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2026年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟卷1（上海卷）英语试卷
II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
For Wang Jie, a 17-year-old from a small village in Yunnan Province, the idea of studying aerospace engineering once seemed like a distant dream. One day, while helping his father repair an old radio, he came across a documentary about China’s space station. The moment the module docked with the core cabin, he felt a rush of excitement ______ (1) (course) through him. From that day on, he devoted every spare moment to learning physics and mathematics, often ______ (2) (stay) up late under a dim light. His teachers noticed his passion and encouraged him to apply for a national science camp. ______ (3) he hesitated at first, fearing the cost and distance, his mother’s words pushed him forward: “If you never try, you’ll never know ______ (4) far you can go.” At the camp, he met professors and students from elite urban schools, some of ______ (5) had built small rockets themselves. Wang felt out of place initially, but he refused to give up. By the end of the camp, his homemade rocket model ______ (6) (choose) as one of the top three designs. Now, as he prepares for the college entrance exam, he reminds himself daily ______ (7) (stay) grounded. He knows that becoming an astronaut requires not only intelligence ______ (8) also mental and physical toughness. Still, he believes that with determination, even ______ (9) most impossible dream can take flight. “The sky is not the limit,” he often says, “______ (10) just the beginning.”
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. exposing B. digital C. consequences D. restoring E. privacy F. ancient
G. preserving H. instantly I. scanning J. literally K. vanish
In a quiet corner of northern Iraq, a team of archaeologists is racing against time. The Islamic State group once destroyed thousands of ______ (11) artifacts in the region, including statues and temples dating back over 3,000 years. Now, instead of ______ (12) fragile relics to further risks, scientists are turning to 3D scanning technology. By ______ (13) every inch of broken pieces and combining them with historical photos, they create ______ (14) models that can be studied and shared worldwide. “These objects may never be physically whole again, but their memory does not have to ______ (15),” said Dr. Lena Hassan, a lead researcher. The project also raises serious questions about ______ (16). Should digital models belong to the country of origin, or to the museums that funded the scan Despite the debates, the technology has already produced ______ (17) positive results. In one case, a destroyed lion statue was ______ (18) reassembled on screen using fragments from three different countries. The team hopes to eventually 3D-print copies for local museums. “We cannot undo the past,” Hassan admits, “but we can prevent the ______ (19) of neglect and war by ______ (20) what remains.”
III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 21-35每题1分；36-50每题2分)
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context
Directions: For each blank in the following passage, choose the one word or phrase that best fits the blank.
Every year, millions of tons of electronic waste — old phones, laptops, and batteries — end up in landfills. But a growing movement is trying to change that, not by banning e-waste, but by turning it into something unexpectedly beautiful: art.
The idea began with a Brazilian artist named Tiago, who noticed that the inside of a broken computer motherboard looked like a miniature city. “The copper lines were like streets, and the small chips were like buildings,” he says. Initially, he simply wanted to ______ (21) the objects he found beautiful. But soon, his hobby became a mission. He realized that e-waste is not just trash; it is a ______ (22) of our time, recording what we value and what we throw away.
Tiago started hosting workshops in local schools. At first, students were ______ (23) about taking apart old electronics. Many had been taught that these devices are dangerous and should not be touched. ______ (24), under Tiago’s guidance, they learned to safely remove components. Soon, they were creating portraits of historical figures using tiny resistors and wires.
The project’s success ______ (25) not from its artistic output, but from the conversations it started. Children began asking where their old phones go after they are thrown out. Parents started bringing in broken toasters and remote controls. The community’s attitude toward waste ______ (26) dramatically.
One of Tiago’s most powerful works is a life-sized sculpture of a polar bear made entirely from old cell phone batteries. The piece, titled “The Charge We Forget,” ______ (27) viewers to consider the hidden cost of constant connectivity. “Every time we charge our phones, somewhere a battery dies,” reads the plaque beside it. The bear stands on a melting “iceberg” made of discarded laptop screens, a(n) ______ (28) to climate change.
Critics argue that turning waste into art does not solve the fundamental problem of overconsumption. They say it ______ (29) the real issue by making waste look attractive. Tiago disagrees. “Art does not have to solve a problem to be useful,” he responds. “It just has to make you ______ (30) differently.”
His approach has now been adopted by schools in three countries. Teachers report that students who were previously ______ (31) in science class become excited when they can learn about circuits through art. One study found that students who participated in Tiago’s workshops were twice as likely to ______ (32) their old electronics properly rather than throwing them in the bin.
Still, Tiago is careful not to romanticize e-waste. He reminds his students that the best way to deal with waste is not to ______ (33) it, but to reduce it from the start. “Art can heal scars,” he says, “but it is better not to create the scars at all.”
Looking ahead, Tiago hopes to build a museum entirely from e-waste. “Imagine walking through a hallway made of old keyboards,” he says, smiling. “It would be a monument to our mistakes, but also to our ______ (34) to change.” For now, he continues his workshops, one circuit board at a time, proving that even the most overlooked objects can be ______ (35) a second story.
21. A. repair B. preserve C. hide D. imitate
22. A. witness B. victim C. product D. symbol
23. A. curious B. nervous C. excited D. certain
24. A. However B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. Meanwhile
25. A. recovered B. differed C. came D. suffered
26. A. formed B. shifted C. remained D. worsened
27. A. forces B. allows C. helps D. orders
28. A. addition B. response C. key D. reference
29. A. raises B. addresses C. masks D. repeats
30. A. feel B. see C. act D. learn
31. A. weak B. advanced C. confident D. lost
32. A. break B. collect C. recycle D. store
33. A. create B. beautify C. export D. burn
34. A. attempt B. capacity C. right D. schedule
35. A. denied B. given C. promised D. sold
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
In the heart of the Peruvian Amazon, a team of biologists has made a discovery that challenges long-held assumptions about animal intelligence. The team, led by Dr. Elena Vasquez, spent 18 months observing wild spider monkeys. To their surprise, they documented monkeys intentionally breaking dry branches and dropping them onto researchers who approached their territory. “This is not accidental,” Dr. Vasquez explains. “They select branches that are just heavy enough to be annoying but not harmful. They wait until humans are directly underneath.”
The behavior, which the team calls “targeted dropping,” suggests the monkeys understand cause and effect and may even have a theory of mind — the ability to attribute mental states to others. Until now, this capacity was believed to exist only in humans, great apes, and perhaps dolphins.
Further analysis revealed variability among groups. Monkeys in areas with high human traffic were more accurate in their drops. Those in remote regions rarely dropped objects but, when they did, seemed less strategic. “They’re learning,” says Dr. Vasquez. “They observe that humans respond to drops, and they refine their technique.”
Critics argue that the behavior could be explained by simpler mechanisms, such as trial and error. But Dr. Vasquez’s team points to a key detail: the monkeys never drop branches on other animals, such as jaguars or competing monkey groups. This selectivity, they argue, indicates deliberate communication aimed specifically at humans.
The findings have implications beyond primatology. If a species separated from humans by 40 million years of evolution can exhibit such behavior, it suggests that certain cognitive abilities may be more widespread than previously thought. “We have underestimated our distant cousins,” Dr. Vasquez concludes. “The question is not which animals think, but how we failed to see it for so long.”
36. What did the spider monkeys do according to the passage
A. They attacked researchers with harmful objects.
B. They dropped branches intentionally on humans.
C. They used tools to obtain food from researchers.
D. They communicated warnings to other monkey groups.
37. Why does Dr. Vasquez believe the behavior is intentional
A. Monkeys only drop branches on researchers.
B. Monkeys have been observed using tools before.
C. The branches dropped are always very heavy.
D. The behavior is common across all monkey species.
38. The word “refine” (paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to ______.
A. repeat
B. improve
C. abandon
D. copy
39. What does the discovery suggest about animal intelligence
A. Only great apes have a theory of mind.
B. Cognitive abilities may be more common than believed.
C. Spider monkeys are smarter than dolphins.
D. Intelligence only develops in species with large brains.
(B)
Deep beneath the streets of Oslo, Norway, lies a facility that most locals do not even know exists. The Arctic World Archive (AWA) is not a library of books, but a library of data. Housed in an abandoned coal mine on the island of Spitsbergen, the AWA stores the digital memory of the world on specialized film reels designed to last for over 1,000 years.
Unlike cloud storage, which requires constant energy and maintenance, the AWA uses no electricity. Its temperature is naturally kept below freezing, ideal for preserving the analog film. “If civilization collapses, this library will still be readable,” explains Katrine Loen, a project manager. “You just need a magnifying glass and light.”
The archive currently holds national treasures from Brazil, Mexico, and Norway, including constitutions, musical masterpieces, and even the code for the video game Minecraft. But privacy concerns have arisen. Some countries have refused to deposit certain documents, fearing they could be accessed by future generations or rival nations.
Despite these concerns, the AWA continues to expand. Its latest addition is a collection of indigenous languages from Canada, recorded by elders who are the last fluent speakers. “When a language dies,” Loen says, “a way of seeing the world dies with it. We are giving these voices a chance to be heard in the distant future.”
Critics argue that preserving data for 1,000 years is pointless if future societies cannot understand the context. A constitution without knowledge of the society that wrote it is just ink on film. Loen acknowledges this limitation but remains optimistic. “We are not solving every problem. We are buying time. That is all any library can do.”
40. What makes the Arctic World Archive different from cloud storage
A. It stores more data.
B. It requires no power.
C. It is open to the public.
D. It uses digital technology.
41. Why are some countries reluctant to deposit certain documents
A. The documents are too old.
B. The archive is too cold.
C. They worry about future access.
D. They cannot afford the fees.
42. What is the main purpose of including indigenous language recordings
A. To support the video game industry.
B. To provide entertainment for miners.
C. To preserve cultural knowledge for the future.
D. To compete with other national archives.
(C)
For decades, the standard advice for improving concentration has been to eliminate distractions: turn off notifications, close the door, work in silence. But a small but growing body of research suggests that this approach may be incomplete. According to a 2024 study from the University of Melbourne, the optimal environment for creative problem-solving includes a specific type of background noise: the indistinct chatter of a coffee shop.
