资源简介

Unit 4　Everyday economics
题组训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·福建龙岩五月检测)
The modern shopping experience has become a battleground, and consumers find themselves avoiding subscription offers at every turn. Want a cup of coffee Prepare yourself for the coffee bar’s pitch (推销) on the benefits of a monthly subscription. Need a software tool for one specific assignment Good luck finding a one-time purchase option among the rapid fire of subscription plans.
The subscription economy is reshaping the way we engage with everything from entertainment to fitness and beyond. The entire concept of a subscription is built on convenience. With time being precious, subscriptions offer a trouble-free approach to accessing all kinds of products and services.
Whether it’s streaming platforms or weekly grocery deliveries, subscriptions help people avoid individual and repetitive purchases. “Hand over your credit card details and let us take care of the rest,” these companies assure us. As our lifestyles become increasingly fast-paced, this is an attractive choice, particularly for young adults.
However, all that convenience comes with a dark side. These subscriptions are sold based on the premise (前提) that they will make our lives easier. While that might be true, they are also quietly emptying our wallets. The issue isn’t with the concept of subscriptions. If you’re paying a monthly fee for public transportation, you’re probably getting your money’s worth. The problem lies in the pervasive (无处不在的) nature of these offers.
People often regret making the decision to subscribe.That’s because we often sign up for things and then forget about them.
This is not a call to give up subscriptions altogether; they can provide genuine value and convenience. As consumers, we need to be aware of—and actively participate in—our financial decisions. In a world filled with subscriptions, we need to understand that not every purchase has to carry the weight of a monthly commitment.
(　　)1.What problem do consumers face in modern shopping
A.Frequent subscription offers.
B.Free samples everywhere.
C. One-time purchase limits.
D. High-price product pitches.
(　　)2.What is the core idea of a subscription
A.Affordability.
B.Availability.
C. Time savings.
D.Convenience.
(　　)3.What can subscription-based consumption lead to
A.Poor memory.
B.Unconscious over-spending.
C. Purchase addiction.
D.Unwise monthly commitments.
(　　)4.What does the author imply in the last paragraph
A.Sales promotion is misleading the consumers.
B.Monthly commitments guide financial decisions.
C. Consumers should selectively adopt subscriptions.
D.Consumers tend to overlook subscription details.
B
Traditionally,profiting from forests often meant capitalising on timber (木材)—choosing commercial timber.Yet increasingly,there is an understanding that it’s of greater significance to keep trees standing than to cut them down for financial profits.Money is not everything.We have to recognise that real and lasting value is from natural resources.But money is a fact of life.
Good news is that we can expect entire natural woodland is left undamaged and still provides a revenue (收益) stream.Leaving woodland complete does not necessarily mean that we do not touch it at all.Conservation work may involve building back biodiversity or the removal of foreign plant species.
A healthy woodland system can provide a range of yields (产物).Besides eatable yields—top fruit,berries,and food crops,it produces substances for chemical use.The non-timber forest products provided by natural ecosystems will vary significantly depending on where they are.But there are almost always ways to explore to acquire revenue.
A project in the U.K.shows woodland is also a draw for visitors.It engages a community that creates a sustainable area of woodland.The sale of handmade wooden items and non-timber forest products is involved.But the community largely obtains revenue by opening up parts of the natural woodland to the public with an adventure playground and outdoor recreational activities on the site.It also offers courses on nest building,special wildlife events and more.The project is thought to have great uniqueness.In terms of revenue,it centres round the existing natural land; the yields woodland can provide are side products.
Recreational activities,tours,and classes are just the commencement.A rich and biodiverse woodland can be an ecosystem that draws in people looking for a beautiful place to stay.
Woodland has great value in ecological and social terms.And when you nurse it,it could also add to the income from your land.
(　　)5.What does the author say about forest conservation
A. It is difficult to carry out.
B.It outweighs financial development.
C. It is getting growing attention.
D.It centres on building back biodiversity.
(　　)6.Why is the project considered unique
A. Because it aims to promote ecotourism.
B.Because it focuses on protecting natural land.
C. Because it provides educational experiences.
D.Because it makes woodland itself the main product.
(　　)7.What does the underlined word “commencement” mean in the last paragraph
A. Beginning. B.Wish.
C. Example. D.Intention.
(　　)8.Which is a suitable title for the text
A.A Project Makes the Best of Natural Resources
B.Woodland Brings Profits While Staying Complete
C. Forest Conservation Has Been a Top Priority
D.Non-timber Products Help Gain More Revenue
Ⅱ.读后续写(亲情、友情篇)
　　阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2025·广东云浮模拟)
　　“You will never walk again. You will have to use a wheelchair.” Unprepared for the doctor’s cruel diagnosis, I heard his words fall heavily on my ears. If I had never felt hopeless before, I felt hopeless then.
A catastrophic car accident had left me unconscious and in critical condition. I awakened to find both legs swathed in casts (被打上石膏). While I had other serious injuries, my legs were my prime concern. I couldn’t imagine being disabled for the whole life and being confined to a wheelchair the rest of my life didn’t fit into my plans.
Lying in my bed motionless, I wondered how I could give Jason, my ten-year-old son, hope that Mum would heal. He’d been cheerful on every visit, chattering about our previous countless park football games and expecting I could return to the game with him soon. However, I saw the fear in his eyes. The reality of having a disabled mother and the implications of that were weighing heavily on his little shoulders. I knew he needed the ray of hope that I would not be in a wheelchair forever. Just maybe, I thought, I could use this experience to teach what to do when adversity strikes. So I kept assuring him I would rise again. His eyes sparkled with trust in me. Then my health training began.
At first, I taught myself to move from the bed to the wheelchair. I just made tiny movements for weeks, while getting out of the chair and back into bed proved to be more difficult. After several weeks of these ever so difficult efforts, it seemed that I couldn’t make any progress. So it didn’t take me long to become impatient with the torturous health training. I began to feel on the edge of despair and Jason seemed to sense my depression.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
　　One visit, Jason brought the football we used to play with.
Paragraph 2:
　　With my son’s unwavering support, I made steady progress.
[情节构建]
情节线 情感线
速读文章定要素 Who 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 痛苦 　　　 　　　 感激
When 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Where 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
What
明确冲突定主题 Conflict & Clue Conflict:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Clue:①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Theme 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
预设问题定走向 Para.1 One visit, Jason brought the football we used to play with. Q1:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Q2:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Q3:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Para.2 With my son’s unwavering support, I made steady progress. Q1:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Q2:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Q3:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Unit 2　Lessons in life
以读促写　　　　　　　 　　　　　 　　　　　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·山东济南模拟)
I once complained to my friend Mike,“I often cycle for two miles from my house to the town centre but unfortunately there is a big hill on the route.” He replied,“You mean fortunately.” He explained that I should be glad of the extra exercise that the hill provided.
My attitude to the hill has now changed.I used to complain as I approached it but now I tell myself the following.This hill will exercise my heart and lungs.It will help me to lose weight and get fit.This hill is my friend.Finally I comfort myself with the thought that all those people who pay money to go to a gym sit on stationary exercise bicycles while I can get the same value for free.I have a smile of satisfaction as I reach the top of the hill.
Problems are there to be faced and overcome.We cannot achieve anything with an easy life.Helen Keller was the first deaf and blind person to gain a university degree.Her activism and writing proved inspirational.She wrote,“Character cannot be developed in ease and quiet.Only through experience of trial and suffering can the soul be strengthened,vision cleared,ambition inspired,and success achieved.”
One of the main determinants of success in life is our attitude towards adversity.From time to time we all face hardships,problems,accidents and difficulties.Some are of our making but many are no fault of our own.While we cannot choose adversity,we can choose our attitude towards it.
Douglas Bader was 21 when in 1931 he had both legs cut off following a flying accident.He was determined to fly again and went on to become one of the best pilots.He said,“Don’t listen to anyone who tells you that you can’t do this or that.That’s nonsense.Make up your mind that you’ll never use crutches or a stick,then have a go at everything.Go to school and join in all the games you can.Go anywhere you want to.But never,never let them persuade you that things are too difficult or impossible.”
The biographies of great people are full of examples of how they took steps to overcome the difficulties they faced.The common thread is that they did not become depressed.They chose their attitude.They chose to be positive.They took up the challenge.They won.Nevertheless,there is still the problem of how you change your attitude towards adversity.
