can bring people both benefits and harms.
②It is known to us that we have made advances (advance) in the space technology in the past ten years.
③[通知]任何想要参加高级文学课程的人必须提前报名。
Anyone who wants to take the advanced literature course must sign up for it in advance.
④[神态描写]脸上带着坚定的表情,大卫站了起来,向起跑线前进。
With a determined look spreading on his face,David rose to his feet and advanced on/towards the starting line.
9.concentrate on 集中精力于
①[投诉信]I cannot concentrate my attention on my book with all that noise going on.
②She concentrated on preparing (prepare) for the experiment.
③[求助信]I will lose concentration (concentrate) when I can’t understand what the teacher is saying.
④She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate on (专心于) her studies.
表示“集中精力于……;专心于……”的短语还有:focus/fix one’s attention on sth;be absorbed in sth;be buried in sth;put one’s heart into sth。
10.find+宾语+宾语补足语
[教材原句] I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.
我觉得我的大多数同学和老师都很友好,而且乐于助人。
①[求助信]我来到法国后,发现自己生活在完全陌生的文化中。
After I arrived in France,I found myself living in a completely strange culture.
②[环境描写]日落让天空浸染上温暖的色彩,令观者心中充满宁静。
The sunset found the sky painted with warm colours,filling the viewers’hearts with a sense of peace.
③[主旨升华]最终,他们发现自己的心中充满了爱与宽恕,明白了家庭的真正意义。
In the end, they found their hearts full of love and forgiveness,having learnt the true meaning of family.
④[新闻报道]通过这次活动,所有学生都觉得学习工匠精神和传承传统技艺很有意义。
Through this activity,all students found it meaningful to learn from the craftsmanship spirit and pass down the traditional techniques.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] My adviser recommended ①that I should sign up for advanced literature ②because I like English and I’m good at it.
尝试分析:这是一个主从复合句。主句是My adviser recommended that...。①为that引导的宾语从句,动词recommend在此处表示“建议”,后接宾语从句,从句应用虚拟语气,谓语动词用should+do,其中should可以省略;②为because引导的原因状语从句。
自主翻译:我的指导老师建议我选修高级文学,因为我喜欢英语而且成绩不错。
情境仿写:我强烈推荐你去游览西湖,因为那里风景绝美,还能让你深入了解中国文化。
I highly recommend that you visit West Lake because it offers breathtaking scenery and a deep insight into Chinese culture.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol,the stress hormone(激素) in our body.v.改善
②(2025·浙江1月卷) A novel design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide.n.设计
③(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Farber,a graduate of Colorado State University,started out as a more conventional veterinarian.n.毕业生
④(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner,experienced or advanced walker to enjoy the challenges of Carlow’s mountain hikes or the peace of its woodland walks.adj.高级的
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
After quickly scanning the detailed table of contents① at the beginning of her biology textbook, Lily couldn’t help but feel content②.The lecture notes provided by her teacher were filled with colour-coded diagrams and summarised key points,their contents③ far exceeding her expectations.
莉莉快速翻阅了生物学教科书前面详细的①目录后,不禁感到②心满意足。老师提供的讲义里满是彩色标注的图解和要点总结,其③内容之丰富远超她的预期。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Getting to Shrewsbury Town Centre from London is challenging (challenge) but worth the anxiety (anxious).
2.(2025·浙江1月卷)I’ve been trying out these strategies (strategy) and I’ve found that when I’m less restrictive,they do make better decisions.
3.(2024·浙江1月卷) Having a poor sense of direction, Eva found it impossible to get (get) around in such a huge building.
4.(2024·全国甲卷)Cats have many heightened senses, but their sense of smell is quite impressive (impress).
5.(2024·浙江1月卷)Instead, she focused on reaching the shadow cast on the track by an oak tree up ahead.
6.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) Taking responsibility (responsible) for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them.
7.(2023·全国甲卷)You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying (annoy) situations.
8.I also gave him an attractive (attract) souvenir I had bought at Prague,which he accepted with delight.
9.The advertisement and packaging are methods used to arouse consumers’ curiosity (curious).
10.[传统节日] I’m an exchange student from China and I’m wondering if you could exchange your ideas with me.In exchange for your kindness,I’ll introduce some traditional Chinese festivals to you.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 告知信—学校生活—一堂美术课
　　(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷改编)假定你是李华,上周五你们班在公园上了一堂美术课。请你给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历,内容包括:
(1)你完成的作品;
(2)你的感想。
[场景演练]
1.我写信是想和你分享上周五我在公园里上的一堂美术课。
I am writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday.
2.说实话,我对这样的活动期待已久。(anxious)
To be honest,I had been anxious for such an activity for a long time.
3.这次活动旨在探索自然之美。(be designed to do,explore)
The activity was designed to explore the beauty of nature.
4.怀着对自然的好奇心加之受眼前美景的启发,我决定以公园池塘上的小桥为题材创作一幅水彩画。(curious)
I felt curious about nature and was inspired by the fantastic scenery,so I decided to create a watercolour painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond.
5.宁静的环境帮助我集中注意力,我发现整个过程令人无比放松。(concentrate,find+宾语+宾语补足语)
The peaceful surroundings helped me concentrate and I found the experience incredibly relaxing.
6.完成作品后,我和同学们交流了创作心得。(exchange sth with sb)
After finishing my work,I exchanged ideas with my classmates.
7.有的同学偏爱画花卉,有的则痴迷于描绘天际线。(prefer,be addicted to)
Some preferred painting flowers,while others were addicted to capturing the skyline.
8.整堂课都充满了创意与欢乐。
The whole class was filled with creativity and joy.
9.这次经历将艺术创作与自然相结合,并且确实令人深受启发。
The experience combined creativity and nature and it was truly inspiring.
10.它不仅加深了我对周围微妙之美的欣赏,还培养了我将情感转化为艺术的能力。
It not only deepened my appreciation for the subtle beauty around me but also developed my ability to translate emotions into art.
11.希望下次你能加入我们!
I hope you can join us next time!
[句式升级]
1.将第2句和第3句用非限制性定语从句进行改写升级。
To be honest,I had been anxious for such an activity for a long time,which was designed to explore the beauty of nature.
2.将第4句用形容词短语作状语进行改写升级。
Curious about nature and inspired by the fantastic scenery,I decided to create a watercolour painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond.
3.将第5句用独立主格结构进行改写升级。
The peaceful surroundings helping me concentrate,I found the experience incredibly relaxing.
4.将第9句用现在分词作后置定语进行改写升级。
The experience,combining creativity and nature,was truly inspiring.
[连句成篇]
Dear Chris,
I am writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday.To be honest,I had been anxious for such an activity for a long time,which was designed to explore the beauty of nature.
Curious about nature and inspired by the fantastic scenery,I decided to create a watercolour painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond.The peaceful surroundings helping me concentrate,I found the experience incredibly relaxing.After finishing my work,I exchanged ideas with my classmates.Some preferred painting flowers,while others were addicted to capturing the skyline.The whole class was filled with creativity and joy.
The experience,combining creativity and nature,was truly inspiring.It not only deepened my appreciation for the subtle beauty around me but also developed my ability to translate emotions into art.I hope you can join us next time!
Yours,
Li Hua
notice注意到;留意 gaze凝视;注视 stare凝视;盯着看 glare怒目而视 spot发现 witness见证 peek窥视;偷看 看 glance一瞥 glimpse瞥一眼 blink眨眼 at first sight乍一看 one’s eyes fall on...目光落在…… catch a glimpse of...瞥见;匆匆一看 fix/focus one’s eyes on...目不转睛地盯着
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　　n.交换;交流 vt.交换;交流;交易;兑换 2.　　　　 n.讲座;讲课;教训 vi.(开)讲座;讲课 vt.训斥 3.　　　　 n.设计;设计方案 vt.设计;筹划 4.　　　　 adj.爱交际的;外向的 5.　　　　 adj.令人尴尬的;难对付的 6.　　　　 n.目标;球门;射门 7.　　　　 n.同伴;配偶;合伙人 8.　　　　 vi.& vt.改进;改善 9.　　　　 n.公司;商行;陪伴 10.　　　　 vt.& vi.修改;修订;复习 11.　　　　 　n.志愿者 12.　　　　 vt.较喜欢 13.　　　　 adv.事实上;的确 14.　　　　 n.话题;标题 15.　　　　 adv.显然;明显地 16.　　　　 vi.& vt.(　　　　,　　　　)停止;戒掉;离开(工作职位、学校等) 17.　　　　 n.工作计划;日程安排 vt.安排;预定 18.　　　　 vi.& vt.集中(精力、注意力等);(使)调节焦距 n.中心;重点;焦点 19.　　　　 n.成年人 adj.成年的;成熟的
阅 读 词 汇 1.sex　　　　　n.　　　　　　　 2.female adj.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 3.male adj.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 4.designer n.　　　　　　　 5.campus n.　　　　　　　 6.formal adj.　　　　　　　 7.senior adj.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 8.experiment n.　　　　　　　 9.junior adj.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 10.explore vt.& vi.　　　　　　　 11.forward adv.(also forwards)　　　　 adj.　　　　　　　 12.flash n.　　　　　　　 vi.　　　　　　　 vt.　　　　　　　 13.personality　　　n.　　　　　　　 14.style n.　　　　　　　 15.teenage adj.　　　　　　　 16.teenager n.　　　　　　　 17.ballet n.　　　　　　　 18.debate n.　　　　　　　 vt.& vi.　　　　　　　 19.content n.　　　　　　　 20.movement n.　　　　　　　 21.greenhouse n.　　　　　　　 22.title n.　　　　　　　 23.freshman n.(especially NAmE)　　　　　　　 24.graduate vi.& vt.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 25.literature n.　　　　　　　 26.extra-curricular adj.　　　　　　　 27.extra adj.　　　　　　　 28.editor n.　　　　　　　
阅 读 词 汇 29.plate　　　　　n.　　　　　　　 30.adventure n.　　　　　　　 31.youth n.　　　　　　　 32.expert　　　　n.　　　　　　　 adj.　　　　　　　 33.generation n.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 vt.& vi.登记;注册→　　　　 n.登记;注册;挂号 2.　　　　 n.国家;民族;国民→　　　　 adj.国家的;民族的;全国性的→　　　　 n.国籍;民族 3.　　　　 adj.焦虑的;不安的→　　　　 adv.焦虑地;不安地→　　　　 n.焦虑;担心 4.　　　　 vt.使恼怒;打扰→　　　　 adj.恼怒的;生气的→　　　　 adj.令人恼怒的 5.　　　　 adj.惊吓的;害怕的→　　　　 vt.使惊吓;使害怕→　　　　 adj.引起恐惧的;令人害怕的→　　　　 n.惊吓;恐怖 6.　　　　 vt.使钦佩;给……留下深刻的好印象vi. 留下印象;引人注目→　　　　 n.印象;感想→　　　　 adj.对……印象深刻的→　　　　 adj.令人钦佩的;给人印象深刻的 7.　　　　 vi.& vt.集中(注意力);聚精会神→　　　　 n.集中;专注→　　　　 adj.全神贯注的;全力以赴的 8.　　　　 adj.自信的;有把握的→　　　　 n.信心;信任 9.　　　　 vt.组织;筹备;安排;组建 vi.组建;成立→　　　　 n.组织;团体;机构→　　　　 n.组织者;筹备者→　　　　 adj.有条理的 10.　　　　 n.策略;策划→　　　　 adj. 根据全局而安排的;战略上的 11.　　　　 adj.好奇的;求知欲强的→　　　　 adv.好奇地→　　　　 n.好奇心;求知欲 12.　　　　 adj.合适的;适用的→　　　　 vt.适合;适宜 n.套装;西装 13.　　　　 n.挑战;艰巨任务 vt.怀疑;向……挑战→　　　　 adj.有挑战性的;考验能力的 14.　　　　 vt.使糊涂;使迷惑→　　　　 adj.难以理解的;不清楚的→　　　　 adj.糊涂的;迷惑的→　　　　 n.困惑;混乱 15.　　　　 adj.(尤指外语)流利的;熟练的→　　　　 adv.流利地→　　　　 n.流利;熟练 16.　　　　 vt.建议;推荐;介绍→　　　　 n.提议;推荐;推荐信 17.　　　　 n.前进;发展 vi.前进;发展 vt.发展;促进→　　　　 adj.高级的;高等的;先进的 18.　　　　 adj.负责的;有责任的→　　　　 n.责任;义务 19.　　　　 n.解决办法;答案→　　　　 vt.解决;处理 20.　　　　 n.生存;幸存;幸存事物→　　　　 vi.生存;存活 vt.幸存;艰难度过→　　　　 n.幸存者 21.　　　　 n.行为;举止→　　　　 vi.(举止或行为)表现 22.　　　　 vt.吸引;引起……的注意(或兴趣)→　　　　 n.有吸引力的事物→　　　　 adj.吸引人的;有吸引力的 23.　　　　 n.对……入迷的人;吸毒成瘾的人→　　　　 adj.有瘾的;上瘾的;入迷的→　　　　 n.上瘾;入迷
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　　　终于;最终 2.　　　　　　　 留下好印象 3.　　　　　　　 集中精力于 4.　　　　　　　 不打扰;不惊动 5.　　　　　　　 盼望;期待 6.　　　　　　　 记笔记 7.　　　　　　　 对……好奇 8.　　　　　　　 喜欢……多于…… 9.　　　　　　　 打扫(或清除)干净 10.　　　　　　　 对……适合的 11.　　　　　　　 报名(参加课程) 12.　　　　　　　 分发 13.　　　　　　　 习惯于(做)某事 14.　　　　　　　 对……负责 15.　　　　　　　　　　齐步前进;跟上 16.　　　　　　　 为……做好准备 17.　　　　　　　 喜爱 18.　　　　　　　　 集中;特别关注 19.　　　　　　　 对……很入迷 20.　　　　　　　 上课 21.　　　　　　　 独自地,单独地 22.　　　　　　　 加入队伍 23.　　　　　　　 参加……选拔 24.　　　　　　　 生火 25.　　　　　　　 以合适的顺序;井然有序 26.　　　　　　　 张贴 27.　　　　　　　 进度落后
重 点 句 型 1.要是没人跟我说话怎么办呢 (what if 句型) 　　　　　　　　 no one talks to me 2.我觉得我的大多数同学和老师都很友好,而且乐于助人。(find+宾语+宾语补足语) I 　　　　　　　 　　　　　. 3.我的指导老师建议我选修高级文学,因为我喜欢英语而且成绩不错。(recommend+that从句) My adviser 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 because I like English and I’m good at it. 4.我会找到一个让自己提高(球技)的方法,这样明年我就能加入球队了。(so that引导目的状语从句) I’ll find a way to improve on my own 　　　 　　　. 5.……我会为未来上大学或是任何其他事情做好充分准备。(whatever引导宾语从句) ...I’ll be well prepared for university or 　　 　. 6.我不确定自己能否入选这个团队。(If...or not结构引导宾语从句) I’m not sure 　　　　　　　　　　. 7.然而,花费太多时间上网有损健康,也会让你们很难把精力集中在生活中的其他事情上。(make it + adj.+ to do句型) But spending too much time online is unhealthy and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 other things in life.
