资源简介

UNIT 8　GREEN LIVING
1.involve vt.参与;包含
involved adj.复杂的;有关的,涉及的
involvement n.参与;介入;插手
[高考溯源](2024·北京卷)
The mechanism involves a repurposed reward system originally used to develop habits important for self-care.(vt.包含,包括)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①I ask you not to get 　　　　 (involve) in this kind of matter.It’s none of your business.
②He found a job as a high school teacher which involves 　　　　 (spend) quite a lot of time with students.
③In a recent book,he advocated more government　　　　 (involve) in health care.
④(2024·北京卷)Since there are many factors 　　　　(involve) in the pairing process,not all students who sign up will be matched with a partner and be able to register for the programme.
(2)⑤政府应该设法让尽可能多的公民参与到保护环境中来。
The government should try to

the environment.
⑥参与保护海洋的人越多,海洋环境就越好。

　　　　　,the better the ocean environment will be.
·involve sb in (doing) sth 使某人参与(做)某事;使某人牵扯进某事中
involve doing sth 包括做某事;需要做某事
·get/be involved in 被卷入……之中;热衷于;专心于;参与
be/get involved with sb/sth 与某人关系亲密;和某事有密切联系
involved意为“复杂的”时,常作前置定语;意为“有关的,涉及的”时,常作后置定语,如:an involved plot 复杂的情节,the people involved有关的人/涉及的人。
2.occur vi.发生
occurrence n.发生的事,事件;发生,出现(尤指意外且令人不快的事)
[高考溯源] (2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well.(vi.发生)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)①After I calmed down,an idea 　　　　(occur) to me that we should first find the exit of the building.
②It never occurred 　　　　 her that such a minor mistake would cause her to lose her job.
③(2022·北京卷)Tracking of 150 biochemicals in food has been important in revealing the relationships between calories,sugar,fat and the 　　　　(occur) of common diseases.
(2)我从来没有想到你能成功说服他改变主意。
④
you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.(occur)
⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.(hit)
⑥　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.(strike)
sth occurs to/hits/strikes sb某人突然想起某事
It occurs to/strikes/hits sb that...某人突然想起……
It occurs to sb to do sth某人突然想到要做某事
3.majority n.大多数
major n.主修科目,专业
v.主修,专攻
adj.主要的;重要的;主修的
minority n.少数,少数派
[高考溯源] (2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
Although these campaigns were widespread,the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car.(n.大多数)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①It’s by no means accidental that women are 　　　　 the majority in the nursing and teaching professions.
②One-third of the country is covered with trees and the majority of the citizens 　　　　 (be) African Americans.
③School is our second home where we spend the 　　　　(major) of time living and learning.
④You should major　　　　 computer science in the future if you are so interested in it.
⑤The majority　　　　 (be) in favour of banning smoking at the discussion yesterday.
(2)⑥达成这项协议似乎是不可能的,因为大多数委员会成员反对该协议。
An agreement seems to be impossible because 　　　　　　　　　　　 the committee members are against it.
·a/the majority of... 大多数……
be in the/a majority 占大部分/大多数
·major in 主修
·be in the/a minority 占少部分/少数
a/the majority of+名词,表示“大多数……”,作主语时,谓语动词的数与of后面的名词相一致;the majority单独作主语时,谓语动词用单复数均可。
4.sum vt.概括,总结
n.金额;总和
summarise vt.总结,概括
summary n.总结,概括,概要
[高考溯源](2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)
They surveyed several hundred park-goers,asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park.(n.总结,概要)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)①At the end of the class,our teacher let us sum 　　　　 the main idea of the article.
②At the end of your speech,try to 　　　　(sum) your most important points in slightly different words from the ones you used in your opening.
③In 　　　　 (sum),I insist that you should take the opinions of the people from the UK into consideration,and end this practice immediately.
(2)总而言之,他们在这届奥运会上表现得相当出色。
④　　　　　　　　,they performed perfectly in this Olympic Games.(sum)
⑤　　　　　　　　,they performed perfectly in this Olympic Games.(summary)
⑥　　　　　　　　,they performed perfectly in this Olympic Games.(summarise)
·sum up/sum sth up 总计;概括
to sum up=in sum 总之
·a large sum of/large sums of 许多,大量
·in summary 总之,总的来说
·to summarise 简而言之
表示“总之”的结构还有:
in a word 简言之,总之
in short 简言之,总之
in brief 简言之,总之
in conclusion 总而言之;综上所述
all in all 总而言之,总的来说
5.do my part for sth 尽自己所能做某事
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/语境串词
(1)①No one could imagine the part computers would play 　　　　 our daily life and work in the past.
②　　　　 the most part,however,we breathe in the fresh air which surrounds us without being consciously aware of its importance to us.
③It is selling very well,　　　　 part because the packaging is so attractive.
④As far as I’m concerned,everyone of us should do our part 　　　　 protecting our environment.
⑤(2024·全国甲卷)Students who do not wish to take part 　　　　 the event for religious or other reasons should inform their teacher,and they will be allowed to stay in the office until after the event.
(2)⑥在我看来,环境污染在一定程度上是因为我们的人类活动,因此,我们应该尽我们所能来保护环境。我们可以参加一系列的活动。例如,我们通常可以乘坐公共交通而不是开车去上班。我相信,我们可以在使我们的地球变得更美好方面发挥重要的作用。
In my opinion,environmental pollution is 　　　　　　　　 due to our human activities,so we should　　　　　　　　　　　　 protecting our environment.We can　　　　　　　　　　 a series of activities.For example,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,we can take public transportation instead of driving cars to work.I am sure we can　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　 making our Earth a better place.
do one’s part to do sth=do one’s part for (doing) sth 竭尽所能做某事;为(做)某事竭尽所能
take part (in) 参加
play a part in 参与;在……中发挥作用
for the most part 多半,通常
in part=partly 部分地;在一定程度上
6.take action采取行动
[高考溯源](2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)
Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives,we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future,and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in.(采取行动)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)①The new plan for traffic control is being put 　　　　 action on an experiment basis.
②Now,lots of countries and regions are taking action 　　　　(ban) the sale of single-use plastic bags to stop people using them.
③Action must 　　　　(take) to save the species from dying out.
④So far,visitors to the theme park have been excited to see the birds 　　　　 action.
(2)我们是时候改掉这些坏习惯并且采取行动保护环境了。
⑤It’s time we got rid of these bad habits and　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　.(take action)
⑥It’s time we got rid of these bad habits and　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　
　　　.(take measures)
⑦It’s time we got rid of these bad habits and　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(take steps)
take action to do sth=take measures/steps to do sth 采取措施做某事;采取行动做某事
in action 在运转;在活动中
out of action 失去作用;不能工作
put/call/bring...into action 使……行动起来;使……生效;使……开始工作
7.come up with想出,想到;提出
[高考溯源] (2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)
Who came up with the idea of going rock climbing (想出,想到)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/语境串词
(1)①I’m afraid I’ll have to cancel our date—something has come 　　　　.
②The number of the students who sign up for the activity has come 　　　　 1,000.
(2)③昨天我在街上碰见一位老朋友。他说他的新书会在下个月出版。我祝贺他梦想成真。我们还谈到了那天发生的事故。那名司机来自一个贫穷的家庭。我们只希望那名司机能挺过这场事故。当谈及那位司机的时候,我的老朋友提出了一个建议:我们可以帮他一把。
I 　　　　　　　　an old friend in the street yesterday.He said his new book would 　　　　　
　　　 next month.I congratulated him on his dream 　　　　　　　　.We also talked about the accident that 　　　　　　　　 that day.The driver 　　　　　　　　 a poor family.We only hoped that the driver could 　　　　　　　 it.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that driver,my old friend 　　　　　　　　　　　　 a proposal that we could lend him a hand.
come up 走近;上来;发芽;发生;被提出
come about 发生
come across 穿过(路、桥);(偶然)遇见;发现
come out 出来;(书等)出版,发行
come to 苏醒;总计;达到;谈到
when it comes to 当谈到,当说起
come from 来自;源自
come through 安然渡过(难关等);经历
come true 实现;成为现实
8.cut back on削减,缩减
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①People used to cut 　　　　 trees,but now they plant more.
②Sorry to cut　　　　 on you,but there are two things I don’t understand.
③She cut　　　　a piece of meat and cut it　　　　 to make dumplings.
④Car owners were asked to cut 　　　　 travel to reduce carbon emission.
(2)⑤我通常抄近路穿过公园去上学,这样能帮我节省时间。
I usually　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to get to school,which helps me save time.
cut across/through 抄近路穿过
cut in (on) 插嘴,打断(谈话)
cut off 切断(供应);中断(电话通话等);断绝;切掉
cut down 砍倒;削减;减少
cut up 切碎
1.leave+宾语+宾语补足语
[教材原句] Well,say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth...
比方说你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流……
[高考溯源](2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
No matter where I buy them,one steamer is rarely enough,yet two seems greedy,so I am always left wanting more next time.(使……处于某种状态)
[语境运用] 完成句子
①他们走了,留下我一个人孤零零地坐在那里。(读后续写之动作描写)
They walked off and 　　　　　　　　　　　　 all by myself.
②她说突然的变化使她不知所措。(读后续写之情绪描写)
She said that the sudden change 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
③记住,你不应该半途而废。(读后续写之主题升华)
Keep in mind that you shouldn’t 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
④那个意想不到的消息使我们都很吃惊,我们担心原定的周末旅行的计划会泡汤。(读后续写之情绪描写)
The unexpected news　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and we worried that our planned weekend trip would fall through.
⑤当听到那场大火使他成了一个孤儿后,我们非常同情他,决定做点事情来帮他一把。(读后续写之情绪描写)
When hearing that the fire　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,we felt sorry for him and decided to do something to help him out.
2.there seems/is a chance that...(似乎)有机会……
[教材原句] Although there seemed only a slim chance that the trees could survive,the difficulty did not prevent her from trying.
尽管这些树存活的机会看起来似乎很渺茫,但困难并没有阻止她去尝试。
[语境运用] 一句多译/完成句子
(1)如果我们通力合作的话,我们队就有可能赢得比赛。
① 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　 if we work together.(chances are that)
② 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 if we work together.(the chance is that)
③ 　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　 if we work together.(there is a chance that)
(2)④他不可能在这么短的时间内完成这么繁重的一项任务。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 he can finish such a heavy task in such a short time.
⑤请给我一个报答你的机会。
Please 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 you.
[教材原句] The whole purpose of Roots & Shoots is ①to educate young people,from pre-schoolers to university students,②so they can help to build a future ③that is secure and live together in peace with nature.
“根与芽”的整体目的是教育年轻人,从学龄前儿童到大学生,这样他们就可以帮助建立一个稳定的未来,并与自然和平共处。
分析:句①为动词不定式作　　　　;句②是so连接的表示　　　　关系的并列句;句③是that引导的　　　　　　,修饰先行词a future。
[语境运用] 场景句式练习
①这次活动的目的是教育高一到高三的学生,这样他们就可以提高环保意识,帮助建设一个更加绿色的未来。
②我们城市计划于下周五进行一项活动,这次活动旨在教育每一个市民,从老人到年轻人,这样人们就能够提高对城市文明的热情,并且生活在一个大家都能和谐共处的环境中。
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Most people suffer from 1.　　　　 is known as “Just-me-ism”.Maybe in your opinion,it doesn’t matter if you leave the tap 2.　　　　(run) while you brush your teeth or drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered 3.　　　　(pick) it up.It wouldn’t matter if there were just a few people in the world.But just think of all the millions of people saying to themselves:“It doesn’t matter.It’s just me.And,anyway,no one knows.” Millions of gallons of water would be wasted and millions of pieces of litter would be dropped,and all of this would be very 4.　　　　 (harm).To inspire young people to take action for the environment,animals and their community,Roots & Shoots 5.　　　　(establish) by Dr.Jane Goodall.The whole purpose of Roots & Shoots is to educate young people to help to build a future that is secure and live together 6.　　　　 peace with nature.The roots and shoots are you,your friends and young people all around the world,
7.　　　　 can solve the problems,change the world and make it a 8.　　　　(good) place to live in.Jane Goodall believes that the most important thing is that:“Every individual 9.　　　　(matter).Every individual has a role to play.Every individual makes a 10.　　　　(differ).”
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.(2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)“The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice,” Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay,an environmental engineer at the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not 　　　　(involve) in the research,tells New Scientist.
2.(2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of 　　　　 (globe) CO2 emissions (排放).
3.(2024·全国甲卷)For 10 months every year,the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks,before returning to the 　　　　(region) capital to refuel and restock (补给).
4.(2024·北京卷)Then,projects like the Belt and Road Initiative make a good topic to discuss because it showcases China’s 　　　　(determine) to build a shared future with the world.
5.(2024·北京卷)My adviser and I devised (想出) a somewhat unusual 　　　　(solve):I would spend three months in a collaborating (合作的) lab to obtain specialised training.
6.(2024·北京卷)Instead,they　　　　(root) in the similarity of basic human needs and our shared mechanisms for learning and problem solving.
7.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time,and if the past is any 　　　　(indicate),he may be right: Since 1982,membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700.
8.(2024·浙江1月卷)The doubt about cloud seeding has 　　　　(disappear).
9.(2023·全国甲卷)His teachings shaped the moral and ethical　　　　(found) of Chinese culture,fostering respect for authority,harmonious relationships,and the pursuit of knowledge.
10.(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Naming each nature experience creates a usable language,which helps people recognize and take part　　　　 the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them.
11.Everyone of us should do our part　 　 making our school a better place to study and live in.
12.　　　　 occurred to me that I should have paid a visit to the Great Wall when I was in Beijing.
假设你是晨光中学的李津,你将参加主题为“Let’s Ride Bicycles”的英语演讲比赛。请撰写一份演讲稿。
1.随着科技的发展,作为主要运输工具的汽车的数量不断增加。(transport)
2.它们造成了一些严重的问题,如污染物的排放和交通堵塞。(pollutant)
3.它们似乎已经成为全球气候变暖最大的原因之一。(global)
4.我们应该采取行动来解决这些问题。(take action to do sth)
5.骑自行车是一个很好的解决方案。(solution)
6.只有这样做,我们才能建立起一种低碳的生活方式。(low-carbon)
[句式升级]
1.将第2、第3句用“not only...but also...”合并为一句。
2.将第6句改为倒装句。
[连句成篇]
　　用过渡性词语或句子把上述句子连接成一篇短文,保持句意通顺,情节完整。过渡性词语或句子加黑。
1.be exposed to the four winds of heaven四面受风
2.be unbearably hot酷暑难耐
3.in the blinding rain在茫茫大雨中
4.be bathed in sunshine晒日光浴
5.a timely/seasonable rain及时雨/合时令的雨
6.be covered with thick snow 被厚厚的雪覆盖
7.be darkened with gloomy clouds被乌云笼罩
8.pour with rain 大雨滂沱
9.a blanket of fog 厚厚的一层雾
10.peals of thunder 隆隆雷声
11.be hit/struck by heavy snow 遭受大雪的袭击
12.driving rain 倾盆大雨
13.a fierce/heavy storm 狂风暴雨
1.It is fine today.The sky is cloudlessly blue.
今天是个碧空如洗的好天气。
2.Thunder rolled in the distance.
远处雷声隆隆。
3.The dark clouds were packed with tons of water,ready to pour out anytime.
乌云中挤满了成吨的雨水,雨水随时准备倾泻而下。
4.The rain came pouring down,the streams rose,and the wind blew and beat against the house.
大雨倾盆而下,河水上涨,风吹打着房子。
5.The sky was darkened with gloomy clouds and the whole world seemed to be enveloped in a huge gray quilt.
天空乌云密布,整个世界仿佛被一条巨大的灰色被子笼罩着。
6.Last night there came a terrific storm,with driving rain,claps of thunder and blinding sheets of lightning.
昨天夜里来了一场可怕的暴风雨,大雨滂沱,电闪雷鸣。
7.What amazed me most was that thick clouds enveloped the mountainsides.
最让我吃惊的是,厚厚的云层笼罩着山腰。
8.The scenery along the journey is just like a breathtaking landscape painting.
