资源简介

写 作 词 汇 1.buffet 　　vt.连续猛击;打来打去 n.自助餐 2.edge n.边;边缘;边线;刀刃 vt.& vi.(使)徐徐移动;给……加边 3.ban vt.明令禁止;取缔 n.禁令 4.sour adj.酸的;有酸味的 5.sneeze vi.打喷嚏 n.喷嚏;喷嚏声 6.cream n.奶油;乳脂;护肤霜 adj.奶油色的;淡黄色的 7.stretch vi.延伸;延续 vi.& vt.伸展;舒展 8.route n.路线;路途;途径 9.ahead 　　　adv.向前;在前面;提前 10.theme adj.有特定主题的 n.主题;主题思想 11.wander n.游荡;闲逛;流浪 vt.& vi.闲逛;漫游 vi.走失;离散;走神 12.swing vt.& vi.(swung,swung) (使)摆动;摇摆;转弯;(使)突然转向 13.display n.展览;陈列;展览品 vt.显示;陈列 14.appetite n.食欲;胃口;强烈欲望
阅 读 词 汇 1.valley 　　　n.谷;山谷;溪谷 2.vast adj.辽阔的;巨大的;庞大的 3.glacier n.冰川 4.reindeer n.驯鹿 5.territory n.领土;版图;领域;地盘 6.cottage n.小屋;(尤指)村舍; 小别墅 7.teapot n.茶壶 8.label vt.用标签标明;贴标签 n.标签;标记 9.leopard n.豹 10.bush n.灌木 11.lung n.肺 12.corridor n.狭长地带;走廊;过道;通道 13.pedal n.(自行车等的)脚镫子;踏板 vt.& vi.骑自行车;踩踏板 14.fountain 　　　n.喷泉;人工喷泉;喷水池 15.pirate n.海盗;盗版者 vt.盗印;窃用 16.enormous adj.巨大的;极大的 17.iron n.铁;铁器;铸铁;熨斗 vt.& vi.(用熨斗)熨;烫平 18.steam n.蒸汽;水蒸气;蒸汽动力 vi.蒸发;散发蒸汽;冒水汽 19.superb adj.极佳的;卓越的 20.aquarium n.水族馆;水族玻璃槽;养鱼缸 21.splendid adj.壮丽的;雄伟的;极佳的;非常好的 22.column n.(书、报纸印刷页上的)栏;专栏;柱(形物)
拓 展 词 汇 1.cloth n.(一块)布;织物;布料→clothing n.服装(总称)→clothes n.衣服;服装 2.boundary n.边界;界限;分界线→bound v.跳跃着跑;形成……边界 adj.一定会;受……约束→ boundless adj.无限的;无止境的 3.visible adj.看得见的;可见的→invisible adj.看不见的→vision n.视野;视力→visibility n .可见度 4.accompany vt.陪同;陪伴;伴随;(尤指用钢琴)为……伴奏→company n.陪伴;商行
拓 展 词 汇 5.adopt vt.采用;采取;采纳 vt.& vi.领养→adoption n.采纳;领养→adopted adj.收养的;领养的→ adoptive adj.收养的;有收养关系的 6.bless vt.祝福→blessing n.祝福;幸事→blessed adj.神圣的;受祝福的 7.prohibit vt.(尤指以法令)禁止;阻止→prohibition n.禁止;阻止;禁令→prohibited adj.被禁止的 8.journalist n.新闻记者;新闻工作者→journal n.报纸;期刊;日志 9.rewarding adj.值得做的;有益的→reward vt.回报;酬谢 n.报酬;报答 10.cycle n.自行车;摩托车;循环 vi.骑自行车→cyclist n.骑自行车的人;自行车手→cycling n.骑自行车运动 11.incredible adj.极好的;极大的;难以置信的→ incredibly adv.极其;难以置信地→ credible adj.可信的;可靠的 12.appeal vi.有吸引力;呼吁;恳求;上诉 n.吸引力;呼吁;上诉;请求→appealing adj.有吸引力的 13.adorable adj.可爱的;讨人喜爱的→adore vt.钦佩;爱慕 14.amuse vt.(提供)消遣;(使)娱乐→amusement n.娱乐(活动);愉悦→amusing adj.逗人笑的;有乐趣的→amused adj.被逗乐的;觉得好笑的 15.fashion n.时尚;时兴;流行款式→fashionable adj.流行的;时髦的 16.rare adj.稀少的;珍贵的;(肉)半熟的→rarely adv.罕见地;极少地 17.polar adj.(近)极地的;南极(或北极)的;磁极的→ pole n.极点;磁极 18.entertainment n.娱乐;招待;娱乐活动;文娱节目→entertain v.招待,款待;娱乐,使快乐→entertaining adj.使人愉快的;有趣的;娱乐的→entertainer n.艺人;表演者
重 点 词 块 1.leave behind　　留下;遗留 2.apart from 除了;除了……以外还 3.feed on 以……为食 4.on the move 在行进中;在移动中 5.pick up 捡起;拾起 6.live a(n)...life 过着一种……的 生活 7.set out 出发;启程;(怀着目标)开始 工作 8.live off 依靠……生活;以吃…… 为生 9.be famous for 以……而闻名 10.appeal to　　 　有吸引力;有感染力;呼吁;上 诉;打动 11.be familiar with 对……熟悉 12.come true 实现 13.have fun 玩得开心 14.up to 达到(某数量、程度等);直到;不多于;(体力或智力上)能胜任 15.upside down 颠倒;倒转;翻转 16.wake up 醒来 17.look after 照顾
重 点 句 型 1.在驯鹿之后来的是萨米人,他们在这片土地上安家落户。(完全倒装结构) Following the reindeer were the Sami people,who made this territory their home. 2.置身这般美丽的荒原,我感到活着是如此幸福。(动词-ing形式作主语) Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive. 3.无论你喜欢哪一个,无论你喜欢什么,总会有一个奇妙无比的主题公园让你流连忘返!(“疑问词+-ever”引导让步状语从句) Whichever and whatever you like,there is an incredible theme park that will appeal to you! 4.这个辽阔的新公园几乎比保护中国东北地区的东北虎的老野生动物园大四倍。(倍数表达法) This vast new park is nearly four times larger than the old wildlife park protecting Siberian tigers in Northeast China. 5.大约9 000年前,冰层消融,留下了大约100座冰川。[现在分词(短语)作结果状语] Around 9,000 years ago,this ice melted,leaving behind about 100 glaciers.
动词、名词变形容词的后缀“-ed”集锦:
①confuse→confused 迷惑的　　　　②amuse→amused 逗乐的;觉得好笑的
③expect→expected 预料的;预期的 ④determine→determined 坚定的;坚决的
⑤amaze→amazed 惊奇的 ⑥scare→scared 害怕的
⑦terrify→terrified 恐惧的 ⑧satisfy→satisfied 满足的
⑨focus→focused 注意力集中的 ⑩skill→skilled 熟练的
talent→talented 有天赋的 relate→related 相关的;有联系的
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷) Most famously,a Canadian journalist (journal) who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷) Moving (move) goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed (display) there. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) Yet now,I live in the countryside of Zhejiang,China with my Chinese husband and his family,where bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains... 5.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) The “sunshine scent” of freshly sunned clothes (cloth) is one of them. 6.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) “Plants are in fashion (时兴) right now,” says Dr.Melinda Knuth,a researcher from the University of Florida. 7.(2025·浙江1月卷) Any restrictions established by the lending library will be indicated on the label (标签). 8.(2025·浙江1月卷) However,obtaining items that are rare (稀少的),recently published or in high demand may take longer. 9.(2025·浙江1月卷) Items are picked up at one of our libraries—the one you selected in the ILL Request Form. 10.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility (visible),said Edmondson,adding that .... 11.(2024·北京卷) To practise this,we need to establish clear boundaries (boundary) in our personal and professional life. 12.(2024·全国甲卷) These adorable (adore) little hunters are just doing something that it’s been in their nature since the beginning of time. 13.(2024·浙江1月卷) But it can certainly keep me entertained (entertain) while I wait for my wife to rescue me. 14.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) Cycling (cycle) is the most economical,sustainable and fun way to explore the city,with its beautiful canals,parks,squares and countless lights. 15.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) No matter where I buy them,though,one steamer basket is rarely (rare) enough,yet two seems greedy,and so I am always left wanting more next time. 16.(2023·全国甲卷) He makes philosophical thought an appealing (appeal) exercise that improves the quality of our experiences,and he does so with plenty of humor. 17.(2023·全国乙卷) In spite of the court hearing testimonials of her ability as a doctor,she was banned (ban) from medicine. 18.(2022·新课标Ⅰ卷) As a special education teacher at the school,I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination.
19.(2022·全国甲卷) It presents live entertainment (entertain),including pop,rock,folk,jazz,musicals,dance,world music,films and classical music. 20.(2022·浙江1月卷) One day,while driving near her home,she saw a dog wandering (wander) on the road,clearly lost. 21.(2021·全国甲卷) Banned (ban) from the hotel since 2001,Burchill is now welcome to come back,the Fairmont said. 22.(2021·全国甲卷) Put different types of clothing (衣服) on different surfaces in the room. 23.(2021·浙江6月卷) Diverse methods were adopted (采纳) during training.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.ban vt.明令禁止;取缔 n.禁令
①The new law will place a ban on harmful chemicals in food production.
②[建议信] 学校图书馆禁止大声说话或制造噪声,以保持安静的学习环境。
The school library bans talking loudly or making noise to maintain a quiet study environment.
③[通知] 任何在考试中作弊的学生,本学期将被禁止参与学校的奖学金申请。
Any student caught cheating in exams will be banned from participating in the school’s scholarship application this term.
2.accompany vt.陪同;陪伴;伴随;(尤指用钢琴)为……伴奏
①[通知] All visitors to the science museum must be accompanied by a guide,and personal visits without supervision are prohibited.
②妈妈让我陪她去超市买点东西,为我即将到来的生日聚会做准备。
Mum asked me to accompany her to the supermarket to buy something to prepare for my coming birthday party.
③我生日聚会那天,Sara唱歌,Bill用吉他为她伴奏。我很开心在这个重要的时刻我的朋友们可以陪伴着我。
On my birthday party day,Sara sang and Bill accompanied her on the guitar.I was so happy that my friends kept me company at this important moment.
3.adopt vt.采用;采取;采纳 vt.& vi.领养
①If I had adopted (adopt) his advice,I would have achieved my goal on schedule.
②The young couple were persuaded to adopt the poor boy and at a minimum,the adoption could guarantee the adopted boy a secure life.(adopt)
③Having adopted scientific learning methods (自从采用了科学的学习方法),he has made great progress in maths.
4.appeal vi.有吸引力;呼吁;恳求;上诉 n.吸引力;呼吁;上诉;请求
①Volunteering is not only fulfilling but also an appealing (appeal) way to give back to the community.
②To build the bridge,we made an appeal to the villagers for donations.
③[建议信] To reduce campus waste,I suggest the school appeal to students to bring reusable water bottles (呼吁学生携带可重复使用的水瓶) instead of disposable ones.
④[活动介绍] A lecture about traditional Chinese culture was given last week by our head teacher,which appealed to (吸引) lots of foreign students.
5.amuse vt.(提供)消遣;(使)娱乐
①[日记] Yesterday,we went to an amusement park where we were amused by the performances that we found amusing to watch.(amuse)
②[建议信] To lighten exam pressure,I suggest teachers amuse students with short funny videos during break time.
③[动作描写] As the sun set,I sat on the beach with my grandmother,who told me old tales in/with amusement (愉快地),her eyes shining with warmth.
④[主题升华] To our amusement (使我们感到好笑的是),the strict headmaster joined the event dressed as a clown,proving that joy can break down barriers between generations.
6.entertainment n.娱乐;招待;娱乐活动;文娱节目
①[日记] Jack and Rose entertained us to a big dinner last night.During the time Jack told us many jokes for entertainment,making it an entertaining night.(entertain)
②[场景描写] He entertained the guests with a magic show,making everyone burst into laughter.
③[心理描写] To her entertainment (使她高兴的是),the class drama ended with a surprise dance,which lit up the auditorium.
7.up to 达到(某数量、程度等);直到;不多于;(体力或智力上)能胜任;由……决定;从事于
①[申请信] Having a good command of English,I’m confident that I am up to the job as a teaching assistant (我能够胜任助教这份工作).
②[报道] The sports meet saw up to 800 students (多达 800 名学生) competing in 15 events,
with three new school records set yesterday.
③[邀请信] We’re organising a museum tour—It’s up to you to decide (由你决定) if you want to join us next Friday.
④[主旨升华] Our potential is up to how we challenge ourselves (取决于我们如何挑战自我) — small steps can lead to big changes.
8.完全倒装结构
[教材原句] Following the reindeer were the Sami people,who made this territory their home.
在驯鹿之后来的是萨米人,他们在这片土地上安家落户。
① Out rushed the children (孩子们冲了出去) after the bell rang.
②[场景描写] In walked the teacher (老师走了进来) while the students were chatting.
③[环境描写] At the foot of the mountain runs (从山脚下流过) a small stream lined by green trees.
9.倍数表达法
[教材原句] This vast new park is nearly four times larger than the old wildlife park protecting Siberian tigers in Northeast China.
这个辽阔的新公园几乎比保护中国东北地区的东北虎的老野生动物园大四倍。
[报道] 新图书馆的面积是旧馆的四倍,藏书超5万册。
①The newly built library is four times the size of the previous one,containing over 50,000 books.(倍数+the+n.+of)
②The newly built library is four times as large as the previous one,containing over 50,000 books.(倍数+as+adj.+as)
③The newly built library is four times larger than the previous one,containing over 50,000 books.(倍数+adj.的比较级+than)
④The newly built library is four times what the previous one was in size,containing over 50,000 books.(倍数+what从句)
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] For example,this morning my breakfast is flat bread ①warmed over a fire,dried reindeer meat,and some sweet and sour berries ②that I found growing near my tent.
尝试分析:①是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰前面的flat bread,warm和flat bread构成逻辑上的动宾关系;②是that引导的定语从句,修饰前面的berries。
自主翻译:例如,今天早晨,我的早餐是火堆上烤热的大饼、驯鹿肉干以及在帐篷周围长的一些酸甜莓果。
情境仿写:例如,今天早上,他的早餐是他妈妈做的面包、果酱和牛奶,还有他在附近超市买的一些水果。
For example,this morning,his breakfast is bread made by his mother,jam and milk,and some fruits that he bought in the supermarket nearby.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.accompany
A.为……伴奏　B.陪同;陪伴　C.伴随;与……同时发生
①Thunder usually accompanies lightning.　C　
②While she danced on the stage,her mother accompanied her on the piano.　A　
③Mum asked me to accompany her to the supermarket to buy something for supper.　B　
2.up to
A.达到　　　　 B.由……决定
C.直到 D.做;从事于
E.能胜任
①What are you up to this weekend 　D　
②It’s up to you to decide which method you should adopt.　B　
③(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Fortunately,analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task.　E　
④Up to now,I have made enormous progress in my English learning.　C　
⑤Our school can display up to 800 students’paintings at a time in the school hall.　A　
3.写出语段中黑体词的含义
I was wandering① along a road that wandered② through the hills when I saw the man,whose eyes wandered③ restlessly.
我正在一条②蜿蜒穿过山间的小径上①漫步,这时我看到了一个男人,他的眼睛不安地③四处游离着。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2024·北京卷) The approval of others is rewarding (reward),while their disapproval is strongly disliked.
2.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) When I got back home,suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as appealing (appeal).
3.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) The reasons relate to a variety of factors,including reduced concentration,an entertainment (entertain) mindset and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content.
4.They set out on a journey around the world with just a backpack each.
5.Cycling (cycle) is not just good exercise—it also helps reduce traffic congestion in urban areas.
6.Someone is going to go flying if you don’t pick up these toys.
7.[道歉信] I felt incredibly (incredible) ashamed of myself for getting so angry.
8.[人物介绍] As a journalist (journal),she has always had a nose for a good story.
9.[运动与健康] I rarely (rare) get colds,and I’m fit because I take a lot of exercise.
10.[日记] Much to our amusement (amuse),we had a good time at the party.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 推荐信—地理概况—河北海滨国家森林公园
假设你是秦皇岛市的一名中学生李华,你的外国同学Rick想游览位于秦皇岛旅游区的著名的河北海滨国家森林公园。请你根据下列信息介绍这个公园,并表示期盼他的到来。
[场景演练]
1.河北海滨国家森林公园在中国是一个极好的旅游景点,位于秦皇岛市北戴河区。(incredible)
Hebei Coastal National Forest Park is an incredible tourist attraction in China.It is located in Beidaihe District,Qinhuangdao City.
2.它是一个以茂密的森林和大量珍稀动物,特别是以鸟类资源丰富多样而闻名的公园。(abundance,variety)
It is a park famous for its thick forest and abundance of rare animals,especially varieties of birds.
3.它占地1 600多公顷,是380余种鸟类的家园,这占河北省鸟类总数的90%多。(be home to)
Covering more than 1,600 hectares,the park is home to over 380 varieties of birds,which account for more than 90% of the whole amount of bird kinds in Hebei Province.
4.此外,它以令人叹为观止的美吸引了来自世界各地的游客。(appeal)
Besides,it appeals to tourists from all over the world due to/with its breathtaking/striking beauty.
5.在这样一个森林里漫步不仅是一段令人放松的时光,还是一次有益的体验。(wander,rewarding)
Wandering around in such a forest is not only a time for relaxation,but also a rewarding experience.
[句式升级]
1.将第1句用过去分词作状语进行改写升级。
Located in Beidaihe District,Qinhuangdao City,Hebei Coastal National Forest Park is an incredible tourist attraction in China.
2.将第5句用倒装句进行改写升级。
Not only is wandering around in such a forest a time for relaxation,but it is also a rewarding experience.
[连句成篇]
Located in Beidaihe District,Qinhuangdao City,Hebei Coastal National Forest Park is an incredible tourist attraction in China.It is a park famous for its thick forest and abundance of rare animals,especially varieties of birds.Covering more than 1,600 hectares,the park is home to over 380 varieties of birds,which account for more than 90% of the whole amount of bird kinds in Hebei Province.Besides,it appeals to tourists from all over the world due to/with its breathtaking/
striking beauty.Not only is wandering around in such a forest a time for relaxation,but it is also a rewarding experience.
要求:请根据P141的线训练,再结合括号中的提示完成句式升级,并续写后续内容,使故事情节更加完整。
The crowd held its breath as the host announced the winner.Sarah heard her name called as the winner.①Beaming with joy (现在分词作状语),she wore a smiling face ②that quickly became a broad grin (定语从句).The spotlight warmed her face,and she caught sight of her parents cheering wildly in the front row.③With her eyes twinkling (with复合结构) with happiness,she skipped towards the stage,④tears of joy falling (独立主格结构).Her friends threw arms around her.⑤Clapping hands wildly (现在分词作状语),they all bounced up and down,⑥immersed in joy (过去分词作状语).⑦A wave of cheers crashed over the stage.In this shining moment,her victory proved that hard work pays off,and by sharing the joy,she made the triumph even more meaningful.
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　　　vt.解决(难题);应付(局面);处理 2.　　　　 vt.使增长;使兴旺 n.增长;提高;激励 3.　　　　 n.产量;产出 vt.出产(作物);产生(收益、效益等) vi.屈服;让步 4.　　　　 adj.热切的;十分强烈的;激烈的 5.　　　　 vt.(　　　　,　　　　)克服;解决;战胜 6.　　　　 n.产量;输出;输出量 vt.(　　　　,　　　　)输出 7.　　　　 vt.估计;估价;估算 n.估计;估算 8.　　　　 vt.包括;包含;由……组成 9.　　　　 vt.产生;引起 10.　　　　　　n.闲暇;休闲;空闲 11.　　　　 n.泥土;土壤;国土;领土 12.　　　　 n.想象;视力;视野;影像 13.　　　　 vt.减轻;缓解 14.　　　　 adj.分布广的;普遍的;广泛的 15.　　　　 vt.& vi.消化 vt.领会;领悟 n.摘要;文摘 16.　　　　 adj.完全必要的;极其重要的 17.　　　　 n.矿物;矿物质 18.　　　　 n.可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的;非传统的 19.　　　　 n.例子;实例;事例 20.　　　　 n.根;根茎;根部;根源 21.　　　　 n.方面;层面
阅 读 词 汇 1.hybrid　　　　n.　　　　　　　 2.crisis n.(pl.crises) 　　　　　　 3.characteristic n.　　　　　　　 adj.　　　　　　　 4.pollinate vt.　　　　　　　 5.domestic adj.　　　　　　　 6.strain n.　　　　　　　 7.celebrity n.　　　　　　　 8.envision vt.　　　　　　　 9.sorghum n.　　　　　　　 10.broom n.　　　　　　　 11.grain n.　　　　　　　 12.urban　　　adj.　　　　　　　 13.bomb n.　　　　　　　 vt.　　　　　　　 14.tunnel n.　　　　　　　 15.wheat n.　　　　　　　 16.flavour (NAmE -vor) n.　　　　　　 17.fertiliser (NAmE -izer) n.　　　　　　 18.poverty n.　　　　　　　 19.pesticide n.　　　　　　　 20.bacterium n.(pl.bacteria) 　　　　　　 21.grocery n.　　　　　　　　;[pl.] 　　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 vt.把……献(给);把……专用于;专心于→　　　　 n.奉献;忠诚;挚爱→　　　　 adj.挚爱的;全心全意的;忠诚的 2.　　　　 n.不足;缺少;短缺→　　　　 adj.短的;矮的;缺乏的;简略的→　　　　 adv.不多时;不久→　　　　 vt.缩短 3.　　　　 vt.使相信;使确信;说服→　　　　 adj.有说服力的;使人信服的→　　　　 adj.确信的;坚信的 4.　　　　 vt.(通常经过努力)获得;得到→　　　　 adj.可获得的→　　　　 n.成就;获得 5.　　　　 adj.传统的;习惯的→　　　　 n.习俗;惯例;常规 6.　　　　 n.假定;设定;(责任的)承担;(权力的)获得→　　　　 v.假定;设想;承担→　　　　 conj.假定;假设 7.　　　　 vt.& vi.扩大;增加 vt.扩展;发展(业务)→　　　　 n.扩大;扩张;扩充→　　　　 adj.广阔的;全面的 8.　　　　 n.消耗;消耗量;消费→　　　　 vt.消费;消耗→　　　　 n.消费者;用户 9.　　　　 n.现实;实际情况;事实→　　　　 adj.真实的→　　　　 vt.实现;意识到→　　　　 adj.现实的 10.　　　　 adj.含盐的;咸的→　　　　 n.盐 11.　　　　 n.扩建部分;扩大;电话分机→　　　　 vt.伸开;展开;延伸→　　　　 adj.广阔的;大规模的;广泛的 12.　　　　 adj.与化学有关的;化学的 n.化学制品;化学品→　　　　 n.化学→　　　　 adv.化学上地→　　　　 n.化学家;药剂师 13.　　　　 adj.营养(物)的→　　　　 adj.有营养的;营养丰富的→　　　　 n.营养;滋养 14.　　　　 adj.有机的;不使用化肥的;有机物的→　　　　 n.器官;机构→　　　　 adv.有机地→　　　　 n.生物体 15.　　　　 n.向下(或向里)的距离;深(度)→　　　　 adj.深的→　　　　 adv.深深地;强烈地→　　　　 vt.加深;(使)变深 16.　　　　 adv.全部地;完整地;完全地→　　　　 adj.全部的;整个的
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　　把……用于;献身;致力;专心 2.　　　　　　　 被用于 3.　　　　　　　 包括;包含;由……组成(或构成) 4.　　　　　　　 依靠;取决于 5.　　　　　　　 远非;绝不是 6.　　　　　　　 在内心深处;本质上;实际上 7.　　　　　　　 在意;喜欢 8.　　　　　　　　　　成功地做某事 9.　　　　　　　 想出(尤指不同寻常的计划、主意) 10.　　　　　　　 相应地;转而;依次;轮流 11.　　　　　　　 对……造成伤害 12.　　　　　　　 富含……;……含量高 13.　　　　　　　 转向 14.　　　　　　　 关注 15.　　　　　　　 例如;比如 16.　　　　　　　 实现某人的梦想 17.　　　　　　　 转向;求助于
重 点 句 型 1.确实,他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。(“介词+whom”引导定语从句) Indeed,his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 2.据估算,现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物……[“It+be+过去分词(短语)+that...”句型] Today,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains...
