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(共149张PPT)
选择性必修第二册　
Unit 4　Living with technology
内容索引
词汇复现 语境串记
多维演练 素养提升
基础默测
高效课堂 考点突破
课时作业
词汇复现 语境串记
返回
熟读话题外刊，速记单元词汇
In today's 1.global (adj. 全球的)society, 2.technology (n. 科技，技术)plays a vital role in shaping our daily lives. However, with the 3.massive (adj. 巨大的)4.breakthroughs (n. 突破)，here come challenges that 5.threaten (v. 威胁)our sense of security and well-being. Online 6.crime (n. 犯罪，罪行)is on the rise, with 7.hackers (n. 黑客)and criminals exploiting this 8.greed (n. 贪婪)for digital engagement. The 9.distribution (n. 分布)of malware and phishing scams has become a 10.practical (adj. 实际的)concern, requiring 11.urgent (adj. 紧急的)attention and 12.recognition (n. 认知)from authorities.
global
technology
massive
breakthroughs
threaten
crime
hackers
greed
distribution
practical
urgent
recognition
The 13.monitoring (v. 监视)of online activities has become a 14.contemporary (adj. 现代的，当代的)solution to this issue. 15.Sensors (n. 探测设备)and advanced algorithms analyse data to detect 16.warning (n. 警告，警示)signs of 17.theft (n. 偷窃，偷盗)or 18.fraud (n. 欺骗). While some may argue that this level of surveillance poses a threat to personal freedom, it is largely 19.justified (v. 证明……正确)as a preventive measure against 20.victimization (n. 牺牲，欺骗). The 21.alternative (n. 可供选择的事物)—a world without digital oversight—could lead to an increase in crime, making the risk too great to ignore.
monitoring
contemporary
Sensors
warning
theft
fraud
justified
victimization
alternative
Despite these challenges, there is an 22.optimistic (adj. 乐观的)outlook for the future of technology. 23.Innovation (n. 创新)continues to 24.engage (v. 吸引住)our imagination and mit (v. 投入)resources to solving these issues.
In summary, while technology offers incredible benefits, it also brings challenges that 26.demand (v. 要求)urgent solutions. Through recognition of the risks and innovative approaches to security, we can enjoy the optimistic future that technology promises.
optimistic
Innovation
engage
commit
demand
高效课堂 　考点突破
返回
1 urge vt. 敦促，催促；大力推荐，竭力主张；驱赶，鞭策 n. 强烈的欲望，冲动
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①They urged that the library (should)be kept (keep)open during the vacation.
②I had an urge to break (break)into my parents' room when I heard them quarrelling.
③(2025·浙江1月卷)If the information you're communicating isn't urgent (urge)，consider sending an email.
A
重难考点
(should)be kept
to break
urgent
④(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. I explained to him the urgency (urge)of catching the bus.
[能力提升]—— 句式升级
⑤(2025·全国二卷)I'm writing to politely urge you to complete the article about Canadian sports soon.
→I'm writing to politely urge that you (should)complete the article about Canadian sports soon．(urge that…)
urgency
urge that you (should)complete the article
about Canadian sports soon
知识归纳
(1)urge sb. to do sth.催促某人做某事
urge that…(should)do… 主张……做……
It is urged that…(should)do…
人们坚决要求/竭力主张……做……
(2)have an urge to do sth. 渴望做某事
(3)urgent adj. 急迫的；紧急的
in urgent need of 迫切需要
(4)urgency n. 迫切；紧急的事
[写作佳句]　It is urged that parents (should)spend less time online but more time accompanying their children. (应用文写作之倡议书)
人们竭力主张家长应该少花点时间上网，多花点时间陪孩子。
2 demand vt. 强烈要求；需要 n. 要求，所需之物；需求，需要
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①The public demanded to be told (tell)the truth about it.
②(2025·浙江1月卷)Therefore, we demand that we (should)choose (choose)appropriate times and places for filming, such as the playground.
[能力提升]—— 微写作
③专家说，和跑步一样，竞走对体力的要求也很高。
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, the expert says.
to be told
(should)choose
physically demanding,
④我要求在山间骑马。为了满足我的需求，我叔叔要求父亲和我顺着这条道走，以防迷路。
I demanded to take a horse ride in the mountains. To meet/satisfy my demand, my uncle demanded that my father and I (should)keep to the track in case we could get lost. (读后续写之细节描写)
demanded to take a horse ride
To meet/satisfy my
demand,
my father and I (should)keep to the
track
知识归纳
(1)demand to do sth. 要求做某事
demand that…(should)do sth.
要求……做某事
(2)be in (great)demand (迫切)需求
meet/satisfy one's demand
满足某人的需求
(3)demanding adj. 要求高的；要求严格的；费力的；苛求的
[写作佳句]　(2025·浙江1月卷)However, obtaining items that are rare, recently published or in high demand may take longer.
然而，获取那些稀有的、新近出版的或需求量很大的物品可能需要更长时间。
3 alternative n. 可供选择的事物 adj. 可供替代的；非传统的
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①Natural gas is another abundant fuel that experts consider as an alternative to gasoline.
②The coal on the earth will be used up, so we have no alternative but to find (find)a new source of energy.
③As to cosmetics, if you don't like domestic brands，you have the alternative of buying foreign ones.
to
to find
of
[能力提升]—— 句式升级
④We cannot choose but take immediate action to stop pollution.
→For us, there is no alternative but to take immediate action to stop pollution. (用alternative改写)
there is no alternative but to
知识归纳
(1)an alternative to… ……的替代品
have no alternative but to do sth.
别无选择只好做某事
have the alternative of doing sth.
有做某事的选择
There is no alternative but to do sth.
别无选择只好做某事。
(2)alternatively adv. 要不，或者
[写作佳句]　The agency will make travel arrangements for you. Alternatively, you can organize your own transport.(应用文写作之告知信)
旅行社将为你安排旅行，或者你也可以自己安排交通工具。
4 decrease vt. & vi. 减少，降低 n. 减少，降低
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①The result shows the import of wheat has decreased by 0.93%．
②We have no idea when the price of housing decreases to the level we can afford.
[能力提升]—— 微写作
③(2024·全国甲卷)在过去的十年中，对环境不利的运输方式大幅减少。
The past decade has witnessed a substantial decrease in the environmentally unfriendly mode of transportation.(发言稿)
by
to
a substantial decrease in
知识归纳
(1)decrease/increase by…减少/增加了……
decrease/increase to…减少到/增加到……
(2)on the decrease/decline 在减少；在衰退
on the increase/rise 在增长
a sharp/marked/slight decrease in…
在……方面急剧/明显/稍微减少
[写作佳句]　The number of wild animals has been on the decrease/decline in the past few years. (应用文写作之倡议书)
野生动物的数量在过去几年里一直在减少。
5 quantity n. 数量；大量
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①There are (be)only a small quantity of flowers left in the garden.
②Large quantities of natural resources will be used (use)up in 100 years or so.
③Large quantities of water have (have)been polluted.
[能力提升]—— 微写作
④如果大量服用的话，这种药物会引起中毒。
This medicine is poisonous if taken in large quantities．

are
will be used
have
if taken in large quantities
⑤共享经济的发展使得共享单车的数量和种类大量增加。
The development of sharing economy has resulted in the number and variety of sharing bikes to increase in quantity. (应用文写作之报道)
in quantity
知识归纳
(1)a large/small quantity of 大量/少量的
large quantities of 大量的；许多的
in quantity/large quantities 大量，大批
(2)quality n. 质量
in quality 在质量上
[名师指津]　①a quantity of或quantities of后既可接可数名词复数也可接不可数名词。
②“a quantity of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词与名词保持数的一致；而“quantities of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
6 bury vt. 埋藏，埋葬；安葬；使陷入；覆盖；遮盖
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①Burying (bury)herself in the film，she didn't know it was snowing outside.
②(2025·全国一卷)I sat alone in my living room, buried in thought about everything that had happened.
③The people who failed to flee were buried(bury)alive, and so was the city.

Burying
in
buried
[能力提升]—— 微写作
④听到这个坏消息，她双手掩面哭了起来。
She buried her face in her hands and wept when hearing the bad news.(读后续写之动作、情感描写)
buried her face in her hands
知识归纳
[名师指津]　表示“专心于；致力于”的短语还有：be absorbed in，be lost in，be devoted to，focus on，concentrate one's attention on等。
bury oneself in 埋头于，专心于
be buried in 专心于
bury one's face in one's hands 双手掩面
be buried alive 被活埋
7 annoy vt. 使恼怒，使生气；打扰，骚扰
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①Much to my annoyance (annoy)，he kept silent about some of the things that happened at school.
②(2023·全国甲卷)You'll soon find that the more patience you practice，the more you start to apply it to other，more annoying (annoy)situations.
③(2021·全国乙卷)Annoyed (annoy)by the level of distraction (干扰)in his open office, he said, “That's why I have a membership at the co-working space across the street—so I can focus.”
annoyance
annoying
Annoyed
[能力提升]—— 一句多译
④他因发现他的儿子卷入了犯罪活动而感到十分恼火。
→To his annoyance，he found his son involved in the crime.(annoyance)
→What annoyed him was that he found his son involved in the crime.(what引导的主语从句)
To his annoyance
What annoyed him was that
知识归纳
(1)annoyed adj. 恼怒的；生气的
be annoyed with sb. 生某人的气
be annoyed at/about sth. 因某事生气
be annoyed that… 对……感到生气
(2)annoying adj. 令人不高兴的；恼人的
(3)annoyance n. [U]恼怒；烦恼；[C]使人烦恼的事
to one's annoyance 使某人生气的是
[写作佳句]　She was so annoyed that she could no longer contain her anger and shouted at her husband. (读后续写之情感、动作描写)
她气得再也控制不住自己的怒火，对着丈夫大喊大叫。
8 break into 强行闯入，撬开；突然开始(笑、哭等)；顺利打入
[基础检测]—— 用break的相关短语填空
①He broke off in the middle of a sentence.
②He said his computer had broken down. That's why he couldn't finish his homework on time.
③In 1929, the world economic crisis broke out first in the United States.
④A thief broke in and stole a lot of things last night.
⑤(2025·全国二卷)I decided to break through the language barrier and share the deeper cultural meaning behind my name.
broke off
had broken down
broke out
broke in
break through
[能力提升]—— 微写作
⑥他们分手后，他整个人都变了，变得沉默寡言，不再像以前那样开朗活泼。
After they broke up, he changed completely, becoming silent and no longer as outgoing as before. (读后续写之人物描写)
broke up,
知识归纳
break into tears/laughter 突然大哭/笑起来
break up 分裂；解体；打碎；结束(关系等)；绝交
break down 出故障；(身体)垮掉；使分解
break off 折断；中断
break out 突然开始；爆发
break through 取得突破；冲破
break away from 逃脱；脱离
break in 强行进入
[写作佳句]　(2021·浙江1月卷)My father carefully cut the pumpkin open，so I finally had my head break away from it.(动作描写)
我父亲小心翼翼地把南瓜切开，我的头终于从南瓜中出来了。
9 句型公式：before引导时间状语从句
(教材原句)It won't be long before virtual museums and interactive three-D exhibitions become common.
用不了多久，虚拟博物馆和交互式三维展览就会变得司空见惯。
[基础检测]—— 补全句子
①It was not long before (不久)he sensed the danger of the position.
②It will be three years before (过三年才)he returns from abroad.
③It was ten years before he paid off all his debts (他才还清所有的债务)．
④How long will it be before (还要过多久才)China sends a manned spaceship to the moon
It was not long before
It will be three years before
before he paid off all his debts
How long will it be before
[能力提升]—— 句式升级
⑤Before long he got used to the fast-paced school life.
→It was not long before he got used to the fast-paced school life. (before引导时间状语从句)
It was not long before he got used to
知识归纳
(1)before引导时间状语从句时，意为“在……之前；……之后才……；(不久)就……；还没来得及就……”。
(2)含before的常用句式：
It won't be long before… 不久就……
It will be＋一段时间＋before… 过……时间才……
It wasn't long before… 没过多久就……
It was…before… 过了多长时间才……
[写作佳句]　(2021·浙江1月卷)It wasn't long before I had my head get out of the pumpkin with my dad's help. (读后续写之情景描写)
在父亲的帮助下，没过多久我的头就从南瓜里出来了。
[查漏补缺]
1．The company carries a variety of binders that can be imprinted with your message or logo.
2．The building project will be financed (finance)by the government and public donation.
3．The number of people whose weight poses a serious threat to their health is greater than before.
4．This kind of plant is widely distributed (distribute)in this area.

B
拾遗考点
of
be financed
to
distributed
5．A survey shows that senior high school students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than those who are not.
6.You'd better stop building castles in the air and get down to some practical work.
7．They operate in all the major European countries and also in Australia, India, Turkey, South Africa, to name but a few.
8．Apparently he had been unfortunate enough to fall victim to a gang of thugs.
9．In short, a good and harmonious environment at home is necessary for a child to grow healthily.
in
in
but
to
In
10．Zoos are at the forefront of conservation and constantly evolving to improve how they care for animals and protect each species in its natural habitat.
at
知识点拨
1.be widely distributed 广泛分布
2．at the forefront of处于最前列，进入重要地位
3．castles in the air空中楼阁，幻想，空想
4．a variety of 多种多样的
5．pose a threat to 对……造成威胁
6.in short 总之
7．be engaged in 参与；从事于；忙于
8．be financed by 由……出资
9．to name but a few略举几例
10．fall victim to受伤，受损，被害
多维演练 　素养提升
返回
维度一　单句语法填空
1．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷改编)Titterman's job on stage was rather demanding (demand)．
2．(2023·北京卷)It has been proved that people have a bias (偏向)towards the present, focusing on loud attractions in the moment at the expense of the health, well-being and financial (finance)stability of their future selves or community.