The study, which involved 200 participants completing standardized creativity tests, found that those working with ambient café noise at around 70 decibels (about the volume of a vacuum cleaner from 10 feet) outperformed both those in silence and those listening to loud music. “Silence is great for focused, routine tasks,” explains lead author Dr. Marcus Chen. “But creativity requires a certain level of distraction. Background noise interrupts your habitual thinking patterns just enough to force your brain into more flexible modes of processing.”
Crucially, not all noise works. The research distinguished between “steady-state” noise (like a fan or air conditioner), which has little effect, and “intermittent” noise (like conversation), which can boost creativity — but only when the conversation is unintelligible. Hearing words you understand, the study found, reduces performance by consuming valuable attention.
The findings have practical implications for workplace design. Open-plan offices, often criticized for reducing productivity, may actually support creative collaboration if designed with variable noise zones. “We need spaces that are not completely quiet and not completely loud,” Dr. Chen says. “The sweet spot is in between.”
However, the study has limitations. All participants were young adults, and tasks were limited to divergent thinking (generating multiple solutions) rather than convergent thinking (finding a single correct answer). Whether the coffee shop effect applies to engineering, mathematics, or legal analysis remains unknown.
43. According to the passage, what type of background noise best supports creative thinking
A. Complete silence.
B. Loud rock music.
C. Unclear conversation.
D. A constant fan sound.
44. Why does background noise potentially help creative thinking
A. It increases brain activity levels across all regions.
B. It prevents the brain from falling into fixed patterns.
C. It makes people feel more relaxed and less stressed.
D. It blocks out all other external distractions completely.
45. What does the study suggest about open-plan offices
A. They should be completely replaced by private offices.
B. They may benefit from areas with different noise levels.
C. They are always worse than silent libraries for work.
D. They only work for routine, focused tasks.
46. What is a limitation of the study mentioned in the passage
A. The sample size was too small to be reliable.
B. The noise levels used were dangerous for hearing.
C. The findings may not apply to all types of thinking.
D. The participants were not told the true purpose.
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
A. The phenomenon has become so widespread that social scientists have given it a name: lifestyle migration.
B. These individuals often report higher levels of life satisfaction despite having less material wealth.
C. Nevertheless, many others find that the slower pace of life comes with its own challenges.
D. The trend shows no signs of slowing, despite economic uncertainties.
E. This movement represents a fundamental shift in how people define a good life.
F. Technology has made this transition possible by allowing remote work from anywhere.
Following the COVID-19 pandemic, millions of workers worldwide reconsidered their relationship with work. What began as "The Great Resignation"—a record number of people quitting their jobs in 2021 and 2022—has evolved into something more lasting: a fundamental rethinking of work-life priorities.
Among the most notable changes has been the migration of workers away from expensive coastal cities toward smaller communities with lower costs of living. (47) __________ These are not retirees seeking leisure but working professionals trading corporate careers for more meaningful employment.
The motivations driving this movement are remarkably consistent across different professions and age groups. Interviews with migrants reveal common themes: desire for more time with family, reduced commuting stress, greater connection to nature, and escape from the competitive culture of major metropolitan areas. (48) __________ They describe working fewer hours, spending more time outdoors, and developing deeper relationships with neighbors.
Critics argue that this migration is a luxury available only to privileged knowledge workers—those with portable skills and sufficient savings. (49) __________ Rural areas sometimes lack the infrastructure and services that urban residents take for granted. Limited healthcare access, fewer educational options for children, and reduced cultural activities can test even the most committed migrants' resolve.
Despite these challenges, the movement appears permanent rather than a pandemic-era anomaly. Remote work, once considered a temporary accommodation, has become standard practice in many panies that forced employees back to offices full-time have struggled with retention as workers simply found more flexible employers. (50) __________ As one migrant put it, "I used to live to work. Now I work to live."
IV.Summary Writing
51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Why We Forget Most of Our Dreams
Every morning, millions of people wake up with a vague sense that they have just experienced something meaningful — a dream — only to watch it slip away within minutes. This phenomenon, known as dream amnesia, affects approximately 95% of all dreams. But why does the brain so efficiently erase its own nightly productions
Neuroscientists have identified two primary mechanisms. First, during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep, when most vivid dreaming occurs, the brain produces low levels of norepinephrine, a chemical critical for memory formation. Without this chemical, the brain literally cannot “save” dream experiences to long-term memory. Second, the brain prioritizes waking memories over dream memories. When you wake up, sensory information from the real world immediately floods the brain, overwriting the fragile traces of dreams.
Evolutionary psychologists offer a complementary explanation. For our ancestors, remembering real dangers — a predator’s location, a food source — had survival value. Remembering dreams, which are often illogical and emotionally intense, might have interfered with distinguishing reality from imagination. Forgetting dreams, in this view, is not a flaw but a feature that helps maintain mental stability.
However, dream amnesia is not inevitable. People who wake up during or immediately after a REM cycle, rather than at the end of a full sleep cycle, are more likely to recall dreams. This is why dream recall can be improved by the simple practice of lying still with eyes closed upon waking, allowing dream traces to be transferred to waking memory before they fade.
While a few individuals claim to remember every dream, most of us will continue to lose the vast majority. Perhaps, as one researcher put it, “A forgotten dream is not a lost dream. It has already done its work — regulating emotions, consolidating memories, or simply entertaining the sleeping mind.”
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V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
52. 这本新出版的传记真实描绘了这位科学家的奋斗历程。(portray)
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53. 尽管天气恶劣，救援队还是设法在午夜前到达了灾区。(despite)
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54. 这座古老的石桥历经八百年风雨依然屹立不倒，令游客惊叹不已。(amaze)
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55. 你越早意识到失败是成功的一部分，就越能从挫折中快速恢复。(The earlier...)
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VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
56．Directions:Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
学校英语报正在举办主题为“The Skill I Would Most Like to Learn”的征文活动。请你写一篇征文稿，内容包括：
1. 你最想学习的一项技能是什么；
2. 你为什么想学习这项技能（至少两个理由）；
3. 你打算如何开始学习这项技能。
注：文中不得出现考生姓名、学校等真实个人信息。
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参考答案
语法
1. coursing 2. staying 3. Although / Though 4. how 5. whom
6. was chosen 7. to stay 8. but 9. the 10. but
11选10
11. F (ancient) 12. A (exposing) 13. I (scanning) 14. B (digital) 15. K (vanish)
16. E (privacy) 17. H (instantly) 18. J (literally) 19. C (consequences) 20. G (preserving)
完形填空
21.B 22.D 23.B 24.A 25.C 26.B 27.A 28.D 29.C 30.B 31.D 32.C 33.B 34.B 35.B
阅读理解
36.B 37.A 38.B 39.B 40.B 41.C 42.C 43.C 44.B 45.B 46.C
6选4:
47. A 48. B 49. C 50. E
概括
The passage explains why most dreams are forgotten: lack of a memory-forming chemical during REM sleep and waking memories overwriting dream traces. Evolutionarily, it helps distinguish reality. Dream recall can be improved by waking during REM cycles and staying still after waking. (58 words)
翻译
52. This newly published biography truly portrays the scientist’s struggle.
53. Despite the severe bad weather, the rescue team managed to reach the disaster area before midnight.
54. Having stood firm through 800 years of wind and rain, this ancient stone bridge amazes all visitors.
55. The earlier you realize that failure is part of success, the faster you will recover from setbacks.
写作
参考范文
The Skill I Would Most Like to Learn
The skill I would most like to learn is photography. There are two main reasons for my choice.
First, photography allows me to record beautiful moments in life, such as the smiles of my family and the scenery of nature, which I can cherish forever. Second, it helps me develop a more careful eye for life, making me notice the small but wonderful details that I used to ignore.
To learn this skill, I plan to start by borrowing a camera from my friend and watching online courses to master basic skills like adjusting angles and light. Then, I will practice taking photos every day and ask experienced photographers for advice. I believe I can learn it well with persistent practice.2026年上海市高考英语6月考前冲刺卷1（含答案）
总分115，不含听力口语，考试时间100分钟
I. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The Great Wall of China, one of the most remarkable architectural achievements in human history, stretches thousands of miles across northern China. Construction on the wall first began over 2,000 years ago, during the Qin Dynasty. Emperor Qin Shi Huang ordered the连接 of existing defensive walls (1) __________ (protect) his empire from invading nomadic tribes. Since then, various dynasties (2) __________ (add) their own sections to the wall.
The wall (3) __________ (build) primarily from earth, stone, and brick, with watchtowers positioned at regular intervals. These towers served multiple purposes: soldiers could light signal fires (4) __________ (warn) of approaching enemies, and travelers could rest and resupply. Despite common belief, the wall is not a single continuous structure (5) __________ rather a series of walls and fortifications built by different dynasties.
During the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), the wall underwent its most extensive renovation. The Ming rulers recognized the strategic importance of the wall and invested heavily in (6) __________ construction. They used more durable materials, including bricks and stone, many of (7) __________ remain intact today. The Ming sections are the (8) __________ (well) preserved and most visited by tourists.
Over the centuries, the wall has faced numerous threats, both natural and human. Weathering, earthquakes, and the removal of bricks for local construction projects (9) __________ (cause) significant damage to many sections. However, since being designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1987, restoration efforts (10) __________ (undertake) to preserve this wonder for future generations. Today, millions of visitors climb its steps annually, marveling at both its historical significance and the breathtaking views it offers.
