资源简介

UNIT 4　SHARING
题组训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·福建福州三模)
SUSTAINABLE FARMING EXPERIENCE
Zhongshan,Guangdong
Volunteer Project
Considering sustainable farming as a way to keep ecological balance,this project is created with a mission to reconnect urban residents to nature and to promote a healthy,sustainable lifestyle through tailor-made activities.The project host is an organic farm and shelter for many farm animals.
Volunteer Activities
·Farming and harvesting herbs,fruits and vegetables
·Picking and packaging herbs,fruits and vegetables
·Caring of farm animals (feeding,exercise,etc.)
·Helping with daily operation and general maintenance of the farm
·Participating in discussions on change making ideas and examples of sustainable farming
·Other duties assigned by the farm staff
Special Requirements
Volunteers should love working with animals and have no sensitivity reaction to animals.
Accommodation
Simple and basic accommodation is provided in the farm.Beddings are also available.There are tents for volunteers who wish to camp.Volunteers need to bring a sleeping bag.
Location (Zhongshan,Guangdong Province)
Located in Guangdong Province,Zhongshan is a city of great popularity.When you are here,you can visit a series of historical attractions related to Sun Yat-sen.Here you can also enjoy the famous Cantonese cuisine,while visiting the charming downtown river area and some beautiful Buddhist temples.
(　　)1.What is the aim of the project
A.To run an organic farm. B.To build an animal shelter.
C.To keep the natural balance. D.To advocate an eco-friendly lifestyle.
(　　)2.What are volunteers expected to do
A.Adopt farm animals. B.Collect farm produce.
C.Direct the farm staff. D.Schedule farm routine.
(　　)3.What can we know about this project
A.Volunteers may interact with animals. B.The farm provides Cantonese cuisine.
C.The farm offers free downtown trips. D.Volunteers must bring beddings along.
B
There’s something satisfying about volunteering.Studies have shown that volunteering helps people who donate their time feel more socially connected,thus warding off loneliness and depression.But a growing body of evidence suggests that people who give their time to others might also be rewarded with better physical health,including lower blood pressure and a longer lifespan.
Evidence of volunteerism’s physical effects can be found in a study from Carnegie Mellon University,published in a journal.Adults over age 50 who volunteered on a regular basis were less likely to develop high blood pressure than non-volunteers.High blood pressure is an important indicator of health because it contributes to heart disease,stroke and premature death.
It’s impossible for this study to prove that volunteering was directly responsible for the lower blood pressure.People who volunteer may be more likely to do other things,like eating a healthy diet or exercising,which lower blood pressure.But the results are in line with other findings on the topic.
How might volunteering contribute to lower blood pressure Performing volunteer work could increase physical activity among people who aren’t otherwise very active,says leading study author Rodlescia Sneed,a doctoral candidate in social and health psychology at Carnegie Mellon University.It may also reduce stress.“Many people find voluntary work helpful with respect to stress reduction,and we know that stress is very strongly linked to health outcomes,” she says.
A study in a certain journal found that participants who volunteered with some regularity lived longer,but only if their intentions were truly altruistic (利他主义的).In other words,they had to be volunteering to help others—not to make themselves feel better.
The Greek philosopher Aristotle once guessed that the essence of life is “To serve others and do good.” If recent research is any indication,serving others might also be the essence of good health.
(　　)4.What does the underlined phrase “warding off” mean in Paragraph 1
A.Getting rid of. B.Keeping up with.
C.Running out of. D.Putting up with.
(　　)5.Why does the author mention the study from Carnegie Mellon University
A.To prove the benefit of volunteering to health.
B.To find out volunteerism’s physical effects on heart.
C.To explain the connection between exercise and health.
D.To warn readers of the danger of volunteering to blood pressure.
(　　)6.What can we learn from what Rodlescia Sneed said
A.Volunteers are supposed to be more outgoing.
B.Volunteer work can make people lack sports.
C.Taking appropriate exercise can strengthen social connection.
D.Performing volunteer work contributes to reducing stress.
(　　)7.What’s the text mainly about
A.Volunteering can lower blood pressure.
B.Volunteering is beneficial to mental health.
C.Volunteering may be good for body and mind.
D.Volunteering can avoid suffering from heart disease.
Ⅱ.读后续写(友情篇)
阅读下面的材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段话,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2025·山东临朐高三模拟)
Monday started out well.I woke up on time,ate breakfast and did some last minute studying for my first hour math test.I was confident of getting good grades.Then I left my house.Ten minutes later,I was settled with my friends on the school bus.We were busy chatting about how we spent our weekend.At one stop,Ryan got on hurriedly.He tripped (绊倒) over someone’s foot accidentally and THUMP! He fell flat onto the floor.
Every one of us on the bus looked on and laughed crazily.Ryan struggled to his feet,dusted (擦灰) off his jacket and made his way to an empty seat.He tried to laugh with us,but his face was burning with embarrassment.The rest of the morning flew by.I did well in my math test.I read two more chapters of a classic novel in English class.It wasn’t long before we heard the lunch bell.I met my friends from the cheerleading team in the dining hall.Then I couldn’t help but notice Ryan a few tables away,sitting all alone.He caught me looking.I smiled at him quickly and looked away.
When we had finished eating,we headed out to the courtyard to practise a cheer we would do at that night’s football game.After much practice,we finally managed to do the cheer perfectly.We decided to practise it again one last time.Again,just like the rest of my day so far,the cheer was going great.I raised my leg for one last toe touch.RIIPPP! I felt my jeans split down the middle of my backside.
I froze.I had no idea what to do but stand still.Then I heard people burst out laughing and I saw them pointing at my torn jeans.Trying to cover myself with my hands,I tried to laugh too,but I felt tears begin to well up in my eyes.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
Then I saw Ryan running towards me.
Paragraph 2:
That night,after the cheer at the football game,I found Ryan.
[情节构建]
情节线 情感线
速读文章定要素 Who 尴尬 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　
When
Where
What
明确冲突定主题 Conflict & Clue Conflict: Clue:
Theme
预设问题定走向 Para.1 Then I saw Ryan running towards me. Q1: Q2: Q3:
Para.2 That night,after the cheer at the football game,I found Ryan. Q1: Q2: Q3: UNIT 2　ICONIC ATTRACTIONS
以读促写
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·重庆育才中学全真模拟)
Must-see Landmarks for Your Xi’an Tour
Serving as the capital of China for 13 dynasties,Xi’an,capital of Shaanxi Province has numerous historical sites and relics.If you are planning a tour of Xi’an taking less than 3 days,check out these recommended attractions,which we think best capture the spirit of the ancient city.
The Terracotta Army
The Terracotta Army is one of the most significant archaeological finds in the world and one of the greatest discoveries of the 20th century.Discovered in 1974,the army of Terracotta Warriors was constructed by China’s first emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty.It is a collection of thousands of life-size terracotta soldiers,horses and chariots in battle formation,through which people can get a great insight into the history,military development and culture of ancient China in that period.
Ancient City Wall
Xi’an City Wall was built in the 14th century by Zhu Yuanzhang,the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty as a military defense system.Now it is one of the oldest and best-preserved Chinese city walls.When you take a walk or cycle on the massive wall,you can enjoy a good view of the city.
Dayan Pagoda
As one of China’s most famous Buddhist pagodas,Dayan Pagoda was built in the Tang Dynasty specially for the study of Buddhist scriptures.Situated in Ci’en Temple,the pagoda was built with layers of bricks and has a grand structure that gives it a holy appearance.It is a good example of traditional Chinese architecture.
【语篇导读】 本文是应用文。文章介绍了去西安旅游必去的三个旅游景点——秦始皇陵兵马俑、西安古城墙和大雁塔。
(　　)1.What do the Terracotta Army and Ancient City Wall have in common
A.They both reflect military history.
B.They show China’s first emperor’s ambition.
C.They are great discoveries of the 20th century.
D.They are the best-preserved tourist attractions.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据The Terracotta Army部分中的最后一句和Ancient City Wall部分中的第一句可知,秦始皇陵兵马俑和西安古城墙的共同之处在于它们都反映了军事历史。故选A。
(　　)2.What makes Dayan Pagoda special
A.Its building bricks.
B.Its grand structure.
C.Its holy appearance.
D.Its religious purpose.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据Dayan Pagoda部分中的第一句可知,大雁塔的特别之处在于它的建造是源于对佛经研究的用途。故选D。
(　　)3.Where is the text probably from
A.A geography textbook.
B.A news report.
C.A tourist guidebook.
D.A science magazine.
【答案】 C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据文章标题和第一段内容可知,本文介绍了去西安旅游必去的三个旅游景点。由此可推知,本文最有可能出自一本旅游指南。故选C。
B
(2025·江苏南通一模)
Ibiza is a beautiful island located off the coast from Valencia in Spain.There are plenty of budget-friendly attractions to entertain every visitor.Tourists from all over the world come here to experience its beauty.
Aguamar Water Park is a must-see, located in Playa d’en Bossa, which is a 15-minute drive from Ibiza Town.It is the largest, and arguably most exciting, water park on the island.Families with younger children can take advantage of the water play area that’s designed especially for them.Aguamar Water Park is only open from May to the end of September.
If you are not interested in water activities, spending a day exploring the roads, mountains and quaint villages is also a wise option.There are plenty of signs posted along the bike route for anyone who wants to ride without a trail guide.You can also pay for an organized tour.Guided tours are offered to groups as well as individuals.The spring and autumn seasons are the best time of year to cycle because the weather is most pleasant.
Taking a few days to explore this island will also help everyone appreciate the rustic (乡村的 ) beauty of this island.Sa Caleta is an excellent place to start, which houses the remains of the first Phoenician (腓尼基)settlement.Museo de Arte Contemporáneo de Ibiza is a contemporary art museum that features not only well-known artists but artwork from unknown ones.Lastly, the Dalt Vila Renaissance walls is a famous monument that’s located in Eivissa.Explore the vastness of the military architecture that was built during the 16th century as a form of protection.
Whether you’re spending the day cycling, or visiting historical sites, make certain you capture those special moments so that they will last a lifetime.
【语篇导读】 本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了西班牙伊比沙岛的一些旅游景点和活动。
(　　)4.What do we know about Aguamar Water Park
A.It is located in Ibiza Town.
B.It is the largest in the world.
C.It is in operation all year round.
D.It is a family-friendly attraction.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Families with younger children can take advantage of the water play area that’s designed especially for them.”可知,Aguamar水上公园有专门为年幼的孩子设计的水上游乐区,因此它是一个适合家庭的景点。故选D。
(　　)5.What is recommended about cycling
A.Going on a self-guided ride.
B.Choosing to cycle in the fall.
C.Posting signs for other cyclists.
D.Cycling on the separate routes.
【答案】 B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The spring and autumn seasons are the best time of year to cycle because the weather is most pleasant.”可知,作者建议在春季和秋季骑自行车。故选B。
(　　)6.What may attract a visitor most if he/she is interested in historical heritage
A.Playa d’en Bossa.
B.Sa Caleta.
C.The Dalt Vila Renaissance walls.
D.Museo de Arte Contemporáneo de Ibiza.