3．(2024·浙江1月卷)Airplanes seed threatening (threaten)storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.
demanding
financial
threatening
4．These crimes were committed largely by professional criminals who lived by crime． (crime)
5．If this fair distribution (distribute)can last for a year, a good harvest can be expected.
6．To conclude, we'd better discuss the issue in detail before we draw a conclusion (conclude)．
7．Sometimes it takes many years to make a prediction (predict)about a hurricane's behavior with much accuracy.
8．In order to raise some money，ultimately the man broke up the old machine and sold some parts.
crimes
criminals
crime
distribution
conclusion
prediction
up
9．As more people will use drones for photography in the future, some might spy on and take photographs of others without their knowledge.
10．Any history of bombing must also be a history of civilian deaths, for bombing saves the lives of soldiers at the expense of other lives.

on
at
维度二　一词多义和熟词生义
1．pose
(1)Before going into their meeting the six foreign ministers posed for photographs.C
(2)We all know that nuclear weapons pose a threat to human security.A
(3)They pose questions about what were the transitions in human evolution.B
(4)(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Adults are portrayed (描绘)alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure.D
A.v. 造成，产生　B．v. 提问　C．v. 摆姿势　D．n. 姿势
C
A
B
D
2．monitor
(1)The monitor's speech and the remarks of some classmates were all very interesting.E
(2)A scanner can read characters and transfer them to the monitor of a computer.C
(3)Watch the monitor and tell me if the level goes above forty decibels.D
A.v. 监视；跟踪调查　B．v. 监听　C．n. 显示屏　D．n. 监测器　E．n. 班长
E
C
D
(4)(2025·浙江1月卷)While trying to learn more about these birds, I find that there have not been any consistent studies or monitoring of them.A
(5)Peter is in Washington and has been monitoring reports out of Monrovia.B
A.v. 监视；跟踪调查　B．v. 监听　C．n. 显示屏　D．n. 监测器　E．n. 班长
A
B
3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的词性和意思
(1)She gained only minimal recognition for her work.
n. 赞誉，赏识，奖赏
点拨：recognition(熟义)n. 认识，识别。此处意为“赞誉，赏识，奖赏”。
(2)Tourism is a fountain of wealth for the city.n. 丰富来源，源泉
点拨：fountain(熟义)n. 喷泉，喷水池；涌流。此处意为“丰富来源，源泉”。
n. 赞誉，赏识，奖赏
n. 丰富来源，源泉
维度三　写作素养提升
Ⅰ.单元话题写作
假定你是李华，最近需要发表一个关于科技改变生活的英文演讲，请你写一篇相关的演讲稿。
Step 1要点提示(黑体部分请用本单元知识)
①科技以我们从未想象过的方式改变了我们的生活。
Technology has transformed our lives in ways we could never have imagined．
transformed our lives in ways we could never have
imagined
②在智能手机和显示器发明之后，我们现在可以与全球各地的人保持联系，信息触手可及。
After smartphones and monitors are invented, we can now stay connected with people across the globe and access information at our fingertips.
③这场虚拟革命突显了适应和学习的重要性。
This virtual revolution has highlighted the importance of adapting and learning.
smartphones and monitors are invented,
connected with people across the globe
This virtual revolution has highlighted
stay
④记住每个屏幕背后的人性是至关重要的，并确保技术只是作为一种工具来加强人类的联系而不是取代它们。
It's crucial to remember the humanity behind every screen and ensure that technology serves as a tool to enhance, not replace, our human connections.
⑤总之，让我们负责任地利用技术的力量，确保它造福所有人。
In conclusion, let's harness technology's power responsibly and ensure it benefits all.
to remember the humanity behind every screen
In conclusion,
Step 2句式升级
⑥将句②改为with介词短语作伴随状语的句子
With the advent of smartphones and monitors, we can now stay connected with people across the globe and access information at our fingertips.
With the advent of smartphones and monitors, we can now stay connected with people across the globe and access information at our fingertips.
Step 3衔接成文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇)
Ladies and gentlemen，
Technology has transformed our lives in ways we could never have imagined. With the advent of smartphones and monitors, we can now stay connected with people across the globe and access information at our fingertips. This virtual revolution has highlighted the importance of adapting and learning. However, while we embrace these changes, it's crucial to remember the humanity behind every screen and ensure that technology serves as a tool to enhance, not replace, our human connections.
In conclusion, let's harness technology's power responsibly and ensure it benefits all.
Thank you.
Ladies and gentlemen，
Technology has transformed our lives in ways we could never have imagined. With the advent of smartphones and monitors, we can now stay connected with people across the globe and access information at our fingertips. This virtual revolution has highlighted the importance of adapting and learning. However, while we embrace these changes, it's crucial to remember the humanity behind every screen and ensure that technology serves as a tool to enhance, not replace, our human connections.
In conclusion, let's harness technology's power responsibly and ensure it benefits all.
Thank you.
Ⅱ.读后续写微技能
动作细节描写：“肩膀”动作
[语言素材]——输入必备知识
单词 1.shrug v．耸肩
2．straighten v．挺直
3．lift v．抬起
4．tense v．绷紧
5．support v．支撑
6．burden v．负重
词块 1.shrug slightly 微微耸肩
2．straighten one's back 挺直脊背
3．lift one's shoulders 抬起肩膀
4．relax one's shoulders 放松肩膀
5．look over one's shoulder 回头看
6．burdened with responsibility 肩负责任
7．tap/pat sb. on the shoulder 拍某人的肩膀
8．feel a weight lifted off one's shoulders 某人感到如释重负
[跟踪演练]——提升关键能力
任务1　单句表达
1．当被问及是否知道答案时，他微微耸了耸肩表示不确定。(shrug)
When asked if he knew the answer, he shrugged slightly to show his uncertainty．
2．他肩上背着一个沉重的背包。(burden)
He burdened his shoulders with a heavy backpack.
3．感到压力时，她总是不由自主地抬起肩膀。(lift)
When feeling stressed, she unconsciously lifted her shoulders．

shrugged slightly to show his
uncertainty
burdened his shoulders with
lifted her shoulders
4．听到身后的脚步声，他的肩膀立刻绷紧了。(tense)
Hearing footsteps behind him，his shoulders immediately tensed．
5．他回头看了看，结果发现一个年轻人正紧跟着他。
He looked over his shoulder，only to find a young man following him closely.
his shoulders immediately tensed
looked over his shoulder
任务2　语段表达
During the graduation ceremony, Sarah felt nervous as she waited for her turn to receive the diploma. Initially, her shoulders 1.were burdened with responsibility (肩负责任)as the class president who had to give a speech later. As she watched her classmates successfully cross the stage, she began to 2.relax her shoulders (放松肩膀)and feel more confident. When her name was finally called, she 3.straightened her back (挺直脊背)and walked proudly toward the podium. After successfully delivering her speech, she 4.felt a weight lifted off her shoulders (感到如释重负)as the audience applauded warmly. As she returned to her seat, her best friend 5.patted her on the shoulder (拍她的肩膀)to congratulate her on the excellent presentation.
were burdened
with responsibility
relax her shoulders
straightened her back
felt a weight lifted off her shoulders
patted her on the shoulder
基础默测
返回
一、核心单词写得准
1．breakthrough n. 重大进展，突破 adj. 突破性的
2．murder vt. & n. 谋杀，凶杀
3．apparently adv. 显然，可见
4．victim n. 受害者，牺牲品；受骗者；祭品
5．alternative n. 可供选择的事物 adj. 可供替代的；非传统的
6．decrease vt. & vi. 减少，降低 n. 减少，降低
7．deny vt. 否认，否定；拒绝承认，拒绝接受
A
默写达标
breakthrough
murder
apparently
victim
alternative
decrease
deny
8．quantity n. 数量；大量
9．monitor vt. 监视，跟踪调查；监听 n. 显示屏；监测器；班长
10．stadium n. 体育场，运动场
11．bury vt. 埋藏；埋葬，安葬；覆盖；遮盖；使陷入
12．academic adj. 教学的，学术的；学习良好的；纯理论的
13．barrier n. 障碍，阻力；屏障，障碍物；分界线，隔阂
14．expense n. 费用；开销；开支
15．input n. 输入的信息，投入 vt. (input，input)输入(信息)
16．capacity n. 领悟(或理解、办事)能力；容量，容积；职位，职责；生产量
quantity
monitor
stadium
bury
academic
barrier
expense
input
capacity
17．analyse (AmE analyze)vt. 分析
18．massive adj. 巨大的，大而重的；非常严重的
19．domestic adj. 家庭的，家用的；本国的，国内的
20．pose vt. 造成，产生；提问，质询 vi. 摆好姿势 n. 姿势
21．highlight n. 最好(或最精彩)的部分 vt. 突出，强调；使醒目
22．contemporary adj. 当代的，现代的；属同时期的，同一时代的 n. 同代人，同辈人
23．superiority n. 优越感；优越性，优势
24．virtual adj. 虚拟的，模拟的；很接近的，事实上的
25．definition n. 定义；释义，解释
analyse
massive
domestic
pose
highlight
contemporary
superiority
virtual
definition
26．practical adj. 实际的，真实的；切实可行的；有用的；实事求是的
27．clone n. 好像一模一样的人，复制品；克隆动物(或植物)vt. 克隆，以无性繁殖技术复制
28．initial adj. 最初的，开始的 n. 首字母

practical
clone
initial
二、拓展单词通变化
1．recognition n. 识别，认出；承认，认可；赞誉，赏识→recognize vt. 认出，识别；承认
2．distribution n. 分发，分送；分配，分布→distribute vt. 分配；散布；分发
3．illegal adj.不合法的，非法的→legal adj.法律许可的，合法的→legally adv.法律上，合法地
4．justified adj.合乎情理的，事出有因的；有正当理由的→justify vt. 证明……正当；替……辩护

recognition
recognize
distribution
distribute
illegal
legal
legally
justified
justify
5．engage vt. & vi.吸引住(注意力、兴趣)；雇用，聘用；与……建立密切关系→engagement n．婚约；约会→engaged adj. 忙于，从事于；已订婚；使用中的
6．annoy vt. 使恼怒，使生气；打扰，骚扰→annoyed adj. 愤怒的，生气的→annoying adj. 讨厌的，恼人的→annoyance n. 烦恼
7．globe n. 球体，球状物；地球仪；地球，世界→global adj. 全球的；总体的；球形的
8．finance n. 财政，金融；资金；财力，财务管理 vt. 提供资金→financial adj. 财政的；金融的；资金的

engage
engagement
engaged
annoy
annoyed
annoying
annoyance
globe
global
finance
financial
9．commit vt. 犯(罪)；承诺，保证；花(钱或时间)vi. 全心全意投入，忠于→committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的→commitment n. 承诺；保证；奉献
10．predict vt. 预言，预告→prediction n. 预测；预言
11．urge vt. 敦促，催促；大力推荐，竭力主张；驱赶，鞭策 n. 冲动，强烈的欲望→urgent adj. 紧急的；急迫的→urgency n. 紧急；急迫
12．demand vt. 需要；强烈要求 n. 要求，所需之物；需求，需要→demanding adj. (工作)要求高的，费力的；(人)苛求的
13．conclude vt. & vi. 断定，推断出；达成，订立；(使)结束，终止→conclusion n. 结论；推论
commit
committed
commitment
predict
prediction
urge
urgent
urgency
demand
demanding
conclude
conclusion
14．optimistic adj. 乐观的，抱乐观看法的→optimism n. 乐观；乐观主义

optimistic
optimism
三、阅读单词晓词义
1．coin vt. 创造(新词语)
2．autonomous adj. 自主的，有自主权的；自治的
3．database n. 数据库
4．drone n. 无人驾驶飞机
5．fine-tune vt. 对……微调
6．state-of-the-art adj. 使用最先进技术(或方法)的，最先进的
7．gender n. 性别
8．fail-safe adj. 有自动保险装置的，具有自动防止故障性能的
9．capsule n. 小塑料容器；(装药的)胶囊；太空舱

创造(新词语)
自主的，有自主权的；自治的
数据库
无人驾驶飞机
对……微调
使用最先进技术(或方法)的，最先进的
性别
有自动保险装置的，具有自动防止故障性能的
小塑料容器；(装药的)胶囊；太空舱
10．muscular adj. 肌肉的，强壮的
11．headset n. 耳机
12．immersive adj. (计算机系统或图像)沉浸式虚拟现实的
肌肉的，强壮的
耳机
(计算机系统或图像)沉浸式虚拟现实的
四、重点短语明搭配
1．(build)castles in the air 建空中楼阁，幻想，空想
2．fall victim to 受伤，受损，被害
3．spy on 暗中监视，窥探
4．at the forefront of 处于最前列，进入重要地位
5．a host of 许多，大量
6．boil down to 归结为，基本问题是
7．like weeds 大量
8．come true 实现
9．be capable of doing sth. 有能力做某事
10．to name but a few 略举几例
(build)castles in the air
fall victim to
spy on
at the forefront of
a host of
boil down to
like weeds
come true
be capable of doing sth.
to name but a few
五、教材佳句会运用
1．为了实现这个目标，人们提出过许多创造真正的AI的方法，其中包括“深度学习”……(to do 作目的状语)
To achieve this aim, many approaches to creating true AI have been put forward，including “deep learning”...