重 点 句 型 3.考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有,人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。(given that引导条件状语从句) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure. 4.他们不能如愿的原因是化学耕作满足了全世界对食物的高要求。(what引导主语从句;that引导同位语从句) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 is the fact 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 for food around the world.
动词、名词变形容词的后缀“-ive”集锦:
①expand→expansive 广阔的;全面的　　　　　　②extension→extensive 广阔的;大规模的
③support→supportive 给予帮助的;支持的 ④protect→protective 保护的
⑤impress→impressive 令人印象深刻的 ⑥attract→attractive 有吸引力的
⑦effect→effective 有效的 ⑧persuade→persuasive 有说服力的
⑨act→active 活跃的 ⑩create→creative 有创造力的
defense→defensive 防御的;保护的 expense→expensive昂贵的
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)It’s 　　　　 (estimate) that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷) Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are—but 　　　　 they do know has raised concerns. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Although these campaigns were 　　　　 (普遍的),the 　　　　 (real) is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)My given name Qiuyu (秋雨),　　　　 instance,happened to be a great challenge for many of them. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Volunteers are also more likely to look after their own health and are more focused 　　　　 adding physical activity into their lives. 6.(2025·浙江1月卷)It really messed up my relationship with food — something that took me years to 　　　　(克服). 7.(2025·浙江1月卷)Led by the concept of “right plant,right place,” they match plants that enjoy the same 　　　　(土壤),sun and weather conditions,and arrange them according to their patterns of growth. 8.(2025·浙江1月卷)Yet as Martin has found in her work,gender is one of the fundamental ways people form connections with objects,particularly those designed with human characteristics (　　　　). 9.(2025·浙江1月卷)“There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through,but I’m not 　　　　 (convince) that food is one of them,” she says. 10.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) “I am not crazy,” says Dr William Farber,　　　　 (short) after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. 11.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Farber,a graduate of Colorado State University,started out as a more 　　　　 (convention) veterinarian.
12.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) You’ll compete with fewer tourists,save money,experience a different side of a popular place,and 　　　　(使增长) the economy when tourism is traditionally slower. 13.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)She says it is 　　　　 (完全必要的) that we keep control of artificial intelligence,or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. 14.(2024·北京卷)Instead,they are 　　　　 (root) in the similarity of basic human needs and our shared mechanisms for learning and problem solving. 15.(2024·浙江1月卷)It would have been easy to rely on my 　　　　 (assume) about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. 16.(2024·全国甲卷)Take your time.It’s important to slow down and think about food as something 　　　　 (nutrition) rather than just something to eat in between meetings. 17.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Within weeks,it had all been 　　　　 (digest),and all that was left was pure water. 18.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)They don’t have to be world-changing,just 　　　　 (方面) of your personality that you’re proud of. 19.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)I post my work on social media and,　　　　 turn,have met some of the kindest people. 20.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Not the pandas,even though the language used 　　　　 the medical training instructions is actually English. 21.(2023·全国乙卷)However,we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset 　　　　 (entire). 22.(2022·全国乙卷)There are 　　　　 (可供选择的事物) to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.devote vt.把……献(给);把……专用于;专心于
①[人物介绍] Mr Wang,a 　　　　 scientist,　　　　 the rest of his life to scientific research and finally his selfless 　　　　 paid off when he made a great breakthrough in his field. (devote)
②[环境保护] 总之,现在是我们应该致力于保护海洋的时候了。
All in all,it is high time that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
③[人物介绍] Yuan Longping devoted himself to studying hybrid rice and he was respected by people all over the world.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,Yuan Longping was respected by people all over the world.(过去分词短语作状语)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,Yuan Longping was respected by people all over the world.(现在分词短语作状语)
2.convince vt.使相信;使确信;说服
①He tried to convince me 　　　　 the news but he couldn’t provide 　　　　 proof. However,I was 　　　　 that he told me the truth.(convince)
②[动作描写] She kept talking for hours,trying to convince her friend 　　　　　　　 (join) the school drama club.
③[心理描写] 盯着镜子,她努力让自己相信她能通过考试,但双手仍在颤抖。
Staring at the mirror,she tried to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,but her hands kept trembling.
④[主旨升华]我坚信诚实的重要性,它有助于建设一个温暖、和谐的社会。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,which will contribute to building a warm and harmonious society.
3.alternative n.可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的;非传统的
①[建议信] In order to refresh yourselves,you can drink a cup of coffee.　　　　 (alternative), you can drink some tea.
②[求助信] I have no alternative but 　　　　　　　　 (ask) for your help—my laptop broke down and the essay is due tomorrow.
③[通知] There’s no alternative but 　　　　　　　　 (postpone) the sports meeting due to the heavy rain.
④[建议信] 乘坐公共汽车是驾车的一种替代方式,能减少碳排放。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and can reduce carbon emissions.
4.in turn 相应地;转而;依次;轮流
①[通知] All students should clean the classroom 　　　　 turns every week.
②During the workshop,participants took turns 　　　　　　　　 (present) their ideas.
③In the past,our parents and teachers helped us in many aspects and 　　　　 turn,we should give them a helping hand from now on.
④[情感描写] 很快,轮到我发言了。面对人群,我非常紧张,以至于忘记了准备好的演讲内容。
Soon,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.Facing the crowd,I was so nervous that I forgot my prepared speech.
5.“It+be+过去分词(短语)+that...”句型
[教材原句] Today,it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains,and his strains have allowed China’s farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year.
据估算,现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物,这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。
①据估计,这场自然灾害造成的总经济损失将超过500万元。
　　　　　　　　　　　　 the total economic loss caused by the natural disaster will exceed five million yuan.
②据说他在全国数学竞赛中获得了一等奖。
　　　　　　　　　　　　 he had won first prize in the National Mathematics Competition.
③[抱怨信] 据估计,60%的学生不赞成这项决定。
　　　　　　　　　　　　 60% of students do not approve of this decision.
6.given that 引导条件状语从句
[教材原句] Given that Yuan’s hybrids made him quite wealthy,one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure.
考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有,人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。
①[传统文化]鉴于您对中国的传统节日端午节非常感兴趣,我写信向您介绍端午节。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　— the Dragon Boat Festival,I am writing to introduce it to you.
②考虑到这对双胞胎没有做母亲节早餐的经验,父亲很乐意帮助她们,脸上洋溢着笑容。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,the father was willing to help them,with a smile spreading on his face.
③[活动介绍]考虑到我们学生需要更多的体育锻炼,我校上周日举行了一次越野赛跑。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,our school organised a cross-country running race last Sunday.
given that 在句中作连词,意思是“考虑到”;given 可用作介词,后跟名词,表示“考虑到;鉴于”。
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] However,①what concerned him most was ②that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.
尝试分析:这是一个主从复合句。①是what引导的　　　　从句,在从句中作　　　　,②是that引导的　　　　从句,其中and连接两个　　　　分句。
自主翻译:
情境仿写:然而,给她留下最深刻印象的是这里优美的风景、热情好客的人们。
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.overcome
A.vt.克服,解决　　　　B.vt.打败,战胜 C.vt.使受巨大影响
①In the final game Sweden easily overcame France.　　　
②They were overcome with great joy at the victory.　　　
③She managed to overcome her shyness,and stepped forwards to introduce herself.　　　
2.yield
A.vt.出产(作物);产生(收益、效益等)
B.vi.屈服;让步
C.v.(受压)活动,变形,折断
D.n.产量;产出
①The corn yield this year is 20% higher than last year.　　　
②Despite our attempts to break it,the lock would not yield.　　　
③She refused to yield to the customer’s unreasonable demands.　　　　
④Favourable weather yields a good harvest.　　　
3.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·浙江1月卷)Compared to traditional garden plots,they increase carbon absorption,reduce stormwater runoff and boost habitat and biodiversity significantly.　　　　　　　
②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain.　　　　　　　
③(2023·全国甲卷)Serving hard-to-find Thai dishes in an elegant atmosphere,the restaurant is true to Thai cuisine’s roots,yet still manages to add a special twist.　　　　　　　
④(2022·新课标Ⅱ卷)But the hearts of those who participated in less intense exercise didn’t change,he says.　　　　　　　
⑤(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Back downtown during a workday,they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.　　　　　　　
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Print texts cannot be 　　　　 (entire) replaced in education.
2.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey,Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) 　　　　 (short) it even more.
3.I have given the matter much thought,examining all the possible 　　　　 (alternative).
4.The scientist’s 　　　　 (devote) to research led to a groundbreaking discovery.
5.The committee is comprised 　　　　 experts from five different fields.
6.Outwardly,she seemed confident but in 　　　　 (real) she felt extremely nervous.
7.Researchers have found clear and 　　　　 (convince) evidence that happiness is the key to better health and longer lives.
8.To work out the problem of water 　　　　 (short),we can try to process the salty water.
9.I was impressed with the 　　　　 (deep) of her knowledge.
10.　　　　 (assume) good weather,the sports meeting will be held on the playground.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 海报—科技与农业—有机蔬菜生产基地
假设你是李华,最近你参加了一个有机蔬菜生产基地的研学活动,请你根据下面的提示信息,用英语为“绿叶”有机蔬菜生产基地写一篇介绍性海报文章。要点如下:
1.坐落于城西;
2.历经20年已经发展成占地1 000多亩的大农场;
3.配备现代化设施,生产过程中不使用任何化肥;
4.蔬菜富含营养;
5.联系方式:Tel: 666888123; E-mail:GreenLeaf@
[场景演练]
1.你是否梦想过每天都可以品尝不使用化肥的有机蔬菜 请到“绿叶”——一个有机蔬菜基地。(organic,fertiliser)
2.它坐落于城西,在过去的二十年里,已经扩展到一个占地1 000多亩的大农场。(be located in,expand,cover)
3.农场配备了先进的设施,还有很多经验丰富的技术员。(be equipped with,advanced, experienced)
4.与其他蔬菜不同的是,这里的蔬菜没有使用任何化肥。(chemical)
5.而且,肥沃的土壤使这些蔬菜充满营养,因此,它们被出口到世界许多国家。(nutrition,export)
6.如果你有兴趣,请用以下方式联系我们:Tel:666888123;E-mail:GreenLeaf@
[句式升级]
1.将第2句用过去分词作状语和现在分词作定语进行改写升级。
2.将第3句用not only引起的部分倒装句型进行改写升级。
3.将第4句用what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句进行改写升级。
4.将第5句用现在分词leaving作结果状语进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
莉萨站在学校礼堂的入口处,心跳加速,手心冒汗。当听到主持人念到她的名字时,她大脑一片空白。她双脚来回挪动,呼吸变得急促。她感到心里七上八下。她紧张得发抖。她强迫自己向前迈步,每一步都让她更加紧张。观众的目光像重物般压在身上,她觉得心脏随时都会跳到嗓子眼。
Lisa stood at the school auditorium entrance.Her ①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
Her mind ②　　　　　　　　 when she heard the host announce her name.
When she ③　　　　　　　　　　　　,her breathing ④　　　　　　　　.
She felt ⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　.
She was trembling ⑥　　　　　　　　.
She forced herself to step forward.Each step ⑦　　　　　　　　　　　　.
The audience’s eyes felt like weights,and she felt her heart ⑧　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 any second.
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.switch 　　　vt.转换;交换 vi.& vt.(使)改变;转变 n.开关;转换器;改变 2.remote adj.远程的;偏远的 3.routine n.常规;正常顺序 adj.常规的;日常的 4.command n.指令;命令;控制 vt.命令;控制 5.obey vi.& vt.服从;遵守 6.leak　　　　　vi.& vt.漏;渗漏;透露 n.漏洞;裂缝;透露 7.nevertheless adv.尽管如此;不过;然而 8.forecast vt.& n.预测;预报 9.hence adv.因此;由此 10.rural adj.乡村的;农村的 11.advocate vt.提倡;支持;拥护 n.提倡者;支持者;拥护者 12.career n.职业;事业 13.essay n.文章
阅 读 词 汇 1.phrase 　　　n.短语;词组 2.knob n.旋钮;球形把手 3.appliance n.电器;器具 4.sensor n.传感器;敏感元件 5.mode n.模式;方式;风格 6.cancer n.癌;癌症;毒瘤 7.structure n.结构;体系 vt.系统安排;精心组织 8.crime n.犯罪活动;不法行为 9.nanobot 　　　n.纳米机器人 10.clone vt.克隆;以无性繁殖技术复制 n.克隆动物(或植物) 11.cease vi.& vt.(使)停止;终止 12.deceased adj.已死的;亡故的 13.prospect n.可能性;前景 14.paragraph n.段;段落 15.signpost n.路标
拓 展 词 汇 1.persuade vt.劝说;说服→persuasion n.劝说;说服→persuasive adj.有说服力的;令人信服的 2.distant adj.遥远的;远处的;疏远的;心不在焉的→distance n.距离;间距;远方→distantly adv.遥远地;疏远地 3.secure adj.安全的;安心的;可靠的;牢固的 vt.获得;拴牢;保护→security n.保护措施;安全工作→securely adv.安全地;牢固地→insecure adj.无把握的;不安全的 4.automatic adj.自动的→automatically adv.自动地;无意识地→automation n.自动化;自动操作 5.integrate vi.& vt.(使)合并;成为一体→integration n.整合;一体化;结合→integrated adj.各部分密切协调的;综合的 6.efficient adj.效率高的;有功效的→efficiency n.效率;效能;功效→efficiently adv.效率高地;有效地 7.preference n.爱好;偏爱→prefer vt.更喜欢;宁愿 8.instant n.瞬间;片刻 adj.立即的;速食的;速溶的→instantly adv.立即;马上 9.warning n.警告;警示;先兆→warn vt.警告;提醒 10.constant adj.不断的;重复的;不变的 n.常数;常量→constantly adv.不断地;时常地 11.abnormal adj.不正常的;反常的→abnormally adv.反常地;变态地→normal adj.正常的 12.critical adj.严重的;关键的;批判性的→criticise vt.批评;评论→criticism n.批评;评论→critically adv.批判地;关键地 13.potential adj.可能的;潜在的 n.潜力;可能性→potentially adv.潜在地;可能地
拓 展 词 汇 14. electrical adj.电的;用电的→electric adj.电的;电动的→electricity n.电;电能 15.wire n.电线;金属丝(或线) vt.接通电源;将……连接到→wired adj.接有电线的;紧张的→wiring n.电线线路;线路系统→wireless adj.无线的 16.detect vt.发现;查明→detective n.侦探 17.relevant adj.有关的;有意义的→relevance n.相关性;意义→relevantly adv.有关地;切题地→irrelevant adj.不相关的;无关紧要的 18.fantasy n.幻想;想象→fantastic adj.极好的;富于想象的 19.innovation n.创新;创造→innovate vi.& vt.创新;改革→innovative adj.创新的;革新的→innovator n.创新者;革新者 20.available adj.可获得的;可购得的;(人)有空的→unavailable adj.难以获得的;不能利用的 21.combine vt.& vi.(使) 结合;混合→combination n.结合;联合;混合→combined adj.结合的;组合的 22.artificial adj.人工的;人造的;假的→artificially adv.人工地;人为地 23. predict vt.预测;预言;预料→prediction n.预测;预言→predictable adj.可预测的;预料中的 24.occupation n.职业;占领→occupy vt.占用;占据;使忙碌 25.oppose vt.反对;抵制;阻挠→opposition n.反对;对手→opponent n.对手;反对者→opposite adj.相反的;对面的 n.对立的人(或物);对立面 26. absence n.不存在;缺乏;缺席→absent adj.缺席的;心不在焉的→absently adv.心不在焉地;出神地 27.emphasis n.强调;重视;重要性→emphasise vt.强调;重视 28.luxury n.奢华→luxurious adj.奢侈的;豪华的 29.resist vi.& vt.抵制;反抗;抵挡→resistance n.抵制;反对;抗拒→resistant adj.抵抗的;有抵抗力的 30.accurate adj.精确的;准确的→accuracy n.精确;准确→accurately adv.精确地;准确地 31.librarian n.图书管理员;图书馆馆长→library n.图书馆;图书室
重 点 词 块 1.in the future　 　　　　在未来 2.switch off/on 关/开(电灯、机器等) 3.early on 在初期;早先 4.daily routine 日常生活 5.catch fire 着火 6.in this sense
(in...sense) 从这种(某种)意义
上来讲 7.artificial intelligence 人工智能 8.respond to 回应;响应 9.on the one hand...on the other hand... 　　　　一方面……,另一方面…… 10.the absence of 缺乏;缺席 11.care about 关心;担心 12.rather than 而不是 13.provide...with... 为……提供…… 14.keep in touch (with...) (与……)保持联系;了解(某课题或领域的情况) 15.be ready for... 为……做好准备
重 点 句 型 1.你一进家门,灯就会亮起,还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目(会自动播放),而且你会发现晚餐已为你准备好了。(the instant引导时间状语从句) Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes,and you will find your dinner already prepared for you. 2.然而,还需要过些年大多数新住宅才会开始使用这种新技术。(It will take+时间段+before从句) Nevertheless,it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology. 3.此外,互联网使朋友和家人即使天各一方也能轻松保持联系。(make+it+adj.+for sb+to do sth) Moreover,the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world. 4.当然,当新技术改变我们的生活方式时,它可能会产生出一个让人担惊受怕的前景。(the way+定语从句) Of course,when new technology changes the way we live,it can be a scary prospect.
动词、名词变形容词的后缀“-al”集锦:
①convention→conventional 传统的;习惯的　　②person→personal 个人的;私人的
③tradition→traditional 传统的 ④function→functional 功能的;实用的
⑤nation→national 国家的;民族的 ⑥globe→global 全球的
⑦education→educational 有教育意义的 ⑧emotion→emotional 情绪的;情感的
⑨addition→additional 额外的;附加的 ⑩fiction→fictional 虚构的
origin→original 原来的;起初的
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷) As a new unit started,I asked everyone to write a persuasive (persuade) piece on a health-related topic of their choice. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷) My wife suggested I get in touch with my brother,but I resisted (resist),thinking he should call first. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes (方式) of transport. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Most of the essays (essay) filled less than one page,and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis statement. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)In an instant(片刻),a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase. 6.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Toby was his constant (不变的) companion,the one who kept him going. 7.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Still,the findings show a potential(潜在的)path forward for reducing microplastic exposure—a task that’s becoming increasingly difficult. 8.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live,thanks to the absence (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky afternoons with lots of fresh air. 9.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) Nevertheless(然而),it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability,and... 10.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa,where the phrase (词组)“there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time. 11.(2025·浙江1月卷)Keeping your message simple and clear will make it easier for people to understand (会让人更容易理解). 12.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)There is a warning (warn) for strong winds up to 100 kilometers per hour. 13.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Though they are useful for detecting (detect) shifts in the number and variety of species in an area,a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect. 14.(2024·浙江1月卷)To Eva,“a mile” was used to describe long distances (distant). 15.(2024·浙江1月卷)Her efforts were noticed by the teacher,who praised her innovative (innovation) thinking. 16.(2024·北京卷)Signing up for the programme does not automatically (automatic) mean that you will be able to register and participate. 17.(2024·北京卷)Philip Tate has studied the track records of those folks on the Sunday talk shows who make predictions (predict) about what will happen. 18.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)If,for whatever reasons,people’s errors become correlated or dependent,the accuracy (accurate) of the estimate will go down. 19.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) With the right combination (combine) of animals and plants,he figured,maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. 20.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)In this “book of books”,artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasises (emphasis) these connections between different eras and cultures. 21.(2023·浙江1月卷)I stuffed a piece of cloth into the hole and took her outside,closing the door securely (secure) behind me. 22.(2023·浙江1月卷) With gas prices rising and airport security (secure) lines snaking longer than ever,why not book your next domestic vacation on a train
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.persuade vt.劝说;说服
①[动作描写] She pulled out a photo album and persuaded her grandpa to tell (tell) stories about the old days.
②The children did everything they could to persuade the family of the plan’s benefits.
③She tried to persuade her friend Bob with logical arguments,believing that the power of persuasion lies in clear reasoning,and her persuasive words finally made Bob change his mind.
(persuade)
④[倡议书]学生会发起了一项运动,以说服当地居民减少他们的碳足迹。
The Students’ Union launched a campaign to persuade local residents to reduce/into reducing their carbon footprints.
2.command n.指令;命令;控制 vt.命令;控制
①The boss commanded that we (should) finish (finish) the work as scheduled.
②[动作描写] The strict father commanded his son to apologise (apologise) to the neighbour for breaking the window.
③The commander who wanted to take command of the situation commanded that the soldiers should cross the river immediately despite the bad weather.(command)
④[申请信]我写信申请成为您的助教,因为我不仅精通英语,而且善于和其他人交流。
I am writing to apply to be your teaching assistant,because not only do I have a good command of English but also I am good at communicating with others.
表示“坚持”“命令”“建议”“要求”等含义的词后接宾语从句,从句要用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”。
3.relevant adj.有关的;有意义的;切题的
①[演讲稿] We should not be distracted by matters that are irrelevant (relevant) to our main goal.Instead,we must focus on what truly counts.
②The environmental protection we advocate is highly relevant to our future generations’ well-being.