沿途的风景就像一幅令人惊叹的山水画。UNIT 8　GREEN LIVING
1.involve vt.参与;包含
involved adj.复杂的;有关的,涉及的
involvement n.参与;介入;插手
[高考溯源](2024·北京卷)
The mechanism involves a repurposed reward system originally used to develop habits important for self-care.(vt.包含,包括)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①I ask you not to get 　　　　 (involve) in this kind of matter.It’s none of your business.
②He found a job as a high school teacher which involves 　　　　 (spend) quite a lot of time with students.
③In a recent book,he advocated more government　　　　 (involve) in health care.
④(2024·北京卷)Since there are many factors 　　　　(involve) in the pairing process,not all students who sign up will be matched with a partner and be able to register for the programme.
(2)⑤政府应该设法让尽可能多的公民参与到保护环境中来。
The government should try to the environment.
⑥参与保护海洋的人越多,海洋环境就越好。
　　　　　　,the better the ocean environment will be.
【答案】 (1)①involved　②spending　③involvement
④involved　(2)⑤involve as many citizens as possible in protecting　⑥The more people are involved in protecting the ocean
·involve sb in (doing) sth 使某人参与(做)某事;使某人牵扯进某事中
involve doing sth 包括做某事;需要做某事
·get/be involved in 被卷入……之中;热衷于;专心于;参与
be/get involved with sb/sth 与某人关系亲密;和某事有密切联系
involved意为“复杂的”时,常作前置定语;意为“有关的,涉及的”时,常作后置定语,如:an involved plot 复杂的情节,the people involved有关的人/涉及的人。
2.occur vi.发生
occurrence n.发生的事,事件;发生,出现(尤指意外且令人不快的事)
[高考溯源] (2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well.(vi.发生)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)①After I calmed down,an idea 　　　　(occur) to me that we should first find the exit of the building.
②It never occurred 　　　　 her that such a minor mistake would cause her to lose her job.
③(2022·北京卷)Tracking of 150 biochemicals in food has been important in revealing the relationships between calories,sugar,fat and the 　　　　(occur) of common diseases.
(2)我从来没有想到你能成功说服他改变主意。
④ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.(occur)
⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.(hit)
⑥　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.(strike)
【答案】 (1)①occurred　②to　③occurrence
(2)④It never occurred to me that　⑤It never hit me that　⑥It never struck me that
sth occurs to/hits/strikes sb某人突然想起某事
It occurs to/strikes/hits sb that...某人突然想起……
It occurs to sb to do sth某人突然想到要做某事
3.majority n.大多数
major n.主修科目,专业
v.主修,专攻
adj.主要的;重要的;主修的
minority n.少数,少数派
[高考溯源] (2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
Although these campaigns were widespread,the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car.(n.大多数)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①It’s by no means accidental that women are 　　　　 the majority in the nursing and teaching professions.
②One-third of the country is covered with trees and the majority of the citizens 　　　　 (be) African Americans.
③School is our second home where we spend the 　　　　(major) of time living and learning.
④You should major　　　　 computer science in the future if you are so interested in it.
⑤The majority　　　　 (be) in favour of banning smoking at the discussion yesterday.
(2)⑥达成这项协议似乎是不可能的,因为大多数委员会成员反对该协议。
An agreement seems to be impossible because 　　　　　　　　　　　 the committee members are against it.
【答案】 (1)①in　②are　③majority　④in
⑤was/were　(2)⑥the/a majority of
·a/the majority of... 大多数……
be in the/a majority 占大部分/大多数
·major in 主修
·be in the/a minority 占少部分/少数
a/the majority of+名词,表示“大多数……”,作主语时,谓语动词的数与of后面的名词相一致;the majority单独作主语时,谓语动词用单复数均可。
4.sum vt.概括,总结
n.金额;总和
summarise vt.总结,概括
summary n.总结,概括,概要
[高考溯源](2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)
They surveyed several hundred park-goers,asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park.(n.总结,概要)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)①At the end of the class,our teacher let us sum 　　　　 the main idea of the article.
②At the end of your speech,try to 　　　　(sum) your most important points in slightly different words from the ones you used in your opening.
③In 　　　　 (sum),I insist that you should take the opinions of the people from the UK into consideration,and end this practice immediately.
(2)总而言之,他们在这届奥运会上表现得相当出色。
④　　　　　　　　,they performed perfectly in this Olympic Games.(sum)
⑤　　　　　　　　,they performed perfectly in this Olympic Games.(summary)
⑥　　　　　　　　,they performed perfectly in this Olympic Games.(summarise)
【答案】 (1)①up　②summarise　③summary
(2)④To sum up/In sum　⑤In summary　⑥To summarise
·sum up/sum sth up 总计;概括
to sum up=in sum 总之
·a large sum of/large sums of 许多,大量
·in summary 总之,总的来说
·to summarise 简而言之
表示“总之”的结构还有:
in a word 简言之,总之
in short 简言之,总之
in brief 简言之,总之
in conclusion 总而言之;综上所述
all in all 总而言之,总的来说
5.do my part for sth 尽自己所能做某事
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/语境串词
(1)①No one could imagine the part computers would play 　　　　 our daily life and work in the past.
②　　　　 the most part,however,we breathe in the fresh air which surrounds us without being consciously aware of its importance to us.
③It is selling very well,　　　　 part because the packaging is so attractive.
④As far as I’m concerned,everyone of us should do our part 　　　　 protecting our environment.
⑤(2024·全国甲卷)Students who do not wish to take part 　　　　 the event for religious or other reasons should inform their teacher,and they will be allowed to stay in the office until after the event.
(2)⑥在我看来,环境污染在一定程度上是因为我们的人类活动,因此,我们应该尽我们所能来保护环境。我们可以参加一系列的活动。例如,我们通常可以乘坐公共交通而不是开车去上班。我相信,我们可以在使我们的地球变得更美好方面发挥重要的作用。
In my opinion,environmental pollution is 　　　　　　　　 due to our human activities,so we should　　　　　　　　　　　　 protecting our environment.We can　　　　　　　　　　 a series of activities.For example,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,we can take public transportation instead of driving cars to work.I am sure we can　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 making our Earth a better place.
【答案】 (1)①in　②For　③in　④for　⑤in
(2)⑥in part/partly;do our part for;take part in;for the most part;play an important part in
do one’s part to do sth=do one’s part for (doing) sth 竭尽所能做某事;为(做)某事竭尽所能
take part (in) 参加
play a part in 参与;在……中发挥作用
for the most part 多半,通常
in part=partly 部分地;在一定程度上
6.take action采取行动
[高考溯源](2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)
Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives,we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future,and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in.(采取行动)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)①The new plan for traffic control is being put 　　　　 action on an experiment basis.
②Now,lots of countries and regions are taking action 　　　　(ban) the sale of single-use plastic bags to stop people using them.
③Action must 　　　　(take) to save the species from dying out.
④So far,visitors to the theme park have been excited to see the birds 　　　　 action.
(2)我们是时候改掉这些坏习惯并且采取行动保护环境了。
⑤It’s time we got rid of these bad habits and　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(take action)
⑥It’s time we got rid of these bad habits and　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(take measures)
⑦It’s time we got rid of these bad habits and　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(take steps)
【答案】 (1)①into　②to ban　③be taken　④in　(2)⑤took action to protect the environment
⑥took measures to protect the environment
⑦took steps to protect the environment
take action to do sth=take measures/steps to do sth 采取措施做某事;采取行动做某事
in action 在运转;在活动中
out of action 失去作用;不能工作
put/call/bring...into action 使……行动起来;使……生效;使……开始工作
7.come up with想出,想到;提出
[高考溯源] (2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)
Who came up with the idea of going rock climbing (想出,想到)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/语境串词
(1)①I’m afraid I’ll have to cancel our date—something has come 　　　　.
②The number of the students who sign up for the activity has come 　　　　 1,000.
(2)③昨天我在街上碰见一位老朋友。他说他的新书会在下个月出版。我祝贺他梦想成真。我们还谈到了那天发生的事故。那名司机来自一个贫穷的家庭。我们只希望那名司机能挺过这场事故。当谈及那位司机的时候,我的老朋友提出了一个建议:我们可以帮他一把。
I 　　　　　　　　an old friend in the street yesterday.He said his new book would 　　　　　　　　 next month.I congratulated him on his dream 　　　　　　　　.We also talked about the accident that 　　　　　　　　 that day.The driver 　　　　　　　　 a poor family.We only hoped that the driver could 　　　　　　　　 it.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that driver,my old friend 　　　　　　　　　　　　 a proposal that we could lend him a hand.
【答案】 (1)①up/about　②to　(2)③came across;come out;coming true;came about/up;came from;come through;When it came to;came up with
come up 走近;上来;发芽;发生;被提出
come about 发生
come across 穿过(路、桥);(偶然)遇见;发现
come out 出来;(书等)出版,发行
come to 苏醒;总计;达到;谈到
when it comes to 当谈到,当说起
come from 来自;源自
come through 安然渡过(难关等);经历
come true 实现;成为现实
8.cut back on削减,缩减
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①People used to cut 　　　　 trees,but now they plant more.
②Sorry to cut　　　　 on you,but there are two things I don’t understand.
③She cut　　　　a piece of meat and cut it　　　　 to make dumplings.
④Car owners were asked to cut 　　　　 travel to reduce carbon emission.
(2)⑤我通常抄近路穿过公园去上学,这样能帮我节省时间。
I usually　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to get to school,which helps me save time.
【答案】 (1)①down　②in　③off;up　④down
(2)⑤cut across/through the park
cut across/through 抄近路穿过
cut in (on) 插嘴,打断(谈话)
cut off 切断(供应);中断(电话通话等);断绝;切掉
cut down 砍倒;削减;减少
cut up 切碎
1.leave+宾语+宾语补足语
[教材原句] Well,say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth...
比方说你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流……
[高考溯源](2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
No matter where I buy them,one steamer is rarely enough,yet two seems greedy,so I am always left wanting more next time.(使……处于某种状态)
[语境运用] 完成句子
①他们走了,留下我一个人孤零零地坐在那里。(读后续写之动作描写)
They walked off and 　　　　　　　　　　　　 all by myself.
②她说突然的变化使她不知所措。(读后续写之情绪描写)
She said that the sudden change 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
③记住,你不应该半途而废。(读后续写之主题升华)
Keep in mind that you shouldn’t 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
④那个意想不到的消息使我们都很吃惊,我们担心原定的周末旅行的计划会泡汤。(读后续写之情绪描写)
The unexpected news　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and we worried that our planned weekend trip would fall through.
⑤当听到那场大火使他成了一个孤儿后,我们非常同情他,决定做点事情来帮他一把。(读后续写之情绪描写)
When hearing that the fire　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,we felt sorry for him and decided to do something to help him out.
【答案】 ①left me sitting there　②left her at a loss
③leave the work half done　④left us all astonished
⑤had left him an orphan
2.there seems/is a chance that...(似乎)有机会……
[教材原句] Although there seemed only a slim chance that the trees could survive,the difficulty did not prevent her from trying.
尽管这些树存活的机会看起来似乎很渺茫,但困难并没有阻止她去尝试。
[语境运用] 一句多译/完成句子
(1)如果我们通力合作的话,我们队就有可能赢得比赛。
① 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 if we work together.(chances are that)
② 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 if we work together.(the chance is that)
③ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 if we work together.(there is a chance that)
(2)④他不可能在这么短的时间内完成这么繁重的一项任务。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 he can finish such a heavy task in such a short time.
⑤请给我一个报答你的机会。
Please 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 you.
【答案】 (1)①Chances are that our team can win the game　②The chance is that our team can win the game　③There is a chance that our team can win the game　(2)④There is no chance/possibility that
⑤give me a chance to do something in return for/give me a chance to repay
[教材原句] The whole purpose of Roots & Shoots is ①to educate young people,from pre-schoolers to university students,②so they can help to build a future ③that is secure and live together in peace with nature.
“根与芽”的整体目的是教育年轻人,从学龄前儿童到大学生,这样他们就可以帮助建立一个稳定的未来,并与自然和平共处。
分析:句①为动词不定式作表语;句②是so连接的表示因果关系的并列句;句③是that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词a future。
[语境运用] 场景句式练习
①这次活动的目的是教育高一到高三的学生,这样他们就可以提高环保意识,帮助建设一个更加绿色的未来。
The purpose of this activity is to educate students from senior one to senior three,so they can raise their awareness of environmental protection and help to build a future that is much greener.
②我们城市计划于下周五进行一项活动,这次活动旨在教育每一个市民,从老人到年轻人,这样人们就能够提高对城市文明的热情,并且生活在一个大家都能和谐共处的环境中。
The purpose of the activity scheduled to be held in our city next Friday is to educate every citizen from the elderly to the young,so people can boost their enthusiasm about urban civilisation and live in an environment where people can live together in harmony.
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Most people suffer from 1.　　　　 is known as “Just-me-ism”.Maybe in your opinion,it doesn’t matter if you leave the tap 2.　　　　(run) while you brush your teeth or drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered 3.　　　　(pick) it up.It wouldn’t matter if there were just a few people in the world.But just think of all the millions of people saying to themselves:“It doesn’t matter.It’s just me.And,anyway,no one knows.”Millions of gallons of water would be wasted and millions of pieces of litter would be dropped,and all of this would be very 4.　　　　(harm).To inspire young people to take action for the environment,animals and their community,Roots & Shoots 5.　　　　(establish) by Dr.Jane Goodall.The whole purpose of Roots & Shoots is to educate young people to help to build a future that is secure and live together 6.　　　　 peace with nature.The roots and shoots are you,your friends and young people all around the world,7.　　　　 can solve the problems,change the world and make it a 8.　　　　(good) place to live in.Jane Goodall believes that the most important thing is that:“Every individual 9.　　　　(matter).Every individual has a role to play.Every individual makes a 10.　　　　(differ).”
【答案】 1.what　2.running　3.to pick　4.harmful　5.was established　6.in　7.who　8.better　9.matters
10.difference
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.(2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)“The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice,” Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay,an environmental engineer at the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not 　　　　(involve) in the research,tells New Scientist.
2.(2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of 　　　　 (globe) CO2 emissions (排放).
3.(2024·全国甲卷)For 10 months every year,the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks,before returning to the 　　　　(region) capital to refuel and restock (补给).
4.(2024·北京卷)Then,projects like the Belt and Road Initiative make a good topic to discuss because it showcases China’s 　　　　(determine) to build a shared future with the world.
5.(2024·北京卷)My adviser and I devised (想出) a somewhat unusual 　　　　(solve):I would spend three months in a collaborating (合作的) lab to obtain specialised training.
6.(2024·北京卷)Instead,they　　　　(root) in the similarity of basic human needs and our shared mechanisms for learning and problem solving.
7.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time,and if the past is any 　　　　(indicate),he may be right: Since 1982,membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700.
8.(2024·浙江1月卷)The doubt about cloud seeding has 　　　　(disappear).
9.(2023·全国甲卷)His teachings shaped the moral and ethical　　　　(found) of Chinese culture,fostering respect for authority,harmonious relationships,and the pursuit of knowledge.
10.(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Naming each nature experience creates a usable language,which helps people recognize and take part　　　　 the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them.
11.Everyone of us should do our part　　　　 making our school a better place to study and live in.
12.　　　　 occurred to me that I should have paid a visit to the Great Wall when I was in Beijing.
【答案】1.involved　2.global　3.regional　4.determination　5.solution　6.are rooted　7.indication　8.disappeared　9.foundation　10.in　11.for　12.It
假设你是晨光中学的李津,你将参加主题为“Let’s Ride Bicycles”的英语演讲比赛。请撰写一份演讲稿。
1.随着科技的发展,作为主要运输工具的汽车的数量不断增加。(transport)
With the development of science and technology,the number of cars,which are the main means of transport,is increasing.
2.它们造成了一些严重的问题,如污染物的排放和交通堵塞。(pollutant)
They have caused some serious problems,such as the discharge of pollutants and traffic jams.
3.它们似乎已经成为全球气候变暖最大的原因之一。(global)
They seem to have become one of the biggest causes of global warming.