【语篇导读】 本文是议论文。文章主要论述了决定成败的主要因素之一是我们对待逆境的态度。
(　　)1.Which of the following is TRUE according to the author of the passage
A.One who wants to achieve success can’t expect to live an easy life.
B. Climbing hills on bicycles is the best way to take exercise.
C. Going to a gym is greatly beneficial to people’s health.
D. People’s attitude to hardships is the only factor of their success.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知,一个想要成功的人不能期望过轻松的生活,A项符合题意。故选A。
(　　)2.What does the author intend to tell us by quoting what Douglas Bader said
A.Failure is the mother of success.
B. A bad workman quarrels with his tools.
C. If you risk nothing,you will have nothing.
D. Nothing is difficult to the man who will try.
【答案】 D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第五段所引用的Douglas Bader 的话“‘Don’t listen to anyone...or impossible.’”可知,Douglas Bader阐明了自己的观点,即不要听信任何人对你说你做不了这做不好那的话,下定决心,去任何你想去的地方,绝对不要让他们说服你事情太困难或者不可能做到,这与D项意思吻合。故选D。
(　　)3.What will the author further talk about in the following paragraph
A.How his friend helped him to change his attitude towards the challenge he faced.
B. Why it is important to keep optimistic in the face of trouble.
C. What steps to take to change your attitude towards the difficulties you face.
D. What great people have in common.
【答案】 C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知,作者接下来会谈论“如何改变你对待逆境的态度”。故选C。
(　　)4.Which of the following might be the best title for the passage
A.Different Attitudes Towards Misfortune
B. Face Difficulties with a Smile
C. Nothing Is Impossible
D. Life Is Full of Adversity
【答案】 B
【解析】 标题归纳题。本文介绍了名人对待逆境的态度,围绕“面对逆境,我们应持乐观的态度”这一话题展开论述,因此B项最适合作文章标题。故选B。
B
(2025·福建福州模拟)
　　“You learn a lot by almost dying,” David always says. In fact, he learnt more than enough!
In 2010, David, a sophomore from the University of Pennsylvania’s medical school, got very sick and the diagnosis was Castleman (卡斯尔曼病) — a rare condition. In hospital, David noticed curious red spots on his skin. He asked doctors what the spots meant. “They went out of their way to say they didn’t matter,” said David, but he would go on to prove he was on to something.
Castleman struck David four more times over the next three years. David stayed alive only through intense chemotherapy. Despite the illness, he managed to graduate and began an Master of Business Administration (MBA) at Penn’s Wharton School, where he founded the Castleman Disease Collaborative Network (CDCN) — a global initiative devoted to fighting against Castleman. Many of his MBA classmates joined the cause. David hoped that adopting a Chief Executive Officer (CEO) mindset would enable him to scale up his approach to curing himself. CDCN prioritised clinical trials that repurposed drugs which had already been approved as safe, rather than starting from scratch.
In 2013, another attack marked his closest brush with death yet. This time, David saved his own life. After examining his medical charts, he targeted an idea that researchers hadn’t yet explored: A protein called Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) which controls blood vessel growth. David hypothesised that the red spots with every recurrence were a direct result of that protein spike. David asked his doctor to prescribe Sirolimus, a drug approved to suppress the immune system to prevent rejection in kidney transplant patients. He picked it up at a pharmacy. “A drug that could potentially save my life was hiding in plain sight,” he said.
David’s Castleman disease entered sustained remission following the treatment, restoring him to near full strength. As an assistant professor at the University of Pennsylvania, he led a clinical trial on the drug that has given him his life back. “So little time and money have been invested in these rare diseases like Castleman,” says David. “There’s tremendous opportunity to change that, and there’s a lot of low-hanging fruit!”
【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了大卫患病后,主动探究红斑病因,自行研究病历提出新观点并求药治疗,还创办CDCN组织抗击疾病的故事。他全程积极自救,努力为攻克疾病做贡献。
(　　)5.What can we know about the CDCN
A.It’s a domestic organisation in the USA.
B.It recruited members beyond the medical field.
C. It’s founded when David was a medical student.
D.It prioritised clinical trials on newly-applied drugs.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Despite the illness ... joined the cause.”可知,毕业后,大卫发起了一项全球性的倡议——卡斯尔曼病协作网络(CDCN),致力于对抗卡斯尔曼病。他的许多MBA同学都加入了这项事业。由此可知,CDCN招募了医学领域之外的成员。故选B。
(　　)6.What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A.David’s recovered from Castleman completely.
B.David’s doing further research on Sirolimus.
C. Sufficient investments are put in Castleman research.
D.High likelihood of bearing fruit is in Castleman research.
【答案】 D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知,大卫认为在卡斯尔曼病研究方面有很大的机会取得成果。故选D。
(　　)7.According to the text, which one is right
A.Sirolimus has certain effectiveness for Castleman.
B.Chemotherapy cures Castleman disease completely.
C. David suffered Castleman recurrence four times totally.
D.Red spots on David’s skin caused an increase in VEGF levels.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“David asked ... kidney transplant patients.”以及最后一段最后一句可知,西罗莫司这个药对卡斯尔曼病有一定疗效。故选A。
(　　)8.What can we learn from David’s experience
A.No pains, no gains.
B. It’s never too late to learn.
C. Where there is a will, there is a way.
D.A man’s ambition to go out is not just for his own sake.
【答案】 D
【解析】 推理判断题。通读全文可知,大卫患病后,主动探究红斑病因,自行研究病历提出新观点并求药治疗,还创办CDCN组织抗击疾病。他不仅积极自救,还努力为攻克疾病做贡献,完美诠释了“男儿出门志,不独为其身”。故选D。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·广东惠州模拟)
Every time life knocks you down, just remember these actions to take, and you can heal and overcome the crisis quickly, returning to your life stronger and happier.
Accept reality. Instead of avoiding life, take the changes as challenges. You will eventually either get what you want or get something better. You don’t necessarily need to be in a place where there is no challenge or hard work. 1.　　　 Once you manage to do that, you can handle anything that comes your way.
2.　　　 After darkness, there is always light, and every sunrise reminds you of this, but sometimes you still forget this fact and choose to believe that the night will last forever. It won’t, because nothing lasts forever. Every moment is a second chance to start fresh, so take this moment and make the best of it.
Push yourself to take another step, whatever happens. Every mistake and loss contains the solution and the hidden lesson,you need to handle it better next time. Don’t let things outside your control interfere with the endless things within your control. 3.　　
Be positive and don’t let negativity control you. You can either give in to negativity and let it take over your life, or you can be positive and focus on what truly matters. 4.　　　 Choose to be positive about your situation, your opportunities, and what you can do to move forward.
Find one small thing you can appreciate. If you have many reasons to cry and complain but choose to smile and appreciate life instead, you’re on the right path. Being thankful for the“ordinary” things in your life may seem strange. 5.　　　 Think of all the beauty around you, notice it, and smile.
A.Look forward to a fresh start.
B.You need to embrace the changes and stay calm.
C.Instead, use those things to drive yourself forward.
D.Remind yourself that everything in life is temporary.
E.In other words,don’t wait for a reason to be positive.
F.Being positive in negative situations doesn’t mean being naive.
G.But only when you truly appreciate them can you make them extraordinary.