③[倡议信] 定期锻炼与我们的身心健康有重大关系。让我们都养成每天锻炼的习惯。
Regular exercise is greatly relevant to/of great relevance to our physical and mental health.Let’s all make it a habit to work out every day.
4.combine vt.& vi.(使)结合;混合
①I’m sure this combination (combine) of work and learning will make for a summer that is both productive and meaningful.
②Combined (combine) with the pleasant climate and tasty food,the beautiful scenery made our visit more enjoyable.
③[建议信] You’d better combine exercise with a healthy diet (把运动和健康饮食结合起来).
Only when exercise is combined with a healthy diet (只有运动与健康饮食相结合时) can you keep really fit.
5.oppose vt.反对;抵制;阻挠
①A lot of people were opposed to building a new hall,hence the government took their opposition into consideration and opposed the proposal.(oppose)
②[建议信] I oppose building (build) the power plant near the community.It may bring noise and environmental pollution.
③To my annoyance,the person sitting opposite me is strongly opposed to my suggestions.
(oppose)
④[心理描写] Because all of my friends were opposed to my plan,I couldn’t resist sobbing,hiding my face in my hands.
→With all of my friends opposed to my plan,I couldn’t resist sobbing,hiding my face in hands.(with复合结构)
→All of my friends opposed to my plan,I couldn’t resist sobbing,hiding my face in hands.(独立主格结构)
oppose后面可接动名词作宾语,不可接动词不定式。be opposed to 结构中,to 为介词,其后跟动词时,要用动名词形式。
6.absence n.不存在;缺乏;缺席
①[心理描写] In the absence of any good news,she began to feel anxious and worried.
②Our monitor was absent from school today,and his absence was due to a high fever.In his absence,our English teacher started a new chapter.(absent)
③[道歉信] 我写信向你道歉,因为上周末我没能参加你的生日派对。
I’m writing to apologise to you for being absent from your birthday party last weekend.
7.resist vi.& vt.抵制;反抗;抵挡
①[心理描写] His heart was filled with resistance to the idea of leaving home,yet he knew it was time to chase his dream.
②She resisted staying (stay) up late although there were lots of interesting TV shows.
③购物时,人们常常忍不住买一些根本不需要的东西。
When shopping,people often can’t resist buying something they don’t really need.
8.keep in touch(with...) (与……)保持联系;了解(某课题或领域的情况)
[日记] I lost touch with (与……失去联系) most of my classmates after graduation.And we were out of touch (失去联系 ) for 7 years.A month ago,we got in touch with (与……取得联系) each other again.Even though we live in different cities now,we promise to keep in touch (保持联系) by texting each other every week.
9.It will take+时间段+before从句
[教材原句] Nevertheless,it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology.
然而,还需要过些年大多数新住宅才会开始使用这种新技术。
①[心理描写] It wasn’t long before (没过多久) her initial anxiety turned into confidence,as she practised the speech daily.
②[建议信] It will take at least a month (至少需要一个月) before the new study method proves effective,so please be patient.
③If you miss this chance,it may be years before (可能要过数年才) you get another one.
④[主旨升华] It won’t be long before (过不了多久) your efforts bear fruit,for success is the sum of small consistent steps.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] However, in the not-too-distant future, we will be living in smart homes ①that will lock the door for us ②when we are away and remember to switch off the TV ③when we forget.
尝试分析:本句是复合句。句子主干为we will be living in smart homes,使用了将来进行时,表示将来正在进行的动作。①是that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词smart homes,that在从句中作主语,②和③是定语从句中包含的两个由when引导的时间状语从句。
自主翻译:然而在不久的将来,我们将生活在智能的家里。智能的家会在我们外出时锁好家门,会在我们忘记关掉电视的时候替我们关上。
情境仿写:将来,我们将生活在一个先进的房子里,它会在我们想听音乐时自动播放音乐,在我们饥饿的时候,为我们端上可口的食物。
In the future,we will be living in an advanced house which will broadcast music automatically when we want to listen to music and serve delicious food when we are hungry.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.secure
A.vt.(尤指经过努力)获得;取得
B.vt.拴牢;扣紧
C.vt.保护;保卫;使安全
D.adj. 安心的;可靠的
①She secured the rope firmly to the back of the car.　B　
②The contract aims to secure the rights of both employers and employees.　C　
③She managed to secure a place at her ideal university through years of hard work.　A　
④At last they were able to feel secure about the future.　D　
2.command
A.n.掌握;运用能力　　　　B.vt.俯瞰
C.vt.应得;博得;值得 D.n.命令
①You must obey the captain’s commands.　D　
②She has a good command of English grammar,which helps her express herself accurately in writing.　A　
③The hotel commands a fine view of the valley.　B　
④His excellent performance in the competition commands everyone’s respect.　C　
3.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·浙江1月卷)Interlibrary loan is not available to former students,guest borrowers or fee-card holders.adj.可获得的
②(2025·浙江1月卷)She is critical of the way she was fed.adj.批判性的
③(2023·浙江1月卷)Perhaps your household won’t entirely make the switch,but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire.n.改变
④(2022·全国甲卷)However,after I went to high school,somehow I became distant from him.adj.疏远的;冷淡的
⑤Stephen soon integrated into our family and lived a happy life with us.vi.融入
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·浙江1月卷)The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom,as opposed (oppose) to a restaurant where...
2.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases,the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate (accuracy).
3.(2022·新课标Ⅰ卷)Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence (absent) will be accepted.
4.(2022·全国乙卷) Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient (efficiency) across the board.
5.(2022·全国甲卷) I took the dogs out four times a day,and I worried that Tilly constantly (constant) climbing the stairs could reopen the wound.
6.I suggest selecting books relevant to students’ interests to encourage more reading in the library.
7.His abnormal (normal) calm before the competition made me realise he had prepared thoroughly.
8.The teacher issued a warning(warn) to the students about the consequences of cheating in the coming exam.
9.The coach raised his hand,commanding the players to gather (gather) for a final strategy discussion before the match.
10.He advocated building (build) more good roads to promote the development of the villages.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 演讲稿—科技与生活—智能家居的影响
　　假设你是李华,今天轮到你在英语课上做英语演讲。请你用英语写一篇关于智能家居对人们生活的影响的演讲稿。
[场景演练]
1.今天,我想谈谈智能家居——它在我们日常生活中的神奇之处。(routine)
Today,I want to talk about smart home—its magic in our daily routines.
2.在我到家之前,我会用手机软件打开空调,它让房间温度变得舒适。(switch)
Before I get home,I use the mobile app to switch on the air conditioner and it makes the room temperature cosy.
3.墙上的传感器能够检测到线路异常,并向我的手机发送警报,以防火灾发生。(detect,abnormal,wiring,warning)
Sensors in the walls can detect abnormal wiring and send warnings to my phone to prevent fires.
4.当我阅读或睡觉时,自动模式会调节灯光和温度。(automatic,mode)
The automatic mode adjusts lights and temperatures when I read or sleep.
5.它完美契合我的喜好。(preference)
It fits my preferences perfectly.
6.这个集成系统不仅仅带来便利,它还保障我们的安全,节省我们的时间。(integrate,secure)
This integrated system isn’t just about convenience—it secures our safety and saves our time.
7.智能家居不仅仅是电器,它是一项让生活更轻松、更安全、更幸福的创新。让我们拥抱这一变革,迈向更智能化的未来!(appliance,innovation)
Smart home is more than appliances; it’s an innovation that makes life easier,safer,and happier.
Let’s embrace this change and move to a smarter future!
[句式升级]
1.将第2句用含有非限制性定语从句的主从复合句进行改写升级。
Before I get home,I use the mobile app to switch on the air conditioner,which makes the room temperature cosy.
2.将第4句和第5句用现在分词作状语进行改写升级。
The automatic mode adjusts lights and temperatures when I read or sleep,fitting my preferences perfectly.
[连句成篇]
Smart Home: A Smart Step to Better Life
Good morning,everyone.Today,I want to talk about smart home—its magic in our daily routines.
Before I get home,I use the mobile app to switch on the air conditioner,which makes the room temperature cosy.Sensors in the walls can detect abnormal wiring and send warnings to my phone to prevent fires.The automatic mode adjusts lights and temperatures when I read or sleep,fitting my preferences perfectly.This integrated system isn’t just about convenience—it secures our safety and saves our time.Smart home is more than appliances; it’s an innovation that makes life easier,safer,and happier.
Let’s embrace this change and move to a smarter future! Thank you!
萨拉听到自己被宣布为获胜者。她面带微笑,这笑容很快化作咧嘴大笑。她喜笑颜开。眼里闪烁着快乐的光芒,她蹦跳着走向舞台,幸福的泪水滑落。朋友们纷纷拥抱她。大家疯狂地拍手,跳上跳下,沉浸在喜悦中。
Sarah heard her name called as the winner.
She ①wore a smiling face and it quickly became ②a broad grin.
Her face beamed with joy.
Her eyes were ③twinkling with happiness.
She ④skipped towards the stage and tears of joy fell.
Her friends threw arms around her.
They clapped hands wildly,and they all ⑤bounced up and down.All of them ⑥were immersed in joy.
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　　　vt.转换;交换 vi.& vt.(使)改变;转变 n.开关;转换器;改变 2.　　　　 adj.远程的;偏远的 3.　　　　 n.常规;正常顺序 adj.常规的;日常的 4.　　　　 n.指令;命令;控制 vt.命令;控制 5.　　　　 vi.& vt.服从;遵守 6.　　　　　　　　vi.& vt.漏;渗漏;透露 n.漏洞;裂缝;透露 7.　　　　 adv.尽管如此;不过;然而 8.　　　　 vt.& n.预测;预报 9.　　　　 adv.因此;由此 10.　　　　 adj.乡村的;农村的 11.　　　　 vt.提倡;支持;拥护 n.提倡者;支持者;拥护者 12.　　　　 n.职业;事业 13.　　　　 n.文章
阅 读 词 汇 1.phrase　　　n.　　　　　　　 2.knob n.　　　　　　　 3.appliance n.　　　　　　　 4.sensor n.　　　　　　　 5.mode n.　　　　　　　 6.cancer n.　　　　　　　 7.structure n.　　　　　　　 vt.　　　　　　　 8.crime n.　　　　　　　 9.nanobot　　　n.　　　　　　　 10.clone vt.　　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 11.cease vi.& vt.　　　　　　　 12.deceased adj.　　　　　　　 13.prospect n.　　　　　　　 14.paragraph n.　　　　　　　 15.signpost n.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 vt.劝说;说服→　　　　 n.劝说;说服→　　　　 adj.有说服力的;令人信服的 2.　　　　 adj.遥远的;远处的;疏远的;心不在焉的→　　　　 n.距离;间距;远方→　　　　 adv.遥远地;疏远地 3.　　　　 adj.安全的;安心的;可靠的;牢固的 vt.获得;拴牢;保护→　　　　 n.保护措施;安全工作→　　　　 adv.安全地;牢固地→　　　　 adj.无把握的;不安全的 4.　　　　 adj.自动的→　　　　 adv.自动地;无意识地→　　　　 n.自动化;自动操作 5.　　　　 vi.& vt.(使)合并;成为一体→　　　　 n.整合;一体化;结合→　　　　 adj.各部分密切协调的;综合的 6.　　　　adj.效率高的;有功效的→　　　　 n.效率;效能;功效→　　　　 adv.效率高地;有效地 7.　　　　 n.爱好;偏爱→　　　　 vt.更喜欢;宁愿 8.　　　　 n.瞬间;片刻 adj.立即的;速食的;速溶的→　　　　 adv.立即;马上 9.　　　　 n.警告;警示;先兆→　　　　 vt.警告;提醒
拓 展 词 汇 10.　　　　 adj.不断的;重复的;不变的 n.常数;常量→　　　　 adv.不断地;时常地 11.　　　　 adj.不正常的;反常的→　　　　 adv.反常地;变态地→　　　　 adj.正常的 12.　　　　 adj.严重的;关键的;批判性的→　　　　 vt.批评;评论→　　　　 n.批评;评论→　　　　 adv.批判地;关键地 13.　　　　 adj.可能的;潜在的 n.潜力;可能性→　　　　 adv.潜在地;可能地 14.　　　　 adj.电的;用电的→　　　　 adj.电的;电动的→　　　　 n.电;电能 15.　　　　 n.电线;金属丝(或线) vt.接通电源;将……连接到→　　　　 adj.接有电线的;紧张的→　　　　 n.电线线路;线路系统→　　　　 adj.无线的 16.　　　　 vt.发现;查明→　　　　 n.侦探 17.　　　　 adj.有关的;有意义的→　　　　 n.相关性;意义→　　　　adv.有关地;切题地→　　　　 adj.不相关的;无关紧要的 18.　　　　 n.幻想;想象→　　　　 adj.极好的;富于想象的 19.　　　　 n.创新;创造→　　　　 vi.& vt.创新;改革→　　　　 adj.创新的;革新的→　　　　 n.创新者;革新者 20.　　　　 adj.可获得的;可购得的;(人)有空的→　　　　 adj.难以获得的;不能利用的 21.　　　　 vt.& vi.(使) 结合;混合→　　　　 n.结合;联合;混合→　　　　 adj.结合的;组合的 22.　　　　adj.人工的;人造的;假的→　　　　 adv.人工地;人为地 23.　　　　 vt.预测;预言;预料→　　　　 n.预测;预言→　　　　 adj.可预测的;预料中的 24.　　　　 n.职业;占领→　　　　 vt.占用;占据;使忙碌 25.　　　　 vt.反对;抵制;阻挠→　　　　 n.反对;对手→　　　　 n.对手;反对者→　　　　 adj.相反的;对面的 n.对立的人(或物);对立面 26.　　　　 n.不存在;缺乏;缺席→　　　　 adj.缺席的;心不在焉的→　　　　 adv.心不在焉地;出神地 27.　　　　 n.强调;重视;重要性→　　　　 vt.强调;重视 28.　　　　 n.奢华→　　　　 adj.奢侈的;豪华的 29.　　　　 vi.& vt.抵制;反抗;抵挡→　　　　 n.抵制;反对;抗拒→　　　　 adj.抵抗的;有抵抗力的 30.　　　　 adj.精确的;准确的→　　　　 n.精确;准确→　　　　 adv.精确地;准确地 31.　　　　 n.图书管理员;图书馆馆长→　　　　 n.图书馆;图书室
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　　　在未来 2.　　　　　　　 关/开(电灯、机器等) 3.　　　　　　　 在初期;早先 4.　　　　　　　　 日常生活 5.　　　　　　　 着火 6.　　　　　　　 从这种(某种)意义上来讲 7.　　　　　　　 人工智能 8.　　　　　　　 回应;响应 9.　　　　　　　　　　一方面……,另一方面…… 10.　　　　　　　 缺乏;缺席 11.　　　　　　　 关心;担心 12.　　　　　　　 而不是 13.　　　　　　　 为……提供…… 14.　　　　　　　 (与……)保持联系;了解(某课题或领域的情况) 15.　　　　　　　 为……做好准备
重 点 句 型 1.你一进家门,灯就会亮起,还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目(会自动播放),而且你会发现晚餐已为你准备好了。(the instant引导时间状语从句) Your lights will come on 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 along with your favourite music or TV programmes,and you will find your dinner already prepared for you. 2.然而,还需要过些年大多数新住宅才会开始使用这种新技术。(It will take+时间段+before从句) Nevertheless,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 most new homes begin to use this new technology. 3.此外,互联网使朋友和家人即使天各一方也能轻松保持联系。(make+it+adj.+for sb+to do sth) Moreover,the Internet has 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 even if they are on opposite sides of the world. 4.当然,当新技术改变我们的生活方式时,它可能会产生出一个让人担惊受怕的前景。(the way+定语从句) Of course,when new technology changes 　　　　　　　　　　　　,it can be a scary prospect.
动词、名词变形容词的后缀“-al”集锦:
①convention→conventional 传统的;习惯的　　②person→personal 个人的;私人的
③tradition→traditional 传统的 ④function→functional 功能的;实用的
⑤nation→national 国家的;民族的 ⑥globe→global 全球的
⑦education→educational 有教育意义的 ⑧emotion→emotional 情绪的;情感的
⑨addition→additional 额外的;附加的 ⑩fiction→fictional 虚构的
origin→original 原来的;起初的
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷) As a new unit started,I asked everyone to write a 　　　　 (persuade) piece on a health-related topic of their choice. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷) My wife suggested I get in touch with my brother,but I 　　　　 (resist), thinking he should call first. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes (　　　　) of transport. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Most of the 　　　　 (essay) filled less than one page,and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis statement. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)In an 　　　　(片刻),a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase. 6.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Toby was his 　　　　 (不变的) companion,the one who kept him going. 7.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Still,the findings show a 　　　　(潜在的)path forward for reducing microplastic exposure—a task that’s becoming increasingly difficult. 8.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live,thanks to the 　　　　 (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky afternoons with lots of fresh air. 9.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) 　　　　(然而),it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability,and... 10.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa,where the phrase (　　　　)“there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time.
11.(2025·浙江1月卷)Keeping your message simple and clear will 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (会让人更容易理解). 12.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)There is a 　　　　 (warn) for strong winds up to 100 kilometers per hour. 13.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Though they are useful for 　　　　 (detect) shifts in the number and variety of species in an area,a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect. 14.(2024·浙江1月卷)To Eva,“a mile” was used to describe long 　　　　 (distant). 15.(2024·浙江1月卷)Her efforts were noticed by the teacher,who praised her 　　　　 (innovation) thinking. 16.(2024·北京卷)Signing up for the programme does not 　　　　 (automatic) mean that you will be able to register and participate. 17.(2024·北京卷)Philip Tate has studied the track records of those folks on the Sunday talk shows who make 　　　　 (predict) about what will happen. 18.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)If,for whatever reasons,people’s errors become correlated or dependent,the 　　　　 (accurate) of the estimate will go down. 19.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) With the right 　　　　 (combine) of animals and plants,he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. 20.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)In this “book of books”,artworks are selected and arranged in a way that 　　　　 (emphasis) these connections between different eras and cultures. 21.(2023·浙江1月卷)I stuffed a piece of cloth into the hole and took her outside,closing the door 　　　　 (secure) behind me. 22.(2023·浙江1月卷) With gas prices rising and airport 　　　　 (secure) lines snaking longer than ever,why not book your next domestic vacation on a train
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.persuade vt.劝说;说服
①[动作描写] She pulled out a photo album and persuaded her grandpa 　　　　　　　　 (tell) stories about the old days.
②The children did everything they could to persuade the family 　　　　 the plan’s benefits.
③She tried to 　　　　 her friend Bob with logical arguments,believing that the power of 　　　　 lies in clear reasoning,and her 　　　　 words finally made Bob change his mind.(persuade)
④[倡议书]学生会发起了一项运动,以说服当地居民减少他们的碳足迹。
The Students’ Union launched a campaign 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　.
2.command n.指令;命令;控制 vt.命令;控制
①The boss commanded that we　　　　　　(finish) the work as scheduled.
②[动作描写] The strict father commanded his son 　　　　　　　　 (apologise) to the neighbour for breaking the window.
③The 　　　　 who wanted to take 　　　　 of the situation 　　　　 that the soldiers should cross the river immediately despite the bad weather.(command)
④[申请信]我写信申请成为您的助教,因为我不仅精通英语,而且善于和其他人交流。
I am writing to apply to be your teaching assistant,because not only 　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　 but also I am good at communicating with others.
表示“坚持”“命令”“建议”“要求”等含义的词后接宾语从句,从句要用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”。
3.relevant adj.有关的;有意义的;切题的
①[演讲稿] We should not be distracted by matters that are 　　　　 (relevant) to our main goal.Instead,we must focus on what truly counts.
②The environmental protection we advocate is highly relevant 　　　　 our future generations’ well-being.
③[倡议信] 定期锻炼与我们的身心健康有重大关系。让我们都养成每天锻炼的习惯。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.Let’s all make it a habit to work out every day.
4.combine vt.& vi.(使)结合;混合
①I’m sure this 　　　　 (combine) of work and learning will make for a summer that is both productive and meaningful.
②　　　　 (combine) with the pleasant climate and tasty food,the beautiful scenery made our visit more enjoyable.
③[建议信] You’d better 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (把运动和健康饮食结合起来).Only when 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (只有运动与健康饮食相结合时) can you keep really fit.
5.oppose vt.反对;抵制;阻挠
①A lot of people were 　　　　 to building a new hall,hence the government took their 　　　　 into consideration and 　　　　 the proposal.(oppose)
②[建议信] I oppose 　　　　 (build) the power plant near the community.It may bring noise and environmental pollution.
③To my annoyance,the person sitting 　　　　 me is strongly 　　　　 to my suggestions. (oppose)
④[心理描写] Because all of my friends were opposed to my plan,I couldn’t resist sobbing,hiding my face in my hands.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I couldn’t resist sobbing,hiding my face in hands.(with复合结构)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I couldn’t resist sobbing,hiding my face in hands.(独立主格结构)
oppose后面可接动名词作宾语,不可接动词不定式。be opposed to 结构中,to 为介词,其后跟动词时,要用动名词形式。
6.absence n.不存在;缺乏;缺席
①[心理描写] 　　　　 the absence of any good news,she began to feel anxious and worried.
②Our monitor was 　　　　 from school today,and his 　　　　 was due to a high fever.In his 　　　　,our English teacher started a new chapter.(absent)
③[道歉信] 我写信向你道歉,因为上周末我没能参加你的生日派对。
I’m writing to apologise to you for 　　　　　　　　　　　　 your birthday party last weekend.
7.resist vi.& vt.抵制;反抗;抵挡
①[心理描写] His heart was filled with resistance 　　　　 the idea of leaving home,yet he knew it was time to chase his dream.
②She resisted 　　　　 (stay) up late although there were lots of interesting TV shows.
③购物时,人们常常忍不住买一些根本不需要的东西。
When shopping,people often 　　　　　　　　　　　　 something they don’t really need.
8.keep in touch(with...) (与……)保持联系;了解(某课题或领域的情况)
[日记] I 　　　　　　　　　　　 (与……失去联系) most of my classmates after graduation. And we 　　　　　　　　　　　 (失去联系 ) for 7 years.A month ago,we 　　　　　　　　
　　　　 (与……取得联系) each other again.Even though we live in different cities now,we promise to 　　　　　　　　　　　 (保持联系) by texting each other every week.
9.It will take+时间段+before从句
[教材原句] Nevertheless,it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology.
然而,还需要过些年大多数新住宅才会开始使用这种新技术。
①[心理描写] 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (没过多久) her initial anxiety turned into confidence,as she practised the speech daily.
②[建议信] It 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (至少需要一个月) before the new study method proves effective,so please be patient.
③If you miss this chance,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (可能要过数年才) you get another one.
④[主旨升华] 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (过不了多久) your efforts bear fruit,for success is the sum of small consistent steps.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] However, in the not-too-distant future, we will be living in smart homes ①that will lock the door for us ②when we are away and remember to switch off the TV ③when we forget.