形容词变名词的后缀“-y/-ty/-ity” 集锦:
①anxious→anxiety 焦虑;担心　　　②curious→curiosity好奇心　　
③responsible→responsibility负责
④personal→personality性格;个性 ⑤creative→creativity创造力 ⑥real→reality现实
⑦electric→electricity 电;电能 ⑧severe→severity 严重性 ⑨diverse→diversity多样性
⑩safe→safety安全 modest→ modesty谦虚 generous→generosity慷慨;大方
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Moving goods and people around the world is responsible 　　　　 a large part of global CO2 emissions(排放). 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Much is still to be settled,but here are some of the 　　　　 (solve) to get us going green. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Each 　　　　 (交换) provided a chance to spare the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have encountered. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)In a Go game,each move should serve a long-term 　　　　 (目标). 5.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)His reply came as a surprise—a shock,　　　　 (actual): “Not a chance.” 6.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)As a new unit started,I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related 　　　　 (话题) of their choice. 7.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces,the beauty in the 　　　　 (strategy) placement of the pieces,and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create... 8.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)The movements (　　　　) of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy,according to Tu Ningning,who is in charge of the exhibition. 9.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)The 　　　　 (令人尴尬的) moment ended with the class erupting into laughter. 10.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)　　　　 (volunteer) are also more likely to look after their own health and are more focused 　　　　 adding physical activity into their lives. 11.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews,it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment (　　　　)... 12.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)But for me,it was the first 　　　　(挑战) I encountered as an international student in Ireland. 13.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Flowers are everywhere—hanging baskets,window boxes,and planters—just what you imagine in an 　　　　 (attract)English market town. 14.(2025·浙江1月卷)Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy 　　　　 (addict). 15.(2025·浙江1月卷)Yet as Martin has found in her work,gender is one of the fundamental ways people form connections with objects,particularly those 　　　　 (design) with human characteristics. 16.(2025·浙江1月卷) Somehow he wasn’t sure he had done the right thing.“　　　　　　　(如果……会怎样) he has told the truth ” he thought to himself. 17.(2024·全国甲卷)...18 years before Wyoming became a state,Yellowstone became the first 　　　　 (nation) park in the United States and the world. 18.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Then he tried acupuncture,an ancient Chinese practice,and was amazed that he 　　　　 (improve) after two or three treatments. 19.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I thought my pronunciation was the problem,so I explained again more slowly,but he still looked 　　　　 (confuse). 20.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world,it’s actually 　　　　 (concentrate) to a small number of extremely popular spots. 21.(2024·北京卷) Since there are many factors involved in the pairing process,not all students who sign up will be matched with a 　　　　(同伴) and be able to register for the programme. 22.(2023·浙江1月卷)The last day to cancel 　　　　 (register) and receive a full refund(退款) is June 15. 23.(2023·浙江1月卷)Note: The times listed on the 　　　　(schedule) are departure times,not arrival times.
24.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)...the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin,allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their 　　　　 (content). 25.(2023·北京卷) I half expected a 　　　　(教训)—at least an “I hope you’ve learnt your lesson”. 26.(2023·北京卷) That project...not only 　　　　(survive) the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn’t.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.exchange n.交换;交流 vt.交换;交流;交易;兑换
①As my sister found the bag too heavy,she exchanged it 　　　　 a lighter one that was more suitable for travelling.
②[动作描写]当老师宣布突击测验时,学生们面面相觑,个个惊得瞪大了眼睛。
As the teacher announced the surprise quiz,the students 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,their eyes growing wide with astonishment.
③[演讲稿]我作为交换生在英国已经有几个月了,我非常享受与当地学生交流文化的经历。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 here in the UK for several months, and I have really enjoyed the experience of 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
2.anxious adj.焦虑的;不安的;渴望的
①I was anxious 　　　　 my presentation at first,but once I got started,I felt much more confident.
②The little girl was anxious 　　　　 the doctor’s help,for she was really anxious 　　　　 her sick mother.
③[情感描写]He tried to hide his 　　　　 with a smile,but his trembling hands gave him away.
④[情感描写]她咬着嘴唇,走上舞台时感到很焦虑。
She bit her lip,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
⑤我如坐针毡,焦急地等待着写作比赛的结果。
I was waiting for the writing contest result 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　.
3.frightened adj.惊吓的;害怕的
①When I saw a 　　　　 bear opening its bloody mouth, I was 　　　　 to death. I stood there motionless, with my hair standing on end, not knowing how to 　　　　 it away. (frighten)
②[通知]许多新生害怕在全班面前做演讲,所以我打算组织一个口才练习小组。
Many freshmen 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in front of the whole class,so I plan to organise a speech practice group.
③[心理描写]我非常害怕,感觉我的腿在发抖,手掌在出汗。
　　　　　　　　,I felt my legs were trembling and my palms were sweating.
4.impression n.印象;感想
①The activity left a deep 　　　　 (impress) on us students and aroused the enthusiasm of us for various plants.
②[告知信]What is most 　　　　 (impress) about the Great Wall is its magnificent scale and historical significance.
③我第一次见他时就对他流利的英语印象深刻。
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(impress sb)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(be impressed with/by)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(make/leave an impression on sb)
5.prefer vt.(preferred;preferred;preferring)较喜欢
①Teachers prefer students 　　　　(review) class notes immediately after school,as it significantly improves memory.
②[推荐信]If you have a 　　　　 (prefer) for natural scenery,I highly recommend visiting Guilin,where breathtaking karst mountains and the Li River landscapes will surely fascinate you.
③相比周末出去购物,我更喜欢待在家里看书。
6.content n.内容;[pl.]目录;(书、讲话、节目等的)主题;满意;含量 vt.满足,知足 adj.满意的;满足的
A.n.目录　　　　　B.adj.满意的,满足的 C.n.内容 D.n.含量
①I always concentrate on reading the colourful contents of the English newspaper Youth.　　　
②I quickly checked the contents of the English textbook to find the page number of the new grammar lesson.　　　
③The happiness comes when we learn to be content with what we have.　　　
④[动作描写]这对双胞胎心满意足地看着妈妈在享用早餐,感觉幸福极了。
The twins watched their mother enjoying breakfast 　　　　　　　　　　　　, feeling on top of the world.
7.confuse vt.使糊涂;使迷惑;(将……)混淆
①They asked me many 　　　　 questions.I was totally 　　　　,standing there in 　　　　.(confuse)
②[人物描写]玛丽,既困惑又好奇,打开了那个神秘的盒子,她的眼中充满了期待。
　　　　　　　　　　　　,Mary opened the mysterious box,her eyes full of anticipation.
③[建议信]得知你即将拜访一位中国朋友,但对中国的风俗习惯感到困惑,我写信给你提供一些建议。
　 　　　　,I am writing to offer you some advice.
8.advance n.前进;发展 vi.前进;发展 vt.发展;促进
①[演讲稿]　　　　 (advance) technology is usually a double-edged sword,which can bring people both benefits and harms.
②It is known to us that we have made 　　　　 (advance) in the space technology in the past ten years.
③[通知]任何想要参加高级文学课程的人必须提前报名。
Anyone 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 must sign up for it 　　　　　　　　.
④[神态描写]脸上带着坚定的表情,大卫站了起来,向起跑线前进。
With a determined look spreading on his face,David rose to his feet and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
9.concentrate on 集中精力于
①[投诉信]I cannot concentrate my attention 　　　　 my book with all that noise going on.
②She concentrated on 　　　　 (prepare) for the experiment.
③[求助信]I will lose 　　　　 (concentrate) when I can’t understand what the teacher is saying.
④She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to 　　　　　　　　 (专心于) her studies.
表示“集中精力于……;专心于……”的短语还有:focus/fix one’s attention on sth;be absorbed in sth;be buried in sth;put one’s heart into sth。
10.find+宾语+宾语补足语
[教材原句] I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.
我觉得我的大多数同学和老师都很友好,而且乐于助人。
①[求助信]我来到法国后,发现自己生活在完全陌生的文化中。
After I arrived in France,I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
②[环境描写]日落让天空浸染上温暖的色彩,令观者心中充满宁静。
The sunset 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,filling the viewers’hearts with a sense of peace.
③[主旨升华]最终,他们发现自己的心中充满了爱与宽恕,明白了家庭的真正意义。
In the end, they 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,having learnt the true meaning of family.
④[新闻报道]通过这次活动,所有学生都觉得学习工匠精神和传承传统技艺很有意义。
Through this activity,all students 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the craftsmanship spirit and pass down the traditional techniques.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] My adviser recommended ①that I should sign up for advanced literature ②because I like English and I’m good at it.
尝试分析:这是一个主从复合句。主句是　　　　　　　　　。①为that引导的　　　　从句,动词recommend在此处表示“　　　　”,后接　　　　从句,从句应用　　　　语气,谓语动词用　　　　,其中should　　　　省略;②为because引导的　　　　从句。
自主翻译:
情境仿写:我强烈推荐你去游览西湖,因为那里风景绝美,还能让你深入了解中国文化。
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol,the stress hormone(激素) in our body.　　 　
②(2025·浙江1月卷) A novel design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide.　　　
③(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Farber,a graduate of Colorado State University,started out as a more conventional veterinarian.　　　
④(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner,experienced or advanced walker to enjoy the challenges of Carlow’s mountain hikes or the peace of its woodland walks.　　　
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
After quickly scanning the detailed table of contents① at the beginning of her biology textbook, Lily couldn’t help but feel content②.The lecture notes provided by her teacher were filled with colour-coded diagrams and summarised key points,their contents③ far exceeding her expectations.
莉莉快速翻阅了生物学教科书前面详细的①　　　　后,不禁感到②　　　　。老师提供的讲义里满是彩色标注的图解和要点总结,其③　　　　之丰富远超她的预期。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Getting to Shrewsbury Town Centre from London is 　　　　 (challenge) but worth the 　　　　 (anxious).
2.(2025·浙江1月卷)I’ve been trying out these 　　　　 (strategy) and I’ve found that when I’m less restrictive,they do make better decisions.
3.(2024·浙江1月卷) Having a poor sense of direction, Eva found it impossible 　　　　 (get) around in such a huge building.
4.(2024·全国甲卷)Cats have many heightened senses, but their sense of smell is quite 　　　　 (impress).
5.(2024·浙江1月卷)Instead, she focused 　　　　 reaching the shadow cast on the track by an oak tree up ahead.
6.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) Taking 　　　　 (responsible) for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them.
7.(2023·全国甲卷)You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more 　　　　 (annoy) situations.
8.I also gave him an 　　　　 (attract) souvenir I had bought at Prague,which he accepted with delight.
9.The advertisement and packaging are methods used to arouse consumers’ 　　　　 (curious).
10.[传统节日] I’m 　　　　 exchange student from China and I’m wondering if you could exchange your ideas 　　　　 me.In exchange 　　　　 your kindness,I’ll introduce some traditional Chinese festivals to you.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 告知信—学校生活—一堂美术课
　　(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷改编)假定你是李华,上周五你们班在公园上了一堂美术课。请你给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历,内容包括:
(1)你完成的作品;
(2)你的感想。
[场景演练]
1.我写信是想和你分享上周五我在公园里上的一堂美术课。
2.说实话,我对这样的活动期待已久。(anxious)
3.这次活动旨在探索自然之美。(be designed to do,explore)
4.怀着对自然的好奇心加之受眼前美景的启发,我决定以公园池塘上的小桥为题材创作一幅水彩画。(curious)
5.宁静的环境帮助我集中注意力,我发现整个过程令人无比放松。(concentrate,find+宾语+宾语补足语)
6.完成作品后,我和同学们交流了创作心得。(exchange sth with sb)
7.有的同学偏爱画花卉,有的则痴迷于描绘天际线。(prefer,be addicted to)
8.整堂课都充满了创意与欢乐。
9.这次经历将艺术创作与自然相结合,并且确实令人深受启发。
10.它不仅加深了我对周围微妙之美的欣赏,还培养了我将情感转化为艺术的能力。
11.希望下次你能加入我们!