2．随着我们变得越来越依赖于电脑，一些科学家正敦促我们思考人工智能发展带来的危险。(过去分词短语作后置定语)
As we become more and more dependent on computers, some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI．
To achieve this aim,
posed by the advances
in AI
3．如果我告诉你，医生可以先造出一个虚拟的“孪生病人”来练习精密的手术，然后再在病人身上进行实际操作呢？(what if...)
What if I told you that doctors could create a virtual “twin” in order to practise delicate surgery before attempting it on the patient
4．用不了多久，虚拟博物馆和交互式三维展览就会变得司空见惯。(before 引导的时间状语从句)
It won't be long before virtual museums and interactive three-D exhibitions become common.

What if I told you that
It won't be long before
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．My sister is optimistic (乐观的)about life and her optimism earns her luck and success.
2．Tom's fellows were envious (嫉妒的)of his success and he was the envy of them.
3．(2021·全国乙卷)In around 80 A．D. the Romans built the Colosseum，which remains the world's best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary (当代的)design.
B
基础检测
optimistic
envious
contemporary
4．(2021·北京卷)You must arrange and finance (为……提供资金)your travel to and from the location where you will do your internship.
5．I had always been fascinated with chemistry，biology，and math，but since those interests hadn't fit Tyson's definition (定义，概念)of “cool”，I had never pursued them.
finance
definition
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．They threatened (threat)to cancel the whole project at a stroke.
2．The criminal (crime)was sentenced to death for his serious crime.
3．My boss urges (urgent)me to deal with the most urgent matters every day.
4．This is a demanding job which demands (demand)attention and concentration.
5．He is a greedy (greed)man and always wants everything out of sheer greed.

threatened
criminal
urges
demands
greedy
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．Some drugs taken in large quantities will cause permanent brain damage.
2．Apparently he had been unfortunate enough to fall victim to some robbers.
3．Activities available include walking, hiking and swimming, to name but a few．
to name but a few; break into; in large quantities; fall victim to; at the expense of
in large quantities
fall victim to
to
name but a few
4．When the man was trying to break into the bank, he was caught by the police on the spot.
5．You're so kind as to help others at the expense of losing the good chance to be promoted.
to name but a few; break into; in large quantities; fall victim to; at the expense of
break into
at the expense of
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1．为了研究袋鼠，他去了澳大利亚。(to do 作目的状语)
To make a study of kangaroos, he went to Australia.
2．我认为在会议上提出的这个建议没有意义。(过去分词短语作后置定语)
I think the proposal put forward at the meeting doesn't make sense.
3．如果他又向你说抱歉怎么办呢？你会原谅他吗？(what if...)
What if he says sorry to you again Will you forgive him
To make a study of kangaroos,
put forward at the meeting
What if he says sorry to you again
课时作业
返回
课时作业39
课时作业40
课时作业39
(总分：32.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共17.5分)
A
(2025·广东佛山S6高质量发展联盟联考)
4 Affordable Travel Gifts for Loved Ones with Wanderlust in 2025
If you're searching for gifts for your favorite adventurer that won't break the bank, we've got you covered.
Cozy Neck Pillow
Sleeping well while traveling doesn't have to come at a steep price.In fact, our best-tested travel neck pillow is available for just $40 and is pretty much guaranteed to help your favorite traveler sleep better on long flights.In our testing, we called this neck pillow the “Goldilocks of travel pillows” thanks to its firm support but equal parts softness and portability.
Collapsible Squeeze Water Bottle
This collapsible, space－saving water bottle is a must－have for staying hydrated (含水的)when traveling.In our testing, we found it perfect for travelers because not only does it have a filter that can make just about any water drinkable, but it also collapses so you can easily pack it in your favorite travel backpack when not in use.
Portable Bluetooth Speaker
This portable speaker is the perfect travel companion to bring on your next trip.With an integrated carabiner (竖钩)，its design makes it easy to attach the speaker to your bag or belt loop, so you can continue playing tunes no matter where you go.Not only is the sound quality excellent, but it's also waterproof, making it a great pick for your next beach vacation.
Anti-Theft Laptop Travel Backpack
When you're traveling, having a spacious bag is important, especially if you're not bringing a carry-on.This backpack gives great bang for your buck.After testing it, we are impressed with its durability, comfort and spacious compartments (隔层)．Also, its anti-theft lockable compartment is a great feature that allows you to store important documents like a passport.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了2025年为热爱旅行的人提供的四款经济实惠的旅行礼物，包括舒适颈枕、可折叠挤压水瓶、便携式蓝牙音箱和防盗笔记本电脑旅行背包，并阐述了它们的特点和优势。
1．Why is the neck pillow called “Goldilocks”？(　　)
A．It sells well at a low price.
B．It is suitable for long flights.
C．Its quality is well guaranteed.
D．It has a perfect balance of features.
解析：细节理解题。根据Cozy Neck Pillow部分“In our testing, we called this neck pillow the ‘Goldilocks of travel pillows’ thanks to its firm support but equal parts softness and portability.”可知，颈枕被称为“Goldilocks”是因为它在支撑、柔软度和便携性方面达到了完美的平衡，即它的功能特点完美平衡。故选D。
D
2．What makes the water bottle travel-friendly？(　　)
A．A filter for purifying water.
B．A feature of being waterproof.
C．A lockable structure for easy packing.
D．A new technology for staying hydrated.
解析：细节理解题。根据Collapsible Squeeze Water Bottle部分“In our testing, we found it perfect for travelers…so you can easily pack it in your favorite travel backpack when not in use.”可知，水瓶有净化水的过滤器，这使得它便于旅行使用。故选A。
A
3．What do the speaker and the backpack have in common？(　　)
A．They provide fun for outdoor activities.
B．They offer security for valuable items.
C．They serve as practical gear for travel.
D．They store digital and electronic products.
C
解析：细节理解题。根据Portable Bluetooth Speaker部分“This portable speaker is the perfect travel companion to bring on your next trip.”以及Anti-Theft Laptop Travel Backpack部分“This backpack gives great bang for your buck…Also, its anti-theft lockable compartment is a great feature that allows you to store important documents like a passport.”可知，音箱是旅行的完美伴侣，背包物超所值，由此可推出它们的共同点是它们都是实用的旅行装备。故选C。
B
(2025·河北邢台二模)
“Whatever the mind can conceive (构思)and believe, it can achieve.” Would you agree with the statement that a dream is born from an idea—a simple idea in the mind Back in the 19th century, two brothers had an idea which eventually became their passionate and consuming dream.Their insistent pursuit of that dream was rewarded with an achievement that changed world travel.
On December 17, 1903, the Wright brothers (Wilbur and Orville)achieved their dream.They flew the world's first power-driven and heavier-than-air machine.This memorable feat took place at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina on a cold windy morning.
The dream started with an idea that was planted in their minds by a toy given to them by their father.In the words of the boys, “Late in the autumn of 1878, our father came into the house one evening with some object partly hidden in his hands, and before we could see what it was, he threw it into the air.Instead of falling to the floor, as we expected, it flew across the room till it struck the ceiling, where it flew a while, and finally sank to the floor.” This simple toy made of bamboo and stretched rubber bands fascinated the Wright brothers and sparked their lifelong interest in human flight.
The Wright brothers were great thinkers.They enjoyed learning new things.Initially, they recycled broken parts to build a printing press and opened their own printing office.Their interest moved to bicycles and in 1893, they opened the Wright Cycle Company where they sold and repaired bicycles.But Wilbur (the older brother)had his mind set on something more exciting.He decided to seriously pursue flying.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了莱特兄弟如何从一个简单的想法出发，通过不懈努力和创新，最终实现了人类飞行的梦想，改变了世界旅行的方式。
4．What does the author want to stress in paragraph 1？(　　)
A．Ideas are always achievable.
B．Mind can turn ideas into reality.
C．Only simple ideas can be achieved.
D．Dreams are born from simple ideas.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Would you agree with the statement that a dream is born from an idea—a simple idea in the mind？”可知，作者在第一段想要强调的是梦想源于简单的想法。故选D。
D
5．What did the father do for the Wright brothers？(　　)
A．He planted special seeds for them.
B．He taught them how to employ bamboo.
C．He gave them a special toy.
D．He guided them on career planning.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“The dream started with an idea that was planted in their minds by a toy given to them by their father.”可知，父亲给了莱特兄弟一个特别的玩具，这个玩具在他们的脑海中生根发芽，点燃了他们对人类飞行的终生兴趣。故选C。
C
6．Which of the following can best describe the Wright brothers？(　　)
A．Innovative and curious. B．Thoughtful and sociable.
C．Adaptable and extraordinary. D．Influential and sensitive.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“The Wright brothers were great thinkers…He decided to seriously pursue flying.”可知，莱特兄弟喜欢学习新事物，回收损坏的零件来建造印刷机，并开了自己的印刷公司，后来又开了自行车公司，最后决定认真追求飞行，说明他们有创新精神，好奇心强。故选A。
A
7．What can we know about the Wright brothers？(　　)
A．They avoided taking a risk.
B．Their printing business failed.
C．They liked exploring new ideas.
D．Their firms were distributed worldwide.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“The Wright brothers were great thinkers.They enjoyed learning new things.”可知，莱特兄弟喜欢探索新想法。故选C。
C
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分)
(2025·江西新余模拟预测)
In Old Delhi, India, Yash Mehta ran his fingers over the braille book in a school for the blind, his heart heavy.“Why don't you use electronic braille readers？” he asked a student.“Too __1__，” came the reply, a reply that stayed with him like a __2__.
Back home in North Carolina, the 14-year-old __3__ toy motors late at night, with the internal orange circuit (电路)boards exposed, shining like tiny lights.“What if vibrations (震动)could feel like braille dots？” he whispered to his confused cat.For weeks, __4__ models filled his desk.
“__5__ yet？” his sister joked when a motor produced small flashes of fire.Yash shook his head, remembering the Delhi students' __6__ eyes.He rebuilt the device using 3D printing, hands shaking as he conducted the final __7__ and inspection.
At the New Delhi Blind Relief Association, his shirt got wet from sweat.A girl named Priya tried the vibrating device.“__8__！” she cried, reading most words __9__.Yash's eyes watered—not because of __10__， but because of Priya's bright smile.
His __11__ later won national awards, but Yash __12__ noticed the victory.“Add text-scanning next，” he wrote in his notebook, dreaming of turning printed books into braille.
When asked to give some advice to __13__ lovers, Yash says, “Try to find something that you think could be done at your skill __14__ even if you have to grow a little bit more in knowledge.Also, ask people in your community what problems they need to solve.I think that's the most __15__ part—getting first-hand feedback.”
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Yash发明震动盲文阅读装置并获奖的故事。
“Why don't you use electronic braille readers？” he asked a student.“Too __1__，” came the reply, a reply that stayed with him like a __2__.
1．(　　)A.diverse B．innovative
C．flexible D．costly
解析：句意：“太贵了，”对方回答道，这个回答像影子一样一直伴随着他。A.diverse多样的；B.innovative创新的；C.flexible灵活的；D.costly昂贵的。根据上文“Why don't you use electronic braille readers？”以及常识可知，学生不使用电子盲文阅读器是因为其价格，即电子盲文阅读器太贵了。故选D。
答案分析
D
“Why don't you use electronic braille readers？” he asked a student.“Too __1__，” came the reply, a reply that stayed with him like a __2__.
2．(　　)A.trend B．concept
C．shadow D．phenomenon
解析：句意同上。A.trend趋势；B.concept概念；C.shadow影子；D.phenomenon现象。根据上文“a reply that stayed with him”可知，此处使用“像影子一样”来形容这个回答一直萦绕在他心头，突出其印象深刻。故选C。
C
Back home in North Carolina, the 14-year-old __3__ toy motors late at night, with the internal orange circuit (电路)boards exposed, shining like tiny lights.
3．(　　)A.depended on B．took apart
C．took advantage of D．kept up with
解析：句意：回到北卡罗来纳州的家中，这个14岁的孩子在深夜拆开玩具马达，内部橙色的电路板露出来，像小灯一样发光。A.depended on依赖；B.took apart拆开；C.took advantage of利用；D.kept up with跟上。根据下文“with the internal orange circuit (电路)boards exposed, shining like tiny lights”可知，他把玩具马达拆开了，才看到了内部电路板。故选B。
B
“What if vibrations (震动)could feel like braille dots？” he whispered to his confused cat.For weeks, __4__ models filled his desk.
4．(　　)A.broken B．reliable
C．adaptable D．abandoned
解析：句意：几个星期以来，坏掉的模型摆满了他的桌子。A.broken坏掉的；B.reliable可靠的；C.adaptable能适应的；D.abandoned被遗弃的。根据上文“the 14－year－old __3__ toy motors late at night, with the internal orange circuit (电路)boards exposed, shining like tiny lights”以及下文“his sister joked when a motor produced small flashes of fire”可知，他拆开了玩具马达，并且在制作过程中经历了失败，所以桌子上是坏掉的模型。故选A。
A
“__5__ yet？” his sister joked when a motor produced small flashes of fire.
5．(　　)A.Quit B．Stand
C．Support D．Explode
解析：句意：“要放弃了吗？”当一个马达产生小火花时他姐姐开玩笑地问道。A.Quit放弃；B.Stand站立；C.Support支持；D.Explode爆炸。根据下文“his sister joked when a motor produced small flashes of fire.Yash shook his head, remembering the Delhi students' __6__ eyes”可知，此处表示当姐姐看到他又一次失败时，开玩笑地问他是不是要放弃。故选A。
A
Yash shook his head, remembering the Delhi students' __6__ eyes.He rebuilt the device using 3D printing, hands shaking as he conducted the final __7__ and inspection.
