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写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　　　　n.收成,收获 v.收割,收获 2.　　　　 v.投票,表决 n.选票,投票 3.　　　　 n.(长篇)小说 adj.新颖的 4.　　　　 n.文学,文学作品 5.　　　　 n.信封 6.　　　　 n.(建筑物、汽车、帐篷等的)顶, 顶部 7.　　　　　　　n.& v.请求,要求 8.　　　　 v.挥手,招手 n.波浪,海浪 9.　　　　 n.前夕,前一天 10.　　　　 n.成人,成年人 11.　　　　 n.(为达到某目标的)过程,进程 v.加工;审核,处理 12.　　　　 n.公民,市民 13.　　　　 n.听众,观众
阅 读 词 汇 1.dragon　　　 　n.　　　　　　　 2.lunar adj.　　　　　　　 3.handwritten adj.　　　　　　　 4.fancy adj.　　　　　　　 5.guy n.　　　　　　　 6.lantern n.　　　　　　　 7.dessert n.　　　　　　　 8.firework n.　　　　　　　 9.riddle　　　　　n.　　　　　　　 10.host　 n.　　　　　　　 vt.　　　　　　　 11.embrace v.　　　　　　　 12.software n.　　　　　　　 13.token n.　　　　　　　 14.overseas adv.　　　　　　　 15.phenomenon n.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 v.向……表示敬意n.荣誉;尊敬;荣幸;[pl.]优异成绩→　　　　 adj.受尊敬的;感到荣幸的→　　　　 adj.(人)值得尊敬的;(行为)光荣的,体面的 2.　　　　 n.诗人→　　　　 n.诗→　　　　 n.(总称)诗,诗歌 3.　　　　 n.装饰物→　　　　 v.装饰,布置,美化 4.　　　　 n.自由,自由权利→　　　　 adj.自由的→　　　　 adv.自由地,随意地 5.　　　　 v.参加,参与→　　　　 n.参加,参与→　　　　 n.参加者,参与者 6.　　　　 adv.不管,不顾→　　　　 v.认为,看作→　　　　 prep.关于,至于 7.　　　　 n.(社会上的)不平等→(反义词) 　　　　 n.平等;同等→　　　　 adj.相等的,平等的→　　　　 adv.相等地,同样地 8.　　　　 n.幻想,想象→　　　　 adj.极好的;富于想象的
拓 展 词 汇 9.　　　　 adj.无限的→(反义词) 　　　　 adj.有限的→　　　　 v.限制,限定→　　　　 n.限制;控制;(能力的)局限 10.　　　　 n.(行星的)地极,(尤指地球的)北极或南极→　　　　 adj.极地的 11.　　　　 adj.频繁的,经常的;有规律的;普通的 n.常客→　　　　 adv.定期地,有规律地;频繁地→(反义词) 　　　　 adj.不规则的,无规律的 12.　　　　 v.抱怨,不满,发牢骚→　　　　 n.投诉;抱怨,埋怨 13.　　　　 n.警告,警示,告诫→　　　　 v.警告,告诫,提醒注意(可能发生的事) 14.　　　　 adj.挨饿的,即将饿死的→　　　　 v.挨饿,受饿→　　　　 n.挨饿,饥饿 15.　　　　 v.表明,显示→　　　　 n.指示,表明,象征 16.　　　　 v.吸引,引起……的兴趣 →　　　　 n.吸引;吸引人的事物→　　　　 adj.吸引人的,有吸引力的 17.　　　　 n.比赛,竞赛→　　　　 v.竞争;参加(竞赛或比赛)→　　　　 adj.竞争的;有竞争力的;一心求胜的→　　　　 n.竞争者,对手 18.　　　　 adj.正式的→(反义词) 　　　　 adj.(言辞/行为/场合/衣服)非正式的→　　　　 adv.正式地→　　　　 adv.非正式地;不拘礼节地;通俗地 19.　　　　 n.场合,时刻→　　　　 adj.偶尔的→　　　　 adv.偶尔地 20.　　　　 n.(报纸、杂志的)主编,编辑→　　　　 v.编辑,剪辑→　　　　 n.版,版本 21.　　　　 v.(不情愿地)承认→　　　　 adj.公认的;被承认了的→　　　　 n.承认;进入许可;(公园、博物馆等地的)入场费;录取,录用 22.　　　　 n.力气,精力,努力→　　　　 adj.不费力的,容易的→　　　　 adv.轻松地;毫不费劲地 23.　　　　 n.失去,丧失,损失→　　　　 v.失去,丢失 24.　　　　 adj.退休的→　　　　 v.退休;退役;(陪审团)退庭→　　　　 n.退休,退职 25.　　　　 v.存在,实际上有→　　　　 n.生存,存在→　　　　 adj.现存的,现行的 26.　　　　 adj.全球的,全世界的;整体的,全面的→　　　　 adv.全球地→　　　　 n.全球;地球仪 27.　　　　 n.国籍;民族→　　　　 adj.全国的;民族的→　　　　 adv.全国性地→　　　　 n.国家;民族;国民 28.　　　　 v.互动→　　　　 n.相互作用,相互影响;交流→　　　　 adj.互动的,交互的 29.　　　　 n.欢欣,愉快,喜悦→　　　　 adj.愉快的,喜悦的→　　　　 adv.高兴地,愉快地
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　 　　发生;举行 2.　　　　　　　 为纪念 3.　　　　　　　 增加 4.　　　　　　　 聚在一起;聚会 5.　　　　　　　 不管,不顾,不理会 6.　　　　　　　 保持……生机/活力 7.　　　　　　　 只要;与……一样长 8.　　　　　　　 把……视作…… 9.　　　　　　　 抱怨 10.　　　　　　　 代替;而不是 11.　　　　　　　　　　既……又……;除……之外(也);此外 12.　　　　　　　 热衷于;喜爱,喜欢 13.　　　　　　　 外出就餐 14.　　　　　　　 多达;不少于 15.　　　　　　　 与……无关 16.　　　　　　　 闲坐 17.　　　　　　　 清理 18.　　　　　　　 包裹;总结,结束
重 点 句 型 1.每年的4月27日是南非的自由日,以庆祝1994年南非第一次全民参与的选举。在那次选举中,不分肤色,人人都可以投票。(“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句) Freedom Day is held every year on 27 April to celebrate South Africa’s first fully-participated elections in 1994,　　　　　　 everyone was allowed to vote regardless of skin colour. 2.不过,随着托尔金的孩子们渐渐长大,信的内容确实发生了一些变化……(do强调谓语动词) The letters 　　　　,however,change as Tolkien’s children got older... 3.会是谁寄过来的呢 孩子们打开时一定非常兴奋。(情态动词+have done表推测) Who could it be from The children 　　　　　　　　　　 very excited as they opened it. 4.在我看来,除夕夜我们吃什么、在哪里吃,真的不重要。(主语从句) In my opinion,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 really doesn’t matter. 5.这不仅因为可以吃到平时难以吃到的美食,而且全家人能有机会团聚在一起。(强调句型) 　　　　 not only for the delicious food 　　　　 we seldom got to eat,but for the opportunity to have our whole family gathered together. 6.那时我会在家里跑来跑去,听大人们闲聊他们这一年的情况。(现在分词短语作伴随状语) I would run around the house,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 their year.
动词变名词的后缀“-ance” 集锦:
①guide→guidance 指导,指引　　　　②appear→appearance 露面;外表
③assist→assistance 帮助,援助 ④perform→performance 演出;表现
⑤attend→attendance 出席;上学 ⑥resist→resistance 抵抗,反对
⑦allow→allowance 许可;津贴 ⑧annoy→annoyance 烦恼;使人烦恼的事
⑨tolerate→tolerance 忍受,容忍 ⑩endure→endurance 忍耐力,耐久性
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are—but what they do know has raised concerns.(分析:do强调　　　　　　　　) 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Batteries are energy-efficient and electric cars can plug into 　　　　 (exist) systems and services. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness 　　　　 (regard) food waste. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Through this 　　　　 (interact),I realised that by embracing my cultural identity,I was not only preserving my heritage but also enriching the lives of those around me. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Flowers are everywhere—hanging baskets,window boxes,and planters—just what you imagine in an 　　　　 (attract) English market town. 6.(2025·北京卷)Then,in the 1980s,Bob Johnson created the life story model of identity,　　　　　　　　　　　　 (在这个模型中他提出),as we go through life,these core features are built in with our memories...
7.(2025·浙江1月卷)The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of 　　　　 (free)... 8.(2025·浙江1月卷)Mrs.Green hugged Kevin,　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (感谢他的勇敢). 9.(2025·浙江1月卷)“Stop right there! You must leave right now!” he called out,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (双手握住树枝). 10.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)But 　　　　 (equal) important is the mental aspect. 11.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)When I was a teenager,a neighbourhood friend won a marathon race.Feeling motivated,I started running 　　　　 (regular)... 12.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Inspired by the 　　　　 (fantasy) scenery,I decided to create a watercolour painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond. 13.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)If he seems a little defensive,it might be because even some of his coworkers 　　　　 (occasional) laugh at his unusual methods. 14.(2024·北京卷)When I was a little girl,I liked drawing,　　　　 (free) and joyously making marks on the walls at home. 15.(2024·浙江1月卷)The chief 　　　　 (complain) about online courses is that they lack human interaction. 16.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Her delay came because she was carrying a 　　　　 (compete) across the finish line. 17.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)It’s been an 　　　　 (荣幸) to watch the panda programme develop and to see the pandas settle into their new home. 18.(2023·全国甲卷)However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty 　　　　 (warn) about environmental destruction. 19.(2023·全国乙卷)She led the 　　　　 (compete) from beginning to end. 20.(2023·北京卷)Nina has run marathons in 32 countries.All of her runs have a guiding purpose:to call attention to 　　　　 (globe) water issues. 21.(2023·北京卷)It’s a 　　　　 (joy) and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college. 22.(2023·天津6月卷)Not only can I teach 　　　　 (participate) how to make dumplings,but also let them fall in love with Chinese cuisine. 23.(2022·北京卷)For instance,we must exercise daily 　　　　　　　　 (不管)our age and working style. 24.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Oranges: Orange trees are more than 　　　　 (decorate);they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.honour v.向……表示敬意;尊敬 n.尊敬;荣誉;荣幸
①[演讲稿] I feel honoured 　　　　 (invite) to give you a lecture on how to improve English reading ability.
②[传统节日] The Dragon Boat Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth month of the Chinese lunar calendar and is observed 　　　　　　　　 (为纪念)Qu Yuan,a famous ancient poet.
③[演讲稿] 能有这次宝贵的机会在这里发表演讲,我感到非常荣幸。
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to deliver a speech here.(it作形式主语)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to deliver a speech here.(it作形式宾语)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to deliver a speech here.(honoured)
2.regard v.认为,看作 n.尊敬;问候,致意
①[发言稿] We should regard it 　　　　 our duty to help the disabled.An ideal society should be filled with love and kindness.
②Everyone benefits from exercising regularly,regardless 　　　　 age,sex or physical ability.
③[中国文化] Calligraphy 　　　　　　　　 (被视为) an important part of traditional Chinese art.
④[活动报道] 关于即将到来的元宵节,我们班正忙着用手工制作的龙灯来装饰教室。
　　　　　　　　 the upcoming Lantern Festival,our class are busying decorating the classroom with handmade dragon lanterns.
3.request n.& v.请求,要求
①The headmaster requested us 　　　　 (behave) ourselves well at school and he also requested that we 　　　　 (make) full preparations for the coming examination.
②　　　　 the request of the teachers and students,the school decided to buy one thousand new books for the library.
③The teacher made a request 　　　　 parents to attend the upcoming parent-teacher conference to discuss students’ progress.
④[通知] Those who would like to go 　　　　 (request) to sign up at the office before 5:00 pm next Friday.
4.attract v.吸引,引起……的兴趣;引起注意
①　　　　 (attract) by the beauty of nature,the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.
②[介绍信] The ancient castle on the hill is the main 　　　　 (attract) of this small town,drawing thousands of visitors every year.
③[景点介绍] 北京有许多旅游胜地。最吸引我的是长城,它对于许多外国人来说也很有吸引力。越来越多的外国人被它的宏伟所吸引而来到中国。
There are 　　　　　　　　　　　　 in Beijing.　　　　　　　　　　　　 the Great Wall,which 　　　　　　　　　　　　 many foreigners.More and more foreigners
　　　　　　　　　 its magnificence and come to China.
5.competition n.比赛,竞赛
①(2024·新课标 Ⅱ 卷) You’ll compete 　　　　 fewer tourists,save money,experience a different side of a popular place,and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower.
②(2023·新课标 Ⅰ 卷) On Oct.11,hundreds of runners competed 　　　　 a cross-country race in Minnesota.
③Athletes from around the world train hard to compete 　　　　 gold medals at the Olympic Games,bringing honour to their nations.
④The 　　　　 athlete thought about honour and glory when 　　　　 with other 　　　　 for a medal in the 　　　　.(compete)
6.admit v.(不情愿地)承认;接纳;准许……进入;容纳
①News came from the school office that Wang Lin had been admitted 　　　　 Peking University.
②[申请信] Extremely passionate about doing volunteer work,I’m writing with great expectation to apply for 　　　　 (admit) to the organisation.
③[通知] As for the 　　　　 fee,according to the regulations of the museum,children under 12 accompanied by an adult 　　　　 free.(admit)
④[邀请信] 得知我校乒乓球队正在招收新队员,我迫不及待地想邀请你加入球队。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I can hardly wait to invite you to join it.
7.现在分词(短语)作伴随状语
[教材原句] I would run around the house,listening to the adults chatting about their year.
那时我会在家里跑来跑去,听大人们闲聊他们这一年的情况。
①[场景描写] 她面带微笑地穿过校园,向沿途遇到的每一位老师问好。
She walked through the campus with a smile,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
②[动作描写] 孩子们有说有笑,一个接一个地走进教室。
　　　　　　　　　　　　,the children walked into the classroom one by one.
③[动作描写] 他们在那儿站了半小时,看着天上的星星。
They stood there for half an hour,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
①现在分词(短语)作伴随状语,表示伴随情况,所代表的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,且与句子的主语之间是主动关系。现在分词(短语)除在句中作状语外,还可以作表语、定语、宾语补足语等;现在分词(短语)作状语除了表示伴随以外,还可表示时间、条件、原因、让步、结果和方式等。
②动词不定式作结果状语时常表示意想不到的结果;而现在分词(短语)作结果状语时,常表示自然而然的结果。
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] Interestingly,the letters did not contain the usual warnings to children ①that they
might not receive their presents ②if they were not good.
尝试分析:此句为主从复合句。主句是the letters did not contain the usual warnings to children,为“　　　　”结构;①是that引导的　　　　从句; ②是if引导的　　　　从句;句首的interestingly是副词作　　　　,修饰　　　　　　。
自主翻译:
情境仿写:幸运的是,我们的老师经常给同学们分享这种鼓舞人心的寄语,比如我们互相支持、彼此帮助就能取得巨大进步。
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.host
A.v.主办　　　　　　 　 B.n.主人
C.n.许多;大量 D.v.主持
①(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)My wife and I wanted to share our new home with family and friends by hosting a small gathering in the early summer.　　
②(2023·浙江1月卷)During the cookout,I told my hosts about the hummingbird incident.They promised to fix the window.　　
③(2022·新课标Ⅰ卷)Giant pandas also serve as an umbrella species (物种),bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China.　　
④(2020·新课标Ⅱ卷)While running every aspect of our own news station,kids and their fellow campers will create and host a broadcast airing each night at dinner for the entire camp.　　
2.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·浙江1月卷)A novel design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide.　　　　　　　
②(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)What does Campbell urge people to do regarding AI development 　　　　　　　
③(2024·浙江1月卷)He was in the cast of “Tom Sawyer” when it was first performed and is a Children’s Theatre regular,with five shows to his credit.　　　　　　　
④(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Somehow,these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error.　　　　　　　
⑤(2023·全国乙卷)She had to say goodbye to her two dogs and to the beach,where she loved to ride waves on her board.　　　　　　　
⑥(2022·新课标Ⅰ卷)David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children,but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid.　　　　　　　
⑦(2022·新课标 Ⅱ 卷)Once the registration form is received and processed,we will send a confirmation email within two business days.　　　　　　　
⑧(2020·新课标Ⅰ卷)Through it all,she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honours.　　　　　　　
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)These data are also biased towards certain species with 　　　　 (attract) or eye-catching features.
2.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they 　　　　 (occasion) make salads for their entire schools.
3.(2023·浙江1月卷)Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and simpler in design and 　　　　 (decorate),and the hutongs were narrower.
4.(2022·新课标Ⅱ卷)We offer scholarships to low-income schools and youth organisations,subject to availability.　　　　 (participate) in a post-visit survey is required.
5.(2022·全国乙卷)Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides 　　　　 (equal) contact (联系) and share with one another.
6.I’d like to make a complaint 　　　　 the noise.
7.Our school requested us 　　　　 (attend) the lecture on time.
8.You will not be admitted 　　　　 the theatre after the performance has started.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 告知信—传统节日—端午节
　　假设你是李华,你的加拿大朋友Eric对中国的端午节比较感兴趣,请你写一封回信,简单向其介绍端午节的来源、习俗和历史。
[场景演练]
1.很高兴得知你如此热衷于我们国家的端午节,我非常荣幸地与你分享我所知道的所有知识。(honour;festival)
2.被视为在中国庆祝的最重要的传统节日之一,端午节是在农历的五月初五。(regard...as;lunar)
3.这个节日对中国人而言如此重要,家家户户都会庆祝这特殊的时刻。(occasion)
4.传说端午节的起源是为了纪念古代爱国诗人屈原。(poet)
5.以吃用竹叶或芦苇叶包裹成金字塔形的粽子和赛龙舟为特征,这个节日延续了数千年。(exist;wrap)
6.中国的传统节日是中国文化的重要组成部分,举国上下热烈、欢欣庆祝。这些节日在中国人心中有着重要的意义。(joy)
7.希望这信息对你有很大帮助,如有任何疑问,请随时联系我。(in case of)
[句式升级]
1.将第3句用倒装句进行改写升级。
2.将第6句用现在分词短语作状语进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
在那个阳光明媚的午后,院子里弥漫着欢声笑语。一群孩子在院子里追逐嬉笑着,他们的快乐如此纯粹。他们中的有些人不慎摔倒时,非但没有哭泣,反而高兴地大笑起来。他们欢快而无忧无虑的笑声在空气中回荡,仿佛能照亮社区的每一个角落。祖父母们坐在旁边的石凳上看着孩子们。他们面带微笑。一位老爷爷手里拿着一把竹扇,慢慢地扇着风。看到这热闹的场景,他的眼睛因喜悦而闪烁着。偶尔,他会放声大笑,那笑声里充满了对生活的热爱和对未来的期许。
On that sunny afternoon,①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
A group of kids ②　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in the yard,and their happiness was so pure.
When some of them accidentally fell down,instead of crying,they ③　　　　　　　　.
④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 echoed through the air,as if it could brighten every corner of the neighbourhood.
The grandparents sat on the stone benches nearby and watched the kids.⑤　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　 　.
An old grandpa,with a bamboo fan in his hand,fanned himself slowly.⑥　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　 as he took in the lively scene.
Occasionally,⑦　　　　　　　　　　　　,and his laughter was full of love for life and expectations for the future.
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　 n.球门;目标 2.　　　　 n.满意,满足;内容;[pl.]目录;含量 adj.满意的 v.(使)满足,(使)满意 3.　　　　 adj.塑料制的 n.塑料 4.　　　　 n.因素,要素 5.　　　　 n.武装冲突,战斗,战争;争执,争论 6.　 　　　 n.显示器;(特性、情感或能力的)展示;表露 v.展示,陈列 7.　　　　 v.监视,监测 n.班长;显示器,监视器 8.　　　　 n.大师,能手;主人 v.掌握 9.　　　　 n.资料,数据 10.　　　　 v.(持续而隐隐地)作痛 n.(身体某部位)疼痛
阅 读 词 汇 1.twist　　　　　n.　　　　　　　 2.soldier n.　　　　　　　 3.assure v.　　　　　　　 4.chart v.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 5.setting n.　　　　　　　 6.skip v.　　　　　　　 7.plank n.　　　　　　　 8.bar n.　　　　　　　 9.upper　　　　　adj.　　　　　　　 10.bone n.　　　　　　　 11.label n.　　　　　　　　 v.　　　　　　　 12.asthma n.　　　　　　　 13.lung n.　　　　　　　 work n.　　　　　　　　 v.　　　　　　　 15.gorilla n.　　　　　　　 16.am 　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 n.冲浪(运动);网络浏览→　　　　 v.冲浪;(互联网上)浏览→　　　　 n.冲浪者 2.　　　　 v.代表,表示,象征→　　　　 n.代表,代理人 adj.典型的,有代表性的→ 　　　　 n.表现;描述;代表;支持 3.　　　　 n.基础;根据→　　　　 v.以……为基础 n.根基;基地→　　　　 adj.基础的,基本 　的→　　　　 adv.基本上,大体上,总的说来 4.　　　　 n.装备,设备,用具→　　　　 v.装备,配备→　　　　 adj.装备齐全的;有能力的 5.　　　　 v.(在比赛中)防守,防卫→ 　　　　 n.防卫,防护;防御设施→　　　　 n.捍卫者,保护者,守卫者;后卫→　　　　 adj.防御(性)的,戒备的,(体育运动中的打法)防守型的
拓 展 词 汇 6.　　　　 n.死,死亡→　　　　 v.死,死亡;(机器或设备)完全停止运行→　　　　 adj.死的,失去生命的→　　　　 adj.致命的,致死的;极度的 adv.极其,非常→　　　　 adj.垂死的 7.　　　　 adj.理想的,最好的→　　　　 adv.理想地,完美地→　　　　 n.理想主义→　　　　 n.理想主义者 8.　　　　 adj.可调整的,可调节的→ 　　　　 v.调整,调节;适应→　　　　 n.调整,调节;适应 9.　　　　 adj.可用的,可获得的;有空的→ 　　　　 n.可获得性,可利用性;有效性 10.　　　　 n.平衡(能力);天平;余额 v.(使)保持平衡→　　　　 adj.平衡的 11.　　　　 v.包含,需要→　　　　 adj.卷入的,参与的;关系密切的→　　　　 n.参与,卷入;投入 12.　　　　 n.回答,答复→　　　　 v.回答,作出反应 13.　　　　 v.理解,了解,解释→　　　　 n.解释,说明,阐明→　　　　 n.口译者,口译员→　　　　 adj.阐释的,解释的,诠释的 14.　　　　 n.力量v.驱动;推动→　　　　 adj.强大的;权力大的→　　　　 adj.无权力的;无影响力的;无能为力的→　　　　 adv.强大地;强烈地 15.　　　　 n.紧张,焦虑→　　　　 adj.紧张的,焦虑的,无法放松的 16.　　　　 v.消失,不见→　　　　 n.消失,失踪;(指人、事物或动物)灭绝→(反义词)　　　　 v.出现,显现→　　　　 n.(尤指出乎意料的)到来,出现;外观,外表 17.　　　　 adj.满是汗的,被汗水湿透的→　　　　 n.汗水 v.出汗 18.　　　　 v.鼓舞,激励→　　　　 n.灵感;鼓舞人心的人(或事物)→　　　　 adj.鼓舞人心的;有激励作用的→　　　　 adj.品质优秀的;受到启发的 19.　　　　 v.说服,劝服→　　　　 n.劝说,说服→　　　　 adj.有说服力的,令人信服的 20.　　　　 n.(尤指体育比赛中的)冠军,第一名→　　　　 n.冠军头衔;锦标赛 21.　　　　 adj.(目标等)最终的→　　　　 adv.最终,最后
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　　　　 假定;考虑到,鉴于 2.　　　　　　　 追溯到 3.　　　　　　　 尽情地;心满意足地 4.　　　　　　　 以……结束 5.　　　　　　　 分解;发生故障;失败;消除;(身体)垮掉 6.　　　　　　　 以……为例 7.　　　　　　　　　　　爆发 8.　　　　　　　 放下;镇压;记下,写下 9.　　　　　　　 与生俱来,生而具有 10.　　　　　　　 在拐角处;即将发生 11.　　　　　　　 反过来;依次,轮流 12.　　　　　　　 从……中拯救…… 13.　　　　　　　 消失,绝迹,灭绝
重 点 句 型 1.想想当年尼尔·阿姆斯特朗曾想把足球带上月球,我们甚至可以说它也是地球之外最受欢迎的运动!(given that 引导状语从句) 　　　　　　　　 Neil Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon,we could even say that it is also the most popular sport out of this world! 2.足球是非常简便的一项运动,这或许是它受欢迎的最根本的原因。(that引导主语从句) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 is perhaps the basis of its popularity. 3.它也是一项花费很少的运动。(定语从句) It is also a game 　　　　　　　　　.
重 点 句 型 4.无论在健身房还是在路上,跑第一英里的时候我还能感受到神经的紧张。(whether...or...引导让步状语从句) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,my nervous energy pushes me through mile one. 5.等我跑完全程,所有的压力都消失了,我又可以准备好迎接第二天的工作了!(by the end of标志着主句用完成时态) 　　　　　　　　　　　　,all my stress 　　　　　 　　　 and I’m ready to face the next day at work! 6.最有趣的时刻是看比赛的人递给了我一根香蕉——这对于奔跑的大猩猩来说真是一顿美餐!(when引导表语从句) The funniest moment was 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　—a real treat for a running gorilla!
动词变名词的后缀“-ence” 集锦:
①exist→existence 存在　　　　　　②differ→difference 区别,差异
③occur→occurrence 发生的事情　　 ④refer→reference 参考,查阅;提及　　
⑤insist→insistence 坚持,坚决要求　 ⑥prefer→preference 偏爱;更喜欢的人/物
⑦persist→persistence 坚持,锲而不舍　 ⑧depend→dependence 依赖,依靠
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)As a new unit started,I asked everyone to write a 　　　　 (persuade) piece on a health-related topic of their choice. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the 　　　　 (base) ideas of Eastern philosophy,according to Tu Ningning,who is in charge of the exhibition. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Crucially,this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the 　　　　 (塑料). 4.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a common 　　　　 (目标). 5.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues,which 　　　　 (ultimate) led her to getting surgery. 6.(2025·北京卷)In my 　　　　 (defend),I did what we’ve all done before,which is to repeat received wisdom without exploring the nuances. 7.(2025·北京卷)Another key theme 　　　　 (involve) finding some kind of positive meaning after stressful events. 8.(2024·浙江1月卷) A similar process is at work in our 　　　　 (respond) to information. 9.(2024·浙江1月卷)　　　　　　　　 (鉴于) doing sports is beneficial to our physical health,let’s take action right now! 10.(2024·北京卷)According to Jim Hart,the “hedgehog concept” is one of the 　　　　(factor) that lead companies to greatness. 11.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Neither won the race,but the 　　　　 (表露) of human kindness won the day. 12.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)So,what are they learning 　　　　 (basic),how to describe a panda’s life. 13.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Our lives in the 21st century are 　　　　 (将……连接成网络).
