资源简介

写 作 词 汇 1.boost　　　v.促进,推动 2.pretend v.假装,装作 3.roommate n.(尤指大学里的)室友 4.overlook v.忽视,忽略 5.bother v.(使)苦恼 6.accent　　　　n.口音 7.heartbreaking adj.令人悲伤的 8.intently adv.专心地;一心一意地 9.repay v.报答 10.profound adj.(感情)强烈的,深切的
阅 读 词 汇 1.self-critical　　adj.自我批评的,自我批判的 2.freckle n.(尤指脸上的)雀斑,斑点 3.jawline n.下巴的形状 4.narcissist n.自我陶醉者 5.obsessive adj.痴迷的,迷恋的;过度的 (含贬义) 6.lipstick n.唇膏,口红 7.dormitory n.寝室 8.bizarre adj.古怪的;奇异的 9.makeover n.(以新衣服、新发型等进行的)打扮,装扮 10.pill n.药丸,药片 11.stereotype n.模式化的思想 12.welfare n.帮助;福利 13.monstrous adj.丑陋的;骇人的 14.righteous adj.正派的,正直的 15.beast n.(尤指体型庞大或危险的)野兽 16.timid adj.胆小的,胆怯的 17.coward n.胆小鬼;懦夫 18.bookish adj.好读书的,书呆子气的 19.kidnap v.绑架;劫持 20.torture v.拷打,拷问 21.execution　　 　n.(尤指依法的)处死 22.predicament n.尴尬的处境 23.repulsive adj.令人厌恶的 24.defect n.缺点,缺陷,毛病 25.hunched adj.弓身的,弓背的 26.melancholy n.忧郁,无名的伤感 27.wretch n.可怜的人 28.exclaim v.(因惊讶、愤怒或兴奋而)呼喊,惊叫 29.heartfelt adj.衷心的,诚挚的 30.exquisite adj.精美的,精致的 31.utter v.(尤指吃力地)发出(声音) 32.syllable n.音节 33.immense adj.巨大的 34.monster n.怪物 35.savage adj.野蛮的 36.dew n.露水 37.whilst conj.而(用于强调两种情况、 活动等之间的差别) 38.coarse adj.粗的,粗糙的 39.downtrodden adj.被践踏的,受压迫的,遭蹂躏的 40.pebble n.卵石,小圆石,砾石
续　表
拓 展 词 汇 1.enlarge v.(使)增大,扩大→large adj.大的 2.misjudge v.对(人或情况)判断错误→judge v.判断 n.法官→judgement n.判断力;识别力;看法 3.identical adj.完全相同的;非常相似的→identity n.身份;相同;一致→identify v.识别;确认;发现→identification n.识别;确认;确定 4.skinny adj.极瘦的,皮包骨的→skin n.皮肤 5.acknowledge v.承认(某事属实或某情况存在)→acknowledgement n.承认;感谢 6.assumption n.假定,假设→assume v.假定;假设;认为→assuming conj.假如 7.saving n.积蓄→save v.节省;救 8.psychology n.心理,心理过程→psychologist n.心理学家→psychological adj.心理的;心理学的→psychologically adv.心理上地;心理学地 9.finding n.研究的结果;发现→find v.发现 n.发现物 10.frightful adj.可怕的→fright n.惊吓;害怕→frighten v.使害怕→frightened adj.感到害怕的→frightening adj.令人害怕的 11.outward adj.外表的,表面的→(反义词)inward adj.向内的;内心的 12.loyal adj.忠贞的,忠实的,忠诚的→loyalty n.忠诚,忠实 13.novelist n.小说家→novel n.小说 adj.新颖的 prehension n.理解(力)→comprehend v.理解→comprehensive adj.综合的,全面的 15.expression n.表情;神色→express v.表达→expressive adj.有表现力的 passion n.怜悯;同情→compassionate adj.富有同情心的;表示怜悯的 17.resemble v.像;与……类似,与……相似→resemblance n.相似;相像 18.tenderness n.柔情→tender adj.温柔的 19.motive n.(尤指隐藏的)动机,原因,目的→motivate v.激励;成为……的动机→motivated adj.积极的;主动的→motivation n.积极性;动机
重 点 词 块 1.boost one’s confidence 　　增加某人的信心 2.from head to toe 从头到脚 3.a lack of 缺乏 4.a desire for 对……的渴望 5.be surprised at 对……感到吃惊 6.make an effort 做出努力 7.in terms of 　　　　　　　就……而言,从……角度来看 8.leave an impression on 给……留下印象 9.keep fit 保持健康 pare...to 把……比作 11.attempt to do 尝试做 12.beyond one’s expectation(s) 出乎某人的意料
重 点 句 型 1.正如《丑女贝蒂》里的歌曲所唱的那样,“这是一个看脸的世界”。(as引导状语从句) As a song in Ugly Betty puts it,“It’s a pretty person’s world”. 2.他首先打破了沉默。(the+序数词+to do...) He was the first to break the silence. 3.“但是!”他说,好像在犹豫是否要说完,“我是……我是个聋人。”(状语从句的省略) “But!”he said,as though hesitating whether to finish,“I am—I am deaf.” 4.从那不幸的人的语气里可以感受到他对自身的悲哀心知肚明,她没有勇气回答。(副词位于句首引起全部倒装) There lay in the accents of the unfortunate man so significant an awareness of his sadness that she had not the strength to utter a syllable. 5.“我从来没像现在这般明白自己的丑陋……”(否定词位于句首引起的部分倒装) “Never have I viewed my ugliness as at the present moment...” 6.似乎不让眼泪落下来,他就可以维护自己的尊严。(it作形式宾语) He seemed to make it a point of honour to keep it at bay.
表示“人”的后缀“-ant/-ian” 集锦:
①account→accountant 会计　　　②apply→applicant 申请者　　　③assist→assistant 助手
④participate→participant 参加者 ⑤magic→magician 魔术师 ⑥music→musician 音乐家
⑦history→historian 历史学家 ⑧library→librarian 图书管理员 ⑨comedy→comedian 喜剧演员
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)They boosted (促进) the sales of cars. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Dutch authors Thalia Verkade and Marco te Br mmelstroet are bothered (bother) by facts like these. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Still,the findings (finding) show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure—a task that’s becoming increasingly difficult. 4.(2025·新课标 Ⅱ 卷)Ho recognises the psychological (psychology) benefit of helping kids keep up with their peers (同龄人) outside the hospital. 5.(2025·浙江1月卷)Keeping your message simple and clear will make it easier for people to understand (使人们理解变得更容易). 6.(2025·浙江1月卷)The stereotypes (stereotype) commonly associated with men,such as competitiveness and dominance,are more valued than those associated with women. 7.(2025·浙江1月卷)The man froze for a second,but when he saw the skinny (skin) boy he breathed a sigh of relief. 8.(2025·浙江1月卷)For instance,if an object’s name was meant to sound genderless,like Miuu,participants would still assign a gender to it— they would assume (认为) Miuu was a “he” or “she”. 9.(2025·浙江1月卷)A novel (新颖的) design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide. 10.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)It should give you a precise definition of each word,thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar,but not identical (identity). 11.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)However,psychologists (psychology) have demonstrated that when adults read news stories,they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces. 12.(2024·全国甲卷)I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot,and I was heartbroken (heartbreak) with the ending. 13.(2024·北京卷)In humans,a greatly enlarged (enlarge) brain boosts self-control,just as it boosts problem-solving skills in the social as well as the physical world. 14.(2024·浙江1月卷)For a few months after the “library” opened,I didn’t bother taking a look,as I had assumed (原本认为) that it would be stuffed full of cheesy love stories. 15.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)A large amount of research confirms this finding (发现). 16.(2022·全国甲卷)“...Antarctica left an impression on me (给我留下了印象) that no other place has,” Ginni says.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.pretend v.假装,装作;自认为
①[心理描写] She pretended to be (be) calm,but as a matter of fact she was so nervous from head to toe.
②When my little brother saw me practising the guitar,he grabbed his toy instrument and started to pretend to be playing (play) along with me,mimicking every move I made.
③To cheer up her friend who was feeling down,Sarah put on a happy face and pretended to be cheerful (假装开心),hoping to lift her spirits.
2.bother v.(使)苦恼 n.麻烦;困难;令人烦恼的情况(或事物、人)
①[建议信] I suggest you bother to review/reviewing (review) your notes regularly,as it will greatly improve your understanding and retention of the material covered in class.
②[求助信] 我一直忙于工作,几乎抽不出时间做运动,这使我很烦恼。
→It bothers me greatly that I have been busy with my work and can hardly spare time to do exercise.(it作形式主语)
→What bothers me greatly is that I have been too busy with my work to spare time to do exercise.(what引导的主语从句)
3.acknowledge v.承认(某事属实或某情况存在)
①[感谢信] The flowers were a small acknowledgement (acknowledge) of your kindness.
②[邀请信] 人们普遍认为这个音乐节是探索中国民间音乐的好机会。
→People widely acknowledge that the music festival is a good opportunity to explore Chinese folk music.(主动语态)
→The music festival is widely acknowledged as/to be a good opportunity to explore Chinese folk music.(被动语态)
→It is widely acknowledged that the music festival is a good opportunity to explore Chinese folk music.(it作形式主语)
4.make an/every effort/efforts to do sth 努力做某事
①[倡议书] To reduce our carbon footprint,our school is making an effort to switch (switch) to renewable energy sources and encourage students to use reusable water bottles and lunch containers.
②[动作描写] 我不遗余力地为写作比赛做准备。为了使我的文章完美,我查阅相关材料。我的老师提醒我:“没有人能毫不费力地成功。”
I spared no effort to make preparations for the writing contest.I referred to relevant materials in an effort to make my article perfect.My teacher reminded me,“Nobody can succeed without effort.”
5.as引导方式状语从句
[教材原句] As a song in Ugly Betty puts it,“It’s a pretty person’s world”.
正如《丑女贝蒂》里的歌曲所唱的那样,“这是一个看脸的世界”。
①The children played in the park as happily as a group of birds (像一群鸟一样快乐).
②As he was feeling tired (由于他感到累了),John decided to take a nap before continuing his study.
③He solved the problem as his teacher had taught him (按照他老师教他的).
④Although they were tired and exhausted,they managed to make it to the finish point.
→Tired and exhausted as they were,they managed to make it to the finish point.(倒装)
⑤[动作描写] As time went by,he contented himself with a simple life.
→With time going by,he contented himself with a simple life.(with复合结构)
当as引导让步状语从句时,从句使用部分倒装,即将形容词、副词、名词、动词等放在as前面;单数可数名词提前时应省略冠词。
Young as he is,he has already published several novels.
尽管他很年轻,但他已经出版了几部小说。
Child as she is,she shows great maturity in handling difficult situations.
尽管她还是个孩子,但她在处理困难情况时却表现出极大的成熟。
Try as he might,he couldn’t open the jar.
尽管他使出了浑身解数,但他还是打不开那个罐子。
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] That’s ①why I could never understand my sister,②who has 17 lipsticks and can’t decide which one to use every morning.
尝试分析:此句为主从复合句。主句是That’s why...。句中①为why引导的表语从句,构成that’s why...句式;②为who引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 my sister,其中which one to use作动词decide的宾语。
自主翻译:那就是我永远无法理解我姐姐的原因,她有17支口红,每天早上都不知道该用哪支好。
情境仿写:那就是我永远无法理解我朋友的原因,他有18条领带,每次(出席)正式场合都不知道该系哪一条。
That’s why I could never understand my friend,who has 18 ties and can’t decide which one to tie for every formal occasion.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.acknowledge
A.vt.认可,承认　B.vt.感谢　C.vt.告知收悉
①The director announced that all applications will be acknowledged.　C　
②This reform is acknowledged as a milestone in the history of the development of our country.
　A　
③I acknowledge Mr Smith,without whom I couldn’t have acquired such great achievements.
　B　
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
Having a clear motive① is essential for achieving goals.It’s what drives us forward and keeps us focused.As a leader,it’s my duty to motivate② my team,inspire them and give them the push they need to succeed.Seeing them become motivated③ and driven by their own personal motivation④ is truly meaningful.
拥有明确的①动机对于实现目标至关重要。它是推动我们前进并保持专注的动力。作为领导者,我的职责是②激励我的团队,鼓舞他们,并给予他们成功所需的推动力。看到他们变得③有积极性,并受到他们自身④动力的驱使,这真的是很有意义的。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·浙江1月卷)For instance,if an object’s name was meant to sound genderless,like Miuu,participants would still assign a gender to it— they would assume Miuu was (be) a “he” or “she”.
2.(2025·浙江1月卷)This will engage their desire to understand (understand) and interact with the information.
3.(2024·浙江1月卷)It would have been easy to rely on my assumptions (assume) about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home.
4.(2024·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)Is comprehension (comprehend) the same whether a person reads a text onscreen or on paper
5.It is crucial for us to have loyalty (loyal) and commitment when serving the people.
6.She resembles her sister in character and both of them are optimistic.
7.I proudly acknowledged overcoming/having overcome (overcome) that challenge and made significant progress.
8.He pretended to have been exposed (expose) to English since an early age,but further communication gave away his secret.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 演讲稿—学校生活—追求内在美
随着社交媒体的盛行,人们往往过于关注外在形象,而忽视了内在品质的重要性。假设你校英语俱乐部正在举办一场主题为“内在美的重要性”的演讲比赛,请你写一篇英语演讲稿参加比赛。
[场景演练]
1.随着社交媒体的盛行,人们往往过于关注外表,而忽视了内在品质的重要性。(as引导的时间状语从句)
As the social media is gaining popularity,people tend to focus too much on external appearances, and neglect the importance of inner qualities.
2.是时候让我们思考内在美的重要性,以提升内在品质了。(boost)
It is high time for us to think about the importance of inner beauty to boost inner qualities.
3.内在美指的是诸如善良、正直与同情心等美德——这些特质通过行动而非对外表的过度关注得以体现。(compassion)
Inner beauty refers to virtues like kindness,integrity,and compassion—qualities that are embodied through actions rather than excessive concern for one’s appearance.
4.人们普遍认为,与外在魅力不同,内在美会随着时间的推移而加深。(It is universally acknowledged that)
It is universally acknowledged that unlike external charm,inner beauty tends to deepen over time.
5.它能培养忠诚而有意义的关系并能建立信任。(loyal)
It nurtures loyal and meaningful relationships as well as builds trust.
6.一颗正直的心所留下的持久影响,远胜过一张精修的照片。
An upright heart leaves a lasting impact far beyond a polished photo.
7.让我们努力成为内在光芒超越任何滤镜的人,成为追求内在美的人。(make an effort to do)
Let us make an effort to be individuals whose inner light outshines any filter and to be individuals pursuing inner beauty.
[句式升级]
1.将第1句用现在分词短语作状语进行改写升级。
As the social media is gaining popularity,people tend to focus too much on external appearances, neglecting the importance of inner qualities.
2.将第4句和第5句用非限制性定语从句进行改写升级。
It is universally acknowledged that unlike external charm,inner beauty tends to deepen over time,which nurtures loyal and meaningful relationships as well as builds trust.
[连句成篇]
The Importance of Inner Beauty
As the social media is gaining popularity,people tend to focus too much on external appearances,neglecting the importance of inner qualities.It is high time for us to think about the importance of inner beauty to boost inner qualities.
Inner beauty refers to virtues like kindness,integrity and compassion—qualities that are embodied through actions rather than excessive concern for one’s appearance.It is universally acknowledged that unlike external charm,inner beauty tends to deepen over time,which nurtures loyal and meaningful relationships as well as builds trust.An upright heart leaves a lasting impact far beyond a polished photo.
Let us make an effort to be individuals whose inner light outshines any filter and to be individuals pursuing inner beauty.
Thank you!
puzzled adj.困惑的,茫然的,糊涂的 confused adj.困惑的,糊涂的 frown v.& n.皱眉,蹙额 at a loss 不知所措 one’s mind goes blank 某人大脑一片空白 eyebrows knot together 眉头紧锁 困惑、 迷茫 have a frown on one’s face 皱着眉头 scratch one’s head 挠头;苦思冥想 throw sb into confusion 使某人陷入困惑之中 say/ask with a confused look 一脸疑惑地说/问 a flood of confusion sweeps over sb 一阵困惑涌上某人的心头
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.insist 　　　 　　 v.坚称,坚决认为 2.prospect n.开阔的景观,景色 3.enhance v.改进;增强 4.sweep v.吹过,掠过 5.ban v.禁止,取缔 6.dozen 　　　 　 number一打;许多 7.thorough adj.仔细的;缜 密的 8.precise adj.精确的;一丝不苟的 9.launch n.推出,发起 10.reputation n.名誉,名望
阅 读 词 汇 1.secrecy　　　　　 n.保密,秘密状态 2.shaving n.刮胡子 3.flush v.(使)发红 4.plum n.李子;梅子 5.faintly adv.微弱地;模糊地 6.dispose v.排列,布置 7.sparkle n.闪耀,闪光 8.redden v.(使)变红 9.glare n.刺眼的强光 10.flake n.小薄片 11.weathercock n.(公鸡形)风标 12.church n.教堂 13.rhyme n.儿歌,童谣 14.alabaster n.雪花石膏 15.goose n.鹅 16.feather n.羽毛 17.bloom v.开花 18.bleak adj.阴冷的;阴郁的 19.fade v.逐渐消失;褪色 20.orchard n.果园 21.cluster n.串,丛,簇 22.wheat n.小麦 23.pile　　　　　 v.堆放,摞起 24.tinge v.着淡色于…… 25.wagon n.四轮运货车 26.reap v.收割(庄稼) 27.backyard n.后院 28.moribund adj.垂死的,奄奄一息的 29.tremble v.颤抖,发抖 30.throb v.生机勃勃;热闹 31.chorus n.合唱曲 32.robin n.知更鸟 33.catbird n.猫鹊 34.dove n.鸽子 35.jay n.松鸦 36.wren n.鹪鹩(一种褐色小鸟) 37.marsh n.沼泽,湿地 38.fable n.寓言 39.alert v.提醒,使(某人)意识到 40.knowingly adv.故意地 41.gypsy moth 舞毒蛾 42.posthumous adj.死后获得的 43.marine adj.海洋的 44.diamond n.钻石
拓 展 词 汇 1.weekly adj.一周一次的,每周的→week n.周;星期 2.inspector n.检查员,巡视员→inspect v.检查;视察→inspection n.检查;视察;查看 3.bend v.变弯曲→bent adj.弯曲的 4.innocent adj.天真无邪的;无辜的,清白的→innocently adv.天真地;纯洁地→innocence n.天真;无辜;清白 5.puzzled adj.困惑的,无法理解的→puzzle n.谜;不解之谜 v.迷惑;使困惑→puzzling adj.令人迷惑的;费解的 6.elegance n.优美;简洁→elegant adj.优美的;文雅的;简练的;简洁的→elegantly adv.优雅地;精美地 7.passionate adj.具有强烈信念的→passionately adv.热情地;强烈地→passion n.强烈情感;激情
续　表
重 点 词 块 1.talk away　　　　　　喋喋不休,不断地说 2.come around/round 短暂访问 3.break out 爆发 4.filter into 渗入 5.alert sb to sth 提醒,使某人意识到某事 6.cause harm to 对……造成危害 7.urge sb to do sth 督促某人做某事 8.become a target for 成为……的目标 9.stand by　　　　　 坚持,信守(原有的决定、承 诺或宣言);支持;站在旁边; 袖手旁观 10.at the risk of 冒着……的危险 11.dozens of 几十;很多 12.regard...as... 把……视为;把……当作 13.rather than 而不是 14.be accessible to ……可到达的;……可接近 的;……可使用的
重 点 句 型 1.接着太阳出来了,等到我坐下来吃早餐时,太阳的光彩已是绚烂夺目,给雪地添了一抹柔和的粉红色。(by the time引导的时间状语从句) Then the sun came out,and by the time I had sat down to breakfast it was shining bravely and flushing the snow with delicate pinks. 2.许多人谈到它们,茫然困惑、惴惴不安。(形容词短语作状语) Many people spoke of them,puzzled and disturbed. 3.她认为化学工业正在明目张胆地对动植物,甚至对人类本身造成伤害,她希望人们在使用杀虫剂时能够更加负责、节制,并且严加监管。(复合宾语) She believed that the chemical industry was knowingly causing harm to plants,animals and even humans,and wished to see pesticides used in a more responsible, limited and carefully monitored way. 4.这本书最后的五十几页列出了卡森的资料来源,显示出她作为一名科学家的周密和严谨。(非谓语动词作状语) The 50 or so pages at the end of the book list Carson’s sources,showing how thorough and precise she was as a scientist.
表示否定/相反意义的前缀“in-” 集锦:
①appropriate→inappropriate不合适的　
②active→inactive不活跃的
③visible→invisible看不见的
④valid→invalid无效的
⑤complete→incomplete不完整的
⑥adequate→inadequate不足的
⑦correct→incorrect不正确的
⑧accurate→inaccurate不准确的
⑨tangible→intangible无形的
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)She had prepared lots of snacks,while my job was to have the backyard(后院) in order. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Eventually,my brother decided to leave rather than force the issue. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)As a new unit started,I asked everyone to write(write) a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Determined to turn her life around,Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a healthy lifestyle,before discovering a passion (热爱) for weightlifting. 5.(2025·浙江1月卷)Eschewing fertilisers (化肥) and power tools,it’s based on an elegantly(elegant) simple principle: to garden more like nature does. 6.(2025·浙江1月卷)Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women to rent rather than purchase them (而不是购买它们) outright,providing a less expensive solution to one-time event dressing. 7.(2024·浙江1月卷)This unbeatable price point encouraged me to experiment with dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying. 8.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)It should give you a precise definition of each word (每个词的精确定义), thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar,but not identical.
续　表
9.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)“I am not crazy,” says Dr.William Farber,shortly after performing(perform) acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. 10.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)What does Campbell urge people to do (do) regarding AI development 11.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Bailey then bent down (弯下腰) to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line,then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get medical attention. 12.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Enhance your photography skills (提升你的摄影技艺) — join Yellowstone’s park photographer for a hands-on programme to inspire new and creative ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone. 13.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)After the coding of all submissions,half a dozen categories (六个类别) were noted most often as important to visitors. 14.(2023·全国乙卷)Even though Britain has a reputation for (享有……声誉) less-than-impressive cuisine,it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.insist v.坚称,坚决认为;坚持
①The doctor insisted that she was (be) seriously ill and that she (should) be operated (operate) on immediately.
