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必修第一册　Unit 4　Looking good, feeling good
熟读话题外刊，速记单元词汇
Living a healthy lifestyle and 1.achieving (v. 实现)correct weight loss is a goal many long for. One common misconception is that to 2.slim down (phr. 减肥)， one should 3.skip (v. 跳过，略过)meals. However, studies 4.prove (v. 证明)that this approach can be harmful in the long run. 5.Immediately (adv. 立即)cutting out essential 6.nutrition (n. 营养)can lead to issues, 7.concerning (prep. 涉及)many aspects such as a bad 8.memory (n. 记忆力)， the short age of 9.energy (n. 能量)and so on. Weight loss is not just about eating 10.slightly (adv. 稍微)less; it's about a balanced 11.diet (n. 日常饮食). An 12.effective (adj. 有效的)diet considers every 13.aspect (n. 方面)of nutrition, 14.rather than (phr. 而不是)focusing solely on the calorie count. It's essential to be cautious of the 15.pressure (n. 压力)from social standards, which often 16.attack (v. 抨击)individuals for not fitting a particular mold. 17.The amount of (phr.……的数量)food is crucial, but so is the quality. Planning a 18.schedule (n. 时间表)that includes regular exercise and a balanced diet can combat the 19.negative (adj. 负面的)20.effects (n. 影响)of seated lifestyles. For instance, reducing the intake of 21.plastic (adj. 塑料的)packaged foods and 22.adding (v. 添加)more organic produce can make a difference. Engaging in physical activities, even simple ones like walking around the 23.campus (n. 校园)，can be beneficial.
There's a 24.saying (n. 谚语)that goes, “Your health is your wealth.” This sentiment casts a 25.shadow (n. 阴影)over the 26.digital (adj. 数字的)age's fast-paced lifestyle, reminding us of the importance of self-care. Adopting 27.a series of (phr. 一系列)healthy habits, both 28.external (adj. 外部的)like jogging and internal like playing the piano for relaxation, can 29.contribute to (phr. 有助于)overall well-being. After all, the 30.content (n.内容)of our daily routines defines our health path.
1 concentrate vi. & vt. 集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①He made a concentrated (concentrate)effort to finish the work on time.
②(2024·浙江1月卷)Then she concentrated on jogging to the spot where the track curved.
③(2023·全国乙卷)By learning how to make xiaolongbao，I have been aware that concentration(concentrate)and patience do make a difference to us.
④They will concentrate on teaching (teach)the basics of reading, writing and arithmetic.
[能力提升]—— 一句多译
⑤他集中精力弹钢琴，没有注意到我进来。
→Concentrating his attention on playing the piano, he didn't notice me come in.(现在分词短语作状语)
→With his attention concentrated on playing the piano, he didn't notice me come in.(with复合结构)
(1)concentrate on (doing)sth. 专心于(做)某事 concentrate one's mind/attention on 集中心思/注意力于；致力于 (2)concentration n. 专心；专注 (3)concentrated adj. 浓缩的；密集的；全力以赴的
[名师指津]　“集中精力于/致力于……”的表达还有：
①focus on…
②fix one's mind/attention on…
③put one's heart into…
④devote oneself to (doing)…
⑤be absorbed in (doing)…
2 effect n. 效果，作用；影响
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空/补全句子
①(2025·北京卷)Contrary to popular doubt, resolutions made on 1 January are more effective (effect)for this reason.
②We were deeply affected by the news of her death.
③In effect, the US can import food or it can import the workers who pick it.
④Dreams might be a side effect (副作用)of memory making.
⑤(外研版选必四U3)His writing had a profound effect on/upon (对……有深远的影响)me, and I have this to thank for my passion for Chinese literature.
[能力提升]—— 微写作
⑥因此，现在是我们采取有效措施防止此类事件再次发生的时候了。
Therefore, it's high time that we took/should take effective measures to prevent such things from happening again.(应用文写作之倡议书)
(1)side effect 副作用 have an effect on/upon 对……有影响 come into effect 生效；开始实施 take effect 开始起作用；生效 bring/put sth. into effect 使生效；实行；实施 in effect 实际上；(法律等)在实施中；有效 (2)affect vt. 影响；使感染 be affected by 受……影响；被……感动；感染……疾病 (3)effective adj. 有效的；生效的
[写作佳句]　The laws concerning environmental protection have been put/brought into effect and achieved good results.(应用文写作之环境保护)
有关环境保护的法律已经生效，并取得了良好的效果。
3 prove linking v. 后来被发现是 vt. 证明，证实
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①It's obvious that the Beijing Olympic Games proved (prove)a great success.
②There's no proof (prove)yet that sipping green tea does the same for people.
③ It is proved (prove)that you will succeed faster if you feel yourself happy.
④The musician had to prove his musical ability to the record label in order to get signed.
[能力提升]—— 句式升级
⑤This method proved to be more efficient.
→It is proved that this method was more efficient.(it作形式主语)
(1)prove sth. to sb. 向某人证明某事 prove＋宾语从句 证明…… prove (sb./oneself)(to be)＋n./adj. 证明(某人)…… It is proved that… 据证明……，据证实…… (2)proof n. 证据；证明 There's (no)proof that… (没)有证据……
[名师指津]　prove表示“后来被发现是”时，是系动词，无被动语态，用主动形式表示被动意义。
4 frightened adj. 受惊的，害怕的，惊吓的
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①She was nearly frightened to death when hearing the news that someone was hurt by the tiger.
②It was a frightening (frighten)disease and many people lost their lives.
③What happened？I heard Amy cry out in fright.
④The bird came to the window, but I moved suddenly and frightened it off/away.
⑤It's very difficult and it's a very tall order, but I don't think you should be frightened of having that ambition. ,
[能力提升]—— 微写作
⑥我非常害怕以至于我闭上眼睛，像一颗子弹一样拼命地向那个家伙扑去。
I was so frightened that I closed my eyes and desperately threw myself at that guy like a bullet.(读后续写之情感、动作描写；比喻修辞手法)
(1)be frightened of (doing)sth. 害怕(做)某事 be frightened to do sth. 不敢做某事 be frightened to death 吓得要死 (2)frightening adj. 令人害怕的，吓人的 (3)frighten v. (使)惊恐/害怕 frighten…away/off 把……吓走 (4)fright n. 惊吓；恐怖 cry out in fright 吓得大声叫喊
[写作佳句]　So frightened was she that she nearly fell down to the ground. (读后续写之情感、动作描写)
她非常害怕，以至于差点儿摔倒在地。
5 contribute v. 是……的原因之一；捐献；贡献；捐助；投稿；增加，添加
[基础检测]—— 猜测加黑词的含义
①They would like to contribute more to charity, but money is tight this year.向……捐款
②I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world.对……做出贡献
③I am sure that this meeting will contribute to the peace and security all over the world.有助于
[能力提升]—— 微写作
④(2025·全国二卷)这篇文章将对我们校报做出重大贡献，并帮助学生了解加拿大的体育文化。
The article will make a significant contribution to our school newspaper and help students learn about Canadian sports culture.(应用文写作之催稿信)
(1)contribute…to… 把……贡献给……；把(时间等)投入……；向……捐款；投稿 contribute to 有助于；导致；造成；对……做出贡献 (2)contribution n. 贡献；捐款 make contributions/a contribution to 对……做出贡献；捐款
[名师指津]　contribute to和make a contribution to中的to都为介词，后面要接名词、代词或动名词。
6 schedule n. 日程安排，工作计划；时间表 vt. 安排；预定
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空/补全句子
①As scheduled，we finished the task within one hour，so we took pride in ourselves.
②(柯林斯词典)Work has to be done on schedule and in a prearranged sequence.
③The plan is finished ahead of schedule (提前)，so we will have three days off.
④By the time I woke up, my train was almost five hours behind schedule (迟于预定时间)．
[能力提升]—— 微写作
⑤我希望一切都按预定计划进行。
I hope everything is going according to schedule．
⑥难以把所有的事都排进一个紧张的日程。
It's difficult to cram everything into a tight schedule．
⑦定于星期五上午在讲堂召开会议。
The meeting is scheduled for Friday morning at the lecture hall. (应用文写作之邀请信)
(1)ahead of schedule 比原计划提前 on schedule 按时；按时间表 behind schedule 迟于预定时间 a busy/tight schedule 忙碌/紧张的日程安排 according to schedule 按照时间表 (2)be scheduled for sth./to do sth. 预定某事；安排做某事 as scheduled 按计划；如期
[写作佳句]　(2021·全国甲卷)The theme class meeting is scheduled to be held next Monday aiming to introduce traditional Chinese culture.(应用文写作之征求信)
主题班会预定于下周一举行，旨在介绍中国传统文化。
7 treatment n. 治疗；对待，待遇；处理
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①(2025·全国一卷)My brother has been under medical treatment (treat)recently, and his dog Toby treats him as the most important companion.
②In spite of the fact that you treat him very well (good)，he is a yellow dog.
③I'm going to treat myself to a new pair of shoes on my birthday.
[能力提升]—— 句式升级
④If he was treated in a proper way, he was likely to be saved.
→Treated in a proper way, he was likely to be saved. (分词作状语)
(1)under treatment 在治疗中 (2)treat v. 对待；招待 n. 款待 treat…as… 把……看作……；把……视为…… treat sb. to sth. 用某物招待某人 treat sb. with respect/dignity/kindness 尊敬某人/善待某人 treat sb. well/badly/seriously 好好对待/苛待/认真对待某人 (3)My treat. 我请客。
[写作佳句]　We've got to treat people with respect and dignity．
我们必须尊重他人。
8 content n. 内容；目录 adj. 满足的；满意的 vt. 使满足
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①We should never content ourselves with the knowledge learned from the books.
②That rich man is tired of city life, so he is content to live (live)in the country.
③(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)In this art class, we painted to our heart's content and experienced a feeling we'd never had before.
[能力提升]—— 句式升级
④The people are content with their present situations. They will surely make no more advances in life.
→Those who are content with their present situations will surely make no more advances in life.(定语从句)
(1)be content to do sth. 乐于/愿意做某事 feel/be content with 对……感到满意 (2)content oneself with 使自己满足于…… (3)to one's heart's content 尽情地
[名师指津]　①content作形容词时，只用作表语；若用于名词前作定语，要用contented。
②content表示“目录；所容纳之物”时，常用复数形式。
9 end up 最终成为，最终处于
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①Maybe you'll end up as a lawyer, like me.
②You will end up in debt if you keep on spending money like that.
③They will only end up feeling (feel)worse about themselves.
④Both husband and wife had to work to make ends (end)meet.
⑤In the end, we all decided to organize a concert for Easter.
[能力提升]—— 微写作
⑥(2024·浙江1月卷)亚历克斯·戴维森教授面授和网授同样的课程。他指出，他的在线学生最终的成绩通常较低。
Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online. He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades.
(1)end up with… 以……结束/告终(后接表具体事物的名词) end up as 最后成为……(后接表身份、职务的名词) end up in 结果是；最终是(后接抽象名词或地点名词) end up doing sth. 最终做了某事 end up＋形容词/介词短语 最终处于……状态 (2)come to an end 结束 in the end 最后，终于 make (both)ends meet 使收支相抵；量入为出
[写作佳句]　If you give up, your progress will come to an end．
如果你放弃的话，你的进步就会戛然而止。
10 show off 显示，展示；炫耀，卖弄
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①Wait a minute, Sir! Let me show you out/in.
②All the new products are on show at the exhibition.
③Mike was trying to show off his talent by giving performances in the pub.
④He promised to attend the meeting，but he hasn't shown up yet.
[能力提升]—— 微写作
⑤当那天到来时，我很荣幸带你们参观北京。
It's my pleasure to show you around Beijing when that day comes.(应用文写作之邀请信)
⑥玛丽正在校园里散步，这时她看到一群女孩在炫耀她们时髦的衣服。
Mary was walking on campus when she saw a crowd of girls showing off their fashionable clothes．(读后续写之动作描写)
(1)show…out 领……出去 show…in 领……进来 show sb. around/round 领某人参观 show up 出席；到场；出现，现身；使显现出 (2)(be)on show 在展出
[写作佳句]　(2021·浙江6月卷)About 200 amazing drawings are on show, ranging from Dunhuang frescoes to Zhang Daqian's famous paintings.So I highly recommend a visit to the exhibition to you. (读后续写之建议信)
大约有200幅令人惊奇的画作正在被展出，从敦煌壁画到张大千的名画。所以我强烈推荐你去参观这场展览。
11 句型公式：It＋be＋adj.＋that…
(教材原句)However，for those who are dangerously overweight, it is very important that they try to lose weight properly…
然而，对于那些超重达到危险程度的人来说，努力以适当方式减肥是很重要的……
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①He has spent a large amount of time reviewing，so it is certain that he will do well in his exam.
[能力提升]—— 微写作
②(2023·全国乙卷)最近有报道称，坚持传统饮食的人数正在缓慢下降。
It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining.
本句中it作形式主语，其常用结构有： (1)It＋be＋形容词(possible、obvious、important、certain…)＋that从句 (2)It＋be＋名词短语(a pity、a fact、a wonder、an honour、an idea、no wonder…)＋that从句 (3)It＋be＋过去分词(said、thought、believed、suggested…)＋that从句
[写作佳句]　It's a pity that he failed and didn't live up to his parents' expectations.
遗憾的是他失败了，辜负了父母的期望。
12 句型公式：the way 作先行词的定语从句
(教材原句)Your friends also influence the way you view your physical appearance．
你的朋友也会影响你对自己外表的看法。
[基础检测]—— 补全句子
①The way (that/which) he thought of to solve the problem (他想到的解决问题的方法)was not practical.
②The way (that/in which) he answered the question (他回答问题的方式)was surprising.
[能力提升]—— 微写作
③你应该记住经常与同班同学交换意见是提高学习的好方法。
You should keep in mind that exchanging ideas with your classmates frequently is a good way to improve your study/of improving your study．(应用文写作之建议信)
(1)如果先行词the way在定语从句中作状语，关系词可以用in which/that或省略关系词。 (2)如果先行词the way在定语从句中作主语或宾语，要选用关系代词，作宾语时，关系代词可以省略。 (3)way表示“方式；方法”时，其后还可接不定式或of doing sth.形式。
[写作佳句]　It's quite easy to make quite small changes to the way (in which/that)you work．
对你的工作方式做些相当细微的调整是很容易的。
[查漏补缺]
1．Through learning English you can understand the world in all aspects.