14.(2023·全国甲卷)...and he becomes part of that crowd in the process by decoding (解读) their messages and adding his own 　　　　 (interpret). 15.(2023·全国甲卷)What we discovered is that it’s unwise to judge what you eat only by its 　　　　 (appear). 16.(2023·全国乙卷)Although my fingers were painful after a few hours’ practice,I 　　　　　　　　 (感到满意) if I could play a music piece completely. 17.(2023·全国乙卷)　　　　 (ideal) a history would bring together texts and objects... 18.(2023·天津3月卷)Just imagine this little man with the huge 　　　　(equip) 　　　　 (balance) on his head. 19.(2023·天津3月卷)When Lisa moved to a new city,she had a hard time 　　　　 (adjust) to her new surroundings. 20.(2023·天津6月卷) Having tried several 　　　　 (adjust) to the design for two months,the engineer eventually succeeded in building a highly efficient system. 21.(2022·新课标Ⅱ卷)We offer scholarships to low-income schools and youth organisations,subject to 　　　　 (available). 22.(2022·新课标 Ⅱ 卷)...public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods 　　　　(persuade) people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel. 23.(2021·天津3月卷)By the end of 2020,Pruitt 　　　　 (repair) more than 140 for donation or to be returned to their owners.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.represent v.代表,表示;描述;象征
①[介绍信] The painting is a vivid 　　　　 (represent) of the artist’s emotions during that period.
②[活动报道] As a student 　　　　,she provided a 　　　　 summary of the group’s opinions at the meeting.(represent)
③[邀请信] 我谨代表我的父母,写信邀请您来我家与我们共度端午节。
I’m writing to invite you,　　　　　　　　　　　　,to my home to celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival with my family.
2.content n.满意,满足;目录;内容 v.(使)满足,(使)满意 adj.满足的,满意的
①[场景描写] At the family reunion,everyone laughed,talked,and ate delicious food 　　　　 their heart’s content,enjoying the warm atmosphere.
②[情感描写] Though she didn’t win first prize,she contented 　　　　 (she) with the progress she’d made through months of practice.
③The textbook’s 　　　　(content) cover a wide range of topics from history to science,making it suitable for students of all grades.
④[情感描写] 　　　　　　　　　　 (快乐而满足地),she flew about 2 metres above the ground,turning her head from side to side as if expressing her gratitude for saving her life to me again.
3.involve v.包含,需要;涉及;使参与
①(2024·浙江1月卷)This simple routine involves 　　　　 (stand) up from your desk,stretching your arms,legs and back,and taking a few deep breaths.
②[感谢信] We’re really excited to have you join us for this event.Your 　　　　 (involve) will surely add to the enjoyment of the event.
③[神态描写] 她的表情混杂着好奇和期待,她的眼睛闪烁着兴奋的光芒。
Her expression 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,her eyes sparking with excitement.
4.inspire v.鼓舞,激励;启发;使产生(感觉或情感)
①(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you 　　　　 (make) the most of each day.
②(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)...but she has proved the opposite wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an 　　　　 (inspire) for many social media users.
③[主旨升华] The 　　　　 story of the disabled athlete not only touched the audience but also left them feeling 　　　　 to face their own challenges bravely.(inspire)
5.persuade v.说服,劝服;使相信,使信服
①With her 　　　　 words,she tried to convince him to go on doing the research.Ultimately he was 　　　　 to accept her 　　　　 to continue with the research,leaving her with a sense of accomplishment.(persuade)
②[建议信] Don’t let yourself be persuaded 　　　　 buying things you don’t really want.
③[心理描写] 我非常紧张,犹豫地敲开了门,试图说服他买我的爆米花。
Having butterflies in my stomach,I hesitantly knocked on the door and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
6.in turn相应地;转而;依次,轮流
①Now that we have finished the design,it is their turn 　　　　 (construct) the building.
②During the group discussion,we spoke 　　　　 turn,ensuring everyone had a chance to share their ideas.
③　　　　 turned out that David’s efforts paid off when he was admitted into his dream university.
④At the meeting they took turns 　　　　(put) forward a number of suggestions,aiming to promote the reform of the education system.
7.die out 消失,绝迹,灭绝
①掌声平息后,她开始演讲。
When the applause 　　　　　　　　,she began her speech.
②[申请信] 我非常渴望得到参加学校篮球俱乐部的宝贵机会。
I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the school basketball club.
8.given that 引导原因状语从句
[教材原句] Given that Neil Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon,we could even say that it is also the most popular sport out of this world!
想想当年尼尔·阿姆斯特朗曾想把足球带上月球,我们甚至可以说它也是地球之外最受欢迎的运动!
①(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) 　　　　 (give) the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives,we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future.
②[邀请信] You can join our weekend hiking trip,　　　　 (provide) that you bring proper shoes and enough water for the journey.
③　　　　 (assume) that the weather remains sunny,our family will have a picnic in the park tomorrow.
④[传统文化] 鉴于您热衷于中国传统节日,我写信向您介绍端午节。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I am writing to introduce the Dragon Boat Festival to you.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] Football ①as we know it today started in Great Britain,②where the game was given new rules.
尝试分析:此句为主从复合句。主句为“　　　　　　”结构。句子的主干是Football started in Great Britain,①是 as引导的　　　　从句,修饰先行词Football;②是where引导的　　　　　　从句,修饰先行词Great Britain。
自主翻译:
情境仿写:我们今天所熟知的指南针最初是在中国发明的,两千多年前中国人用它来指示方向。
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.balance
A.n.平衡　　　　　　　B.n.天平
C.n.余额　　 D.v.(使)保持平衡
①He struggled to balance the heavy books on his head.　　
②It is important to keep the different aspects of your life in balance.　　　
③In the lab,I used a precision balance to measure chemicals,ensuring reactions stayed stable.　　
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
After quickly scanning the detailed table of contents① at the beginning of her biology textbook,Lily couldn’t help but feel content②.The lecture notes provided by her teacher were filled with colour-coded diagrams and summarised key points,their contents③ far exceeding her expectations.
莉莉快速翻阅了生物学教科书前页详细的①　　　　后,不禁感到②　　　　。老师提供的讲义里满是彩色标注的图解和要点总结,其③　　　　之丰富远超她的预期。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)In artists’ 　　　　 (represent) of books and reading,we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time.
2.(2023·全国乙卷)Many of these species are not 　　　　 (ideal) suited to growing outside in the UK,especially in the winter.
3.(2023·天津3月卷) Mik’s job was to carry my 　　　　 (equip) up the mountain,set up the tent (帐篷),and carry everything back down after reaching the peak.
4.I failed to persuade my deskmate 　　　　 (go) with us to participate in the competition.
5.She found herself 　　　　 conflict with her parents over her future career.
6.When she turned around,she saw someone 　　　　(stare) at her with great joy.
7.Most Chinese people like the fairy tale,which dates back 　　　　 the Han Dynasty.
8.But as we’ve reshaped the world around us,dramatically reducing the cost and effort 　　　　 (involve) in obtaining calories,we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 告知信—传统文化—中国武术
假设你是李华,你的新西兰笔友Leah痴迷于中国武术,写信向你咨询。请你根据提示用英语写一封回信。
[场景演练]
1.鉴于你对中国武术充满热情,作为对你要求的回应,我非常荣幸与你分享我所知道的。(given that;response)
2.中国武术,通常被称作功夫,历史可以追溯到2 000多年前的古代中国,是中国传统文化的重要组成部分。(go back to)
3.功夫在全球拥有众多追随者,甚至被看作是中国文化的代表。(representative)
4.功夫的种类繁多,诸如少林和太极。(involve)
5.功夫可以强身健体,缓解学习压力,让人们感到一种平静、自信以及平和。(tension;as well as)
6.鼓舞人心的功夫电影越来越受欢迎。人们惊叹于电影中武术的魅力。(marvel)
7.这种文化遗产深受中国人的喜爱。(popularity)
8.真心希望你能满意我的分享,如有疑问,请随时与我联系。(content)
[句式升级]
1.将第2句用with复合结构进行改写升级。
2.将第6句用定语从句进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
　　要求:请根据P88的线训练,再结合括号中的提示完成句式升级,并续写后续内容,使故事情节更加完整。
On that sunny afternoon,the yard was filled with laughter and joy.①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(独立主格结构),②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (so...that...句型).Their joyful and carefree laughter echoed through the air,as if it could brighten every corner of the neighbourhood.The grandparents sat on the stone benches nearby,③　　　　
　　　 　　 (现在分词作状语),④　　　　　　　　　　　　 (with复合结构).An old grandpa,with a bamboo fan in his hand,fanned himself slowly,⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　 (独立主格结构) as he took in the lively scene.Occasionally,he would laugh out loud,⑥　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (形容词短语作状语).⑦　
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.aspect　　　　n.方面,层面 2.version n.版本;(从不同角度的)说法, 描述 3.incredible adj.难以置信的 4.clap v.拍(手),鼓(掌) 5.edge n.边缘,边 v.徐徐移动 6.overcome v.控制(感情),克服(困难) 7.plot　　　　n.(书、电影、戏剧的)情节 8.transport n.交通运输系统,运输方式 9.brief adj.短暂的;简洁的 10.escape v.(从危险或糟糕的处境中)逃离, 逃避,摆脱;避开,躲避 11.extent n.程度,范围 12.original adj.原先的,最初的;原创的 13.awkward adj.紧张的;不舒适的;尴尬的
阅 读 词 汇 1.opera　　　　n.歌剧,歌剧表演 2.revenge n.报复,报仇 3.prince n.王子 4.string n.(乐器的)弦;细绳 5.exaggerated adj.(声音或动作)夸张的 6.mime n.(演戏等时的)做手势(或其他示意动作) 7.whip n.鞭子 8.backflip n.直体后空翻 9.dazzling adj.令人印象深刻的,特别吸引人的 10.grief n.悲痛 11.ballet　　　　n.芭蕾舞剧,芭蕾舞表演 12.comedy n.喜剧 13.documentary n.纪录片 14.episode n.(电视连续剧或广播连载节目中的)一集 15.cinematic adj.电影的 16.turkey n.(电影或戏剧的)失败之作; 火鸡(肉) 17.storytelling n.讲故事,说书 18.wonderland n.(故事中的)仙境,奇境 19.epic adj.史诗般的;壮丽的,宏大的
拓 展 词 汇 1.movement n.运动,动作→move v.移动,搬动→moving adj.移动的;动人的→moved adj.受感动的 2.female adj.女(性)的,雌(性)的→male adj.男(性)的,雄(性)的 3.technique n.技巧,手法→technical adj.技术的,工艺的→technically adv.技术上,在专业上 →technician n.技术员,技师,技巧精湛者 4.transform v.使改观,使变形,使转化→transformation n.改观,(彻底的)变化,转变 5.universe n.宇宙,天地,万物→universal adj.全世界的,宇宙的;普遍的→universally adv.普遍地;全体地 6.energetic adj.精力充沛的,充满活力的→energetically adv.精力充沛地,充满活力地→energy n.精力,活力;力量;能量 7.emotion n.强烈的情感→emotional adj.情感的;情绪激动的→emotionally adv.感情上;冲动地 8.anger n.愤怒,怒火→angry adj.生气的,愤怒的,狂暴的→angrily adv.生气地,愤怒地 9.combine v.(使)结合,(使)组合→combination n.结合;联合体→combined adj.联合的;结合的;共同的 10.poetry n.诗,诗歌→poet n.诗人→poem n.诗 11.explosive adj.爆炸(式)的,爆发的→explode v.爆炸,爆发;勃然(大怒)→explosion n.爆炸, 爆发
拓 展 词 汇 12.applaud v.(为……)鼓掌;称赞,赞赏→applause n.鼓掌,掌声,喝彩 13.grateful adj.感谢的,感激的→gratitude n.感激,感谢→gratefully adv.感激地,感谢地 14.extremely adv.极度,极其→extreme adj.极度的,极端的 15.absorbed adj.专心致志的→absorb v.吸收;理解→absorption n.吸收;并入;专注→absorbing adj.十分吸引人的;引人入胜的;精彩的 16.romantic adj.浪漫的→romantically adv.浪漫地→romance n.浪漫 17.absolutely adv.完全地,绝对地→absolute adj.完全的,绝对的 18.appealing adj.有吸引力的,有趣的→appeal v.呼吁;上诉;恳求 n.上诉;吸引力;恳求 19.definitely adv.确切地,肯定地→definite adj.确切的,肯定的 20.rude adj.粗鲁的,无礼的→rudely adv.粗鲁地,无礼地→rudeness n.粗鲁,无礼 21.arrangement n.安排,筹划→arrange v.安排;布置,整理 22.disappointed adj.失望的,沮丧的→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappoint v.使失望,使沮丧→disappointment n.失望,沮丧 23.fictional adj.虚构的,编造的,小说(中)的→fiction n.小说;虚构的事;编造 24.behave v.表现→behavio(u)r n.行为;表现;举止 25.normal adj.正常的,平常的→normally adv.正常地,平常地→(反义词)abnormal adj.反常的,异常的 26.responsibility n.责任→responsible adj.有责任心的;有责任;作为原因;成为起因→responsibly adv.明事理地,认真负责地 27.absence n.缺乏,没有→absent adj.缺席的,不在场的;心不在焉的
重 点 词 块 1.be full of confidence 　　充满自信 2.date back to 追溯到;从……开始 3.start with 以……开始 4.get across 解释清楚,传达 5.transform...into... 把……转化成…… 6.on the edge of one’s seat 极为激动 7.combine...with... 把……与……结合,兼具 8.tick all the right boxes 事情发展如人所愿,一切顺利 9.put on 表演(节目),上演;增加;涂抹;穿上,戴上;播放 10.(be) based on　　　以……为基础 11.all too often 时常,经常是 12.result in 导致,造成;结果是 13.escape from 从……逃脱,逃避…… 14.live up to 符合(标准),不负(盛名) 15.to some extent 在某种程度上 16.with...in mind 把……放在心上 17.in one’s own right 凭借自身,靠自己 18.turn to 转向;求助于 19.glued to 把(目光、注意力等)固定在……上
重 点 句 型 1.这是否意味着京剧比莎士比亚的戏剧更好懂呢 (it作形式主语) Does this mean it’s easier than a Shakespeare play to understand 2.那些唱腔听起来非常独特——有的女声音调之高,我觉得都能震碎玻璃了!(so...that...引导结果状语从句) The voices themselves sounded really unique—some of the female voices were so high that I was sure they could break glass! 3.若是这样,那为什么西方最早也是最优秀的叙事文本之一——荷马的《奥德赛》——从来没有产生过同样优秀的改编电影呢 (if so条件状语从句的省略) If so,why has one of the earliest and greatest works in Western storytelling,Homer’s The Odyssey,never had an equally great movie based on it 4.也许有一天,F.斯科特·菲茨杰拉德最杰出作品的读者们,会发现自己已被《了不起的盖茨比》的剧集深深吸引。(find+宾语+宾语 补足语) Perhaps,one day,readers of F.Scott Fitzgerald’s most admired work will find themselves glued to their screens by episodes of The Great Gatsby.
动词变名词的后缀“-ion/-tion” 集锦:
①contribute→contribution 贡献;投稿　　　②attract→attraction 吸引
③satisfy→satisfaction 满意;满足 ④construct→construction 建筑,建造
⑤addict→addiction 入迷;上瘾 ⑥relate→relation 关系
⑦connect→connection 连接,联系 ⑧interact→interaction 互动
⑨intend→intention 打算;意图 ⑩suggest→suggestion 建议,提议
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Moving goods and people around the world is responsible (作为原因;成为起因) for a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放). 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)One evening,I picked up the phone and left him a voice message,apologising for my behavio(u)r (behave) and asking if we could meet. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)It should be noted that none of the items on wastED’s menu was technically (technical) made from garbage. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)随着时间的推移,我发现自己在这里感到极其自在。 Over time,I’ve found myself feeling extremely at home here. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live,thanks to the absence (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky afternoons with lots of fresh air. 6.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an explosion (explode) in the houseplant industry. 7.(2025·北京卷)Comparing yourself with someone who is outperforming you could result in (造成) feelings of envy if you... 8.(2025·北京卷)For many years,psychologists saw identity as a combination (combine) of someone’s values,beliefs,goals and social roles. 9.(2025·北京卷)While raising an adult is a parent’s job,it’s also our responsibility (responsible) as a society to ensure that we support schools that nurture (培养) emotional (emotion) and identity development. 10.(2025·浙江1月卷)Kevin sighed (叹息) and hoped something exciting would happen. Suddenly,a movement (move) outside caught his eye. 11.(2025·浙江1月卷)Compared to traditional garden plots,they increase carbon absorption (absorb),reduce stormwater runoff and boost habitat and biodiversity significantly. 12.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)...but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months.(分析:句中so...that...引导的是结果状语 从句) 13.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)He wrote down his phone number and gave it to me.“Just keep your promise,Sir.” A feeling of gratitude washed over me (一种感激之情涌上我的心头) as I heard his words. 14.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Groups of five or more require special arrangements (arrange) and must be confirmed in advance. 15.(2024·北京卷)These universal (universe) norms far pre-date the concept of any moralising religion or written law. 16.(2024·北京卷)Conflict was often resolved in musical battles.Because arguing angrily (angry) leads to chaos,it was strongly discouraged. 17.(2024·天津3月卷)The organisers had to cancel the outdoor concert due to the sudden thunderstorm,disappointing (disappoint) many eager fans who had been waiting for hours. 18.(2024·天津3月卷)At 23,I applied for my first job and it was not successful.When I received the rejection email,I felt disappointed (disappoint) and angry. 19.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses—absorbed (absorb) in a volume,deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. 20.(2023·全国甲卷)The menu in this beautiful colonial house includes traditional Thai cuisine combined with (与……结合) modern cooking methods. 21.(2023·全国甲卷)He makes philosophical thought an appealing (appeal) exercise that improves the quality of our experiences,and he does so with plenty of humour. 22.(2023·北京卷)I have a good habit of going to bed early and getting up early.Therefore,I can study energetically (energetic) every morning.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.grateful adj.感谢的,感激的
①[感谢信] We hold deep gratitude (grateful) for all contributors,who have shared their lively stories and unique perspectives with us.
②若您能予以善意考虑,我将不胜感激。
I would be grateful if you could give me a kind consideration.
③(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷) 我热泪盈眶,感激地对他说:“我非常感谢你为我做的一切。”
With my eyes brimming with tears,I said to him with gratitude,“I am so grateful to you for what you have done for me.”
2.absorbed adj.专心致志的
①(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) This absorbing (absorb) new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革).
②[动作描写] Absorbed (absorb) in the breathtaking beauty of the sunset over the lake,she stood motionless,forgetting even to breathe for a moment.
③The audience watched the school art performance with complete absorption (absorb),clapping their hands from time to time.
④She was so absorbed in reading the book that she was not conscious of someone coming in.
→So absorbed was she in reading the book that she was not conscious of someone coming in.(倒装句式)
→Absorbing herself in reading the book,she was not conscious of someone coming in.(现在分词短语作状语)
3.appealing adj.有吸引力的,有趣的;恳求的
①[心理描写] This episode of the comedy is absolutely the most appealing (appeal) one I have ever watched and I am on the edge of my seat,unable to control my emotions.
②Sport has become an important form of entertainment,appealing to both men and women.
③The local charity made an appeal to the community for donations in order to help families affected by the flood.
4.arrangement n.安排,筹划
①(2023·浙江1月卷) During China’s dynastic period,emperors planned the city of Beijing and arranged (arrange) the residential areas according to social classes.
②[活动报道] Our class arranged a warm welcome party for the newcomer to our class.
③[告知信] 我想告知你,我和我的同学已经安排好下周六去附近的养老院进行探望。
I’d like to inform you that my classmates and I have arranged to visit the nearby nursing home next Saturday.
5.disappointed adj.失望的,沮丧的
①The teacher was disappointed with the students for not finishing their homework and disappointed at their careless mistakes in the test.
②[情感描写] What disappointed me was not the disappointing result of the match.It was your disappointed look that gave me a strong sense of disappointment.(disappoint)
③令全队失望的是,他们以一分之差输掉了冠军。
To the team’s disappointment,they lost the championship by just one point.
6.absence n.缺乏,没有;缺席,不在
①(2022·新课标Ⅱ卷) Throughout their no-cost stays in strangers’ homes,they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s absence.
②I’m writing to explain the reason why I was absent (absence) from your lecture last time.
③[场景描写] 老师发现他上课时一直盯着窗外,明显心不在焉。
The teacher noticed that he kept staring out the window during class,clearly absent-minded.
④[道歉信] 我写信是为了就我缺席英语俱乐部的活动向你道歉。
I am writing to apologise to you for my absence/being absent from the activity of the English club.
7.get across 解释清楚,传达
①(2020·浙江7月卷) Each play has a theme or central idea which the playwright (剧作家) hopes to get across through dialogue and action.
②We are quite sure that we can get over our present difficulties and make great progress in the new year.
③We can’t get through the group project unless everyone finishes their part on time.
④Learning to share makes it easier for one to get along well with others in work and life.
⑤意识到时间管理的重要性,我决定开始一步步改进自己的学习习惯。
Realising the importance of time management,I decided to get down to improving my study habits step by step.
8.“find+宾语+宾语补足语”表示“发现……处于某种状态”
[教材原句] Perhaps,one day,readers of F.Scott Fitzgerald’s most admired work will find themselves glued to their screens by episodes of The Great Gatsby.
也许有一天,F.斯科特·菲茨杰拉德最杰出作品的读者们,会发现自己已被《了不起的盖茨比》的剧集深深吸引。
①[动作描写] Once out of the station,they were happy to find their mother standing there (他们很高兴地发现妈妈正站在那里),waiting for them.
②[求助信] The students in my class find it hard to memorise English words (发现记英语单词很难).Could you offer us some practical advice
③[主旨升华] A warm smile from a stranger brightened my day,and I found myself filled with a sense of gratitude (我发现自己充满了感激之情) for the small acts of kindness that can make a significant difference.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] At first,I thought ①what I heard was a violin,but later I learnt ②that it was an instrument with two strings ③called jinghu.
尝试分析:此句为but连接的并列复合句。前一个分句主干为“状+主+谓+宾”结构,其中①是省略that的宾语从句,充当thought的宾语;在该从句中what I heard为主语从句,充当整个从句的主语;后一个分句主干为“状+主+谓+宾”结构,其中②是that引导的宾语从句,作learnt的宾语,③是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰an instrument。
自主翻译:起初,我以为我听到的是小提琴的声音,不过后来我才了解到那是一种有两根弦的乐器,叫作京胡。
情境仿写:起初,我认为最让我高兴的是令人满意的结果,但后来我发现是我们一起度过的令人难以忘怀的时光。
At first,I thought what delighted me most was the satisfying result,but later I found that it was the unforgettable time we spent together.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.put on
A.穿上,戴上　　B.涂抹　　C.上演 D.播放 E.增加
①Toothpaste is a thick substance which you put on your toothbrush and use to clean your teeth.
　B　
②My dad and I put on our new cowboy hats,got on our horses,and headed slowly towards the mountains.　A　
③Her balanced diet became a success and she didn’t put on more weight.　E　
④The radio station always puts on cheerful songs in the morning.　D　
⑤In response to the audience’s great demands,the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week.
　C　
2.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)It was an awkward moment.I didn’t want Toby to be running around in the house,and my brother wasn’t happy with driving home with a wet dog.adj.尴尬的
②(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content,explaining there’s no reason others can’t look this good.She said it was all down to some key aspects.n.方面,层面
③(2025·浙江1月卷)Being clear and brief—while maintaining interest and including everything your listeners need to know—is a high-level communication skill.adj.简洁的
④(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Some are classic short stories,and some are new original works.adj.原创的
⑤(2024·浙江1月卷)As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day.n.(从不同角度的)说法,描述
⑥(2024·浙江1月卷)However,while some of her classmates edged ahead,others actually fell behind.v.徐徐移动
⑦(2022·全国乙卷)For them,there’s something highly exciting about escaping someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.v.避开,躲避
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·北京卷)Social comparisons do,of course,often get us into emotional (emotion) trouble.
2.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)When I got back home,suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as appealing (appeal).
3.(2024·北京卷)At 1:10,there was a line outside the drama room.Everyone looked energetic (energy).
4.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)There,you’ll find them prepared (prepare) differently—more dumpling and less soup—and the wrappers are pressed by hand rather than rolled.
5.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)With the right combination (combine) of animals and plants,he figured,
maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did.
6.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Taking responsibility (responsible) for mistakes is a positive step,but don’t beat yourself up about them.
7.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans,
but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely (extreme) important for human well-being.
8.(2023·北京卷)They may apply universally (universal) to all acts of evolution.
9.Dalian is such an attractive place that lots of tourists visit it every year.
10.I ask them to behave themselves (they) even though I am not available at home.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 邀请信—学校生活—校园戏剧节
假设你是某中学学生会主席李华,你校将举办校园戏剧节,请你给外教Charles发一封电子邮件,邀请他前来观看戏剧,体验中国文化。内容主要包括:
1.时间:本周五上午 8:00—12:00,下午 2:00—5:00;
2.地点:学校礼堂;
3.剧目:《大闹天宫》《空城计》等 8 个剧目。
参考词汇:校园戏剧节 Campus Drama Festival;《大闹天宫》Havoc in Heaven;《空城计》The Empty City Strategy
[场景演练]
1.我是学校学生会主席李华。我写信邀请您参加我们的校园戏剧节。(attend)
I’m Li Hua,chairman of the Student Union of our school.I’m writing to invite you to attend our Campus Drama Festival.
2.它定于本周五在学校礼堂举行,持续一整天。(be scheduled to do)
It is scheduled to be held on this Friday at the school hall and will last a whole day.
3.有八部戏剧于上午8点至12点和下午2点至5点上演。它们由学生执导和表演。(put on)
Eight plays will be put on from 8 to 12 am and 2 to 5 pm.They are directed and performed by the students.
4.一些中国传统剧目,如《大闹天宫》和《空城计》也被包含在节目中。您会发现自己被它们引人入胜的情节所吸引。(dazzling plot;find oneself glued to)
Some traditional Chinese plays,such as Havoc in Heaven and The Empty City Strategy will be included in the programme.You will find yourself glued to their dazzling plots.
5.因此,您不仅可以欣赏学生的才华,还可以领略中国文化。(not only...but also...)
Therefore,you will not only be able to enjoy the talents of the students,but also have a taste of Chinese culture.
6.我衷心希望您能接受邀请,我相信您会玩得很开心。(have fun)
I sincerely hope that you will accept the invitation and I’m sure that you will have great fun.
7.我期待着您的来信。(look forward to;hear from)
I’m looking forward to hearing from you.
