资源简介

写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　　　n.平台;站台;舞台 2.　　　　 vt.拖;拽 vt.& vi.缓慢而费力地移动 3.　　　　　　n.优惠待遇;特权 4.　　　　 vt.值得;应得;应受 5.　　　　 vi.& vt.企盼;祈祷
阅 读 词 汇 1.parcel　　　n.　　　　　　　 vt.　　　　　　　 2.jam n.　　　　　　　 3.mail n.　　　　　　　 vt.　　　　　　　 4.clay n.　　　　　　　 5.weed n.　　　　　　　 vt.& vi.　　　　　　　 6.chorus n.　　　　　　　 vt.　　　　　　　 7.cotton n.　　　　　　　 8.uniform n.　　　　　　　 adj.　　　　　　　 9.tablet n.　　　　　　　 10.rubber n.　　　　　　　 11.washroom n.　　　　　　　 12.rigid adj.　　　　　　　 13.bubble vi.　　　　　　　 14.tube n.　　　　　　　 15.circus n.　　　　　　　 16.shade vt.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 17.jaw n.　　　　　　　 18.wrinkle vt.& vi.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 19.forehead n.　　　　　　　 20.hut n.　　　　　　　 21.fireplace　　　n.　　　　　　　 22.saucer n.　　　　　　　 23.kettle n.　　　　　　　 24.pan n.　　　　　　　 25.jar n.　　　　　　　 26.grill n.　　　　　　　 27.doorway n.　　　　　　　 28.leftover adj.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 29.handshake n.　　　　　　　 30.plug vt.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 31.input n.　　　　　　　 vt.　　　　　　　 32.tune n.　　　　　　　　 vt.　　　　　　　 33.contract vt.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 34.grant vt.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 35.cardiac adj.　　　　　　　 36.circuit n.　　　　　　　 37.relay vt.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 38.criterion n. (pl.criteria) 　　　　　 39.hypothetical adj.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 adj.中学的;次要的→　　　　 det.& num.第二;居第二位的;另外的 n.秒;片刻→　　　　 adv.其次;第二 2.　　　　 n.沙土;灰尘 vi.& vt.擦灰→ 　　　　 adj.布满灰尘的 3.　　　　 n.化学家;药剂师;药房→　　　　 n.化学;化学过程→　　　　 n.化学制品,化学药品 adj.化学的 4.　　　　 n.住房;住宅→　 　　 vt.给……提供住处;收藏;安置 n.房屋;住宅 5.　　　　 adj.成熟的;时机成熟的→ 　　　　 vt.& vi.(使)成熟 6.　　　　 adj.有残疾的;丧失能力的→ 　　　　 vt.使伤残;使无能为力→　　　　 n.缺陷;障 碍→　　　　 n.能力;才能→　　　　 adj.有能力的;能够的→　　　 vt.使可能;使能够 7.　　　　 vi.& vt.辞职;辞去→　　　　 n.辞职信;辞呈;顺从;听任→　　　　 adj.逆来顺受的;顺从的 8.　　　　 adv.最近;不久前;近来→　　　　 adj.晚的;迟的 adv.晚;迟→　　　　 adv.以后;后来 adj.以后的;后来的→　　　　 adj.最近的;最新的 9.　　　　 n.咨询;咨询会→　　　　 vt.& vi.请教;商量;查阅→　　　　 n.顾问;咨询师 10.　　　　 n.稳定(性);稳固(性)→　　　　 adj.稳定的;稳固的→　　　　 adj.不稳定的
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　　　渴望做某事 2.　　　　　　　 齐声;异口同声 3.　　　　　　　 更不用说;且不说 4.　　　　　　　 与……有关 5.　　　　　　　 通过;完成;接通 6.　　　　　　　 (使) 变干;(使)干透 7.　　　　　　　 认为(……)是理所当然;对(……)不予重视 8.　　　　　　　　　　忙于;从事于 9.　　　　　　　 此外;除……之外 10.　　　　　　　 转达给……;转发给…… 11.　　　　　　　 以……自豪;为……感到骄傲 12.　　　　　　　 但愿
重 点 句 型 1.几天前,我正在给男孩们演示一个化学实验,在我反应过来之前,混合物冒着泡从试管中涌出,洒得到处都是!(“be doing...when...”句型) The other day I 　　　　　　　　 the boys a chemistry experiment 　　　　,before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere! 2.说实话,我怀疑我是否能给这些男孩们的生活带来任何影响。(doubt后接宾语从句) To be honest,I 　　　　　　　　 I’m making any difference to these boys’ lives at all. 3.我喜欢听这家人用他们的语言轻声地交谈,虽然我无法参与太多他们的谈话。(even though引导让步状语从句) I loved listening to the family talking softly to each other in their language,　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
表示否定/相反意义的前缀“un-” 集锦:
①happy→unhappy不开心的　　　②healthy→unhealthy不健康的　　③fair→unfair不公平的
④usual→unusual不寻常的 ⑤lucky→unlucky 不幸的 ⑥certain→uncertain 不确定的
⑦friendly→unfriendly 不友好的 ⑧stable→unstable 不稳定的 ⑨like→unlike不像
⑩known→unknown未知的,不了解的　　　acceptable→unacceptable不能接受的
accustomed→unaccustomed不习惯的
1.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa, where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a 　　　　 (pray) at dinner time. 2.(2025· 新课标Ⅱ卷)He signed a 　　　　(合同). 3.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)And,there are tasks for every age and ability,so all your children can 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (为……感到骄傲) their work. 4.(2025·浙江1月卷)The 　　　　(平台) is not only reserved for professional cooks,but also for those willing to discover new experiences. 5.(2025·浙江1月卷)In a matrix garden, plants with similar cultural needs are grouped so that they will grow together above and below ground, forming a cooperative ecosystem that conserves water and discourages 　　　　(weed). 6.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)　　　　　　　　(此外),I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary,picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. 7.( 2024· 新课标Ⅱ卷) Visiting a place that others call home is a 　　　　 (荣幸). 8.(2023· 全国甲卷) How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the 　　　　 (housing) she rented 9.(2023· 全国甲卷) My father was a high school teacher of physics and 　　　　 (chemist). 10.(2023· 全国乙卷)It 　　　　 (deserve) a high reputation. 11.(2023·全国乙卷)　　　　　　　　(尽管) Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine,it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists. 12.(2023·浙江1月卷)Over 28 states have passed laws 　　　　　　　　 (与……有关) pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use. 13.(2023·浙江1月卷)I was standing by the car 　　　　 a hummingbird flew to the centre of our group and began hovering. 14.(2022· 新课标Ⅱ卷) His father frequently amused the boy with a 　　　　(平板电脑) computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. 15.(2022· 全国乙卷)They often run at high speeds, which may put our lives in danger.And there were traffic 　　　　 (jam), too. 16.(2022·新课标Ⅰ卷)I 　　　　　　　　 (忙于;从事于) anything that excites me. 17.(2021·新课标Ⅱ卷)Andria Zafirakou,a north London　　　　 (中学的) school teacher,said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution (变革). 18.(2021·全国乙卷)These days,safty regulations— 　　　　　　　　　　(更不用说) the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and a comfortable seat—tend to keep stadium capacities(容量) slightly lower. 19.(2021·浙江6月卷)He explained our basic task,the tractor fired up and we were off,riding down the field looking for weeds to spray with 　　　　 (chemical). 20.(2021·天津3月卷)Seconds later,our lizard 　　　　 (emerge) from its tank with its old skin flowing behind it. 21.(2020· 新课标Ⅰ卷改编) 　　　　 (mail) your entry on October 30 will result in disqualification. 22.(2020· 新课标Ⅱ卷)Grant didn’t wait, clutching(抓牢) the baby to his chest and 　　　　 (drag) the boy alongside, Grant ran down the hallway. 23.(2020·天津卷)It produces a deafening sound so painful that it temporarily 　　　　 (disable) a person. 24.(2020·江苏卷)Adapted in imaginative ways,many have reappeared on city streets and village greens 　　　　(house) tiny cafes,cellphone repair shops or even defibrillator machines (除颤器).
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.privilege n.优惠待遇;特权vt.给予特权;特别优待
①As a journalist,I have the privilege 　　　　 (interview) some of the most influential figures in our society.
②I feel 　　　　 (privilege) to have been invited to speak at the international conference, sharing my insights with experts from around the world.
③[申请信] 我认为能在贵校学习并体验不同的教育环境是一种荣幸。
2.resign vi.& vt.辞职;辞去
①Unable to care for her beloved pet dog anymore, she had to resign it 　　　　 a trusted animal shelter.
②After careful consideration, I have decided to resign from my position 　　　　 library assistant due to personal reasons.
③马克在高压工作十年后决定辞去财务总监一职。尽管对提交辞职后的生活感到迷茫,他最终接受了节奏放缓的日子,并在绘画中找到新乐趣。
Mark chose to 　　　　　　　　 his CFO role after 10 stressful years.Though confused about life after his 　　　　, he gradually 　　　　　　　　　　　　 a slower pace, discovering joy in painting.
3.deserve vt.值得;应得;应受
①He gets much 　　　　 (deserve) respect due to his compassion and empathy for others,especially those who are struggling.
②She deserves 　　　　　　　　 (take) a break and enjoy the natural beauty she has helped protect.
③汤姆经常帮助别人,他值得被表扬。
Tom often helps others.He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
①表示“很值得”,用well修饰deserve;
②后接动名词时,动名词用主动形式表示被动意义。有此类用法的动词还有need、 want、 require等。
4.consultation n.咨询;咨询会
①Yesterday he had a 　　　　 with a 　　　　.After 　　　　 her for a whole afternoon, he decided to take her advice on how to keep healthy.(consult)
②[求助信]Since you have rich experience in guiding students, I hope to consult you 　　　　this problem.
　　consult可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。作“请教”讲时多接人作宾语;作“翻阅”讲时常接书、词典、地图等作宾语;表示“与……商量”可接介词with;表示“请教或商议”一般可接介词about或on。
5.take (...) for granted 认为(……)是理所当然;对(……)不予重视
①[倡议信]我们应该更加关注环境保护。不要把清新的空气和美丽的风景当作理所当然的
存在。
②当我上周负责一项课外活动时,我认真对待它。我利用每个向同学们征求意见的机会,因此我完美地组织了这次活动。我的同学们都以我为荣。
When I 　　　　　　　　　　　　 an extra-curricular activity last week,I 　　　　　　
　　　　.I 　　　　　　　　　　　　 every opportunity to ask my classmates for their opinions,so I organised this activity perfectly.My classmates all 　　　　　　　　　　 me.
6.“be doing ...when ...”句型
[教材原句] The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere!
几天前,我正在给男孩们演示一个化学实验,在我反应过来之前,混合物冒着泡从试管中涌出,洒得到处都是!
①[动作描写] I was doing my chemistry experiment carefully in the lab 　　　　 the fire alarm suddenly went off.
②[心理描写] 我躺在草地上,享受着温暖的阳光,这时一种幸福和满足的感觉充满了我的心。
when表示“这时(突然)”之意时,还用于以下三种句型:
①be about to do... when...正要做……,这时(突然)……
I was about to close the door when suddenly the phone rang.我正要关门,突然电话响了。
②be on the point of doing...when...正要做……,这时(突然)……
I was on the point of submitting this important report when my computer unexpectedly crashed.我正要提交这份重要的报告,电脑却意外地崩溃了。
③had (just) done... when...刚做完……,这时(突然)……
I had just finished my homework when my mother came back.我刚做完作业,我妈妈就回来了。
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] ①Now that I understand ②how important my mother’s work is,I’ve decided to become a volunteer myself to help people in other lands.
尝试分析:这是一个主从复合句。主句是I’ve decided to become a volunteer myself to help people in other lands。①是now that引导的　　　　从句,②是how引导的　　　　从句。
自主翻译:
情景仿写:既然我明白了持之以恒的重要性,我决定无论遇到什么困难都会坚持下去。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, I’ve decided to carry on whatever difficulties I meet.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.shade
A.n.阴凉处　　　B.n.一丝
C.vt.遮蔽 D.n.色度
①You can’t look directly into it; you’ve got to shade your eyes or close them altogether.　　　
②There’s a shade of doubt in his voice when he answered the question.　　　
③The artist mixed several shades of blue to paint the ocean. 　　　
④She sat under the shade of a willow tree, enjoying the cool breeze.　　　　
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
After months of negotiations, the software company finally secured a major contract① with an international client.The CEO flew to Berlin to contract② the deal, signing the documents in a formal ceremony.However, during the trip, she began feeling unwell.It turned out that she had accidently contracted③ a severe flu from a colleague.
经过数月的谈判,这家软件公司终于与一家国际客户签订了一份重要①　　　　。首席执行官飞往柏林②　　　　协议,并在正式仪式上完成了文件签字。然而在出差期间,她开始感到不适。原来她不小心从同事那里③　　　　了重感冒。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1. Satisfied,he gave me a thumbs-up, praised me a lot for my honesty and also thanked me for the tip,but I told him that he 　　　　 (deserve) it.
2.We consider ourselves 　　　　 (privilege) to have been invited to give a speech here.
3.Looking at the 　　　　(wrinkle) face of my mother, I regretted quarrelling with her just now.
4.When waiting for the apples to 　　　　 (ripe), I logged the weather changes in the area.
5.Please tell us what the 　　　　 (criterion) are for deciding who gets the prize.
6.After 　　　　 (consult) my uncle who is a psychologist by profession,I know how to keep mentally healthy.
7.The policeman rushed to the burning car and 　　　　 (drag) the injured driver out of it.
8.Mary was busy 　　　　 (input) the survey results, so she had no time to help me type the report.
9.After 　　　　 (resign) from the company, my father took some books to the post office and mailed them to his friend.
10.I think we need to read some materials that are relevant 　　　　 the topic we are discussing.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 投稿—志愿服务—支教经历
假设两年前你曾经志愿在一所偏远的中学教书。请你为《英语周报》写一篇英文稿件,介绍你的支教经历和收获。
[场景演练]
1.我曾经志愿在一所偏远的中学教书。那里的学生学习很刻苦。(secondary)
2.他们没有校服,更不用说现代化的教学设备了。(uniform,not to mention)
3.尽管条件很糟糕,我还是渴望教授他们更多的知识,而且我认为改变这糟糕的情况是一种荣幸。(be dying to,privilege)
4.除了教学,下课后我会帮助农民清理杂草,采摘成熟的苹果。(weed,ripe)
5.虽然天气很热,但大苹果树为我提供阴凉。(shade)
6.经过一整天的辛苦工作,我感到非常高兴,然后拖着缓慢的步伐前往学校。(drag)
7.在我离开学校两年后的一天,我在办公室工作时收到了一封信。(be doing...when...)
8.在信中,我曾经在那里教过的学生向我表示感谢,并向我转达了最好的祝愿。(relay)
[句式升级]
1.将第1句用where引导的定语从句进行改写升级。
2.将第3句用现在分词作状语进行改写升级。
3.将第7句和第8句用定语从句进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
rolling hills连绵起伏的山丘 the glistening water 波光粼粼的水面 verdant forests翠绿的森林 frost-covered trees 白霜覆盖的树木 vibrant flowers鲜艳的花朵 the harmonious chirping 和谐的鸣叫声 immaculate snow 洁白无瑕的雪 环境描写 a breathtaking landscape 一处令人叹为观止的风景 the clear blue sky 清澈的蓝天 the starry night sky繁星点点的夜空 the awe-inspiring beauty of nature令人敬畏的自然之美 striking scenery引人注目的景色 a gentle sea breeze轻柔的海风
湛蓝的天空在绵延起伏的山丘上方延展,温暖的阳光洒在点缀于山坡上的鲜艳花朵上。山下,波光粼粼的湖水映照着这令人叹为观止的景色,构成了一幅完美的画面。为这田园诗般的魅力更添一笔的是,鸟儿和谐的啁啾声弥漫在空气中,仿佛大自然本身正在弹奏一首美妙的交响乐。远处,挂满白霜的树木挺拔矗立,为这景致增添了一抹神奇的色彩。当轻柔的海风拂过大地,风中携带着大自然的清新气息,时刻提醒着我们,周围环绕着的是令人敬畏的自然之美。
The clear blue sky stretched above the rolling hills, and it cast a warm glow on ①　　　　
　　　　　　　　 that dotted the slopes.
Down below,②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 mirrored the breathtaking landscape, creating a picture-perfect scene.
Adding to the idyllic charm,③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 filled the air, as if nature itself was playing a wonderful symphony.
In the distance,there were ④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 standing tall, adding a touch of magic to the view.
As ⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　 blew across the land, it carried with it the fresh scent of nature, reminding us of ⑥　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that surrounded us.
要求:请根据线训练,再结合括号中的提示完成句式升级,并续写后续内容,使故事情节更加
完整。
Stepping into this pure land far away from the hustle and bustle, it’s as if we had walked into a dreamland.The clear blue sky stretched above the rolling hills, ①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(现在分词作状语) on the vibrant flowers that dotted the slopes.Down below, the glistening water of the lake mirrored the breathtaking landscape,②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　 (定语从句).Adding to the idyllic charm, the harmonious chirping of birds filled the air, as if nature itself was playing a wonderful symphony.In the distance, ③　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　(拟人),adding a touch of magic to the view.④　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(with复合结构),it carried with it the fresh scent of nature, reminding us of the awe-inspiring beauty that surrounded us.⑤　
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.joint 　　n.公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所);关节 adj.联合的;共同的 2.straightforward 　　adj.坦率的;简单的 3.grand adj. 大;宏大的
阅 读 词 汇 1.iconic 　　　　　adj.符号的;图标的 2.didgeridoo n.迪吉里杜管 3.equator n.赤道 4.barbecue n.[abbr.BBQ]户外烧烤;烤架 5.bakery n.面包(糕饼)店;面包厂 6.butcher n.肉贩;屠夫;刽子手 7.premier adj.最著名的;第一的;首要的 n.总理;首相 8.herb n.药草;香草;草本 9.dim sim (特指澳大利亚的)点心 10.hollow adj.中空的;空心的 11.horn n.(乐器)号 12.pitch n.音高 13.slogan n.标语;口号 14.minister n.部长;大臣;外交使节 15.prime minister 首相;总理 16.frog n.蛙;青蛙 17.arrow n.箭;箭头 18.entitle vt.给……命名(或题名);使享有权利 19.getaway n.适合度假的地方 20.dive vi.& n.(dived/dove,dived) 潜水;跳水;俯冲 21.kayaking n.划皮艇 22.peak season 高峰季节 23.domain 　　　　　n.领域;领土;范围 24.sponsor vt.倡议;赞助;主办 n.(法案等的)倡议者;赞助者 25.liberty n.自由 26.golf n.高尔夫球运动 27.strait n.海峡 28.sample n.样本;样品 29.monument n.纪念碑(或馆、堂、像等);历史遗迹 30.kiwi n.几维(新西兰鸟) 31.geyser n.间歇泉 32.sulphuric pool 硫黄池 33.manuka honey 麦卢卡蜂蜜 34.bungee jumping 蹦极跳 35.geothermal park 地热公园 36.pouch n.育儿袋;小袋子;荷包 37.phase n.阶段;时期 38.trunk n.树干 39.session n.一场;一段时间;会议 40.nest n.巢穴;鸟窝;秘密窝点 41.mammal n.哺乳动物 42.hatch vi.孵出;破壳 vt.使孵出;策划;(尤指)密谋 43.fence n.栅栏;围栏 44.prison n.监狱;监禁
拓 展 词 汇 1.vibrate vt.& vi.(使)振动→vibration n.震动→vibrant adj.充满生机的;强劲的;鲜艳的 2.violent adj.暴力的;猛烈的→violence n.暴力;暴行→violently adv.猛烈地;剧烈地;暴力地;激烈地 3.biology n.生理;生物学→biological adj.生物的;生物学的→biologist n.生物学家 4.capacity n.能力;容量→capable adj.有能力的;足以胜任的 5.frequency n.发生率;重复率;(声波或电磁波振动的)频率→frequent adj.频繁的;常见的→frequently adv.频繁地;经常地 6.foundation n.创建;基础;地基→found vt.创建;建立→founder n.创建者;创始人 7.political adj.政治的→politics n.政治;政治观点→politician n.政治家;政客 8.located adj.位于,坐落在→locate vt.找出……的准确位置;把……安置在;使……坐落于→location n.地点;位置 9.freedom n.自由;不受……影响的状态→free adj.自由的;免费的 vt.释放;使摆脱→freely adv.自由地;不受限制地;无拘无束地 10.distribution n.分布;分配;分发→distribute vt.分布;分配;分发→distributor n.经销商;分销商 11.temporary adj.暂时的;短暂的→temporarily adv.暂时地;短暂地 12.license vt.批准;许可 n.(=licence)许可证;执照→licensed adj.得到正式许可的
重 点 词 块 1.can’t wait to do sth　　　迫不及待做某事 2.major in 主修 3.be in contact with 与……接触 4.be convinced that... 坚信;确信 5.play a part in 在……方面起作用 6.feel at home 宾至如归;舒适自在 7.a flock of　　　　　　一群(羊或鸟) 8.in the interest of... 为了……的利益 9.come across 偶然碰到;偶然发现;表达,传达 10.a handful of 少数人(或物);一把(的量)
重 点 句 型 1.(澳大利亚)位于赤道以南,并在地球上很多国家的下方,它常被非正式地称为“down under”。(过去分词短语作状语;be referred to as) Located to the south of the equator,below many other countries on the globe,it’s often informally referred to as “down under”. 2.他们绝大多数的乐器其实就是地上找到的树枝,其中就有一种令人惊叹的、叫作迪吉里杜管的乐器。(过去分词作定语;介词+关系代词) 　Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground,among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo. 3.据说现在近一半的澳大利亚公民要么自己在海外出生,要么父母在海外出生。(It is said that句型;either...or...句式;who引导定语从句) It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas.