2．Jenny is a symbol of courage and success, and we take pride in her.
3．Regular exercise helps the film star get into shape and keep a slim figure.
4．In the past five years we have made (make)great progress.
5．In terms of natural resources, it is one of the poorest countries in South America.
6.As for physical health，teenagers should take in enough food to make their bodies function well.
7．After graduation we reached a point where we had to decide what to do next.
8．I really want to obtain this precious opportunity and I am sure that I can live up to your expectations.
9．When a great danger hangs over us, we had better keep calm and find a way out.
10．The money I earned during the summer holiday amounted to 300 dollars, which could help support my family.
1.take in 摄入，吸收 2．“in the past＋时间段”与现在完成时连用 3．live up to 达到，符合 4．amount to 共计 5．in all aspects 从各个方面来说 6.get into shape 强身健体 7．in terms of 就……而言，关于 8．take pride in 为……自豪，为……骄傲 9．where引导的定语从句 10．hang over 使忧心忡忡
我的收获：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
维度一　单句语法填空
1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)And are listening to and viewing content as effective (effect)as reading the written word when covering the same material
2．(2025·全国二卷)To my surprise, they weren't frightened (frighten)by the complexity of Chinese pronunciation but were eager to learn more.
3．Project Hope has made important contributions (contribute)to both the education and the health of children.
4．This has tested our marriage, and we have come through it, stronger (strong)than ever．
5．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Some of our memories (memory)are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little.
6．(2023·全国乙卷)Writing is one of humanity's later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate (有文字的)societies recorded their concerns (concern)not only in writing but in things.
7．Although my grandpa is over seventy years old, he is energetic (energy)．
8．(2025·全国二卷)Instead of correcting pronunciation, I chose to focus on the cultural story behind my name.
9．People will lose weight when they slim down with a friend.
10．Without education, these children will end up as factory fodder.
维度二　一词多义和熟词生义
1．rather
A.adv. 相当；颇　B．adv. 相反；反而　C．adv. 更确切地说
(1)He worked till late last night, or rather, early this morning.C
(2)It was a nice house, but rather too small for a family of five.A
(3)(2023·全国乙卷)It's thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits.B
2．content
A.n. [pl.]目录　B．adj. 满意的，满足的　C．n. 内容　D．n. 含量
(1)(2025·全国二卷)The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there's no reason others can't look this good.C
(2)(2022·全国乙卷)Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import，depending on the sugar content．D
(3)(2021·浙江6月卷)If you ever get the impression that your dog can “tell” whether you look content or annoyed，you may be onto something.B
(4)By looking at the page of contents，you can know about the style of the book.A
3．contribute
A.v. 投稿　B．v. 是……的原因之一　C．v. 捐献　D．v. 做出贡献　E. v. 发表意见，提议
(1)Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in explaining new concepts and policies to others.E
(2)(2023·浙江1月卷)They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy.D
(3)(2021·浙江6月卷)I decided it was not fair that I had to contribute my money.C
(4)She writes short stories in her free time and often contributes them to the school magazine. A
(5)Lack of enough sleep can contribute to poor concentration in class for many students.B
4．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的词性和意思
(1)I'd better skip the party and stay at home to revise.vt. 不参加
点拨：skip(熟义)vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地走；略过。此处用作及物动词，意为“不参加”。
(2)As is known to all，political power depends upon economical strength．n. 实力
点拨：strength(熟义)n. 优势；力气，力量。此处意为“实力”。
(3)Immediately she'd gone, I remembered her name.conj. 一……就
点拨：immediately(熟义)adv. 立即，接近，直接地；紧接地。此处用作连词，意为“一……就”。
维度三　写作素养提升
Ⅰ.单元话题写作
假定你是李华，你们学校校刊需要英文投稿，主题是“要健康的生活方式，不能牺牲健康盲目减肥”，请你写一篇文章投稿。
Step 1要点提示(黑体部分请用本单元知识)
①近年来，一种上升的趋势出现，女孩经常不吃饭或采取极端饮食来变得苗条。
In recent years, a growing trend has emerged where girls often skip meals or adopt extreme diets to become slim．
②这种方法往往会导致个人损害他们的健康。
This approach often leads to individuals damaging their health．
③保持一个良好身材的愿望是可以理解的。
The desire to maintain a good figure is understandable.
④必须记住，永远不应该牺牲健康。
It's essential to remember that health should never be sacrificed.
⑤从长远来看，在健康的范围内稍微重一些的体重被证明更有益。
A slightly heavier weight, within a healthy range, can prove to be more beneficial in the long run.
⑥我们的身体需要一定(数)量的营养才能正常工作。
Our bodies need a certain amount of nutrition to function properly．
⑦总之，采取一种平衡的生活方式，而不是盲目的减肥，这是至关重要的。
In conclusion, it's crucial to take a balanced lifestyle rather than blind weight loss．
⑧以全面的方式拥抱健康，而不是仅仅关注外表，将确保一个更快乐和更健康的生活。
It will ensure a happier and healthier life by embracing health in an all-round way rather than focusing solely on appearance．
Step 2句式升级
⑨将句③和句④用while连接起来
While the desire to maintain a good figure is understandable, it's essential to remember that health should never be sacrificed.
⑩将句⑧升级为动名词短语作主语的句子
Embracing health in an all-around way, rather than focusing solely on appearance, will ensure a happier and healthier life.
Step 3衔接成文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇)
Dear editor，
In recent years, a growing trend has emerged where girls often skip meals or adopt extreme diets to become slim. This approach often leads to individuals damaging their health.
While the desire to maintain a good figure is understandable, it's essential to remember that health should never be sacrificed. A slightly heavier weight, within a healthy range, can prove to be more beneficial in the long run. Our bodies need a certain amount of nutrition to function properly.
In conclusion, it's crucial to take a balanced lifestyle rather than blind weight loss. Embracing health in an all-round way, rather than focusing solely on appearance, will ensure a happier and healthier life.
Best regards,
Li Hua
Ⅱ.读后续写微技能
情感细节描写：恐惧与惊恐
[语言素材]——输入必备知识
单词 1.afraid adj. 害怕的 2．scared adj. 惊恐的 3．frightened adj. 受惊的 4．terrified adj. 极度恐惧的 5．panicked adj. 恐慌的 6．alarmed adj. 惊慌的 7．fear n. 恐惧 8．terror n. 惊恐
词块 1.freeze in fear 吓得僵住 2．tremble with fear 害怕得发抖 3．one's blood runs cold 血液凝固 4．heart pounds with fear 心因恐惧而狂跳 5．scream in terror 惊恐尖叫 6．be overcome with terror 内心恐惧极了
[跟踪演练]——提升关键能力
任务1　单句表达
1．她对即将到来的期末考试感到极度恐惧。(terrified)
She was absolutely terrified about the upcoming final examination.
2．听到来自楼上的奇怪的声音，她吓得僵住了。(freeze)
She froze in fear when she heard the strange noise coming from upstairs.
3．当他慢慢靠近那座废弃的房子时，他因为恐惧而全身发抖。(tremble)
He trembled with fear as he approached the abandoned house slowly.
4．看到可怕的车祸现场，她的血液都凝固了。(blood)
Her blood ran cold when she witnessed the terrible car accident scene.
5．在恐怖电影最吓人的场景中，她的心因恐惧而狂跳。(heart)
Her heart pounded with fear during the most terrifying scenes of the horror movie.
任务2　语段表达
When Sarah heard footsteps behind her in the empty hallway, she 1.became completely panicked (非常恐慌)and started running. She 2.was overcome with terror (内心恐惧极了)as the footsteps seemed to follow her every move. Unable to control her fear any longer, she couldn't help but 3.scream in terror (惊恐尖叫)when a shadow suddenly appeared around the corner. Her whole body shook uncontrollably as she realized she 4.was completely alarmed (非常惊慌)by what turned out to be just her own reflection in the mirror.
————基础默测————
默写达标
一、核心单词写得准
1．skip vt. 不做(应做的事情等)；跳过 vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地走；略过
2．immediately adv. 立即，马上 conj. 一……就
3．slim vi. 变苗条，减肥 adj. 苗条的；微薄的，小的
4．prove linking v. 后来被发现是 vt. 证明，证实
5．slightly adv. 稍微，略微
6．diet n. 节食；日常饮食 vi. 节食，进行规定饮食
7．effective adj. 有效的；生效的
8．rather adv. 相反，而是；相当；更准确地说
9．pressure n. 心理压力，紧张；压力；要求，催促
10．attack n. 发作；攻击；抨击 vt. & vi. 攻击；侵袭；抨击
11．schedule n. 日程安排，工作计划；时间表
12．negative adj. 消极的，负面的；坏的，有害的；否定的
13．campus n. (大学、学院的)校园，校区
14．saying n. 格言，谚语，警句
15．digital adj. 数码的，数字的
16．external adj. 外来的，外在的；外面的，外部的
17．content n. 内容；目录
二、拓展单词通变化
1．concentrate vi. & vt. 集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注→concentration n. 集中；专注
2．concerned adj. 担心的，忧虑的；关注的，关切的→concern n. 关心；忧虑 vt. 涉及；使担忧；对……感兴趣→concerning prep. 关于，涉及
3．effect n. 效果，作用；影响→effective adj. 有效的→effectively adv. 有效地→affect vt. 影响→affection n. 感情；喜爱
4．function vi. 起作用，正常工作，运转 n. 作用，功能，职能→functional adj. 功能的；实用的
5．frightened adj. 害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的→frightening adj. 令人恐惧的→frighten vt. 使恐惧
6．contribute vi. & vt. 是……的原因之一；捐赠，捐献；增加，添加→contribution n. 贡献→contributor n. 捐赠者；投稿人
7．memory n. 记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆→memorize v. 记忆，记住
8．addition n. 增加，添加；加法→add v. 增加；添加；补充说→additional adj. 附加的，另外的→additionally adv. 此外
9．beauty n. 美，美丽；美人，美好的东西→beautiful adj. 美丽的→beautify vt.美化；使更美丽
10．strength n. 优势；力气，力量；实力→strengthen v. 巩固，加强→strong adj. 强壮的
11．talent n. 天资，天赋；人才，天才→talented adj. 有才能的
12．achievement n. 成就，成绩；达到，完成→achieve v. 完成，达到；实现
三、阅读单词晓词义
1．yogurt n. 酸奶
2．faint vi. 昏厥 adj. 昏眩的；微弱的，可能性不大的
3．sex n. 性别
4．nutrition n. 营养
5．within prep. 在(某段时间)之内；在(某段距离、范围)之内；在……里
6．surgery n. 外科手术
7．male adj. 男性的；雄性的 n. 男性；雄性
8．female adj. 女性的；雌性的 n. 女性；雌性
9．individuality n. 个性，个人特征
四、重点短语明搭配
1．pass out 昏迷，失去知觉
2．slim down 变苗条，减肥
3．side effect 副作用
4．take in 摄入，吸收
5．contribute to 促成，造成
6．in the short/long term 从短期/长期看
7．in addition 此外
8．hang over 使忧心忡忡，担心可能发生
9．live up to 达到，符合，不辜负
10．end up 最终成为，最终处于
11．show off 显示，展示；炫耀，卖弄
12．take pride in 为……自豪，为……骄傲
五、教材佳句会运用
1．她最近几个月一直没吃过早饭。(“in/for/during the past/last＋一段时间”，句子用完成时态)
She has not eaten breakfast for the last few months．
2．青少年轻微超重是正常现象，没有理由为此焦虑。(why引导定语从句)
It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason why they should be worried．
3．她已经去过几家医院，所有的医生都说疼痛不可能很快停止。(be unlikely to do... 不可能做……)
She has been to several hospitals and all the doctors say that the pain is unlikely to stop any time soon.
4．你的朋友也影响你看待自己外表的方式。(the way作先行词的定语从句)
Your friends also influence the way you view your physical appearance．
基础检测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their strengths (优势)and weaknesses.
2．She didn't read the letter, so she didn't know its contents (内容)．
3．Don't be frightened by sharks: you are 30 times more likely to be hit by lightning than be attacked (攻击)by a shark.
4．About 20% of teenagers say they have tried going on a diet and skipping (跳过)meals to control their weight.
5．Because Mary is on a diet, she is becoming slimmer (苗条)than before.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．It's time for us to take effective (effect)measures to protect our environment.
2．At the sight of the frightening (frighten)scene, everyone on the spot felt very frightened.
3．We admire the old scientist for his contributions (contribute)to the country.
4．Don't compare your strengths (strength)with others' weaknesses，which is meaningless.
5．As far as I'm concerned (concern)，you should accompany your friend to give her comfort when she is upset.
Ⅲ.选词填空
take in; guard against; show off; in the long term; end up
1．Protecting our environment is very costly, but in the long term, it will benefit the whole society.
2．It's certain that people will put on weight when they take in more calories than they burn off.
3．The young couple seemed very happy, but they ended up in divorce.
4．You must wash your hands when preparing food, to guard against spreading the disease.
5．Young musicians will get the chance to show off their musical skills.
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1．他告诉我们他在过去五年里取得了很大的进步。(“in/for/during the past/last＋一段时间”，句子用完成时态)
He told us that he had made great progress in the past five years.
2．我们不信任他的原因是他总是说谎。(why引导定语从句)
The reason why we don't trust him is that he always tells lies.
3．明天天气不可能是晴朗的。(be unlikely to do...)
The weather is unlikely to be fine tomorrow.
4．你看待这个问题的方式是错误的。(the way作先行词的定语从句)
The way (that/in which) you looked at the problem was wrong.
课时作业7
(总分：35分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分)
(2025·湖北云学新高考联盟联考)
It's too early to name any activity The Sport of 2025，but if you asked me to do it today，I would give the title to HYROX，which is an individual but interactive activity. Fitness fans run eight kilometres and stop after each to perform exercises such as sled pushes or burpees.The faster you complete the course，the higher your score is in the HYROX worldwide rankings. Many surveys indicate that people are exercising more now than in previous years.It's individual fitness pursuits that are driving the rise.