②Though I preferred cycling to the company,he insisted that he should drive me there.
→Though I preferred cycling to the company,he insisted on/upon driving me there.
2.ban v.禁止,取缔 n.禁令
①Students are banned (ban) from using mobile phones in class to keep their attention on lessons.
②Animal rights groups are calling for a ban on all animal performances in China.
③[倡议书]为了创建更干净的环境,禁止任何人随地乱扔垃圾。
→To create cleaner surroundings, everyone is banned from littering everywhere.(ban)
→To create cleaner surroundings, everyone is forbidden from littering/to litter everywhere.(forbid)
3.puzzled adj.困惑的,无法理解的;感到迷惑的
①The more he studied the puzzling data, the more puzzled he became.(puzzle)
②消防员对这场火灾的起因困惑不解。
→The firemen were puzzled about the cause of the fire.(puzzled adj.)
→The cause of the fire was a puzzle to the firemen.(puzzle n.)
→What puzzled the firemen was the cause of the fire.(puzzle v.)
4.passionate adj. 具有强烈信念的;热诚的;狂热的
既然你对这个节日充满热情,为什么不明年再来,亲身体验一下庆祝活动呢
→Since you have a passion for the festival,why not come next year and get exposed to the celebrations in the flesh (passion n.)
→Since you are passionate about the festival,why not come next year and get exposed to the celebrations in the flesh (passionate adj.)
5.stand by 坚持,信守(原有的决定、承诺或宣言);支持;站在旁边;袖手旁观
①In our maths class, “x” usually stands for an unknown number that we need to find out.
②[建议信]By no means can we stand by and do nothing in such a case.Learning about first aid is practical.
③[推荐信]因为被刷成了红色,这幢楼在楼群中很显眼,看起来很有吸引力。
Having been painted red, the building stands out among the buildings and looks attractive.
6.rather than 宁可……也不愿;与其……倒不如;而不是
①Our class will have a discussion on Friday,or rather (确切地讲), a debate about whether students should take part-time jobs on weekends.
②Our teacher suggests we spend more time reading textbooks rather than (而不是) just doing exercises to build a solid knowledge base.
③我宁愿步行上班也不愿在拥堵中开车。
→I prefer to walk to work rather than drive in heavy traffic.(prefer to do...rather than do...)
→I would rather walk to work than drive in heavy traffic.(would rather do...than do...)
→I would walk to work rather than drive in heavy traffic.(would do...rather than do...)
7.by the time引导时间状语从句
[教材原句]Then the sun came out, and by the time I had sat down to breakfast it was shining bravely and flushing the snow with delicate pinks.
接着太阳出来了,等到我坐下来吃早餐时,太阳的光彩已是绚烂夺目,给雪地添了一抹柔和的粉红色。
①[环境描写]By the time she left the office, the sun had set (set).
②[活动报道]到上月底,我们班通过售卖手工制品,已经为学校的慈善活动筹集到了足够的资金。
By the end of last month, our class had raised enough money for the school charity event through selling handmade crafts.
③截至本十年末,科学家们将在可再生能源领域取得重大进展。
By the end of this decade, scientists will have made significant advancements in renewable energy.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] I was nearly as excited about it this morning as the children,①whom I found all looking through the
window at the magic outside and talking away as excitedly ②as if Christmas had suddenly come round again.
尝试分析:此句为复合句。句子主干为I was excited,其中含有as...as的同级比较。句中①为whom引导的定语从句,修饰先行词children;②为as if引导的状语从句,使用了虚拟语气,叙述与过去事实相反的情况。
自主翻译:对于这场雪,我今早近乎像孩子们那样兴奋。孩子们透过窗户看着外面奇妙的世界,兴奋地说个不停,就像圣诞节突然又要来了一般。
情境仿写:对于这场旅行,我昨晚近乎像孩子们那样兴奋。孩子们透过车窗看着外面奇妙的世界,兴奋地说个不停,就像假期突然又要来了一般。
I was nearly as excited about the trip last night as the children,whom I found all looking through the window of the car at the magic outside and talking away as excitedly as if holidays had suddenly come round again.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.launch
A.v. 推出、发布(新产品)　B.v. 发射　C.v.发动
①They have successfully launched a satellite equipped with high-resolution cameras.　B　
②He was poising himself to launch a final attack.　C　
③The new model will be launched in July.　A　
2.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)They enhance productivity.v.增强
②(2025·浙江1月卷)Beautiful year-round,they invite you to enjoy the smallest detail,from the sound of grasses in the gentle wind to the sculpture of odd-looking seed heads.adj.温和的
③(2025·浙江1月卷)“It’s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to meet new people,” said Ribeiro.n.热爱
④(2024·北京卷)Finally, I conducted an elegant experiment that would not have been possible without the help of the members in the lab.adj.简练的,巧妙的
⑤(2023·浙江1月卷)Read a book,knit,do a crossword puzzle,or simply watch the world unfold outside the window.n.字谜
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Some schools have put in place policies, banning (ban) or controlling phone use during school hours.
2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Describing (describe) her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway,Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live,and not just rush through.”
3.(2024·新课标 Ⅱ 卷)“We are passionate (passion) about reducing waste,carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee.
4.(2023·全国甲卷)Serving hard-to-find Thai dishes in an elegant (elegance) atmosphere,the restaurant is true to Thai cuisine’s roots,yet still manages to add a special twist.
5.He claimed that he was innocent but there was no evidence of his innocence.(innocent)
6.We went through the report thoroughly (thorough) but couldn’t find the information anywhere.
7.The principle went on a tour of inspection (inspect) of all the classrooms.
8.After countless interviews and presentations,I managed to stand out among the candidates.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入]记叙文—自然环境—用文字表达自然之美
　　请回忆一下你最喜欢的一场冬雪并发表个人看法。
[场景演练]
1.一般来说,冬天因雪而被人们记住。(be remembered for)
Generally speaking,winter is remembered by people for snow.
2.这是我出生以来第一次看到如此漂亮的雪。(it is the first time...since)
It is the first time that I have seen such wonderful snow since I was born.
3.我醒来后是白雪覆盖的世界。(wake up to)
I woke up to a world covered with snow.
4.雪把整个世界变成了白色。(transform...into)
Snow transformed the whole world into a white one.
5.而且,雪不仅可以美化我们的环境,还可以净化我们的心灵。(not only...but also)
Moreover,snow not only beautifies our environment but also purifies our hearts.
6.更重要的是,雪被认为是来年丰收的标志。(be regarded as)
More importantly,snow is regarded as a sign of a rich harvest in the coming year.
[句式升级]
将第3句和第4句用现在分词短语作后置定语进行改写升级。
I woke up to a world covered with snow transforming the whole world into a white one.
[连句成篇]
　　Generally speaking,winter is remembered by people for snow. It is the first time that I have seen such wonderful snow since I was born. I woke up to a world covered with snow transforming the whole world into a white one.Moreover,snow not only beautifies our environment but also purifies our hearts.More importantly,snow is regarded as a sign of a rich harvest in the coming year.
　　要求:请根据P250的线训练,再结合括号中的提示完成句式升级,并续写后续内容,使故事情节更加完整。
Having quarreled with her friend Lily, Jane boiled with anger. Jane intended to find a better campsite alone.An hour later, what alarmed her was that she got lost in the forest.Jane knelt on the ground, ①with tears of regret clouding her eyes(with复合结构).②Clutching her hair(现在分词短语作状语), she uttered a cry of regret.③“Hadn’t I quarreled with Lily, walked away and climbed to the high place(虚拟条件句的省略和倒装), I wouldn’t have been trapped in this awful place!”④ Quite regretful and anxious(形容词短语作状语), she fell asleep with tears in her eyes.Lily and the police were searching the forest for Jane.Finally, they found Jane.⑤Lily stormed out of the car, rushed forward excitedly and hugged Jane tightly, saying that how much she was concerned about her.
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　 　　　　v.坚称,坚决认为 2.　　　　 n.开阔的景观,景色 3.　　　　 v.改进;增强 4.　　　　 v.吹过,掠过 5.　　　　 v.禁止,取缔 6.　　　　 　　　　number一打;许多 7.　　　　 adj.仔细的;缜密的 8.　　　　 adj.精确的;一丝不苟的 9.　　　　 n.推出,发起 10.　　　　 n.名誉,名望
阅 读 词 汇 1.secrecy　　　　　n.　　　　　　　 2.shaving n.　　　　　　　 3.flush v.　　　　　　　 4.plum n.　　　　　　　 5.faintly adv.　　　　　　　 6.dispose v.　　　　　　　 7.sparkle n.　　　　　　　 8.redden v.　　　　　　　 9.glare n.　　　　　　　 10.flake n.　　　　　　　 11.weathercock n.　　　　　　　 12.church n.　　　　　　　 13.rhyme n.　　　　　　　 14.alabaster n.　　　　　　　 15.goose n.　　　　　　　 16.feather n.　　　　　　　 17.bloom v.　　　　　　　 18.bleak adj.　　　　　　　 19.fade v.　　　　　　　 20.orchard n.　　　　　　　 21.cluster n.　　　　　　　 22.wheat n.　　　　　　　 23.pile　　　　　　v.　　　　　　　 24.tinge v.　　　　　　　 25.wagon n.　　　　　　　 26.reap v.　　　　　　　 27.backyard n.　　　　　　　 28.moribund adj.　　　　　　　 29.tremble v.　　　　　　　 30.throb v.　　　　　　　 31.chorus n.　　　　　　　 32.robin n.　　　　　　　 33.catbird n.　　　　　　　 34.dove n.　　　　　　　 35.jay n.　　　　　　　 36.wren n.　　　　　　　 37.marsh n.　　　　　　　 38.fable n.　　　　　　　 39.alert v.　　　　　　　 40.knowingly adv.　　　　　　　 41.gypsy moth 　　　　　　　 42.posthumous adj.　　　　　　　 43.marine adj.　　　　　　　 44.diamond n.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 adj.一周一次的,每周的→ 　　　　 n.周;星期 2.　　　　 n.检查员,巡视员→　　　　 v.检查;视察→　　　　 n.检查;视察;查看 3.　　　　 v.变弯曲→　　　　 adj.弯曲的 4.　　　　 adj.天真无邪的;无辜的,清白的→　　　　 adv.天真地;纯洁地→ 　　　　 n.天真;无辜;清白 5.　　　　 adj.困惑的,无法理解的→ 　　　　 n.谜;不解之谜 v.迷惑;使困惑→ 　　　　 adj.令人迷惑的;费解的 6.　　　　 n.优美;简洁→　　　　 adj.优美的;文雅的;简练的;简洁的→ 　　　　 adv.优雅地;精美地 7.　　　　 adj.具有强烈信念的→ 　　　　 adv.热情地;强烈地→ 　　　　 n.强烈情感;激情
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　　　　　喋喋不休,不断地说 2.　　　　　　　 短暂访问 3.　　　　　　　 爆发 4.　　　　　　　 渗入 5.　　　　　　　 提醒,使某人意识到某事 6.　　　　　　　 对……造成危害 7.　　　　　　　 督促某人做某事 8.　　　　　　　 成为……的目标 9.　　　　　　　　　　坚持,信守(原有的决定、承诺或宣言);支持;站在 旁边;袖手旁观 10.　　　　　　　 冒着……的危险 11.　　　　　　　 几十;很多 12.　　　　　　　 把……视为;把……当作 13.　　　　　　　 而不是 14.　　　　　　　 ……可到达的;……可接 近的;……可使用的
重 点 句 型 1.接着太阳出来了,等到我坐下来吃早餐时,太阳的光彩已是绚烂夺目,给雪地添了一抹柔和的粉红色。(by the time引导的时间状语从句) Then the sun came out,and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 it was shining bravely and flushing the snow with delicate pinks. 2.许多人谈到它们,茫然困惑、惴惴不安。(形容词短语作状语) Many people spoke of them,　　　　　　 　　　 　　　. 3.她认为化学工业正在明目张胆地对动植物,甚至对人类本身造成伤害,她希望人们在使用杀虫剂 时能够更加负责、节制,并且严加监管。(复合宾语) She believed that the chemical industry was knowingly causing harm to plants,animals and even humans,and wished 　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 4.这本书最后的五十几页列出了卡森的资料来源,显示出她作为一名科学家的周密和严谨。(非谓语动词作状语) The 50 or so pages at the end of the book list Carson’s sources,　　　　　 　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
表示否定/相反意义的前缀“in-” 集锦:
①appropriate→inappropriate不合适的　　　　　　　②active→inactive不活跃的
③visible→invisible看不见的 ④valid→invalid无效的
⑤complete→incomplete不完整的 ⑥adequate→inadequate不足的
⑦correct→incorrect不正确的 ⑧accurate→inaccurate不准确的
⑨tangible→intangible无形的
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)She had prepared lots of snacks,while my job was to have the 　　　　(后院) in order. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Eventually,my brother decided to leave rather 　　　　 force the issue. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)As a new unit started,I asked everyone 　　　　(write) a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Determined to turn her life around,Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a healthy lifestyle,before discovering a 　　　　 (热爱) for weightlifting. 5.(2025·浙江1月卷)Eschewing fertilisers (化肥) and power tools,it’s based on an 　　 　　(elegant) simple principle: to garden more like nature does. 6.(2025·浙江1月卷)Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women to rent 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (而不是购买它们) outright,providing a less expensive solution to one-time event dressing. 7.(2024·浙江1月卷)This unbeatable price point encouraged me to experiment with dozens 　　　　titles that I would never normally consider buying. 8.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)It should give you 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (每个词的精确定义), thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar,but not identical. 9.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)“I am not crazy,” says Dr.William Farber,shortly after 　　　　(perform) acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. 10.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)What does Campbell urge people 　　　　 (do) regarding AI development 11.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Bailey then 　　　　　　　　　 (弯下腰) to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line,then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get medical attention. 12.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (提升你的摄影技艺) — join Yellowstone’s park photographer for a hands-on programme to inspire new and creative ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone. 13.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)After the coding of all submissions,　　　　　　　　　　　　 (六个类别) were noted most often as important to visitors. 14.(2023·全国乙卷)Even though Britain 　　　　　　　　　　 　　 (享有……声誉) less-than-impressive cuisine,it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.insist v.坚称,坚决认为;坚持
①The doctor insisted that she 　　　　 (be) seriously ill and that she 　　　　 (operate) on immediately.
②Though I preferred cycling to the company,he insisted that he should drive me there.
→Though I preferred cycling to the company,he 　　　　　　　　　　　　 me there.
2.ban v.禁止,取缔 n.禁令
①Students 　　　　 (ban) from using mobile phones in class to keep their attention on lessons.
②Animal rights groups are calling for a ban 　　　　 all animal performances in China.
③[倡议书]为了创建更干净的环境,禁止任何人随地乱扔垃圾。
→To create cleaner surroundings, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(ban)
→To create cleaner surroundings, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(forbid)
3.puzzled adj.困惑的,无法理解的;感到迷惑的
①The more he studied the 　　　　 data, the more 　　　　 he became.(puzzle)
②消防员对这场火灾的起因困惑不解。
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(puzzled adj.)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(puzzle n.)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(puzzle v.)
4.passionate adj. 具有强烈信念的;热诚的;狂热的
既然你对这个节日充满热情,为什么不明年再来,亲身体验一下庆祝活动呢
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,why not come next year and get exposed to the celebrations in the flesh (passion n.)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,why not come next year and get exposed to the celebrations in the flesh (passionate adj.)
5.stand by 坚持,信守(原有的决定、承诺或宣言);支持;站在旁边;袖手旁观
①In our maths class, “x” usually stands 　　　　 an unknown number that we need to find out.
②[建议信]By no means can we stand 　　　　 and do nothing in such a case.Learning about first aid is practical.
③[推荐信]因为被刷成了红色,这幢楼在楼群中很显眼,看起来很有吸引力。
Having been painted red, 　　　　　　　　　　　　 among the buildings and looks attractive.
6.rather than 宁可……也不愿;与其……倒不如;而不是
①Our class will have a discussion on Friday,　　　　　　　　 (确切地讲), a debate about whether students should take part-time jobs on weekends.
②Our teacher suggests we spend more time reading textbooks 　　　　　　　　 (而不是) just doing exercises to build a solid knowledge base.
③我宁愿步行上班也不愿在拥堵中开车。
→
(prefer to do...rather than do...)
→
(would rather do...than do...)
→
(would do...rather than do...)
7.by the time引导时间状语从句
[教材原句]Then the sun came out, and by the time I had sat down to breakfast it was shining bravely and flushing the snow with delicate pinks.
接着太阳出来了,等到我坐下来吃早餐时,太阳的光彩已是绚烂夺目,给雪地添了一抹柔和的粉红色。
①[环境描写]By the time she left the office, the sun 　　　　 (set).
②[活动报道]到上月底,我们班通过售卖手工制品,已经为学校的慈善活动筹集到了足够的资金。
　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　, our class had raised enough money for the school charity event through selling handmade crafts.
③截至本十年末,科学家们将在可再生能源领域取得重大进展。
　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　, scientists will have made significant advancements in renewable energy.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] I was nearly as excited about it this morning as the children,①whom I found all looking through the window at the magic outside and talking away as excitedly ②as if Christmas had suddenly come round again.
尝试分析:此句为复合句。句子主干为I was excited,其中含有as...as的同级比较。句中①为whom引导的　　　　从句,修饰先行词children;②为as if引导的　　　　从句,使用了虚拟语气,叙述与　　　　　　　相反的情况。
自主翻译:
情境仿写:对于这场旅行,我昨晚近乎像孩子们那样兴奋。孩子们透过车窗看着外面奇妙的世界,兴奋地说个不停,就像假期突然又要来了一般。
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.launch
A.v. 推出、发布(新产品)　B.v. 发射　C.v.发动
①They have successfully launched a satellite equipped with high-resolution cameras.　　
②He was poising himself to launch a final attack.　　
③The new model will be launched in July.　　
2.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)They enhance productivity.　　　　　　　
②(2025·浙江1月卷)Beautiful year-round,they invite you to enjoy the smallest detail,from the sound of grasses in the gentle wind to the sculpture of odd-looking seed heads.　　　　　　　
③(2025·浙江1月卷)“It’s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to meet new people,” said Ribeiro.　　　　　　　
④(2024·北京卷)Finally, I conducted an elegant experiment that would not have been possible without the help of the members in the lab.　　　　　　　
⑤(2023·浙江1月卷)Read a book,knit,do a crossword puzzle,or simply watch the world unfold outside the window.　　　　　　　
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Some schools have put in place policies, 　　　　 (ban) or controlling phone use during school hours.
2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)　　　　 (describe) her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway,Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live,and not just rush through.”
3.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)“We are 　　　　 (passion) about reducing waste,carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee.
4.(2023·全国甲卷)Serving hard-to-find Thai dishes in an 　　　　 (elegance) atmosphere,the restaurant is true to Thai cuisine’s roots,yet still manages to add a special twist.
5.He claimed that he was 　　　　 but there was no evidence of his 　　　　.(innocent)
6.We went through the report 　　　　 (thorough) but couldn’t find the information anywhere.
7.The principle went on a tour of 　　　　 (inspect) of all the classrooms.
8.After countless interviews and presentations,I managed to stand 　　　　 among the candidates.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入]记叙文—自然环境—用文字表达自然之美
　　请回忆一下你最喜欢的一场冬雪并发表个人看法。
[场景演练]
1.一般来说,冬天因雪而被人们记住。(be remembered for)
2.这是我出生以来第一次看到如此漂亮的雪。(it is the first time...since)
3.我醒来后是白雪覆盖的世界。(wake up to)
4.雪把整个世界变成了白色。(transform...into)
5.而且,雪不仅可以美化我们的环境,还可以净化我们的心灵。(not only...but also)
6.更重要的是,雪被认为是来年丰收的标志。(be regarded as)
[句式升级]
将第3句和第4句用现在分词短语作后置定语进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
　　要求:请根据P342的线训练,再结合括号中的提示完成句式升级,并续写后续内容,使故事情节更加完整。
Having quarreled with her friend Lily, Jane boiled with anger. Jane intended to find a better campsite alone.An hour later, what alarmed her was that she got lost in the forest.Jane knelt on the ground, ①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(with复合结构).②　　　　　　　
　　　 　　(现在分词短语作状语), she uttered a cry of regret.③“　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(虚拟条件句的省略和倒装), I wouldn’t have been trapped in this awful place!”④　　　　　　　
　　 　　　　　　　(形容词短语作状语), she fell asleep with tears in her eyes.Lily and the police were searching the forest for Jane.Finally, they found Jane.⑤　

请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.superb 　　　 adj.极好的,出色的 2.sow v.播(种) 3.physician n.医生 4.bow v.鞠躬 5.rural adj.农村的,乡村的 6.decent adj.可接受的,相当好的 7.cottage n.乡村小屋 8.domestic 　　　 adj.驯养的;家养的 9.reluctant adj.不情愿的;勉强的 10.resign v.使自己顺从于(做)某事;安于 11.botanical adj.植物(学)的 12.ease n.舒适,悠闲 13.attain v.得到,获得
阅 读 词 汇 1.lotus 　　　　 n.莲花,荷花 2.termite n.白蚁 3.mound n.土堆,土丘 4.algae n.藻类(植物) 5.pine cone 松果,松球 6.tile n.瓦片 7.mimic v.模仿 8.waterfront n.滨水地区 9.promenade n.滨海步行道 10.plumbing n.管道系统 11.biomimicry n.仿生学 12.dioxide n.二氧化物 13.frontier n.(学科的)知识前沿 14.pond n.池塘 15.bat 　　　　 　 n.蝙蝠 16.echo-location n.回声定位 17.radar n.雷达 18.swimsuit n.游泳衣 19.dragonfly n.蜻蜓 20.drone n.无人驾驶飞机 21.spider n.蜘蛛 22.superficially adv.表面(上)地 23.deliberately adv.不慌不忙地,从容不迫地 24.lane n.(乡间的)小路 25.atop prep.在……顶上 26.mulberry n.桑葚;桑树 27.fulfilment n.满足(感)
拓 展 词 汇 1.architect n.建筑师→architecture n.建筑风格;建筑设计→architectural adj.建筑学的,建筑方面的 2.convert v.使转变;使转换→conversion n.转变;转换 3.wisdom n.智慧→wise adj.充满智慧的;明智的→unwise adj.不明智的→wisely adv.明智地 4.employ v.使用,运用→employer n.雇用者;雇主;老板→employee n.受雇者;雇工;雇员→employment n.工作;职业;受雇→unemployed adj.失业的 5.withdraw v.退出→withdrawal n.退出;收回;取款 6.depressive adj.抑郁的→depress v.使抑郁;使沮丧→depressed adj.沮丧的→depression n.抑郁症;沮丧;萧条期 7.depart v.离开→departure n.离开 8.purity n.纯洁;洁净→purify v.使纯净,净化→pure adj.纯的;纯净的→impure adj.不纯的;不洁的 9.reject v.拒绝接受→rejection n.拒绝接受;不予考虑 10.evaluate v.评估,评价→evaluation n.评估,估计;评价
续　表
重 点 词 块 1.take...for granted　 认为……理所当然 2.seek solutions to 寻求解决方法 3.take inspiration from 从……中获取 灵感 4.at ease with 不拘束,放松 5.convert...into (使)……转变为 6.respond to 响应;对……作出反应;回答 7.in return for 　　　　作为对……的回报 8.draw...from... 从……中得到…… 9.be opposed to 反对 10.withdraw from 从……撤出/退出 11.in other words 换句话说 12.resign oneself to 听任;顺从;只好接受某事
重 点 句 型 1.以这种方式思考是很自然的,但当然不是雨伞给了花朵灵感,也不是屋顶给了松果灵感。(it作形式主语) It is natural to think in this way,but of course it wasn’t the umbrella that inspired the flower or the roof that inspired the pine cone. 2.创造这样的建筑物能够使我们与我们的环境更和谐地相处。(非谓语动词作主语) Creating buildings such as these enables us to live in closer harmony with our environment. 3.陶渊明回归大自然是对自己反对的生活方式作出的一种反应,而梭罗则是出于个人的决定而改变自己的生活方式。(while引导让步状语从句) While Tao’s return to nature was a reaction to a lifestyle he was opposed to,Thoreau’s was a personal decision to transform the way he lived.