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了当人们在生活中遇到挫折时应采取的积极行动,以快速恢复并克服危机,变得更强大、更快乐。
1.【答案】 B
【解析】 根据空处上文内容可知,此处应建议人们要接受生活中的变化,并勇敢面对挑战。B项是对上文内容的进一步阐释,强调人们要接受变化并保持冷静,符合语境。故选B。
2.【答案】 D
【解析】 根据空处下文内容可知,此处应强调生活中的困难都是暂时的,光明总会到来。D项强调了生活中一切都是暂时的这一观点,准确概括了下文内容,符合语境。故选D。
3.【答案】 C
【解析】 根据空处上一句可知,此处建议人们不要让无法控制的事情干扰到能够控制的事情,C项与上文内容构成转折关系,强调人们要利用外界因素来推动自己前进,符合语境。
故选C。
4.【答案】 E
【解析】 根据空处上下文内容可知,此处应建议人们要保持积极,不要等待一个理由去保持积极,而是要主动选择积极。E项承上启下,符合语境。故选E。
5.【答案】 G
【解析】 根据空处上一句可知,感激生活中的“平凡”事物可能看起来很奇怪。此处是在告诉人们感激生活中的平凡事物,并把它们变得不平凡。G项与上文内容构成转折关系,强调了真正感激平凡事物的重要性,以及这样做能带来的不平凡结果,符合语境。故选G。
1.comfort oneself with...用……安慰自己
2.trial and suffering考验和痛苦
3.be determined to do...下定决心做……
4.make up one’s mind下定决心
5.take steps to do sth采取措施去做某事
6.scale up one’s approach to doing sth 增加某人做某事的方法
7.mark one’s closest brush with death标志着某人与死亡最接近的一次擦肩
8.enter sustained remission 进入持续缓解期
9.embrace the changes and stay calm 接受变化,保持从容
1.make the most of 充分利用
2.keep in touch with 和……保持联系
3.to the full 充分地;彻底地
4.stick to 坚持
5.search for 寻找
6.burst out laughing 突然笑起来
7.get through (设法)做完;渡过难关
8.be reluctant to 不愿意……
1.去年冬天被确诊重症肺炎时,我与死亡擦肩而过。(when引导时间状语从句)
Last winter marked my closest brush with death when I was diagnosed with severe pneumonia.
2.恢复期间,我不得不用有声书安慰自己,并充分利用视频通话与同学们保持联系。(动词不定式作目的状语)
During the recovery period, I had to comfort myself with audiobooks and make the most of video calls to keep in touch with classmates.
3.当我终于再次和朋友一起放声大笑时,我意识到:愈合不是抹去伤痕,而是在裂缝中寻找光。(not...but...句型)
When I finally burst out laughing with friends again, I realised that healing isn’t about erasing scars, but searching for light in the cracks.
　　学校英文报正在组织分享自己战胜困难的经历的活动,请你以“Overcoming My Darkest Hour”为题写一篇短文投稿。内容如下:
　　1.简要描述经历;
　　2.体验和感受。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
Overcoming My Darkest Hour
　　One possible version:
Overcoming My Darkest Hour
Last winter marked my closest brush with death when I was diagnosed with severe pneumonia.
During the recovery period, I had to comfort myself with audiobooks and make the most of video calls to keep in touch with classmates. Reluctant to fall behind, I made up my mind to get through online courses.
The trial and suffering taught me to embrace the changes and stay calm. Now entering sustained remission, I’ve scaled up my approach to studying by breaking tasks into smaller steps. When I finally burst out laughing with friends again, I realised that healing isn’t about erasing scars, but searching for light in the cracks.
点津:为when引导的时间状语从句;
为动词不定式作目的状语;
为形容词短语作状语;
为not...but...句型。选择性必修　第四册
Unit 1　Looking forwards
题组训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·江苏南通模拟)
Life in the Future
What life will be like in the future is difficult to predict.It is,however,possible to use models to make forecasts about future developments.One way to catch a glimpse of the future is to examine some of the major trends in contemporary society.
Transport
Current trends indicate that transport is becoming cleaner,faster and safer.Public transport is already well developed in most urban areas of China.New technology is being used to make sure that the cars,taxis,buses and trains we use do not pollute the air.A good example of how transport is changing is the new maglev train,which is environmentally friendly,energy-saving and travels at an amazing speed.To ensure safety,the train is controlled by an advanced computer system.Scientists are also developing new fuels and engines that will let us travel without worrying about whether we are polluting the environment.
Business
It will not be business as usual in the future.Many companies and consumers have already begun reforming the way they do business.E-commerce,or business done on the Internet,is becoming more and more popular as people discover the advantages of online shopping.The Internet also makes it easier for companies to keep in touch with customers and companies in other countries.For people who do go out for shopping,shopping is no longer just a necessity.It has become a form of entertainment.Instead of searching a crowded store for basic goods,such as food and clothes,people want to go to a pleasant mall and combine shopping with fun.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要从交通和商业两方面预测了未来生活的样子。
(　　)1.Which of the following is the feature of future transport
A.It will be more entertaining.
B.It will be safer.
C. It will be funnier.
D.It will be cheaper.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据Transport部分中的第一句可知,目前的趋势表明,交通运输正在变得更清洁、更快速和更安全。故选B。
(　　)2.What’s the definition of e-commerce
A.It is business done on the Internet.
B.It is business related to electricity.
C. It is business related to electronics.
D.It is business done by electricians.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句可知,随着人们发现网上购物的优势,电子商务或网上交易正变得越来越流行。由此可知,电子商务的定义就是通过互联网做生意。故选A。
(　　)3.What will the future mall be like
A.The future mall will be as large as a small city.
B.In the mall people can not only shop but also have fun.
C. People can do anything in the future mall.
D.The future mall will offer everything people need.
【答案】 B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可推知,在未来的购物中心里,人们不仅可以购物,还可以玩得很开心。故选B。
B
I major in Mechanical Engineering and Political Science.When someone hears what I study,I’m usually met with two reactions.The first is a small smile with the word “overachiever” on the tip of their tongue.The second is a look of confusion,followed by an exaggerated (夸张的) “Why ”.The short answer:I want to be a problem solver,and engineering teaches me how to become that type of person.In addition,I also want to be able to look at the bigger picture.
It’s the beginning of a new year,and a lot of first-year students have plans for double or triple majors.However,as most of us quickly realise after that first fall semester,college is a lot! We are unavoidably forced to make choices—do we keep trying to make our double or triple majors work or do we completely switch gears The thing I wished someone told me on day one is if you’re passionate about something,it’s not going to feel like work.Political Science can be challenging,but to me,it’s fun to read laws and see the impact each word has on our interpretation.
This may sound hard to accept,but if you are double or triple majoring because you think you’re in a race with your peers,you’re only running yourself into the ground.Don’t double or triple major if you are doing it for a mark on your resume,because then your life will be a living hell for the next four years.What is going to make you impressive is the passion that you have—whether it be in your study,career,or something else your career and study will enable you to do.
Always think about your “why” when it comes to the schedule a double or triple major entails.Because at the end of the day,it’s going to be you doing the homework—so try to enjoy what you’re doing along the ride for what it’s worth.
【语篇导读】 本文是议论文。文章主要论述了大学生不要盲目地为了竞争而选择多个专业,而是要出于热爱去进行选择。
(　　)4.How do people tend to feel about the author’s majors
A.Impressed or puzzled.
B.Ashamed or challenged.
C. Satisfied or confused.
D.Amazed or concerned.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段第三、四句可知,当人们听到作者的专业时,有些人会感到佩服,有些人会感到困惑。故选A。
(　　)5.What enables the author to enjoy learning Political Science
A.The value of studying the laws.
B.The influence of learning engineering.
C. His/Her career planning for the future.
D.His/Her enthusiasm for the major.
【答案】 D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段的最后一句和第三段的最后一句可知,是热爱使得作者喜欢学习政治学。故选D。
(　　)6.According to the author,what causes multiple majors’ hard situation in college
A.Adjusting the schedule for majors constantly.
B.Pursuing multiple majors out of competitive motivation.
C. Making random choices without the sufficient consideration.
D.Estimating the difficulty of multiple majoring inaccurately.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知,在作者看来,选择多个专业让大学生们处在糟糕的状况的原因是,他们只是为了跟同龄人竞争才选择多个专业。故选B。
(　　)7.What is the author’s purpose of writing the text
A.To promote the concept of multiple majoring.
B.To explain the reasons for choosing a double major.
C. To stress the significance of passion in multiple majoring.
D.To compare the gains and losses of multiple majoring.
【答案】 C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“What is going to...that you have”并结合全文可知,作者写这篇文章的目的是建议大学生要出于热爱去选择专业,强调热爱在多专业中的重要性。故选C。
C
(2025·广东深圳模拟)
As an adult,one of the questions you are asked when meeting someone new is,“What do you do ” This is because your career is a very important part of who you are.The career you have significantly shapes your life,and so taking time to think about it is an essential exercise for young people.
One of the most effective ways to get some insight into a possible career path is to complete a “career aptitude (才能) test”.There are many different kinds of career aptitude tests.Some ask questions about your personal interests and attitudes.Others focus more on asking you to rate different kinds of work scenarios (设想),like working as a librarian or a lawyer.Of course,while completing these tests,it is very important to be honest,and don’t worry,there are no right or wrong answers.