[句式升级]
1.将第2句和第3句用非限制性定语从句进行改写升级。
2.将第4句用形容词短语作状语进行改写升级。
3.将第5句用独立主格结构进行改写升级。
4.将第9句用现在分词作后置定语进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
notice注意到;留意 gaze凝视;注视 stare凝视;盯着看 glare怒目而视 spot发现 witness见证 peek窥视;偷看 看 glance一瞥 glimpse瞥一眼 blink眨眼 at first sight乍一看 one’s eyes fall on...目光落在…… catch a glimpse of...瞥见;匆匆一看 fix/focus one’s eyes on...目不转睛地盯着
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　　　n.& vt.营救;救援 2.　　　　 vt.损害;破坏 n.损坏;损失 3.　　　　 vt.摧毁;毁灭 4.　　　　 n.避难处;居所;庇护 vt.保护;掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨或危险) 5.　　　　 n.气体;燃气;汽油 6.　　　　 n.& vt.破坏;毁坏 7.　　　　 n.百分之…… adj.& adv.每一百中 8.　　　　 vt.使落入险境;使陷入圈套 n.险境;陷阱 9.　　　　　　vt.埋葬;安葬 10.　　　　 n.努力;艰难的尝试;尽力 11.　　　　 vi.& vt.统一;(使)成一体 12.　　　　 n.智慧;才智 13.　　　　 n.供应(量);补给;[pl.]补给品 vt.供应;供给 14.　　　　 adj.镇静的;沉着的 vt.使平静;使镇静 15.　　　　 vt.& vi.(　　　　,　　　　)打扫;清扫 16.　　　　 n.海浪;波浪 vi.& vt.挥手;招手 17.　　　　 n.总结;概括;概要
阅 读 词 汇 1.disaster　　　　n.　　　　　　　 2.tornado n.(pl.-oes or -os)　　　　　　　　　　　 3.landslide n.(also landfall) 　　　　　　　　　　　 4.slide vi.& vt.(　　　　　　　　,　　　　　　)　　　　　　 5.tsunami n.　　　　　　　 6.flood n.　　　　　　　 vi.　　　　　　　 vt.　　　　　　　 7.volcanic eruption 　　　　　　　 8.magnitude n.　　　　　　　 9.evacuate vt.　　　　　　　 vi.　　　　　　　 10.helicopter n.　　　　　　　 11.crack n.　　　　　　　 vi.& vt.　　　　　　　 12.brick n.　　　　　　　 13.metal　　　n.　　　　　　　 14.context n.　　　　　　　 15.typhoon n.　　　　　　　 16.hurricane n.　　　　　　　 17.tap vi.& vt.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 18.pipe n.　　　　　　　 19.whistle vi.　　　　　　　 vt.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 20.aid n.　　　　　　　 vi.& vt.(formal)　　　　　　 21.kit n.　　　　　　　 22.first aid kit 　　　　　　　 23.crash vt.& vi.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 24.strike vi.& vt.(　　　　　　　　,　　　　　　　)　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 n.旱灾;久旱→　　　　 adj.干的;干旱的 vt.把……弄干 vi.变干 2.　　　　 n.死;死亡→　　　　 adj.死的;去世的→　　　　 adj.致命的→　　　　 vi.死,死亡→　　　　 adj.垂死的;渴望的 3.　　　　 vt.影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动→　　　　 n.喜爱;钟爱 4.　　　　 n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克 vt.(使)震惊→　　　　 adj.令人震惊的→　　　　 adj.感到震惊的 5.　　　　 n.电;电能→　　　　 adj.电的;用电的 n.供电 6.　　　　 vi.& vt.呼吸→　　　　 n.呼吸→　　　　 adj.气喘吁吁的 7.　　　　 vt.& vi.复活;(使)苏醒→　　　　 n.振兴;复苏 8.　　　　 vt.遭受;蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→　　　　 n.折磨;苦难→　　　　 n.受难者;患病者 9.　　　　 n.火山→　　　　 adj.火山的;火山引起的;火山产生的 10.　　　　 vi.& vt.(火山)爆发;(岩浆、烟等)喷出→　　　　 n.火山爆发;(战争等)爆发 11.　　　　 vi.生存;存活 vt.幸存;艰难度过→　　　　 n.幸存者;生还者→　　　　 n.幸存 12.　　　　 n.电力供应;能量;力量;控制力→　　　　 adj.强大的;有力的→　　　　 adj.无影响力的;无能为力的 13.　　　　 n.突发事件;紧急情况→　　　　 adj.紧急的 14.　　　　 vt.& vi.递送;传达 vt.发表→　　　　 n.交付;递送 15.　　　　 n.影响;结果;效果→　　　　 adj.有效果的;有影响的→　　　　 n.有效;奏效 16.　　　　 n.长;长度→　　　　 vt.使延长;加长 vi.延长;变长→　　　　 adj.长的
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　　　像往常一样 2.　　　　　　　 似乎;好像;仿佛 3.　　　　　　　 结束;走向末日 4.　　　　　　　 严重受损;破败不堪 5.　　　　　　　 吹走 6.　　　　　　　 震惊;吃惊 7.　　　　　　　　　　倒塌 8.　　　　　　　 挖掘;找出 9.　　　　　　　 搭起 10.　　　　　　　 露天;在户外 11.　　　　　　　 现有(尤指帮助) 12.　　　　　　　 消灭;彻底消除
重 点 句 型 1.鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安,不愿进食;狗拒绝进入屋内。(too...to...结构) Chickens and even pigs were 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,and dogs refused to go inside buildings. 2.仿佛世界末日即将来临!(as if引导状语从句;用虚拟语气) It seemed 　　　　 　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　! 3.幸存者目及之处无一不是废墟。(everywhere引导让步状语从句) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,there was nothing but ruins. 4.当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭,海水开始灌入屋内。(be doing...when...句式) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 water started filling my home.
形容词变名词的后缀“-ness” 集锦:
①effective→effectiveness 有效性;效率　②fit→fitness 健康;合适　　　
③nervous→nervousness 焦虑;紧张
④aware→awareness 意识 ⑤hard→hardness 硬度 ⑥weak→weakness 弱点,缺点
⑦calm→calmness平静,冷静 ⑧good→goodness优良;仁慈 ⑨lonely→loneliness孤独,凄凉
⑩rich→richness 富裕;丰富 rude→rudeness无礼,粗鲁 serious→seriousness认真
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Whole neighbourhoods were 　　　　 (destroy) to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)In the study,boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 　　　　 (百分之……) drop in plastics. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)We hope to present the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context (　　　　),and initiate dialogues with minimalist art,conceptual art and expressionism. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)...I met a cowboy who saved his town,a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s,and a modern-day Juliet who 　　　　 (die) of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth—they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas,stuck inside 　　　　 (volcano) rocks,filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow. 6.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Batteries are energy-efficient and 　　　　(电动汽车) can plug into existing systems and services. 7.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)I realised that if I didn’t stop,the entire lecture would be 　　　　 (ruin). 8.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Growing up,my family and our neighbours never used clotheslines to 　　　　 (把……弄干) clothing... 9.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)You can live 　　　　 (long) if you volunteer regularly. 10.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)You may know the “feel-good” emotions that come with helping others,but there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively 　　　　 (影响) the whole family. 11.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)People often feel 　　　　　　　　　　　　　(自己太忙,没时间做志愿活动). 12.(2025·浙江1月卷)Building 　　　　 communication skills takes time,but the 　　　　 are worth the effort.(effect) 13.(2025·浙江1月卷)The man froze for a second,but when he saw the skinny boy he 　　　　 (breathe) a sigh of relief. 14.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid (　　　　) of a mobile application. 15.(2024·全国甲卷)However,when a cat is looking for 　　　　 (affect),they tend to produce stretched and soft meows. 16.(2024·全国甲卷)For instance,almost all animals have distinct vocals (声音) that they rely on to either ask for help,scare away any dangerous animals or look for 　　　　 (庇护). 17.(2023·全国乙卷)There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful 　　　　 (gas). 18.(2023·全国乙卷)She had to say goodbye to her two dogs and to the beach,where she loved to ride the 　　　　 (wave) on her board. 19.(2023·北京卷)So I was 　　　　 (shock) when,not long after the email,Professor Mary Devon,who was running the programme,invited me to observe the work being done in her lab.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.affect vt.影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动
The flu affected① me severely last week,with high fever persistently affecting② my study efficiency.Just as I was falling behind,my deskmate Li Hua not only brought me carefully organised notes,but also patiently explained difficult concepts to me.His selfless act affected③ me,filling my heart with warm gratitude.
①　　　　　　　　　②　　　　　　　　　③　　　　　　　　
2.ruin n.& vt.破坏;毁坏
①An earthquake 　　　　 our home,leaving the whole town in 　　　　.(ruin)
②[场景描写] 这座城市在遭受大地震并沦为一片废墟后不久,就呈现出了新的面貌。
Shortly after suffering from a big earthquake and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,the city took on a new look.
③[情感描写] 战争的风暴摧毁了她童年的家,让她在废墟中颤抖着说不出话来。
The storm of war 　　　　　　　　　　　　,leaving her trembling and speechless in the ruins.
3.shock n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克 vt.(使)震惊
①I was 　　　　 to hear the 　　　　 news that he died in the air crash,which was a shock
　　　　 me.(shock)
②When I told them the truth,they were all 　　　　 shock and couldn’t believe it.
③[情感描写] 精疲力竭又震惊万分,他茫然地盯着眼前被毁坏的景象。
　　　　　　　　　　　　,he stared blankly at the destroyed landscape in front of him.
4.bury vt.埋葬;安葬;掩藏;使陷入
①[动作描写] 决心要完成这个任务,他开始埋头工作,不顾一切干扰,直到写完最后一个字。
Determined to finish the task,he started to 　　　　　　　　　　　　,ignoring all distractions until the last word was written.
②[动作描写] Hearing the news that the pet was lost,she buried her face in her hands and burst into tears.
→Hearing the news that the pet was lost,she burst into tears,　　　　　　　　　　　　.(现在分词作状语)
→Hearing the news that the pet was lost,she burst into tears,　　　　　　　　　　　　.(with复合结构)
→Hearing the news that the pet was lost,she burst into tears,　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(独立主格结构)
5.suffer vt.遭受;蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
①[2024·新课标Ⅰ卷] 法伯的治疗大大减轻了她狗狗的痛苦,因此她能够让它多活5个月。
Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s 　　　　 so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months.
②[建议信] 我很遗憾听到你整晚失眠,我写信给你一些建议。
I am sorry to hear that you 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.I’m writing to you to give you some suggestions.
③[主旨升华] 生活中总有一些起起伏伏,正是苦难让我们更加坚强。
There are always some ups and downs in our lives,and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
6.survive vi.生存;存活 vt.幸存;艰难度过
①Although the old lady suffered from a serious illness,she still survived her husband 　　　　 5 years.
②The only 　　　　 of the plane crash 　　　　 the extreme conditions and his willpower was crucial for his 　　　　.(survive)
③[演讲稿] 我演讲的目的是号召人们保护环境,让稀有动物能够长久地生存下去。
The purpose of my speech is to call on people to protect the environment so that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
④[主旨升华] 生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存,而在于学会在雨中翩翩起舞。
Life isn’t about 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　; it’s about learning to dance in the rain.
7.strike vi.& vt.(struck,struck/stricken)侵袭;突击;击打;(时钟等)敲响,报时;突然想起 n.罢工;罢课;袭击
A.vt.侵袭;袭击　　B.vi.(时钟等)敲响　C.vt.突然想起 D.n.罢工　E.vi.击中
①I got up early this morning before the clock struck five.　　　
②When a disaster strikes,you might find there is no water,even no electricity.　　　
③It suddenly struck me that I forgot to lock the door.　　　
④The falling tree struck him on the leg.　　　
⑤Within half an hour,all the drivers were out on strike.　　　
⑥[情感描写] 他为我所做的一切打动了我,我无法控制自己,感激的泪水顺着脸颊流下来。(分词短语作状语)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I couldn’t contain myself,tears of gratitude flowing down my cheeks.
8.as if/though 引导的从句
[教材原句] It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
仿佛世界末日即将来临!
①[场景描写] 她伸展四肢,好像在飞,她的眼睛因为兴奋睁得很大。
She throws her arms and legs out 　　　　　　　　　　　　,her eyes wide with excitement.
②[神态描写] 她看着我,仿佛我是一个陌生人,她的眼中充满了困惑和怀疑。
She looked at me 　　　　　　　　　　　　,her eyes filled with confusion and suspicion.
③[心理描写] 树林里很黑,似乎每一簇灌木丛后面都有一头凶猛的野兽。她越这样想就越
害怕。
It is dark in the woods.It seems 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 behind every cluster of bushes.The more she thinks of this,the more frightened she is.
④[动作描写] 眼泪在眼眶里打转,大卫抬起头,看着我,好像要说什么,但是又垂下了头。
Tears swirling in his eyes,David raised his head,looked at me 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,but lowered his head once again.
·as if/though 意为“似乎;好像;仿佛”,引导表语从句时,常放在be,look,seem,sound,smell,feel等系动词之后。
·as if/though引导状语从句时,如果所引导的从句表示真实的或极有可能发生的情况,从句用陈述语气。当从句表示一种假设的情况时,从句谓语动词通常用虚拟语气,结构如下:
与现在事实相反,从句谓语动词用一般过去时(be 动词用were);与过去事实相反,从句谓语动词用过去完成时(had done);与将来事实相反,从句谓语动词用would/could/might/should do。
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] ①Soon after the quakes,the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan ②to dig out those who were trapped and ③to bury the dead.
尝试分析:这是一个主从复合句。①为　　　　状语;句子主干部分为　　　　　　　　　　。②为动词不定式作目的状语,其中包含一个who引导的　　　　从句,修饰先行词　　　　;③为动词不定式作目的状语,其中包含一个“the + 形容词”名词化结构,表示　　　　。
自主翻译:
情境仿写:暴雨过后不久,救援队派出了数百艘冲锋舟赶赴灾区营救被困居民,并分发救灾
物资。
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.shelter
A.n.避难处;庇护　　　　　B.vt.保护;掩蔽 C.vi.躲避(风雨或危险)
①We had to shelter under the bus stop until the heavy rain passed.　　　
②The large oak tree sheltered the children from the fierce storm.　　　
③During the bombing,the civilians ran to the shelter in the basement.　　　
2.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)His reply came as a surprise—a shock,actually: “Not a chance.”　　　
②(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)But the opposite happened: She was flooded,shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone.
　　　
③(2025·浙江1月卷)While gendering a product may be good marketing,it may also strengthen outdated or harmful ideas about power and identity.　　　
④(2025·浙江1月卷)There’s no value in delivering any kind of communication,whether written,spoken,formal,or informal,if the message doesn’t come across clearly.　　　
⑤(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)AI will affect us all,and if you only read one book on the subject,this is it.　　　
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)The way they demonstrated how microplastics were 　　　　 (trap) through the boiling process was nice...
2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)It’s estimated that the global demand for 　　　　 (electric) could more than double by 2050.
3.(2024·浙江1月卷)In her first PE class, Eva was 　　　　 (shock) when Coach Pitt announced that everyone had to run one mile around the track outside.
4.(2024·浙江1月卷)Soon Eva began to 　　　　 (breath) hard,with her heart pounding and legs shaking.
5.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)You choose which 　　　　 (long) you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.
6.(2023·全国乙卷)Indoor plants might look as 　　　　 they just sit around not doing much,but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home.
7.We could really cut down on carbon emissions if less food was 　　　　 (supply) in the first place.
8.The meeting decided that further 　　　　 (effort) were needed.
9.I’m happy to say there seems to be a 　　　　 (revive) and growing interest in kite-making.