【答案】 C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Lastly, the Dalt Vila Renaissance walls is a famous...built during the 16th century as a form of protection.”可知,Dalt Vila文艺复兴时期的城墙是一个著名的历史遗迹,如果对历史遗产感兴趣,这个景点可能会最吸引游客。故选C。
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2025·山东潍坊高三检测)
Known as the “Vegas of China”, Macao, while filled with luxury and world-class entertainment, also 1.　　　　(offer) many landmarks that define the city’s unique and fascinating history.The first episode of “Landmarks of Macao” takes you to arguably Macao’s most famous landmark—the Ruins of St.Paul’s, 2.　　　　 both the city’s Chinese tradition and the Portuguese culture have been greatly preserved.
No trip to Macao could be complete 3. 　　　　visiting the Ruins of St.Paul’s.It refers to the facade(外墙) of 4.　　　　 was initially the Church of Mater Dei.First 5.　　　　 (build) in 1580, the Ruins of St.Paul’s is the iconic site of Macao.Originally made of wood, the structure 6.　　　　 (burn) down in a fire with only the beautiful granite(花岗石) facade remaining and the grand stairs of 68 stone steps 7.　　　　 (lead) up to it.A steel stairway allows 8.　　　　 (tourist) to climb up to the top of the facade where you can enjoy a panoramic (全景的) view of 9.　　　　 whole city.
In 2005, the Ruins of St.Paul’s was 10. 　　　　(official) listed as part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了中国澳门特别行政区及其一些代表性的旅游景点。
1.【答案】 offers
【解析】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。叙述一般事物,应用一般现在时;句子的主语为Macao, 谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填offers。
2.【答案】 where
【解析】 考查定语从句。先行词the Ruins of St.Paul’s为地点, 定语从句中缺状语,应用关系副词where。故填 where。
3.【答案】without
【解析】 考查介词。根据句意并结合空后的visiting the Ruins of St.Paul’s可知,应用介词 without。故填without。
4.【答案】 what
【解析】 考查名词性从句。介词of后跟宾语从句,从句中缺少主语。故用what。
5.【答案】built
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,此处应用build的非谓语形式,build与句子的主语the Ruins of St.Paul’s构成被动关系,故用过去分词形式。故填built。
6.【答案】 was burned/was burnt
【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。Originally made of wood作状语,句子的谓语动词burn与主语 the structure构成被动关系,叙述过去的事,用一般过去时的被动语态。the structure为单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填was burned/was burnt.
7.【答案】 leading
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,设空处是with复合结构的一部分,宾语grand stairs和宾语补足语之间是主动关系,所以要用现在分词。故填leading。
8.【答案】tourists
【解析】考查名词复数。单数可数名词前如果无冠词,则用复数形式表示泛指意义。故填tourists。
9.【答案】 the
【解析】 考查冠词。whole作形容词,意为“整个的”时,前加定冠词 the。故填 the。
10.【答案】 officially
【解析】 考查副词。分析句子结构可知,此处应用副词修饰动词listed。故填 officially。
1.numerous historical sites and relics 众多历史遗迹和文物
2.get a great insight into...深入了解……
3.enjoy a good view of...欣赏……的美景
1.can’t wait to do sth迫不及待做某事
2.peak season高峰季节
3.be unique to 对……来说是独特的
4.a symbol of ……的象征
5.have a wide distribution 广泛分布
6.throughout the country 遍及全国
7.in a good state 状态良好
1.得知你要来中国旅游,我迫不及待地向你推荐南京,一个拥有众多历史遗迹和文物的城市。(现在分词作状语)
Knowing that you will come to visit China,I can’t wait to recommend Nanjing,a city with numerous historical sites and relics to you.
2.你不仅可以欣赏南京的美景,还可以深入了解中国传统文化。(“not only...but also...”的倒装句式)
Not only can you enjoy a good view of Nanjing,but you can also get a great insight into traditional Chinese culture.
3.被称为“六朝古都”的南京,历史文化底蕴深厚,每个景点都有其独特的魅力,值得一去再去。(过去分词作定语; with复合结构)
Nanjing, known as “ the Ancient Capital of the Six Dynasties”, has a profound historical and cultural background. With each attraction having its unique charm, it is worth visiting again and again.
假设你是李华,你的加拿大好友Paul计划到中国的一个文化名城旅游,请你写信向他推荐一个合适的城市。内容包括:
1.推荐的城市;
2.推荐理由;
3.你的祝愿。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
　　One possible version:
Dear Paul,
Knowing that you will come to visit China,I can’t wait to recommend Nanjing, a city with numerous historical sites and relics to you.
Nanjing, located in the southwest of Jiangsu Province, attracts tourists from all over the world with its unique charm.There are numerous places of interest waiting for you to explore, such as Nanjing Museum, Xuanwu Lake and Zhongshan Mountain.As for traffic ,it is very convenient for you to travel around Nanjing.Last but not least,if you come here,you will find people here friendly and helpful.
Not only can you enjoy a good view of Nanjing, but you can also get a great insight into traditional Chinese culture.I’m sure you will have a wonderful journey.
Yours,
Li Hua
点津:为现在分词作状语;
为过去分词作定语;
为find复合结构;
为“not only...but also...”的倒装句式。选择性必修　第四册
UNIT 1　SCIENCE FICTION
题组训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·重庆八中高三强化训练)
Science fiction writers create imaginary worlds.The way things work in your imaginary worlds will be based on actual science.So it’s important for you to be familiar with the scientific principles and inventions that are related to your creation.For example,if you’re writing about humans living on a planet with zero gravity,then you need to know the effects of zero gravity on the human body.
Then you have to figure out the exact rules of your imaginary worlds.And you have to follow them.If humans are able to breathe underwater in Chapter 1,your characters can’t drown in a swimming pool in Chapter 3.The issue here is maintaining your readers’ trust.That means readers are willing to pretend along with you.If you start out with an ordinary detective novel and then throw in someone breathing underwater in the 6th chapter,you will pull the readers out of their imagination.The same thing happens if you change the rules halfway.
Part of your preparation work for the novel is to map out its world in great detail.You should decide the following issues: the history of the world,the geography,what possibilities it offers,how everything works in this new reality,and how all of these factors affect the way your characters think,feel,and react to things.You don’t have to tell your readers all the rules in the first chapter.But you have to let readers know enough to understand what’s going on.This also allows you to work out logical problems and contradictions before you start writing.
When you are writing,remember to make it feel real.You are inviting readers to visit a new world.They will want to be able to see,hear,feel,smell,and even taste what it’s like.Whether your novel is about a world without disease or an undiscovered planet,help your readers feel like they’re actually there.
(　　)1.What’s the relationship between actual science and science fiction
A.Science fiction promotes the development of actual science.
B.Science fiction often reflects the development of actual science.
C.Actual science provides basic principles for science fiction.
D.Actual science limits the imagination described in science fiction.
(　　)2.What does the third paragraph focus on
A.Part of the preparation work for science fiction writing.
B.The different types of novels.
C.The detail in the first chapter of science fiction.
D.The reality of science fiction.
(　　)3.What’s the best title for the passage
A.How to Do Scientific Research
B.How to Write Science Fiction
C.What to Expect from Science Fiction
D.How to Raise Interest in Science
B
To persist,life must reproduce.Scientists at the University of Vermont,Tufts University,and the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University have discovered an entirely new form of biological reproduction and applied their discovery to create the first-ever, self-replicating (自我复制的) living robots.
Named Xenobots after the African clawed frog from which scientists take their stem cells,the machines are less than 0.04 inches wide—small enough to travel inside human bodies.They can walk and swim,survive for weeks without food,and work together in groups.They even have regenerative capabilities; when the scientists sliced into one robot,it healed by itself and kept moving.
The Xenobots could potentially be used toward a host of tasks.Xenobots could be used to clean up radioactive waste and collect microplastics in the oceans.Some Xenobots had holes in their centre,which could potentially be used to transport drugs or medicines.“Traditional robots degrade (降解) over time and can produce harmful ecological and health side effects,” researchers said in the study,which was published in a famous journal.As biological machines,Xenobots are more environmentally friendly and safer for human health.Aside from these immediate practical tasks,Xenobots could also help researchers to learn more about cell biology—opening the doors to future advancement in human health and longevity.
While the prospect of self-replicating biotechnology could spark concern,the researchers said that the living machines were entirely contained in a lab and easily destroyed,as they are biodegradable and regulated by experts.“There are many things that are possible if we take advantage of this kind of plasticity (可塑性) and ability of cells to solve problems,” said Joshua Bongard,one of the lead researchers at the University of Vermont.
(　　)4.Which of the following can best explain the underlined word “regenerative” in Paragraph 2
A.Fighting diseases. B.Replacing old cells.
C.Recovering and growing again. D.Self-cleaning regularly.
(　　)5.What can we learn about Xenobots from Paragraph 3
A.They can be widely applied to curing diseases.
B.They are harmless to the environment by degrading plastics.
C.They are specially designed to collect radioactive waste.
D.They can serve well the research on human health.
(　　)6.What is Bongard’s attitude towards the self-replicating biotechnology
A.Positive. B.Doubtful. C.Indifferent. D.Negative.
(　　)7.What does the text mainly talk about
A.An application of a machine in medicine.
B.The invention of the first self-replicating robots.
C.The trend of developing biotechnology.
D.An experiment on African clawed frogs.
C
(2025·山东临朐高三检测)
I believe in the power of science fiction,not just for its capacity to turn dreams into reality,but also for its power to gather those who share a common view about the future.For me,that’s true of my relationship with my dad.Some fathers and sons bond over sports,fishing or hunting,but my dad and I bond over science fiction.
Over the years,nearly every situation has become far away for my dad and me.When it’s warm at night,we’re not driving along some dark streets in Indiana,but going at slow speed with stars dimly shining.Both of us are thinking of them,without needing to say a word.All these imaginations of other universes have together created a private universe for my dad and me.
A science fiction writer once said,“Science fiction is a way of thinking,a way of logic that bypasses a lot of nonsense.It allows people to look directly at important subjects.” A lifetime of science fiction has influenced more than just my relationship with my dad,and it has also helped me shape my own hopes for the future.I’m now a science fiction writer.
Yes,science fiction has made me into a “nerd” and it has also been a source of joy for my family,making me an optimist while enabling me to think critically about the danger of technology.Thank those authors who have shared their visions; the world and my family are better for it.Thank my dad,who is both the best storyteller and the best man I have ever known.
(　　)8.What contributes to the bond between the author and his father
A.Their similar dream. B.Their love for each other.
C.Their common interest. D.Their hobby of fishing.
(　　)9.What does the author mainly want to show in Paragraph 2
A.His deep impression of his dad.
B.His feeling of staying with his dad.
C.His earliest memory of his dad.
D.His good relationship with his dad.
(　　)10.How does science fiction help the author at present
A.It leads him to pursue a desirable career.
B.It brings him the courage to live better.
C.It inspires him to face the danger of technology.
D.It makes him a source of his family’s joy.
(　　)11.What can be the best title for the text
A.The Wonders Science Brings B.The Power of Science Fiction
C.The Stories About Science Fiction D.The Time Together with My Father
Ⅱ.完形填空
I was an obsessive (痴迷的) lover of books who would read at 2:00 a.m.and polish off chapter books in kindergarten.In grammar school I 　1　 my way through the huge amount of books in the library,gradually getting less picky(挑剔的) as the options 　2　.However,what I wanted to read was science fiction.It was 　3　 to find.A sixth-grade teacher lent me a copy of Watership Down,which was a(n) 　4　 experience.