4.我们应该采取行动来解决这些问题。(take action to do sth)
We should take action to solve the problems.
5.骑自行车是一个很好的解决方案。(solution)
Riding bicycles is a good solution.
6.只有这样做,我们才能建立起一种低碳的生活方式。(low-carbon)
We can establish a low-carbon lifestyle only in this way.
[句式升级]
1.将第2、第3句用“not only...but also...”合并为一句。
They have not only caused some serious problems,such as the discharge of pollutants and traffic jams,but also seem to have become one of the biggest causes of global warming.
2.将第6句改为倒装句。
Only in this way can we establish a low-carbon lifestyle.
[连句成篇]
　　用过渡性词语或句子把上述句子连接成一篇短文,保持句意通顺,情节完整。过渡性词语或句子加黑。
Good morning,everyone.
I’m Li Jin,a student from Chenguang Middle School.I am honoured to have the chance to give a speech on “Let’s Ride Bicycles”.
With the development of science and technology,the number of cars,which are the main means of transport,is increasing.Indeed,cars make our life much more convenient.However,they have not only caused some serious problems,such as the discharge of pollutants and traffic jams,but also seem to have become one of the biggest causes of global warming.So we should take action to solve the problems.As far as I’m concerned,riding bicycles is a good solution.For one thing,bicycles don’t need any petrol and are energy-saving and environmentally friendly.For another,riding bicycles is a good way of taking exercise and is of great benefit to our health.Therefore,let’s ride bicycles together.Only in this way can we establish a low-carbon lifestyle.
Thank you!
1.be exposed to the four winds of heaven四面受风
2.be unbearably hot酷暑难耐
3.in the blinding rain在茫茫大雨中
4.be bathed in sunshine晒日光浴
5.a timely/seasonable rain及时雨/合时令的雨
6.be covered with thick snow 被厚厚的雪覆盖
7.be darkened with gloomy clouds被乌云笼罩
8.pour with rain 大雨滂沱
9.a blanket of fog 厚厚的一层雾
10.peals of thunder 隆隆雷声
11.be hit/struck by heavy snow 遭受大雪的袭击
12.driving rain 倾盆大雨
13.a fierce/heavy storm 狂风暴雨
1.It is fine today.The sky is cloudlessly blue.
今天是个碧空如洗的好天气。
2.Thunder rolled in the distance.
远处雷声隆隆。
3.The dark clouds were packed with tons of water,ready to pour out anytime.
乌云中挤满了成吨的雨水,雨水随时准备倾泻而下。
4.The rain came pouring down,the streams rose,and the wind blew and beat against the house.
大雨倾盆而下,河水上涨,风吹打着房子。
5.The sky was darkened with gloomy clouds and the whole world seemed to be enveloped in a huge gray quilt.
天空乌云密布,整个世界仿佛被一条巨大的灰色被子笼罩着。
6.Last night there came a terrific storm,with driving rain,claps of thunder and blinding sheets of lightning.
昨天夜里来了一场可怕的暴风雨,大雨滂沱,电闪雷鸣。
7.What amazed me most was that thick clouds enveloped the mountainsides.
最让我吃惊的是,厚厚的云层笼罩着山腰。
8.The scenery along the journey is just like a breathtaking landscape painting.
沿途的风景就像一幅令人惊叹的山水画。UNIT 9　LEARNING
1.reflect vi.& vt.仔细思考;表达(意见);反映;映出(影像)
reflection n.沉思;想法;反射
reflective adj.深思的;(指物体表面)反射的,反光的
[高考溯源] (2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy,according to Tu Ningning,who is in charge of the exhibition.(v.反映)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①My face 　　　　(reflect) in the water clearly when I was pondering on the bank.
②While the news at first shocked me,　　　　reflection it made perfect sense.
③(2024·新高考全国 Ⅰ 卷)However,for maximizing learning where mental focus and 　　　　(reflect) are called for,educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same,even when they contain identical words.
(2)④一个人的自我概念反映在他或她的行为方式上。
A person’s self-concept 　　　　　　　　　　 the way he or she behaves.
⑤对于我们来说,利用历史的教训,反思过去,展望未来并砥砺前行是很重要的。
It is important for us to draw on the lessons of history,　　　　　　　　　　　　,look forward to the future and press forward.
·reflect...in...在……中映出……的影像
be reflected in倒映在;反映在
reflect on/upon sth思考/反省某事
·on reflection经再三考虑,仔细考虑
without reflection不假思索
a reflection on/of ……的反映/映射
2.argue vi.争论,争吵;认为
argument n.争论,争辩;论点
[高考溯源](2024·北京卷)
The 18th-century philosopher Kant argued that the universe ultimately consists of things-in- themselves that are unknowable.(vi.认为)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)①Some students argue　　　　the use of mobile phones in school,while most parents and teachers argue　　　　 it.
②In the last class,we argued　　　　 each other 　　　　whether online shops can replace physical ones.
③While having the meeting,he got into an 　　　　(argue) with the workmate who bumped into him.
④It is 　　　　 argument that there are still millions of people leading a hard life with hunger and coldness.
(2)我的父母一直说服我挑战自己,对此我非常感激。
⑤My parents have always 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,for which I’m really grateful.(argue)
⑥My parents have always 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,for which I’m really grateful.(persuade)
⑦My parents have always　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,for which I’m really grateful.(talk)
·argue for...为……而争论;为……而辩护
argue against争辩;反对
argue with sb on/about/over sth与某人争辩某事
argue/persuade/talk sb into/out of doing sth说服某人做/不做某事
argue that...主张……;认为……
·beyond argument无可争辩
have an argument with sb on/over/about sth与某人争辩某事
get into an argument with sb跟某人争论
3.assume vt.认为;假定,假设
assumption n.假定,假设
assuming conj.假定,假如
[高考溯源] (2025·浙江1月卷)
For instance,if an object’s name was meant to sound genderless,like Miuu,participants would still assign a gender to it—they would assume Miuu was a “he” or “she”.(v.认为)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①I assume reading widely 　　　　(be) a good method of getting knowledge.
②　　　　 (assume) we make $5,000 every month,it won’t take long for us to pay off the debt.
③(2024·浙江1月卷)It would have been easy to rely on my 　　　　(assume) about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home.
(2)④人们普遍认为应该重视疾病预防。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 stress should be laid on disease prevention.
⑤我们假定每个被邀请的人都会出席并且正就此做出安排。
We are making arrangements 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 everyone invited will turn up.
·assume sb/sth to be...假定/假设某人/某事(物)为……
assume (that...) 假定/假设/认为……
It is assumed that...人们认为……
·make an assumption about/that认为;假定
on the assumption that...假定……;在假定……的情况下
·assuming (that)...假设/假定……
“假设,如果”的表达还有if...;supposing/suppose (that)...;providing/provided (that)...;on condition that...;in case (that)...等。
4.exist vi.存在;实际上有
existence n.存在;生存
existing adj.现存的;现行的
[高考溯源] (2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
Batteries are energy-efficient and electric cars can plug into existing systems and services.(adj.现存的;现行的)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①There is no road ahead of us but road will come into 　　 　(exist) after we walk through.
②Does life exist　　　　 Mars
③It was said that this was the only copy of the book 　　　　 existence.
④(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected,bringing many of the 　　　　(exist) protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
(2)⑤关于这个领域的研究还存在着一些问题,如缺乏相关的知识等。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 about the research in this field,such as lack of relevant knowledge and so on.
⑥虽然困难存在于我们的日常生活中,但我们不应该害怕它们。
Although difficulties 　　　　　　 　　,we shouldn’t be afraid of them.
·exist in存在于……(相当于 lie in)
exist on依靠……生存;依靠……生活
There exist/exists/existed...有……,存在着……
·come into existence/being开始存在;产生;形成
in existence存在的;现存的;现有的
5.impression n.印象;感想
impress vt.打动,使印象深刻;使铭记,使牢记
impressive adj.令人钦佩的;令人难忘的
[高考溯源](2024·全国甲卷)
“I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned,” says Ducke.(vt.打动,使印象深刻)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/语境串词/一句多译
(1)①For many foreigners who have visited or worked in China,one of their strong 　　　　 (impress) is that the country is very safe.
②　　　　 (impress) by the speech,she made up her mind to work even harder in the future.
③China’s rich culture,beautiful scenery and especially its enthusiastic people left a deep impression　　　　 me,all of which made me feel at home.
④(2024·全国甲卷)Cats have many heightened senses,but their sense of smell is quite 　　　　(impress).
(2)⑤He made such an 　　　　 speech last night,where he 　　　　 us with the importance of learning English well,which left a deep 　　　　 on us.All of those present at the meeting were 　　　　 by him.(impress)
(3)父亲说的话使我深刻地认识到诚实和善良的重要性。
⑥What my father said
　.
(impress sth on/upon sb)
⑦What my father said
　.
(impress sb with sth)
·impress sb with sth=impress sth on/upon sb使某人牢记某事
be impressed with/by/at...对……印象深刻
·leave/make an impression on/upon sb 给某人留下深刻印象
6.beyond prep.超出……范围;在(或向)……较远的一边;晚于,迟于;除……之外
[高考溯源](2024·全国甲卷)
Prof.Gracie,with all his patience,asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not.(prep.除……之外)
[语境运用] 一词多义/完成句子
(1)①The road continues beyond the village up into the hills.　　　　　　　
②I know what I’ll be doing for the next three weeks but I haven’t thought beyond that.　　　　
③Our success was far beyond what we thought possible.　　　　　　　
(2)④那个孩子够不到这个电灯开关。
This light switch is 　　 　　.
⑤山的那一边是边境地带。
　　　　　　　　　　　 is the border territory.
⑥晚会一直持续到午夜以后。
The party went on until 　　　　　　　　　　.
beyond midnight午夜以后
beyond compare无与伦比
beyond one’s power是某人力所不能及的
beyond belief/doubt难以置信/毫无疑问
It’s beyond sb why...某人无法理解为什么……
beyond one’s reach某人够不到的
beyond recognition认不出来
7.recommend vt.推荐;建议
recommendation n.推荐;推荐信
[高考溯源] (2025·浙江1月卷)
Instead,she recommends applying a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the “Division of Responsibility,” where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times...(vt.建议)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①I highly recommend 　　　　(visit)this exhibition.I am sure you will learn a lot about Chinese culture and art.
②I recommend you　　　　(take) the high-speed railway to Beijing,because it is very convenient.
③I hope my 　　　　(recommend) can provide some reference for you and wish you a delightful journey in China.
(2)④得知你对中国食物感兴趣,我想向你推荐四川火锅。
Learning that you’re interested in Chinese food,I’d like to　 you.
⑤我建议你阅读一些简化的经典文学作品,比如用简单英语写的短篇故事和小说。
I recommend that 　　　　　　　　 some simplified classic literature works,such as short stories and novels written in simple English.
·recommend sth to sb向某人推荐某物
recommend sb as/to be推荐某人担任……
recommend sb to do sth建议/劝告某人做某事
recommend doing sth建议做某事
recommend that...(should) do...
建议……(应该)做……
·a letter of recommendation一封推荐信
后接宾语从句时,从句中的谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”的常见动词有:
8.acquire vt.学习,获得(知识,技能)
acquired adj.后天的;逐渐习得的;习惯的
acquisition n.(知识、技能等的)获得,得到
[高考溯源](2024·北京卷)
My adviser saw this experience as a groundbreaking success,emphasising the collaborating skills I acquired.(vt.获得)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①(2024·北京卷)Our brains use the system 　　　　(acquire) behavioural patterns regarding safe routes home,efficient food gathering and dangers to avoid.
②Life is a process about the　　　　(acquire) of knowledge,wealth and happiness.
③Our conclusions are based on all 　　　　(acquire) knowledge,rather than on guesses or imagination.
(2)④她的英语已经学得很好了,这一切都是她努力的结果。
She 　 ,
which is the result of her hard work.
⑤语言习得是一个漫长的过程,这需要决心和耐心。
　,
which requires determination and patience.
9.expose vt.使接触;使体验;暴露;揭露
exposure n.暴露;揭露;接触
exposed adj.(指地方)无遮蔽的;不遮挡风雨的
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)①　　　　 (expose) to computer games too much will do harm to both our physical and mental health.
②Students should 　　　　(expose) to as much traditional culture as possible so that they can spread it to other corners of the world in the future.
③(2024·九省联考)Variety in diet and toys,travel,and 　　　　(expose) to new people and places all help to make your bird more flexible and adaptable to change.
(2)因为我是中国人,所以我和丈夫希望我们的孩子能接触中国的语言和文化。
④Because I am Chinese,my husband and I want our children to 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　.(expose...to...)
⑤Because I am Chinese,my husband and I want our children to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　.(be exposed to)
·expose...to...把……暴露在……下,使……接触……
expose sth to sb向某人揭发/揭露某事
·be exposed to 接触……;暴露于……
10.work out 弄懂某事物;计算出;锻炼;产生效果;解决;制定
[高考溯源] (2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)
Determined to turn her life around,Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a healthy lifestyle,before discovering a passion for weightlifting.(锻炼)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/写出下列句子中work out的含义
(1)①Work 　　　　 the problems that make you feel stressed and avoid them.
②(2023·全国乙卷)Born to a Jewish family in Florence,she moved to Paris where she worked
　　　　 a physician and performed surgery.
(2)③The teacher can help you work out a training plan and keep you active.　　　　　　　
④I want to follow David’s example but it never worked out for me.　　　　　　　
⑤With such busy lives,it can be hard to try to find the time to work out.　　　　　　　
⑥It doesn’t take much brain to work out that both stories can’t be true.　　　　　　　
⑦Whoever can work out the complex problem will be praised by our teacher.　　　　　　　
·work on 从事(某工作);致力于
work (hard) at (努力)学习;(认真)做
work with 与……共事/合作
work as 作为/担任(某职务)
·at work 在工作;上班
out of work 失业
11.as a result作为结果
[高考溯源](2024·浙江1月卷)
As a result,since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project.(作为结果)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)①(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)When enough of these errors are averaged together,they cancel each other out,　　　　 (result) in a more accurate estimate.
②(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as 　　　　 result of the classes.
(2)懒人是学不好英语的。因此,是他的懒惰导致了他英语考试的失败。
③Lazy people can’t learn English well.He is lazy.　　　　　　　　,he failed in the English exam.
④Lazy people can’t learn English well.He failed in the English exam 　　　　　　　　　　　　his laziness.
⑤Lazy people can’t learn English well,so it was his laziness that　　　　　　　　 his failure in the English exam.
⑥Lazy people can’t learn English well,so his failure in the English exam　　　　　　　　 his laziness.
·as a result of 因为;由于
without result 徒劳;毫无结果
·result in 导致;造成;结果是
result from 由……造成/导致
1.祈使句+并列连词+sb (will/might) do
[教材原句] Be flexible in your opinions and you might end up agreeing with the speaker/writer after all.
灵活处理你的观点,最终,你也许会同意说话人或是作者的观点。
[语境运用] 完成句子
①多吃健康食物,不然你的身体迟早会垮掉。(应用文写作之建议信)
Eat more healthy food 　　　　　　　　　　　 sooner or later.
②想办法经常表扬你的孩子,你就会发现他们会对你敞开心扉。(读后续写之主题升华)
Find ways to praise your children often 　　　　　　　　　　　　 they will open their hearts to you.
③约翰对同伴们说:“快点,不然天黑之前我们就到不了目的地了。”(读后续写之语言描写)
“
　,”
John said to his companions.
④正在这时,妈妈的话语突然出现在我的脑海中,“冷静下来,认真考虑一下,你会找到解决办法的。”(读后续写之情境描写)
Just then,what my mother said flashed into my mind,“
　.”
⑤“早到五分钟的话,我们就能赶上末班车了,”汤姆懊悔地说。(读后续写之语言描写)
“　 ,”
Tom said regretfully.
(1)祈使句表示条件,陈述句表示结果。表示顺承关系时用and,表示转折关系时用or。
(2)该结构中祈使句有时可用名词短语替代,如:
A little patience and everything will be all right.
耐心一点,一切都会好起来的。
2.no matter how引导让步状语从句
[教材原句] If you try to find out the source of an idea,no matter how crazy it seems,you will increase your chance of learning something.