尝试分析:本句是复合句。句子主干为we will be living in smart homes,使用了　　　　时,表示将来正在进行的动作。①是that引导的　　　　从句,修饰先行词smart homes,that在从句中作　　　　,②和③是定语从句中包含的两个由when引导的　　　　从句。
自主翻译:
情境仿写:将来,我们将生活在一个先进的房子里,它会在我们想听音乐时自动播放音乐,在我们饥饿的时候,为我们端上可口的食物。
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.secure
A.vt.(尤指经过努力)获得;取得
B.vt.拴牢;扣紧
C.vt.保护;保卫;使安全
D.adj. 安心的;可靠的
①She secured the rope firmly to the back of the car.　　　
②The contract aims to secure the rights of both employers and employees.　　　
③She managed to secure a place at her ideal university through years of hard work.　　　　
④At last they were able to feel secure about the future.　　　　
2.command
A.n.掌握;运用能力　　　　B.vt.俯瞰 C.vt.应得;博得;值得 D.n.命令
①You must obey the captain’s commands.　　　
②She has a good command of English grammar,which helps her express herself accurately in writing.　　　
③The hotel commands a fine view of the valley.　　　
④His excellent performance in the competition commands everyone’s respect.　　　
3.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·浙江1月卷)Interlibrary loan is not available to former students,guest borrowers or fee-card holders.　　　　　　　
②(2025·浙江1月卷)She is critical of the way she was fed.　　　　　　　
③(2023·浙江1月卷)Perhaps your household won’t entirely make the switch,but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire.　　　　　　　
④(2022·全国甲卷)However,after I went to high school,somehow I became distant from him.　　　　　　　
⑤Stephen soon integrated into our family and lived a happy life with us.　　　　　　　
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·浙江1月卷)The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom,as 　　　　 (oppose) to a restaurant where...
2.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases,the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite 　　　　 (accuracy).
3.(2022·新课标Ⅰ卷)Short writings missed as a result of an excused 　　　　 (absent) will be accepted.
4.(2022·全国乙卷) Costs would be cut and operations would be more 　　　　 (efficiency) across the board.
5.(2022·全国甲卷) I took the dogs out four times a day,and I worried that Tilly 　　　　 (constant) climbing the stairs could reopen the wound.
6.I suggest selecting books relevant 　　　　 students’ interests to encourage more reading in the library.
7.His 　　　　 (normal) calm before the competition made me realise he had prepared thoroughly.
8.The teacher issued a 　　　　(warn) to the students about the consequences of cheating in the coming exam.
9.The coach raised his hand,commanding the players 　　　　　　　　 (gather) for a final strategy discussion before the match.
10.He advocated 　　　　 (build) more good roads to promote the development of the villages.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 演讲稿—科技与生活—智能家居的影响
　　假设你是李华,今天轮到你在英语课上做英语演讲。请你用英语写一篇关于智能家居对人们生活的影响的演讲稿。
[场景演练]
1.今天,我想谈谈智能家居——它在我们日常生活中的神奇之处。(routine)
2.在我到家之前,我会用手机软件打开空调,它让房间温度变得舒适。(switch)
3.墙上的传感器能够检测到线路异常,并向我的手机发送警报,以防火灾发生。(detect,abnormal,wiring,warning)
4.当我阅读或睡觉时,自动模式会调节灯光和温度。(automatic,mode)
5.它完美契合我的喜好。(preference)
6.这个集成系统不仅仅带来便利,它还保障我们的安全,节省我们的时间。(integrate,secure)
7.智能家居不仅仅是电器,它是一项让生活更轻松、更安全、更幸福的创新。让我们拥抱这一变革,迈向更智能化的未来!(appliance,innovation)
[句式升级]
1.将第2句用含有非限制性定语从句的主从复合句进行改写升级。
2.将第4句和第5句用现在分词作状语进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
萨拉听到自己被宣布为获胜者。她面带微笑,这笑容很快化作咧嘴大笑。她喜笑颜开。眼里闪烁着快乐的光芒,她蹦跳着走向舞台,幸福的泪水滑落。朋友们纷纷拥抱她。大家疯狂地拍手,跳上跳下,沉浸在喜悦中。
Sarah heard her name called as the winner.
She ①　　　　　　　　　　　　 and it quickly became ②　　　　　　　　.
Her face beamed with joy.
Her eyes were ③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
She ④　　　　　　　　　　　　 and tears of joy fell.
Her friends threw arms around her.
They clapped hands wildly,and they all ⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.All of them ⑥　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　　　adj.必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的 2.　　　　 vt.(尤指经努力)获得;赢得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在;流行 3.　　　　 n.失败;挫败 vt.击败;战胜 4.　　　　 vi.& vt.坚持;坚决要求 5.　　　　 adv.主要地;一般地 6.　　　　 vi.& vt.(　　　　,　　　　) 迅速离开;逃跑 7.　　　　 n.[usually pl.]条件;环境;状况 8.　　　　 n.流;流动;流畅;供应 vi.流;流动 9.　　　　　　vt.创建;建立;把……建立在 10.　　　　 adj.众多的;许多的 11.　　　　 adj.不一般的;非凡的;意想不到的 12.　　　　 vt.偶然碰到;遇到 n.邂逅;遭遇 13.　　　　 vt.& vi.哀悼;忧伤 14.　　　　 n.方法;技巧;装置;仪器 15.　　　　 vi.总结;概括 n.金额;款项;总数;总和 16.　　　　 n.草稿;草案 vt.起草;草拟
阅 读 词 汇 1.physiology　　　n.　　　　　　　 2.artemisinin n.　　　　　　　 3.malaria n.　　　　　　　 4.property n.　　　　　　　 5.extract n.　　　　　　　 vt.　　　　　　　 6.wormwood n.　　　　　　　 7.liquid n.　　　　　　　 adj.　　　　　　　 8.substance n.　　　　　　　 9.penicillin n.　　　　　　　 10.chart n.　　　　　　　 vt.　　　　　　　 11.theory　　　　n. 　　　　　　 12.formula n.　　　　　　　 13.genius n.(pl.geniuses) 　　　　　　　 14.patent n.　　　　　　　 adj.　　　　　　　 15.doctorate n.　　　　　　　 16.photoelectric adj.　　　　　　　 17.institution n.　　　　　　　 18.institute n.　　　　　　　 19.moustache n.　　　　　　　 20.peculiarity n.　　　　　　　 21.professor n.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 adj.至关重要的;关键性的→　　　　 adv.关键地;至关重要地 2.　　　　 vt.承诺;保证 vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→　　　　 adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的→　　　　 n.承诺;奉献;投入 3.　　　　 n.(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院;学会;专科院校→　　　　 adj.学业的;学术的→　　　　 adv.学术上地;学业上 4.　　　　 n.目标;目的 adj.客观的→　　　　 n.物体;目标;对象 v.反对→　　　　 n.反对;异议→　　　　 adv.客观地 5.　　　　 adj.植物学的→　　　　 n.植物学→　　　　 n.植物学家 6.　　　　 vt.评价;评估→　 　 n.评价;评估 7.　　　　 adj.清晰的;清楚的;有区别的→　　　　 n.差别;区分→　　　　 adv.清楚地 8.　　　　 vt.& vi.(使)沸腾;煮开;烧开 n.沸腾;沸点→　　　　 adj.沸腾的;酷热的→　　　　 adj.煮熟的→　　　　 n.锅炉;热水器 9.　　　　 vt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢→　　　　 adj.公认的→　　　　 n.承认;感谢 10.　　　　 vt.分析→　　　　 n.[pl.analyses]分析 11.　　　　 adv.显而易见;看来;显然→　　　　 adj.显然的;表面上的 12.　　　　 adj.科学(上)的;关于科学的→　　　　 n.科学→　　　　 n.科学家 13.　　　　 n.结论;推论→　　　　 v.结束;断定;推断出→　　　　 adj.决定性的 14.　　　　 n.(长篇)小说→　　　　 n.小说家→　　　　 n.新奇;新奇事物 15.　　　　 vt.推断;推定→　　　　 n.推断;结论 16.　　　　 n.从政者;政治家;政客→ 　　　　 n.政治→　　　　 adj.政治(上)的 17.　　　　 n.相对论;相对性→　　　　 adj.相对的→　　　　 adv.相对地 18.　　　　 adj.温柔的;文静的→　　　　 adv.温柔地;文静地 19.　　　　 n.酷爱;激情→　　　　 adj.酷爱的;激情的→　　　　 adv.酷爱地;激情地 20.　　　　 adv.逐渐地;逐步地→　　　　 adj.逐渐的;逐步的 21.　　　　 n.结果;后果→　　　　 adj.随之发生的;作为结果的→　　　　 adv.因此;结果 22.　　　　 adj.非凡的;显著的→　　　　 adv.显著地;非凡地→　　　　 n.言论;评论
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　　　导致 2.　　　　　　　 承诺;保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等) 3.　　　　　　　 起初 4.　　　　　　　 一批;一堆 5.　　　　　　　 坚决要求 6.　　　　　　　 (开始)掌权;上台 7.　　　　　　　　　　结果;因此 8.　　　　　　　 担任;任职 9.　　　　　　　 总结;概括 10.　　　　　　　 旨在 11.　　　　　　　 陷入困境 12.　　　　　　　 偶然 13.　　　　　　　 确保
重 点 句 型 1.随后,该药物试用于疟疾患者,其中大多数人康复了。(“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句) Later,the medicine was tested on malaria patients,　　　　　　　　　　　　. 2.当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,她说:“这份荣誉不仅仅属于我……” (on/upon doing sth结构) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,she said,“The honour is not just mine...”
重 点 句 型 3.他为世界作出了无数的贡献,最为出名的当数广义相对论和著名的方程式E=mc2。(独立主格结构) He made numerous contributions to the world,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 4.1955年4月18日,噩耗传来爱因斯坦与世长辞,全世界都哀悼一代科学巨星的陨落。(it is reported that) On 18 April 1955,　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　,and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist.
动词、名词变形容词的后缀“-able/-ible”集锦:
①remark→remarkable非凡的　　②value→valuable有价值的　　③accept→acceptable可接受的
④comfort→comfortable舒适的 ⑤change→changeable易变的 ⑥adjust→adjustable 可调整的
⑦move→movable可移动的 ⑧suit→suitable合适的 ⑨adapt→adaptable能适应的
⑩access→accessible可接近的 horror→horrible恐怖的 sense→sensible明智的
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)In the study,　　　　(boil) hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)　　　　(crucial),this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate to trap the plastics. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Liquid (　　　　) ammonia is easy to keep and transport,but it is hard to ignite and requires an engine redesign. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Fortunately,　　　　(analysis) suggest that renewables are up to the task.“We need to speed up the development of green energy,and it will all get used,”says Wipke. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)　　　　 (science) are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are—but what they do know has raised concerns. 6.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Catherine Murphy,a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat,　　　　　　　　(确保) that each customer gets exactly what they order. 7.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Restaurants like Silo in the UK have experimented with zero-waste systems,but wastED took the concept to its logical 　　　　 (conclude). 8.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)“Students who are around plants perform better 　　　　(academic) than students who are in a classroom without plants,” says Knuth. 9.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Once in a lecture,the professor (　　　　) tried repeating my name after me over and over in front of thirty classmates. 10.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Determined to turn her life around,Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a healthy lifestyle,before discovering a 　　　　 (激情) for weightlifting. 11.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading 　　　　 an explosion in the houseplant industry. 12.(2025·浙江1月卷)Allowing kids to eat what they want also exposes them to the natural 　　　　　　　　 (后果) of their decisions. 13.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)They have good reasons for driving their kids to school,　　　　 (主要的) to do with safety and convenience.
14.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)“We are 　　　　 (passion) about reducing waste,carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee. 15.(2024·浙江1月卷)All the different hallways and rooms were too much to think about,let alone commit 　　　　 memory. 16.(2024·浙江1月卷)Due to the lack of 　　　　 (science) proof concerning their impacts,no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. 17.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Each chapter 　　　　(conclude) with a collection of practices,which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. 18.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Program 　　　　 (evaluate) show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. 19.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Besides,working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students,many of 　　　　 have emotional control issues. 20.(2023·浙江1月卷)I parked my car outside the farm and walked past a milking house which had 　　　　 (apparent) not been used in many years. 21.(2023·全国甲卷)The Socrates Express is a fun,sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and 　　　　 (gradual) pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire,loneliness,and aging. 22.(2021·浙江6月卷)He showed us that even a single desire,never given up on,can make for a 　　　　 (remark) life.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.vital adj.必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的
①It is vital 　　　　　　　　(learn) something about traditional Chinese culture.
②He played a vital role 　　　　 the success of the football match.
③Sustainable farming methods are vital 　　　　 ensuring food security and protecting soil health.
④[建议信] 在中国,当你参加宴会时,注意餐桌礼仪是至关重要的。
→When attending a dinner party in China,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(It is vital that...)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 when you attend a dinner party in China.(It is vital to do sth)
2.commit vt.承诺;保证 vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)
①[人物介绍]Tu Youyou,a 　　　　 and patient scientist,believes that people should be 　　　　 to what they do because excellence is only possible with 　　　　.(commit)
②作为个人,我致力于通过随身携带可重复使用的容器来减少塑料浪费。
As an individual,I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 plastic waste by bringing reusable containers everywhere.
③[建议信]我强烈建议你每天花一个小时读英语,这一定会对你的英语口语有益。
I strongly suggested that you should 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 on a daily basis,which will be undoubtedly beneficial to your spoken English.
作“致力于做某事”讲时的同义结构有:devote oneself to doing sth,be dedicated to doing sth,apply oneself to (doing) sth等。
3.acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢
①With no solid evidence,the thief refused to acknowledge 　　　　　　　　　 (steal) the lady’s purse.
②[人物介绍]Professor Yang Zhenning was acknowledged 　　　　 one of the world’s greatest physicists.
③The award is an 　　　　　　　 (acknowledge) of her outstanding contribution to the field of medicine.
④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (人们普遍认为) Fan Zhongyan was one of the most influential figures in Chinese history.
⑤[感谢信] 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我感谢我的英语老师),without whom I couldn’t have made such great progress in English.
4.insist vi.& vt.坚持;坚决要求
①The old lady insisted that Tom 　　　　　　　　 (steal) the car and he 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (send) to the police.
②The customer insisted that the faulty product 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (replace) immediately.
③[建议信]只有当我们坚持定期锻炼时,我们才能保持身心健康。
Only when 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 can we keep physically and mentally healthy.
5.conclusion n.结论;推论;结尾
①[演讲稿]　　　　 conclusion,we should pay more attention to environmental protection for the future of our planet.
②The professor concluded his lecture 　　　　 an interesting story,which left a deep impression on the students.
③[主旨升华]我从自己的经历中得出结论:家庭是人生暴风雨中的救生衣。
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that family is a life jacket in the stormy sea of life.(conclude)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that family is a life jacket in the stormy sea of life.(conclusion)
除in conclusion外,表示“最后,总之”之意的短语还有:to conclude,in short,in a word,in brief,all in all,to sum up,on the whole,in summary等。
6.circumstance n.[usually pl.] 条件;环境;状况
①[致歉信]　　　　 the circumstances,we had no choice but to cancel the outdoor activities.
②A true friend will stand by you in any 　　　　　　　　 (circumstance).
③[主旨升华] 在任何情况下我们都不应该放弃我们的梦想。
7.consequence n.结果;后果
①I carelessly got the plan ruined,and 　　　　　　　　 I had to face the 　　　　　　　. (consequent)
②她忘了给手机充电,结果错过了客户打来的一个重要电话。
She forgot to charge her phone,and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,she missed an important call from her client.
③[演讲稿] 由于气候变化,飓风和干旱等极端天气事件变得越来越频繁。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,extreme weather events such as hurricanes and droughts are becoming increasingly frequent.
8.take up a position 担任;任职
①After 　　　　　　　　 the firm from his father,Mike 　　　　　　　　 many advanced ideas and 　　　　　　　　 some experienced and hard-working workers.
②With the development of science and technology,our life has 　　　　　　　　 a new look and smartphones have 　　　　　　　.However,smartphones not only 　　　　　　　　　 our valuable time,but also do harm to our health to a certain extent.
9.on/upon doing sth 结构
[教材原句]Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize,she said,“The honour is not just mine...”
当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,她说:“这份荣誉不仅仅属于我……”
①When I arrived home,I found the TV was on.
→　　　　　　　　 home,I found the TV was on.
②[情感描写]We were filled with excitement when we thought of visiting the Great Wall.
→We were filled with excitement 　　　　　　　　　　　　 visiting the Great Wall.
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我刚向全班展示完我们的研究成果) than the class burst into applause.
④[场景描写]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (她刚走上舞台) when the audience broke out thunderous applause.
10.状语从句的省略
[教材原句]While working there,out of a strong passion for knowledge,he continued to study,earning a doctorate in physics in 1905.
在那里工作期间,出于对知识的渴求,他继续学习,并于1905年获得了物理学博士学位。
①[邀请信]While we are preparing for the coming festival,we plan to hold a big party and sincerely invite you to join us.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,we plan to hold a big party and sincerely invite you to join us.
②[活动介绍]Though we were very exhausted,we thought it worthwhile to take part in the activity.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　,we thought it worthwhile to take part in the activity.
③[动作描写]She stared at the broken vase as if she were trying to figure out how it had happened.
→She stared at the broken vase 　　　　　　　　　　　　 how it had happened.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句]①When he was 16,he tried to enter university in Switzerland,but failed due to his low scores in the general part of the entrance exam,②despite obtaining exceptional scores in maths and physics.
尝试分析:本句是一个but连接的　　　　　　　　,①是when引导的　　　　　　　　从句,②是despite构成的介词短语作　　　　。
自主翻译:
情境仿写:在读高中时,他被选去参加全国英语口语比赛,尽管做了充分的准备,但是因为在演讲中太紧张,他表现欠佳。
　　　　　　　　　 　　,he was chosen to participate in a National Spoken English Competition,but he performed not well due to his nervousness in the lecture,　　　　　　
　　.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.acknowledge
A.v.承认　　　　　　B.vt.告知收悉
C.vt.(公开)感谢 D.vt.(微笑、挥手等)致意
①The author acknowledged the support of her family in the book’s preface.　　　
②She is widely acknowledged as an expert in environmental science.　　　
③All applications will be acknowledged.　　　
④She acknowledged her neighbour with a warm smile while walking the dog.　　　
2.take up
A.学着做,开始做　　　　B.占据(空间) C.接受(提议/挑战/机会) D.继续
①The bookshelf takes up almost half of the small bedroom.　　　
②Bob plans to take up a second language to strengthen his competitive edge in the job market.　　　
③Let’s take up the discussion from where we left off before the lunch break.　　　
④Are you going to take up the challenge of starting your own business 　　　
3.写出语段中黑体词的含义
Before the exam,I tried to sum① the data in the chart,but the sum② of various figures confused me.The teacher said the final exam has a total sum③ of 50 points,covering both written and oral parts.To help us review,she asked us to sum up④ the main formulas in each chapter.
考试前,我尝试①　　　　图表中数据的和,但各类数字的②　　　　让我犯了迷糊。老师说,期末考试③　　　　50分包括笔试和口试部分。为了帮助我们复习,她让我们④　　　　每章的主要公式。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen 　　　　(science) have collected billions of records.
2.(2024·全国甲卷)For instance,almost all animals have 　　　　 (distinction) vocals that they rely on to either ask for help,scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter.
3.What can be 　　　　 (infer) about the adoption of the sugar tax policy
4.She spends her weekends 　　　　 (most) reading books and watching movies at home.
5.After two years,the second group saw 　　　　 (remark) improvements in heart health.
6.She is widely 　　　　 (acknowledge) as the best table tennis player in the world.
7.We persuaded her to come to the party with us,but she 　　　　 (insist) that she was too tired.
8.She 　　　　 (gentle) wiped away her daughter’s tears,whispering,“Everything will be okay.”
9.She is a 　　　　 (passion) teacher who inspires her students to love literature.
10.It is widely known that he is one of the most popular 　　　　 (novel).