10.I was just on the point of leaving 　　　　 the hummingbird (蜂鸟) appeared.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 感谢信—自然灾害—救灾
假设你是李华,你的家乡遭遇了洪灾,许多人参与救援,各企业也纷纷捐款捐物。请你用英语给他们写一封感谢信。
[场景演练]
1.我写信真诚地感谢你们及时的救助和支持。(rescue)
2.上个月,一场极其严重的洪灾袭击了我的家乡,使得许多房屋成为废墟,许多人处于危险之中。(strike,ruin)
3.在那时,仿佛世界末日即将来临。(as if)
4.由于你们迅速疏散处于危险中的人们并救援被困人员,没有人在这场令人震惊的灾难中丧生。(evacuate,trap,disaster)
5.而且有了来自政府的大力支持和你们的慷慨援助,我们的城镇很快恢复了生机。(aid)
6.因此我再怎么感谢你们也不为过。(can’t ...enough)
[句式升级]
将第2句用现在分词作状语进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
promise 承诺 demand 要求 agree 同意 argue 争论 insist 坚持;声称 complain 抱怨 add 补充说 ask/inquire/enquire 询问 answer/reply/respond 回答 说 whisper/murmur/mumble/grunt/groan 小声地说/嘟哝/呻吟 scream/yell/shout 大声地说 stammer/stutter 结结巴巴地说 one’s mouth widens 咧开嘴 one’s mouth drops/hangs wide open 张大嘴巴 bite one’s lip 忍住不说 speak/reply in a(n)...voice/tone 用/以……的声音/语气说/回答 yell at the top of one’s voice 声嘶力竭地喊道
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　　　　vi.& vt.收拾(行李) vt.包装 n.(商品的)纸包;纸袋;大包 2.　　　　 adj.唯一的;独特的;特有的 3.　　　　 n.目的地;终点 4.　　　　 vt.联络;联系 n.联系;接触 5.　　　　 vi.徒步旅行 vt.去……远足 n.远足;徒步旅行 6.　　　　　　　　　n.(正式或礼貌的)要求;请求 vt.(正式或礼貌地)要求;请求 7.　　　　 n.视野;景色;看法 8.　　　　 n.景象;视野;视力 9.　　　　 vt.挖掘;发掘 10.　　　　 n.议论;评论 vi.& vt.发表意见;评论
阅 读 词 汇 1.castle　　　　n.　　　　　　　 2.visa n.　　　　　　　 3.rent vt.　　　　　　　 vi.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 4.source n.　　　　　　　 5.narrow adj　　　　　　　 vi.& vt.　　　　　　　 6.flat adj.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 7.empire n.　　　　　　　 8.emperor n.　　　　　　　 9.site n.　　　　　　　 10.type n.　　　　　　　 vi.& vt.　　　　　　　 11.flight　　　　n.　　　　　　　 12.path n.　　　　　　　 13.brochure n.　　　　　　　 14.package n.　　　　　　　 vt.　　　　　　　 15.soldier n.　　　　　　　 16.transport n.(especially BrE)(NAmE usually transportation)　　　　　　　 vt.　　　　　　　 17.credit n.　　　　　　　 18.statue n.　　　　　　　 19.BCE(=before the Common Era) 　　　　　　　 20.tomb n.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 vi.& vt.申请;请求 vt.应用;涂(油漆、乳剂)→　　　　 n.申请(书);应用→　　　　 n.申请人 2.　　　　 adj.令人惊奇的;令人惊喜的→　　　　 adv.令人惊奇地→　　　　 adj.惊奇的;惊喜的→　　　　 vt.使惊奇;使惊愕→　　　　 n.惊奇;惊诧 3.　　　　 n.安排;筹备→　　　　 vt.& vi.安排;筹备;整理 4.　　　　 adv.极其;非常→　　　　 adj.极端的;极度的;异乎寻常的 n.极端;极度 5.　　　　 adj.强有力的;有权势的;有影响力的→　　　　 vt.给……提供动力 n.影响力;权势;力量→　　　　 adj.无影响力的;无权的 6.　　　　 adj.官方的;正式的;公务的 n.官员;要员→　　　　 adv.正式地;官方地;公开地→　　　　 n.办公室 7.　　　　 vt.辨别出;承认;认可→　　　　 n.认出;认识;承认;认可 8.　　　　 n.住处;停留处;膳宿→　　　　 vt.容纳;为(某人)提供住宿 9.　　　　 vt.钦佩;赞赏→　　　　 n.钦佩;赞赏→　　　　 adj.令人钦佩的 10.　　　　 n.建筑设计;建筑学→　　　　 n.建筑设计师→　　　　 adj.建筑学的;建筑方面的 11.　　　　 n.文明;文明世界→　　　　 vt.使文明;教化→　　　　 adj.文明的;开化的 12.　　　　 n.经济;节约→　　　　 adj.经济(上)的;经济学的→　　　　 adj.经济的;节约的→　　　　 n.经济学→　　　　 n.经济学家 13.　　　　 n.细节;详情;细微之处→　　　　 adj.详细的;细致的
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　　　申请 2.　　　　　　　 控制;接管 3.　　　　　　　 (某人、地或事物)独具的、特有的 4.　　　　　　　　 除……以外 5.　　　　　　　　 包价旅游 6.　　　　　　　　　　构成;形成 7.　　　　　　　 信用卡 8.　　　　　　　 (在旅馆、机场等)登记 9.　　　　　　　 结账离开(旅馆等) 10.　　　　　　　 迫不及待做某事 11.　　　　　　　 作为……而出名
重 点 句 型 1.正因为如此,西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。(强调句型) 　　　　　　　　　　　　 Spanish is the main official language of Peru. 2.特别令人惊叹的是印加人的干式石头搭砌的建造方法。(表语前置引起的倒装) 　　　　　　　　　　　　 the Incas’ dry stone method of building. 3.印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸,仅仅凭着石头间的完美契合,即可稳固墙体。(so that引导结果状语从句) Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes 　　　　　　　　 nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones. 4.那里有8 000多座俑像,直到20世纪70年代才为人所知,真是非常神奇。(it 作形式主语) 　　　　　　　　 there are more than 8,000 statues, and no one in modern times knew about them until the 1970s. 5.每个俑像的相貌都不相同,这让研究人员认为每座俑像都是一名真实士兵的形象。(现在分词短语作结果状语) Each statue has a different face,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that each one is a copy of a real soldier.
形容词变名词的后缀“-cy” 集锦:
①emergent→emergency紧急情况　②fluent→fluency流利;熟练　　③frequent→frequency频率;频繁
④efficient→efficiency效率 ⑤urgent→urgency紧迫性 ⑥private→privacy隐私
⑦accurate→accuracy准确(性) ⑧sufficient→sufficiency充分
⑨relevant→relevancy相关性
⑩adequate→adequacy充足 consistent→consistency一致性 transparent→transparency透明度
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷) The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories,10 to 20 pages each,with characters that broadened my 　　　　 (视野) and touched my heart. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)The fuels for transport need to be not just green,cheap and 　　　　 (power),but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) Ho 　　　　 (recognise) the psychological benefit of helping kids keep up with their peers (同龄人) outside the hospital. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Over time,I’ve found myself feeling 　　　　 (extreme)at home here. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Families who volunteer together have the 　　　　 (特有的) experience of working toward a common goal. 6.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) Ludlow is known 　　　　 the Foodie Centre of England. 7.(2025·浙江1月卷)Beautiful year-round,they invite you to enjoy the smallest 　　　　 (细微之处),from the sound of grasses in the gentle wind to the sculpture of odd-looking seed heads. 8.(2025·浙江1月卷) “I think it’s an 　　　　 (amaze) idea,” says Tanya Perilli,who owns a clothing rental shop. 9.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Groups of five or more require special 　　　　 (arrange) and must be confirmed in advance. 10.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) “With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile 　　　　 (apply),”said Barnabas Daru... 11.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Travel promotes understanding,expands our minds,makes us better people,and boosts local 　　　　 (economy) and communities,but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and 　　　　 (destination). 12.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner,experienced or advanced walker to enjoy the challenges of Carlow’s mountain 　　　　 (徒步旅行) or the peace of its woodland walks. 13.(2024·浙江1月卷) But this highly informed,self-educated,and 　　　　 (admire) person prevented me doing so. 14.(2024·全国甲卷) 　　　　　　　　　　　　(重要的是放慢脚步) and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. 15.(2023·全国乙卷)...Beijing is also a place which welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life,with 21st-century 　　　　 (architect) wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. 16.(2023·全国乙卷)However,Tan passed the 　　　　 (office) exam.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.apply vi.& vt.申请;请求vt.应用;涂(油漆、乳剂)
①Perhaps I should apply this mind trick 　　　 other challenges,and maybe I can conquer them as well.
②[通知]Any 　　　 who would like to 　 　 for this position should send us an 　　　　before 15 May.(apply)
③[动作描写]他迅速将绷带敷在流血的伤口上,希望能止住流血。
He quickly 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,hoping it would stop the flow of blood.
④[建议信]如果你专心学习,你迟早会取得更多的进步。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,you can make much more progress sooner or later.
2.amazing adj.令人惊奇的;令人惊喜的
①To my surprise,the 　　　　news 　　　the family but their neighbours were not 　　　　 at all.(amaze)
②[心理描写]参观博物馆的 AI 展览时,我惊叹地看着古诗转化为 3D 动画,突然意识到科技是如何为文化遗产注入新活力的。
Visiting a museum’s AI exhibition,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 as ancient poems transformed into 3D animations,realising how technology breathes new life into cultural heritage.
③[情绪描写]令我惊讶的是,正是我心仪的大学录取了我,这使我非常高兴。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,it was my ideal university that admitted me,which made me float on air.
3.arrangement n.安排;筹备
①[2023·浙江1月卷]What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols,but the inside too,not just how they 　　　　　　　(arrange)but what they mean.
②[告知信]我将安排我的搭档去机场接你,期待很快见到你。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 at the airport.Looking forward to seeing you soon.
③[通知]如有意向,请于下周四下午5点前到办公室报名,以便我们做好必要的安排。
If interested,please sign up at the office before 5 p.m.next Thursday 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
4.recognise (NAmE-ize) vt.辨别出;承认;认可
①[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷]Shanghai may be the 　　　　 (recognise) home of the soup dumplings,but food historians will actually point you to the neighbouring canal town of Nanxiang as xiao long bao’s birthplace.
②[推荐信]西安古城被认为是对中国历史文化感兴趣的旅行者的必游之地。
The ancient city of Xi’an is recognised 　　　　 a must-visit destination for travellers interested in Chinese history and culture.
③人们普遍认为,旅行不仅能开阔眼界,还能增进我们对不同文化的理解。
　　　　　　　　　　　　 travelling not only broadens our horizons but also deepens our understanding of different cultures.
④[主旨升华]不要等到别人对你微笑你才对别人友善,不要等到孤独才明白朋友的价值。
Don’t wait for a smile to be nice,and don’t wait to be lonely to 　　　　　　　　　　　　
5.contact vt.联络;联系 n.联系;接触
①Nowadays,few people keep 　　　　 contact with friends by writing letters.
②My father and his friend have been out 　　　　contact with each other for nearly 30 years.
③[通知]如果你想了解这个活动的更多细节,请随时通过010-1234765与我们联系。
If you want to know more details about the activity,please don’t hesitate 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
6.request n.(正式或礼貌的)要求;请求vt.(正式或礼貌地)要求;请求
①[推荐信] 　　　　 your request,I’m writing to recommend several must-see spots that are widely recognised as perfect for first-time travellers.
②He made a request 　　　　 participating in the volunteer programme.
③[通知]据要求,任何想申请该课程的人都应在截止日期前在线登记个人信息。
　　　　　　　　 anyone who wants to apply for the course 　　　　　　　　 personal information online before the deadline.
动词request 后的宾语从句及名词request后的表语从句或同位语从句要用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”。
7.view n.视野;景色;看法 vt.把……视为;以……看待;观看
A.景色　B.看法;观点　C.视线　D.观看
①Sit down—you are blocking my view. 　　　
②In my view,online learning is a significant way to study. 　　　
③I am very glad to get an opportunity to view the movie with you. 　　　
④Hikers who reached the mountaintop could enjoy a open view of the green valleys beneath them. 　　　
⑤[情绪描写]当我站在山顶上时,整个城市映入我的眼帘,我顿时激动不已。我认为这次旅行是一次难忘的经历。
When I stood on the top of the mountain,the whole city 　　　　　　　　　　　　 and I was seized by excitement.I 　　　　　　　　　　　　 an unforgettable experience.
8.sight n.景象;视野;视力
①As we turned the corner,a beautiful lake 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (映入眼帘).
②The old bookstore looked unremarkable 　　　　　　　　(乍一看),but inside held countless rare treasures.
③[动作描写]小女孩一看到生日蛋糕就高兴地跳了起来。
The little girl jumped with joy 　　　　　　　　　　　　 the birthday cake.
④[场景描写]在茂密的森林中徒步时,我们不小心走错了路,很快就看不到标记的小径,这让我们有点紧张。
While hiking through the dense forest,we accidentally took a wrong turn and soon 　　　　　　　　　　　　 the marked path,which made us a bit nervous.
9.other than 除……以外
①The application letter should be brief and 　　　　　　　(不超过) one page in length.
②[2025·新课标Ⅰ卷] It’s estimated that the global demand for electricity could 　　　　　　　　 (超过) double by 2050.
③[2025·新课标Ⅰ卷] But in samples with 　　　　　　　　(少于) 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate,boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent.
④[2024·全国甲卷] It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious
　　　　　　　　 (而不是) just something to eat in between meetings.
10.强调句型
[教材原句] It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.
正因为如此,西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。
①[主旨升华]正是你的努力决定了你是否能够成功。
②正是来自一个陌生人的意外帮助改变了她的人生轨迹。
③[主旨升华]正是他的毅力和不放弃的决心帮助他赢得了比赛。
④I didn’t realise a small act of care could melt people’s loneliness until I experienced the event.
→Not until I experienced the event 　　　　　　　　 a small act of care could melt people’s loneliness.(倒装句)
→ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 I realised a small act of care could melt people’s loneliness.(强调句型)
①判断句子是不是强调句型,就是把句子中的It is/was和that/who去掉后,语序加以调整,如果能还原为完整句子且句意依然完整,则为强调句型;
②该强调句型强调除谓语动词以外的句子成分(句子的主语、宾语或状语);
③被强调部分为“人”时用that/who,被强调部分为“事物”时用that。
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] My dad and I are both looking forward to going to the Shaanxi History Museum, ①because my dad loves history and I have heard ②that this museum is known as a “Chinese treasure house”!
尝试分析:本句为主从复合句。句中①为because引导的　　　　从句,该从句中有两个由and连接的并列分句,在第二个并列分句中,②为that引导的　　　　从句。
自主翻译:
情境仿写:我和妈妈都盼望着去故宫博物院,因为妈妈喜爱古代建筑,而我早就听说这座博物馆被誉为“艺术殿堂”。
My mom and I are both looking forward to going to the Palace Museum,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ancient architecture and I have heard 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the “palace of art”.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.apply
A.vi.& vt.申请,请求　B.vt.涂(油漆、乳剂) C.vt.应用 D.v.使全神贯注于
①We should apply the new learning methods for the purpose of improving our learning efficiency.　　　
②Having known that a Chinese painting exhibition will be held at the gallery next month,I’m writing to apply to become a volunteer.　　　
③Apply a thin layer of sunscreen evenly on your skin before going outdoors.　　　
④If you apply yourself to studying,you’ll pass the exam.　　　