[句式升级]
1.将第3句用非谓语动词进行改写升级。
Eight plays directed and performed by the students will be put on from 8 to 12 am and 2 to 5 pm.
2.将第4句用定语从句进行改写升级。
Some traditional Chinese plays,such as Havoc in Heaven and The Empty City Strategy will be included in the programme,whose dazzling plots you will find yourself glued to.
3.将第5句用倒装句进行改写升级。
Therefore,not only will you be able to enjoy the talents of the students,but you will also have a taste of Chinese culture.
[连句成篇]
Dear Charles,
I’m Li Hua,chairman of the Student Union of our school.I’m writing to invite you to attend our Campus Drama Festival.It is scheduled to be held on this Friday at the school hall and will last a whole day.Eight plays directed and performed by the students will be put on from 8 to 12 am and 2 to 5 pm.Some traditional Chinese plays,such as Havoc in Heaven and The Empty City Strategy will be included in the programme,whose dazzling plots you will find yourself glued to.Therefore,not only will you be able to enjoy the talents of the students,but you will also have a taste of Chinese culture.
I sincerely hope that you will accept the invitation and I’m sure that you will have great fun.I’m looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
cry 哭泣 howl 哭嚎 sob 抽泣 choke 哽咽 weep 流泪,哭泣 misty 泪眼模糊的 watery 眼泪汪汪的 哭 have a lump in one’s throat 哽咽 hold back one’s tears 强忍住泪水 be blurred with tears 泪眼模糊 burst into tears 突然放声大哭 eyes turn red from crying 眼睛哭得通红 tears well up in one’s eyes 热泪盈眶 tears stream down one’s cheeks 泪水从脸颊滑落
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.harvest　　　　n.收成,收获 v.收割,收获 2.vote v.投票,表决 n.选票,投票 3.novel n.(长篇)小说 adj.新颖的 4.literature n.文学,文学作品 5.envelope n.信封 6.roof n.(建筑物、汽车、帐篷等的)顶,顶部 7.request　　　　n.& v.请求,要求 8.wave v.挥手,招手 n.波浪,海浪 9.eve n.前夕,前一天 10.adult n.成人,成年人 11.process n.(为达到某目标的)过程,进程 v.加工;审核,处理 12.citizen n.公民,市民 13.audience n.听众,观众
阅 读 词 汇 1.dragon　　　　n.龙 2.lunar adj.月球的 3.handwritten adj.手写的 4.fancy adj.花哨的,别致的;奢华的 5.guy n.(尤指青年)男子,小伙子 6.lantern n.灯笼 7.dessert n.(饭后的)甜食,甜品,甜点 8.firework n.烟火,烟花 9.riddle　 n.谜,谜语 10.host　　　　　n.东道主,主人 vt.主办,主持(活动) 11.embrace v.欣然接受,乐意采纳(新思想、意见等);拥抱 12.software n.(计算机)软件 13.token n.象征,标志 14.overseas adv.在海外,在外国 15.phenomenon n.现象
拓 展 词 汇 1.honour v.向……表示敬意n.荣誉;尊敬;荣幸;[pl.]优异成绩→honoured adj.受尊敬的;感到荣幸的→honourable adj.(人)值得尊敬的;(行为)光荣的,体面的 2.poet n.诗人→poem n.诗→poetry n.(总称)诗,诗歌 3.decoration n.装饰物→decorate v.装饰,布置,美化 4.freedom n.自由,自由权利→free adj.自由的→freely adv.自由地,随意地 5.participate v.参加,参与→participation n.参加,参与→participant n.参加者,参与者 6.regardless adv.不管,不顾→regard v.认为,看作→regarding prep.关于,至于 7.inequality n.(社会上的)不平等→(反义词) equality n.平等;同等→equal adj.相等的,平等的→equally adv.相等地,同样地 8.fantasy n.幻想,想象→fantastic adj.极好的;富于想象的 9.limitless adj.无限的→(反义词) limited adj.有限的→limit v.限制,限定→limitation n.限制;控制;(能力的)局限 10.pole n.(行星的)地极,(尤指地球的)北极或南极→polar adj.极地的 11.regular adj.频繁的,经常的;有规律的;普通的 n.常客→regularly adv.定期地,有规律地;频繁地→(反义词) irregular adj.不规则的,无规律的 12.complain v.抱怨,不满,发牢骚→complaint n.投诉;抱怨,埋怨 13.warning n.警告,警示,告诫→warn v.警告,告诫,提醒注意(可能发生的事) 14.starving adj.挨饿的,即将饿死的→starve v.挨饿,受饿→starvation n.挨饿,饥饿
拓 展 词 汇 15.indicate v.表明,显示→indication n.指示,表明,象征 16.attract v.吸引,引起……的兴趣 →attraction n.吸引;吸引人的事物→attractive adj.吸引人的,有吸引力的 petition n.比赛,竞赛→compete v.竞争;参加(竞赛或比赛)→competitive adj.竞争的;有竞争力的;一心求胜的→competitor n.竞争者,对手 18.formal adj.正式的→(反义词) informal adj.(言辞/行为/场合/衣服)非正式的→formally adv.正式地→informally adv.非正式地;不拘礼节地;通俗地 19.occasion n.场合,时刻→occasional adj.偶尔的→occasionally adv.偶尔地 20.editor n.(报纸、杂志的)主编,编辑→edit v.编辑,剪辑→edition n.版,版本 21.admit v.(不情愿地)承认→admitted adj.公认的;被承认了的→admission n.承认;进入许可;(公园、博物馆等地的)入场费;录取,录用 22.effort n.力气,精力,努力→effortless adj.不费力的,容易的→effortlessly adv.轻松地;毫不费劲地 23.loss n.失去,丧失,损失→lose v.失去,丢失 24.retired adj.退休的→retire v.退休;退役;(陪审团)退庭→retirement n.退休,退职 25.exist v.存在,实际上有→existence n.生存,存在→existing adj.现存的,现行的 26.global adj.全球的,全世界的;整体的,全面的→globally adv.全球地→globe n.全球;地球仪 27.nationality n.国籍;民族→national adj.全国的;民族的→nationally adv.全国性地→nation n.国家;民族;国民 28.interact v.互动→interaction n.相互作用,相互影响;交流→interactive adj.互动的,交互的 29.joy n.欢欣,愉快,喜悦→joyful adj.愉快的,喜悦的→joyfully adv.高兴地,愉快地
重 点 词 块 1.take place 　　　　　发生;举行 2.in memory of 为纪念 3.add to 增加 4.get together 聚在一起;聚会 5.regardless of 不管,不顾,不理会 6.keep...alive 保持……生机/活力 7.as long as 只要;与……一样长 8.regard...as... 把……视作…… 9.complain about 抱怨 10.instead of 代替;而不是 11.as well as　　　　　　既……又……;除……之外(也);此外 12.be keen on 热衷于;喜爱,喜欢 13.eat out 外出就餐 14.no less than 多达;不少于 15.have nothing to do with 与……无关 16.sit around 闲坐 17.clean up 清理 18.wrap up 包裹;总结,结束
重 点 句 型 1.每年的4月27日是南非的自由日,以庆祝1994年南非第一次全民参与的选举。在那次选举中,不分肤色,人人都可以投票。(“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句) Freedom Day is held every year on 27 April to celebrate South Africa’s first fully-participated elections in 1994,in which everyone was allowed to vote regardless of skin colour. 2.不过,随着托尔金的孩子们渐渐长大,信的内容确实发生了一些变化……(do强调谓语动词) The letters did,however,change as Tolkien’s children got older... 3.会是谁寄过来的呢 孩子们打开时一定非常兴奋。(情态动词+have done表推测) Who could it be from The children must have been very excited as they opened it. 4.在我看来,除夕夜我们吃什么、在哪里吃,真的不重要。(主语从句) In my opinion,what or where we eat on Spring Festival Eve really doesn’t matter. 5.这不仅因为可以吃到平时难以吃到的美食,而且全家人能有机会团聚在一起。(强调句型) It was not only for the delicious food that we seldom got to eat,but for the opportunity to have our whole family gathered together. 6.那时我会在家里跑来跑去,听大人们闲聊他们这一年的情况。(现在分词短语作伴随状语) I would run around the house,listening to the adults chatting about their year.
动词变名词的后缀“-ance” 集锦:
①guide→guidance 指导,指引　　　　　　②appear→appearance 露面;外表
③assist→assistance 帮助,援助 ④perform→performance 演出;表现
⑤attend→attendance 出席;上学 ⑥resist→resistance 抵抗,反对
⑦allow→allowance 许可;津贴 ⑧annoy→annoyance 烦恼;使人烦恼的事
⑨tolerate→tolerance 忍受,容忍 ⑩endure→endurance 忍耐力,耐久性
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are—but what they do know has raised concerns.(分析:do强调谓语动词know) 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Batteries are energy-efficient and electric cars can plug into existing (exist) systems and services. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding (regard) food waste. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Through this interaction (interact),I realised that by embracing my cultural identity,I was not only preserving my heritage but also enriching the lives of those around me. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Flowers are everywhere—hanging baskets,window boxes,and planters—just what you imagine in an attractive (attract) English market town. 6.(2025·北京卷)Then,in the 1980s,Bob Johnson created the life story model of identity,in which he proposes that (在这个模型中他提出),as we go through life,these core features are built in with our memories... 7.(2025·浙江1月卷)The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom (free)... 8.(2025·浙江1月卷)Mrs.Green hugged Kevin,thanking him for his bravery (感谢他的勇敢). 9.(2025·浙江1月卷)“Stop right there! You must leave right now!” he called out,holding the branch with both hands (双手握住树枝). 10.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)But equally (equal) important is the mental aspect. 11.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)When I was a teenager,a neighbourhood friend won a marathon race.Feeling motivated,I started running regularly (regular)... 12.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Inspired by the fantastic (fantasy) scenery,I decided to create a watercolour painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond. 13.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)If he seems a little defensive,it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally (occasional) laugh at his unusual methods. 14.(2024·北京卷)When I was a little girl,I liked drawing,freely (free) and joyously making marks on the walls at home. 15.(2024·浙江1月卷)The chief complaint (complain) about online courses is that they lack human interaction. 16.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Her delay came because she was carrying a competitor (compete) across the finish line. 17.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)It’s been an honour (荣幸) to watch the panda programme develop and to see the pandas settle into their new home. 18.(2023·全国甲卷)However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty warning (warn) about environmental destruction. 19.(2023·全国乙卷)She led the competition (compete) from beginning to end. 20.(2023·北京卷)Nina has run marathons in 32 countries.All of her runs have a guiding purpose:to call attention to global (globe) water issues. 21.(2023·北京卷)It’s a joyful (joy) and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college. 22.(2023·天津6月卷)Not only can I teach participants (participate) how to make dumplings,but also let them fall in love with Chinese cuisine. 23.(2022·北京卷)For instance,we must exercise daily regardless of (不管)our age and working style. 24.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Oranges: Orange trees are more than decoration (decorate);they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.honour v.向……表示敬意;尊敬 n.尊敬;荣誉;荣幸
①[演讲稿] I feel honoured to be invited (invite) to give you a lecture on how to improve English reading ability.
②[传统节日] The Dragon Boat Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth month of the Chinese lunar calendar and is observed in honour of (为纪念)Qu Yuan,a famous ancient poet.
③[演讲稿] 能有这次宝贵的机会在这里发表演讲,我感到非常荣幸。
→It is a great honour for me/my great honour to have the precious opportunity to deliver a speech here.(it作形式主语)
→I feel it a great honour to have the precious opportunity to deliver a speech here.(it作形式宾语)
→I am/feel greatly honoured to have the precious opportunity to deliver a speech here.(honoured)
2.regard v.认为,看作 n.尊敬;问候,致意
①[发言稿] We should regard it as our duty to help the disabled.An ideal society should be filled with love and kindness.
②Everyone benefits from exercising regularly,regardless of age,sex or physical ability.
③[中国文化] Calligraphy is regarded as (被视为) an important part of traditional Chinese art.
④[活动报道] 关于即将到来的元宵节,我们班正忙着用手工制作的龙灯来装饰教室。
In/With regard to/As regards the upcoming Lantern Festival,our class are busying decorating the classroom with handmade dragon lanterns.
3.request n.& v.请求,要求
①The headmaster requested us to behave (behave) ourselves well at school and he also requested that we (should) make (make) full preparations for the coming examination.
②At the request of the teachers and students,the school decided to buy one thousand new books for the library.
③The teacher made a request for parents to attend the upcoming parent-teacher conference to discuss students’ progress.
④[通知] Those who would like to go are requested (request) to sign up at the office before 5:00 pm next Friday.
4.attract v.吸引,引起……的兴趣;引起注意
①Attracted (attract) by the beauty of nature,the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.
②[介绍信] The ancient castle on the hill is the main attraction (attract) of this small town,drawing thousands of visitors every year.
③[景点介绍] 北京有许多旅游胜地。最吸引我的是长城,它对于许多外国人来说也很有吸引力。越来越多的外国人被它的宏伟所吸引而来到中国。
There are many tourist attractions in Beijing.What attracts me most is the Great Wall,which is also attractive to many foreigners.More and more foreigners are attracted by its magnificence and come to China.
5.competition n.比赛,竞赛
①(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) You’ll compete with/against fewer tourists,save money,experience a different side of a popular place,and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower.
②(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) On Oct.11,hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota.
③Athletes from around the world train hard to compete for gold medals at the Olympic Games,bringing honour to their nations.
④The competitive athlete thought about honour and glory when competing with other competitors for a medal in the competition.(compete)
6.admit v.(不情愿地)承认;接纳;准许……进入;容纳
①News came from the school office that Wang Lin had been admitted to/into Peking University.
②[申请信] Extremely passionate about doing volunteer work,I’m writing with great expectation to apply for admission (admit) to the organisation.
③[通知] As for the admission fee,according to the regulations of the museum,children under 12 accompanied by an adult are admitted free.(admit)
④[邀请信] 得知我校乒乓球队正在招收新队员,我迫不及待地想邀请你加入球队。
Learning that our school table tennis team is admitting new members,I can hardly wait to invite you to join it.
7.现在分词(短语)作伴随状语
[教材原句] I would run around the house,listening to the adults chatting about their year.
那时我会在家里跑来跑去,听大人们闲聊他们这一年的情况。
①[场景描写] 她面带微笑地穿过校园,向沿途遇到的每一位老师问好。
She walked through the campus with a smile,greeting every teacher she met along the way.
②[动作描写] 孩子们有说有笑,一个接一个地走进教室。
Talking and laughing,the children walked into the classroom one by one.
③[动作描写] 他们在那儿站了半小时,看着天上的星星。
They stood there for half an hour,watching the stars in the sky.
①现在分词(短语)作伴随状语,表示伴随情况,所代表的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,且与句子的主语之间是主动关系。现在分词(短语)除在句中作状语外,还可以作表语、定语、宾语补足语等;现在分词(短语)作状语除了表示伴随以外,还可表示时间、条件、原因、让步、结果和方式等。
②动词不定式作结果状语时常表示意想不到的结果;而现在分词(短语)作结果状语时,常表示自然而然的结果。
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] Interestingly,the letters did not contain the usual warnings to children ①that they might notreceive their presents ②if they were not good.
尝试分析:此句为主从复合句。主句是the letters did not contain the usual warnings to children,为“主谓宾”结构;①是that引导的同位语从句; ②是if引导的条件状语从句;句首的interestingly是副词作状语,修饰后面整个句子。
自主翻译:值得关注的是,信里并没有那些常见的对孩子的警告,比如表现不好就可能得不到礼物之类的话。
情境仿写:幸运的是,我们的老师经常给同学们分享这种鼓舞人心的寄语,比如我们互相支持、彼此帮助就能取得巨大进步。
Fortunately,our teachers often share the inspiring messages with classmates that we can make great progress if we support and help each other.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.host
A.v.主办　　　　　　　B. n.主人 C.n.许多;大量 D.v.主持
①(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)My wife and I wanted to share our new home with family and friends by hosting a small gathering in the early summer.　A　
②(2023·浙江1月卷)During the cookout,I told my hosts about the hummingbird incident.They promised to fix the window.　B　
③(2022·新课标Ⅰ卷)Giant pandas also serve as an umbrella species (物种),bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China.　C　
④(2020·新课标Ⅱ卷)While running every aspect of our own news station,kids and their fellow campers will create and host a broadcast airing each night at dinner for the entire camp.　D　
2.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·浙江1月卷)A novel design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide.adj.新颖的
②(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)What does Campbell urge people to do regarding AI development prep.关于
③(2024·浙江1月卷)He was in the cast of “Tom Sawyer” when it was first performed and is a Children’s Theatre regular,with five shows to his credit.n.常客
④(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Somehow,these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error.adj.整体的,全面的
⑤(2023·全国乙卷)She had to say goodbye to her two dogs and to the beach,where she loved to ride waves on her board.n.波浪,海浪
⑥(2022·新课标Ⅰ卷)David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children,but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid.adj.普通的
⑦(2022·新课标Ⅱ卷)Once the registration form is received and processed,we will send a confirmation email within two business days.v.审核,处理
⑧(2020·新课标Ⅰ卷)Through it all,she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honours.n.优异成绩
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)These data are also biased towards certain species with attractive (attract) or eye-catching features.
2.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally (occasion) make salads for their entire schools.
3.(2023·浙江1月卷)Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and simpler in design and decoration (decorate),and the hutongs were narrower.
4.(2022·新课标Ⅱ卷)We offer scholarships to low-income schools and youth organisations,subject to availability.Participation (participate) in a post-visit survey is required.
5.(2022·全国乙卷)Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally (equal) contact (联系) and share with one another.
6.I’d like to make a complaint about the noise.
7.Our school requested us to attend (attend) the lecture on time.
8.You will not be admitted to/into the theatre after the performance has started.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 告知信—传统节日—端午节
　　假设你是李华,你的加拿大朋友Eric对中国的端午节比较感兴趣,请你写一封回信,简单向其介绍端午节的来源、习俗和历史。
[场景演练]
1.很高兴得知你如此热衷于我们国家的端午节,我非常荣幸地与你分享我所知道的所有知识。(honour;festival)
More than delighted to know you are greatly keen on the Dragon Boat Festival of our country,I am extremely honoured to share with you all the knowledge I know.
2.被视为在中国庆祝的最重要的传统节日之一,端午节是在农历的五月初五。(regard...as;lunar)
Regarded as one of the most important traditional festivals celebrated in China,the Dragon Boat Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month.
3.这个节日对中国人而言如此重要,家家户户都会庆祝这特殊的时刻。(occasion)
The festival is so vital to Chinese people that every family celebrates this special occasion.
4.传说端午节的起源是为了纪念古代爱国诗人屈原。(poet)
Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is in memory of Qu Yuan,an ancient patriotic poet.
5.以吃用竹叶或芦苇叶包裹成金字塔形的粽子和赛龙舟为特征,这个节日延续了数千年。(exist;wrap)
The festival has existed for thousands of years,marked by eating zongzi,wrapped to form a shape of pyramids using bamboo or reed leaves,and by racing dragon boats.
6.中国的传统节日是中国文化的重要组成部分,举国上下热烈、欢欣庆祝。这些节日在中国人心中有着重要的意义。(joy)
Traditional Chinese festivals are an important part of Chinese culture and are celebrated with much enthusiasm and joy throughout the country.These festivals hold great meaning in the hearts of the Chinese people.
7.希望这信息对你有很大帮助,如有任何疑问,请随时联系我。(in case of)
Hopefully,the information can be of great help to you.Please don’t hesitate to contact me in case of any question.
[句式升级]
1.将第3句用倒装句进行改写升级。
So vital is the festival to Chinese people that every family celebrates this special occasion.
2.将第6句用现在分词短语作状语进行改写升级。
Traditional Chinese festivals are an important part of Chinese culture and are celebrated with much enthusiasm and joy throughout the country,holding great meaning in the hearts of the Chinese people.
[连句成篇]
Dear Eric,
　　More than delighted to know you are greatly keen on the Dragon Boat Festival of our country,I am extremely honoured to share with you all the knowledge I know.
　　Regarded as one of the most important traditional festivals celebrated in China,the Dragon Boat Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month.So vital is the festival to Chinese people that every family celebrates this special occasion.Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is in memory of Qu Yuan,an ancient patriotic poet.The festival has existed for thousands of years,marked by eating zongzi,wrapped to form a shape of pyramids using bamboo or reed leaves,and by racing dragon boats.Traditional Chinese festivals are an important part of Chinese culture and are celebrated with much enthusiasm and joy throughout the country,holding great meaning in the hearts of the Chinese people.
　　Hopefully,the information can be of great help to you.Please don’t hesitate to contact me in case of any question.
Yours,
Li Hua
在那个阳光明媚的午后,院子里弥漫着欢声笑语。一群孩子在院子里追逐嬉笑着,他们的快乐如此纯粹。他们中的有些人不慎摔倒时,非但没有哭泣,反而高兴地大笑起来。他们欢快而无忧无虑的笑声在空气中回荡,仿佛能照亮社区的每一个角落。祖父母们坐在旁边的石凳上看着孩子们。他们面带微笑。一位老爷爷手里拿着一把竹扇,慢慢地扇着风。看到这热闹的场景,他的眼睛因喜悦而闪烁着。偶尔,他会放声大笑,那笑声里充满了对生活的热爱和对未来的期许。
On that sunny afternoon,①the yard was filled with laughter and joy.
A group of kids ②were chasing and giggling in the yard,and their happiness was so pure.
When some of them accidentally fell down,instead of crying,they ③burst into laughter happily.
④Their joyful and carefree laughter echoed through the air,as if it could brighten every corner of the neighbourhood.
The grandparents sat on the stone benches nearby and watched the kids.⑤They wore smiles on their faces.
An old grandpa,with a bamboo fan in his hand,fanned himself slowly.⑥His eyes sparked with delight as he took in the lively scene.
Occasionally,⑦he would laugh out loud,and his laughter was full of love for life and expectations for the future.
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.dare　　　　　 modal verb 胆敢,敢于 2.wedding n.婚礼 3.sort n.种,类 v.把……分类 4.super adj.极好的,了不起的 5.gather v.聚集,收集,集合 6.bite n.咬;(咬下的)一口 v.咬 7.someday adv.将来会有一天,有朝一日 8.opinion n.意见,看法 9.download v.下载(信息或程序) 10.diet 　　　n.日常饮食 11.tip n.指点,建议;小费 12.custom n.风俗,习惯,传统 13.manners n.礼貌,礼仪 14.plate n.盘,碟 15.attack v.& n.侵袭,侵蚀;攻击,进攻 16.within prep.在……里 17.lifestyle n.生活方式 18.blog v.写博客 n.博客,网络日志
阅 读 词 汇 1.maple　　　 　n.枫树,槭树 2.pudding n.布丁;甜点 3.snack n.(正餐以外的)小吃,点心;快餐 4.cuisine n.烹饪(法);菜肴 5.spicy adj.(食物)加有香料的,辛辣的 6.butcher n.肉贩,屠夫 7.bacon n.(通常切成薄片的)咸猪肉,熏猪肉 8.sausage n.香肠 9.toast n.烤面包(片),吐司 10.butter n.黄油,牛油 11.roast n.大块烤肉 adj.烤好的,烤制的 12.stinky adj.难闻的,有臭味的 13.tofu n.豆腐 14.cheese n.干酪,奶酪 15.oolong n.乌龙茶 16.china　　　　n.瓷,瓷料,瓷器 17.tender adj.嫩的,软的(尤指烹饪恰到好处) 18.steak n.牛排 19.sauce n.调味汁,酱汁 20.pizzeria n.比萨饼餐厅 21.vegetarian adj.(全是)蔬菜的,没有肉类的 22.cheesecake n.干酪蛋糕 23.acid n.酸 24.yoghurt n.酸乳,酸奶 25.swing v.(使)(前后)摆动,(使)摇摆 26.honey n.蜂蜜 27.homemade adj.自制的,家里做的 28.chef n.厨师 29.recipe n.烹饪法,食谱 30.sour adj.酸(味)的 31.breast n.(禽类的)胸脯肉;胸部 32.onion n.洋葱(头)
拓 展 词 汇 1.marriage n.婚姻→marry v.结婚;娶;嫁→married adj.已婚的,有配偶的 2.typical adj.典型的,有代表性的→typically adv.典型地,具有代表性地;通常,一般→type n.类型 v.打字 3.suffer v.(身体或精神上)受苦→suffering n.痛苦;苦难→sufferer n.受难者;患者 4.horrible adj.糟糕的→horribly adv.可怕地;非常地→horror n.恐怖 5.poison n.毒素,毒物,毒药v.毒害;使中毒→poisonous adj.有毒的 6.symbol n.象征,标志→symbolic adj.象征的,象征性的→symbolise v.象征,是……的象征;代表 7.function n.(事物的)功能;作用 vi.起作用;工作;运转→functional adj.实用的;功能的;运转的 8.related adj.有关系的,相关的→relate v.与……有关,使有联系;叙述→relation n.关系→relationship n.关系→relative adj.比较的;相比之下存在(或有)的 n.亲戚 9.addict n.对……着迷的人→addicted adj.入迷的;上瘾的→addiction n.入迷;嗜好→addictive adj.使人入迷的 10.trick n.诀窍,技巧,技法→tricky adj.棘手的;狡猾的 11.differ v.不同,不一样,有区别→different adj.不同的;与众不同的→differently adv.不同地→difference n.不同,差异 12.slightly adv.略微,稍微→slight adj.略微的,轻微的 13.incredibly adv.极端地,非常地;难以置信地→incredible adj.难以置信的;不可思议的;极好的;极大的 14.bitter adj.苦的,有苦味的;痛苦的→bitterly adv.伤心地;愤怒地;极其;非常→bitterness n.苦味;苦难 15.bakery n.面包店,糕饼店→bake v.烘,烤,焙→baker n.面包师,糕点师 16.creamy adj.似奶油的,软厚平滑的,光滑细软的→cream n.奶油,乳脂 17.recommend v.推荐→recommendation n.推荐(信),介绍 18.belong v.属于→belonging n.归属→belongings n.所有物;财产;财物 19.construction n.建造,建筑→constructive adj.建设性的;积极的;有助益的→ construct vt.建造,建筑→reconstruct v.重建,再建→reconstruction n.重建;改造 20.satisfying adj.令人高兴的,令人满意的→satisfy v.使满意,使满足→satisfied adj.满意的,满足的→satisfaction n.满意,满足 21.convenient adj.方便的,便利的→(反义词)inconvenient adj.不方便的→inconvenience n.不方便→conveniently adv.方便地,便利地→convenience n.方便,便利 22.identify v.确定,发现→identification n.鉴定;确定;身份证明(缩写ID);识别→identity n.身份 23.originally adv.原先,最初→original adj.原始的,最初的 n.原件,原作→origin n.起源,源头→originate v.发源,起源;发端于 24.ranking n.排行,排名→rank v.排列,把……分等级n.等级;地位,级别 25.official n.官员,高级职员 adj.官方的,正式的→officially adv.官方地,正式地 26.salty adj.含盐的,咸的→salt n.盐 27.resist v.忍住,按捺→resistance n.抵制;反对;抗拒→resistant adj.有抵抗力的,抵制的,反抗的 28.adapt v.(使)适应,(使)适合→adaptation n.适应;改编→adaptable adj.有适应能力的;能适应的
重 点 词 块 1.thanks to　　　　　多亏,由于 2.be shocked at... 对……感到震惊 3.take to 喜欢上,习惯于;开始定期做 4.suffer from 遭受 5.according to 据……所说;按照,根据 6.come across 偶然遇到,偶然发现 7.remind...of... 提醒……,使……想起…… 8.fall in love with 爱上,喜欢上 9.feel at home with 对……感到舒适自在 10.pick up 买,购买 11.in case　　　　以防万一 12.differ in 在……方面不同 13.belong to 属于 14.end up (尤指经历一系列意外后)最终处于,到头来 15.catch up 打听(不在时所发生的事情), 别后叙谈 16.bring up 养育,抚养;提起(某个话题); 呕吐 17.try out 试用,试验
重 点 句 型 1.对我来说,用英式饼干搭配盛在细瓷杯中的中国乌龙茶——没有什么比这样一次跨文化的下午茶更棒的了!(“否定词+比较级”表最高级含义) To me,there’s nothing better than a cross-cultural afternoon tea of English biscuits and a cup of Chinese oolong tea in a fine china cup! 2.作为医生,我知道我最好改变这种饮食方式,但我现在完全没有时间和精力。(the way作先行词的定语从句) As a doctor,I know I had better change the way I eat,but I just don’t have the time or the energy right now. 3.一起做饭给了我们放松的机会,也让我们有机会聊聊彼此日常的情况。(动名词作主语) Cooking together gives us a chance to relax and catch up on each other’s days.