One popular test asks the participants to grade their preferences for a variety of work tasks.Their answers are then analysed and divided among six different types of work personalities.The participants are then given a chart showing their scores for each type of work personality.The top three scores are used to create a code that indicates the participant’s overall work personality.This code is then used to generate a list of career suggestions.
The career suggestions are also based on participants’ education and experience levels,but they can look at higher-level careers as well,which is very useful for high school students.For example,users can look at the basic careers to see what work they might like now,and then look at the more advanced careers so they know what they may like to aim for in the future.This is a great tool to help plan users’ careers and let users know what targets they need to reach to get there.
In conclusion,career aptitude tests are useful tools.So try a few tests online and start thinking about your future career right now!
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了职业能力倾向测试对年轻人未来规划职业生涯的重要性及测试过程。
(　　)8.Why does the author ask the question in Paragraph 1
A.To support an idea.
B.To introduce a topic.
C. To define a profession.
D.To clarify a new concept.
【答案】 B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,职业是人的身份中非常重要的一部分,因此,作者在第一段提出问题是为了引出话题。故选B。
(　　)9.Why is honesty crucial when taking a career aptitude test
A.Because the test results are used to determine your eligibility for specific job openings,so accuracy is paramount.
B.Because inaccurate answers can lead to a false sense of confidence,which might later result in professional setbacks.
C. Because the test is designed to reveal your true potential,and only truthful responses can provide an accurate assessment.
D.Because if you are not honest,the test will not be able to accurately assess your interests and guide you towards suitable career paths.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句以及第三、四段对测试过程和作用的描述可知,如果不诚实,测试就无法准确评估测试者的兴趣并引导测试者走向合适的职业道路。故选D。
(　　)10.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A.The theory of coding.
B.The advice on career planning.
C. The variety of work personalities.
D.The process of a career aptitude test.
【答案】 D
【解析】 段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知,第三段主要描述了一个职业能力倾向测试的过程。故选D。
(　　)11.What does the underlined “aim for” most likely mean in this passage
A.To casually consider.
B.To unintentionally stumble upon.
C. To strategically plan and pursue.
D.To passively wait for.
【答案】 C
【解析】 猜测短语题。根据画线短语所在句可知,通过职业能力倾向测试了解基础职业和更高级的职业,是为了帮助规划职业,知道要达到什么目标,由此可推知,aim for意为“追求,力争达到”。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·厦门六中3月模拟)
If I hadn’t been a struggling violinist,I might never have become a writer.In the fourth grade,my school started an orchestra programme,and I eagerly 　1　 to learn the violin with my friend Irene,walking to weekly lessons together.
Our teacher,Mr Baumgartner,was 　2　.He warned that damaging instruments would get us dismissed.Sadly,I wasn’t 　3　 at the violin.One day during practice,the bridge (琴马) flew off and the strings 　4　.Terrified,I attempted to repair the bridge with glue.But when Mr Baumgartner saw the 　5　 bridge,he said I couldn’t stay in the orchestra.Instead,he 　6　 I join the glee club.
In the glee club,I discovered joy in group singing,　7　 my average voice.Later,our high school chorus 　8　 a competition to select singers for the City Honour Chorus.Surprisingly,I was among five girls selected.After a performance,my English teacher asked if anyone wanted to 　9　 the school paper.Somehow,I 　10　 my hand.Though I’d never considered writing,seeing my name in print 　11　 me;I longed to write more.
The next year,I became the paper’s 　12　.Writing felt natural,like a hidden 　13　 waiting to emerge.Years later,at a reunion,Irene told me she’d become a(n) 　14　 violinist in Australia.I thought,“That might’ve been me.” But Mr Baumgartner’s strictness guided me to a world of 　15　.Life’s detours,I realised,often lead to unexpected gifts.
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在面对未来时,如何从一个不太擅长小提琴的学生,经历一系列转折后,最终成为一名作家的故事。
(　　)1.A.registered B.signalled
C. commanded D.developed
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据下文“to learn the violin with my friend Irene,walking to weekly lessons together”可知,作者报了小提琴课,register意为“登记,注册”,符合语境。故选A。
(　　)2.A.gentle B.strict
C. patient D.humorous
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据下文“He warned that damaging instruments would get us dismissed.”及最后一段中的“Mr Baumgartner’s strictness”可知,Mr Baumgartner很严格(strict)。故选B。
(　　)3.A.equal B.curious
C. skilled D.astonished
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据上文“Sadly”可知,作者并不擅长拉小提琴,be skilled at意为“擅长于”,符合语境。故选C。
(　　)4.A.broke B.shook
C. faded D.touched
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据上文“the bridge (琴马) flew off and the strings”可知,琴马飞了出去,琴弦断(broke)了。故选A。
(　　)5.A.shiny B.wooden
C. twisted D.missing
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据上文“the bridge (琴马) flew off”可知,琴马飞了出去,变得弯曲(twisted)了。
故选C。
(　　)6.A.ordered B.begged
C. suggested D.doubted
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据上文“...I couldn’t stay in the orchestra.Instead”可知,Mr Baumgartner建议(suggested)作者加入合唱团。故选C。
(　　)7.A.except B.like
C. without D.despite
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据上文“I discovered joy in group singing”和下文“my average voice”可知,作者发现了合唱的乐趣,尽管(despite)作者的声音一般。故选D。
(　　)8.A.withdrew B.held
C. won D.cancelled
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据下文“a competition to select singers for the City Honour Chorus”可知,作者的高中合唱团举办(held)了一场比赛。故选B。
(　　)9.A.contribute to B.come across
C. give out D.put off
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据下文“the school paper”可知,老师问是否有人想给校报投稿(contribute to)。
故选A。
(　　)10.A.lowered B.shook
C. raised D.waved
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据下文“seeing my name in print”可知,作者举起(raised)了手,表示愿意投稿。
故选C。
(　　)11.A.observed B.picked
C. inspired D.composed
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据下文“I longed to write more”可知,作者受到了鼓舞(inspired)。故选C。
(　　)12.A.teacher B.editor
C. leader D.designer
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据上文“I became the paper’s”可知,作者成为校报的编辑(editor)。故选B。
(　　)13.A.fear B.hobby
C. mistake D.talent
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据上文“Writing felt natural”可知,作者写作起来很自然,就像有一种隐藏的天赋(talent)等待着出现。故选D。
(　　)14.A.professional B.amateur
C. retired D.absent
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据下文“violinist in Australia”可知,艾琳已经在澳大利亚成为一名专业的(professional)小提琴手。故选A。
(　　)15.A.music B.science
C. sports D.words
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据上文“I longed to write more”可知,作者后来写文章,向校报投稿,是进入了文字(words)的世界。故选D。Unit 2　Lessons in life
以读促写
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·山东济南模拟)
I once complained to my friend Mike,“I often cycle for two miles from my house to the town centre but unfortunately there is a big hill on the route.” He replied,“You mean fortunately.” He explained that I should be glad of the extra exercise that the hill provided.
My attitude to the hill has now changed.I used to complain as I approached it but now I tell myself the following.This hill will exercise my heart and lungs.It will help me to lose weight and get fit.This hill is my friend.Finally I comfort myself with the thought that all those people who pay money to go to a gym sit on stationary exercise bicycles while I can get the same value for free.I have a smile of satisfaction as I reach the top of the hill.
Problems are there to be faced and overcome.We cannot achieve anything with an easy life.Helen Keller was the first deaf and blind person to gain a university degree.Her activism and writing proved inspirational.She wrote,“Character cannot be developed in ease and quiet.Only through experience of trial and suffering can the soul be strengthened,vision cleared,ambition inspired,and success achieved.”
One of the main determinants of success in life is our attitude towards adversity.From time to time we all face hardships,problems,accidents and difficulties.Some are of our making but many are no fault of our own.While we cannot choose adversity,we can choose our attitude towards it.
Douglas Bader was 21 when in 1931 he had both legs cut off following a flying accident.He was determined to fly again and went on to become one of the best pilots.He said,“Don’t listen to anyone who tells you that you can’t do this or that.That’s nonsense.Make up your mind that you’ll never use crutches or a stick,then have a go at everything.Go to school and join in all the games you can.Go anywhere you want to.But never,never let them persuade you that things are too difficult or impossible.”