表示否定/相反意义的前缀“in-” 集锦:
①active→inactive不活跃的　　②accurate→inaccurate不准确的　　③complete→incomplete不完整的
④visible→invisible看不见的 ⑤direct→indirect间接的 ⑥efficient→inefficient 低效的
⑦formal→informal非正式的 ⑧human→inhuman非人道的 ⑨correct→incorrect 不正确的
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷) Joanna Wright,a senior political (politics) science major,loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. 2.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷) Where is the speaker’s city located (locate) 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Most famously,a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)But in samples (sample) with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate,boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Butcher shops,greengrocers,bakeries (bakery),and cheese shops line the town square. 6.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)It is said that (据说) 95% of teenagers either own or have access to a smartphone. 7.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Over time,I’ve found myself feeling extremely at home (感觉非常自在) here. 8.(2025·浙江1月卷)The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom (free),as opposed to a restaurant where the service is impersonal,the menu is known in advance,and the meal is expected to be no surprise. 9.(2025·浙江1月卷)You must have a driver’s license (执照) and a good driving record. 10.(2025·浙江1月卷) “There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through,but I’m not convinced (坚信;确信) that food is one of them,” she says. 11.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Further,the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road,by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time. 12.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Make joint (共同的) efforts to keep it under control. 13.(2024·全国甲卷)For instance,almost all animals have distinct vocals(声音) that they rely on to either ask for help,scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter. 14.(2024·全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska,which became a national monument (纪念碑) in 1978,took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 15.(2024·全国甲卷)The Saint Lukas is one of five government-sponsored (sponsor) medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia. 16.(2023· 新课标Ⅰ卷)In part one,I describe the philosophical foundations (foundation) of digital minimalism,starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable,before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy. 17.(2023·全国甲卷) “Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range,” says bear biologist (biology) Chris Servheen. 18.(2023·全国乙卷)Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine,it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently (frequent) on our television screens... 19.(2023·浙江1月卷)All camp sessions (session) are created with age-appropriate activities that are tailored to the multiple ways that kids learn. 20.(2022·新课标Ⅰ卷)“Everyone can play a part in (在……方面起作用) reducing waste,whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,” Curtin says. 21.(2021·新课标Ⅰ卷)It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for temporary (temporarily) help during our spring break. 22.(2021·新课标Ⅰ卷)Millions of waterfowl (水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of (少数人) overly ambitious sportsmen. 23.(2021·浙江1月卷)It was only when I tried to remove my head that I realized getting out was going to be less straightforward (简单的) than getting in. 24.(2020·江苏卷)Taking on this challenge will bring you in contact with (与……接触) someone who shares your interests.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.located adj.位于
①[校园介绍]The science lab,located (locate) on the third floor,is equipped with advanced experimental facilities.
②他们在澳大利亚旅游时预订了一家位置极佳的旅馆。
They booked a hotel that was in a beautiful location when travelling in Australia.
③[景点介绍] 丽江古城位于云南省,完整保留了13世纪的纳西族传统建筑。
→Old Town of Lijiang,located in Yunnan Province,preserves traditional Naxi architecture from the 13th century.(located in)
→Old Town of Lijiang,situated in Yunnan Province,preserves traditional Naxi architecture from the 13th century.(situated in)
→Old Town of Lijiang,lying in Yunnan Province,preserves traditional Naxi architecture from the 13th century.(lie in)
2.freedom n.自由;不受……影响的状态
①[场景描写]那只蜂鸟刚被释放就在明亮的天空中自
由地飞翔。
The moment the hummingbird was set free,it flew freely in the bright sky.
②[运动与健康]除了丰富学校生活,冬季徒步旅行也让我们学生从繁重的学习中解脱出来。
Besides enriching the school life,the winter hiking also freed us students from the heavy work of study.
③[调查报告] 调查显示,80%的学生希望午餐时间能自由使用手机辅助学习。
→According to the survey,80% of students hope to be free to use mobile phones during lunch breaks for study purposes.(be free to do)
→According to the survey,80% of students hope to have the freedom to use mobile phones during lunch breaks for study purposes.(have the freedom to do)
3.distribution n.分布;分配;分发
①Agricultural products have a wide distribution in China,but the farmers don’t have an efficient access to the market.So some companies purchase the products directly from farmers and distribute them to cities,where they are sold by secondary distributors.(distribute)
②[活动安排]志愿者负责向地震灾民分发救援物资。
Volunteers are responsible for distributing relief supplies among the earthquake victims.
4.license vt.批准;许可 n.(=licence)许可证;执照
①No one is allowed to drive a car without a driving license.
②这种新药尚未在这个国家获准出售。
→The new drug has not yet been licensed for sale in this country.(be licensed for)
→This country has not yet licensed anyone to sell the new drug.(license sb to do)
5.capacity n.能力;容量
①The stadium has a capacity of 50,000 seats,making it one of the largest venues in the city for sporting events and concerts.
②This new smartphone model has the capacity for storing thousands of photos and hours of video footage due to its large internal storage space.
③[申请信]我相信我的创新思维能力使我很容易胜任这份工作。
I am convinced that my capacity for innovative thinking makes it easy for me to be fit for the job.
④[申请信]我能说一口流利的英语,能为前来参观我市中国画展览的外国游客提供解说。
→I am capable of speaking fluent English and providing a commentary for foreign tourists who will come to our city to visit the Chinese Painting Exhibition.(be capable of)
→I have the capacity to speak fluent English and provide a commentary for foreign tourists who will come to our city to visit the Chinese Painting Exhibition.(have the capacity to do sth)
6.either...or...句式
[教材原句] It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas.
据说现在近一半的澳大利亚公民要么自己在海外出生,要么父母在海外出生。
①[投稿征文] 投稿文章必须围绕校园生活或影响青少年的社会问题。
Articles must focus on either campus life or social issues affecting youth.
②明天要么你去那里,要么我去。
Either you or I am going there tomorrow.
③你可以待在这儿,也可以和他们一起去。
You can either stay here or go with them.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] ①If you want to hold a koala,you have to go to certain licensed zoos ②where animal experts make sure ③that the koalas selected for each session are in a good state for human contact and ④that they are handled for only a limited time and on a limited frequency of occasions.
尝试分析:这是一个主从复合句,主句是you have to go to certain licensed zoos。句中①是if引导的条件状语从句,②是where引导的定语从句,修饰先行词certain licensed zoos,③和④是两个that引导的宾语从句,由and连接,作make sure的宾语。
自主翻译:如果想抱抱考拉,你得去那些有执照的动物园。那里的动物专家会确保挑选出来的考拉状态良好、适合与人接触,游客爱抚考拉的时长和频率也有限制。
情景仿写:如果你想去国外继续深造,你最好选择一所大学,在那里杰出的教授会确保你的语言能力会得到提高,而且你的学术水平也会得到提升。
If you want to further your study abroad,you had better choose a university where distinguished professors make sure that your language ability will be improved and that your academic level will also be promoted.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Joanna Wright,a senior political science major,loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week.n.主修的学生
②(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework,when you did the ironing without being asked,or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day.vt.烤
③(2024·全国甲卷)The Saint Lukas is one of five government-sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia.adj.受政府资助的
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
Although the initial distribution① of relief funds was unequal among villages,we prioritized areas where the geographical distribution② of flood damage was most severe.When our team began the distribution③ of food and medicine,local volunteers ensured efficient delivery via trucks.Meanwhile,the restored distribution④ of electricity enabled all households to receive reliable source of energy before nightfall.
虽然最初的救济资金①分配在各个村庄之间是不平等的,但我们优先考虑了洪水灾害地理②分布最严重的地区。当我们的团队开始③分发食品和药品时,当地志愿者通过卡车确保了高效的运送。与此同时,恢复的电力④配送使所有家庭在夜幕降临前都能得到可靠的能源来源。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) “What is your name ” is a question most frequently(frequent) asked when people meet for the first time.
2.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Volunteering makes you feel capable(capacity) and inspires you to make the most of each day.
3.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine—combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture,chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal (herb) medicine.
4.(2023·全国甲卷)His teachings shaped the moral and ethical foundation (found) of Chinese culture,fostering respect for authority,harmonious relationships,and the pursuit of knowledge.
5.She moved to Virginia in 1865,where she provided medical care to freed (free) people.
6.I have the capacity to weigh (weigh) the pros and cons of the matter and make a proper choice.
7.I urged him to book the hotel located (locate) in the center of the city.
8.Here’s a handful (hand) of ways that will set you in the right direction.
9.Full-time employees in our company are entitled (entitle) to receive health insurance.
10.The map shows the distribution (distribute) of this species of bird across the world.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 告知信—标志性景点—分享旅行的经历与感受
　　假设你是李华,今年暑假你和你的父母去了杭州旅行。请给你的外国笔友Mike写一封信分享此次旅行的经历与感受。
[场景演练]
1.我迫不及待与你分享暑假期间我和父母一起去杭州的旅行。(can’t wait to do sth)
I can’t wait to share with you my trip to Hangzhou with my parents during the summer vacation.
2.这是一次令人印象深刻的旅行,充满了美丽的风景和丰富的文化。(impressive)
It was an impressive trip filled with beautiful scenery and rich culture.
3.杭州位于浙江省北部,是一个绝佳的度假之地。(located,getaway)
Hangzhou is located in the north of Zhejiang Province,and it is a great getaway.
4.它拥有许多标志性的景点,它们都值得一游。(iconic)
It owns many iconic attractions.They are all worth visiting.
5.我们首先参观了著名的西湖,它以其壮丽的景色而闻名。(grand)
We first visited the famous West Lake,which is known for its grand landscapes.
6.此外,我们不仅参观了龙井村的茶园,还品尝了东坡肉等当地美食。(not only...but also...)
In addition,we not only visited the tea plantations in Longjing Village,but also tasted local cuisines such as Dongpo Pork.
7.总的来说,这次杭州之旅令人难忘,我很感激有机会和家人一起体验这座美丽的城市。(have the opportunity to do sth)
Overall,this trip to Hangzhou was unforgettable,and I feel grateful to have had the opportunity to experience such a beautiful city with my family.
8.我坚信,一旦你踏上这片神奇的土地,你就会爱上它。(be convinced that...)
I am convinced that you will fall in love with the amazing land once you set your foot on it.
[句式升级]
1.将第3句用非谓语动词进行改写升级。
Located in the north of Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou is a great getaway.
2.将第4句用独立主格结构进行改写升级。
It owns many iconic attractions,all worth visiting.
3.将第6句用倒装结构进行改写升级。
In addition,not only did we visit the tea plantations in Longjing Village,but we also tasted local cuisines such as Dongpo Pork.
[连句成篇]
Dear Mike,
I can’t wait to share with you my trip to Hangzhou with my parents during the summer vacation.It was an impressive trip filled with beautiful scenery and rich culture.
Located in the north of Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou is a great getaway.It owns many iconic attractions,all worth visiting.We first visited the famous West Lake,which is known for its grand landscapes.In addition,not only did we visit the tea plantations in Longjing Village,but we also tasted local cuisines such as Dongpo Pork.
Overall,this trip to Hangzhou was unforgettable,and I feel grateful to have had the opportunity to experience such a beautiful city with my family.I am convinced that you will fall in love with the amazing land once you set your foot on it.
Yours,
Li Hua
　　当艾玛得知自己输掉艺术比赛后,她陷入绝望的深渊,沉溺于悲伤的海洋中。怀着沉重的心情,艾玛拖着脚步走向空荡的画室。发现被扔进垃圾桶的素描稿时,她感到非常失望与悲伤。她心碎了,然后她放声痛哭,不为失败,而为那些再也鼓不起勇气去创造的美丽。
When Emma heard the news that she lost the art competition,she ①abandoned herself to despair,②floating in an ocean of sadness.
③With a sinking heart,she dragged her feet to the empty studio.
When she discovered her discarded sketches in the trash,④she felt very disappointed and sad.
She was heartbroken,and she suddenly ⑤wept wildly,not for defeat,but for all the beauty she would never dare to create again.
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　　　adj.愚蠢的;荒谬的;荒唐的 2.　　　　 adj.荒谬的;荒唐的 3.　　　　 conj.然而;但是;尽管 4.　　　　 adj.更好的;占优势的;(在级别或重要性上)更高的 5.　　　　　　[US labor] n.劳动(者);体力劳动 vi.奋斗;努力工作 6.　　　　 n.速度;步伐;节奏 vt.& vi.确定速度;调整节奏
阅 读 词 汇 1.science fiction　[informal sci-fi][abbr SF] 　　　　　　　 2.bonus n.　　　　　　　 3.integrity n.　　　　　　　 4.dignity n.　　　　　　　 5.salary n.　　　　　　　 6.nail n.　　　　　　　 vt.　　　　　　　 7.saleswoman n.　　　　　　　 8.ladder n.　　　　　　　 9.rumour [US rumor] n.　　　　　 10.fare n.　　　　　　　 11.weekly adj.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 12.chairwoman n.　　　　　　　 13.gramme [NAmE gram] n.　　　　　　　 14.flour n.　　　　　　　 15.venue n.　　　　　　　 16.salesman n.　　　　　　　 17.alien　　　　n.　　　　　　　 adj.　　　　　　　 18.leather n.　　　　　　　 19.lever n.　　　　　　　 20.panel n.　　　　　　　 21.inch n.　　　　　　　 22.backwards [NAmE backward] adv.　　　　　　　 23.grip vt.& vi.　　　　　　　 24.hazy adj.　　　　　　　 25.niece n.　　　　　　　 26.fetch vt.　　　　　　　 27.handkerchief n.　　　　　　　 28.lamp n.　　　　　　　 29.puff n.　　　　　　　 30.maximum adj.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 31.jolt n.　　　　　　　 vt.& vi.　　　　　　　 32.flip vt.& vi.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 n.小说;虚构的事→　　　　 adj.虚构的;小说(中)的→　　　　 adv.杜撰地;编造地 2.　　　　 n.预约;约会;委任→　　　　 vt.任命;委派;安排→　　　　 adj.约定的;指定的 3.　　　　 adj.内疚的;有罪的;有过失的→　　　　 n.内疚;悔恨;犯罪;罪行 4.　　　　 vt.悬;挂;暂停;暂缓→　　　　 n.暂停;推迟 5.　　　　 vt.让(某人)离开;解散;解雇;消除→　　　　 n.解散;开除;不予理会 6.　　　　 vt.表明;宣称;公布→　　　　 n.宣布;宣言;宣告→　　　　 adj.公开宣布(或声明、表态)的 7.　　　　 vt.& vi.假设;假定→　　　　 n.假定;假设;推测 8.　　　　 vt.计算;核算;预测→　　　　 n.计算;估计→　　　　 n.计算器 9.　　　　 adj.模糊不清的;难以区分的→　　　　 v.(使)变得模糊不清;(使)难以区分 10.　　　　 n.无行动;不采取措施→　　　　 adj.不活跃的;不活动的→　　　　 adj.活跃的;积极的→　　　　 n.行动;行为→　　　　 v.做事,行动;充当;起作用 11.　　　　 n.分开;分隔;差异;除(法)→　　　　 vt.& vi.(使)分开;分配;使分离;分隔→　　　　 adj.分裂的;分开的;有分歧的 12.　　　　 n.强烈的欲望;冲动 vt.催促;力劝;大力推荐→　　　　 adj.紧急的;迫切的;极力主张的→　　　　 adv.紧急地;迫切地→　　　　 n.紧急;急迫 13.　　　　 adj.随机的;不可思议的→　　　　 adv.随便地,任意地;无目的地 14.　　　　 vi.& vt.爆炸;爆破→　　　　 n.爆炸;爆破;激增;迸发→　　　　 adj.易爆炸的 15.　　　　 n.泥;泥浆→　　　　 adj.泥泞的;模糊的;糊涂的 16.　　　　 n.夸大;夸张→　　　　 vt.夸张;夸大(某事)→　　　　 adj.夸张的;过高的
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　　检验;测试 2.　　　　　　　 更像是;更接近 3.　　　　　　　 更确切地讲 4.　　　　　　　 根据;以……的方式(基准) 5.　　　　　　　 事物的利与弊;支持与反对 6.　　　　　　　 比……更好;更胜一筹 7.　　　　　　　　　占上风;取而代之;接管;接手 8.　　　　　　　 与……冲突或抵触 9.　　　　　　　 关掉;熄灭;在场;使朝外;结果是 10.　　　　　　　 (逐渐)减少;消失 11.　　　　　　　 有强烈的欲望做某事
重 点 句 型 1.当她转过身来,却看到格拉迪丝·克拉芬正站在那里。(完全倒装句式) As she turned around,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 2.如果我们发现在未来很难区分现实和科幻小说,也就不足为奇了。(find+it+adj.+to do) It would not be surprising if we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 between reality and science fiction in the future. 3.今天上午十点,所有时间机器中的第一台启动了其运转之旅。(强调句) 　　　　 at ten o’clock today 　　　　 the first of all Time Machines began its career. 4.夜幕降临了,仿佛一盏灯正在熄灭,转眼间,白昼就来临了。(as if引导方式状语从句) Night came 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,and in another moment came the day.
表示否定/相反意义的前缀“im-” 集锦:
①possible→impossible不可能的　②polite→impolite 不礼貌的 　③patient→impatient不耐烦的
④mature→immature不成熟的 ⑤perfect→imperfect不完美的 ⑥moral→immoral 不道
德的
⑦balanced→imbalanced 不平衡的 ⑧modest→immodest 不谦虚的 ⑨partial→impartial 公正的;不偏不倚的
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Though friendly,he could easily knock over my 　　　　 (侄女的) small boys and my six-month-old granddaughter. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)It was a moment of connection,a bridge built between cultures through the simple 　　　　(action) of sharing my name 3.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an 　　　　 (explode) in the houseplant industry. 4.(2025·浙江1月卷) Similarly,anthropomorphized products could be created to take on stereotype-inconsistent roles — a male robot that assists with nursing or a female robot that helps do 　　　　(calculate),for instance. 5.(2025·浙江1月卷)Instead,she recommends applying a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the “　　　　(divide) of Responsibility”,where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times... 6.(2025·浙江1月卷)Eschewing fertilizers (化肥) and power tools,it’s based on an elegantly simple principle: to garden 　　　　　　　　 (更像是,更接近) nature does. 7.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)“You enter the 　　　　(车票) gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute,a three-minute,or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost,the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit—known as BART. 8.(2024·全国甲卷)People started queuing to make an 　　　　(appoint) early in the morning... 9.(2024·全国甲卷)Dogs are known for their impressive 　　　　 (拿来) habit,but cats take this behavior up a notch. 10.(2024·全国甲卷)One where I kind of knew what was going to happen,historical 　　　　 (小说). 11.(2024·全国甲卷)This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down—a skill that has 　　　　　　　　(结果是) to be quite practical,especially whenever we share the newspaper. 12.(2023·全国甲卷)Earning first place on the latest “Asia’s 50 best restaurants” list,progressive Indian restaurant Gaggan is one of the most exciting 　　　　 (场所) to arrive in Bangkok in recent years. 13.(2023·全国甲卷)Interestingly,I read the chapters 　　　　(倒着) until I got to the beginning. 14.(2023·全国甲卷)As a musician,it’s important to give 　　　　 (最大限度的) attention and time to your own reflections of your own feelings. 15.(2023·浙江1月卷)According to the Solar Energy Industry Association,the number of solar 　　　　(电池板) installed (安装) has grown rapidly in the past decade,and it has to grow even faster to meet climate goals. 16.(2023·浙江1月卷)Offer their staff a 　　　　(薪水) raise.
17.(2023·浙江1月卷)Sitting on a branch,he 　　　　 (inch) towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. 18.(2022·新课标Ⅰ卷)The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and 　　　　 (完整性) of natural ecosystems...”. 19.(2022·新课标Ⅰ卷)“Everyone can play a part in reducing waste,whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your 　　　　 (每周的)shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,”Curtin says. 20.(2022·新课标Ⅱ卷)Participants were 　　　　 (random) divided into two groups. 21.(2022·全国乙卷)In spring,the snow was replaced by 　　　　 (muddy) over ice. 22.(2022·全国乙卷)That is the very likely future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure (基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains 　　　　 24/7 　　　　 (以……为基准). 23.(2022·全国乙卷)Just see how cars have 　　　　　　　　 (接管) our cities. 24.(2022·浙江1月卷)To frame his story,Klein creates the character of Ned,a 　　　　 (fiction) witness to the progress brought about by the steam and electric revolutions in America during one man’s lifetime. 25.(2022·浙江1月卷)The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there’s a new 　　　　 (意外收获) to add to the ever-growing list. 26.(2021·新课标Ⅰ卷)The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously—so seriously that some 　　　　 (劳动) unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call. 27.(2021·全国甲卷)The curtains were falling down,the 　　　　 (灯) were falling down.It was a real mess. 28.(2021·全国乙卷)Generation Xers with young families,like my wife and I,can still 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (发现拥有一部家庭电话很方便) rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member. 29.(2021·天津6月卷)I was annoyed in that period and stopped practising,　　　　(declare)I had reached the ceiling of my singing career. 30.(2021·天津6月卷)I wanted to make dumplings but found I had run out of 　　　　 (面粉),so I went out to buy some. 31.(2021·天津3月卷)The doctor who is also a poet and philosopher is a 　　　　(更好的)doctor,one who can give so much more to his patients than just good medical skills. 32.(2020·浙江1月卷)By doing this,we can form a closer relationship with our customers 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(就好像他们是我们的邻居或亲戚一样).
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.appointment n.预约;约会;委任
①[申请信] I believe my passion for art makes me a good candidate for the 　　　　 (appoint) as Art Club president.
②[告知信] I have something urgent to handle and therefore,I will appoint my brother 　　　　　
　　　(meet) you at the airport.