如果你试图找出一个想法的来源,无论这个想法看起来多么不可思议,你都更有机会学到一些东西。
[高考溯源](2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
Whatever it is,no matter how small it might seem,write it down.(无论到什么程度)
[语境运用] 完成句子
①“无论发生什么事,爸爸妈妈会一直在你身边,”妈妈微笑着对我说。(读后续写之语言描写)
“
　,”
Mum smiled to me and said.
②“不管情况有多么复杂,总是会有解决办法的,因此不要惊慌失措,”爸爸常说的话出现在我的脑海中。(读后续写之情境描写)
“

　　　　　　　　　　　,”what my father often said appeared in my mind.
③用你所有的精力去追求你的梦想,不管别人怎么想。(读后续写之主题升华)
Chase after your dream with all your energy,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
④不管谁指出我们的缺点,我们都应该改正。(读后续写之个人成长)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,we should correct them.
(1)no matter what/who/which/when/where/how引导让步状语从句,意为“无论什么/谁/哪个/何时/何地/到什么程度”,相当于whatever/whoever/whichever/whenever/wherever/however。
(2)“no matter+疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句,而whatever、whoever、whichever除了引导让步状语从句外,还可以引导名词性从句。
[教材原句] So ①if someone says that dinosaurs still exist today,think about ②why they believe this.
因此,如果有人说现在还有恐龙,那就想想他们为什么会相信这一点。
分析:句①是if引导的　　　　　　从句;句②是why引导的　　　　从句。
[语境运用] 场景句式练习
①因此,如果一个好朋友突然疏远你,那就想一想他/她为什么这样做。
②因此,当一个孩子突然表现得不一样时,跟他/她谈谈这件事,弄明白他/她为什么这样做。
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
　　Most people assume that the human brain is set on “automatic”,1.　　　　 isn’t always true.We need to train ourselves to be better learners.This 2.　　　　 (call) “active learning”. There are two kinds of voices:the inner voice and the outer voice.Your inner voice expresses your personal opinions,3.　　　　 the outer voice tells you about opinions from what you hear or read.Active learners focus on what the speaker/writer is saying.If you find your inner voice difficult 4.　　　　 (control),you can argue 5.　　　　 it.Be flexible in your opinions and you might end up 6.　　　　 (agree) with the speaker/writer after all.Asking questions is the 7.　　　　 (easy) way to promote active learning.When you get information from someone,from books or the Internet,ask some questions.The answers will lead you to 8.　　　　 (far) learning.Active learners attempt to find the 9.　　　　 (true) at the heart of each idea.Active learners do not judge people 10.　　　　(base) on first impressions or personal feelings.Instead,they separate the message from the messenger.So don’t just assume that some people are always right because of who they are or just because they are your friends.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.(2025·浙江1月卷)A novel design approach 　　　　 gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide.
2.(2025·浙江1月卷)Eschewing fertilizers (化肥) and power tools,it’s 　　　　 (base) on an elegantly simple principle:to garden more like nature does.
3.(2024·北京卷)Signing up for the programme does not 　　　　(automatic) mean that you will be able to register and participate.
4.(2024·北京卷)Because 　　　　(argue) angrily leads to chaos,it was strongly discouraged.
5.(2024·北京卷)My friends all jumped up in 　　　　(excite) and asked me,“Will you be going,Amy ”
6.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Susan 　　　　(promote) to receptionist,but he recognized her immediately and addressed her by name.
7.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)I told him that thanks to his generosity and 　　　　(time) help,everything had gone smoothly.
8.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Education outside the classroom cannot 　　　　(ignore).
9.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Groups of five or more require special 　　　　(arrange) and must be confirmed in advance.
10.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The latest engineering　　　　(technique) are applied to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful.
11.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)If you want 　　　　(publish),it’s vital to submit a perfect,professionally presented manuscript (原稿).
12.(2024·浙江1月卷)This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to experiment with dozens of titles that I would never 　　　　(normal) consider buying.And I’ve discovered some great books!
13.(2024·浙江1月卷)It is so easy to let an online course slide,but your grades will suffer as 　　　　 result.
14.(2024·九省联考)As prey animals,parrots are often frightened by 　　　　(expose) to new household items or strangers.
15.Undoubtedly,the increasing popularity of Hanfu is a 　　　　(reflect) of Chinese cultural confidence.
你班英语老师让同学们以“Effective ways of learning English”为主题写一篇发言稿。
1.我想和大家分享一些学习英语的有效策略。(effective;strategy)
2.和外国朋友交谈也是一个好方法。(approach)
3.更多地接触英语是十分重要的。(expose)
4.当碰到一些不熟悉的单词时,不要马上查词典。(unfamiliar)
5.根据上下文猜测不熟悉的单词的意思或者请教你的同伴。(partner)
6.当我们看到这些单词时,记住它们并尝试灵活地使用它们。(memorise;attempt;flexibly)
7.我们不能忽视及时复习它们的重要性。(ignore;brush up on;timely)
8.简而言之,英语学习并不是一段短暂又轻松的旅程,它需要我们不断努力学习。(in short)
[句式升级]
1.将第2、第3句合并为一句。
2.将第6、第7句合并为一句。
[连句成篇]
　　用过渡性词语或句子把上述句子连接成一篇短文,保持句意通顺,情节完整。过渡性词语或句子加黑。
1.a heavy/sinking heart 沉重的心情
2.follow your heart 遵从你的内心
3.a light heart 轻松的心情
4.lose heart 灰心;丧失信心;泄气
5.lose one’s heart to 倾心于;爱上(某人或某事物)
6.open one’s heart to sb 对某人敞开心扉
7.feel heartbroken 感到心碎
8.the heartbreaking news 令人伤心欲绝的消息
9.lost in one’s grief 沉浸在悲伤中
10.be drowning in sorrow 正沉浸在悲伤之中
11.be overwhelmed with/by joy喜出望外
12.tears of joy in one’s eyes 眼中闪烁着喜悦的泪光
1.Joy welled up in his heart.
他的心里充满了欢乐。
2.There were tears streaming down her cheeks,but she tried to hold back her sobs.
泪水顺着她的脸颊流下,但她试图忍住抽泣。
3.She felt like her heart was being torn apart as she watched him walk away.
看着他走开,她感觉自己的心被撕裂了。
4.With a heavy/sinking heart,she watched him.
她心情沉重地看着他。
5.The heaviness in her heart made it difficult for her to breathe,as if she was drowning in sorrow.
她心中的沉重让她难以呼吸,仿佛正沉浸在悲伤之中。
6.Just follow your heart and you’ll be happy.
遵从你的内心,你会开心的。
7.Relief filled his heart.
他如释重负。
8.My heart aches when I think of their sorrow.
当我想到他们的悲伤时,我就很心痛。
9.Her heart was pounding with excitement.
她的心激动得怦怦直跳。
10.She couldn’t contain her excitement and hugged her friend tightly,tears of joy in her eyes.
她无法抑制自己的激动,紧紧拥抱着她的朋友,眼中闪烁着喜悦的泪光。
11.The boy lay on his back,staring at the starry sky and looked upset.
男孩仰面躺着,凝视着繁星点点的天空,看起来心烦意乱。
读后续写微技能
点训练——“走、跑、跳”
tiptoe蹑手蹑脚 stride大步走 sneak鬼鬼祟祟地走 limp瘸着走 wander漫步 pace来回踱步 stroll漫步闲逛 走 crawl/creep/climb爬行 walk走 slip悄悄疾行 slide悄悄溜走 trudge跋涉,费力地走 stumble/stagger跌跌撞撞地走 drag one’s feet拖着脚步
run跑 dash猛冲;急奔 race快速奔跑 rush急速行进 charge猛冲 sprint全力冲刺 (速度快且持续时间短) 跑 jog慢跑 trot小跑;快步;疾走 gallop(马等四足动物)飞奔,疾驰 bolt突然快速移动 scamper轻快地跑,蹦蹦跳跳地跑(小动物或孩童)
jump双脚向上跳 skip双脚交替小步跳 bounce向前或向上双脚跳跃 hop单脚跳 leap跳跃 spring突然迅速地跳起 跳 bound轻快地跳,跳跃前进 vault撑跳,跃过 hop on/off快速跳上/跳下(交通工具等) jump to one’s feet猛地跳起来(强调动作迅速) jump up and down上下跳(常表达兴奋、激动的情绪)
线训练——“走、跑、跳”
　　从学校回家的路上,汤姆看到一只美丽的蝴蝶,便开始追赶它。当汤姆追逐蝴蝶时,他的心中充满了冒险的感觉。当觉得自己就要抓住它的时候,他兴奋地上下蹦跳。蝴蝶飞走了,但汤姆仍然跳跃着追赶它。然而,过了一会儿,蝴蝶消失在他的视线中,他开始拖着脚步,漫无目的地闲逛。最后,当他回到家时,他蹑手蹑脚地走着,不想打扰任何人。汤姆不知道,在他进行这场小小的冒险时,他的母亲正在焦急地等待着他。在屋里,他的母亲正来回踱步,担心着他的安全。
On the way home from school,Tom saw a beautiful butterfly and started to ①　　　　　　　　 it.As Tom chased the butterfly,his heart was filled with a sense of adventure.
When he thought he was about to catch it,he ②　　　　　　　　　　　　 in excitement.
The butterfly flew away,but Tom still ③　　　　　　　　 it.
However,after a while,the butterfly was out of his sight,and he started to ④　　　　　　　
　　　　　 as he ⑤　　　　　　　　.
Eventually,when he got back to his house,he ⑥　　　　 and didn’t want to disturb anyone.
Tom had no idea that while he was on his little adventure,his mother was anxiously waiting for him.Inside,his mother ⑦　　　　　　　　　　　　,worried about his safety.
面训练——“走、跑、跳”
要求:请根据线训练,再结合括号中的提示完成句式升级,并续写后续内容,使故事情节更加
完整。
　　After a long day at school,Tom was looking forward to going home and relaxing.Little did he know that an unexpected encounter would change the course of his afternoon.①　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　 (强调句) and started to dash after it.
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(省略句),he jumped up and down in excitement.As Tom chased the butterfly,his heart was filled with a sense of excitement.The butterfly flew away,but Tom still bounced after it.However,after a while,③　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　(with复合结构),he started to drag his feet as he wandered aimlessly.Eventually,when he got back to his house,he tiptoed,④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(现在分词作结果状语).Tom had no idea that while he was on his little adventure,his mother was anxiously waiting for him.Inside,his mother,⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　(现在分词作伴随状语),was worried about his safety.⑥　
点训练——“喜悦、高兴、激动”
cheerful 开心的 delighted 愉快的 pleased 开心的 joyful 快乐的 content 满意的 fulfilled 满足的 thrilled 激动的 excited 兴奋的 a broad grin 咧嘴大笑 喜悦、 高兴、 激动 dance/jump for joy 高兴地跳舞/跳跃 bounce up and down 跳上跳下 wear a smiling face 面带微笑 be wild with delight 欣喜若狂 eyes twinkle with happiness眼里闪烁着快乐的光芒 be overcome with joy 被喜悦淹没 heart pounding with excitement心脏因激动而狂跳 be immersed in joy 沉浸在喜悦中 skip towards the stage 蹦跳着走向舞台
线训练——“喜悦、高兴、激动”
　　萨拉听到自己被宣布为获胜者。她面带微笑,这笑容很快化作咧嘴大笑。她喜笑颜开。眼里闪烁着快乐的光芒,她蹦跳着走向舞台,幸福的泪水滑落。朋友们纷纷拥抱她。大家疯狂地拍手,跳上跳下,沉浸在喜悦中。
Sarah heard her name called as the winner.
She ①　　　　　　　　　　　　 and it quickly became ②　　　　　　　　.
Her face beamed with joy.
Her eyes were ③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
She ④　　　　　　　　　　　　 and tears of joy fell.
Her friends threw arms around her.
They clapped hands wildly,and they all ⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.All of them ⑥　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
面训练——“喜悦、高兴、激动”
要求:请根据线训练,再结合括号中的提示完成句式升级,并续写后续内容,使故事情节更加
完整。
The crowd held its breath as the host announced the winner.Sarah heard her name called as the winner.①　　　　　　　　　　　　 (现在分词作状语),she wore a smiling face ②　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (定语从句).③　　　　　　　　　　　　 (with复合结构) with happiness,she skipped towards the stage,④　　　　　　　　　　　　 (独立主格结构).Her friends threw arms around her.⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (现在分词作状语),they all bounced up and down,⑥　　　　　　　　　　　　 (过去分词作状语).⑦　 必修　第三册
UNIT 7　ART
1.figure n.人像,人形;数字;身材,体形;人物
v.估计;计算;弄懂;认为
[高考溯源](2023·全国甲卷)
Confucius is a well-known figure in Chinese history.(n.人物)
(2024·浙江1月卷)
When Coach Pitt blew his whistle (哨子),Eva figured she would be left in the dust.(v.认为)
[语境运用] 一词多义/完成句子
(1)①She is dieting to keep her figure although she is slim enough.　　　　　　　
②He removed the figures from the board and started to write something.　　　　　　　
③So far,he has been a figure in this area by kindness and honesty.　　　　　　　
④I was frightened at the sight of the task.But then I figured that I’d better just go all out and see what would happen.　　　　　　　
⑤When figuring out the total cost of the trip,my mother shook her head and refused to go there.　　　　　　　
(2)⑥她每天早上做运动以保持体形。
She does exercise every morning to 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
⑦他是一个我们总能指望他完成任务的人。
He is a person　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to complete his jobs.
【答案】 (1)①身材　②数字　③人物　④认为　⑤计算　(2)⑥keep her figure　⑦we can always figure on
·figure out理解;弄懂;弄清楚;算出
figure on 指望;打算
figure that...认为……
·a political figure一位政治人物
keep one’s figure保持体形
have a good figure身材好;形象好
2.affect vt.影响
effect n.影响,后果
affection n.感情;喜爱
[高考溯源] (2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)
These effects aren’t just short-term but have been proved to affect a teen’s well-being in the years to come.(vt.影响)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)①They will go to help those people 　　　　(affect) by the flood.
②A study reported last fall suggests that having a pet dog not only raises your spirits but may also have an effect 　　　　 your eating habits.
③Brought up by my grandparents,I have a strong 　　　　(affect) for them.
(2)(因为)观众们被深深打动了,他们热烈鼓掌,掌声经久不息。
④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,they warmly applauded for a long time.(because引导原因状语从句)
⑤　　　　　　　　　　,the audience warmly applauded for a long time.(过去分词作原因状语)
【答案】 (1)①affected　②on　③affection
(2)④Because the audience were deeply affected　⑤Deeply affected
·be deeply/greatly affected by...被……深深打动
be affected with high fever 发高烧
be affected by the heat/cold 中暑/着凉
·have an affection for 喜欢,钟爱
·have an effect on 对……有影响
3.scene n.景色
scenic adj.风景优美的;观光的;舞台布景的
[高考溯源](2023·全国乙卷)
After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks,we decided to photograph the scene at sunset.(n.景色)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①Firefighters will remain 　　　　 the scene until later this morning to ensure that the fire won’t start up again.
②Though it is 20 years since we last met,I still remember the scene 　　　　 we got separated on a rainy day.
③There was a sea of faces on every 　　　　(scene) spot in China during the Spring Festival.
(2)④多谢,不过我觉得这的确应该归功于那些幕后工作人员。
Thanks a lot.But I do feel the credit should go to those who work　　　　　　　　　　　　.
⑤现在,“00后”是时候登场了。
Now,it’s time for the post-2000s generation　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
【答案】 (1)①on　②where　③scenic　(2)④behind the scenes　⑤to hit the scene
on the scene在场;到场
behind the scenes 在幕后
hit the scene登场;出现
scene作定语从句的先行词并且在从句中作地点状语时,从句用where引导,类似用法的单词还有situation,point,journey,life,atmosphere等。
4.refer v.提到;谈到;查阅,参考
reference n.谈到;提及;参考,查阅
[高考溯源] (2025·浙江1月卷)
Referred to as matrix planting,this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden,and even some of the designing.(v.提到;谈到)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/写出下列句子中refer to的含义
(1)①I think you’re 　　　　 (refer) to the fact that performers often sing with very high voices.