Unluckily,I was sick.My symptoms (症状) were odd,and no one really knew what my 　5　 was.I grew weaker and more isolated,but I got a ride to the library once a week and 　6　 all the novels I could carry.I kept reading 　7　 my disability.
Later,I met a technical nonfiction writer,who explained to me how to make a living by 　8　 for magazines.At last,there was something I could 　9　! I subscribed to a famous magazine but wrote a 　10　 novel instead.
After　11　 the first novel,I made friends with writers online.I thought my life 　12　 at last.Here was a career path where all my reading would 　13　 and where my disability wouldn’t shut me out.I wrote two science fiction novels,which later got published.
It turns out that in writing science fiction being unique can be a　14　,practice eventually works,and persistence is what really matters.Without science fiction,I wouldn’t have had anything to desire,and I would never have 　15　 something I could share with the world.
(　　)1.A.found B.worked C.inched D.felt
(　　)2.A.increased B.remained C.appeared D.thinned
(　　)3.A.quick B.good C.hard D.popular
(　　)4.A.transformative B.disappointing
C.imaginative D.embarrassing
(　　)5.A.possibility B.occupation C.operation D.disability
(　　)6.A.kept back B.gave away C.checked out D.turned down
(　　)7.A.without B.beyond C.besides D.despite
(　　)8.A.writing B.drawing C.editing D.recording
(　　)9.A.change B.do C.possess D.read
(　　)10.A.detective B.fantasy C.comic D.romantic
(　　)11.A.finishing B.adapting C.translating D.declaring
(　　)12.A.settled down B.fell apart C.moved on D.made sense
(　　)13.A.pay off B.come back C.run out D.take off
(　　)14.A.nature B.challenge C.benefit D.restriction
(　　)15.A.expressed B.presumed C.created D.accepted选择性必修　第四册
UNIT 1　SCIENCE FICTION
题组训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·重庆八中高三强化训练)
Science fiction writers create imaginary worlds.The way things work in your imaginary worlds will be based on actual science.So it’s important for you to be familiar with the scientific principles and inventions that are related to your creation.For example,if you’re writing about humans living on a planet with zero gravity,then you need to know the effects of zero gravity on the human body.
Then you have to figure out the exact rules of your imaginary worlds.And you have to follow them.If humans are able to breathe underwater in Chapter 1,your characters can’t drown in a swimming pool in Chapter 3.The issue here is maintaining your readers’ trust.That means readers are willing to pretend along with you.If you start out with an ordinary detective novel and then throw in someone breathing underwater in the 6th chapter,you will pull the readers out of their imagination.The same thing happens if you change the rules halfway.
Part of your preparation work for the novel is to map out its world in great detail.You should decide the following issues: the history of the world,the geography,what possibilities it offers,how everything works in this new reality,and how all of these factors affect the way your characters think,feel,and react to things.You don’t have to tell your readers all the rules in the first chapter.But you have to let readers know enough to understand what’s going on.This also allows you to work out logical problems and contradictions before you start writing.
When you are writing,remember to make it feel real.You are inviting readers to visit a new world.They will want to be able to see,hear,feel,smell,and even taste what it’s like.Whether your novel is about a world without disease or an undiscovered planet,help your readers feel like they’re actually there.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。科学为科幻小说提供了基本的原理,文章就如何写科幻小说给出了一些注意事项。
(　　)1.What’s the relationship between actual science and science fiction
A.Science fiction promotes the development of actual science.
B.Science fiction often reflects the development of actual science.
C.Actual science provides basic principles for science fiction.
D.Actual science limits the imagination described in science fiction.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段的前两句可知,科学为科幻小说提供了基本的原理。故选C。
(　　)2.What does the third paragraph focus on
A.Part of the preparation work for science fiction writing.
B.The different types of novels.
C.The detail in the first chapter of science fiction.
D.The reality of science fiction.
【答案】 A
【解析】 段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知,第三段的主旨是科幻小说写作的部分准备工作。故选A。
(　　)3.What’s the best title for the passage
A.How to Do Scientific Research
B.How to Write Science Fiction
C.What to Expect from Science Fiction
D.How to Raise Interest in Science
【答案】 B
【解析】 标题归纳题。通读全文可知,文章主要介绍了如何写科幻小说,B项最适合作本文的标题。故选B。
B
To persist,life must reproduce.Scientists at the University of Vermont,Tufts University, and the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University have discovered an entirely new form of biological reproduction and applied their discovery to create the first-ever,self-replicating (自我复制的) living robots.
Named Xenobots after the African clawed frog from which scientists take their stem cells,the machines are less than 0.04 inches wide—small enough to travel inside human bodies.They can walk and swim,survive for weeks without food,and work together in groups.They even have regenerative capabilities; when the scientists sliced into one robot,it healed by itself and kept moving.
The Xenobots could potentially be used toward a host of tasks.Xenobots could be used to clean up radioactive waste and collect microplastics in the oceans.Some Xenobots had holes in their centre,which could potentially be used to transport drugs or medicines.“Traditional robots degrade (降解) over time and can produce harmful ecological and health side effects,” researchers said in the study,which was published in a famous journal.As biological machines,Xenobots are more environmentally friendly and safer for human health.Aside from these immediate practical tasks,Xenobots could also help researchers to learn more about cell biology—opening the doors to future advancement in human health and longevity.
While the prospect of self-replicating biotechnology could spark concern,the researchers said that the living machines were entirely contained in a lab and easily destroyed,as they are biodegradable and regulated by experts.“There are many things that are possible if we take advantage of this kind of plasticity (可塑性) and ability of cells to solve problems,” said Joshua Bongard,one of the lead researchers at the University of Vermont.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了有史以来第一款可以自我复制的机器人。
(　　)4.Which of the following can best explain the underlined word “regenerative” in Paragraph 2
A.Fighting diseases.
B.Replacing old cells.
C.Recovering and growing again.
D.Self-cleaning regularly.
【答案】 C
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据第二段的“when the scientists sliced into one robot,it healed by itself and kept moving”可知,机器人有自我愈合和修复功能,由此可推断regenerative意为“恢复并再次生长”。故选C。
(　　)5.What can we learn about Xenobots from Paragraph 3
A.They can be widely applied to curing diseases.
B.They are harmless to the environment by degrading plastics.
C.They are specially designed to collect radioactive waste.
D.They can serve well the research on human health.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句可知,Xenobots可以很好地服务于人类健康的研究。故选D。
(　　)6.What is Bongard’s attitude towards the self-replicating biotechnology
A.Positive. B.Doubtful.
C.Indifferent. D.Negative.
【答案】 A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句可知,Joshua Bongard认为自我复制生物技术让很多事都有可能实现,因此他对自我复制生物技术持积极的态度。故选A。
(　　)7.What does the text mainly talk about
A.An application of a machine in medicine.
B.The invention of the first self-replicating robots.
C.The trend of developing biotechnology.
D.An experiment on African clawed frogs.
【答案】 B
【解析】 主旨大意题。根据第一段内容可知,作者在第一段引入了文章的主题,即第一款可以自我复制的机器人的发明。故选B。
C
(2025·山东临朐高三检测)
I believe in the power of science fiction,not just for its capacity to turn dreams into reality,but also for its power to gather those who share a common view about the future.For me,that’s true of my relationship with my dad.Some fathers and sons bond over sports,fishing or hunting,but my dad and I bond over science fiction.
Over the years,nearly every situation has become far away for my dad and me.When it’s warm at night,we’re not driving along some dark streets in Indiana,but going at slow speed with stars dimly shining.Both of us are thinking of them,without needing to say a word.All these imaginations of other universes have together created a private universe for my dad and me.
A science fiction writer once said,“Science fiction is a way of thinking,a way of logic that bypasses a lot of nonsense.It allows people to look directly at important subjects.” A lifetime of science fiction has influenced more than just my relationship with my dad,and it has also helped me shape my own hopes for the future.I’m now a science fiction writer.
Yes,science fiction has made me into a “nerd” and it has also been a source of joy for my family,making me an optimist while enabling me to think critically about the danger of technology.Thank those authors who have shared their visions; the world and my family are better for it.Thank my dad,who is both the best storyteller and the best man I have ever known.
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。作者和父亲都热爱科幻小说,它不仅帮助作者和父亲建立了深厚的感情,而且帮助作者塑造了对未来的希望。
(　　)8.What contributes to the bond between the author and his father
A.Their similar dream.
B.Their love for each other.
C.Their common interest.
D.Their hobby of fishing.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知,有些父亲和儿子会因为运动、钓鱼或打猎而增进感情,但作者和父亲却因为科幻小说而增进感情。故选C。
(　　)9.What does the author mainly want to show in Paragraph 2
A.His deep impression of his dad.
B.His feeling of staying with his dad.
C.His earliest memory of his dad.
D.His good relationship with his dad.
【答案】 D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段尤其是最后两句可知,该段主要讲述了作者和父亲共同的爱好和一起做的事,体现了他们之间的良好关系。故选D。
(　　)10.How does science fiction help the author at present
A.It leads him to pursue a desirable career.
B.It brings him the courage to live better.
C.It inspires him to face the danger of technology.
D.It makes him a source of his family’s joy.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知,科幻小说不仅影响了作者和父亲的关系,还帮助作者塑造了对未来的希望。作者现在是一名科幻小说作家。故选A。
(　　)11.What can be the best title for the text
A.The Wonders Science Brings
B.The Power of Science Fiction
C.The Stories About Science Fiction
D.The Time Together with My Father
【答案】 B
【解析】 标题归纳题。根据第一段第一句可知,作者相信科幻小说的力量,不仅因为它能把梦想变成现实,还因为它能把那些对未来有着共同愿景的人联系在一起。后文主要讲述了作者和父亲都热爱科幻小说,它不仅帮助作者和父亲建立了深厚的感情,而且帮助作者塑造了对未来的希望。因此,B项最适合作为文章标题。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
I was an obsessive (痴迷的) lover of books who would read at 2:00 a.m.and polish off chapter books in kindergarten.In grammar school I 　1　 my way through the huge amount of books in the library,gradually getting less picky(挑剔的) as the options 　2　.However,what I wanted to read was science fiction.It was 　3　 to find.A sixth-grade teacher lent me a copy of Watership Down,which was a(n) 　4　 experience.
Unluckily,I was sick.My symptoms (症状) were odd,and no one really knew what my
　5　 was.I grew weaker and more isolated,but I got a ride to the library once a week and
　6　 all the novels I could carry.I kept reading 　7　 my disability.
Later,I met a technical nonfiction writer,who explained to me how to make a living by
　8　 for magazines.At last,there was something I could 　9　! I subscribed to a famous magazine but wrote a 　10　 novel instead.
After　11　 the first novel,I made friends with writers online.I thought my life 　12　 at last.Here was a career path where all my reading would 　13　 and where my disability wouldn’t shut me out.I wrote two science fiction novels,which later got published.
It turns out that in writing science fiction being unique can be a　14　,practice eventually works,and persistence is what really matters.Without science fiction,I wouldn’t have had anything to desire,and I would never have 　15　 something I could share with the world.