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. contact B. widespread C. isolate D. beneficial E. generation F. depression G. constant H. appropriately
I. access J. opportunities K. devices
Smartphones and social media have become nearly universal among teenagers, raising important questions about their impact on mental health. While these technologies offer many benefits, research suggests they may also contribute to rising rates of anxiety and (11) __________ among young people.
Teens today spend an average of seven hours per day on screens, not including schoolwork. This (12) __________ connectivity means they are rarely completely disconnected from their online social worlds. Many teens report feeling pressured to respond immediately to messages, which can interfere with sleep and create feelings of being overwhelmed. The need to maintain a perfect online image adds additional stress.
However, it would be incorrect to blame these (13) __________ entirely for mental health challenges. The relationship between technology use and well-being is complex. For some teens, online communities provide valuable social (14) __________ that may not be available in their immediate environment. For those who feel (15) __________ or misunderstood, finding others with similar interests online can be incredibly (16) __________.
The key lies in using technology mindfully and (17) __________. Parents and educators can help by modeling healthy device use and encouraging regular breaks. Setting aside screen-free times for family meals or outdoor activities allows teens to maintain real-world (18) __________ with family and friends.
What is most concerning is not technology itself but the displacement of other important activities. Screen time often replaces sleep, physical activity, and in-person social interaction—all crucial for healthy development. The (19) __________ growing up with smartphones as their primary companions is essentially participating in a massive social experiment whose long-term effects remain unknown.
Schools are beginning to address these concerns by limiting phone use during school hours and teaching digital literacy. These efforts can help teens develop healthy habits that will serve them well throughout their lives. Remember, technology is a tool—not a substitute for real human connection. Finding the right balance is essential for mental health in the digital age.
II. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Every morning, without thinking, you likely follow the same routine: brush your teeth, take a shower, drink coffee. These actions are habits—behaviors that have become automatic through repetition. According to researchers, habits shape nearly 45 percent of our daily behaviors, yet most people remain completely (21) __________ of how they actually work.
Charles Duhigg, author of The Power of Habit, explains that every habit follows a three-step pattern called the "habit loop." First comes a cue, or trigger, that tells your brain to (22) __________ into automatic mode. Then follows the routine—the behavior itself. Finally, there is a reward, which helps your brain (23) __________ whether the loop is worth remembering. Over time, this loop becomes more and more automatic.
Understanding this loop offers a powerful (24) __________ for changing unwanted behaviors. If you want to stop biting your nails, for example, you need to identify the cue that (25) __________ the behavior. Is it boredom Stress Once you know the cue, you can replace the negative routine with a more positive one while keeping the same cue and reward. This (26) __________, known as "habit substitution," has helped countless people transform their lives.
But not all habits are created equal. Some habits, known as "keystone habits," have the power to start a chain reaction, (27) __________ other patterns to change as well. Exercise is a classic example. When people start exercising regularly, they often begin eating healthier, working more productively, and sleeping better—without (28) __________ planning to change those behaviors. These habits serve as the foundation upon which other positive changes are built.
The most successful individuals and organizations recognize that willpower alone is (29) __________. Instead of relying on motivation, which naturally rises and falls, they design their environments to make good habits easy and bad habits difficult. A student who wants to study more might leave textbooks on their desk and phone in another room. By (30) __________ the friction required to perform good habits, success becomes almost automatic.
Change doesn't happen overnight. Research suggests it takes an average of 66 days for a new behavior to become automatic. But with patience and a proper (31) __________ of the habit loop, anyone can reshape their behaviors. The key is to start small. Rather than (32) __________ to exercise for an hour daily, begin with five minutes. Once that becomes automatic, increase gradually.
Companies have (33) __________ the power of habit to influence consumer behavior. Supermarkets place essential items like milk and eggs at the back of the store, forcing customers to walk past other products. This (34) __________ layout takes advantage of shoppers' automatic routines, increasing impulse purchases. Understanding these techniques helps consumers make more conscious choices.
Ultimately, habits are not destiny. While we cannot (35) __________ our brains' tendency to form habits, we can choose which habits to develop. By understanding the science of habit formation, we gain the ability to design our lives intentionally rather than reacting automatically to every cue.
21. A. fond B. aware C. proud D. ashamed
22. A. turn B. break C. look D. put
23. A. doubt B. wonder C. remember D. determine
24. A. excuse B. tool C. warning D. question
25. A. prevents B. follows C. triggers D. ends
26. A. experiment B. mistake C. technique D. accident
27. A. causing B. preventing C. delaying D. stopping
28. A. suddenly B. eventually C. deliberately D. reluctantly
29. A. necessary B. sufficient C. useful D. helpful
30. A. increasing B. measuring C. ignoring D. reducing
31. A. understanding B. rejection C. fear D. misuse
32. A. promising B. refusing C. forgetting D. learning
33. A. ignored B. questioned C. exploited D. denied
34. A. random B. strategic C. confusing D. simple
35. A. change B. understand C. eliminate D. accept
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
In a small library in northern England, a group of people sit in a circle, each holding a well-worn book. This is not a traditional book club, where members discuss plot twists and character development. Instead, it is a bibliotherapy session—a form of treatment that uses reading as a tool for mental healing.
Bibliotherapy, which dates back to ancient Greece, is experiencing a modern revival. The practice involves guided reading of specific texts, often poetry or fiction, chosen to address particular psychological challenges. Unlike simply reading for pleasure, bibliotherapy is facilitated by trained practitioners who help participants connect literature to their personal experiences.
The effectiveness of bibliotherapy is supported by growing scientific evidence. Researchers at the University of Liverpool found that reading literary fiction significantly improves emotional intelligence and empathy. When readers become absorbed in a story, their brains activate regions associated with understanding others' mental states—the same neural networks involved in real-life social interaction.
For individuals struggling with anxiety or depression, bibliotherapy offers particular benefits. Reading about characters facing similar challenges can reduce feelings of isolation and provide perspective. Additionally, the rhythmic, focused nature of reading can interrupt negative thought patterns, similar to mindfulness meditation. Some therapists now prescribe specific books alongside traditional treatments.
The National Health Service in England has embraced bibliotherapy, establishing "Reading Well" programs that allow doctors to prescribe self-help books for conditions ranging from mild depression to chronic pain. These prescriptions are filled at local libraries rather than pharmacies, making treatment accessible to those who might hesitate to seek traditional mental health services.
Critics note that bibliotherapy is not a substitute for professional mental health treatment in serious cases. Severe depression, trauma, or psychosis typically require medication and specialized therapy. However, for mild to moderate conditions, or as a supplement to other treatments, bibliotherapy shows remarkable promise.
As digital devices fragment our attention, the focused concentration required for deep reading may itself be therapeutic. In a world of constant notifications and rapid scrolling, sitting with a book offers something increasingly rare: sustained, uninterrupted engagement with a single narrative. For many, that alone feels like medicine.
36. What does the article suggest about bibliotherapy sessions
A. They focus on analyzing literary techniques.
B. They are led by trained professionals.
C. They require participants to write responses.
D. They only use non-fiction texts.
37. According to the article, reading literary fiction can improve which ability
A. Speed reading
B. Memorization
C. Emotional understanding
D. Creative writing
38. What is the "Reading Well" program described in the article
A. A competition for young readers
B. A system for prescribing books through libraries
C. A training course for therapists
D. A publishing house for self-help books
39. What limitation of bibliotherapy does the article acknowledge
A. It works better for children than adults
B. It is too expensive for most patients
C. It cannot replace professional treatment for severe conditions
D. It requires special technology that many lack
(B)
From: Maya Chen
To: Community Volunteers
Re: River Cleanup Event
Date: April 5, 2026
Dear Volunteers,
I'm excited to announce our annual river cleanup event scheduled for Saturday, April 25th, from 9 AM to 3 PM. Last year, over 100 volunteers helped remove nearly two tons of trash from the Willow Creek watershed, and we're hoping for an even bigger impact this year!
Meeting Location:
We will gather at Riverside Park (entrance near the main parking lot). Look for our green tent—you can't miss it!
What to Bring:
- Comfortable clothes you don't mind getting dirty
- Closed-toe shoes (boots recommended)
- Sunscreen and hat
- Reusable water bottle (we'll have refill stations)
- Snacks (lunch will be provided)
What We Provide:
- Trash bags and pick-up tools
- Work gloves
- First aid supplies
- Lunch (vegetarian options available)
Schedule:
- 8:30-9:00 AM: Check-in and supply pickup
- 9:00-9:15 AM: Safety orientation and area assignments
- 9:15 AM-12:00 PM: Morning cleanup session
- 12:00-12:45 PM: Lunch break
- 12:45-2:30 PM: Afternoon cleanup session
- 2:30-3:00 PM: Trash weighing and closing remarks
Important Notes:
Teenage volunteers (ages 14-17) must bring a signed permission form. Children under 14 must be accompanied by an adult at all times.
Please register by April 20th using the link below so we can order sufficient supplies and food. Walk-ins will be accepted, but lunch cannot be guaranteed for late registrants.
[Registration Link]
We need five team leaders to help coordinate groups in different sections of the creek. If you have previous volunteer experience with our organization and are interested in leading, please reply directly to me.
Thank you for helping keep our river beautiful!
