资源简介

参考答案
一、单句语法填空
1.launched；marking
2.to go；mentally
3.determined；efforts
4.Desiring；to orbit
5.disappointed；launch
6.argument；carrying
7.to depend；to recycle
8.why；a
9.limited；to attach
10.to find；transmitted
二、选词填空
1.carry on
2.argue with；about
3.Lack of
4.make an effort
5.run out
6.so as to
7.go wrong
8.As a result
9.on board
10.be independent of
三、补全句子翻译
1.to go into space
2.because of；is determined to carry；limited
3.Recycling everyday items；makes a great difference
4.are easy to operate
5.In order to transmit/So as to transmit/ To transmit
卷II 综合部分
四、阅读理解
第一节
A篇
1.A
2.D
3.B
B篇
1.C
2.C
3.A
C篇
1.B
2.A
3.C
4.A
D篇
1.B
2.B
3.A
4.C
七选五
1.A
2.B
3.C
4.F
5.E
五、完形填空
1.D constructed。
2.C homes。
3.A looks like。
4.B transporting。
5.A station。
6.D completion。
7.C amazing。
8.D finished。
9.B larger。
10.D impressive。
11.C sun。
12.A collect。
13.B structure。
14.D Although。
15.B future。
六、语法填空
1.gave
2.fourth
3.is
4.than
5.to search
6.scheduled
7.where
8.effective
9.It
10.consideration
七、写作
【参考范文】
With the increasing population on Earth, human beings have been trying to find another planet in space to live on.
It is reported that liquid water has been found on Mars, which provides necessary conditions for all living things. To some extent, the climate on Mars is quite similar to that on Earth, which makes it possible for humans to live on. Therefore, it is quite probable that humans will live on Mars one day.
As far as I am concerned, I would be willing to live on Mars if I got the chance in the future. Since it is a completely new place, I think it will be magical.高一下B3U4 Space Exploration 单元综合检测卷
卷I基础部分
（本试卷满分150分，考试用时120分）
单句语法填空，每空1分，共20分
阅读下列句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Soviet Union successfully ______ (launch) Sputnik 1, ______ (mark) the beginning of the space age for mankind.
Yang Liwei, the first Chinese astronaut ______ (go) into space, was ______ (mental) prepared for the unknown challenges.
The young engineer was ______ (determine) to become an intelligent scientist, so he made great ______ (effort) to learn rocket technology.
______ (desire) to explore the universe, many countries have sent probes ______ (orbit) Mars independently.
The spacecraft Challenger ______ (disappoint) the whole world when it exploded shortly after ______ (launch).
There is a heated ______ (argue) about whether we should continue ______ (carry) on with the manned Mars mission.
With no friends ______ (depend) on, the independent astronaut learned ______ (recycle) almost everything on board the space station.
The reason ______ the satellite failed to transmit data was ______ lack of sufficient solar power.
The current ______ (limit) resources on Earth require us ______ (attach) great importance to recycling and reuse.
The scientist was disappointed ______ (find) that the signal ______ (transmit) from the deep-space probe was too weak to be analysed.
选词填空，每题1分，共10分
用方框中所给词组的适当形式填空，使句子完整正确，方框中有两个多余词组。
carry on make an effort so as to as a result
lack of attach importance to be determined to on board
run out go wrong argue with…about be independent of
After the oxygen tank exploded, the astronauts still decided to ______ their mission in the space station.
The twins often ______ each other ______ which TV programme to watch.
______ fresh water and food, the crew had to use a new life-support system.
If you want to improve your spoken English, you should ______ to practice every day.
They drove for hours in the desert and realized their fuel was about to ______.
He got up very early ______ catch the first bus to school.
When things ______ on a spacecraft, astronauts must remain calm and try to find solutions.
Tom forgot to charge his phone. ______, his phone died during the important call.
All astronauts ______ the spacecraft must follow regular safety checks and physical training schedules.
After turning 18, he decided to ______ his parents and manage his own finances.