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者热爱阅读科幻小说并因写科幻小说找到生活的意义的故事。
(　　)1.A.found B.worked
C.inched D.felt
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据语境可知,此处表示在小学,作者从头到尾在图书馆阅读了大量图书。work one’s way through sth意为“自始至终做某事(尤指耗费时间或力量的事)”。故选B。
(　　)2.A.increased B.remained
C.appeared D.thinned
【答案】 D
【解析】 由空前的“gradually getting less picky(挑剔的)”以及空后的“However,what I wanted to read was science fiction.”可知,因为可选择的读物变少了(thinned),作者逐渐对书没那么挑剔了。故选D。
(　　)3.A.quick B.good
C.hard D.popular
【答案】 C
【解析】 由上文中的“However,what I wanted to read was science fiction.”以及空后的“A sixth-grade teacher lent me...”可知,科幻小说很难(hard)找到。故选C。
(　　)4.A.transformative B.disappointing
C.imaginative D.embarrassing
【答案】 A
【解析】 由上文作者很难找到科幻小说来读以及空前讲一位六年级老师借给作者一本科幻小说的复印本可推知,这对于作者来说是一次带来改变的(transformative)经历。故选A。
(　　)5.A.possibility B.occupation
C.operation D.disability
【答案】 D
【解析】 由下文中的“I kept reading　7　 my disability.”及“where my disability wouldn’t shut me out”可知,本题考查原词复现。故选D。
(　　)6.A.kept back B.gave away
C.checked out D.turned down
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据语境可知,作者变得更虚弱了,但依然坚持每周去一次图书馆,把自己能带走的小说都借出来(checked out)。故选C。
(　　)7.A.without B.beyond
C.besides D.despite
【答案】 D
【解析】 结合语境可知,尽管(despite)身患残疾,作者依然坚持阅读。故选D。
(　　)8.A.writing B.drawing
C.editing D.recording
【答案】 A
【解析】 由下文中的“but wrote a　10　 novel instead”可知,作者遇到一位专业的纪实文学作家,这位作家向作者解释了如何通过为杂志社写作(writing)来谋生。故选A。
(　　)9.A.change B.do
C.possess D.read
【答案】 B
【解析】 由下文中的“but wrote a　10　 novel instead”可知,此处是说这是作者能做(do)的事情。故选B。
(　　)10.A.detective B.fantasy
C.comic D.romantic
【答案】 B
【解析】 由上文中的“what I wanted to read was science fiction”和下文中的“I wrote two science fiction novels”可知,作者写了一部科幻小说。fantasy novel意为“科幻小说”。故
选B。
(　　)11.A.finishing B.adapting
C.translating D.declaring
【答案】 A
【解析】 由语境可知,此处指在完成(finishing)第一本小说之后,作者在网上交了很多作家朋友。故选A。
(　　)12.A.settled down B.fell apart
C.moved on D.made sense
【答案】 D
【解析】 由下文中的“Here was a career path...wouldn’t shut me out.”可知,作者觉得自己的生活终于变得有意义了(made sense)。故选D。
(　　)13.A.pay off B.come back
C.run out D.take off
【答案】 A
【解析】 由下文中的“where my disability wouldn’t shut me out”可知,此处指作者之前的阅读终于有了回报(pay off)。故选A。
(　　)14.A.nature B.challenge
C.benefit D.restriction
【答案】 C
【解析】 由上文对作者成功发表科幻小说的描述可知,此处是指在写科幻小说的时候,做到与众不同也会有益处(benefit)。故选C。
(　　)15.A.expressed B.presumed
C.created D.accepted
【答案】 C
【解析】 通读全文可知,作者喜欢阅读科幻小说,也出版过科幻小说,所以此处是指如果没有科幻小说,作者就不会有任何渴望的东西,也永远不会创作(created)出可以与世界分享的东西。故选C。UNIT 4　SHARING
题组训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·福建福州三模)
SUSTAINABLE FARMING EXPERIENCE
Zhongshan,Guangdong
Volunteer Project
Considering sustainable farming as a way to keep ecological balance,this project is created with a mission to reconnect urban residents to nature and to promote a healthy,sustainable lifestyle through tailor-made activities.The project host is an organic farm and shelter for many farm animals.
Volunteer Activities
·Farming and harvesting herbs,fruits and vegetables
·Picking and packaging herbs,fruits and vegetables
·Caring of farm animals (feeding,exercise,etc.)
·Helping with daily operation and general maintenance of the farm
·Participating in discussions on change making ideas and examples of sustainable farming
·Other duties assigned by the farm staff
Special Requirements
Volunteers should love working with animals and have no sensitivity reaction to animals.
Accommodation
Simple and basic accommodation is provided in the farm.Beddings are also available. There are tents for volunteers who wish to camp.Volunteers need to bring a sleeping bag.
Location (Zhongshan,Guangdong Province)
Located in Guangdong Province,Zhongshan is a city of great popularity.When you are here,you can visit a series of historical attractions related to Sun Yat-sen.Here you can also enjoy the famous Cantonese cuisine,while visiting the charming downtown river area and some beautiful Buddhist temples.
【语篇导读】 本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了广东中山可持续农业体验志愿项目的相关信息。
(　　)1.What is the aim of the project
A.To run an organic farm.
B.To build an animal shelter.
C.To keep the natural balance.
D.To advocate an eco-friendly lifestyle.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Considering sustainable farming as a way to keep...promote a healthy,sustainable lifestyle through tailor-made activities.”可知,这个项目的目的是倡导一种环保的生活方式。故选D。
(　　)2.What are volunteers expected to do
A.Adopt farm animals.
B.Collect farm produce.
C.Direct the farm staff.
D.Schedule farm routine.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据Volunteer Activities部分中的“Picking and packaging herbs,fruits and vegetables”可知,志愿者需要收集农产品。故选B。
(　　)3.What can we know about this project
A.Volunteers may interact with animals.
B.The farm provides Cantonese cuisine.
C.The farm offers free downtown trips.
D.Volunteers must bring beddings along.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据Volunteer Activities部分中的“Caring of farm animals (feeding,exercise,etc.)”以及Special Requirements部分中的“Volunteers should love working with animals and have no sensitivity reaction to animals.”可知,志愿者可能会与动物互动。故选A。
B
There’s something satisfying about volunteering.Studies have shown that volunteering helps people who donate their time feel more socially connected,thus warding off loneliness and depression.But a growing body of evidence suggests that people who give their time to others might also be rewarded with better physical health,including lower blood pressure and a longer lifespan.
Evidence of volunteerism’s physical effects can be found in a study from Carnegie Mellon University,published in a journal.Adults over age 50 who volunteered on a regular basis were less likely to develop high blood pressure than non-volunteers.High blood pressure is an important indicator of health because it contributes to heart disease,stroke and premature death.
It’s impossible for this study to prove that volunteering was directly responsible for the lower blood pressure.People who volunteer may be more likely to do other things,like eating a healthy diet or exercising,which lower blood pressure.But the results are in line with other findings on the topic.
How might volunteering contribute to lower blood pressure Performing volunteer work could increase physical activity among people who aren’t otherwise very active,says leading study author Rodlescia Sneed,a doctoral candidate in social and health psychology at Carnegie Mellon University.It may also reduce stress.“Many people find voluntary work helpful with respect to stress reduction,and we know that stress is very strongly linked to health outcomes,” she says.
A study in a certain journal found that participants who volunteered with some regularity lived longer,but only if their intentions were truly altruistic (利他主义的).In other words,they had to be volunteering to help others—not to make themselves feel better.
The Greek philosopher Aristotle once guessed that the essence of life is “To serve others and do good.” If recent research is any indication,serving others might also be the essence of good health.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章说明了志愿活动对人的身心都有好处,并分析了其背后的原因。
(　　)4.What does the underlined phrase “warding off” mean in Paragraph 1
A.Getting rid of.
B.Keeping up with.
C.Running out of.
D.Putting up with.
【答案】 A
【解析】 猜测短语题。根据画线短语所在句可知,志愿活动帮助那些奉献时间的人感受到更多的社会联系,从而帮助他们摆脱孤独和抑郁。由此可知,画线短语意为“摆脱”。故选A。
(　　)5.Why does the author mention the study from Carnegie Mellon University
A.To prove the benefit of volunteering to health.
B.To find out volunteerism’s physical effects on heart.
C.To explain the connection between exercise and health.
D.To warn readers of the danger of volunteering to blood pressure.
【答案】 A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段的前两句可知,作者提到卡耐基梅隆大学的研究,是为了证明志愿活动对健康的好处。故选A。
(　　)6.What can we learn from what Rodlescia Sneed said
A.Volunteers are supposed to be more outgoing.
B.Volunteer work can make people lack sports.
C.Taking appropriate exercise can strengthen social connection.
D.Performing volunteer work contributes to reducing stress.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段中Rodlescia Sneed说的话可知,志愿工作有助于减轻压力。故选D。
(　　)7.What’s the text mainly about
A.Volunteering can lower blood pressure.
B.Volunteering is beneficial to mental health.
C.Volunteering may be good for body and mind.
D.Volunteering can avoid suffering from heart disease.
【答案】 C
【解析】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章说明了志愿活动对人的身心都有好处,并分析了其背后的原因。故选C。
Ⅱ.读后续写(友情篇)
阅读下面的材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段话,使之构成一篇完整的
短文。
(2025·山东临朐高三模拟)
Monday started out well.I woke up on time,ate breakfast and did some last minute studying for my first hour math test.I was confident of getting good grades.Then I left my house.Ten minutes later,I was settled with my friends on the school bus.We were busy chatting about how we spent our weekend.At one stop,Ryan got on hurriedly.He tripped (绊倒) over someone’s foot accidentally and THUMP! He fell flat onto the floor.
Every one of us on the bus looked on and laughed crazily.Ryan struggled to his feet,dusted (擦灰) off his jacket and made his way to an empty seat.He tried to laugh with us,but his face was burning with embarrassment.The rest of the morning flew by.I did well in my math test.I read two more chapters of a classic novel in English class.It wasn’t long before we heard the lunch bell.I met my friends from the cheerleading team in the dining hall.Then I couldn’t help but notice Ryan a few tables away,sitting all alone.He caught me looking.I smiled at him quickly and looked away.
When we had finished eating,we headed out to the courtyard to practise a cheer we would do at that night’s football game.After much practice,we finally managed to do the cheer perfectly.We decided to practise it again one last time.Again,just like the rest of my day so far,the cheer was going great.I raised my leg for one last toe touch.RIIPPP! I felt my jeans split down the middle of my backside.
I froze.I had no idea what to do but stand still.Then I heard people burst out laughing and I saw them pointing at my torn jeans.Trying to cover myself with my hands,I tried to laugh too,but I felt tears begin to well up in my eyes.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
Then I saw Ryan running towards me.
Paragraph 2:
That night,after the cheer at the football game,I found Ryan.
[情节构建]
情节线 情感线
速读文章定要素 Who Ryan,I 尴尬 惊讶 感激 后悔 开心
When On Monday
Where on the bus,At school
What My jeans were split down,and I felt embarrassed.I felt tears begin to well up in my eyes.Ryan came to help me.I was thankful to him and we became good friends.
明确冲突定主题 Conflict & Clue Conflict: Trying to cover myself with my hands,I tried to laugh too,but I felt tears begin to well up in my eyes. Clue:Every one of us on the bus looked on and laughed crazily.