③杰克希望被任命为经理,所以他和老板约好了时间讨论这件事,但他没有在约定的时间出现,老板很生气,因为杰克违约了。
Jack hoped 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 manager,so he 　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　 his boss to discuss about this,but he didn’t show up at the 　　　　 time,and the boss was very mad because Jack 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
2.guilty adj.内疚的;有罪的;有过失的
①[心理描写] A 　　　　 (guilt) feeling hit her when she saw her friend eating dinner alone.
②[情感描写] 对自己的所作所为感到愧疚,我最终向他道歉了。
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I finally apologised to him.(feel guilty for/about/at...)
→　　　　　　　　　,I finally apologised to him 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(out of guilt)
3.dismiss vt.让(某人)离开;解散;解雇;消除;不予考虑
①The bell rang,signaling the 　　　　 (dismiss) of class.
②At 12 o’clock the team was dismissed.　　　
③She claims she was unfairly dismissed from her post.　　　
④Mom dismissed my worries with a hug.“It’s just a test,” she said.　　　
⑤He dismissed the suggestions as worthless and refused me.　　　
4.declare vt.表明;宣称;公布
①他声称自己是无辜的。
→He 　　　　　　　　　　　　 innocent.(declare...to be...)
→He 　　　　　　　　 he was innocent.(declare that...)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　 he was innocent.(It’s declared that...)
②他声明支持修建新机场的计划。
③[动作描写] 杰克高高举手,自信地宣告答案。
5.superior adj.更好的;占优势的;(在级别或重要性上)更高的
①Tom’s math skills are superior 　　　　 those of his classmates.
②他年龄比我小,但资历比我深;我不嫉妒他,因为他在专业知识方面比我强。
He 　　　　　　　　　　　　 me in age,but 　　　　　　　　 me in qualification;I’m not jealous of him,because he 　　　　　　　　　　　　 me in professional knowledge.
　　superior用作形容词时,本身含有比较之意,故不再有比较级或最高级形式,不能在前面加more或most;用于“superior...to...”时表示“两事物的比较”,不能用than。senior,junior,inferior和superior的用法基本相同。
6.division n.分开;分隔;差异;除(法)
①He struggled to divide her time 　　　　 homework and piano practice.
②Household waste can be roughly divided 　　　　 food waste,non-recyclable waste and recyclable waste.
③As the work can be 　　　　 (divide) among several people,it can be done efficiently.
④ [活动介绍] 我们被分成三个小组进行大扫除。
⑤南北饮食差异依然存在。
divide 指把某个整体划分为若干部分,常与into搭配
separate 表示“将……与……分开”,指把原来连在一起或靠近的个体分隔开来,常与from搭配
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] Claire thought ①it was ridiculous ②that she was being offered sympathy by a robot,
but she gradually admired his wisdom and integrity and began to trust him.
尝试分析:这是一个由but连接的并列句,在第一个分句中,①是省略that的　　　　从句,其中it为　　　　,真正的主语是后面的②(即that引导的　　　　从句)。
自主翻译:
情景仿写:我知道准确掌握每个英语单词的发音很重要,但是我不知道该如何做,因此我写信向您求助。
I know 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 I should master the pronunciation of each English word accurately,　　　　 I have no idea how to do it,so I’m writing to you for help.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.pace
A.n.速度;步伐　B.n.节奏　C.vt.& vi.确定速度;调整节奏　D.vi.走来走去
①She stood up and began to pace up and down.　　　　
②The computer will give students the opportunity to learn at their own pace.　　　
③It’s a long climb,so you have to pace yourself.　　　
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
During the school debate competition,Sarah noticed her nervousness was starting to take over① as her hands shook and her mind went blank.Just then,her teammate Jake stepped in and took over② her speaking time,delivering their arguments with confidence.After they won,the student council took over③ organizing future debate events,promising to make them more inclusive for shy students like Sarah.
学校辩论赛上,莎拉发现她的紧张感开始①　　　　——双手发抖、大脑空白。这时她的队友杰克出面并②　　　　了她的发言时间,自信地陈述了他们的论点。他们获胜后,学生会
③　　　　了后续辩论活动的组织工作,承诺让更多像莎拉这样害羞的学生参与进来。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2024·浙江1月卷)The tip that comes up most often is simple:build online courses into your
　　　　 (week) schedule,just like what you would do with in-person courses.
2.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)What does Campbell urge people 　　　 (do) regarding AI development
3.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Sara makes the phone call to cancel an 　　　　 (appoint).
4.(2023·浙江1月卷)　　　　　　　　(calculate)your speed as you do,divide 3,600 (the number of seconds in an hour)by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile (the distance between two mileposts).
5.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) What is the 　　　　 (basic) for John’s work
6.I remember well that the class 　　　　　　　　 (dismiss) early that day because of bad weather.
7.Amy was chosen for the position because she was far superior 　　　　 any other candidate.
8.The man often conflicts 　　　　 other colleagues,which makes his boss explode with anger.
9.My mind went blank and I felt 　　　　 (guilt) about not answering the question correctly.
10.He researched about two thousand people across England,who were 　　　　 (random) selected by computer.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 说明文—科技发展—机器人的优势
在信息时代,可能每个人都渴望拥有一个机器人。请根据下列提示,介绍机器人的一些优势。
[场景演练]
1.在信息时代,可能每个人都强烈渴望拥有一个机器人。(have an urge to)
2.当你感到恐慌的时候,它会陪着你。(accompany,alarmed)
3.它有很多功能。例如,它可以定期做家务。(on a...basis)
4.更重要的是,当你外出时,它会服从你的命令,关掉灯和其他电器。(turn out)
5.最后但同样重要的是,如果使用得当,机器人不会与人类发生冲突。(conflict with)
6.机器人更像是一个朋友而不是一台机器。(more like)
7.我相信,如果你有一个机器人,你的坏情绪将从你的脑海中被消除。(dismiss)
[句式升级]
1.将第1句和第2句用定语从句进行改写升级。
2.将第4句用as well as 进行改写升级。
3.将第5句用省略句进行改写升级。
4.将第6句和第7句用so连接进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
sorrowful adj.悲伤的 grieved adj.悲伤的 broken-hearted/heartbroken adj.心碎的 disappointed/frustrated adj.失望的;沮丧的 depressed adj.沮丧的 upset adj.沮丧的;难过的 desperate adj.绝望的 悲伤、 沮丧、 失望 float in an ocean of sadness 漂浮在悲伤的海洋里 tears roll/stream/flow down one’s cheeks 泪流满面 shed tears of sorrow 流下悲伤的泪水 sink into depression/despair 陷入沮丧/绝望中 abandon oneself to sadness/despair 陷入悲伤/绝望中
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.ridiculous　　　　adj.愚蠢的;荒谬的;荒唐的 2.absurd adj.荒谬的;荒唐的 3.whereas conj.然而;但是;尽管 4.superior adj.更好的;占优势的;(在级别或重要性上)更高的 5.labour　　　　[US labor] n.劳动(者);体力劳动 vi.奋斗;努力工作 6.pace n.速度;步伐;节奏 vt.& vi.确定速度;调整节奏
阅 读 词 汇 1.science fiction　[informal sci-fi][abbr SF] 科幻小说(或影片等) 2.bonus n.意外收获;奖金;红利 3.integrity n.诚实正直;完整;完好 4.dignity n.庄重;庄严;尊严 5.salary n.薪水;薪金 6.nail n.指甲;趾甲;钉子 vt.(用钉子)钉牢;固定 7.saleswoman n.女售货员;女推销员 8.ladder n.梯子;阶梯 9.rumour [US rumor] n.谣言;传闻 10.fare n.车费;船费;飞机票价 11.weekly adj.每周的 n.周刊 12.chairwoman n.女主席;女董事长;女委员长 13.gramme [NAmE gram] n.克(重量单位) 14.flour n.面粉;(谷物磨成的)粉 15.venue n.活动场地(如音乐厅、会场等) 16.salesman n.售货员;推销员 17.alien　　　　n.外星人(生物);外国人 adj.陌生的;外星的;外国的 18.leather n.皮革;[pl.]皮衣;皮外套 19.lever n.操纵杆;杠杆 20.panel n.控制板;仪表盘;专家咨询组 21.inch n.英寸(长度单位,等于2.54厘米) 22.backwards [NAmE backward] adv.向后;倒着;往回 23.grip vt.& vi.紧握;抓紧 24.hazy adj.模糊的;朦胧的;困惑的 25.niece n.侄女;外甥女 26.fetch vt.(去)拿来;(去)请来 27.handkerchief n.手帕;纸巾 28.lamp n.灯;台灯 29.puff n.(烟、气等的)一缕;少量;喘息 30.maximum adj.最大极限的 n.最大量;最大限度 31.jolt n.震动;摇晃;颠簸 vt.& vi.(使)震动;摇晃 32.flip vt.& vi.(使)快速翻转;(用手指)轻抛
拓 展 词 汇 1.fiction n.小说;虚构的事→fictional adj.虚构的;小说(中)的→fictionally adv.杜撰地;编造地 2.appointment n.预约;约会;委任→appoint vt.任命;委派;安排→appointed adj.约定的;指定的 3.guilty adj.内疚的;有罪的;有过失的→guilt n.内疚;悔恨;犯罪;罪行 4.suspend vt.悬;挂;暂停;暂缓→suspension n.暂停;推迟 5.dismiss vt.让(某人)离开;解散;解雇;消除→dismissal n.解散;开除;不予理会 6.declare vt.表明;宣称;公布→declaration n.宣布;宣言;宣告→declared adj.公开宣布(或声明、表态)的 7.presume vt.& vi.假设;假定→presumption n.假定;假设;推测 8.calculate vt.计算;核算;预测→calculation n.计算;估计→calculator n.计算器
拓 展 词 汇 9.blurred adj.模糊不清的;难以区分的→blur v.(使)变得模糊不清;(使)难以区分 10.inaction n.无行动;不采取措施→inactive adj.不活跃的;不活动的→active adj.活跃的;积极的→action n.行动;行为→act v.做事,行动;充当;起作用 11.division n.分开;分隔;差异;除(法)→divide vt.& vi.(使)分开;分配;使分离;分隔→divided adj.分裂的;分开的;有分歧的 12.urge n.强烈的欲望;冲动 vt.催促;力劝;大力推荐→urgent adj.紧急的;迫切的;极力主张的 →urgently adv.紧急地;迫切地→urgency n.紧急;急迫 13.random adj.随机的;不可思议的→randomly adv.随便地,任意地;无目的地 14.explode vi.& vt.爆炸;爆破→explosion n.爆炸;爆破;激增;迸发→explosive adj.易爆炸的 15.mud n.泥;泥浆→muddy adj.泥泞的;模糊的;糊涂的 16.overstatement n.夸大;夸张→overstate vt.夸张;夸大(某事)→overstated adj.夸张的;过高的
重 点 词 块 1.test out　　　　检验;测试 2.more like 更像是;更接近 3.or rather 更确切地讲 4.on a...basis 根据;以……的方式(基准) 5.pros and cons 事物的利与弊;支持与反对 6.superior to 比……更好;更胜一筹 7.take over　　　　占上风;取而代之;接管;接手 8.conflict with 与……冲突或抵触 9.turn out 关掉;熄灭;在场;使朝外;结果是 10.fall away (逐渐)减少;消失 11.have an urge to 有强烈的欲望做某事
重 点 句 型 1.当她转过身来,却看到格拉迪丝·克拉芬正站在那里。(完全倒装句式) As she turned around,there stood Gladys Claffern. 2.如果我们发现在未来很难区分现实和科幻小说,也就不足为奇了。(find+it+adj.+to do) It would not be surprising if we found it difficult to distinguish between reality and science fiction in the future. 3.今天上午十点,所有时间机器中的第一台启动了其运转之旅。(强调句) It was at ten o’clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career. 4.夜幕降临了,仿佛一盏灯正在熄灭,转眼间,白昼就来临了。(as if引导方式状语从句) Night came as if a lamp was being turned out,and in another moment came the day.
表示否定/相反意义的前缀“im-” 集锦:
①possible→impossible不可能的　②polite→impolite 不礼貌的 　③patient→impatient不耐烦的
④mature→immature不成熟的 ⑤perfect→imperfect不完美的 ⑥moral→immoral 不道德的
⑦balanced→imbalanced 不平衡的 ⑧modest→immodest 不谦虚的 ⑨partial→impartial 公正的;不偏不倚的
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Though friendly,he could easily knock over my niece’s (侄女的) small boys and my six-month-old granddaughter. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)It was a moment of connection,a bridge built between cultures through the simple act(action) of sharing my name 3.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an explosion (explode) in the houseplant industry. 4.(2025·浙江1月卷) Similarly,anthropomorphized products could be created to take on stereotype-inconsistent roles — a male robot that assists with nursing or a female robot that helps do calculations(calculate),for instance. 5.(2025·浙江1月卷)Instead,she recommends applying a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the “Division(divide) of Responsibility”,where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times...
6.(2025·浙江1月卷)Eschewing fertilizers (化肥) and power tools,it’s based on an elegantly simple principle: to garden more like (更像是,更接近) nature does. 7.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)“You enter the fare(车票) gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute,a three-minute,or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost,the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit—known as BART. 8.(2024·全国甲卷)People started queuing to make an appointment(appoint) early in the morning... 9.(2024·全国甲卷)Dogs are known for their impressive fetching (拿来) habit,but cats take this behavior up a notch. 10.(2024·全国甲卷)One where I kind of knew what was going to happen,historical fiction (小说). 11.(2024·全国甲卷)This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down—a skill that has turned out(结果是) to be quite practical,especially whenever we share the newspaper. 12.(2023·全国甲卷)Earning first place on the latest “Asia’s 50 best restaurants” list,progressive Indian restaurant Gaggan is one of the most exciting venues (场所) to arrive in Bangkok in recent years. 13.(2023·全国甲卷)Interestingly,I read the chapters backwards(倒着) until I got to the beginning. 14.(2023·全国甲卷)As a musician,it’s important to give maximum (最大限度的) attention and time to your own reflections of your own feelings. 15.(2023·浙江1月卷)According to the Solar Energy Industry Association,the number of solar panels(电池板) installed (安装) has grown rapidly in the past decade,and it has to grow even faster to meet climate goals. 16.(2023·浙江1月卷)Offer their staff a salary(薪水) raise. 17.(2023·浙江1月卷)Sitting on a branch,he inched (inch) towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. 18.(2022·新课标Ⅰ卷)The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems...”. 19.(2022·新课标Ⅰ卷)“Everyone can play a part in reducing waste,whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly (每周的)shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,”Curtin says. 20.(2022·新课标Ⅱ卷)Participants were randomly (random) divided into two groups. 21.(2022·全国乙卷)In spring,the snow was replaced by mud (muddy) over ice. 22.(2022·全国乙卷)That is the very likely future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure (基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis (以……为基准). 23.(2022·全国乙卷)Just see how cars have taken over (接管) our cities. 24.(2022·浙江1月卷)To frame his story,Klein creates the character of Ned,a fictional (fiction)witness to the progress brought about by the steam and electric revolutions in America during one man’s lifetime. 25.(2022·浙江1月卷)The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there’s a new bonus (意外收获) to add to the ever-growing list. 26.(2021·新课标Ⅰ卷)The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously—so seriously that some labo(u)r (劳动) unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call. 27.(2021·全国甲卷)The curtains were falling down,the lamps (灯) were falling down.It was a real mess. 28.(2021·全国乙卷)Generation Xers with young families,like my wife and I,can still find it convenient to have a home phone (发现拥有一部家庭电话很方便) rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member.
29.(2021·天津6月卷)I was annoyed in that period and stopped practising,declaring(declare)I had reached the ceiling of my singing career. 30.(2021·天津6月卷)I wanted to make dumplings but found I had run out of flour (面粉),so I went out to buy some. 31.(2021·天津3月卷)The doctor who is also a poet and philosopher is a superior(更好的)doctor,one who can give so much more to his patients than just good medical skills. 32.(2020·浙江1月卷)By doing this,we can form a closer relationship with our customers as if they were our neighbors or relatives(就好像他们是我们的邻居或亲戚一样).
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.appointment n.预约;约会;委任
①[申请信] I believe my passion for art makes me a good candidate for the appointment (appoint) as Art Club president.
②[告知信] I have something urgent to handle and therefore,I will appoint my brother to meet(meet) you at the airport.
③杰克希望被任命为经理,所以他和老板约好了时间讨论这件事,但他没有在约定的时间出现,老板很生气,因为杰克违约了。
Jack hoped to be appointed as/to be manager,so he made an appointment with his boss to discuss about this,but he didn’t show up at the appointed time,and the boss was very mad because Jack broke the appointment/didn’t keep the appointment.
2.guilty adj.内疚的;有罪的;有过失的
①[心理描写] A guilty (guilt) feeling hit her when she saw her friend eating dinner alone.
②[情感描写] 对自己的所作所为感到愧疚,我最终向他道歉了。
→Feeling guilty for/about/at what I had done,I finally apologised to him.(feel guilty for/about/at...)
→Out of guilt,I finally apologised to him for what I had done.(out of guilt)
3.dismiss vt.让(某人)离开;解散;解雇;消除;不予考虑
①The bell rang,signaling the dismissal (dismiss) of class.
②At 12 o’clock the team was dismissed.解散
③She claims she was unfairly dismissed from her post.解雇
④Mom dismissed my worries with a hug.“It’s just a test,” she said.消除
⑤He dismissed the suggestions as worthless and refused me.不予考虑
4.declare vt.表明;宣称;公布
①他声称自己是无辜的。
→He declared himself to be innocent.(declare...to be...)
→He declared that he was innocent.(declare that...)
→It’s declared that he was innocent.(It’s declared that...)
②他声明支持修建新机场的计划。
He declared for the plan to build a new airport.
③[动作描写] 杰克高高举手,自信地宣告答案。
Jack declared his answer confidently,raising his hand high in the air.
5.superior adj.更好的;占优势的;(在级别或重要性上)更高的
①Tom’s math skills are superior to those of his classmates.
②他年龄比我小,但资历比我深;我不嫉妒他,因为他在专业知识方面比我强。
He is junior to me in age,but senior to me in qualification;I’m not jealous of him,because he is superior to me in professional knowledge.
　　superior用作形容词时,本身含有比较之意,故不再有比较级或最高级形式,不能在前面加more或most;用于“superior...to...”时表示“两事物的比较”,不能用than。senior,junior,inferior和superior的用法基本相同。
6.division n.分开;分隔;差异;除(法)
①He struggled to divide her time between homework and piano practice.
②Household waste can be roughly divided into food waste,non-recyclable waste and recyclable waste.
③As the work can be divided (divide) among several people,it can be done efficiently.
④ [活动介绍] 我们被分成三个小组进行大扫除。
We were divided into three groups to do a thorough clean-up.
⑤南北饮食差异依然存在。
The division of diet between the South and North still remains.
divide 指把某个整体划分为若干部分,常与into搭配
separate 表示“将……与……分开”,指把原来连在一起或靠近的个体分隔开来,常与from搭配
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] Claire thought ①it was ridiculous ②that she was being offered sympathy by a robot,but she gradually admired his wisdom and integrity and began to trust him.
尝试分析:这是一个由but连接的并列句,在第一个分句中,①是省略that的宾语从句,其中it为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的②(即that引导的主语从句)。
自主翻译:克莱尔觉得一个机器人对她表示同情十分荒谬,但她逐渐欣赏他的智慧和正直,并且开始信任他。
情景仿写:我知道准确掌握每个英语单词的发音很重要,但是我不知道该如何做,因此我写信向您求助。
I know it is very important that I should master the pronunciation of each English word accurately,but I have no idea how to do it,so I’m writing to you for help.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.pace
A.n.速度;步伐　B.n.节奏　C.vt.& vi.确定速度;调整节奏　D.vi.走来走去
①She stood up and began to pace up and down.　D　
②The computer will give students the opportunity to learn at their own pace.　B　
③It’s a long climb,so you have to pace yourself.　C　
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
During the school debate competition,Sarah noticed her nervousness was starting to take over① as her hands shook and her mind went blank.Just then,her teammate Jake stepped in and took over② her speaking time,delivering their arguments with confidence.After they won,the student council took over③ organizing future debate events,promising to make them more inclusive for shy students like Sarah.
学校辩论赛上,莎拉发现她的紧张感开始①占据上风——双手发抖、大脑空白。这时她的队友杰克出面并②接替了她的发言时间,自信地陈述了他们的论点。他们获胜后,学生会③接管了后续辩论活动的组织工作,承诺让更多像莎拉这样害羞的学生参与进来。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2024·浙江1月卷)The tip that comes up most often is simple:build online courses into your weekly (week) schedule,just like what you would do with in-person courses.
2.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)What does Campbell urge people to do (do) regarding AI development
3.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Sara makes the phone call to cancel an appointment (appoint).
4.(2023·浙江1月卷)To calculate(calculate)your speed as you do,divide 3,600 (the number of seconds in an hour)by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile (the distance between two mileposts).
5.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) What is the basis (basic) for John’s work
6.I remember well that the class was dismissed (dismiss) early that day because of bad weather.
7.Amy was chosen for the position because she was far superior to any other candidate.
8.The man often conflicts with other colleagues,which makes his boss explode with anger.
9.My mind went blank and I felt guilty (guilt) about not answering the question correctly.
10.He researched about two thousand people across England,who were randomly (random) selected by computer.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 说明文—科技发展—机器人的优势
在信息时代,可能每个人都渴望拥有一个机器人。请根据下列提示,介绍机器人的一些优势。
[场景演练]
1.在信息时代,可能每个人都强烈渴望拥有一个机器人。(have an urge to)
In the Information Age,it’s likely that everyone has an urge to have a robot.
2.当你感到恐慌的时候,它会陪着你。(accompany,alarmed)
It will accompany you when you feel alarmed.
3.它有很多功能。例如,它可以定期做家务。(on a...basis)
It has many functions.For example,it can do housework on a regular basis.