I spent the first half of my 29-year-old life as a hockey player and the second as a distance runner.I long for the common goal of team sports，but I also value the responsibility and clear results that come from working toward my own running targets.So it's odd to me that people prefer individual fitness pursuits to team sports.
One common explanation is that organized sports haven't bounced back since the pandemic(疫情)a few years ago. When people learned to exercise with less money，equipment，space，time and organization，they kept individual activities. Meanwhile，there are now fitness apps for users to tailor workouts based on their heart rates and sleep quality. The rise of wearables has also got some of us addicted to our own exercise routines.
However，an obvious problem for individual sports is loneliness. Engaging in team sports is a proven way to ease it，which boosts our ability to interact and form meaningful relationships. Well，HYROX is a combined activity：an individual sport that we do with others. Each competition follows the same scoring system，which allows people to compare their results with others around the world.
It's the type that's come to dominate the fitness world. And，according to Guy Faulkner，a professor at the University of British Columbia，if it gets people out of the door，then it's a good one.“The most effective form of sport，”he said，“is the form you will sustain.”
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了HYROX这一新兴的兼具独立性与互动性的活动，阐述了人们越来越倾向于个人健身追求的现象及原因等，还提及专家对有效运动形式的看法。
1．What is the key feature of HYROX？(　D　)
A．It requires teamwork and shared plans.
B．It is organized to find sports partners.
C．It skips physical challenges for leisure.
D．It is self-paced but ranked with others.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I would give the title to HYROX，which is an individual but interactive activity…The faster you complete the course，the higher your score is in the HYROX worldwide rankings.”可知，HYROX是个人运动，但具有互动性，健身爱好者可以按自己的节奏完成跑步和训练，完成速度决定其在全球排名中的位置，即它由个人控制节奏但会和其他人一起排名。故选D。
2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about？(　C　)
A．Negative effects of collective sports.
B．Methods of choosing wearables.
C．Reasons for the shift to individual fitness.
D．Tailored workouts with fitness apps.
解析：主旨大意题。第三段开头“One common explanation is that organized sports haven't bounced back since the pandemic(疫情)a few years ago.When people…kept individual activities.”提到有组织的运动还未恢复，人们学会在资源有限的情况下进行个人活动，接着“there are now fitness apps…The rise of wearables has also got some of us addicted to our own exercise routines”指出健身应用程序和可穿戴设备的发展让人们保持着个人健身习惯。该段整体是在阐述人们转向个人健身的原因。故选C。
3．How does HYROX address the problem with individual sports？(　B　)
A.By targeting people afraid of public interactions.
B.By connecting individuals with shared experiences.
C．By prioritizing personal achievements over group goals.
D．By offering a kind of treatment for mental health issues.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“However，an obvious problem for individual sports is loneliness.”和“HYROX is a combined activity：an individual sport that we do with others. Each competition follows the same scoring system，which allows people to compare their results with others around the world.”可知，个人运动的问题是孤独，而HYROX是个人和他人一起进行的运动，有统一的评分系统，能让人们和世界各地的人比较成绩，也就是通过这种方式将有共同经历(都参与HYROX运动)的个人联系起来。故选B。
4．What does Guy Faulkner consider the most effective sport？(　C　)
A．Sport that requires the least effort.
B．Sport that involves more people.
C．Sport that one will do consistently.
D．Sport that provides the quickest results.
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“according to Guy Faulkner…‘The most effective form of sport，’he said，‘is the form you will sustain.’”可知，Guy Faulkner认为最有效的运动是人们能持续进行的运动。故选C。
(2025·湖北黄冈学海园大联考)
In the Digital Age, we've grown accustomed to instant gratification. With a few clicks, we can access information, shop online, and communicate with people across the globe. However, this convenience has led to a decline in patience. Research suggests that practicing patience can actually improve our well-being and lead to better outcomes in various aspects of life.
Patience has long been regarded as a virtue, and now, scientific evidence firmly supports its numerous benefits. Studies have shown that practicing gratitude and patience can reduce stress, increase happiness, and even improve decision-making skills. For example, delaying immediate rewards in favor of long-term benefits can lead to greater satisfaction and success. This is because patience allows us to think more clearly and avoid impulsive actions that may have negative consequences.
Moreover, patience is crucial in building strong relationships. In a world where instant communication is the norm, people often expect immediate responses. However, taking the time to listen and understand others can lead to deeper connections and more meaningful interactions. For instance, putting off watching a favorite show to spend quality time with family or friends can strengthen bonds and create lasting memories.
Despite these benefits, many people struggle to be patient. The constant stream of notifications and the pressure to respond immediately can make it difficult to practice patience. However, small changes in behavior can make a big difference. For example, setting aside specific times to check emails or social media can help reduce the urge to respond immediately. Additionally, practicing mindfulness and focusing on the present moment can improve one's ability to remain patient.
While the Digital Age has brought many conveniences, it has also weakened our patience. By acknowledging the significance of patience and making a conscious effort to cultivate it in our daily lives, we can experience remarkable improvements in our mental health, and overall quality of life.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了在数字时代，人们应重视并培养耐心，因为它对身心健康和生活质量有积极影响。
5．What does the underlined word “gratification” mean in the first paragraph？(　B　)
A．Gratitude. B．Satisfaction.
C．Curiosity. D．Disturbance.
解析：词句猜测题。根据第一段中“In the Digital Age…this convenience has led to a decline in patience.”可知，在数字时代，只需点击几下，我们就能获取信息、在线购物并与全球各地的人交流，人们已经习惯了即时满足感(即通过简单的操作就能立即获得想要的东西)。所以gratification在此处的意思是“满足，满意”。故选B。
6．Which example best illustrates the importance of patience in building relationships？(　D　)
A．John always replies to his friends' messages within seconds.
B．Tom quickly finishes his homework so that he can watch TV.
C．Lily buys a new dress online without thinking carefully.
D．Mary chooses to chat with her mother instead of playing mobile games.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“Moreover, patience is crucial…friends can strengthen bonds and create lasting memories.”可知，“玛丽选择和她妈妈聊天而不是玩手机游戏”最能说明耐心在建立关系中的重要性。故选D。
7．What can be inferred about the author's attitude towards the Digital Age？(　B　)
A．Supportive. B．Objective.
C．Negative. D．Indifferent.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“While the Digital Age has brought many conveniences…we can experience remarkable improvements in our mental health, and overall quality of life.”可知，作者既提到了数字时代的便利，也指出了它带来的问题(如耐心下降)。因此，作者对数字时代的态度是客观的。故选B。
8．What is the main idea of the passage？(　B　)
A．The Digital Age has made people's lives more convenient.
B．Patience is a virtue that should be practiced in the Digital Age.
C．Instant gratification is necessary for modern life.
D.Technology has improved people's ability to communicate.
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“Research suggests that practicing patience can actually improve our well-being and lead to better outcomes in various aspects of life.”以及最后一段中“By acknowledging the significance of patience and making a conscious effort to cultivate it in our daily lives, we can experience remarkable improvements in our mental health, and overall quality of life.”可知，文章主要讲述了在数字时代，人们已经习惯了即时满足感，但这种便利也导致了人们的耐心下降。研究表明，耐心实际上可以改善我们的幸福感，并在生活的各个方面带来更好的结果。文章还讨论了如何在日常生活中培养耐心。所以，这篇文章的主旨是：在数字时代，耐心是一种应该被培养的美德。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分)
(2025·吉林长春模拟)
While her classmates played sports, Meenah Sukasem, 12, spent her time building a business. As the CEO of Bkrafts，she creates handmade headbands and bracelets.“I have a __1__ for crafting (手工制作)，” she said.
Meenah started crafting at nine and wanted to turn her hobby into a __2__.Hearing her ambition, many people around her held deep disbelief that a child of her age could __3__ it. However, she just ignored the doubt and stuck to her goal. In October, she joined the Young Entrepreneurs Academy (YEA！)，where some __4__ businessmen teach students business skills.“I entered knowing nothing about business but __5__ as a businessman，” she recalled. YEA！， established in 2004，helps __6__ students develop ideas, conduct research, learn from the seniors, and build their businesses. Program director Candy Troutman witnessed Meenah's growth, “She was quiet at first but __7__ the organization in the end. It's totally beyond expectation.”
Later, Meenah attended a competition where she __8__ her program to investors, and they were in favor of it. She was entitled “the Local Star” and __9__ to the semi-final in New York.“Though I didn't reach the final, meeting new people was invaluable，” she said.
With the support of investors，Meenah __10__ founded Bkrafts in April, selling over $150，000 worth of handmade products. She balances school and business，__11__ her creations at youth markets. Her __12__ inspires peers, proving that __13__ is no barrier to success.
“Success is not just about winning any __14__ awards in a race，” Meenah shared. “It's about an experience of pursuing your passion by __15__ social prejudice against success at a young age.”
[语篇解读]本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了12岁的Meenah Sukasem将自己做手工的爱好发展成了事业的故事。尽管起初人们对她小小年纪就创业满是质疑，但她坚持自己的选择，通过参加比赛获得了投资，并成功创建了Bkrafts。她的成功证明了年龄并不是成功的障碍。
1．(　A　)A.passion B．point
C．reason D．rule
解析：根据下文中的“Meenah started crafting at nine and wanted to turn her hobby into a __2__.”可知，手工制作是Meenah Sukasem的兴趣爱好。由此可见，她酷爱手工制作。故选A。另外，文章结尾处的“It's about an experience of pursuing your passion”也是提示。point“观点，论点”；reason“理由”；rule“规则”。
2．(　D　)A.habit B．tradition
C．deal D．career
解析：根据上文中的“spent her time building a business. As the CEO of Bkrafts, she creates handmade headbands and bracelets”可知，Meenah Sukasem将手工发展成了自己的事业。故选 D。habit“习惯”；tradition“传统”；deal“交易”。
3．(　C　)A.take B．get
C．make D．grasp
解析：根据上文中的“many people around her held deep disbelief”可知，许多人对她的创业持有怀疑态度，他们不相信她能做成这件事情。make it意为“获得成功”，符合语境。故选C。take“取，拿” ；get “理解，明白”；grasp“抓紧，抓牢，理解，领会”。
4．(　B　)A.determined B．experienced
C．excited D．satisfied
解析：根据下文中的“teach students business skills”和“learn from the seniors”并结合常识可知，能够给学生传授做生意技能的应该是有经验的企业家。故选B。determined“坚定的，坚决的，果断的”； excited“激动的，兴奋的”；satisfied“满意的，满足的”。
5．(　A　)A.left B．worked
C．failed D．pretended
解析：空处前后为转折关系，根据空前的“I entered knowing nothing about business”可知，Meenah刚加入YEA！的时候对于商业一无所知，但是，到她离开的时候已经是一个商人了。故选A。work“工作”；fail“失败”； pretend“假装”。
6．(　B　)A.simple-minded B．like-minded
C．hard-headed D．hot-headed
解析：根据上文中的“she joined the Young Entrepreneurs Academy (YEA！)，where some __4__ businessmen teach students business skills”并结合常识可知，YEA！会向有相同的做生意兴趣的年轻人传授做生意的技能。故选B。simple-minded“智力低下的，愚蠢的，头脑简单的”；hard-headed“坚定而不感情用事的，精明冷静的”；hot-headed“鲁莽的”。
7．(　D　)A.worked up B．let down
C．pulled out D．blew away
解析：根据上文可知，Meenah Sukasem 刚加入YEA！的时候对于商业一无所知，但到她离开时已成为一个商人，此处是指她起初很安静，但在结束的时候给该组织里的人留下了深刻的印象。blow away意为“给……留下深刻印象，深深打动”，符合语境。故选 D。work up“使烦恼，使发怒，激发”；let down“使失望”；pull out“从……退出”。
8．(　B　)A.adjusted B．presented
C．changed D．devoted
解析：根据上文中的“Meenah attended a competition” 并结合常识可知，她需要向投资者展示自己的项目。故选B。adjust“调整”；change “改变”；devote“献身，致力，专心”。
9．(　C　)A.belonged B．related
C．advanced D．contributed
解析：根据上文中的“Meenah attended a competition”可知，Meenah参加了一个比赛，结合空后的“to the semi-final”可知，她进入了半决赛。故选C。belong to“属于”；relate to“涉及”；contribute to“有助于，促成”。
10．(　A　)A.eventually B．randomly
C．potentially D．temporarily
解析：结合上文内容可知，Meenah 先是有了创业想法，之后参加YEA！进行学习，然后参加比赛并成功进入半决赛，她一步步地向着自己创业的目标前进，因此此处是说Meenah在得到投资者的支持之后最终创建了Bkrafts。故选A。randomly“随机地”；potentially“可能地，潜在地”；temporarily“暂时地”。
11．(　B　)A.purchasing B．promoting
C．publishing D．maintaining
解析：根据语境和常识可知，Meenah 是商人，所以此处应是说她在年轻人市场中推销自己的创作。故选B。purchase“购买”；publish“出版，公布”；maintain“维持，保持”。
12．(　D　)A.generosity B．dependence
C．kindness D．creativity
解析：根据上文中的“__11__ her creations at youth markets”可知，Meenah在年轻人市场中推销自己的创作，所以此处应该是她的创意启发了同龄人。故选D。generosity“慷慨，大方，宽宏大量”；dependence“(生存或成功必需的)依靠，依赖，依存”；kindness“善良，善行”。
13．(　C　)A.gender B．ability
C．age D．poverty
解析：根据上文中的“many people around her held deep disbelief that a child of her age could __3__ it”可知，Meenah 在创业之初，人们对其在这么小的年纪创业持怀疑态度，但是Meenah 成功了，这就证明了年龄并不是成功的障碍。故选 C。另外，下文中的“social prejudice against success at a young age”也是提示。gender“性别”；ability“能力”；poverty“贫穷，贫困”。
14．(　C　)A.virtual B．artistic
C．material D．moral
解析：根据下文中的“It's about an experience of pursuing your passion by __15__ social prejudice”可知，Meenah认为成功关乎精神层面，因此此处指的是她认为成功并不只是在比赛中获得任何物质奖励。故选 C。virtual“模拟的，虚拟的”；artistic“艺术的，艺术家的”；moral“道德的”。
15．(　A　)A.challenging B．measuring
C．improving D．recording
解析：根据上文内容可知，Meenah 的创业挑战了人们对其年纪轻轻就创业不能成功的看法。故选A。measure“测量，度量”；improve“改进，改善”；record“记录”。
课时作业8
(总分：32.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分)
Growing up in a Jamaican American household, food was an important part of my childhood. I remember my grandmother preparing fried dumplings and curry mutton, jazz music playing in the background. Food was our greatest treasure. Food brought the family together. Food celebrated new beginnings and eased the wounds of life's untimely endings.