动词变名词的后缀“-al”集锦:
①renew→renewal 重新开始　　 　　②remove→removal 免职;移动　　　③arrive→arrival 到达,抵达
④approve→approval 批准,认可;赞成　 ⑤survive→survival 幸存,存活　 ⑥refuse→refusal 拒绝,回绝
⑦propose→proposal 建议,提议　 ⑧deny→denial 否认,否定　 ⑨dispose→disposal处理,处置
⑩withdraw→withdrawal 取款;撤退;收回
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Moving(move)goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放). 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Clearly,he was unhappy over the way we had parted(我们分开的方式).After all,I had left him little choice. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)I sit in my apartment today,loving each of the belongings (belong) that share our small space. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy,according to (据……所说) Tu Ningning,who is in charge of the exhibition. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)However,I soon found that by doing so,I might be losing something more important: the opportunity to share a small part of my cultural identity (identify). 6.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)It’s also home to an ancient library.One of the four original (origin) copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there. 7.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Autumn represents harvest and maturity,while rain symbolises (symbol) nourishment and growth. 8.(2025·北京卷)When was the last time you took on a tough choice Maybe this morning you debated whether to get up or stay in bed slightly (slight) longer. 9.(2025·浙江1月卷)Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction (addict).It’s cooking.A few months ago,the 30-year-old teacher decided it was time to put her hobby to good use. 10.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective functional (function) structure that is also beautiful.
11.(2024·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)...but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering (suffer) so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. 12.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The answers to both questions are often “no”.The reasons relate to a variety of factors(与多种因素有关),including reduced concentration,an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content. 13.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)I told him that thanks to his generosity and timely help (多亏了他的慷慨和及时的帮助),everything had gone smoothly. 14.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)You’ll compete with fewer tourists,save money,experience a different (differ) side of a popular place,and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower. 15.(2024·全国甲卷)These developments illustrate China’s journey towards a modern and efficient transportation network that balances convenience (convenient) with environmental responsibility. 16.(2024·浙江1月卷)It’s a small change that can make a big difference (different) in your day. 17.(2024·北京卷)Dishonest and violent behaviours were disapproved of;leadership,marriage (marry) and interactions with other groups were loosely governed by traditions. 18.(2024·北京卷)Typically(typical),cruelty and cheating are discouraged,while cooperation,humbleness and courage are praised. 19.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.Seeking and accepting constructive (construct) feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. 20.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Naming each nature experience creates a usable language,which helps people recognise and take part in the activities that are most satisfying (satisfy) and meaningful to them. 21.(2023·天津3月卷)The part of the brain related (relate) to pleasure is activated in response to something we find beautiful. 22.(2023·天津3月卷)With a Handshake account,students can receive information about career events and personalised job recommendations (recommend). 23.(2022·浙江6月卷)So,when people do things to increase their life satisfaction (satisfy),they also make themselves more effective at work.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.suffer v.(身体或精神上)受苦;遭受
①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered (suffer) from terrible back pain.
②[倡议书] As students,we can organise charity activities to raise awareness about the suffering of others and encourage more people to help each sufferer in need.(suffer)
③(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)我的老师感叹道:“在写作的过程中,你一定经历过失败和艰辛。正是苦难使你的意志更加坚定。”
My teacher exclaimed,“In the process of writing,you must have suffered defeats and hardships.It is the suffering that makes you more strong-willed.”
2.addict n.对……着迷的人 v.使沉溺,使上瘾
①[观点态度] On the other hand,video games may make people addicted (addict) to them so deeply that they can waste too much time.
②Many teenagers today are addicted to social media,a highly addictive form of entertainment that fuels their screen addiction and harms their academic performance.(addict)
③[人物介绍] 他痴迷于中国传统绘画,以至于把大部分的业余时间都用来练习技法。
He was so addicted to traditional Chinese painting that he spent most of his spare time practising the techniques.
be/become/get addicted to和have an addiction to中的to为介词,后跟名词、代词或动名词。
3.recommend v.推荐,介绍,建议
①(2022·浙江6月卷)Fearing that I would pick out something awful,I desperately tried to ask the boy ahead of me for a recommendation (recommend).
②[建议信] If you choose Beijing as your destination,I will recommend visiting (visit) the Forbidden City,the largest palace complex in the world.
③[推荐信] 我写这封推荐信是为了推荐英语流利的毕业生汤姆做你的助理。此外,我推荐一些经典书籍给你,这将极大地帮助你了解中国的风俗习惯。希望你能尽快适应在中国的教学。
I am writing a letter of recommendation to recommend Tom,a graduate who is fluent in English,as your assistant.Besides,I recommend some classical books to you,which will greatly help you learn about Chinese customs and manners.Hope that you can adapt to teaching in China as soon as possible.
英语中表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的动词:一坚持(insist),二命令(order,command),三建议(advise,suggest,recommend),四要求(demand,require,request,ask)等后的宾语从句,以及它们所对应的名词(suggestion、requirement、demand、advice、order、insistence等)后的表语从句或同位语从句,再加上它们的过去分词所在的“It is/was+过去分词+主语从句”句型中,都需用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,其中should可以省略。注意这种句型中的虚拟语气形式不受主句谓语动词时态的影响。
4.satisfying adj.令人高兴的,令人满意的
①[情感描写] What made him satisfied was that his son got a satisfying job,making him smile with satisfaction.(satisfy)
②[动作描写] The old man is satisfied to sit (sit) in the yard every afternoon,reading newspapers and enjoying the warm sunshine.
③[活动报道] 令教练满意的是,球队赢得了决赛。每个队员都对自己的表现感到满意。
To the coach’s satisfaction,the team won the final match,and each player was satisfied with their performance.
5.convenient adj.方便的,便利的
①[观点态度] While online shopping offers great convenience,delayed deliveries can sometimes cause significant inconvenience to customers.(convenient)
②[告知信] The high-speed railway shortens the travelling time between two cities,enabling us to visit more places conveniently (convenient).
③[邀请信] 下周六上午一起去外面走走怎么样 如果你方便的话,我们9点在学校门口碰面吧。
How about going out next Saturday morning If it’s convenient for you,let’s meet at the school gate at 9:00.
6.adapt v.(使)适应,(使)适合;改编,改写
①[学校生活] In my opinion,it takes some time for the freshmen to adapt to living (live) in a completely new environment.
②[求助信] Here is the adaptation (adapt) of the short play from our English text.I would appreciate it if you could give me some advice at your earliest convenience.
③[建议信] 我非常高兴收到你的来信,从信中得知你在适应学校生活方面有困难。
I am more than delighted to receive your letter,from which I know you have difficulty adapting to the school life.
7.in case以防万一;假使,假如
①It’s a good idea to choose an alternative destinationin case your first-choice tourist spot is not available.
②Well,in that case,why don’t you go to the school library and check out all the books on the subject
③[译林必修一U3] In any case,find an opportunity to have a full and frank talk with her.
④[动作描写] 她什么都没说,以免情绪失控。
She said nothing in case her temper slipped out of gear.
⑤[建议信] 通常情况下,你对别人留下的第一印象会极大地影响他们对你的看法。
As is often the case,the first impression you make on someone can significantly influence their opinions of you.
8.end up (尤指经历一系列意外后)最终处于,到头来
①After taking a wrong turn on the highway,we ended up in a completely different city than we had planned.
②[建议信] If you skip breakfast regularly,you might end up overeating (overeat) at lunch,which could lead to weight gain.
③截止到数学课结束,我们已解出了一半的题目。在黑板的尽头,老师写下了最后一道题。最终,我们通力合作在下课前完成了所有题目——为整堂课画上了圆满的句号。
By the end of the maths class,we had solved half the problems.At the end of the blackboard,the teacher wrote the final one.In the end,we worked together with full cooperation and finished all of them before the class came to an end—putting an end to the whole class.
9.“否定词+比较级”表达最高级含义
[教材原句] When I get back home,there’s nothing more satisfying than a big meat dinner.
回家后,什么都比不上一顿肉食大餐更让人心满意足了。
[心理描写] 直到那时,我才突然意识到我是世界上最幸福的人。
→It was not until then that I suddenly realised nobody was happier than me in the world.(否定词+形容词比较级+than)
→It was not until then that I suddenly realised nobody was so happy as me in the world.(否定词+so+形容词原级+as)
→It was not until then that I suddenly realised I was happier than all the other people in the world.(比较级+than+all the other...)
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] He once told me ①he was surprised by ②what he saw on the table ③when he first visited my mother’s parents in China.
尝试分析:此句为主从复合句。本句为“主+谓+双宾”结构,主句为He once told me,①为省略了引导词that的宾语从句,充当谓语动词told的宾语;而这个宾语从句也是主从复合句,主句为he was surprised by what he saw on the table,其中②为what 引导的宾语从句,充当介词by的宾语,③是when引导的时间状语从句。
自主翻译:他曾告诉我,第一次去中国拜访妈妈的父母时,餐桌上摆的东西让他大吃一惊。
情境仿写:我哥哥笑着说,第一次在南方城市工作时,他对当地的方言感到十分困惑。
My brother laughed and said he was very confused by the local dialect when he first worked in a southern city.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.pick up
A.开车接(某人)　　　　B.接听,接收
C.拿起,捡起,拾起　 D.恢复健康/精神
E.买,购买　　 F.(偶然)学会,掌握
①(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)What I was to do was fly to Topeka to pick up Tiffy.　A　
②(2023·全国甲卷)The invitation is clear:Weiner wants you to pick up a coffee or tea and sit down with this book.　C　
③(2021·新课标Ⅰ卷)On our first morning in Paris,I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries.　E　
④(2021·全国乙卷)...we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone(using Caller ID would take the fun out of it).　B　
⑤(2020·浙江1月卷)Mom expected me to start crying,but I just sat there for a minute.Then I picked myself up and kept right on going.　D　
⑥When exposed to English-speaking surroundings,you will pick up the language much more easily.　F　
2.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2023·浙江1月卷)He gathered handfuls of damp tree leaves,wrapped them with string,and lit the bunch to create a torch (火把).v.聚集
②(2023·浙江1月卷)The adult bees were angry and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree.He had to wait for the right moment to go back up.v.攻击,进攻
③(2022·全国甲卷)When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. n.(咬下的)一口
④(2022·全国甲卷)The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions.v.使用
3.写出语段中黑体词的含义
We accepted his tip①—eating hot pot.With the tips② of branches swinging in the breeze,we headed for a hot pot restaurant.We tipped③ plates of fresh meat and vegetables into the pot and before leaving,we generously tipped④ the waiter.
我们接受了他的①提议——去吃火锅。树枝的②末梢在微风中摇曳,我们朝一家火锅店走去。我们把一盘盘新鲜的肉和蔬菜③倒进锅里,临走时还慷慨地④给了服务员小费。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·北京卷)For many years,psychologists saw identity (identify) as a combination of someone’s values,beliefs,goals and social roles.
2.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper’s physical properties.
3.(2024·天津3月卷)This online course has been updated,but you can still access and use the original (origin) version.
4.(2024·天津3月卷)This particular feature also means we typically (typical) prefer things which offer minimum effort for maximum reward.
5.(2023·全国乙卷)Although my fingers were painful after few hours’ practice,I felt satisfied (satisfy) if I could play a music piece completely.
6.I’ve taken to reading your magazine for a few years since the first time I met it.
7.In horror,he stood there witnessing the horrible accident,unable to utter a word.(horror)
8.It was because of my generous and kind-hearted classmates that I felt a sense of belonging (belong) and adapted to the new surroundings quickly.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 申请信—跨文化沟通—文化交流活动
(2023·天津6月卷)假设你是晨光中学的学生李津,通过交换生项目在英国某中学就读,校方为加强中英文化交流,将举办“中国工坊” 活动。该活动主题涉及中华美食、中国传统手工艺、中国书法和绘画,拟招募学生现场教授相关技能。请按照以下提示,写一封申请信:
1.申请参加本次活动;
2.阐述你对本次文化交流活动意义的理解;
3.结合个人兴趣和特长,说明拟教授何种技能,并阐述原因。
参考词汇:中国工坊Chinese Workshop;中华美食 Chinese cuisine;手工艺handicraft;书法calligraphy
[场景演练]
1.我非常激动,特此写信申请参加贵校的“中国工坊”活动。(too...to...)
I am too excited to write to apply to participate in the Chinese Workshop event at your school.
2.作为一名来自中国的交换生,我强烈建议所有人参加此次活动。(recommend sb to do sth)
As an exchange student from China,I strongly recommend everyone to take part in the event.
3.这项活动可以让他们通过传统美食、手工艺品和书法来了解中国文化。(enable)
This event can enable them to learn about Chinese culture through traditional cuisine,handicrafts and calligraphy.
4.除此之外,通过面对面的交流,我们可以消除文化隔阂,建立深厚的联系。(relationship)
In addition,through face-to-face interaction,we can break down cultural barriers and establish strong relationships.
5.至于我,我痴迷于中华美食。(be addicted to)
As for me,I am addicted to Chinese cuisine.
6.因此我想提供一个关于教别人做宫保鸡丁的课程。(the way作先行词的定语从句)
So I would like to offer a session on teaching others the way they cook Kung Pao Chicken.
7.通过将这门技艺传授给他人,我希望帮助他们掌握一项新技能,还能培养他们对中华美食更深层次的鉴赏力。
By teaching this craft to others,I hope to help them learn a new skill and foster a greater appreciation of Chinese cuisine.
8.感谢您考虑我的申请。如若能尽快回复,我将不胜感激。(convenience)
Thank you for considering my application.I would appreciate it if you could reply to me at your earliest convenience.
[句式升级]
1.将第2句和第3句用定语从句进行改写升级。
As an exchange student from China,I strongly recommend everyone to take part in the event which can enable them to learn about Chinese culture through traditional cuisine,handicrafts and calligraphy.
2.将第7句用not only...but also...句式进行改写升级。
By teaching this craft to others,I hope to not only help them learn a new skill but also foster a greater appreciation of Chinese cuisine.
[连句成篇]
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am too excited to write to apply to participate in the Chinese Workshop event at your school.As an exchange student from China,I strongly recommend everyone to take part in the event which can enable them to learn about Chinese culture through traditional cuisine, handicrafts and calligraphy.In addition,through face-to-face interaction,we can break down cultural barriers and establish strong relationships.
As for me,I am addicted to Chinese cuisine.So I would like to offer a session on teaching others the way they cook Kung Pao Chicken.By teaching this craft to others,I hope to not only help them learn a new skill but also foster a greater appreciation of Chinese cuisine.
Thank you for considering my application.I would appreciate it if you could reply to me at your earliest convenience.
Yours sincerely,
Li Jin
smile 微笑 laughter 笑声 laugh at 嘲笑 chuckle 轻声笑 giggle 咯咯地笑 grin 露齿而笑 wear a smile 面带微笑 laugh out loud 放声大笑 笑 burst into laughter 突然大笑 smile from ear to ear 眉开眼笑 explode/roar with laughter 哄堂大笑 scream with laughter 笑得前仰后合 joyful and carefree laughter 欢快而无忧无虑的笑声 spark with delight 因喜悦而闪烁
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.goal n.球门;目标 2.content n.满意,满足;内容;[pl.]目录;含量 adj.满意的 v.(使)满足,(使)满意 3.plastic adj.塑料制的 n.塑料 4.factor n.因素,要素 5.conflict n.武装冲突,战斗,战争;争执,争论 6.display n.显示器;(特性、情感或能力 的)展示;表露 v.展示,陈列 7.monitor v.监视,监测 n.班长;显示器,监视器 8.master n.大师,能手;主人 v.掌握 9.data n.资料,数据 10.ache v.(持续而隐隐地)作痛 n.(身体某部位)疼痛
阅 读 词 汇 1.twist　　　n.(形势或事态的)意外转折;扭转,扭曲 2.soldier n.士兵,军人 3.assure v.向……保证,使确信 4.chart v.记录,跟踪(变化或进展) n.图表 5.setting n.(机器、仪器等调控装置的)设定位置,调节点 6.skip v.跳绳;不做,略过 7.plank n.平板支撑 8.bar n.横木;棒,块,条;酒吧 9.upper　　　adj.(位置)较上的,较高的,上面的 10.bone n.骨头,骨 11.label n.标签,标记 v.贴标签 12.asthma n.哮喘(病) 13.lung n.肺 work n.人际关系网,联络网;网络系统 v.将……连接成网络 15.gorilla n.大猩猩 16.am 午前,上午
拓 展 词 汇 1.surfing n.冲浪(运动);网络浏览→surf v.冲浪;(互联网上)浏览→surfer n.冲浪者 2.represent v.代表,表示,象征→representative n.代表,代理人 adj.典型的,有代表性的→representation n.表现;描述;代表;支持 3.basis n.基础;根据→base v.以……为基础 n.根基;基地→basic adj.基础的,基本的→basically adv.基本上,大体上,总的说来 4.equipment n.装备,设备,用具→equip v.装备,配备→equipped adj.装备齐全的;有能力的 5.defend v.(在比赛中)防守,防卫→defence/defense n.防卫,防护;防御设施→defender n.捍卫者,保护者,守卫者;后卫→defensive adj.防御(性)的,戒备的,(体育运动中的打法)防守型的 6.death n.死,死亡→die v.死,死亡;(机器或设备)完全停止运行→dead adj.死的,失去生命的→deadly adj.致命的,致死的;极度的 adv.极其,非常→dying adj.垂死的 7.ideal adj.理想的,最好的→ideally adv.理想地,完美地→idealism n.理想主义→idealist n.理想主义者 8.adjustable adj.可调整的,可调节的→adjust v.调整,调节;适应→adjustment n.调整,调节;适应 9.available adj.可用的,可获得的;有空的→ availability n.可获得性,可利用性;有效性 10.balance n.平衡(能力);天平;余额 v.(使)保持平衡→balanced adj.平衡的
拓 展 词 汇 11.involve v.包含,需要→involved adj.卷入的,参与的;关系密切的→involvement n.参与,卷入;投入 12.response n.回答,答复→respond v.回答,作出反应 13.interpret v.理解,了解,解释→interpretation n.解释,说明,阐明→interpreter n.口译者,口译员→interpretive adj.阐释的,解释的,诠释的 14.power n.力量v.驱动;推动→powerful adj.强大的;权力大的→powerless adj.无权力的;无影响力的;无能为力的→powerfully adv.强大地;强烈地 15.tension n.紧张,焦虑→tense adj.紧张的,焦虑的,无法放松的 16.disappear v.消失,不见→disappearance n.消失,失踪;(指人、事物或动物)灭绝→(反义词)appear v.出现,显现→appearance n.(尤指出乎意料的)到来,出现;外观,外表 17.sweaty adj.满是汗的,被汗水湿透的→sweat n.汗水 v.出汗 18.inspire v.鼓舞,激励→inspiration n.灵感;鼓舞人心的人(或事物)→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的;有激励作用的→inspired adj.品质优秀的;受到启发的 19.persuade v.说服,劝服→persuasion n.劝说,说服→persuasive adj.有说服力的,令人信服的 20.champion n.(尤指体育比赛中的)冠军,第一名→championship n.冠军头衔;锦标赛 21.ultimate adj.(目标等)最终的→ultimately adv.最终,最后
重 点 词 块 1.given that　　　　　　　 假定;考虑到,鉴于 2.go back to 追溯到 3.to one’s heart’s content 尽情地;心满意足地 4.end with 以……结束 5.break down 分解;发生故障;失败;消除;(身体)垮掉 6.take...for example 以……为例 7.break out　　　　　　　爆发 8.put down 放下;镇压;记下,写下 9.be born with 与生俱来,生而具有 10.around the corner 在拐角处;即将发生 11.in turn 反过来;依次,轮流 12.save...from 从……中拯救…… 13.die out 消失,绝迹,灭绝
重 点 句 型 1.想想当年尼尔·阿姆斯特朗曾想把足球带上月球,我们甚至可以说它也是地球之外最受欢迎的运动!(given that 引导状语从句) Given that Neil Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon,we could even say that it is also the most popular sport out of this world! 2.足球是非常简便的一项运动,这或许是它受欢迎的最根本的原因。(that引导主语从句) That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity. 3.它也是一项花费很少的运动。(定语从句) It is also a game that is very cheap to play. 4.无论在健身房还是在路上,跑第一英里的时候我还能感受到神经的紧张。(whether...or...引导让步状语从句) Whether I’m at the gym or on the road,my nervous energy pushes me through mile one. 5.等我跑完全程,所有的压力都消失了,我又可以准备好迎接第二天的工作了!(by the end of标志着主句用完成时态) By the end of the run,all my stress has disappeared and I’m ready to face the next day at work! 6.最有趣的时刻是看比赛的人递给了我一根香蕉——这对于奔跑的大猩猩来说真是一顿美餐!(when引导表语从句) The funniest moment was when someone watching the race offered me a banana—a real treat for a running gorilla!
动词变名词的后缀“-ence” 集锦:
①exist→existence 存在　　　　　　　②differ→difference 区别,差异
③occur→occurrence 发生的事情　　　④refer→reference 参考,查阅;提及　　
⑤insist→insistence 坚持,坚决要求　 ⑥prefer→preference 偏爱;更喜欢的人/物
⑦persist→persistence 坚持,锲而不舍　 ⑧depend→dependence 依赖,依靠
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)As a new unit started,I asked everyone to write a persuasive (persuade) piece on a health-related topic of their choice. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic (base) ideas of Eastern philosophy,according to Tu Ningning,who is in charge of the exhibition. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Crucially,this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics (塑料). 4.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a common goal (目标). 5.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues,which ultimately (ultimate) led her to getting surgery. 6.(2025·北京卷)In my defence/defense (defend),I did what we’ve all done before,which is to repeat received wisdom without exploring the nuances. 7.(2025·北京卷)Another key theme involves (involve) finding some kind of positive meaning after stressful events. 8.(2024·浙江1月卷) A similar process is at work in our response (respond) to information. 9.(2024·浙江1月卷)Given that (鉴于) doing sports is beneficial to our physical health,let’s take action right now! 10.(2024·北京卷)According to Jim Hart,the “hedgehog concept” is one of the factors(factor) that lead companies to greatness. 11.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Neither won the race,but the display (表露) of human kindness won the day. 12.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)So,what are they learning Basically (basic),how to describe a panda’s life. 13.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Our lives in the 21st century are networked (将……连接成网络). 14.(2023·全国甲卷)...and he becomes part of that crowd in the process by decoding (解读) their messages and adding his own interpretation (interpret). 15.(2023·全国甲卷)What we discovered is that it’s unwise to judge what you eat only by its appearance (appear). 16.(2023·全国乙卷)Although my fingers were painful after a few hours’ practice,I felt content (感到满意) if I could play a music piece completely. 17.(2023·全国乙卷)Ideally (ideal) a history would bring together texts and objects... 18.(2023·天津3月卷)Just imagine this little man with the huge equipment(equip) balanced (balance) on his head. 19.(2023·天津3月卷)When Lisa moved to a new city,she had a hard time adjusting (adjust) to her new surroundings. 20.(2023·天津6月卷) Having tried several adjustments (adjust) to the design for two months,the engineer eventually succeeded in building a highly efficient system. 21.(2022·新课标Ⅱ卷)We offer scholarships to low-income schools and youth organisations,subject to availability (available). 22.(2022·新课标Ⅱ卷)...public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade(persuade) people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel. 23.(2021·天津3月卷)By the end of 2020,Pruitt had repaired (repair) more than 140 for donation or to be returned to their owners.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.represent v.代表,表示;描述;象征
①[介绍信] The painting is a vivid representation (represent) of the artist’s emotions during that period.
②[活动报道] As a student representative,she provided a representative summary of the group’s opinions at the meeting.(represent)
③[邀请信] 我谨代表我的父母,写信邀请您来我家与我们共度端午节。
I’m writing to invite you,representing my parents,to my home to celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival with my family.
2.content n.满意,满足;目录;内容 v.(使)满足,(使)满意 adj.满足的,满意的
①[场景描写] At the family reunion,everyone laughed,talked,and ate delicious food to their heart’s content,enjoying the warm atmosphere.
②[情感描写] Though she didn’t win first prize,she contented herself (she) with the progress she’d made through months of practice.
③The textbook’s contents(content) cover a wide range of topics from history to science,making it suitable for students of all grades.
④[情感描写] Joyful and content (快乐而满足地),she flew about 2 metres above the ground,
turning her head from side to side as if expressing her gratitude for saving her life to me again.
3.involve v.包含,需要;涉及;使参与
①(2024·浙江1月卷)This simple routine involves standing (stand) up from your desk,stretching your arms,legs and back,and taking a few deep breaths.
②[感谢信] We’re really excited to have you join us for this event.Your involvement (involve) will surely add to the enjoyment of the event.
③[神态描写] 她的表情混杂着好奇和期待,她的眼睛闪烁着兴奋的光芒。
Her expression involved a mix of curiosity and anticipation,her eyes sparking with excitement.
4.inspire v.鼓舞,激励;启发;使产生(感觉或情感)
①(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make (make) the most of each day.
②(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)...but she has proved the opposite wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an inspiration (inspire) for many social media users.