②What surprised us was that he talked about two hours without referring 　　　　 his note.
③(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)I keep two 　　　　(refer) books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典).
④This typical sleep pattern is usually referred to 　　　　 the “night owl” schedule of sleep.
(2)⑤You can refer to a dictionary to check the spelling.　　　　　　　
⑥The word “business” also refers to an organisation that provides goods and services.　　　　　　　
⑦He didn’t refer to that famous scientist in his speech.　　　　　　　
【答案】 (1)①referring　②to　③reference　④as
(2)⑤查阅　⑥指的是　⑦提到
·refer to提到;参考,查阅;涉及;指的是
refer to...as...把……称作……
refer...to...把……提交给……
·reference book 参考书;工具书
in/with reference to 关于
表示“查词典”的结构有:
refer to/consult a dictionary=look up sth in a dictionary
5.struggle n.奋斗;[C]难事;斗争;努力
vi.奋斗,努力,拼搏;挣扎
[高考溯源] (2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)
Instead of correcting others when they were struggling to pronounce my name,I just smiled and nodded approvingly.(vi.努力)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①The country has to struggle 　　　　 all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad.
②Workers are struggling 　　　　 better pay and working conditions.
(2)③听了这话,女人挣扎着站起来,向门口走去。
Hearing this,the woman 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and walked to the door.
④他母亲努力冷静了下来,而不是和他发生争吵。
His mother 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 instead of getting into an argument with him.
⑤对我来说,适应这种新的生活方式很困难。
　　　　　　　　 the new lifestyle.
【答案】 (1)①with/against　②for　(2)③struggled to her feet　④struggled to calm down　⑤It is a struggle for me to get used to/be accustomed to
·struggle for 为……而奋斗/斗争
struggle with/against 与……作斗争
struggle to do sth 努力做某事
struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
·It is a struggle for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事很困难
6.respond vi.& vt.回应,回复;作出反应
response n.回应,回复;反应
[高考溯源] (2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)
I forced a smile,unsure how to respond further.(vi.作出反应)
(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
This happened some of the time,but it wasn’t the dominant response.(n.反应)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)①(2024·浙江1月卷)A similar process is at work in our 　　　　(respond) to information.
②The product was developed in response 　　　　customer demand.
③To our surprise,the company refused to respond 　　　　 the news.
(2)不要对任何要求提供私人信息的邮件作出答复,不管它们看起来多么正式。
④　　　　　　　　　　　 any emails requesting personal information,no matter how official they look.(respond)
⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　 any emails requesting personal information,no matter how official they look.(response)
【答案】 (1)①response　②to　③to　(2)④Don’t respond to　⑤Don’t make (a) response to
·respond to 答复……;对……作出反应
·in response to 对……作出反应
make (a) response to 对……作出回应/答复
7.hesitate vi.犹豫;踌躇;迟疑
hesitation n.踌躇;犹豫;不情愿
[高考溯源](2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
I walked over and asked him why he wasn’t with the other children.He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run.(vi.犹豫,迟疑)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)①He never hesitates 　　　　 (help) those in trouble because he is a kind-hearted man.
②He was still hesitating 　　　　 whether to apologise to her or not.
③Without any 　　　　(hesitate),she took off her shoes,jumped into the water and swam to the drowning child.
(2)我们随时为您服务。如果您有任何进一步的要求,请毫不犹豫地来找我们帮忙。
④We are at your service.Please 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 if you have any further requests.(not hesitate to do sth)
⑤We are at your service.Please 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 if you have any further requests.(without hesitation)
⑥We are at your service.Please 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 if you have any further requests.(have no hesitation in doing sth)
【答案】 (1)①to help　②about/in/at/over
③hesitation　(2)④don’t hesitate to turn to us
⑤turn to us without hesitation　⑥have no hesitation in turning to us
·hesitate to do sth迟疑做某事,犹豫做某事
not hesitate to do sth 毫不犹豫做某事,尽管做某事
hesitate about/in/at/over (doing) sth对(做)某事犹豫不决
·without (any) hesitation 毫不犹豫地
have no hesitation in doing sth毫不犹豫地做某事
8.charge n.主管;负责;费用;充电
v.收费;充电;控告;使……承担责任
[高考溯源] (2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
New solid-state batteries will take a car farther on a single charge.(n.充电)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/语境串词/一句多译
(1)①The police charged the thief 　　　　 stealing the jewels.
②The old man charged me twenty yuan 　　　　 repairing this pair of shoes.
③With the ticket,you may get a portion of French fries free 　　　　 charge.
(2)④负责该公司的经理由于向给电池充电的顾客收费1 000美元而被控告。事实上,充电是免费的。
The manager 　　　　　　　　 the company　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the customer 1,000 dollars　　　　　　　　the battery.Actually,it was 　　　　　　　　　.
(3)他将负责这个部门。
⑤He 　. (take charge of)
⑥He 　　　　.(in charge of)
⑦The department 　　　　　　　　　　　　.(in the charge of)
【答案】 (1)①with　②for　③of　(2)④in charge of;was charged with charging;for charging;free of charge　(3)⑤will take charge of the department
⑥will be in charge of the department　⑦will be in the charge of him
·charge sb money for (doing) sth 因(做)某事而向某人收费
charge sb with (doing) sth =accuse sb of (doing) sth 因(做)某事指控某人;指控某人(做了)某事
get charged 充电;被指控;被收费
·in charge of 负责,掌管
in the charge of...由……负责,被……掌管
take charge of 接管,控制;负责
free of charge 免费
9.permission n.允许;许可;批准
permit vt.允许,许可
vi.& vt.(使)成为可能
n.许可证,执照
[高考溯源] (2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)
Permission of parents and activity fees are required to participate in all field trips.(n.允许;许可)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①With your 　　　　(permit),I’d like to ask your son a few questions.
②The security system will not permit you　　　　(enter) without the correct password.
③Time 　　　　(permit),I will go to Hainan this summer vacation.
(2)④未经允许,任何人不准进入此实验室。
　　　　　　　　,no one shall step into this lab.
⑤我们出去之前,我得给我父亲打个电话征得他的同意。
I need to call my father and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 before we go out.
【答案】 (1)①permission　②to enter　③permitting
(2)④Without permission　⑤ask (for) permission
·without (one’s) permission未经(某人的)允许
with one’s permission在某人允许的情况下
ask (for) permission 请求许可
give permission 批准,许可
·permit sb to do sth(=allow sb to do sth)允许某人做某事
weather/time permitting 天气/时间允许的话
1.not...but...
[教材原句] Art is not what you see,but what you make others see.
艺术不是你看到什么,而是你让其他人看到什么。
[高考溯源](2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调)that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes.(不是……而是……)
[语境运用] 完成句子
①我意识到成功的秘诀不在于你在何时或何地出生,而在于你正在做什么以及你在生活中是如何做的。(读后续写之主题升华)
I realise the secret to success lies 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 what you are doing and how you do it in your life.
②电话找的不是你,而是她。
Not you but she 　　　　.
③妈妈告诉他,使她生气的不是他所犯的错误,而是他没有勇气为他的错误承担责任。(读后续写之情绪描写)
Mum told him that 　.
④生命的价值不在于我们活了多少天,而在于我们如何利用这些日子。(读后续写之主题升华)
The value of life lies 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
【答案】 ①not in when or where you were born but in　②is wanted on the telephone　③what made her angry was not the mistake he had made but that he did not have the courage to take responsibility for his mistake　④not in how many days we live,but in how we use these days
2.not until的强调句型
[教材原句] It was not until Caroline Unger,one of the singers,took his arm and turned him to face the audience that the great man realised his symphony was a success.
直到歌手卡洛琳·昂格尔拉着他的手臂转向观众,这位伟人才意识到他的交响乐取得了成功。
[高考溯源] (2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
The students aren’t dismissed until 3:30.(直到……才……)
[语境运用] 一句多译
直到又一次失败他才意识到他浪费了太多的时间。(读后续写之心理描写)
①He 　　　　　　　　　　　　 he failed a second time.(not...until...)
②　　　　　　　　　　　 he failed a second time　 　　　　　　　　　　　.(强调句)
③　　　　　　　　 he failed a second time 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(倒装句)
直到抬头看,他才意识到天已经黑了,其他朋友也不知去向。(读后续写之动作描写)
④ (not...until...)
⑤ (强调句)
⑥ (倒装句)
【答案】 ①didn’t realise that he had wasted too much time until　②It was not until;that he realised he had wasted too much time　③Not until;did he realise that he had wasted too much time　④He didn’t realise it was dark and the other friends were nowhere to be seen until he looked up.　⑤It was not until he looked up that he realised it was dark and the other friends were nowhere to be seen.　⑥Not until he looked up did he realise it was dark and the other friends were nowhere to be seen.
3.It is said that...
[教材原句] It is said that the two artists admired each other.
据说两位艺术家惺惺相惜。
[语境运用] 翻译句子
①据说长城是去北京旅游的一处必游之地。因此,我建议你的第一站是长城。(应用文写作之推荐信)
②众所周知,北京有许多值得参观的名胜古迹。(应用文写作之推荐信)
③人们普遍认为袁隆平是世界上最伟大的科学家之一。(应用文写作之人物介绍)
④据说共享单车将有助于改善城市环境。(应用文写作之倡议书)
【答案】 ①It is said that the Great Wall is a must when visiting Beijing.Therefore,I suggest that your first stop (should) be the Great Wall.　②It is well-known that there are many places of interest worth paying a visit to in Beijing.　③It is generally considered/accepted/recognised/acknowledged that Yuan Longping is one of the greatest scientists in the world.　④It is said that bike-sharing will help improve the cities’ environment.
[教材原句] ①What is strange is ②that above the house and the tree,we see a daytime sky full of brightness and soft white clouds.
奇怪的是,在房子和树木之上,我们看到明亮的天空和柔软的白云。
分析:句①是what引导主语从句且在从句中作主语;句②是that引导表语从句。
[语境运用] 场景句式练习
①奇怪的是,当我们回到家时,我们看到大门旁边有一个装满新鲜水果的篮子。
What was strange was that beside the gate we saw a basket full of fresh fruit when we got home.
②令人感到不可思议的是,在岩石缝里长了一棵苹果树,上面结满了红彤彤的苹果。
What is unbelievable/incredible is that in a crack between the rocks grows an apple tree full of red apples.
③奇妙的是,在森林深处有这么静谧的一个地方,这里已经变成了孩子们的第二个家,他们可以在这儿自由地玩耍。
What was amazing was that there was such a quiet place deep in the forest,which had become a second home for the children where they could play freely.
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
In June 1889,Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night when staying at a home for the 1.　　　　 (mental) ill,which shows the night sky with circles of white and yellow.Some experts think Van Gogh’s mental illness may have an effect 2.　　　　 his sense of sight.Nowadays,the painting is one of the world’s most famous 3.　　　　 (painting).
Edvard Munch was suffering a lot of pain because of his mental health problems in 1893 and he painted The Scream.It is so 4.　　　　 (strike) that it shows a thin figure with an expression of fear,5.　　　　 mouth is wide open and letting out a 6.　　　　 (power) scream.
The Empire of Light 7.　　　　(paint) by René Magritte between 1953 and 1954,who was a painter 8.　　　　 (inspire) by his own thoughts and ideas.The painting shows a beautiful house lit by lights from inside,surrounded by the darkness of night,but there is a daytime sky above the house.Different people show different 9.　　　　 (react) to the paintings.Some think they look dark and troubling,but others find them calming.As for Magritte himself,he thought that the change between day 10.　　　　 night in the paintings was surprising.
【答案】 1.mentally　2.on　3.paintings　4.striking　5.whose　6.powerful　7.was painted　8.inspired
9.reactions　10.and
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.(2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Consider 　　　　 (fail) as a stepping stone to success and never give up.
2.(2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)She said it was all down to some key 　　　　(aspect).
3.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome.Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for 　　　　(young) under the age of 15.
4.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI—the technology companies and world leaders—so they are on the same page as all the experts 　　　　(current) developing it.
5.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)The loss of what travel offers would be 　　　　(acceptable) in today’s world.Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience.
6.(2024·全国甲卷)Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming 　　　　(exhibit) of American Watercolors,1880—1990:Into the Light.
7.(2024·北京卷)However,hedgehogs remain open to others’ 　　　　(react) and inputs.
8.(2024·浙江1月卷)Hoping to impress some 　　　　(talent) actors to come and work for me for nothing,I spread some throws over the sofas and lit candles to make it seem a bit more “young professional”.
9.(2024·浙江1月卷)We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world,and our brains developed a 　　　　(respond) mechanism to these treats that reflected their value—a feeling of reward and satisfaction.
10.(2024·浙江1月卷)He was in the cast of “Tom Sawyer” when it was first　　　　(perform) and is a Children’s Theatre regular,with five shows to his credit.
11.(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Behind it,the person is trying to figure 　　　　 who exactly I teach...the animals
12.(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)We see　　　　 (scene) of children learning to read at home or at school,with the book as a focus for relations between the generations.
【答案】 1.failure　2.aspects　3.youth　4.currently　5.unacceptable　6.exhibition　7.reactions　8.talented
9.response　10.performed　11.out　12.scenes
假设你是李华,你的外国朋友Henry想了解你们学校正在举行的中国画画展,请你写信告知他有关信息。
1.我写信是为了告知你我们学校正在举办的中国画画展。(exhibition)
I am writing to inform you of the Chinese painting exhibition being held in our school.
2.展览在一种轻松的氛围中举行。(atmosphere)
The exhibition is being held in a relaxing atmosphere.
3.展览汇集了许多名作。(masterpiece)
The exhibition has brought together many masterpieces.
4.一些人物画也包括在内。(figure)
Some figure paintings are also included.
5.这些画令人振奋,和我们形成情感上的共鸣。(uplifting)
These paintings are uplifting and resonate emotionally with us.
6.前来欣赏这些画的人都说这是一场视觉盛宴。(appreciate)
People who came to appreciate the paintings said it is a visual feast.
7.他们总是面带灿烂的笑容。(broad)
They always wore a broad smile on their faces.
8.想了解更多有关的信息,请尽管找我。(hesitate)
Don’t hesitate to turn to me for more relevant information.
[句式升级]
1.将第2、第3、第4句合并为一句。
The exhibition is being held in a relaxing atmosphere and has brought together many masterpieces,including some figure paintings.
2.将第6、第7句合并为一句。
People who came to appreciate the paintings said it is a visual feast and always wore a broad smile on their faces.
[连句成篇]
　　用过渡性词语或句子把上述句子连接成一篇短文,保持句意通顺,情节完整。过渡性词语或句子加黑。
Dear Henry,
I am writing to inform you of the Chinese painting exhibition being held in our school.
To begin with,the exhibition is being held in a relaxing atmosphere and has brought together many masterpieces,including some figure paintings.These paintings are uplifting and resonate emotionally with us.Therefore/Hence/Thus,people who came to appreciate the paintings said it is a visual feast and always wore a broad smile on their faces.
Don’t hesitate to turn to me for more relevant information.I’m looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
1.a rainbow hanging in the sky 挂在空中的一道彩虹
2.be bathed in silver moonlight 沐浴在银色的月光下
3.a dark starless night一个昏暗的、没有星星的夜晚
4.the warm amber-like sunshine温暖的琥珀色的阳光
5.be dotted with sparkling stars繁星点点
6.be lit by a full moon 被满月照亮
7.beyond description难以描述,无法形容
8.the breathtaking sunset壮丽的日落
9.beautiful natural scenery美丽的自然风光
10.hide behind the clouds 躲到云后面
11.shine like diamonds 如钻石般闪耀
12.burst through the clouds 破云而出
13.rain cats and dogs 倾盆大雨
14.as quiet as ink paintings 静得如水墨画一般
1.The sun peeks over the horizon,painting the sky with shades of orange and pink.
太阳从地平线上探出头来,给天空染上了橙色和粉色的色调。
2.The stars twinkled like diamonds in the vast night sky.
星星在浩瀚的夜空中闪烁,犹如钻石一般。
3.The sunrise is a magical moment,filling the world with warmth and hope.