When I was 8, I was diagnosed with a muscle disease, which caused me to spend most of my childhood in hospital, rooms and wheelchairs, slowly gaining weight by swallowing prednisone (肾上腺皮质激素)hidden inside mint chocolate chip ice cream. My mom made it her duty to help me lose the weight through strict dieting. I've tried every single one. In fairness, my mother did the best she could. As a single mom, she felt this brought us closer. However, as an adult, I began to experience a paralyzing fear of food. My “I'll start a new diet on Monday” mind-set lasted for 16 years as I uncontrollably ate and abused my body. I was worried that I was not attractive enough. So obsessed and afraid no one would hire me as an actress if I didn't win the battle with the numbers on the scale, in February 2011 I was send to hospital.
We do extreme things to our bodies because of those numbers, numbers that cannot talk with us or love us. I have had to stop judging my belly, stop starving myself, stop getting on the scale and staring at those numbers. I have come to the realization that my life is more important than those numbers on the scale and that the quality of the life I live is more important than how I look in the mirror.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者因为体重的数字对自己做出极端的事情，然后意识到生命比这些数字更重要，自己生活的质量比自己在镜子里的样子更重要。
1．What role did food play in author's childhood？(　A　)
A．It strengthened the family bonds.
B．It was a source of family income.
C．It's the only treasure the family had.
D．It's the way to celebrate Jamaican tradition.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Food brought the family together.”可知，在作者的童年，食物是加强家庭联系的纽带。
2．What might be the initial reason of the author's strict dieting？(　B　)
A．The beauty trend.
B．Her muscle disease treatment.
C．Her mother's expectation.
D．Anxiety about her career.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When I was 8…through strict dieting.”可知，为了帮女儿减掉因治疗肌肉疾病而增加的体重，作者母亲严格限制作者的饮食。
3．How did the author feel about her dieting？(　C　)
A．It was fruitful.
B．It was useless.
C．It made her frightened of food.
D．It brought her and Mom closer.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“However, as an adult, I began to experience a paralyzing fear of food.”可知，作者因为过度节食而对食物感到害怕。
4．What attitude does the author have to the numbers on the scale now？(　A　)
A．Uncaring. B．Deeply skeptical.
C．Dismissive. D．Particularly concerned.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I have come to…look in the mirror.”可推知，作者现在对自己的体重毫不在意。
Fashion designers have a big say in what's considered beautiful. They pick who's in their shows and ads, shaping what's celebrated as beauty. But this power also means responsibility—it can be used to leave people out or lift them up.
When I was young, fashion was my world. I pored over various fashion magazines at my local bookstore, desiring to be tall, thin, and have long, shiny hair to fit the ideal. I wanted to be like those models, so I stopped eating. It was a tough time; my eating disorder consumed me. It took years to break free from its control, allowing me to focus on my true passions.
For so long, the fashion industry has worked hard to set an ideal of beauty that celebrates thin, young, white, and able-bodied models as the ideal. It's impossible not to be exposed to images of models that have been photoshopped to where there's not a single spot in sight. This idea is everywhere, and it hurts people. Shockingly, around 91% of women are unhappy with their appearance. It's sad that teens grow up in a society where they deny themselves.
There's progress—models and musicians promote body positivity. However, the pressure to meet unrealistic standards remains. Changing these standards involves bravely celebrating diverse beauty. True inclusivity goes beyond appearances. It requires diverse decision-makers, photographers, and casting directors cooperating. Young designers often overlook this crucial aspect. Hiring plus-size or transgender photographers, diverse casting directors, or makeup artists who understand the importance of accommodating to various skin tones, is vital for an overall approach.
We aimed to redefine the “bikini body” standards. However, the goal isn't for the consumer's body to change but for clothes to accommodate all sizes. We need more fashion for everyone, no matter their size or where they shop. It's our responsibility as designers to challenge this narrow beauty definition. My hope is for future teens to escape the pressures I faced, developing a fashion industry celebrating diverse identities.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章通过对时尚标准的讨论，表达了人们应该打破传统观念，建立多样性的时尚标准的观点。
5．What does the underlined phrase “pored over” in paragraph 2 probably mean？(　B　)
A．Classified carefully.
B．Read attentively.
C．Compared thoroughly.
D．Recommended sincerely.
解析：词义猜测题。根据上一句“When I was young, fashion was my world.”和画线词所在句“I pored over various fashion magazines at my local bookstore…”可知，作者对时尚非常着迷，所以在书店应该是仔细阅读了各类时尚杂志，了解关于时尚的信息，“pored over”应该表示“仔细阅读”。
6．What is the impact of the initial beauty ideals set by the fashion industry？(　A　)
A．Causing self-denial.
B．Generating individuality.
C．Focusing on true passions.
D．Contributing to self-confidence.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This idea is everywhere…they deny themselves.”可知，时尚界设立的美的标准致使多数女性不满意自己的容貌，从而否定自己。
7．What can be inferred about true inclusivity？(　D　)
A．It encourages personal effort.
B．It satisfies traditional standards.
C．It focuses on physical appearances.
D．It calls for diversity and cooperation.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“True inclusivity goes beyond…casting directors cooperating.”可知，真正的包容性呼吁多样性和多方合作。
8．Which of the following will the author probably agree with？(　C　)
A．Customers will change their body shapes.
B．Future teens will redefine fashion standards.
C．Fashion should celebrate everyone's uniqueness.
D．“Bikini body” standards should be strengthened.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“We need more fashion for everyone, no matter their size or where they shop.”和“My hope is for future…celebrating diverse identities.”可知，作者有可能会赞同：时尚界应该崇尚个人的独特性。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分)
Aesthetic (审美)education aims to enhance aesthetic perception, experience aesthetic qualities, stimulate aesthetic creativity, and promote aesthetic judgement.
In order for kids to be able to appreciate natural wonders, shapes and pictures, they must be able to first notice them. This is why the development of the ability to notice the beautiful is the primary task of aesthetic education. 1(____) Kids are incapable of noticing particular shapes if their ability to notice objects and forms is undeveloped. The aesthetic relationship begins with the noticing of aesthetic qualities.
2(____) This means that they generate emotional responses like excitement and joy, enriching individuals' emotional lives and inspiring artistic expression. The ability to experience aesthetically must also be developed. The cognitive (认知的)elements of the processes that we experience during noticing must also include emotional tones with which we form impressions. 3(____) The aim of this task is, with the aid of aesthetic qualities, to enrich the emotional life of children and young people and the development of a sense for aesthetic values.
It is essential to allow children to participate in activities that will develop their creative abilities. 4(____) Instead, it is about creativity in the creation of aesthetic values in everyday life. We are not simply born with creative abilities which have to be developed.
Judging or evaluating aesthetic qualities demands formed evaluation criteria. In order for beauty to reveal its true value, we must be familiar with its particularities. Throughout the process of aesthetic education, various types of knowledge, abilities and evaluation criteria must be applied. 5(____)
A．Aesthetic qualities have to be felt.
B．Beauty can be found all around us.
C．The beautiful will be likely to be created.
D．And it is these that the aesthetic experience is built upon.
E．In some way, this is the ability to perceive aesthetic qualities.
F．This way, the child will develop the foundations for assessing the beautiful.
G．This is not so much about creating aesthetic abilities in the sense of training artists.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了美育如何促进审美感知、体验审美特质、激发美学创造力和提高审美能力。
1．B　解析：上文提到培养对美的鉴赏能力是美育的首要任务，下文提到如果孩子注意物体和形状的能力没有得到发展，他们就不能注意到特定的形状。B项“美在我们身边随处可见。”承上启下，符合语境。
2．A　解析：根据下文“This means that they…inspiring artistic expression.”可知，A项“必须要体会到审美特质。”的这个要求得到了下文的解释，指出了孩子要能够产生愉快的情感反应，这是审美特质的一种要求。
3．D　解析：上文提到我们发现美并体验的过程中所经历的认知因素必须包括一种能形成印象的情感基调。下文提到这项任务的目的是在审美素质的帮助下，丰富儿童和年轻人的情感生活，培养审美价值。D项“审美体验正是建立在这些基础之上的。”承上启下，符合语境。
4．G　解析：上文提到让孩子们参加能发展他们创造能力的活动是很重要的。后一句中的Instead表示转折关系，根据句式可以锁定G项。G项“这并不是说要培养艺术家的审美能力。”承接上文，说明了不是要把孩子的创造能力打造成艺术家的水准，而是要让孩子在日常生活中有发现美的能力，符合语境。
5．F　解析：根据上文“Judging or evaluating…evaluation criteria must be applied.”可知，F项“这样，孩子就会发展出判断美的基础。”承接上文，说明了制定合理的评价标准有利于培养孩子的审美能力，符合语境。(共158张PPT)
必修第一册　
Unit 4　
Looking good, feeling good
内容索引
词汇复现 语境串记
多维演练 素养提升
基础默测
高效课堂 考点突破
课时作业
词汇复现 语境串记
返回
熟读话题外刊，速记单元词汇
Living a healthy lifestyle and 1.achieving (v. 实现)correct weight loss is a goal many long for. One common misconception is that to 2.slim down (phr. 减肥)， one should 3.skip (v. 跳过，略过)meals. However, studies 4.prove (v. 证明)that this approach can be harmful in the long run. 5.Immediately (adv. 立即)cutting out essential 6.nutrition (n. 营养)can lead to issues, 7.concerning (prep. 涉及)many aspects such as a bad 8.memory (n. 记忆力)， the short age of 9.energy (n. 能量)and so on. Weight loss is not just about eating 10.slightly (adv. 稍微)less; it's about a balanced 11.diet (n. 日常饮食).
achieving
slim down
skip
prove
Immediately
nutrition
concerning
memory
energy
slightly
diet
An 12.effective (adj. 有效的)diet considers every 13.aspect (n. 方面)of nutrition, 14.rather than (phr. 而不是)focusing solely on the calorie count. It's essential to be cautious of the 15.pressure (n. 压力)from social standards, which often 16.attack (v. 抨击)individuals for not fitting a particular mold. 17.The amount of (phr.……的数量)food is crucial, but so is the quality. Planning a 18.schedule (n. 时间表)that includes regular exercise and a balanced diet can combat the 19.negative (adj. 负面的)20.effects (n. 影响)of seated lifestyles. For instance, reducing the intake of 21.plastic (adj. 塑料的)packaged foods and 22.adding (v. 添加)more organic produce can make a difference. Engaging in physical activities, even simple ones like walking around the 23.campus (n. 校园)，can be beneficial.
effective
aspect
rather than
pressure
attack
The amount of
schedule
negative
effects
plastic
adding
campus
There's a 24.saying (n. 谚语)that goes, “Your health is your wealth.” This sentiment casts a 25.shadow (n. 阴影)over the 26.digital (adj. 数字的)age's fast-paced lifestyle, reminding us of the importance of self-care. Adopting 27.a series of (phr. 一系列)healthy habits, both 28.external (adj. 外部的)like jogging and internal like playing the piano for relaxation, can 29.contribute to (phr. 有助于)overall well-being. After all, the 30.content (n.内容)of our daily routines defines our health path.
saying
shadow
digital
a series of
external
contribute to
content
高效课堂 　考点突破
返回
1 concentrate vi. & vt. 集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①He made a concentrated (concentrate)effort to finish the work on time.
②(2024·浙江1月卷)Then she concentrated on jogging to the spot where the track curved.

A
重难考点
concentrated
on
③(2023·全国乙卷)By learning how to make xiaolongbao，I have been aware that concentration(concentrate)and patience do make a difference to us.
④They will concentrate on teaching (teach)the basics of reading, writing and arithmetic.
[能力提升]—— 一句多译
⑤他集中精力弹钢琴，没有注意到我进来。
→Concentrating his attention on playing the piano, he didn't notice me come in.(现在分词短语作状语)
→With his attention concentrated on playing the piano, he didn't notice me come in.(with复合结构)
concentration
teaching
Concentrating his attention on
With his attention concentrated on
知识归纳
(1)concentrate on (doing)sth.
专心于(做)某事
concentrate one's mind/attention on
集中心思/注意力于；致力于
(2)concentration n. 专心；专注
(3)concentrated adj. 浓缩的；密集的；全力以赴的
[名师指津]　“集中精力于/致力于……”的表达还有：
①focus on…
②fix one's mind/attention on…
③put one's heart into…
④devote oneself to (doing)…
⑤be absorbed in (doing)…
2 effect n. 效果，作用；影响
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空/补全句子
①(2025·北京卷)Contrary to popular doubt, resolutions made on 1 January are more effective (effect)for this reason.
②We were deeply affected by the news of her death.
③In effect, the US can import food or it can import the workers who pick it.
④Dreams might be a side effect (副作用)of memory making.
⑤(外研版选必四U3)His writing had a profound effect on/upon (对……有深远的影响)me, and I have this to thank for my passion for Chinese literature.
effective
by
In
side effect
had a profound effect on/upon
[能力提升]—— 微写作
⑥因此，现在是我们采取有效措施防止此类事件再次发生的时候了。
Therefore, it's high time that we took/should take effective measures to prevent such things from happening again.(应用文写作之倡议书)
it's high time that we took/should take effective measures
知识归纳
(1)side effect 副作用
have an effect on/upon 对……有影响
come into effect 生效；开始实施
take effect 开始起作用；生效
bring/put sth. into effect 使生效；实行；实施
in effect 实际上；(法律等)在实施中；有效
(2)affect vt. 影响；使感染
be affected by 受……影响；被……感动；感染……疾病
(3)effective adj. 有效的；生效的
[写作佳句]　The laws concerning environmental protection have been put/brought into effect and achieved good results.(应用文写作之环境保护)
有关环境保护的法律已经生效，并取得了良好的效果。
3 prove linking v. 后来被发现是 vt. 证明，证实
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①It's obvious that the Beijing Olympic Games proved (prove)a great success.