Best regards,
Maya Chen
Event Coordinator
Green Action Alliance
40. What can be inferred about the previous year's cleanup event
A. It was cancelled due to bad weather.
B. It removed a large amount of trash successfully.
C. It had fewer than 50 volunteers.
D. It focused on a different river.
41. What requirement does the event have for volunteers under 14
A. They must register before April 20th.
B. They need to bring their own gloves.
C. They must be accompanied by a parent or guardian.
D. They can only participate in the morning session.
42. What is the main purpose of requiring registration by April 20th
A. To limit the total number of volunteers
B. To complete background checks on volunteers
C. To ensure adequate supplies and food
D. To allow time for safety training
(C)
The concept of "emotional labor," first introduced by sociologist Arlie Hochschild in 1983, refers to the process of managing one's feelings to meet the requirements of a job. While Hochschild originally applied this concept to service workers who must display certain emotions regardless of their true feelings, recent discussions have expanded the term to include the invisible work of managing emotions in personal relationships.
In the workplace, emotional labor takes many forms. Flight attendants must remain calm and pleasant even when dealing with difficult passengers. Teachers must show patience and enthusiasm even when exhausted. Healthcare workers must display compassion even after long shifts. This effort—suppressing authentic emotions and performing expected ones—requires psychological energy and can lead to burnout when prolonged.
What makes emotional labor particularly challenging is the disconnect between internal experience and external expression. Psychologists call this "emotional dissonance," and research has linked it to increased stress, job dissatisfaction, and even physical symptoms like headaches and sleep problems. Workers who experience high levels of emotional dissonance report feeling "fake" or "inauthentic" at work, which erodes their sense of professional identity.
However, not all emotional labor is detrimental. Some workers naturally experience the emotions their jobs require—a phenomenon called "emotional harmony." A teacher who genuinely loves children may not find patience exhausting. A nurse who naturally feels compassion may experience emotional labor as rewarding rather than draining. The difference lies in the degree of effort required to maintain appropriate emotional displays.
In personal relationships, emotional labor often goes unrecognized and uncompensated. Planning family gatherings, remembering birthdays, mediating conflicts between friends, and providing emotional support to partners all require emotional effort. Research suggests this work falls disproportionately on women, who are socialized from a young age to manage others' feelings. This invisible labor contributes to what some call the "mental load"—the constant background awareness of everyone's emotional needs.
Recognizing emotional labor, both paid and unpaid, is the first step toward addressing its unequal distribution. Some companies have begun training managers to acknowledge emotional labor and adjust workloads accordingly. In personal relationships, openly discussing who handles which emotional tasks can prevent resentment. Simply naming emotional labor—making the invisible visible—validates the effort millions expend daily to keep workplaces functional and relationships harmonious.
43. The word "dissonance" (Para. 3) is closest in meaning to __________.
A. balance
B. conflict
C. connection
D. pleasure
44. What structural pattern does this passage primarily follow
A. Chronological order of historical events
B. Problem-solution with supporting examples
C. Compare-contrast between workplace and personal contexts
D. Cause-effect analysis of a single case study
45. What can be inferred about women and emotional labor from the passage
A. Women receive professional training for emotional labor.
B. Women perform more unrecognized emotional labor than men.
C. Women find emotional labor less exhausting than men do.
D. Women have rejected emotional labor responsibilities.
46. What is the best title for this passage
A. The Hidden Cost of Managing Emotions
B. Why Women Are Better at Emotional Labor
C. How to Eliminate Emotional Dissonance
D. The History of Workplace Psychology
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. The phenomenon has become so widespread that social scientists have given it a name: lifestyle migration.
B. These individuals often report higher levels of life satisfaction despite having less material wealth.
C. Nevertheless, many others find that the slower pace of life comes with its own challenges.
D. The trend shows no signs of slowing, despite economic uncertainties.
E. This movement represents a fundamental shift in how people define a good life.
F. Technology has made this transition possible by allowing remote work from anywhere.
Following the COVID-19 pandemic, millions of workers worldwide reconsidered their relationship with work. What began as "The Great Resignation"—a record number of people quitting their jobs in 2021 and 2022—has evolved into something more lasting: a fundamental rethinking of work-life priorities.
Among the most notable changes has been the migration of workers away from expensive coastal cities toward smaller communities with lower costs of living. (47) __________ These are not retirees seeking leisure but working professionals trading corporate careers for more meaningful employment.
The motivations driving this movement are remarkably consistent across different professions and age groups. Interviews with migrants reveal common themes: desire for more time with family, reduced commuting stress, greater connection to nature, and escape from the competitive culture of major metropolitan areas. (48) __________ They describe working fewer hours, spending more time outdoors, and developing deeper relationships with neighbors.
Critics argue that this migration is a luxury available only to privileged knowledge workers—those with portable skills and sufficient savings. (49) __________ Rural areas sometimes lack the infrastructure and services that urban residents take for granted. Limited healthcare access, fewer educational options for children, and reduced cultural activities can test even the most committed migrants' resolve.
Despite these challenges, the movement appears permanent rather than a pandemic-era anomaly. Remote work, once considered a temporary accommodation, has become standard practice in many panies that forced employees back to offices full-time have struggled with retention as workers simply found more flexible employers. (50) __________ As one migrant put it, "I used to live to work. Now I work to live."
III. Summary Writing
51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
The Benefits of Bilingualism
For decades, parents and educators worried that raising children in bilingual environments might confuse them or delay their language development. Some doctors even advised immigrant families to speak only English at home. However, a growing body of research has completely overturned these assumptions, revealing that bilingualism offers significant cognitive advantages.
Children who grow up speaking two languages develop what neuroscientists call "executive function"—the mental processes that enable planning, focus, and multitasking—more effectively than monolingual children. Why Because bilingual brains constantly exercise inhibition, the ability to suppress one language while using the other. Every time a bilingual person speaks, their brain must actively choose the correct language and ignore the other. This mental workout strengthens the brain's control systems.
The benefits extend well beyond childhood. Research shows that bilingual adults perform better on tasks requiring attention and problem-solving. Perhaps most strikingly, studies indicate that speaking two languages may delay the onset of dementia symptoms by an average of four to five years. Bilingualism doesn't prevent dementia, but it appears to build "cognitive reserve"—a stronger neural network that can compensate longer when damage occurs.
Learning a second language at any age provides benefits, though earlier exposure yields stronger effects. While immersive environments are ideal, even classroom learning produces measurable cognitive improvements. The key is consistent practice; occasional use produces minimal advantage. For those wondering whether it's worth learning a second language as an adult, researchers offer an encouraging answer: absolutely. Every new word learned represents another mental workout, another small investment in long-term brain health.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
IV. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the word given in the brackets.
52. 正是通过团队合作，这个项目才得以提前完成。(through)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
53. 无论你遇到什么困难，都不要轻易放弃自己的梦想。(whatever)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
54. 没有观众的掌声，演员的表演热情就不会如此高涨。(without)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
55. 我们很幸运生活在这样一个科技发达、信息畅通的时代。(fortunate)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
V. Guided Writing
56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假如你是光明中学高三学生张华，学校下周有一批外国学生来访，他们想了解你们学校关于社团活动方面的情况。学校学生会打算委派包括你在内的几位同学给外国学生介绍相关情况。请你写一篇文章，介绍任何一个你熟悉的社团。你的文章必须包括以下内容：
1 简要介绍其中一个社团的主要特点；
2 说明成立该社团的目的和实际效果。
（文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称）
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【参考答案】
I. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A:
1. to protect
2. have added
3. was built
4. to warn
5. but
6. its
7. which
8. best
9. have caused
10. have been undertaken
Section B:
11. F (depression)
12. G (constant)
13. K (devices)
14. J (opportunities)
15. C (isolate)
16. D (beneficial)
17. H (appropriately)
18. A (contact)
19. E (generation)
20. I (access)
II. Reading Comprehension
Section A:
21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. C
Section B:
36. B 37. C 38. B 39. C 40. B 41. C 42. C 43. B 44. C 45. B 46. A
Section C:
47. A 48. B 49. C 50. D
III. Summary Writing (Sample)
Recent research has overturned old beliefs that bilingualism harms children. Instead, speaking two languages strengthens executive function and cognitive control. Benefits continue into adulthood, including delayed dementia symptoms by years. Learning a second language at any age provides advantages, with consistent practice being key to long-term brain health.
IV. Translation
52. It was through teamwork that the project was completed ahead of schedule.
53. Whatever difficulties you encounter, do not give up on your dreams easily.
54. Without the audience's applause, the actors' performance enthusiasm would not have been so high.
55. We are fortunate to live in an era when technology is so advanced and information flows so freely.
参考范文
Today, I am delighted to introduce one of the most popular clubs in our school — the “Photography Association”.
What makes this club special is its unique combination of artistic expression and technical learning. Unlike other clubs that focus on competition or performance, the Photography Association encourages members to see the world through a different lens. Every week, we gather to learn basic techniques such as composition, lighting, and photo editing. But what we truly enjoy are our weekend photo walks around the city, where we capture everything from sunrise on the street to the smile of a stranger. The club also holds annual photo exhibitions, showcasing our best works to the whole school.
The purpose of establishing this club was not only to teach photography skills but also to provide a creative outlet for students under academic pressure. In reality, it has worked wonderfully. Many members have told me that taking photos helps them relax and refocus. Some have even discovered their passion for visual arts, with several winning awards in city-level contests. More importantly, the club has created a warm community where students support and inspire each other. We don't just take pictures — we share stories, emotion, and friendship.
If you ever visit our school, I sincerely hope you will stop by our exhibition. Through our lens, you may just see the beauty you've never noticed before.2026年上海市高考英语6月考前冲刺卷3（含答案）
总分115，不含听力口语，考试时间100分钟
考生注意：
1. 考试时间105分钟，试卷满分115分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
I. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The Power of Small Actions
Every day, we face countless small decisions. Should I hold the door for the stranger behind me Should I recycle this plastic bottle These little choices may seem unimportant, but they add up. Studies show that people ____1____ (engage) in small acts of kindness regularly report higher levels of happiness. The reason is simple: helping others makes us feel connected.