补全句子翻译，每题5分，共25分
根据所给中文提示，补全下列英文句子。
杨利伟是中国第一位进入太空的宇航员，他的勇气鼓舞了无数年轻人。
Yang Liwei is the first Chinese astronaut ___________________, and his courage inspired countless young people.
这主要是因为人类决心继续探索宇宙，尽管面临巨大的风险和有限的资源。
This is _________________the human race ___________________ on exploring the universe, despite the huge risks and ________________resources.
回收利用日常物品，如罐头、瓶子和报纸，对保护我们有限的资源有很大的影响。
___________________, such as cans, bottles and newspapers, ___________________ to protecting our limited resources.
当前的智能设备很容易操作，甚至连老年人也能独立使用它们。
The current intelligent devices ___________________ that even the elderly can use them independently.
为了传递来自火星探测器的信号，科学家们设计了一颗强大的通信卫星。
___________________ signals from the Mars rover, scientists designed a powerful communication satellite.
卷II综合部分
阅读理解（共两节）每题2.5分，共50分
第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。
A
If you’re looking for a unique adventure, the Space and Aviation Center (SAC) is the place to be. The Center offers programs designed to challenge and inspire with hands-on tasks and lots of fun.
More than 750,000 have graduated from SAC, with many seeking employment in engineering, aviation, education, medicine and a wide variety of other professions. They come to camp, wanting to know what it is like to be an astronaut or a pilot, and they leave with real-world applications for what they’re studying in the classroom.
For the trainees, the programs also offer a great way to earn merit badges. At Space Camp, trainees can earn their Space Exploration badge as they build and fire model rockets, learn about space tasks and try simulated flying to space with the crew from all over the world. The Aviation Challenge program gives trainees the chance to earn their Aviation badge. They learn the principles of flight and test their operating skills in the cockpit of a variety of flight simulators. Trainees also get a good start on their Wilderness Survival badge as they learn about water- and land-survival through designed tasks and their search and rescue of a “downed” pilot.
Throughout these programs, teamwork is emphasized as the most important skill. Trainees learn to solve problems and complete tasks in teams, supporting each other during simulated emergencies.
（ ）1. Why do people come to SAC
A. To experience adventures.
B. To look for jobs in aviation.
C. To get a degree in engineering.
D. To learn more about medicine.
（ ）2. To earn a Space Exploration badge, a trainee needs to ______.
A. fly to space
B. get an Aviation badge first
C. study the principles of flight
D. build and fire model rockets
（ ）3. What is the most important for trainees
A. Leadership.
B. Team spirit.
C. Task planning.
D. Survival skills.
B
There is no doubt that space exploration is one of humankind’s greatest achievements. Ever since Yuri Gagarin became the first person to travel into space in 1961, scientists have been pushing the boundaries to discover the unknown. However, this exploration has been largely dominated by men.
That does not mean women have been excluded. Behind the scenes, women worked as seamstresses, stitching vital spacecraft components. A group of black female mathematicians, recently depicted in the movie Hidden Figures, helped NASA launch an American into space.
In 1963, Soviet cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova became the first woman to blast off into space. Yet after that, space programmes were slow to include women. NASA did not accept female astronaut applications until 1978. By then, Moon missions had ended, so Neil Armstrong’s famous step in 1969 remained a “giant step for mankind” – and for a man only.
Now attitudes have changed. Leading NASA engineers say the first person to set foot on Mars should be a woman. The agency aims for a gender-balanced workforce. Allison McIntryre, Chief of the NASA Space Vehicle Mock up Facility, told the BBC: “My director is a woman, my former division chief is a woman. We have female astronauts. We haven’t put a woman on the Moon yet. I think the first person to step on Mars should be a woman.”
A woman landing on Mars would be an incredible achievement. It would inspire a younger female generation by showing what is possible. For them, the idea that other planets are a men only destination would be an alien concept.