The biographies of great people are full of examples of how they took steps to overcome the difficulties they faced.The common thread is that they did not become depressed.They chose their attitude.They chose to be positive.They took up the challenge.They won.Nevertheless,there is still the problem of how you change your attitude towards adversity.
(　　)1.Which of the following is TRUE according to the author of the passage
A.One who wants to achieve success can’t expect to live an easy life.
B. Climbing hills on bicycles is the best way to take exercise.
C. Going to a gym is greatly beneficial to people’s health.
D. People’s attitude to hardships is the only factor of their success.
(　　)2.What does the author intend to tell us by quoting what Douglas Bader said
A.Failure is the mother of success.
B. A bad workman quarrels with his tools.
C. If you risk nothing,you will have nothing.
D. Nothing is difficult to the man who will try.
(　　)3.What will the author further talk about in the following paragraph
A.How his friend helped him to change his attitude towards the challenge he faced.
B. Why it is important to keep optimistic in the face of trouble.
C. What steps to take to change your attitude towards the difficulties you face.
D. What great people have in common.
(　　)4.Which of the following might be the best title for the passage
A.Different Attitudes Towards Misfortune
B. Face Difficulties with a Smile
C. Nothing Is Impossible
D. Life Is Full of Adversity
B
(2025·福建福州模拟)
　　“You learn a lot by almost dying,” David always says. In fact, he learnt more than enough!
In 2010, David, a sophomore from the University of Pennsylvania’s medical school, got very sick and the diagnosis was Castleman (卡斯尔曼病) — a rare condition. In hospital, David noticed curious red spots on his skin. He asked doctors what the spots meant. “They went out of their way to say they didn’t matter,” said David, but he would go on to prove he was on to something.
Castleman struck David four more times over the next three years. David stayed alive only through intense chemotherapy. Despite the illness, he managed to graduate and began an Master of Business Administration (MBA) at Penn’s Wharton School, where he founded the Castleman Disease Collaborative Network (CDCN) — a global initiative devoted to fighting against Castleman. Many of his MBA classmates joined the cause. David hoped that adopting a Chief Executive Officer (CEO) mindset would enable him to scale up his approach to curing himself. CDCN prioritised clinical trials that repurposed drugs which had already been approved as safe, rather than starting from scratch.
In 2013, another attack marked his closest brush with death yet. This time, David saved his own life. After examining his medical charts, he targeted an idea that researchers hadn’t yet explored: A protein called Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) which controls blood vessel growth. David hypothesised that the red spots with every recurrence were a direct result of that protein spike. David asked his doctor to prescribe Sirolimus, a drug approved to suppress the immune system to prevent rejection in kidney transplant patients. He picked it up at a pharmacy. “A drug that could potentially save my life was hiding in plain sight,” he said.
David’s Castleman disease entered sustained remission following the treatment, restoring him to near full strength. As an assistant professor at the University of Pennsylvania, he led a clinical trial on the drug that has given him his life back. “So little time and money have been invested in these rare diseases like Castleman,” says David. “There’s tremendous opportunity to change that, and there’s a lot of low-hanging fruit!”
(　　)5.What can we know about the CDCN
A.It’s a domestic organisation in the USA.
B.It recruited members beyond the medical field.
C. It’s founded when David was a medical student.
D.It prioritised clinical trials on newly-applied drugs.
(　　)6.What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A.David’s recovered from Castleman completely.
B.David’s doing further research on Sirolimus.
C. Sufficient investments are put in Castleman research.
D.High likelihood of bearing fruit is in Castleman research.
(　　)7.According to the text, which one is right
A.Sirolimus has certain effectiveness for Castleman.
B.Chemotherapy cures Castleman disease completely.
C. David suffered Castleman recurrence four times totally.
D.Red spots on David’s skin caused an increase in VEGF levels.
(　　)8.What can we learn from David’s experience
A.No pains, no gains.
B. It’s never too late to learn.
C. Where there is a will, there is a way.
D.A man’s ambition to go out is not just for his own sake.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·广东惠州模拟)
Every time life knocks you down, just remember these actions to take, and you can heal and overcome the crisis quickly, returning to your life stronger and happier.
Accept reality. Instead of avoiding life, take the changes as challenges. You will eventually either get what you want or get something better. You don’t necessarily need to be in a place where there is no challenge or hard work. 1.　　　 Once you manage to do that, you can handle anything that comes your way.
2.　　　 After darkness, there is always light, and every sunrise reminds you of this, but sometimes you still forget this fact and choose to believe that the night will last forever. It won’t, because nothing lasts forever. Every moment is a second chance to start fresh, so take this moment and make the best of it.
Push yourself to take another step, whatever happens. Every mistake and loss contains the solution and the hidden lesson,you need to handle it better next time. Don’t let things outside your control interfere with the endless things within your control. 3.　　
Be positive and don’t let negativity control you. You can either give in to negativity and let it take over your life, or you can be positive and focus on what truly matters. 4.　　　 Choose to be positive about your situation, your opportunities, and what you can do to move forward.
Find one small thing you can appreciate. If you have many reasons to cry and complain but choose to smile and appreciate life instead, you’re on the right path. Being thankful for the“ordinary” things in your life may seem strange. 5.　　　 Think of all the beauty around you, notice it, and smile.
A.Look forward to a fresh start.
B.You need to embrace the changes and stay calm.
C.Instead, use those things to drive yourself forward.
D.Remind yourself that everything in life is temporary.
E.In other words,don’t wait for a reason to be positive.
F.Being positive in negative situations doesn’t mean being naive.
G.But only when you truly appreciate them can you make them extraordinary.
1.comfort oneself with...用……安慰自己
2.trial and suffering考验和痛苦
3.be determined to do...下定决心做……
4.make up one’s mind下定决心
5.take steps to do sth采取措施去做某事
6.scale up one’s approach to doing sth 增加某人做某事的方法
7.mark one’s closest brush with death标志着某人与死亡最接近的一次擦肩
8.enter sustained remission 进入持续缓解期
9.embrace the changes and stay calm 接受变化,保持从容
1.make the most of 充分利用
2.keep in touch with 和……保持联系
3.to the full 充分地;彻底地
4.stick to 坚持
5.search for 寻找
6.burst out laughing 突然笑起来
7.get through (设法)做完;渡过难关
8.be reluctant to 不愿意……
1.去年冬天被确诊重症肺炎时,我与死亡擦肩而过。(when引导时间状语从句)
2.恢复期间,我不得不用有声书安慰自己,并充分利用视频通话与同学们保持联系。(动词不定式作目的状语)
3.当我终于再次和朋友一起放声大笑时,我意识到:愈合不是抹去伤痕,而是在裂缝中寻找光。(not...but...句型)
　　学校英文报正在组织分享自己战胜困难的经历的活动,请你以“Overcoming My Darkest Hour”为题写一篇短文投稿。内容如下:
　　1.简要描述经历;
　　2.体验和感受。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
Overcoming My Darkest HourUnit 5　Into the unknown
题组训练　　　　　　　 　　　　　 　　　　　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Every day people join archaeologists and artists in finding some of the year’s most dramatic discoveries.Below are some examples.
“Naughty pupils”—ancient punishment method resurfaces
Archaeologists discovered 18,000 ink-carved pieces of pottery—known as “Ostraca”—at the site of Athribis,and among them were hundreds of fragments (碎片) with a single symbol repeated front and back.
Those scribbles (潦草的文字) are evidence of “naughty pupils” being made to write lines,according to researchers of Eberhard-Karls-Universitaet Tuebingen.The fragments also included receipts,school texts,trade information and lists of names.
Vincent Willem van Gogh peers out in hidden portrait
There is one more known Vincent Willem van Gogh’s self-portrait in the world,and it was hidden behind a painting of a peasant woman.People made the discovery when they took an X-ray of one of his portraits and discovered the artist’s own image behind layers of cardboard and glue.While X-rays often reveal how artists changed their compositions,the full self-portrait of Vincent Willem van Gogh came as a huge surprise,who was known to reuse canvases (画布) to save money.
Another treasure collection from Sanxingdui
The Sanxingdui archaeological site has produced thousands of relics.The discovery,reported by Chinese state media in June 2022,includes 3,155 objects,a turtle shell-shaped box and a sacrificial altar among them.A team has been digging six places of the site,turning up more than 13,000 objects so far.In 2021,the relics they uncovered included a golden mask,ivory artifacts and a jade knife.The Sanxingdui culture still remains mysterious,as it left behind no written records or human remains,though many believe it to be part of the ancient kingdom of Shu,which ruled along the upper stream of the Yangtze River until it was conquered.