6．(　　)A.enhanced B．desired
C．involved D．confirmed
解析：句意：Yash摇了摇头，想起了德里的学生们渴望的眼神。A.enhanced增强的；B.desired渴望的；C.involved参与的；D.confirmed确认的。根据上文“‘Why don't you use electronic braille readers？’ he asked a student.‘Too __1__，’ came the reply”可知，在德里，学生们因为价格昂贵而不能使用电子盲文阅读器，由此推测此处表示学生们渴望电子阅读器的眼神，这激励着他不放弃。故选B。
B
Yash shook his head, remembering the Delhi students' __6__ eyes.He rebuilt the device using 3D printing, hands shaking as he conducted the final __7__ and inspection.
7．(　　)A.figure B．strategy
C．test D．advice
解析：句意：他用3D打印技术重建了这个装置，在进行最后的测试和检查时，他的双手在颤抖。A.figure数字；B.strategy策略；C.test测试；D.advice建议。根据常识可知，在完成装置制作后，要进行最后的测试和检查。故选C。
C
“__8__！” she cried, reading most words __9__.Yash's eyes watered—not because of __10__， but because of Priya's bright smile.
8．(　　)A.Terrifying B．Confusing
C．Moving D．Amazing
解析：句意：“太神奇了！”她喊道，大部分单词都读对了。A.Terrifying可怕的；B.Confusing令人困惑的；C.Moving感人的；D.Amazing令人惊奇的。根据下文“but because of Priya's bright smile”可知，女孩拥有了灿烂的微笑，由此可推知，女孩喊的是这个装置很令人惊奇。故选D。
D
“__8__！” she cried, reading most words __9__.Yash's eyes watered—not because of __10__， but because of Priya's bright smile.
9．(　　)A.specifically B．correctly
C．seriously D．completely
解析：句意同上。A.specifically特定地；B.correctly正确地；C.seriously严肃地；D.completely完全地。根据下文“Yash's eyes watered”可知，大部分单词都读得正确，所以Yash会感觉激动，眼睛湿润了。故选B。
B
“__8__！” she cried, reading most words __9__.Yash's eyes watered—not because of __10__， but because of Priya's bright smile.
10．(　　)A.expectation B．heart
C．tiredness D．foundation
解析：句意：Yash的眼睛湿润了——不是因为疲惫，而是因为Priya灿烂的笑容。A.expectation期望；B.heart心脏；C.tiredness疲惫；D.foundation基础。根据上文“For weeks, __4__ models filled his desk.”以及“At the New Delhi Blind Relief Association, his shirt got wet from sweat.”可知，Yash的眼睛湿润不是因为做这个装置过程中的疲惫，而是被女孩的笑容打动。故选C。
C
His __11__ later won national awards, but Yash __12__ noticed the victory.“Add text－scanning next，” he wrote in his notebook, dreaming of turning printed books into braille.
11．(　　)A.reward B．distribution
C．representation D．invention
解析：句意：他的发明后来赢得了国家奖项，但是Yash几乎没注意到这个胜利。A.reward奖励；B.distribution分配；C.representation表现；D.invention发明。根据上文“He rebuilt the device using 3D printing, hands shaking as he conducted the final __7__ and inspection.”以及语境可知，此处表示Yash发明的震动装置。故选D。
D
His __11__ later won national awards, but Yash __12__ noticed the victory.“Add text－scanning next，” he wrote in his notebook, dreaming of turning printed books into braille.
12．(　　)A.barely B．incredibly
C．potentially D．apparently
解析：句意同上。A.barely几乎不；B.incredibly难以置信地；C.potentially潜在地；D.apparently显然地。根据下文“‘Add text－scanning next，’ he wrote in his notebook, dreaming of turning printed books into braille.”可知，Yash想要继续改进装置，几乎没注意到获奖这件事。故选A。
A
When asked to give some advice to __13__ lovers, Yash says, “Try to find something that you think could be done at your skill __14__ even if you have to grow a little bit more in knowledge.Also, ask people in your community what problems they need to solve.I think that's the most __15__ part—getting first－hand feedback.”
13．(　　)A.commitment B．nature
C．study D．science
解析：句意：当被要求给科学爱好者一些建议时，Yash说：“试着找到一些你认为在你的技能水平上可以完成的事情，即使你还需要多积累一些知识。”A.commitment承诺；B.nature自然；C.study学习；D.science科学。根据语境可知，Yash进行了发明创造，所以此处表示给科学爱好者提建议。故选D。
D
When asked to give some advice to __13__ lovers, Yash says, “Try to find something that you think could be done at your skill __14__ even if you have to grow a little bit more in knowledge.Also, ask people in your community what problems they need to solve.I think that's the most __15__ part—getting first－hand feedback.”
14．(　　)A.variety B．level
C．choice D．category
解析：句意同上。A.variety种类；B.level水平；C.choice选择；D.category类别。根据语境可知，此处表示找到在自己技能水平上能做的事，skill level表示“技能水平”。故选B。
B
When asked to give some advice to __13__ lovers, Yash says, “Try to find something that you think could be done at your skill __14__ even if you have to grow a little bit more in knowledge.Also, ask people in your community what problems they need to solve.I think that's the most __15__ part—getting first－hand feedback.”
15．(　　)A.grateful B．unique
C．significant D．complex
解析：句意：我认为那是最重要的一部分——获得第一手反馈。A.grateful感激的；B.unique独特的；C.significant重要的；D.complex复杂的。根据上文“Also, ask people in your community what problems they need to solve.”以及语境可知，Yash认为获得第一手反馈是最重要的部分。故选C。
C
课时作业40
(总分：35分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分)
A
(2025·湖北黄冈三模)
Sometimes astronauts get into a sticky situation up in space.When something needs repairing, it often turns out that duct tape is a preferred fix-it-all.Since tearing the tape with one hand while floating is no easy task, high school students just came up with a brilliant solution.They invented a duct tape dispenser (强力胶带分割器)that is out of this world!
Students belonging to HUNCH (High school students United with NASA to Create Hardware)have just made life a lot easier for astronauts.In the 18 years since the program operated, students have been busy designing and building equipment that is then used on the International Space Station (ISS)．And now, students from five states combined their efforts to come up with a solution to the duct tape dilemma.
Duct tape, called “grey tape”， along with Kapton high temperature tape, is a necessary tool for astronauts.Over the years, these tapes have come in handy in times of emergency.
As early as 1970, it was used on the Apollo 13 mission.Using duct tape, astronauts took a flight manual cover, a plastic bag, and a sock to repair a power-providing solar equipment that was torn.And in 1972, the crew on Apollo 17 sealed a map onto a damaged fender of the lunar rover (月球车挡板)，which was affixed by duct tape.
Yet the sticky issue of duct tape is that astronauts do not have two hands to tear it.The only way to tear it is with one's teeth or with scissors.
The students designed a tape dispenser that locks into place on the guard rail.The tape dispenser provides a clean cut and can be used easily with one hand, and several rolls of tape can be placed on it at one time.
It is already being used aboard the ISS.Colonel Mike Hopkins provided a glowing review aboard the spacecraft and showed the dispenser in action.“I think this tape dispenser is going to find a lot of use here on the International Space Station，” Hopkins said.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了高中生为宇航员发明的强力胶带分割器及其相关背景。
1．What is the duct tape dilemma for astronauts？(　　)
A．Tearing the tape.
B．Recognizing the tape.
C．Making the tape in space.
D．Keeping the tape floating.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Since tearing the tape with one hand while floating is no easy task”以及第五段“Yet the sticky issue of duct tape is that astronauts do not have two hands to tear it.”可知，宇航员面临的强力胶带难题是撕开胶带。故选A。
A
2．What message does paragraph 4 mainly convey？(　　)
A．Fixing equipment proves demanding.
B．Astronauts have hard access to tape.
C．Space travel is challenging and tiring.
D．Duct tape is important for astronauts.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“As early as 1970, it was used on the Apollo 13 mission… the crew on Apollo 17 sealed a map onto a damaged fender of the lunar rover (月球车挡板)，which was affixed by duct tape.”可知，本段主要讲了强力胶带在太空任务中的多次重要应用，表明强力胶带对宇航员很重要。故选D。
D
3．Why is Colonel Mike Hopkins mentioned？(　　)
A．To praise the students' invention.
B．To doubt reviews from the public.
C．To explain how to use the dispenser.
D．To show the dispenser's characteristic.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Colonel Mike Hopkins provided a glowing review aboard the spacecraft and showed the dispenser in action.‘I think this tape dispenser is going to find a lot of use here on the International Space Station，’ Hopkins said.”可知，提到Mike Hopkins上校是为了赞扬学生们的发明。故选A。
A
4．From which section of a newspaper is the text most probably taken？(　　)
A．Travel. B．Medicine.
C．Technology. D．Environment.
解析：推理判断题。文章主要讲述了高中生为解决宇航员在太空撕强力胶带的难题，发明了强力胶带分割器，这属于科技创新方面的内容，所以文章最可能来自报纸的科技版块。故选C。
C
B
(2026·湖北武汉开学考试)
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs)are digital systems that allow direct communication between a brain and an external device.This requires technology capable of either accurately reading and interpreting neural (神经的)signals in a way that preserves human meaning or stimulating appropriate neural pathways to reliably and consistently transmit information.
Nearly all current BCI systems are based on one-way information flow between the brain and the device, while other biological systems may be used as feedback.A person using a BCI to type on a computer transmits information to the computer through a direct neural connection, but then uses their eyes to read the output on the screen as feedback to adjust their typing.
Two-way brain-computer communication systems must have the ability to both read neural signals and stimulate the brain.So this may require multiple devices to work at the same time.Regardless of whether information exchange is one-way or two-way, a real-time network must be established to allow dynamic machine-brain interaction.
BCI devices have been used to directly enhance cognitive (认知的)capabilities and improve communication methods in ways that facilitate learning for individuals suffering from various medical conditions.For patients with severe physical disabilities, BCI devices that facilitate communication can improve functionality in many areas of life, including learning.They allow patients to control the movement of a computer cursor (光标)using thoughts.Current technology is limited in the speed with which users can type messages, but new devices currently being developed in the private industry may allow users to communicate up to 100 words per minute by directly translating imagined thoughts to text.These devices could change learning strategies for all individuals, not just those suffering from disabilities.
The application of BCI technology for education is already being explored, such as systems that are responsive to the emotional states of students.And BCI-based educational games have been used to reduce math anxiety.Although progress has been made, major limitations and challenges remain.Current BCI educational systems are only proof-of-concepts and have not demonstrated enough effectiveness, due to technological and educational factors.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了脑机接口(BCI)的技术原理、应用案例及当前局限性，强调其在改善学习方式和辅助残障人士方面的潜力。
5．What can we know about BCIs？(　　)
A.Reading neural signals requires no human meaning.
B.External devices are essential in indirect communication.
C.Stimulating nerves completes information transmission.
D.Brain－device communication can be done through BCIs.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs)are digital systems that allow direct communication between a brain and an external device.”可知，脑机接口可以实现大脑与设备之间的通信。故选D。
D
6．Why does the author mention a person using a BCI in paragraph 2？(　　)
A.To illustrate the function of current BCI systems.
B．To show the purpose of biological systems.
C．To give an example of information flow.
D．To track the process of communication.
A
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“A person using a BCI to type on a computer transmits information to the computer through a direct neural connection, but then uses their eyes to read the output on the screen as feedback to adjust their typing.”可知，作者通过具体使用者的案例说明当前的BCI系统如何帮助使用者实现信息交换，即展现该系统的功能。故选A。
7．Which is required in achieving two-way brain-computer communication systems？(　　)
A．Integrated ability.
B．A real-time network.
C．Dynamic interaction.
D．Brain-device cooperation.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Regardless of whether information exchange is one-way or two-way, a real-time network must be established to allow dynamic machine-brain interaction.”可知，实现双向脑机通信需要建立实时网络。故选B。
B
8．What is the last paragraph mainly about？(　　)
A．The future of BCI systems.
B．The benefits of using BCI devices.
C．The application of BCI technology.
D．The situation of BCI educational systems.
解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段“The application of BCI technology for education is already being explored…Although progress has been made, major limitations and challenges remain.”可知，本段主要聚焦BCI在教育领域的应用，包括其应用案例和存在的局限性。故选D。
D
Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
(2025·山东青岛模拟预测)
China's rapid advancement in smart technologies has caught global attention, with many sharing their experiences online.A notable example is the Hutchinsons, a British family with nearly 200，000 followers, who, after their first drone (无人机)delivery in Shenzhen, 1________ (remark)，“China is already in 2030！” Their post became the most popular, reaching 2________ impressive 7.8 million views.
Technological innovations, such as robot food delivery 3________ hotel rooms, have also gained widespread attention.Travel blogger Allison Paige shared her experience, highlighting how 4________ (convenience)and enjoyable this service was.Her video contributed to the viral label “China Hotel”， 5________ has since drawn the interest of international viewers.
This growing trend is part of China's initiative to build smart cities, 6________ (integrate)intelligent vehicles, smart roads, and real-time cloud technologies.These advancements are making it possible for tourists 7________ (enjoy)cutting-edge services.For instance, 8________ (passenger)at Beijing Daxing International Airport recently had the opportunity to ride in robotaxis.Though these taxis 9________ (monitor)by safety drivers for security, it marks a significant step in the development of self-driving technology in China.