③[主旨升华] The inspiring story of the disabled athlete not only touched the audience but also left them feeling inspired to face their own challenges bravely.(inspire)
5.persuade v.说服,劝服;使相信,使信服
①With her persuasive words,she tried to convince him to go on doing the research.Ultimately he was persuaded to accept her persuasion to continue with the research,leaving her with a sense of accomplishment.(persuade)
②[建议信] Don’t let yourself be persuaded into buying things you don’t really want.
③[心理描写] 我非常紧张,犹豫地敲开了门,试图说服他买我的爆米花。
Having butterflies in my stomach,I hesitantly knocked on the door and tried to persuade him to buy my popcorn.
6.in turn相应地;转而;依次,轮流
①Now that we have finished the design,it is their turn to construct (construct) the building.
②During the group discussion,we spoke in turn,ensuring everyone had a chance to share their ideas.
③It turned out that David’s efforts paid off when he was admitted into his dream university.
④At the meeting they took turns to put(put) forward a number of suggestions,aiming to promote the reform of the education system.
7.die out 消失,绝迹,灭绝
①掌声平息后,她开始演讲。
When the applause had died down,she began her speech.
②[申请信] 我非常渴望得到参加学校篮球俱乐部的宝贵机会。
I am dying for the precious opportunity to join the school basketball club.
8.given that 引导原因状语从句
[教材原句] Given that Neil Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon,we could even say that it is also the most popular sport out of this world!
想想当年尼尔·阿姆斯特朗曾想把足球带上月球,我们甚至可以说它也是地球之外最受欢迎的运动!
①(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Given (give) the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives,we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future.
②[邀请信] You can join our weekend hiking trip,providing/provided (provide) that you bring proper shoes and enough water for the journey.
③Assuming (assume) that the weather remains sunny,our family will have a picnic in the park tomorrow.
④[传统文化] 鉴于您热衷于中国传统节日,我写信向您介绍端午节。
Given/Considering that you are keen on traditional Chinese festivals,I am writing to introduce the Dragon Boat Festival to you.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] Football ①as we know it today started in Great Britain,②where the game was given new rules.
尝试分析:此句为主从复合句。主句为“主+谓+状”结构。句子的主干是Football started in Great Britain,①是 as引导的定语从句,修饰先行词Football;②是where引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Great Britain。
自主翻译:我们所熟知的现代足球始于英国,在那里这项运动被赋予了新的规则。
情境仿写:我们今天所熟知的指南针最初是在中国发明的,两千多年前中国人用它来指示方向。
The compass as we know it today was originally invented in China,where Chinese people used it to indicate the direction over two thousand years ago.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.balance
A.n.平衡　　B.n.天平
C.n.余额　　 D.v.(使)保持平衡
①He struggled to balance the heavy books on his head.　D　
②It is important to keep the different aspects of your life in balance.　A　
③In the lab,I used a precision balance to measure chemicals,ensuring reactions stayed stable.
　B　
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
After quickly scanning the detailed table of contents① at the beginning of her biology textbook,
Lily couldn’t help but feel content②.The lecture notes provided by her teacher were filled with colour-coded diagrams and summarised key points,their contents③ far exceeding her expectations.
莉莉快速翻阅了生物学教科书前页详细的①目录后,不禁感到②心满意足。老师提供的讲义里满是彩色标注的图解和要点总结,其③内容之丰富远超她的预期。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)In artists’ representations (represent) of books and reading,we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time.
2.(2023·全国乙卷)Many of these species are not ideally (ideal) suited to growing outside in the UK,especially in the winter.
3.(2023·天津3月卷) Mik’s job was to carry my equipment (equip) up the mountain,set up the tent (帐篷),and carry everything back down after reaching the peak.
4.I failed to persuade my deskmate to go (go) with us to participate in the competition.
5.She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.
6.When she turned around,she saw someone staring(stare) at her with great joy.
7.Most Chinese people like the fairy tale,which dates back to the Han Dynasty.
8.But as we’ve reshaped the world around us,dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved (involve) in obtaining calories,we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 告知信—传统文化—中国武术
假设你是李华,你的新西兰笔友Leah痴迷于中国武术,写信向你咨询。请你根据提示用英语写一封回信。
[场景演练]
1.鉴于你对中国武术充满热情,作为对你要求的回应,我非常荣幸与你分享我所知道的。(given that;response)
Given that you are passionate about Chinese martial arts,I am extremely privileged to share what I know in response to your demand.
2.中国武术,通常被称作功夫,历史可以追溯到2 000多年前的古代中国,是中国传统文化的重要组成部分。(go back to)
Chinese martial arts have a long history going back over 2,000 years to Ancient China,which are often referred to as kung fu,playing a vital part in traditional Chinese culture.
3.功夫在全球拥有众多追随者,甚至被看作是中国文化的代表。(representative)
Kung fu enjoys a huge number of followers worldwide,which is even regarded as a representative of Chinese culture.
4.功夫的种类繁多,诸如少林和太极。(involve)
A variety of styles of kung fu,such as Shaolin and Tai Chi,are involved.
5.功夫可以强身健体,缓解学习压力,让人们感到一种平静、自信以及平和。(tension;as well as)
Kung fu can build up our body,relieve the tension from study,and make people feel a sense of calm,confidence as well as peace.
6.鼓舞人心的功夫电影越来越受欢迎。人们惊叹于电影中武术的魅力。(marvel)
Inspiring kung fu movies are increasingly popular.People marvel at the charm of martial arts from them.
7.这种文化遗产深受中国人的喜爱。(popularity)
This cultural heritage enjoys great popularity among Chinese people.
8.真心希望你能满意我的分享,如有疑问,请随时与我联系。(content)
Hopefully,you will be content with my sharing and please don’t hesitate to contact me if there is any question.
[句式升级]
1.将第2句用with复合结构进行改写升级。
With a long history going back over 2,000 years to Ancient China,Chinese martial arts are often referred to as kung fu,playing a vital part in traditional Chinese culture.
2.将第6句用定语从句进行改写升级。
Inspiring kung fu movies are increasingly popular,where people marvel at the charm of martial arts.
[连句成篇]
Dear Leah,
　　Given that you are passionate about Chinese martial arts,I am extremely privileged to share what I know in response to your demand.
　　With a long history going back over 2,000 years to Ancient China,Chinese martial arts are often referred to as kung fu,playing a vital part in traditional Chinese culture.Kung fu enjoys a huge number of followers worldwide,which is even regarded as a representative of Chinese culture.A variety of styles of kung fu,such as Shaolin and Tai Chi,are involved.Kung fu can build up our body,relieve the tension from study,and make people feel a sense of calm,confidence as well as peace.Inspiring kung fu movies are increasingly popular,where people marvel at the charm of martial arts.This cultural heritage enjoys great popularity among Chinese people.
　　Hopefully,you will be content with my sharing and please don’t hesitate to contact me if there is any question.
Yours,
Li Hua
　　要求:请根据P65的线训练,再结合括号中的提示完成句式升级,并续写后续内容,使故事情节更加完整。
On that sunny afternoon,the yard was filled with laughter and joy.①A group of kids chasing and giggling in the yard(独立主格结构),②their happiness was so pure that when some of them accidentally fell down,instead of crying,they burst into laughter happily (so...that...句型).Their joyful and carefree laughter echoed through the air,as if it could brighten every corner of the neighbourhood.The grandparents sat on the stone benches nearby,③watching the kids (现在分词作状语),④with smiles on their faces (with复合结构).An old grandpa,with a bamboo fan in his hand,fanned himself slowly,⑤his eyes sparking with delight (独立主格结构) as he took in the lively scene.Occasionally,he would laugh out loud,⑥full of love for life and expectations for the future (形容词短语作状语).⑦This simple happiness,made by children’s laughter and everyone’s smiles,is the most precious warmth in daily life.It reminds us that joy,in its purest form,can easily connect hearts and make ordinary moments shine.
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　 　 v.把……作为目标 n.目标,靶子 2.　　　　 n.(尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般)看法,态度 3.　　　　 n.海洋,大海 4.　　　　 v.使……突出,使注意力集中于 n.亮点,最引人注目的部分 5.　　　　 n.(野生生物)保护区 v.预订,预约;保留 6.　　　　 n.员工,全体职员 7.　　　　 v.建立,设立 8.　　　　 v.破损,损害,损伤 n.(有形的)损坏,破坏,损失 9.　　　　 n.洪水,水灾 v.淹没 10.　　　　 v.影响 11.　　　　 n.(煤气、电力、自来水等)供应(系统) v.供应,提供 12.　　　　　　　v.采取(某种方法);采取(某态度);收养 13.　　　　 adj.可持续的,不破坏环境的 14.　　　　 n.碳 15.　　　　 n.温室,暖房 16.　　　　 n.小册子 17.　　　　 adj.利用太阳光(能)的 18.　　　　 v.& n.释放,排放;发布,发行 19.　　　　 n.(尤指大学里的)讲座,讲课,演讲;教训 20.　　　　 adj.不正确的,错误的 21.　　　　 n.数量,数额 22.　　　　 n.设备,仪器,装置 23.　　　　 n.(宣传)活动;运动;战役 24.　　　　 adj.平均(数)的;普通的 n.平均数
阅 读 词 汇 1.shark 　　　n.　　　　　　　 2.fin v.　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 3.dive v.　　　　　　　 4.drought n.　　　　　　　 5.bulb n.　　　　　　　 6.renewable adj.　　　　　　　 7.reusable adj.　　　　　　　 8.smog n.　　　　　　　 9.slide 　 　　　　n.　　　　　　　 v.　　　　　　　 10.stand-by adj.　　　　　　　 11.mode n.　　　　　　　 12.leak v.　　　　　　　 13.appliance n.　　　　　　　 14.plug n.　　　　　　　　 v.　　　　　　　 15.litre n.　　　　　　　 16.canteen n.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 v.使(某人)惊恐,吓唬→　　　　 adj.惊恐的,害怕的→　　　　 adj.恐怖的,吓人的 2.　　　　 adv.幸运地→(反义词)　　　　 adv.不幸地→　　　　 adj.幸运的→　　　　 n.财富;命运;运气→(反义词)　　　　 n.不幸;灾祸,灾难 3.　　　　 n.灭绝,绝种→　　　　 adj.灭绝的,绝种的→　　　　 adj.使消灭的 4.　　　　 v.致力,献身,倾注→　　　　 n.挚爱;忠诚;奉献→　　　　 adj.挚爱的;忠诚的;敬业的;全身心投入的 5.　　　　 n.残忍,残酷,残暴→　　　　 adj.残酷的,残忍的→　　　　 adv.残酷地,残忍地 6.　　　　 n.打猎,狩猎→　　　　 v.打猎,狩猎→　　　　 n.猎人 7.　　　　 n.报告,(观点的)陈述,说明→　　　　 v.提出;授予;呈现 adj.当前的;在场的 n.目前;礼物 8.　　　　 v.使恢复,使复原→　　　　 n.(对艺术品、建筑等的)修复;恢复→　　　　 adj. 精力充沛的;精力恢复的 9.　　　　 v.减少,降低→　　　　 n.减少;下降 10.　　　　 n.雾→　　　　 adj.有雾的 11.　　　　 adj.(问题、伤势、疾病等)很严重的→　　　　 adv.严重地,严厉地 12.　　　　 n.感染,传染病→　　　　 v.传染;使感染→　　　　 adj.感染病菌的;带菌的→　　　　 adj.传染的,传染性的 13.　　　　 n.允许,许可→　　　　 v.许可,准许 n.许可证 14.　　　　 n.多数,大多数(人或物)→ 　　　　 adj.主要的;多数的 v.主修 n.专业→(反义词)　　　　 n.少数民族;少数派→　　　　 adj.少数的;较小的,次要的 15.　　　　 n.电→　　　　 adj.电的;用电的→　　　　 adj.与电有关的;用电的 16.　　　　 v.移走,搬走,去掉→　　　　 n.免职;移动;清除;搬迁 17.　　　　 v.竭力主张,强烈要求,敦促→　　　　 adj.紧急的,迫切的→　　　　 adv.迫切地,紧急地,急切地→　　　　 n.紧急,紧迫性 18.　　　　 adj.焦急的,担忧的→　　　　 n.关心,担心→　　　　 prep.关于 19.　　　　 v.促成,造成(某事发生);发表意见→　　　　 n.贡献;捐赠;奉献;投稿→　　　　 n.贡献者;捐款者;撰稿人
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　　　　 害怕地 2.　　　　　　　 害怕 3.　　　　　　　 由于,因为 4.　　　　　　　 切断;中断 5.　　　　　　　 对……有……影响 6.　　　　　　　 把……看作 7.　　　　　　　 错误地 8.　　　　　　　　　　采取措施 9.　　　　　　　 多达;直到;在于……;胜任 10.　　　　　　　 在一些情况下 11.　　　　　　　 把……考虑进去 12.　　　　　　　 常识 13.　　　　　　　 取决于;依赖,依靠 14.　　　　　　　 呼吁,号召;拜访,探访
重 点 句 型 1.我们看到一个女人夜晚在漆黑的海水里游泳。(see+宾语+宾语补足语) We 　　　　　　　　　　　　 at night in a dark sea. 2.电影《大白鲨》大获成功,吸引了大量观众并赢得了众多奖项。(现在分词短语作结果状语) Jaws was a great success, 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 3.幸运的是,并非每个看过《大白鲨》这部电影的人都变得害怕鲨鱼……(部分否定) Fortunately,　　　　　　　　 who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks... 4.然而,生产纸袋的耗能为塑料袋的四倍,耗水则多达三倍。(倍数表达法) However, making a paper bag uses 　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 making a plastic bag and up to 　　　　　　　　　 　　　　 water. 5.相比于运输,食物的生产过程才是消耗大部分能源及产生大部分温室气体的原因。(强调句型) 　　　　 the production of food, not its transport, 　　　　 uses most of the energy and produces most of the greenhouse gases.
动词变名词的后缀“-ption”集锦:
①consume→consumption消耗;消耗量　　　　②absorb→absorption吸收;专注;全神贯注
③describe→description描述,说明 ④assume→assumption假定,假设
⑤adopt→adoption采用;收养 ⑥interrupt→interruption中断;打扰
⑦subscribe→subscription订阅;订金 ⑧prescribe→prescription处方;指示
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Naturally,I was tempted to let it slide,but in the end I knew it was 　　　　　　 (在于我). 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷) It’s estimated that the global demand for 　　　　 (electric) could more than double by 2050.　　　　 (fortunate),analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Such an inviting column,　　　　 (adopt) a “description and guess” approach, must expose everyone to others’ characteristics, thus strengthening mutual understanding. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷) We hope 　　　　(present) the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context... 5.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Although these 　　　　 (运动) were widespread,the reality is that the 　　　　 (major) of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. 6.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)One long-term option for sustainable (　　　　) fuel for planes is to make hydrocarbons from recycled air. 7.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)“If you’re 　　　　 (scare) about something and thinking only about that,there’s no way you’re going to be able to learn,” Ho says. 8.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)志愿服务对儿童和青少年具有终身的影响。
9.(2025·浙江1月卷)If the information you’re communicating isn’t 　　　　 (urge),consider sending an email. 10.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)We’ll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive (侵入的) plant 　　　　 (remove),winter planting,and seed collection. 11.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused 　　　　 (permit) to participate. 12.(2024·浙江1月卷)Due to the lack of scientific proof 　　　　(concern) their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. 13.(2024·北京卷)　　　　 (不幸地), this is not a scientific question. 14.(2024·北京卷)Typically,　　　　 (cruel) and cheating are discouraged, while cooperation, humbleness and courage are praised. 15.(2024·北京卷)慢下来能够极大地促进个人成长。 16.(2024·天津3月卷) She said a famous professor was going to 　　　　　　　　 (作演讲) about the poet, and a 　　　　 (present) of that poem would be a fresh way to start. 17.(2024·天津3月卷) Ms. Young has also 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (致力于支持) the restaurants in Chinatown. 18.(2024·天津3月卷)Human impact on the animal kingdom, such as 　　　　 (hunt) and destruction of habitats, has caused a 　　　　(reduce) in the population of certain species in the past three decades. 19.(2023·全国乙卷)I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises 　　　　 (因为)being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment. 20.(2022·新课标Ⅰ卷)如果您能考虑我的邀请,我将不胜感激。 21.(2022·天津6月卷)Managing money is a critical life skill, and for many,it is at college that they develop it for the first time. (分析: 画线句使用了　　　　句型)
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.scare v.使(某人)惊恐,吓唬 n.惊恐,恐慌,恐惧
①(2025·北京卷) When Nick runs ahead, I hear him barking excitedly. I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone 　　　　 (scare).
②She was scared 　　　　 (dive) into the deep water because there were many dangerous creatures.
③[心理描写] 当我看到有人在黑暗中慢慢朝我走来时,我怕得要死。
④[环境描写] 夜晚回家的路上,突然响起的雷声把我吓了一跳。暴雨中,我害怕继续走完剩下的路。漆黑的街道显得很可怕,直到我看见我的家就在前方。
The sudden clap of thunder 　　　　　　 as I was walking home at night.I 　　　　　　　　　　　　 the rest of the way in the heavy rain. The dark street 　　　　　　　　　　 until I spotted my home just ahead.
2.devote v.致力,献身,倾注
①(2022·全国甲卷) All in all, it is high time that we devoted ourselves to 　　　　 (protect) the ocean.
②[告知信] 　　　　 (devote) to promoting environmental protection, the organisation has launched dozens of campaigns this year.
③It is your 　　　　 (devote), diligence and determination that leads to your success.
④[社区生活] I devoted myself to community activities and was praised by the people around.
→
(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
→
(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
3.affect v.影响;(感情上)打动;(疾病)侵袭;使感染
①(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Though overtourism is described as a problem 　　　　 (affect) the entire world,it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots.
②[倡议书] We need to pay special attention to the wildlife 　　　　 (affect) by habitat loss, which is crucial for their survival.
③[感谢信] 　　　　 (affect) by your inspiring speech, many students decided to join the volunteer programme.
④我深爱着我的母亲,她的言行对我有着积极的影响。
4.concerned adj.焦急的,担忧的;关注的;感兴趣的
[自然环境] 环境保护已成为全球关注的焦点。这是每个人都关切的重大问题。如今,越来越多的人开始关注环境,关于环境保护的全球会议定期召开。在我看来,不久的将来我们将拥有一片更蓝的天空。
Environmental protection has become 　　　　　　　　.It is a major issue that each individual 　　　　　　　　. Now more and more people 　　　　　　　　 the environment, and global conferences 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 are held regularly. 　　　　　　　　　　　　, we will have a bluer sky in the near future.
5.take...into account 把……考虑进去
①Teachers should account for (　　　　) the reasons why group discussions account for (　　　　) a quarter of the class time.
②[通知] The school decided to cancel the outdoor activities 　　　　　　　　 (由于) the sudden drop in temperature and strong wind.
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (青少年决不应该花费) too much time on social media, as it may affect their studies and harm their mental health.
④The teacher asked each student to 　　　　　　　　 (描述) their summer vacation experiences in front of the class.
6.形容词短语作状语
[教材原句] Some people stopped swimming in the sea,afraid of the horrible creature from the film.
有些人因为害怕遇到电影里描述的这种可怕生物再也不去海里游泳了。
①[心理描写] For a moment I just stood there and saw the deep water, nervous and 　　 　　(frighten).
②[心理描写] 　　　　 (scare) of failing to find the way to the farm, I sat beside a tree and held my shoulders in my arms tightly.
③[邀请信] 很高兴得知你对中国画感兴趣,我写信诚挚地邀请你参观我们学校正在举办的展览。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I am writing to sincerely invite you to visit the exhibition being hosted in our school.
7.倍数表达法
[教材原句] However,making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water.
然而,生产纸袋的耗能为塑料袋的四倍,耗水则多达三倍。
①为了给学生们提供更好的阅读空间,新修建的图书馆是原来的三倍大。
→In order to provide students with better reading space,the newly-built library is 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　.
→In order to provide students with better reading space,the newly-built library is 　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　.
→In order to provide students with better reading space,the newly-built library is 　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　.
②[介绍信] 这所学校现在的学生人数是十年前的三倍。
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] Many people ①who saw the film started to believe ②that sharks were bad animals ③that
ate humans.
尝试分析:此句为复合句。主句为“　　　　”结构,其中①是who引导的　　　　从句,修饰先行词　　　　　　　　;②是that引导的　　　　从句,作believe的　　　　,其中③是that引导的　　　　从句,修饰先行词　　　　　　　　。
自主翻译:
情境仿写:那些读过这篇文章的年轻人开始意识到,体育运动是能够强健体魄的有益活动。
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.due
A.adj.预期的,预计的　　B.adj.由于,因为
C.adj.归功于;应给的　 D.adj.到期的
E.adj.适当的,合适的
①(2025·浙江1月卷)Loan periods are established by the lending library.All due dates are noted on the label.　　
②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Due to a big storm,my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half.　　　
③Either you or one of your students is to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. 　　
④We need to find a due place for the reading club where members can focus without distractions.　　
⑤Much of the team’s success is due to the coach’s wise guidance and strict training.　　
2.average
A.adj.平均(数)的　　B.adj.普通的 C.n.平均数　D.n.平均水平　E.v.平均为
①(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1,000 in revenue (收入)...　　
②(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases,the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.　　
③(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)When enough of these errors are averaged together,they cancel each other out,resulting in a more accurate estimate.　　
④(2023·全国甲卷)The average spend per project will be around ￡823.　　
⑤Her performance in the competition was far beyond the average of other participants.　　
3.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·浙江1月卷)This platform is not only reserved for professional cooks,but also for those willing to discover new experiences.　　　　　　　
②(2024·浙江1月卷)Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards.　　　　　　　　
③(2024·浙江1月卷)It is so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result.　　　　　　　
④(2024·北京卷)To begin with, talk about China’s economic growth and technological advancements, which are the highlights in the past few decades.　　　　　　　
⑤(2024·天津3月卷)A devoted teacher might also wish to refresh his closeness to a work, and thus avoid teaching through the same old written notes with soporific (让人瞌睡的) effects.　　　　　　　
⑥(2022·北京卷)Systems thinking is crucial to achieving targets such as zero hunger and better nutrition. 　　　　　　　　
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Inside the office,they encourage recycling and waste 　　　　 (reduce) by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic.
2.(2024·北京卷)Once a pair has been determined to be suitable, the students will be contacted individually with a special 　　　　 (permit) number to register for the programme.
3.(2024·全国甲卷)However, when a cat is looking for 　　　　(affect), they tend to produce stretched and soft meows.
4.(2022·新课标Ⅰ卷)Covering an area about three times the size 　　　　 Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
5.(2022·浙江6月卷)As the line of people came towards me, I got a little 　　　　 (scare).
6.It is 　　　　 that we should finish the work in such a short and 　　　　 time. (urge)
7.The 　　　　 (major) of them take an online language test before starting their programme.
8.Every year I devote much time to 　　　　(travel)around the world, enjoying dramatic landscapes.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 倡议书—人与环境—保护环境,从我做起
　　保护环境是每一个人的责任,身为学生,我们应该从自己做起,从身边做起,为环境保护做贡献。请你代表校学生会写一份倡议书,内容包括:
1.你为环境保护做了什么;
2.你的感受和收获;
3.号召大家保护环境。
[场景演练]
1.保护环境是每一个人的责任,身为学生,我们应该从自己做起。(it is one’s responsibility to do)
2.我在日常生活中通过采取一些小举措,积极参与环境保护。(be involved in)
3.首先,我减少使用一次性塑料制品,选择可重复使用的替代品,如水瓶和购物袋。(reduce;reusable)
4.而且,我经常参加当地的清理活动。(participate)
5.这些活动旨在使我的社区保持清洁,没有垃圾。(aim)
6.我感受到一种对地球的满足感和责任感。我努力为环境保护做出贡献。(contribute)
7.看到我的行动的积极影响,比如更清洁的环境和提高同龄人的意识,激励我继续做出环保的选择。(impact)
8.我相信每一个小小的努力都很重要。(count)
9.当我们都采取积极措施,我们就可以在为子孙后代保护我们的环境方面发挥作用。(preserve)
[句式升级]
1.将第4句和第5句用定语从句进行改写升级。
2.将第6句用非谓语动词进行改写升级。
3.将第9句用only引起的倒装进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
　　要求:请根据P117的线训练,再结合括号中的提示完成句式升级,并续写后续内容,使故事情节更加完整。
Emily’s fingertip paused for three seconds,and then she pressed down the button gently—the song began to play.①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(as引导时间状语从句), Emily had a lump in her throat. She held back her tears at first, but soon her vision was blurred with tears. ②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (when引导时间状语从句), she burst into tears, ③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(独立主格结构). Tears streamed down her cheeks, ④　　　　　　　　　　　　(独立主格结构). She clutched the picture to her chest, ⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　(独立主格结构). ⑥　
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.target 　　　　v.把……作为目标 n.目标,靶子 2.attitude n.(尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般)看法,态度 3.ocean n.海洋,大海 4.highlight v.使……突出,使注意力集中于 n.亮点,最引人注目的部分 5.reserve n.(野生生物)保护区 v.预订,预约;保留 6.staff n.员工,全体职员 7.establish v.建立,设立 8.damage v.破损,损害,损伤 n.(有形的)损坏,破坏,损失 9.flood n.洪水,水灾 v.淹没 10.affect v.影响 11.supply n.(煤气、电力、自来水等)供应(系统) v.供应,提供 12.adopt 　　　　v.采取(某种方法);采取(某态度);收养 13.sustainable adj.可持续的,不破坏环境的 14.carbon n.碳 15.greenhouse n.温室,暖房 16.brochure n.小册子 17.solar adj.利用太阳光(能)的 18.release v.& n.释放,排放;发布,发行 19.lecture n.(尤指大学里的)讲座,讲课,演讲;教训 20.false adj.不正确的,错误的 21.amount n.数量,数额 22.device n.设备,仪器,装置 23.campaign n.(宣传)活动;运动;战役 24.average adj.平均(数)的;普通的 n.平均数
阅 读 词 汇 1.shark 　　　n.鲨(鱼) 2.fin v.切去(鱼的)鳍 n.鱼鳍 3.dive v.(通常指使用呼吸设备的)潜水 4.drought n.旱灾,干旱 5.bulb n.灯泡 6.renewable adj.(能源)可更新的,可再生的,可恢复的 7.reusable adj.可再度使用的,可多次使用的 8.smog n.烟雾,雾霾 9.slide n.幻灯片 v.(使)滑行,滑动 10.stand-by 　　　　adj.备用的 11.mode n.(机器、设备的)运行方式,状态,模式 12.leak v.(使)漏,(使)渗漏 13.appliance n.家用电器,家用器具 14.plug n.(电)插头 v.接通(电源);把(插头)插进(插座) 15.litre n.升,公升 16.canteen n.(工厂、学校等的)食堂,餐厅
拓 展 词 汇 1.scare v.使(某人)惊恐,吓唬→scared adj.惊恐的,害怕的→scary adj.恐怖的,吓人的 2.fortunately adv.幸运地→(反义词)unfortunately adv.不幸地→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortune n.财富;命运;运气→(反义词)misfortune n.不幸;灾祸, 灾难 3.extinction n.灭绝,绝种→extinct adj.灭绝的,绝种的→extinctive adj.使消 灭的 4.devote v.致力,献身,倾注→devotion n.挚爱;忠诚;奉献→devoted adj.挚爱的;忠诚的;敬业的;全身心投入的 5.cruelty n.残忍,残酷,残暴→cruel adj.残酷的,残忍的→cruelly adv.残酷地,残忍地 6.hunting n.打猎,狩猎→hunt v.打猎,狩猎→hunter n.猎人 7.presentation n.报告,(观点的)陈述,说明→present v.提出;授予;呈现 adj.当前的;在场的 n.目前;礼物 8.restore v.使恢复,使复原→restoration n.(对艺术品、建筑等的)修复;恢复→restored adj. 精力充沛的;精力恢复的 9.reduce v.减少,降低→reduction n.减少;下降 10.fog n.雾→foggy adj.有雾的 11.severe adj.(问题、伤势、疾病等)很严重的→severely adv.严重地,严厉地 12.infection n.感染,传染病→infect v.传染;使感染→infected adj.感染病菌的;带菌的→infectious adj.传染的,传染性的 13.permission n.允许,许可→permit v.许可,准许 n.许可证 14.majority n.多数,大多数(人或物)→major adj.主要的;多数的 v.主修 n.专业→(反义词)minority n.少数民族;少数派→minor adj.少数的;较小的,次要的 15.electricity n.电→electric adj.电的;用电的→electrical adj.与电有关的;用电的 16.remove v.移走,搬走,去掉→removal n.免职;移动;清除;搬迁 17.urge v.竭力主张,强烈要求,敦促→urgent adj.紧急的,迫切的→urgently adv.迫切地,紧急地,急切地→urgency n.紧急,紧迫性 18.concerned adj.焦急的,担忧的→concern n.关心,担心→concerning prep.关于 19.contribute v.促成,造成(某事发生);发表意见→contribution n.贡献;捐赠;奉献;投稿→contributor n.贡献者;捐款者;撰稿人
重 点 词 块 1.in fear　　　 　　　害怕地 2.be scared/frightened/afraid of 害怕 3.due to 由于,因为 4.cut off 切断;中断 5.have a(n)... effect on/upon 对……有……影响 6.see...as 把……看作 7.by mistake 错误地 8.take steps to...　　　采取措施 9.up to 多达;直到;在于……; 胜任 10.in some cases 在一些情况下 11.take...into account 把……考虑进去 12.common sense 常识 13.depend on 取决于;依赖,依靠 14.call on 呼吁,号召;拜访,探访
重 点 句 型 1.我们看到一个女人夜晚在漆黑的海水里游泳。(see+宾语+宾语补足语) We see a woman swimming at night in a dark sea. 2.电影《大白鲨》大获成功,吸引了大量观众并赢得了众多奖项。(现在分词短语作结果状语) Jaws was a great success, attracting huge audiences and winning many awards. 3.幸运的是,并非每个看过《大白鲨》这部电影的人都变得害怕鲨鱼……(部分否定) Fortunately,not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks... 4.然而,生产纸袋的耗能为塑料袋的四倍,耗水则多达三倍。(倍数表达法) However, making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water. 5.相比于运输,食物的生产过程才是消耗大部分能源及产生大部分温室气体的原因。(强调句型) It is the production of food, not its transport, that uses most of the energy and produces most of the greenhouse gases.