【语篇导读】 本文是应用文。文章介绍了三个考古发现。
(　　)1.What led to the researchers’ conclusion about the fragments
A.The repeated symbol.
B.Trade information.
C. Lists of pupils’ names.
D.The mark of ink.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据“Naughty pupils”—ancient punishment method resurfaces部分中的“among them were...front and back”以及“Those scribbles (潦草的文字)...Tuebingen.”可知,研究人员是根据这些碎片上重复的符号得出结论的,证明这些碎片的内容是调皮的学生所写。故选A。
(　　)2.Why did Vincent Willem van Gogh hide his self-portrait in a painting
A.To keep away from X-rays.
B.To save money.
C. To make his works more mysterious.
D.To help people find his composition.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据Vincent Willem van Gogh peers out in hidden portrait部分中的最后一句可知,梵高是为了省钱才将自画像隐藏在一幅画中。故选B。
(　　)3.Which is the unearthed relic of 2022 in Sanxingdui
A.A jade knife.
B.A golden mask.
C. A written record.
D.A turtle shell-shaped box.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据Another treasure collection from Sanxingdui部分中的第二句可知,2022年三星堆遗址出土的器物包括一个龟壳形状的盒子。故选D。
B
(2025·上海松江二模)
Beneath its icy surface,the Antarctic Ocean—a vast and remote wilderness—houses a hidden world of microscopic life,including clouds of krill (磷虾).These tiny creatures,just a few inches long,are among the most plentiful and important animals on Earth.
Rod Downie,chief polar adviser at WWF-UK,describes Antarctic krill as the “superheroes of the Southern Ocean”.They serve as a critical food source for marine wildlife,including whales,penguins,seals,and seabirds.They feed on microscopic plants in sea ice,which absorb CO2,and are in turn eaten by whales.When whales release waste,it fertilises marine plants that help cool the planet.However,the unsustainable fishing of krill could disturb this cycle.
Downie says,“We urgently need to protect krill habitats within a network of marine protected areas.This project could give us a new tool to help monitor and safeguard this vital species.”
But monitoring these organisms presents a grand challenge for scientists.Traditional methods,such as ship-based surveys and sampling,are time-consuming,expensive,and geographically limited.Scientists are using slight differences in seawater colour to count Antarctic krill from space.Dr Cait McCarry,a researcher from the University of Strathclyde,has returned from Antarctica,where she conducted experiments to measure this effect.She explained,“We start with seawater,then add a krill and measure how much light the water absorbs.Then we add another krill and take another measurement.” This process helps scientists understand how krill concentration affects ocean colour,enabling them to track krill populations from space.
The technology isn’t without its limitations.Factors such as cloud cover,sea ice,and variations in water clarity can affect the accuracy of satellite measurements.Furthermore,while satellite data provides information about the overall biomass,it doesn’t provide detailed information on the species composition or the health of individual organisms.And in such cases,field studies,with their unique capacity for on-the-ground investigation,are ready to assume an essential role for a more comprehensive understanding.
From the seemingly insignificant variations in seawater colour to the complex interplay of life within the Antarctic food web,scientists continue to reveal the complicated workings of this vital ecosystem.Their dedication and the innovative tools they employ offer hope for a future where we can better understand and protect the wonders of our planet.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了南极磷虾在南大洋生态系统中扮演着重要角色,是众多海洋生物的关键食物来源,且在调节地球温度方面有重要作用。
(　　)4.Why are krill described as “superheroes of the Southern Ocean”
A.Because they provide an essential monitoring method.
B.Because their vast species dominate the Antarctic Ocean.
C. Because they regulate the temperature of Earth in a certain way.
D.Because their movements indicate ocean temperatures precisely.
【答案】 C　
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They serve as a critical food source...that help cool the planet.”可知,磷虾被称为 “南大洋超级英雄” 是因为它们以某种方式调节了地球的温度。故选 C。
(　　)5.What can be concluded according to the passage
A.Light absorption changes with krill concentration.
B.Krill’s waste helps plants absorb CO2 more efficiently.
C. The species of deep-sea plants are enriched due to krill.
D.Krill are mainly threatened by natural hunters like whales.
【答案】 A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的 “She explained...krill populations from space.”可推知,光的吸收随着磷虾浓度的变化而变化。故选 A。
(　　)6.What can be inferred from the passage
A.Oceanic research centres around marine life’s complex interactions.
B.Though minor now,water colour changes promise future discoveries.
C. Given overfishing,greater emphasis should be laid on the composition of krill species.
D.A full understanding of krill requires integration of satellite monitoring and field studies.
【答案】 D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Scientists are using slight...Antarctic krill from space.”以及第五段中的“Factors such as cloud cover...a more comprehensive understanding.”可推知,要全面了解磷虾,需要将卫星监测和实地研究相结合。故选D。
(　　)7.What is the passage mainly about
A.The urgency and challenges of studying krill.
B.The development of new methods to study krill.
C. The role of krill in the ecosystem and efforts to monitor them.
D.The impact of human activities on krill and ways to counter it.
【答案】 C
【解析】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章前两段介绍了磷虾在南极海洋生态系统中作为重要食物来源,以及它们在调节地球温度方面的作用;后面几段讲述了科学家面临监测磷虾的挑战,采用了利用海水颜色从太空监测磷虾的新技术,同时也指出了该技术的局限性,以及实地研究的重要性。C项最能够概括文章的大意。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·河北保定调研)
How to Find Your Way Without a Compass
We all know a compass points north,at least to magnetic north,which is close enough to true north to help you get where you want to go.1.　　　.
Know that the sun rises in the east.Figure out where the sun is rising and the opposite is west.If the sun is rising to your right then straight ahead is north.2.　　　.The same rules apply as the sun sets in the west.
Know that Polaris (北极星) is in the north.If it’s not cloudy,then you’ll find it at the tail end of Ursa Minor (小熊座).3.　 　　,so you can wake up in the morning and remember the direction.
4.　　　.Then put a small stone at the end of its shadow.Wait 30—60 minutes and put another stone at the end of the shadow.Now draw a line through the two stones.You now have an east/west line.Look at which side the shadow is pointing over that line.It will be pointing in a northerly direction given the sun favours the south side of the sky.
Look for moss (苔藓) on certain trees.5.　　　.Look for a separate tree that is exposed to the sun.Moss likes shade,and the northern side of a tree is typically in shade most of the day.But if the tree is deep in a forest,it will be a far less reliable source to base direction on.
A.Know that cloudy weather may help
B.Use sticks to make an arrow on the ground
C.Stand a straight pole (over 1 metre tall) upright on level ground
D.This technique can work if you find the right target
E.You’ll find your way back when you arrive at that landmark
F.You should be able to make certain of south and west from there
G.But if you don’t have one,there are other ways to make sure you stay on course
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了在没有指南针的情况下,如何利用太阳、北极星、木棍、苔藓等大自然中的元素来辨别方向。
1.【答案】 G
【解析】 上文介绍的是指南针的作用,下文介绍的是在没有指南针时如何辨别方向,G项可承上启下,符合语境。故选G。
2.【答案】 F
【解析】 空前句是说如果太阳从你的右侧方向升起,那么你的正前方就是北方。F项可承接上文,符合语境。故选F。
3.【答案】 B
【解析】 根据段首句可知,本段介绍的是如何根据北极星来辨别方向。空前说可以根据小熊座找到北极星,而空后提到早上醒来时仍然能记得方向,也就是说明之前做过标记,B项符合语境。故选B。
4.【答案】 C
【解析】 此空位于段首,是该段的主题句。本段后面的内容讲的是利用木棒成影法来辨别方向,即在平地上竖一根直棍(1米以上),在木棍影子的顶端放一块石头,木棍的影子会随着太阳的移动而移动。30—60分钟后,在木棍的影子顶端放另一块石头,然后在两个石头之间划一条直线,以此来辨别方向。C项符合语境。故选C。
5.【答案】 D
【解析】 根据段首句可知,本段讲的是如何利用树上的苔藓来辨别方向。空处后两句讲了具体的做法,但随后又说,如果树在森林深处,就不适合作为判断依据了,因此空处应是说明这个方法只有找对了树才有效。D项符合语境。故选D。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·山东德州一模)
Archaeologists have unearthed the smallest known cat fossil (化石) at the Hualongdong site in eastern China.It has been identified as 1.　　 　　extinct species of leopard cat named Prionailurus kurteni,which was so small that it could 2.　　　　 (comfortable) fit in a hand.It was comparable 3.　　　　 size to the two smallest existing feline (猫科) species—the rusty-spotted cat and the black-footed cat.