2.pack
A.v.收拾(行李);打包　　　B.v.包装 C.v.挤满,装满 D.n.背包
①These chocolates are packed in elegant gift boxes for sale.　　　
②The stadium was packed with excited fans cheering for their team.　　　
③She briefly packed some living necessities and stepped on the train to a strange city.　　　
④It may not seem like a long way but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack,my legs were on fire.　　　
3.写出语段中黑体词的含义
Our travel group,made up① of six friends,designed an exciting plan for our trip.But on the way, two of us argued about the route during the trip.After discussion,they made up②.Then we set off quickly to make up③ for the time wasted in the argument.
我们这个由六位朋友①　　　　的旅行团为我们的旅程设计了一个令人兴奋的计划。然而途中,我们中的两位成员因路线问题发生了争执。经过讨论后,他们②　　　　了。随后我们加快行程,以③　　　　因争吵而浪费的时间。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) Then he tried acupuncture,an ancient Chinese practice,and was 　　 (amaze) that he improved after two or three treatments.
2.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)However,if I need 　　　　(check) the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage,there’s nothing better.
3.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world,it’s actually concentrated to a small number of 　　　　 (extreme) popular spots.
4.(2024·全国甲卷)Your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its memory and use it 　　　　 (recognise) you in the future.
5.(2024·浙江1月卷)Over the last two years,some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in 　　　　 (pack)...
6. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism,including a 　　　　 (detail) exploration of what it asks and why it works...
7.(2023·全国甲卷) She credits these skills 　　　　 her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd.
8.(2023·浙江1月卷)Most long-distance trains,especially the sleeping car 　　　　　　 　　 (accommodation),sell out very quickly.
9.It is 　　　　 (request) that all the visitors should not take pictures of the exhibitions.
10.Whatever she says will not make any difference to our 　　　　 (arrange).
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 告知信—丰富自我—暑假旅游计划
　　假设你是李华,你的新西兰朋友Terry写邮件询问你今年暑假的旅游计划。请你根据以下要点用英文给他回一封电子邮件。
[场景演练]
1.很长时间没有联系,收到你的邮件真令人惊喜!我现在写邮件来回答你对我的暑假安排的询问。(contact,amazing,in response to)
2.我一直非常欣赏中国古代的建筑设计。(admire,architecture,extremely)
3.因此,我已经做好了在暑假去参观故宫博物院和颐和园的旅行安排。(arrangement)
4.它们是中国古代建筑艺术的象征,代表着中国人民的智慧。(symbol,represent)
5.并且我打算乘飞机去北京,因为我的家离那里很远。(be doing,flight)
6.你暑假有什么计划 期待收到你的来信。
[句式升级]
将第4句用现在分词作状语进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
　　在公园里漫步时,我突然瞥见一个孩子。他正凝视着池塘。我很好奇,所以停了下来,朝同样的方向望去。我发现一只美丽的天鹅在池塘里悠闲地游动。当我目不转睛地盯着它时,一对年长的夫妇从我身旁经过,他们的目光也落在这宁静的景色上。
I was walking through the park when I suddenly ①　　　　　　　　　　　　 a child.
He ②　　　　　　　　 the pond.
I was curious,so I stopped and ③　　　　　　　　　　　　.
④　　　　 a beautiful swan was swimming leisurely in the pond.
As ⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　,an elderly couple passed by me,⑥　　　　　　　　　　　　 the peaceful scenery as well.
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.native 　　　adj.出生地的;本地的;土著的 n.本地人 2.attitude n.态度;看法 3.despite prep.即使;尽管 4.carve vt.& vi.雕刻 5.classic　　　adj.传统的;最优秀的;典型的;经典的 n.经典作品;名著 6.calligraphy n.书法;书法艺术 7.struggle n.& vi.斗争;奋斗;搏斗
阅 读 词 汇 1.billion 　　　num.十亿 2.system n.体系;制度;系统 3.factor n.因素;要素 4.based adj.以(某事)为基础的;以……为重要部分(或特征)的 5.bone n.骨头;骨(质) 6.shell n.壳;壳状物 7.symbol n.符号;象征 8.dynasty n.王朝;朝代 9.dialect n.地方话;方言 10.means n.方式;方法;途径 11.character n.文字;符号;角色;品质;特点 12.affair 　　　n.公共事务;事件;关系 13.CE (=Common Era)公元 14.tongue n.舌头;语言 15.semester n.学期 16.petrol n.(NAmE gas)汽油 17.subway n.(BrE underground)地铁 18.apartment n.(especially NAmE)公寓套房 19.pants n.[pl.](BrE)内裤;短裤 (especially NAmE)裤子 20.gap n.间隔;开口;差距 21.vocabulary n.词汇
拓 展 词 汇 1.refer vi.提到;参考;查阅 vt.查询;叫……求助于→reference n.指称关系;参考;查阅;涉及 2.base vt.以……为据点;以……为基础n.底部;根据→based adj.以(某事)为基础的;以……为重要部分(或特征)的→basic adj.基本的;基础的→basis n.原因;基准;基础→basically adv.基本上 3.variety n.(植物、语言等的)变体;异体;多样化→various adj.不同的;各种各样的→vary vi.变化;改变;不同 4.major adj.主要的;重要的;大的 n.主修课程;主修学生 vi.主修;专门研究 →majority n.大多数 5.regard n.尊重;关注 vt.把……视为;看待→regarding prep.关于;至于→regardless adv.不顾;不加理会 6.global adj.全球的;全世界的→globe n.球体;地球仪;地球→globally adv.全球地;全面地 7.appreciate vt.欣赏;重视;感激;领会 vi.增值→appreciation n.欣赏;感激;理解 8.specific adj.特定的;明确的;具体的→specifically adv.特定地;明确地 9.beg vt.恳求;祈求;哀求→beggar n.乞丐 10.equal n.同等的人;相等物 adj.相同的;同样的→equality n.平等;相等→equally adv.同样地;相等地;平等地 11.demand n.要求;需求vt.强烈要求;需要vi.查问 → demanding adj. 苛求的;要求高的;费力的 12.description n.描写(文字);形容→describe vt.描述;形容 13.relate vt.联系;讲述→related adj.相关的→relation n.关系;联系
重 点 词 块 1.refer to　　　　　　指的是;描述;提到;查阅 2.be known for 因……而出名 3.all the way 一直 4.ups and downs 浮沉;兴衰;荣辱 5.at the beginning 起初;一开始 6.date back (to...) 追溯到 7.lead to 导致 8.be connected with 与……有联系;与……有关 9.play a role in　　　　　在……中起作用 10.no matter where,who,what,etc. 不论……;不管…… 11.point of view 观点;看法 12.think about 思考;考虑 13.depend on/upon 依靠;取决于 14.relate to 与……相关;涉及;谈到
重 点 句 型 1.这个书写体系对于中国人民与中国文化的统一具有非凡的意义。(be of+抽象名词) That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture. 2.即使在今天,不论住在哪里,也不论说何种方言,中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。(“no matter+疑问词”引导让步状语从句) Even today,no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak,they can all still communicate in writing. 3.随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色,越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。(as引导时间状语从句) As China plays a greater role in global affairs,an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this amazing language. 4.这是对大脑的锻炼:我对一门语言了解得越多,我的大脑就会发育得越好。(the more...,the more...句型) It was exercise for the brain;the more I learnt of a language,the more my brain would grow. 5.以前我的英语成绩还挺好的,但是现在我的听力有很大的麻烦。(have trouble with sth) I used to get high marks in English,but now I’m having a lot of trouble with my listening.
形容词变名词的后缀“-th” 集锦:
①strong→strength力量;强度　　　②long→length长;长度　　　③dead→death 死亡
④wide→width宽度 ⑤deep→depth深度 ⑥warm→warmth温暖;热情
⑦true→truth真相;事实 ⑧young→youth青春;青年 ⑨grow→growth 成长
1.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷) Batteries are energy-efficient and electric cars can plug into existing systems (system) and services. 2.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷) I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means(方式;途径)of communication. 3.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷) The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters (character) that broadened my view and touched my heart. 4.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷) Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global (globe) CO2 emissions (排放). 5.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷) I sit in my apartment (公寓套房)today, loving each of the belongings that share our small space. 6. (2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷) The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic(base) ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition. 7.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷) In the study, boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to (导致) an almost 90 percent drop in plastics. 8.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷) As the customer grabs the drink from her hand(当顾客从她手中接过饮料时), she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day ”
9.(2025· 新课标Ⅱ卷)Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding (regard) food waste. 10.(2025· 浙江1月卷) Referred (refer) to as matrix planting, this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden, and even some of the designing. 11.(2025· 浙江1月卷)It will also give them a handy record to refer (查阅) back to. 12.(2024· 新课标Ⅰ卷)But equally (equal) important is the mental aspect. 13.(2024· 新课标Ⅰ卷)The reasons relate to(与……相关;涉及) a variety(vary) of factors (factor), including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content. 14.(2024· 新课标Ⅰ卷)The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design ...the Silk Route which brought the plants from their native (本地的) habitat in Asia ... 15.(2024· 新课标Ⅱ卷)Specifically (specific), it’s a farm that relies on new technology. 16.(2024· 全国甲卷)The government has struggled (struggle) to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River. 17.(2023· 新课标Ⅰ卷)But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (转折) on this classic (典型的) phenomenon. 18.(2023· 全国甲卷)This place is good for a candle-lit dinner or a work meeting with colleagues who appreciate (欣赏)fine food. 19.(2023· 北京卷)Indeed, when it comes to environmental transformations, we can develop a form of collective “poor memory”, and each new generation can believe the state of affairs (affair) they encounter is nothing out of the ordinary.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.refer vi.提到;参考;查阅 vt.查询;叫……求助于
①[2024· 新课标Ⅰ卷] I keep two reference (refer)books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典).
②[求助信] 我写信寻求您的关于什么样的中国传统文化最吸引外国人的建议。
I am writing to ask for your advice in/with reference to what kinds of traditional Chinese culture appeal to foreigners most.
③[建议信] 如果你遇到了不了解的知识,我强烈建议你查阅参考书或者向他人求助。
If you meet with the knowledge you don’t know,I strongly suggest that you look them up in reference books or ask others for help.
④在撰写学术论文时,你应该适当地引用他人的作品来支持你的论点。
When writing an academic paper, you should properly refer to the works of others to support your arguments.
2.base vt.以……为据点;以……为基础 n.底部;根据
①Our friendship is based on the basic trust, which forms the basis of our mutual support and is basically unbreakable.(base)
②The movie was based on a best-seller.And it turned out to be a success.
→The movie based on a best-seller turned out to be a success.(过去分词短语作定语)
→Based on a best-seller, the movie turned out to be a success.(过去分词短语作状语)
→The movie, which was based on a best-seller, turned out to be a success.(定语从句)
③[通知] 基于提高学生环保意识的目标,我们学校组织了这次讲座。
Based on the goal of enhancing students’ environmental awareness, our school organised this lecture.
④[报道] 运动员的最终排名是基于他们在所有项目中的综合表现确定的。
The final ranking of the athletes is determined on the basis of their overall performances in all events.
3.variety n.(植物、语言等的)变体;异体;多样化
①[告知信]我们提供的课程难度从初级到高级不等,以满足不同学生的需求。
The courses we offer vary from elementary to advanced levels to meet the needs of different students.
②[感谢信] 感谢您提供的各种帮助,使我们能够克服重重困难。
Thank you for offering a variety of help, which enabled us to overcome numerous difficulties.
③[情绪描写] 在比赛现场,观众们表现出丰富多样的情绪,从紧张不安到兴奋激动,从翘首期待到欣喜若狂。
At the competition site, the audience displayed various emotions, from nervousness to excitement and from anticipation to joy.
④[道歉信] 由于种种原因, 周日我不能和你去书店了。
For a variety of/varieties of reasons, I can’t go to the bookstore on Sunday with you.
4.means n.方式;方法;途径
①我们绝不应该向困难低头。
By no means should we give in to difficulty.
②[建议信] 使用可重复使用的袋子是减少塑料浪费的有效方法。
Using reusable bags is an effective means of reducing plastic waste.
③他将竭尽所能,借助自己的传统医学知识来帮助他们。
He will try his utmost to help them by means of his conventional medical knowledge.
④[建议信]你最好事先练习用筷子,这也是展示你良好的餐桌礼仪的一种方式。
You’d better practise using chopsticks in advance,which is also a means of showing your good table manners.
5.regard n.尊重;关注;关心;问候vt.把……视为;看待
①[咨询信]关于即将到来的夏令营,我有一些问题要咨询。
In/With regard to the upcoming summer camp, I have some questions to enquire about.
②[中国文化]书法被认为是中国传统艺术的重要组成部分。
Calligraphy is regarded as an important part of traditional Chinese art.
③他总是不顾自己可能遇到的困难去帮助他人。
He always helps others regardless of the difficulties he may face.
6.appreciate vt.欣赏;重视;感激;领会 vi.增值
①I appreciate the delicate patterns of Chinese embroidery(刺绣), whose rich cultural appreciation has long been deeply appreciated by people worldwide.(appreciate)
②[咨询信] 我非常感谢您提供有关课程的详细信息。
I appreciate you offering the detailed information about the courses.
③[申请信]如果您能考虑我的申请,我将非常感激。
I would greatly appreciate it if you could consider my application.
7.struggle n.& vi. 斗争;奋斗;搏斗
①[动作描写] 简挣扎着站起来,用颤抖的双腿向前走。
Jane struggled to her feet and moved forward with her shaky legs.
②[情绪描写] 她整夜深陷内心挣扎,慎重思考着该如何抉择。
She spent the whole night in inner struggle, thinking over how to decide.
③[感谢信] 感谢您在我与困难作斗争时给予的支持。
Thank you for your support when I struggled with/against the difficulties.
④对我而言,每天早起锻炼真的很难。
It is a struggle for me to get up early and exercise every day.
8.equal n.同等的人;相等物 adj.相同的;同样的
①[申请信]我可以胜任组织校园音乐会的任务,因为我具备出色的组织能力。
I am equal to the task of organising the school concert because of my great organisational skills.
②他的钢琴技艺无与伦比,每一个音符都像是从他心灵深处流淌出来的溪流,触动着听众内心最柔软的角落。
His piano skill is without equal, each note like a stream flowing from the depths of his soul, touching the softest corners of the audience’s hearts.
③[心理描写]她们棋艺不相上下,棋盘上黑白两子来回移动,就像她们坚强的意志一样,谁也不愿轻易认输。
They are equal in chess, with black and white pieces moving back and forth on the board, just like their strong wills, neither willing to admit defeat easily.