Take Wang Lin, a middle school student from Shanghai, as an example. Every morning, she spends ten minutes ____2____ (water) the plants in her classroom. “It’s not a big deal,” she says, “but seeing them grow makes my day.” Her teacher, Mr. Chen, noticed ____3____ Wang’s action inspired other students. Soon, more students joined in, and the classroom became ____4____ greener and more pleasant place.
____5____ simple as Wang’s action seems, it has created a ripple effect. Psychologists call this “prosocial behavior.” When we see someone doing something good, our brains release chemicals ____6____ encourage us to do the same. This is why a single act of kindness can spread ____7____ a community like wildfire.
Of course, not every small action leads to immediate change. Sometimes, we help others ____8____ no one notices. But experts say that the cumulative effect of small positive actions is enormous. “You don’t have to save the world,” says Dr. Li, a behavioral scientist. “You just need to do one small thing today. Tomorrow, do ____9____ small thing. Over time, these actions become habits, and habits shape ____10____ we are.”
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. announced B. average C. compete D. decrease E. digital F. entirely
G. independent H. physical I. regularly J. replaced K. traditional
The Rise of E-books
The way we read has changed dramatically over the past twenty years. E-books, once a novelty, have now become a mainstream choice for millions of readers worldwide. In 2023, a report ____11____ that e-book sales accounted for nearly 25% of all book sales in the United States, a figure that continues to grow.
For many readers, the appeal of e-books lies in their convenience. A single device can store thousands of titles, making it easy to carry an ____12____ library in a backpack or purse. Moreover, e-books are often cheaper than their ____13____ printed versions, and some are even available for free. This accessibility has allowed more people to read more ____14____, regardless of their financial situation.
However, the rise of e-books has not been without criticism. Some educators worry that students spend too much time on ____15____ screens and not enough time with ____16____ books. Research suggests that reading on paper may lead to better comprehension and retention, especially for longer or more complex texts. The tactile experience of turning pages and the spatial memory of where information appears on a page seem to help readers remember what they have read.
Despite these concerns, the e-book market continues to expand. Some experts predict that printed books will never be ____17____ completely, but they may become a niche product for collectors and enthusiasts. For the ____18____ reader, the choice between print and digital often comes down to personal preference. The most important thing, as any librarian will tell you, is not how you read, but ____19____ you read. Whether on paper or on a screen, reading opens doors to new worlds and new ideas. The challenge for the next generation is to maintain the habit of deep reading in an age of constant ____20____ distractions.
II. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Why Do We Forget
We have all experienced the frustration of forgetting someone’s name or walking into a room and forgetting why we went there. Forgetting is often seen as a ____21____, something to be overcome with better memory techniques. But what if forgetting is actually a ____22____ part of how our brains work
Scientists now believe that forgetting is not a sign of a ____23____ memory, but rather a feature that helps us function more efficiently. Our brains are constantly receiving ____24____ amounts of information from our senses—sights, sounds, smells, and textures. If we remembered every single detail, our brains would quickly become ____25____. Forgetting allows us to filter out the unnecessary and focus on what truly matters.
Take the example of learning a new language. When you learn a new word, your brain doesn’t simply ____26____ it in a perfect file. Instead, you might forget it several times before it finally sticks. Each time you forget and then ____27____ the word, your brain strengthens the neural pathway associated with it. This process, called “reconsolidation,” actually helps ____28____ the memory over time.
Research has also shown that the act of forgetting can promote ____29____. When we forget old or irrelevant information, we make room for new ideas and ways of thinking. This is why people who are experts in a field often seem to “forget” basic information—their brains have ____30____ space for more advanced knowledge. A chess master, for example, may not remember every game he played as a beginner, but this ____31____ allows him to focus on complex strategies.
Of course, not all forgetting is helpful. When we forget important appointments, deadlines, or the names of loved ones, it can be ____32____. The key is to understand what kind of forgetting is normal and what might be a cause for concern. Memory experts suggest that writing down important information and ____33____ reviewing it can help move it from short-term to long-term memory.
So the next time you forget where you put your keys, don’t be too hard on yourself. Your brain is simply doing its job—____34____ out the noise so you can focus on what really ____35____.
21. A. gift B. weakness C. mystery D. advantage
22. A. harmful B. strange C. normal D. recent
23. A. perfect B. poor C. powerful D. trained
24. A. limited B. equal C. small D. enormous
25. A. improved B. overloaded C. organized D. damaged
26. A. store B. create C. check D. change
27. A. ignore B. remember C. spell D. invent
28. A. weaken B. erase C. strengthen D. copy
29. A. creativity B. forgetfulness C. laziness D. anxiety
30. A. taken up B. freed up C. used up D. filled up
31. A. strategy B. habit C. loss D. memory
32. A. exciting B. useful C. frustrating D. entertaining
33. A. rarely B. randomly C. never D. regularly
34. A. figuring B. leaving C. filtering D. carrying
35. A. disappears B. matters C. changes D. costs
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
My grandmother, Nai Nai, never learned to read. She grew up in a small village in rural China, where girls were not sent to school. For most of her life, she saw characters on paper as mysterious symbols that held no meaning for her. But she was one of the wisest people I have ever known.
When I was twelve, I was struggling with a school project about Chinese history. I had all the books I needed, but I could not seem to organize my thoughts. Nai Nai saw me sitting at the kitchen table with my head in my hands. She sat down beside me and said, “Tell me what you are learning.”
I complained that she would not understand because she could not read. She smiled and said, “Reading is only one way to learn. Try explaining it to me.”
So I did. I told her about the Tang Dynasty, about poets and emperors, about wars and inventions. As I spoke, she asked questions. “Why did the people follow that emperor ” “How did the poet know what to write ” Her questions forced me to think more deeply about what I had read. By the time I finished explaining, I had a clear outline for my project in my head.
Years later, I became a teacher. I think about Nai Nai often when I am in the classroom. She taught me that teaching is not about giving answers—it is about asking the right questions. You do not need a degree or even the ability to read to help someone learn. You just need curiosity and the willingness to listen.
Now, whenever I see a student struggling, I sit down beside them and say, “Tell me what you are learning.” And I watch as their confusion slowly turns into understanding, one question at a time.
36. What do we know about the author’s grandmother
A. She regretted not having received a formal education.
B. She was unable to read Chinese characters her entire life.
C. She moved from her village to the city after getting married.
D. She believed that reading was the most important skill for children.
37. How did Nai Nai help the author with the school project
A. She found some useful books about the Tang Dynasty.
B. She wrote down an outline for the project on paper.
C. She asked questions that helped clarify the author’s thinking.
D. She told the author stories about poets and emperors from memory.
38. What lesson did the author learn from her grandmother
A. Reading is not necessary for academic success.
B. The best teachers help students find their own answers.
C. Older people are naturally wiser than younger people.
D. School projects should be done without any help from family.
39. What is the main message of this passage
A. Illiterate people can still be excellent teachers.
B. Asking questions is more effective than giving answers.
C. Family members often understand us better than teachers do.
D. Hard work and determination can overcome any obstacle.
(B)
Smart Home Devices: Convenience or Risk
Smart home devices—from voice-activated assistants to smart thermostats and security cameras—have become increasingly popular in recent years. These devices promise to make our lives easier, safer, and more efficient. But as they become more common, concerns about privacy and security have also grown.
A smart home device typically connects to the internet, allowing users to control it remotely through a smartphone app or voice commands. A smart speaker can play music, set alarms, answer questions, and control other smart devices. A smart thermostat can learn your schedule and adjust the temperature to save energy. A smart doorbell can show you who is at the door even when you are not home.
The benefits are clear. Smart devices can save time, reduce energy bills, and provide peace of mind. For elderly or disabled individuals, voice-controlled devices can be life-changing, allowing them to control lights, locks, and emergency alerts without moving from their chairs.
However, experts have raised red flags. Every smart device that connects to the internet is a potential entry point for hackers. In 2016, a major cyberattack used thousands of infected smart devices to shut down large parts of the internet. More recently, researchers have demonstrated how smart speakers could be tricked into unlocking doors or making unauthorized purchases.
Privacy is another major concern. Smart devices are constantly listening for voice commands—which means they are constantly recording. While companies say they only record after hearing a “wake word,” studies have shown that devices can be accidentally activated thousands of times per day. These recordings are sent to company servers and analyzed, sometimes by human workers. In some cases, recordings have been leaked or accessed by unauthorized employees.
Security experts recommend several steps for smart home users. First, change default passwords on all devices. Second, keep device software updated. Third, review privacy settings carefully and turn off features you do not need. Finally, consider whether you really need every smart device—sometimes a traditional lock or a simple light switch is perfectly adequate.
40. What is the main purpose of the first paragraph
A. To describe how smart home devices work.
B. To introduce the topic of smart home devices.
C. To argue that smart devices should be banned.
D. To compare different brands of smart devices.
41. According to the passage, what is a benefit of smart devices for elderly people
A. They can help reduce monthly energy bills significantly.
B. They can allow independent living with voice controls.
C. They can prevent all types of home accidents.
D. They can automatically call doctors when needed.
42. What does the example of the 2016 cyberattack illustrate
A. Smart devices can be used to attack the internet.
B. Hackers prefer to attack smart doorbells and speakers.
C. Companies do not care about device security.
D. Most smart devices cannot be protected from hackers.
43. What can be inferred from the security experts’ recommendations
A. Most smart device owners are already following these steps.
B. Smart devices are generally safe if used with basic precautions.
C. Companies should be responsible for all security issues.
D. Traditional devices are always better than smart ones.
(C)
In recent years, a growing number of cities around the world have adopted “car-free days” or “car-free zones” in their city centers. On these days or in these areas, private cars are banned, allowing only pedestrians, bicycles, and sometimes public transportation. What started as small environmental protests has become a mainstream urban planning strategy.