（ ）1. What can we learn about women’s roles in space exploration from the passage
A. Women have never been allowed to work in space projects.
B. Women were only involved as astronauts after 1963.
C. Women contributed to space exploration both behind the scenes and in space.
D. The first woman in space was from the United States.
（ ）2. Why does the author mention Neil Armstrong’s step as “for a man only”
A. To show that men are better at space exploration.
B. To explain why NASA refused female astronauts.
C. To emphasize that women had no chance to go to the Moon by then.
D. To prove that the Moon landing was not a real achievement.
（ ）3. What does the underlined word “alien” in the last paragraph most likely mean
A. Strange and unfamiliar.
B. Friendly and helpful.
C. Dangerous and terrible.
D. Exciting and wonderful.
（ ）4. What is the author’s main purpose in writing this passage
A. To argue that men should continue to lead space exploration.
B. To describe the history of space exploration in detail.
C. To show that women have played and will play an important role in space.
D. To encourage young women to become mathematicians.
C
At present, only about ten people are living in space at any given time – seven on the International Space Station and three on China’s Tiangong. However, some famous businessmen believe that in the coming decades the number will increase dramatically, perhaps to a million or so. They even suggest that humans could soon settle on Mars.
To make this dream come true, reusable rockets like Starship and New Glenn have been developed. These are great achievements of physical science. But if a large number of people are to carry on living in space, they need more than just a way to get there. They also need a way to be sustained once they arrive. This means they must have food, water, oxygen, and a way to recycle waste. On the current space stations, these things are not a big problem because there are only ten people. Food and oxygen can be sent from Earth, and waste can be thrown away. However, if humans want to travel farther and stay longer in space, they will need to live as part of a limited ecosystem that can independently provide for their basic needs. After all, the resources on Earth are not unlimited, and sending supplies into space is extremely expensive.
The problem is that our knowledge of such ecosystems lacks behind our progress in rocketry. The current situation is that we can send rockets into space easily, but we cannot create a closed ecosystem that can support humans for a long time. Scientists who study “applied astrobiology” are determined to solve this problem. They dream of using resources on the Moon, Mars, or asteroids to build ecosystems where life can grow and expand. Their desire is to make space a second home for humanity.
For now, the dream of exploring space is strong, but without better biology, a long-term human presence in space will remain impossible. As one scientist put it, “The future of space exploration depends on better biology.”
（ ）1. What can be learned about the ten people currently in space
A. They have to recycle all their waste by themselves.
B. They receive food and oxygen from Earth without great difficulty.
C. They are building a closed ecosystem on the space station.
D. They will soon run out of resources and have to return.
（ ）2. What can we infer from the second paragraph
A. Reusable rockets are less important than ecosystems for long-term space living.
B. The space station already has a perfect ecosystem that works independently.
C. Sending food from Earth will always be the cheapest way to support astronauts.
D. The number of people in space will remain ten for the coming decades.
（ ）3.What is the main idea of the passage
A. Reusable rockets are the key to humans settling on Mars.
B. S pace exploration depends more on biology than on physics.
C. Without better ecosystems, humans cannot live in space for a long time.
D. The International Space Station and Tiangong are both successful examples.
（ ）4. What is the author’s attitude towards the future of long-term space living
A. Hopeful but realistic
B. Doubtful
C. Excited
D. Unconcerned
D
The scale of China's shift to renewable(可再生的) energy is almost beyond comprehension. By the end of last year, the country had installed 887 gigawatts(太瓦时) of solar-power capacity—close to double the combined total of Europe and America. The 22 million tonnes of steel used for new wind turbines and solar panels in 2024 would have been enough to build a Golden Gate Bridge every single working day. China generated 1,826 terawatt-hours of wind and solar electricity in 2024. This combination of massive manufacturing power and a huge need for cheap, domestically produced electricity has made China a new kind of superpower, one that uses clean energy on a global scale.
As a result, China is reshaping the world's energy outlook, its geopolitics, and its ability to fight climate change. The main reason countries have not decarbonized (脱碳) their economies is a lack of effective means. China is addressing this by providing ever-greater amounts of clean-energy capacity to the world at prices cheaper than fossil fuels. China can produce nearly a terawatt of new renewable capacity each year, equal to the output of over 300 large nuclear plants. A virtuous cycle is in motion: huge demand drives more efficient production, leading to cheaper costs, which in turn stimulates even more demand, making it less necessary for the government to provide financial support at first.