②There's no proof (prove)yet that sipping green tea does the same for people.
③ It is proved (prove)that you will succeed faster if you feel yourself happy.
④The musician had to prove his musical ability to the record label in order to get signed.
proved
proof
is proved
to
[能力提升]—— 句式升级
⑤This method proved to be more efficient.
→It is proved that this method was more efficient.(it作形式主语)
It is proved that
知识归纳
[名师指津]　prove表示“后来被发现是”时，是系动词，无被动语态，用主动形式表示被动意义。
(1)prove sth. to sb. 向某人证明某事
prove＋宾语从句 证明……
prove (sb./oneself)(to be)＋n./adj. 证明(某人)……
It is proved that… 据证明……，据证实……
(2)proof n. 证据；证明
There's (no)proof that… (没)有证据……
4 frightened adj. 受惊的，害怕的，惊吓的
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①She was nearly frightened to death when hearing the news that someone was hurt by the tiger.
②It was a frightening (frighten)disease and many people lost their lives.
③What happened？I heard Amy cry out in fright.
④The bird came to the window, but I moved suddenly and frightened it off/away.
⑤It's very difficult and it's a very tall order, but I don't think you should be frightened of having that ambition. ,
to
frightening
in
off/away
of
[能力提升]—— 微写作
⑥我非常害怕以至于我闭上眼睛，像一颗子弹一样拼命地向那个家伙扑去。
I was so frightened that I closed my eyes and desperately threw myself at that guy like a bullet.(读后续写之情感、动作描写；比喻修辞手法)
I was so frightened that
知识归纳
(1)be frightened of (doing)sth. 害怕(做)某事
be frightened to do sth. 不敢做某事
be frightened to death 吓得要死
(2)frightening adj. 令人害怕的，吓人的
(3)frighten v. (使)惊恐/害怕
frighten…away/off 把……吓走
(4)fright n. 惊吓；恐怖
cry out in fright 吓得大声叫喊
[写作佳句]　So frightened was she that she nearly fell down to the ground. (读后续写之情感、动作描写)
她非常害怕，以至于差点儿摔倒在地。
5 contribute v. 是……的原因之一；捐献；贡献；捐助；投稿；增加，添加
[基础检测]—— 猜测加黑词的含义
①They would like to contribute more to charity, but money is tight this year.向……捐款
②I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world.对……做出贡献
③I am sure that this meeting will contribute to the peace and security all over the world.有助于

向……捐款
对……做出贡献
有助于
[能力提升]—— 微写作
④(2025·全国二卷)这篇文章将对我们校报做出重大贡献，并帮助学生了解加拿大的体育文化。
The article will make a significant contribution to our school newspaper and help students learn about Canadian sports culture.(应用文写作之催稿信)
will make a significant contribution to
知识归纳
[名师指津]　contribute to和make a contribution to中的to都为介词，后面要接名词、代词或动名词。
(1)contribute…to…
把……贡献给……；把(时间等)投入……；向……捐款；投稿
contribute to 有助于；导致；造成；对……做出贡献
(2)contribution n. 贡献；捐款
make contributions/a contribution to 对……做出贡献；捐款
6 schedule n. 日程安排，工作计划；时间表 vt. 安排；预定
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空/补全句子
①As scheduled，we finished the task within one hour，so we took pride in ourselves.
②(柯林斯词典)Work has to be done on schedule and in a prearranged sequence.
③The plan is finished ahead of schedule (提前)，so we will have three days off.
④By the time I woke up, my train was almost five hours behind schedule (迟于预定时间)．
As
on
ahead of schedule
behind
schedule
[能力提升]—— 微写作
⑤我希望一切都按预定计划进行。
I hope everything is going according to schedule．
⑥难以把所有的事都排进一个紧张的日程。
It's difficult to cram everything into a tight schedule．
⑦定于星期五上午在讲堂召开会议。
The meeting is scheduled for Friday morning at the lecture hall. (应用文写作之邀请信)
according to schedule
a tight schedule
is scheduled for
知识归纳
(1)ahead of schedule 比原计划提前
on schedule 按时；按时间表
behind schedule 迟于预定时间
a busy/tight schedule 忙碌/紧张的日程安排
according to schedule 按照时间表
(2)be scheduled for sth./to do sth. 预定某事；安排做某事
as scheduled 按计划；如期
[写作佳句]　(2021·全国甲卷)The theme class meeting is scheduled to be held next Monday aiming to introduce traditional Chinese culture.(应用文写作之征求信)
主题班会预定于下周一举行，旨在介绍中国传统文化。
7 treatment n. 治疗；对待，待遇；处理
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①(2025·全国一卷)My brother has been under medical treatment (treat)recently, and his dog Toby treats him as the most important companion.
②In spite of the fact that you treat him very well (good)，he is a yellow dog.
③I'm going to treat myself to a new pair of shoes on my birthday.
[能力提升]—— 句式升级
④If he was treated in a proper way, he was likely to be saved.
→Treated in a proper way, he was likely to be saved. (分词作状语)
treatment
as
well
to
Treated in a proper way,
知识归纳
[写作佳句]　We've got to treat people with respect and dignity．
我们必须尊重他人。
(1)under treatment 在治疗中
(2)treat v. 对待；招待 n. 款待
treat…as… 把……看作……；把……视为……
treat sb. to sth. 用某物招待某人
treat sb. with respect/dignity/kindness尊敬某人/善待某人
treat sb. well/badly/seriously 好好对待/苛待/认真对待某人
(3)My treat. 我请客。
8 content n. 内容；目录 adj. 满足的；满意的 vt. 使满足
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①We should never content ourselves with the knowledge learned from the books.
②That rich man is tired of city life, so he is content to live (live)in the country.
③(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)In this art class, we painted to our heart's content and experienced a feeling we'd never had before.
with
to live
to
[能力提升]—— 句式升级
④The people are content with their present situations. They will surely make no more advances in life.
→Those who are content with their present situations will surely make no more advances in life.(定语从句)
who are content with their present situations
知识归纳
[名师指津]　①content作形容词时，只用作表语；若用于名词前作定语，要用contented。
②content表示“目录；所容纳之物”时，常用复数形式。
(1)be content to do sth. 乐于/愿意做某事
feel/be content with 对……感到满意
(2)content oneself with 使自己满足于……
(3)to one's heart's content 尽情地
9 end up 最终成为，最终处于
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①Maybe you'll end up as a lawyer, like me.
②You will end up in debt if you keep on spending money like that.
③They will only end up feeling (feel)worse about themselves.
④Both husband and wife had to work to make ends (end)meet.
⑤In the end, we all decided to organize a concert for Easter.
as
in
feeling
ends
In
[能力提升]—— 微写作
⑥(2024·浙江1月卷)亚历克斯·戴维森教授面授和网授同样的课程。他指出，他的在线学生最终的成绩通常较低。
Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online. He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades.
end up with lower grades
知识归纳
(1)end up with… 以……结束/告终(后接表具体事物的名词)
end up as 最后成为……(后接表身份、职务的名词)
end up in 结果是；最终是(后接抽象名词或地点名词)
end up doing sth. 最终做了某事
end up＋形容词/介词短语
最终处于……状态
(2)come to an end 结束
in the end 最后，终于
make (both)ends meet 使收支相抵；量入为出
[写作佳句]　If you give up, your progress will come to an end．
如果你放弃的话，你的进步就会戛然而止。
10 show off 显示，展示；炫耀，卖弄
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①Wait a minute, Sir! Let me show you out/in.
②All the new products are on show at the exhibition.
③Mike was trying to show off his talent by giving performances in the pub.
④He promised to attend the meeting，but he hasn't shown up yet.
out/in
on
off
up
[能力提升]—— 微写作
⑤当那天到来时，我很荣幸带你们参观北京。
It's my pleasure to show you around Beijing when that day comes.(应用文写作之邀请信)
⑥玛丽正在校园里散步，这时她看到一群女孩在炫耀她们时髦的衣服。
Mary was walking on campus when she saw a crowd of girls showing off their fashionable clothes．(读后续写之动作描写)
It's my pleasure to show you around Beijing
showing
off their fashionable clothes
知识归纳
(1)show…out 领……出去
show…in 领……进来
show sb. around/round 领某人参观
show up 出席；到场；出现，现身；使显现出
(2)(be)on show 在展出
[写作佳句]　(2021·浙江6月卷)About 200 amazing drawings are on show, ranging from Dunhuang frescoes to Zhang Daqian's famous paintings.So I highly recommend a visit to the exhibition to you. (读后续写之建议信)
大约有200幅令人惊奇的画作正在被展出，从敦煌壁画到张大千的名画。所以我强烈推荐你去参观这场展览。
11 句型公式：It＋be＋adj.＋that…
(教材原句)However，for those who are dangerously overweight, it is very important that they try to lose weight properly…
然而，对于那些超重达到危险程度的人来说，努力以适当方式减肥是很重要的……
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①He has spent a large amount of time reviewing，so it is certain that he will do well in his exam.

that
[能力提升]—— 微写作
②(2023·全国乙卷)最近有报道称，坚持传统饮食的人数正在缓慢下降。
It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining.
It is recently reported that
知识归纳
本句中it作形式主语，其常用结构有：
(1)It＋be＋形容词(possible、obvious、important、certain…)＋that从句
(2)It＋be＋名词短语(a pity、a fact、a wonder、an honour、an idea、no wonder…)＋that从句
(3)It＋be＋过去分词(said、thought、believed、suggested…)＋that从句
[写作佳句]　It's a pity that he failed and didn't live up to his parents' expectations.
遗憾的是他失败了，辜负了父母的期望。
12 句型公式：the way 作先行词的定语从句
(教材原句)Your friends also influence the way you view your physical appearance．
你的朋友也会影响你对自己外表的看法。
[基础检测]—— 补全句子
①The way (that/which)he thought of to solve the problem (他想到的解决问题的方法)was not practical.
②The way (that/in which)he answered the question (他回答问题的方式)was surprising.

(that/which) he thought of to solve the problem
(that/in which) he answered the question
[能力提升]—— 微写作
③你应该记住经常与同班同学交换意见是提高学习的好方法。
You should keep in mind that exchanging ideas with your classmates frequently is a good way to improve your study/of improving your study．(应用文写作之建议信)
to improve your study/of improving your
study
知识归纳
[写作佳句]　It's quite easy to make quite small changes to the way (in which/that)you work．
对你的工作方式做些相当细微的调整是很容易的。
(1)如果先行词the way在定语从句中作状语，关系词可以用in which/that或省略关系词。
(2)如果先行词the way在定语从句中作主语或宾语，要选用关系代词，作宾语时，关系代词可以省略。
(3)way表示“方式；方法”时，其后还可接不定式或of doing sth.形式。
[查漏补缺]
1．Through learning English you can understand the world in all aspects.
2．Jenny is a symbol of courage and success, and we take pride in her.
3．Regular exercise helps the film star get into shape and keep a slim figure.
4．In the past five years we have made (make)great progress.
5．In terms of natural resources, it is one of the poorest countries in South America.
B
拾遗考点
in
in
into
have made
of
6.As for physical health，teenagers should take in enough food to make their bodies function well.
7．After graduation we reached a point where we had to decide what to do next.
8．I really want to obtain this precious opportunity and I am sure that I can live up to your expectations.
9．When a great danger hangs over us, we had better keep calm and find a way out.
10．The money I earned during the summer holiday amounted to 300 dollars, which could help support my family.
in
where
to
over
to
知识点拨
1.take in 摄入，吸收
2．“in the past＋时间段”与现在完成时连用
3．live up to 达到，符合
4．amount to 共计
5．in all aspects 从各个方面来说
6.get into shape 强身健体
7．in terms of 就……而言，关于
8．take pride in 为……自豪，为……骄傲
9．where引导的定语从句
10．hang over 使忧心忡忡
我的收获：________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
多维演练 　素养提升
返回
维度一　单句语法填空
1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)And are listening to and viewing content as effective (effect)as reading the written word when covering the same material
2．(2025·全国二卷)To my surprise, they weren't frightened (frighten)by the complexity of Chinese pronunciation but were eager to learn more.
3．Project Hope has made important contributions (contribute)to both the education and the health of children.
effective
frightened
contributions
4．This has tested our marriage, and we have come through it, stronger (strong)than ever．
5．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Some of our memories (memory)are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little.
6．(2023·全国乙卷)Writing is one of humanity's later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate (有文字的)societies recorded their concerns (concern)not only in writing but in things.
7．Although my grandpa is over seventy years old, he is energetic (energy)．
stronger
memories
concerns
energetic
8．(2025·全国二卷)Instead of correcting pronunciation, I chose to focus on the cultural story behind my name.
9．People will lose weight when they slim down with a friend.