表示否定/相反意义的前缀“im-” 集锦:
①personal→impersonal缺乏人情味的;非指个人的　　
②possible→ impossible不可能的
③polite→ impolite不礼貌的 ④patient →impatient不耐烦的
⑤proper→improper不合适的 ⑥moral→immoral不道德的
⑦perfect→imperfect不完美的 ⑧practical→ impractical不切实际的
⑨mature→ immature不成熟的
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷) Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway,Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长)to champion “New York as a decent (相当好的) place to live,and not just rush through.” 2.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷)While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years (尽管近年来我们的道路可能已经在安全性方面做出了改进),transport studies also show declines in pedestrian(行人)mobility,especially among young children. 3.(2025· 新课标Ⅱ卷)They purify (pure) the environment. 4.(2025· 新课标Ⅱ卷) The awkward moment ended with the class erupting into laughter.I forced a smile,unsure how to respond (response) further. 5.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Things like kale ribs,fish collars,rejected (reject) sweet potatoes,and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and,with the help of a number of good chefs,turned into excellent cuisine. 6.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Here are some tips on making wise decisions (做出明智的决定) to minimise pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience. 7.(2024·浙江1月卷) There are things you can doto ease (ease) this problem. 8.(2024·浙江1月卷)Who are opposed to the project 9.(2024· 新课标Ⅰ卷) After Charlie had a heart attack,Tindale says,she was prepared to put him to sleep,but Farber’s treatments eased (ease) her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. 10.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)“We are passionate about reducing waste,carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee (employ). 11.(2024·全国甲卷)Each stop lasts an average of two days,and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural (乡村) populations with basic medical care,X-ray scans and prescriptions. 12.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I touched down in Vienna just 30 minutes before the departure (depart) of the last bus to Prague. 13.(2023·全国乙卷)Born to a Jewish family in Florence,she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician (医生) and performed surgery.
续　表
14.(2023·浙江1月卷)With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever,why not book your next domestic (国内的)vacation on a train 15.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) Within weeks,it had all been digested,and all that was left was pure (purify) water. 16.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) Then he went around to local ponds (pond) and streams and brought back some plants and animals. 17.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Programme evaluations (evaluate) show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.respond v.作出反应;回复,回答
①The school announced a new rule in response to students’ suggestions about extending library hours.
②[动作描写] When the teacher asked who could explain the grammar rule, several students raised their hands to respond to the question, and Tom’s clear response won everyone’s applause. (respond)
③[动作描写] The girl didn’t respond to the teacher’s call, as she was lost in thought.
→The girl made no response to the teacher’s call, as she was lost in thought.
2.employ v.使用,运用;雇用
①[报道] The employment rate has increased recently. The reason is that a lot of companies want to employ enough workers. Also, employers offer a higher pay to the qualified employees.(employ)
②[动作描写] While she employed herself in/was employed in preparing for the upcoming exam, she still found time to help her classmates with their studies.
→Employed in preparing for the upcoming exam, she still found time to help her classmates with their studies.(过去分词短语作状语)
→Employing herself in preparing for the upcoming exam,she still found time to help her classmates with their studies. (现在分词短语作状语)
3.ease n.舒适,悠闲 v.(使)减轻,缓解
①[动作描写] After practising the dialogue with her partner several times, Lily felt at ease with speaking English in front of the whole class.
②With the help of the Internet,we can obtain many learning materials with ease.
③[心理描写] 起初他有点紧张,但是观众热情的掌声很快使他放松了下来。
He was a bit nervous at first but the audience’s warm applause soon put him at ease.
4.evaluate v.评估,评价
①We evaluate employees by/on their problem-solving skills.
②[人物介绍] Her annual performance evaluation(evaluate)highlighted exceptional leadership in crisis management.
③Our research attempts to evaluate the effectiveness of different drugs (对不同药物的疗效进行评估).
5.take...for granted 认为……理所当然
①[活动报道] 上个月负责演讲活动时,我充分利用每个向同学们征求意见的机会,因此我完美地组织了这次活动。我的所有同学都以我为荣。
When I took charge of the speech activity last month,I took full advantage of every chance to ask my classmates for their opinions so that I organised the activity perfectly.All of my classmates took pride in me.
②[建议信] 很多学生想当然地认为不用努力就能通过期末考试,但那些认真对待的学生总会取得更好的成绩。
Many students take it for granted that they can pass the final exam without hard work, but those who take it seriously will always achieve better results.
6.in return for 作为对……的回报
①Students who actively participate in class discussions often gain a deeper understanding of the material, which in turn helps them perform better on tests.
②[人物描写] The two sisters took care of their sick mother by turns.
③[感谢信] 我在您的帮助下获得了第一名。我会更加努力工作以回报您耐心的指导。
I got first place under your help.I will work harder in return for your patient guidance.
7.非谓语动词作主语
[教材原句] Creating buildings such as these enables us to live in closer harmony with our environment.
创造这样的建筑物能够使我们与我们的环境更和谐地相处。
①[建议信] 每天读英语是一个提高语言技能的好方法。
Reading English every day is a good way to improve your language skills.
②[建议信] 现在记住这个公式将会帮助你的实验。
To memorise this formula now will help your experiment.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] In fact,we are ①so used to them that we may even take them for granted without realising ②how much inspiration they have given us.
尝试分析:此句为主从复合句。句中①为so...that...引导的结果状语从句;②为 how much引导的宾语从句,充当动词realising的宾语。
自主翻译:事实上,我们已经习惯了它们的存在,甚至可能把它们视为理所当然,却没有意识到它们给了我们多少灵感。
情境仿写:然而,我们已经习惯了父母给予我们的爱,甚至可能认为这是理所当然的,却没有意识到他们给了我们多少关怀。
However,we are so used to our parents’ love for us that we may even take it for granted without realising how much care they have given us.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025· 新课标Ⅱ卷)Helping the community lowers rates of depression.n.抑郁症
②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens (标本),and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change,I wanted to know:Are they usable ” v.作出反应,响应
③(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Back downtown during a workday,they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.adj.家庭的
④(2023·全国甲卷)Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still be employed today to draw attention to important truths.v.使用,运用
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
The environmental protection group strongly opposes① the construction of the new factory.Their opponent②, the industrial developer, holds the opposite③ view, claiming it will boost the economy. During the heated debate,opposing④ arguments were presented by both sides. The local council, which is opposed⑤ to rapid urbanisation, ultimately sided with the opposition⑥. This decision reflects the community’s divided opinions on progress.
环保小组强烈①反对新工厂的建设。他们的②对手——工业开发商——持有③相反的观点,声称该工厂将促进经济。在激烈的辩论中,双方都提出了④对立的论点。地方议会⑤反对快速城市化,最终选择支持⑥反对派。这一决定反映了社区在发展问题上存在的意见分歧。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)In my ninth-grade writing class last year,I met a cowboy who saved his town,a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s,and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected (reject) the love of her young life.
2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)It is estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050.
3.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)The best way to ease (ease) pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else.
4.In literature,the swan has been a symbol of purity (pure) and virtue.
5.Please hand in your keys at reception on your departure (depart) from the hotel.
6.The commander ordered an immediate withdrawal (withdraw) of the troops from this area.
7.She couldn’t come up with a solution to the problem,so she turned to me for help.
8.He resigned as head of department from the company after eight years of selfless work.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 投稿—自然给我们的启示—关爱自然
假设你是李华,你校英语周报组织了有关“自然给我们的启示”的故事评选,请你结合自身经历写一篇短文投稿。
[场景演练]
1.一天,我正在祖父母的花园里播撒向日葵种子。(sow)
One day,I was sowing sunflower seeds in my grandparents’ garden.
2.突然,一只在土堆上爬行的蚂蚁引起了我的注意。(mound)
Suddenly, an ant crawling on a mound caught my attention.
3.这只蚂蚁正想办法把一小块面包屑搬回巢穴,但它的努力是徒劳的。(seek solutions to)
The ant was seeking solutions to carrying a tiny piece of bread to its nest, but its efforts were in vain.
4.这只蚂蚁面对面包坐立不安,焦躁地来回踱步。(at ease)
The ant was not at ease with the bread, pacing back and forth with anxiety.
5.正当我疑惑为什么这只蚂蚁要如此费力地完成这个不可能的任务时,我看到有更多的蚂蚁加入了它的行列。(attain)
While I was wondering why the ant was trying so hard to attain the impossible task, I saw it was joined by more ants.
6.蚂蚁们机智地协同工作,最终成功地把面包块带到了它们的巢穴。(wisely)
The ants worked together wisely, and eventually managed to carry the piece of bread to their nest.
7.我们理所当然地认为某些事情是不可能的。(take... for granted)
We take it for granted that something is impossible.
8.其实,我们可以从自然中获得灵感,而合作是一种很好的方式。(take inspiration from;非谓语动词作主语)
Actually, we can take inspiration from nature, and cooperating is an excellent way.
[句式升级]
1.将第1句和第2句用be doing...when结构进行改写升级。
One day, I was sowing sunflower seeds in my grandparents’ garden when an ant crawling on a mound caught my attention.
2.将第6句用非谓语进行改写升级。
The ants worked together wisely, eventually managing to carry the piece of bread to their nest.
[连句成篇]
One day,I was sowing sunflower seeds in my grandparents’ garden when an ant crawling on a mound caught my attention.
The ant was seeking solutions to carrying a tiny piece of bread to its nest, but its efforts were in vain.The ant was not at ease with the bread,pacing back and forth with anxiety. While I was wondering why the ant was trying so hard to attain the impossible task, I saw it was joined by more ants. The ants worked together wisely, eventually managing to carry the piece of bread to their nest.
We take it for granted that something is impossible. Actually, we can take inspiration from nature, and cooperating is an excellent way.
　　简打算独自寻找一个更好的露营地点。一个小时后,让她感到害怕的是,她在森林里迷路了。简跪在地上,悔恨的泪水模糊了她的双眼。她紧握着头发,发出一声后悔的哭喊。“如果我没有和莉莉吵架,没有走开,没有爬到高处,我就不会被困在这个可怕的地方了!”她非常后悔、焦虑,眼含泪水地睡着了。莉莉和警察正在森林里寻找简。最后,他们找到了简。
Jane intended to find a better campsite alone.
An hour later,what alarmed her was that she got lost in the forest.
Jane knelt on the ground,and ①tears of regret clouded her eyes.
She clutched her hair and uttered ②a cry of regret.
“If I hadn’t quarrelled with Lily,walked away and climbed to the high place,I wouldn’t have been trapped in this awful place!”
She was quite ③regretful and anxious,and she fell asleep with tears in her eyes.
Lily and the police were searching the forest for Jane.Finally,they found Jane.
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.humanity 　　　 n.人类 2.victim n.受害者 3.client n.客户,客人,顾客 4.cite　　　　　　 v.引用,引述 5.bound adj.可能的 6.clue n.线索,提示
阅 读 词 汇 1.susceptible　　　 adj.易受影 响的 2.leap n.剧变 3.horizon n.地平线 4.reckon v.认为,以为 5.cell n.细胞 6.crater n.(物体坠落、炸弹爆炸等在地上造成的)坑 7.agile adj.敏捷的,灵活的 8.slope　　　　　 v.倾斜,成斜坡 9.hop n.跳跃 10.squeak v.发出吱吱声 11.tendon n.腱 12.wavelength n.波长 13.mutt n.杂种狗 14.frown v.皱眉 15.positronic adj.正电子的
拓 展 词 汇 1.artificial adj.人造的,人工的→artificially adv.人工地,人为地;不自然地 2.assistant n.助手,助理→assist v.协助;援助→assistance n.帮助;援助 3.potentially adv.潜在地→potential adj.潜在的,可能的 n.潜力,潜质;可 能性 4.automation n.自动化→automatic adj.自动的 n.自动变速汽车 5.capacity n.能力,才能;容量→capable adj.有能力的;能干的 6.analyse v.分析→analysis n.分析→analyst n.分析者,化验员 7.regulate v.控制,管理→regulation n.控制,管理→regulative adj.管理的;调整的 8.illegal adj.非法的,违法的→legal adj.合法的 9.immoral adj.不道德的,道德败坏的→moral adj.道德上的,有道德的n.教益,寓意;道德,品行,道德准则 10.assess v.评价,评定→assessment n.评价,评定 11.cycle n.自行车→cyclist n.骑自行车的人 12.demand n.需要,需求→demanding adj.要求高的;要求严格的;费力的 13.mechanical adj.机械的→mechanic n.技工→mechanism n.机械装置→mechanise v.使机械化 14.imitation n.仿制品→imitate v.仿效;模仿 15.tightly adv.紧紧地→tight adj.紧的,紧张的→tighten v.变紧;加强 16.desperate adj.拼命的,绝望的→desperately adv.拼命地,绝望地;极其,非常→desperation n.拼命, 绝望 17.faulty adj.有故障的,有缺陷的→fault n.故障; 过错 18.consistent adj.一贯的,一致的→inconsistent adj.不一致的→consistently adv.一贯地,一致地→consistency n.一致性;连贯性→consist v. 由……组成(或构成);在于;符合
续　表
重 点 词 块 1.artificial intelligence　人工智能 2.in contrast 相反 3.hang out 闲逛 4.be susceptible to 易受……的影响 5.hit the market 推向市场,投入市场 6.on the whole 总的来说;大体上 7.be capable of 有能力…… 8.wipe out 摧毁;毁灭 9.in the long run 从长远来看 10.be replaced with 被……取代 11.have no choice but to do 　 不得不做…… 12.bank on 依靠,指望 13.on the horizon 将要发生 14.around the corner 即将到来 15.be bound to 很有可能,肯 定会 16.go through 履行(某程序);经历(苦难等);完成;通过;检查;用完;浏览,查阅 17.change one’s mind 改变主意
重 点 句 型 1.那就是我要带过来一只的原因。(That is why...) That’s why I’m bringing one here. 2.环形山外侧向南倾斜,南面天空下方的地球全部显现出来,因此整个环形山山坡明亮了起来。(so that引导结果状语从句) The outer side of the crater sloped southward and the Earth,which was low in the southern sky,was nearly full,so that the entire crater-slope was brightly lit. 3.吉米虽然是个能手,但他比不过罗布特,因为它有四条腿和钢铁做的肌腱,还不用穿航天服。(though引导让步状语 从句) Jimmy,expert though he was,couldn’t outrace Robutt,who didn’t need a spacesuit,and had four legs and tendons of steel. 4.直到一个小时后,他才注意到卡罗琳把她的紧急呼叫装置留在了早餐桌上。(强调句型) It was not until an hour later that he noticed that Carolyn had left her emergency call device on the breakfast table.
表示否定/相反意义的前缀“il-” 集锦:
①legal→illegal 非法的　　　　
②logical→illogical不合逻辑的　　　　
③legible→illegible难以辨认的
④limitable→illimitable无限的
⑤licit→illicit非法的,不正当的
⑥liberal→illiberal不开明的
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)It’s estimated that the global demand (需求) for electricity could more than double by 2050. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Fortunately,analyses (analysis) suggest that renewables are up to the task. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)This energy transition (变革) is global,and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical(机械的) engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Though friendly(尽管很友好),he could easily knock over my niece’s small boys and my six-month-old granddaughter. 5.(2025·浙江1月卷)However,obtaining items that are rare,recently published or in high demand (需求) may take longer. 6.(2025·浙江1月卷)Similarly,anthropomorphised products could be created to take on stereotype-inconsistent(不一贯的)roles—a male robot that assists with nursing or a female robot that helps do calculations,for instance. 7.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity (人类). 8.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)However,most produce at the store went through weeks of travel (经历了数周的运输) and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. 9.(2024·全国甲卷)Studies suggest that eating only when you’re most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate (regulation) weight. 10.(2024·全国甲卷)They use their noses to assess (assess) their environment and look out for any signs of danger.
续　表
11.(2024·全国甲卷)That’s why (那就是……的原因) most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats,which they don’t usually like. 12.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Given the astonishing potential(潜力) of AI to transform our lives,we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future,and this is where AI by Design:A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. 13.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence (人工智能),or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. 14.(2023·全国乙卷)She had to say goodbye to her two dogs and to the beach,where she loved to ride waves on her board.But it was time to take the leap(飞跃),however heartbreaking it would be. 15.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)In April last year,I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka.They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight (紧张的) budget.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.capacity n.能力,才能;容量
①The theatre has a seating capacity of 2,000.
②[申请信] 通过运营班级社交媒体账号,我有在有限资源下创作高效传播内容的能力。
→Through managing class social media accounts,I have the capacity to create/for creating high-impact content under limited resources.(capacity)
→Through managing class social media accounts,I am capable of creating high-impact content under limited resources.(capable)
2.demand n.需要,需求 vi.&vt.强烈要求;需要
①[演讲稿] More wind power stations will spring up to meet the people’s demands for clean energy.
②[介绍信] Nowadays science graduates are in greater demand because advanced science has created more demanding (demand) jobs.
③[建议信] 我们提议校管理处对计算机实验室老旧设备进行升级改造,使其符合当前技术标准。
We demand that the school administration (should) upgrade the outdated computer lab equipment to meet current technological standards.
3.desperate adj.拼命的,绝望的
①[动作描写] With the floodwaters rising,Maria desperately (desperate) clung to the tree branch,her fingers bleeding but refusing to let go.
②[情感描写] 救援队迫切希望在暴风雨来临前找到失踪登山者的任何踪迹。
The rescue team were desperate to find any sign of the missing climbers before the storm hit.
③[情感描写] 她渴望能有机会在即将到来的比赛中证明自己。
She was desperate for a chance to prove herself in the upcoming competition.
4.consistent adj.一贯的,一致的;始终如一的;持续的,连续的
①[演讲稿] Just as the old saying goes: our deeds must be consistent with our words.
②由12名救援人员组成的救援队受到了当地政府的表扬。
→The rescue team that/which consisted of 12 rescue workers was praised by the local government.(定语从句)
→The rescue team consisting of 12 rescue workers was praised by the local government.(现在分词短语作定语)
5.go through 履行(某程序);经历(苦难等);完成;通过;检查;用完;浏览,查阅
①You do not have to rush—as you have a year to go through the project.完成
②[申请信] I would appreciate it if you could take some time to go through my application.浏览,查阅
③[求助信] Could you give me some advice on how to go through the job interview 通过
④[人物介绍] 尽管他经历了起伏,但我的确相信他总有一天会成功的。
Although he has gone through ups and downs,I do believe he will succeed one day.
6.hang out 闲逛,逗留
①Tourists hung around/about the antique market stalls,fingering porcelain fragments as they examined patterns.
②[动作描写] Someone called me up last night,but he hung up before I could answer it.
③I know you are tired after a long walk,but try to hang on a bit longer.
④[介绍信] I have been busy making preparations for the final exam,leaving me little time to hang out with my friends.
7.so that引导结果状语从句
[教材原句]The outer side of the crater sloped southward and the Earth,which was low in the southern sky,was nearly full,so that the entire crater-slope was brightly lit.
环形山外侧向南倾斜,南面天空下方的地球全部显现出来,因此整个环形山山坡明亮了起来。
①她夜以继日地学习,结果以优异的成绩通过了考试。
She studied day and night,so that she passed the exam with flying colours.
②[告知信] 我想告知你一些详细的信息,以便你能为此做好充分的准备。
I’d like to inform you of some detailed information so that you can make full preparations for it.
③[动作描写] 我的老师露出微笑,说:“你在写作上下了功夫,因此你获得了一等奖。”
My teacher cracked a smile,saying,“You had worked hard at your writing so that you won first prize.”
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] Every recommendation ①she gives me is great ②since she can predict ③if I will like a particular restaurant.
尝试分析:此句为主从复合句。句子的主干是Every recommendation is great,句中①为省略关系代词that的定语从句,修饰先行词 recommendation;②为 since引导的原因状语从句,其中③为if引导的宾语从句。
自主翻译:因为她可以预测我是否会喜欢某一个餐厅,所以她给我的每一个建议都很棒。
情境仿写:①他推荐的每一本书都变成我的最爱,因为他知道情节是否会符合我的口味。
Every book (that) he suggests becomes my favourite since he knows if the plot will align with my taste.