Theme The precious friendship between Ryan and I
预设问题定走向 Para.1 Then I saw Ryan running towards me. Q1:How did I respond to Ryan Q2:What did Ryan do to help me Q3:What did I do after Ryan helped me
Para.2 That night,after the cheer at the football game,I found Ryan. Q1:Why did I find Ryan Q2:How did Ryan react Q3:What happened to us later
　　One possible version:
Then I saw Ryan running towards me.Suddenly the scene struck me where he fell flat and I laughed at him crazily.I thought he would join in with those laughing at me.I lowered my head, my face burning with embarrassment.However,Ryan didn’t laugh.Instead, he approached me from behind,quickly took off his jacket and offered it to me,signaling to me to cover my torn jeans.Struggling against my tears,I did want to express my gratitude to him but courage failed me.I left the courtyard in total silence.
That night,after the cheer at the football game,I found Ryan.I thanked him for giving me his jacket and returned it to him.Gathering my courage,I sincerely apologized to him for my misconduct on the bus,and thanked him for helping me out of an equally embarrassing situation.Ryan,with a broad smile,patted me on the shoulder and told me to forget about it, joking he fell like that a lot.I admired his honesty and sense of humor,and realized that he was someone I could be great friends with.Just as the saying goes,“A friend in need is a friend indeed.”
点津:为无灵主语句和where引导的定语从句;
为独立主格结构;
为动作链描写;
为现在分词作状语。UNIT 2　ICONIC ATTRACTIONS
以读促写
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·重庆育才中学全真模拟)
Must-see Landmarks for Your Xi’an Tour
Serving as the capital of China for 13 dynasties,Xi’an,capital of Shaanxi Province has numerous historical sites and relics.If you are planning a tour of Xi’an taking less than 3 days, check out these recommended attractions,which we think best capture the spirit of the ancient city.
The Terracotta Army
The Terracotta Army is one of the most significant archaeological finds in the world and one of the greatest discoveries of the 20th century.Discovered in 1974,the army of Terracotta Warriors was constructed by China’s first emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty.It is a collection of thousands of life-size terracotta soldiers,horses and chariots in battle formation,through which people can get a great insight into the history,military development and culture of ancient China in that period.
Ancient City Wall
Xi’an City Wall was built in the 14th century by Zhu Yuanzhang,the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty as a military defense system.Now it is one of the oldest and best-preserved Chinese city walls.When you take a walk or cycle on the massive wall,you can enjoy a good view of the city.
Dayan Pagoda
As one of China’s most famous Buddhist pagodas,Dayan Pagoda was built in the Tang Dynasty specially for the study of Buddhist scriptures.Situated in Ci’en Temple,the pagoda was built with layers of bricks and has a grand structure that gives it a holy appearance.It is a good example of traditional Chinese architecture.
(　　)1.What do the Terracotta Army and Ancient City Wall have in common
A.They both reflect military history.
B.They show China’s first emperor’s ambition.
C.They are great discoveries of the 20th century.
D.They are the best-preserved tourist attractions.
(　　)2.What makes Dayan Pagoda special
A.Its building bricks. B.Its grand structure.
C.Its holy appearance. D.Its religious purpose.
(　　)3.Where is the text probably from
A.A geography textbook. B.A news report.
C.A tourist guidebook. D.A science magazine.
B
(2025·江苏南通一模)
Ibiza is a beautiful island located off the coast from Valencia in Spain.There are plenty of budget-friendly attractions to entertain every visitor.Tourists from all over the world come here to experience its beauty.
Aguamar Water Park is a must-see, located in Playa d’en Bossa, which is a 15-minute drive from Ibiza Town.It is the largest, and arguably most exciting, water park on the island.Families with younger children can take advantage of the water play area that’s designed especially for them.Aguamar Water Park is only open from May to the end of September.
If you are not interested in water activities, spending a day exploring the roads, mountains and quaint villages is also a wise option.There are plenty of signs posted along the bike route for anyone who wants to ride without a trail guide.You can also pay for an organized tour.Guided tours are offered to groups as well as individuals.The spring and autumn seasons are the best time of year to cycle because the weather is most pleasant.
Taking a few days to explore this island will also help everyone appreciate the rustic (乡村的 ) beauty of this island.Sa Caleta is an excellent place to start, which houses the remains of the first Phoenician (腓尼基)settlement.Museo de Arte Contemporáneo de Ibiza is a contemporary art museum that features not only well-known artists but artwork from unknown ones.Lastly, the Dalt Vila Renaissance walls is a famous monument that’s located in Eivissa.Explore the vastness of the military architecture that was built during the 16th century as a form of protection.
Whether you’re spending the day cycling, or visiting historical sites, make certain you capture those special moments so that they will last a lifetime.
(　　)4.What do we know about Aguamar Water Park
A.It is located in Ibiza Town. B.It is the largest in the world.
C.It is in operation all year round. D.It is a family-friendly attraction.
(　　)5.What is recommended about cycling
A.Going on a self-guided ride. B.Choosing to cycle in the fall.
C.Posting signs for other cyclists. D.Cycling on the separate routes.
(　　)6.What may attract a visitor most if he/she is interested in historical heritage
A.Playa d’en Bossa.
B.Sa Caleta.
C.The Dalt Vila Renaissance walls.
D.Museo de Arte Contemporáneo de Ibiza.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2025·山东潍坊高三检测)
Known as the “Vegas of China”, Macao, while filled with luxury and world-class entertainment, also 1.　　　　(offer) many landmarks that define the city’s unique and fascinating history.The first episode of “Landmarks of Macao” takes you to arguably Macao’s most famous landmark—the Ruins of St.Paul’s, 2.　　　　 both the city’s Chinese tradition and the Portuguese culture have been greatly preserved.
No trip to Macao could be complete 3. 　　　　visiting the Ruins of St.Paul’s.It refers to the facade(外墙) of 4.　　　　 was initially the Church of Mater Dei.First 5.　　　　 (build) in 1580, the Ruins of St.Paul’s is the iconic site of Macao.Originally made of wood, the structure 6.　　　　 (burn) down in a fire with only the beautiful granite(花岗石) facade remaining and the grand stairs of 68 stone steps 7.　　　　 (lead) up to it.A steel stairway allows 8.　　　　 (tourist) to climb up to the top of the facade where you can enjoy a panoramic (全景的) view of
9.　　　　 whole city.
In 2005, the Ruins of St.Paul’s was 10. 　　　　(official) listed as part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site.
1.numerous historical sites and relics 众多历史遗迹和文物
2.get a great insight into...深入了解……
3.enjoy a good view of...欣赏……的美景
1.can’t wait to do sth迫不及待做某事
2.peak season高峰季节
3.be unique to 对……来说是独特的
4.a symbol of ……的象征
5.have a wide distribution 广泛分布
6.throughout the country 遍及全国
7.in a good state 状态良好
1.得知你要来中国旅游,我迫不及待地向你推荐南京,一个拥有众多历史遗迹和文物的城市。(现在分词作状语)
2.你不仅可以欣赏南京的美景,还可以深入了解中国传统文化。(“not only...but also...”的倒装句式)
3.被称为“六朝古都”的南京,历史文化底蕴深厚,每个景点都有其独特的魅力,值得一去再去。(过去分词作定语; with复合结构)
假设你是李华,你的加拿大好友Paul计划到中国的一个文化名城旅游,请你写信向他推荐一个合适的城市。内容包括:
1.推荐的城市;
2.推荐理由;
3.你的祝愿。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。UNIT 5　LAUNCHING YOUR CAREER
题组训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Here are some jobs that let you make a direct impact on others’ lives.
A career advisor
Career advisors help to lighten graduates’ load,often working at high schools,colleges or universities.In addition to consulting with students to help them make career decisions,the advisors also help students practise important job-seeking skills.Although some employers prefer applicants to have a master’s degree in counseling (咨询),not all require one.Pursuing a Bachelor of Psychology or Counseling is a great place to start.
A nutritionist
As far as industries go,health care likely offers the most jobs that help people.Nutritionists work in hospitals,schools or nursing homes to help create meal plans to improve the health of their clients.Along with a bachelor’s degree in food and nutrition,clinical nutrition or a related field,you’ll need to be licensed in most states.
A personal trainer
Personal trainers work with people of all ages to build custom fitness plans.Along with performing physical assessments and creating training programmes,personal trainers also inspire their clients to stick to a plan so they can achieve desired results.You should have a junior college degree,along with an associate’s degree in a health or fitness field,and you will need to pass an exam to receive your license.
A special education teacher
A special school can be a place for students with emotional,behavioral or learning challenges.Special education teachers are there to teach them to reach their full potential.As a special education teacher,you should plan and teach lessons according to students’ specific needs and abilities.Special education teachers must have a bachelor’s degree and a state-issued certification.
Find more information on our official website.
(　　)1.What does a career advisor should at least have
A.A counseling license.
B.A master’s degree.
C.A junior college degree.
D.A Bachelor of Psychology or Counseling.
(　　)2.Which job requires the lowest education degree
A.A career advisor. B.A nutritionist.
C.A personal trainer. D.A special education teacher.
(　　)3.What kind of people is qualified for the special education teacher
A.Those who have a bachelor’s degree and a state-issued certification.
B.Those who have a driving license.
C.Those who have a master’s degree in counseling.
D.Those who have a bachelor’s degree in food and nutrition.
B
(2025·江苏盐城三校高三模拟)
Virtual reality gamers who finished the VR game faster than their fellow gamers also have higher levels of general intelligence and processing capacity.This was the result of a study conducted by Mr Weinmann from the University of Cologne.The results also indicate that virtual reality games can be useful supplementary human-resource-management tools in companies for predicting the job performance of an applicant.
Several studies have already shown that VR games may indicate or even help to develop intellectual and cognitive abilities.As intelligence is one of the most commonly used predictors for job performance,VR games could be interesting for human-resource-management.Although many companies are increasingly using VR technology to recruit(招募) candidates,only a few studies have specifically investigated whether and how VR games can be used to draw conclusions about intelligence in this area.The study contributes to bridging the gap between research and practice.
Weinmann invited 103 participants to his lab.Under controlled laboratory conditions,they played a commercial VR game and completed the short version of the intelligence test BIS-4.The researcher’s analyses show that an increase of 17% in processing capacity correlated with less time spent playing the game (by an average of 3.7 minutes).
The results are a scientific novelty,as it has hardly been possible to conduct VR studies with state-of-the-art VR hardware.There are thus few studies that have investigated the correlation between behavior in VR and intelligence,“There are already some companies that use games, so-called ‘serious games’,for recruiting.The new results are in line with this specific application of VR games and show that they can be used for recruiting,” said Weinmann.
The scientists intend to continue their research on the potential of VR games for practical applications.Among other things,they are investigating how people behave in virtual world.
(　　)4.What can we learn from Weinmann’s study
A.The results are far from satisfactory.
B.The participants can play the game freely.
C.It aims to develop intellectual ability.
D.It helps to combine research with practice.
(　　)5.What is Weinmann’s attitude to the result of the study
A.Unclear. B.Intolerant.
C.Favorable. D.Doubtful.
(　　)6.What is the last paragraph mainly about
A.Limitations of the study.
B.Possible directions for future study.
C.The present situation of the study.
D.The explanation of the research method.