10．Without education, these children will end up as factory fodder.
on
down
as
维度二　一词多义和熟词生义
1．rather
(1)He worked till late last night, or rather, early this morning.C
(2)It was a nice house, but rather too small for a family of five.A
(3)(2023·全国乙卷)It's thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits.B
C
A
B
A.adv. 相当；颇　B．adv. 相反；反而　C．adv. 更确切地说
2．content
(1)(2025·全国二卷)The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there's no reason others can't look this good.C
(2)(2022·全国乙卷)Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import，depending on the sugar content．D
(3)(2021·浙江6月卷)If you ever get the impression that your dog can “tell” whether you look content or annoyed，you may be onto something.B
(4)By looking at the page of contents，you can know about the style of the book.A
A.n. [pl.]目录　B．adj. 满意的，满足的　C．n. 内容　D．n. 含量
C
D
B
A
3．contribute
(1)Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in explaining new concepts and policies to others.E
(2)(2023·浙江1月卷)They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy.D
(3)(2021·浙江6月卷)I decided it was not fair that I had to contribute my money.C
A.v. 投稿　B．v. 是……的原因之一　C．v. 捐献　D．v. 做出贡献　E. v. 发表意见，提议
E
D
C
(4)She writes short stories in her free time and often contributes them to the school magazine. A
(5)Lack of enough sleep can contribute to poor concentration in class for many students.B
A.v. 投稿　B．v. 是……的原因之一　C．v. 捐献　D．v. 做出贡献　E. v. 发表意见，提议
A
B
4．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的词性和意思
(1)I'd better skip the party and stay at home to revise.vt. 不参加
点拨：skip(熟义)vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地走；略过。此处用作及物动词，意为“不参加”。
(2)As is known to all，political power depends upon economical strength．n. 实力
点拨：strength(熟义)n. 优势；力气，力量。此处意为“实力”。
(3)Immediately she'd gone, I remembered her name.conj. 一……就
点拨：immediately(熟义)adv. 立即，接近，直接地；紧接地。此处用作连词，意为“一……就”。
vt. 不参加
n. 实力
conj. 一……就
维度三　写作素养提升
Ⅰ.单元话题写作
假定你是李华，你们学校校刊需要英文投稿，主题是“要健康的生活方式，不能牺牲健康盲目减肥”，请你写一篇文章投稿。
Step 1要点提示(黑体部分请用本单元知识)
①近年来，一种上升的趋势出现，女孩经常不吃饭或采取极端饮食来变得苗条。
In recent years, a growing trend has emerged where girls often skip meals or adopt extreme diets to become slim．
In recent years, a growing trend has emerged
meals or adopt extreme diets to become slim
often skip
②这种方法往往会导致个人损害他们的健康。
This approach often leads to individuals damaging their health．
③保持一个良好身材的愿望是可以理解的。
The desire to maintain a good figure is understandable.
④必须记住，永远不应该牺牲健康。
It's essential to remember that health should never be sacrificed.
⑤从长远来看，在健康的范围内稍微重一些的体重被证明更有益。
A slightly heavier weight, within a healthy range, can prove to be more beneficial in the long run.
leads to individuals damaging their health
The desire to maintain a good figure
remember that health should never be sacrificed
A slightly heavier
within a healthy range,
prove to be more
beneficial
⑥我们的身体需要一定(数)量的营养才能正常工作。
Our bodies need a certain amount of nutrition to function properly．
⑦总之，采取一种平衡的生活方式，而不是盲目的减肥，这是至关重要的。
In conclusion, it's crucial to take a balanced lifestyle rather than blind weight loss．
⑧以全面的方式拥抱健康，而不是仅仅关注外表，将确保一个更快乐和更健康的生活。
It will ensure a happier and healthier life by embracing health in an all-round way rather than focusing solely on appearance．
a certain amount of nutrition
function properly
In conclusion,
take a balanced lifestyle rather than blind
ensure a happier and healthier life
weight loss
embracing health in an
all-round way rather than focusing solely on appearance
Step 2句式升级
⑨将句③和句④用while连接起来
While the desire to maintain a good figure is understandable, it's essential to remember that health should never be sacrificed.
⑩将句⑧升级为动名词短语作主语的句子
Embracing health in an all-around way, rather than focusing solely on appearance, will ensure a happier and healthier life.

While the desire to maintain a good figure is understandable, it's essential to remember that health should never be sacrificed.
Embracing health in an all-around way, rather than focusing solely on appearance, will ensure a happier and healthier life.
Step 3衔接成文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇)
Dear editor，
In recent years, a growing trend has emerged where girls often skip meals or adopt extreme diets to become slim. This approach often leads to individuals damaging their health.
While the desire to maintain a good figure is understandable, it's essential to remember that health should never be sacrificed. A slightly heavier weight, within a healthy range, can prove to be more beneficial in the long run. Our bodies need a certain amount of nutrition to function properly.
Dear editor，
In recent years, a growing trend has emerged where girls often skip meals or adopt extreme diets to become slim. This approach often leads to individuals damaging their health.
While the desire to maintain a good figure is understandable, it's essential to remember that health should never be sacrificed. A slightly heavier weight, within a healthy range, can prove to be more beneficial in the long run. Our bodies need a certain amount of nutrition to function properly.
In conclusion, it's crucial to take a balanced lifestyle rather than blind weight loss. Embracing health in an all-round way, rather than focusing solely on appearance, will ensure a happier and healthier life.
Best regards,
Li Hua
In conclusion, it's crucial to take a balanced lifestyle rather than blind weight loss. Embracing health in an all-round way, rather than focusing solely on appearance, will ensure a happier and healthier life.
Best regards,
Li Hua
Ⅱ.读后续写微技能
情感细节描写：恐惧与惊恐
[语言素材]——输入必备知识
单词 1.afraid adj. 害怕的
2．scared adj. 惊恐的
3．frightened adj. 受惊的
4．terrified adj. 极度恐惧的
5．panicked adj. 恐慌的
6．alarmed adj. 惊慌的
7．fear n. 恐惧
8．terror n. 惊恐
词块 1.freeze in fear 吓得僵住
2．tremble with fear 害怕得发抖
3．one's blood runs cold 血液凝固
4．heart pounds with fear 心因恐惧而狂跳
5．scream in terror 惊恐尖叫
6．be overcome with terror 内心恐惧极了
[跟踪演练]——提升关键能力
任务1　单句表达
1．她对即将到来的期末考试感到极度恐惧。(terrified)
She was absolutely terrified about the upcoming final examination.
2．听到来自楼上的奇怪的声音，她吓得僵住了。(freeze)
She froze in fear when she heard the strange noise coming from upstairs.
3．当他慢慢靠近那座废弃的房子时，他因为恐惧而全身发抖。(tremble)
He trembled with fear as he approached the abandoned house slowly.
was absolutely terrified
She froze in fear
He trembled with fear
4．看到可怕的车祸现场，她的血液都凝固了。(blood)
Her blood ran cold when she witnessed the terrible car accident scene.
5．在恐怖电影最吓人的场景中，她的心因恐惧而狂跳。(heart)
Her heart pounded with fear during the most terrifying scenes of the horror movie.
Her blood ran cold
Her heart pounded with fear
任务2　语段表达
When Sarah heard footsteps behind her in the empty hallway, she 1.became completely panicked (非常恐慌)and started running. She 　2.was overcome with terror (内心恐惧极了)as the footsteps seemed to follow her every move. Unable to control her fear any longer, she couldn't help but 3.scream in terror (惊恐尖叫)when a shadow suddenly appeared around the corner. Her whole body shook uncontrollably as she realized she 4.was completely alarmed (非常惊慌)by what turned out to be just her own reflection in the mirror.
became completely panicked
was overcome with terror
scream in terror
was completely alarmed
基础默测
返回
一、核心单词写得准
1．skip vt. 不做(应做的事情等)；跳过 vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地走；略过
2．immediately adv. 立即，马上 conj. 一……就
3．slim vi. 变苗条，减肥 adj. 苗条的；微薄的，小的
4．prove linking v. 后来被发现是 vt. 证明，证实
5．slightly adv. 稍微，略微
6．diet n. 节食；日常饮食 vi. 节食，进行规定饮食
7．effective adj. 有效的；生效的
A
默写达标
skip
immediately
slim
prove
slightly
diet
effective
8．rather adv. 相反，而是；相当；更准确地说
9．pressure n. 心理压力，紧张；压力；要求，催促
10．attack n. 发作；攻击；抨击 vt. & vi. 攻击；侵袭；抨击
11．schedule n. 日程安排，工作计划；时间表
12．negative adj. 消极的，负面的；坏的，有害的；否定的
13．campus n. (大学、学院的)校园，校区
14．saying n. 格言，谚语，警句
15．digital adj. 数码的，数字的
16．external adj. 外来的，外在的；外面的，外部的
17．content n. 内容；目录
rather
pressure
attack
schedule
negative
campus
saying
digital
external
content
二、拓展单词通变化
1．concentrate vi. & vt. 集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注→concentration n. 集中；专注
2．concerned adj. 担心的，忧虑的；关注的，关切的→concern n. 关心；忧虑 vt. 涉及；使担忧；对……感兴趣→concerning prep. 关于，涉及
3．effect n. 效果，作用；影响→effective adj. 有效的→effectively adv. 有效地→affect vt. 影响→affection n. 感情；喜爱
4．function vi. 起作用，正常工作，运转 n. 作用，功能，职能→functional adj. 功能的；实用的
5．frightened adj. 害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的→frightening adj. 令人恐惧的→frighten vt. 使恐惧
concentrate
concentration
concerned
concern
concerning
effect
effective
effectively
affect
affection
function
functional
frightened
frightening
frighten
6．contribute vi. & vt. 是……的原因之一；捐赠，捐献；增加，添加→contribution n. 贡献→contributor n. 捐赠者；投稿人
7．memory n. 记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆→memorize v. 记忆，记住
8．addition n. 增加，添加；加法→add v. 增加；添加；补充说→additional adj. 附加的，另外的→additionally adv. 此外
9．beauty n. 美，美丽；美人，美好的东西→beautiful adj. 美丽的→beautify vt.美化；使更美丽
10．strength n. 优势；力气，力量；实力→strengthen v. 巩固，加强→strong adj. 强壮的
11．talent n. 天资，天赋；人才，天才→talented adj. 有才能的
12．achievement n. 成就，成绩；达到，完成→achieve v. 完成，达到；实现
contribute
contribution
contributor
memory
memorize
addition
add
additional
additionally
beauty
beautiful
beautify
strength
strengthen
strong
talent
talented
achievement
achieve
三、阅读单词晓词义
1．yogurt n. 酸奶
2．faint vi. 昏厥 adj. 昏眩的；微弱的，可能性不大的
3．sex n. 性别
4．nutrition n. 营养
5．within prep.
在(某段时间)之内；在(某段距离、范围)之内；在……里
6．surgery n. 外科手术
7．male adj. 男性的；雄性的 n. 男性；雄性
8．female adj. 女性的；雌性的 n. 女性；雌性
9．individuality n. 个性，个人特征
酸奶
昏厥
昏眩的；微弱的，可能性不大的
性别
营养
在(某段时间)之内；在(某段距离、范围)之内；在……里
外科手术
男性的；雄性的
男性；雄性
女性的；雌性的
女性；雌性
个性，个人特征
四、重点短语明搭配
1．pass out 昏迷，失去知觉
2．slim down 变苗条，减肥
3．side effect 副作用
4．take in 摄入，吸收
5．contribute to 促成，造成
6．in the short/long term 从短期/长期看
7．in addition 此外
8．hang over 使忧心忡忡，担心可能发生
9．live up to 达到，符合，不辜负

pass out
slim down
side effect
take in
contribute to
in the short/long term
in addition
hang over
live up to
10．end up 最终成为，最终处于
11．show off 显示，展示；炫耀，卖弄
12．take pride in 为……自豪，为……骄傲
end up
show off
take pride in
五、教材佳句会运用
1．她最近几个月一直没吃过早饭。(“in/for/during the past/last＋一段时间”，句子用完成时态)
She has not eaten breakfast for the last few months．
2．青少年轻微超重是正常现象，没有理由为此焦虑。(why引导定语从句)
It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason why they should be worried．

for the last few months
why they should be worried
3．她已经去过几家医院，所有的医生都说疼痛不可能很快停止。(be unlikely to do... 不可能做……)
She has been to several hospitals and all the doctors say that the pain is unlikely to stop any time soon.
4．你的朋友也影响你看待自己外表的方式。(the way作先行词的定语从句)
Your friends also influence the way you view your physical appearance．
is unlikely to stop
the way you view your physical
appearance
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their strengths (优势)and weaknesses.
2．She didn't read the letter, so she didn't know its contents (内容)．
3．Don't be frightened by sharks: you are 30 times more likely to be hit by lightning than be attacked (攻击)by a shark.
4．About 20% of teenagers say they have tried going on a diet and skipping (跳过)meals to control their weight.
5．Because Mary is on a diet, she is becoming slimmer (苗条)than before.
B
基础检测
strengths
contents
attacked
skipping
slimmer
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．It's time for us to take effective (effect)measures to protect our environment.
2．At the sight of the frightening (frighten)scene, everyone on the spot felt very frightened.
3．We admire the old scientist for his contributions (contribute)to the country.
4．Don't compare your strengths (strength)with others' weaknesses，which is meaningless.
5．As far as I'm concerned (concern)，you should accompany your friend to give her comfort when she is upset.
effective
frightening
contributions
strengths
concerned
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．Protecting our environment is very costly, but in the long term, it will benefit the whole society.
2．It's certain that people will put on weight when they take in more calories than they burn off.
3．The young couple seemed very happy, but they ended up in divorce.
4．You must wash your hands when preparing food, to guard against spreading the disease.
5．Young musicians will get the chance to show off their musical skills.
take in; guard against; show off; in the long term; end up
in the long term,
take in
ended up
guard against
to show off
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1．他告诉我们他在过去五年里取得了很大的进步。(“in/for/during the past/last＋一段时间”，句子用完成时态)
He told us that he had made great progress in the past five years.
2．我们不信任他的原因是他总是说谎。(why引导定语从句)
The reason why we don't trust him is that he always tells lies.
3．明天天气不可能是晴朗的。(be unlikely to do...)
The weather is unlikely to be fine tomorrow.
4．你看待这个问题的方式是错误的。(the way作先行词的定语从句)
The way (that/in which)you looked at the problem was wrong.
he had made great progress
The reason why we don't trust him
is unlikely to be fine
(that/in which) you looked at the problem
课时作业
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课时作业7
课时作业8
课时作业7
(总分：35分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分)
A
(2025·湖北云学新高考联盟联考)
It's too early to name any activity The Sport of 2025，but if you asked me to do it today，I would give the title to HYROX，which is an individual but interactive activity. Fitness fans run eight kilometres and stop after each to perform exercises such as sled pushes or burpees.The faster you complete the course，the higher your score is in the HYROX worldwide rankings. Many surveys indicate that people are exercising more now than in previous years.It's individual fitness pursuits that are driving the rise.
I spent the first half of my 29-year-old life as a hockey player and the second as a distance runner.I long for the common goal of team sports，but I also value the responsibility and clear results that come from working toward my own running targets.So it's odd to me that people prefer individual fitness pursuits to team sports.