4.更重要的是,当你外出时,它会服从你的命令,关掉灯和其他电器。(turn out)
What’s more,when you go out,it will obey your orders and turn out the lights and other electrical appliances.
5.最后但同样重要的是,如果使用得当,机器人不会与人类发生冲突。(conflict with)
Last but not least,if it is used wisely,a robot will not conflict with human beings.
6.机器人更像是一个朋友而不是一台机器。(more like)
The robot is more like a friend than a machine.
7.我相信,如果你有一个机器人,你的坏情绪将从你的脑海中被消除。(dismiss)
I am convinced that if you have a robot,your bad emotions will be dismissed from your mind.
[句式升级]
1.将第1句和第2句用定语从句进行改写升级。
In the Information Age,it’s likely that everyone has an urge to have a robot,which will accompany you when you feel alarmed.
2.将第4句用as well as 进行改写升级。
What’s more,when you go out,it will obey your orders and turn out the lights as well as other electrical appliances.
3.将第5句用省略句进行改写升级。
Last but not least,if used wisely,a robot will not conflict with human beings.
4.将第6句和第7句用so连接进行改写升级。
The robot is more like a friend than a machine,so I am convinced that if you have a robot,your bad emotions will be dismissed from your mind.
[连句成篇]
In the Information Age,it’s likely that everyone has an urge to have a robot,which will accompany you when you feel alarmed.
It has many functions.For example,it can do housework on a regular basis.What’s more,when you go out,it will obey your orders and turn out the lights as well as other electrical appliances.Last but not least,if used wisely,a robot will not conflict with human beings.
The robot is more like a friend than a machine,so I am convinced that if you have a robot,your bad emotions will be dismissed from your mind.
sorrowful adj.悲伤的 grieved adj.悲伤的 broken-hearted/heartbroken adj.心碎的 disappointed/frustrated adj.失望的;沮丧的 depressed adj.沮丧的 upset adj.沮丧的;难过的 desperate adj.绝望的 悲伤、 沮丧、 失望 float in an ocean of sadness 漂浮在悲伤的海洋里 tears roll/stream/flow down one’s cheeks 泪流满面 shed tears of sorrow 流下悲伤的泪水 sink into depression/despair 陷入沮丧/绝望中 abandon oneself to sadness/despair 陷入悲伤/绝望中
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.platform　　　n.平台;站台;舞台 2.drag vt.拖;拽 vt.& vi.缓慢而费力地移动 3.privilege　　　n.优惠待遇;特权 4.deserve vt.值得;应得;应受 5.pray vi.& vt.企盼;祈祷
阅 读 词 汇 1.parcel　　　n.包裹 vt.裹好;打包 2.jam n.果酱;堵塞 3.mail n.邮件;信件;邮政 vt.邮寄;发电邮给 4.clay n.黏土;陶土 5.weed n.杂草;野草 vt.& vi.除杂草 6.chorus n.合唱曲;合唱团 vt.合唱;齐声说 7.cotton n.棉布;棉花 8.uniform n.校服;制服 adj.一致的;统一的 9.tablet n.平板电脑;便笺本;药片 10.rubber n.橡皮;黑板擦;橡胶 11.washroom n.洗手间;厕所 12.rigid adj.死板的;固执的 13.bubble vi.起泡;沸腾 14.tube n.管子;管状物 15.circus n.马戏团 16.shade vt.给……遮挡(光线);加灯罩;把……涂暗 n.阴凉处;灯罩;阴影部分 17.jaw n.颌;下巴 18.wrinkle vt.& vi.(使脸上)起皱纹;皱起 n.皱纹 19.forehead n.额;前额 20.hut n.简陋的小房子(或棚、舍) 21.fireplace　　　n.壁炉 22.saucer n.茶碟;杯托 23.kettle n.(烧水用的)壶;水壶 24.pan n.平底锅;烤盘 25.jar n.罐子;坛子 26.grill n.烤架;烤肉餐馆 27.doorway n.门口;出入口;门道 28.leftover adj.吃剩的;残留的 n.吃剩的食物;遗留物 29.handshake n.握手 30.plug vt.封堵;补足 n.堵塞物;插头;插座 31.input n.情况;信息;投入;输入 vt.输入 32.tune n.曲调;曲子 vt.调音;调节;调频道 33.contract vt.感染(疾病);与……订立合同(或契约) n.合同;契约 34.grant vt.同意;准许 n.拨款 35.cardiac adj.心脏病的;心脏的 36.circuit n.巡回;环形线路 37.relay vt.转发;转播 n.接力赛;接班的人 38.criterion n.(pl.criteria)标准;准则;原则 39.hypothetical adj.假设的;假定的
拓 展 词 汇 1.secondary adj.中学的;次要的→second det.& num.第二;居第二位的;另外的 n.秒;片刻→secondly adv.其次;第二 2.dust n.沙土;灰尘 vi.& vt.擦灰→dusty adj.布满灰尘的 3.chemist n.化学家;药剂师;药房→chemistry n.化学;化学过程→chemical n.化学制品,化学药品 adj.化学的 4.housing n.住房;住宅→house vt.给……提供住处;收藏;安置 n.房屋;住宅 5.ripe adj.成熟的;时机成熟的→ripen vt.& vi.(使)成熟 6.disabled adj.有残疾的;丧失能力的→disable vt.使伤残;使无能为力→disability n.缺陷;障 碍→ability n.能力;才能→able adj.有能力的;能够的→enable vt.使可能;使能够 7.resign vi.& vt.辞职;辞去→resignation n.辞职信;辞呈;顺从;听任→resigned adj.逆来顺受的;顺从的 8.lately adv.最近;不久前;近来→late adj.晚的;迟的 adv.晚;迟→later adv.以后;后来 adj.以后的;后来的→latest adj.最近的;最新的 9.consultation n.咨询;咨询会→consult vt.& vi.请教;商量;查阅→consultant n.顾问;咨询师 10.stability n.稳定(性);稳固(性)→stable adj.稳定的;稳固的→unstable adj.不稳定的
重 点 词 块 1.be dying to do sth　　　渴望做某事 2.a chorus of 齐声;异口同声 3.not to mention 更不用说;且不说 4.be relevant/related to 与……有关 5.get through 通过;完成;接通 6.dry out (使) 变干;(使)干透 7.take (...) for granted 认为(……)是理所当然;对(……)不予重视 8.work on　　　　　忙于;从事于 9.in addition 此外;除……之外 10.relay to 转达给……;转发给…… 11.be/feel proud of 以……自豪;为……感到骄傲 12.pray that 但愿
重 点 句 型 1.几天前,我正在给男孩们演示一个化学实验,在我反应过来之前,混合物冒着泡从试管中涌出,洒得到处都是!(“be doing...when...”句型) The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when,before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere! 2.说实话,我怀疑我是否能给这些男孩们的生活带来任何影响。(doubt后接宾语从句) To be honest,I doubt whether I’m making any difference to these boys’ lives at all. 3.我喜欢听这家人用他们的语言轻声地交谈,虽然我无法参与太多他们的谈话。(even though引导让步状语从句) I loved listening to the family talking softly to each other in their language,even though I could not participate much in the conversation.
表示否定/相反意义的前缀“un-” 集锦:
①happy→unhappy不开心的　　　②healthy→unhealthy不健康的　　③fair→unfair不公平的
④usual→unusual不寻常的 ⑤lucky→unlucky 不幸的 ⑥certain→uncertain 不确定的
⑦friendly→unfriendly 不友好的 ⑧stable→unstable 不稳定的 ⑨like→unlike不像
⑩known→unknown未知的,不了解的　　　acceptable→unacceptable不能接受的
accustomed→unaccustomed不习惯的
1.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa, where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer (pray) at dinner time. 2.(2025· 新课标Ⅱ卷)He signed a contract(合同). 3.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)And,there are tasks for every age and ability,so all your children can feel proud of (为……感到骄傲) their work. 4.(2025·浙江1月卷)The platform(平台) is not only reserved for professional cooks,but also for those willing to discover new experiences. 5.(2025·浙江1月卷)In a matrix garden, plants with similar cultural needs are grouped so that they will grow together above and below ground, forming a cooperative ecosystem that conserves water and discourages weeds (weed). 6.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)In addition(此外),I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary,picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. 7.( 2024· 新课标Ⅱ卷) Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege (荣幸). 8.(2023· 全国甲卷) How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house (housing) she rented 9.(2023· 全国甲卷) My father was a high school teacher of physics and chemistry (chemist). 10.(2023· 全国乙卷)It deserves (deserve)a high reputation. 11.(2023·全国乙卷)Even though(尽管) Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine,it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists. 12.(2023·浙江1月卷)Over 28 states have passed laws related to (与……有关) pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use. 13.(2023·浙江1月卷)I was standing by the car when a hummingbird flew to the centre of our group and began hovering. 14.(2022· 新课标Ⅱ卷) His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet(平板电脑) computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. 15.(2022· 全国乙卷)They often run at high speeds, which may put our lives in danger.And there were traffic jams (jam), too. 16.(2022·新课标Ⅰ卷)I work on (忙于;从事于)anything that excites me. 17.(2021·新课标Ⅱ卷)Andria Zafirakou,a north London secondary (中学的) school teacher,said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution (变革). 18.(2021·全国乙卷)These days,safty regulations— not to mention(更不用说) the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and a comfortable seat—tend to keep stadium capacities(容量) slightly lower. 19.(2021·浙江6月卷)He explained our basic task,the tractor fired up and we were off,riding down the field looking for weeds to spray with chemicals (chemical). 20.(2021·天津3月卷)Seconds later,our lizard emerged (emerge) from its tank with its old skin flowing behind it. 21.(2020· 新课标Ⅰ卷改编) Mailing (mail) your entry on October 30 will result in disqualification. 22.(2020· 新课标Ⅱ卷)Grant didn’t wait, clutching(抓牢)the baby to his chest and dragging (drag) the boy alongside, Grant ran down the hallway. 23.(2020·天津卷)It produces a deafening sound so painful that it temporarily disables (disable) a person. 24.(2020·江苏卷)Adapted in imaginative ways,many have reappeared on city streets and village greens housing(house) tiny cafes,cellphone repair shops or even defibrillator machines (除颤器).
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.privilege n.优惠待遇;特权vt.给予特权;特别优待
①As a journalist,I have the privilege to interview (interview) some of the most influential figures in our society.
②I feel privileged (privilege) to have been invited to speak at the international conference, sharing my insights with experts from around the world.
③[申请信] 我认为能在贵校学习并体验不同的教育环境是一种荣幸。
I believe it would be a privilege to study in your school and experience the different educational environment.
2.resign vi.& vt.辞职;辞去
①Unable to care for her beloved pet dog anymore, she had to resign it to a trusted animal shelter.
②After careful consideration, I have decided to resign from my position as library assistant due to personal reasons.
③马克在高压工作十年后决定辞去财务总监一职。尽管对提交辞职后的生活感到迷茫,他最终接受了节奏放缓的日子,并在绘画中找到新乐趣。
Mark chose to resign from his CFO role after 10 stressful years.Though confused about life after his resignation, he gradually resigned himself to a slower pace, discovering joy in painting.
3.deserve vt.值得;应得;应受
①He gets much deserved (deserve) respect due to his compassion and empathy for others,especially those who are struggling.
②She deserves to take (take) a break and enjoy the natural beauty she has helped protect.
③汤姆经常帮助别人,他值得被表扬。
Tom often helps others.He deserves praising/to be praised.
①表示“很值得”,用well修饰deserve;
②后接动名词时,动名词用主动形式表示被动意义。有此类用法的动词还有need、 want、 require等。
4.consultation n.咨询;咨询会
①Yesterday he had a consultation with a consultant.After consulting her for a whole afternoon, he decided to take her advice on how to keep healthy.(consult)
②[求助信]Since you have rich experience in guiding students, I hope to consult you on/about this problem.
　　consult可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。作“请教”讲时多接人作宾语;作“翻阅”讲时常接书、词典、地图等作宾语;表示“与……商量”可接介词with;表示“请教或商议”一般可接介词about或on。
5.take (...) for granted 认为(……)是理所当然;对(……)不予重视
①[倡议信]我们应该更加关注环境保护。不要把清新的空气和美丽的风景当作理所当然的存在。
We should pay more attention to environmental protection. Don’t take the clean air and beautiful scenery for granted.
②当我上周负责一项课外活动时,我认真对待它。我利用每个向同学们征求意见的机会,因此我完美地组织了这次活动。我的同学们都以我为荣。
When I took charge of an extra-curricular activity last week,I took it seriously.I took advantage of every opportunity to ask my classmates for their opinions,so I organised this activity perfectly.My classmates all took pride in me.
6.“be doing ...when ...”句型
[教材原句] The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere!
几天前,我正在给男孩们演示一个化学实验,在我反应过来之前,混合物冒着泡从试管中涌出,洒得到处都是!
①[动作描写]I was doing my chemistry experiment carefully in the lab when the fire alarm suddenly went off.
②[心理描写] 我躺在草地上,享受着温暖的阳光,这时一种幸福和满足的感觉充满了我的心。
I was lying on the grass, enjoying the warm sunshine when a sense of happiness and contentment filled my heart.
when表示“这时(突然)”之意时,还用于以下三种句型:
①be about to do... when...正要做……,这时(突然)……
I was about to close the door when suddenly the phone rang.我正要关门,突然电话响了。
②be on the point of doing...when...正要做……,这时(突然)……
I was on the point of submitting this important report when my computer unexpectedly crashed.我正要提交这份重要的报告,电脑却意外地崩溃了。
③had (just) done... when...刚做完……,这时(突然)……
I had just finished my homework when my mother came back.我刚做完作业,我妈妈就回来了。
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] ①Now that I understand ②how important my mother’s work is,I’ve decided to become a volunteer myself to help people in other lands.
尝试分析:这是一个主从复合句。主句是I’ve decided to become a volunteer myself to help people in other lands。①是now that引导的原因状语从句,②是how引导的宾语从句。
自主翻译:既然我明白了我妈妈的工作有多么重要,我决定自己也成为一名志愿者,去帮助其他国家的人。
情景仿写:既然我明白了持之以恒的重要性,我决定无论遇到什么困难都会坚持下去。
Now that I understand how important persistence is, I’ve decided to carry on whatever difficulties I meet.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.shade
A.n.阴凉处　　　　B.n. 一丝
C.vt.遮蔽 D.n.色度
①You can’t look directly into it; you’ve got to shade your eyes or close them altogether.　C　
②There’s a shade of doubt in his voice when he answered the question.　B　
③The artist mixed several shades of blue to paint the ocean. 　D　
④She sat under the shade of a willow tree, enjoying the cool breeze.　A　
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
After months of negotiations, the software company finally secured a major contract① with an international client.The CEO flew to Berlin to contract② the deal, signing the documents in a formal ceremony.However, during the trip, she began feeling unwell.It turned out that she had accidently contracted③ a severe flu from a colleague.
经过数月的谈判,这家软件公司终于与一家国际客户签订了一份重要①合同。首席执行官飞往柏林②签署协议,并在正式仪式上完成了文件签字。然而在出差期间,她开始感到不适。原来她不小心从同事那里③感染了重感冒。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.Satisfied,he gave me a thumbs-up, praised me a lot for my honesty and also thanked me for the tip,but I told him that he deserved (deserve) it.
2.We consider ourselves privileged (privilege) to have been invited to give a speech here.
3.Looking at the wrinkled (wrinkle) face of my mother, I regretted quarrelling with her just now.
4.When waiting for the apples to ripen (ripe), I logged the weather changes in the area.
5.Please tell us what the criteria (criterion) are for deciding who gets the prize.
6.After consulting (consult) my uncle who is a psychologist by profession,I know how to keep mentally healthy.
7.The policeman rushed to the burning car and dragged (drag) the injured driver out of it.
8.Mary was busy inputting (input) the survey results, so she had no time to help me type the report.
9.After resigning (resign) from the company, my father took some books to the post office and mailed them to his friend.
10.I think we need to read some materials that are relevant to the topic we are discussing.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 投稿—志愿服务—支教经历
假设两年前你曾经志愿在一所偏远的中学教书。请你为《英语周报》写一篇英文稿件,介绍你的支教经历和收获。
[场景演练]
1.我曾经志愿在一所偏远的中学教书。那里的学生学习很刻苦。(secondary)
I once volunteered to teach in a remote secondary school. The students there studied very hard.
2.他们没有校服,更不用说现代化的教学设备了。(uniform,not to mention)
They didn’t have school uniforms, not to mention modern teaching equipment.
3.尽管条件很糟糕,我还是渴望教授他们更多的知识,而且我认为改变这糟糕的情况是一种荣幸。(be dying to,privilege)
Despite the terrible conditions, I was dying to teach them more knowledge and I thought it was a privilege to change the bad situation.
4.除了教学,下课后我会帮助农民清理杂草,采摘成熟的苹果。(weed,ripe)
Besides teaching,after class I would help the farmers clean up weeds,and pick ripe apples.
5.虽然天气很热,但大苹果树为我提供阴凉。(shade)
Although it was rather hot, the big apple trees provided shade for me.
6.经过一整天的辛苦工作,我感到非常高兴,然后拖着缓慢的步伐前往学校。(drag)
After a whole day’s hard work, I felt very happy and then dragged myself along the path to school.
7.在我离开学校两年后的一天,我在办公室工作时收到了一封信。(be doing...when...)
One day after I was away from the school for two years, I was working in my office when I received a letter.
8.在信中,我曾经在那里教过的学生向我表示感谢,并向我转达了最好的祝愿。(relay)
In the letter,the students I once taught there thanked me and relayed the best wishes to me.
[句式升级]
1.将第1句用where引导的定语从句进行改写升级。
I once volunteered to teach in a remote secondary school where the students studied very hard.
2.将第3句用现在分词作状语进行改写升级。
Despite the terrible conditions, dying to teach them more knowledge, I thought it was a privilege to change the bad situation.
3.将第7句和第8句用定语从句进行改写升级。
One day after I was away from the school for two years, I was working in my office when I received a letter, in which the students I once taught there thanked me and relayed the best wishes to me.
[连句成篇]
I once volunteered to teach in a remote secondary school where the students studied very hard.They didn’t have school uniforms,not to mention modern teaching equipment.Despite the terrible conditions,dying to teach them more knowledge,I thought it was a privilege to change the bad situation.
Besides teaching,after class I would help the farmers clean up weeds,and pick ripe apples.Although it was rather hot,the big apple trees provided shade for me.After a whole day’s hard work,I felt very happy and then dragged myself along the path to school.
One day after I was away from the school for two years,I was working in my office when I received a letter,in which the students I once taught there thanked me and relayed the best wishes to me.
rolling hills连绵起伏的山丘 the glistening water 波光粼粼的水面 verdant forests翠绿的森林 frost-covered trees 白霜覆盖的树木 vibrant flowers鲜艳的花朵 the harmonious chirping 和谐的鸣叫声 immaculate snow 洁白无瑕的雪 环境描写 a breathtaking landscape 一处令人叹为观止的风景 the clear blue sky 清澈的蓝天 the starry night sky繁星点点的夜空 the awe-inspiring beauty of nature令人敬畏的自然之美 striking scenery引人注目的景色 a gentle sea breeze轻柔的海风
湛蓝的天空在绵延起伏的山丘上方延展,温暖的阳光洒在点缀于山坡上的鲜艳花朵上。山下,波光粼粼的湖水映照着这令人叹为观止的景色,构成了一幅完美的画面。为这田园诗般的魅力更添一笔的是,鸟儿和谐的啁啾声弥漫在空气中,仿佛大自然本身正在弹奏一首美妙的交响乐。远处,挂满白霜的树木挺拔矗立,为这景致增添了一抹神奇的色彩。当轻柔的海风拂过大地,风中携带着大自然的清新气息,时刻提醒着我们,周围环绕着的是令人敬畏的自然之美。
The clear blue sky stretched above the rolling hills, and it cast a warm glow on ①the vibrant flowers that dotted the slopes.
Down below,②the glistening water of the lake mirrored the breathtaking landscape, creating a picture-perfect scene.
Adding to the idyllic charm,③the harmonious chirping of birds filled the air, as if nature itself was playing a wonderful symphony.
In the distance,there were ④frost-covered trees standing tall, adding a touch of magic to the view.
As ⑤a gentle sea breeze blew across the land, it carried with it the fresh scent of nature, reminding us of ⑥the awe-inspiring beauty that surrounded us.
要求:请根据线训练,再结合括号中的提示完成句式升级,并续写后续内容,使故事情节更加完整。
Stepping into this pure land far away from the hustle and bustle, it’s as if we had walked into a dreamland.The clear blue sky stretched above the rolling hills, ①casting a warm glow(现在分词作状语) on the vibrant flowers that dotted the slopes.Down below, the glistening water of the lake mirrored the breathtaking landscape,②which created a picture-perfect scene (定语从句).Adding to the idyllic charm, the harmonious chirping of birds filled the air, as if nature itself was playing a wonderful symphony.In the distance, ③frost-covered trees stood tall(拟人),adding a touch of magic to the view.④With a gentle sea breeze blowing across the land(with复合结构),it carried with it the fresh scent of nature, reminding us of the awe-inspiring beauty that surrounded us.⑤This was truly a place where one could lose themselves in the wonders of the natural world.In such a wonderful environment,we can fully relax ourselves and find the peace deep in our hearts.