动词变名词的后缀“-ption”集锦:
①consume→consumption消耗;消耗量　　　②absorb→absorption吸收;专注;全神贯注
③describe→description描述,说明 ④assume→assumption假定,假设
⑤adopt→adoption采用;收养 ⑥interrupt→interruption中断;打扰
⑦subscribe→subscription订阅;订金 ⑧prescribe→prescription处方;指示
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Naturally,I was tempted to let it slide,but in the end I knew it was up to me (在于我). 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷) It’s estimated that the global demand for electricity (electric) could more than double by 2050.Fortunately (fortunate),analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Such an inviting column, adopting (adopt) a “description and guess” approach, must expose everyone to others’ characteristics, thus strengthening mutual understanding. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷) We hope to present(present) the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context... 5.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Although these campaigns (运动) were widespread,the reality is that the majority (major) of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. 6.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)One long-term option for sustainable (可持续的) fuel for planes is to make hydrocarbons from recycled air. 7.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)“If you’re scared (scare) about something and thinking only about that,there’s no way you’re going to be able to learn,” Ho says. 8.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)志愿服务对儿童和青少年具有终身的影响。 Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers. 9.(2025·浙江1月卷)If the information you’re communicating isn’t urgent (urge),consider sending an email. 10.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)We’ll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive (侵入的) plant removal (remove),winter planting,and seed collection. 11.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission (permit) to participate. 12.(2024·浙江1月卷)Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning(concern) their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. 13.(2024·北京卷)Unfortunately (不幸地), this is not a scientific question. 14.(2024·北京卷)Typically,cruelty (cruel) and cheating are discouraged, while cooperation, humbleness and courage are praised. 15.(2024·北京卷)慢下来能够极大地促进个人成长。 Slowing down can contribute significantly to personal growth. 16.(2024·天津3月卷) She said a famous professor was going to give a lecture (作演讲) about the poet, and a presentation (present) of that poem would be a fresh way to start. 17.(2024·天津3月卷) Ms. Young has also devoted herself to supporting (致力于支持) the restaurants in Chinatown. 18.(2024·天津3月卷)Human impact on the animal kingdom, such as hunting (hunt) and destruction of habitats, has caused a reduction(reduce) in the population of certain species in the past three decades. 19.(2023·全国乙卷)I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to (因为)being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment. 20.(2022·新课标Ⅰ卷)如果您能考虑我的邀请,我将不胜感激。 I’d appreciate it if you could take my invitation into account. 21.(2022·天津6月卷)Managing money is a critical life skill, and for many,it is at college that they develop it for the first time. (分析:画线句使用了强调句型)
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.scare v.使(某人)惊恐,吓唬 n.惊恐,恐慌,恐惧
①(2025·北京卷) When Nick runs ahead, I hear him barking excitedly. I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone scared (scare).
②She was scared to dive (dive) into the deep water because there were many dangerous creatures.
③[心理描写] 当我看到有人在黑暗中慢慢朝我走来时,我怕得要死。
I was scared to death when I saw someone walking slowly towards me in the dark.
④[环境描写] 夜晚回家的路上,突然响起的雷声把我吓了一跳。暴雨中,我害怕继续走完剩下的路。漆黑的街道显得很可怕,直到我看见我的家就在前方。
The sudden clap of thunder scared me as I was walking home at night.I was scared of continuing the rest of the way in the heavy rain. The dark street seemed very scary until I spotted my home just ahead.
2.devote v.致力,献身,倾注
①(2022·全国甲卷) All in all, it is high time that we devoted ourselves to protecting (protect) the ocean.
②[告知信] Devoted (devote) to promoting environmental protection, the organisation has launched dozens of campaigns this year.
③It is your devotion (devote), diligence and determination that leads to your success.
④[社区生活] I devoted myself to community activities and was praised by the people around.
→Devoting myself to community activities,I was praised by the people around.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
→Devoted to community activities,I was praised by the people around.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
3.affect v.影响;(感情上)打动;(疾病)侵袭;使感染
①(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting (affect) the entire world,it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots.
②[倡议书] We need to pay special attention to the wildlife affected (affect) by habitat loss, which is crucial for their survival.
③[感谢信] Affected (affect) by your inspiring speech, many students decided to join the volunteer programme.
④我深爱着我的母亲,她的言行对我有着积极的影响。
I have a great affection for my mum,whose words and actions have a positive effect on me.
4.concerned adj.焦急的,担忧的;关注的;感兴趣的
[自然环境] 环境保护已成为全球关注的焦点。这是每个人都关切的重大问题。如今,越来越多的人开始关注环境,关于环境保护的全球会议定期召开。在我看来,不久的将来我们将拥有一片更蓝的天空。
Environmental protection has become a global concern.It is a major issue that each individual is concerned with. Now more and more people are concerned about the environment, and global conferences concerning environmental protection are held regularly. As far as I am concerned, we will have a bluer sky in the near future.
5.take...into account 把……考虑进去
①Teachers should account for (解释) the reasons why group discussions account for (占) a quarter of the class time.
②[通知] The school decided to cancel the outdoor activities on account of (由于) the sudden drop in temperature and strong wind.
③On no account should teenagers spend (青少年决不应该花费) too much time on social media, as it may affect their studies and harm their mental health.
④The teacher asked each student to give an account of (描述) their summer vacation experiences in front of the class.
6.形容词短语作状语
[教材原句] Some people stopped swimming in the sea,afraid of the horrible creature from the film.
有些人因为害怕遇到电影里描述的这种可怕生物再也不去海里游泳了。
①[心理描写] For a moment I just stood there and saw the deep water, nervous and frightened(frighten).
②[心理描写] Scared (scare) of failing to find the way to the farm, I sat beside a tree and held my shoulders in my arms tightly.
③[邀请信] 很高兴得知你对中国画感兴趣,我写信诚挚地邀请你参观我们学校正在举办的
展览。
Glad/Delighted to know that you are interested in Chinese paintings,I am writing to sincerely invite you to visit the exhibition being hosted in our school.
7.倍数表达法
[教材原句] However,making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water.
然而,生产纸袋的耗能为塑料袋的四倍,耗水则多达三倍。
①为了给学生们提供更好的阅读空间,新修建的图书馆是原来的三倍大。
→In order to provide students with better reading space,the newly-built library is three times bigger than the previous one.
→In order to provide students with better reading space,the newly-built library is three times as large as the previous one.
→In order to provide students with better reading space,the newly-built library is three times the size of the previous one.
②[介绍信] 这所学校现在的学生人数是十年前的三倍。
The number of students in this school is now three times what it was a decade ago.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] Many people ①who saw the film started to believe ②that sharks were bad animals ③that ate humans.
尝试分析:此句为复合句。主句为“主+谓+宾”结构,其中①是who引导的定语从句,修饰先行词Many people;②是that引导的宾语从句,作believe的宾语,其中③是that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词bad animals。
自主翻译:许多看过电影的人开始相信,鲨鱼是吃人的有害动物。
情境仿写:那些读过这篇文章的年轻人开始意识到,体育运动是能够强健体魄的有益活动。
Young people who read the article started to realise that sports are beneficial activities that could strengthen their bodies.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.due
A.adj.预期的,预计的　　 B.adj.由于,因为
C.adj.归功于;应给的　 D.adj.到期的
E.adj.适当的,合适的
①(2025·浙江1月卷)Loan periods are established by the lending library.All due dates are noted on the label.　D　
②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Due to a big storm,my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half.
　B　
③Either you or one of your students is to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. 　A　
④We need to find a due place for the reading club where members can focus without distractions
　E　
⑤Much of the team’s success is due to the coach’s wise guidance and strict training.　C　
2.average
A.adj.平均(数)的　　B.adj.普通的 C.n.平均数　D.n.平均水平　E.v.平均为
①(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1,000 in revenue (收入)...　B　
②(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases,the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.　C　
③(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)When enough of these errors are averaged together,they cancel each other out,resulting in a more accurate estimate.　E　
④(2023·全国甲卷)The average spend per project will be around ￡823.　A　
⑤Her performance in the competition was far beyond the average of other participants.　D　
3.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·浙江1月卷)This platform is not only reserved for professional cooks,but also for those willing to discover new experiences.v.保留
②(2024·浙江1月卷)Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards.v.参与;发表意见
③(2024·浙江1月卷)It is so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result.v.忽视
④(2024·北京卷)To begin with, talk about China’s economic growth and technological advancements, which are the highlights in the past few decades.n.亮点,最引人注目的部分
⑤(2024·天津3月卷)A devoted teacher might also wish to refresh his closeness to a work, and thus avoid teaching through the same old written notes with soporific (让人瞌睡的) effects.adj.敬业的,全身心投入的
⑥(2022·北京卷)Systems thinking is crucial to achieving targets such as zero hunger and better nutrition. n.目标
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Inside the office,they encourage recycling and waste reduction (reduce) by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic.
2.(2024·北京卷)Once a pair has been determined to be suitable, the students will be contacted individually with a special permission (permit) number to register for the programme.
3.(2024·全国甲卷)However, when a cat is looking for affection(affect), they tend to produce stretched and soft meows.
4.(2022·新课标Ⅰ卷)Covering an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
5.(2022·浙江6月卷)As the line of people came towards me, I got a little scared (scare).
6.It is urged that we should finish the work in such a short and urgent time. (urge)
7.The majority (major) of them take an online language test before starting their programme.
8.Every year I devote much time to travelling(travel)around the world, enjoying dramatic landscapes.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 倡议书—人与环境—保护环境,从我做起
　　保护环境是每一个人的责任,身为学生,我们应该从自己做起,从身边做起,为环境保护做贡献。请你代表校学生会写一份倡议书,内容包括:
1.你为环境保护做了什么;
2.你的感受和收获;
3.号召大家保护环境。
[场景演练]
1.保护环境是每一个人的责任,身为学生,我们应该从自己做起。(it is one’s responsibility to do)
It is everyone’s responsibility to protect the environment, and as students, we should start from ourselves.
2.我在日常生活中通过采取一些小举措,积极参与环境保护。(be involved in)
I have been actively involved in environmental protection by taking some small measures in my daily life.
3.首先,我减少使用一次性塑料制品,选择可重复使用的替代品,如水瓶和购物袋。(reduce;reusable)
Firstly,I reduce the use of disposable plastic products and choose reusable alternatives like water bottles and shopping bags.
4.而且,我经常参加当地的清理活动。(participate)
Moreover,I often participate in local clean-up activities.
5.这些活动旨在使我的社区保持清洁,没有垃圾。(aim)
These activities aim to keep my community clean and litter-free.
6.我感受到一种对地球的满足感和责任感。我努力为环境保护做出贡献。(contribute)
I feel a sense of fulfillment and responsibility towards Earth. I try to contribute to environmental protection.
7.看到我的行动的积极影响,比如更清洁的环境和提高同龄人的意识,激励我继续做出环保的选择。(impact)
Seeing the positive impact of my actions, such as cleaner surroundings and raising awareness among peers, encourages me to continue making eco-friendly choices.
8.我相信每一个小小的努力都很重要。(count)
I believe that every small effort counts.
9.当我们都采取积极措施,我们就可以在为子孙后代保护我们的环境方面发挥作用。(preserve)
When we all take active measures,we can make a difference in preserving our environment for future generations.
[句式升级]
1.将第4句和第5句用定语从句进行改写升级。
Moreover,I often participate in local clean-up activities, which aim to keep my community clean and litter-free.
2.将第6句用非谓语动词进行改写升级。
Feeling a sense of fulfillment and responsibility towards Earth, I try to contribute to environmental protection.
3.将第9句用only引起的倒装进行改写升级。
Only when we all take active measures can we make a difference in preserving our environment for future generations.
[连句成篇]
Dear fellow students,
It is everyone’s responsibility to protect the environment, and as students, we should start from ourselves.
I have been actively involved in environmental protection by taking some small measures in my daily life. Firstly, I reduce the use of disposable plastic products and choose reusable alternatives like water bottles and shopping bags. Moreover, I often participate in local clean-up activities, which aim to keep my community clean and litter-free. Feeling a sense of fulfillment and responsibility towards Earth, I try to contribute to environmental protection.Seeing the positive impact of my actions, such as cleaner surroundings and raising awareness among peers, encourages me to continue making eco-friendly choices.
I believe that every small effort counts.Only when we all take active measures can we make a difference in preserving our environment for future generations.
The Students’ Union
　　要求:请根据P87的线训练,再结合括号中的提示完成句式升级,并续写后续内容,使故事情节更加完整。
Emily’s fingertip paused for three seconds,and then she pressed down the button gently—the song began to play.①As the final note of the song faded away(as引导时间状语从句), Emily had a lump in her throat. She held back her tears at first, but soon her vision was blurred with tears. ②When Emily saw her mother’s smiling photo (when引导时间状语从句), she burst into tears, ③her watery eyes turning red from crying(独立主格结构). Tears streamed down her cheeks, ④memories flooding her mind(独立主格结构). She clutched the picture to her chest, ⑤her shoulders shaking with silent cries(独立主格结构). ⑥Outside the window, a breeze picked up, carrying the faint scent of jasmine—her mother’s favourite. It felt like a gentle caress, and for a moment, Emily thought she heard a soft whisper in her ear,“I’m always here.”
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　　　　n.目的地,终点 2.　　　　 n.美术馆,画廊 3.　　　　 v.离开(工作岗位、学校等); 离任;放弃 4.　　　　 n.路线 5.　　　　 prep.在(船、飞机、火车)上 6.　　　　　　v.在……徒步旅行,远足 7.　　　　 n.连锁店,连锁集团;供应链;链条 8.　　　　 n.行李 9.　　　　 n.赊购,信贷;信誉;学分 10.　　　　 n.交通工具,车辆 11.　　　　 n.鹿
阅 读 词 汇 1.indigenous　　　adj.　　　　　　　 2.kangaroo n.　　　　　　　 3.crocodile n.　　　　　　　 4.quest n.　　　　　　　 5.landscape n.　　　　　　　 6.volcano n.　　　　　　　 7.embassy n.　　　　　　　 8.visa n.　　　　　　　 9.transfer　　　n.　　　　　　　 v.　　　　　　　 10.currency n.　　　　　　　 11.souvenir n.　　　　　　　 12.cash n.　　　　　　　 13.café n.　　　　　　　 14.soccer n.　　　　　　　 15.gravy n.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 n.(需要高等教育和训练的)专业,行业;职业,生涯→　　　　 adj.专业的;职业的 n.专业人士;职业选手→　　　　 adv.专业地 2.　　　　 adj.以前的,先前的→　　　　 adv.以前,预先 3.　　　　 adj.激动人心的;给人印象深刻的→　　　　 adv.引人注目地;戏剧地;显著地;剧烈地→　　　　 n.戏剧;戏剧表演;戏剧性情节 4.　　　　 n.航班,班机→　　　　 v.飞,飞行;(时间)飞逝 n.苍蝇 5.　　　　 adj.偏僻的,偏远的→　　　　 adv.远程地;细微地 6.　　　　 v.参与,参加→　　　　 adj.忙碌的;使用中的;已订婚的→　　　　 adj.迷人的,吸引人的→　　　　 n.订婚;约定;(与……的)密切关系 7.　　　　 n.洲,大洲,大陆→　　　　 adj.大陆的,大洲的 8.　　　　 n.大量,许多→　　　　 adj.巨大的;结实的;非常严重的→　　　　 adv.大量地;沉重地;庄严地
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　　　　 决心做 2.　　　　　　　 尤其,特别 3.　　　　　　　 对……产生影响 4.　　　　　　　 谈到……,提及…… 5.　　　　　　　 对……作出评论 6.　　　　　　　 习惯于(做)某事 7.　　　　　　　 随着时间的推移 8.　　　　　　　　　　　让某人意识到 9.　　　　　　　 迫不及待地做某事 10.　　　　　　　 方向感 11.　　　　　　　 使……高兴 12.　　　　　　　 保持联系 13.　　　　　　　 大量的
重 点 句 型 1.我通过照片影响他人,尤其是涉及环境问题的时候。(when it comes to) I use my photography to make an impact on people,especially 　　　　　　　　 environmental issues. 2.它可以随时带我们去想去的任何地方。(where引导地点状语从句) It took us 　　　　　　　　,when we wanted. 3.我刚睡着,忽然听到爸爸的手机响了。(had done...when...) 　　　　　　　　,　　　　 I heard Dad’s phone ringing. 4.毫无疑问,贝尔尼纳快车对于那些想要回归自然的旅行者来说是一趟旅程……(There is no doubt that...) 　　　　　　　　　　 the Bernina Express is a journey for travellers who want to get back to nature...
动词变名词的后缀“-ation”集锦:
①inspire→inspiration 灵感　　　　　　　　　 ②adapt→adaptation 适应;改编
③recommend→recommendation 推荐(信),介绍 ④combine→combination 结合;联合体
⑤apply→application 应用;申请 ⑥admire→admiration 钦佩;赞赏
⑦consider→consideration 仔细考虑;深思 ⑧imagine→imagination 想象力;想象
⑨invite→invitation 邀请;请柬 ⑩expect→expectation 期待;期望
1.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)She 　　　　 (previous) explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise...the goal is to feel good,not look good.” 2.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant 　　　　　　　　 (在我住的地方),thanks to the absence of smog and plenty of blue sky afternoons with lots of fresh air. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Determined 　　　　 (turn) her life around,Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a healthy lifestyle... 4.(2025·浙江1月卷)This platform is not only reserved for 　　　　 (profession) cooks,but also for those willing to discover new experiences. 5.(2025·北京卷)When travelling,we engage 　　　　 cultures and experiences. 6.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Due to a big storm,my 　　　　 (fly) had been delayed by an hour and a half.
7.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)We became good friends and 　　　　　　　　　　 (和……保持联系) each other regularly. 8.(2024· 新课标Ⅱ卷)We all know fresh is best 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (涉及食物的时候). 9.(2023·全国甲卷)In the Digital Age,　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我们习惯了拥有) what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. 10.(2023·北京卷)I found myself working with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data from the desert 　　　　 (remote). 11.(2023·浙江1月卷)Habitat loss,pesticide use,and climate change have caused 　　　　 (drama) declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades... 12.(2023·浙江1月卷)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (尤其是在夏天),the air conditioning can make them quite cold. 13.(2022·全国甲卷)In the last five years,Cao has walked through 34 countries in six 　　　　 (continent)...
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.engage v.参与,参加;吸引;雇用;使订婚
①(2025·浙江1月卷)Your audience will naturally be more interested and 　　　　 (engage) when you tailor your communications to their interests.
②(2024·浙江1月卷)In the course of a couple of hours,he showed me just how much one can gain from travelling with an open mind,and a willingness to engage 　　　　 locals from all walks of life.
③Mary was engaged 　　　　 Tom,and their 　　　　 (engage) surprised all their friends and relatives.
④[建议信] 虽然忙于学习,但你也应该留出一些时间参加户外活动,如远足和滑雪。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, you should set aside some time to get involved in outdoor activities such as hiking and skiing.
2.mass n.大量,许多;团,块,堆;群众 adj.大量的,大规模的
①Our school library has a 　　　　 (mass) collection of over 50,000 books,ranging from classics to modern research.
②[情绪描写] 天空中乌云密布,他感到一丝忧虑。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,and he felt a little bit worried.
③(2023·全国甲卷)中国有许多伟大的历史人物,其中我最感兴趣的是孔子,他是一位哲学家、政治家和教育家。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,one of whom I am most interested in is Confucius,a philosopher,politician and educator.
a mass of/masses of+
3.make a comment about/on 对……作出评论
①(2023·浙江1月卷)A few days later,I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries,and my dad commented 　　　　 how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere.
②He makes comments 　　　　 the importance of developing good study habits early in junior middle school.
③许多专家评论说,均衡的饮食和锻炼对保持健康至关重要。
4.There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问……(that引导同位语从句)
[教材原句] There is no doubt that the Bernina Express is a journey for travellers who want to get back to nature...
毫无疑问,贝尔尼纳快车对于那些想要回归自然的旅行者来说是一趟旅程……
①　　　　　　　　　　　　 (毫无疑问) he will succeed this time for he has made enough preparations.
②　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我确信) the memory of his daughter’s laughter,echoing in his mind,will give him the strength to climb one more step,then another.
③　　　　　　　　 (我毫不怀疑) with her determination,she will overcome all the difficulties in the upcoming competition and achieve an excellent result.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] ①When I post the picture online,I will make a comment about ②how bad it is to feed wild crocodiles.
尝试分析:此句为主从复合句。①是when引导的　　　　从句,主句为“　　　　　　”结构,其中②是“how+adj.”形式的　　　　作　　　　从句,语序为　　　　语序。
自主翻译:
情境仿写:当这个小女孩看到毛茸茸的小狗来迎接她时,她不知道自己是多么高兴。
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Food waste is a growing concern in the restaurant,supermarket,and supply chain industries.　　　　　　　
②(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI—the technology companies and world leaders—so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it.　　　　　　　
③(2024·新课标 Ⅱ 卷)With environmentalist anna Lamhna as the guide,this walk promises to be an informative tour.　　　　　　　
④(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Although the two young women were strangers before the meet,they’ve since become friends.　　　　　　　
⑤(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)What did the horse think,as he sped through the night Did he get tired Have doubts Did he want to quit 　　　　　　　
⑥(2023·全国乙卷)Barry retired in 1859,having practised her entire medical profession living and working as a man.　　　　　　　
⑦(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)But I imagine that,while money is indeed wonderful and necessary,rereading an author’s work is the highest currency a reader can pay them.　　　　　　　
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
To earn enough credits① for graduation,Lily has been balancing tough courses and group projects.When her team won the debate contest,she was quick to credit② their success to everyone’s late-night preparations—never keeping the credit③ to herself.Her good credit④ with teachers earned her the opportunity to organise this School Art and Cultural Festival.
为了攒够毕业所需的①　　　　,莉莉一直努力兼顾高难度课程和小组作业。当她的团队赢得辩论赛时,她立刻将胜利②　　　　大家的熬夜备赛,而非独揽 ③　　　　。她在老师那里的良好④　　　　使她赢得组织本次校园文化艺术节的机会。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·浙江1月卷)With human inputs 　　　　 (dramatic) reduced,the garden’s ecology can develop well.
2.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Audio (音频) and video can feel more 　　　　 (engage) than text,and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies...
3.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Campbell has more than two decades’ 　　　　 (profession) experience translating the heady into the understandable.
4.(2022·新课标Ⅰ卷)The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were
　　　　 (previous) unprotected.
5.There is no doubt 　　　　 the sports events can not only enrich our school life,but also make us stronger.
6.The quickest way to find happiness is to quit 　　　　 (complain).
7.Many people are aware 　　　　 the benefits of physical activities on their general health.
8.When it comes 　　　　 English learning,I think reading English novels is definitely useful.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 推荐信—地理概况—到杭州旅游
假设你是李华,你的外国朋友Emma 想来中国旅游,请你写信推荐一个景点。内容包括:地理位置、景点特色、景点文化内涵等。
[场景演练]
1.鉴于你对中国文化的无尽的热情和好奇心,我诚挚地写信向你分享我的建议。杭州无疑是令人向往的目的地之一。(destination)
2.正如一句广为流传的中国俗语所说:“上有天堂,下有苏杭。”(on earth)
3.杭州位于中国东部,以其风景如画、历史悠久闻名于世,其历史可以追溯到2 000多年前。(landscape)
4.它如同一朵盛开的花,以令人印象深刻的美丽和多元化赢得那些欣赏它的人的心。(dramatic)
5.除此之外,杭州美食也是一绝,四季皆有不同。(vary with)
6.总之,在杭州你可以与来自其他国家的人们交流互动。(engage)
7.杭州不仅可以让你沉迷于它的美,还将提供一个宝贵的机会来开阔你的视野。(not only...but also...)