The most obvious benefit of car-free initiatives is the reduction in air pollution. Studies from cities like Paris, Bogotá, and Jakarta have shown that air quality improves dramatically on car-free days. Nitrogen dioxide levels, which come primarily from vehicle exhaust, can drop by up to 40%. For people with respiratory conditions like asthma, this provides real relief.
But the benefits go beyond clean air. When cars are removed from city centers, the streets become safer and more pleasant. Children can play. Old friends can stop to chat without shouting over engine noise. Local businesses often report increased sales on car-free days, as people linger longer and shop more when they are not rushing to find parking.
The city of Pontevedra, Spain, offers a remarkable case study. In 1999, the city banned cars from its historic center. At the time, many shop owners protested, fearing that customers would stay away. Instead, the opposite happened. Pedestrian traffic increased by 70%, and the local economy grew. Street crime fell dramatically because more people were walking on the streets. The city’s population, which had been declining, began to grow again as people moved to enjoy the improved quality of life.
Of course, car-free policies are not without challenges. People with mobility limitations may struggle without car access. Emergency vehicles need to be able to reach any location. Delivery trucks need to stock shops and restaurants. Successful car-free zones address these concerns through careful planning—providing accessible public transportation, allowing exceptions for emergency and delivery vehicles during certain hours, and ensuring that parking is available just outside the car-free zone.
As cities continue to grow and climate change becomes more urgent, car-free initiatives are likely to become more common. What was once seen as a radical idea is now being recognized as a practical solution to some of the most pressing problems facing urban areas today.
44. According to the passage, what was the original purpose of car-free days
A. To increase sales for local businesses.
B. To reduce traffic accidents in city centers.
C. To protest environmental problems.
D. To make room for bicycle lanes.
45. What does the case of Pontevedra, Spain, demonstrate
A. Shop owners were right to worry about losing customers.
B. Car-free policies can actually benefit local economies.
C. Only small cities can successfully implement car-free zones.
D. Car-free policies take decades to show any positive effects.
46. According to the passage, what is one challenge of car-free zones
A. Air pollution sometimes gets worse.
B. Public transportation becomes overcrowded.
C. Emergency vehicles may face access issues.
D. Local residents always vote against them.
47. What is the author’s attitude toward car-free initiatives
A. Strongly opposed. B. Supportive with recognition of challenges.
C. Neutral and uninterested. D. Enthusiastic without any concerns.
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
The Benefits of Boredom
For most parents, hearing their child say “I’m bored” is a signal to spring into action. They offer toys, suggest activities, or turn on a screen. ____48____ But psychologists and educators are increasingly arguing that boredom is not only normal but actually beneficial for children’s development.
When children are constantly entertained, they never learn to entertain themselves. The experience of boredom pushes children to look inward and use their imagination. ____49____ This skill—finding things to do without external direction—is essential for creativity and problem-solving later in life.
____50____ When children are always busy, they do not have time to think about their experiences or process their emotions. Boredom provides a mental space where children can daydream, reflect, and simply be. This quiet time is especially important in an age of constant notifications and screen time.
Of course, this does not mean parents should never provide activities for their children. ____51____ The key is balance—allowing children to experience occasional boredom without letting it turn into chronic loneliness or distress.
A. They may invent imaginary worlds, create art from household objects, or simply observe their surroundings more carefully.
B. However, some children genuinely suffer from attention disorders that make boredom particularly difficult to handle.
C. The instinct to relieve a child’s boredom is understandable—no parent wants to see their child unhappy.
D. Another benefit of boredom is that it allows for emotional processing.
E. Parents should also monitor how much time children spend on electronic devices each day.
F. Instead, they should recognize that a little boredom is not harmful, and may even be helpful.
III. Summary Writing
52. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Why We Yawn
Yawning is one of the most common human behaviors, yet scientists still do not fully understand why we do it. For many years, the most popular explanation was that yawning increases oxygen levels in the blood. However, experiments have shown that people yawn just as often when breathing pure oxygen, and breathing carbon dioxide does not increase yawning. So that theory has been largely abandoned.
A newer theory suggests that yawning helps cool the brain. Just like a computer processor can overheat, the brain can get too warm. Yawning brings in cooler air, which circulates through the blood vessels in the head and helps reduce brain temperature. Studies have found that people yawn more often in warm environments and less often in cold environments, supporting this idea.
Another fascinating aspect of yawning is its contagiousness. Seeing or even hearing someone yawn can trigger a yawn in ourselves. Brain imaging studies show that when we see someone yawn, the parts of our brain involved in empathy and social processing become active. People who are more empathetic tend to catch yawns more easily, while people with conditions that affect social understanding, such as autism, are less likely to yawn in response to others.
So the next time you yawn, you are not just tired or bored—you might be cooling your brain or unconsciously showing that you understand the people around you.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
IV. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
53. 这家书店每周六下午都会举办读书分享会，吸引了许多年轻读者。（host）
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
54. 尽管下着大雨，消防员们仍然及时赶到现场，成功救出了被困的居民。（despite）
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
55. 学校图书馆引入了自助借书系统，学生们只需要扫描学生证就可以借阅图书。（scan）
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
56. 为了提高学生的环保意识，学校计划在下个月组织一次校园垃圾分类宣传活动，以便让每个人都能为环境保护出一份力。（so that）
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
V. Guided Writing
57. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是阳光中学九年级学生李华。你们学校近期开展了一项“居家劳动小能手”的活动，鼓励学生在家里主动承担家务劳动。请你给校园英语报投稿，分享你做家务的一次经历。内容包括：
（1）描述你做的一件家务劳动（如做饭、打扫、洗衣服等）；
（2）谈谈你从这次经历中学到的道理或感受。
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参考答案
I. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
1. who engage 2. watering 3. how 4. a 5. As 6. that 7. through 8. and 9. another 10. who
Section B
11. A 12. G 13. K 14. I 15. E 16. H 17. J 18. B 19. D 20. C
II. Reading Comprehension
Section A
21. B 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. B
Section B
36. B 37. C 38. B 39. B 40. B 41. B 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. B 46. C 47. B
Section C
48. C 49. A 50. D 51. F
III. Summary Writing
52. (Sample answer within 60 words)
Scientists used to think yawning increased oxygen, but now believe it cools the brain. Yawning is contagious because it relates to empathy. People with stronger social understanding catch yawns more easily. Therefore, yawning serves both physical and social functions.
IV. Translation
53. This bookstore hosts a reading sharing session every Saturday afternoon, attracting many young readers.
54. Despite the heavy rain, the firefighters arrived at the scene in time and successfully rescued the trapped residents.
55. The school library has introduced a self-service book borrowing system, where students only need to scan their student ID cards to borrow books.
56. In order to raise students‘ environmental awareness, the school plans to organize a campus waste sorting publicity campaign next month so that everyone can do their part for environmental protection.
V. Guided Writing
57. (Sample answer)
Last month, our school launched a “Little Housework Expert” activity, encouraging students to help with housework. I decided to try cooking dinner for my family.
I chose to make tomato scrambled eggs, a simple dish. I carefully washed the tomatoes and beat three eggs in a bowl. When I poured the eggs into the hot oil, they sizzled loudly and splashed a little, which scared me at first. I added the tomatoes and stirred quickly. Although the dish turned out a bit too salty, my parents ate it happily and praised my effort.
From this experience, I learned that even simple tasks require patience and practice. Cooking is not as easy as it looks! I also realized how much work my parents do every day to take care of our family. This small act of cooking made me feel more responsible and grateful. I will continue to help with housework and develop good habits for life.2026年上海市高考英语6月考前冲刺卷4（含答案）
总分115，不含听力口语，考试时间100分钟
考生注意：
1. 本试卷共分为第I卷和第II卷两部分。所有答案必须填写在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
2. 答题前，请在答题纸上填写姓名和准考证号。
第I卷
I. Grammar and Vocabulary (共25分)
Section A (10分)
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The Hidden Life of Trees
Did you know that trees can talk to each other Scientists have discovered that forests are actually complex social networks ___1___ trees communicate using underground fungi (真菌). These fungal connections act ___2___ a kind of internet, allowing trees to send warnings about insects, share nutrients, and even recognize their own offspring.
When a tree ___3___ (attack) by insects, it releases chemical signals that travel through the fungal network to nearby trees. Those trees then produce chemicals ___4___ (make) their leaves less tasty. Mother trees, the oldest and largest in the forest, use this network to send sugar to young seedlings struggling in the shade. This explains ___5___ young trees growing near their parent often survive better than those farther away.
Professor Suzanne Simard from the University of British Columbia ___6___ (study) these networks for over thirty years. Her research shows that trees are not competitors but cooperators. In fact, trees can live for centuries ___7___ (support) each other through this underground system. When a tree is dying, it may send its remaining nutrients to neighboring trees before passing away.
___8___ surprising is that trees also have personalities. Some trees are more generous, sharing more resources with neighbors, ___9___ others are more selfish. Scientists are still trying to understand why these differences exist. “The forest is not just a collection of individual trees,” says Simard. “___10___ is a community, a family, where members help each other survive.”
Section B (15分)
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. climatic B. damaging C. exposed D. fresh E. fueling F. inclusively G. lines H. overdependence I. overthrown J. previously K. separated
The Fall of the Roman Empire
The Western Roman Empire is known as one of the longest lasting empires. Historians believe that the empire collapsed in 476 A.D., when its last ruler, Romulus Augustulus, was ____11____.
The question of why the Western Roman Empire ended has fascinated historians for generations, ____12____ a debate that is nowhere near reaching an agreement. In 1984, German historian Alexander Demandt drew up a list of more than two hundred factors that have been cited to explain Rome’s fall — a fall ____13____ blamed on internal corruption (腐败).