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　 　　n.公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所);关节 adj.联合的;共同的 2.　　　　 　　adj.坦率的;简单的 3.　　　　 adj. 大;宏大的
阅 读 词 汇 1.iconic 　　　　　adj.　　　　　　　 2.didgeridoo n.　　　　　　　 3.equator n.　　　　　　　 4.barbecue n.[abbr.BBQ]　　　　　 5.bakery n.　　　　　　　 6.butcher n.　　　　　　　 7.premier adj.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 8.herb n.　　　　　　　 9.dim sim 　　　　　　　 10.hollow adj.　　　　　　　 11.horn n.　　　　　　　 12.pitch n.　　　　　　　 13.slogan n.　　　　　　　 14.minister n.　　　　　　　 15.prime minister 　　　　　　　 16.frog n.　　　　　　　 17.arrow n.　　　　　　　 18.entitle vt.　　　　　　　 19.getaway n.　　　　　　　 20.dive vi.& n.(dived/dove,dived) 　　　　　　　 21.kayaking n.　　　　　　　 22.peak season 　　　　　　　 23.domain 　　　　　n.　　　　　　　 24.sponsor vt.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 25.liberty n.　　　　　　　 26.golf n.　　　　　　　 27.strait n.　　　　　　　 28.sample n.　　　　　　　 29.monument n.　　　　　　　 30.kiwi n.　　　　　　　 31.geyser n.　　　　　　　 32.sulphuric pool 　　　　　　　 33.manuka honey 　　　　　　　 34.bungee jumping 　　　　　　　 35.geothermal park 　　　　　　　 36.pouch n.　　　　　　　 37.phase n.　　　　　　　 38.trunk n.　　　　　　　 39.session n.　　　　　　　 40.nest n.　　　　　　　 41.mammal n.　　　　　　　 42.hatch vi.　　　　　　　 vt.　　　　　　　 43.fence n.　　　　　　　 44.prison n.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 vt.& vi.(使)振动→　　　　 n.震动→　　　　 adj.充满生机的;强劲的;鲜艳的 2.　　　　 adj.暴力的;猛烈的→　　　　 n.暴力;暴行→　　　　 adv.猛烈地;剧烈地;暴力地;激烈地 3.　　　　 n.生理;生物学→　　　　 adj.生物的;生物学的→　　　　 n.生物学家 4.　　　　 n.能力;容量→　　　　 adj.有能力的;足以胜任的 5.　　　　 n.发生率;重复率;(声波或电磁波振动的)频率→　　　　 adj.频繁的;常见的→　　　　 adv.频繁地;经常地 6.　　　　 n.创建;基础;地基→　　　　 vt.创建;建立→　　　　 n.创建者;创始人 7.　　　　 adj.政治的→　　　　 n.政治;政治观点→　　　　 n.政治家;政客 8.　　　　 adj.位于,坐落在→　　　　 vt.找出……的准确位置;把……安置在;使……坐落于→　　　　 n.地点;位置 9.　　　　 n.自由;不受……影响的状态→　　　　 adj.自由的;免费的 vt.释放;使摆脱→　　　　 adv.自由地;不受限制地;无拘无束地 10.　　　　 n.分布;分配;分发→　　　　 vt.分布;分配;分发→　　　　 n.经销商;分销商 11.　　　　 adj.暂时的;短暂的→　　　　 adv.暂时地;短暂地 12.　　　　 vt.批准;许可 n.(=licence)许可证;执照→　　　　 adj.得到正式许可的
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　　迫不及待做某事 2.　　　　　　　 主修 3.　　　　　　　 与……接触 4.　　　　　　　 坚信;确信 5.　　　　　　　 在……方面起作用 6.　　　　　　　 宾至如归;舒适自在 7.　　　　　　　　　　一群(羊或鸟) 8.　　　　　　　 为了……的利益 9.　　　　　　　 偶然碰到;偶然发现;表达,传达 10.　　　　　　　 少数人(或物);一把(的量)
重 点 句 型 1.(澳大利亚)位于赤道以南,并在地球上很多国家的下方,它常被非正式地称为“down under”。(过去分词短语作状语;be referred to as) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,below many other countries on the globe,it’s often informally 　　　　　　　　 “down under”. 2.他们绝大多数的乐器其实就是地上找到的树枝,其中就有一种令人惊叹的、叫作迪吉里杜管的乐器。(过去分词作定语;介词+关系代词) 　Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks 　　　　　　　　,　　　　　　　 there is an amazing instrument 　　　　　　　　　　　　. 3.据说现在近一半的澳大利亚公民要么自己在海外出生,要么父母在海外出生。(It is said that句型;either...or...句式;who引导定语从句) 　　　　　　 now nearly half of all Australian citizens were 　　　　 born overseas 　　　　 have parents 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
表示否定/相反意义的前缀“in-” 集锦:
①active→inactive不活跃的　　②accurate→inaccurate不准确的　　③complete→incomplete不完整的
④visible→invisible看不见的 ⑤direct→indirect间接的 ⑥efficient→inefficient 低效的
⑦formal→informal非正式的 ⑧human→inhuman非人道的 ⑨correct→incorrect 不正确的
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷) Joanna Wright,a senior 　　　　 (politics) science major,loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. 2.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷) Where is the speaker’s city 　　　　 (locate) 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Most famously,a Canadian journalist 　　　　 had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)But in 　　　　 (sample) with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate,boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Butcher shops,greengrocers,　　　　 (bakery),and cheese shops line the town square. 6.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)　　　　　　　　　　 (据说) 95% of teenagers either own or have access to a smartphone. 7.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Over time,I’ve found myself 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (感觉非常自在) here. 8.(2025·浙江1月卷)The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of 　　　　 (free),as opposed to a restaurant where the service is impersonal,the menu is known in advance,and the meal is expected to be no surprise. 9.(2025·浙江1月卷)You must have a driver’s 　　　　 (执照) and a good driving record. 10.(2025·浙江1月卷)“There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through,but I’m not 　　　　 (坚信;确信) that food is one of them,” she says. 11.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Further,the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road,by 　　　　 silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time. 12.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Make 　　　　 (共同的) efforts to keep it under control. 13.(2024·全国甲卷)For instance,almost all animals have distinct vocals(声音) that they rely on to either ask for help,scare away any dangerous animals 　　　　 look for shelter. 14.(2024·全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska,which became a national 　　　　 (纪念碑) in 1978,took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 15.(2024·全国甲卷)The Saint Lukas is one of five government-　　　　 (sponsor) medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia. 16.(2023· 新课标Ⅰ卷)In part one,I describe the philosophical 　　　　 (foundation) of digital minimalism,starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable,before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy. 17.(2023·全国甲卷) “Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range,” says bear 　　　　 (biology) Chris Servheen. 18.(2023·全国乙卷)Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine,it is producing more top class chefs who appear 　　　　 (frequent) on our television screens... 19.(2023·浙江1月卷)All camp 　　　　 (session) are created with age-appropriate activities that are tailored to the multiple ways that kids learn.
20.(2022·新课标Ⅰ卷)“Everyone can 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (在……方面起作用) reducing waste,whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,” Curtin says. 21.(2021·新课标Ⅰ卷)It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for 　　　　 (temporarily) help during our spring break. 22.(2021·新课标Ⅰ卷)Millions of waterfowl (水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and 　　　　　　　　 (少数人) overly ambitious sportsmen. 23.(2021·浙江1月卷)It was only when I tried to remove my head that I realized getting out was going to be less 　　　　　　　　 (简单的) than getting in. 24.(2020·江苏卷)Taking on this challenge will bring you 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (与……接触) someone who shares your interests.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.located adj.位于
①[校园介绍]The science lab,　　　　 (locate) on the third floor,is equipped with advanced experimental facilities.
②他们在澳大利亚旅游时预订了一家位置极佳的旅馆。
They booked a hotel that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 when travelling in Australia.
③[景点介绍] 丽江古城位于云南省,完整保留了13世纪的纳西族传统建筑。
→
　(located in)
→
　(situated in)
→
　(lie in)
2.freedom n.自由;不受……影响的状态
①[场景描写]那只蜂鸟刚被释放就在明亮的天空中自由地飞翔。
The moment the hummingbird 　　　　　　　　　　　　,it flew 　　　　 in the bright sky.
②[运动与健康]除了丰富学校生活,冬季徒步旅行也让我们学生从繁重的学习中解脱出来。
Besides enriching the school life,the winter hiking also 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the heavy work of study.
③[调查报告] 调查显示,80%的学生希望午餐时间能自由使用手机辅助学习。
→According to the survey,80% of students hope to 　　　　　　　　　　　　 mobile phones during lunch breaks for study purposes.(be free to do)
→According to the survey,80% of students hope to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 mobile phones during lunch breaks for study purposes.(have the freedom to do)
3.distribution n.分布;分配;分发
①Agricultural products have a wide 　　　　 in China,but the farmers don’t have an efficient access to the market.So some companies purchase the products directly from farmers and 　　　　 them 　　　　 cities,where they are sold by secondary 　　　　.(distribute)
②[活动安排]志愿者负责向地震灾民分发救援物资。
4.license vt.批准;许可 n.(=licence)许可证;执照
①No one is allowed to drive a car without 　　　　 driving license.
②这种新药尚未在这个国家获准出售。
→The new drug 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(be licensed for)
→This country 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(license sb to do)
5.capacity n.能力;容量
①The stadium has a capacity 　　　　50,000 seats,making it one of the largest venues in the city for sporting events and concerts.
②This new smartphone model has the capacity 　　　　 storing thousands of photos and hours of video footage due to its large internal storage space.
③[申请信]我相信我的创新思维能力使我很容易胜任这份工作。
④[申请信]我能说一口流利的英语,能为前来参观我市中国画展览的外国游客提供解说。
→

　(be capable of)
→

　(have the capacity to do sth)
6.either...or...句式
[教材原句] It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas.
据说现在近一半的澳大利亚公民要么自己在海外出生,要么父母在海外出生。
①[投稿征文] 投稿文章必须围绕校园生活或影响青少年的社会问题。
Articles must focus on 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
②明天要么你去那里,要么我去。
　　　　　　　　　　　　 going there tomorrow.
③你可以待在这儿,也可以和他们一起去。
You can either stay here 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] ①If you want to hold a koala,you have to go to certain licensed zoos ②where animal experts make sure ③that the koalas selected for each session are in a good state for human
contact and ④that they are handled for only a limited time and on a limited frequency of occasions.
尝试分析:这是一个主从复合句,主句是you have to go to certain licensed zoos。句中①是if引导的　　　　从句,②是where引导的　　　　从句,修饰先行词certain licensed zoos,③和④是两个that引导的　　　　从句,由and连接,作make sure的　　　　。
自主翻译:
情景仿写:如果你想去国外继续深造,你最好选择一所大学,在那里杰出的教授会确保你的语言能力会得到提高,而且你的学术水平也会得到提升。
　　　　 you want to further your study abroad,you had better choose a university 　　　　 distinguished professors 　　　　　　　　　　 your language ability will be improved 　　　
　　　　　 your academic level will also be promoted.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Joanna Wright,a senior political science major,loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week.　　　　　　　
②(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework,when you did the ironing without being asked,or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day.　　　　　　　
③(2024·全国甲卷)The Saint Lukas is one of five government-sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia.　　　　　　　
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
Although the initial distribution① of relief funds was unequal among villages,we prioritized areas where the geographical distribution② of flood damage was most severe.When our team began the distribution③ of food and medicine,local volunteers ensured efficient delivery via trucks.Meanwhile,the restored distribution④ of electricity enabled all households to receive reliable source of energy before nightfall.
虽然最初的救济资金①　　　　在各个村庄之间是不平等的,但我们优先考虑了洪水灾害地理②　　　　最严重的地区。当我们的团队开始③　　　　食品和药品时,当地志愿者通过卡车确保了高效的运送。与此同时,恢复的电力④　　　　使所有家庭在夜幕降临前都能得到可靠的能源来源。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) “What is your name ” is a question most 　　　　(frequent) asked when people meet for the first time.
2.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Volunteering makes you feel 　　　　(capacity) and inspires you to make the most of each day.
3.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine—combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture,chiropractic (按摩疗法) and 　　　　 (herb) medicine.
4.(2023·全国甲卷)His teachings shaped the moral and ethical 　　　　 (found) of Chinese culture,fostering respect for authority,harmonious relationships,and the pursuit of knowledge.
5.She moved to Virginia in 1865,where she provided medical care to 　　　　 (free) people.
6.I have the capacity 　　　　　　　　 (weigh) the pros and cons of the matter and make a proper choice.
7.I urged him to book the hotel 　　　　(locate) in the center of the city.
8.Here’s a 　　　　(hand) of ways that will set you in the right direction.
9.Full-time employees in our company are 　　　　 (entitle) to receive health insurance.
10.The map shows the 　　　　(distribute) of this species of bird across the world.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 告知信—标志性景点—分享旅行的经历与感受
　　假设你是李华,今年暑假你和你的父母去了杭州旅行。请给你的外国笔友Mike写一封信分享此次旅行的经历与感受。
[场景演练]
1.我迫不及待与你分享暑假期间我和父母一起去杭州的旅行。(can’t wait to do sth)
2.这是一次令人印象深刻的旅行,充满了美丽的风景和丰富的文化。(impressive)
3.杭州位于浙江省北部,是一个绝佳的度假之地。(located,getaway)
4.它拥有许多标志性的景点,它们都值得一游。(iconic)
5.我们首先参观了著名的西湖,它以其壮丽的景色而闻名。(grand)
6.此外,我们不仅参观了龙井村的茶园,还品尝了东坡肉等当地美食。(not only...but also...)
7.总的来说,这次杭州之旅令人难忘,我很感激有机会和家人一起体验这座美丽的城市。(have the opportunity to do sth)
8.我坚信,一旦你踏上这片神奇的土地,你就会爱上它。(be convinced that...)
[句式升级]
1.将第3句用非谓语动词进行改写升级。
2.将第4句用独立主格结构进行改写升级。
3.将第6句用倒装结构进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
　　当艾玛得知自己输掉艺术比赛后,她陷入绝望的深渊,沉溺于悲伤的海洋中。怀着沉重的心情,艾玛拖着脚步走向空荡的画室。发现被扔进垃圾桶的素描稿时,她感到非常失望与悲伤。她心碎了,然后她放声痛哭,不为失败,而为那些再也鼓不起勇气去创造的美丽。
When Emma heard the news that she lost the art competition,she ①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
③　　　　　　　　　　　　,she dragged her feet to the empty studio.
When she discovered her discarded sketches in the trash,④　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　.
She was heartbroken,and she suddenly ⑤　　　　　　　　　　, not for defeat,but for all the beauty she would never dare to create again.
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　　　n.参与者;参加者 2.　　　　 vt.把……奉献给 3.　　　　 n.优先事项;首要的事;优先 4.　　　　　　　n.熟练;娴熟;精通 5.　　　　 vt.获得;购得
阅 读 词 汇 1.bounce 　　　　　vi.& vt.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 2.aptitude n.　　　　　　　 3.scenario n.　　　　　　　 4.lawyer n.　　　　　　　 5.assemble vt.　　　　　　　 vi.& vt.　　　　　　　 6.drawer n.　　　　　　　 7.a chest of drawers 　　　　　　　 8.breast n.　　　　　　　 9.hydrogen n.　　　　　　　 10.radium n.　　　　　　　 11.wrist n.　　　　　　　 12.bridegroom n.　　　　　　　 13.geometry n.　　　　　　　 14.debt n.　　　　　　　 15.categorise vt.　　　　　　　 16.profile n.　　　　　　　 vt.　　　　　　　 17.code n.　　　　　　　 vt.　　　　　　　 18.orient vt.　　　　　　　 19.detective n.　　　　　　　 20.graphic n.　　　　　　　 adj.　　　　　　　 21.estate n.　　　　　　　 22.(real) estate agent 　　　　　　　 23.spy n.　　　　　　　 vi.　　　　　　　 vt.　　　　　　　 24.justice　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 25.entrepreneur n.　　　　　　　 26.receptionist n.　　　　　　　 27.CV [NAmE résumé] n.　　　　　　　 munist adj.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 29.fox n.　　　　　　　 30.council n.　　　　　　　 31.canal n.　　　　　　　 32.supervise vt.& vi.　　　　　　　 33.handwriting n.　　　　　　　 34.disk [disc] n.　　　　　　　 35.camel n.　　　　　　　 36.fry n.　　　　　　　 vt.& vi.　　　　　　　 37.purse n.　　　　　　　 38.sew vi.& vt.(sewed,sewn/sewed) 　　　　　　　 39.knit vt.& vi.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 40.intermediate adj.　　　　　　　 41.cage n.　　　　　　　 vt.　　　　　　　 42.collar n.　　　　　　　 43.flea collar 　　　　　　　 44.certificate n.　　　　　　　 45.desert n.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 n.会计;会计师→　　　　 n.叙述;描述;账户;账目;解释;理由 v.认为;说明;视为 2.　　　　 vt.控告;控诉;谴责→　　　　 adj.谴责的;指责的→　　　　 n.谴责;控告 3.　　　　 adj.贪婪的;贪心的→　　　　 n.贪婪;贪心 4.　　　　 adj.社会主义的 n.社会主义者→　　　　 n.社会主义→　　　　 n.联谊会;联欢会 adj.社会的;社交的;交际的→　　　　 adv.善于交际地;在社会上→　　　　 n.社会;社团;协会 5.　　　　 n.停车位;停车→　　　　 vt.& vi.停车;泊车 n.公园 6.　　　　 n.毛;毛线;毛料→　　　　 adj.羊毛的;毛绒的 7.　　　　 n.资金;财政;金融 vt.提供资金→　　　　 adj.金融的;财政的→　　　　 adv.财政上;金融上 8.　　　　 n.收据;接收→　　　　 vt.收到;接待;接纳 vi.接收 9.　　　　 n.雇主;老板→　　　　 n.雇员;员工→　　　　 vt.雇用;使用;利用→　　　　 n.雇用;使用;工作;就业
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　　　蹦来蹦去;弹来弹去 2.　　　　　　　 适合于 3.　　　　　　　 起步前的优势 4.　　　　　　　 回忆;回顾;倒退 5.　　　　　　　 分割;分配 6.　　　　　　　 总之;总而言之 7.　　　　　　　　　　对……热情 8.　　　　　　　 得出结论 9.　　　　　　　 位于 10.　　　　　　　 帮助……摆脱困境/克服困难
重 点 句 型 1.作为一名成年人,你结识新朋友时首先被问及的问题之一是:“你是做什么工作的 ”(“when+doing”省略结构) As an adult, one of the first questions you are asked 　　　　　　　　 someone new is, “What do you do ” 2.我真希望当年能再多想想自己真正想要做什么。(虚拟语气) 　　　　　　　　　　　　 more about what I really wanted to do. 3.我想成为一名律师,因为我认为公平和正义对于社会是非常重要的,我希望我能在这方面做出一些贡献。(be of+抽象名词) I want to become a lawyer because I think fairness and justice 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to society, and I hope I can make some contribution in that respect.
常见的其他前缀“re-” 集锦:
①build→rebuild 重建　　　　　　　②write→rewrite 重写　　　　　③play→replay重播
④consider→reconsider 重新考虑 ⑤connect→reconnect重新连接 ⑥arrange→rearrange重新安排
⑦start→restart重新开始 ⑧tell→retell复述 ⑨adjust→readjust重新调整
1.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) Since setting out on the journey, the fitness lover has not only managed to grow an impressive set of muscles—but also a huge following on 　　　　 (socialist) media. 2.(2025· 新课标Ⅱ卷)What does Detrinidad try to explain by mentioning doctors and 　　　　 (law). 3.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)W:What did you do Gee,you broke Mary’s sports watch M:Ah,I wish 　　　　　　　　 (我没有碰过) it. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)For two weeks in March,Greenwich Village’s Blue Hill restaurant was renamed wastED,and served items like 　　　　(fry) skate cartilage,a juice pulp burger,and a dumpster diver’s vegetable salad. 5.(2025·浙江1月卷)He’s a 　　　　 (reception). 6.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)According to this theory,people approach digital texts with a mindset 　　　　　　　　 (适合于……) social media,which are often not so serious,and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print. 7.(2024· 新课标Ⅱ卷)Learn from 　　　　 (priority) experience to slow it down. 8.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)In the wrong hands,such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer 　　　　 (代码) that powers AI but,thankfully,Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. 9.(2023· 新课标Ⅰ卷) No matter where I buy them,though,one steamer basket is rarely enough, yet two seems 　　　　(greed),and so I am always left wanting more next time. 10.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)You’ll want to 　　　　　　　　(回顾) on your journey to see how far you’ve come. 11.(2023· 全国甲卷) It was June 1986 when I came to Moscow to 　　　　 (participant) in Open Tchaikovsky Competition at the age of 10 from Chelyabinsk. 12.(2023· 全国甲卷)I think I’m well qualified for the 　　　　 (account) position here. 13.(2023· 全国甲卷)Different from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an 　　　　(accuse) instead of a moral. 14.(2023·浙江1月卷)Meaning emerges through a process of 　　　　 (socialist) interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. 15.(2023·浙江1月卷)Yes, the 　　　　 (employ) dressed up as movie characters, and every customer received a discount card. 16.(2022·全国甲卷)Though not known to use tools in the wild,the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the 　　　　 (笼子). 17.(2021·新课标Ⅰ卷)Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists,although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (帮助她摆脱困境) on stage. 18.(2021·浙江6月卷)When 　　　　 (listen) to them,pay attention to words that sound strange... 19.(2020·新课标Ⅰ卷)It’s rare to hear someone say,“I wish that speaker 　　　　　　　　 (speak) longer.” 20.(2020·新课标Ⅱ卷)The far side of the moon is of particular 　　　　 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so than the familiar near side. 21.(2020·浙江1月卷)I was running so fast that I 　　　　 (bounce) off the trunk and landed on my backside.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.debt n.债务;欠款
①She is a person who doesn’t like to be in debt 　　　　 anyone.
②The real estate agent was dedicated to working day and night so that he could pay 　　　　 his debt as soon as possible.
③[求助信] 我写信给你是因为我处于困境。由于一些意外开支,我最近负债了,我不知道该如何处理。
I’m writing to you because I’m in a difficult situation.I’ve 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, and I don’t know how to deal with it.