②专家提出的每个建议都是恰当的,因为他知道它是否能够解决问题。
Each suggestion the expert offers is proper since he knows if it can solve the problem.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.leap
A.n.跳跃　B.n.剧增　C.vi.猛冲;突然做(某事)
①He leapt across the room to answer the door.　C　
②With one leap he crossed the stream.　A　
③There was a leap in profits due to the introduction of the new machine.　B　
2.bound
A.adj.一定会　 B.adj.准备前往(某地)
C.vi.跳跃;跳跃着前进　 D.n.蹦跳
①I boarded the train that was bound for Shanghai.　B　
②Tom came,bounding into the room holding a letter.　C　
③You have done so much work that you are bound to pass the exam.　A　
④The dog greeted its owner with a joyful bound.　D　
3.写出语段中黑体词的含义
I love to cycle① through the park daily.The seasons cycle②,but the joy stays:spring blooms,summer breezes,all witnessed as I cycle③.This cycle④ of nature and motion keeps me energised,a perfect daily rhythm.
我喜欢每天①骑车穿过公园。季节②循环,但乐趣不变:春花绽放、夏日微风,都是我③骑车时见证的景象。这种自然与运动的④循环让我活力满满,是完美的日常节奏。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)I realised it was me who was at fault.
2.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Such structured thinking,followed by global regulation (regulate),will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall.
3.(2023·浙江1月卷)I was standing by the car when a hummingbird flew to the centre of our group and began hovering.She turned from person to person until she came to me.She again looked directly into my eyes,then let out a squeaking(squeak) call and was gone.
4.This information is only raw data and will need further analysis (analyse).
5.You cannot legally (legal) take possession of the property until three weeks after the contract is signed.
6.Through the speech,the foreign students are bound to gain(gain) a better understanding of Chinese splendid traditional culture.
7.Her performance was assessed carefully,and the final assessment highlighted both her strengths and areas for improvement.(assess)
8.The boss demanded that the work (should) be finished (finish) within a week.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 投稿—科技发展与信息技术创新—未来生活
假设你是李华,某英文报社正在举办主题为“我们的未来生活”的征文活动,请根据你的畅想用英语写一篇短文。
[场景演练]
1.未来到底会是什么样子 首先,每个家庭都将拥有一个人工智能机器人。(artificial intelligence)
What on earth will be in the future First,each family will have an artificial intelligence robot.
2.它可以按要求做所有的事情。(as引导状语从句)
It can do all the things as it is told to.
3.而且汽车将被飞行器取代。这样就不会再有交通堵塞。(be replaced by)
Besides,cars will be replaced by flying devices.In this way,there will be no traffic jams.
4.此外,随着人工智能技术在医疗保健中广泛而深入的应用,人们的寿命必然会更长,将会轻松活到一百岁。(be bound to)
In addition,with AI technology widely and deeply applied in medical care,people are bound to live much longer and will easily live to be 100 years old.
5.总之,人工智能技术将在未来生活中发挥重要作用。(play a part in)
All in all,AI technology will play a great part in the future life.
6.人工智能技术的新纪元即将到来,我们别无选择,只能接受它。(around the corner;have no choice but to do)
A new era of AI technology is around the corner,and we have no choice but to embrace it.
[句式升级]
1.将第1句和第2句用定语从句进行改写升级。
What on earth will be in the future First,each family will have an artificial intelligence robot that can do all the things as it is told to.
2.将第3句用so that...进行改写升级。
Besides,cars will be replaced by flying devices so that there will be no traffic jams.
[连句成篇]
　　What on earth will be in the future
First,each family will have an artificial intelligence robot that can do all the things as it is told to.Besides,cars will be replaced by flying devices so that there will be no traffic jams.In addition,with AI technology widely and deeply applied in medical care,people are bound to live much longer and will easily live to be 100 years old.
All in all,AI technology will play a great part in the future life.A new era of AI technology is around the corner,and we have no choice but to embrace it.
regret v.&n.懊悔,惋惜 regretful adj.后悔的,遗憾的 guilt n.内疚 guilty adj.内疚的 guiltily adv.内疚地 regret doing sth后悔做了某事 to one’s great regret/much to one’s regret令某人深感遗憾的是 后悔、 内疚、 自责 with deep/great regret很遗憾 be full of guilt/be filled with guilt/be consumed with guilt/be overcome by guilt满心愧疚 a guilty look on one’s face脸上露出惭愧的表情 drown in feelings of guilt沉浸在内疚感之中 tears of regret悔恨的泪水 a cry of regret后悔的哭喊
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　 　　 　　v.(使)摆好姿势 2.　　　　 n.试验 3.　　　　 n.庭院,院子 4.　　　　 adj.珍稀的;贵重的 5.　　　　 　　 　　v.擦亮,擦光 6.　　　　 v.(狗)吠叫 7.　　　　 v.包括,由……构成
阅 读 词 汇 1.lens 　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 2.grocery n.　　　　　　　 3.faraway adj.　　　　　　　 4.celebrity n.　　　　　　　 5.anthropologist n.　　　　　　　 6.hydrogen n.　　　　　　　 7.propulsion n.　　　　　　　 8.acclaim n.　　　　　　　 9.shun v.　　　　　　　 10.spotlight n.　　　　　　　 11.harsh adj.　　　　　　　 12.antique n.　　　　　　　 13.crimson adj.　　　　　　　 14.workplace n.　　　　　　　 15.timepiece n.　　　　　　　 16.envoy n.　　　　　　　 17.intricate 　　　　　adj.　　　　　　　 18.painstaking adj.　　　　　　　 19.workshop n.　　　　　　　 20.melody n.　　　　　　　 21.gigantic adj.　　　　　　　 22.flap v.　　　　　　　 23.spin v.　　　　　　　 24.exaggeration n.　　　　　　　 25.metaphor n.　　　　　　　 26.nonetheless adv.　　　　　　　 27.artisan n.　　　　　　　 28.apt adj.　　　　　　　 29.timeless adj.　　　　　　　 30.sedately adv.　　　　　　　 31.modest adj.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 n.着迷,迷恋;魅力;极大的吸引力→　　　　 v.深深吸引;迷住→　　　　 adj.极有吸引力的;迷人的→　　　　 adj.入迷的;极感兴趣的 2.　　　　 n.时尚→　　　　 adj.流行的;时兴的;时髦的 3.　　　　 adj.不复杂的,简单的;单纯的→(反义词)　　　　 adj.复杂的;难懂的→　　　　 v.使复杂化→　　　　 n.使更复杂化(或更困难)的事物 4.　　　　 adj.原子能的;核能的→ 　　　　 n.原子
拓 展 词 汇 5.　　　　 n.(某一行业所需的)技能;工艺;手艺→　　　　 n.工匠;手艺人→　　　　 n.手艺;工艺;技艺 6.　　　　 adj.富裕的,繁荣的,兴旺的,发达的→　　　　 n.兴旺,繁荣→　　　　 v.繁荣,兴旺 7.　　　　 n.(旧建筑或旧家具等的)修复,整修→　　　　 v.恢复(某种情况或感受);修复 8.　　　　 n.最大量,最大值 adj.最高的,最多的,最大极限的→　　　　 v.使增加到最大限度;最大限度地利用→(反义词)　　　　 n.最小值,最少量 adj.最低的,最小的,最低限度的→　　　　 v.使减少到最低限度;降低;使最小化 9.　　　　 v.维护,保护;保存→　　　　 n.保护,维护;保存 10.　　　　 v.支配,控制,主宰→　　　　 n.控制;统治→　　　　 n.支配地位 11.　　　　 n.建筑风格,建筑设计→ 　　　　 n.建筑师→　　　　 adj.建筑学的,建筑方面的 12.　　　　 adj.宏大的,艰巨的→　　　　 n.野心;雄心;志向;抱负 13.　　　　 v.与……有关→　　　　 n.联系;协会;社团→　　　　 adj.有联系的;联合的 14.　　　　 (pl.　　　　) n.分析→ 　　　　 v.分析→　　　　 n.分析者,化验员
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　　　 　反复试验(以得出 最佳结果) 2.　　　　　　　 退让;认输 3.　　　　　　　 (某事物发展的) 尖端,最前沿 4.　　　　　　　 不拘一格地思考, 跳出框框思考;另辟 蹊径 5.　　　　　　　 开辟新的领域;有新 发现 6.　　　　　　　 喷气推进 7.　　　　　　　 只不过;仅仅 8.　　　　　　　 为……摆好姿势 9.　　　　　　　 不管,不顾;不理会 10.　　　　　　　　　　……的方法;通往……的路 11.　　　　　　　 有助于;导致 12.　　　　　　　 按某人自己的步调 13.　　　　　　　 日复一日 14.　　　　　　　 范围涵盖……到…… 15.　　　　　　　 使……复活,使……重生 16.　　　　　　　 追溯到;始于 17.　　　　　　　 把……传给 18.　　　　　　　 承担;呈现;具有(特征); 雇用 19.　　　　　　　 占用,花费(时间、空 间或精力);开始从事 20.　　　　　　　 遗留,把……落在后面
重 点 句 型 1.甚至在暴风雨时,他也会待在外面,直到他认为自己已经拍摄到满意的照片才回家。(not...until...) He would even stay outside in a storm,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 2.他珍视自己的正直,不为任何人所动摇,无论提供给他多少免费衣物或远程航班。(“no matter+疑问词”引导的让步状语从句) He valued his integrity and would not be bought by anyone,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　he was offered.
3.若不是一部三集的纪录片,外面的人永远也不会知道,在这里工作的那些衣着朴素的人都是精于各门技艺的大师,他们毕生都在修复珍贵的古董。(if引导的虚拟条件句) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,outsiders would never have known that the plainly-dressed people working here are masters of their craft,who have spent their lives restoring precious antiques. 4.即使故宫博物院的每一件钟表都被修复了,仍然有工作要做,因为可能需要重新开始对很久以前修复的钟表进行修复。(even if 引导让步状语从句) 　　　　　　　　 every clock in the Palace Museum were restored,there would still be work to do,because restoration would probably need to begin again on the clocks that were repaired long ago.
变动词的前缀“en-” 集锦:
①courage→encourage鼓励　　　　　
②rich→enrich使丰富　　　　　　　　
③large→ enlarge扩大
④able→ enable使能够
⑤danger→endanger使遭遇危险
⑥sure→ensure确保
⑦title→ entitle给……命名
⑧close→ enclose围绕,环绕
⑨lighten→ enlighten启发
1.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)“Plants 　　　　　　　　(流行) right now,” says Dr.Melinda Knuth,a researcher from the University of Florida. 2.(2025·浙江1月卷)A novel design 　　　　　　　　(……的方法) gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide. 3.(2025·浙江1月卷)“Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead on the fact that they have something unique to wear and are not overstuffing their own wardrobes(衣柜) or 　　　　　　　　(导致) landfill.” 4.(2025·浙江1月卷)The stereotypes commonly 　　　　　　　　(与……相关) men,such as competitiveness and 　　　　(dominate),are more valued than those 　　　　(associate) with women. 5.(2024·全国甲卷)Elizabeth Sims 　　　　(analyse) the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work. 6.(2024·浙江1月卷)But farmers in east-central Alberta—downwind of the hail project flights—worry that 　　　　 (宝贵的) moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding. 7.(2024·全国甲卷)Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance,inspire fashion and create art,while making your own spineless artists 　　　　　　　　　　　　(用手工材料制成). 8.(2024·北京卷)If you want to develop 　　　　(最大的) credibility (可信性),is it better to be a hedgehog (刺猬) or a fox 9.(2024·全国甲卷)He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters,endings that satisfied the story even 　　　　 they didn’t have a traditionally positive outcome.
10.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)In fact,don’t wait 　　　　 you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. 11.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)When I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(把文章递给我老师),he read it,laughed out loud,and said,“Great.Now,write it again.” 12.(2023·浙江1月卷)But 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(无论你什么时候旅行),it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance. 13.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and 　　 　　(pose)—absorbed in a volume,deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. 14.(2023·全国乙卷)But for all its ancient buildings,Beijing is also a place which welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life,with 21st-century 　　　　　　　　(建筑奇迹) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. 15.(2023·全国乙卷)Still,looking back on the photos,they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better 　　　　 I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. 16.(2022·全国甲卷)Where 　　　　(试错法) was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. 17.(2022·新课标Ⅱ卷)Sorry,kid.This book is not part of your high-tech world.It’s an outdated,lifeless thing.An 　　　　(古董).Like your grandfather. 18.(2022·新课标Ⅰ卷)The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems,　　　　(preserve) biological diversity,protecting ecological buffer zones,and leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.preserve v.维护,保护;保存;维持n.保护区
①The school emphasises the 　　　　(preserve) of historic buildings on campus.
②[倡议书]We should preserve our eyesight 　　　　 being damaged by spending too much time on electronic devices while studying.
2.ambitious adj.宏大的,艰巨的;有抱负的,有野心的,有雄心的
①Many senior high students are ambitious 　　　　 (get) admitted to their dream universities,so they study hard every day.
②[人物介绍]The young man with great 　　　　 had an 　　　　 plan to build a school in his hometown.(ambition)
③[演讲稿] 尽管生活可能会给我带来挑战,但我会把它们当作“命运的礼物”来实现我的抱负。
Though life may throw challenges on my way,I’ll regard them as “gifts of fate” 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
3.date back (to) 追回到;追溯到
①[介绍信] Our teacher always makes sure the study materials she gives us are up 　　　　 date with the latest exam requirements.
②[介绍传统文化] 中国的饮茶文化源远流长,可以追溯到1 000多年前。
→Chinese tea-drinking culture has a long history 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 more than 1,000 years ago.(定语从句)
→Chinese tea-drinking culture has a long history 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 more than 1,000 years ago.(分词短语作定语)
4.leave (...) behind遗留;把……丢在后面
①[活动报道]In the five-kilometre cross-country running race,so fast did Amy run that she soon left the rest of us 　　　　.
②[建议信] It would be a good idea if we could leave 　　　　 the challenging problem temporarily and leave 　　　　 the park to get refreshed.
③If your friends are upset,sometimes it’s best 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(让他们独处一会儿).
5.if引导虚拟语气
[教材原句] If it hadn’t been for a three-episode documentary,outsiders would never have known that the plainly-dressed people working here are masters of their craft...
若不是一部三集的纪录片,外面的人永远不会知道,在这里工作的那些衣着朴素的人都是精于各门技艺的大师……
①[感谢信] 我感激地说:“如果你没有给我提供好的建议,我就不会在激烈的比赛中获得第一名。”
I said gratefully,“　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　,I wouldn’t have won first place in the competitive contest.”
②[通知] 如果明天真的下雨,野餐就会取消。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,the picnic would be cancelled.
从句中如果有were、should、had,可将if省略,把were、should、had提到主语之前,构成倒装句式。
If I were you,I would recycle these materials.→Were I you,I would recycle these materials.
If it should rain tomorrow,the outdoor activity would be cancelled.→Should it rain tomorrow,the outdoor activity would be cancelled.
If I had reviewed the formulas earlier,I wouldn’t have failed the maths test.→Had I reviewed the formulas earlier,I wouldn’t have failed the maths test.
6.even if/though引导让步状语从句
[教材原句] Even if every clock in the Palace Museum were restored,there would still be work to do,because restoration would probably need to begin again on the clocks that were repaired long ago.
即使故宫博物院的每一件钟表都被修复了,仍然有工作要做,因为可能需要重新开始对很久以前修复的钟表进行修复。
①[建议信] 即使面临诸多困难,你也应该坚持你的梦想。
You ought to carry on with your dream,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
②[动作描写] Jerry答应保守秘密,所以即使被要求,他也不会告诉任何人的。
Jerry has promised to keep the secret,so he will not tell anyone 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　.
③[推荐信] 她为了数学考试熬夜学习到很晚,但即便如此,走进教室时她还是觉得没准备好。
She stayed up late studying for the maths test,but 　　　　　　　　,she still felt unprepared well when she walked into the classroom.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] Through his fascination with ①what people were wearing,and not ②who they were,he opened the doors of fashion to everyone—fashion ③as he saw it belonged to the people,not just to high society and big brands.
尝试分析:此句为复合句。句子主干是he opened the doors of fashion to everyone。①与②为并列的　　　　从句,充当介词with的　　　　;③为as引导的　　　　从句。
自主翻译:

情境仿写:通过关注人们所做的事,而不是他们所说的话,他发现了每个人成功的秘诀——在他看来,成功属于勤奋的人,而不仅仅属于聪明的人。
Through his focus on 　　　　　　　　　　　　,and not 　　　　　　　　　　　　, he found the secret of success for everyone—success 　　　　　　　　 belonged to diligent people,not just to smart people.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.pose
A.vi.摆好姿势　B.vt.造成　C.vt.提出　D.vi.冒充
①The researchers pose problems that require detailed technical help.　　
②This could pose a threat to jobs in the coal industry.　　
③Please sit still while you pose for your photo.　　
④The police posed as ordinary people to trap the suspect.　　
2.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)My daily posts and the visits I received became a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house.　　　　　　　
②(2025·浙江1月卷) Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women to rent rather than purchase them outright,providing a less expensive solution to one-time event dressing.　　　　　　　
③(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)But things were different for their first essay,which was about the question: “Why is writing important ”Most of the essays filled less than one page,and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement.　　　　　　　
④(2024·全国甲卷)This area,with its unique and breathtaking natural beauty,must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy — as a national park.　　　　　　　
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·浙江1月卷)Instead,she recommends applying a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the “Division of Responsibility,” where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times,and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume—even 　　　　 that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots.
2.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in 　　　　(restore) sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys.
3.(2023·浙江1月卷)I remember showing my parents a video of Bea Johnson,sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy 　　　　 (grocery) with jars,and have so little trash!
4.(2023· 新课标Ⅱ卷)When I finally finished it,the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing.If I didn’t 　　　　 (win),I wouldn’t care.
5.This club welcomes all new members regardless 　　　　 age and education background.
6.At the class meeting,our head teacher made a detailed 　　　　 (analyse) of the test results.
7.My city is enjoying a period of peace and 　　　　,and I believe it is becoming more and more 　　　　.(prosperous)
8.Some people may think that a garden is nothing 　　　　 than plants and flowers.
9.We paid a visit to a grand palace designed by some famous 　　　　 yesterday and we were attracted by its splendid 　　　　.(architect)
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 倡议书—学校生活—工匠精神
假设你是李华,作为校科学社团的一员,有感于当下青少年在科学探索中对严谨态度和钻研精神的忽视,现向全校同学发起倡议,呼吁大家在科学学习与实践中践行工匠精神,努力成为兼具科学素养与专注品质的追求者。请你据此写一封倡议书。
[场景演练]
1.作为校科学社团的成员,我们深知工匠精神在科学探索中的重要性。(craftsmanship)
2.为了号召大家在学习和实践中践行这种宝贵的精神,我们提出以下建议。(precious)
3.首先,无论面对什么困难,都不要退缩。(regardless of; back down)
4.通过反复试验,你会开辟出新领域。(by trial and error)
5.而且,只有不拘一格地思考你才能获得科学技术的前沿知识。(think outside the box)
6.最后,你应该全身心投入到工作中,避开聚光灯,不追求名声。(devote oneself to)
7.所有这些因素都有助于你在科学方面成为具有工匠精神的人。 (contribute to)
8.让我们一起行动起来,把这种精神传递给身边的人吧!(pass on...to)
[句式升级]
1.将第4句用倒装句进行改写升级。
2.将第6句用现在分词短语作伴随状语进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
　　简盯着黑板上的复杂方程式,感到完全不知所措,她的大脑一片空白。她因沮丧而眉头紧锁,似乎无法理解方程式的任何部分。出于本能,她挠了挠头,试图唤醒记忆或是激发一些灵感,但都是徒劳。老师的讲解反而让她更加困惑。
　　Jane felt completely ①　　　　　　　　　　,and ②　　　　　　　　　　　　 as she stared at the complex equation on the blackboard.
　　Her ③　　　　　　　　　　　　 in frustration.She seemed to be unable to grasp any part of it.
　　Instinctively,she ④　　　　　　　　　　　　,and tried to arouse her memory or spark some inspirations,but in vain.