9.demand n.要求;需求vt.强烈要求;需要vi.查问
①My demand is that the information referred to in my report (should) be emailed (email) to Mr Brown without delay.
②在当今社会,新能源汽车的需求量很大。
New energy vehicles are in great demand in today’s society.
③[动作描写]他冲进我的房间,要求知道发生了什么事。
He rushed into my room and demanded to know what was going on.
④[推荐信]这家餐厅努力满足顾客的不同口味需求。
The restaurant strives to meet/satisfy the customers’ demands for various tastes.
10.the +比较级...,the+比较级...
[教材原句] ...the more I learnt of a language, the more my brain would grow.
……我对一门语言了解得越多,我的大脑就会发育得越好。
①[建议信] 你吃的垃圾食品越少,你可能遇到的健康问题就越少。
The less junk food you eat, the fewer health problems you are likely to encounter.
②[告知信] 你和母语者练习得越多,你的英语口语就会越流利。
The more you practise with native speakers, the more fluent your oral English will become.
③[心理描写] 我越往舞台中央走,我就越紧张,我的心提到了嗓子眼儿。
The more I moved towards the centre of the stage, the more nervous I became and I had my heart in my mouth.
“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”句型的具体用法:
①意为“越……,就越……”,表示主句和从句的两个谓语动词是同时进行的,一方随另一方程度的变化而变化。
②从结构上看,第一个“the+比较级...”是表示条件的状语从句,第二个“the+比较级...”是主句;在表示将来意义的情况时,从句用一般现在时表示将来,主句用一般将来时。
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句]Over the years,the system developed into different forms,①as it was a time ②when people were divided geographically,③leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
尝试分析:这是一个主从复合句。主句是“the system developed into different forms”。句中①为as引导的原因状语从句,②为when引导的定语从句,先行词是a time;③为现在分词短语在句中作结果状语。
自主翻译:在随后的年代里,这一体系发展成不同的形式,这是由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔,从而导致不同方言和汉字变体的产生。
情境仿写:在随后的年代里,中国剪纸衍生出多种风格,这是因为当时交通不便,各地剪纸艺人的交流较少,从而造就多种不同风格的产生。
Over the years, Chinese paper-cuts evolved into numerous styles, as it was a time when inconvenient transportation led to limited exchange among paper-cut artists from different regions, giving rise to the emergence of diverse styles.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.appreciate
A.vt.欣赏　B.vt.重视　C.vt.感激　D.vt.领会　E.vi.增值
①I really appreciate your efforts in organising this event.　C　
②Only inside do you appreciate the church’s true magnificence.　A　
③She didn’t appreciate the significance of her promotion until later.　B　
④The value of the currency has appreciated by 5% this month.　E　
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
When referring to① the environmental project, the professor asked us to refer to②the latest research papers for the assignment.Not knowing where to start,I referred③ to my classmates for their opinions, who suggested referring④to the library’s online database for more comprehensive information. Thus I spent the entire afternoon in the library referring to⑤various books and journals.
在①提到那个环境项目时,教授让我们②查阅最新研究论文来完成作业。由于不知从何入手,我向同学们③征求意见,他们建议我④查询图书馆的在线数据库以获取更全面的信息。于是,我在图书馆花了整整一个下午⑤查阅各种书籍和期刊。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·浙江1月卷) Eschewing fertilisers (化肥) and power tools, it’s based on an elegantly simple principle: to garden more like nature does.
2.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Such structured thinking, followed by global (globe) regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall.
3.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard.
4.(2024 新课标Ⅱ卷) Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, who is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia”, add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon,William Shakespeare’s hometown.
5.(2024·北京卷) Franz Boas’s description (describe) of Inuit (因纽特人) life in the 19th century illustrates the probable moral code of early humans.
6.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) She would have struggled with extreme pain to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.
7.(2023·全国乙卷) Almost one third say they now use a wider variety (vary) of ingredients(配料) than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before.
8.(2023·北京卷) A “habit loop (环)” is a way of describing several related (relate) elements that produce habits.
9.The demanding (demand) journey through the mountains tested their physical and mental limits,yet they refused to give up.
10.The journey and the destination are equally (equal) important in our reading.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 建议信—学校生活—适应新环境
假设你是李华,你的好友Peter前不久去了新西兰留学,他来邮件说不适应那里的学习生活。请你根据以下要点用英文给他回一封电子邮件。
[场景演练]
1.当听说你在新学校遇到了一些挑战时,我感到很遗憾。我想给你提一些建议。(challenge)
When I hear that you have met some challenges in the new school,I feel sorry.I’d like to offer you some suggestions.
2.首先,我强烈建议你报名参加高级英语课程。(recommend,sign up for,advanced)
To begin with,I strongly recommend that you sign up for advanced English courses.
3.这些课程能够帮助你讲一口流利的英语。(fluently)
These courses can help you speak English fluently.
4.其次,你可以尝试通过加入一些俱乐部来结交更多的朋友,如志愿者俱乐部、辩论俱乐部等。(make friends,volunteer,debate)
Secondly,you can try to make more friends by joining some clubs,such as Volunteer Club,Debate Club,etc.
5.最后,积极参加一些合适的课外活动也会是一个不错的选择。(suitable,extra-curricular)
Finally,it would also be a good choice to take an active part in some suitable extra-curricular activities.
6.我希望这些建议对你有帮助。
I hope these suggestions are of great help to you.
[句式升级]
1.将第1句用现在分词作状语进行改写升级。
When hearing/Hearing that you have met some challenges in the new school,I feel sorry.I’d like to offer you some suggestions.
2.将第2句和第3句用非限制性定语从句进行改写升级。
To begin with,I strongly recommend that you sign up for advanced English courses,which can help you speak English fluently.
3.将第6句用动词的强调形式进行改写升级。
I do hope these suggestions are of great help to you.
[连句成篇]
Dear Peter,
When hearing/Hearing that you have met some challenges in the new school,I feel sorry.I’d like to offer you some suggestions.
To begin with,I strongly recommend that you sign up for advanced English courses,which can help you speak English fluently.Secondly,you can try to make more friends by joining some clubs,such as Volunteer Club,Debate Club,etc.Finally,it would also be a good choice to take an active part in some suitable extra-curricular activities.
I do hope these suggestions are of great help to you.
Yours,
Li Hua
上周五,露西询问我能否借给她我新买的相机去拍社团活动照。我犹豫片刻后同意了她的请求。然而当她归还时,相机镜头出现了明显的划痕。她结结巴巴地说使用时她根本没碰过镜头。她的说法根本站不住脚,因此我坚持要求她赔偿。她没料到我会提出这样的要求,脸上露出倔强的神情。她拒绝了,然后生气地走开了。自那之后,我们之间的友谊似乎也随着这场争执消失了。
Last Friday, ①Lucy inquired me if she could borrow my newly purchased camera to take photos for a club event.
After a moment’s hesitation, I ②agreed to her request.
However, when she returned it, there were noticeable scratches on the camera lens.
③She stammered that she hadn’t touched the lens during use.
Her claim didn’t hold water at all, thus ④ I insisted that she should pay for it.
She never expected my demand and she had a stubborn look on her face.
She ⑤refused and walked away angrily.
After that, our friendship seemed to have vanished along with this dispute.
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　　　adj.出生地的;本地的;土著的 n.本地人 2.　　　　 n.态度;看法 3.　　　　 prep.即使;尽管 4.　　　　 vt.& vi.雕刻 5.　　　　　　　adj.传统的;最优秀的;典型的;经典的 n.经典作品;名著 6.　　　　 n.书法;书法艺术 7.　　　　 n.& vi.斗争;奋斗;搏斗
阅 读 词 汇 1.billion 　　　num.　　　　　　　 2.system n.　　　　　　　 3.factor n.　　　　　　　 4.based adj.　　　　　　　 5.bone n.　　　　　　　 6.shell n.　　　　　　　 7.symbol n.　　　　　　　 8.dynasty n.　　　　　　　 9.dialect n.　　　　　　　 10.means n.　　　　　　　 11.character n.　　　　　　　 12.affair　　　n.　　　　　　　 13.CE (=Common Era) 　　　　　　　 14.tongue n.　　　　　　　 15.semester n.　　　　　　　 16.petrol n.(NAmE gas)　　　　 17.subway n.(BrE underground)　　　　 18.apartment n.(especially NAmE)　　　　 19.pants n.[pl.](BrE)　　　　　 (especially NAmE)　　　　 20.gap n.　　　　　　　 21.vocabulary n.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 vi.提到;参考;查阅 vt.查询;叫……求助于→　　　　 n.指称关系;参考;查阅;涉及 2.　　　　 vt.以……为据点;以……为基础n.底部;根据→　　　　 adj.以(某事)为基础的;以……为重要部分(或特征)的→　　　　 adj.基本的;基础的→　　　　 n.原因;基准;基础→　　　　 adv.基本上 3.　　　　 n.(植物、语言等的)变体;异体;多样化→　　　　 adj.不同的;各种各样的→　　　　 vi.变化;改变;不同 4.　　　　 adj.主要的;重要的;大的 n.主修课程;主修学生 vi.主修;专门研究 →　　　　 n.大多数 5.　　　　 n.尊重;关注 vt.把……视为;看待→　　　　 prep.关于;至于→　　　　 adv.不顾;不加理会 6.　　　　 adj.全球的;全世界的→　　　　 n.球体;地球仪;地球→　　　　 adv.全球地;全面地 7.　　　　 vt.欣赏;重视;感激;领会 vi.增值→　　　　 n.欣赏;感激;理解
拓 展 词 汇 8.　　　　 adj.特定的;明确的;具体的→　　　　 adv.特定地;明确地 9.　　　　 vt.恳求;祈求;哀求→　　　　 n.乞丐 10.　　　　 n.同等的人;相等物 adj.相同的;同样的→　　　　 n.平等;相等→　　　　 adv.同样地;相等地;平等地 11.　　　　 n.要求;需求vt.强烈要求;需要vi.查问 → 　　　　 adj. 苛求的;要求高的;费力的 12.　　　　 n.描写(文字);形容→　　　　 vt.描述;形容 13.　　　　 vt.联系;讲述→　　　　 adj.相关的→　　　　 n.关系;联系
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　　　指的是;描述;提到;查阅 2.　　　　　　　 因……而出名 3.　　　　　　　 一直 4.　　　　　　　 浮沉;兴衰;荣辱 5.　　　　　　　 起初;一开始 6.　　　　　　　 追溯到 7.　　　　　　　 导致 8.　　　　　　　　　　与……有联系;与……有关 9.　　　　　　　 在……中起作用 10.　　　　　　　 不论……;不管…… 11.　　　　　　　 观点;看法 12.　　　　　　　 思考;考虑 13.　　　　　　　 依靠;取决于 14.　　　　　　　 与……相关;涉及;谈到
重 点 句 型 1.这个书写体系对于中国人民与中国文化的统一具有非凡的意义。(be of+抽象名词) That writing system 　　　　　　　　　　　 in uniting the Chinese people and culture. 2.即使在今天,不论住在哪里,也不论说何种方言,中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。(“no matter+疑问词”引导让步状语从句) Even today,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,they can all still communicate in writing. 3.随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色,越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。(as引导时间状语从句) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this amazing language. 4.这是对大脑的锻炼:我对一门语言了解得越多,我的大脑就会发育得越好。(the more...,the more...句型) It was exercise for the brain;　　　　　　　　 I learnt of a language,　　　　　　　　 my brain would grow. 5.以前我的英语成绩还挺好的,但是现在我的听力有很大的麻烦。(have trouble with sth) I used to get high marks in English,but now I’m 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
形容词变名词的后缀“-th” 集锦:
①strong→strength力量;强度　　　②long→length长;长度　　　③dead→death 死亡
④wide→width宽度 ⑤deep→depth深度 ⑥warm→warmth温暖;热情
⑦true→truth真相;事实 ⑧young→youth青春;青年 ⑨grow→growth 成长
1.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷) Batteries are energy-efficient and electric cars can plug into existing 　　　　 (system) and services. 2.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷) I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means (　 　　)of communication. 3.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷) The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with 　　　　 (character) that broadened my view and touched my heart. 4.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷) Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of 　　　　 (globe) CO2 emissions (排放). 5.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷) I sit in my apartment (　　　　)today, loving each of the belongings that share our small space. 6. (2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷) The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the 　　　　(base) ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition. 7.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷) In the study, boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate 　　　　 (导致) an almost 90 percent drop in plastics. 8.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(当顾客从她手中接过饮料时), she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day ” 9.(2025· 新课标Ⅱ卷)Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness 　　　　 (regard) food waste. 10.(2025· 浙江1月卷) 　　　　 (refer) to as matrix planting, this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden, and even some of the designing. 11.(2025· 浙江1月卷)It will also give them a handy record to refer (　　　　) back to. 12.(2024· 新课标Ⅰ卷)But 　　　　 (equal) important is the mental aspect. 13.(2024· 新课标Ⅰ卷)The reasons relate to(　　　　　　) a 　　　　(vary) of 　　　　 (factor), including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content. 14.(2024· 新课标Ⅰ卷)The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design ...the Silk Route which brought the plants from their 　　　　 (本地的) habitat in Asia ... 15.(2024· 新课标Ⅱ卷)　　　　 (specific), it’s a farm that relies on new technology. 16.(2024· 全国甲卷)The government 　　　　　　　　 (struggle) to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River. 17.(2023· 新课标Ⅰ卷)But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (转折) on this 　　　　 (典型的) phenomenon. 18.(2023· 全国甲卷)This place is good for a candle-lit dinner or a work meeting with colleagues who 　　　　 (欣赏)fine food. 19.(2023· 北京卷)Indeed, when it comes to environmental transformations, we can develop a form of collective “poor memory”, and each new generation can believe the state of 　　　　 (affair) they encounter is nothing out of the ordinary.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.refer vi.提到;参考;查阅 vt.查询;叫……求助于
①[2024· 新课标Ⅰ卷] I keep two 　　　　 (refer)books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典).
②[求助信] 我写信寻求您的关于什么样的中国传统文化最吸引外国人的建议。
I am writing to ask for your advice 　　　　　　　　　　　　 what kinds of traditional Chinese culture appeal to foreigners most.
③[建议信] 如果你遇到了不了解的知识,我强烈建议你查阅参考书或者向他人求助。
If you meet with the knowledge you don’t know,I strongly suggest that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 or ask others for help.
④在撰写学术论文时,你应该适当地引用他人的作品来支持你的论点。
When writing an academic paper, you should properly 　　　　 the works of others to support your arguments.