China's push for smart city development is backed by a national guideline, aiming for substantial progress by 2027.By then, China plans to have established smart cities that are more livable, adaptable, and 10________ (digital)advanced.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国在智能技术和智能城市建设方面的快速发展，展示了无人机送货、机器人送餐等创新技术。
A notable example is the Hutchinsons, a British family with nearly 200,000 followers, who, after their first drone (无人机)delivery in Shenzhen, 1________ (remark)，“China is already in 2030！” Their post became the most popular, reaching 2________ impressive 7.8 million views.
1．remarked
解析：考查时态和语态。句意：一个值得注意的例子是哈钦森一家，这是一个拥有近20万粉丝的英国家庭，他们在深圳首次无人机送货后评论道：“中国已经到了2030年！” 此处为定语从句中的谓语动词，根据时间状语after their first drone (无人机)delivery和上下文可知，此处描述过去事件，应用一般过去时。故填remarked。
答案分析
remarked
A notable example is the Hutchinsons, a British family with nearly 200,000 followers, who, after their first drone (无人机)delivery in Shenzhen, 1________ (remark)，“China is already in 2030！” Their post became the most popular, reaching 2________ impressive 7.8 million views.
2．an
解析：考查冠词。句意：他们的帖子成为最受欢迎的帖子，浏览量达到了令人印象深刻的780万次。此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词。impressive发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
an
Technological innovations, such as robot food delivery 3________ hotel rooms, have also gained widespread attention.
3．to
解析：考查介词。句意：技术创新，如机器人将食物送到酒店房间，也受到了广泛关注。delivery to是固定搭配，表示“送至，送达”，表示动作的目标或方向。故填to。
to
Travel blogger Allison Paige shared her experience, highlighting how 4________ (convenience)and enjoyable this service was.
4．convenient
解析：考查词性转换。句意：旅游博主Allison Paige分享了她的经历，强调了这项服务是多么方便和愉快。分析句子可知，空处应用形容词。故填convenient。
convenient
Her video contributed to the viral label “China Hotel”， 5________ has since drawn the interest of international viewers.
5．which
解析：考查定语从句。句意：她的视频为快速传播品牌“中国酒店”做出了贡献，此后引起了国际观众的兴趣。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰the viral label “China Hotel”，作主语，使用which引导。故填which。
which
This growing trend is part of China's initiative to build smart cities, 6________ (integrate)intelligent vehicles, smart roads, and real－time cloud technologies.
6．integrating
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这一增长趋势是中国建设智慧城市倡议的一部分，该倡议整合了智能汽车、智能道路和实时云技术。分析句子可知，空处作后置定语修饰initiative，两者之间是逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词。故填integrating。
integrating
These advancements are making it possible for tourists 7________ (enjoy)cutting-edge services.
7．to enjoy
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这些进步使游客能够享受尖端的服务。make后接复合宾语，it为形式宾语，不定式作真正宾语。故填to enjoy。
to enjoy
For instance, 8________ (passenger)at Beijing Daxing International Airport recently had the opportunity to ride in robotaxis.
8．passengers
解析：考查名词复数。句意：例如，北京大兴国际机场的乘客最近有机会乘坐自动驾驶出租车。空处在句中作主语，passenger是可数名词，其前无限定词修饰，应用复数。故填passengers。
passengers
Though these taxis 9________ (monitor)by safety drivers for security, it marks a significant step in the development of self－driving technology in China.
9．are monitored
解析：考查时态和语态。句意：尽管这些出租车受到安全驾驶员的监控，但这标志着中国自动驾驶技术的发展迈出了重要一步。空处在句中作谓语，描述当前情况，动词和主语之间是被动关系，因此应使用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are monitored。
are monitored
China's push for smart city development is backed by a national guideline, aiming for substantial progress by 2027.By then, China plans to have established smart cities that are more livable, adaptable, and 10________ (digital)advanced.
10．digitally
解析：考查副词。句意：到那时，中国计划建成更宜居、适应性更强、数字化程度更高的智慧城市。修饰形容词advanced用副词。故填digitally。

digitally选择性必修第二册　Unit 4　Living with technology
熟读话题外刊，速记单元词汇
In today's 1.global (adj. 全球的)society, 2.technology (n. 科技，技术)plays a vital role in shaping our daily lives. However, with the 3.massive (adj. 巨大的)4.breakthroughs (n. 突破)，here come challenges that 5.threaten (v. 威胁)our sense of security and well-being. Online 6.crime (n. 犯罪，罪行)is on the rise, with 7.hackers (n. 黑客)and criminals exploiting this 8.greed (n. 贪婪)for digital engagement. The 9.distribution (n. 分布)of malware and phishing scams has become a 10.practical (adj. 实际的)concern, requiring 11.urgent (adj. 紧急的)attention and 12.recognition (n. 认知)from authorities.
The 13.monitoring (v. 监视)of online activities has become a 14.contemporary (adj. 现代的，当代的)solution to this issue. 15.Sensors (n. 探测设备)and advanced algorithms analyse data to detect 16.warning (n. 警告，警示)signs of 17.theft (n. 偷窃，偷盗)or 18.fraud (n. 欺骗). While some may argue that this level of surveillance poses a threat to personal freedom, it is largely 19.justified (v. 证明……正确)as a preventive measure against 20.victimization (n. 牺牲，欺骗). The 21.alternative (n. 可供选择的事物)—a world without digital oversight—could lead to an increase in crime, making the risk too great to ignore.
Despite these challenges, there is an 22.optimistic (adj. 乐观的)outlook for the future of technology. 23.Innovation (n. 创新)continues to 24.engage (v. 吸引住)our imagination and mit (v. 投入)resources to solving these issues.
In summary, while technology offers incredible benefits, it also brings challenges that 26.demand (v. 要求)urgent solutions. Through recognition of the risks and innovative approaches to security, we can enjoy the optimistic future that technology promises.
1 urge vt. 敦促，催促；大力推荐，竭力主张；驱赶，鞭策 n. 强烈的欲望，冲动
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①They urged that the library (should)be kept (keep)open during the vacation.
②I had an urge to break (break)into my parents' room when I heard them quarrelling.
③(2025·浙江1月卷)If the information you're communicating isn't urgent (urge)，consider sending an email.
④(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. I explained to him the urgency (urge)of catching the bus.
[能力提升]—— 句式升级
⑤(2025·全国二卷)I'm writing to politely urge you to complete the article about Canadian sports soon.
→I'm writing to politely urge that you (should)complete the article about Canadian sports soon．(urge that…)
(1)urge sb. to do sth.催促某人做某事 urge that…(should)do… 主张……做…… It is urged that…(should)do… 人们坚决要求/竭力主张……做…… (2)have an urge to do sth. 渴望做某事 (3)urgent adj. 急迫的；紧急的 in urgent need of 迫切需要 (4)urgency n. 迫切；紧急的事
[写作佳句]　It is urged that parents (should)spend less time online but more time accompanying their children. (应用文写作之倡议书)
人们竭力主张家长应该少花点时间上网，多花点时间陪孩子。
2 demand vt. 强烈要求；需要 n. 要求，所需之物；需求，需要
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①The public demanded to be told (tell)the truth about it.
②(2025·浙江1月卷)Therefore, we demand that we (should)choose (choose)appropriate times and places for filming, such as the playground.
[能力提升]—— 微写作
③专家说，和跑步一样，竞走对体力的要求也很高。
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, the expert says.
④我要求在山间骑马。为了满足我的需求，我叔叔要求父亲和我顺着这条道走，以防迷路。
I demanded to take a horse ride in the mountains. To meet/satisfy my demand, my uncle demanded that my father and I (should)keep to the track in case we could get lost. (读后续写之细节描写)
(1)demand to do sth. 要求做某事 demand that…(should)do sth. 要求……做某事 (2)be in (great)demand (迫切)需求 meet/satisfy one's demand 满足某人的需求 (3)demanding adj. 要求高的；要求严格的；费力的；苛求的
[写作佳句]　(2025·浙江1月卷)However, obtaining items that are rare, recently published or in high demand may take longer.
然而，获取那些稀有的、新近出版的或需求量很大的物品可能需要更长时间。
3 alternative n. 可供选择的事物 adj. 可供替代的；非传统的
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①Natural gas is another abundant fuel that experts consider as an alternative to gasoline.
②The coal on the earth will be used up, so we have no alternative but to find (find)a new source of energy.
③As to cosmetics, if you don't like domestic brands，you have the alternative of buying foreign ones.
[能力提升]—— 句式升级
④We cannot choose but take immediate action to stop pollution.
→For us, there is no alternative but to take immediate action to stop pollution. (用alternative改写)
(1)an alternative to… ……的替代品 have no alternative but to do sth. 别无选择只好做某事 have the alternative of doing sth. 有做某事的选择 There is no alternative but to do sth. 别无选择只好做某事。 (2)alternatively adv. 要不，或者
[写作佳句]　The agency will make travel arrangements for you. Alternatively, you can organize your own transport.(应用文写作之告知信)
旅行社将为你安排旅行，或者你也可以自己安排交通工具。
4 decrease vt. & vi. 减少，降低 n. 减少，降低
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①The result shows the import of wheat has decreased by 0.93%．
②We have no idea when the price of housing decreases to the level we can afford.
[能力提升]—— 微写作
③(2024·全国甲卷)在过去的十年中，对环境不利的运输方式大幅减少。,
(1)decrease/increase by… 减少/增加了…… decrease/increase to… 减少到/增加到…… (2)on the decrease/decline 在减少；在衰退 on the increase/rise 在增长 a sharp/marked/slight decrease in… 在……方面急剧/明显/稍微减少
The past decade has witnessed a substantial decrease in the environmentally unfriendly mode of transportation.(发言稿)
[写作佳句]　The number of wild animals has been on the decrease/decline in the past few years. (应用文写作之倡议书)
野生动物的数量在过去几年里一直在减少。
5 quantity n. 数量；大量
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①There are (be)only a small quantity of flowers left in the garden.
②Large quantities of natural resources will be used (use)up in 100 years or so.
③Large quantities of water have (have)been polluted.
[能力提升]—— 微写作
④如果大量服用的话，这种药物会引起中毒。
This medicine is poisonous if taken in large quantities．
⑤共享经济的发展使得共享单车的数量和种类大量增加。
The development of sharing economy has resulted in the number and variety of sharing bikes to increase in quantity. (应用文写作之报道)
(1)a large/small quantity of 大量/少量的 large quantities of 大量的；许多的 in quantity/large quantities 大量，大批 (2)quality n. 质量 in quality 在质量上
[名师指津]　①a quantity of或quantities of后既可接可数名词复数也可接不可数名词。
②“a quantity of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词与名词保持数的一致；而“quantities of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
6 bury vt. 埋藏，埋葬；安葬；使陷入；覆盖；遮盖
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①Burying (bury)herself in the film，she didn't know it was snowing outside.
②(2025·全国一卷)I sat alone in my living room, buried in thought about everything that had happened.
③The people who failed to flee were buried(bury)alive, and so was the city.
[能力提升]—— 微写作
④听到这个坏消息，她双手掩面哭了起来。
She buried her face in her hands and wept when hearing the bad news.(读后续写之动作、情感描写)
bury oneself in 埋头于，专心于 be buried in 专心于 bury one's face in one's hands 双手掩面 be buried alive 被活埋
[名师指津]　表示“专心于；致力于”的短语还有：be absorbed in，be lost in，be devoted to，focus on，concentrate one's attention on等。
7 annoy vt. 使恼怒，使生气；打扰，骚扰
[基础检测]—— 单句语法填空
①Much to my annoyance (annoy)，he kept silent about some of the things that happened at school.
②(2023·全国甲卷)You'll soon find that the more patience you practice，the more you start to apply it to other，more annoying (annoy)situations.
③(2021·全国乙卷)Annoyed (annoy)by the level of distraction (干扰)in his open office, he said, “That's why I have a membership at the co-working space across the street—so I can focus.”
[能力提升]—— 一句多译
④他因发现他的儿子卷入了犯罪活动而感到十分恼火。
→To his annoyance，he found his son involved in the crime.(annoyance)
→What annoyed him was that he found his son involved in the crime.(what引导的主语从句)
(1)annoyed adj. 恼怒的；生气的 be annoyed with sb. 生某人的气 be annoyed at/about sth. 因某事生气 be annoyed that… 对……感到生气 (2)annoying adj. 令人不高兴的；恼人的 (3)annoyance n. [U]恼怒；烦恼；[C]使人烦恼的事 to one's annoyance 使某人生气的是
[写作佳句]　She was so annoyed that she could no longer contain her anger and shouted at her husband. (读后续写之情感、动作描写)
她气得再也控制不住自己的怒火，对着丈夫大喊大叫。
8 break into 强行闯入，撬开；突然开始(笑、哭等)；顺利打入
[基础检测]—— 用break的相关短语填空
①He broke off in the middle of a sentence.
②He said his computer had broken down. That's why he couldn't finish his homework on time.
③In 1929, the world economic crisis broke out first in the United States.
④A thief broke in and stole a lot of things last night.
⑤(2025·全国二卷)I decided to break through the language barrier and share the deeper cultural meaning behind my name.