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入]说明文—人物介绍—著名科学家钱学森
假设你是李华,你校学生会准备办一期英语墙报,请你用英文介绍一下我国著名的科学家钱学森。
[场景演练]
1.钱学森是中国最伟大的科学家之一。由于他在中国航空航天工业方面的杰出成就,他被誉为“中国航天之父”。(remarkable, acknowledge)
2.他于1911年12月11日出生于上海,从小酷爱学习。(passion)
3.从上海交通大学毕业后,他前往美国深造,并于1939年获得了航空和数学博士学位。(obtain)
4.他回到中国后,致力于中国航空航天事业。(commit)
5.尽管遇到许多困难,但在他的带领下,中国最终成功发射了第一颗人造卫星。(encounter, numerous)
[句式升级]
1.将第1句用定语从句进行改写升级。
2.将第3句用现在分词作状语进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
cheerful 开心的 delighted 愉快的 pleased 开心的 joyful 快乐的 content 满意的 fulfilled 满足的 thrilled 激动的 excited 兴奋的 a broad grin 咧嘴大笑 喜悦、 高兴、 激动 dance/jump for joy 高兴地跳舞/跳跃 bounce up and down 跳上跳下 wear a smiling face 面带微笑 be wild with delight 欣喜若狂 eyes twinkle with happiness眼里闪烁着快乐的光芒 be overcome with joy 被喜悦淹没 heart pounding with excitement心脏因激动而狂跳 be immersed in joy 沉浸在喜悦中 skip towards the stage 蹦跳着走向舞台
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.witness　　vt.当场看到;目击;见证 n.目击者;证人 2.interpret vt.把……理解(解释)为 vi.& vt.口译 3.cheek n.面颊;脸颊 4.bow vi.鞠躬;点头 vt.低(头) n.弓;蝴蝶结 5.barrier n.隔阂;障碍 6.incident n.发生的事情;严重事件;冲突 7.twin adj.双胞胎之一的;孪生之一的 n.孪生之一;双胞胎之一 8.internal adj.内部的;里面的 9.pose n.故作姿态;(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势 vi.摆好姿势 vt.造成(威胁、问题等) 10.bend　　　vt.& vi.(bent,bent)(使)弯曲;倾斜;偏向 11.reveal vt.揭示;显示;露出 12.lower vt.把……放低;降低;减少 adj.下面的;下方的;较小的 13.imply vt.意味着;暗示 14.stare vi.盯着看;凝视 n.凝视 15.ceiling n.天花板;上限 16.perceive vt.察觉;看待;理解 17.chest n.胸部;胸膛 18.merely adv.只是;仅仅;只不过 19.bother vi.& vt.费心;麻烦;因……操心 n.麻烦;不便 20.weep vi.& vt. (wept,wept)哭泣;流泪 21.conflict n.矛盾;冲突 vi.冲突;抵触 22.tone n.语气;腔调;口吻
阅 读 词 汇 1.gesture　　　n.手势;姿势;姿态 2.identical adj.相同的 3.waist n.腰;腰部 4.fake adj.假装的;假的;冒充的 5.trial n.& v.审讯;审判;试验;试用 6.nonverbal adj.不涉及言语的;非言语的 7.slump vi.垂头弯腰地走(或坐等) 8.tick　　　　　vt.给(试卷、问题等)打钩号 vi.(钟表)发出嘀嗒声 n.钩号 9.chin n.下巴 10.distract vt.分散(注意力);使分心 11.intervene vi.干预;介入 12.component n.组成部分;零件
拓 展 词 汇 1.interaction n.交流;相互影响→interact vi.相互交流;相互影响→interactive adj.互动的;相互影响的 2.vary vi.(根据情况)变化;改变→various adj.不同的;各种各样的→variety n.多样性;变化;种类 3.appropriate adj.合适的;恰当的→inappropriate adj.不合适的;不恰当的→appropriately adv.合适地;恰当地→inappropriately adv.不合适地;不恰当地 4.approve vi.赞成;同意 vt.批准;通过→approval n.赞成;同意;批准→approving adj.赞许的;赞成的→disapprove vi.不赞成;不同意→disapproval n.不赞成;不同意 5.demonstrate vt.表现;表达;说明;证明→demonstration n.证明;演示;示威游行 6.employ vt.使用;应用;雇用→employee n.雇员;受雇者→employer n.雇主;雇用者→employment n.雇用;聘用→unemployed adj.失业的;未被使用的
拓 展 词 汇 7.differ vi.相异;不同于→different adj.不同的;有差异的→difference n.差别;差异→indifferent adj.漠不关心的;不感兴趣的 8.favour vt.较喜欢;选择;有利于 n.帮助;恩惠;赞同→favourable adj.赞同的;有利的→favourite adj.特别受喜爱的 n.最喜欢的(人/物) 9.anger n.愤怒;怒气 vt.使生气;激怒→angry adj.愤怒的;生气的→angrily adv.生气地;愤怒地 10.reliable adj.可靠的;可信赖的→unreliable adj.不可靠的→rely vi.依赖; 信赖 11.slight adj.轻微的;略微的;细小的→slightly adv.略微;稍微 12.assess vt.评估;评价→assessment n.评价;评定→assessor n.评估者;顾问 13.clarify vt.使更清晰易懂;阐明;澄清→clarification n.澄清;解释;说明 14.educator n.教师;教育工作者;教育家→educate vt.教育→educated adj.受过教育的;有教养的→education n.教育→educational adj.教育的;有教育意义的 15.tendency n.趋势;倾向→tend vt.& vi.倾向于;照料;护理 16.barely adv.几乎不;勉强才能;刚刚→bare adj.赤裸的;光秃秃的 17.occupy vt.占据;占用→occupied adj.使用中;忙于;被占领的→occupation n.占领;职业 18.distinguish vi.& vt.区分;辨别→distinguished adj.卓越的;杰出的 19.anxiety n.焦虑;担心;害怕→anxious adj.忧虑的;焦虑的;渴望的→anxiously adv.焦虑地 20.embarrassed adj.难堪的;尴尬的→embarrassing adj.使人难堪的;令人尴尬的→embarrass vt.使窘迫;使尴尬→embarrassment n.难堪;窘迫 21.ashamed adj.羞愧;惭愧→shame n.羞耻;羞愧;让人遗憾的事→ shameful adj.可耻的→shameless adj.无耻的;没廉耻的 22.inquire/enquire vi.& vt.询问;打听→inquiry/enquiry n.询问;调查→inquirer n.询问者;调查者 23.ultimately adv.最终;最后→ultimate adj.最终的;最后的;根本的 n.终极;顶点 24.adjust vt.调整;调节 vi.& vt.适应;(使)习惯→adjustable adj.可调整的;可调节的→adjustment n.调整;调节;适应 25.react vi.(对……)起反应;回应;(对食物等)有不良反应→reaction n.反应;副作用
重 点 词 块 1.vary from...to...　　在……到……之间变化 2.be appropriate to 对……适合 3.by contrast 相比之下 4.approve of 赞同 5.by comparison (与……)相比较 6.make inferences 推理;推断 7.get through 通过;渡过(难关) 8.break down 消除;分解;打破 9.straighten up　　　直起来;整理;收拾整齐 10.in other words 换句话说;也就是说 11.call on (短暂地)访问;要求(某人讲话等);正式邀请 12.bother to do sth 费心地做某事 13.at work 有某种影响;在工作 14.react to 对……作出反应 15.shake hands 握手
重 点 句 型 1.通过观察人们的肢体语言,我们可以洞察他们的想法。(what引导宾语从句) We can learn a lot about what people are thinking by watching their body language. 2.使用肢体语言时,最重要的是要符合你所处的文化。(动词-ing形式作表语;that引导定语从句) The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in. 3.当我们感到沮丧或孤单时,最美好的事情莫过于看到好友的笑脸。(“否定词+比较级”表达最高级含义) And if we are feeling down or lonely,there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend. 4.当然,不是所有抬着头的学生都是在认真听课。(部分否定) Of course,not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class. 5.尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的,但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。(while引导让步状语从句) While it is easy to perceive when students are interested,bored,or distracted,it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled.
动词、名词变形容词的后缀“-ing”集锦:
①amuse→amusing 有趣的;逗乐的　　　　　　②exist→existing 现存的;现行的
③excite→exciting 令人兴奋的 ④frighten→frightening 令人恐惧的
⑤interest→interesting 有趣的 ⑥surprise→surprising 令人惊讶的
⑦amaze→amazing 令人惊叹的 ⑧charm→charming 迷人的;有魅力的
⑨disappoint→disappointing 令人失望的 ⑩relax→relaxing 令人放松的
challenge→challenging 挑战性的 tire→tiring 累人的;令人疲倦的
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)My wife suggested I get in touch with my brother,but I resisted,thinking he should call first.However,my conscience(良心)kept bothering (bother) me. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)A decent winner always tries to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Most of the essays filled less than one page,and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted (interpret) as a thesis statement. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)“The players’ personalities are revealed(reveal) during the game,and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷) Catherine Murphy,a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat,makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order. 6.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Helping the community lowers (lower) rates of depression. 7.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)From technological solutions to educational (education) campaigns,food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we’re already growing. 8.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Getting to Shrewsbury Town Center from London is challenging but worth the anxiety (anxious). 9.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues,which ultimately (ultimate) led her to getting surgery. 10.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)The pronunciation system of the Chinese language is quite different (differ) from that of English. 11.(2025·浙江1月卷)Kevin stared (stare) at the man at their front door.Suddenly,the man jumped through an open window into the house. 12.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) The reasons relate to a variety (vary) of factors,including reduced concentration,an entertainment mindset and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content. 13.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The differences (differ) between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper’s physical properties. 14.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) These plants included modern Western favourites (favourite) such as rosemary,lavender and fennel. 15.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Those who are dressed inappropriately (inappropriate) will be refused permission to participate. 16.(2024·浙江1月卷)The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human interaction (interact). 17.(2024·浙江1月卷)Then I noticed folk conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous books on various (vary) subjects there. 18.(2024·全国甲卷)A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism,while eating (eat) small,healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. 19.(2024·全国甲卷)Join instructors from the Ceramics Program and great potters from Quincy,Cabot and Mather Houses for demonstrations (demonstrate) using the potter’s wheel. 20.(2024·北京卷) The approval (approve) of others is rewarding,while their disapproval is strongly disliked. 21.(2024·北京卷) Because arguing angrily (anger) leads to chaos,it was strongly discouraged.
22.(2024·北京卷)However,hedgehogs remain open to others’ reactions (react) and inputs. 23.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)From a 21st-century point of view,the printed book is certainly ancient,but it remains as interactive (interact) as any battery-powered e-reader. 24.(2023·浙江1月卷)She was covered in spider-webs and was barely (bare) able to move her wings. 25.(2022·新课标Ⅰ卷)Class activities will vary from day to day,but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings...
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.approve vi.赞成;同意 vt.批准;通过
①The manager gave his approval to the proposal,and the team was pleased with his approving nod during the meeting.(approve)
②[申请信] 如果您能批准我们的提议,我将不胜感激。
→I’d appreciate it if you could approve our proposal.(approve)
→I’d appreciate it if you could give your approval to our proposal.(approval)
2.differ vi.相异;不同于
①The twins look alike but differ in personality—one is outgoing,the other shy.
②[建议信] 在日程安排上,我和你的意见略有不同,我认为我们需要更多的时间来准备。
I slightly differ with you on the schedule,as I think we need more time for preparation.
③她们是双胞胎姐妹,很难在外貌上把她们区分开。然而,她们有不同的习惯。但那没有影响,她们相处得很融洽。
They are twin sisters.It’s hard to tell the difference between them in appearance.However,they are different from each other in their habits.But that makes no difference and they get on very well.
3.favour vt.较喜欢;选择;有利于 n.帮助;恩惠;赞同
①[邀请信] Thank you for considering our invitation and we are looking forward to your favourable(favour) response.
②无论何时我们面临困难,我们的老师都会帮助我们。
Whenever we are faced with difficulties,our teachers will do us a favour/do a favour for us.
③[建议信] 如果你有任何问题,不要犹豫向我求助。
If you have any questions,don’t hesitate to ask me a favour/ask a favour of me.
④[主旨升华] 请记住,机会和成功往往青睐那些有准备的人。
Keep in mind that opportunities and success tend to favour those who are ready.
4.occupy vt.占据;占用
①My sister Mary is occupied with her occupation,which occupies most of her time every day.(occupy)
②[主旨升华] True happiness doesn’t lie in being occupied with endless work,but in finding meaning in what you do.
③[道歉信] 我忙于准备考试,因此不能和你一起去看电影了。
→I was occupied in preparing for the tests,so I couldn’t go to the cinema with you.(occupied)
→Occupying myself in preparing for the tests,I couldn’t go to the cinema with you.(现在分词短语作状语)
→Occupied in preparing for the tests, I couldn’t go to the cinema with you.(过去分词短语作
状语)
5.adjust vt.调整;调节 vi.& vt.适应;(使)习惯
①To our amazement,the school chairs are adjustable,so children can make some adjustments according to their heights.(adjust)
②[建议信] It’s helpful to adjust yourself to the pace of senior high school by making a daily to-do list.
③[通知] 因台风临近,运动会将对赛程做出临时调整。
The sports meet will make temporary adjustments to the schedule due to the approaching typhoon.
④她过了一段时间才适应独自在国外生活。
It took her a while to adjust to living abroad alone.
6.break down消除;分解;打破;(机器)出故障;(谈判、计划等)失败;(身体)垮掉
①[神态描写] 当团队赢得期待已久的辩论赛时,她突然露出灿烂的笑容。
She broke into a big smile when her team won the long-awaited debate competition.
②[主旨升华] 要想追逐梦想,我们需要挣脱恐惧,打破想象与现实的壁垒。
To pursue dreams,we must break away from fears and break down barriers between imagination and reality.
③The experiment broke down,which made me really disappointed.I broke into tears.But with the encouragement of my colleagues,I didn’t give up and made some adjustments to the experiment.
At last,I made it!Moreover,I broke through in this experiment.
7.“否定词+比较级”表达最高级含义
[教材原句] And if we are feeling down or lonely,there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.
当我们感到沮丧或孤单时,最美好的事情莫过于看到好友的笑脸。
①莉莉向我走来,对我说:“我从没见过比你更热心的人了。”
Lily walked to me and said to me,“I have never seen a more warm-hearted person than you.”
②[主旨升华] 对我们来说,没有什么比向处在困境中的人传递善意更有意义了。
To us,nothing is more meaningful than passing on kindness to those in trouble.
③This is the most interesting movie I have ever seen.
→I have never seen a more interesting movie than this one.
④In my opinion,health is the most important.
→In my opinion,nothing is so/as important as health或nothing is more important than health.
8.部分否定
[教材原句] Of course,not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class.
当然,不是所有抬着头的学生都是在认真听课。
①[报道] 近期调查显示并非所有学生偏爱在线学习,40%的学生更青睐线下课程。
A recent survey shows that not all students prefer online learning,with 40% favouring offline classes.
②[心理描写] 演讲前没有什么能让他平静,因为他从未站上过如此大的舞台。
Nothing could calm him down before the speech,as he had never stood on such a big stage.
③[主旨升华] 并非所有梦想都能实现,但这并不意味着我们应该停止筑梦。
Not all dreams come true/All dreams don’t come true,but that doesn’t mean we should stop dreaming.
9.while引导让步状语从句
[教材原句] While it is easy to perceive when students are interested,bored,or distracted,it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled.
尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的,但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。
①Mike enjoys outdoor activities,while his younger brother prefers indoor activities (然而他弟弟更喜欢室内活动).
②[邀请信] We hope you can stay for a while (我们希望您能停留片刻) after the ceremony to share your thoughts with new students.
③[主旨升华] While we can’t predict what will happen in the future (尽管我们不能预测未来会发生什么),we can guide ourselves with determination and love.
④[动作描写] While he was listening to the teacher,he nodded occasionally,seeming to understand.
→While listening to the teacher,he nodded occasionally,seeming to understand.(省略形式)
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] The crucial thing is ①using body language in a way ②that is appropriate to the culture ③you are in.
尝试分析:本句为复合句。句子主干为“主系表”结构。①为动词-ing形式作表语;②为that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词a way;③为省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句,修饰先行词the culture。
自主翻译:使用肢体语言时,最重要的是要符合你所处的文化。
情境仿写:使用表情和手势时,困难的是要符合听者所处的文化。
The difficult thing is using expressions and gestures in a way that is appropriate to the culture the listener is in.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice.v.消除;打破
②(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution.v.造成;带来
③(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Moreover,these data are biased and favour certain regions,time periods,and species.v.偏向
④(2023·全国甲卷) Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still be employed today to draw attention to important truths.v.利用
⑤(2021·全国甲卷) Southbank,at an eastern bend in the Thames,is the center of British skateboarding,where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing.n.(道路、河流的)拐弯处
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
(1)Her anxiety① for success drove her to study hard,but the upcoming exam filled her with anxiety② and nervousness.
她对成功的①渴望驱使她努力学习,但是即将到来的考试使她充满了②焦虑和紧张。
(2)The old printer broke down① again,leaving us anxious.We tried to fix it,but our efforts broke down②.All of these made us break down③ emotionally.Ultimately,we had no choice but to seek help.
那台旧打印机又①坏了,让我们很着急。我们试图修理它,但我们的努力②失败了。这一切让我们③情绪崩溃。最后,我们别无选择,只能寻求帮助。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different (differ) modes of transport.
2.(2025·浙江1月卷)Instead,she recommends applying a well-known concept...where parents provide a variety (vary) of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times...
3.(2023·全国甲卷)You should learn to say to yourself,“This is merely (mere) uncomfortable,not intolerable.” You’ll then gradually become more patient.
4.Studies have found that children who spend more time outside tend to be healthier,better adjusted (adjust),and better at dealing with stress.
5.The positive interaction (interact) between the teacher and students made the class lively and engaging.
6.[邀请信] I still remember your embarrassed (embarrass) expression when you forgot lines—join our drama club to build confidence!
7.[建议信] Putting ourselves in their shoes is of great importance when we have conflicts with our friends.
8.We are looking for someone who is reliable (rely) and hard-working.
9.I have a tendency (tend) to talk too much when I’m nervous.
10.The last twenty years has witnessed (witness) the great advances made by this company in technology.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 投稿征文—人际沟通—肢体语言
假设你是李华,请你以“Body Language”为主题用英语写一篇文章,向你校英文报社投稿。
[场景演练]
1.在与他人交流时,我们倾向于使用肢体语言来更生动地表达我们的想法。(interact,tendency,employ)
While we are interacting with other people,we have a tendency to employ body language to express our thoughts more vividly.
2.众所周知,不同的文化有着不同的肢体语言。(vary)
As we all know,body language varies from culture to culture.
3.例如,在有些国家,点头表示不同意,而在其他国家则表示赞同。(approval)
For instance,in some countries,nodding means disagreement while in other countries it means approval.
4.某些肢体语言有着许多不同的用法,其中最佳的例子就是微笑了。
Some body language has many different uses and the best example is smiling.
5.微笑有很多作用。它可以用来道歉、问候某人、打破隔阂。(break down,barrier)
A smile has many functions.It can be used to apologise,to greet someone and to break down barriers.
6.为了更好地促进跨文化交流,我们应该恰当地使用肢体语言。(appropriately)
To better promote cross-cultural communication,we are supposed to use body language appropriately.
[句式升级]
1.将第1句用while引导的状语从句的省略形式进行改写升级。
While interacting with other people,we have a tendency to employ body language to express our thoughts more vividly.
2.将第2句用it作形式主语进行改写升级。
It is known to all that body language varies from culture to culture.
3.将第4句用which引导的定语从句进行改写升级。
Some body language has many different uses,the best example of which is smiling.
4.将第5句用含有not only...but also...的倒装句式进行改写升级。
A smile has many functions.Not only can it be used to apologise or greet someone,but it can also be used to break down barriers.
[连句成篇]
　　While interacting with other people,we have a tendency to employ body language to express our thoughts more vividly.
It is known to all that body language varies from culture to culture.For instance,in some countries,nodding means disagreement while in other countries it means approval.Some body language has many different uses,the best example of which is smiling.A smile has many functions.Not only can it be used to apologise or greet someone,but it can also be used to break down barriers.
To better promote cross-cultural communication,we are supposed to use body language appropriately.
nervous 紧张的 tense 紧张的;担心的 anxious 焦虑的 uneasy 不安的;忧虑的 concerned 担心的;忧虑的 restless 坐立不安的 tremble with nervousness 紧张得发抖 shift from foot to foot 双脚来回挪动 breathing becomes shallow 呼吸变得急促 紧张、 不安 with butterflies in one’s stomach 心里七上八下/ 发慌 pace nervously back and forth 紧张地来回踱步 on pins and needles 如坐针毡 (heart) pounds/beats/races wildly/violently 心怦怦直跳 (heart) jumps to one’s mouth 心提到了嗓子眼 scratch one’s head nervously 紧张地挠头 with one’s heart racing and hands sweating 心跳加速、手心冒汗 (face) turns pale 脸色变得苍白 (mind) goes blank 大脑一片空白
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　　　vt.连续猛击;打来打去 n.自助餐 2.　　　　 n.边;边缘;边线;刀刃 vt.& vi.(使)徐徐移动;给……加边 3.　　　　 vt.明令禁止;取缔 n.禁令 4.　　　　 adj.酸的;有酸味的 5.　　　　 vi.打喷嚏 n.喷嚏;喷嚏声 6.　　　　 n.奶油;乳脂;护肤霜 adj.奶油色的;淡黄色的 7.　　　　 vi.延伸;延续 vi.& vt.伸展;舒展 8.　　　　 n.路线;路途;途径 9.　　　　　　adv.向前;在前面;提前 10.　　　　 adj.有特定主题的 n.主题;主题思想 11.　　　　 n.游荡;闲逛;流浪 vt.& vi.闲逛;漫游 vi.走失;离散;走神 12.　　　　 vt.& vi.(　　　　,　　　　)(使)摆动;摇摆;转弯;(使)突然转向 13.　　　　 n.展览;陈列;展览品 vt.显示;陈列 14.　　　　 n.食欲;胃口;强烈欲望
阅 读 词 汇 1.valley 　　　n.　　　　　　　 2.vast adj.　　　　　　　 3.glacier n.　　　　　　　 4.reindeer n.　　　　　　　 5.territory n.　　　　　　　 6.cottage n.　　　　　　　 7.teapot n.　　　　　　　 8.label vt.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 9.leopard n.　　　　　　　 10.bush n.　　　　　　　 11.lung n.　　　　　　　 12.corridor n.　　　　　　　 13.pedal　　　　n.　　　　　　　　 vt.& vi.　　　　　　　 14.fountain n.　　　　　　　 15.pirate n.　　　　　　　 vt.　　　　　　　 16.enormous adj.　　　　　　　 17.iron n.　　　　　　　　 vt.& vi.　　　　　　　 18.steam n.　　　　　　　 vi.　　　　　　　 19.superb adj.　　　　　　　 20.aquarium n.　　　　　　　 21.splendid adj.　　　　　　　 22.column n.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 n.(一块)布;织物;布料→　　　　 n.服装(总称)→　　　　 n.衣服;服装 2.　　　　 n.边界;界限;分界线→　　　　 v.跳跃着跑;形成……边界 adj.一定会;受……约束→ 　　　　 adj.无限的;无止境的 3.　　　　 adj.看得见的;可见的→　　　　 adj.看不见的→　　　　 n.视野;视力→　　　　 n.可见度 4.　　　　 vt.陪同;陪伴;伴随;(尤指用钢琴)为……伴奏→　　　　 n.陪伴;商行 5.　　　　 vt.采用;采取;采纳 vt.& vi.领养→　　　　n.采纳;领养→　　　　 adj.收养的;领养的→ 　　　　 adj.收养的;有收养关系的 6.　　　　 vt.祝福→　　　　 n.祝福;幸事→　　　　 adj.神圣的;受祝福的 7.　　　　 vt.(尤指以法令)禁止;阻止→　　　　 n.禁止;阻止;禁令→　　　　 adj.被禁止的 8.　　　　 n.新闻记者;新闻工作者→　　　　n.报纸;期刊;日志 9.　　　　 adj.值得做的;有益的→　　　　 vt.回报;酬谢 n.报酬;报答 10.　　　　n.自行车;摩托车;循环 vi.骑自行车→　　　　 n.骑自行车的人;自行车手→ 　　　　 n.骑自行车运动 11.　　　　 adj.极好的;极大的;难以置信的→　　　　 adv.极其;难以置信地→ 　　　　 adj.可信的;可靠的 12.　　　　 vi.有吸引力;呼吁;恳求;上诉 n.吸引力;呼吁;上诉;请求→　　　　 adj.有吸引力的 13.　　　　 adj.可爱的;讨人喜爱的→　　　　 vt.钦佩;爱慕 14.　　　　 vt.(提供)消遣;(使)娱乐→　　　　 n.娱乐(活动);愉悦→　　　　 adj.逗人笑的;有乐趣的→　　　　 adj.被逗乐的;觉得好笑的 15.　　　　 n.时尚;时兴;流行款式→ 　　　　 adj.流行的;时髦的 16.　　　　 adj.稀少的;珍贵的;(肉)半熟的→　　　　 adv.罕见地;极少地 17.　　　　adj.(近)极地的;南极(或北极)的;磁极的→ 　　　　 n.极点;磁极 18.　　　　 n.娱乐;招待;娱乐活动;文娱节目→　　　　 v.招待,款待;娱乐,使快乐→　　　　 adj.使人愉快的;有趣的;娱乐的→　　　　 n.艺人;表演者
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　　　留下;遗留 2.　　　　　　　 除了;除了……以外还 3.　　　　　　　　 以……为食 4.　　　　　　　 在行进中;在移动中 5.　　　　　　　 捡起;拾起 6.　　　　　　　 过着一种……的生活 7.　　　　　　　 出发;启程;(怀着目标)开始工作 8.　　　　　　　 依靠……生活;以吃……为生 9.　　　　　　　 以……而闻名 10.　　　　　　　　　　有吸引力;有感染力;呼吁;上诉;打动 11.　　　　　　　 对……熟悉 12.　　　　　　　 实现 13.　　　　　　　 玩得开心 14.　　　　　　　 达到(某数量、程度等);直到;不多于;(体力或智力上)能胜任 15.　　　　　　　 颠倒;倒转;翻转 16.　　　　　　　 醒来 17.　　　　　　　 照顾
重 点 句 型 1.在驯鹿之后来的是萨米人,他们在这片土地上安家落户。(完全倒装结构) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,who made this territory their home. 2.置身这般美丽的荒原,我感到活着是如此幸福。(动词-ing形式作主语) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 makes me feel blessed to be alive. 3.无论你喜欢哪一个,无论你喜欢什么,总会有一个奇妙无比的主题公园让你流连忘返!(“疑问词+-ever”引导让步状语从句) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,there is an incredible theme park that will appeal to you! 4.这个辽阔的新公园几乎比保护中国东北地区的东北虎的老野生动物园大四倍。(倍数表达法) This vast new park 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the old wildlife park protecting Siberian tigers in Northeast China. 5.大约9 000年前,冰层消融,留下了大约100座冰川。[现在分词(短语)作结果状语] Around 9,000 years ago,this ice melted,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
动词、名词变形容词的后缀“-ed”集锦:
①confuse→confused 迷惑的　　　　　　　②amuse→amused 逗乐的;觉得好笑的
③expect→expected 预料的;预期的 ④determine→determined 坚定的;坚决的
⑤amaze→amazed 惊奇的 ⑥scare→scared 害怕的
⑦terrify→terrified 恐惧的 ⑧satisfy→satisfied 满足的
⑨focus→focused 注意力集中的 ⑩skill→skilled 熟练的
talent→talented 有天赋的 relate→related 相关的;有联系的
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷) Most famously,a Canadian 　　　　 (journal) who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷) 　　　　 (move) goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is 　　　　 (display) there. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) Yet now,I live in the countryside of Zhejiang,China with my Chinese husband and his family,where bamboo and tea bushes (　　　　) grow wild in the mountains... 5.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) The “sunshine scent” of freshly sunned 　　　　 (cloth) is one of them. 6.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷) “Plants are in 　　　　 (时兴) right now,” says Dr.Melinda Knuth,a researcher from the University of Florida. 7.(2025·浙江1月卷) Any restrictions established by the lending library will be indicated on the label (　　　　). 8.(2025·浙江1月卷) However,obtaining items that are 　　　　 (稀少的),recently published or in high demand may take longer. 9.(2025·浙江1月卷) Items are picked 　　　　 at one of our libraries—the one you selected in the ILL Request Form. 10.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international 　　　　 (visible),said Edmondson,adding that ....