2.base vt.以……为据点;以……为基础 n.底部;根据
①Our friendship is 　　　　 on the 　　　　 trust, which forms the 　　　　 of our mutual support and is 　　　　 unbreakable.(base)
②The movie was based on a best-seller.And it turned out to be a success.
→The movie 　　　　　　　　　　　　 turned out to be a success.(过去分词短语作定语)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　, the movie turned out to be a success.(过去分词短语作状语)
→The movie, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, turned out to be a success.(定语从句)
③[通知] 基于提高学生环保意识的目标,我们学校组织了这次讲座。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, our school organised this lecture.
④[报道] 运动员的最终排名是基于他们在所有项目中的综合表现确定的。
The final ranking of the athletes is determined 　　　　　　　　　　　　 their overall performances in all events.
3.variety n.(植物、语言等的)变体;异体;多样化
①[告知信]我们提供的课程难度从初级到高级不等,以满足不同学生的需求。
The courses we offer 　　　　　　　　elementary 　　　　 advanced levels to meet the needs of different students.
②[感谢信] 感谢您提供的各种帮助,使我们能够克服重重困难。
Thank you for offering　　　　　　　　 help, which enabled us to overcome numerous difficulties.
③[情绪描写] 在比赛现场,观众们表现出丰富多样的情绪,从紧张不安到兴奋激动,从翘首期待到欣喜若狂。
At the competition site, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, from nervousness to excitement and from anticipation to joy.
④[道歉信] 由于种种原因, 周日我不能和你去书店了。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, I can’t go to the bookstore on Sunday with you.
4.means n.方式;方法;途径
①我们绝不应该向困难低头。
　　　　　　　　should we give in to difficulty.
②[建议信] 使用可重复使用的袋子是减少塑料浪费的有效方法。
Using reusable bags is 　　　　　　　　　　　　 reducing plastic waste.
③他将竭尽所能,借助自己的传统医学知识来帮助他们。
He will try his utmost to help them 　　　　　　　　 his conventional medical knowledge.
④[建议信]你最好事先练习用筷子,这也是展示你良好的餐桌礼仪的一种方式。
You’d better practise using chopsticks in advance,which is also 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
5.regard n.尊重;关注;关心;问候vt.把……视为;看待
①[咨询信]关于即将到来的夏令营,我有一些问题要咨询。
　　　　　　　　　　　　 the upcoming summer camp, I have some questions to enquire about.
②[中国文化]书法被认为是中国传统艺术的重要组成部分。
Calligraphy 　　　　　　　　 an important part of traditional Chinese art.
③他总是不顾自己可能遇到的困难去帮助他人。
He always helps others 　　　　　　　　the difficulties he may face.
6.appreciate vt.欣赏;重视;感激;领会 vi.增值
①I 　　　　 the delicate patterns of Chinese embroidery(刺绣), whose rich cultural 　　　　 has long been deeply 　　　　 by people worldwide.(appreciate)
②[咨询信] 我非常感谢您提供有关课程的详细信息。
③[申请信]如果您能考虑我的申请,我将非常感激。
7.struggle n.& vi. 斗争;奋斗;搏斗
①[动作描写] 简挣扎着站起来,用颤抖的双腿向前走。
Jane 　　　　　　　　 and moved forward with her shaky legs.
②[情绪描写] 她整夜深陷内心挣扎,慎重思考着该如何抉择。
She spent the whole night 　　　　　　　　　　　　, thinking over how to decide.
③[感谢信] 感谢您在我与困难作斗争时给予的支持。
Thank you for your support when I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
④对我而言,每天早起锻炼真的很难。
8.equal n.同等的人;相等物 adj.相同的;同样的
①[申请信]我可以胜任组织校园音乐会的任务,因为我具备出色的组织能力。
I 　　　　　　　 the task of organising the school concert because of my great organisational skills.
②他的钢琴技艺无与伦比,每一个音符都像是从他心灵深处流淌出来的溪流,触动着听众内心最柔软的角落。
His piano skill is 　　　　　　　　,each note like a stream flowing from the depths of his soul, touching the softest corners of the audience’s hearts.
③[心理描写]她们棋艺不相上下,棋盘上黑白两子来回移动,就像她们坚强的意志一样,谁也不愿轻易认输。
They 　　　　　　　　 chess, with black and white pieces moving back and forth on the board, just like their strong wills, neither willing to admit defeat easily.
9.demand n.要求;需求vt.强烈要求;需要vi.查问
①My demand is that the information referred to in my report 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (email) to Mr Brown without delay.
②在当今社会,新能源汽车的需求量很大。
New energy vehicles 　　　　　　　　　　　in today’s society.
③[动作描写]他冲进我的房间,要求知道发生了什么事。
He rushed into my room and 　　　　　　　　　　　　what was going on.
④[推荐信]这家餐厅努力满足顾客的不同口味需求。
The restaurant strives to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 for various tastes.
10.the +比较级...,the+比较级...
[教材原句] ...the more I learnt of a language, the more my brain would grow.
……我对一门语言了解得越多,我的大脑就会发育得越好。
①[建议信] 你吃的垃圾食品越少,你可能遇到的健康问题就越少。
　　　　　　　　　　　　you eat, 　　　　　　　　　　　　 you are likely to encounter.
②[告知信] 你和母语者练习得越多,你的英语口语就会越流利。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 with native speakers, 　　　　　　　　　　　　 your oral English will become.
③[心理描写] 我越往舞台中央走,我就越紧张,我的心提到了嗓子眼儿。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the centre of the stage, 　　　　　　　　　　　　 I became and I had my heart in my mouth.
“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”句型的具体用法:
①意为“越……,就越……”,表示主句和从句的两个谓语动词是同时进行的,一方随另一方程度的变化而变化。
②从结构上看,第一个“the+比较级...”是表示条件的状语从句,第二个“the+比较级...”是主句;在表示将来意义的情况时,从句用一般现在时表示将来,主句用一般将来时。
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句]Over the years,the system developed into different forms,①as it was a time ②when people were divided geographically,③leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
尝试分析:这是一个主从复合句。主句是“the system developed into different forms”。句中①为as引导的　　　　从句,②为when引导的　　　　从句,先行词是a time;③为现在分词短语在句中作　　　　。
自主翻译:
情境仿写:在随后的年代里,中国剪纸衍生出多种风格,这是因为当时交通不便,各地剪纸艺人的交流较少,从而造就多种不同风格的产生。
Over the years, Chinese paper-cuts evolved into numerous styles, 　　　　　　　　　　　　 inconvenient transportation led to limited exchange among paper-cut artists from different regions, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.appreciate
A.vt.欣赏　B.vt.重视　C.vt.感激　D.vt.领会　E.vi.增值
①I really appreciate your efforts in organising this event.　　　
②Only inside do you appreciate the church’s true magnificence.　　　
③She didn’t appreciate the significance of her promotion until later.　　　
④The value of the currency has appreciated by 5% this month.　　　
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
When referring to① the environmental project, the professor asked us to refer to②the latest research papers for the assignment.Not knowing where to start, I referred③to my classmates for their opinions, who suggested referring④to the library’s online database for more comprehensive information. Thus I spent the entire afternoon in the library referring to⑤various books and journals.
在①　　　　那个环境项目时,教授让我们②　　　　最新研究论文来完成作业。由于不知从何入手,我向同学们③　　　　意见,他们建议我④　　　　图书馆的在线数据库以获取更全面的信息。于是,我在图书馆花了整整一个下午⑤　　　　各种书籍和期刊。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·浙江1月卷) Eschewing fertilisers (化肥) and power tools, it’s based 　　　　 an elegantly simple principle: to garden more like nature does.
2.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Such structured thinking, followed by 　　　　 (globe) regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall.
3.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) I flashed him an apologetic smile 　　　　 I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard.
4.(2024 新课标Ⅱ卷) Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, who is known 　　　 “the Shakespeare of Asia”, add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown.
5.(2024·北京卷) Franz Boas’s 　　　　 (describe) of Inuit (因纽特人) life in the 19th century illustrates the probable moral code of early humans.
6.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) She would have struggled 　　　　 extreme pain to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.
7.(2023·全国乙卷) Almost one third say they now use a wider 　　　　 (vary) of ingredients (配料) than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before.
8.(2023·北京卷) A “habit loop (环)” is a way of describing several 　　　　 (relate) elements that produce habits.
9.The 　　　　 (demand) journey through the mountains tested their physical and mental limits,yet they refused to give up.
10.The journey and the destination are 　　　　 (equal) important in our reading.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 建议信—学校生活—适应新环境
假设你是李华,你的好友Peter前不久去了新西兰留学,他来邮件说不适应那里的学习生活。请你根据以下要点用英文给他回一封电子邮件。
[场景演练]
1.当听说你在新学校遇到了一些挑战时,我感到很遗憾。我想给你提一些建议。(challenge)
2.首先,我强烈建议你报名参加高级英语课程。(recommend,sign up for,advanced)
3.这些课程能够帮助你讲一口流利的英语。(fluently)
4.其次,你可以尝试通过加入一些俱乐部来结交更多的朋友,如志愿者俱乐部、辩论俱乐部等。(make friends,volunteer,debate)
5.最后,积极参加一些合适的课外活动也会是一个不错的选择。(suitable,extra-curricular)
6.我希望这些建议对你有帮助。
[句式升级]
1.将第1句用现在分词作状语进行改写升级。
2.将第2句和第3句用非限制性定语从句进行改写升级。
3.将第6句用动词的强调形式进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
上周五,露西询问我能否借给她我新买的相机去拍社团活动照。我犹豫片刻后同意了她的请求。然而当她归还时,相机镜头出现了明显的划痕。她结结巴巴地说使用时她根本没碰过镜头。她的说法根本站不住脚,因此我坚持要求她赔偿。她没料到我会提出这样的要求,脸上露出倔强的神情。她拒绝了,然后生气地走开了。自那之后,我们之间的友谊似乎也随着这场争执消失了。
Last Friday, ①　　　　　　　　　　　　 she could borrow my newly purchased camera to take photos for a club event.
After a moment’s hesitation, I ②　　　　　　　　　　　　.
However, when she returned it, there were noticeable scratches on the camera lens.
③　　　　　　　　　　　　 she hadn’t touched the lens during use.
Her claim didn’t hold water at all, thus ④　　　　　　　　　　　　 pay for it.
She never expected my demand and she had a stubborn look on her face.
She ⑤　　　　 and walked away angrily.
After that, our friendship seemed to have vanished along with this dispute.
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　　　n.比赛项目;大事;公开活动 2.　　　　 vt.主办;主持 n.主人;东道主;节目主持人 3.　　　　 vt.使出汗;出汗弄湿 vi.出汗;流汗 n.汗水;出汗 4.　　　　 n.高手;主人 vt.精通;掌握 5.　　　　 n.(运动队)队长;船长;机长 6.　　　　 vi.& vt.假装;装扮 7.　　　　　　vi.作弊;舞弊 vt.欺骗;蒙骗 n.欺骗手段;骗子 8.　　　　 n.观众;听众 9.　　　　 adj.积极的;正面的;乐观的;肯定的 10.　　　　 adv.相当;有点儿 11.　　　　 vi.慢跑 n.慢跑 12.　　　　 n.错误;差错
阅 读 词 汇 1.soccer　　　　n.　　　　　　　 2.stadium n.(pl.　　　　　　　　 or 　　　　　　　　) 　　　　　　　 3.boxing n.　　　　　　　 4.badminton n.　　　　　　　 5.marathon n.　　　　　　　 6.ski adj.　　　　　　　 vi.　　　　　　　 7.track n.　　　　　　　 vt.& vi.　　　　　　　 8.gym　　　　　n.　　　　　　　 9.gymnastics n.　　　　　　　 10.legend n.　　　　　　　 11.glory n.　　　　　　　 12.medal n.　　　　　　　 13.apart adv.　　　　　　　 14.million num.　　　　　　　 15.slim adj.　　　　　　　 16.diet n.　　　　　　　 vi.　　　　　　　 17.push-up n.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 n.健康;健壮;适合→　　　　 adj.健康的;适合的 2.　　　　 n.运动员;运动健儿→　　　　 adj.健壮的;体育运动的 3.　　　　 n.荣誉;尊敬;荣幸→　　　　 adj.荣幸的→　　　　 adj.荣誉的;值得钦佩的 4.　　　　 n.冠军;优胜者→　　　　 n.锦标赛;冠军赛;冠军称号 5.　　　　 n.决心;决定→　　　　 vt. 决定;确定;下定决心→　　　　 adj.坚决的;意志坚定的 6.　　　　 vt.使受伤;损害→　　　　 adj.受伤的;有伤的→　　　　 n.伤害;损伤 7.　　　　 adj.优美的;优雅的→　　　　 n.优雅 8.　　　　 n.力量;体力→　　　　 vt.加强;巩固→ 　　　　 adj.强壮的;坚强的
拓 展 词 汇 9.　　　　 n.失败;失败的人(或事物)→　　　　 vi.失败 10.　　　　 vi.竞争;对抗→　　　　 n.竞争;比赛→　　　　 adj.竞争的;有竞争力的→　　　　 n.竞争力→　　　　 n.竞争者 11.　　　　 n.压力;紧张;重音 vt. 强调;重读;使焦虑不安vi.焦虑不安→　　　　 adj.压力重的;紧张的(指物)→　　　　 adj.焦虑不安;心力交瘁(指人)
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　　　　跟随;到达;进步;赶快 2.　　　　　　　　 田径 3.　　　　　　　 锻炼;计算出;解决 4.　　　　　　　 获得成功;准时到达 5.　　　　　　　 树立榜样 6.　　　　　　　 破裂;破碎;崩溃 7.　　　　　　　 丧失信心;泄气 8.　　　　　　　 放弃;投降 9.　　　　　　　 有道理;合乎情理;表述清楚;有意义 10.　　　　　　　　　　　　假装做某事 11.　　　　　　　 即使;虽然 12.　　　　　　　 有作用或影响 13.　　　　　　　 而不是 14.　　　　　　　 停止做(或使用、食用);剪下 15.　　　　　　　 有时;偶尔 16.　　　　　　　 与……比较
重 点 句 型 1.损失两大主力队员,是个巨大的挑战,但是郎平没有气馁。(动名词短语作主语) 　　　　　　　　　　　　 was a big challenge,but Lang Ping did not lose heart. 2.他(乔丹)在芝加哥所创建的“男孩女孩俱乐部”从1996年至今一直在帮助年轻人。(which引导定语从句) The Boys and Girls Club 　　　　　　　　　　　　 has been helping young people since 1996. 3.足球运动员不应该假装摔倒,即使这对他/她的球队有帮助。(even if引导让步状语从句) 　A soccer player should not pretend to fall down 　　　　　　　　　　　　. 4.一旦我开始考虑健康而不是体重,事情就有了变化。(once引导时间状语从句) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,things began to change. 5.通过积极看待自我和自己的身体,我变得更加快乐,也更加健康了。(“by+doing”形式作方式状语) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I became both happier and healthier.