　　Instead,the teacher’s explanation ⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　 　　　adj.极好的,出色的 2.　　　　 v.播(种) 3.　　　　 n.医生 4.　　　　 v.鞠躬 5.　　　　 adj.农村的,乡村的 6.　　　　 adj.可接受的,相当好的 7.　　　　 n.乡村小屋 8.　　　　 　　　adj.驯养的;家养的 9.　　　　 adj.不情愿的;勉强的 10.　　　　 v.使自己顺从于(做)某事;安于 11.　　　　 adj.植物(学)的 12.　　　　 n.舒适,悠闲 13.　　　　 v.得到,获得
阅 读 词 汇 1.lotus 　　　　　n.　　　　　　　 2.termite n.　　　　　　　 3.mound n.　　　　　　　 4.algae n.　　　　　　　 5.pine cone 　　　　　　　 6.tile n.　　　　　　　 7.mimic v.　　　　　　　 8.waterfront n.　　　　　　　 9.promenade n.　　　　　　　 10.plumbing n.　　　　　　　 11.biomimicry n.　　　　　　　 12.dioxide n.　　　　　　　 13.frontier n.　　　　　　　 14.pond n.　　　　　　　 15.bat 　　　　 　n.　　　　　　　 16.echo-location n.　　　　　　　 17.radar n.　　　　　　　 18.swimsuit n.　　　　　　　 19.dragonfly n.　　　　　　　 20.drone n.　　　　　　　 21.spider n.　　　　　　　 22.superficially adv.　　　　　　　 23.deliberately adv.　　　　　　　 24.lane n.　　　　　　　 25.atop prep.　　　　　　　 26.mulberry n.　　　　　　　 27.fulfilment n.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 n.建筑师→　　　　 n.建筑风格;建筑设计→　　　　 adj.建筑学的,建筑方面的 2.　　　　 v.使转变;使转换→　　　　 n.转变;转换 3.　　　　 n.智慧→　　　　 adj.充满智慧的;明智的→　　　　 adj.不明智的→ 　　　　 adv.明智地 4.　　　　 v.使用,运用→ 　　　　 n.雇用者;雇主;老板→ 　　　　 n.受雇者;雇工;雇员→ 　　　　 n.工作;职业;受雇→ 　　　　 adj.失业的 5.　　　　 v.退出→　　　　 n.退出;收回;取款 6.　　　　 adj.抑郁的→　　　　 v.使抑郁;使沮丧→　　　　 adj.沮丧的→　　　　n.抑郁症;沮丧;萧条期
7.　　　　 v.离开→　　　　 n.离开 8.　　　　 n.纯洁;洁净→　　　　 v.使纯净,净化→　　　　 adj.纯的;纯净的→ 　　　　 adj.不纯的;不洁的 9.　　　　 v.拒绝接受→ 　　　　 n.拒绝接受;不予考虑 10.　　　　 v.评估,评价→ 　　　　 n.评估,估计;评价
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　　认为……理所当然 2.　　　　　　　 寻求解决方法 3.　　　　　　　 从……中获取灵感 4.　　　　　　　 不拘束,放松 5.　　　　　　　　 (使)……转变为 6.　　　　　　　　 响应;对……作出反应;回答 7.　　　　　　　　 　　作为对……的回报 8.　　　　　　　　 从……中得到…… 9.　　　　　　　　 反对 10.　　　　　　　　 从……撤出/退出 11.　　　　　　　　 换句话说 12.　　　　　　　　 听任;顺从;只好接受某事
重 点 句 型 1.以这种方式思考是很自然的,但当然不是雨伞给了花朵灵感,也不是屋顶给了松果灵感。(it作形式主语) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,but of course it wasn’t the umbrella that inspired the flower or the roof that inspired the pine cone. 2.创造这样的建筑物能够使我们与我们的环境更和谐地相处。(非谓语动词作主语) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 enables us to live in closer harmony with our environment. 3.陶渊明回归大自然是对自己反对的生活方式作出的一种反应,而梭罗则是出于个人的决定而改变自己的生活方式。(while引导让步状语从句) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,Thoreau’s was a personal decision to transform the way he lived.
表示否定/相反意义的前缀“im-” 集锦:
①personal→impersonal缺乏人情味的;非指个人的　　
②possible→ impossible不可能的
③polite→ impolite不礼貌的 ④patient →impatient不耐烦的
⑤proper→improper不合适的 ⑥moral→immoral不道德的
⑦perfect→imperfect不完美的 ⑧practical→ impractical不切实际的
⑨mature→ immature不成熟的
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷) Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway,Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长)to champion “New York as a 　　　　 (相当好的) place to live,and not just rush through.” 2.(2025· 新课标Ⅰ卷)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (尽管近年来我们的道路可能已经在安全性方面做出了改进),transport studies also show declines in pedestrian(行人)mobility,especially among young children. 3.(2025· 新课标Ⅱ卷)They 　　　　 (pure) the environment. 4.(2025· 新课标Ⅱ卷) The awkward moment ended with the class erupting into laughter.I forced a smile,unsure how 　　　　 (response) further.
5.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Things like kale ribs,fish collars,　　　　 (reject) sweet potatoes,and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and,with the help of a number of good chefs,turned into excellent cuisine. 6.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Here are some tips on 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (做出明智的决定) to minimise pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience. 7.(2024·浙江1月卷) There are things you can do　　　　 (ease) this problem. 8.(2024·浙江1月卷)Who are opposed 　　　　 the project 9.(2024· 新课标Ⅰ卷) After Charlie had a heart attack,Tindale says,she was prepared to put him to sleep,but Farber’s treatments 　　　　 (ease) her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. 10.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)“We are passionate about reducing waste,carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF 　　　　 (employ). 11.(2024·全国甲卷)Each stop lasts an average of two days,and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide 　　　　 (乡村) populations with basic medical care,X-ray scans and prescriptions. 12.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I touched down in Vienna just 30 minutes before the 　　　　 (depart) of the last bus to Prague. 13.(2023·全国乙卷)Born to a Jewish family in Florence,she moved to Paris where she worked as a 　　　　 (医生) and performed surgery. 14.(2023·浙江1月卷)With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever,why not book your next 　　　　 (国内的)vacation on a train 15.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) Within weeks,it had all been digested,and all that was left was 　　　　 (purify) water. 16.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) Then he went around to local 　　　　 (pond) and streams and brought back some plants and animals. 17.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Programme 　　　　 (evaluate) show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.respond v.作出反应;回复,回答
①The school announced a new rule in response 　　　　 students’ suggestions about extending library hours.
②[动作描写] When the teacher asked who could explain the grammar rule, several students raised their hands 　　　　 to the question, and Tom’s clear 　　　　 won everyone’s applause. (respond)
③[动作描写] The girl didn’t respond to the teacher’s call, as she was lost in thought.
→The girl 　　　　　　　　　　　　 the teacher’s call, as she was lost in thought.
2.employ v.使用,运用;雇用
①[报道] The 　　　　 rate has increased recently. The reason is that a lot of companies want to 　　　　 enough workers. Also, 　　　　 offer a higher pay to the qualified 　　　　.(employ)
②[动作描写] While she employed herself in/was employed in preparing for the upcoming exam, she still found time to help her classmates with their studies.
→　　　　　　　　 preparing for the upcoming exam, she still found time to help her classmates with their studies.(过去分词短语作状语)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 preparing for the upcoming exam,she still found time to help her classmates with their studies. (现在分词短语作状语)
3.ease n.舒适,悠闲 v.(使)减轻,缓解
①[动作描写] After practising the dialogue with her partner several times, Lily felt at ease
　　 　　 speaking English in front of the whole class.
②With the help of the Internet,we can obtain many learning materials 　　　 　 ease.
③[心理描写] 起初他有点紧张,但是观众热情的掌声很快使他放松了下来。
4.evaluate v.评估,评价
①We evaluate employees 　　　　 their problem-solving skills.
②[人物介绍] Her annual performance 　　　　 (evaluate) highlighted exceptional leadership in crisis management.
③Our research attempts to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (对不同药物的疗效进行评估).
5.take...for granted 认为……理所当然
①[活动报道] 上个月负责演讲活动时,我充分利用每个向同学们征求意见的机会,因此我完美地组织了这次活动。我的所有同学都以我为荣。
When I 　　　　　　　　　　　　 the speech activity last month,I 　　　　　　　　　　　 every chance to ask my classmates for their opinions so that I organised the activity perfectly.All of my classmates 　　　　　　　　　　　　 me.
②[建议信] 很多学生想当然地认为不用努力就能通过期末考试,但那些认真对待的学生总会取得更好的成绩。
Many students 　　　　　　　　　　　　 they can pass the final exam without hard work, but those who 　　　　　　　　　　　　 will always achieve better results.
6.in return for 作为对……的回报
①Students who actively participate in class discussions often gain a deeper understanding of the material, which 　　　　 turn helps them perform better on tests.
②[人物描写] The two sisters took care of their sick mother 　　　　 turns.
③[感谢信] 我在您的帮助下获得了第一名。我会更加努力工作以回报您耐心的指导。
I got first place under your help.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
7.非谓语动词作主语
[教材原句] Creating buildings such as these enables us to live in closer harmony with our environment.
创造这样的建筑物能够使我们与我们的环境更和谐地相处。
①[建议信] 每天读英语是一个提高语言技能的好方法。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to improve your language skills.
②[建议信] 现在记住这个公式将会帮助你的实验。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 will help your experiment.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] In fact,we are ①so used to them that we may even take them for granted without realising ②how much inspiration they have given us.
尝试分析:此句为主从复合句。句中①为so...that...引导的　　　　　　从句;②为 how much引导的　　　　从句,充当动词realising的　　　　。
自主翻译:
情境仿写:然而,我们已经习惯了父母给予我们的爱,甚至可能认为这是理所当然的,却没有意识到他们给了我们多少关怀。
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025· 新课标Ⅱ卷)Helping the community lowers rates of depression.　　　　　　　
②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens (标本),and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change,I wanted to know:Are they usable ”　　　　　　
③(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Back downtown during a workday,they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.　　　　　　　
④(2023·全国甲卷)Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still be employed today to draw attention to important truths.　　　　　　　
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
The environmental protection group strongly opposes① the construction of the new factory.Their opponent②, the industrial developer, holds the opposite③ view, claiming it will boost the economy. During the heated debate,opposing④ arguments were presented by both sides. The local council, which is opposed⑤ to rapid urbanisation, ultimately sided with the opposition⑥. This decision reflects the community’s divided opinions on progress.
环保小组强烈①　　　　新工厂的建设。他们的②　　　　——工业开发商——持有③
　　　　观点,声称该工厂将促进经济。在激烈的辩论中,双方都提出了④　　　　论点。地方议会⑤　　　　快速城市化,最终选择支持⑥　　　　。这一决定反映了社区在发展问题上存在的意见分歧。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)In my ninth-grade writing class last year,I met a cowboy who saved his town,a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s,and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents 　　　　 (reject) the love of her young life.
2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)　　　　 is estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050.
3.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)The best way 　　　　 (ease) pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else.
4.In literature,the swan has been a symbol of 　　　　 (pure) and virtue.
5.Please hand in your keys at reception on your 　　　　 (depart) from the hotel.
6.The commander ordered an immediate 　　　　 (withdraw) of the troops from this area.
7.She couldn’t come up with a solution 　　　　 the problem,so she turned to me for help.
8.He resigned 　　　　 head of department from the company after eight years of selfless work.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 投稿—自然给我们的启示—关爱自然
假设你是李华,你校英语周报组织了有关“自然给我们的启示”的故事评选,请你结合自身经历写一篇短文投稿。
[场景演练]
1.一天,我正在祖父母的花园里播撒向日葵种子。(sow)
2.突然,一只在土堆上爬行的蚂蚁引起了我的注意。(mound)
3.这只蚂蚁正想办法把一小块面包屑搬回巢穴,但它的努力是徒劳的。(seek solutions to)
4.这只蚂蚁面对面包坐立不安,焦躁地来回踱步。(at ease)
5.正当我疑惑为什么这只蚂蚁要如此费力地完成这个不可能的任务时,我看到有更多的蚂蚁加入了它的行列。(attain)
6.蚂蚁们机智地协同工作,最终成功地把面包块带到了它们的巢穴。(wisely)
7.我们理所当然地认为某些事情是不可能的。(take... for granted)
8.其实,我们可以从自然中获得灵感,而合作是一种很好的方式。(take inspiration from;非谓语动词作主语)
[句式升级]
1.将第1句和第2句用be doing...when结构进行改写升级。
2.将第6句用非谓语进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
　　简打算独自寻找一个更好的露营地点。一个小时后,让她感到害怕的是,她在森林里迷路了。简跪在地上,悔恨的泪水模糊了她的双眼。她紧握着头发,发出一声后悔的哭喊。“如果我没有和莉莉吵架,没有走开,没有爬到高处,我就不会被困在这个可怕的地方了!”她非常后悔、焦虑,眼含泪水地睡着了。莉莉和警察正在森林里寻找简。最后,他们找到了简。
Jane intended to find a better campsite alone.
An hour later,what alarmed her was that she got lost in the forest.
Jane knelt on the ground,and ①　　　　　　　　　　　　 clouded her eyes.
She clutched her hair and uttered ②　　　　　　　　　　　　.
“If I hadn’t quarrelled with Lily,walked away and climbed to the high place,I wouldn’t have been trapped in this awful place!”
She was quite ③　　 　　 and anxious,and she fell asleep with tears in her eyes.
Lily and the police were searching the forest for Jane.Finally,they found Jane.
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.recall　　　　　v.回想,回忆起 2.outstanding　 adj.杰出的,优秀的 3.uniform　 n.制服 4.bomb　 v.轰炸 5.friction　 n.冲突,摩擦 6.associated　 adj.联合的 7.rough　　　　 　adj.简单的;粗糙的 8.representative　 n.代表 9.anniversary　 n.周年纪念日 10.sum　 n.金额,款项 11.grain　 n.谷物,粮食 12.relevant　 adj.有关的,切题的
阅 读 词 汇 1.landing　　　　 n.(军队的)登陆 2.allied adj.(第二次世界大战)同盟国的 3.troop n.部队;军队 4.code-name v.起代号为 5.tide n.潮水 6.supreme adj.最高的 7.parachute n.降落伞 8.coastline n.海岸线 9.drown v.(使)淹死 10.gunfire n.炮火 11.amongst prep.在……当中(=among) 12.tank n.坦克 13.solemn adj.严肃的,庄重的 14.weary v.(使)非常疲倦 15.condemn v.迫使(某人)处于不幸的境地 16.peacekeeping n.维持和平(的行动) 17.peacekeeper n.维和人员 18.disarm 　　　　v.解除武装 batant n.战斗人员 20.weapon n.武器,兵器 21.ammunition n.弹药 22.sardine n.沙丁鱼 23.dire adj.极其严重的 24.daunting adj.吓人的,使人气馁的 25.fortify v.激励,加强 26.shirk v.逃避 27.depict v.描述,描写 28.peer n.同龄人;同辈 29.misty adj.多雾的 30.breeze n.微风 31.crowning adj.使圆满的,使完美的 32.prominent adj.著名的,杰出的 memorate v.庆祝,为……举行纪念活动 34.reaffirm v.重申,再次确定 35.blueprint n.蓝图
拓 展 词 汇 1.violent adj.狂暴的,凶暴的→violence n.暴力 2.commander n.指挥官,长官→command n.命令;指令;掌握,精通 v.命令;指挥 3.objective n.目的,目标→object n.物体;目标;对象 v.反对;不赞成→objection n.反对;异议;反对的理由 4.horror n.惊恐→horrible adj.十分讨厌的;可怕的 5.barely adv.勉强才能→bare adj.仅够的,最基本的;赤裸的 6.liberate v.解放(城市、国家等)→liberation n.解放 7.memorial adj.纪念的,追悼的→memory n.记忆力;记忆;回忆→memorise v.记忆;记住→memorable adj.值得纪念的;难忘的 8.stability n.稳固,稳定→stable adj.稳固的;牢固的 9.professionalism n.专业水准;专业素质;职业精神→professional adj.专业的 n.专业人员→profession n.职业,行业
续　表
拓 展 词 汇 10.academic adj.学术的 n.学者;高等院校教师;高校科研人员→academy n.专科院校;学会→academical adj.学院的;学术的→academically adv.学术上,学业上 11.aggression n.侵略→aggress v.侵略;攻击→aggressive adj.侵略性的;好斗的→aggressor n.侵略者;挑衅者 12.intellectual adj.智力的,脑力的→intellectually adv.智力上;理智地→intellect n.智力;智力高的人 13.disrupt v.扰乱→disruption n.扰乱;混乱 14.emerge v.出现→emergence n.出现 15.invader n.侵略者,侵略军→invade v.侵略→invasion n.侵略 16.glory n.辉煌的成就;荣耀的事→glorious adj.荣耀的 17.dedication n.奉献→dedicate v.致力于;奉献 18.collective adj.集体的;共同的→collect v.收集,募捐→collection n.收集物,收藏品
重 点 词 块 1.be made up of　　　由……组成 2.free...from 不受……影响的 3.have confidence in 对……有信心 4.nothing less than 简直,全然 5.prepare for 为……做准备 6.in the depths of 在……的深处 7.make it 成功;赶上;做成或完成某事;幸免于难;渡过难关 8.get across　　　　通过;使被理解,表达清楚 9.meet up with 偶遇,会见 10.keep to 遵守(或信守、履行)诺言;不偏离 11.hold down 保住(工作、职位);阻止上涨;压制,限制 12.carry out 执行
重 点 句 型 1.这次作战行动的代号为“霸王行动”,它是历史上规模最大的海、空、陆三方力量集结的行动,目的是解放德国占领的欧洲西北部地区。(独立主格结构) Code-named “Operation Overlord”,it was the largest combined sea,air and land operation in history,the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation. 2.盟军士兵耳中回荡着这些话语,做好了登陆诺曼底的准备。(with复合结构) With these words ringing in their ears,Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day. 3.与此同时,更有数千名士兵在他们上空的战斗机的保护下,穿越英吉利海峡,在诺曼底登陆。(非谓语动词作状语) Meanwhile,thousands more were journeying across the English Channel to Normandy,protected by fighter planes in the skies above them. 4.难怪即使不是大多数,但也有许多中国领先的学者和科学家都是联大出身,包括两位诺贝尔奖得主——物理学家杨振宁和李政道。(It is no wonder that...难怪……) It is no wonder that many,if not most,of China’s leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda,including the two Nobel Prize-winning physicists,Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao.
表示否定/相反意义的前缀“dis-”集锦:
①arm→disarm 解除(某人)的武装　②like→dislike 不喜爱,厌恶　③approving→disapproving 不赞成的
④order→disorder 杂乱;混乱　 ⑤cover→discover发现　 ⑥comfort→discomfort不适;不自在
⑦agree→disagree不同意　　 ⑧advantage→disadvantage不利因素　
⑨honest→dishonest不诚实的
1.(2025· 新课标Ⅱ卷)If you’re among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants,don’t beat yourself up if one (or a few!) doesn’t make it (存活). 2.(2025· 新课标Ⅱ卷)Nothing in my life before prepared me for this one—and to be sure,the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area. 3.(2025· 新课标Ⅱ卷)The awkward moment ended with the class erupting into laughter. 4.(2025·浙江1月卷)Borrowed items are subject to recall (召回) by the lending library. 5.(2025·浙江1月卷)Interlibrary Loan (ILL) provides teachers,students and staff with access to books that are checked out or not owned by our own libraries,as well as digitised copies of articles and book chapters from our collection (collect). 6.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Recalling (recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard Ⅲ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion,Edmondson said,“It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang’s play was being performed.” 7.(2024·全国甲卷)Your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its memory (memorise) and use it to recognise you in the future. 8.(2024·北京卷) Dishonest and violent(暴力的)behaviours were disapproved of;leadership,marriage and interactions with other groups were loosely governed by traditions. 9.(2024·浙江1月卷)She decided that she would memorise (memory) where her classes were and then pretend that the rest of the place didn’t exist. 10.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)People often link their memory (memorise) of what they’ve read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page. 11.(2024·全国甲卷)If it’s short stories,Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing(land). 12.(2023·全国甲卷)The western half of the U.S. was full of grizzlies when Europeans came,with a rough (大致的) number of 50,000 or more living alongside Native Americans. 13.(2023·浙江1月卷)Meaning emerges (emerge) through a process of social interaction,not of computation,interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. 14.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect (才智),wealth or faith of the subject. 15.(2023·浙江1月卷)But it does not specify what those symbols mean.Indeed,to a computer,meaning is irrelevant (relevant). 16.(2023·浙江1月卷)It was a hummingbird (蜂鸟),desperately trying to escape.She was covered in spider-webs (蛛网) and was barely (bare) able to move her wings.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.commander n.指挥官,长官
①The principal commanded all teachers and students to attend (attend) the emergency meeting.
②[申请信] I am so good at spoken English that I have no trouble communicating with visitors.
→I have such a good command of spoken English that I have no trouble communicating with visitors.(command n.)
③[倡议书] We command all departments to reduce paper waste by 30% within six months.
→We command that all departments (should) reduce paper waste by 30% within six months.(虚拟语气)
2.objective n.目的,目标 adj.客观的;无偏见的
①The student representative made an objection (object) to reducing the library opening hours.
②From the passage we can draw a conclusion that the author holds an objective (object) attitude to the issue.
③[求助信] 我的父母反对我选择这个专业,这使我十分烦恼。因此,我给你写信旨在寻求你的帮助。(object to sb doing sth;objective)
My parents object to me choosing this major,which deeply troubles me.Therefore,I am writing to you with the objective of seeking your help.
object作及物动词时,其后只能接that从句作宾语;若接名词、代词或动名词作宾语需要后跟介词to;用作及物动词后接that从句时,其后从句所表示的内容不是反对的内容,而是反对的
理由。
I wanted to climb the hill,but he objected that he was too tired.
我想要去爬山,但是他却以太累为由表示反对。
3.dedication n.奉献
①[介绍信] The teacher’s dedication (dedicate) to his students is evident in the extra time he spends helping them after class.
②[人物介绍] Dedicated (dedicate) to perfecting every detail of the handmade furniture,the master craftsman spends hours refining even the smallest carvings until they meet his strict standards.
③[演讲稿] 如果你专心致志,通过持续练习来掌握一项技能,最终你会取得显著的进步。
If you dedicate yourself to/are dedicated to mastering a skill through consistent practice,you’ll eventually achieve remarkable progress.
4.sum n.金额,款项;总数;总和 v.总结,概括
①Let me sum up the key points(总结要点): we need to cut costs,boost marketing,and streamline operations.
②[活动报道] 总而言之,通过这次活动,更多的人可以欣赏中国文化之美并加深对中国的
了解。
In sum/To sum up/In summary,through this event,more people can appreciate the beauty of Chinese culture and deepen their understanding of China.
5.keep to遵守(或信守、履行)诺言;不偏离
①[人物描写] To keep up with the world situation,he commits an hour to reading the newspapers every morning.
②[建议信] It’s important for high school students to keep track of their assignment deadlines to avoid falling behind.
③他没有遵守协议,让我们很失望。
He didn’t keep to the agreement,which disappointed us.
④[建议信] 不管何时以何种方式记笔记,你都要记住,记笔记是一个选择性的过程。
Whenever or however you take notes,keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process.
6.hold down 保住(工作、职位);阻止上涨;压制,限制
①[动作描写] Seeing her son again after two years’ absence,Jane held out her arms (伸出双臂) to embrace him.
②[情感描写] She tried to hold back her excitement (抑制住她的兴奋) when she heard she had won the school’s English speech contest.
③The government took measures to hold down housing prices (限制房价).
7.It is no wonder that...难怪……,……不足为奇(可以省略为No wonder that...)
[教材原句] It is no wonder that many,if not most,of China’s leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda, including the two Nobel Prize-winning physicists,Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao.
难怪即使不是大多数,但也有许多中国领先的学者和科学家都是联大出身,包括两位诺贝尔奖得主——物理学家杨振宁和李政道。
①[求助信] I wonder if/whether you can give me some advice (您能否给我一些建议) on how to make friends.