(　　)7.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.VR games can be used in recruitment
B.VR games can indicate intelligence level
C.VR games improve applicants’ performance
D.VR games have gained popularity in management
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·南京高三期末调研测试)
Achieving Success in Journalistic Writing
No book,article or blog post can turn an ambitious writer into a successful journalist.All that it can do is to help the writer learn to write.The primary skill in learning to write is practice. 1.　　
Among the most convenient subjects are the events and news in the world around us.Such topics are what skilled journalists write about,and that is why we call this form of writing “journalistic writing”.
Journalistic writing is not a special literary technique that requires a special talent and an expansive vocabulary.2.　　　It is using language to tell what is going on in the world.As such,it requires no special talent beyond seeing and understanding what is taking place around us,to grasp its significance and relation to other events,and to tell others what we have seen and heard.
3.　　　One of the chief characteristics is timeliness and relevance.It has little time to talk about the past,except in comparison with the present.It has little time to foretell the future,except in pointing out the significance of the present.Its subject is today.It is primarily concerned with facts.The writer considers himself a recorder of the things other persons are doing and thinking.
Another basic part of journalistic writing is that the writer prepares it for a definite purpose. Some writers,like novelists,write to use beautiful words and sentences.4.　　　However,the writer who favors a journalistic style uses English simply to tell what he has seen and heard; he realizes that his reader cares more for the things he tells than for the way in which he tells and expresses them.
Success in journalistic writing demands two important skills.One is the inborn skill to see and understand.The other is the skill to tell what the writer has seen in a way that makes the reader see the same thing.5.　　　 If the writer is eager to excel,he must expand his knowledge and education so he can better understand and evaluate the things he sees and hears.
A.It will not do them any good to write news items.
B.To these imaginative literary writers,they favor expression.
C.To practise writing,one must have something to write about.
D.An ambitious writer can develop both skills if he lacks them.
E.The writer must write it now or never—without giving up quality.
F.Journalistic writing differs mainly in its subject matter and purpose.
G.Instead,it is the plainest,most reserved form of English composition.
Ⅲ.语法填空
Cheng Yongmao,1.　　　　 is in his 60s and has been repairing and maintaining the Great Wall’s Jiankou section for nearly two decades,reaches his office at 6:30 a.m. and 2.　　　　 (get) right down to business.
Jiankou is widely considered one of the most dangerous parts of the Great Wall in Beijing and is known by 3.　　　　 (hiker) as the “Wild Wall”.The Great Wall’s Jiankou section has been subjected to natural disasters and human impact after 4.　　　　 (stand) for more than 450 years,and now extremely needs maintenance and reinforcement.
“Construction work is 5.　　　　 (general) conducted from April to October,and now it’s time 6.　　　　 (prepare) documents for future work,” said Cheng.“Previous work has to be reviewed,and historical items 7.　　　　 (unearth) during the cleaning and repairs need to be properly put in files,while construction charts for future efforts have to be readied.”
Cheng’s office is filled 8.　　　　 traces of his dealings with the Great Wall.A dozen walking sticks he made out of branches stand in the corner behind the door,next to 9.　　　　 pile of tools he uses for tiling.Detailed overall plans of the Jiankou section and the restored parts in Huairou District spread across the office walls.They clearly show towers and 10.　　　　 (vary) scenic spots Cheng has mapped using a computer program.
读后续写补充练
环境保护篇
阅读下面的材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段话,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2025·山东潍坊摸底检测)
In a small community located in a suburb of Exeter,a disheartening issue had been troubling the neighborhood for years.The once pleasant surroundings were ruined by piles of waste that seemed to multiply with each passing day.Residents were growing tired of the worsening environment,leading many to abandon their homes in search of cleaner neighborhoods.It was in this terrible situation that two young students,Emma and Mia,decided to take matters into their own hands.
Emma and Mia were classmates and best friends from Phillips Exeter Academy,both passionate about environmental preservation and deeply concerned about the pollution crisis their community was facing.Witnessing more and more neighbors’ leaving,they knew they couldn’t stand by any longer.Determined to bring about a change,they undertook a mission that would soon catch the attention of the entire community.
Their journey began with thorough research and planning.The two girls searched carefully on the Internet for information on environmental initiatives and connected with local environmentalists.They organized meetings with residents to understand the issues at hand, collecting data on the types of waste,the sources,and the areas most affected.Armed with this knowledge,Emma and Mia worked out a comprehensive plan and announced it to ask for opinions from the residents.Surprisingly it was strongly supported.
Their strategy was twofold.First,they initiated a waste classification and recycling program.They distributed recycling bins(回收箱) to every household and educated the community about the importance of responsible waste management.Soon,the streets began to show signs of improvement as the volume of garbage inappropriately thrown away decreased gradually.
The second part of their plan was more ambitious.Emma and Mia gathered volunteers from their school and the neighborhood to take part in a massive clean-up campaign.Armed with gloves and trash (垃圾) bags,they began systematically clearing the waste from the streets,parks,and even the local bodies of water.Their firm commitment and hard work inspired others to join the cause.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
Half a year later,the changes were significant.
Paragraph 2:
Emma and Mia received recognition and honors for their work.
[情节构建]
情节线 情感线
速读文章定要素 Who 焦虑、担忧 　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　
When
Where
What
明确冲突定主题 Conflict & Clue Conflict: Clue: ① ②
Theme
预设问题定走向 Para.1 Half a year later,the changes were significant. Q1: Q2: Q3:
Para.2 Emma and Mia received recognition and honors for their work. Q1: Q2: Q3: UNIT 3　SEA EXPLORATION
以读促写
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·山东潍坊高三模拟)
Say the phrase “female environmental pioneers”,and among the names you will hear Rachel Carson,who wrote about pesticides,and chimpanzee expert Jane Goodall.To mark Women’s History Month,a magazine is sharing the story of an environmental pioneer who is not that famous but equally remarkable.
At age 3,Sylvia Earle found her lifelong passion while playing on a beach.A wave suddenly came up and knocked her over.
“My mother saw the big smile on my face and let me run back in,”Earle told a TV interviewer years later.“And I’ve been running back in ever since.”
Earle is now in her 80s and has spent a lifetime exploring the world’s oceans and working to protect them from pollution,overfishing and other threats.
She is a pioneer in using scuba gear.Scuba gear lets divers take breath underwater.She holds the world record for the deepest untethered walk on the ocean floor at 1,250 feet.This means she was not tied to anything when she was walking underwater.
In 1998,The media gave Earle its first Heroes for the Planet award.She was the first female chief scientist at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).It is the U.S.ocean and atmosphere group.She was also elected to the National Women’s Hall of Fame.
Earle has spent her life raising people’s awareness of ocean protection.She notes how much it affects the weather,and what we eat and drink.She makes every effort to educate those who don’t understand why the ocean matters.“They should know that with every breath they take,every drop of water they drink,the ocean is touching them,” Earle says.“You should treat the ocean as if your life depends on it—because it does.”
(　　)1.What does Earle’s lifelong passion refer to
A.Teaching people how to dive. B.Writing articles for magazines.
C.Exploring and protecting oceans. D.Providing equipment for divers.
(　　)2.What do we know about Earle from the text
A.Earle is a world record holder.
B.Earle’s mother is in support of her work.
C.Earle is a remarkable British ocean explorer.
D.Earle is the only female chief scientist at NOAA.
(　　)3.Which of the following words can best describe Earle
A.Brave and conservative. B.Devoted and courageous.
C.Determined and rigid. D.Ambitious and modest.
Ⅱ.七选五
Every living thing depends on the ocean.So when we hear the ocean is in trouble from the effects of overfishing,climate change,and pollution,it’s easy to feel powerless.1.　　　 But there are plenty of actions you can take to make a big difference to the ocean.
2.　　
The more you learn about the ocean,the better prepared you’ll be to inspire change and help others do the same.Thankfully,there are many ways to educate yourself about the ocean and the challenges it faces,from books and documentaries to websites,museums,art exhibits,and more.
Check the label.
Help keep fisheries healthy by choosing sustainable seafood when you shop or dine out.3.　　　 Look for the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) and Aquaculture Stewardship Council (ASC) labels.Their blue and green fish logos (标识) on your seafood ensure your fish can be traced back to sustainably-managed fisheries and farms.
Reduce your carbon emissions.
4.　　　 Decrease the effects of climate change on the ocean by cutting your carbon footprint at home: Turn off the lights when you’re not using them,walk or ride your bike to work,and demand renewable energy options in your community.
Travel smarter.
Consider booking your next trip through a responsible travel company that’s committed to protecting wildlife and using guides who are aware of rules and best practices.Once you arrive at your destination,be respectful of marine life and habitats.And be careful about your purchases.5.　　
A.Increase your ocean IQ.
B.Skip the single-use plastics.
C.What should be done to travel responsibly
D.What’s the easiest way to make sure your seafood is sustainable
E.Many of these issues will require leadership from governments and businesses.
F.In the last decades,the ocean has absorbed 90% of the extra heat created by burning fossil fuels.
G.Purchasing items like shark products damages delicate ecosystems and threatens endangered species.
Ⅲ.语法填空
Walk in the halls of an academic earth science department,and you’ll likely find 1.　　　　 (show) on a wall somewhere a strikingly beautiful map of the world’s ocean floor.2.　　　　 map was completed in 1977,being the first complete world map of the ocean floor and 3.　　　　 (represent) the highest point of Marie Tharp’s career.It gives scientists and the public alike their first sight of 4.　　　　 the sea floor looks like.
In the middle of the 20th century,when continental drift (大陆漂移) met with strong 5.　　　　 (oppose) from many American scientists,Tharp’s groundbreaking maps made it possible 6.　　　　 the theory of plate tectonics (板块构造学) to appear.
Tharp began her career at a time when few women 7.　　　　 (become) scientists,but she was able to take advantage of doors opened by historical circumstances,becoming 8.　　　　 (unique) qualified to make significant contributions to both science and cartography (地图绘制).
In 1997,the Library of Congress named her as one of the 9.　　　　 (great) cartographers of the 20th century.She died in 2006,but countless women scientists 10.　　　　 (motivate) by her spirit since then.
1.raise one’s awareness of 提高某人……的意识
2.make every effort to do sth 竭尽全力做某事
3.make a big difference to...对……产生很大的影响
4.be committed to doing sth致力于做某事
5.be aware of 意识到……
6.take advantage of 利用
1.a strong passion for 对……的强烈热情
2.strengthen the bonds 加强联系
3.for the benefit of 为了……的利益
4.an urgent need to do sth 迫切需要做某事
5.in hand 在手头;可供使用
6.take action 采取行动
7.vast amounts of 大量的
1.为了提高人们对海洋保护的意识,这次比赛由学生会组织,欢迎所有学生提交参赛作品。(过去分词短语作状语;非限制性定语从句)
2.该比赛致力于让大家意识到,我们绝不能忽视海洋保护的重要性。(同位语从句;完全倒装)
3.我们早就该竭尽全力采取行动保护海洋了。(虚拟语气)
假设你是学生会主席李华,你校学生会近期将举办以海洋保护为主题的英文海报设计大赛,在华交换生Freddie对此很感兴趣并写信咨询比赛的相关信息,请你给他回信,内容包括:
1.大赛目的;
2.作品要求;
3.参赛方式。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。UNIT 3　SEA EXPLORATION
以读促写
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·山东潍坊高三模拟)
Say the phrase “female environmental pioneers”,and among the names you will hear Rachel Carson,who wrote about pesticides,and chimpanzee expert Jane Goodall.To mark Women’s History Month,a magazine is sharing the story of an environmental pioneer who is not that famous but equally remarkable.