The 4.　　　　 (origin) biology research supported the belief of a common ancestor for the leopard cat,the domestic cat and Pallas’s cat.However,no fossil evidence had been identified before the 5.　　　　(discover).Forest habitats 6.　　　　 leopard cats live are not ideally suited to bone preservation.
Finding the fossil of an inclined first molar (臼齿) means 7.　　　　(have) evidence from its jawbone and teeth that supports the idea of a common ancestor for all three cat species.
Chinese scientists have discovered dozens of primitive human fossils at the site dating back 300,000 years.These fossils 8.　　　　(find) so far are the earliest ones in East Asia,which are part of the evolutionary process of modern humans.They first 9.　　　　(appear) in Africa some 315,000 years ago,but it wasn’t until around 45,000 years ago 10.　　 　　 they emerged in eastern Asia.The animal fossils help cast light on the environment,diet and potential threats faced by primitive humans.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了考古学家在中国东部发现了一种已经灭绝的豹猫的化石,同时介绍了这种动物的一些习性和化石发现所带来的影响。
1.【答案】 an
【解析】 考查冠词。此处species为泛指,且extinct以元音音素开头,应用不定冠词an。故
填an。
2.【答案】 comfortably
【解析】 考查副词。此处修饰动词fit,应用副词作状语。故填comfortably。
3.【答案】 in
【解析】 考查介词。in size是固定搭配,意为“在体型上”,符合句意。故填in。
4.【答案】 original
【解析】 考查形容词。此处修饰名词短语biology research,应用形容词作定语。故填original。
5.【答案】 discovery
【解析】 考查名词。此处作介词before的宾语,应用名词。故填discovery。
6.【答案】 where
【解析】 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处为定语从句。先行词为habitats,指物,关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where。故填where。
7.【答案】 having
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。mean doing sth是固定搭配,意为“意味着做某事”,符合语境。故填having。
8.【答案】 found
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处为非谓语动词,find与fossils之间是被动关系,应用过去分词形式作定语。故填found。
9.【答案】 appeared
【解析】 考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知,此处为谓语动词,根据时间状语some 315,000 years ago可知,时态应用一般过去时。故填appeared。
10.【答案】 that
【解析】 考查连词。分析句子可知,此处为强调句型,it is/was not until...that...意为“直到……才”。故填that。Unit 6　Space and beyond
题组训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·福建福州5月多校联考)
Reach for the Stars
Astronomy is a subject that integrates various fields, from physics and mathematics to chemistry and biology. By studying the universe, students gain a comprehensive view of science and see how different fields interconnect. This promotes a deeper understanding of the world around them.
That’s where Space Science Learning Club (SSLC) steps in. SSLC is an after-school astronomy club for school students. At SSLC, we are passionate about inspiring the next generation of space explorers. Our goal is to help children unlock their potential with astronomy and space science, no matter their age or background.
Led by Learning Coach Vinod Kumar,our sessions are tailored to each student’s individual needs, providing them with the knowledge and skills to awaken their e and join us on a journey to the stars.
Programme Schedule:
Week 1 Naked Eye: Astronomy Night Sky Watch
Week 2 Ancient Astronomy: Tools of Ancient Astronomers
Week 3 Hands-on Astronomy: Create Observation Tools by Yourself!
Week 4 Introduction to Stars: Make Your Own Star Chart
Week 5 Introduction to Digital Astronomy
Each class will be for a period of 3 hours after school hours. 1 class every week.
Classes are 60% application and 40% theory.
Classes focus on both activity-based and play-driven learning.
Programme Highlights:
On-site interaction with astronomers
FREE access to web-based learning
10+hours of classroom training
On-call coaching assistance for assignments
Worksheets for every class
One star observing session through telescope
For more information, please call us at 9360841234.
(　　)1.What can we learn about the Space Science Learning Club (SSLC)
A.It is a club only for students with a background in astronomy.
B.Its sessions are designed to meet the general needs of all students.
C. It aims to inspire the next generation of space explorers.
D.It is led by a trainer who has no connection with NASA.
(　　)2.In which week can students DIY their star maps
A.Week 2. B.Week 3.
C. Week 5. D.Week 4.
(　　)3.What is NOT included in the Programme Highlights
A.On-site interaction with astronomers.
B.Unlimited access to web-based learning.
C. Worksheets for every class.
D.One star observing session through telescope.
B
(2025·江苏泰州海陵区泰州中学高三调研)
Animals hibernate (冬眠) to conserve energy during cold weather or when food becomes scarce, slowing their heart rates and dropping their body temperatures to as low as 5℃. This is only survivable if their blood continues to flow efficiently and supply oxygen to the body.
We already know that red blood cells change shape to fit different pressures and blood vessel sizes. To investigate if something like this happens in the cells of hibernating animals to keep blood flowing, Gerald Kerth at the University of Greifswald in Germany and his colleagues turned to bats. They analysed hundreds of thousands of red blood cells from common noctule bats, which hibernate and Egyptian fruit bats, which don’t, along with cells from people.
The researchers found that for all three species, red blood cells became less flexible and stickier as temperatures dropped from 37℃ to 23℃. But when they cooled the cells even further to 10℃, the bat cells continued this metamorphosis, whereas the human cells did not.
Indeed, the bat cells—even those of non-hibernating bats, which probably maintained the evolutionary capacity—continued to become thick, stiff and functional even at very low temperatures. This might be slowing down the cells as they pass through the tiny vessels in the muscles and lungs, making them highly efficient at exchanging gases, like oxygen, throughout the body.
“It is like how when you take your time at the supermarket instead of being rushed, you can really fill up your basket,” says Kerth. Exactly how this structural change happens is still unclear, but the team guesses that the mechanical properties of the bat red blood cell membranes (细胞膜) play a key role.
The findings suggest that drugs could one day include human red blood cell membranes to imitate the way bat membranes react to the cold, says Kerth. In the more distant future, hibernation could also allow for efficient long-distance space travel, requiring minimal food and other resources while preserving mental health during the journey. “There are benefits of putting humans at low temperature during space flight,” says Kerth.
(　　)4.What did Gerald Kerth’s study focus on
A.Blood flow.
B.Blood vessel sizes.
C. Red blood cells.
D.Different pressures.
(　　)5.What does the underlined word “metamorphosis” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A.Change. B.Growth.
C. Damage. D.Movement.
(　　)6.Why does Kerth mention shopping at a supermarket
A.To prove the evolutionary capacity of bats.
B.To show the role of red blood cell membranes.
C. To indicate how the structural change happens.
D.To illustrate the efficiency of exchanging gases.
(　　)7.How will hibernation help long-distance space travel
A.By offering astronauts resources.
B.By speeding up astronauts’ travel.
C. By reducing resource consumption.
D.By maintaining astronauts’ overall health.
C
(2025·江苏高三模拟)
Why should mankind explore space Why should money,time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth These are questions that,understandably,are very often asked.
Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup as human beings.What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains or into all possible areas and environments The wider the spread of a species is,the better its chance of survival will be.Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.
Nearly every successful civilisation has explored,because by doing so,any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for.Without knowledge,we may be completely destroyed by the dangers.With knowledge,we can lessen the effects.
Exploration also allows minerals and other potential resources to be found.Even if we have no immediate need of them,they will perhaps be useful later.Resources may be more than physical possessions.Knowledge and techniques have been acquired through exploration.The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length and quality of our lives.We have already benefited from some spin-offs of space exploration.The technical improvements in earthquake prediction,in satellites for weather forecasting and in communication systems have long been in effect.
While many resources are spent on what seems a small return,the exploration of space allows creative,brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us.While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works,it also holds dangers.The dangers exist,but knowledge can help human beings to survive.
Without the ability to reach out across space,the chance to save ourselves might not exist.