日出是一个神奇的时刻,让世界充满温暖和希望。
4.The moon washed the woods with a gentle light.The stars twinkled,like children’s curious eyes blinking with anticipation.
月亮用柔和的光洗刷着树林。星星闪烁着,像孩子好奇的眼睛闪烁着期待。
5.The sound came swiftly nearer,and became a wild roar,filling the whole valley.
这声音很快靠近了,变成了狂吼,响彻整个山谷。
6.During autumn,these mountains are gold,and in winter they are covered with sheets of white frost.
在秋天,这些山脉是金色的,而在冬天,它们身披层层的白霜。
7.The roar of the waves and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast.
海浪的咆哮和海鸟的鸣叫组成了海岸的音乐。
8.The leaves had almost all fallen off,creating a sea of fiery colours that crunched beneath our feet.
树叶几乎都掉光了,形成了一片火红的海洋,在我们脚下嘎吱作响。
9.Everything had suddenly gone quiet.Birds didn’t chirp,leaves didn’t rustle and insects didn’t sing.A feeling of stillness crept up on me.
万物突然安静。鸟儿不再鸣叫,树叶不再沙沙作响,昆虫停止歌唱。一种寂静的感觉悄然向我袭来。UNIT 9　LEARNING
1.reflect vi.& vt.仔细思考;表达(意见);反映;映出(影像)
reflection n.沉思;想法;反射
reflective adj.深思的;(指物体表面)反射的,反光的
[高考溯源] (2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning,who is in charge of the exhibition.(v.反映)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①My face 　　　　(reflect) in the water clearly when I was pondering on the bank.
②While the news at first shocked me,　　　　reflection it made perfect sense.
③(2024·新高考全国 Ⅰ 卷)However,for maximizing learning where mental focus and 　　　　(reflect) are called for,educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same,even when they contain identical words.
(2)④一个人的自我概念反映在他或她的行为方式上。
A person’s self-concept 　　　　　　　　　　 the way he or she behaves.
⑤对于我们来说,利用历史的教训,反思过去,展望未来并砥砺前行是很重要的。
It is important for us to draw on the lessons of history,　　　　　　　　　　　　,look forward to the future and press forward.
【答案】 (1)①was reflected　②on　③reflection
(2)④is reflected in　⑤reflect on/upon the past
·reflect...in...在……中映出……的影像
be reflected in倒映在;反映在
reflect on/upon sth思考/反省某事
·on reflection经再三考虑,仔细考虑
without reflection不假思索
a reflection on/of ……的反映/映射
2.argue vi.争论,争吵;认为
argument n.争论,争辩;论点
[高考溯源](2024·北京卷)
The 18th-century philosopher Kant argued that the universe ultimately consists of things-in-themselves that are unknowable.(vi.认为)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)①Some students argue　　　　the use of mobile phones in school,while most parents and teachers argue　　　　 it.
②In the last class,we argued　　　　 each other 　　　　whether online shops can replace physical ones.
③While having the meeting,he got into an 　　　　(argue) with the workmate who bumped into him.
④It is 　　　　 argument that there are still millions of people leading a hard life with hunger and coldness.
(2)我的父母一直说服我挑战自己,对此我非常感激。
⑤My parents have always 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,for which I’m really grateful.(argue)
⑥My parents have always 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,for which I’m really grateful.(persuade)
⑦My parents have always　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,for which I’m really grateful.(talk)
【答案】 (1)①for;against　②with;on/about/over
③argument　④beyond　(2)⑤argued me into challenging myself　⑥persuaded me into challenging myself/persuaded me to challenge myself　⑦talked me into challenging myself
·argue for...为……而争论;为……而辩护
argue against争辩;反对
argue with sb on/about/over sth与某人争辩某事
argue/persuade/talk sb into/out of doing sth说服某人做/不做某事
argue that...主张……;认为……
·beyond argument无可争辩
have an argument with sb on/over/about sth与某人争辩某事
get into an argument with sb跟某人争论
3.assume vt.认为;假定,假设
assumption n.假定,假设
assuming conj.假定,假如
[高考溯源] (2025·浙江1月卷)
For instance,if an object’s name was meant to sound genderless,like Miuu,participants would still assign a gender to it—they would assume Miuu was a “he” or “she”.(v.认为)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①I assume reading widely 　　　　(be) a good method of getting knowledge.
②　　　　 (assume) we make $5,000 every month,it won’t take long for us to pay off the debt.
③(2024·浙江1月卷)It would have been easy to rely on my 　　　　(assume) about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home.
(2)④人们普遍认为应该重视疾病预防。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 stress should be laid on disease prevention.
⑤我们假定每个被邀请的人都会出席并且正就此做出安排。
We are making arrangements 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 everyone invited will turn up.
【答案】 (1)①to be/is　②Assuming　③assumptions
(2)④It is generally assumed that　⑤on the assumption that
·assume sb/sth to be...假定/假设某人/某事(物)为……
assume (that...) 假定/假设/认为……
It is assumed that...人们认为……
·make an assumption about/that认为;假定
on the assumption that...假定……;在假定……的情况下
·assuming (that)...假设/假定……
“假设,如果”的表达还有if...;supposing/suppose (that)...;providing/provided (that)...;on condition that...;in case (that)...等。
4.exist vi.存在;实际上有
existence n.存在;生存
existing adj.现存的;现行的
[高考溯源] (2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
Batteries are energy-efficient and electric cars can plug into existing systems and services.(adj.现存的;现行的)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①There is no road ahead of us but road will come into 　　　　(exist) after we walk through.
②Does life exist　　　　 Mars
③It was said that this was the only copy of the book 　　　　 existence.
④(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected,bringing many of the 　　　　(exist) protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
(2)⑤关于这个领域的研究还存在着一些问题,如缺乏相关的知识等。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 about the research in this field,such as lack of relevant knowledge and so on.
⑥虽然困难存在于我们的日常生活中,但我们不应该害怕它们。
Although difficulties 　 ,we shouldn’t be afraid of them.
【答案】 (1)①existence　②in　③in　④existing
(2)⑤There still exist some problems　⑥exist in our daily life
·exist in存在于……(相当于 lie in)
exist on依靠……生存;依靠……生活
There exist/exists/existed...有……,存在着……
·come into existence/being开始存在;产生;形成
in existence存在的;现存的;现有的
5.impression n.印象;感想
impress vt.打动,使印象深刻;使铭记,使牢记
impressive adj.令人钦佩的;令人难忘的
[高考溯源](2024·全国甲卷)
“I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned,” says Ducke.(vt.打动,使印象深刻)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/语境串词/一句多译
(1)①For many foreigners who have visited or worked in China,one of their strong 　　　　 (impress) is that the country is very safe.
②　　　　 (impress) by the speech,she made up her mind to work even harder in the future.
③China’s rich culture,beautiful scenery and especially its enthusiastic people left a deep impression　　　　 me,all of which made me feel at home.
④(2024·全国甲卷)Cats have many heightened senses,but their sense of smell is quite 　　　　(impress).
(2)⑤He made such an 　　　　 speech last night,where he 　　　　 us with the importance of learning English well,which left a deep 　　　　 on us.All of those present at the meeting were 　　　　 by him.(impress)
(3)父亲说的话使我深刻地认识到诚实和善良的重要性。
⑥What my father said 　.
(impress sth on/upon sb)
⑦What my father said 　.
(impress sb with sth)
【答案】 (1)①impressions　②Impressed　③on/upon
④impressive　(2)⑤impressive;impressed;impression;impressed　(3)⑥impressed the importance of honesty and kindness on/upon me　⑦impressed me with the importance of honesty and kindness
·impress sb with sth=impress sth on/upon sb使某人牢记某事
be impressed with/by/at...对……印象深刻
·leave/make an impression on/upon sb 给某人留下深刻印象
6.beyond prep.超出……范围;在(或向)……较远的一边;晚于,迟于;除……之外
[高考溯源](2024·全国甲卷)
Prof.Gracie,with all his patience,asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not.(prep.除……之外)
[语境运用] 一词多义/完成句子
(1)①The road continues beyond the village up into the hills.　　　　　　　
②I know what I’ll be doing for the next three weeks but I haven’t thought beyond that.　　　　　　　
③Our success was far beyond what we thought possible.　　　　　　　
(2)④那个孩子够不到这个电灯开关。
This light switch is 　　　　.
⑤山的那一边是边境地带。
　　　　　　　　　　　 is the border territory.
⑥晚会一直持续到午夜以后。
The party went on until 　　　　　　　　　　.
【答案】 (1)①在(或向)……较远的一边　②晚于,迟于　③超出……范围　(2)④beyond the child’s reach　⑤Beyond the mountains　⑥beyond midnight
beyond midnight午夜以后
beyond compare无与伦比
beyond one’s power是某人力所不能及的
beyond belief/doubt难以置信/毫无疑问
It’s beyond sb why...某人无法理解为什么……
beyond one’s reach某人够不到的
beyond recognition认不出来
7.recommend vt.推荐;建议
recommendation n.推荐;推荐信
[高考溯源] (2025·浙江1月卷)
Instead,she recommends applying a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the “Division of Responsibility,” where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times...(vt.建议)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①I highly recommend 　　　　(visit)this exhibition.I am sure you will learn a lot about Chinese culture and art.
②I recommend you　　　　(take) the high-speed railway to Beijing,because it is very convenient.
③I hope my 　　　　(recommend) can provide some reference for you and wish you a delightful journey in China.
(2)④得知你对中国食物感兴趣,我想向你推荐四川火锅。
Learning that you’re interested in Chinese food,I’d like to　 you.
⑤我建议你阅读一些简化的经典文学作品,比如用简单英语写的短篇故事和小说。
I recommend that 　　　　　　　　 some simplified classic literature works,such as short stories and novels written in simple English.
【答案】 (1)①visiting　②to take　③recommendation
(2)④recommend Sichuan hot pot to　⑤you (should) read
·recommend sth to sb向某人推荐某物
recommend sb as/to be推荐某人担任……
recommend sb to do sth建议/劝告某人做某事
recommend doing sth建议做某事
recommend that...(should) do...
建议……(应该)做……
·a letter of recommendation一封推荐信
后接宾语从句时,从句中的谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”的常见动词有:
8.acquire vt.学习,获得(知识,技能)
acquired adj.后天的;逐渐习得的;习惯的
acquisition n.(知识、技能等的)获得,得到
[高考溯源](2024·北京卷)
My adviser saw this experience as a groundbreaking success,emphasising the collaborating skills I acquired.(vt.获得)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①(2024·北京卷)Our brains use the system 　　　　(acquire) behavioural patterns regarding safe routes home,efficient food gathering and dangers to avoid.
②Life is a process about the　　　　(acquire) of knowledge,wealth and happiness.
③Our conclusions are based on all 　　　　(acquire) knowledge,rather than on guesses or imagination.
(2)④她的英语已经学得很好了,这一切都是她努力的结果。
She 　 ,which is the result of her hard work.
⑤语言习得是一个漫长的过程,这需要决心和耐心。
　,which requires determination and patience.
【答案】 (1)①to acquire　②acquisition
③acquired　(2)④has acquired a good knowledge of English　⑤Language acquisition/Acquiring a language is a long process
9.expose vt.使接触;使体验;暴露;揭露
exposure n.暴露;揭露;接触
exposed adj.(指地方)无遮蔽的;不遮挡风雨的
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)①　　　　 (expose) to computer games too much will do harm to both our physical and mental health.
②Students should 　　　　(expose) to as much traditional culture as possible so that they can spread it to other corners of the world in the future.
③(2024·九省联考)Variety in diet and toys,travel,and 　　　　(expose) to new people and places all help to make your bird more flexible and adaptable to change.
(2)因为我是中国人,所以我和丈夫希望我们的孩子能接触中国的语言和文化。
④Because I am Chinese,my husband and I want our children to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(expose...to...)
⑤Because I am Chinese,my husband and I want our children to 　　　　　　 　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(be exposed to)
【答案】 (1)①Being exposed/Exposure　②be exposed　③exposure　(2)④expose themselves to Chinese language and culture　⑤be exposed to Chinese language and culture
·expose...to...把……暴露在……下,使……接触……
expose sth to sb向某人揭发/揭露某事
·be exposed to 接触……;暴露于……
10.work out 弄懂某事物;计算出;锻炼;产生效果;解决;制定
[高考溯源] (2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)
Determined to turn her life around,Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a healthy lifestyle,before discovering a passion for weightlifting.(锻炼)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/写出下列句子中work out的含义
(1)①Work 　　　　 the problems that make you feel stressed and avoid them.
②(2023·全国乙卷)Born to a Jewish family in Florence,she moved to Paris where she worked
　　　　 a physician and performed surgery.
(2)③The teacher can help you work out a training plan and keep you active.　　　　　　　
④I want to follow David’s example but it never worked out for me.　　　　　　　
⑤With such busy lives,it can be hard to try to find the time to work out.　　　　　　　
⑥It doesn’t take much brain to work out that both stories can’t be true.　　　　　　　
⑦Whoever can work out the complex problem will be praised by our teacher.　　　　　　　
【答案】 (1)①out　②as　(2)③制定　④产生效果　⑤锻炼　⑥弄懂　⑦计算出
·work on 从事(某工作);致力于
work (hard) at (努力)学习;(认真)做
work with 与……共事/合作
work as 作为/担任(某职务)
·at work 在工作;上班
out of work 失业
11.as a result作为结果
[高考溯源](2024·浙江1月卷)
As a result,since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project.(作为结果)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)①(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)When enough of these errors are averaged together,they cancel each other out,　　　　 (result) in a more accurate estimate.
②(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as 　　　　 result of the classes.
(2)懒人是学不好英语的。因此,是他的懒惰导致了他英语考试的失败。
③Lazy people can’t learn English well.He is lazy.　　　　　　　　,he failed in the English exam.
④Lazy people can’t learn English well.He failed in the English exam 　　　　　　　　　　　　his laziness.
⑤Lazy people can’t learn English well,so it was his laziness that　　　　　　　　 his failure in the English exam.
⑥Lazy people can’t learn English well,so his failure in the English exam　　　　　　　　 his laziness.
【答案】 (1)①resulting　②a　(2)③As a result
④as a result of　⑤resulted in　⑥resulted from
·as a result of 因为;由于
without result 徒劳;毫无结果
·result in 导致;造成;结果是
result from 由……造成/导致
1.祈使句+并列连词+sb (will/might) do
[教材原句] Be flexible in your opinions and you might end up agreeing with the speaker/writer after all.
灵活处理你的观点,最终,你也许会同意说话人或是作者的观点。
[语境运用] 完成句子
①多吃健康食物,不然你的身体迟早会垮掉。(应用文写作之建议信)
Eat more healthy food 　　　　　　　　　　　 sooner or later.
②想办法经常表扬你的孩子,你就会发现他们会对你敞开心扉。(读后续写之主题升华)
Find ways to praise your children often 　　　　　　　　　　　　 they will open their hearts to you.
③约翰对同伴们说:“快点,不然天黑之前我们就到不了目的地了。”(读后续写之语言描写)
“ 　,” John said to his companions.
④正在这时,妈妈的话语突然出现在我的脑海中,“冷静下来,认真考虑一下,你会找到解决办法的。”(读后续写之情境描写)
Just then,what my mother said flashed into my mind,“ 　.”
⑤“早到五分钟的话,我们就能赶上末班车了,”汤姆懊悔地说。(读后续写之语言描写)
“　 ,” Tom said regretfully.
【答案】 ①or you’ll break down　②and you’ll find　③Hurry up,or we won’t get to our destination before dark　④Calm down,think it over and you will find a solution　⑤Five minutes earlier and we could have caught the last bus
(1)祈使句表示条件,陈述句表示结果。表示顺承关系时用and,表示转折关系时用or。
(2)该结构中祈使句有时可用名词短语替代,如:
A little patience and everything will be all right.
耐心一点,一切都会好起来的。
2.no matter how引导让步状语从句
[教材原句] If you try to find out the source of an idea,no matter how crazy it seems,you will increase your chance of learning something.