At age 3,Sylvia Earle found her lifelong passion while playing on a beach.A wave suddenly came up and knocked her over.
“My mother saw the big smile on my face and let me run back in,”Earle told a TV interviewer years later.“And I’ve been running back in ever since.”
Earle is now in her 80s and has spent a lifetime exploring the world’s oceans and working to protect them from pollution,overfishing and other threats.
She is a pioneer in using scuba gear.Scuba gear lets divers take breath underwater.She holds the world record for the deepest untethered walk on the ocean floor at 1,250 feet.This means she was not tied to anything when she was walking underwater.
In 1998,The media gave Earle its first Heroes for the Planet award.She was the first female chief scientist at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).It is the U.S.ocean and atmosphere group.She was also elected to the National Women’s Hall of Fame.
Earle has spent her life raising people’s awareness of ocean protection.She notes how much it affects the weather,and what we eat and drink.She makes every effort to educate those who don’t understand why the ocean matters.“They should know that with every breath they take,every drop of water they drink,the ocean is touching them,” Earle says.“You should treat the ocean as if your life depends on it—because it does.”
【语篇导读】 本文是新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一位一生致力于探索海洋、保护海洋的女性环保先锋。
(　　)1.What does Earle’s lifelong passion refer to
A.Teaching people how to dive.
B.Writing articles for magazines.
C.Exploring and protecting oceans.
D.Providing equipment for divers.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Earle is now...overfishing and other threats.”可知,已经80多岁的她一生致力于探索海洋、保护海洋。因此可知,她酷爱的是探索和保护海洋。故选C。
(　　)2.What do we know about Earle from the text
A.Earle is a world record holder.
B.Earle’s mother is in support of her work.
C.Earle is a remarkable British ocean explorer.
D.Earle is the only female chief scientist at NOAA.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“ She holds the world record for the deepest untethered walk on the ocean floor at 1,250 feet.”可知,她还保持着在1 250英尺深的海底自由行走的世界纪录。故选A。
(　　)3.Which of the following words can best describe Earle
A.Brave and conservative.
B.Devoted and courageous.
C.Determined and rigid.
D.Ambitious and modest.
【答案】 B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第四段和第五段内容可知,她一生致力于海洋探索和海洋保护,是一个有献身精神的人; 同时,无固定绳索支撑的情况下,在水下1 250英尺深的海底自由行走,说明她是一个勇敢的人。故选B。
Ⅱ.七选五
Every living thing depends on the ocean.So when we hear the ocean is in trouble from the effects of overfishing,climate change,and pollution,it’s easy to feel powerless.1.　　　 But there are plenty of actions you can take to make a big difference to the ocean.
2.　　
The more you learn about the ocean,the better prepared you’ll be to inspire change and help others do the same.Thankfully,there are many ways to educate yourself about the ocean and the challenges it faces,from books and documentaries to websites,museums,art exhibits,and more.
Check the label.
Help keep fisheries healthy by choosing sustainable seafood when you shop or dine out.
3.　　　 Look for the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) and Aquaculture Stewardship Council (ASC) labels.Their blue and green fish logos (标识) on your seafood ensure your fish can be traced back to sustainably-managed fisheries and farms.
Reduce your carbon emissions.
4.　　　 Decrease the effects of climate change on the ocean by cutting your carbon footprint at home: Turn off the lights when you’re not using them,walk or ride your bike to work,and demand renewable energy options in your community.
Travel smarter.
Consider booking your next trip through a responsible travel company that’s committed to protecting wildlife and using guides who are aware of rules and best practices.Once you arrive at your destination,be respectful of marine life and habitats.And be careful about your purchases.5.　　
A.Increase your ocean IQ.
B.Skip the single-use plastics.
C.What should be done to travel responsibly
D.What’s the easiest way to make sure your seafood is sustainable
E.Many of these issues will require leadership from governments and businesses.
F.In the last decades,the ocean has absorbed 90% of the extra heat created by burning fossil fuels.
G.Purchasing items like shark products damages delicate ecosystems and threatens endangered species.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章通过列举具体的行动步骤,向读者说明如何为保护海洋做出贡献。
1.【答案】 E
【解析】 根据上下文可知,前文讲述面对海洋问题,我们很容易感到无能为力,后文讲述我们可以采取行动,所以E项承接上文,并和下文构成转折关系,符合题意。故选E。
2.【答案】 A
【解析】 设空处为本段小标题。根据后文可知,本段主要讲述了要提高自己对海洋的认识,所以A项符合本段主题,适合作为本段小标题。故选A。
3.【答案】 D
【解析】 根据上下文可知,前文讲述购物或外出就餐时要选择可持续捕捞的海鲜产品,后文讲述怎么选择,所以D项承上启下,符合题意。故选D。
4.【答案】 F
【解析】 根据小标题可知,本段主要与通过减少碳排放来减轻气候变化对海洋的影响有关。设空处的后文是减少碳排放的具体做法。F项则是用科学事实解释了要减少碳排放的原因,即海洋吸收了绝大部分化石燃料燃烧产生的额外的热量,符合语境。故选F。
5.【答案】 G
【解析】 根据前文可知,本段主要讲述旅游时要注意保护海洋生态,购买东西时要小心,G项是对前文内容的举例,符合本段主题。故选G。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Walk in the halls of an academic earth science department,and you’ll likely find
1.　　　　 (show) on a wall somewhere a strikingly beautiful map of the world’s ocean floor.2.　　　　 map was completed in 1977,being the first complete world map of the ocean floor and 3.　　　　 (represent) the highest point of Marie Tharp’s career.It gives scientists and the public alike their first sight of 4.　　　　 the sea floor looks like.
In the middle of the 20th century,when continental drift (大陆漂移) met with strong
5.　　　　 (oppose) from many American scientists,Tharp’s groundbreaking maps made it possible 6.　　　　 the theory of plate tectonics (板块构造学) to appear.
Tharp began her career at a time when few women 7.　　　　 (become) scientists,but she was able to take advantage of doors opened by historical circumstances,becoming
8.　　　　 (unique) qualified to make significant contributions to both science and cartography (地图绘制).
In 1997,the Library of Congress named her as one of the 9.　　　　 (great) cartographers of the 20th century.She died in 2006,but countless women scientists
10.　　　　 (motivate) by her spirit since then.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。第一张完整的世界海底地图代表了Marie Tharp职业生涯的高光,它让科学家和公众第一次看到海底是什么样子,也使得板块构造学的出现成为
可能。
1.【答案】 shown
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。空处作非谓语,该非谓语部分被提到了被修饰词map之前,且及物动词show与map之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用过去分词表被动。故填shown。
2.【答案】 The
【解析】 考查冠词。此处的 map特指前面提到的a strikingly beautiful map,应用定冠词the,位于句首,首字母应大写。故填The。
3.【答案】 representing
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构并结合空前的and可知,空处与前面的being并列,都是非谓语动词作状语,且与map之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。故填 representing。
4.【答案】 what
【解析】 考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导宾语从句,且在从句中作宾语,应用what。故填what。
5.【答案】 opposition
【解析】 考查名词。空前是形容词,所以空处应用名词作宾语,oppose的名词形式是opposition,意为“反对”,为不可数名词。故填opposition。
6.【答案】 for
【解析】 考查介词。make it possible for sb/sth to do sth意为“使得某人/某物做某事成为可能”,为固定用法。故填for。
7.【答案】 became
【解析】 考查动词的时态。本句是when引导的定语从句,become作从句的谓语,描述客观事实且根据began可知,应用一般过去时。故填became。
8.【答案】 uniquely
【解析】 考查副词。空处修饰形容词 qualified,应用副词uniquely,意为“格外,尤其”。故填uniquely。
9.【答案】 greatest
【解析】 考查形容词最高级。根据空前的one of the和语境可知,此处表示“20世纪最伟大的地图绘制家之一”,应用形容词最高级。故填greatest。
10.【答案】 have been motivated
【解析】 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语since then可知,此处应用现在完成时,but后的分句的主语countless women scientists为复数且与motivate之间是被动关系,故应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been motivated。
1.raise one’s awareness of 提高某人……的意识
2.make every effort to do sth 竭尽全力做某事
3.make a big difference to...对……产生很大的影响
4.be committed to doing sth致力于做某事
5.be aware of 意识到……
6.take advantage of 利用
1.a strong passion for 对……的强烈热情
2.strengthen the bonds 加强联系
3.for the benefit of 为了……的利益
4.an urgent need to do sth 迫切需要做某事
5.in hand 在手头;可供使用
6.take action 采取行动
7.vast amounts of 大量的
1.为了提高人们对海洋保护的意识,这次比赛由学生会组织,欢迎所有学生提交参赛作品。(过去分词短语作状语;非限制性定语从句)
Aimed at raising people’s awareness of marine conservation,this contest is organised by the Students’ Union,where all the students are welcome to submit their entries.
2.该比赛致力于让大家意识到,我们绝不能忽视海洋保护的重要性。(同位语从句;完全
倒装)
The contest is committed to making everyone aware of the fact that on no account should we ignore the significance of marine conservation.
3.我们早就该竭尽全力采取行动保护海洋了。(虚拟语气)
It’s high time that we should make every effort to take action to protect the ocean.
假设你是学生会主席李华,你校学生会近期将举办以海洋保护为主题的英文海报设计大赛,在华交换生Freddie对此很感兴趣并写信咨询比赛的相关信息,请你给他回信,内容包括:
1.大赛目的;
2.作品要求;
3.参赛方式。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
　　One possible version:
Dear Freddie,
Exceedingly delighted to know that you have a strong passion for the English poster design contest themed on marine conservation,I’m writing to inform you of some detailed information.
Aimed at raising people’s awareness of marine conservation,this contest is organised by the Students’ Union, where all the students are welcome to submit their entries.First of all,originality really matters.Plus,the poster you design should be inspiring and thought-provoking, clearly illustrating the urgent need to protect it.Moreover, what may deeply impress the judges is a short slogan that makes your entry more persuasive and impressive.
If you are interested,begin to prepare for your entry now and submit it before 10 November to studentsunion.com.Looking forward to your participation.
Yours,
Li Hua
点津:为形容词短语作状语;
为过去分词短语作状语;
为where引导的非限制性定语从句;
为现在分词作状语;
为what引导的主语从句。UNIT 5　LAUNCHING YOUR CAREER
题组训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Here are some jobs that let you make a direct impact on others’ lives.
A career advisor
Career advisors help to lighten graduates’ load,often working at high schools,colleges or universities.In addition to consulting with students to help them make career decisions,the advisors also help students practise important job-seeking skills.Although some employers prefer applicants to have a master’s degree in counseling (咨询),not all require one.Pursuing a Bachelor of Psychology or Counseling is a great place to start.
A nutritionist
As far as industries go,health care likely offers the most jobs that help people. Nutritionists work in hospitals,schools or nursing homes to help create meal plans to improve the health of their clients.Along with a bachelor’s degree in food and nutrition,clinical nutrition or a related field,you’ll need to be licensed in most states.