[句式升级]
1.将第3句用非谓语动词进行改写升级。
2.将第7句用not only 置于句首引起的倒装进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
　　歌曲的最后一个音符渐渐消失了。艾米丽哽咽了。起初她还强忍住泪水,但很快视线就被泪水模糊。艾米丽看到母亲微笑的照片,她突然放声大哭。她眼泪汪汪的双眼哭得通红。泪水从脸颊滑落,回忆如潮水般涌上心头。她把照片紧紧按在胸口,她的肩膀因无声的哭泣而颤抖。
The final note of the song faded away.Emily ①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
She ②　　　　　　　　　　 at first,but soon her vision ③　　　　　　　　　　.
Emily saw her mother’s smiling photo,and she ④　　　　　 　　　.
⑤　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　.
⑥　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　 as memories flooded her mind.
She clutched the picture to her chest,and her shoulders shook with silent cries.
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　　　　n.方面,层面 2.　　　　 n.版本;(从不同角度的)说法,描述 3.　　　　 adj.难以置信的 4.　　　　 v.拍(手),鼓(掌) 5.　　　　 n.边缘,边 v.徐徐移动 6.　　　　 v.控制(感情),克服(困难) 7.　　　　　　　n.(书、电影、戏剧的)情节 8.　　　　 n.交通运输系统,运输方式 9.　　　　 adj.短暂的;简洁的 10.　　　　 v.(从危险或糟糕的处境中) 逃离,逃避,摆脱;避开,躲避 11.　　　　 n.程度,范围 12.　　　　 adj.原先的,最初的;原创的 13.　　　　 adj.紧张的;不舒适的;尴尬的
阅 读 词 汇 1.opera　　　　　n.　　　　　　　 2.revenge n.　　　　　　　 3.prince n.　　　　　　　 4.string n.　　　　　　　 5.exaggerated adj.　　　　　　　 6.mime n.　　　　　　　 7.whip n.　　　　　　　 8.backflip n.　　　　　　　 9.dazzling adj.　　　　　　　 10.grief n.　　　　　　　 11.ballet　　　　n.　　　　　　　 12.comedy n.　　　　　　　 13.documentary n.　　　　　　　 14.episode n.　　　　　　　 15.cinematic adj.　　　　　　　 16.turkey n.　　　　　　　 17.storytelling n.　　　　　　　 18.wonderland n.　　　　　　　 19.epic adj.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 n.运动,动作→　　　　 v.移动,搬动→　　　　 adj.移动的;动人的→　　　　 adj.受感动的 2.　　　　 adj.女(性)的,雌(性)的→　　　　 adj.男(性)的,雄(性)的 3.　　　　 n.技巧,手法→　　　　 adj.技术的,工艺的→　　　　 adv.技术上,在专业上 →　　　　 n.技术员,技师,技巧精湛者 4.　　　　 v.使改观,使变形,使转化→　　　　 n.改观,(彻底的)变化,转变 5.　　　　 n.宇宙,天地,万物→　　　　 adj.全世界的,宇宙的;普遍的→　　　　 adv.普遍地;全体地 6.　　　　 adj.精力充沛的,充满活力的→　　　　 adv.精力充沛地,充满活力地→　　　　 n.精力,活力;力量;能量 7.　　　　 n.强烈的情感→　　　　 adj.情感的;情绪激动的→　　　　 adv.感情上;冲动地 8.　　　　 n.愤怒,怒火→　　　　 adj.生气的,愤怒的,狂暴的→　　　　 adv.生气地,愤怒地
拓 展 词 汇 9.　　　　 v.(使)结合,(使)组合→　　　　 n.结合;联合体→　　　　 adj.联合的;结合的;共同的 10.　　　　 n.诗,诗歌→　　　　 n.诗人→　　　　 n.诗 11.　　　　 adj.爆炸(式)的,爆发的→　　　　 v.爆炸,爆发;勃然(大怒)→　　　　 n.爆炸,爆发 12.　　　　 v.(为……)鼓掌;称赞,赞赏→　　　　 n.鼓掌,掌声,喝彩 13.　　　　 adj.感谢的,感激的→　　　　 n.感激,感谢→　　　　 adv.感激地,感谢地 14.　　　　 adv.极度,极其→　　　　 adj.极度的,极端的 15.　　　　 adj.专心致志的→　　　　 v.吸收;理解→　　　　 n.吸收;并入;专注→　　　　 adj.十分吸引人的;引人入胜的;精彩的 16.　　　　 adj.浪漫的→　　　　 adv.浪漫地→　　　　 n.浪漫 17.　　　　 adv.完全地,绝对地→　　　　 adj.完全的,绝对的 18.　　　　 adj.有吸引力的,有趣的→　　　　 v.呼吁;上诉;恳求 n.上诉;吸引力;恳求 19.　　　　 adv.确切地,肯定地→ 　　　　 adj.确切的,肯定的 20.　　　　 adj.粗鲁的,无礼的→ 　　　　 adv.粗鲁地,无礼地→ 　　　　 n.粗鲁,无礼 21.　　　　 n.安排,筹划→　　　　 v.安排;布置,整理 22.　　　　 adj.失望的,沮丧的→ 　　　　 adj.令人失望的→　　　　 v.使失望,使沮丧→　　　　 n.失望,沮丧 23.　　　　 adj.虚构的,编造的,小说(中)的→　　　　 n.小说;虚构的事;编造 24.　　　　 v.表现→　　　　 n.行为;表现;举止 25.　　　　 adj.正常的,平常的→ 　　　　 adv.正常地,平常地→(反义词)　　　　 adj.反常的,异常的 26.　　　　 n.责任→　　　　 adj.有责任心的;有责任;作为原因;成为起因→　　　　 adv.明事理地,认真负责地 27.　　　　 n.缺乏,没有→　　　　 adj.缺席的,不在场的;心不在焉的
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　 　　充满自信 2.　　　　　　　　 追溯到;从……开始 3.　　　　　　　　 以……开始 4.　　　　　　　　 解释清楚,传达 5.　　　　　　　　 把……转化成…… 6.　　　　　　　　 极为激动 7.　　　　　　　　 把……与……结合,兼具 8.　　　　　　　　 事情发展如人所愿,一切顺利 9.　　　　　　　　 表演(节目),上演;增加;涂抹;穿上,戴上;播放 10.　　　　　　　　　　以……为基础 11.　　　　　　　　 时常,经常是 12.　　　　　　　　 导致,造成;结果是 13.　　　　　　　　 从……逃脱,逃避…… 14.　　　　　　　　 符合(标准),不负(盛名) 15.　　　　　　　　 在某种程度上 16.　　　　　　　　 把……放在心上 17.　　　　　　　　 凭借自身,靠自己 18.　　　　　　　　 转向;求助于 19.　　　　　　　　 把(目光、注意力等)固定在……上
重 点 句 型 1.这是否意味着京剧比莎士比亚的戏剧更好懂呢 (it作形式主语) Does this mean 　　　　　　 than a Shakespeare play 　　　　　　　　 2.那些唱腔听起来非常独特——有的女声音调之高,我觉得都能震碎玻璃了!(so...that...引导结果状语从句) The voices themselves sounded really unique—some of the female voices were 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　! 3.若是这样,那为什么西方最早也是最优秀的叙事文本之一——荷马的《奥德赛》——从来没有产 生过同样优秀的改编电影呢 (if so条件状语从句的省略) 　　　　,why has one of the earliest and greatest works in Western storytelling,Homer’s The Odyssey,never had an equally great movie based on it 4.也许有一天,F.斯科特·菲茨杰拉德最杰出作品的读者们,会发现自己已被《了不起的盖茨比》的剧集深深吸引。(find+宾语+宾语补足语) Perhaps,one day,readers of F.Scott Fitzgerald’s most admired work will 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 their screens by episodes of The Great Gatsby.
动词变名词的后缀“-ion/-tion” 集锦:
①contribute→contribution 贡献;投稿　②attract→attraction 吸引
③satisfy→satisfaction 满意;满足 ④construct→construction 建筑,建造
⑤addict→addiction 入迷;上瘾 ⑥relate→relation 关系
⑦connect→connection 连接,联系 ⑧interact→interaction 互动
⑨intend→intention 打算;意图 ⑩suggest→suggestion 建议,提议
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Moving goods and people around the world is 　　　　 (作为原因;成为起因) for a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放). 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)One evening,I picked up the phone and left him a voice message,apologising for my 　　　　 (behave) and asking if we could meet. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)It should be noted that none of the items on wastED’s menu was 　　　　 (technical) made from garbage. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)随着时间的推移,我发现自己在这里感到极其自在。 Over time,I’ve 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live,thanks to the 　　　　 (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky afternoons with lots of fresh air. 6.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an 　　　　 (explode) in the houseplant industry. 7.(2025·北京卷)Comparing yourself with someone who is outperforming you could 　　　　　　 (造成) feelings of envy if you...
8.(2025·北京卷)For many years,psychologists saw identity as a 　　　　 (combine) of someone’s values,beliefs,goals and social roles. 9.(2025·北京卷)While raising an adult is a parent’s job,it’s also our 　　　　 (responsible) as a society to ensure that we support schools that nurture (培养) 　　　　 (emotion) and identity development. 10.(2025·浙江1月卷)Kevin sighed (叹息) and hoped something exciting would happen.Suddenly,a 　　　　 (move) outside caught his eye. 11.(2025·浙江1月卷)Compared to traditional garden plots,they increase carbon 　　　　 (absorb),reduce stormwater runoff and boost habitat and biodiversity significantly. 12.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)...but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months.(分析:句中so...that...引导的是　　　　从句) 13.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)He wrote down his phone number and gave it to me.“Just keep your promise,Sir.” 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (一种感激之情涌上我的心头) as I heard his words. 14.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Groups of five or more require special 　　　　 (arrange) and must be confirmed in advance. 15.(2024·北京卷)These 　　　　 (universe) norms far pre-date the concept of any moralising religion or written law. 16.(2024·北京卷)Conflict was often resolved in musical battles.Because arguing 　　　　 (angry) leads to chaos,it was strongly discouraged. 17.(2024·天津3月卷)The organisers had to cancel the outdoor concert due to the sudden thunderstorm,　　　　 (disappoint) many eager fans who had been waiting for hours. 18.(2024·天津3月卷)At 23,I applied for my first job and it was not successful.When I received the rejection email,I felt 　　　　 (disappoint) and angry. 19.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses—　　　　 (absorb) in a volume,deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. 20.(2023·全国甲卷)The menu in this beautiful colonial house includes traditional Thai cuisine 　　　　　　　　 (与……结合) modern cooking methods. 21.(2023·全国甲卷)He makes philosophical thought an 　　　　 (appeal) exercise that improves the quality of our experiences,and he does so with plenty of humour. 22.(2023·北京卷)I have a good habit of going to bed early and getting up early.Therefore,I can study 　　　　 (energetic) every morning.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.grateful adj.感谢的,感激的
①[感谢信] We hold deep 　　　　 (grateful) for all contributors,who have shared their lively stories and unique perspectives with us.
②若您能予以善意考虑,我将不胜感激。

③(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷) 我热泪盈眶,感激地对他说:“我非常感谢你为我做的一切。”
With my eyes brimming with tears,I said to him 　　　　　　　　,“I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 what you have done for me.”
2.absorbed adj.专心致志的
①(2024·新课标 Ⅱ 卷) This 　　　　 (absorb) new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革).
②[动作描写] 　　　　 (absorb) in the breathtaking beauty of the sunset over the lake,she stood motionless,forgetting even to breathe for a moment.
③The audience watched the school art performance with complete 　　　　 (absorb),clapping their hands from time to time.
④She was so absorbed in reading the book that she was not conscious of someone coming in.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 she was not conscious of someone coming in.(倒装句式)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,she was not conscious of someone coming in.(现在分词短语作状语)
3.appealing adj.有吸引力的,有趣的;恳求的
①[心理描写] This episode of the comedy is absolutely the most 　　　　 (appeal) one I have ever watched and I am on the edge of my seat,unable to control my emotions.
②Sport has become an important form of entertainment,appealing 　　　　 both men and women.
③The local charity made an appeal 　　　　 the community 　　　　 donations in order to help families affected by the flood.
4.arrangement n.安排,筹划
①(2023·浙江1月卷) During China’s dynastic period,emperors planned the city of Beijing and
　　　　 (arrange) the residential areas according to social classes.
②[活动报道] Our class arranged a warm welcome party 　　　　 the newcomer to our class.
③[告知信] 我想告知你,我和我的同学已经安排好下周六去附近的养老院进行探望。
I’d like to inform you that my classmates and I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
5.disappointed adj.失望的,沮丧的
①The teacher was disappointed 　　　　 the students for not finishing their homework and disappointed 　　　　 their careless mistakes in the test.
②[情感描写] What 　　　　 me was not the 　　　　 result of the match.It was your
　　　　 look that gave me a strong sense of 　　　　.(disappoint)
③令全队失望的是,他们以一分之差输掉了冠军。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,they lost the championship by just one point.
6.absence n.缺乏,没有;缺席,不在
①(2022·新课标Ⅱ卷) Throughout their no-cost stays in strangers’ homes,they feed pets and water plants
　　　　 the homeowner’s absence.
②I’m writing to explain the reason why I was 　　　　 (absence) from your lecture last time.
③[场景描写] 老师发现他上课时一直盯着窗外,明显心不在焉。
The teacher noticed that he kept staring out the window during class,　　　　　　　　　　.
④[道歉信] 我写信是为了就我缺席英语俱乐部的活动向你道歉。
I am writing to 　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
7.get across 解释清楚,传达
①(2020·浙江7月卷) Each play has a theme or central idea which the playwright (剧作家) hopes to get 　　　　 through dialogue and action.
②We are quite sure that we can get 　　　　 our present difficulties and make great progress in the new year.
③We can’t get 　　　　 the group project unless everyone finishes their part on time.
④Learning to share makes it easier for one to get along well 　　　　 others in work and life.
⑤意识到时间管理的重要性,我决定开始一步步改进自己的学习习惯。
Realising the importance of time management,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
8.“find+宾语+宾语补足语”表示“发现……处于某种状态”
[教材原句] Perhaps,one day,readers of F.Scott Fitzgerald’s most admired work will find themselves glued to their screens by episodes of The Great Gatsby.
也许有一天,F.斯科特·菲茨杰拉德最杰出作品的读者们,会发现自己已被《了不起的盖茨比》的剧集深深吸引。
①[动作描写] Once out of the station,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (他们很高兴地发现妈妈正站在那里),waiting for them.
②[求助信] The students in my class 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (发现记英语单词很难).Could you offer us some practical advice
③[主旨升华] A warm smile from a stranger brightened my day,and 　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　 　　　 (我发现自己充满了感激之情) for the small acts of kindness that can make a significant difference.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] At first,I thought ①what I heard was a violin,but later I learnt ②that it was an
instrument with two strings ③called jinghu.
尝试分析:此句为but连接的　　　　复合句。前一个分句主干为“　　　　　　　　”结构,其中①是省略　　　　的　　　　从句,充当thought的　　　　;在该从句中what I heard为　　　　从句,充当整个从句的　　　　;后一个分句主干为“　　　　　　　　”结构,其中②是 that引导的　　　　从句,作learnt的　　　　,③是过去分词短语作　　　　,修饰　　　　　。
自主翻译:
情境仿写:起初,我认为最让我高兴的是令人满意的结果,但后来我发现是我们一起度过的令人难以忘怀的时光。
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.put on
A.穿上,戴上　　B.涂抹　　C.上演 D.播放 E.增加
①Toothpaste is a thick substance which you put on your toothbrush and use to clean your teeth.　　
②My dad and I put on our new cowboy hats,got on our horses,and headed slowly towards the mountains.　　
③Her balanced diet became a success and she didn’t put on more weight.　　
④The radio station always puts on cheerful songs in the morning.　　
⑤In response to the audience’s great demands,the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week.　　
2.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)It was an awkward moment.I didn’t want Toby to be running around in the house,and my brother wasn’t happy with driving home with a wet dog.　　　　　　　
②(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content,explaining there’s no reason others can’t look this good.She said it was all down to some key aspects.　　　　　　　
③(2025·浙江1月卷)Being clear and brief—while maintaining interest and including everything your listeners need to know—is a high-level communication skill.　　　　　　　
④(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Some are classic short stories,and some are new original works.　　　　　　　
⑤(2024·浙江1月卷)As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day.　　　　　　　
⑥(2024·浙江1月卷)However,while some of her classmates edged ahead,others actually fell behind.　　　　　　　
⑦(2022·全国乙卷)For them,there’s something highly exciting about escaping someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.　　　　　　　
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·北京卷)Social comparisons do,of course,often get us into 　　　　 (emotion) trouble.
2.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)When I got back home,suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as 　　　　 (appeal).
3.(2024·北京卷)At 1:10,there was a line outside the drama room.Everyone looked 　　　　 (energy).
4.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)There,you’ll find them 　　　　 (prepare) differently—more dumpling and less soup—and the wrappers are pressed by hand rather than rolled.
5.(2023·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)With the right 　　　　 (combine) of animals and plants,he figured,maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did.
6.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Taking 　　　　 (responsible) for mistakes is a positive step,but don’t beat yourself up about them.
7.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans,but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is 　　　　 (extreme) important for human well-being.
8.(2023·北京卷)They may apply 　　　　 (universal) to all acts of evolution.
9.Dalian is such an attractive place 　　　　 lots of tourists visit it every year.
10.I ask them to behave 　　　　 (they) even though I am not available at home.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 邀请信—学校生活—校园戏剧节
假设你是某中学学生会主席李华,你校将举办校园戏剧节,请你给外教Charles发一封电子邮件,邀请他前来观看戏剧,体验中国文化。内容主要包括:
1.时间:本周五上午 8:00—12:00,下午 2:00—5:00;
2.地点:学校礼堂;
3.剧目:《大闹天宫》《空城计》等 8 个剧目。
参考词汇:校园戏剧节 Campus Drama Festival;《大闹天宫》Havoc in Heaven;《空城计》The Empty City Strategy
[场景演练]
1.我是学校学生会主席李华。我写信邀请您参加我们的校园戏剧节。(attend)
2.它定于本周五在学校礼堂举行,持续一整天。(be scheduled to do)
3.有八部戏剧于上午8点至12点和下午2点至5点上演。它们由学生执导和表演。(put on)
4.一些中国传统剧目,如《大闹天宫》和《空城计》也被包含在节目中。您会发现自己被它们引人入胜的情节所吸引。(dazzling plot;find oneself glued to)
5.因此,您不仅可以欣赏学生的才华,还可以领略中国文化。(not only...but also...)
6.我衷心希望您能接受邀请,我相信您会玩得很开心。(have fun)
7.我期待着您的来信。(look forward to;hear from)
[句式升级]
1.将第3句用非谓语动词进行改写升级。
2.将第4句用定语从句进行改写升级。
3.将第5句用倒装句进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
cry 哭泣 howl 哭嚎 sob 抽泣 choke 哽咽 weep 流泪,哭泣 misty 泪眼模糊的 watery 眼泪汪汪的 哭 have a lump in one’s throat 哽咽 hold back one’s tears 强忍住泪水 be blurred with tears 泪眼模糊 burst into tears 突然放声大哭 eyes turn red from crying 眼睛哭得通红 tears well up in one’s eyes 热泪盈眶 tears stream down one’s cheeks 泪水从脸颊滑落
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　　　 　　 modal verb 胆敢,敢于 2.　　　　 n.婚礼 3.　　　　 n.种,类 v.把……分类 4.　　　　 adj.极好的,了不起的 5.　　　　 v.聚集,收集,集合 6.　　　　 n.咬;(咬下的)一口 v.咬 7.　　　　 adv.将来会有一天,有朝一日 8.　　　　 n.意见,看法 9.　　　　 v.下载(信息或程序) 10.　　　　 　　　n.日常饮食 11.　　　　 n.指点,建议;小费 12.　　　　 n.风俗,习惯,传统 13.　　　　 n.礼貌,礼仪 14.　　　　 n.盘,碟 15.　　　　 v.& n.侵袭,侵蚀;攻击,进攻 16.　　　　 prep.在……里 17.　　　　 n.生活方式 18.　　　　 v.写博客 n.博客,网络日志
阅 读 词 汇 1.maple　　　　　　n.　　　　　　　 2.pudding n.　　　　　　　 3.snack n.　　　　　　　 4.cuisine n.　　　　　　　 5.spicy adj.　　　　　　　 6.butcher n.　　　　　　　 7.bacon n.　　　　　　　 8.sausage n.　　　　　　　 9.toast n.　　　　　　　 10.butter n.　　　　　　　 11.roast n.　　　　　　　　 adj.　　　　　　　 12.stinky adj.　　　　　　　 13.tofu n.　　　　　　　 14.cheese n.　　　　　　　 15.oolong n.　　　　　　　 16.china　　　　 　n.　　　　　　　 17.tender adj.　　　　　　　 18.steak n.　　　　　　　 19.sauce n.　　　　　　　 20.pizzeria n.　　　　　　　 21.vegetarian adj.　　　　　　　 22.cheesecake n.　　　　　　　 23.acid n.　　　　　　　 24.yoghurt n.　　　　　　　 25.swing v.　　　　　　　 26.honey n.　　　　　　　 27.homemade adj.　　　　　　　 28.chef n.　　　　　　　 29.recipe n.　　　　　　　 30.sour adj.　　　　　　　 31.breast n.　　　　　　　 32.onion n.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 n.婚姻→　　　　 v.结婚;娶;嫁→　　　　 adj.已婚的,有配偶的 2.　　　　 adj.典型的,有代表性的→ 　　　　 adv.典型地,具有代表性地;通常,一般→　　　　 n.类型 v.打字 3.　　　　 v.(身体或精神上)受苦→　　　　 n.痛苦;苦难→　　　　 n.受难者;患者 4.　　　　 adj.糟糕的→　　　　 adv.可怕地;非常地→　　　　 n.恐怖 5.　　　　 n.毒素,毒物,毒药v.毒害;使中毒→　　　　 adj.有毒的 6.　　　　 n.象征,标志→　　　　 adj.象征的,象征性的→　　　　 v.象征,是……的象征;代表 7.　　　　 n.(事物的)功能;作用 vi.起作用;工作;运转→　　　　 adj.实用的;功能的;运转的 8.　　　　 adj.有关系的,相关的→　　　　 v.与……有关,使有联系;叙述→　　　　 n.关系→　　　　 n.关系→　　　　 adj.比较的;相比之下存在(或有)的 n.亲戚 9.　　　　 n.对……着迷的人→　　　　 adj.入迷的;上瘾的→　　　　 n.入迷;嗜好→　　　　 adj.使人入迷的 10.　　　　 n.诀窍,技巧,技法→　　　　 adj.棘手的;狡猾的 11.　　　　 v.不同,不一样,有区别→　　　　 adj.不同的;与众不同的→　　　　 adv.不同地→　　　　 n.不同,差异 12.　　　　 adv.略微,稍微→　　　　 adj.略微的,轻微的 13.　　　　 adv.极端地,非常地;难以置信地→　　　　 adj.难以置信的;不可思议的;极好的;极大的 14.　　　　 adj.苦的,有苦味的;痛苦的→　　　　 adv.伤心地;愤怒地;极其;非常→　　　　 n.苦味;苦难 15.　　　　 n.面包店,糕饼店→　　　　 v.烘,烤,焙→　　　　 n.面包师,糕点师 16.　　　　 adj.似奶油的,软厚平滑的,光滑细软的→　　　　 n.奶油,乳脂 17.　　　　 v.推荐→　　　　 n.推荐(信),介绍 18.　　　　 v.属于→　　　　 n.归属→ 　　　　 n.所有物;财产;财物 19.　　　　 n.建造,建筑→　　　　 adj.建设性的;积极的;有助益的→ 　　　　 vt.建造,建筑→　　　　 v.重建,再建→　　　　 n.重建;改造 20.　　　　 adj.令人高兴的,令人满意的→　　　　 v.使满意,使满足→　　　　 adj.满意的,满足的→　　　　 n.满意,满足 21.　　　　 adj.方便的,便利的→(反义词) 　　　　 adj.不方便的→　　　　 n.不方便→　　　　 adv.方便地,便利地→ 　　　　 n.方便,便利 22.　　　　 v.确定,发现→　　　　 n.鉴定;确定;身份证明(缩写ID);识别→　　　　 n.身份 23.　　　　 adv.原先,最初→　　　　 adj.原始的,最初的 n.原件,原作→　　　　 n.起源,源头→　　　　 v.发源,起源;发端于 24.　　　　 n.排行,排名→　　　　 v.排列,把……分等级n.等级;地位,级别 25.　　　　 n.官员,高级职员 adj.官方的,正式的→　　　　 adv.官方地,正式地 26.　　　　 adj.含盐的,咸的→　　　　 n.盐 27.　　　　 v.忍住,按捺→　　　　 n.抵制;反对;抗拒→　　　　 adj.有抵抗力的,抵制的,反抗的 28.　　　　 v.(使)适应,(使)适合→　　　　 n.适应;改编→　　　　 adj.有适应能力的;能适应的
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　　 　多亏,由于 2.　　　　　　　 对……感到震惊 3.　　　　　　　 喜欢上,习惯于;开始定期做 4.　　　　　　　 遭受 5.　　　　　　　 据……所说;按照,根据 6.　　　　　　　 偶然遇到,偶然发现 7.　　　　　　　 提醒……,使……想起…… 8.　　　　　　　 爱上,喜欢上 9.　　　　　　　 对……感到舒适自在 10.　　　　　　　　　　买,购买 11.　　　　　　　 以防万一 12.　　　　　　　 在……方面不同 13.　　　　　　　 属于 14.　　　　　　　 (尤指经历一系列意外后)最终处于,到头来 15.　　　　　　　 打听(不在时所发生的事情),别后叙谈 16.　　　　　　　 养育,抚养;提起(某个话题);呕吐 17.　　　　　　　 试用,试验
重 点 句 型 1.对我来说,用英式饼干搭配盛在细瓷杯中的中国乌龙茶——没有什么比这样一次跨文化的下午茶更棒的了!(“否定词+比较级”表最高级含义) To me,there’s 　　　　　　　　　　 a cross-cultural afternoon tea of English biscuits and a cup of Chinese oolong tea in a fine china cup! 2.作为医生,我知道我最好改变这种饮食方式,但我现在完全没有时间和精力。(the way作先行词的定语从句) As a doctor,I know I had better change 　　　　　　　　,but I just don’t have the time or the energy right now. 3.一起做饭给了我们放松的机会,也让我们有机会聊聊彼此日常的情况。(动名词作主语) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and catch up on each other’s days.