Thanks to this capacity, China has exceeded or is on track to exceed most of its climate promises under the Paris Agreement. Its latest commitments，to be discussed at the upcoming the 30th UNFCCC’s COP summit, include more than doubling its renewable capacity and making a quantified cut in emissions by 2035—targets it will likely surpass. Crucially, China is exporting this revolution, particularly to developing nations where the climate battle will be decisive. Its earnings from exporting green technology now surpass America's earnings from fossil fuel exports, a trend sustained by the low cost of renewables.
China's domestic progress—on cheaper renewables, better energy storage, improved grid (电网) infrastructure , and related knowledge—is becoming increasingly relevant and sellable abroad. This system for cutting emissions is powered by self-interest: more global adoption of clean tech reduces China's own climate risks and brings it economic benefits. This combination of economic and benefits between the world's biggest manufacturer and its export markets helps address the longstanding "free-rider" problem in international climate efforts.
Nevertheless, a low-carbon future reliant on China's industrial capacity brings concerns, including its continued use of coal. A more determined shift, supported by grid reforms and carbon pricing, could see renewables replace coal entirely. China can ease worries by transferring more manufacturing and technology to its overseas investments. Unlike fossil fuels, once installed, renewable technologies like solar panels produce power independently. The benefits are great: renewables offer the best hope for limiting global temperature rises and promise cheap, abundant clean energy to improve billions of lives. The world needs what China has to offer.
（ ）1. What is mentioned about the steel used for China's renewables in 2024
A. It exceeded the combined steel consumption of Europe and America.
B. It could build a Golden Gate Bridge daily that year.
C. It was mainly used for solar panel production alone.
D. It has made China a new kind of superpower.
（ ）2. What does the term "virtuous cycle" in paragraph 2 imply about China's renewables
A. Government policies are the primary driving force.
B. Market dynamics are making renewables increasingly competitive.
C. Technological breakthroughs have solved all cost problems.
D. International cooperation is essential for continuous development.
（ ）3. Why is China actively promoting clean energy globally
A. A strategic foresight that aligns national interest with global benefits.
B. The primary motivation is to resolve the "free-rider" problem in climate efforts.
C. The fundamental obligation to fulfill its commitments under the Paris Agreement.
D. A moral responsibility to spearhead the global fight against climate change.
（ ）4. Which of the following is the most suitable title for the passage
A. The Challenges of China's Coal Dependency
B. America's Struggle in the Green Energy Race
C. China's Rising Role in the Global Green Revolution
D. How Solar Panels Are Changing Developing Nations
第二节 七选五
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Junk can be an annoying thing. But dealing with the junk in your room is quite easy — just remove it.
1 ______ NASA is considering using lasers（激光）to move space junk around the Earth.
Scientists suggest that the energy contained in the laser could change the junk’s course by 650 feet (about 198m) a day. While that won’t be enough to knock it out of orbit, it could avoid a collision with a space station or satellite. Where does space junk come from and why should scientists want to move it
2 ______ One is exploded rockets. The largest amount of junk was caused by a rocket sent up into space in 1994. Its explosion in 1996 created a cloud of some 300,000 fragments（碎片）, each at least 4 mm in size. Another source is astronaut error. Suppose an astronaut is doing a repair in space, he or she drops the wrench（扳手）and it’s gone forever.3 ______
Space junk is a huge threat to the lives of astronauts in space shuttles and on the International Space Station. A tiny speck（微粒）of paint from a satellite once dug a hole in a space shuttle window nearly half a centimeter wide.
Scientists are fully aware of this problem. They monitor the paths of space fragments and immediately report any threat of an orbital impact. Some 20,000 pieces of rubbish are currently being monitored in low-Earth orbit.