④[感谢信]我非常感谢我的老师,他的悉心指导帮助我选择了合适的专业。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, whose careful guidance helped me choose a suitable major.
2.accountant n.会计;会计师
①[通知]Students are reminded to check their library 　　　　(account) regularly.Overdue fines will be charged if books aren’t returned on time.
②你如何解释他的突然失踪
③[主旨升华]我们决不能忽视他人的善意,因为感恩不仅温暖人心,还能巩固友谊的纽带。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, as gratitude not only warms hearts but also strengthens the bonds of friendship.
④[申请信] 在考虑我申请的交换生项目时,我衷心希望您能考虑我优异的学术表现。
When considering my application for the exchange student program,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
　　表示“决不”的短语还有in no case,at no time,in no sense,in no way,by no means,on no condition,under/in no circumstances,on no consideration,on no occasion等。
3.accuse vt.控告;控诉;谴责
①A heated argument broke out in the office when Lily suddenly made an 　　　　 that Tom had broken her new cup.　　　　 him loudly in front of everyone, she demanded an apology.Tom, shocked and upset at being 　　　　 of such a thing, firmly denied it.(accuse)
②汤姆被指责在面试前没有做好充分的准备,所以他情绪低落。
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(并列句)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(过去分词作状语)
4.greedy adj.贪婪的;贪心的
①[申请信]我渴望参加这次夏令营,在那里我能学到更多中医知识。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　where I can learn more knowledge about Chinese medicine.
②这位艺术家渴望新的灵感,不断探索不同的文化和风格。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,constantly exploring different cultures and styles.
③他出于对知识的渴望而努力学习,立志为科研事业做出更大贡献。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, aiming to make greater contributions to scientific research.
5.dedicate vt.把……奉献给
①[推荐信] I wholeheartedly recommend Lucy for the student council position.She is a 　　　　 (dedicate) leader who spends countless hours organizing volunteer events for our school community.
② [感谢信] Dear Ms.Johnson, please accept our heartfelt gratitude for your 　　　　 (dedicate) to the school drama club.
③ [人物介绍]林巧稚投身于医疗事业,激励了无数心怀医学梦想的年轻人。
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,Lin Qiaozhi inspired countless young people with medical dreams.(现在分词作状语)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,Lin Qiaozhi inspired countless young people with medical dreams.(过去分词作状语)
6.priority n.优先事项;首要的事;优先
①Before submitting the final project, it’s 　　　　 to double-check all data for accuracy.As team leader, I’ll 　　　　 tasks based on their urgency, ensuring that high-impact components are completed first.This approach not only maintains quality but also respects the 　　　　 of meeting our deadline.(priority)
②[建议信] 我强烈建议学校优先改善校园安全设施。
I strongly suggest that the school 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 improving campus safety facilities.
③在我的未来职业生涯中,我认为实现个人价值比赚钱更重要。
7.wish+宾语从句
[教材原句] You don’t want to look back in years to come and say,“I wish I had thought more about what I really wanted to do.”
你也不希望多年之后回顾过去时才说:“我真希望当年能再多想想自己真正想要做什么。”
①[心理描写] 当她看到队友脸上失望的神情时,喉咙像被哽住了。她希望自己能立刻让队友感到骄傲。
When she saw the disappointed look on her teammate’s face, she felt a lump in her throat.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
②[申请书] 我希望能有更多机会在这个领域展示我的能力。
③[心理描写]我站在那里,默默地流着悔恨的泪水,我希望我没对我最好的朋友说如此刻薄
的话。
I stood there, shedding tears of regret in silence and I wished that 　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
wish 还可用于以下结构:
①wish to do sth希望做某事;
②wish sb to do sth希望某人做某事;
③wish for... 希望得到……。
8.be of+抽象名词
[教材原句] I want to become a lawyer because I think fairness and justice is of great importance to society, and I hope I can make some contribution in that respect.
我想成为一名律师,因为我认为公平和正义对于社会是非常重要的,我希望我能在这方面做出一些贡献。
① [申请信] My experience as a volunteer at the local library is　　　　 great value, as it has enhanced my communication and organizational skills.
②[通知] 即将举行的安全培训会对保障每位学生在校安全至关重要,所有人员必须参加。
The upcoming safety training session　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to ensure every student’s well-being on campus.All participants must attend.
③ [主旨升华] 他们的善举不仅是一个举动,更具有深远意义,提醒我们哪怕微小的行动也能产生很大的影响。
　　介词of后面还可接一些表示人或事物的属性的名词,如size、colour、height、length、age、shape、quality等,用来描述人或事物的属性,在句中作表语或后置定语。这些名词没有相应的形容词形式,因此不能用“be+形容词”来代替“be+of+n.”。用在这些名词前的限定词常是a/an、the、the same、my、your等,of表示“具有”,有时可省去。
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] The best time ①to start thinking about possible careers is ②while you are still at school,③before you make any choices about your further education.
尝试分析:本句的句子主干是一个“主系表”结构。句中①是　　　　　　　　作名词time的　　　　,②是while引导的　　　　从句,③是before引导的　　　　从句。
自主翻译:
情景仿写:开始找工作的最佳时间是你在大学期间,在你掌握了大量的专业知识之后。
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.写出下列句中黑体词的含义。
① (2023·全国甲卷) I graduated from university two years ago, and have since been working in an accounting company.　　　
②(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) 7/10 — Wildflowers & White Balance:meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.　　　
③ (2023·全国甲卷)Carson proves that a literary lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still be employed today to draw attention to important truths.　　　
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
The desert① stretched out endlessly.Tom’s companions deserted② him at the first sign of trouble, leaving him alone in this vast wasteland.Every gust of wind only deepened his sense of disappointment.As time dragged on, hope deserted③ him.This place, once a dream of adventure, now embodied betrayal and despair.
①　　　　一望无际地延伸着。汤姆的同伴们在一遇到麻烦时就②　　　　了他,把他独自留在这片辽阔的荒原上。每一阵狂风都只是加深了他的失望之感。随着时间缓缓流逝,他觉得希望③　　　　了他。这个曾经是冒险梦想之地的地方,如今却象征着背叛与绝望。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) Still, in room 386, academics don’t come first.Physical health and mental health are the 　　　　(prior).
2.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) Where will the 　　　　 (participant) meet for the July 10 photography workshop
3.(2023·全国乙卷) When we consider contact (联系) between literate and non-literate societies such as these, all our first-hand 　　　　 (account) are necessarily twisted, only one half of a dialogue.
4.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) When I was in middle school, my 　　　　 (socialist) studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest.
5.　　　　 (greed) for the chance to improve my English through the activity,I am writing to you eagerly.
6.By day, Robert Titterman is a 　　　　 (law).
7.Is learning a foreign language a question of learning new skills or a question of　　　　(acquire) new knowledge
8.The boss thought it necessary to improve the quality of the 　　　　(wool) sweaters in his company.
9.With several ideas 　　　　(bounce) around in his head,the chemist couldn’t decide to choose which one.
10.After he resigned from the post,he was dedicated to 　　　　 (help) the disabled.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 申请信—工作与职业—申请工作
假设你是李华,会计专业毕业的你正在找工作,碰巧你在报纸上看到了一家跨国公司在招聘会计师的广告。请你给招聘主管怀特先生写一封申请信。
[场景演练]
1.我在报纸上偶然看到您招聘会计师的广告,想申请这份工作。(accountant)
2.我的简历请见附件。(CV)
3.作为一个大学毕业生,我已经学习会计多年。对于这个专业我很有天赋。(aptitude)
4.我的熟练程度得到了学校委员会的认可,我顺利获得了会计学士学位,并且被授予优秀毕业生的称号。(proficiency,acquire)
5.此外,我大学期间曾在一家跨国公司实习。这对我来说是个优势。(head start)
6.如果我被聘用,我将全心全意地为贵公司奉献。(dedicate)
7.如果您能考虑我的申请,我将不胜感激。期待您早日答复。(account)
[句式升级]
1.将第3句用现在分词的完成式作状语进行改写升级。
2.将第4句用with复合结构进行改写升级。
3.将第5句用定语从句进行改写升级。
4.将第6句用省略句进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
a heart of gold 热心肠;善良 as cold as ice 像冰一样冰冷;冷若冰霜 feel a lump in one’s throat 如鲠在喉 work like a horse 辛勤地干活 darkness envelops the city 黑暗笼罩整座城市 breeze kisses one’s cheeks 微风亲吻着某人的脸颊 the icy wind starts howling 寒风开始咆哮 修辞 (比喻、 拟人、 夸张) fear seizes/swallows sb 恐惧吞噬了某人 anger chokes one’s words 气得说不出话 be rooted to the spot 呆在原地;呆若木鸡 on top of the world 心满意足 a river of tears pours out 泪流成河 heart melts with tenderness 心被温柔融化 bring one’s heart into the mouth 心提到了嗓子眼儿 bring the house down 博得满堂喝彩
夜幕笼罩着城市,暴风雨在外肆虐,而在小小的动物收容所里,一只叫Max的小狗正焦急地等待着他永远的家。当一个害羞的女孩Lily走进来时,她的目光与它相遇,喉咙顿时哽住了——她知道就是它了。就在她伸手抚摸它的一刻,后方突然传来一声巨响,一个架子倒塌了,东西飞落。看到工作人员漫不经心地耸耸肩,Lily气得说不出话来,但Max冲向声响处,狂吠着警示其他人。工作人员赶忙过来帮忙,围观的人群爆发出一阵掌声,Max的勇敢博得满堂喝彩。Lily愣在原地,无比自豪。
①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 as the storm raged outside, but inside the tiny animal shelter, a small dog named Max waited anxiously for his forever home.
When a shy girl named Lily walked in, her eyes met his, and she immediately ②　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　—she knew he was the one.Just as she reached out to pet him, a loud crash echoed from the back; a shelf had collapsed, and sent things flying.
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 as she saw a worker carelessly shrug it off, but Max dashed toward the noise, barking fiercely to alert the others.
The staff rushed to help, and the crowd that had gathered burst into applause.Max’s bravery ④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
Lily ⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, and she was overwhelmed with pride.
要求:请根据线训练,再结合括号中的提示完成句式升级,并续写后续内容,使故事情节更加
完整。
Streetlights flickered weakly in the storm’s fury. The darkness enveloped the city as the storm raged outside, but inside the tiny animal shelter, a small dog ①　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　(定语从句) waited anxiously for his forever home.When a shy girl named Lily walked in, her eyes met his, and she immediately felt a lump in her throat—she knew he was the one.Just as she reached out to pet him, a loud crash echoed from the back; a shelf had collapsed, ②　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　(现在分词作状语).
Anger choked her words, as she saw a worker carelessly shrug it off, but Max dashed toward the noise, barking fiercely to alert the others.The staff rushed to help, and the crowd that had gathered burst into applause, ③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(独立主格结构).Lily stood rooted to the spot, ④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(过去分词作状语).⑤　
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　　　vi.& vt.(　　　　,　　　　)(使)撤回;撤离 2.　　　　　　n.纽带;关系 vt.& vi.增强信任关系;使牢固结合
阅 读 词 汇 1.tale 　　　　　　n.　　　　　　　 2.merchant n.　　　　　　　 adj.　　　　　　　 3.fleet n.　　　　　　　 4.behold vt.(beheld,beheld) 　　　　　　　 5.league n.　　　　　　　 6.spice n.　　　　　　　 7.channel n.　　　　　　　 8.maritime adj.　　　　　　　 9.politics n.　　　　　　　 10.tournament n.　　　　　　　 11.laptop n.　　　　　　　 12.press conference 　　　　　　　 13.tax vt.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 14.manned　　　adj.　　　　　　　 15.submersible n.　　　　　　　 16.underwater adv.　　　　　　　 adj.　　　　　　　 17.capsule n.　　　　　　　 18.coral n.　　　　　　　 19.directory n.　　　　　　　 20.meanwhile adv.　　　　　　　 21.gallon n.　　　　　　　 22.opponent n.　　　　　　　 23.log vt.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 24.marine adj.　　　　　　　 25.arrest n.　　　　　　　 vt.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 adj.皇家的;王室的;高贵的→　　　　 n.王室成员;版税→　　　　 adv.非常好地 2.　　　　 n.职业;行业→　　　　 adj.专业的;职业的→　　　　 adv.专业地,内行地→　　　　 n.教授;讲师;教员 3.　　　　 n.混合;结合体;混合物→　　　　 vt.& vi.混合;(使)结合→　　　　 adj.混杂的;混合的 4.　　　　 n.新闻报道;覆盖范围→　　　　 vt.报道;覆盖;盖;包括;涉及 5.　　　　 n.迁移;迁徙;移居→　　　　 vi.迁移;迁徙;移居 vt.使移居;使移植 6.　　　　 vt.开发;利用;剥削→　　　　 n.开发;利用;剥削;压榨 7.　　　　 vt.谋杀;凶杀;毁坏 n.谋杀;凶杀→　　　　 n.谋杀犯;杀人犯;杀人凶手 8.　　　　 vt.扩展;使伸长;延长;提升→　　　　 n.扩大;延伸→　　　　 adj.广阔的;广泛的;大规模的→　　　　 adv.广阔地;广泛地;巨大地
拓 展 词 汇 9.　　　　 vt.商定;达成(协议) vi.谈判;磋商;协商→　　　　 n.谈判;磋商;协商→　　　　 adj.可谈判的;可协商的 10.　　　　 n.仁慈;宽恕;恩惠→　　　　 adj.仁慈的;慈悲的→　　　　 adj.残忍的;无情的 11.　　　　 n.[usually pl.] 个人财产;拥有;控制→　　　　 vt.拥有;控制;支配 12.　　　　 vt.& vi.鼓掌vt.称赞;赞赏→　　　　 n.鼓掌;掌声
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　 　　起航;开航 2.　　　　　　　 独领风骚 3.　　　　　　　 由……指挥 4.　　　　　　　 作为……的回报 5.　　　　　　　 退出;撤回 6.　　　　　　　 为了……的利益 7.　　　　　　　　　　在手头;可供使用 8.　　　　　　　 首先;第一 9.　　　　　　　 残忍地;毫不留情地 10.　　　　　　　 大量的 11.　　　　　　　 突然地;出乎意料地
重 点 句 型 1.在古代,中国丝绸经由一条陆路运到印度、中东和罗马,这条路就是有名的“丝绸之路”。(what引导名词性从句) In ancient times, silk from China found its way overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome,along 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 2.随着作为“一带一路”倡议组成部分的“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的提出,郑和航行过的古代航道而今再度受到关注。(现在进行时的被动语态;which引导非限制性定语从句) The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He 　　　　　　　　　　　　 with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road,　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 3.数百年过去了,手握最新技术,在贸易的必要性和增进关系的愿望的驱动下,中国将跨海越洋,迈向未来。(with复合结构;动词不定式作宾语) Hundreds of years on,and 　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　,the need 　　　　　　　　 and the desire 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future. 4.我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么,这样我们才能采取行动。(so that引导目的状语从句) We need to understand what is happening to our planet 　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
表示否定/相反意义的前缀“ir-” 集锦:
①regular→irregular不规则的　　　　　　　　②responsible→irresponsible不负责任的
③relevant→irrelevant不相关的 ④replaceable→irreplaceable不可代替的
⑤resistible→irresistible不可抗拒的 ⑥rational→irrational 不合情理的
⑦recoverable→irrecoverable 不能挽回的 ⑧reparable→irreparable 无法修复的
⑨refutable→irrefutable 无可辩驳的
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)When the final bell rang in June,I walked away 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (带着满是信息的年鉴) about writing’s most powerful significance—the ability to connect people,to put us in another’s skin,to teach us what it means to be human.(with 的复合结构) 2.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)It’s about problem-solving around 　　　　 it means to have a full life. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Most of Ho’s students will recover,　　　　 means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)The awkward moment ended with the class 　　　　 (erupt) into laughter. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues,　　　　 ultimately led her to getting surgery. 6.(2025·浙江1月卷)In a matrix garden,plants with similar cultural needs are grouped 　　　　 (以便,为了) they will grow together above and below ground,forming a cooperative ecosystem that conserves water and discourages weeds. 7.(2025·浙江1月卷)And then 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (突然地) it clicks. 8.(2025·浙江1月卷)Allowing kids to eat 　　　　 they want also exposes them to the natural consequences of their decisions. 9.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global 　　　　(cover). 10.(2024·全国甲卷)But cats are special creatures who 　　　　 (possession) amazing vocalisation skills. 11.(2023·全国甲卷)What helped Robert become a writer Reading 　　　　 (extend). 12.(2023·全国甲卷)They cause 　　　　(mix) feelings in people. 13.(2023·全国乙卷) Barry retired in 1859,having practiced her entire medical 　　　　(professional) living and working as a man. 14.(2022·新课标Ⅱ卷)　　　　　　　　 (首先),learn the technique of nonstop writing. 15.(2022·浙江1月卷)Some participants 　　　　　　(withdraw) from it. 16.(2021·新课标Ⅰ卷)Jeff broke two eggs into a plate and added in some milk.Jenna found the bread and put two slices into the egg 　　　　 (mix). 17.(2021·天津3月卷)Henry David Thoreau was happy to 　　　　　　　　 (退出) social life,seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life. 18.(2020·浙江7月卷)As soon as we finished the song,all the audience gave us warm 　　　　(applaud). 19.(2020·天津5月卷)My dad came to our New Year party,dressed up as Donald Duck,guitar 　　　　　　　　 (在手头),singing silly songs.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.extend vt.扩展;使伸长;延长
①Our teacher decided 　　　　　　　　 the deadline for the research project by one week,giving us an 　　　　 to gather more data.Thanks to this extra time,I was able to conduct an 　　　　 survey among classmates,which greatly enriched my final report.(extend)
②[祝贺信]我想对你在演讲比赛中获得一等奖表示衷心的祝贺。
2.negotiate vt.商定;达成(协议) vi.谈判;磋商;协商
①The union is negotiating 　　　　 better benefits and job security for its members.
②[投诉信]I have tried to negotiate 　　　　 the customer service department 　　　　 the poor quality of the product,but got no satisfactory response.
③We started 　　　　　　　　 the terms of the cooperation agreement last week.The 　　　　 process was challenging as both sides had different interests,but we remained patient and open-minded.After several rounds of discussion,we found that many points were 　　　　,and finally reached a mutually beneficial agreement.(negotiate)
④我们公司目前正在与一家潜在的海外合作伙伴进行谈判,合作协议的细节仍在商讨之中。(in negotiation with;under negotiation)
3.withdraw vi.& vt.(withdrew,withdrawn)(使)撤回;撤离;提(款);取(钱)
①[申请信] I am writing to apply for permission to withdraw 　　　　 the upcoming debate competition.Due to a sudden family emergency,I am unable to participate as scheduled.
②They 　　　　 (withdraw) 100 dollars from a bank account after checking out of their hotel.
③When feeling overwhelmed,she would withdraw 　　　　 her room for some alone time.
④The 　　　　 (withdraw) of funding for the project led to its cancellation.
　　当withdraw 意为“撤退”时,通常用在自己一方的军队,而用于表示敌方军队撤退时,应用 retreat。
4.mercy n.仁慈;宽恕;恩惠
①He is such a 　　　　 man and always thinks of others but sometimes he can be 　　　　 to bad persons.(mercy)
②[主旨升华]就在那一刻,一股怜悯之情涌上村民心头,他们决定原谅这个年轻人的过错。
At that moment,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,and they decided to forgive the young man for his mistakes.
③我们不应该对那些利用他人的善良和慷慨的人仁慈。
We shouldn’t 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 those who take advantage of others’ kindness and generosity.
5.possession n.[usually pl.] 个人财产;拥有;控制
①她拥有非常文静的性情。
She 　　　　　　　　 a wonderfully calm temperament.
②这位老人拥有许多珍贵的艺术品。
→The old man 　　　　　　　　　　 many valuable artworks.(take/have possession of)
→The old man 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 many valuable artworks.(be in possession of)
　　in possession of表示主动,其主语通常是人,意为“占有……”;in the possession of表示被动,其主语通常是物,意为“被……占有”。类似短语还有①in charge of “负责”;in the charge of “由……负责”。②in control of “控制……”;in the control of “被……控制”。
6.applaud vt.& vi.鼓掌 vt.称赞;赞赏
①[邀请信] We sincerely hope you can attend the ceremony and join us in 　　　　(applaud)these outstanding students for their remarkable achievements.
②The team received thunderous 　　　　(applaud) for their outstanding performance in the competition.
③[倡议信] 让我们为积极参与环保的人点赞,并呼吁更多人加入这项有意义的事业。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and call on more people to join this meaningful cause.
④让我们为她精彩的歌唱表演热烈鼓掌。
Let’s give her 　　　　　　　　　　　　 for her wonderful singing performance.
7.in hand 在手头;可供使用
①The musical instrument is made 　　　　　　　　,so it will take him about three months to complete it.
②It took me great efforts to get these books 　　　　　　　　.
③The librarian reminded some people to 　　　　　　　　 their overdue books as soon as possible.
④In case of an emergency,the fire extinguisher is 　　　　　　　　,just behind the door.
⑤[邀请信] 这些代代相传的传统手工艺品,承载着我们祖先的智慧和精神。
These traditional handicrafts,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,carry the wisdom and spirit of our ancestors.
⑥[倡议书] 我们衷心希望在救灾工作中,每个人都能向有需要的人伸出援手。
8.what引导名词性从句
[教材原句] In ancient times,silk from China found its way overland to India,the Middle East,and Rome,along what became known as the Silk Road.
在古代,中国丝绸经由一条陆路运到印度、中东和罗马,这条路就是有名的“丝绸之路”。
①I believe 　　　　 he said because he is an honest man.
②[求助信] 最困扰我的是我很难理解听力材料。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 is that I have great difficulty in understanding English listening materials.