11.(2024·北京卷) To practise this,we need to establish clear 　　　　 (boundary) in our personal and professional life. 12.(2024·全国甲卷) These 　　　　 (adore) little hunters are just doing something that it’s been in their nature since the beginning of time. 13.(2024·浙江1月卷) But it can certainly keep me 　　　　 (entertain) while I wait for my wife to rescue me. 14.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) 　　　　 (cycle) is the most economical,sustainable and fun way to explore the city,with its beautiful canals,parks,squares and countless lights. 15.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) No matter where I buy them,though,one steamer basket is 　　　　 (rare) enough,yet two seems greedy,and so I am always left wanting more next time. 16.(2023·全国甲卷) He makes philosophical thought an 　　　　 (appeal) exercise that improves the quality of our experiences,and he does so with plenty of humor. 17.(2023·全国乙卷) In spite of the court hearing testimonials of her ability as a doctor,she 　　　　　　　　 (ban) from medicine. 18.(2022·新课标Ⅰ卷) As a special education teacher at the school,I was familiar 　　　　 the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination. 19.(2022·全国甲卷) It presents live 　　　　 (entertain),including pop,rock,folk,jazz,musicals,dance,world music,films and classical music. 20.(2022·浙江1月卷) One day,while driving near her home,she saw a dog 　　　　 (wander) on the road,clearly lost. 21.(2021·全国甲卷) 　　　　 (ban) from the hotel since 2001,Burchill is now welcome to come back,the Fairmont said. 22.(2021·全国甲卷) Put different types of 　　　　 (衣服) on different surfaces in the room. 23.(2021·浙江6月卷) Diverse methods were 　　　　 (采纳) during training.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.ban vt.明令禁止;取缔 n.禁令
①The new law will place a ban 　　　　 harmful chemicals in food production.
②[建议信] 学校图书馆禁止大声说话或制造噪声,以保持安静的学习环境。
The school library bans 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　to maintain a quiet study environment.
③[通知] 任何在考试中作弊的学生,本学期将被禁止参与学校的奖学金申请。
Any student caught cheating in exams 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the school’s scholarship application this term.
2.accompany vt.陪同;陪伴;伴随;(尤指用钢琴)为……伴奏
①[通知] All visitors to the science museum must be accompanied 　　　　 a guide,and personal visits without supervision are prohibited.
②妈妈让我陪她去超市买点东西,为我即将到来的生日聚会做准备。
Mum asked me to 　　　　　　　　　　　　 the supermarket to buy something to prepare for my coming birthday party.
③我生日聚会那天,Sara唱歌,Bill用吉他为她伴奏。我很开心在这个重要的时刻我的朋友们可以陪伴着我。
On my birthday party day,Sara sang and Bill 　　　　　　　　　　　　 the guitar.I was so happy that my friends 　　　　　　　　　　　　 at this important moment.
3.adopt vt.采用;采取;采纳 vt.& vi.领养
①If I 　　　　　　　　(adopt) his advice,I would have achieved my goal on schedule.
②The young couple were persuaded to 　　　　 the poor boy and at a minimum,the 　　　　could guarantee the 　　　　boy a secure life.(adopt)
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (自从采用了科学的学习方法),he has made great progress in maths.
4.appeal vi.有吸引力;呼吁;恳求;上诉 n.吸引力;呼吁;上诉;请求
①Volunteering is not only fulfilling but also an 　　　　 (appeal) way to give back to the community.
②To build the bridge,we made an appeal 　　　　 the villagers 　　　　 donations.
③[建议信] To reduce campus waste,I suggest the school 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　 (呼吁学生携带可重复使用的水瓶) instead of disposable ones.
④[活动介绍] A lecture about traditional Chinese culture was given last week by our head teacher,which 　　　　　　　　 (吸引) lots of foreign students.
5.amuse vt.(提供)消遣;(使)娱乐
①[日记] Yesterday,we went to an 　　　　 park where we were 　　　　 by the performances that we found 　　　　 to watch.(amuse)
②[建议信] To lighten exam pressure,I suggest teachers amuse students 　　　　 short funny videos during break time.
③[动作描写] As the sun set,I sat on the beach with my grandmother,who told me old tales 　　　
　　　　　 (愉快地),her eyes shining with warmth.
④[主题升华] 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (使我们感到好笑的是),the strict headmaster joined the event dressed as a clown,proving that joy can break down barriers between generations.
6.entertainment n.娱乐;招待;娱乐活动;文娱节目
①[日记] Jack and Rose 　　　　 us 　　　　 a big dinner last night.During the time Jack told us many jokes for 　　　　,making it an 　　　　 night.(entertain)
②[场景描写] He entertained the guests 　　　　 a magic show,making everyone burst into laughter.
③[心理描写] 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (使她高兴的是),the class drama ended with a surprise dance,which lit up the auditorium.
7.up to 达到(某数量、程度等);直到;不多于;(体力或智力上)能胜任;由……决定;从事于
①[申请信] Having a good command of English,I’m confident that 　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我能够胜任助教这份工作).
②[报道] The sports meet saw 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (多达 800 名学生) competing in 15 events,with three new school records set yesterday.
③[邀请信] We’re organising a museum tour—　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (由你决定) if you want to join us next Friday.
④[主旨升华] Our potential 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (取决于我们如何挑战自我) — small steps can lead to big changes.
8.完全倒装结构
[教材原句] Following the reindeer were the Sami people,who made this territory their home.
在驯鹿之后来的是萨米人,他们在这片土地上安家落户。
① 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (孩子们冲了出去) after the bell rang.
②[场景描写] 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (老师走了进来) while the students were chatting.
③[环境描写] 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (从山脚下流过) a small stream lined by green trees.
9.倍数表达法
[教材原句] This vast new park is nearly four times larger than the old wildlife park protecting Siberian tigers in Northeast China.
这个辽阔的新公园几乎比保护中国东北地区的东北虎的老野生动物园大四倍。
[报道] 新图书馆的面积是旧馆的四倍,藏书超5万册。
①The newly built library is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,containing over 50,000 books.(倍数+the+n.+of)
②The newly built library is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,containing over 50,000 books.(倍数+as+adj.+as)
③The newly built library is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,containing over 50,000 books.(倍数+adj.的比较级+than)
④The newly built library is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,containing over 50,000 books.(倍数+what从句)
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] For example,this morning my breakfast is flat bread ①warmed over a fire,dried reindeer meat,and some sweet and sour berries ②that I found growing near my tent.
尝试分析:①是过去分词短语作　　　　,修饰前面的flat bread,warm和flat bread构成逻辑上的　　　　关系;②是that引导的　　　　从句,修饰前面的berries。
自主翻译:
情境仿写:例如,今天早上,他的早餐是他妈妈做的面包、果酱和牛奶,还有他在附近超市买的一些水果。
For example,this morning,his breakfast is bread 　　　　　　　　　　　　,jam and milk,and some fruits 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.accompany
A.为……伴奏　B.陪同;陪伴　C.伴随;与……同时发生
①Thunder usually accompanies lightning.　　　
②While she danced on the stage,her mother accompanied her on the piano.　　　
③Mum asked me to accompany her to the supermarket to buy something for supper.　　　
2.up to
A.达到　B.由……决定　C.直到　D.做;从事于　E.能胜任
①What are you up to this weekend 　　　
②It’s up to you to decide which method you should adopt.　　　
③(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Fortunately,analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task.　　　
④Up to now,I have made enormous progress in my English learning.　　　
⑤Our school can display up to 800 students’paintings at a time in the school hall.　　　
3.写出语段中黑体词的含义
I was wandering① along a road that wandered② through the hills when I saw the man,whose eyes wandered③ restlessly.
我正在一条②　　　　穿过山间的小径上①　　　　,这时我看到了一个男人,他的眼睛不安地③　　　　着。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2024·北京卷) The approval of others is 　　　　 (reward),while their disapproval is strongly disliked.
2.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) When I got back home,suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as 　　　　 (appeal).
3.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) The reasons relate to a variety of factors,including reduced concentration,an
　　　　 (entertain) mindset and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content.
4.They set 　　　　 on a journey around the world with just a backpack each.
5.　　　　 (cycle) is not just good exercise—it also helps reduce traffic congestion in urban areas.
6.Someone is going to go flying if you don’t pick 　　　　these toys.
7.[道歉信] I felt 　　　　 (incredible) ashamed of myself for getting so angry.
8.[人物介绍] As a 　　　　 (journal),she has always had a nose for a good story.
9.[运动与健康] I 　　　　 (rare) get colds,and I’m fit because I take a lot of exercise.
10.[日记] Much to our 　　　　 (amuse),we had a good time at the party.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 推荐信—地理概况—河北海滨国家森林公园
假设你是秦皇岛市的一名中学生李华,你的外国同学Rick想游览位于秦皇岛旅游区的著名的河北海滨国家森林公园。请你根据下列信息介绍这个公园,并表示期盼他的到来。
[场景演练]
1.河北海滨国家森林公园在中国是一个极好的旅游景点,位于秦皇岛市北戴河区。(incredible)
2.它是一个以茂密的森林和大量珍稀动物,特别是以鸟类资源丰富多样而闻名的公园。(abundance,variety)
3.它占地1 600多公顷,是380余种鸟类的家园,这占河北省鸟类总数的90%多。(be home to)
4.此外,它以令人叹为观止的美吸引了来自世界各地的游客。(appeal)
5.在这样一个森林里漫步不仅是一段令人放松的时光,还是一次有益的体验。(wander,rewarding)
[句式升级]
1.将第1句用过去分词作状语进行改写升级。
2.将第5句用倒装句进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
要求:请根据P189的线训练,再结合括号中的提示完成句式升级,并续写后续内容,使故事情节更加完整。
The crowd held its breath as the host announced the winner.Sarah heard her name called as the winner.①　　　　　　　　　　　　 (现在分词作状语),she wore a smiling face ②　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (定语从句).The spotlight warmed her face,and she caught sight of her parents cheering wildly in the front row.③　　　　　　　　　　　　 (with复合结构) with happiness,she skipped towards the stage,④　　　　　　　　　　　　 (独立主格结构).Her friends threw arms around her.⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (现在分词作状语),they all bounced up and down,⑥　　　　　　　　　　　　 (过去分词作状语).⑦　
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　　　vt.当场看到;目击;见证 n.目击者;证人 2.　　　　 vt.把……理解(解释)为 vi.& vt.口译 3.　　　　 n.面颊;脸颊 4.　　　　 vi.鞠躬;点头 vt.低(头) n.弓;蝴蝶结 5.　　　　 n.隔阂;障碍 6.　　　　 n.发生的事情;严重事件;冲突 7.　　　　 adj.双胞胎之一的;孪生之一的 n.孪生之一;双胞胎之一 8.　　　　 adj.内部的;里面的 9.　　　　 n.故作姿态;(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势 vi.摆好姿势 vt.造成(威胁、问题等) 10.　　　　 vt.& vi. (　　　　,　　　　) (使)弯曲;倾斜;偏向 11.　　　　　　vt.揭示;显示;露出 12.　　　　 vt.把……放低;降低;减少 adj.下面的;下方的;较小的 13.　　　　 vt.意味着;暗示 14.　　　　 vi.盯着看;凝视 n.凝视 15.　　　　 n.天花板;上限 16.　　　　 vt.察觉;看待;理解 17.　　　　 n.胸部;胸膛 18.　　　　 adv.只是;仅仅;只不过 19.　　　　 vi.& vt.费心;麻烦;因……操心 n.麻烦;不便 20.　　　　 vi.& vt. (　　　　,　　　　)哭泣;流泪 21.　　　　 n.矛盾;冲突 vi.冲突;抵触 22.　　　　 n.语气;腔调;口吻
阅 读 词 汇 1.gesture　　　n.　　　　　　　 2.identical adj.　　　　　　　 3.waist n.　　　　　　　 4.fake adj.　　　　　　　 5.trial n.& v.　　　　　　　 6.nonverbal adj.　　　　　　　 7.slump vi.　　　　　　　 8.tick　　　　　vt.　　　　　　　 vi.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 9.chin n.　　　　　　　 10.distract vt.　　　　　　　 11.intervene vi.　　　　　　　 12.component n.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　　　　 n.交流;相互影响→　　　　 vi.相互交流;相互影响→　　　　 adj.互动的;相互影响的 2.　　　　 vi.(根据情况)变化;改变→　　　　 adj.不同的;各种各样的→　　　　 n.多样性;变化;种类
拓 展 词 汇 3.　　　　 adj.合适的;恰当的→　　　　 adj.不合适的;不恰当的→　　　　 adv.合适地;恰当地→　　　　 adv.不合适地;不恰当地 4.　　　　 vi.赞成;同意 vt.批准;通过→　　　　 n.赞成;同意;批准→　　　　 adj.赞许的;赞成的→　　　　 vi.不赞成;不同意→　　　　 n.不赞成;不同意 5.　　　　 vt.表现;表达;说明;证明→　　　　 n.证明;演示;示威游行 6.　　　　 vt.使用;应用;雇用→　　　　 n.雇员;受雇者→　　　　 n.雇主;雇用者→　　　　 n.雇用;聘用→　　　　 adj.失业的;未被使用的 7.　　　　 vi.相异;不同于→　　　　 adj.不同的;有差异的→　　　　 n.差别;差异→　　　　 adj.漠不关心的;不感兴趣的 8.　　　　 vt.较喜欢;选择;有利于 n.帮助;恩惠;赞同→　　　　 adj.赞同的;有利的→　　　　 adj.特别受喜爱的 n.最喜欢的(人/物) 9.　　　　 n.愤怒;怒气 vt.使生气;激怒→　　　　 adj.愤怒的;生气的→　　　　 adv.生气地;愤怒地 10.　　　　 adj.可靠的;可信赖的→　　　　 adj.不可靠的→　　　　 vi.依赖;信赖 11.　　　　 adj.轻微的;略微的;细小的→　　　　 adv.略微;稍微 12.　　　　 vt.评估;评价→　　　　 n.评价;评定→　　　　 n.评估者;顾问 13.　　　　 vt.使更清晰易懂;阐明;澄清→　　　　 n.澄清;解释;说明 14.　　　　 n.教师;教育工作者;教育家→　　　　 vt.教育→　　　　 adj.受过教育的;有教养的→　　　　 n.教育→　　　　 adj.教育的;有教育意义的 15.　　　　 n.趋势;倾向→　　　　 vt.& vi.倾向于;照料;护理 16.　　　　 adv.几乎不;勉强才能;刚刚→ 　　　　 adj.赤裸的;光秃秃的 17.　　　　 vt.占据;占用→　　　　 adj.使用中;忙于;被占领的→　　　　 n.占领;职业 18.　　　　 vi.& vt.区分;辨别→　　　　 adj.卓越的;杰出的 19.　　　　 n.焦虑;担心;害怕→　　　　 adj.忧虑的;焦虑的;渴望的→　　　　 adv.焦虑地 20.　　　　 adj.难堪的;尴尬的→　　　　 adj.使人难堪的;令人尴尬的→　　　　 vt.使窘迫;使尴尬→　　　　 n.难堪;窘迫 21.　　　　 adj.羞愧;惭愧→　　　　 n.羞耻;羞愧;让人遗憾的事→ 　　　　 adj.可耻的→　　　　 adj.无耻的;没廉耻的 22.　　　　 vi.& vt.询问;打听→　　　　 n.询问;调查→　　　　 n.询问者;调查者 23.　　　　 adv.最终;最后→　　　　 adj.最终的;最后的;根本的 n.终极;顶点 24.　　　　 vt.调整;调节 vi.& vt.适应;(使)习惯→　　　　 adj.可调整的;可调节的→　　　　 n.调整;调节;适应 25.　　　　 vi.(对……)起反应;回应;(对食物等)有不良反应→　　　　 n.反应;副作用
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　　　在……到……之间变化 2.　　　　　　　 对……适合 3.　　　　　　　 相比之下 4.　　　　　　　 赞同 5.　　　　　　　 (与……)相比较 6.　　　　　　　 推理;推断 7.　　　　　　　 通过;渡过(难关) 8.　　　　　　　 消除;分解;打破 9.　　　　　　　　　　直起来;整理;收拾整齐 10.　　　　　　　 换句话说;也就是说 11.　　　　　　　 (短暂地)访问;要求(某人讲话等);正式邀请 12.　　　　　　　 费心地做某事 13.　　　　　　　 有某种影响;在工作 14.　　　　　　　 对……作出反应 15.　　　　　　　 握手
重 点 句 型 1.通过观察人们的肢体语言,我们可以洞察他们的想法。(what引导宾语从句) We can learn a lot about 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 by watching their body language. 2.使用肢体语言时,最重要的是要符合你所处的文化。(动词-ing形式作表语;that引导定语从句) The crucial thing is 　　　　　　　　　　　　 in a way 　　　　　　　　　　　 you are in. 3.当我们感到沮丧或孤单时,最美好的事情莫过于看到好友的笑脸。(“否定词+比较级”表达最高级含义) And if we are feeling down or lonely,there is 　　　　　　　　　　　　 seeing the smiling face of a good friend. 4.当然,不是所有抬着头的学生都是在认真听课。(部分否定) Of course,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 is paying attention in class. 5.尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的,但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。(while引导让步状语从句) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled.
动词、名词变形容词的后缀“-ing”集锦:
①amuse→amusing 有趣的;逗乐的　　　　　　②exist→existing 现存的;现行的
③excite→exciting 令人兴奋的 ④frighten→frightening 令人恐惧的
⑤interest→interesting 有趣的 ⑥surprise→surprising 令人惊讶的
⑦amaze→amazing 令人惊叹的 ⑧charm→charming 迷人的;有魅力的
⑨disappoint→disappointing 令人失望的 ⑩relax→relaxing 令人放松的
challenge→challenging 挑战性的 tire→tiring 累人的;令人疲倦的
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)My wife suggested I get in touch with my brother,but I resisted,thinking he should call first.However,my conscience(良心)kept 　　　　 (bother) me. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)A decent winner always tries to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture (　　　　) of respect for the other side. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Most of the essays filled less than one page,and few contained a sentence that could be 　　　　 (interpret) as a thesis statement. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)“The players’ personalities 　　　　　　　　(reveal) during the game,and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷) Catherine Murphy,a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat,makes sure that each customer gets exactly 　　　　 they order. 6.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Helping the community 　　　　 (lower) rates of depression. 7.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)From technological solutions to 　　　　 (education) campaigns,food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we’re already growing. 8.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Getting to Shrewsbury Town Center from London is challenging but worth the 　　　　 (anxious). 9.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues,which 　　　　 (ultimate) led her to getting surgery. 10.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)The pronunciation system of the Chinese language is quite 　　　　 (differ) from that of English.
11.(2025·浙江1月卷)Kevin 　　　　 (stare) at the man at their front door.Suddenly,the man jumped through an open window into the house. 12.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) The reasons relate to a 　　　　 (vary) of factors,including reduced concentration,an entertainment mindset and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content. 13.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The 　　　　 (differ) between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper’s physical properties. 14.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) These plants included modern Western 　　　　 (favourite) such as rosemary,lavender and fennel. 15.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Those who are dressed 　　　　 (inappropriate) will be refused permission to participate. 16.(2024·浙江1月卷)The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human 　　　　 (interact). 17.(2024·浙江1月卷)Then I noticed folk conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous books on 　　　　 (vary) subjects there. 18.(2024·全国甲卷)A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism,while 　　　　 (eat) small,healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. 19.(2024·全国甲卷)Join instructors from the Ceramics Program and great potters from Quincy,Cabot and Mather Houses for 　　　　 (demonstrate) using the potter’s wheel. 20.(2024·北京卷) The 　　　　 (approve) of others is rewarding,while their disapproval is strongly disliked. 21.(2024·北京卷) Because arguing 　　　　 (anger) leads to chaos,it was strongly discouraged. 22.(2024·北京卷)However,hedgehogs remain open to others’ 　　　　 (react) and inputs. 23.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)From a 21st-century point of view,the printed book is certainly ancient,but it remains as 　　　　 (interact) as any battery-powered e-reader. 24.(2023·浙江1月卷)She was covered in spider-webs and was 　　　　 (bare) able to move her wings. 25.(2022·新课标Ⅰ卷)Class activities will vary from day 　　　　 day,but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings...