[能力提升]—— 微写作
⑥他们分手后，他整个人都变了，变得沉默寡言，不再像以前那样开朗活泼。
After they broke up, he changed completely, becoming silent and no longer as outgoing as before. (读后续写之人物描写)
break into tears/laughter 突然大哭/笑起来 break up 分裂；解体；打碎；结束(关系等)；绝交 break down 出故障；(身体)垮掉；使分解 break off 折断；中断 break out 突然开始；爆发 break through 取得突破；冲破 break away from 逃脱；脱离 break in 强行进入
[写作佳句]　(2021·浙江1月卷)My father carefully cut the pumpkin open，so I finally had my head break away from it.(动作描写)
我父亲小心翼翼地把南瓜切开，我的头终于从南瓜中出来了。
9 句型公式：before引导时间状语从句
(教材原句)It won't be long before virtual museums and interactive three-D exhibitions become common.
用不了多久，虚拟博物馆和交互式三维展览就会变得司空见惯。
[基础检测]—— 补全句子
①It was not long before (不久)he sensed the danger of the position.
②It will be three years before (过三年才)he returns from abroad.
③It was ten years before he paid off all his debts (他才还清所有的债务)．
④How long will it be before (还要过多久才)China sends a manned spaceship to the moon
[能力提升]—— 句式升级
⑤Before long he got used to the fast-paced school life.
→It was not long before he got used to the fast-paced school life. (before引导时间状语从句)
(1)before引导时间状语从句时，意为“在……之前；……之后才……；(不久)就……；还没来得及就……”。 (2)含before的常用句式： It won't be long before… 不久就…… It will be＋一段时间＋before… 过……时间才…… It wasn't long before… 没过多久就…… It was…before… 过了多长时间才……
[写作佳句]　(2021·浙江1月卷)It wasn't long before I had my head get out of the pumpkin with my dad's help. (读后续写之情景描写)
在父亲的帮助下，没过多久我的头就从南瓜里出来了。
[查漏补缺]
1．The company carries a variety of binders that can be imprinted with your message or logo.
2．The building project will be financed (finance)by the government and public donation.
3．The number of people whose weight poses a serious threat to their health is greater than before.
4．This kind of plant is widely distributed (distribute)in this area.
5．A survey shows that senior high school students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than those who are not.
6.You'd better stop building castles in the air and get down to some practical work.
7．They operate in all the major European countries and also in Australia, India, Turkey, South Africa, to name but a few.
8．Apparently he had been unfortunate enough to fall victim to a gang of thugs.
9．In short, a good and harmonious environment at home is necessary for a child to grow healthily.
10．Zoos are at the forefront of conservation and constantly evolving to improve how they care for animals and protect each species in its natural habitat.
1.be widely distributed 广泛分布 2．at the forefront of处于最前列，进入重要地位 3．castles in the air空中楼阁，幻想，空想 4．a variety of 多种多样的 5．pose a threat to 对……造成威胁 6.in short 总之 7．be engaged in 参与；从事于；忙于 8．be financed by 由……出资 9．to name but a few略举几例 10．fall victim to受伤，受损，被害
维度一　单句语法填空
1．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷改编)Titterman's job on stage was rather demanding (demand)．
2．(2023·北京卷)It has been proved that people have a bias (偏向)towards the present, focusing on loud attractions in the moment at the expense of the health, well-being and financial (finance)stability of their future selves or community.
3．(2024·浙江1月卷)Airplanes seed threatening (threaten)storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.
4．These crimes were committed largely by professional criminals who lived by crime． (crime)
5．If this fair distribution (distribute)can last for a year, a good harvest can be expected.
6．To conclude, we'd better discuss the issue in detail before we draw a conclusion (conclude)．
7．Sometimes it takes many years to make a prediction (predict)about a hurricane's behavior with much accuracy.
8．In order to raise some money，ultimately the man broke up the old machine and sold some parts.
9．As more people will use drones for photography in the future, some might spy on and take photographs of others without their knowledge.
10．Any history of bombing must also be a history of civilian deaths, for bombing saves the lives of soldiers at the expense of other lives.
维度二　一词多义和熟词生义
1．pose
A.v. 造成，产生　B．v. 提问　C．v. 摆姿势　D．n. 姿势
(1)Before going into their meeting the six foreign ministers posed for photographs.C
(2)We all know that nuclear weapons pose a threat to human security.A
(3)They pose questions about what were the transitions in human evolution.B
(4)(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Adults are portrayed (描绘)alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure.D
2．monitor
A.v. 监视；跟踪调查　B．v. 监听　C．n. 显示屏　D．n. 监测器　E．n. 班长
(1)The monitor's speech and the remarks of some classmates were all very interesting.E
(2)A scanner can read characters and transfer them to the monitor of a computer.C
(3)Watch the monitor and tell me if the level goes above forty decibels.D
(4)(2025·浙江1月卷)While trying to learn more about these birds, I find that there have not been any consistent studies or monitoring of them.A
(5)Peter is in Washington and has been monitoring reports out of Monrovia.B
3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的词性和意思
(1)She gained only minimal recognition for her work.n. 赞誉，赏识，奖赏
点拨：recognition(熟义)n. 认识，识别。此处意为“赞誉，赏识，奖赏”。
(2)Tourism is a fountain of wealth for the city.n. 丰富来源，源泉
点拨：fountain(熟义)n. 喷泉，喷水池；涌流。此处意为“丰富来源，源泉”。
维度三　写作素养提升
Ⅰ.单元话题写作
假定你是李华，最近需要发表一个关于科技改变生活的英文演讲，请你写一篇相关的演讲稿。
Step 1要点提示(黑体部分请用本单元知识)
①科技以我们从未想象过的方式改变了我们的生活。
Technology has transformed our lives in ways we could never have imagined．
②在智能手机和显示器发明之后，我们现在可以与全球各地的人保持联系，信息触手可及。
After smartphones and monitors are invented, we can now stay connected with people across the globe and access information at our fingertips.
③这场虚拟革命突显了适应和学习的重要性。
This virtual revolution has highlighted the importance of adapting and learning.
④记住每个屏幕背后的人性是至关重要的，并确保技术只是作为一种工具来加强人类的联系而不是取代它们。
It's crucial to remember the humanity behind every screen and ensure that technology serves as a tool to enhance, not replace, our human connections.
⑤总之，让我们负责任地利用技术的力量，确保它造福所有人。
In conclusion, let's harness technology's power responsibly and ensure it benefits all.
Step 2句式升级
⑥将句②改为with介词短语作伴随状语的句子
With the advent of smartphones and monitors, we can now stay connected with people across the globe and access information at our fingertips.
Step 3衔接成文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇)
Ladies and gentlemen，
Technology has transformed our lives in ways we could never have imagined. With the advent of smartphones and monitors, we can now stay connected with people across the globe and access information at our fingertips. This virtual revolution has highlighted the importance of adapting and learning. However, while we embrace these changes, it's crucial to remember the humanity behind every screen and ensure that technology serves as a tool to enhance, not replace, our human connections.
In conclusion, let's harness technology's power responsibly and ensure it benefits all.
Thank you.
Ⅱ.读后续写微技能
动作细节描写：“肩膀”动作
[语言素材]——输入必备知识
单词 1.shrug v．耸肩 2．straighten v．挺直 3．lift v．抬起 4．tense v．绷紧 5．support v．支撑 6．burden v．负重
词块 1.shrug slightly 微微耸肩 2．straighten one's back 挺直脊背 3．lift one's shoulders 抬起肩膀 4．relax one's shoulders 放松肩膀 5．look over one's shoulder 回头看 6．burdened with responsibility 肩负责任 7．tap/pat sb. on the shoulder 拍某人的肩膀 8．feel a weight lifted off one's shoulders 某人感到如释重负
[跟踪演练]——提升关键能力
任务1　单句表达
1．当被问及是否知道答案时，他微微耸了耸肩表示不确定。(shrug)
When asked if he knew the answer, he shrugged slightly to show his uncertainty．
2．他肩上背着一个沉重的背包。(burden)
He burdened his shoulders with a heavy backpack.
3．感到压力时，她总是不由自主地抬起肩膀。(lift)
When feeling stressed, she unconsciously lifted her shoulders．
4．听到身后的脚步声，他的肩膀立刻绷紧了。(tense)
Hearing footsteps behind him，his shoulders immediately tensed．
5．他回头看了看，结果发现一个年轻人正紧跟着他。
He looked over his shoulder，only to find a young man following him closely.
任务2　语段表达
During the graduation ceremony, Sarah felt nervous as she waited for her turn to receive the diploma. Initially, her shoulders 1.were burdened with responsibility (肩负责任)as the class president who had to give a speech later. As she watched her classmates successfully cross the stage, she began to 2.relax her shoulders (放松肩膀)and feel more confident. When her name was finally called, she 3.straightened her back (挺直脊背)and walked proudly toward the podium. After successfully delivering her speech, she 4.felt a weight lifted off her shoulders (感到如释重负)as the audience applauded warmly. As she returned to her seat, her best friend 5.patted her on the shoulder (拍她的肩膀)to congratulate her on the excellent presentation.
————基础默测————
默写达标
一、核心单词写得准
1．breakthrough n. 重大进展，突破 adj. 突破性的
2．murder vt. & n. 谋杀，凶杀
3．apparently adv. 显然，可见
4．victim n. 受害者，牺牲品；受骗者；祭品
5．alternative n. 可供选择的事物 adj. 可供替代的；非传统的
6．decrease vt. & vi. 减少，降低 n. 减少，降低
7．deny vt. 否认，否定；拒绝承认，拒绝接受
8．quantity n. 数量；大量
9．monitor vt. 监视，跟踪调查；监听 n. 显示屏；监测器；班长
10．stadium n. 体育场，运动场
11．bury vt. 埋藏；埋葬，安葬；覆盖；遮盖；使陷入
12．academic adj. 教学的，学术的；学习良好的；纯理论的
13．barrier n. 障碍，阻力；屏障，障碍物；分界线，隔阂
14．expense n. 费用；开销；开支
15．input n. 输入的信息，投入 vt. (input，input)输入(信息)
16．capacity n. 领悟(或理解、办事)能力；容量，容积；职位，职责；生产量
17．analyse (AmE analyze)vt. 分析
18．massive adj. 巨大的，大而重的；非常严重的
19．domestic adj. 家庭的，家用的；本国的，国内的
20．pose vt. 造成，产生；提问，质询 vi. 摆好姿势 n. 姿势
21．highlight n. 最好(或最精彩)的部分 vt. 突出，强调；使醒目
22．contemporary adj. 当代的，现代的；属同时期的，同一时代的 n. 同代人，同辈人
23．superiority n. 优越感；优越性，优势
24．virtual adj. 虚拟的，模拟的；很接近的，事实上的
25．definition n. 定义；释义，解释
26．practical adj. 实际的，真实的；切实可行的；有用的；实事求是的
27．clone n. 好像一模一样的人，复制品；克隆动物(或植物)vt. 克隆，以无性繁殖技术复制
28．initial adj. 最初的，开始的 n. 首字母
二、拓展单词通变化
1．recognition n. 识别，认出；承认，认可；赞誉，赏识→recognize vt. 认出，识别；承认
2．distribution n. 分发，分送；分配，分布→distribute vt. 分配；散布；分发
3．illegal adj.不合法的，非法的→legal adj.法律许可的，合法的→legally adv.法律上，合法地
4．justified adj.合乎情理的，事出有因的；有正当理由的→justify vt. 证明……正当；替……辩护
5．engage vt. & vi.吸引住(注意力、兴趣)；雇用，聘用；与……建立密切关系→engagement n．婚约；约会→engaged adj. 忙于，从事于；已订婚；使用中的
6．annoy vt. 使恼怒，使生气；打扰，骚扰→annoyed adj. 愤怒的，生气的→annoying adj. 讨厌的，恼人的→annoyance n. 烦恼
7．globe n. 球体，球状物；地球仪；地球，世界→global adj. 全球的；总体的；球形的
8．finance n. 财政，金融；资金；财力，财务管理 vt. 提供资金→financial adj. 财政的；金融的；资金的
9．commit vt. 犯(罪)；承诺，保证；花(钱或时间)vi. 全心全意投入，忠于→committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的→commitment n. 承诺；保证；奉献
10．predict vt. 预言，预告→prediction n. 预测；预言
11．urge vt. 敦促，催促；大力推荐，竭力主张；驱赶，鞭策 n. 冲动，强烈的欲望→urgent adj. 紧急的；急迫的→urgency n. 紧急；急迫
12．demand vt. 需要；强烈要求 n. 要求，所需之物；需求，需要→demanding adj. (工作)要求高的，费力的；(人)苛求的
13．conclude vt. & vi. 断定，推断出；达成，订立；(使)结束，终止→conclusion n. 结论；推论
14．optimistic adj. 乐观的，抱乐观看法的→optimism n. 乐观；乐观主义
三、阅读单词晓词义
1．coin vt. 创造(新词语)
2．autonomous adj. 自主的，有自主权的；自治的
3．database n. 数据库
4．drone n. 无人驾驶飞机
5．fine-tune vt. 对……微调
6．state-of-the-art adj. 使用最先进技术(或方法)的，最先进的
7．gender n. 性别
8．fail-safe adj. 有自动保险装置的，具有自动防止故障性能的
9．capsule n. 小塑料容器；(装药的)胶囊；太空舱
10．muscular adj. 肌肉的，强壮的
11．headset n. 耳机
12．immersive adj. (计算机系统或图像)沉浸式虚拟现实的
四、重点短语明搭配
1．(build)castles in the air 建空中楼阁，幻想，空想
2．fall victim to 受伤，受损，被害
3．spy on 暗中监视，窥探
4．at the forefront of 处于最前列，进入重要地位
5．a host of 许多，大量
6．boil down to 归结为，基本问题是
7．like weeds 大量
8．come true 实现
9．be capable of doing sth. 有能力做某事
10．to name but a few 略举几例
五、教材佳句会运用
1．为了实现这个目标，人们提出过许多创造真正的AI的方法，其中包括“深度学习”……(to do 作目的状语)
To achieve this aim, many approaches to creating true AI have been put forward，including “deep learning”...