②莉莉在英语考试中获得最高分,这不足为奇——她每天都花一个小时读英文小说并练习
口语。
It is no wonder that/No wonder that Lily got the highest score in the English exam—she spends an hour every day reading English novels and practising oral English.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] ①Although each year they are fewer in number,their outstanding acts of courage mean ②that we
will always remember them—as well as those ③who lost their lives on the beaches of northern France.
尝试分析:此句为复合句。句子主干为their outstanding acts of courage mean that...。句中①为让步状语从句;②为宾语从句,充当谓语动词mean的宾语,③为who引导的定语从句,修饰先行词those。
自主翻译:虽然每年相聚的人越来越少,但他们的英勇壮举会让我们永远铭记他们,以及那些在法国北部海滩上阵亡的士兵。
情境仿写:虽然这些老照片每年褪色得更厉害,但珍贵的记忆会让我们永远珍惜它们,以及那些曾与我们共享这些时刻的人。
Although each year the old photos fade more,the precious memories ensure that we will forever cherish them—as well as those who shared these moments with us.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic,making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which,by the close,will make you feel almost as smart as AI. n.学者
②Opinions in your group should be uniform after discussion.adj.一致的;统一的
③Whoever goes against the tide of history will come to no good end.n.潮流,趋势
④As a journalist,it is my duty to report true and objective information.　adj.客观的
⑤She peers through the mist,trying to find the right path.v.仔细看
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
The tough maths problem seemed impossible until I saw the rough① sea outside—its powerful waves reminded me that challenges bring growth.When my friend roughly② shook my shoulder saying “Try again!”,I made a rough③ plan.Soon,even the seemingly rough④ steps became achievable.
这道棘手的数学题看似无解,直到我看见外面①汹涌的大海——它的澎湃浪涛提醒我挑战带来成长。当朋友②猛烈地摇着我的肩膀说“再试一次!”时,我制订了一个③大致的计划。很快,甚至那些看似④艰难的步骤变得可以实现。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)We had decided on key items for the apartment we were moving to in town,donated what we could,and rented a place to store our supposedly important objects (object).
2.(2025·浙江1月卷)“This platform is not only reserved for professional (profession) cooks,but also for those willing to discover new experiences.”
3.(2024·北京卷)With life in the unforgiving Northern Canada being (be) so demanding,the Inuit’s practical approach to morality made good sense.
4.(2023·全国乙卷)Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern.From Buddhist temples to museums,narrow hutong to royal palaces,it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious (glory) history even down to its layout,with the city keeping its carefully built system of ring roads.
5.Most people objected to his plan,which disappointed him.However,he got to be more modest.
6.He likes collecting stamps.Of course,most of his collection of stamps has been bought over the years.Buying stamps was a collective decision between him and his family.(collect)
7.Smoking is associated with cancer and the scientists want to use the association between them to persuade people to quit smoking.(associate)
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 告知信—重大历史事件—战争与和平
假设你是李华,你们班于上周日上午9点组织了一次主题为“中国人民抗日战争的胜利(The Victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression)”的主题班会,请你给你的外国笔友Tom写一封邮件简要介绍本次主题班会。
[场景演练]
1.我写信的目的是告知你我们的主题班会,其主题是中国人民抗日战争的胜利。(objective)
I am writing with the objective of informing you of our theme class meeting and its theme is The Victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.
2.在残酷的战争中,中国士兵被认为是最勇敢的士兵,他们冒着生命危险与敌人作战。(be regarded as)
During the cruel war,the Chinese soldiers were regarded as the most courageous soldiers,who fought against the enemies at the risk of their lives.
3.面对敌人猛烈的轰炸,中国军民万众一心,坚守目标,英勇杀敌。(hold on to)
In the face of the enemy’s violent bombing,the Chinese army and people united as one,held on to their goal and bravely killed the enemy.
4.虽然中国军队武器落后,但他们坚信他们将以共同的努力赢得光荣的胜利。(glorious;collective)
Although the Chinese army was backward in weapons,they were confident that they would win the glorious victory with collective efforts.
5.因此,难怪有人说,中国人民抗日战争的伟大胜利将永远铭刻在人类正义史上。(it is no wonder that)
As a result,it is no wonder that someone says that the great victory of the Chinese people’s war of resistance against Japanese aggression will be forever carved in the history of human justice.
[句式升级]
1.将第1句用定语从句进行改写升级。
I am writing with the objective of informing you of our theme class meeting whose theme is The Victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.
2.将第3句用现在分词短语作伴随状语进行改写升级。
In the face of the enemy’s violent bombing,the Chinese army and people united as one,holding on to their goal and bravely killing the enemy.
[连句成篇]
Dear Tom,
I am writing with the objective of informing you of our theme class meeting whose theme is The Victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.
During the cruel war,the Chinese soldiers were regarded as the most courageous soldiers,who fought against the enemies at the risk of their lives.In the face of the enemy’s violent bombing,the Chinese army and people united as one,holding on to their goal and bravely killing the enemy.Although the Chinese army was backward in weapons,they were confident that they would win the glorious victory with collective efforts.As a result,it is no wonder that someone says that the great victory of the Chinese people’s war of resistance against Japanese aggression will be forever carved in the history of human justice.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
　　要求:请根据P231的线训练,再结合括号中的提示完成句式升级,并续写后续内容,使故事情节更加完整。
On a peaceful afternoon,the mathematics classroom was filled with an atmosphere of tension and intense concentration.Jane,a student who usually excels in her studies,faced an unprecedented challenge today. ①Feeling completely at a loss (现在分词短语作状语),Jane’s mind went blank as she stared at the complex equation on the blackboard.Her eyebrows knotted together in frustration.She seemed to be unable to grasp any part of it.Instinctively,she scratched her head,②trying to arouse her memory or spark some inspirations(现在分词短语作状语),but in vain.Instead,the teacher’s explanation only threw her into deeper confusion.③Determined to tackle this seemingly unsolvable problem once more ,she took a deep breath,steadying herself and deciding to approach the equation from a different angle.She closed her eyes briefly,visualising the concepts they had learnt in class,hoping to find a hidden connection that might unlock its mystery.Finally,to her relief and joy,she cracked the equation.
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　 　　　n.人类 2.　　　　 n.受害者 3.　　　　 n.客户,客人,顾客 4.　　　　　　　　 　v.引用,引述 5.　　　　 adj.可能的 6.　　　　 n.线索,提示
阅 读 词 汇 1.susceptible　　　adj.　　　　　　　 2.leap n.　　　　　　　 3.horizon n.　　　　　　　 4.reckon v.　　　　　　　 5.cell n.　　　　　　　 6.crater n.　　　　　　　 7.agile adj.　　　　　　　 8.slope　 v.　　　　　　　 9.hop　　　　　　　　n.　　　　　　　 10.squeak v.　　　　　　　 11.tendon n.　　　　　　　 12.wavelength n.　　　　　　　 13.mutt n.　　　　　　　 14.frown v.　　　　　　　 15.positronic adj.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 adj.人造的,人工的→　　　　 adv.人工地,人为地;不自然地 2.　　　　 n.助手,助理→　　　　 v.协助;援助→　　　　 n.帮助;援助 3.　　　　 adv.潜在地→　　　　 adj.潜在的,可能的 n.潜力,潜质;可能性 4.　　　　 n.自动化→　　　　 adj.自动的 n.自动变速汽车 5.　　　　 n.能力,才能;容量→　　　　 adj.有能力的;能干的 6.　　　　 v.分析→　　　　 n.分析→ 　　　　 n.分析者,化验员 7.　　　　 v.控制,管理→　　　　 n.控制,管理→　　　　 adj.管理的;调整的 8.　　　　 adj.非法的,违法的→ 　　　　 adj.合法的 9.　　　　 adj.不道德的,道德败坏的→　　　　 adj.道德上的,有道德的n.教益,寓意;道德,品行,道德准则 10.　　　　 v.评价,评定→　　　　 n.评价,评定 11.　　　　 n.自行车→　　　　 n.骑自行车的人 12.　　　　 n.需要,需求→　　　　 adj.要求高的;要求严格的;费力的 13.　　　　 adj.机械的→　　　　 n.技工→　　　　 n.机械装置→ 　　　　 v.使机械化 14.　　　　 n.仿制品→　　　　 v.仿效;模仿
拓 展 词 汇 15.　　　　 adv.紧紧地→　　　　 adj.紧的,紧张的→　　　　 v.变紧;加强 16.　　　　 adj.拼命的,绝望的→　　　　 adv.拼命地,绝望地;极其,非常→　　　　 n.拼命,绝望 17.　　　　 adj.有故障的,有缺陷的→ 　　　　 n.故障;过错 18.　　　　 adj.一贯的,一致的→ 　　　　 adj.不一致的→　　　　 adv.一贯地,一致地→　　　　 n.一致性;连贯性→　　　　 v. 由……组成(或构成);在于;符合
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　　　　人工智能 2.　　　　　　　　 相反 3.　　　　　　　　 闲逛 4.　　　　　　　　 易受……的影响 5.　　　　　　　　 推向市场,投入市场 6.　　　　　　　　 总的来说;大体上 7.　　　　　　　　 有能力…… 8.　　　　　　　　 摧毁;毁灭 9.　　　　　　　　 从长远来看 10.　　　　　　　 被……取代 11.　　　　　　　　 　不得不做…… 12.　　　　　　　 依靠,指望 13.　　　　　　　 将要发生 14.　　　　　　　 即将到来 15.　　　　　　　 很有可能,肯定会 16.　　　　　　　　 履行(某程序);经历(苦难等);完成;通过;检查;用完;浏览,查阅 17.　　　　　　　　 改变主意
重 点 句 型 1.那就是我要带过来一只的原因。(That is why...) 　　　　　　　　 I’m bringing one here. 2.环形山外侧向南倾斜,南面天空下方的地球全部显现出来,因此整个环形山山坡明亮了起来。(so that引导结果状语从句) The outer side of the crater sloped southward and the Earth,which was low in the southern sky,was nearly full,　　　　　　 　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 3.吉米虽然是个能手,但他比不过罗布特,因为它 有四条腿和钢铁做的肌腱,还不用穿航天服。(though引导让步状语从句) Jimmy,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,couldn’t outrace Robutt,who didn’t need a spacesuit,and had four legs and tendons of steel. 4.直到一个小时后,他才注意到卡罗琳把她的紧急呼叫装置留在了早餐桌上。(强调句型) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 he noticed that Carolyn had left her emergency call device on the breakfast table.
表示否定/相反意义的前缀“il-” 集锦:
①legal→illegal 非法的　　　　
②logical→illogical不合逻辑的　　　　
③legible→illegible难以辨认的
④limitable→illimitable无限的
⑤licit→illicit非法的,不正当的
⑥liberal→illiberal不开明的
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)It’s estimated that the global 　　　　 (需求) for electricity could more than double by 2050. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Fortunately,　　　　 (analysis) suggest that renewables are up to the task. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)This energy transition (变革) is global,and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says 　　　　(机械的) engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. 4.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)　　　　　　　　(尽管很友好),he could easily knock over my niece’s small boys and my six-month-old granddaughter. 5.(2025·浙江1月卷)However,obtaining items that are rare,recently published or in high 　　　　 (需求) may take longer. 6.(2025·浙江1月卷)Similarly,anthropomorphised products could be created to take on stereotype-　　　　(不一贯的)roles—a male robot that assists with nursing or a female robot that helps do calculations,for instance. 7.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for 　　　　 (人类). 8.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)However,most produce at the store 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (经历了数周的运输) and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. 9.(2024·全国甲卷)Studies suggest that eating only when you’re most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help 　　　　 (regulation) weight. 10.(2024·全国甲卷)They use their noses 　　　　 (assess) their environment and look out for any signs of danger. 11.(2024·全国甲卷)　　　　　　　　 (那就是……的原因) most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats,which they don’t usually like. 12.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Given the astonishing 　　　　(潜力) of AI to transform our lives,we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future,and this is where AI by Design:A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. 13.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)She says it is essential that we keep control of 　　　　　　　　 (人工智能),or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. 14.(2023·全国乙卷)She had to say goodbye to her two dogs and to the beach,where she loved to ride waves on her board.But it was time to take the 　　　　(飞跃),however heartbreaking it would be. 15.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)In April last year,I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka.They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very 　　　　 (紧张的) budget.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.capacity n.能力,才能;容量
①The theatre has a seating capacity 　　　　 2,000.
②[申请信] 通过运营班级社交媒体账号,我有在有限资源下创作高效传播内容的能力。
→Through managing class social media accounts,I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　 high-impact content under limited resources.(capacity)
→Through managing class social media accounts,I 　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　
　 high-impact content under limited resources.(capable)
2.demand n.需要,需求 vi.&vt.强烈要求;需要
①[演讲稿] More wind power stations will spring up to meet the people’s demands 　　　　 clean energy.
②[介绍信] Nowadays science graduates are 　　　　 greater demand because advanced science has created more 　　　　 (demand) jobs.
③[建议信] 我们提议校管理处对计算机实验室老旧设备进行升级改造,使其符合当前技术
标准。
We demand that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to meet current technological standards.
3.desperate adj.拼命的,绝望的
①[动作描写] With the floodwaters rising,Maria 　　　　 (desperate) clung to the tree branch,her fingers bleeding but refusing to let go.
②[情感描写] 救援队迫切希望在暴风雨来临前找到失踪登山者的任何踪迹。
The rescue team 　　　　　　　　　　 find any sign of the missing climbers before the storm hit.
③[情感描写] 她渴望能有机会在即将到来的比赛中证明自己。
She 　　　　　　　　　　 a chance to prove herself in the upcoming competition.
4.consistent adj.一贯的,一致的;始终如一的;持续的,连续的
①[演讲稿] Just as the old saying goes: our deeds must be consistent 　　　　 our words.
②由12名救援人员组成的救援队受到了当地政府的表扬。
→The rescue team 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 was praised by the local government.(定语从句)
→The rescue team 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 was praised by the local government.(现在分词短语作定语)
5.go through 履行(某程序);经历(苦难等);完成;通过;检查;用完;浏览,查阅
①You do not have to rush—as you have a year to go through the project.　　　　　　　
②[申请信] I would appreciate it if you could take some time to go through my application.
　 　
③[求助信] Could you give me some advice on how to go through the job interview 　　　　
④[人物介绍] 尽管他经历了起伏,但我的确相信他总有一天会成功的。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I do believe he will succeed one day.
6.hang out 闲逛,逗留
①Tourists hung 　　　　 the antique market stalls,fingering porcelain fragments as they examined patterns.
②[动作描写] Someone called me up last night,but he 　　　　　　　　 before I could answer it.
③I know you are tired after a long walk,but try to 　　　　　　　　 a bit longer.
④[介绍信] I have been busy making preparations for the final exam,leaving me little time to
　　　　　　　　 with my friends.
7.so that引导结果状语从句
[教材原句]The outer side of the crater sloped southward and the Earth,which was low in the southern sky,was nearly full,so that the entire crater-slope was brightly lit.
环形山外侧向南倾斜,南面天空下方的地球全部显现出来,因此整个环形山山坡明亮了起来。
①她夜以继日地学习,结果以优异的成绩通过了考试。
She studied day and night,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 with flying colours.
②[告知信] 我想告知你一些详细的信息,以便你能为此做好充分的准备。
I’d like to inform you of some detailed information 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
③[动作描写] 我的老师露出微笑,说:“你在写作上下了功夫,因此你获得了一等奖。”
My teacher cracked a smile,saying,“You had worked hard at your writing 　　　　　　　　.”
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] Every recommendation ①she gives me is great ②since she can predict ③if I will like a particular restaurant.
尝试分析:此句为主从复合句。句子的主干是Every recommendation is great,句中①为省略关系代词that的　　　　从句,修饰先行词 recommendation;②为 since引导的　　　　从句,其中③为if引导的　　　　从句。
自主翻译:
情境仿写:①他推荐的每一本书都变成我的最爱,因为他知道情节是否会符合我的口味。
②专家提出的每个建议都是恰当的,因为他知道它是否能够解决问题。
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.leap
A.n.跳跃　B.n.剧增　C.vi.猛冲;突然做(某事)
①He leapt across the room to answer the door.　　
②With one leap he crossed the stream.　　
③There was a leap in profits due to the introduction of the new machine.　　
2.bound
A.adj.一定会　B.adj.准备前往(某地) C.vi.跳跃;跳跃着前进　D.n.蹦跳
①I boarded the train that was bound for Shanghai.　　
②Tom came,bounding into the room holding a letter.　　
③You have done so much work that you are bound to pass the exam.　　
④The dog greeted its owner with a joyful bound.　　
3.写出语段中黑体词的含义
I love to cycle① through the park daily.The seasons cycle②,but the joy stays:spring blooms,summer breezes,all witnessed as I cycle③.This cycle④ of nature and motion keeps me energised,a perfect daily rhythm.
我喜欢每天①　　　　穿过公园。季节②　　　　,但乐趣不变:春花绽放、夏日微风,都是我③　　　　时见证的景象。这种自然与运动的④　　　　让我活力满满,是完美的日常节奏。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)I realised it was me who was 　　　　 fault.
2.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Such structured thinking,followed by global 　　　　 (regulate),will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall.
3.(2023·浙江1月卷)I was standing by the car when a hummingbird flew to the centre of our group and began hovering.She turned from person to person until she came to me.She again looked directly into my eyes,then let out a 　　　　(squeak) call and was gone.
4.This information is only raw data and will need further 　　　　 (analyse).
5.You cannot 　　　　 (legal) take possession of the property until three weeks after the contract is signed.
6.Through the speech,the foreign students are bound 　　　　(gain) a better understanding of Chinese splendid traditional culture.
7.Her performance 　　　　 carefully,and the final 　　　　 highlighted both her strengths and areas for improvement.(assess)
8.The boss demanded that the work 　　　　 (finish) within a week.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 投稿—科技发展与信息技术创新—未来生活
假设你是李华,某英文报社正在举办主题为“我们的未来生活”的征文活动,请根据你的畅想用英语写一篇短文。
[场景演练]
1.未来到底会是什么样子 首先,每个家庭都将拥有一个人工智能机器人。(artificial intelligence)
2.它可以按要求做所有的事情。(as引导状语从句)
3.而且汽车将被飞行器取代。这样就不会再有交通堵塞。(be replaced by)
4.此外,随着人工智能技术在医疗保健中广泛而深入的应用,人们的寿命必然会更长,将会轻松活到一百岁。(be bound to)
5.总之,人工智能技术将在未来生活中发挥重要作用。(play a part in)
6.人工智能技术的新纪元即将到来,我们别无选择,只能接受它。(around the corner;have no choice but to do)
[句式升级]
1.将第1句和第2句用定语从句进行改写升级。
2.将第3句用so that...进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
regret v.&n.懊悔,惋惜 regretful adj.后悔的,遗憾的 guilt n.内疚 guilty adj.内疚的 guiltily adv.内疚地 regret doing sth后悔做了某事 to one’s great regret/much to one’s regret令某人深感遗憾的是 后悔、 内疚、 自责 with deep/great regret很遗憾 be full of guilt/be filled with guilt/be consumed with guilt/be overcome by guilt满心愧疚 a guilty look on one’s face脸上露出惭愧的表情 drown in feelings of guilt沉浸在内疚感之中 tears of regret悔恨的泪水 a cry of regret后悔的哭喊
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　　　　　　v.回想,回忆起 2.　　　　　 adj.杰出的,优秀的 3.　　　　　 n.制服 4.　　　　　 v.轰炸 5.　　　　　 n.冲突,摩擦 6.　　　　　 adj.联合的 7.　　　　　　　　　adj.简单的;粗糙的 8.　　　　　 n.代表 9.　　　　　 n.周年纪念日 10.　　　　　 n.金额,款项 11.　　　　　 n.谷物,粮食 12.　　　　　 adj.有关的,切题的
阅 读 词 汇 1.landing　　　　　　 n.　　　　　　　 2.allied adj.　　　　　　　 3.troop n.　　　　　　　 4.code-name v.　　　　　　　 5.tide n.　　　　　　　 6.supreme adj.　　　　　　　　 7.parachute n.　　　　　　　 8.coastline n.　　　　　　　 9.drown v.　　　　　　　 10.gunfire n.　　　　　　　 11.amongst prep.　　　　　　　 12.tank n.　　　　　　　 13.solemn adj.　　　　　　　 14.weary v.　　　　　　　 15.condemn v.　　　　　　　 16.peacekeeping n.　　　　　　　 17.peacekeeper n.　　　　　　　 18.disarm v.　　　　　　　 batant　　　　n.　　　　　　　 20.weapon n.　　　　　　　 21.ammunition n.　　　　　　　 22.sardine n.　　　　　　　 23.dire adj.　　　　　　　 24.daunting adj.　　　　　　　 25.fortify v.　　　　　　　 26.shirk v.　　　　　　　 27.depict v.　　　　　　　 28.peer n.　　　　　　　 29.misty adj.　　　　　　　 30.breeze n.　　　　　　　 31.crowning adj.　　　　　　　 32.prominent adj.　　　　　　　 memorate v.　　　　　　　 34.reaffirm v.　　　　　　　 35.blueprint n.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 adj.狂暴的,凶暴的→　　　　 n.暴力 2.　　　　 n.指挥官,长官→　　　　 n.命令;指令;掌握,精通 v.命令;指挥 3.　　　　 n.目的,目标→　　　　 n.物体;目标;对象 v.反对;不赞成→　　　　 n.反对;异议;反对的理由 4.　　　　 n.惊恐→　　　　 adj.十分讨厌的;可怕的 5.　　　　 adv.勉强才能→　　　　 adj.仅够的,最基本的;赤裸的 6.　　　　 v.解放(城市、国家等)→　　　　 n.解放 7.　　　　 adj.纪念的,追悼的→　　　　 n.记忆力;记忆;回忆→　　　　 v.记忆;记住→　　　　 adj.值得纪念的;难忘的 8.　　　　 n.稳固,稳定→　　　　 adj.稳固的;牢固的 9.　　　　 n.专业水准;专业素质;职业精神→　　　　 adj.专业的 n.专业人员→　　　　 n.职业,行业 10.　　　　 adj.学术的 n.学者;高等院校教师;高校科研人员→　　　　 n.专科院校;学会→　　　　 adj.学院的;学术的→　　　　 adv.学术上,学业上 11.　　　　 n.侵略→　　　　 v.侵略;攻击→　　　　 adj.侵略性的;好斗的→　　　　 n.侵略者;挑衅者 12.　　　　 adj.智力的,脑力的→ 　　　　 adv.智力上;理智地→　　　　 n.智力;智力高的人 13.　　　　 v.扰乱→　　　　 n.扰乱;混乱 14.　　　　 v.出现→　　　　 n.出现 15.　　　　 n.侵略者,侵略军→ 　　　　 v.侵略→　　　　 n.侵略 16.　　　　 n.辉煌的成就;荣耀的事→　　　　 adj.荣耀的 17.　　　　 n.奉献→　　　　 v.致力于;奉献 18.　　　　 adj.集体的;共同的→ 　　　　 v.收集,募捐→　　　　 n.收集物,收藏品
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　　　　由……组成 2.　　　　　　　 不受……影响的 3.　　　　　　　 对……有信心 4.　　　　　　　 简直,全然 5.　　　　　　　 为……做准备 6.　　　　　　　 在……的深处 7.　　　　　　　 成功;赶上;做成或完成某事;幸免于难;渡过难关 8.　　　　　　　　　　　通过;使被理解,表达清楚 9.　　　　　　　 偶遇,会见 10.　　　　　　　 遵守(或信守、履行)诺言;不偏离 11.　　　　　　　 保住(工作、职位);阻止上涨;压制,限制 12.　　　　　　　 执行
重 点 句 型 1.这次作战行动的代号为“霸王行动”,它是历史上规模最大的海、空、陆三方力量集结的行动,目的是解放德国占领的欧洲西北部地区。(独立主格结构) Code-named “Operation Overlord”,it was the largest combined sea,air and land operation in history,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 2.盟军士兵耳中回荡着这些话语,做好了登陆诺曼底的准备。(with复合结构) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day. 3.与此同时,更有数千名士兵在他们上空的战斗机的保护下,穿越英吉利海峡,在诺曼底登陆。(非谓语动词作状语) Meanwhile,thousands more were journeying across the English Channel to Normandy,　　　　　　 　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
4.难怪即使不是大多数,但也有许多中国领先的学者和科学家都是联大出身,包括两位诺贝尔奖得主——物理学家杨振宁和李政道。(It is no wonder that...难怪……) 　　　　　　　　　　　　 many,if not most,of China’s leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda, including the two Nobel Prize-winning physicists,Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao.