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.approve vi.赞成;同意 vt.批准;通过
①The manager gave his 　　　　 to the proposal,and the team was pleased with his 　　　　 nod during the meeting.(approve)
②[申请信] 如果您能批准我们的提议,我将不胜感激。
→I’d appreciate it 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(approve)
→I’d appreciate it 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(approval)
2.differ vi.相异;不同于
①The twins look alike but differ 　　　　 personality—one is outgoing,the other shy.
②[建议信] 在日程安排上,我和你的意见略有不同,我认为我们需要更多的时间来准备。
I slightly 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,as I think we need more time for preparation.
③她们是双胞胎姐妹,很难在外貌上把她们区分开。然而,她们有不同的习惯。但那没有影响,她们相处得很融洽。
They are twin sisters.It’s hard to 　　　　　　　　　　　　 between them in appearance.However,they 　　　　　　　　　　　　 each other in their habits.But that
　　　　　　　　　　　　 and they get on very well.
3.favour vt.较喜欢;选择;有利于 n.帮助;恩惠;赞同
①[邀请信] Thank you for considering our invitation and we are looking forward to your 　　　　(favour) response.
②无论何时我们面临困难,我们的老师都会帮助我们。
Whenever we are faced with difficulties,our teachers will 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
③[建议信] 如果你有任何问题,不要犹豫向我求助。
If you have any questions,don’t hesitate to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
④[主旨升华] 请记住,机会和成功往往青睐那些有准备的人。
Keep in mind that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
4.occupy vt.占据;占用
①My sister Mary is 　　　　 with her 　　　　,which 　　　　 most of her time every day.(occupy)
②[主旨升华] True happiness doesn’t lie in being occupied 　　　　 endless work,but in finding meaning in what you do.
③[道歉信] 我忙于准备考试,因此不能和你一起去看电影了。
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,so I couldn’t go to the cinema with you.(occupied)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I couldn’t go to the cinema with you.(现在分词短语作状语)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, I couldn’t go to the cinema with you.(过去分词短语作状语)
5.adjust vt.调整;调节 vi.& vt.适应;(使)习惯
①To our amazement,the school chairs are 　　　　,so children can make some 　　　　 according to their heights.(adjust)
②[建议信] It’s helpful to adjust yourself 　　　　 the pace of senior high school by making a daily to-do list.
③[通知] 因台风临近,运动会将对赛程做出临时调整。
The sports meet will 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the schedule due to the approaching typhoon.
④她过了一段时间才适应独自在国外生活。
6.break down消除;分解;打破;(机器)出故障;(谈判、计划等)失败;(身体)垮掉
①[神态描写] 当团队赢得期待已久的辩论赛时,她突然露出灿烂的笑容。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 when her team won the long-awaited debate competition.
②[主旨升华] 要想追逐梦想,我们需要挣脱恐惧,打破想象与现实的壁垒。
To pursue dreams,we must 　　　　　　　　　　　　 and 　　　　　　　　　　　　 between imagination and reality.
③The experiment 　　　　　　　　,which made me really disappointed.I 　　　　　　　 tears.But with the encouragement of my colleagues,I didn’t give up and made some adjustments to the experiment.At last,I made it!Moreover,I 　　　　　　　　 in this experiment.
7.“否定词+比较级”表达最高级含义
[教材原句] And if we are feeling down or lonely,there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.
当我们感到沮丧或孤单时,最美好的事情莫过于看到好友的笑脸。
①莉莉向我走来,对我说:“我从没见过比你更热心的人了。”
Lily walked to me and said to me,“I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.”
②[主旨升华] 对我们来说,没有什么比向处在困境中的人传递善意更有意义了。
To us,nothing is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to those in trouble.
③This is the most interesting movie I have ever seen.
→I have 　　　　 seen 　　　　　　　　　　　　 movie than this one.
④In my opinion,health is the most important.
→In my opinion,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
8.部分否定
[教材原句] Of course,not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class.
当然,不是所有抬着头的学生都是在认真听课。
①[报道] 近期调查显示并非所有学生偏爱在线学习,40%的学生更青睐线下课程。
A recent survey shows that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,with 40% favouring offline classes.
②[心理描写] 演讲前没有什么能让他平静,因为他从未站上过如此大的舞台。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,as he had never stood on such a big stage.
③[主旨升华] 并非所有梦想都能实现,但这并不意味着我们应该停止筑梦。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,but that doesn’t mean we should stop dreaming.
9.while引导让步状语从句
[教材原句] While it is easy to perceive when students are interested,bored,or distracted,it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled.
尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的,但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。
①Mike enjoys outdoor activities,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (然而他弟弟更喜欢室内活动).
②[邀请信] 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我们希望您能停留片刻) after the ceremony to share your thoughts with new students.
③[主旨升华] 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (尽管我们不能预测未来会发生什么),we can guide ourselves with determination and love.
④[动作描写] While he was listening to the teacher,he nodded occasionally,seeming to understand.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,he nodded occasionally,seeming to understand.(省略形式)
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] The crucial thing is ①using body language in a way ②that is appropriate to the culture ③you are in.
尝试分析:本句为复合句。句子主干为“主系表”结构。①为动词-ing形式作　　　　;②为that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词　　　　;③为省略了关系代词　　　　的定语从句,修饰先行词　　　　　　　　。
自主翻译:
情境仿写:使用表情和手势时,困难的是要符合听者所处的文化。
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice.
　　　　　　　
②(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution.　　　　　　　
③(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Moreover,these data are biased and favour certain regions,time periods,and species.　　　　　　　
④(2023·全国甲卷) Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still be employed today to draw attention to important truths.　　　　　　　
⑤(2021·全国甲卷) Southbank,at an eastern bend in the Thames,is the center of British skateboarding,where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing.
　　　　　　　
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
(1)Her anxiety① for success drove her to study hard,but the upcoming exam filled her with anxiety② and nervousness.
她对成功的①　　　驱使她努力学习,但是即将到来的考试使她充满了②　　　　和紧张。
(2)The old printer broke down① again,leaving us anxious.We tried to fix it,but our efforts broke down②.All of these made us break down③ emotionally.Ultimately,we had no choice but to seek help.
那台旧打印机又①　　　　,让我们很着急。我们试图修理它,但我们的努力②　　　　了。这一切让我们③　　　　。最后,我们别无选择,只能寻求帮助。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for 　　　　 (differ) modes of transport.
2.(2025·浙江1月卷)Instead,she recommends applying a well-known concept...where parents provide a 　　　　 (vary) of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times...
3.(2023·全国甲卷)You should learn to say to yourself,“This is 　　　　 (mere) uncomfortable, not intolerable.” You’ll then gradually become more patient.
4.Studies have found that children who spend more time outside tend to be healthier,better 　　　　 (adjust),and better at dealing with stress.
5.The positive 　　　　 (interact) between the teacher and students made the class lively and engaging.
6.[邀请信] I still remember your 　　　　　 (embarrass) expression when you forgot lines—join our drama club to build confidence!
7.[建议信] Putting ourselves in their shoes is of great importance when we have conflicts 　　　　 our friends.
8.We are looking for someone who is 　　　　 (rely) and hard-working.
9.I have a 　　　　 (tend) to talk too much when I’m nervous.
10.The last twenty years 　　　　　　　　 (witness) the great advances made by this company in technology.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 投稿征文—人际沟通—肢体语言
假设你是李华,请你以“Body Language”为主题用英语写一篇文章,向你校英文报社投稿。
[场景演练]
1.在与他人交流时,我们倾向于使用肢体语言来更生动地表达我们的想法。(interact,tendency,employ)
2.众所周知,不同的文化有着不同的肢体语言。(vary)
3.例如,在有些国家,点头表示不同意,而在其他国家则表示赞同。(approval)
4.某些肢体语言有着许多不同的用法,其中最佳的例子就是微笑了。
5.微笑有很多作用。它可以用来道歉、问候某人、打破隔阂。(break down,barrier)
6.为了更好地促进跨文化交流,我们应该恰当地使用肢体语言。(appropriately)
[句式升级]
1.将第1句用while引导的状语从句的省略形式进行改写升级。
2.将第2句用it作形式主语进行改写升级。
3.将第4句用which引导的定语从句进行改写升级。
4.将第5句用含有not only...but also...的倒装句式进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
nervous 紧张的 tense 紧张的;担心的 anxious 焦虑的 uneasy 不安的;忧虑的 concerned 担心的;忧虑的 restless 坐立不安的 tremble with nervousness 紧张得发抖 shift from foot to foot 双脚来回挪动 breathing becomes shallow 呼吸变得急促 紧张、 不安 with butterflies in one’s stomach 心里七上八下/发慌 pace nervously back and forth 紧张地来回踱步 on pins and needles 如坐针毡 (heart) pounds/beats/races wildly/violently 心怦怦直跳 (heart) jumps to one’s mouth 心提到了嗓子眼 scratch one’s head nervously 紧张地挠头 with one’s heart racing and hands sweating 心跳加速、手心冒汗 (face) turns pale 脸色变得苍白 (mind) goes blank 大脑一片空白
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.vital　　　　adj.必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的 2.obtain vt.(尤指经努力)获得;赢得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在;流行 3.defeat n.失败;挫败 vt.击败;战胜 4.insist vi.& vt.坚持;坚决要求 5.mostly adv.主要地;一般地 6.flee vi.& vt.(fled,fled) 迅速离开;逃跑 7.circumstance n.[usually pl.]条件;环境; 状况 8.flow n.流;流动;流畅;供应 vi.流;流动 9.found　　　　 vt.创建;建立;把……建立在 10.numerous adj.众多的;许多的 11.extraordinary adj.不一般的;非凡的;意想不到的 12.encounter vt.偶然碰到;遇到 n.邂逅;遭遇 13.mourn vt.& vi.哀悼;忧伤 14.device n.方法;技巧;装置;仪器 15.sum vi.总结;概括 n.金额;款项;总数;总和 16.draft n.草稿;草案 vt.起草;草拟
阅 读 词 汇 1.physiology　　n.生理学;生理机能 2.artemisinin n.[药]青蒿素 3.malaria n.疟疾 4.property n.性质;特征;财产 5.extract n.提取物;摘录 vt.提取;提炼;摘录;(用力)拔出 6.wormwood n.蒿;洋艾 7.liquid n.液体 adj.液体的;液态的 8.substance n.物质;物品;事实根据 9.penicillin n.青霉素;盘尼西林 10.chart n.图表 vt.记录;制订计划 11.theory　　　n.理论;学说 12.formula n.公式;方程式;配方 13.genius n.(pl.geniuses) 天才;天资;天赋 14.patent n.专利;专利证书;获得专利 adj.有专利的;受专利保护的 15.doctorate n.博士学位 16.photoelectric adj.光电的 17.institution n.社会公共机构;制度; 习俗 18.institute n.(教育、专业等)机构;机构建筑 19.moustache n.上唇的胡子;髭 20.peculiarity n.个性;特点;怪异的性质 21.professor n.教授
拓 展 词 汇 1.crucial adj.至关重要的;关键性的→crucially adv.关键地;至关重要地 2.commit vt.承诺;保证 vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→committed adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的→commitment n.承诺;奉献;投入 3.academy n.(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院;学会;专科院校→academic adj.学业的;学术的→academically adv.学术上地;学业上 4.objective n.目标;目的 adj.客观的→object n.物体;目标;对象 v.反对→objection n.反对;异议→objectively adv.客观地 5.botanical adj.植物学的→botany n.植物学→botanist n.植物学家 6.evaluate vt.评价;评估→evaluation n.评价;评估 7.distinct adj.清晰的;清楚的;有区别的→distinction n.差别;区分→distinctly adv.清楚地 8.boil vt.& vi.(使)沸腾;煮开;烧开 n.沸腾;沸点→boiling adj.沸腾的;酷热的→boiled adj.煮熟的→boiler n.锅炉; 热水器
拓 展 词 汇 9.acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢→acknowledged adj.公认的→acknowledgement n.承认;感谢 10.analyse vt.分析→analysis n.[pl.analyses] 分析 11.apparently adv.显而易见;看来;显然→apparent adj.显然的;表面上的 12.scientific adj.科学(上)的;关于科学的→science n.科学→scientist n.科学家 13.conclusion n.结论;推论→conclude v.结束;断定;推断出→conclusive adj.决定性的 14.novel n.(长篇)小说→novelist n.小说家→novelty n.新奇;新奇事物 15.infer vt.推断;推定→inference n.推断;结论 16.politician n.从政者;政治家;政客→politics n.政治→political adj.政治 (上)的 17.relativity n.相对论;相对性→relative adj.相对的→relatively adv.相对地 18.gentle adj.温柔的;文静的→gently adv.温柔地;文静地 19.passion n.酷爱;激情→passionate adj.酷爱的;激情的→passionately adv.酷爱地;激情地 20.gradually adv.逐渐地;逐步地→gradual adj.逐渐的;逐步的 21.consequence n.结果;后果→consequent adj.随之发生的;作为结果的→consequently adv.因此;结果 22.remarkable adj.非凡的;显著的→remarkably adv.显著地;非凡地→remark n.言论;评论
重 点 词 块 1.lead to　　　　　　　　　导致 2.commit oneself to (sth/doing sth/do sth) 承诺;保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等) 3.in the beginning 起初 4.a collection of 一批;一堆 5.insist on 坚决要求 6.come to power (开始)掌权;上台 7.as a consequence　　　　结果;因此 8.take up a position 担任;任职 9.sum up 总结;概括 10.with the objective of 旨在 11.get stuck 陷入困境 12.by chance 偶然 13.make sure 确保
重 点 句 型 1.随后,该药物试用于疟疾患者,其中大多数人康复了。(“介词+关系代词”引导的定语 从句) Later,the medicine was tested on malaria patients,most of whom recovered. 2.当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,她说:“这份荣誉不仅仅属于我……” (on/upon doing sth结构) Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize,she said,“The honour is not just mine...” 3.他为世界作出了无数的贡献,最为出名的当数广义相对论和著名的方程式E=mc2。(独立主格结构) He made numerous contributions to the world,the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc2. 4.1955年4月18日,噩耗传来爱因斯坦与世长辞,全世界都哀悼一代科学巨星的陨落。(it is reported that) On 18 April 1955,it was reported that Einstein had passed away,and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist.
动词、名词变形容词的后缀“-able/-ible”集锦:
①remark→remarkable非凡的　　②value→valuable有价值的　　③accept→acceptable可接受的
④comfort→comfortable舒适的 ⑤change→changeable易变的 ⑥adjust→adjustable 可调整的
⑦move→movable可移动的 ⑧suit→suitable合适的 ⑨adapt→adaptable能适应的
⑩access→accessible可接近的 horror→horrible恐怖的 sense→sensible明智的
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)In the study,boiling(boil) hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Crucially(crucial),this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate to trap the plastics. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Liquid (液态的) ammonia is easy to keep and transport,but it is hard to ignite and requires an engine redesign. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Fortunately,analyses(analysis) suggest that renewables are up to the task.“We need to speed up the development of green energy,and it will all get used,”says Wipke. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Scientists (science) are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are—but what they do know has raised concerns. 6.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Catherine Murphy,a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat,makes sure(确保) that each customer gets exactly what they order. 7.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Restaurants like Silo in the UK have experimented with zero-waste systems,but wastED took the concept to its logical conclusion (conclude). 8.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)“Students who are around plants perform better academically(academic) than students who are in a classroom without plants,” says Knuth. 9.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Once in a lecture,the professor (教授) tried repeating my name after me over and over in front of thirty classmates. 10.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Determined to turn her life around,Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a healthy lifestyle,before discovering a passion (激情) for weightlifting. 11.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an explosion in the houseplant industry. 12.(2025·浙江1月卷)Allowing kids to eat what they want also exposes them to the natural consequences (后果) of their decisions. 13.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)They have good reasons for driving their kids to school,mostly (主要的) to do with safety and convenience. 14.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)“We are passionate (passion) about reducing waste,carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee. 15.(2024·浙江1月卷)All the different hallways and rooms were too much to think about,let alone commit to memory. 16.(2024·浙江1月卷)Due to the lack of scientific (science) proof concerning their impacts,no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. 17.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Each chapter concludes(conclude) with a collection of practices,which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. 18.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Program evaluations (evaluate) show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. 19.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Besides,working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students,many of whom have emotional control issues. 20.(2023·浙江1月卷)I parked my car outside the farm and walked past a milking house which had apparently (apparent) not been used in many years. 21.(2023·全国甲卷)The Socrates Express is a fun,sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually (gradual) pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire,loneliness,and aging. 22.(2021·浙江6月卷)He showed us that even a single desire,never given up on,can make for a remarkable (remark) life.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.vital adj.必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的
①It is vital to learn(learn) something about traditional Chinese culture.
②He played a vital role in the success of the football match.
③Sustainable farming methods are vital to/for ensuring food security and protecting soil health.
④[建议信] 在中国,当你参加宴会时,注意餐桌礼仪是至关重要的。
→When attending a dinner party in China,it is vital that you (should) mind your table manners.(It is vital that...)
→It is vital to mind your table manners when you attend a dinner party in China.(It is vital to do sth)
2.commit vt.承诺;保证 vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)
①[人物介绍]Tu Youyou,a committed and patient scientist,believes that people should be
committed to what they do because excellence is only possible with commitment.(commit)
②作为个人,我致力于通过随身携带可重复使用的容器来减少塑料浪费。
As an individual,I am committed to reducing plastic waste by bringing reusable containers everywhere.
③[建议信]我强烈建议你每天花一个小时读英语,这一定会对你的英语口语有益。
I strongly suggested that you should commit one hour to reading English on a daily basis,which will be undoubtedly beneficial to your spoken English.
作“致力于做某事”讲时的同义结构有:devote oneself to doing sth,be dedicated to doing sth,apply oneself to (doing) sth等。
3.acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢
①With no solid evidence,the thief refused to acknowledge stealing/having stolen (steal) the lady’s purse.
②[人物介绍]Professor Yang Zhenning was acknowledged as one of the world’s greatest physicists.
③The award is an acknowledgement (acknowledge) of her outstanding contribution to the field of medicine.
④It is generally/widely acknowledged that (人们普遍认为) Fan Zhongyan was one of the most influential figures in Chinese history.
⑤[感谢信] I acknowledge my English teacher (我感谢我的英语老师),without whom I couldn’t have made such great progress in English.
4.insist vi.& vt.坚持;坚决要求
①The old lady insisted that Tom had stolen (steal) the car and he (should) be sent (send) to the police.
②The customer insisted that the faulty product (should) be replaced (replace) immediately.
③[建议信]只有当我们坚持定期锻炼时,我们才能保持身心健康。
Only when we insist on/upon taking regular exercise can we keep physically and mentally healthy.
5.conclusion n.结论;推论;结尾
①[演讲稿]In conclusion,we should pay more attention to environmental protection for the future of our planet.
②The professor concluded his lecture with an interesting story,which left a deep impression on the students.
③[主旨升华]我从自己的经历中得出结论:家庭是人生暴风雨中的救生衣。
→I concluded from my own experience that family is a life jacket in the stormy sea of life.
(conclude)
→I came to/reached/arrived at/drew a conclusion from my own experience that family is a life jacket in the stormy sea of life.(conclusion)
除in conclusion外,表示“最后,总之”之意的短语还有:to conclude,in short,in a word,in brief,all in all,to sum up,on the whole,in summary等。
6.circumstance n.[usually pl.] 条件;环境;状况
①[致歉信]Under/In the circumstances,we had no choice but to cancel the outdoor activities.
②A true friend will stand by you in any circumstances (circumstance).
③[主旨升华] 在任何情况下我们都不应该放弃我们的梦想。
Under no circumstances/In no case/By no means should we give up our dreams.
7.consequence n.结果;后果
①I carelessly got the plan ruined,and consequently I had to face the consequences.(consequent)
②她忘了给手机充电,结果错过了客户打来的一个重要电话。
She forgot to charge her phone,and as a consequence/in consequence/consequently,she missed an important call from her client.
③[演讲稿] 由于气候变化,飓风和干旱等极端天气事件变得越来越频繁。
As a consequence of climate change,extreme weather events such as hurricanes and droughts are becoming increasingly frequent.
8.take up a position 担任;任职
①After taking over the firm from his father,Mike took in many advanced ideas and took on some experienced and hard-working workers.
②With the development of science and technology,our life has taken on a new look and smartphones have taken off.However,smartphones not only take up our valuable time,but also do harm to our health to a certain extent.
9.on/upon doing sth 结构
[教材原句]Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize,she said,“The honour is not just mine...”
当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,她说:“这份荣誉不仅仅属于我……”
①When I arrived home,I found the TV was on.
→On/Upon arriving home,I found the TV was on.
②[情感描写]We were filled with excitement when we thought of visiting the Great Wall.
→We were filled with excitement at the thought of visiting the Great Wall.
③No sooner had I presented our research findings to the class (我刚向全班展示完我们的研究成果) than the class burst into applause.
④[场景描写]Hardly/Scarcely had she stepped onto the stage (她刚走上舞台) when the audience broke out thunderous applause.
10.状语从句的省略
[教材原句]While working there,out of a strong passion for knowledge,he continued to study,earning a doctorate in physics in 1905.
在那里工作期间,出于对知识的渴求,他继续学习,并于1905年获得了物理学博士学位。
①[邀请信]While we are preparing for the coming festival,we plan to hold a big party and sincerely invite you to join us.
→While preparing for the coming festival,we plan to hold a big party and sincerely invite you to join us.
②[活动介绍]Though we were very exhausted,we thought it worthwhile to take part in the activity.
→Though very exhausted,we thought it worthwhile to take part in the activity.
③[动作描写]She stared at the broken vase as if she were trying to figure out how it had happened.
→She stared at the broken vase as if trying to figure out how it had happened.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句]①When he was 16,he tried to enter university in Switzerland,but failed due to his low scores in the general part of the entrance exam,②despite obtaining exceptional scores in maths and physics.