2．随着我们变得越来越依赖于电脑，一些科学家正敦促我们思考人工智能发展带来的危险。(过去分词短语作后置定语)
As we become more and more dependent on computers, some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI．
3．如果我告诉你，医生可以先造出一个虚拟的“孪生病人”来练习精密的手术，然后再在病人身上进行实际操作呢？(what if...)
What if I told you that doctors could create a virtual “twin” in order to practise delicate surgery before attempting it on the patient
4．用不了多久，虚拟博物馆和交互式三维展览就会变得司空见惯。(before 引导的时间状语从句)
It won't be long before virtual museums and interactive three-D exhibitions become common.
基础检测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．My sister is optimistic (乐观的)about life and her optimism earns her luck and success.
2．Tom's fellows were envious (嫉妒的)of his success and he was the envy of them.
3．(2021·全国乙卷)In around 80 A．D. the Romans built the Colosseum，which remains the world's best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary (当代的)design.
4．(2021·北京卷)You must arrange and finance (为……提供资金)your travel to and from the location where you will do your internship.
5．I had always been fascinated with chemistry，biology，and math，but since those interests hadn't fit Tyson's definition (定义，概念)of “cool”，I had never pursued them.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．They threatened (threat)to cancel the whole project at a stroke.
2．The criminal (crime)was sentenced to death for his serious crime.
3．My boss urges (urgent)me to deal with the most urgent matters every day.
4．This is a demanding job which demands (demand)attention and concentration.
5．He is a greedy (greed)man and always wants everything out of sheer greed.
Ⅲ.选词填空
to name but a few; break into; in large quantities; fall victim to; at the expense of
1．Some drugs taken in large quantities will cause permanent brain damage.
2．Apparently he had been unfortunate enough to fall victim to some robbers.
3．Activities available include walking, hiking and swimming, to name but a few．
4．When the man was trying to break into the bank, he was caught by the police on the spot.
5．You're so kind as to help others at the expense of losing the good chance to be promoted.
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1．为了研究袋鼠，他去了澳大利亚。(to do 作目的状语)
To make a study of kangaroos, he went to Australia.
2．我认为在会议上提出的这个建议没有意义。(过去分词短语作后置定语)
I think the proposal put forward at the meeting doesn't make sense.
3．如果他又向你说抱歉怎么办呢？你会原谅他吗？(what if...)
What if he says sorry to you again Will you forgive him
课时作业39
(总分：32.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共17.5分)
(2025·广东佛山S6高质量发展联盟联考)
4 Affordable Travel Gifts for Loved
Ones with Wanderlust in 2025
If you're searching for gifts for your favorite adventurer that won't break the bank, we've got you covered.
Cozy Neck Pillow
Sleeping well while traveling doesn't have to come at a steep price.In fact, our best－tested travel neck pillow is available for just $40 and is pretty much guaranteed to help your favorite traveler sleep better on long flights.In our testing, we called this neck pillow the “Goldilocks of travel pillows” thanks to its firm support but equal parts softness and portability.
Collapsible Squeeze Water Bottle
This collapsible, space－saving water bottle is a must－have for staying hydrated (含水的)when traveling.In our testing, we found it perfect for travelers because not only does it have a filter that can make just about any water drinkable, but it also collapses so you can easily pack it in your favorite travel backpack when not in use.
Portable Bluetooth Speaker
This portable speaker is the perfect travel companion to bring on your next trip.With an integrated carabiner (竖钩)，its design makes it easy to attach the speaker to your bag or belt loop, so you can continue playing tunes no matter where you go.Not only is the sound quality excellent, but it's also waterproof, making it a great pick for your next beach vacation.
Anti－Theft Laptop Travel Backpack
When you're traveling, having a spacious bag is important, especially if you're not bringing a carry－on.This backpack gives great bang for your buck.After testing it, we are impressed with its durability, comfort and spacious compartments (隔层)．Also, its anti－theft lockable compartment is a great feature that allows you to store important documents like a passport.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了2025年为热爱旅行的人提供的四款经济实惠的旅行礼物，包括舒适颈枕、可折叠挤压水瓶、便携式蓝牙音箱和防盗笔记本电脑旅行背包，并阐述了它们的特点和优势。
1．Why is the neck pillow called “Goldilocks”？(　D　)
A．It sells well at a low price.
B．It is suitable for long flights.
C．Its quality is well guaranteed.
D．It has a perfect balance of features.
解析：细节理解题。根据Cozy Neck Pillow部分“In our testing, we called this neck pillow the ‘Goldilocks of travel pillows’ thanks to its firm support but equal parts softness and portability.”可知，颈枕被称为“Goldilocks”是因为它在支撑、柔软度和便携性方面达到了完美的平衡，即它的功能特点完美平衡。故选D。
2．What makes the water bottle travel－friendly？(　A　)
A．A filter for purifying water.
B．A feature of being waterproof.
C．A lockable structure for easy packing.
D．A new technology for staying hydrated.
解析：细节理解题。根据Collapsible Squeeze Water Bottle部分“In our testing, we found it perfect for travelers…so you can easily pack it in your favorite travel backpack when not in use.”可知，水瓶有净化水的过滤器，这使得它便于旅行使用。故选A。
3．What do the speaker and the backpack have in common？(　C　)
A．They provide fun for outdoor activities.
B．They offer security for valuable items.
C．They serve as practical gear for travel.
D．They store digital and electronic products.
解析：细节理解题。根据Portable Bluetooth Speaker部分“This portable speaker is the perfect travel companion to bring on your next trip.”以及Anti－Theft Laptop Travel Backpack部分“This backpack gives great bang for your buck…Also, its anti－theft lockable compartment is a great feature that allows you to store important documents like a passport.”可知，音箱是旅行的完美伴侣，背包物超所值，由此可推出它们的共同点是它们都是实用的旅行装备。故选C。
(2025·河北邢台二模)
“Whatever the mind can conceive (构思)and believe, it can achieve.” Would you agree with the statement that a dream is born from an idea—a simple idea in the mind Back in the 19th century, two brothers had an idea which eventually became their passionate and consuming dream.Their insistent pursuit of that dream was rewarded with an achievement that changed world travel.
On December 17, 1903, the Wright brothers (Wilbur and Orville)achieved their dream.They flew the world's first power－driven and heavier－than－air machine.This memorable feat took place at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina on a cold windy morning.
The dream started with an idea that was planted in their minds by a toy given to them by their father.In the words of the boys, “Late in the autumn of 1878, our father came into the house one evening with some object partly hidden in his hands, and before we could see what it was, he threw it into the air.Instead of falling to the floor, as we expected, it flew across the room till it struck the ceiling, where it flew a while, and finally sank to the floor.” This simple toy made of bamboo and stretched rubber bands fascinated the Wright brothers and sparked their lifelong interest in human flight.
The Wright brothers were great thinkers.They enjoyed learning new things.Initially, they recycled broken parts to build a printing press and opened their own printing office.Their interest moved to bicycles and in 1893, they opened the Wright Cycle Company where they sold and repaired bicycles.But Wilbur (the older brother)had his mind set on something more exciting.He decided to seriously pursue flying.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了莱特兄弟如何从一个简单的想法出发，通过不懈努力和创新，最终实现了人类飞行的梦想，改变了世界旅行的方式。
4．What does the author want to stress in paragraph 1？(　D　)
A．Ideas are always achievable.
B．Mind can turn ideas into reality.
C．Only simple ideas can be achieved.
D．Dreams are born from simple ideas.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Would you agree with the statement that a dream is born from an idea—a simple idea in the mind？”可知，作者在第一段想要强调的是梦想源于简单的想法。故选D。
5．What did the father do for the Wright brothers？(　C　)
A．He planted special seeds for them.
B．He taught them how to employ bamboo.
C．He gave them a special toy.
D．He guided them on career planning.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“The dream started with an idea that was planted in their minds by a toy given to them by their father.”可知，父亲给了莱特兄弟一个特别的玩具，这个玩具在他们的脑海中生根发芽，点燃了他们对人类飞行的终生兴趣。故选C。
6．Which of the following can best describe the Wright brothers？(　A　)
A．Innovative and curious.
B．Thoughtful and sociable.
C．Adaptable and extraordinary.
D．Influential and sensitive.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“The Wright brothers were great thinkers…He decided to seriously pursue flying.”可知，莱特兄弟喜欢学习新事物，回收损坏的零件来建造印刷机，并开了自己的印刷公司，后来又开了自行车公司，最后决定认真追求飞行，说明他们有创新精神，好奇心强。故选A。
7．What can we know about the Wright brothers？(　C　)
A．They avoided taking a risk.
B．Their printing business failed.
C．They liked exploring new ideas.
D．Their firms were distributed worldwide.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“The Wright brothers were great thinkers.They enjoyed learning new things.”可知，莱特兄弟喜欢探索新想法。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分)
(2025·江西新余模拟预测)
In Old Delhi, India, Yash Mehta ran his fingers over the braille book in a school for the blind, his heart heavy.“Why don't you use electronic braille readers？” he asked a student.“Too __1__，” came the reply, a reply that stayed with him like a __2__.
Back home in North Carolina, the 14－year－old __3__ toy motors late at night, with the internal orange circuit (电路)boards exposed, shining like tiny lights.“What if vibrations (震动)could feel like braille dots？” he whispered to his confused cat.For weeks, __4__ models filled his desk.
“__5__ yet？” his sister joked when a motor produced small flashes of fire.Yash shook his head, remembering the Delhi students' __6__ eyes.He rebuilt the device using 3D printing, hands shaking as he conducted the final __7__ and inspection.
At the New Delhi Blind Relief Association, his shirt got wet from sweat.A girl named Priya tried the vibrating device.“__8__！” she cried, reading most words __9__.Yash's eyes watered—not because of __10__， but because of Priya's bright smile.
His __11__ later won national awards, but Yash __12__ noticed the victory.“Add text－scanning next，” he wrote in his notebook, dreaming of turning printed books into braille.
When asked to give some advice to __13__ lovers, Yash says, “Try to find something that you think could be done at your skill __14__ even if you have to grow a little bit more in knowledge.Also, ask people in your community what problems they need to solve.I think that's the most __15__ part—getting first－hand feedback.”