表示否定/相反意义的前缀“dis-”集锦:
①arm→disarm 解除(某人)的武装　②like→dislike 不喜爱,厌恶　
③approving→disapproving 不赞成的
④order→disorder 杂乱;混乱　 ⑤cover→discover发现　
⑥comfort→discomfort不适;不自在
⑦agree→disagree不同意　　 ⑧advantage→disadvantage不利因素　
⑨honest→dishonest不诚实的
1.(2025· 新课标Ⅱ卷)If you’re among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants,don’t beat yourself up if one (or a few!) doesn’t 　　　　　　　　 (存活). 2.(2025· 新课标Ⅱ卷)Nothing in my life before prepared me 　　　　 this one—and to be sure,the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area. 3.(2025· 新课标Ⅱ卷)The awkward moment ended 　　　　 the class erupting into laughter. 4.(2025·浙江1月卷)Borrowed items are subject to 　　　　 (召回) by the lending library. 5.(2025·浙江1月卷)Interlibrary Loan (ILL) provides teachers,students and staff with access to books that are checked out or not owned by our own libraries,as well as digitised copies of articles and book chapters from our 　　　　 (collect). 6.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)　　　　 (recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard Ⅲ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion,Edmondson said,“It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang’s play was being performed.” 7.(2024·全国甲卷)Your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its 　　　　 (memorise) and use it to recognise you in the future. 8.(2024·北京卷) Dishonest and 　　　　(暴力的)behaviours were disapproved of;leadership,marriage and interactions with other groups were loosely governed by traditions. 9.(2024·浙江1月卷)She decided that she would 　　　　 (memory) where her classes were and then pretend that the rest of the place didn’t exist. 10.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)People often link their 　　　　 (memorise) of what they’ve read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page. 11.(2024·全国甲卷)If it’s short stories,Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the 　　　　(land). 12.(2023·全国甲卷)The western half of the U.S. was full of grizzlies when Europeans came,with a 　　　　 (大致的) number of 50,000 or more living alongside Native Americans.
13.(2023·浙江1月卷)Meaning 　　　　 (emerge) through a process of social interaction,not of computation,interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. 14.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the 　　　　 (才智),wealth or faith of the subject. 15.(2023·浙江1月卷)But it does not specify what those symbols mean.Indeed,to a computer,meaning is 　　　　 (relevant). 16.(2023·浙江1月卷)It was a hummingbird (蜂鸟),desperately trying to escape.She was covered in spider-webs (蛛网) and was 　　　　 (bare) able to move her wings.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.commander n.指挥官,长官
①The principal commanded all teachers and students 　　　　 (attend) the emergency meeting.
②[申请信] I am so good at spoken English that I have no trouble communicating with visitors.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 I have no trouble communicating with visitors.(command n.)
③[倡议书] We command all departments to reduce paper waste by 30% within six months.
→We command that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 paper waste by 30% within six months.(虚拟语气)
2.objective n.目的,目标 adj.客观的;无偏见的
①The student representative made an 　　　　 (object) to reducing the library opening hours.
②From the passage we can draw a conclusion that the author holds an 　　　　 (object) attitude to the issue.
③[求助信] 我的父母反对我选择这个专业,这使我十分烦恼。因此,我给你写信旨在寻求你的帮助。(object to sb doing sth;objective)
object作及物动词时,其后只能接that从句作宾语;若接名词、代词或动名词作宾语需要后跟介词to;用作及物动词后接that从句时,其后从句所表示的内容不是反对的内容,而是反对的理由。
I wanted to climb the hill,but he objected that he was too tired.
我想要去爬山,但是他却以太累为由表示反对。
3.dedication n.奉献
①[介绍信] The teacher’s 　　　　 (dedicate) to his students is evident in the extra time he spends helping them after class.
②[人物介绍] 　　　　 (dedicate) to perfecting every detail of the handmade furniture,the master craftsman spends hours refining even the smallest carvings until they meet his strict standards.
③[演讲稿] 如果你专心致志,通过持续练习来掌握一项技能,最终你会取得显著的进步。
If you 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 mastering a skill through consistent practice,you’ll eventually achieve remarkable progress.
4.sum n.金额,款项;总数;总和 v.总结,概括
①Let me 　　　　　　　　　　　　(总结要点): we need to cut costs,boost marketing,and streamline operations.
②[活动报道] 总而言之,通过这次活动,更多的人可以欣赏中国文化之美并加深对中国的了解。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,through this event,more people can appreciate the beauty of Chinese culture and deepen their understanding of China.
5.keep to遵守(或信守、履行)诺言;不偏离
①[人物描写] To keep up 　　　　 the world situation,he commits an hour to reading the newspapers every morning.
②[建议信] It’s important for high school students to keep track 　　　　 their assignment deadlines to avoid falling behind.
③他没有遵守协议,让我们很失望。
He didn’t 　　　　　　　　　　　　,which disappointed us.
④[建议信] 不管何时以何种方式记笔记,你都要记住,记笔记是一个选择性的过程。
Whenever or however you take notes,　　　　　　　　　　　　 note-taking is a selective process.
6.hold down 保住(工作、职位);阻止上涨;压制,限制
①[动作描写] Seeing her son again after two years’ absence,Jane 　　　　　　　　　　　 (伸出双臂) to embrace him.
②[情感描写] She tried to 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (抑制住她的兴奋) when she heard she had won the school’s English speech contest.
③The government took measures to 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (限制房价).
7.It is no wonder that...难怪……,……不足为奇(可以省略为No wonder that...)
[教材原句] It is no wonder that many,if not most,of China’s leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda,including the two Nobel Prize-winning physicists,Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao.
难怪即使不是大多数,但也有许多中国领先的学者和科学家都是联大出身,包括两位诺贝尔奖得主——物理学家杨振宁和李政道。
①[求助信] I wonder 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (您能否给我一些建议) on how to make friends.
②莉莉在英语考试中获得最高分,这不足为奇——她每天都花一个小时读英文小说并练习口语。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Lily got the highest score in the English exam—she spends an hour every day reading English novels and practising oral English.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] ①Although each year they are fewer in number,their outstanding acts of courage mean
②that we will always remember them—as well as those ③who lost their lives on the beaches
of northern France.
尝试分析:此句为复合句。句子主干为their outstanding acts of courage mean that...。句中 ①为　　　　　　从句;②为　　　　从句,充当谓语动词mean的宾语,③为who引导的　　　　从句,修饰先行词those。
自主翻译:
情境仿写:虽然这些老照片每年褪色得更厉害,但珍贵的记忆会让我们永远珍惜它们,以及那些曾与我们共享这些时刻的人。
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic,making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which,by the close,will make you feel almost as smart as AI.　　　　　　　
②Opinions in your group should be uniform after discussion.　　　　　　　
③Whoever goes against the tide of history will come to no good end.　　　　　　　
④As a journalist,it is my duty to report true and objective information.　　　　　　　　
⑤She peers through the mist,trying to find the right path.　　　　　　　
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
The tough maths problem seemed impossible until I saw the rough① sea outside—its powerful waves reminded me that challenges bring growth.When my friend roughly② shook my shoulder saying “Try again!”,I made a rough③ plan.Soon,even the seemingly rough④ steps became achievable.
这道棘手的数学题看似无解,直到我看见外面①　　　　大海——它的澎湃浪涛提醒我挑战带来成长。当朋友②　　　　摇着我的肩膀说“再试一次!”时,我制订了一个③　　　　计划。很快,甚至那些看似④　　　　 步骤变得可以实现。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)We had decided on key items for the apartment we were moving to in town,donated what we could,and rented a place to store our supposedly important 　　　　 (object).
2.(2025·浙江1月卷)“This platform is not only reserved for 　　　　 (profession) cooks,but also for those willing to discover new experiences.”
3.(2024·北京卷)With life in the unforgiving Northern Canada 　　　　 (be) so demanding,the Inuit’s practical approach to morality made good sense.
4.(2023·全国乙卷)Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern.From Buddhist temples to museums,narrow hutong to royal palaces,it is home to more than 3,000 years of 　　　　 (glory) history even down to its layout,with the city keeping its carefully built system of ring roads.
5.Most people objected 　　　　 his plan,which disappointed him.However,he got to be more modest.
6.He likes 　　　　 stamps.Of course,most of his 　　　　 of stamps has been bought over the years.Buying stamps was a 　　　　 decision between him and his family.(collect)
7.Smoking is 　　　　 with cancer and the scientists want to use the 　　　　 between them to persuade people to quit smoking.(associate)
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 告知信—重大历史事件—战争与和平
假设你是李华,你们班于上周日上午9点组织了一次主题为“中国人民抗日战争的胜利(The Victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression)”的主题班会,请你给你的外国笔友Tom写一封邮件简要介绍本次主题班会。
[场景演练]
1.我写信的目的是告知你我们的主题班会,其主题是中国人民抗日战争的胜利。(objective)
2.在残酷的战争中,中国士兵被认为是最勇敢的士兵,他们冒着生命危险与敌人作战。(be regarded as)
3.面对敌人猛烈的轰炸,中国军民万众一心,坚守目标,英勇杀敌。(hold on to)
4.虽然中国军队武器落后,但他们坚信他们将以共同的努力赢得光荣的胜利。(glorious;collective)
5.因此,难怪有人说,中国人民抗日战争的伟大胜利将永远铭刻在人类正义史上。(it is no wonder that)
[句式升级]
1.将第1句用定语从句进行改写升级。
2.将第3句用现在分词短语作伴随状语进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
　　要求:请根据P315的线训练,再结合括号中的提示完成句式升级,并续写后续内容,使故事情节更加完整。
On a peaceful afternoon,the mathematics classroom was filled with an atmosphere of tension and intense concentration.Jane,a student who usually excels in her studies,faced an unprecedented challenge today. ①　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　 (现在分词短语作状语),Jane’s mind went blank as she stared at the complex equation on the blackboard.Her eyebrows knotted together in frustration.She seemed to be unable to grasp any part of it.Instinctively,she scratched her head,②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　(现在分词短语作状语),but in vain.Instead,the teacher’s explanation only threw her into deeper confusion.③　
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.pose 　　　　　v.(使)摆好姿势 2.trial n.试验 3.courtyard n.庭院,院子 4.precious adj.珍稀的;贵重的 5.polish 　　　　　　v.擦亮,擦光 6.bark v.(狗)吠叫 7.comprise v.包括,由……构成
阅 读 词 汇 1.lens 　　　　　 n.(照相机、摄像机的)镜头 2.grocery n.食品杂货店 3.faraway adj.遥远的 4.celebrity n.名人,明星 5.anthropologist n.人类学家 6.hydrogen n.氢 7.propulsion n.(车辆等的)推进力 8.acclaim n.表扬,赞赏 9.shun v.(故意)避开,躲开 10.spotlight n.聚光灯;媒体的关注 11.harsh adj.恶劣的,艰苦的,严峻的 12.antique n.古董,古玩,古物 13.crimson adj.深红色的 14.workplace n.工作场所 15.timepiece n.计时器;钟;表 16.envoy n.使者,使节 17.intricate adj.错综复杂的 18.painstaking 　　　adj.小心的;费尽心思的;精心的 19.workshop n.车间,工场 20.melody n.歌曲;曲调 21.gigantic adj.巨大的,庞大的 22.flap v.振(翼),扑动(翅膀) 23.spin v.将(棉花、羊毛等)纺成(线),纺(线) 24.exaggeration n.夸大,夸张 25.metaphor n.隐喻,暗喻 26.nonetheless adv.然而,但是;尽管如此,虽然如此 27.artisan n.工匠,手艺人 28.apt adj.适当的,恰当的 29.timeless adj.永恒的,恒久的;永不过时的 30.sedately adv.安静地;慢悠悠地 31.modest adj.谦虚的,谦逊的
拓 展 词 汇 1.fascination n.着迷,迷恋;魅力;极大的吸引力→fascinate v.深深吸引;迷住→fascinating adj.极有吸引力的;迷人的→fascinated adj.入迷的;极感兴趣的 2.fashion n.时尚→fashionable adj.流行的;时兴的;时髦的 3.uncomplicated adj.不复杂的,简单的;单纯的→(反义词)complicated adj.复杂的;难懂的→complicate v.使复杂化→complication n.使更复杂化(或更困难)的事物 4.atomic adj.原子能的;核能的→atom n.原子 5.craft n.(某一行业所需的)技能;工艺;手艺→craftsman n.工匠;手艺人→craftsmanship n.手艺;工艺;技艺 6. prosperous adj.富裕的,繁荣的,兴旺的,发达的→prosperity n.兴旺,繁荣→prosper v.繁荣,兴旺 7.restoration n.(旧建筑或旧家具等的)修复,整修→restore v.恢复(某种情况或感受);修复 8.maximum n.最大量,最大值 adj.最高的,最多的,最大极限的→maximise v.使增加到最大限度;最大限度地利用→(反义词)minimum n.最小值,最少量 adj.最低的,最小的,最低限度的→minimise v.使减少到最低限度;降低;使最小化 9.preserve v.维护,保护;保存→preservation n.保护,维护;保存
续　表
拓 展 词 汇 10.dominate v.支配,控制,主宰→domination n.控制;统治→dominance n.支配地位 11.architecture n.建筑风格,建筑设计→architect n.建筑师→architectural adj.建筑学的,建筑方面的 12.ambitious adj.宏大的,艰巨的→ambition n.野心;雄心;志向;抱负 13.associate v.与……有关→association n.联系;协会;社团→associated adj.有联系的;联合的 14.analysis (pl.analyses) n.分析→analyse v.分析→analyst n.分析者,化验员
重 点 词 块 1.by trial and error　　 　　反复试验(以得出 最佳结果) 2.back down 退让;认输 3.the cutting edge (of sth) (某事物发展的) 尖端,最前沿 4.think outside the box 不拘一格地思考, 跳出框框思考;另辟 蹊径 5.break new ground 开辟新的领域;有新 发现 6.jet propulsion 喷气推进 7.nothing more than 只不过;仅仅 8.pose for 为……摆好姿势 9.regardless of 不管,不顾;不理会 10.approach to　　　　　　……的方法;通往……的路 11.contribute to 有助于;导致 12.at one’s own pace 按某人自己的步调 13.day in,day out 日复一日 14.range from...to... 范围涵盖……到…… 15.bring...back to life 使……复活,使…… 重生 16.date back to 追溯到;始于 17.pass on...to 把……传给 18.take on 承担;呈现;具有(特 征);雇用 19.take up 占用,花费(时间、空 间或精力);开始从事 20.leave (...) behind 遗留,把……落在 后面
重 点 句 型 1.甚至在暴风雨时,他也会待在外面,直到他认为自己已经拍摄到满意的照片才回家。(not...until...) He would even stay outside in a storm,not coming back until he knew he had the right photos. 2.他珍视自己的正直,不为任何人所动摇,无论提供给他多少免费衣物或远程航班。(“no matter+疑问词”引导的让步状语从句) He valued his integrity and would not be bought by anyone,no matter how many free clothes or flights to faraway destinations he was offered. 3.若不是一部三集的纪录片,外面的人永远也不会知道,在这里工作的那些衣着朴素的人都是精于 各门技艺的大师,他们毕生都在修复珍贵的古董。(if引导的虚拟条件句) If it hadn’t been for a three-episode documentary,outsiders would never have known that the plainly-dressed people working here are masters of their craft,who have spent their lives restoring precious antiques. 4.即使故宫博物院的每一件钟表都被修复了,仍然有工作要做,因为可能需要重新开始对很久以前修复的钟表进行修复。(even if 引导让步状语从句) Even if every clock in the Palace Museum were restored,there would still be work to do,because restoration would probably need to begin again on the clocks that were repaired long ago.
变动词的前缀“en-” 集锦:
①courage→encourage鼓励　　　　　②rich→enrich使丰富　　　　　　　　③large→ enlarge扩大
④able→ enable使能够 ⑤danger→endanger使遭遇危险 ⑥sure→ensure确保
⑦title→ entitle给……命名 ⑧close→ enclose围绕,环绕 ⑨lighten→ enlighten启发
1.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)“Plants are in fashion(流行) right now,” says Dr.Melinda Knuth,a researcher from the University of Florida. 2.(2025·浙江1月卷)A novel design approach to(……的方法) gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide. 3.(2025·浙江1月卷)“Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead on the fact that they have something unique to wear and are not overstuffing their own wardrobes(衣柜) or contributing to(导致) landfill.” 4.(2025·浙江1月卷)The stereotypes commonly associated with(与……相关) men,such as competitiveness and dominance(dominate),are more valued than those associated(associate) with women. 5.(2024·全国甲卷)Elizabeth Sims analyses(analyse) the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work. 6.(2024·浙江1月卷)But farmers in east-central Alberta—downwind of the hail project flights—worry that precious (宝贵的) moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding. 7.(2024·全国甲卷)Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance,inspire fashion and create art,while making your own spineless artists out of craft materials(用手工材料制成). 8.(2024·北京卷)If you want to develop maximum(最大的) credibility (可信性),is it better to be a hedgehog (刺猬) or a fox 9.(2024·全国甲卷)He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters,endings that satisfied the story even if they didn’t have a traditionally positive outcome. 10.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)In fact,don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. 11.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)When I handed in the essay to my teacher(把文章递给我老师),he read it,laughed out loud,and said,“Great.Now,write it again.” 12.(2023·浙江1月卷)But no matter when you travel(无论你什么时候旅行),it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance. 13.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses(pose)—absorbed in a volume,deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. 14.(2023·全国乙卷)But for all its ancient buildings,Beijing is also a place which welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life,with 21st-century architectural wonders(建筑奇迹) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. 15.(2023·全国乙卷)Still,looking back on the photos,they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. 16.(2022·全国甲卷)Where trial-and-error(试错法) was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. 17.(2022·新课标Ⅱ卷)Sorry,kid.This book is not part of your high-tech world.It’s an outdated,lifeless thing.An antique(古董).Like your grandfather. 18.(2022·新课标Ⅰ卷)The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems,preserving(preserve) biological diversity,protecting ecological buffer zones,and leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.preserve v.维护,保护;保存;维持n.保护区
①The school emphasises the preservation(preserve) of historic buildings on campus.
②[倡议书]We should preserve our eyesight from being damaged by spending too much time on electronic devices while studying.
2.ambitious adj.宏大的,艰巨的;有抱负的,有野心的,有雄心的
①Many senior high students are ambitious to get (get) admitted to their dream universities,so they study hard every day.
②[人物介绍]The young man with great ambition had an ambitious plan to build a school in his hometown.(ambition)
③[演讲稿] 尽管生活可能会给我带来挑战,但我会把它们当作“命运的礼物”来实现我的抱负。
Though life may throw challenges on my way,I’ll regard them as “gifts of fate” to achieve/fulfill/realise my ambition.
3.date back (to) 追回到;追溯到
①[介绍信] Our teacher always makes sure the study materials she gives us are up to date with the latest exam requirements.
②[介绍传统文化] 中国的饮茶文化源远流长,可以追溯到1 000多年前。
→Chinese tea-drinking culture has a long history which/that can date back to/date from more than 1,000 years ago.(定语从句)
→Chinese tea-drinking culture has a long history dating back to/dating from more than 1,000 years ago.(分词短语作定语)
4.leave (...) behind遗留;把……丢在后面
①[活动报道]In the five-kilometre cross-country running race,so fast did Amy run that she soon left the rest of us behind.
②[建议信] It would be a good idea if we could leave aside the challenging problem temporarily and leave for the park to get refreshed.
③If your friends are upset,sometimes it’s best to leave them alone for a while(让他们独处一会儿).
5.if引导虚拟语气
[教材原句] If it hadn’t been for a three-episode documentary,outsiders would never have known that the plainly-dressed people working here are masters of their craft...