4 ______
Is there any danger of us on Earth getting hit by space junk Probably not. Scientists say most space objects that re-enter the Earth’s atmosphere burn up or re-enter over water. So relax!5 ______
A. How about the junk in space
B. There are two main sources of space junk.
C. The problem of space junk is very challenging.
D. So far no effective ways have been found to avoid space junk.
E. The chance of getting hit by a falling astronaut’s glove is small.
F. There are millions of smaller pieces of space junk that we can’t see.
G. It spins into orbit, probably at a speed of around 6 miles (1.6km) a second.
五、完形填空，每题1分，共15分
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The International Space Station (ISS) is a huge space station. It is being ___1___ by thousands of people from 16 countries. All these people are trying to find out if humans can one day build ____2____ in space.
Floating 230 miles above Earth, the ISS currently ___3____ a huge building-block project. US space shuttles and Russian rockets have been ___4____ tools and pieces of the station into space to help finish building it. From the beginning of its construction in 1998 to its ___5___, more than 100 major pieces will be put together. When ____6____, it will be the largest structure ever to fly above Earth. The ISS will be larger than a football field and will weigh about one million pounds.
In addition to helping build the space station, ____7___ are trying to answer important questions. How does space travel affect germs Does the human body break down food ____8___ in space Someday, the station may serve as a launchpad for trips to other ____9____ such as Mars.
Because of its ___10___ size, the ISS needs a lot of power. Like other man made bodies in space, its power comes from the ___11___. Large panels are lined with special materials that ___12____ the sun’s energy and change it into electricity.
So what does it cost to build such a ___13____ It costs over $60 billion dollars. ____14_____ this may seem astronomical, it may be a small price to pay for a project that enables scientists to work together, exploring space for the world’s ____15_____.
（ ）1. A. discussed B. used C. driven D. constructed
（ ）2. A. schools B. shops C. homes D. factories
（ ）3. A. looks like B. comes from C. turns into D. belongs to
（ ）4. A. changing B. transporting C. breaking D. dividing
（ ）5. A. design B. progress C. popularity D. completion
（ ）6. A. applied B. closed C. entered D. finished
（ ）7. A. scientists B. professors C. architects D. workers
（ ）8. A. differently B. actively C. instantly D. wholly
（ ）9. A. surfaces B. planets C. locations D. lands
（ ）10. A. limited B. standard C. middle D. impressive
（ ）11. A. wind B. air C. sun D. water
（ ）12. A. collect B. produce C. provide D. consume
（ ）13. A. house B. structure C. mode D. system
（ ）14. A. Since B. If C. When D. Although
（ ）15. A. existence B. future C. peace D. dream
六、语法填空，每题1.5分，共15分
阅读下面短文，在空格内填入一个单词或所给单词的适当形式
China is becoming a force in space exploration and will carry out more deep space exploration missions in the next 10 to 15 years. Wu Weiren, chief designer of China’s lunar exploration program, __1__ (give) an account of the next steps of China’s lunar exploration program in an interview some time ago.
China has planned the ___2__ (four) stage of its lunar exploration program, including Chang’e 6, Chang’e 7, and Chang’e 8. Among them, Chang’e 6 ___3__ (set) to collect more samples from the moon’s far side ___4___ Chang’e 5. Chang’e 7 is going to land on the moon’s South Pole and have a flight over the moon ___5___ (search) for water in the caves there. Chang’e 8, ___6___ (schedule) to be launched around 2028, will form the basis of a scientific research station at the moon’s South Pole with Chang’e 7. Building an international lunar scientific research station by 2035, ___7____ we will realize joint surveys, scientific data sharing and joint management of the station, needs ___8____ (effect) cooperation with other countries, said Wu.
____9____ is reported that China plans to find and bring back samples from Mars. Exploration of the sun and visits to the outer reaches of the solar system are also under ___10____ (consider).
七、写作，15分
假定英语老师要求每位同学用英语作值日报告（duty report）。请你以“火星生活”为话题，发表一个值日报告。内容包括以下要点：
1.人类对火星生活的向往；
2.人类在火星上生存的条件及其必要性；
3.你是否愿意到火星上去生活？为什么？
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

展开更多......

收起↑