One common explanation is that organized sports haven't bounced back since the pandemic(疫情)a few years ago. When people learned to exercise with less money，equipment，space，time and organization，they kept individual activities. Meanwhile，there are now fitness apps for users to tailor workouts based on their heart rates and sleep quality. The rise of wearables has also got some of us addicted to our own exercise routines.
However，an obvious problem for individual sports is loneliness. Engaging in team sports is a proven way to ease it，which boosts our ability to interact and form meaningful relationships. Well，HYROX is a combined activity：an individual sport that we do with others. Each competition follows the same scoring system，which allows people to compare their results with others around the world.
It's the type that's come to dominate the fitness world. And，according to Guy Faulkner，a professor at the University of British Columbia，if it gets people out of the door，then it's a good one.“The most effective form of sport，”he said，“is the form you will sustain.”
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了HYROX这一新兴的兼具独立性与互动性的活动，阐述了人们越来越倾向于个人健身追求的现象及原因等，还提及专家对有效运动形式的看法。
1．What is the key feature of HYROX？(　　)
A．It requires teamwork and shared plans.
B．It is organized to find sports partners.
C．It skips physical challenges for leisure.
D．It is self-paced but ranked with others.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I would give the title to HYROX，which is an individual but interactive activity…The faster you complete the course，the higher your score is in the HYROX worldwide rankings.”可知，HYROX是个人运动，但具有互动性，健身爱好者可以按自己的节奏完成跑步和训练，完成速度决定其在全球排名中的位置，即它由个人控制节奏但会和其他人一起排名。故选D。
D
2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about？(　　)
A．Negative effects of collective sports.
B．Methods of choosing wearables.
C．Reasons for the shift to individual fitness.
D．Tailored workouts with fitness apps.
C
解析：主旨大意题。第三段开头“One common explanation is that organized sports haven't bounced back since the pandemic(疫情)a few years ago.When people…kept individual activities.”提到有组织的运动还未恢复，人们学会在资源有限的情况下进行个人活动，接着“there are now fitness apps…The rise of wearables has also got some of us addicted to our own exercise routines”指出健身应用程序和可穿戴设备的发展让人们保持着个人健身习惯。该段整体是在阐述人们转向个人健身的原因。故选C。
3．How does HYROX address the problem with individual sports？(　　)
A.By targeting people afraid of public interactions.
B.By connecting individuals with shared experiences.
C．By prioritizing personal achievements over group goals.
D．By offering a kind of treatment for mental health issues.
B
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“However，an obvious problem for individual sports is loneliness.”和“HYROX is a combined activity：an individual sport that we do with others. Each competition follows the same scoring system，which allows people to compare their results with others around the world.”可知，个人运动的问题是孤独，而HYROX是个人和他人一起进行的运动，有统一的评分系统，能让人们和世界各地的人比较成绩，也就是通过这种方式将有共同经历(都参与HYROX运动)的个人联系起来。故选B。
4．What does Guy Faulkner consider the most effective sport？(　　)
A．Sport that requires the least effort.
B．Sport that involves more people.
C．Sport that one will do consistently.
D．Sport that provides the quickest results.
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“according to Guy Faulkner…‘The most effective form of sport，’he said，‘is the form you will sustain.’”可知，Guy Faulkner认为最有效的运动是人们能持续进行的运动。故选C。
C
B
(2025·湖北黄冈学海园大联考)
In the Digital Age, we've grown accustomed to instant gratification. With a few clicks, we can access information, shop online, and communicate with people across the globe. However, this convenience has led to a decline in patience. Research suggests that practicing patience can actually improve our well-being and lead to better outcomes in various aspects of life.
Patience has long been regarded as a virtue, and now, scientific evidence firmly supports its numerous benefits. Studies have shown that practicing gratitude and patience can reduce stress, increase happiness, and even improve decision-making skills. For example, delaying immediate rewards in favor of long-term benefits can lead to greater satisfaction and success. This is because patience allows us to think more clearly and avoid impulsive actions that may have negative consequences.
Moreover, patience is crucial in building strong relationships. In a world where instant communication is the norm, people often expect immediate responses. However, taking the time to listen and understand others can lead to deeper connections and more meaningful interactions. For instance, putting off watching a favorite show to spend quality time with family or friends can strengthen bonds and create lasting memories.
Despite these benefits, many people struggle to be patient. The constant stream of notifications and the pressure to respond immediately can make it difficult to practice patience. However, small changes in behavior can make a big difference. For example, setting aside specific times to check emails or social media can help reduce the urge to respond immediately. Additionally, practicing mindfulness and focusing on the present moment can improve one's ability to remain patient.
While the Digital Age has brought many conveniences, it has also weakened our patience. By acknowledging the significance of patience and making a conscious effort to cultivate it in our daily lives, we can experience remarkable improvements in our mental health, and overall quality of life.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了在数字时代，人们应重视并培养耐心，因为它对身心健康和生活质量有积极影响。
5．What does the underlined word “gratification” mean in the first paragraph？(　　)
A．Gratitude. B．Satisfaction.
C．Curiosity. D．Disturbance.
解析：词句猜测题。根据第一段中“In the Digital Age…this convenience has led to a decline in patience.”可知，在数字时代，只需点击几下，我们就能获取信息、在线购物并与全球各地的人交流，人们已经习惯了即时满足感(即通过简单的操作就能立即获得想要的东西)。所以gratification在此处的意思是“满足，满意”。故选B。
B
6．Which example best illustrates the importance of patience in building relationships？(　　)
A．John always replies to his friends' messages within seconds.
B．Tom quickly finishes his homework so that he can watch TV.
C．Lily buys a new dress online without thinking carefully.
D．Mary chooses to chat with her mother instead of playing mobile games.
D
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“Moreover, patience is crucial…friends can strengthen bonds and create lasting memories.”可知，“玛丽选择和她妈妈聊天而不是玩手机游戏”最能说明耐心在建立关系中的重要性。故选D。
7．What can be inferred about the author's attitude towards the Digital Age？(　　)
A．Supportive. B．Objective.
C．Negative. D．Indifferent.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“While the Digital Age has brought many conveniences…we can experience remarkable improvements in our mental health, and overall quality of life.”可知，作者既提到了数字时代的便利，也指出了它带来的问题(如耐心下降)。因此，作者对数字时代的态度是客观的。故选B。
B
8．What is the main idea of the passage？(　　)
A．The Digital Age has made people's lives more convenient.
B．Patience is a virtue that should be practiced in the Digital Age.
C．Instant gratification is necessary for modern life.
D.Technology has improved people's ability to communicate.
B
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“Research suggests that practicing patience can actually improve our well-being and lead to better outcomes in various aspects of life.”以及最后一段中“By acknowledging the significance of patience and making a conscious effort to cultivate it in our daily lives, we can experience remarkable improvements in our mental health, and overall quality of life.”可知，文章主要讲述了在数字时代，人们已经习惯了即时满足感，但这种便利也导致了人们的耐心下降。研究表明，耐心实际上可以改善我们的幸福感，并在生活的各个方面带来更好的结果。文章还讨论了如何在日常生活中培养耐心。所以，这篇文章的主旨是：在数字时代，耐心是一种应该被培养的美德。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分)
(2025·吉林长春模拟)
While her classmates played sports, Meenah Sukasem, 12, spent her time building a business. As the CEO of Bkrafts，she creates handmade headbands and bracelets.“I have a __1__ for crafting (手工制作)，” she said.
Meenah started crafting at nine and wanted to turn her hobby into a __2__.Hearing her ambition, many people around her held deep disbelief that a child of her age could __3__ it. However, she just ignored the doubt and stuck to her goal. In October, she joined the Young Entrepreneurs Academy (YEA！)，where some __4__ businessmen teach students business skills.“I entered knowing nothing about business but __5__ as a businessman，” she recalled. YEA！， established in 2004，helps __6__ students develop ideas, conduct research, learn from the seniors, and build their businesses. Program director Candy Troutman witnessed Meenah's growth, “She was quiet at first but __7__ the organization in the end. It's totally beyond expectation.”
Later, Meenah attended a competition where she __8__ her program to investors, and they were in favor of it. She was entitled “the Local Star” and __9__ to the semi-final in New York.“Though I didn't reach the final, meeting new people was invaluable，” she said.
With the support of investors，Meenah __10__ founded Bkrafts in April, selling over $150，000 worth of handmade products. She balances school and business，__11__ her creations at youth markets. Her __12__ inspires peers, proving that __13__ is no barrier to success.
“Success is not just about winning any __14__ awards in a race，” Meenah shared. “It's about an experience of pursuing your passion by __15__ social prejudice against success at a young age.”
[语篇解读]本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了12岁的Meenah Sukasem将自己做手工的爱好发展成了事业的故事。尽管起初人们对她小小年纪就创业满是质疑，但她坚持自己的选择，通过参加比赛获得了投资，并成功创建了Bkrafts。她的成功证明了年龄并不是成功的障碍。
While her classmates played sports, Meenah Sukasem, 12, spent her time building a business. As the CEO of Bkrafts，she creates handmade headbands and bracelets.“I have a __1__ for crafting (手工制作)，” she said.
1．(　　)A.passion B．point
C．reason D．rule
解析：根据下文中的“Meenah started crafting at nine and wanted to turn her hobby into a __2__.”可知，手工制作是Meenah Sukasem的兴趣爱好。由此可见，她酷爱手工制作。故选A。另外，文章结尾处的“It's about an experience of pursuing your passion”也是提示。point“观点，论点”；reason“理由”；rule“规则”。
答案分析
A
Meenah started crafting at nine and wanted to turn her hobby into a __2__.
2．(　　)A.habit B．tradition
C．deal D．career
解析：根据上文中的“spent her time building a business. As the CEO of Bkrafts, she creates handmade headbands and bracelets”可知，Meenah Sukasem将手工发展成了自己的事业。故选 D。habit“习惯”；tradition“传统”；deal“交易”。
D
Hearing her ambition, many people around her held deep disbelief that a child of her age could __3__ it. However, she just ignored the doubt and stuck to her goal.
3．(　　)A.take B．get
C．make D．grasp
解析：根据上文中的“many people around her held deep disbelief”可知，许多人对她的创业持有怀疑态度，他们不相信她能做成这件事情。make it意为“获得成功”，符合语境。故选C。take“取，拿” ；get “理解，明白”；grasp“抓紧，抓牢，理解，领会”。
C
In October, she joined the Young Entrepreneurs Academy (YEA！)，where some __4__ businessmen teach students business skills.
4．(　　)A.determined B．experienced
C．excited D．satisfied
解析：根据下文中的“teach students business skills”和“learn from the seniors”并结合常识可知，能够给学生传授做生意技能的应该是有经验的企业家。故选B。determined“坚定的，坚决的，果断的”； excited“激动的，兴奋的”；satisfied“满意的，满足的”。
B
“I entered knowing nothing about business but __5__ as a businessman，” she recalled. YEA！， established in 2004，helps __6__ students develop ideas, conduct research, learn from the seniors, and build their businesses.
5．(　　)A.left B．worked
C．failed D．pretended
解析：空处前后为转折关系，根据空前的“I entered knowing nothing about business”可知，Meenah刚加入YEA！的时候对于商业一无所知，但是，到她离开的时候已经是一个商人了。故选A。work“工作”；fail“失败”； pretend“假装”。
A
“I entered knowing nothing about business but __5__ as a businessman，” she recalled. YEA！， established in 2004，helps __6__ students develop ideas, conduct research, learn from the seniors, and build their businesses.
6．(　　)A.simple-minded B．like-minded
C．hard-headed D．hot-headed
解析：根据上文中的“she joined the Young Entrepreneurs Academy (YEA！)，where some __4__ businessmen teach students business skills”并结合常识可知，YEA！会向有相同的做生意兴趣的年轻人传授做生意的技能。故选B。simple-minded“智力低下的，愚蠢的，头脑简单的”；hard-headed“坚定而不感情用事的，精明冷静的”；hot-headed“鲁莽的”。
B
Program director Candy Troutman witnessed Meenah's growth, “She was quiet at first but __7__ the organization in the end. It's totally beyond expectation.”
7．(　　)A.worked up B．let down
C．pulled out D．blew away
解析：根据上文可知，Meenah Sukasem 刚加入YEA！的时候对于商业一无所知，但到她离开时已成为一个商人，此处是指她起初很安静，但在结束的时候给该组织里的人留下了深刻的印象。blow away意为“给……留下深刻印象，深深打动”，符合语境。故选 D。work up“使烦恼，使发怒，激发”；let down“使失望”；pull out“从……退出”。
D
Later, Meenah attended a competition where she __8__ her program to investors, and they were in favor of it.
8．(　　)A.adjusted B．presented
C．changed D．devoted
解析：根据上文中的“Meenah attended a competition” 并结合常识可知，她需要向投资者展示自己的项目。故选B。adjust“调整”；change “改变”；devote“献身，致力，专心”。
B
She was entitled “the Local Star” and __9__ to the semi-final in New York.“Though I didn't reach the final, meeting new people was invaluable，” she said.
9．(　　)A.belonged B．related
C．advanced D．contributed
解析：根据上文中的“Meenah attended a competition”可知，Meenah参加了一个比赛，结合空后的“to the semi-final”可知，她进入了半决赛。故选C。belong to“属于”；relate to“涉及”；contribute to“有助于，促成”。
C
With the support of investors，Meenah __10__ founded Bkrafts in April, selling over $150，000 worth of handmade products.
10．(　　)A.eventually B．randomly
C．potentially D．temporarily
解析：结合上文内容可知，Meenah 先是有了创业想法，之后参加YEA！进行学习，然后参加比赛并成功进入半决赛，她一步步地向着自己创业的目标前进，因此此处是说Meenah在得到投资者的支持之后最终创建了Bkrafts。故选A。randomly“随机地”；potentially“可能地，潜在地”；temporarily“暂时地”。
A
She balances school and business，__11__ her creations at youth markets. Her __12__ inspires peers, proving that __13__ is no barrier to success.