尝试分析:本句是一个but连接的并列复合句,①是when引导的时间状语从句,②是despite构成的介词短语作状语。
自主翻译:16岁时,他报考瑞士的大学,尽管入学考试中的数学和物理成绩十分优异,但是因为通识部分的成绩低而未被录取。
情境仿写:在读高中时,他被选去参加全国英语口语比赛,尽管做了充分的准备,但是因为在演讲中太紧张,他表现欠佳。
When he was in high school,he was chosen to participate in a National Spoken English Competition,but he performed not well due to his nervousness in the lecture,despite making full preparations.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.acknowledge
A.v.承认　　　　　　B.vt.告知收悉
C.vt.(公开)感谢 D.vt.(微笑、挥手等)致意
①The author acknowledged the support of her family in the book’s preface.　C　
②She is widely acknowledged as an expert in environmental science.　A　
③All applications will be acknowledged.　B　
④She acknowledged her neighbour with a warm smile while walking the dog.　D　
2.take up
A.学着做,开始做　　　　 B.占据(空间)
C.接受(提议/挑战/机会) D.继续
①The bookshelf takes up almost half of the small bedroom.　B　
②Bob plans to take up a second language to strengthen his competitive edge in the job market.
　A　
③Let’s take up the discussion from where we left off before the lunch break.　D　
④Are you going to take up the challenge of starting your own business 　C　
3.写出语段中黑体词的含义
Before the exam,I tried to sum① the data in the chart,but the sum② of various figures confused me.The teacher said the final exam has a total sum③ of 50 points,covering both written and oral parts.To help us review,she asked us to sum up④ the main formulas in each chapter.
考试前,我尝试①计算图表中数据的和,但各类数字的②总和让我犯了迷糊。老师说,期末考试③总分50分包括笔试和口试部分。为了帮助我们复习,她让我们④总结每章的主要公式。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct,
researchers and citizen scientists(science) have collected billions of records.
2.(2024·全国甲卷)For instance,almost all animals have distinct (distinction) vocals that they rely on to either ask for help,scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter.
3.What can be inferred (infer) about the adoption of the sugar tax policy
4.She spends her weekends mostly (most) reading books and watching movies at home.
5.After two years,the second group saw remarkable (remark) improvements in heart health.
6.She is widely acknowledged (acknowledge) as the best table tennis player in the world.
7.We persuaded her to come to the party with us,but she insisted (insist) that she was too tired.
8.She gently (gentle) wiped away her daughter’s tears,whispering,“Everything will be okay.”
9.She is a passionate (passion) teacher who inspires her students to love literature.
10.It is widely known that he is one of the most popular novelists (novel).
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入]说明文—人物介绍—著名科学家钱学森
假设你是李华,你校学生会准备办一期英语墙报,请你用英文介绍一下我国著名的科学家钱学森。
[场景演练]
1.钱学森是中国最伟大的科学家之一。由于他在中国航空航天工业方面的杰出成就,他被誉为“中国航天之父”。(remarkable, acknowledge)
Qian Xuesen is one of the most remarkable scientists of China.He is widely acknowledged as “the father of China’s aerospace” owing to his outstanding achievements in China’s aerospace industry.
2.他于1911年12月11日出生于上海,从小酷爱学习。(passion)
He was born in Shanghai on 11 December 1911 and he had a great passion for learning since his childhood.
3.从上海交通大学毕业后,他前往美国深造,并于1939年获得了航空和数学博士学位。(obtain)
After graduating from Shanghai Jiao Tong University, he went to America for his further study and obtained his doctorates in aerospace science and mathematics in 1939.
4.他回到中国后,致力于中国航空航天事业。(commit)
After returning to China, he committed himself to China’s aerospace industry.
5.尽管遇到许多困难,但在他的带领下,中国最终成功发射了第一颗人造卫星。(encounter, numerous)
Though encountering numerous difficulties,under his leadership,China finally succeeded in launching the first man-made satellite.
[句式升级]
1.将第1句用定语从句进行改写升级。
Qian Xuesen, who is one of the most remarkable scientists of China, is widely acknowledged as “the father of China’s aerospace” owing to his outstanding achievements in China’s aerospace industry.
2.将第3句用现在分词作状语进行改写升级。
Having graduated from Shanghai Jiao Tong University, he went to America for his further study and obtained his doctorates in aerospace science and mathematics in 1939.
[连句成篇]
Qian Xuesen,who is one of the most remarkable scientists of China,is widely acknowledged as “the father of China’s aerospace” owing to his outstanding achievements in China’s aerospace industry.
He was born in Shanghai on 11 December 1911 and he had a great passion for learning since his childhood.Having graduated from Shanghai Jiao Tong University,he went to America for his further study and obtained his doctorates in aerospace science and mathematics in 1939.After returning to China, he committed himself to China’s aerospace industry.Though encountering numerous difficulties,under his leadership,China finally succeeded in launching the first man-made satellite.
cheerful 开心的 delighted 愉快的 pleased 开心的 joyful 快乐的 content 满意的 fulfilled 满足的 thrilled 激动的 excited 兴奋的 a broad grin 咧嘴大笑 喜悦、 高兴、 激动 dance/jump for joy 高兴地跳舞/跳跃 bounce up and down 跳上跳下 wear a smiling face 面带微笑 be wild with delight 欣喜若狂 eyes twinkle with happiness眼里闪烁着快乐的光芒 be overcome with joy 被喜悦淹没 heart pounding with excitement心脏因激动而狂跳 be immersed in joy 沉浸在喜悦中 skip towards the stage 蹦跳着走向舞台
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.tackle　　　vt.解决(难题);应付(局面);处理 2.boost vt.使增长;使兴旺 n.增长;提高;激励 3.yield n.产量;产出 vt.出产(作物);产生(收益、效益等) vi.屈服;让步 4.intense adj.热切的;十分强烈的;激烈的 5.overcome vt.(overcame,overcome)克服;解决;战胜 6.output n.产量;输出;输出量 vt.(output,output)输出 7.estimate vt.估计;估价;估算 n.估计;估算 8.comprise vt.包括;包含;由……组成 9. generate vt.产生;引起 10. leisure　　　　n.闲暇;休闲;空闲 11.soil n.泥土;土壤;国土;领土 12.vision n.想象;视力;视野;影像 13.alleviate vt.减轻;缓解 14.widespread adj.分布广的;普遍的;广泛的 15.digest vt.& vi.消化 vt.领会;领悟 n.摘要;文摘 16.essential adj.完全必要的;极其重要的 17. mineral n.矿物;矿物质 18.alternative n.可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的;非传统的 19.instance n.例子;实例;事例 20. root n.根;根茎;根部;根源 21.aspect n.方面;层面
阅 读 词 汇 1.hybrid　　　　n.杂交植(动)物;合成物;混合动力车 2.crisis n.(pl.crises) 危机;危急关头 3.characteristic n.特征;特点;品质 adj.典型的;独特的 4.pollinate vt.授粉;传粉 5.domestic adj.本国的;国内的;家用的;家庭的 6.strain n.(动、植物的)系;品种;拉伤;压力 7.celebrity n.名望;名誉;名人;名流 8.envision vt.展望;想象 9.sorghum n.高粱;高粱米 10.broom　　　n.扫把;扫帚;金雀花 11.grain n.谷物;谷粒;颗粒 12.urban adj.城市的;都市的;城镇的 13.bomb n.炸弹 vt.轰炸;对……投炸弹 14.tunnel n.地下通道;地道;隧道 15.wheat n.小麦;小麦籽 16.flavour (NAmE -vor)n.味道;特点;特色 17.fertiliser (NAmE -izer) n.肥料 18.poverty n.贫穷;贫困 19.pesticide n.杀虫剂;除害药物 20.bacterium n.(pl.bacteria) 细菌 21.grocery n.食品杂货店;[pl.] 食品杂货
拓 展 词 汇 1.devote vt.把……献(给);把……专用于;专心于→devotion n.奉献;忠诚;挚爱→devoted adj.挚爱的;全心全意的;忠诚的 2.shortage n.不足;缺少;短缺→short adj.短的;矮的;缺乏的;简略的→shortly adv.不多时;不久→shorten vt.缩短 3.convince vt.使相信;使确信;说服→convincing adj.有说服力的;使人信服的→convinced adj.确信的;坚信的 4.attain vt.(通常经过努力)获得;得到→attainable adj.可获得的→attainment n.成就;获得 5.conventional adj.传统的;习惯的→convention n.习俗;惯例;常规 6.assumption n.假定;设定;(责任的)承担;(权力的)获得→assume v.假定;设想;承担→assuming conj.假定;假设 7.expand vt.& vi.扩大;增加 vt.扩展;发展(业务)→expansion n.扩大;扩张;扩充→expansive adj.广阔的;全面的 8.consumption n.消耗;消耗量;消费→consume vt.消费;消耗→consumer n.消费者;用户 9.reality n.现实;实际情况;事实→real adj.真实的→realise vt.实现;意识到→realistic adj.现实的 10.salty adj.含盐的;咸的→salt n.盐 11.extension n.扩建部分;扩大;电话分机→extend vt.伸开;展开;延伸→extensive adj.广阔的;大规模的; 广泛的 12.chemical adj.与化学有关的;化学的 n.化学制品;化学品→chemistry n.化学→chemically adv.化学上地→chemist n.化学家;药剂师 13.nutritional adj.营养(物)的→nutritious adj.有营养的;营养丰富的→nutrition n.营养;滋养 14.organic adj.有机的;不使用化肥的;有机物的→organ n.器官;机构→organically adv.有机地→organism n.生物体 15.depth n.向下(或向里)的距离;深(度)→deep adj.深的→deeply adv.深深地;强烈地→deepen vt.加深;(使)变深 16.entirely adv.全部地;完整地;完全地→entire adj.全部的;整个的
重 点 词 块 1.devote...to　　　　把……用于;献身;致力; 专心 2.be used for 被用于 3.be comprised of 包括;包含;由……组成 (或构成) 4.depend on 依靠;取决于 5.far from 远非;绝不是 6.deep down 在内心深处;本质上;实际上 7.care for 在意;喜欢 8.succeed in doing sth　　成功地做 某事 9.dream up 想出(尤指不同寻常的计划、主意) 10.in turn 相应地;转而;依次;轮流 11.cause damage to 对……造成伤害 12.be rich in 富含……;……含量高 13.switch to 转向 14.focus on 关注 15.for instance 例如;比如 16.fulfil one’s dream 实现某人的 梦想 17.turn to 转向;求助于
重 点 句 型 1.确实,他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。(“介词+whom”引导定语从句) Indeed,his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers,to whom he had devoted his life. 2.据估算,现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物……[“It+be+过去分词(短语)+that...”句型] Today,it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains... 3.考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有,人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。(given that引导条件状语 从句) Given that Yuan’s hybrids made him quite wealthy,one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure. 4.他们不能如愿的原因是化学耕作满足了全世界对食物的高要求。(what引导主语从句;that引导同位语从句) What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world.
动词、名词变形容词的后缀“-ive”集锦:
①expand→expansive 广阔的;全面的　　　②extension→extensive 广阔的;大规模的
③support→supportive 给予帮助的;支持的 ④protect→protective 保护的
⑤impress→impressive 令人印象深刻的 ⑥attract→attractive 有吸引力的
⑦effect→effective 有效的 ⑧persuade→persuasive 有说服力的
⑨act→active 活跃的 ⑩create→creative 有创造力的
defense→defensive 防御的;保护的 expense→expensive昂贵的
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)It’s estimated (estimate) that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷) Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are—but what they do know has raised concerns. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Although these campaigns were widespread (普遍的),the reality (real)is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)My given name Qiuyu (秋雨),for instance,happened to be a great challenge for many of them. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Volunteers are also more likely to look after their own health and are more focused on adding physical activity into their lives. 6.(2025·浙江1月卷)It really messed up my relationship with food — something that took me years to overcome(克服). 7.(2025·浙江1月卷)Led by the concept of “right plant,right place,” they match plants that enjoy the same soil(土壤),sun and weather conditions,and arrange them according to their patterns of growth. 8.(2025·浙江1月卷)Yet as Martin has found in her work,gender is one of the fundamental ways people form connections with objects,particularly those designed with human characteristics (特点). 9.(2025·浙江1月卷)“There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through,but I’m not convinced (convince) that food is one of them,” she says. 10.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) “I am not crazy,” says Dr William Farber,shortly (short) after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. 11.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Farber,a graduate of Colorado State University,started out as a more conventional (convention) veterinarian.
12.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) You’ll compete with fewer tourists,save money,experience a different side of a popular place,and boost (使增长) the economy when tourism is traditionally slower. 13.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)She says it is essential (完全必要的) that we keep control of artificial intelligence,or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. 14.(2024·北京卷)Instead,they are rooted (root) in the similarity of basic human needs and our shared mechanisms for learning and problem solving. 15.(2024·浙江1月卷)It would have been easy to rely on my assumptions (assume) about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. 16.(2024·全国甲卷)Take your time.It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious (nutrition) rather than just something to eat in between meetings. 17.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Within weeks,it had all been digested (digest),and all that was left was pure water. 18.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)They don’t have to be world-changing,just aspects (方面) of your personality that you’re proud of. 19.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)I post my work on social media and,in turn,have met some of the kindest people. 20.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Not the pandas,even though the language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. 21.(2023·全国乙卷)However,we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely (entire). 22.(2022·全国乙卷)There are alternatives (可供选择的事物) to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.devote vt.把……献(给);把……专用于;专心于
①[人物介绍] Mr Wang,a devoted scientist,devoted the rest of his life to scientific research and finally his selfless devotion paid off when he made a great breakthrough in his field.(devote)
②[环境保护] 总之,现在是我们应该致力于保护海洋的时候了。
All in all,it is high time that we devoted/should devote ourselves to protecting oceans.
③[人物介绍] Yuan Longping devoted himself to studying hybrid rice and he was respected by people all over the world.
→Devoted to studying hybrid rice,Yuan Longping was respected by people all over the world.(过去分词短语作状语)
→Devoting himself to studying hybrid rice,Yuan Longping was respected by people all over the world.(现在分词短语作状语)
2.convince vt.使相信;使确信;说服
①He tried to convince me of the news but he couldn’t provide convincing proof.However,I was convinced that he told me the truth.(convince)
②[动作描写] She kept talking for hours,trying to convince her friend to join (join) the school drama club.
③[心理描写] 盯着镜子,她努力让自己相信她能通过考试,但双手仍在颤抖。
Staring at the mirror,she tried to convince herself that she can pass the exam,but her hands kept trembling.
④[主旨升华]我坚信诚实的重要性,它有助于建设一个温暖、和谐的社会。
I’m firmly convinced of the significance of honesty,which will contribute to building a warm and harmonious society.
3.alternative n.可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的;非传统的
①[建议信] In order to refresh yourselves,you can drink a cup of coffee.Alternatively (alternative),you can drink some tea.
②[求助信] I have no alternative but to ask (ask) for your help—my laptop broke down and the essay is due tomorrow.
③[通知] There’s no alternative but to postpone (postpone) the sports meeting due to the heavy rain.
④[建议信] 乘坐公共汽车是驾车的一种替代方式,能减少碳排放。
Taking a bus is an alternative to driving and can reduce carbon emissions.
4.in turn 相应地;转而;依次;轮流
①[通知] All students should clean the classroom by turns every week.
②During the workshop,participants took turns to present (present) their ideas.
③In the past,our parents and teachers helped us in many aspects and in turn,we should give them a helping hand from now on.
④[情感描写] 很快,轮到我发言了。面对人群,我非常紧张,以至于忘记了准备好的演讲内容。
Soon,it was my turn to speak.Facing the crowd,I was so nervous that I forgot my prepared speech.
5.“It+be+过去分词(短语)+that...”句型
[教材原句] Today,it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains,and his strains have allowed China’s farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year.
据估算,现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物,这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。
①据估计,这场自然灾害造成的总经济损失将超过500万元。
It is estimated that the total economic loss caused by the natural disaster will exceed five million yuan.
②据说他在全国数学竞赛中获得了一等奖。
It was said that he had won first prize in the National Mathematics Competition.
③[抱怨信] 据估计,60%的学生不赞成这项决定。
It is estimated that 60% of students do not approve of this decision.
6.given that 引导条件状语从句
[教材原句] Given that Yuan’s hybrids made him quite wealthy,one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure.
考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有,人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。
①[传统文化]鉴于您对中国的传统节日端午节非常感兴趣,我写信向您介绍端午节。
Given that you are interested in the traditional Chinese festival— the Dragon Boat Festival,I am writing to introduce it to you.
②考虑到这对双胞胎没有做母亲节早餐的经验,父亲很乐意帮助她们,脸上洋溢着笑容。
Given that the twins had no experience in cooking a Mother’s Day breakfast,the father was willing to help them,with a smile spreading on his face.
③[活动介绍]考虑到我们学生需要更多的体育锻炼,我校上周日举行了一次越野赛跑。
Given that we students need more physical exercise,our school organised a cross-country running race last Sunday.
given that 在句中作连词,意思是“考虑到”;given 可用作介词,后跟名词,表示“考虑到;鉴于”。
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] However,①what concerned him most was ②that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.
尝试分析:这是一个主从复合句。①是what引导的名词性从句,在从句中作主语,②是that引导的表语从句,其中and连接两个并列分句。
自主翻译:然而,他最关心的是农民经常粮食歉收,有时甚至出现严重的食物短缺。
情境仿写:然而,给她留下最深刻印象的是这里优美的风景、热情好客的人们。
However,what impressed her most was that the scenery here was amazing and the people were hospitable.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.overcome
A.vt.克服,解决　　　　B.vt.打败,战胜
C.vt.使受巨大影响
①In the final game Sweden easily overcame France.　 B　
②They were overcome with great joy at the victory.　C　
③She managed to overcome her shyness,and stepped forwards to introduce herself.　A　
2.yield
A.vt.出产(作物);产生(收益、效益等)
B.vi.屈服;让步
C.v.(受压)活动,变形,折断
D.n.产量;产出
①The corn yield this year is 20% higher than last year.　D　
②Despite our attempts to break it,the lock would not yield.　C　
③She refused to yield to the customer’s unreasonable demands.　B　
④Favourable weather yields a good harvest.　A　
3.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·浙江1月卷)Compared to traditional garden plots,they increase carbon absorption,reduce stormwater runoff and boost habitat and biodiversity significantly.v.使改善;使增长
②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain.adj.可供替代的
③(2023·全国甲卷)Serving hard-to-find Thai dishes in an elegant atmosphere,the restaurant is true to Thai cuisine’s roots,yet still manages to add a special twist.n.(文化的)根基;根源
④(2022·新课标Ⅱ卷)But the hearts of those who participated in less intense exercise didn’t change,he says.adj.高强度的,剧烈的
⑤(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Back downtown during a workday,they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.adj.日常的,贴近生活的
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Print texts cannot be entirely (entire) replaced in education.
2.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey,Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens (short) it even more.
3.I have given the matter much thought,examining all the possible alternatives (alternative).
4.The scientist’s devotion (devote) to research led to a groundbreaking discovery.
5.The committee is comprised of experts from five different fields.
6.Outwardly,she seemed confident but in reality (real) she felt extremely nervous.
7.Researchers have found clear and convincing (convince) evidence that happiness is the key to better health and longer lives.
8.To work out the problem of water shortage (short),we can try to process the salty water.
9.I was impressed with the depth (deep) of her knowledge.
10.Assuming (assume) good weather,the sports meeting will be held on the playground.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 海报—科技与农业—有机蔬菜生产基地
假设你是李华,最近你参加了一个有机蔬菜生产基地的研学活动,请你根据下面的提示信息,用英语为“绿叶”有机蔬菜生产基地写一篇介绍性海报文章。要点如下:
1.坐落于城西;
2.历经20年已经发展成占地1 000多亩的大农场;
3.配备现代化设施,生产过程中不使用任何化肥;
4.蔬菜富含营养;
5.联系方式:Tel: 666888123; E-mail:GreenLeaf@
[场景演练]
1.你是否梦想过每天都可以品尝不使用化肥的有机蔬菜 请到“绿叶”——一个有机蔬菜基地。(organic,fertiliser)
Have you ever dreamt of tasting organic vegetables without chemical fertilisers every day Please go to Green Leaf—an organic vegetable base.
2.它坐落于城西,在过去的二十年里,已经扩展到一个占地1 000多亩的大农场。(be located in,expand,cover)
It is located in the west of the city.It has expanded to a big farm in the past two decades.The farm covers an area of more than 1,000 mu.
3.农场配备了先进的设施,还有很多经验丰富的技术员。(be equipped with,advanced,experienced)
The farm is equipped with advanced facilities.It also has many experienced technicians.
4.与其他蔬菜不同的是,这里的蔬菜没有使用任何化肥。(chemical)
The vegetables here are different from others.They are grown without any chemical fertiliser.
5.而且,肥沃的土壤使这些蔬菜充满营养,因此,它们被出口到世界许多国家。(nutrition,export)
What’s more,the rich soil makes these vegetables full of nutrition.As a result,they are exported to many countries in the world.
6.如果你有兴趣,请用以下方式联系我们:Tel:666888123;E-mail:GreenLeaf@
If interested,please contact us in the following ways.Tel:666888123; E-mail:GreenLeaf@
[句式升级]
1.将第2句用过去分词作状语和现在分词作定语进行改写升级。
Located in the west of the city,it has expanded to a big farm covering an area of more than 1,000 mu in the past two decades.
2.将第3句用not only引起的部分倒装句型进行改写升级。
Not only is the farm equipped with advanced facilities,but it also has many experienced technicians.
3.将第4句用what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句进行改写升级。
What makes them different from others is that the vegetables here are grown without any chemical fertiliser.
4.将第5句用现在分词leaving作结果状语进行改写升级。
What’s more,the rich soil makes these vegetables full of nutrition,leaving them exported to many countries in the world.
[连句成篇]
Have you ever dreamt of tasting organic vegetables without chemical fertilisers every day Please go to Green Leaf—an organic vegetable base.
Located in the west of the city,it has expanded to a big farm covering an area of more than 1,000 mu in the past two decades.Not only is the farm equipped with advanced facilities,but it also has many experienced technicians.What makes them different from others is that the vegetables here are grown without any chemical fertiliser.What’s more,the rich soil makes these vegetables full of nutrition,leaving them exported to many countries in the world.
If interested,please contact us in the following ways.
Tel:666888123
E-mail:GreenLeaf@
莉萨站在学校礼堂的入口处,心跳加速,手心冒汗。当听到主持人念到她的名字时,她大脑一片空白。她双脚来回挪动,呼吸变得急促。她感到心里七上八下。她紧张得发抖。她强迫自己向前迈步,每一步都让她更加紧张。观众的目光像重物般压在身上,她觉得心脏随时都会跳到嗓子眼。
Lisa stood at the school auditorium entrance.Her ①heart raced and hands grew sweaty.
Her mind ②went blank when she heard the host announce her name.
When she ③shifted from foot to foot,her breathing ④became shallow.
She felt ⑤butterflies in her stomach.
She was trembling ⑥with nervousness.
She forced herself to step forward.Each step ⑦made her more tense.
The audience’s eyes felt like weights,and she felt her heart ⑧would jump to her mouth any second.
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》

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