③[建议信] 为了提高你的阅读理解能力,你应该多关注作者通过写作想要传达的内容,而不仅仅是关注单个词。
To improve your reading comprehension,you should focus more on 　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,not just on individual words.
　　what在引导名词性从句时具有三大特点:不可省略、作成分、有词义;that在引导名词性从句时具有三大特点:不可省略(宾语从句除外)、不作成分、没有词义;which引导名词性从句时意为“哪一个/哪一些”,通常有一个选择的范围。
9.so that引导目的状语从句
[教材原句] We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action.
我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么,这样我们才能采取行动。
①[建议信] 建议在班级中多组织集体活动,这样我们就能提升团队协作技能,增强班级凝
聚力。
It is advisable to organize more group activities in the class 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　and strengthen the class cohesion.
②[申请信] 我希望加入志愿者社团,以便能为帮助社区贡献力量,并培养社会责任感。
I hope to join the volunteer club 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and develop a sense of social responsibility.
③[通知] 图书馆将在考试周延长开放时间,以便学生有更多时间复习备考。
The library will extend its opening hours during the exam week 　　　　 　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
　　so that引导的目的状语从句不能放于句首,而in order that引导的目的状语从句既能放在句首,也能放在主句之后。
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] The ancient sea routes ①travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road,②which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative.
尝试分析:本句是一个主从复合句。句中①为过去分词短语作　　　　,修饰名词短语　　　　　　　　　　　　;②为which引导的　　　　　　　　从句,修饰先行词 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,which在从句中作　　　　。
自主翻译:
情景仿写:
①我们昨天参加了李教授主题为海洋资源保护的讲座,这提升了我们的环境保护意识。
②上个星期,我们参加了我们学校组织的越野跑比赛,这考验了我们的体力。
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.bond
A.n.纽带;关系　　　　B.vt.使牢固结合
C.vt.建立信任关系
①This new kind of glue bonds various surfaces in a short time.　　　
②It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books.　　　
③The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register.　　　
2.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2023·全国乙卷)From Buddhist temples to museums,narrow hutong to royal palaces,it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout.　　　
②(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)In every issue,you will find an interesting mix of interviews and essays on the good life,history,philosophy,arts and fashion photography.　　　
③(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill,the Skinny Bridge,the Rijksmuseum,Heineken Brewery and much more.　　　
④(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)If you want to be published,it’s vital to submit a perfect,professionally presented manuscript (原稿).　　　　　　　
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)The column will serve as a catalyst for closer 　　　　 (bond) between students.
2.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)For example,the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young 　　　　 (profession) on a weekend hike in the park.
3.(2023·浙江1月卷)Last week,in a public debate in San Francisco,a software program called Project Debater beat its human 　　　　 (opponent)...
4.Jenna found the bread and put two slices into the egg 　　　　 (mix).
5.The Greens lost all their 　　　　 (possess) as a result of the fire.Luckily,their neighbors gave them much help.
6.The instant they appeared,they were greeted with a burst of 　　　　(applaud).
7.Do keep in mind that my assistance will be 　　　　 hand whenever you need it.
8.They set up a charity foundation so 　　　　they could help more people in need.
9.Modern technology is good enough 　　　　 (exploit) all the sea resources.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 发言稿—历史人物—郑和
假设你是李华,星期六晚上学校放映了《郑和下西洋》(A Treasure Ship Captain)这部电影。你校国际班的外国朋友对其很感兴趣。请你写一篇英文发言稿,介绍郑和。
[场景演练]
1.在15世纪早期,郑和,一位卓越非凡的中国航海者,率领着一支规模庞大的船队,这支船队着实是独树一帜。(fleet,in a league of its own)
2.他手持精准的指南针,备好详细的航海日志,准备记录每一段航程,随后便开启了他具有历史意义的海上远航之旅。(compass,set sail,maritime)
3.他掌握着先进的航海技术,拥有装备精良的船只,这让他能够充满自信地征服波涛汹涌的大海。(possession)
4.当船队看到遥远的土地和陌生的海岸线时,这支船队承载着明朝的文明,开展贸易活动并进行文化交流。(behold)
5.即便面临重重挑战,郑和从未想过退缩。(withdraw)
6.他的航海之旅不仅扩大了中国的影响力,还在世界航海史上留下了不可磨灭的印记,彰显了中国在那个时代于航海探索领域的主导地位。(expand)
[句式升级]
1.将第3句用强调句进行改写升级。
2.将第4句用现在分词作状语进行改写升级。
3.将第5句用省略句进行改写升级。
4.将第6句用倒装句进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
要求:请根据P350的线训练,再结合括号中的提示完成句式升级,并续写后续内容,使故事情节更加完整。
Seven days ago,Emma participated in an art competition.①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　(现在分词作状语),she abandoned herself to despair,floating in an ocean of sadness.With a sinking heart,she dragged her feet to the empty studio.②　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(无灵主语) when she discovered her discarded sketches in the trash.③　　　　(形容词作状语),she suddenly wept wildly not for defeat,but for all the beauty she would never dare to create again.④　
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.withdraw 　　vi.& vt.(withdrew,withdrawn)(使)撤回;撤离 2.bond　　n.纽带;关系 vt.& vi.增强信任关系;使牢固结合
阅 读 词 汇 1.tale 　　　　　　n.故事;叙述 2.merchant n.商人;批发商 adj.海上货运的 3.fleet n.舰队;机群;车队 4.behold vt.(beheld,beheld)看;看见 5.league n.等级;水平;联合会;联赛 6.spice n.(调味)香料 7.channel n.航道;海峡;频道 8.maritime adj.海的;海运的;海事的 9.politics n.政治;政治观点 10.tournament n.锦标赛;联赛 11.laptop n.笔记本电脑;便携式电脑 12.press conference 记者招待会;新闻发布会 13.tax vt.对……征税;使纳税 n.税;税款 14.manned adj.有人控制的;需人操纵的 15.submersible n.潜水器;可潜船 16.underwater　adv.在水下 adj.水下的 17.capsule n.胶囊;太空舱 18.coral n.珊瑚 19.directory n.名录;电话号码簿;(计算机文件或程序的)目录 20.meanwhile adv.与此同时;(比较两方面)对比之下 21.gallon n.加仑(容积单位,1英制加仑约等于4.5升) 22.opponent n.反对者;对手;竞争者 23.log vt.把……载入正式记录;记录 n.正式记录;日志;原木 24.marine adj.海的;海产的;海生的 25.arrest n.逮捕;拘留;中止 vt.逮捕;拘留;阻止
拓 展 词 汇 1.royal adj.皇家的;王室的;高贵的→royalty n.王室成员;版税→royally adv.非常好地 2.profession n.职业;行业→professional adj.专业的;职业的→professionally adv.专业地,内行地→professor n.教授;讲师;教员 3.mixture n.混合;结合体;混合物→mix vt.& vi.混合;(使)结合→mixed adj.混杂的;混合的 4.coverage n.新闻报道;覆盖范围→cover vt.报道;覆盖;盖;包括;涉及 5.migration n.迁移;迁徙;移居→migrate vi.迁移;迁徙;移居 vt.使移居;使移植 6.exploit vt.开发;利用;剥削→exploitation n.开发;利用;剥削;压榨 7.murder vt.谋杀;凶杀;毁坏 n.谋杀;凶杀→murderer n.谋杀犯;杀人犯;杀人凶手 8.extend vt.扩展;使伸长;延长;提升→extension n.扩大;延伸→extensive adj.广阔的;广泛的;大规模的→extensively adv.广阔地;广泛地;巨大地 9.negotiate vt.商定;达成(协议) vi.谈判;磋商;协商→negotiation n.谈判;磋商;协商→negotiable adj.可谈判的;可协商的 10.mercy n.仁慈;宽恕;恩惠→merciful adj.仁慈的;慈悲的→merciless adj.残忍的;无情的 11.possession n.[usually pl.] 个人财产;拥有;控制→possess vt.拥有;控制;支配 12.applaud vt.& vi.鼓掌vt.称赞;赞赏→applause n.鼓掌;掌声
重 点 词 块 1.set sail 　　　　　　　　　起航;开航 2.in a league of one’s own 独领风骚 3.under the command of... 由……指挥 4.in return for... 作为……的回报 5.withdraw from 退出;撤回 6.for the benefit of... 为了……的利益 7.in hand　　　　　　在手头;可供使用 8.first of all 首先;第一 9.without mercy 残忍地;毫不留情地 10.vast amounts of 大量的 11.all of a sudden 突然地;出乎意料地
重 点 句 型 1.在古代,中国丝绸经由一条陆路运到印度、中东和罗马,这条路就是有名的“丝绸之路”。(what引导名词性从句) In ancient times, silk from China found its way overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome,along what became known as the Silk Road. 2.随着作为“一带一路”倡议组成部分的“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的提出,郑和航行过的古代航道而今再度受到关注。(现在进行时的被动语态;which引导非限制性定语从句) The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road,which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative. 3.数百年过去了,手握最新技术,在贸易的必要性和增进关系的愿望的驱动下,中国将跨海越洋,迈向未来。(with复合结构;动词不定式作宾语) Hundreds of years on,and with the latest technology in hand,the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future. 4.我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么,这样我们才能采取行动。(so that引导目的状语从句) We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action.
表示否定/相反意义的前缀“ir-” 集锦:
①regular→irregular不规则的　　　　　　　　②responsible→irresponsible不负责任的
③relevant→irrelevant不相关的 ④replaceable→irreplaceable不可代替的
⑤resistible→irresistible不可抗拒的 ⑥rational→irrational 不合情理的
⑦recoverable→irrecoverable 不能挽回的 ⑧reparable→irreparable 无法修复的
⑨refutable→irrefutable 无可辩驳的
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)When the final bell rang in June,I walked away with a yearbook full of messages (带着满是信息的年鉴) about writing’s most powerful significance—the ability to connect people,to put us in another’s skin,to teach us what it means to be human.(with 的复合结构) 2.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)It’s about problem-solving around what it means to have a full life. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Most of Ho’s students will recover,which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)The awkward moment ended with the class erupting (erupt) into laughter. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues,which ultimately led her to getting surgery. 6.(2025·浙江1月卷)In a matrix garden,plants with similar cultural needs are grouped so that (以便,为了) they will grow together above and below ground,forming a cooperative ecosystem that conserves water and discourages weeds. 7.(2025·浙江1月卷)And then all of a sudden (突然地) it clicks. 8.(2025·浙江1月卷)Allowing kids to eat what they want also exposes them to the natural consequences of their decisions. 9.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage (cover).
10.(2024·全国甲卷)But cats are special creatures who possess (possession) amazing vocalisation skills. 11.(2023·全国甲卷)What helped Robert become a writer Reading extensively (extend). 12.(2023·全国甲卷)They cause mixed(mix) feelings in people. 13.(2023·全国乙卷) Barry retired in 1859,having practiced her entire medical profession(professional) living and working as a man. 14.(2022·新课标Ⅱ卷)First of all (首先),learn the technique of nonstop writing. 15.(2022·浙江1月卷)Some participants withdrew (withdraw) from it. 16.(2021·新课标Ⅰ卷)Jeff broke two eggs into a plate and added in some milk.Jenna found the bread and put two slices into the egg mixture (mix). 17.(2021·天津3月卷)Henry David Thoreau was happy to withdraw from (退出) social life,seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life. 18.(2020·浙江7月卷)As soon as we finished the song,all the audience gave us warm applause(applaud). 19.(2020·天津5月卷)My dad came to our New Year party,dressed up as Donald Duck,guitar in hand (在手头),singing silly songs.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.extend vt.扩展;使伸长;延长
①Our teacher decided to extend the deadline for the research project by one week,giving us an extension to gather more data.Thanks to this extra time,I was able to conduct an extensive survey among classmates,which greatly enriched my final report.(extend)
②[祝贺信]我想对你在演讲比赛中获得一等奖表示衷心的祝贺。
I want to extend my heartfelt congratulations to you on your winning first prize in the speech contest.
2.negotiate vt.商定;达成(协议) vi.谈判;磋商;协商
①The union is negotiating about/for better benefits and job security for its members.
②[投诉信]I have tried to negotiate with the customer service department about/for the poor quality of the product,but got no satisfactory response.
③We started to negotiate the terms of the cooperation agreement last week.The negotiation process was challenging as both sides had different interests,but we remained patient and open-minded.After several rounds of discussion,we found that many points were negotiable,and finally reached a mutually beneficial agreement.(negotiate)
④我们公司目前正在与一家潜在的海外合作伙伴进行谈判,合作协议的细节仍在商讨之中。(in negotiation with;under negotiation)
Our company is currently in negotiation with a potential overseas partner,and the details of the cooperation agreement are still under negotiation.
3.withdraw vi.& vt.(withdrew,withdrawn)(使)撤回;撤离;提(款);取(钱)
①[申请信] I am writing to apply for permission to withdraw from the upcoming debate competition.Due to a sudden family emergency,I am unable to participate as scheduled.
②They withdrew (withdraw) 100 dollars from a bank account after checking out of their hotel.
③When feeling overwhelmed,she would withdraw to her room for some alone time.
④The withdrawal (withdraw) of funding for the project led to its cancellation.
当withdraw 意为“撤退”时,通常用在自己一方的军队,而用于表示敌方军队撤退时,应用 retreat。
4.mercy n.仁慈;宽恕;恩惠
①He is such a merciful man and always thinks of others but sometimes he can be merciless to bad persons.(mercy)
②[主旨升华]就在那一刻,一股怜悯之情涌上村民心头,他们决定原谅这个年轻人的过错。
At that moment,a surge of mercy swept over the villagers,and they decided to forgive the young man for his mistakes.
③我们不应该对那些利用他人的善良和慷慨的人仁慈。
We shouldn’t have mercy on/show mercy to/be merciful to/have sympathy for those who take advantage of others’ kindness and generosity.
5.possession n.[usually pl.] 个人财产;拥有;控制
①她拥有非常文静的性情。
She is possessed of a wonderfully calm temperament.
②这位老人拥有许多珍贵的艺术品。
→The old man takes/has possession of many valuable artworks.(take/have possession of)
→The old man is in possession of many valuable artworks.(be in possession of)
in possession of表示主动,其主语通常是人,意为“占有……”;in the possession of表示被动,其主语通常是物,意为“被……占有”。类似短语还有①in charge of “负责”;in the charge of “由……负责”。②in control of “控制……”;in the control of “被……控制”。
6.applaud vt.& vi.鼓掌 vt.称赞;赞赏
①[邀请信] We sincerely hope you can attend the ceremony and join us in applauding(applaud)these outstanding students for their remarkable achievements.
②The team received thunderous applause(applaud)for their outstanding performance in the competition.
③[倡议信] 让我们为积极参与环保的人点赞,并呼吁更多人加入这项有意义的事业。
Let’s applaud those who actively participate in environmental protection and call on more people to join this meaningful cause.
④让我们为她精彩的歌唱表演热烈鼓掌。
Let’s give her a round of applause for her wonderful singing performance.
7.in hand 在手头;可供使用
①The musical instrument is made by hand,so it will take him about three months to complete it.
②It took me great efforts to get these books in hand.
③The librarian reminded some people to hand back their overdue books as soon as possible.
④In case of an emergency,the fire extinguisher is at hand,just behind the door.
⑤[邀请信] 这些代代相传的传统手工艺品,承载着我们祖先的智慧和精神。
These traditional handicrafts,handed down from generation to generation,carry the wisdom and spirit of our ancestors.
⑥[倡议书] 我们衷心希望在救灾工作中,每个人都能向有需要的人伸出援手。
We sincerely hope that everyone can give a hand to those in need during the disaster relief work.
8.what引导名词性从句
[教材原句] In ancient times,silk from China found its way overland to India,the Middle East,and Rome,along what became known as the Silk Road.
在古代,中国丝绸经由一条陆路运到印度、中东和罗马,这条路就是有名的“丝绸之路”。
①I believe what he said because he is an honest man.
②[求助信] 最困扰我的是我很难理解听力材料。
What troubles me most is that I have great difficulty in understanding English listening materials.
③[建议信] 为了提高你的阅读理解能力,你应该多关注作者通过写作想要传达的内容,而不仅仅是关注单个词。
To improve your reading comprehension,you should focus more on what the author is trying to convey through the writing,not just on individual words.
what在引导名词性从句时具有三大特点:不可省略、作成分、有词义;that在引导名词性从句时具有三大特点:不可省略(宾语从句除外)、不作成分、没有词义;which引导名词性从句时意为“哪一个/哪一些”,通常有一个选择的范围。
9.so that引导目的状语从句
[教材原句] We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action.
我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么,这样我们才能采取行动。
①[建议信] 建议在班级中多组织集体活动,这样我们就能提升团队协作技能,增强班级凝聚力。
It is advisable to organize more group activities in the class so that we can improve teamwork skills and strengthen the class cohesion.
②[申请信] 我希望加入志愿者社团,以便能为帮助社区贡献力量,并培养社会责任感。
I hope to join the volunteer club so that I can contribute to helping the community and develop a sense of social responsibility.
③[通知] 图书馆将在考试周延长开放时间,以便学生有更多时间复习备考。
The library will extend its opening hours during the exam week so that students have more time to review and prepare for the tests.
so that引导的目的状语从句不能放于句首,而in order that引导的目的状语从句既能放在句首,也能放在主句之后。
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] The ancient sea routes ①travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road,②which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative.
尝试分析:本句是一个主从复合句。句中①为过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰名词短语The ancient sea routes;②为which引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road,which在从句中作主语。
自主翻译:随着作为“一带一路”倡议组成部分的“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的提出,郑和航行过的古代航道而今再度受到关注。
情景仿写:
①我们昨天参加了李教授主题为海洋资源保护的讲座,这提升了我们的环境保护意识。
We attended the lecture on marine resources protection delivered by Professor Li yesterday,which raised our awareness of environmental protection.
②上个星期,我们参加了我们学校组织的越野跑比赛,这考验了我们的体力。
Last week,we took part in the cross-country running race organised by our school,which tested our physical strength.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.bond
A.n.纽带;关系　　　　B.vt.使牢固结合
C.vt.建立信任关系
①This new kind of glue bonds various surfaces in a short time.　B　
②It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books.　C　
③The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register.　A　
2.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2023·全国乙卷)From Buddhist temples to museums,narrow hutong to royal palaces,it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout.adj.皇家的
②(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)In every issue,you will find an interesting mix of interviews and essays on the good life,history,philosophy,arts and fashion photography.n.融合
③(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill,the Skinny Bridge,the Rijksmuseum,Heineken Brewery and much more.vt.包含
④(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)If you want to be published,it’s vital to submit a perfect,professionally presented manuscript (原稿).adv.以专业的方式
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)The column will serve as a catalyst for closer bonds (bond) between students.
2.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)For example,the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional (profession) on a weekend hike in the park.
3.(2023·浙江1月卷)Last week,in a public debate in San Francisco,a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents (opponent)...
4.Jenna found the bread and put two slices into the egg mixture (mix).
5.The Greens lost all their possessions (possess) as a result of the fire.Luckily,their neighbors gave them much help.
6.The instant they appeared,they were greeted with a burst of applause (applaud).
7.Do keep in mind that my assistance will be at hand whenever you need it.
8.They set up a charity foundation so that they could help more people in need.
9.Modern technology is good enough to exploit (exploit) all the sea resources.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 发言稿—历史人物—郑和
假设你是李华,星期六晚上学校放映了《郑和下西洋》(A Treasure Ship Captain)这部电影。你校国际班的外国朋友对其很感兴趣。请你写一篇英文发言稿,介绍郑和。
[场景演练]
1.在15世纪早期,郑和,一位卓越非凡的中国航海者,率领着一支规模庞大的船队,这支船队着实是独树一帜。(fleet,in a league of its own)
In the early 15th century,Zheng He,a remarkable Chinese voyager,led a massive fleet that was truly in a league of its own.
2.他手持精准的指南针,备好详细的航海日志,准备记录每一段航程,随后便开启了他具有历史意义的海上远航之旅。(compass,set sail,maritime)
With a clear compass in hand and detailed logs ready to record every journey,he set sail on his historic maritime expeditions.
3.他掌握着先进的航海技术,拥有装备精良的船只,这让他能够充满自信地征服波涛汹涌的大海。(possession)
His possession of advanced navigation techniques and well-equipped ships enabled him to conquer the rough seas with confidence.
4.当船队看到遥远的土地和陌生的海岸线时,这支船队承载着明朝的文明,开展贸易活动并进行文化交流。(behold)
As they beheld distant lands and unfamiliar coastlines,the fleet carried the civilization of the Ming Dynasty and engaged in trade and cultural exchanges.
5.即便面临重重挑战,郑和从未想过退缩。(withdraw)
Even when Zheng He was faced with challenges,he never thought of withdrawing.
6.他的航海之旅不仅扩大了中国的影响力,还在世界航海史上留下了不可磨灭的印记,彰显了中国在那个时代于航海探索领域的主导地位。(expand)
His voyages not only expanded China’s influence but also left an indelible mark on world maritime history,showcasing China’s dominance in exploration during that era.
[句式升级]
1.将第3句用强调句进行改写升级。
It was his possession of advanced navigation techniques and well-equipped ships that enabled him to conquer the rough seas with confidence.
2.将第4句用现在分词作状语进行改写升级。
As they beheld distant lands and unfamiliar coastlines,the fleet carried the civilization of the Ming Dynasty,engaging in trade and cultural exchanges.
3.将第5句用省略句进行改写升级。
Even when faced with challenges,he never thought of withdrawing.
4.将第6句用倒装句进行改写升级。
Not only did his voyages expand China’s influence but it also left an indelible mark on world maritime history,showcasing China’s dominance in exploration during that era.
[连句成篇]
In the early 15th century,Zheng He,a remarkable Chinese voyager,led a massive fleet that was truly in a league of its own.
With a clear compass in hand and detailed logs ready to record every journey,he set sail on his historic maritime expeditions.It was his possession of advanced navigation techniques and well-equipped ships that enabled him to conquer the rough seas with confidence.As they beheld distant lands and unfamiliar coastlines,the fleet carried the civilization of the Ming Dynasty,engaging in trade and cultural exchanges.