11．(　　)A.purchasing B．promoting
C．publishing D．maintaining
解析：根据语境和常识可知，Meenah 是商人，所以此处应是说她在年轻人市场中推销自己的创作。故选B。purchase“购买”；publish“出版，公布”；maintain“维持，保持”。
B
She balances school and business，__11__ her creations at youth markets. Her __12__ inspires peers, proving that __13__ is no barrier to success.
12．(　　)A.generosity B．dependence
C．kindness D．creativity
解析：根据上文中的“__11__ her creations at youth markets”可知，Meenah在年轻人市场中推销自己的创作，所以此处应该是她的创意启发了同龄人。故选D。generosity“慷慨，大方，宽宏大量”；dependence“(生存或成功必需的)依靠，依赖，依存”；kindness“善良，善行”。
D
She balances school and business，__11__ her creations at youth markets. Her __12__ inspires peers, proving that __13__ is no barrier to success.
13．(　　)A.gender B．ability
C．age D．poverty
解析：根据上文中的“many people around her held deep disbelief that a child of her age could __3__ it”可知，Meenah 在创业之初，人们对其在这么小的年纪创业持怀疑态度，但是Meenah 成功了，这就证明了年龄并不是成功的障碍。故选 C。另外，下文中的“social prejudice against success at a young age”也是提示。gender“性别”；ability“能力”；poverty“贫穷，贫困”。
C
“Success is not just about winning any __14__ awards in a race，” Meenah shared. “It's about an experience of pursuing your passion by __15__ social prejudice against success at a young age.”
14．(　　)A.virtual B．artistic
C．material D．moral
解析：根据下文中的“It's about an experience of pursuing your passion by __15__ social prejudice”可知，Meenah认为成功关乎精神层面，因此此处指的是她认为成功并不只是在比赛中获得任何物质奖励。故选 C。virtual“模拟的，虚拟的”；artistic“艺术的，艺术家的”；moral“道德的”。
C
“Success is not just about winning any __14__ awards in a race，” Meenah shared. “It's about an experience of pursuing your passion by __15__ social prejudice against success at a young age.”
15．(　　)A.challenging B．measuring
C．improving D．recording
解析：根据上文内容可知，Meenah 的创业挑战了人们对其年纪轻轻就创业不能成功的看法。故选A。measure“测量，度量”；improve“改进，改善”；record“记录”。
A
课时作业8
(总分：32.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分)
A
Growing up in a Jamaican American household, food was an important part of my childhood. I remember my grandmother preparing fried dumplings and curry mutton, jazz music playing in the background. Food was our greatest treasure. Food brought the family together. Food celebrated new beginnings and eased the wounds of life's untimely endings.
When I was 8, I was diagnosed with a muscle disease, which caused me to spend most of my childhood in hospital, rooms and wheelchairs, slowly gaining weight by swallowing prednisone (肾上腺皮质激素)hidden inside mint chocolate chip ice cream. My mom made it her duty to help me lose the weight through strict dieting. I've tried every single one. In fairness, my mother did the best she could. As a single mom, she felt this brought us closer. However, as an adult, I began to experience a paralyzing fear of food. My “I'll start a new diet on Monday” mind-set lasted for 16 years as I uncontrollably ate and abused my body. I was worried that I was not attractive enough. So obsessed and afraid no one would hire me as an actress if I didn't win the battle with the numbers on the scale, in February 2011 I was send to hospital.
We do extreme things to our bodies because of those numbers, numbers that cannot talk with us or love us. I have had to stop judging my belly, stop starving myself, stop getting on the scale and staring at those numbers. I have come to the realization that my life is more important than those numbers on the scale and that the quality of the life I live is more important than how I look in the mirror.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者因为体重的数字对自己做出极端的事情，然后意识到生命比这些数字更重要，自己生活的质量比自己在镜子里的样子更重要。
1．What role did food play in author's childhood？(　　)
A．It strengthened the family bonds.
B．It was a source of family income.
C．It's the only treasure the family had.
D．It's the way to celebrate Jamaican tradition.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Food brought the family together.”可知，在作者的童年，食物是加强家庭联系的纽带。
A
2．What might be the initial reason of the author's strict dieting？(　　)
A．The beauty trend.
B．Her muscle disease treatment.
C．Her mother's expectation.
D．Anxiety about her career.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When I was 8…through strict dieting.”可知，为了帮女儿减掉因治疗肌肉疾病而增加的体重，作者母亲严格限制作者的饮食。
B
3．How did the author feel about her dieting？(　　)
A．It was fruitful.
B．It was useless.
C．It made her frightened of food.
D．It brought her and Mom closer.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“However, as an adult, I began to experience a paralyzing fear of food.”可知，作者因为过度节食而对食物感到害怕。
C
4．What attitude does the author have to the numbers on the scale now？(　　)
A．Uncaring. B．Deeply skeptical.
C．Dismissive. D．Particularly concerned.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I have come to…look in the mirror.”可推知，作者现在对自己的体重毫不在意。
A
B
Fashion designers have a big say in what's considered beautiful. They pick who's in their shows and ads, shaping what's celebrated as beauty. But this power also means responsibility—it can be used to leave people out or lift them up.
When I was young, fashion was my world. I pored over various fashion magazines at my local bookstore, desiring to be tall, thin, and have long, shiny hair to fit the ideal. I wanted to be like those models, so I stopped eating. It was a tough time; my eating disorder consumed me. It took years to break free from its control, allowing me to focus on my true passions.
For so long, the fashion industry has worked hard to set an ideal of beauty that celebrates thin, young, white, and able-bodied models as the ideal. It's impossible not to be exposed to images of models that have been photoshopped to where there's not a single spot in sight. This idea is everywhere, and it hurts people. Shockingly, around 91% of women are unhappy with their appearance. It's sad that teens grow up in a society where they deny themselves.
There's progress—models and musicians promote body positivity. However, the pressure to meet unrealistic standards remains. Changing these standards involves bravely celebrating diverse beauty. True inclusivity goes beyond appearances. It requires diverse decision-makers, photographers, and casting directors cooperating. Young designers often overlook this crucial aspect. Hiring plus-size or transgender photographers, diverse casting directors, or makeup artists who understand the importance of accommodating to various skin tones, is vital for an overall approach.
We aimed to redefine the “bikini body” standards. However, the goal isn't for the consumer's body to change but for clothes to accommodate all sizes. We need more fashion for everyone, no matter their size or where they shop. It's our responsibility as designers to challenge this narrow beauty definition. My hope is for future teens to escape the pressures I faced, developing a fashion industry celebrating diverse identities.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章通过对时尚标准的讨论，表达了人们应该打破传统观念，建立多样性的时尚标准的观点。
5．What does the underlined phrase “pored over” in paragraph 2 probably mean？(　　)
A．Classified carefully. B．Read attentively.
C．Compared thoroughly. D．Recommended sincerely.
解析：词义猜测题。根据上一句“When I was young, fashion was my world.”和画线词所在句“I pored over various fashion magazines at my local bookstore…”可知，作者对时尚非常着迷，所以在书店应该是仔细阅读了各类时尚杂志，了解关于时尚的信息，“pored over”应该表示“仔细阅读”。
B
6．What is the impact of the initial beauty ideals set by the fashion industry？(　　)
A．Causing self-denial.
B．Generating individuality.
C．Focusing on true passions.
D．Contributing to self-confidence.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This idea is everywhere…they deny themselves.”可知，时尚界设立的美的标准致使多数女性不满意自己的容貌，从而否定自己。
A
7．What can be inferred about true inclusivity？(　　)
A．It encourages personal effort.
B．It satisfies traditional standards.
C．It focuses on physical appearances.
D．It calls for diversity and cooperation.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“True inclusivity goes beyond…casting directors cooperating.”可知，真正的包容性呼吁多样性和多方合作。
D
8．Which of the following will the author probably agree with？(　　)
A．Customers will change their body shapes.
B．Future teens will redefine fashion standards.
C．Fashion should celebrate everyone's uniqueness.
D．“Bikini body” standards should be strengthened.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“We need more fashion for everyone, no matter their size or where they shop.”和“My hope is for future…celebrating diverse identities.”可知，作者有可能会赞同：时尚界应该崇尚个人的独特性。
C
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分)
Aesthetic (审美)education aims to enhance aesthetic perception, experience aesthetic qualities, stimulate aesthetic creativity, and promote aesthetic judgement.
In order for kids to be able to appreciate natural wonders, shapes and pictures, they must be able to first notice them. This is why the development of the ability to notice the beautiful is the primary task of aesthetic education. 1(____) Kids are incapable of noticing particular shapes if their ability to notice objects and forms is undeveloped. The aesthetic relationship begins with the noticing of aesthetic qualities.
2(____) This means that they generate emotional responses like excitement and joy, enriching individuals' emotional lives and inspiring artistic expression. The ability to experience aesthetically must also be developed. The cognitive (认知的)elements of the processes that we experience during noticing must also include emotional tones with which we form impressions. 3(____) The aim of this task is, with the aid of aesthetic qualities, to enrich the emotional life of children and young people and the development of a sense for aesthetic values.
It is essential to allow children to participate in activities that will develop their creative abilities. 4(____) Instead, it is about creativity in the creation of aesthetic values in everyday life. We are not simply born with creative abilities which have to be developed.
Judging or evaluating aesthetic qualities demands formed evaluation criteria. In order for beauty to reveal its true value, we must be familiar with its particularities. Throughout the process of aesthetic education, various types of knowledge, abilities and evaluation criteria must be applied. 5(____)
A．Aesthetic qualities have to be felt.
B．Beauty can be found all around us.
C．The beautiful will be likely to be created.
D．And it is these that the aesthetic experience is built upon.
E．In some way, this is the ability to perceive aesthetic qualities.
F．This way, the child will develop the foundations for assessing the beautiful.
G．This is not so much about creating aesthetic abilities in the sense of training artists.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了美育如何促进审美感知、体验审美特质、激发美学创造力和提高审美能力。
In order for kids to be able to appreciate natural wonders, shapes and pictures, they must be able to first notice them. This is why the development of the ability to notice the beautiful is the primary task of aesthetic education. 1(____) Kids are incapable of noticing particular shapes if their ability to notice objects and forms is undeveloped. The aesthetic relationship begins with the noticing of aesthetic qualities.
A．Aesthetic qualities have to be felt.
B．Beauty can be found all around us.
C．The beautiful will be likely to be created.
D．And it is these that the aesthetic experience is built upon.
E．In some way, this is the ability to perceive aesthetic qualities.
F．This way, the child will develop the foundations for assessing the beautiful.
G．This is not so much about creating aesthetic abilities in the sense of training artists.
答案分析
B
解析：上文提到培养对美的鉴赏能力是美育的首要任务，下文提到如果孩子注意物体和形状的能力没有得到发展，他们就不能注意到特定的形状。B项“美在我们身边随处可见。”承上启下，符合语境。
2(____) This means that they generate emotional responses like excitement and joy, enriching individuals' emotional lives and inspiring artistic expression. The ability to experience aesthetically must also be developed.
A．Aesthetic qualities have to be felt.
B．Beauty can be found all around us.
C．The beautiful will be likely to be created.
D．And it is these that the aesthetic experience is built upon.
E．In some way, this is the ability to perceive aesthetic qualities.
F．This way, the child will develop the foundations for assessing the beautiful.
G．This is not so much about creating aesthetic abilities in the sense of training artists.
A
解析：根据下文“This means that they…inspiring artistic expression.”可知，A项“必须要体会到审美特质。”的这个要求得到了下文的解释，指出了孩子要能够产生愉快的情感反应，这是审美特质的一种要求。
The cognitive (认知的)elements of the processes that we experience during noticing must also include emotional tones with which we form impressions. 3(____) The aim of this task is, with the aid of aesthetic qualities, to enrich the emotional life of children and young people and the development of a sense for aesthetic values.
A．Aesthetic qualities have to be felt.
B．Beauty can be found all around us.
C．The beautiful will be likely to be created.
D．And it is these that the aesthetic experience is built upon.
E．In some way, this is the ability to perceive aesthetic qualities.
F．This way, the child will develop the foundations for assessing the beautiful.
G．This is not so much about creating aesthetic abilities in the sense of training artists.
D
解析：上文提到我们发现美并体验的过程中所经历的认知因素必须包括一种能形成印象的情感基调。下文提到这项任务的目的是在审美素质的帮助下，丰富儿童和年轻人的情感生活，培养审美价值。D项“审美体验正是建立在这些基础之上的。”承上启下，符合语境。
It is essential to allow children to participate in activities that will develop their creative abilities. 4(____) Instead, it is about creativity in the creation of aesthetic values in everyday life. We are not simply born with creative abilities which have to be developed.
A．Aesthetic qualities have to be felt.
B．Beauty can be found all around us.
C．The beautiful will be likely to be created.
D．And it is these that the aesthetic experience is built upon.
E．In some way, this is the ability to perceive aesthetic qualities.
F．This way, the child will develop the foundations for assessing the beautiful.
G．This is not so much about creating aesthetic abilities in the sense of training artists.
G
解析：上文提到让孩子们参加能发展他们创造能力的活动是很重要的。后一句中的Instead表示转折关系，根据句式可以锁定G项。G项“这并不是说要培养艺术家的审美能力。”承接上文，说明了不是要把孩子的创造能力打造成艺术家的水准，而是要让孩子在日常生活中有发现美的能力，符合语境。
Judging or evaluating aesthetic qualities demands formed evaluation criteria. In order for beauty to reveal its true value, we must be familiar with its particularities. Throughout the process of aesthetic education, various types of knowledge, abilities and evaluation criteria must be applied. 5(____)
A．Aesthetic qualities have to be felt.
B．Beauty can be found all around us.
C．The beautiful will be likely to be created.
D．And it is these that the aesthetic experience is built upon.
E．In some way, this is the ability to perceive aesthetic qualities.
F．This way, the child will develop the foundations for assessing the beautiful.
G．This is not so much about creating aesthetic abilities in the sense of training artists.
F
解析：根据上文“Judging or evaluating…evaluation criteria must be applied.”可知，F项“这样，孩子就会发展出判断美的基础。”承接上文，说明了制定合理的评价标准有利于培养孩子的审美能力，符合语境。

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