如果你试图找出一个想法的来源,无论这个想法看起来多么不可思议,你都更有机会学到一些东西。
[高考溯源](2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
Whatever it is,no matter how small it might seem,write it down.(无论到什么程度)
[语境运用] 完成句子
①“无论发生什么事,爸爸妈妈会一直在你身边,”妈妈微笑着对我说。(读后续写之语言描写)
“ 　,”Mum smiled to me and said.
②“不管情况有多么复杂,总是会有解决办法的,因此不要惊慌失措,”爸爸常说的话出现在我的脑海中。(读后续写之情境描写)
“ 　　　　　　　　　　　,”what my father often said appeared in my mind.
③用你所有的精力去追求你的梦想,不管别人怎么想。(读后续写之主题升华)
Chase after your dream with all your energy,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
④不管谁指出我们的缺点,我们都应该改正。(读后续写之个人成长)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,we should correct them.
【答案】 ①No matter what/Whatever happens,Mum and Dad will be always with you　②No matter how/However complex the situation is,there is always a solution,so don’t panic　③no matter what/whatever other people think　④Whoever/No matter who points out our weaknesses
(1)no matter what/who/which/when/where/how引导让步状语从句,意为“无论什么/谁/哪个/何时/何地/到什么程度”,相当于whatever/whoever/whichever/whenever/wherever/however。
(2)“no matter+疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句,而whatever、whoever、whichever除了引导让步状语从句外,还可以引导名词性从句。
[教材原句] So ①if someone says that dinosaurs still exist today,think about ②why they believe this.
因此,如果有人说现在还有恐龙,那就想想他们为什么会相信这一点。
分析:句①是if引导的条件状语从句;句②是why引导的宾语从句。
[语境运用] 场景句式练习
①因此,如果一个好朋友突然疏远你,那就想一想他/她为什么这样做。
So if a good friend suddenly pulls away from you,think about why he/she acts like this.
②因此,当一个孩子突然表现得不一样时,跟他/她谈谈这件事,弄明白他/她为什么这样做。
So when a child suddenly behaves differently,talk to him/her about it and find out why he/she does it.
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
　　Most people assume that the human brain is set on “automatic”,1.　　　　 isn’t always true.We need to train ourselves to be better learners.This 2.　　　　 (call) “active learning”.There are two kinds of voices:the inner voice and the outer voice.Your inner voice expresses your personal opinions,3.　　　　 the outer voice tells you about opinions from what you hear or read.Active learners focus on what the speaker/writer is saying.If you find your inner voice difficult 4.　　　　 (control),you can argue 5.　　　　 it.Be flexible in your opinions and you might end up 6.　　　　 (agree) with the speaker/writer after all.Asking questions is the 7.　　　　 (easy) way to promote active learning.When you get information from someone,from books or the Internet,ask some questions.The answers will lead you to 8.　　　　 (far) learning.Active learners attempt to find the 9.　　　　 (true) at the heart of each idea.Active learners do not judge people 10.　　　　(base) on first impressions or personal feelings.Instead,they separate the message from the messenger.So don’t just assume that some people are always right because of who they are or just because they are your friends.
【答案】 1.which　2.is called　3.while　4.to control　5.with　6.agreeing　7.easiest　8.further　9.truth　10.based
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.(2025·浙江1月卷)A novel design approach 　　　　 gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide.
2.(2025·浙江1月卷)Eschewing fertilizers (化肥) and power tools,it’s 　　　　 (base) on an elegantly simple principle:to garden more like nature does.
3.(2024·北京卷)Signing up for the programme does not 　　　　(automatic) mean that you will be able to register and participate.
4.(2024·北京卷)Because 　　　　(argue) angrily leads to chaos,it was strongly discouraged.
5.(2024·北京卷)My friends all jumped up in 　　　　(excite) and asked me,“Will you be going,Amy ”
6.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Susan 　　　　(promote) to receptionist,but he recognized her immediately and addressed her by name.
7.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)I told him that thanks to his generosity and 　　　　(time) help,everything had gone smoothly.
8.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Education outside the classroom cannot 　　　　(ignore).
9.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Groups of five or more require special 　　　　(arrange) and must be confirmed in advance.
10.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The latest engineering　　　　(technique) are applied to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful.
11.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)If you want 　　　　(publish),it’s vital to submit a perfect,professionally presented manuscript (原稿).
12.(2024·浙江1月卷)This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to experiment with dozens of titles that I would never 　　　　(normal) consider buying.And I’ve discovered some great books!
13.(2024·浙江1月卷)It is so easy to let an online course slide,but your grades will suffer as
　　　　 result.
14.(2024·九省联考)As prey animals,parrots are often frightened by 　　　　(expose) to new household items or strangers.
15.Undoubtedly,the increasing popularity of Hanfu is a 　　　　(reflect) of Chinese cultural confidence.
【答案】 1.to　2.based　3.automatically　4.arguing　5.excitement　6.had been promoted　7.timely　8.be ignored　9.arrangements　10.techniques　11.to be published　12.normally　13.a　14.exposure　15.reflection
你班英语老师让同学们以“Effective ways of learning English”为主题写一篇发言稿。
1.我想和大家分享一些学习英语的有效策略。(effective;strategy)
I’d like to share with you some effective strategies for learning English.
2.和外国朋友交谈也是一个好方法。(approach)
Having conversations with a foreign friend is also a good approach.
3.更多地接触英语是十分重要的。(expose)
Exposing yourself to English more is of great importance.
4.当碰到一些不熟悉的单词时,不要马上查词典。(unfamiliar)
When coming across some unfamiliar words,don’t refer to the dictionary right away.
5.根据上下文猜测不熟悉的单词的意思或者请教你的同伴。(partner)
Guess the meaning of the unfamiliar words based on context or turn to your partner.
6.当我们看到这些单词时,记住它们并尝试灵活地使用它们。(memorise;attempt;flexibly)
Memorise the words when we see them and attempt to use them flexibly.
7.我们不能忽视及时复习它们的重要性。(ignore;brush up on;timely)
We cannot ignore the importance of brushing up on them timely.
8.简而言之,英语学习并不是一段短暂又轻松的旅程,它需要我们不断努力学习。(in short)
In short,English learning is not a short and easy journey,and it needs our continuous hard work.
[句式升级]
1.将第2、第3句合并为一句。
Having conversations with a foreign friend is also a good approach,because exposing yourself to English more is of great importance.
2.将第6、第7句合并为一句。
Memorise the words when we see them and attempt to use them flexibly,and we cannot ignore the importance of brushing up on them timely.
[连句成篇]
　　用过渡性词语或句子把上述句子连接成一篇短文,保持句意通顺,情节完整。过渡性词语或句子加黑。
　　Hello,everyone!I’d like to share with you some effective strategies for learning English.
　　Firstly,watching English movies and listening to English songs are great ways to learn it.By watching English movies and listening to English songs,we can learn some new words and expressions.Secondly,having conversations with a foreign friend is also a good approach,because exposing yourself to English more is of great importance.We can start it with greetings or a question.Moreover,smile before we speak and do not feel shy.Besides,when coming across some unfamiliar words,don’t refer to the dictionary right away.Instead,guess the meaning of the unfamiliar words based on context or turn to your partner.In addition,write four or five words every day on paper and place the paper in our rooms.Memorise the words when we see them and attempt to use them flexibly,and we cannot ignore the importance of brushing up on them timely.
　　In short,English learning is not a short and easy journey,and it needs our continuous hard work.
1.a heavy/sinking heart 沉重的心情
2.follow your heart 遵从你的内心
3.a light heart 轻松的心情
4.lose heart 灰心;丧失信心;泄气
5.lose one’s heart to 倾心于;爱上(某人或某事物)
6.open one’s heart to sb 对某人敞开心扉
7.feel heartbroken 感到心碎
8.the heartbreaking news 令人伤心欲绝的消息
9.lost in one’s grief 沉浸在悲伤中
10.be drowning in sorrow 正沉浸在悲伤之中
11.be overwhelmed with/by joy喜出望外
12.tears of joy in one’s eyes 眼中闪烁着喜悦的泪光
1.Joy welled up in his heart.
他的心里充满了欢乐。
2.There were tears streaming down her cheeks,but she tried to hold back her sobs.
泪水顺着她的脸颊流下,但她试图忍住抽泣。
3.She felt like her heart was being torn apart as she watched him walk away.
看着他走开,她感觉自己的心被撕裂了。
4.With a heavy/sinking heart,she watched him.
她心情沉重地看着他。
5.The heaviness in her heart made it difficult for her to breathe,as if she was drowning in sorrow.
她心中的沉重让她难以呼吸,仿佛正沉浸在悲伤之中。
6.Just follow your heart and you’ll be happy.
遵从你的内心,你会开心的。
7.Relief filled his heart.
他如释重负。
8.My heart aches when I think of their sorrow.
当我想到他们的悲伤时,我就很心痛。
9.Her heart was pounding with excitement.
她的心激动得怦怦直跳。
10.She couldn’t contain her excitement and hugged her friend tightly,tears of joy in her eyes.
她无法抑制自己的激动,紧紧拥抱着她的朋友,眼中闪烁着喜悦的泪光。
11.The boy lay on his back,staring at the starry sky and looked upset.
男孩仰面躺着,凝视着繁星点点的天空,看起来心烦意乱。
读后续写微技能
点训练——“走、跑、跳”
tiptoe蹑手蹑脚 stride大步走 sneak鬼鬼祟祟地走 limp瘸着走 wander漫步 pace来回踱步 stroll漫步闲逛 走 crawl/creep/climb爬行 walk走 slip悄悄疾行 slide悄悄溜走 trudge跋涉,费力地走 stumble/stagger跌跌撞撞地走 drag one’s feet拖着脚步
run跑 dash猛冲;急奔 race快速奔跑 rush急速行进 charge猛冲 sprint全力冲刺 (速度快且持续时间短) 跑 jog慢跑 trot小跑;快步;疾走 gallop(马等四足动物)飞奔,疾驰 bolt突然快速移动 scamper轻快地跑,蹦蹦跳跳地跑(小动物或孩童)
jump双脚向上跳 skip双脚交替小步跳 bounce向前或向上双脚跳跃 hop单脚跳 leap跳跃 spring突然迅速地跳起 跳 bound轻快地跳,跳跃前进 vault撑跳,跃过 hop on/off快速跳上/跳下(交通工具等) jump to one’s feet猛地跳起来(强调动作迅速) jump up and down上下跳(常表达兴奋、激动的情绪)
线训练——“走、跑、跳”
　　从学校回家的路上,汤姆看到一只美丽的蝴蝶,便开始追赶它。当汤姆追逐蝴蝶时,他的心中充满了冒险的感觉。当觉得自己就要抓住它的时候,他兴奋地上下蹦跳。蝴蝶飞走了,但汤姆仍然跳跃着追赶它。然而,过了一会儿,蝴蝶消失在他的视线中,他开始拖着脚步,漫无目的地闲逛。最后,当他回到家时,他蹑手蹑脚地走着,不想打扰任何人。汤姆不知道,在他进行这场小小的冒险时,他的母亲正在焦急地等待着他。在屋里,他的母亲正来回踱步,担心着他的安全。
On the way home from school,Tom saw a beautiful butterfly and started to ①dash after it.As Tom chased the butterfly,his heart was filled with a sense of adventure.
When he thought he was about to catch it,he ②jumped up and down in excitement.
The butterfly flew away,but Tom still ③bounced after it.
However,after a while,the butterfly was out of his sight,and he started to ④drag his feet as he ⑤wandered aimlessly.
Eventually,when he got back to his house,he ⑥tiptoed and didn’t want to disturb anyone.
Tom had no idea that while he was on his little adventure,his mother was anxiously waiting for him.Inside,his mother ⑦was pacing back and forth,worried about his safety.
面训练——“走、跑、跳”
要求:请根据线训练,再结合括号中的提示完成句式升级,并续写后续内容,使故事情节更加
完整。
　　After a long day at school,Tom was looking forward to going home and relaxing.Little did he know that an unexpected encounter would change the course of his afternoon.
　　①It was on the way home from school that Tom saw a beautiful butterfly (强调句) and started to dash after it.②When thinking he was about to catch it(省略句),he jumped up and down in excitement.As Tom chased the butterfly,his heart was filled with a sense of excitement.The butterfly flew away,but Tom still bounced after it.However,after a while,③with the butterfly out of his sight(with复合结构),he started to drag his feet as he wandered aimlessly.Eventually,when he got back to his house,he tiptoed,④not wanting to disturb anyone(现在分词作结果状语).Tom had no idea that while he was on his little adventure,his mother was anxiously waiting for him.Inside,his mother,⑤pacing back and forth(现在分词作伴随状语),was worried about his safety.⑥On hearing his footsteps,she rushed to Tom,her eyes softening.“Where have you been ”she asked,though there was no blame in her voice.Realizing his carelessness had turned a simple butterfly chase into a family emergency,Tom promised to his mom that he’d never make her worry like that again.
点训练——“喜悦、高兴、激动”
cheerful 开心的 delighted 愉快的 pleased 开心的 joyful 快乐的 content 满意的 fulfilled 满足的 thrilled 激动的 excited 兴奋的 a broad grin 咧嘴大笑 喜悦、 高兴、 激动 dance/jump for joy 高兴地跳舞/跳跃 bounce up and down 跳上跳下 wear a smiling face 面带微笑 be wild with delight 欣喜若狂 eyes twinkle with happiness眼里闪烁着快乐的光芒 be overcome with joy 被喜悦淹没 heart pounding with excitement心脏因激动而狂跳 be immersed in joy 沉浸在喜悦中 skip towards the stage 蹦跳着走向舞台
线训练——“喜悦、高兴、激动”
　　萨拉听到自己被宣布为获胜者。她面带微笑,这笑容很快化作咧嘴大笑。她喜笑颜开。眼里闪烁着快乐的光芒,她蹦跳着走向舞台,幸福的泪水滑落。朋友们纷纷拥抱她。大家疯狂地拍手,跳上跳下,沉浸在喜悦中。
Sarah heard her name called as the winner.
She ①wore a smiling face and it quickly became ②a broad grin.
Her face beamed with joy.
Her eyes were ③twinkling with happiness.
She ④skipped towards the stage and tears of joy fell.
Her friends threw arms around her.
They clapped hands wildly,and they all ⑤bounced up and down.All of them ⑥were immersed in joy.
面训练——“喜悦、高兴、激动”
　　要求:请根据线训练,再结合括号中的提示完成句式升级,并续写后续内容,使故事情节更加完整。
The crowd held its breath as the host announced the winner.Sarah heard her name called as the winner.①Beaming with joy (现在分词作状语),she wore a smiling face ②that quickly became a broad grin (定语从句).③With her eyes twinkling (with复合结构) with happiness,she skipped towards the stage,④tears of joy falling (独立主格结构).Her friends threw arms around her.⑤Clapping hands wildly (现在分词作状语),they all bounced up and down,⑥immersed in joy (过去分词作状语).⑦A wave of cheers crashed over the stage.In this shining moment,her victory proved that hard work pays off,and by sharing the joy,she made the triumph even more meaningful.必修　第三册
UNIT 7　ART
1.figure n.人像,人形;数字;身材,体形;人物
v.估计;计算;弄懂;认为
[高考溯源](2023·全国甲卷)
Confucius is a well-known figure in Chinese history.(n.人物)
(2024·浙江1月卷)
When Coach Pitt blew his whistle (哨子),Eva figured she would be left in the dust.(v.认为)
[语境运用] 一词多义/完成句子
(1)①She is dieting to keep her figure although she is slim enough.　　　　　　　
②He removed the figures from the board and started to write something.　　　　　　　
③So far,he has been a figure in this area by kindness and honesty.　　　　　　　
④I was frightened at the sight of the task.But then I figured that I’d better just go all out and see what would happen.　　　　　　　
⑤When figuring out the total cost of the trip,my mother shook her head and refused to go there.　　　　　　　
(2)⑥她每天早上做运动以保持体形。
She does exercise every morning to 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
⑦他是一个我们总能指望他完成任务的人。
He is a person　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to complete his jobs.