A personal trainer
Personal trainers work with people of all ages to build custom fitness plans.Along with performing physical assessments and creating training programmes,personal trainers also inspire their clients to stick to a plan so they can achieve desired results.You should have a junior college degree,along with an associate’s degree in a health or fitness field,and you will need to pass an exam to receive your license.
A special education teacher
A special school can be a place for students with emotional,behavioral or learning challenges.Special education teachers are there to teach them to reach their full potential.As a special education teacher,you should plan and teach lessons according to students’ specific needs and abilities.Special education teachers must have a bachelor’s degree and a state-issued certification.
Find more information on our official website.
【语篇导读】 本文是应用文。文章介绍了几个可以对别人的生活产生直接影响的职业。
(　　)1.What does a career advisor should at least have
A.A counseling license.
B.A master’s degree.
C.A junior college degree.
D.A Bachelor of Psychology or Counseling.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段的最后两句可知,职业顾问至少要有心理学或咨询学学士学位。故选D。
(　　)2.Which job requires the lowest education degree
A.A career advisor.
B.A nutritionist.
C.A personal trainer.
D.A special education teacher.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句、第三段的最后一句、第四段的最后一句和第五段的最后一句可知,私人教练至少需要大专学历,而其他三个职业至少需要学士学位。故选C。
(　　)3.What kind of people is qualified for the special education teacher
A.Those who have a bachelor’s degree and a state-issued certification.
B.Those who have a driving license.
C.Those who have a master’s degree in counseling.
D.Those who have a bachelor’s degree in food and nutrition.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第五段的最后一句可知,拥有学士学位和持有国家颁发的证书的人可以成为特殊教育教师。故选A。
B
(2025·江苏盐城三校高三模拟)
Virtual reality gamers who finished the VR game faster than their fellow gamers also have higher levels of general intelligence and processing capacity.This was the result of a study conducted by Mr Weinmann from the University of Cologne.The results also indicate that virtual reality games can be useful supplementary human-resource-management tools in companies for predicting the job performance of an applicant.
Several studies have already shown that VR games may indicate or even help to develop intellectual and cognitive abilities.As intelligence is one of the most commonly used predictors for job performance,VR games could be interesting for human-resource-management. Although many companies are increasingly using VR technology to recruit(招募)candidates, only a few studies have specifically investigated whether and how VR games can be used to draw conclusions about intelligence in this area.The study contributes to bridging the gap between research and practice.
Weinmann invited 103 participants to his lab.Under controlled laboratory conditions,they played a commercial VR game and completed the short version of the intelligence test BIS-4.The researcher’s analyses show that an increase of 17% in processing capacity correlated with less time spent playing the game (by an average of 3.7 minutes).
The results are a scientific novelty,as it has hardly been possible to conduct VR studies with state-of-the-art VR hardware.There are thus few studies that have investigated the correlation between behavior in VR and intelligence,“There are already some companies that use games,so-called ‘serious games’,for recruiting.The new results are in line with this specific application of VR games and show that they can be used for recruiting,”said Weinmann.
The scientists intend to continue their research on the potential of VR games for practical applications.Among other things,they are investigating how people behave in virtual world.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍的是一项研究发现虚拟现实游戏可以作为人力资源管理的辅助工具,用于对应聘者的工作能力进行测试。
(　　)4.What can we learn from Weinmann’s study
A.The results are far from satisfactory.
B.The participants can play the game freely.
C.It aims to develop intellectual ability.
D.It helps to combine research with practice.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Although many companies are increasingly using VR technology to recruit(招募) candidates...The study contributes to bridging the gap between research and practice.”可知,该项研究填补了在研究与实践之间的空缺,所以这项研究帮助把研究与实践结合起来。故选D。
(　　)5.What is Weinmann’s attitude to the result of the study
A.Unclear. B.Intolerant.
C.Favorable. D.Doubtful.
【答案】 C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“‘...The new results are in line with this specific application of VR games and show that they can be used for recruiting,’ said Weinmann.”可知,Weinmann 认为这项研究成果可用于招聘中,所以他对研究结果持赞成态度。故选C。
(　　)6.What is the last paragraph mainly about
A.Limitations of the study.
B.Possible directions for future study.
C.The present situation of the study.
D.The explanation of the research method.
【答案】 B
【解析】 段落大意题。根据尾段内容可知,科学家将继续研究虚拟现实游戏在实际应用中的潜力以及人们在虚拟世界中的行为,由此可推断,该段主要介绍的是未来研究的方向。故选B。
(　　)7.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.VR games can be used in recruitment
B.VR games can indicate intelligence level
C.VR games improve applicants’ performance
D.VR games have gained popularity in management
【答案】 A
【解析】 标题归纳题。根据首段中的“The results also indicate that virtual reality games... for predicting the job performance of an applicant.”并结合下文对该研究成果的分析可知,本文主要介绍虚拟现实游戏可用于招聘中对应聘人员的工作表现进行测试,所以A项作为文章题目概括了全文内容也体现了文章主题。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·南京高三期末调研测试)
Achieving Success in Journalistic Writing
No book,article or blog post can turn an ambitious writer into a successful journalist.All that it can do is to help the writer learn to write.The primary skill in learning to write is practice.1.　　
Among the most convenient subjects are the events and news in the world around us.Such topics are what skilled journalists write about,and that is why we call this form of writing “journalistic writing”.
Journalistic writing is not a special literary technique that requires a special talent and an expansive vocabulary.2.　　　It is using language to tell what is going on in the world.As such,it requires no special talent beyond seeing and understanding what is taking place around us,to grasp its significance and relation to other events,and to tell others what we have seen and heard.
3.　　　One of the chief characteristics is timeliness and relevance.It has little time to talk about the past,except in comparison with the present.It has little time to foretell the future,except in pointing out the significance of the present.Its subject is today.It is primarily concerned with facts.The writer considers himself a recorder of the things other persons are doing and thinking.
Another basic part of journalistic writing is that the writer prepares it for a definite purpose.Some writers,like novelists,write to use beautiful words and sentences.
4.　　　However,the writer who favors a journalistic style uses English simply to tell what he has seen and heard; he realizes that his reader cares more for the things he tells than for the way in which he tells and expresses them.
Success in journalistic writing demands two important skills.One is the inborn skill to see and understand.The other is the skill to tell what the writer has seen in a way that makes the reader see the same thing.5.　　　If the writer is eager to excel,he must expand his knowledge and education so he can better understand and evaluate the things he sees and hears.
A.It will not do them any good to write news items.
B.To these imaginative literary writers,they favor expression.
C.To practise writing,one must have something to write about.
D.An ambitious writer can develop both skills if he lacks them.
E.The writer must write it now or never—without giving up quality.
F.Journalistic writing differs mainly in its subject matter and purpose.
G.Instead,it is the plainest,most reserved form of English composition.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了作家在新闻写作中取得成功的一些方法和建议。
1.【答案】 C
【解析】 根据上文“The primary skill in learning to write is practice.”可知,前文提到学习写作的主要技能是练习,C选项承接上文,引出下文提到的以身边事件和新闻为写作主题。故选C。
2.【答案】 G
【解析】 根据上文“Journalistic writing is not a special literary technique that requires a special talent and an expansive vocabulary.”可知,前文说新闻写作不是特殊的文学技巧,不需要特殊天赋和大量词汇,G 选项进一步解释新闻写作的特点,与前文形成转折,上下文紧密连接。故选G。
3.【答案】 F
【解析】 根据下文“One of the chief characteristics is timeliness and relevance...Its subject is today.It is primarily concerned with facts.”可知,后文分别阐述了新闻写作的及时性、相关性以及关注事实等特点,还提到写作目的,F选项能够概括该段内容,引出下文对新闻写作特点和目的的具体描述。故选F。
4.【答案】 B
【解析】 上文“Some writers,like novelists,write to use beautiful words and sentences.”提到有些作家写作是为了使用优美的词语和句子。下文“However,the writer who favors a journalistic style uses English simply...the way in which he tells and expresses them.”提到偏爱新闻风格的作家使用英语只是为了讲述他的所见所闻;读者更关心的是他讲述的内容,而不是他讲述和表达这些内容的方式。结合选项可知,B选项承接上文内容,为对上文内容的语意递进,同时引起下文,起到承上启下的作用。故选B。
5.【答案】 D
【解析】 根据上文“Success in journalistic writing demands...a way that makes the reader see the same thing.”可知,前文提到新闻写作成功需要两种重要技能,D选项承接上文内容,为对上文内容的语意递进,上下文紧密连接。故选D。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Cheng Yongmao,1.　　　　 is in his 60s and has been repairing and maintaining the Great Wall’s Jiankou section for nearly two decades,reaches his office at 6:30 a.m. and
2.　　　　 (get) right down to business.
Jiankou is widely considered one of the most dangerous parts of the Great Wall in Beijing and is known by 3.　　　　 (hiker) as the “Wild Wall”.The Great Wall’s Jiankou section has been subjected to natural disasters and human impact after 4.　　　　 (stand) for more than 450 years,and now extremely needs maintenance and reinforcement.
“Construction work is 5.　　　　 (general) conducted from April to October,and now it’s time 6.　　　　 (prepare) documents for future work,” said Cheng.“Previous work has to be reviewed,and historical items 7.　　　　 (unearth) during the cleaning and repairs need to be properly put in files,while construction charts for future efforts have to be readied.”
Cheng’s office is filled 8.　　　　 traces of his dealings with the Great Wall.A dozen walking sticks he made out of branches stand in the corner behind the door,next to
9.　　　　 pile of tools he uses for tiling.Detailed overall plans of the Jiankou section and the restored parts in Huairou District spread across the office walls.They clearly show towers and 10.　　　　 (vary) scenic spots Cheng has mapped using a computer program.
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了60多岁的程永茂长期致力于修复与维护北京长城箭扣段的故事,以及他日常工作的内容和重要性。
1.【答案】 who
【解析】 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Cheng Yongmao,指人,且在从句中作主语,应用关系代词who引导。故填 who。
2.【答案】 gets
【解析】 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空处是句子的谓语动词,根据空前的并列谓语“reaches”可知,句子描述的是程永茂的一般行为习惯,应用一般现在时,主语Cheng Yongmao是第三人称单数,谓语动词get应用第三人称单数形式。故填gets。
3.【答案】 hikers
【解析】 考查名词复数。hiker 是可数名词,空格前没有限定词,应用名词的复数形式作介词by的宾语,表泛指。故填hikers。
4.【答案】 standing
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。空前after是介词,其后需接动名词形式作介词宾语。故填standing。
5.【答案】 generally
【解析】 考查副词。空处应用所给词的副词形式generally“通常”,修饰动词conducted。故填generally。
6.【答案】 to prepare
【解析】 考查动词不定式。此处考查固定句型“it’s time to do sth”,意为“是时候做某事了”,空处应用动词不定式形式。故填 to prepare。
7.【答案】 unearthed
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语,修饰historical items,且historical items与unearth之间是被动关系,应用过去分词,表示“被发掘的历史物品”。故填unearthed。
8.【答案】 with
【解析】 考查介词。be filled with为固定搭配,意为“充满”。故填with。
9.【答案】 a
【解析】 考查冠词。pile 是可数名词,首次提及,且pile以辅音音素开头,故空处应用不定冠词a,a pile of表示“一堆”。故填a。
10.【答案】 various/varied
【解析】 考查形容词。空处应用形容词作定语修饰名词短语scenic spots。故填various/varied。

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