Even when faced with challenges,he never thought of withdrawing.Not only did his voyages expand China’s influence but it also left an indelible mark on world maritime history,showcasing China’s dominance in exploration during that era.
要求:请根据P262的线训练,再结合括号中的提示完成句式升级,并续写后续内容,使故事情节更加完整。
Seven days ago,Emma participated in an art competition.①When hearing the news that she lost the art competition(现在分词作状语),she abandoned herself to despair,floating in an ocean of sadness.With a sinking heart,she dragged her feet to the empty studio.②Disappointment and sadness took hold of her(无灵主语) when she discovered her discarded sketches in the trash.③Heartbroken(形容词作状语),she suddenly wept wildly not for defeat,but for all the beauty she would never dare to create again.④Having struggled for a long time,she made up her mind to pick her brush again.This time she kept practising harder and harder.Eventually her work was widely accepted.
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.participant　　　n.参与者;参加者 2.dedicate vt.把……奉献给 3.priority n.优先事项;首要的事;优先 4.proficiency 　　　n.熟练;娴熟;精通 5.acquire vt.获得;购得
阅 读 词 汇 1.bounce 　　　　　　vi.& vt.(使)弹起;上下晃动 n.弹性;弹跳;活力 2.aptitude n.天资;天赋 3.scenario n.设想;方案;预测 4.lawyer n.律师 5.assemble vt.组装;装配 vi.& vt.收集;聚集;集合 6.drawer n.抽屉 7.a chest of drawers 抽屉柜 8.breast n.乳房;胸部 9.hydrogen n.氢;氢气 10.radium n.镭 11.wrist n.手腕;腕关节 12.bridegroom n.新郎 13.geometry n.几何学;几何图形 14.debt n.债务;欠款 15.categorise vt.把……分类(加以归类) 16.profile n.简介;概述;侧面轮廓 vt.扼要介绍;概述;写简介 17.code n.代码;密码 vt.编码;把……译成密码 18.orient vt.使适应;使面对;确定方向 19.detective n.侦探;警探 20.graphic n.图表;图形;图画 adj.绘画的;图案的 21.estate n.庄园;住宅区;工业区 22.(real) estate agent 房地产经纪人 23.spy　　　　　 n.密探;间谍 vi.从事间谍活动 vt.突然看见;发现 24.justice n.公平;公正;合理 25.entrepreneur n.创业者;企业家 26.receptionist n.接待员 27.CV [NAmE résumé] n.履历;简历 munist adj.共产主义的 n.共产主义者 29.fox n.狐狸;狡猾的人 30.council n.委员会;市政服务机构 31.canal n.运河;灌溉渠 32.supervise vt.& vi.主管;指导;监督 33.handwriting n.书法;书写;笔迹 34.disk [disc] n.磁盘;盘 35.camel n.骆驼 36.fry n.油煎的食物 vt.& vi.油炸;油炒;油煎 37.purse n.钱包;皮夹子(尤指女用) 38.sew vi.& vt.(sewed,sewn/sewed)缝制;缝;做针线活 39.knit vt.& vi.编织;针织;(使)紧密结合 n.编织的衣服;针织衫 40.intermediate adj.中级的;中等的;中间的 41.cage n.笼子 vt.关在笼子里 42.collar n.(动物)颈圈;衣领 43.flea collar 灭蚤颈圈 44.certificate n.合格证书;证明 45.desert n.沙漠;荒漠
拓 展 词 汇 1.accountant n.会计;会计师→account n.叙述;描述;账户;账目;解释;理由 v.认为;说明;视为 2.accuse vt.控告;控诉;谴责→accusing adj.谴责的;指责的→accusation n.谴责;控告 3.greedy adj.贪婪的;贪心的→greed n.贪婪;贪心 4.socialist adj.社会主义的 n.社会主义者→socialism n.社会主义→social n.联谊会;联欢会 adj.社会的;社交的;交际的→socially adv.善于交际地;在社会上→society n.社会;社团;协会 5.parking n.停车位;停车→park vt.& vi.停车;泊车 n.公园 6.wool n.毛;毛线;毛料→woolen adj.羊毛的;毛绒的 7.finance n.资金;财政;金融 vt.提供资金→financial adj.金融的;财政的→financially adv.财政上;金融上 8.receipt n.收据;接收→receive vt.收到;接待;接纳 vi.接收 9.employer n.雇主;老板→employee n.雇员;员工→employ vt.雇用;使用;利用→employment n.雇用;使用;工作;就业
重 点 词 块 1.bounce around　　蹦来蹦去;弹来弹去 2.be suited to 适合于 3.head start 起步前的优势 4.look back 回忆;回顾;倒退 5.divide up 分割;分配 6.in conclusion　　　　　总之;总而言之 7.be passionate about... 对……热情 8.come to a conclusion 得出结论 9.be located in 位于 10.help out 帮助……摆脱困境/克服困难
重 点 句 型 1.作为一名成年人,你结识新朋友时首先被问及的问题之一是:“你是做什么工作的 ”(“when+doing”省略结构) As an adult, one of the first questions you are asked when meeting someone new is, “What do you do ” 2.我真希望当年能再多想想自己真正想要做什么。(虚拟语气) I wish I had thought more about what I really wanted to do. 3.我想成为一名律师,因为我认为公平和正义对于社会是非常重要的,我希望我能在这方面做出一些贡献。(be of+抽象名词) I want to become a lawyer because I think fairness and justice is of great importance to society, and I hope I can make some contribution in that respect.
常见的其他前缀“re-” 集锦:
①build→rebuild 重建　　　　　　　②write→rewrite 重写　　　　　③play→replay重播
④consider→reconsider 重新考虑 ⑤connect→reconnect重新连接 ⑥arrange→rearrange重新安排
⑦start→restart重新开始 ⑧tell→retell复述 ⑨adjust→readjust重新调整
1.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) Since setting out on the journey, the fitness lover has not only managed to grow an impressive set of muscles—but also a huge following on social (socialist) media. 2.(2025· 新课标Ⅱ卷)What does Detrinidad try to explain by mentioning doctors and lawyers (law). 3.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)W:What did you do Gee,you broke Mary’s sports watch M:Ah,I wish I didn’t touch (我没有碰过) it. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)For two weeks in March,Greenwich Village’s Blue Hill restaurant was renamed wastED,and served items like fried(fry) skate cartilage,a juice pulp burger,and a dumpster diver’s vegetable salad. 5.(2025·浙江1月卷)He’s a receptionist (reception). 6.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)According to this theory,people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to (适合于……) social media,which are often not so serious,and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print. 7.(2024· 新课标Ⅱ卷)Learn from prior (priority) experience to slow it down. 8.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)In the wrong hands,such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI but,thankfully,Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. 9.(2023· 新课标Ⅰ卷) No matter where I buy them,though,one steamer basket is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy(greed),and so I am always left wanting more next time. 10.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)You’ll want to look back(回顾) on your journey to see how far you’ve come. 11.(2023· 全国甲卷) It was June 1986 when I came to Moscow to participate (participant) in Open Tchaikovsky Competition at the age of 10 from Chelyabinsk. 12.(2023· 全国甲卷)I think I’m well qualified for the accountant (account) position here. 13.(2023· 全国甲卷)Different from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation(accuse) instead of a moral. 14.(2023·浙江1月卷)Meaning emerges through a process of social (socialist) interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. 15.(2023·浙江1月卷)Yes, the employees (employ) dressed up as movie characters, and every customer received a discount card. 16.(2022·全国甲卷)Though not known to use tools in the wild,the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage (笼子). 17.(2021·新课标Ⅰ卷)Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists,although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out (帮助她摆脱困境) on stage. 18.(2021·浙江6月卷)When listening (listen) to them,pay attention to words that sound strange... 19.(2020·新课标Ⅰ卷)It’s rare to hear someone say,“I wish that speaker had spoken (speak) longer.” 20.(2020·新课标Ⅱ卷)The far side of the moon is of particular interest (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so than the familiar near side. 21.(2020·浙江1月卷)I was running so fast that I bounced (bounce) off the trunk and landed on my backside.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.debt n.债务;欠款
①She is a person who doesn’t like to be in debt to anyone.
②The real estate agent was dedicated to working day and night so that he could pay off his debt as soon as possible.
③[求助信] 我写信给你是因为我处于困境。由于一些意外开支,我最近负债了,我不知道该如何处理。
I’m writing to you because I’m in a difficult situation.I’ve got/run into debt recently due to some unexpected expenses, and I don’t know how to deal with it.
④[感谢信]我非常感谢我的老师,他的悉心指导帮助我选择了合适的专业。
I owe a debt of gratitude to my teacher,whose careful guidance helped me choose a suitable major.
2.accountant n.会计;会计师
①[通知]Students are reminded to check their library accounts(account)regularly.Overdue fines will be charged if books aren’t returned on time.
②你如何解释他的突然失踪
How do you account for his sudden disappearance
③[主旨升华]我们决不能忽视他人的善意,因为感恩不仅温暖人心,还能巩固友谊的纽带。
On no account can we ignore the kindness of others, as gratitude not only warms hearts but also strengthens the bonds of friendship.
④[申请信] 在考虑我申请的交换生项目时,我衷心希望您能考虑我优异的学术表现。
When considering my application for the exchange student program, I sincerely hope you can take account of my outstanding academic performance/take my outstanding academic performance into account.
　　表示“决不”的短语还有in no case,at no time,in no sense,in no way,by no means,on no condition,under/in no circumstances,on no consideration,on no occasion等。
3.accuse vt.控告;控诉;谴责
①A heated argument broke out in the office when Lily suddenly made an accusation that Tom had broken her new cup.Accusing him loudly in front of everyone, she demanded an apology.Tom, shocked and upset at being accused of such a thing, firmly denied it.(accuse)
②汤姆被指责在面试前没有做好充分的准备,所以他情绪低落。
→Tom was accused of/charged with/blamed for not making enough preparations before the interview, so he was in low spirits.(并列句)
→Accused of/Charged with/Blamed for not making enough preparations before the interview,Tom was in low spirits.(过去分词作状语)
4.greedy adj.贪婪的;贪心的
①[申请信]我渴望参加这次夏令营,在那里我能学到更多中医知识。
I am greedy to participate in the summer camp where I can learn more knowledge about Chinese medicine.
②这位艺术家渴望新的灵感,不断探索不同的文化和风格。
The artist is greedy for new inspiration,constantly exploring different cultures and styles.
③他出于对知识的渴望而努力学习,立志为科研事业做出更大贡献。
He studies hard out of greed for knowledge, aiming to make greater contributions to scientific research.
5.dedicate vt.把……奉献给
①[推荐信] I wholeheartedly recommend Lucy for the student council position.She is a dedicated (dedicate) leader who spends countless hours organizing volunteer events for our school community.
② [感谢信] Dear Ms.Johnson, please accept our heartfelt gratitude for your dedication (dedicate) to the school drama club.
③ [人物介绍]林巧稚投身于医疗事业,激励了无数心怀医学梦想的年轻人。
→Dedicating/Devoting herself to medical care,Lin Qiaozhi inspired countless young people with medical dreams.(现在分词作状语)
→Dedicated/Devoted to medical care,Lin Qiaozhi inspired countless young people with medical dreams.(过去分词作状语)
6.priority n.优先事项;首要的事;优先
①Before submitting the final project, it’s prior to double-check all data for accuracy.As team leader, I’ll prioritise tasks based on their urgency, ensuring that high-impact components are completed first.This approach not only maintains quality but also respects the priority of meeting our deadline.(priority)
②[建议信] 我强烈建议学校优先改善校园安全设施。
I strongly suggest that the school (should) give priority to improving campus safety facilities.
③在我的未来职业生涯中,我认为实现个人价值比赚钱更重要。
In my future career, I think fulfilling personal value has/takes priority over making money.
7.wish+宾语从句
[教材原句] You don’t want to look back in years to come and say,“I wish I had thought more about what I really wanted to do.”
你也不希望多年之后回顾过去时才说:“我真希望当年能再多想想自己真正想要做什么。”
①[心理描写] 当她看到队友脸上失望的神情时,喉咙像被哽住了。她希望自己能立刻让队友感到骄傲。
When she saw the disappointed look on her teammate’s face, she felt a lump in her throat.She wished she could make her teammate proud immediately.
②[申请书] 我希望能有更多机会在这个领域展示我的能力。
I wish I could have more opportunities to showcase my abilities in this field.
③[心理描写]我站在那里,默默地流着悔恨的泪水,我希望我没对我最好的朋友说如此刻薄的话。
I stood there, shedding tears of regret in silence and I wished that I hadn’t said such sharp words to my best friend.
wish 还可用于以下结构:
①wish to do sth希望做某事;
②wish sb to do sth希望某人做某事;
③wish for... 希望得到……。
8.be of+抽象名词
[教材原句] I want to become a lawyer because I think fairness and justice is of great importance to society, and I hope I can make some contribution in that respect.
我想成为一名律师,因为我认为公平和正义对于社会是非常重要的,我希望我能在这方面做出一些贡献。
① [申请信] My experience as a volunteer at the local library is of great value, as it has enhanced my communication and organizational skills.
②[通知] 即将举行的安全培训会对保障每位学生在校安全至关重要,所有人员必须参加。
The upcoming safety training session is of utmost importance to ensure every student’s well-being on campus.All participants must attend.
③ [主旨升华] 他们的善举不仅是一个举动,更具有深远意义,提醒我们哪怕微小的行动也能产生很大的影响。
Their act of kindness wasn’t just a gesture—it was of profound significance, reminding us that even small actions can make a great difference.
　　介词of后面还可接一些表示人或事物的属性的名词,如size、colour、height、length、age、shape、quality等,用来描述人或事物的属性,在句中作表语或后置定语。这些名词没有相应的形容词形式,因此不能用“be+形容词”来代替“be+of+n.”。用在这些名词前的限定词常是a/an、the、the same、my、your等,of表示“具有”,有时可省去。
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] The best time ①to start thinking about possible careers is ②while you are still at school,③before you make any choices about your further education.
尝试分析:本句的句子主干是一个“主系表”结构。句中①是动词不定式短语作名词time的后置定语,②是while引导的表语从句,③是before引导的时间状语从句。
自主翻译:开始考虑自己可能从事的职业的最佳时间,是你还在学校的时候,在你对自己的继续深造做出任何选择之前。
情景仿写:开始找工作的最佳时间是你在大学期间,在你掌握了大量的专业知识之后。
The best time to start searching for a job is when you are in university,after you’ve acquired a lot of professional knowledge.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.写出下列句中黑体词的含义。
① (2023·全国甲卷) I graduated from university two years ago, and have since been working in an accounting company.n.会计
②(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) 7/10 — Wildflowers & White Balance:meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.n.停车
③ (2023·全国甲卷)Carson proves that a literary lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still be employed today to draw attention to important truths.vt.被用来
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
The desert① stretched out endlessly.Tom’s companions deserted② him at the first sign of trouble, leaving him alone in this vast wasteland.Every gust of wind only deepened his sense of disappointment.As time dragged on, hope deserted③ him.This place, once a dream of adventure, now embodied betrayal and despair.
①沙漠一望无际地延伸着。汤姆的同伴们在一遇到麻烦时就②抛弃了他,把他独自留在这片辽阔的荒原上。每一阵狂风都只是加深了他的失望之感。随着时间缓缓流逝,他觉得希望③背离了他。这个曾经是冒险梦想之地的地方,如今却象征着背叛与绝望。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) Still, in room 386, academics don’t come first.Physical health and mental health are the priority (prior).
2.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) Where will the participants (participant) meet for the July 10 photography workshop
3.(2023·全国乙卷) When we consider contact (联系) between literate and non-literate societies such as these, all our first-hand accounts (account) are necessarily twisted, only one half of a dialogue.
4.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) When I was in middle school, my social (socialist) studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest.
5.Greedy (greed) for the chance to improve my English through the activity,I am writing to you eagerly.
6.By day, Robert Titterman is a lawyer (law).
7.Is learning a foreign language a question of learning new skills or a question of acquiring (acquire) new knowledge
8.The boss thought it necessary to improve the quality of the woolen (wool) sweaters in his company.
9.With several ideas bouncing (bounce) around in his head,the chemist couldn’t decide to choose which one.
10.After he resigned from the post,he was dedicated to helping (help) the disabled.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 申请信—工作与职业—申请工作
假设你是李华,会计专业毕业的你正在找工作,碰巧你在报纸上看到了一家跨国公司在招聘会计师的广告。请你给招聘主管怀特先生写一封申请信。
[场景演练]
1.我在报纸上偶然看到您招聘会计师的广告,想申请这份工作。(accountant)
I happened to have read your advertisement for an accountant in the newspaper and would like to apply for the job.
2.我的简历请见附件。(CV)
Please find my CV attached.
3.作为一个大学毕业生,我已经学习会计多年。对于这个专业我很有天赋。(aptitude)
As a college graduate,I have studied accounting for many years and I have a good aptitude for the major.
4.我的熟练程度得到了学校委员会的认可,我顺利获得了会计学士学位,并且被授予优秀毕业生的称号。(proficiency,acquire)
My proficiency was well recognised by the school committee.I acquired my bachelor’s degree in accounting smoothly and was entitled as outstanding graduate.
5.此外,我大学期间曾在一家跨国公司实习。这对我来说是个优势。(head start)
In addition,I once participated in internship in a multinational enterprise during my university.It will be a head start for me.
6.如果我被聘用,我将全心全意地为贵公司奉献。(dedicate)
If I am hired,I will be dedicated to your company heart and soul.
7.如果您能考虑我的申请,我将不胜感激。期待您早日答复。(account)
I would appreciate it if you could take account of my application.Looking forward to your early reply.
[句式升级]
1.将第3句用现在分词的完成式作状语进行改写升级。
As a college graduate,having studied accounting for many years,I have a good aptitude for the major.
2.将第4句用with复合结构进行改写升级。
With my proficiency well recognised by the school committee,I acquired my bachelor’s degree in accounting smoothly and was entitled as outstanding graduate.
3.将第5句用定语从句进行改写升级。
In addition,I once participated in internship in a multinational enterprise during my university,which will be a head start for me.
4.将第6句用省略句进行改写升级。
If hired,I will be dedicated to your company heart and soul.
[连句成篇]
Dear Mr White,
I happened to have read your advertisement for an accountant in the newspaper and would like to apply for the job.Please find my CV attached.
As a college graduate,having studied accounting for many years,I have a good aptitude for the major.With my proficiency well recognised by the school committee,I acquired my bachelor’s degree in accounting smoothly and was entitled as outstanding graduate.In addition,I once participated in internship in a multinational enterprise during my university,which will be a head start for me.If hired,I will be dedicated to your company heart and soul.
I would appreciate it if you could take account of my application.Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
a heart of gold 热心肠;善良 as cold as ice 像冰一样冰冷;冷若冰霜 feel a lump in one’s throat 如鲠在喉 work like a horse 辛勤地干活 darkness envelops the city 黑暗笼罩整座城市 breeze kisses one’s cheeks 微风亲吻着某人的脸颊 the icy wind starts howling 寒风开始咆哮 修辞 (比喻、 拟人、 夸张) fear seizes/swallows sb 恐惧吞噬了某人 anger chokes one’s words 气得说不出话 be rooted to the spot 呆在原地;呆若木鸡 on top of the world 心满意足 a river of tears pours out 泪流成河 heart melts with tenderness 心被温柔融化 bring one’s heart into the mouth 心提到了嗓子眼儿 bring the house down 博得满堂喝彩
夜幕笼罩着城市,暴风雨在外肆虐,而在小小的动物收容所里,一只叫Max的小狗正焦急地等待着他永远的家。当一个害羞的女孩Lily走进来时,她的目光与它相遇,喉咙顿时哽住了——她知道就是它了。就在她伸手抚摸它的一刻,后方突然传来一声巨响,一个架子倒塌了,东西飞落。看到工作人员漫不经心地耸耸肩,Lily气得说不出话来,但Max冲向声响处,狂吠着警示其他人。工作人员赶忙过来帮忙,围观的人群爆发出一阵掌声,Max的勇敢博得满堂喝彩。Lily愣在原地,无比自豪。
①The darkness enveloped the city as the storm raged outside, but inside the tiny animal shelter, a small dog named Max waited anxiously for his forever home.
When a shy girl named Lily walked in, her eyes met his, and she immediately ②felt a lump in her throat—she knew he was the one.Just as she reached out to pet him, a loud crash echoed from the back; a shelf had collapsed, and sent things flying.
③Anger choked her words as she saw a worker carelessly shrug it off, but Max dashed toward the noise, barking fiercely to alert the others.
The staff rushed to help, and the crowd that had gathered burst into applause.Max’s bravery ④brought the house down.
Lily ⑤stood rooted to the spot, and she was overwhelmed with pride.
要求:请根据线训练,再结合括号中的提示完成句式升级,并续写后续内容,使故事情节更加完整。
Streetlights flickered weakly in the storm’s fury. The darkness enveloped the city as the storm raged outside, but inside the tiny animal shelter, a small dog ①whose name was Max(定语从句) waited anxiously for his forever home.When a shy girl named Lily walked in, her eyes met his, and she immediately felt a lump in her throat—she knew he was the one.Just as she reached out to pet him, a loud crash echoed from the back; a shelf had collapsed, ②sending things flying(现在分词作状语).
Anger choked her words, as she saw a worker carelessly shrug it off, but Max dashed toward the noise, barking fiercely to alert the others.The staff rushed to help, and the crowd that had gathered burst into applause, ③Max’s bravery bringing the house down(独立主格结构).Lily stood rooted to the spot, ④overwhelmed with pride(过去分词作状语).⑤She realized that this little dog with a heart of gold had already found his way into hers.She couldn’t wait to pick up Max and smiled with relief.
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》

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