Other scholars have pointed to more specific reasons. Some have focused on the evolution of the Roman economy, which struggled to expand by the third century A.D. because of ____14____ on enslaved (受奴役的) people for labor. Ongoing military conflicts and civil wars that broke out from the third century on played a part too, weakening central authority and causing the empire to break apart, leaving it more ____15____ to external threats.
In recent years, however, a (n) ____16____ theory has emerged, highlighting the impact of climatic changes and disease outbreaks. In a work published in 2017, classics professor Kyle Harper argues that the rise and fall of Rome was shaped not only by emperors, generals, soldiers and slaves, but also by viruses, volcanoes and solar cycles. It is a story in which humanity and the environment cannot be ____17____.
Harper and other scholars have drawn on climate and widespread-disease data, which have opened up new ____18____ of research into the study of the past. The data suggest that the ____19____ conditions of the empire in the first century B.C. favored agricultural, economic, and population growth. But they became more variable with a trend toward cooling and drought, which impacted agricultural productivity. This crisis was compounded by another ____20____ natural phenomenon: epidemics (时疫). From the latter half of the second century on, epidemics emerged that affected the whole Roman Empire with unmatched intensity.
II. Reading Comprehension (共50分)
Section A (15分)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
The Power of Boredom
Parents often rush to fill every moment of their children’s lives with activities, lessons, and screen time. However, research suggests that boredom — that uncomfortable feeling of having nothing to do — may actually be ___21___ for child development.
Psychologists argue that when children feel bored, their brains enter a special state that encourages ___22___ thinking. Without outside stimulation, the mind begins to create its own entertainment. This is when children develop the ability to daydream, imagine, and solve problems ___23___. “Boredom is the space where creativity happens,” says Dr. Teresa Belton, a researcher who has studied the topic for decades.
Unfortunately, modern children have fewer ___24___ to experience boredom than previous generations. Between scheduled activities and endless digital content, there is rarely a quiet moment. When children complain, “I’m bored,” parents quickly ___25___ with suggestions or hand over a tablet. This response, though well-intentioned, may actually ___26___ children’s development of self-regulation skills.
Some schools have started incorporating “boredom time” into their schedules. During these periods, students are not allowed to use electronic devices or participate in organized activities. ___27___, they must figure out how to occupy themselves. The results have been promising. Students report feeling more ___28___ and creative after these sessions. Teachers note improved problem-solving abilities and greater willingness to take on ___29___ projects.
However, not all boredom is equal. Passive boredom — staring at a wall without purpose — does not produce the same ___30___ as active boredom, where the mind seeks engagement. The key is to provide an environment rich in raw materials like books, art supplies, and outdoor space, then step back and let children ___31___ their own entertainment.
Parents can help by resisting the urge to constantly entertain their children. Instead of providing ___32___ solutions when a child says “I’m bored,” parents might respond with, “That’s interesting. What could you do about that ” This simple shift puts the ___33___ on the child to find solutions.
Experts also recommend limiting screen time to create space for boredom. One family reported that after implementing a “no screens before 4 PM” rule, their children ___34___ a forgotten box of building toys and spent three hours creating an elaborate city. The children later said that afternoon was the most fun they had all month.
In our busy world, boredom has gained an unfair reputation as something to be avoided. Perhaps it is time to recognize that feeling bored is not a problem to be ___35___, but rather an opportunity for growth and discovery.
21. A. harmful B. beneficial C. familiar D. stressful
22. A. critical B. traditional C. simple D. creative
23. A. carefully B. independently C. quickly D. quietly
24. A. reasons B. choices C. opportunities D. abilities
25. A. compare B. compete C. connect D. respond
26. A. support B. delay C. prevent D. improve
27. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. Moreover
28. A. tired B. bored C. inspired D. worried
29. A. easy B. familiar C. expensive D. challenging
30. A. problems B. benefits C. pressure D. attention
31. A. copy B. find C. create D. follow
32. A. quick B. slow C. difficult D. obvious
33. A. blame B. focus C. responsibility D. stress
34. A. bought B. discovered C. borrowed D. brought
35. A. solved B. studied C. discussed D. remembered
Section B (30分)
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Every year, millions of birds collide with windows in cities around the world. These collisions are often fatal, and researchers estimate that window strikes kill up to one billion birds annually in the United States alone. However, a new study suggests that a simple, low-cost solution could dramatically reduce these deaths.
The problem lies in how birds perceive glass. During the day, windows reflect the surrounding environment—trees, sky, and clouds—leading birds to believe they can fly through. At night, artificial lights confuse migrating birds, drawing them toward buildings where they crash into windows. Birds cannot learn to avoid glass because it looks like an open pathway each time.
Scientists at the American Bird Conservancy tested various methods to make windows more visible to birds. They discovered that applying special patterns to the outside surface of windows is highly effective. The patterns need to be dense enough—spaced no more than two inches apart—so that birds perceive the glass as a solid barrier rather than an open space. Simple decals (贴纸) of hawks or other predators are less effective because birds do not recognize them as threats and will simply fly around them.
Several cities have already adopted bird-friendly building requirements. San Francisco, New York, and Toronto now mandate that new buildings incorporate bird-safe glass or other protective measures. Existing buildings can be retrofitted with external screens, films, or patterned glass. The cost is surprisingly low—often less than one percent of a building’s total construction budget.
The problem extends beyond skyscrapers. Homes and low-rise buildings actually cause more bird deaths collectively than large city buildings. Homeowners can help by moving bird feeders closer to windows (so birds leaving the feeder cannot gain enough speed for a fatal collision), installing external window screens, or applying simple patterns using tempera paint or specialized tape.
Light pollution is another major factor. The Lights Out program, active in over 30 cities, encourages building owners to turn off unnecessary lights during migration seasons. Chicago’s Field Museum reported that after participating buildings reduced nighttime lighting, bird collisions decreased by over 80 percent.
Conservationists emphasize that individual actions matter. “People often feel helpless when facing environmental problems,” says Dr. Sarah Wilson, an ornithologist at Cornell University. “But bird-window collisions are one issue where every person can make a measurable difference, starting with their own home or apartment.”
36. What is the main idea of the passage
A. Skyscrapers cause more bird deaths than small buildings.
B. Window collisions are a major threat to birds but can be reduced with simple solutions.
C. Birds are unable to learn from past mistakes when encountering windows.
D. Light pollution is the primary cause of bird collisions with buildings.
37. According to the passage, why are hawk decals not effective in preventing bird collisions
A. They are too expensive to produce in large quantities.
B. Birds do not perceive them as threats and fly around them.
C. They can only be applied to skyscrapers, not homes.
D. Birds cannot see the decals clearly during the day.
38. What can be inferred from the Lights Out program mentioned in paragraph 6
A. Birds only migrate during daylight hours.
B. Reducing artificial light significantly helps protect birds.
C. Most building owners refuse to participate in conservation efforts.
D. Chicago has the highest rate of bird collisions in the United States.
39. Which method would be most effective for a homeowner wanting to reduce bird collisions
A. Placing bird feeders far away from any windows.
B. Installing external screens on windows.
C. Cleaning windows daily to remove reflections.
D. Keeping all indoor lights on throughout the night.
(B)
In 2019, sixteen-year-old Gitanjali Rao was named Time magazine’s first-ever “Kid of the Year.” The young scientist and inventor earned this honor for her creative approaches to solving real-world problems using technology. But what makes Rao’s story particularly inspiring is not just her intelligence—it is her systematic method of innovation that anyone can learn.
Rao began inventing at age ten after learning about the water crisis in Flint, Michigan. She was shocked that children were being poisoned by lead in their drinking water. While most people her age might have felt helpless, Rao asked herself a simple question: “How can I help ” This question launched her on a journey to create a device called Tethys—a portable sensor that connects to a smartphone and detects lead in water faster and more cheaply than existing methods.
Rao’s approach follows what she calls the “innovation process”: observe, brainstorm, research, build, and improve. First, she observes a problem that affects people’s daily lives. Next, she brainstorms as many solutions as possible without judging them. Then she researches existing solutions to understand what has already been tried. After that, she builds a simple prototype (原型). Finally, she tests her prototype, gathers feedback, and makes improvements—often repeating this cycle dozens of times.
The young inventor emphasizes that failure is not just acceptable but necessary. “My first prototype for Tethys didn’t work at all,” Rao admits. “Neither did my second, or my third. But each failure taught me something new. I learned more from my failures than from my successes.” She encourages other young people not to wait until they feel “ready” to start solving problems. “You don’t need to know everything before you begin,” she says. “You learn by doing.”
Rao has since developed additional innovations, including a tool called Kindly that uses artificial intelligence to detect cyberbullying early, and an app called Epione that helps doctors diagnose opioid addiction in teenagers. Despite her success, Rao insists she is no different from other teenagers. “I still struggle with homework, I still argue with my parents, and I still have moments when I feel like giving up,” she says. “The difference is that I’ve learned to see problems as opportunities rather than obstacles.”
Critics might argue that Rao’s success is due to natural talent or family support. However, Rao points to research showing that creativity and problem-solving skills can be developed through practice. “Innovation is not a gift you’re born with,” she explains. “It’s a muscle you build over time. The more you exercise it, the stronger it becomes.”