若不是一部三集的纪录片,外面的人永远不会知道,在这里工作的那些衣着朴素的人都是精于各门技艺的大师……
①[感谢信] 我感激地说:“如果你没有给我提供好的建议,我就不会在激烈的比赛中获得第
一名。”
I said gratefully,“If you hadn’t offered me good suggestions,I wouldn’t have won first place in the competitive contest.”
②[通知] 如果明天真的下雨,野餐就会取消。
If it should rain tomorrow,the picnic would be cancelled.
从句中如果有were、should、had,可将if省略,把were、should、had提到主语之前,构成倒装句式。
If I were you,I would recycle these materials.→Were I you,I would recycle these materials.
If it should rain tomorrow,the outdoor activity would be cancelled.→Should it rain tomorrow,the outdoor activity would be cancelled.
If I had reviewed the formulas earlier,I wouldn’t have failed the maths test.→Had I reviewed the formulas earlier,I wouldn’t have failed the maths test.
6.even if/though引导让步状语从句
[教材原句] Even if every clock in the Palace Museum were restored,there would still be work to do,because restoration would probably need to begin again on the clocks that were repaired long ago.
即使故宫博物院的每一件钟表都被修复了,仍然有工作要做,因为可能需要重新开始对很久以前修复的钟表进行修复。
①[建议信] 即使面临诸多困难,你也应该坚持你的梦想。
You ought to carry on with your dream,even if/though facing a lot of difficulty.
②[动作描写] Jerry答应保守秘密,所以即使被要求,他也不会告诉任何人的。
Jerry has promised to keep the secret,so he will not tell anyone even if/though (he is) asked to.
③[推荐信] 她为了数学考试熬夜学习到很晚,但即便如此,走进教室时她还是觉得没准备好。
She stayed up late studying for the maths test,but even so,she still felt unprepared well when she walked into the classroom.
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] Through his fascination with ①what people were wearing,and not ②who they were,he opened the doors of fashion to everyone—fashion ③as he saw it belonged to the people,not just to high society and big brands.
尝试分析:此句为复合句。句子主干是he opened the doors of fashion to everyone。①与②为并列的宾语从句,充当介词with的宾语;③为as引导的状语从句。
自主翻译:他用自己迷恋的对象——关注人们穿什么,而不是这些人是谁——向所有人打开了时尚的大门。在他看来,时尚属于民众,而不仅仅属于上流社会和大品牌。
情境仿写:通过关注人们所做的事,而不是他们所说的话,他发现了每个人成功的秘诀——在他看来,成功属于勤奋的人,而不仅仅属于聪明的人。
Through his focus on what people did,and not what they said, he found the secret of success for everyone—success as he saw it belonged to diligent people,not just to smart people.
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.pose
A.vi.摆好姿势　B.vt.造成　C.vt.提出　D.vi.冒充
①The researchers pose problems that require detailed technical help.　C　
②This could pose a threat to jobs in the coal industry.　B　
③Please sit still while you pose for your photo.　A　
④The police posed as ordinary people to trap the suspect.　D　
2.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)My daily posts and the visits I received became a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house.adj.珍贵的
②(2025·浙江1月卷) Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women to rent rather than purchase them outright,providing a less expensive solution to one-time event dressing.n.时尚
③(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)But things were different for their first essay,which was about the question: “Why is writing important ”Most of the essays filled less than one page,and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement.n.短文,论说文
④(2024·全国甲卷)This area,with its unique and breathtaking natural beauty,must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy — as a national park.v.保护
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·浙江1月卷)Instead,she recommends applying a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the “Division of Responsibility,” where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times,and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume—even if that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots.
2.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring(restore) sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys.
3.(2023·浙江1月卷)I remember showing my parents a video of Bea Johnson,sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy groceries (grocery) with jars,and have so little trash!
4.(2023· 新课标Ⅱ卷)When I finally finished it,the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing.If I didn’t win (win),I wouldn’t care.
5.This club welcomes all new members regardless of age and education background.
6.At the class meeting,our head teacher made a detailed analysis (analyse) of the test results.
7.My city is enjoying a period of peace and prosperity,and I believe it is becoming more and more prosperous.(prosperous)
8.Some people may think that a garden is nothing more than plants and flowers.
9.We paid a visit to a grand palace designed by some famous architects yesterday and we were attracted by its splendid architecture.(architect)
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 倡议书—学校生活—工匠精神
假设你是李华,作为校科学社团的一员,有感于当下青少年在科学探索中对严谨态度和钻研精神的忽视,现向全校同学发起倡议,呼吁大家在科学学习与实践中践行工匠精神,努力成为兼具科学素养与专注品质的追求者。请你据此写一封倡议书。
[场景演练]
1.作为校科学社团的成员,我们深知工匠精神在科学探索中的重要性。(craftsmanship)
As members of the School Science Club,we are deeply aware of the importance of the craftsmanship spirit in scientific exploration.
2.为了号召大家在学习和实践中践行这种宝贵的精神,我们提出以下建议。(precious)
To call on everyone to practise this precious spirit in study and practice,we put forward the following suggestions.
3.首先,无论面对什么困难,都不要退缩。(regardless of; back down)
Firstly,regardless of what difficulties you face,never back down.
4.通过反复试验,你会开辟出新领域。(by trial and error)
You’ll break new ground by trial and error.
5.而且,只有不拘一格地思考你才能获得科学技术的前沿知识。(think outside the box)
Furthermore,you’ll obtain the cutting-edge knowledge of science and technology only by thinking outside the box.
6.最后,你应该全身心投入到工作中,避开聚光灯,不追求名声。(devote oneself to)
Finally,you should devote yourself to the work,shun the spotlight and seek no fame.
7.所有这些因素都有助于你在科学方面成为具有工匠精神的人。 (contribute to)
All these factors can contribute to your being a person with the spirit of craftsmanship in science.
8.让我们一起行动起来,把这种精神传递给身边的人吧!(pass on...to)
Let’s take action together and pass on the spirit to people around us!
[句式升级]
1.将第4句用倒装句进行改写升级。
Only by trial and error will you break new ground.
2.将第6句用现在分词短语作伴随状语进行改写升级。
Finally,you should devote yourself to the work,shunning the spotlight and seeking no fame.
[连句成篇]
Dear schoolmates,
As members of the School Science Club,we are deeply aware of the importance of the craftsmanship spirit in scientific exploration.To call on everyone to practise this precious spirit in study and practice,we put forward the following suggestions.
Firstly,regardless of what difficulties you face,never back down.Only by trial and error will you break new ground.Furthermore,you’ll obtain the cutting-edge knowledge of science and technology only by thinking outside the box.Finally,you should devote yourself to the work,shunning the spotlight and seeking no fame.
All these factors can contribute to your being a person with the spirit of craftsmanship in science.Let’s take action together and pass on the spirit to people around us!
Sincerely,
Li Hua
The School Science Club
　　简盯着黑板上的复杂方程式,感到完全不知所措,她的大脑一片空白。她因沮丧而眉头紧锁,似乎无法理解方程式的任何部分。出于本能,她挠了挠头,试图唤醒记忆或是激发一些灵感,但都是徒劳。老师的讲解反而让她更加困惑。
　　Jane felt completely ①at a loss,and ②her mind went blank as she stared at the complex equation on the blackboard.
　　Her ③eyebrows knotted together in frustration.She seemed to be unable to grasp any part of it.
　　Instinctively,she ④scratched her head,and tried to arouse her memory or spark some inspirations,but in vain.
　　Instead,the teacher’s explanation ⑤threw her into deeper confusion.
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》写 作 词 汇 1.　　　　　　　v.促进,推动 2.　　　　 v.假装,装作 3.　　　　 n.(尤指大学里的)室友 4.　　　　 v.忽视,忽略 5.　　　　 v.(使)苦恼 6.　　　　　　　　n.口音 7.　　　　 adj.令人悲伤的 8.　　　　 adv.专心地;一心一意地 9.　　　　 v.报答 10.　　　　 adj.(感情)强烈的,深切的
阅 读 词 汇 1.self-critical　　adj.　　　　　　　 2.freckle n.　　　　　　　 3.jawline n.　　　　　　　 4.narcissist n.　　　　　　　 5.obsessive adj.　　　　　　　 6.lipstick n.　　　　　　　 7.dormitory n.　　　　　　　 8.bizarre adj.　　　　　　　 9.makeover n.　　　　　　　 10.pill n.　　　　　　　 11.stereotype n.　　　　　　　 12.welfare n.　　　　　　　 13.monstrous adj.　　　　　　　 14.righteous adj.　　　　　　　 15.beast n.　　　　　　　 16.timid adj.　　　　　　　 17.coward n.　　　　　　　 18.bookish adj.　　　　　　　 19.kidnap v.　　　　　　　 20.torture v.　　　　　　　 21.execution　　 　n.　　　　　　　 22.predicament n.　　　　　　　 23.repulsive adj.　　　　　　　 24.defect n.　　　　　　　 25.hunched adj.　　　　　　　 26.melancholy n.　　　　　　　 27.wretch n.　　　　　　　 28.exclaim v.　　　　　　　 29.heartfelt adj.　　　　　　　 30.exquisite adj.　　　　　　　 31.utter v.　　　　　　　 32.syllable n.　　　　　　　 33.immense adj.　　　　　　　 34.monster n.　　　　　　　 35.savage adj.　　　　　　　 36.dew n.　　　　　　　 37.whilst conj.　　　　　　　 38.coarse adj.　　　　　　　 39.downtrodden adj.　　　　　　　 40.pebble n.　　　　　　　
拓 展 词 汇 1.　　　　 v.(使)增大,扩大→　　　　 adj.大的 2.　　　　 v.对(人或情况)判断错误→　　　　 v.判断 n.法官→　　　　 n.判断力;识别力;看法 3.　　　　 adj.完全相同的;非常相似的→　　　　 n.身份;相同;一致→　　　　 v.识别;确认;发现→　　　　 n.识别;确认;确定 4.　　　　 adj.极瘦的,皮包骨的→　　　　 n.皮肤 5.　　　　 v.承认(某事属实或某情况存在)→　　　　 n.承认;感谢 6.　　　　 n.假定,假设→　　　　 v.假定;假设;认为→　　　　 conj.假如 7.　　　　 n.积蓄→　　　　 v.节省;救 8.　　　　 n.心理,心理过程→　　　　 n.心理学家→　　　　 adj.心理的;心理学的→　　　　 adv.心理上地;心理学地 9.　　　　 n.研究的结果;发现→　　　　 v.发现 n.发现物 10.　　　　 adj.可怕的→　　　　 n.惊吓;害怕 →　　　　 v.使害怕→　　　　 adj.感到害怕的→　　　　 adj.令人害怕的 11.　　　　 adj.外表的,表面的→(反义词)　　　　 adj.向内的;内心的 12.　　　　 adj.忠贞的,忠实的,忠诚的→　　　　 n.忠诚,忠实 13.　　　　 n.小说家→　　　　 n.小说 adj.新颖的 14.　　　　 n.理解(力)→　　　　 v.理解→　　　　 adj.综合的,全面的 15.　　　　 n.表情;神色→　　　　 v.表达→　　　　 adj.有表现力的 16.　　　　 n.怜悯;同情→　　　　 adj.富有同情心的;表示怜悯的 17.　　　　 v.像;与……类似,与……相似→　　　　 n.相似;相像 18.　　　　 n.柔情→　　　　 adj.温柔的 19.　　　　 n.(尤指隐藏的)动机,原因,目的→　　　　 v.激励;成为……的动机→　　　　 adj.积极的;主动的→　　　　 n.积极性;动机
重 点 词 块 1.　　　　　　　　 　　　　　增加某人的信心 2.　　　　　　　　 从头到脚 3.　　　　　　　　 缺乏 4.　　　　　　　　 对……的渴望 5.　　　　　　　　 对……感到吃惊 6.　　　　　　　　 做出努力 7.　　　　　　　　 　　　就……而言,从……角度来看 8.　　　　　　　　 给……留下印象 9.　　　　　　　　 保持健康 10.　　　　　　　　 把……比作 11.　　　　　　　　 尝试做 12.　　　　　　　　 出乎某人的意料
重 点 句 型 1.正如《丑女贝蒂》里的歌曲所唱的那样,“这是一个看脸的世界”。(as引导状语从句) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,“It’s a pretty person’s world”. 2.他首先打破了沉默。(the+序数词+to do...) He was 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the silence. 3.“但是!”他说,好像在犹豫是否要说完,“我是……我是个聋人。”(状语从句的省略) “But!”he said,　　　　　　　　　　　　 whether to finish,“I am—I am deaf.” 4.从那不幸的人的语气里可以感受到他对自身的悲哀心知肚明,她没有勇气回答。(副词位于句首引起全部倒装) 　　　　　　　　 in the accents of the unfortunate man so significant an awareness of his sadness that she had not the strength to utter a syllable.
5.“我从来没像现在这般明白自己的丑陋……”(否定词位于句首引起的部分倒装) “　　　　　　　　　　　　 my ugliness as at the present moment...” 6.似乎不让眼泪落下来,他就可以维护自己的尊严。(it作形式宾语) He seemed to 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　.
表示“人”的后缀“-ant/-ian” 集锦:
①account→accountant 会计　　　②apply→applicant 申请者　　　③assist→assistant 助手
④participate→participant 参加者 ⑤magic→magician 魔术师 ⑥music→musician 音乐家
⑦history→historian 历史学家 ⑧library→librarian 图书管理员
⑨comedy→comedian 喜剧演员
1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)They 　　　　 (促进) the sales of cars. 2.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Dutch authors Thalia Verkade and Marco te Br mmelstroet 　　　　 (bother) by facts like these. 3.(2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)Still,the 　　　　 (finding) show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure—a task that’s becoming increasingly difficult. 4.(2025·新课标 Ⅱ 卷)Ho recognises the 　　　　 (psychology) benefit of helping kids keep up with their peers (同龄人) outside the hospital. 5.(2025·浙江1月卷)Keeping your message simple and clear will 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (使人们理解变得更容易). 6.(2025·浙江1月卷)The 　　　　 (stereotype) commonly associated with men,such as competitiveness and dominance,are more valued than those associated with women. 7.(2025·浙江1月卷)The man froze for a second,but when he saw the 　　　　 (skin) boy he breathed a sigh of relief. 8.(2025·浙江1月卷)For instance,if an object’s name was meant to sound genderless,like Miuu,participants would still assign a gender to it— they would 　　　　 (认为) Miuu was a “he” or “she”. 9.(2025·浙江1月卷)A 　　　　 (新颖的) design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide. 10.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)It should give you a precise definition of each word,thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar,but not 　　　　 (identity). 11.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)However,　　　　 (psychology) have demonstrated that when adults read news stories,they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces. 12.(2024·全国甲卷)I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot,and I was 　　　　 (heartbreak) with the ending. 13.(2024·北京卷)In humans,a greatly 　　　　 (enlarge) brain boosts self-control,just as it boosts problem-solving skills in the social as well as the physical world. 14.(2024·浙江1月卷)For a few months after the “library” opened,I didn’t bother taking a look,as I 　　　　　　　　 (原本认为) that it would be stuffed full of cheesy love stories. 15.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)A large amount of research confirms this 　　　　 (发现). 16.(2022·全国甲卷)“...Antarctica 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (给我留下了印象) that no other place has,” Ginni says.
Step 1　单元知识解构
1.pretend v.假装,装作;自认为
①[心理描写] She pretended 　　　　 (be) calm,but as a matter of fact she was so nervous from head to toe.
②When my little brother saw me practising the guitar,he grabbed his toy instrument and started to pretend 　　　　 (play) along with me,mimicking every move I made.
③To cheer up her friend who was feeling down,Sarah put on a happy face and 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (假装开心),hoping to lift her spirits.
2.bother v.(使)苦恼 n.麻烦;困难;令人烦恼的情况(或事物、人)
①[建议信] I suggest you bother 　　　　 (review) your notes regularly,as it will greatly improve your understanding and retention of the material covered in class.
②[求助信] 我一直忙于工作,几乎抽不出时间做运动,这使我很烦恼。
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 I have been busy with my work and can hardly spare time to do exercise.(it作形式主语)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 is that I have been too busy with my work to spare time to do exercise.(what引导的主语从句)
3.acknowledge v.承认(某事属实或某情况存在)
①[感谢信] The flowers were a small 　　　　 (acknowledge) of your kindness.
②[邀请信] 人们普遍认为这个音乐节是探索中国民间音乐的好机会。
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the music festival is a good opportunity to explore Chinese folk music.(主动语态)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 a good opportunity to explore Chinese folk music.(被动语态)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the music festival is a good opportunity to explore Chinese folk music.(it作形式主语)
4.make an/every effort/efforts to do sth 努力做某事
①[倡议书] To reduce our carbon footprint,our school is making an effort 　　　　 (switch) to renewable energy sources and encourage students to use reusable water bottles and lunch containers.
②[动作描写] 我不遗余力地为写作比赛做准备。为了使我的文章完美,我查阅相关材料。我的老师提醒我:“没有人能毫不费力地成功。”
I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the writing contest.I referred to relevant materials 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.My teacher reminded me,“Nobody can succeed 　　　　　　　　.”
5.as引导方式状语从句
[教材原句] As a song in Ugly Betty puts it,“It’s a pretty person’s world”.
正如《丑女贝蒂》里的歌曲所唱的那样,“这是个看脸的世界”。
①The children played in the park 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (像一群鸟一样快乐).
②　　　　　　　　　　　　 (由于他感到累了),John decided to take a nap before continuing his study.
③He solved the problem 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (按照他老师教他的).
④Although they were tired and exhausted,they managed to make it to the finish point.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,they managed to make it to the finish point.(倒装)
⑤[动作描写] As time went by,he contented himself with a simple life.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　,he contented himself with a simple life.(with复合结构)
当as引导让步状语从句时,从句使用部分倒装,即将形容词、副词、名词、动词等放在as前面;单数可数名词提前时应省略冠词。
Young as he is,he has already published several novels.
尽管他很年轻,但他已经出版了几部小说。
Child as she is,she shows great maturity in handling difficult situations.
尽管她还是个孩子,但她在处理困难情况时却表现出极大的成熟。
Try as he might,he couldn’t open the jar.
尽管他使出了浑身解数,但他还是打不开那个罐子。
Step 2　长难句分析
[教材原句] That’s ①why I could never understand my sister,②who has 17 lipsticks and can’t decide which one to use every morning.
尝试分析:此句为主从复合句。主句是That’s why...。句中①为why引导的　　　　从句,构成that’s why...句式;②为who引导的　　　　　　从句,修饰先行词 　　　　　　　　,其中　　　　　　　　　　　　作动词decide的宾语。
自主翻译:
情境仿写:那就是我永远无法理解我朋友的原因,他有18条领带,每次(出席)正式场合都不知道该系哪一条。
Step 1　一词多义&熟词生义
1.acknowledge
A.vt.认可,承认　B.vt.感谢　C.vt.告知收悉
①The director announced that all applications will be acknowledged.　　
②This reform is acknowledged as a milestone in the history of the development of our country.　　
③I acknowledge Mr Smith,without whom I couldn’t have acquired such great achievements.　　
2.写出语段中黑体词的含义
Having a clear motive① is essential for achieving goals.It’s what drives us forward and keeps us focused.As a leader,it’s my duty to motivate② my team,inspire them and give them the push they need to succeed.Seeing them become motivated③ and driven by their own personal motivation④ is truly meaningful.
拥有明确的①　　　　对于实现目标至关重要。它是推动我们前进并保持专注的动力。作为领导者,我的职责是②　　　　我的团队,鼓舞他们,并给予他们成功所需的推动力。看到他们变得③　　　　　　　　,并受到他们自身④　　　　的驱使,这真的是很有意义的。
Step 2　单句语法填空
1.(2025·浙江1月卷)For instance,if an object’s name was meant to sound genderless,like Miuu,participants would still assign a gender to it—they would assume Miuu 　　　　 (be) a “he” or “she”.
2.(2025·浙江1月卷)This will engage their desire 　　　　 (understand) and interact with the information.
3.(2024·浙江1月卷)It would have been easy to rely on my 　　　　 (assume) about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home.
4.(2024·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)Is 　　　　 (comprehend) the same whether a person reads a text onscreen or on paper
5.It is crucial for us to have 　　　　 (loyal) and commitment when serving the people.
6.She resembles her sister 　　　　 character and both of them are optimistic.
7.I proudly acknowledged 　　　　 (overcome) that challenge and made significant progress.
8.He pretended to 　　　　 (expose) to English since an early age,but further communication gave away his secret.
Step 3　微写作
[情境导入] 演讲稿—学校生活—追求内在美
随着社交媒体的盛行,人们往往过于关注外在形象,而忽视了内在品质的重要性。假设你校英语俱乐部正在举办一场主题为“内在美的重要性”的演讲比赛,请你写一篇英语演讲稿参加比赛。
[场景演练]
1.随着社交媒体的盛行,人们往往过于关注外表,而忽视了内在品质的重要性。(as引导的时间状语从句)
2.是时候让我们思考内在美的重要性,以提升内在品质了。(boost)
3.内在美指的是诸如善良、正直与同情心等美德——这些特质通过行动而非对外表的过度关注得以体现。(compassion)
4.人们普遍认为,与外在魅力不同,内在美会随着时间的推移而加深。(It is universally acknowledged that)
5.它能培养忠诚而有意义的关系并能建立信任。(loyal)
6.一颗正直的心所留下的持久影响,远胜过一张精修的照片。
7.让我们努力成为内在光芒超越任何滤镜的人,成为追求内在美的人。(make an effort to do)
[句式升级]
1.将第1句用现在分词短语作状语进行改写升级。
2.将第4句和第5句用非限制性定语从句进行改写升级。
[连句成篇]
puzzled adj.困惑的,茫然的,糊涂的 confused adj.困惑的,糊涂的 frown v.& n.皱眉,蹙额 at a loss 不知所措 one’s mind goes blank 某人大脑一片空白 eyebrows knot together 眉头紧锁 困惑、 迷茫 have a frown on one’s face 皱着眉头 scratch one’s head 挠头;苦思冥想 throw sb into confusion 使某人陷入困惑之中 say/ask with a confused look 一脸疑惑地说/问 a flood of confusion sweeps over sb 一阵困惑涌上某人的心头
请完成本单元《能力提升 题组训练》

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