形容词变名词的后缀“-ance/-ence” 集锦:
①confident→confidence 自信　 ②silent→silence 沉默;寂静　　　③absent→absence缺席;不在
④different→difference 差异 ⑤patient→patience 耐心 ⑥intelligent→intelligence智力;才智
⑦insistent→insistence坚持 ⑧persistent→persistence坚持 ⑨present→presence出席;存在;在场
⑩relevant→relevance相关性 important→importance重要性 significant→significance重要性;意义
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)My wife and I wanted to share our new home with family and friends by 　　　　 (host) a small gathering in the early summer. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Eventually,my brother decided to leave 　　　　　　　　 (而不是) force the issue. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷改编)The author presents the issue in the first paragraph 　　　　　　　　　　　　(通过举例). 4.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) For native speakers of English,some Chinese words are 　　　　(相当) difficult to pronounce. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) Determined to turn her life around,Ms Donohue began to 　　　　　　　　(锻炼) and follow a healthy lifestyle,before discovering a passion for weightlifting. 6.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) If you’re among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants,don’t beat yourself up if one (or a few!) doesn’t 　　　　　　　　 (获得成功). 7.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) “Hold on:Consider failure as a stepping stone to success and never 　　　　　　　　(放弃).Stick to your plan,” she said. 8.(2025·浙江1月卷)While gendering a product may be good marketing,it may also 　　　　 (strength) outdated or harmful ideas about power and identity. 9.(2025·浙江1月卷)“But it’s also a great challenge,for it can sometimes take days to organise a single 　　　　 (活动),” Ribeiro said. 10.(2025·北京卷)...true recognition comes from 　　　　 (honour) acts. 11.(2025·北京卷) Turner wisely said that “doing well” psychologically is being able to roll with the flow of emotions,manage them,communicate clearly and well with others,and 　　　　 (掌握) various skills. 12.(2025·北京卷) “I thought,in this family,we don’t 　　　　 ourselves 　　　　 (与……比较) other people,Dad ” the teenager replied. 13.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) When I was a teenager,a neighbourhood friend won a marathon (　　　　) race. 14.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) You’ll 　　　　 (竞争) with fewer tourists,save money,experience a different side of a popular place,and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower. 15.(2024·浙江1月卷) Then she concentrated on 　　　　 (jog) to the spot where the track curved (拐弯). 16.(2024·浙江1月卷) In her first PE class,Eva was shocked when Coach Pitt announced that everyone had to run one mile around the track (　　　　) outside. 17.(2024·浙江1月卷) Somewhere in the building,there was also a library,a cafeteria and a gym (　　　　). 18.(2024·浙江1月卷) However,if you’re shopping for one,buying extra to benefit from price reductions doesn’t 　　　　　　　　 (有意义). 19.(2024·浙江1月卷) She decided that she would memorise where her classes were and then 　　　　(假装) that the rest of the place didn’t exist. 20.(2024·北京卷) As a result,the first four years of my postgraduate career were defined by a series of 　　　　 (failure). 21.(2024·北京卷) I realised that by trying something new,I can have fun—　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (即使这意味着走出我的舒适区). 22.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) Once there,Lenoue was assessed and later taken to a hospital,where she learnt that she had serious 　　　　 (injury) in one of her knees.
23.(2023·北京卷) The International Olympic Committee (IOC) Young Leaders programme empowers talents to make a 　　　　 (积极的) difference in their communities through sport. 24.(2023·北京卷) It’s a joyful and 　　　　(stress) time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.honour n.荣誉;尊敬;荣幸 vt.尊敬;以……为荣
①We extend our 　　　　 and respect to the 　　　　 individuals who have dedicated their lives to this cause.(honour)
②[演讲稿] 能在这里发表演讲,我感到非常荣幸。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to deliver a speech here.
③[告知信] 我写信是想告知您,端午节是为了纪念古代著名诗人屈原。
I am writing to inform you that the Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　—Qu Yuan.
“in+名词+of”类复合介词还有in celebration of 庆祝;in need of 需要;in spite of 尽管,虽然;in terms of 关于……,就……而言;in case of 以防万一;in favour of 支持,赞成;in search of 寻找;in possession of 具有,拥有。
2.determination n.决心;决定
①He determined 　　　　 facing the failure bravely rather than escaping from reality.
②His strong 　　　　 to succeed 　　　　 his actions every day,and he is 　　　　 to achieve his goals no matter what challenges come his way.(determine)
③[心理描写] 带着坚定的决心,他毫不犹豫地踏上追求梦想的征程。
　　　　　　　　　　　　,he set out to pursue his dreams without hesitation.
④[主旨升华] 正是努力和决心让我成为自己命运的主人。(强调句型)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 made me the master of my own destiny.
3.injure vt.使受伤;损害
①The architect got 　　　　 (injure)when hiking to the castle through a narrow path.
②[场景描写] The explosion did serious 　　　　 to some passers-by;fortunately,the 　　　　 were immediately rushed to the nearest hospital.(injure)
③[动作描写] 男孩爬上梯子去够高处的架子时,滑倒并摔了下来,胳膊受了伤。
While climbing the ladder to reach the high shelf,the boy slipped and fell,　　　　　　　　.
④[道歉信] 我的膝盖受了重伤,因此我不能按原计划和你一起去远足了。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,so I can’t go hiking with you as scheduled.
4.strength n.力量;体力;优点
①[人物描写] The 　　　　 man,who constantly works out in the gym to 　　　　 his muscles,lifted up the heavy rock with all his 　　　　.(strong)
②[建议信] 练中国功夫不但能增强体质,还能培养一个人的品性。
Practising Chinese kung fu can not only 　　　　　　　　　　　,but also develop one’s character.
③[心理描写] 通过参加这样的活动,我们认识到了我们的优点和缺点。
By participating in such activities,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
5.compete vi.竞争;对抗
①In the 　　　　 sports world,every 　　　　 dreams of winning.They 　　　　 in various 　　　　,using their skills and strategies.(compete)
②[建议信] 为学生们组织一场数学竞赛是有益的,既能让他们挑战自我,又能提升解题能力。
It would be beneficial to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the students to challenge themselves and enhance their problem-solving abilities.
③[动作描写] 在篮球比赛的决赛中,两支队伍为争夺冠军展开了激烈角逐,让观众们紧张得坐立不安。
In the final of the basketball match,the two teams 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,leaving the audience on the edge of their seats.
④[主旨升华] 生活就像一场马拉松,你必须不断地与他人竞争,以突破自己的极限。
Life is like a marathon 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to push your own limits.
6.pretend vi.& vt.假装;装扮
①When my mother came back,I pretended 　　　　　　　　 (fall) asleep.
②He pretended 　　　　　　　　 (read) an important paper when the boss came in.
③[情绪描写] 他强颜欢笑,假装什么事也没发生。
He forced a smile and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
④[情绪描写] 她假装很开心,但眼神却掩盖不了她的悲伤。
She 　　　　　　　　　　　　,but her eyes betrayed her sadness.
⑤[动作描写] 弗兰克转过身,假装没看见我,匆匆走开了。
Frank turned away,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,and hurried away.
7.stress n.压力;紧张;重音 vt.强调;重读;使焦虑不安 vi.焦虑不安
①Our headmaster puts stress 　　　　 the safety of the students.
②When we’re tired or 　　　　 (stress) out,home is always a shelter for us to have a rest.
③[建议信] 得知你因即将到来的考试而承受着巨大压力,我想给你一些建议来帮助你减压。
Learning that you’re 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 due to the upcoming exams,I’d like to offer you some advice to help you relieve it.
④[新闻报道] 上周末,我们发起了一场主题为“劳动最美”的活动,并强调了用自己的双手劳动的重要性。
Last weekend,we started a campaign with the theme “Working is the most beautiful” and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
8.give up 放弃;投降
①In spring,flowers in the park give 　　　　 a sweet smell,which attracts not only people but also a large number of bees and butterflies.
②[感谢信] 非常感谢你的鼓励。如果不是你,我早就放弃了。你的支持对我意义重大。
I’m so grateful for your encouragement.If it weren’t for you,　　　　　　　　　　　　.Your support has made a huge difference to me.
③[情绪描写] 简的精力已经耗尽了。她的脚像灌了铅一样沉重,她瘫坐在树旁,失控地哭起来。
　　　　　　　　　　　　.Her feet felt as heavy as lead and she slumped beside a tree,weeping without control.
④[主旨升华] 无论前方的道路多么艰难,他们从未放弃,向我们展示了坚持的力量可以克服任何障碍。
No matter how hard the road ahead was,　　　　　　　　　　　　,showing us that the power of persistence can overcome any obstacle.
9.make sense 有道理;合乎情理;表述清楚;有意义
①Planning ahead 　　　　　　　　(合乎情理),especially when you have many things to deal with.
②I can 　　　　　　　　 (理解) what the article said with some notes below.
③能够和遇到的人一起,成为这个杰出小组的一员,我心中的自豪感油然而生。
With each person I met,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 as part of this extraordinary team.
④[建议信] 你决不该丧失信心。持续努力,你迟早会成功的。
10.even if/though 引导让步状语从句
[教材原句] A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team.
足球运动员不应该假装摔倒,即使这对他/她的球队有帮助。
①He won’t come to our party even if he is invited.
→He won’t come to our party 　　　　　　　　.(省略句)
②Even though it is possible,it’s still a risky move.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　,it’s still a risky move.(省略句)
③[心理描写] 即使我吓得浑身颤抖,我仍然鼓起勇气,走上舞台,开始了我的演讲。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I still gathered up all my courage,stepped on the stage and began my speech.
①even if/though意为“尽管,即使”,可放在句首或句中,引导让步状语从句;
②在even if/though引导的让步状语从句中,常用一般现在时表示将来;
③当从句主语与主句主语一致,且从句谓语动词含有be动词的某种形式时,可以采用省略结构(省略从句的主语和be动词)。
Step 2　长难句分析
1.[教材原句] ①Jordan’s skills were impressive,but ②the mental strength ③that he showed made him unique.
尝试分析:这是一个并列复合句。并列连词but 连接两个具有　　　　关系的分句,分别描述了 Jordan 的不同特质。①为第一个分句;②为第二个分句,其中的③为that引导的　 　从句。
自主翻译:
情境仿写:莉莉的钢琴演奏技巧十分出色,并且她在每一场表演中倾注的热情使她从其他音乐家中脱颖而出。
2.[教材原句] She had faced difficulties before,and she knew ①that her young players could win ②if they worked together as a team.
尝试分析:这是一个并列复合句。and连接两个　　　　,两个分句的主语都是she,第一个分句的谓语是　　　　;第二个分句的谓语是　　　　。①是that引导的　　　　从句,②是由if引导的　　　　从句。
自主翻译:
情境仿写:他曾穿越幽暗的峡谷,因此他确信只要每一步都怀揣希望,这段旅程终将迎来光明。
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·北京卷)Another key theme involves finding some kind of positive meaning after stressful events.　　　　　　　
②(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷) Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway,Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live,and not just rush through.”　　　　　　　
③(2024·浙江1月卷)Jessica Pink,an undergraduate student,suggests taking online courses with a friend,so you can motivate each other to stay on track.　　　　　　　
④(2024·北京卷)If empirical (实证的) experience fails to reveal reality,reasoning won’t reveal reality either since it relies on concepts and words that are contingent on our social,cultural and psychological histories.　　　　　　　
⑤(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)In a journal or on a piece of paper,put the heading “Personal strengths”.
　　　　　　　
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
Many students frequently misplace stress① when pronouncing English words,leaving them stressed② by the constant frustration.However,teachers stress③ that we should lay stress④ on mastering pronunciation rules—especially stress⑤ patterns—since this will largely resolve these issues and boost confidence.
许多学生在朗读英语单词时经常放错①　　　　,这种持续的挫败感让他们倍感②　　　　。然而,老师们③　　　　,我们应该④　　　　把握发音规则——尤其是⑤　　　　规律——因为这将很大程度上解决这些问题,并增强自信心。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·北京卷)　　　　 (determine) to follow my instincts (本能) on what I felt success means, I only chose two classes that I knew I would enjoy.
2.(2024·北京卷)My heart went out to him,and I 　　　　 (jog) over to him.
3.(2024·全国甲卷)That won’t lead to 　　　　 (cheat) or giving up on your new eating plan.
4.(2023·北京卷)　　　　 (compare) with the developments of AI,advances in ALife are harder to recognise.
5.(2023·全国甲卷)Thankfulness has a lot of benefits:Research shows it makes us happier,less
　　　　 (stress) and even more optimistic.
6.Though this was a 　　　　 (compete) race,what really mattered was not the title of championship but the determination that participants showed during the race.
7.The swan looked extremely 　　　　 (grace) as it glided across the lake.
8.When it comes to study,it is unwise of you to pretend 　　　　 (know) what you don’t know.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 告知信—运动与健康—夏令营活动
假设你是李华,暑假你参加了以“运动与健康”为主题的夏令营活动。最近你的笔友Mike写邮件询问相关情况,请你根据以下内容给他回封邮件。
[场景演练]
1.我很开心来告诉你一些关于我参加的以“运动与健康”为主题的夏令营的信息。(fitness)
2.这个(夏令营)侧重于增强我们的智力和体力。(strength)
3.清晨,早餐前慢跑约半小时是必做的事。(jog)
4.此外,夏令营组织了各种田径赛事活动让我们角逐,比如跳高、跳远、跑步。(host,track and field,compete)
5.最重要的是,我们需要保持日常均衡的饮食,这让我感到精力充沛、精神焕发。(diet)
6.通过这次活动,我不仅获得了健康生活的意识,还增强了做事情的意志力。(determination)
7.最美好的祝愿!
[句式升级]
将第6句用倒装句改写升级。
[连句成篇]
要求:请根据P23的线训练,再结合括号中的提示完成句式升级,并续写后续内容,使故事情节更加完整。
As the sun dipped below the horizon,I strolled along the cobblestone path in the park. ①　　　　　　　　　　　(现在分词作状语),I suddenly caught a glimpse of a child,②　　　　　　　　　　　　(定语从句).③　　　　(形容词作状语),I stopped and gazed in the same direction.I spotted a beautiful swan ④　　　　　　　　(现在分词作宾语补足语) in the pond.⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　 (with+宾语+宾语补足语),an elderly couple passed by me,their eyes falling on the peaceful scenery as well.⑥　
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》

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