动词变名词的后缀“-al”集锦:
①renew→renewal 重新开始　　 　　
②remove→removal 免职;移动　　　
③arrive→arrival 到达,抵达
④approve→approval 批准,认可;赞成　
⑤survive→survival 幸存,存活　
⑥refuse→refusal 拒绝,回绝
⑦propose→proposal 建议,提议　
⑧deny→denial 否认,否定　
⑨dispose→disposal处理,处置
⑩withdraw→withdrawal 取款;撤退;收回
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)　　　　(move)goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放). 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Clearly,he was unhappy over 　　　　　　　　　　　　(我们分开的方式).After all,I had left him little choice. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)I sit in my apartment today,loving each of the 　　　　 (belong) that share our small space. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy,　　　　　　　　 (据……所说) Tu Ningning,who is in charge of the exhibition. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)However,I soon found that by doing so,I might be losing something more important: the opportunity to share a small part of my cultural 　　　　 (identify). 6.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)It’s also home to an ancient library.One of the four 　　　　 (origin) copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there.
7.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Autumn represents harvest and maturity,while rain 　　　　 (symbol) nourishment and growth. 8.(2025·北京卷)When was the last time you took on a tough choice Maybe this morning you debated whether to get up or stay in bed 　　　　 (slight) longer. 9.(2025·浙江1月卷)Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy 　　　　 (addict).It’s cooking.A few months ago,the 30-year-old teacher decided it was time to put her hobby to good use. 10.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective 　　　　 (function) structure that is also beautiful. 11.(2024·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)...but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s 　　　　 (suffer) so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. 12.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The answers to both questions are often “no”.The reasons 　　　　　　　　　　　　(与多种因素有关),including reduced concentration,an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content. 13.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)I told him that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (多亏了他的慷慨和及时的帮助),everything had gone smoothly. 14.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)You’ll compete with fewer tourists,save money,experience a 　　　　 (differ) side of a popular place,and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower. 15.(2024·全国甲卷)These developments illustrate China’s journey towards a modern and efficient transportation network that balances 　　　　 (convenient) with environmental responsibility. 16.(2024·浙江1月卷)It’s a small change that can make a big 　　　　 (different) in your day. 17.(2024·北京卷)Dishonest and violent behaviours were disapproved of;leadership,　　　　 (marry) and interactions with other groups were loosely governed by traditions. 18.(2024·北京卷)　　　　(typical),cruelty and cheating are discouraged,while cooperation,humbleness and courage are praised. 19.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.Seeking and accepting 　　　　 (construct) feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. 20.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Naming each nature experience creates a usable language,which helps people recognise and take part in the activities that are most 　　　　 (satisfy) and meaningful to them. 21.(2023·天津3月卷)The part of the brain 　　　　 (relate) to pleasure is activated in response to something we find beautiful. 22.(2023·天津3月卷)With a Handshake account,students can receive information about career events and personalised job 　　　　 (recommend). 23.(2022·浙江6月卷)So,when people do things to increase their life 　　　　 (satisfy),they also make themselves more effective at work.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.suffer v.(身体或精神上)受苦;遭受
①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he 　　　　 (suffer) from terrible back pain.
②[倡议书] As students,we can organise charity activities to raise awareness about the 　　　　 of others and encourage more people to help each 　　　　 in need.(suffer)
③(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)我的老师感叹道:“在写作的过程中,你一定经历过失败和艰辛。正是苦难使你的意志更加坚定。”
My teacher exclaimed,“In the process of writing,you 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　.
　　　　　　　　 　　 makes you more strong-willed.”
2.addict n.对……着迷的人 v.使沉溺,使上瘾
①[观点态度] On the other hand,video games may make people 　　　　 (addict) to them so deeply that they can waste too much time.
②Many teenagers today are 　　　　 to social media,a highly 　　　　 form of entertainment that fuels their screen 　　　　 and harms their academic performance.(addict)
③[人物介绍] 他痴迷于中国传统绘画,以至于把大部分的业余时间都用来练习技法。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that he spent most of his spare time practising the techniques.
be/become/get addicted to和have an addiction to中的to为介词,后跟名词、代词或动名词。
3.recommend v.推荐,介绍,建议
①(2022·浙江6月卷)Fearing that I would pick out something awful,I desperately tried to ask the boy ahead of me for a 　　　　 (recommend).
②[建议信] If you choose Beijing as your destination,I will recommend 　　　　 (visit) the Forbidden City,the largest palace complex in the world.
③[推荐信] 我写这封推荐信是为了推荐英语流利的毕业生汤姆做你的助理。此外,我推荐一些经典书籍给你,这将极大地帮助你了解中国的风俗习惯。希望你能尽快适应在中国的教学。
I am writing 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,a graduate who is fluent in English,　　　　　　　　.Besides,I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,which will greatly help you learn about Chinese customs and manners.Hope that you can adapt to teaching in China as soon as possible.
英语中表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的动词:一坚持(insist),二命令(order,command),三建议(advise,suggest,recommend),四要求(demand,require,request,ask)等后的宾语从句,以及它们所对应的名词(suggestion、requirement、demand、advice、order、insistence等)后的表语从句或同位语从句,再加上它们的过去分词所在的“It is/was+过去分词+主语从句”句型中,都需用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,其中should可以省略。注意这种句型中的虚拟语气形式不受主句谓语动词时态的影响。
4.satisfying adj.令人高兴的,令人满意的
①[情感描写] What made him 　　　　 was that his son got a 　　　　 job,making him smile with 　　　　.(satisfy)
②[动作描写] The old man is satisfied 　　　　 (sit) in the yard every afternoon,reading newspapers and enjoying the warm sunshine.
③[活动报道] 令教练满意的是,球队赢得了决赛。每个队员都对自己的表现感到满意。
5.convenient adj.方便的,便利的
①[观点态度] While online shopping offers great 　　　　,delayed deliveries can sometimes cause significant 　　　　 to customers.(convenient)
②[告知信] The high-speed railway shortens the travelling time between two cities,enabling us to visit more places 　　　　 (convenient).
③[邀请信] 下周六上午一起去外面走走怎么样 如果你方便的话,我们9点在学校门口碰面吧。
How about going out next Saturday morning 　　　　　　　　　　　　,let’s meet at the school gate at 9:00.
6.adapt v.(使)适应,(使)适合;改编,改写
①[学校生活] In my opinion,it takes some time for the freshmen to adapt to 　　　　 (live) in a completely new environment.
②[求助信] Here is the 　　　　 (adapt) of the short play from our English text.I would appreciate it if you could give me some advice at your earliest convenience.
③[建议信] 我非常高兴收到你的来信,从信中得知你在适应学校生活方面有困难。
I am more than delighted to receive your letter,from which I know 　　　　　　　　　　　.
7.in case以防万一;假使,假如
①It’s a good idea to choose an alternative destination　　　　　　 your first-choice tourist spot is not available.
②Well,　　　　　　　　,why don’t you go to the school library and check out all the books on the subject
③[译林必修一U3] 　　　　　　　　,find an opportunity to have a full and frank talk with her.
④[动作描写] 她什么都没说,以免情绪失控。
She said nothing 　　　　　　 her temper slipped out of gear.
⑤[建议信] 通常情况下,你对别人留下的第一印象会极大地影响他们对你的看法。
　　　　　　　　　　,the first impression you make on someone can significantly influence their opinions of you.
8.end up (尤指经历一系列意外后)最终处于,到头来
①After taking a wrong turn on the highway,we ended up 　　　　 a completely different city than we had planned.
②[建议信] If you skip breakfast regularly,you might end up 　　　　 (overeat) at lunch,which could lead to weight gain.
③截止到数学课结束,我们已解出了一半的题目。在黑板的尽头,老师写下了最后一道题。最终,我们通力合作在下课前完成了所有题目——为整堂课画上了圆满的句号。
　　　　　　　　 the maths class,we had solved half the problems.　　　　　　　　 the blackboard,the teacher wrote the final one.　　　　　　,we worked together with full cooperation and finished all of them before the class 　　　　　　　　—　　　　　　　　 the whole class.
9.“否定词+比较级”表达最高级含义
[教材原句] When I get back home,there’s nothing more satisfying than a big meat dinner.
回家后,什么都比不上一顿肉食大餐更让人心满意足了。
[心理描写] 直到那时,我才突然意识到我是世界上最幸福的人。
→It was not until then that I suddenly realised 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in the world.(否定词+形容词比较级+than)
→It was not until then that I suddenly realised 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in the world.(否定词+so+形容词原级+as)
→It was not until then that I suddenly realised 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in the world.(比较级+than+all the other...)
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] He once told me ①he was surprised by ②what he saw on the table ③when he first
visited my mother’s parents in China.
尝试分析:此句为主从复合句。本句为“　　　　　　　　”结构,主句为He once told me,①为省略了引导词that的　　　　从句,充当谓语动词told的　　　　;而这个宾语从句也是主从复合句,主句为he was surprised by what he saw on the table,其中②为what 引导的　　　　从句,充当介词by的宾语,③是when引导的　　　　从句。
自主翻译:
情境仿写:我哥哥笑着说,第一次在南方城市工作时,他对当地的方言感到十分困惑。
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.pick up
A.开车接(某人)　　　　B.接听,接收
C.拿起,捡起,拾起　 D.恢复健康/精神
E.买,购买　　 F.(偶然)学会,掌握
①(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)What I was to do was fly to Topeka to pick up Tiffy.　　
②(2023·全国甲卷)The invitation is clear:Weiner wants you to pick up a coffee or tea and sit down with this book.　　
③(2021·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)On our first morning in Paris,I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries.　　
④(2021·全国乙卷)...we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone(using Caller ID would take the fun out of it).　　
⑤(2020·浙江1月卷)Mom expected me to start crying,but I just sat there for a minute.Then I picked myself up and kept right on going.　　
⑥When exposed to English-speaking surroundings,you will pick up the language much more easily.　　
2.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2023·浙江1月卷)He gathered handfuls of damp tree leaves,wrapped them with string,and lit the bunch to create a torch (火把).　　　　　　　
②(2023·浙江1月卷)The adult bees were angry and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree.He had to wait for the right moment to go back up.　　　　　　　
③(2022·全国甲卷)When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. 　　　　　　　
④(2022·全国甲卷)The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions.　　　　　　　
3.写出语段中黑体词的含义
We accepted his tip①—eating hot pot.With the tips② of branches swinging in the breeze,we headed for a hot pot restaurant.We tipped③ plates of fresh meat and vegetables into the pot and before leaving,we generously tipped④ the waiter.
我们接受了他的①　　　　——去吃火锅。树枝的②　　　　在微风中摇曳,我们朝一家火锅店走去。我们把一盘盘新鲜的肉和蔬菜③　　　　锅里,临走时还慷慨地④　　　　服务员　　　　。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·北京卷)For many years,psychologists saw 　　　　 (identify) as a combination of someone’s values,beliefs,goals and social roles.
2.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related
　　　　 paper’s physical properties.
3.(2024·天津3月卷)This online course has been updated,but you can still access and use the
　　　　 (origin) version.
4.(2024·天津3月卷)This particular feature also means we 　　　　 (typical) prefer things which offer minimum effort for maximum reward.
5.(2023·全国乙卷)Although my fingers were painful after few hours’ practice,I felt 　　　　 (satisfy) if I could play a music piece completely.
6.I’ve taken 　　　　 reading your magazine for a few years since the first time I met it.
7.In 　　　　,he stood there witnessing the 　　　　 accident,unable to utter a word.(horror)
8.It was because of my generous and kind-hearted classmates that I felt a sense of 　　　　 (belong) and adapted 　　　　 the new surroundings quickly.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 申请信—跨文化沟通—文化交流活动
(2023·天津6月卷)假设你是晨光中学的学生李津,通过交换生项目在英国某中学就读,校方为加强中英文化交流,将举办“中国工坊” 活动。该活动主题涉及中华美食、中国传统手工艺、中国书法和绘画,拟招募学生现场教授相关技能。请按照以下提示,写一封申请信:
1.申请参加本次活动;
2.阐述你对本次文化交流活动意义的理解;
3.结合个人兴趣和特长,说明拟教授何种技能,并阐述原因。
参考词汇:中国工坊Chinese Workshop;中华美食 Chinese cuisine;手工艺handicraft;书法 calligraphy
[场景演练]
1.我非常激动,特此写信申请参加贵校的“中国工坊”活动。(too...to...)
2.作为一名来自中国的交换生,我强烈建议所有人参加此次活动。(recommend sb to do sth)
3.这项活动可以让他们通过传统美食、手工艺品和书法来了解中国文化。(enable)
4.除此之外,通过面对面的交流,我们可以消除文化隔阂,建立深厚的联系。(relationship)
5.至于我,我痴迷于中华美食。(be addicted to)
6.因此我想提供一个关于教别人做宫保鸡丁的课程。(the way作先行词的定语从句)
7.通过将这门技艺传授给他人,我希望帮助他们掌握一项新技能,还能培养他们对中华美食更深层次的鉴赏力。
8.感谢您考虑我的申请。如若能尽快回复,我将不胜感激。(convenience)
[句式升级]
1.将第2句和第3句用定语从句进行改写升级。
2.将第7句用not only...but also...句式进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
smile 微笑 laughter 笑声 laugh at 嘲笑 chuckle 轻声笑 giggle 咯咯地笑 grin 露齿而笑 wear a smile 面带微笑 laugh out loud 放声大笑 笑 burst into laughter 突然大笑 smile from ear to ear 眉开眼笑 explode/roar with laughter 哄堂大笑 scream with laughter 笑得前仰后合 joyful and carefree laughter 欢快而无忧无虑的笑声 spark with delight 因喜悦而闪烁
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.destination　　　n.目的地,终点 2.gallery n.美术馆,画廊 3.quit v.离开(工作岗位、学校等); 离任;放弃 4.route n.路线 5.aboard prep.在(船、飞机、火车)上 6.hike　　　　v.在……徒步旅行,远足 7.chain n.连锁店,连锁集团;供应链;链条 8.luggage n.行李 9.credit n.赊购,信贷;信誉;学分 10.vehicle n.交通工具,车辆 11.deer n.鹿
阅 读 词 汇 1.indigenous　　　adj.本地的,土生土长的 2.kangaroo n.袋鼠 3.crocodile n.鳄鱼 4.quest n.(长期的)寻求,探索,追求 5.landscape n.(陆上的)风景,景致 6.volcano n.火山 7.embassy n.大使馆 8.visa n.(护照上的)签证 9.transfer　　　n.转乘,换乘 v.(使)转移,搬迁 10.currency n.货币,通货 11.souvenir n.纪念品,纪念物 12.cash n.现款,现金 13.café n.咖啡馆,小餐馆 14.soccer n.英式足球 15.gravy n.(调味用的)肉汁
拓 展 词 汇 1.profession n.(需要高等教育和训练的)专业,行业;职业,生涯→professional adj.专业的;职业的 n.专业人士;职业选手→professionally adv.专业地 2.previous adj.以前的,先前的→previously adv.以前,预先 3.dramatic adj.激动人心的;给人印象深刻的→dramatically adv.引人注目地;戏剧地;显著地;剧烈地→drama n.戏剧;戏剧表演;戏剧性情节 4.flight n.航班,班机→fly v.飞,飞行;(时间)飞逝 n.苍蝇 5.remote adj.偏僻的,偏远的→remotely adv.远程地;细微地 6.engage v.参与,参加→engaged adj.忙碌的;使用中的;已订婚的→engaging adj.迷人的,吸引人的→engagement n.订婚;约定;(与……的)密切关系 7.continent n.洲,大洲,大陆→continental adj.大陆的,大洲的 8.mass n.大量,许多→massive adj.巨大的;结实的;非常严重的→massively adv.大量地;沉重地;庄严地
重 点 词 块 1.be determined to do　　　 决心做 2.in particular 尤其,特别 3.make an impact on 对……产生影响 4.when it comes to... 谈到……,提及…… 5.make a comment about/on 对……作出评论 6.be used to (doing) sth 习惯于(做)某事 7.over time　　　　　　随着时间的推移 8.make sb aware of 让某人意识到 9.can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待地做某事 10.a sense of direction 方向感 11.cheer...up 使……高兴 12.keep in touch 保持联系 13.masses of 大量的
重 点 句 型 1.我通过照片影响他人,尤其是涉及环境问题的时候。(when it comes to) I use my photography to make an impact on people,especially when it comes to environmental issues. 2.它可以随时带我们去想去的任何地方。(where引导地点状语从句) It took us where we wanted,when we wanted. 3.我刚睡着,忽然听到爸爸的手机响了。(had done...when...) I’d fallen asleep,when I heard Dad’s phone ringing. 4.毫无疑问,贝尔尼纳快车对于那些想要回归自然的旅行者来说是一趟旅程……(There is no doubt that...) There is no doubt that the Bernina Express is a journey for travellers who want to get back to nature...
动词变名词的后缀“-ation”集锦:
①inspire→inspiration 灵感　　　　　　　　　　 ②adapt→adaptation 适应;改编
③recommend→recommendation 推荐(信),介绍 ④combine→combination 结合;联合体
⑤apply→application 应用;申请 ⑥admire→admiration 钦佩;赞赏
⑦consider→consideration 仔细考虑;深思 ⑧imagine→imagination 想象力;想象
⑨invite→invitation 邀请;请柬 ⑩expect→expectation 期待;期望
1.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)She previously (previous) explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise...the goal is to feel good,not look good.” 2.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live (在我住的地方),thanks to the absence of smog and plenty of blue sky afternoons with lots of fresh air. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Determined to turn (turn) her life around,Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a healthy lifestyle... 4.(2025·浙江1月卷)This platform is not only reserved for professional (profession) cooks,but also for those willing to discover new experiences. 5.(2025·北京卷)When travelling,we engage with cultures and experiences. 6.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Due to a big storm,my flight (fly) had been delayed by an hour and a half. 7.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)We became good friends and kept in touch with (和……保持联系) each other regularly. 8.(2024· 新课标Ⅱ卷)We all know fresh is best when it comes to food (涉及食物的时候). 9.(2023·全国甲卷)In the Digital Age,we’re used to having (我们习惯了拥有) what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. 10.(2023·北京卷)I found myself working with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data from the desert remotely (remote). 11.(2023·浙江1月卷)Habitat loss,pesticide use,and climate change have caused dramatic (drama) declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades... 12.(2023·浙江1月卷)In the summer in particular (尤其是在夏天),the air conditioning can make them quite cold. 13.(2022·全国甲卷)In the last five years,Cao has walked through 34 countries in six continents (continent)...
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.engage v.参与,参加;吸引;雇用;使订婚
①(2025·浙江1月卷)Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged (engage) when you tailor your communications to their interests.
②(2024·浙江1月卷)In the course of a couple of hours,he showed me just how much one can gain from travelling with an open mind,and a willingness to engage with locals from all walks of life.
③Mary was engaged to Tom,and their engagement (engage) surprised all their friends and relatives.
④[建议信] 虽然忙于学习,但你也应该留出一些时间参加户外活动,如远足和滑雪。
Although you engage yourself in/are engaged in your study, you should set aside some time to get involved in outdoor activities such as hiking and skiing.
2.mass n.大量,许多;团,块,堆;群众 adj.大量的,大规模的
①Our school library has a massive (mass) collection of over 50,000 books,ranging from classics to modern research.
②[情绪描写] 天空中乌云密布,他感到一丝忧虑。
The sky was full of masses of dark clouds,and he felt a little bit worried.
③(2023·全国甲卷)中国有许多伟大的历史人物,其中我最感兴趣的是孔子,他是一位哲学家、政治家和教育家。
There are a mass of/masses of great historical figures in China,one of whom I am most interested in is Confucius,a philosopher,politician and educator.
a mass of/masses of+
3.make a comment about/on 对……作出评论
①(2023·浙江1月卷)A few days later,I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries,and my dad commented on/upon how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere.
②He makes comments about/on the importance of developing good study habits early in junior middle school.
③许多专家评论说,均衡的饮食和锻炼对保持健康至关重要。
Many experts commented that a balanced diet and exercise are essential for maintaining good health.
4.There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问……(that引导同位语从句)
[教材原句] There is no doubt that the Bernina Express is a journey for travellers who want to get back to nature...
毫无疑问,贝尔尼纳快车对于那些想要回归自然的旅行者来说是一趟旅程……
①There is no doubt that (毫无疑问) he will succeed this time for he has made enough preparations.
②I have no doubt that (我确信) the memory of his daughter’s laughter,echoing in his mind,will give him the strength to climb one more step,then another.
③I don’t doubt that (我毫不怀疑) with her determination,she will overcome all the difficulties in the upcoming competition and achieve an excellent result.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] ①When I post the picture online,I will make a comment about ②how bad it is to feed wild crocodiles.
尝试分析:此句为主从复合句。①是when引导的时间状语从句,主句为“主+谓+宾”结构,其中②是“how+adj.”形式的感叹句作宾语从句,语序为陈述语序。
自主翻译:我在网上发布照片时会附上评论,告诉人们投喂野生鳄鱼是非常糟糕的行为。
情境仿写:当这个小女孩看到毛茸茸的小狗来迎接她时,她不知道自己是多么高兴。
When the little girl saw the fluffy puppy greeting her,she couldn’t figure out how happy she was.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Food waste is a growing concern in the restaurant,supermarket,and supply chain industries.n.供应链
②(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI—the technology companies and world leaders—so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it.n.观点
③(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)With environmentalist anna Lamhna as the guide,this walk promises to be an informative tour.v.有……的希望;有……的可能
④(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Although the two young women were strangers before the meet,they’ve since become friends.n.体育比赛,运动会
⑤(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)What did the horse think,as he sped through the night Did he get tired Have doubts Did he want to quit v.放弃
⑥(2023·全国乙卷)Barry retired in 1859,having practised her entire medical profession living and working as a man.n.职业,生涯
⑦(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)But I imagine that,while money is indeed wonderful and necessary,rereading an author’s work is the highest currency a reader can pay them.n.回馈,报酬
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
To earn enough credits① for graduation,Lily has been balancing tough courses and group projects.When her team won the debate contest,she was quick to credit② their success to everyone’s late-night preparations—never keeping the credit③ to herself.Her good credit④ with teachers earned her the opportunity to organise this School Art and Cultural Festival.
为了攒够毕业所需的①学分,莉莉一直努力兼顾高难度课程和小组作业。当她的团队赢得辩论赛时,她立刻将胜利②归功于大家的熬夜备赛,而非独揽③赞誉。她在老师那里的良好④信誉使她赢得组织本次校园文化艺术节的机会。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·浙江1月卷)With human inputs dramatically (dramatic) reduced,the garden’s ecology can develop well.
2.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Audio (音频) and video can feel more engaging (engage) than text,and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies...
3.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Campbell has more than two decades’ professional (profession) experience translating the heady into the understandable.
4.(2022·新课标Ⅰ卷)The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously (previous) unprotected.
5.There is no doubt that the sports events can not only enrich our school life,but also make us stronger.
6.The quickest way to find happiness is to quit complaining (complain).
7.Many people are aware of the benefits of physical activities on their general health.
8.When it comes to English learning,I think reading English novels is definitely useful.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 推荐信—地理概况—到杭州旅游
假设你是李华,你的外国朋友Emma 想来中国旅游,请你写信推荐一个景点。内容包括:地理位置、景点特色、景点文化内涵等。
[场景演练]
1.鉴于你对中国文化的无尽的热情和好奇心,我诚挚地写信向你分享我的建议。杭州无疑是令人向往的目的地之一。(destination)
In view of your endless enthusiasm and curiosity about Chinese culture,I’m writing sincerely to share my advice with you.There is no doubt that Hangzhou is one of the desirable destinations.
2.正如一句广为流传的中国俗语所说:“上有天堂,下有苏杭。”(on earth)
As a popular Chinese saying goes,“Paradise in heaven;Suzhou and Hangzhou on earth.”
3.杭州位于中国东部,以其风景如画、历史悠久闻名于世,其历史可以追溯到2 000多年前。(landscape)
Hangzhou is located in the east of China.It is world-famous for its picturesque landscapes and a long history dating back to over 2,000 years ago.
4.它如同一朵盛开的花,以令人印象深刻的美丽和多元化赢得那些欣赏它的人的心。(dramatic)
It is like a blooming flower,with dramatic beauty and diversity to win the hearts of those who admire it.
5.除此之外,杭州美食也是一绝,四季皆有不同。(vary with)
In addition,Hangzhou cuisine is also marvelous,varying with the seasons.
6.总之,在杭州你可以与来自其他国家的人们交流互动。(engage)
In conclusion,you can engage and interact with people from other countries in Hangzhou.
7.杭州不仅可以让你沉迷于它的美,还将提供一个宝贵的机会来开阔你的视野。(not only...but also...)
Hangzhou will not only immerse you in its beauty,but it will also offer a precious opportunity to broaden your horizons.
[句式升级]
1.将第3句用非谓语动词进行改写升级。
Located in the east of China,Hangzhou is world-famous for its picturesque landscapes and a long history dating back to over 2,000 years ago.
2.将第7句用not only 置于句首引起的倒装进行改写升级。
Not only will Hangzhou immerse you in its beauty,but it will also offer a precious opportunity to broaden your horizons.
[连句成篇]
Dear Emma,
In view of your endless enthusiasm and curiosity about Chinese culture,I’m writing sincerely to share my advice with you.There is no doubt that Hangzhou is one of the desirable destinations.
As a popular Chinese saying goes,“Paradise in heaven;Suzhou and Hangzhou on earth.” Located in the east of China,Hangzhou is world-famous for its picturesque landscapes and a long history dating back to over 2,000 years ago.It is like a blooming flower,with dramatic beauty and diversity to win the hearts of those who admire it.In addition,Hangzhou cuisine is also marvelous,varying with the seasons.
In conclusion,you can engage and interact with people from other countries in Hangzhou.Not only will Hangzhou immerse you in its beauty,but it will also offer a precious opportunity to broaden your horizons.
Yours,
Li Hua
　　歌曲的最后一个音符渐渐消失了。艾米丽哽咽了。起初她还强忍住泪水,但很快视线就被泪水模糊。艾米丽看到母亲微笑的照片,她突然放声大哭。她眼泪汪汪的双眼哭得通红。泪水从脸颊滑落,回忆如潮水般涌上心头。她把照片紧紧按在胸口,她的肩膀因无声的哭泣而颤抖。
The final note of the song faded away.Emily ①had a lump in her throat.
She ②held back her tears at first,but soon her vision ③was blurred with tears.
Emily saw her mother’s smiling photo,and she ④burst into tears.
⑤Her watery eyes turned red from crying.
⑥Tears streamed down her cheeks as memories flooded her mind.
She clutched the picture to her chest,and her shoulders shook with silent cries.
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