·figure out理解;弄懂;弄清楚;算出
figure on 指望;打算
figure that...认为……
·a political figure一位政治人物
keep one’s figure保持体形
have a good figure身材好;形象好
2.affect vt.影响
effect n.影响,后果
affection n.感情;喜爱
[高考溯源] (2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)
These effects aren’t just short-term but have been proved to affect a teen’s well-being in the years to come.(vt.影响)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)①They will go to help those people 　　　　(affect) by the flood.
②A study reported last fall suggests that having a pet dog not only raises your spirits but may also have an effect 　　　　 your eating habits.
③Brought up by my grandparents,I have a strong 　　　　(affect) for them.
(2)(因为)观众们被深深打动了,他们热烈鼓掌,掌声经久不息。
④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,they warmly applauded for a long time.(because引导原因状语从句)
⑤　　　　　　　　　,the audience warmly applauded for a long time.(过去分词作原因状语)
·be deeply/greatly affected by...被……深深打动
be affected with high fever 发高烧
be affected by the heat/cold 中暑/着凉
·have an affection for 喜欢,钟爱
·have an effect on 对……有影响
3.scene n.景色
scenic adj.风景优美的;观光的;舞台布景的
[高考溯源](2023·全国乙卷)
After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks,we decided to photograph the scene at sunset.(n.景色)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①Firefighters will remain 　　　　 the scene until later this morning to ensure that the fire won’t start up again.
②Though it is 20 years since we last met,I still remember the scene 　　　　 we got separated on a rainy day.
③There was a sea of faces on every 　　　　(scene) spot in China during the Spring Festival.
(2)④多谢,不过我觉得这的确应该归功于那些幕后工作人员。
Thanks a lot.But I do feel the credit should go to those who work　　　　　　　　　　　　.
⑤现在,“00后”是时候登场了。
Now,it’s time for the post-2000s generation　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
on the scene在场;到场
behind the scenes 在幕后
hit the scene登场;出现
scene作定语从句的先行词并且在从句中作地点状语时,从句用where引导,类似用法的单词还有situation,point,journey,life,atmosphere等。
4.refer v.提到;谈到;查阅,参考
reference n.谈到;提及;参考,查阅
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/写出下列句子中refer to的含义
(1)①I think you’re 　　　　 (refer) to the fact that performers often sing with very high voices.
②What surprised us was that he talked about two hours without referring 　　　　 his note.
③(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)I keep two 　　　　(refer) books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典).
④This typical sleep pattern is usually referred to 　　　　 the “night owl” schedule of sleep.
(2)⑤You can refer to a dictionary to check the spelling.　　　　　　　
⑥The word “business” also refers to an organisation that provides goods and services.　　　　
⑦He didn’t refer to that famous scientist in his speech.　　　　　　　
·refer to提到;参考,查阅;涉及;指的是
refer to...as...把……称作……
refer...to...把……提交给……
·reference book 参考书;工具书
in/with reference to 关于
表示“查词典”的结构有:
refer to/consult a dictionary=look up sth in a dictionary
5.struggle n.奋斗;[C]难事;斗争;努力
vi.奋斗,努力,拼搏;挣扎
[高考溯源] (2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)
Instead of correcting others when they were struggling to pronounce my name,I just smiled and nodded approvingly.(vi.努力)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①The country has to struggle 　　　　 all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad.
②Workers are struggling 　　　　 better pay and working conditions.
(2)③听了这话,女人挣扎着站起来,向门口走去。
Hearing this,the woman 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and walked to the door.
④他母亲努力冷静了下来,而不是和他发生争吵。
His mother 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 instead of getting into an argument with him.
⑤对我来说,适应这种新的生活方式很困难。

　　　　　　　　 the new lifestyle.
·struggle for 为……而奋斗/斗争
struggle with/against 与……作斗争
struggle to do sth 努力做某事
struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
·It is a struggle for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事很困难
6.respond vi.& vt.回应,回复;作出反应
response n.回应,回复;反应
[高考溯源] (2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)
I forced a smile,unsure how to respond further.(vi.作出反应)
(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
This happened some of the time,but it wasn’t the dominant response.(n.反应)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)①(2024·浙江1月卷)A similar process is at work in our 　　　　(respond) to information.
②The product was developed in response 　　　　customer demand.
③To our surprise,the company refused to respond 　　　　 the news.
(2)不要对任何要求提供私人信息的邮件作出答复,不管它们看起来多么正式。
④　　　　　　　　　　　 any emails requesting personal information,no matter how official they look.(respond)
⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　 any emails requesting personal information,no matter how official they look.(response)
·respond to 答复……;对……作出反应
·in response to 对……作出反应
make (a) response to 对……作出回应/答复
7.hesitate vi.犹豫;踌躇;迟疑
hesitation n.踌躇;犹豫;不情愿
[高考溯源](2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
I walked over and asked him why he wasn’t with the other children.He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run.(vi.犹豫,迟疑)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)①He never hesitates 　　　　 (help) those in trouble because he is a kind-hearted man.
②He was still hesitating 　　　　 whether to apologise to her or not.
③Without any 　　　　(hesitate),she took off her shoes,jumped into the water and swam to the drowning child.
(2)我们随时为您服务。如果您有任何进一步的要求,请毫不犹豫地来找我们帮忙。
④We are at your service.Please 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 if you have any further requests.(not hesitate to do sth)
⑤We are at your service.Please 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 if you have any further requests.(without hesitation)
⑥We are at your service.Please 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 if you have any further requests.(have no hesitation in doing sth)
·hesitate to do sth迟疑做某事,犹豫做某事
not hesitate to do sth 毫不犹豫做某事,尽管做某事
hesitate about/in/at/over (doing) sth对(做)某事犹豫不决
·without (any) hesitation 毫不犹豫地
have no hesitation in doing sth毫不犹豫地做某事
8.charge n.主管;负责;费用;充电
v.收费;充电;控告;使……承担责任
[高考溯源] (2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
New solid-state batteries will take a car farther on a single charge.(n.充电)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/语境串词/一句多译
(1)①The police charged the thief 　　　　 stealing the jewels.
②The old man charged me twenty yuan 　　　　 repairing this pair of shoes.
③With the ticket,you may get a portion of French fries free 　　　　 charge.
(2)④负责该公司的经理由于向给电池充电的顾客收费1 000美元而被控告。事实上,充电是免费的。
The manager 　　　　　　　　 the company　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the customer 1,000 dollars　　　　　　　the battery.Actually,it was 　　　　　　　　　.
(3)他将负责这个部门。
⑤He 　 .
(take charge of)
⑥He 　　 　　.(in charge of)
⑦The department 　　　　 　　　　　　.(in the charge of)
·charge sb money for (doing) sth 因(做)某事而向某人收费
charge sb with (doing) sth =accuse sb of (doing) sth 因(做)某事指控某人;指控某人(做了)某事
get charged 充电;被指控;被收费
·in charge of 负责,掌管
in the charge of...由……负责,被……掌管
take charge of 接管,控制;负责
free of charge 免费
9.permission n.允许;许可;批准
permit vt.允许,许可
vi.& vt.(使)成为可能
n.许可证,执照
[高考溯源] (2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)
Permission of parents and activity fees are required to participate in all field trips.(n.允许;许可)
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①With your 　　　　(permit),I’d like to ask your son a few questions.
②The security system will not permit you　　　　(enter) without the correct password.
③Time 　　　　(permit),I will go to Hainan this summer vacation.
(2)④未经允许,任何人不准进入此实验室。
　　　　　　　　,no one shall step into this lab.
⑤我们出去之前,我得给我父亲打个电话征得他的同意。
I need to call my father and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 before we go out.
·without (one’s) permission未经(某人的)允许
with one’s permission在某人允许的情况下
ask (for) permission 请求许可
give permission 批准,许可
·permit sb to do sth(=allow sb to do sth)允许某人做某事
weather/time permitting 天气/时间允许的话
1.not...but...
[教材原句] Art is not what you see,but what you make others see.
艺术不是你看到什么,而是你让其他人看到什么。
[高考溯源](2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调)that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes.(不是……而是……)
[语境运用] 完成句子
①我意识到成功的秘诀不在于你在何时或何地出生,而在于你正在做什么以及你在生活中是如何做的。(读后续写之主题升华)
I realise the secret to success lies 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 what you are doing and how you do it in your life.
②电话找的不是你,而是她。
Not you but she 　　　 　.
③妈妈告诉他,使她生气的不是他所犯的错误,而是他没有勇气为他的错误承担责任。(读后续写之情绪描写)
Mum told him that

　.
④生命的价值不在于我们活了多少天,而在于我们如何利用这些日子。(读后续写之主题升华)
The value of life lies

　　　　　　　　　　　　.
2.not until的强调句型
[教材原句] It was not until Caroline Unger,one of the singers,took his arm and turned him to face the audience that the great man realised his symphony was a success.
直到歌手卡洛琳·昂格尔拉着他的手臂转向观众,这位伟人才意识到他的交响乐取得了成功。
[高考溯源] (2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
The students aren’t dismissed until 3:30.(直到……才……)
[语境运用] 一句多译
直到又一次失败他才意识到他浪费了太多的时间。(读后续写之心理描写)
①He
　　　　　　　　　　　　 he failed a second time.(not...until...)
②　　　　　　　　　　　 he failed a second time　
　　　　　　　　　　　.(强调句)
③　　　　　　　　 he failed a second time 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　 　　　.(倒装句)
直到抬头看,他才意识到天已经黑了,其他朋友也不知去向。(读后续写之动作描写)
④


(not...until...)
⑤


(强调句)
⑥


(倒装句)
3.It is said that...
[教材原句] It is said that the two artists admired each other.
据说两位艺术家惺惺相惜。
[语境运用] 翻译句子
①据说长城是去北京旅游的一处必游之地。因此,我建议你的第一站是长城。(应用文写作之推荐信)
②众所周知,北京有许多值得参观的名胜古迹。(应用文写作之推荐信)
③人们普遍认为袁隆平是世界上最伟大的科学家之一。(应用文写作之人物介绍)
④据说共享单车将有助于改善城市环境。(应用文写作之倡议书)
[教材原句] ①What is strange is ②that above the house and the tree,we see a daytime sky full of brightness and soft white clouds.
奇怪的是,在房子和树木之上,我们看到明亮的天空和柔软的白云。
分析:句①是what引导　　　　从句且在从句中作主语;句②是that引导　　　　从句。
[语境运用] 场景句式练习
①奇怪的是,当我们回到家时,我们看到大门旁边有一个装满新鲜水果的篮子。
②令人感到不可思议的是,在岩石缝里长了一棵苹果树,上面结满了红彤彤的苹果。
③奇妙的是,在森林深处有这么静谧的一个地方,这里已经变成了孩子们的第二个家,他们可以在这儿自由地玩耍。
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
In June 1889,Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night when staying at a home for the
1.　　　　 (mental) ill,which shows the night sky with circles of white and yellow.Some experts think Van Gogh’s mental illness may have an effect 2.　　　　 his sense of sight.Nowadays,the painting is one of the world’s most famous 3.　　　　 (painting).
Edvard Munch was suffering a lot of pain because of his mental health problems in 1893 and he painted The Scream.It is so 4.　　　　 (strike) that it shows a thin figure with an expression of fear,5.　　　　 mouth is wide open and letting out a 6.　　　　 (power) scream.
The Empire of Light 7.　　　　(paint) by René Magritte between 1953 and 1954,who was a painter 8.　　　　 (inspire) by his own thoughts and ideas.The painting shows a beautiful house lit by lights from inside,surrounded by the darkness of night,but there is a daytime sky above the house.Different people show different 9.　　　　 (react) to the paintings.Some think they look dark and troubling,but others find them calming.As for Magritte himself,he thought that the change between day 10.　　　　 night in the paintings was surprising.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.(2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Consider 　　　 　 (fail) as a stepping stone to success and never give up.
2.(2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)She said it was all down to some key 　　　　(aspect).
3.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome.Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for 　　　　(young) under the age of 15.
4.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI—the technology companies and world leaders—so they are on the same page as all the experts 　　　　(current) developing it.
5.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)The loss of what travel offers would be 　　　　(acceptable) in today’s world.Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience.
6.(2024·全国甲卷)Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming 　　　　(exhibit) of American Watercolors,1880—1990:Into the Light.
7.(2024·北京卷)However,hedgehogs remain open to others’ 　　　　(react) and inputs.
8.(2024·浙江1月卷)Hoping to impress some 　　　　(talent) actors to come and work for me for nothing,I spread some throws over the sofas and lit candles to make it seem a bit more “young professional”.
9.(2024·浙江1月卷)We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world,and our brains developed a 　　　　(respond) mechanism to these treats that reflected their value—a feeling of reward and satisfaction.
10.(2024·浙江1月卷)He was in the cast of “Tom Sawyer” when it was first　　　　(perform) and is a Children’s Theatre regular,with five shows to his credit.
11.(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Behind it,the person is trying to figure 　　　　 who exactly I teach...the animals
12.(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)We see　　　　 (scene) of children learning to read at home or at school,with the book as a focus for relations between the generations.
假设你是李华,你的外国朋友Henry想了解你们学校正在举行的中国画画展,请你写信告知他有关信息。
1.我写信是为了告知你我们学校正在举办的中国画画展。(exhibition)
2.展览在一种轻松的氛围中举行。(atmosphere)
3.展览汇集了许多名作。(masterpiece)
4.一些人物画也包括在内。(figure)
5.这些画令人振奋,和我们形成情感上的共鸣。(uplifting)
6.前来欣赏这些画的人都说这是一场视觉盛宴。(appreciate)
7.他们总是面带灿烂的笑容。(broad)
8.想了解更多有关的信息,请尽管找我。(hesitate)
[句式升级]
1.将第2、第3、第4句合并为一句。
2.将第6、第7句合并为一句。
[连句成篇]
　　用过渡性词语或句子把上述句子连接成一篇短文,保持句意通顺,情节完整。过渡性词语或句子加黑。
1.a rainbow hanging in the sky 挂在空中的一道彩虹
2.be bathed in silver moonlight 沐浴在银色的月光下
3.a dark starless night一个昏暗的、没有星星的夜晚
4.the warm amber-like sunshine温暖的琥珀色的阳光
5.be dotted with sparkling stars繁星点点
6.be lit by a full moon 被满月照亮
7.beyond description难以描述,无法形容
8.the breathtaking sunset壮丽的日落
9.beautiful natural scenery美丽的自然风光
10.hide behind the clouds 躲到云后面
11.shine like diamonds 如钻石般闪耀
12.burst through the clouds 破云而出
13.rain cats and dogs 倾盆大雨
14.as quiet as ink paintings 静得如水墨画一般
1.The sun peeks over the horizon,painting the sky with shades of orange and pink.
太阳从地平线上探出头来,给天空染上了橙色和粉色的色调。
2.The stars twinkled like diamonds in the vast night sky.
星星在浩瀚的夜空中闪烁,犹如钻石一般。
3.The sunrise is a magical moment,filling the world with warmth and hope.
日出是一个神奇的时刻,让世界充满温暖和希望。
4.The moon washed the woods with a gentle light.The stars twinkled,like children’s curious eyes blinking with anticipation.
月亮用柔和的光洗刷着树林。星星闪烁着,像孩子好奇的眼睛闪烁着期待。
5.The sound came swiftly nearer,and became a wild roar,filling the whole valley.
这声音很快靠近了,变成了狂吼,响彻整个山谷。
6.During autumn,these mountains are gold,and in winter they are covered with sheets of white frost.
在秋天,这些山脉是金色的,而在冬天,它们身披层层的白霜。
7.The roar of the waves and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast.
海浪的咆哮和海鸟的鸣叫组成了海岸的音乐。
8.The leaves had almost all fallen off,creating a sea of fiery colours that crunched beneath our feet.
树叶几乎都掉光了,形成了一片火红的海洋,在我们脚下嘎吱作响。
9.Everything had suddenly gone quiet.Birds didn’t chirp,leaves didn’t rustle and insects didn’t sing.A feeling of stillness crept up on me.
万物突然安静。鸟儿不再鸣叫,树叶不再沙沙作响,昆虫停止歌唱。一种寂静的感觉悄然向我袭来。

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