40. What is the primary purpose of this article
A. To advertise Gitanjali Rao’s inventions to potential investors.
B. To explain how young people can develop innovation skills.
C. To compare different approaches to solving water pollution.
D. To criticize schools for not teaching enough problem-solving.
41. According to Rao’s “innovation process,” what should one do immediately after observing a problem
A. Build a working prototype to test possible solutions.
B. Research what solutions already exist in the field.
C. Generate many possible solutions without evaluation.
D. Ask experts for advice on the best approach.
42. What does Rao mean when she says “Innovation is a muscle you build over time” (paragraph 6)
A. Innovation requires physical strength and endurance.
B. Creative thinking becomes easier with regular practice.
C. Only athletes can become successful innovators.
D. Most people are born with natural innovation abilities.
43. Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude toward Rao’s message
A. Doubtful and questioning.
B. Supportive and encouraging.
C. Critical and disapproving.
D. Neutral and uninterested.
(C)
Most people believe that having a wide range of interests makes them more creative. The common wisdom suggests that a curious person who reads widely, tries new hobbies, and explores different fields will naturally generate more innovative ideas than someone focused narrowly on a single subject. Surprisingly, recent research challenges this assumption.
A study published in the journal Creativity Research followed professional inventors, scientists, and artists over a ten-year period. The researchers tracked not only their creative outputs but also their reading habits, hobbies, and professional activities outside their main field. The results were unexpected: individuals who produced the most innovative work actually spent less time on diverse activities than their less creative peers. Instead, they engaged in what researchers call “deep curiosity”—intensive exploration of a few related areas rather than shallow sampling of many unrelated ones.
The lead researcher, Dr. Michael Patel, explains the finding: “Creativity doesn’t come from knowing a little about many things. It comes from making unusual connections between things you know very well. To make those connections, you need deep knowledge in multiple domains. That takes time and focused attention—resources that get spread thin when you try to do everything.”
The study identified three specific habits of highly creative individuals. First, they maintain “focused hobbies”—leisure activities closely related to their professional work. A biologist who paints, for example, might develop a better eye for patterns in nature. Second, they practice “active rest”—activities like walking or showering that allow the mind to wander without digital distractions. Third, they regularly revisit old problems with new perspectives gained from their focused explorations.
This research has significant implications for education. Many schools encourage students to explore broadly, sampling art, music, science, and sports. While this exposure has benefits, the study suggests that once students find an area of genuine interest, they should be encouraged to dive deep. A student who loves coding might benefit more from advanced programming projects than from adding piano lessons to their schedule.
The findings also challenge workplace practices. Many companies rotate employees through different departments to “broaden their perspectives.” However, Patel’s research suggests that depth may matter more than breadth. “The most innovative teams we studied,” Patel notes, “were not those where members had the widest range of outside interests. They were teams where members shared deep knowledge in overlapping areas, allowing them to communicate complex ideas quickly and build on each other’s insights.”
Of course, the study does not suggest that exploration is worthless. Early in one’s career or education, sampling different fields helps identify where passions lie. But once that foundation is established, the path to creativity runs through depth, not breadth. As Patel concludes, “Be curious, but be selectively curious. The world’s most creative minds didn’t try to know everything. They tried to know a few things better than anyone else.”
44. What does the recent research challenge according to the passage
A. The idea that deep knowledge prevents creative thinking.
B. The belief that diverse interests lead to greater creativity.
C. The importance of curiosity in the innovation process.
D. The value of professional experience for scientists.
45. What is “deep curiosity” as described by the researchers
A. Reading as many books as possible on different topics.
B. Trying every hobby at least once to find a passion.
C. Exploring a few related subjects very thoroughly.
D. Spending more time on social activities than work.
46. How might schools apply the research findings
A. Require all students to study the same subjects.
B. Eliminate art and music programs completely.
C. Encourage deep exploration once students find interests.
D. Focus only on science and math education.
47. What can be inferred about highly innovative teams from the passage
A. They benefit from members with very different backgrounds.
B. They avoid sharing ideas to prevent conflicts.
C. They perform best when members understand each other’s work deeply.
D. They require members to have hobbies outside of work.
Section C (5分)
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
The Teenage Brain
For decades, parents and teachers have attributed teenagers’ impulsive behavior to hormones or simple rebellion. ___48___ Modern neuroscience has revealed that the teenage brain is undergoing dramatic construction—a process that explains both the challenges and remarkable potential of adolescence.
The last part of the brain to fully develop is the prefrontal cortex, which controls decision-making, impulse control, and long-term planning. ___49___ This means teenagers literally have an incomplete “braking system” when it comes to risky behavior. Meanwhile, the limbic system, which processes emotions and rewards, becomes highly active during adolescence.
This developmental timeline explains many common teenage behaviors. The tendency to seek new experiences and take risks That is the reward system seeking stimulation while the impulse control system lags behind. ___50___ It is not stubbornness—it is that different brain regions process social information with different priorities during adolescence.
Understanding the science of the teenage brain has practical implications. Schools that start later in the morning report better academic performance and fewer behavioral problems, as teenagers’ natural sleep cycles shift later during development. ___51___ They move from punishment-based approaches to teaching self-regulation skills that work with, rather than against, brain development.
Perhaps most importantly, this research offers hope. The same brain plasticity that makes teenagers vulnerable to risky choices also makes them capable of remarkable growth. ___52___ Parents and educators who understand this can provide the guidance and support that helps adolescents build strong neural pathways for healthy decision-making.
A. This region does not reach full maturity until the mid-20s.
B. Parents who enforce strict rules see the best results from their teenagers.
C. However, research now suggests a different explanation.
D. The emotional intensity of teenage friendships and conflicts also makes sense neurologically.
E. With the right support, the teenage years can be a period of extraordinary learning and development.
F. Programs that work with adolescent brain development have shown promising results.
III. Summary Writing (10分)
53. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
The Art of Asking Questions
In most classrooms, students are rewarded for having answers. From multiple-choice tests to raised hands offering correct responses, the education system celebrates knowing. However, a growing number of educators argue that this emphasis on answers misses something crucial: the ability to ask good questions may be more valuable than the ability to provide answers.
The case for questioning begins with observation of how the world actually works. In professional settings, from scientific research to business management, progress rarely comes from someone reciting known facts. Instead, breakthroughs typically follow someone asking a question no one has thought to ask before. “Einstein’s theory of relativity didn’t come from him knowing more facts than his peers,” notes education expert Dr. Tony Wagner. “It came from him asking a different question about time and space.”
Despite this, schools rarely teach questioning as a skill. Students learn what questions have correct answers but seldom practice developing their own questions. Research suggests that young children ask dozens of questions per hour, but by middle school, that rate drops dramatically. Schools unintentionally train this curiosity out of students by rewarding correct answers and punishing incorrect ones—even when incorrect answers reflect genuine attempts at understanding.
Some schools are experimenting with “question-focused” curricula. In these classrooms, teachers evaluate students not on whether they can answer questions correctly but on how thoughtful and creative their questions are. Students practice generating questions before learning answers, turning the traditional model on its head. Results from these programs show improvements not only in curiosity measures but also in traditional test scores.
The implications extend beyond school walls. In an age when information is available at everyone’s fingertips, knowing facts has become less valuable than knowing what questions to ask. The ability to ask productive questions—questions that open new areas of inquiry rather than simply request known information—is increasingly recognized as essential for success in higher education and the modern workplace.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第II卷 (共40分)
IV. Translation (15分)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
54. 这位科学家花了将近十年时间才找到解决这个环境问题的方法。(take)
______________________________________________________________________________
55. 无论选择哪条路，重要的是你从经历中学到了什么。(matter)
______________________________________________________________________________
56. 学校鼓励学生参与社区服务，这不仅能培养责任感，还能帮助他们更好地理解社会。(involve)
______________________________________________________________________________
57. 虽然人工智能可以完成许多任务，但它无法取代人与人之间的情感联系。(replace)
______________________________________________________________________________
V. Guided Writing (25分)
58. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below.
学校英文报正在举办以“The Habit I Want to Develop”为主题的征文活动。请写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1) 你想养成什么习惯；
2) 为什么想养成这个习惯；
3) 你打算如何养成这个习惯。
注：文中不得出现考生姓名、学校等真实个人信息。
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参考答案
第I卷
I. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A: 1. where 2. as 3. is attacked 4. to make 5. why 6. has studied 7. supporting 8. What 9. while 10. It
Section B: 11．I 12．E 13．J 14．H 15．C 16．D 17．K 18．G 19．A 20．B
II. Reading Comprehension
Section A: 21. B 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. A
Section B: 36. B 37. B 38. B 39. B 40. B 41. C 42. B 43. B 44. B 45. C 46. C 47. C
Section C: 48. C 49. A 50. D 51. F 52. E
III. Summary Writing
53. Schools typically reward students for providing correct answers rather than asking good questions. However, questioning is crucial for innovation and real-world success. Some schools are adopting question-focused curricula, which improve both curiosity and test scores. In today's information-rich world, knowing what questions to ask matters more than knowing facts. (58 words)
第II卷
IV. Translation
54. It took the scientist nearly ten years to find a solution to this environmental problem.
55. No matter which path you choose, what matters is what you learn from the experience.
56. The school encourages students to involve themselves in community service, which not only develops a sense of responsibility but also helps them better understand society.
57. Although artificial intelligence can perform many tasks, it cannot replace the emotional connection between people.
V. Guided Writing
58. (Sample answer)
The Habit I Want to Develop
The habit I want to develop is reading for at least thirty minutes every day before going to bed.
I want to cultivate this habit because I have noticed that I spend too much time on my phone scrolling through social media, which adds little value to my life. Reading, on the other hand, expands my knowledge, improves my vocabulary, and helps me relax after a stressful day. Moreover, replacing screen time with reading will likely improve my sleep quality and reduce eye strain.
To develop this habit, I plan to start small. I will put my phone in another room one hour before bedtime and place a book on my nightstand. I have also joined a school reading club for accountability. Each week, I will track my progress in a journal. If I miss a day, I will not give up but simply continue the next day. With consistent effort, I believe reading can become a natural part of my daily routine.

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