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Yash发明震动盲文阅读装置并获奖的故事。
1．(　D　)A.diverse B．innovative
C．flexible D．costly
解析：句意：“太贵了，”对方回答道，这个回答像影子一样一直伴随着他。A.diverse多样的；B.innovative创新的；C.flexible灵活的；D.costly昂贵的。根据上文“Why don't you use electronic braille readers？”以及常识可知，学生不使用电子盲文阅读器是因为其价格，即电子盲文阅读器太贵了。故选D。
2．(　C　)A.trend B．concept
C．shadow D．phenomenon
解析：句意同上。A.trend趋势；B.concept概念；C.shadow影子；D.phenomenon现象。根据上文“a reply that stayed with him”可知，此处使用“像影子一样”来形容这个回答一直萦绕在他心头，突出其印象深刻。故选C。
3．(　B　)A.depended on B．took apart
C．took advantage of D．kept up with
解析：句意：回到北卡罗来纳州的家中，这个14岁的孩子在深夜拆开玩具马达，内部橙色的电路板露出来，像小灯一样发光。A.depended on依赖；B.took apart拆开；C.took advantage of利用；D.kept up with跟上。根据下文“with the internal orange circuit (电路)boards exposed, shining like tiny lights”可知，他把玩具马达拆开了，才看到了内部电路板。故选B。
4．(　A　)A.broken B．reliable
C．adaptable D．abandoned
解析：句意：几个星期以来，坏掉的模型摆满了他的桌子。A.broken坏掉的；B.reliable可靠的；C.adaptable能适应的；D.abandoned被遗弃的。根据上文“the 14－year－old __3__ toy motors late at night, with the internal orange circuit (电路)boards exposed, shining like tiny lights”以及下文“his sister joked when a motor produced small flashes of fire”可知，他拆开了玩具马达，并且在制作过程中经历了失败，所以桌子上是坏掉的模型。故选A。
5．(　A　)A.Quit B．Stand
C．Support D．Explode
解析：句意：“要放弃了吗？”当一个马达产生小火花时他姐姐开玩笑地问道。A.Quit放弃；B.Stand站立；C.Support支持；D.Explode爆炸。根据下文“his sister joked when a motor produced small flashes of fire.Yash shook his head, remembering the Delhi students' __6__ eyes”可知，此处表示当姐姐看到他又一次失败时，开玩笑地问他是不是要放弃。故选A。
6．(　B　)A.enhanced B．desired
C．involved D．confirmed
解析：句意：Yash摇了摇头，想起了德里的学生们渴望的眼神。A.enhanced增强的；B.desired渴望的；C.involved参与的；D.confirmed确认的。根据上文“‘Why don't you use electronic braille readers？’ he asked a student.‘Too __1__，’ came the reply”可知，在德里，学生们因为价格昂贵而不能使用电子盲文阅读器，由此推测此处表示学生们渴望电子阅读器的眼神，这激励着他不放弃。故选B。
7．(　C　)A.figure B．strategy
C．test D．advice
解析：句意：他用3D打印技术重建了这个装置，在进行最后的测试和检查时，他的双手在颤抖。A.figure数字；B.strategy策略；C.test测试；D.advice建议。根据常识可知，在完成装置制作后，要进行最后的测试和检查。故选C。
8．(　D　)A.Terrifying B．Confusing
C．Moving D．Amazing
解析：句意：“太神奇了！”她喊道，大部分单词都读对了。A.Terrifying可怕的；B.Confusing令人困惑的；C.Moving感人的；D.Amazing令人惊奇的。根据下文“but because of Priya's bright smile”可知，女孩拥有了灿烂的微笑，由此可推知，女孩喊的是这个装置很令人惊奇。故选D。
9．(　B　)A.specifically B．correctly
C．seriously D．completely
解析：句意同上。A.specifically特定地；B.correctly正确地；C.seriously严肃地；D.completely完全地。根据下文“Yash's eyes watered”可知，大部分单词都读得正确，所以Yash会感觉激动，眼睛湿润了。故选B。
10．(　C　)A.expectation B．heart
C．tiredness D．foundation
解析：句意：Yash的眼睛湿润了——不是因为疲惫，而是因为Priya灿烂的笑容。A.expectation期望；B.heart心脏；C.tiredness疲惫；D.foundation基础。根据上文“For weeks, __4__ models filled his desk.”以及“At the New Delhi Blind Relief Association, his shirt got wet from sweat.”可知，Yash的眼睛湿润不是因为做这个装置过程中的疲惫，而是被女孩的笑容打动。故选C。
11．(　D　)A.reward B．distribution
C．representation D．invention
解析：句意：他的发明后来赢得了国家奖项，但是Yash几乎没注意到这个胜利。A.reward奖励；B.distribution分配；C.representation表现；D.invention发明。根据上文“He rebuilt the device using 3D printing, hands shaking as he conducted the final __7__ and inspection.”以及语境可知，此处表示Yash发明的震动装置。故选D。
12．(　A　)A.barely B．incredibly
C．potentially D．apparently
解析：句意同上。A.barely几乎不；B.incredibly难以置信地；C.potentially潜在地；D.apparently显然地。根据下文“‘Add text－scanning next，’ he wrote in his notebook, dreaming of turning printed books into braille.”可知，Yash想要继续改进装置，几乎没注意到获奖这件事。故选A。
13．(　D　)A.commitment B．nature
C．study D．science
解析：句意：当被要求给科学爱好者一些建议时，Yash说：“试着找到一些你认为在你的技能水平上可以完成的事情，即使你还需要多积累一些知识。”A.commitment承诺；B.nature自然；C.study学习；D.science科学。根据语境可知，Yash进行了发明创造，所以此处表示给科学爱好者提建议。故选D。
14．(　B　)A.variety B．level
C．choice D．category
解析：句意同上。A.variety种类；B.level水平；C.choice选择；D.category类别。根据语境可知，此处表示找到在自己技能水平上能做的事，skill level表示“技能水平”。故选B。
15．(　C　)A.grateful B．unique
C．significant D．complex
解析：句意：我认为那是最重要的一部分——获得第一手反馈。A.grateful感激的；B.unique独特的；C.significant重要的；D.complex复杂的。根据上文“Also, ask people in your community what problems they need to solve.”以及语境可知，Yash认为获得第一手反馈是最重要的部分。故选C。
课时作业40
(总分：35分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分)
(2025·湖北黄冈三模)
Sometimes astronauts get into a sticky situation up in space.When something needs repairing, it often turns out that duct tape is a preferred fix－it－all.Since tearing the tape with one hand while floating is no easy task, high school students just came up with a brilliant solution.They invented a duct tape dispenser (强力胶带分割器)that is out of this world!
Students belonging to HUNCH (High school students United with NASA to Create Hardware)have just made life a lot easier for astronauts.In the 18 years since the program operated, students have been busy designing and building equipment that is then used on the International Space Station (ISS)．And now, students from five states combined their efforts to come up with a solution to the duct tape dilemma.
Duct tape, called “grey tape”， along with Kapton high temperature tape, is a necessary tool for astronauts.Over the years, these tapes have come in handy in times of emergency.
As early as 1970, it was used on the Apollo 13 mission.Using duct tape, astronauts took a flight manual cover, a plastic bag, and a sock to repair a power－providing solar equipment that was torn.And in 1972, the crew on Apollo 17 sealed a map onto a damaged fender of the lunar rover (月球车挡板)，which was affixed by duct tape.
Yet the sticky issue of duct tape is that astronauts do not have two hands to tear it.The only way to tear it is with one's teeth or with scissors.
The students designed a tape dispenser that locks into place on the guard rail.The tape dispenser provides a clean cut and can be used easily with one hand, and several rolls of tape can be placed on it at one time.
It is already being used aboard the ISS.Colonel Mike Hopkins provided a glowing review aboard the spacecraft and showed the dispenser in action.“I think this tape dispenser is going to find a lot of use here on the International Space Station，” Hopkins said.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了高中生为宇航员发明的强力胶带分割器及其相关背景。
1．What is the duct tape dilemma for astronauts？(　A　)
A．Tearing the tape.
B．Recognizing the tape.
C．Making the tape in space.
D．Keeping the tape floating.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Since tearing the tape with one hand while floating is no easy task”以及第五段“Yet the sticky issue of duct tape is that astronauts do not have two hands to tear it.”可知，宇航员面临的强力胶带难题是撕开胶带。故选A。
2．What message does paragraph 4 mainly convey？(　D　)
A．Fixing equipment proves demanding.
B．Astronauts have hard access to tape.
C．Space travel is challenging and tiring.
D．Duct tape is important for astronauts.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“As early as 1970, it was used on the Apollo 13 mission… the crew on Apollo 17 sealed a map onto a damaged fender of the lunar rover (月球车挡板)，which was affixed by duct tape.”可知，本段主要讲了强力胶带在太空任务中的多次重要应用，表明强力胶带对宇航员很重要。故选D。
3．Why is Colonel Mike Hopkins mentioned？(　A　)
A．To praise the students' invention.
B．To doubt reviews from the public.
C．To explain how to use the dispenser.
D．To show the dispenser's characteristic.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Colonel Mike Hopkins provided a glowing review aboard the spacecraft and showed the dispenser in action.‘I think this tape dispenser is going to find a lot of use here on the International Space Station，’ Hopkins said.”可知，提到Mike Hopkins上校是为了赞扬学生们的发明。故选A。
4．From which section of a newspaper is the text most probably taken？(　C　)
A．Travel. B．Medicine.
C．Technology. D．Environment.
解析：推理判断题。文章主要讲述了高中生为解决宇航员在太空撕强力胶带的难题，发明了强力胶带分割器，这属于科技创新方面的内容，所以文章最可能来自报纸的科技版块。故选C。
(2026·湖北武汉开学考试)
Brain－computer interfaces (BCIs)are digital systems that allow direct communication between a brain and an external device.This requires technology capable of either accurately reading and interpreting neural (神经的)signals in a way that preserves human meaning or stimulating appropriate neural pathways to reliably and consistently transmit information.
Nearly all current BCI systems are based on one－way information flow between the brain and the device, while other biological systems may be used as feedback.A person using a BCI to type on a computer transmits information to the computer through a direct neural connection, but then uses their eyes to read the output on the screen as feedback to adjust their typing.
Two－way brain－computer communication systems must have the ability to both read neural signals and stimulate the brain.So this may require multiple devices to work at the same time.Regardless of whether information exchange is one－way or two－way, a real－time network must be established to allow dynamic machine－brain interaction.
BCI devices have been used to directly enhance cognitive (认知的)capabilities and improve communication methods in ways that facilitate learning for individuals suffering from various medical conditions.For patients with severe physical disabilities, BCI devices that facilitate communication can improve functionality in many areas of life, including learning.They allow patients to control the movement of a computer cursor (光标)using thoughts.Current technology is limited in the speed with which users can type messages, but new devices currently being developed in the private industry may allow users to communicate up to 100 words per minute by directly translating imagined thoughts to text.These devices could change learning strategies for all individuals, not just those suffering from disabilities.
The application of BCI technology for education is already being explored, such as systems that are responsive to the emotional states of students.And BCI－based educational games have been used to reduce math anxiety.Although progress has been made, major limitations and challenges remain.Current BCI educational systems are only proof－of－concepts and have not demonstrated enough effectiveness, due to technological and educational factors.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了脑机接口(BCI)的技术原理、应用案例及当前局限性，强调其在改善学习方式和辅助残障人士方面的潜力。
5．What can we know about BCIs？(　D　)
A.Reading neural signals requires no human meaning.
B.External devices are essential in indirect communication.
C.Stimulating nerves completes information transmission.
D.Brain－device communication can be done through BCIs.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Brain－computer interfaces (BCIs)are digital systems that allow direct communication between a brain and an external device.”可知，脑机接口可以实现大脑与设备之间的通信。故选D。
6．Why does the author mention a person using a BCI in paragraph 2？(　A　)
A.To illustrate the function of current BCI systems.
B．To show the purpose of biological systems.
C．To give an example of information flow.
D．To track the process of communication.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“A person using a BCI to type on a computer transmits information to the computer through a direct neural connection, but then uses their eyes to read the output on the screen as feedback to adjust their typing.”可知，作者通过具体使用者的案例说明当前的BCI系统如何帮助使用者实现信息交换，即展现该系统的功能。故选A。
7．Which is required in achieving two－way brain－computer communication systems？(　B　)
A．Integrated ability.
B．A real－time network.
C．Dynamic interaction.
D．Brain－device cooperation.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Regardless of whether information exchange is one－way or two－way, a real－time network must be established to allow dynamic machine－brain interaction.”可知，实现双向脑机通信需要建立实时网络。故选B。
8．What is the last paragraph mainly about？(　D　)
A．The future of BCI systems.
B．The benefits of using BCI devices.
C．The application of BCI technology.
D．The situation of BCI educational systems.
解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段“The application of BCI technology for education is already being explored…Although progress has been made, major limitations and challenges remain.”可知，本段主要聚焦BCI在教育领域的应用，包括其应用案例和存在的局限性。故选D。
Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
(2025·山东青岛模拟预测)
China's rapid advancement in smart technologies has caught global attention, with many sharing their experiences online.A notable example is the Hutchinsons, a British family with nearly 200，000 followers, who, after their first drone (无人机)delivery in Shenzhen, 1________ (remark)，“China is already in 2030！” Their post became the most popular, reaching 2________ impressive 7.8 million views.
Technological innovations, such as robot food delivery 3________ hotel rooms, have also gained widespread attention.Travel blogger Allison Paige shared her experience, highlighting how 4________ (convenience)and enjoyable this service was.Her video contributed to the viral label “China Hotel”， 5________ has since drawn the interest of international viewers.
This growing trend is part of China's initiative to build smart cities, 6________ (integrate)intelligent vehicles, smart roads, and real－time cloud technologies.These advancements are making it possible for tourists 7________ (enjoy)cutting－edge services.For instance, 8________ (passenger)at Beijing Daxing International Airport recently had the opportunity to ride in robotaxis.Though these taxis 9________ (monitor)by safety drivers for security, it marks a significant step in the development of self－driving technology in China.
China's push for smart city development is backed by a national guideline, aiming for substantial progress by 2027.By then, China plans to have established smart cities that are more livable, adaptable, and 10________ (digital)advanced.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国在智能技术和智能城市建设方面的快速发展，展示了无人机送货、机器人送餐等创新技术。
1．remarked
解析：考查时态和语态。句意：一个值得注意的例子是哈钦森一家，这是一个拥有近20万粉丝的英国家庭，他们在深圳首次无人机送货后评论道：“中国已经到了2030年！” 此处为定语从句中的谓语动词，根据时间状语after their first drone (无人机)delivery和上下文可知，此处描述过去事件，应用一般过去时。故填remarked。
2．an
解析：考查冠词。句意：他们的帖子成为最受欢迎的帖子，浏览量达到了令人印象深刻的780万次。此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词。impressive发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
3．to
解析：考查介词。句意：技术创新，如机器人将食物送到酒店房间，也受到了广泛关注。delivery to是固定搭配，表示“送至，送达”，表示动作的目标或方向。故填to。
4．convenient
解析：考查词性转换。句意：旅游博主Allison Paige分享了她的经历，强调了这项服务是多么方便和愉快。分析句子可知，空处应用形容词。故填convenient。
5．which
解析：考查定语从句。句意：她的视频为快速传播品牌“中国酒店”做出了贡献，此后引起了国际观众的兴趣。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰the viral label “China Hotel”，作主语，使用which引导。故填which。
6．integrating
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这一增长趋势是中国建设智慧城市倡议的一部分，该倡议整合了智能汽车、智能道路和实时云技术。分析句子可知，空处作后置定语修饰initiative，两者之间是逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词。故填integrating。
7．to enjoy
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这些进步使游客能够享受尖端的服务。make后接复合宾语，it为形式宾语，不定式作真正宾语。故填to enjoy。
8．passengers
解析：考查名词复数。句意：例如，北京大兴国际机场的乘客最近有机会乘坐自动驾驶出租车。空处在句中作主语，passenger是可数名词，其前无限定词修饰，应用复数。故填passengers。
9．are monitored
解析：考查时态和语态。句意：尽管这些出租车受到安全驾驶员的监控，但这标志着中国自动驾驶技术的发展迈出了重要一步。空处在句中作谓语，描述当前情况，动词和主语之间是被动关系，因此应使用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are monitored。
10．digitally
解析：考查副词。句意：到那时，中国计划建成更宜居、适应性更强、数字化程度更高的智慧城市。修饰形容词advanced用副词。故填digitally。

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