(　　)8.What might be the key answer to the questions mentioned in Paragraph 1
A.Human nature.
B.Knowledge.
C. Civilisation.
D.Potential dangers.
(　　)9.What does the underlined word “spin-offs” in Paragraph 4 mean
A.Applications.
B.Shortcomings.
C. Advantages.
D.Derivatives.
(　　)10.In which situation may this text be applied properly
A.A private conversation.
B.A class presentation.
C. A cartoon picture.
D.A fashion review.
(　　)11.Which can be a suitable title for the text
A.How Knowledge Benefits Us
B.What Humans Spread
C. Why to Explore Space
D.How Humans Save Ourselves
Ⅱ.完形填空
Rockets were probably invented by accident.The Chinese had a form of gunpowder which was put in bamboo tubes and thrown into fires to make 　1　 during festivals.Perhaps some of the tubes jumped out of the fire instead of exploding in it,the Chinese 　2　 that the gunpowder escaping from the tube could lift it into the air.The idea of the rocket was 　3　.
The first 　4　 use of rockets was in 1232.The Song Dynasty was at war with the Mongols.During the 　5　 of Kaifeng,the Song army 　6　 “arrows of flying fire”.The tubes were 　7　 to a long stick which helped keep the rocket moving in a straight direction.
　8　 the Mongols learnt how to make rockets themselves and it is possible that they
　9　 them to Europe.Between the 13th and 15th centuries there were many rocket 　10　 in England,France and Italy.They were used for military purposes.One Italian scientist even invented a rocket which could travel over the surface of water and hit a(n) 　11　 ship.
Not everybody wanted to use rockets in battles.A famous Chinese government official invented a　12　 chair.He attached two big kites to the chair,and 47 rockets to the kites.The rockets were lit,and there was a huge explosion and 　13　 of thick smoke.When the smoke
　14　,the government official and his chair had disappeared.No one knows what happened.Did the government official die in the explosion Or was he carried kilometres away into space,becoming the world’s first 　15　
(　　)1.A.cuisines B.decorations
C. explosions D.differences
(　　)2.A.thought B.discovered
C. understood D.decided
(　　)3.A.born B.burst
C. found D.improved
(　　)4.A.political B.official
C. military D.scientific
(　　)5.A.occupation B.attack
C. search D.battle
(　　)6.A.lifted B.shot
C. exploded D.flied
(　　)7.A.attached B.shaken
C. wrapped D.blown
(　　)8.A.Finally B.Suddenly
C. Soon D.Thus
(　　)9.A.delivered B.threw
C. passed D.introduced
(　　)10.A.transformations B.performances
C. experiments D.exhibitions
(　　)11.A.business B.official
C. transportation D.enemy
(　　)12.A.flying B.diving
C. surfing D.blowing
(　　)13.A.packs B.clouds
C. masses D.bunches
(　　)14.A.faded B.completed
C. cleared D.reflected
(　　)15.A.scientist B.researcher
C. astronaut D.managerUnit 4　Everyday economics
题组训练　　　　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·福建龙岩五月检测)
　　The modern shopping experience has become a battleground, and consumers find themselves avoiding subscription offers at every turn. Want a cup of coffee Prepare yourself for the coffee bar’s pitch (推销) on the benefits of a monthly subscription. Need a software tool for one specific assignment Good luck finding a one-time purchase option among the rapid fire of subscription plans.
The subscription economy is reshaping the way we engage with everything from entertainment to fitness and beyond. The entire concept of a subscription is built on convenience. With time being precious, subscriptions offer a trouble-free approach to accessing all kinds of products and services.
Whether it’s streaming platforms or weekly grocery deliveries, subscriptions help people avoid individual and repetitive purchases. “Hand over your credit card details and let us take care of the rest,” these companies assure us. As our lifestyles become increasingly fast-paced, this is an attractive choice, particularly for young adults.
However, all that convenience comes with a dark side. These subscriptions are sold based on the premise (前提) that they will make our lives easier. While that might be true, they are also quietly emptying our wallets. The issue isn’t with the concept of subscriptions. If you’re paying a monthly fee for public transportation, you’re probably getting your money’s worth. The problem lies in the pervasive (无处不在的) nature of these offers.
People often regret making the decision to subscribe.That’s because we often sign up for things and then forget about them.
This is not a call to give up subscriptions altogether; they can provide genuine value and convenience. As consumers, we need to be aware of—and actively participate in—our financial decisions. In a world filled with subscriptions, we need to understand that not every purchase has to carry the weight of a monthly commitment.
【语篇导读】本文是议论文。文章主要讨论了现代购物中消费者面临的订阅服务过多的问题,分析了订阅经济的利弊,并给出了消费者应如何应对的建议。
(　　)1.What problem do consumers face in modern shopping
A.Frequent subscription offers.
B.Free samples everywhere.
C. One-time purchase limits.
D. High-price product pitches.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知,消费者在现代购物中面临的问题是频繁的订阅服务。故选A。
(　　)2.What is the core idea of a subscription
A.Affordability.
B.Availability.
C. Time savings.
D.Convenience.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The entire concept of a subscription is built on convenience.”可知,订阅的核心理念是方便。故选D。
(　　)3.What can subscription-based consumption lead to
A.Poor memory.
B.Unconscious over-spending.
C. Purchase addiction.
D.Unwise monthly commitments.
【答案】 B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“However, all that ...emptying our wallets.”以及第五段内容可知,基于订阅的消费会导致无意识的过度消费。故选B。
(　　)4.What does the author imply in the last paragraph
A.Sales promotion is misleading the consumers.
B.Monthly commitments guide financial decisions.
C. Consumers should selectively adopt subscriptions.
D.Consumers tend to overlook subscription details.
【答案】 C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,作者在最后一段暗示消费者应该有选择性地采用订阅服务。故选C。
B
Traditionally,profiting from forests often meant capitalising on timber (木材) —choosing commercial timber.Yet increasingly,there is an understanding that it’s of greater significance to keep trees standing than to cut them down for financial profits.Money is not everything.We have to recognise that real and lasting value is from natural resources.But money is a fact of life.
Good news is that we can expect entire natural woodland is left undamaged and still provides a revenue (收益) stream.Leaving woodland complete does not necessarily mean that we do not touch it at all.Conservation work may involve building back biodiversity or the removal of foreign plant species.
A healthy woodland system can provide a range of yields (产物).Besides eatable yields—top fruit,berries,and food crops,it produces substances for chemical use.The non-timber forest products provided by natural ecosystems will vary significantly depending on where they are.But there are almost always ways to explore to acquire revenue.
A project in the U.K.shows woodland is also a draw for visitors.It engages a community that creates a sustainable area of woodland.The sale of handmade wooden items and non-timber forest products is involved.But the community largely obtains revenue by opening up parts of the natural woodland to the public with an adventure playground and outdoor recreational activities on the site.It also offers courses on nest building,special wildlife events and more.The project is thought to have great uniqueness.In terms of revenue,it centres round the existing natural land; the yields woodland can provide are side products.
Recreational activities,tours,and classes are just the commencement.A rich and biodiverse woodland can be an ecosystem that draws in people looking for a beautiful place to stay.Woodland has great value in ecological and social terms.And when you nurse it,it could also add to the income from your land.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了如何在保持森林完整的前提下开发林地资源,从中获利。
(　　)5.What does the author say about forest conservation
A. It is difficult to carry out.
B.It outweighs financial development.
C. It is getting growing attention.
D.It centres on building back biodiversity.
【答案】 C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Yet increasingly,there is an understanding...down for financial profits.”可知,人们认识到,保护树木比为了经济利益而砍伐树木更重要。由此可推知,森林保护越来越受关注。故选C。
(　　)6.Why is the project considered unique
A. Because it aims to promote ecotourism.
B.Because it focuses on protecting natural land.
C. Because it provides educational experiences.
D.Because it makes woodland itself the main product.
【答案】 D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据题干中的“the project”可将解题信息定位至倒数第二段。根据该段中对这一项目的介绍以及最后两句可知,该项目主要通过现有的自然土地即森林来获取收益,林地提供的产物是次要产品。由此可推知,该项目的特别之处在于(不同于通过森林的产物获益)它把森林本身变为主要的盈利产品。故选D。
(　　)7.What does the underlined word “commencement” mean in the last paragraph
A. Beginning. B.Wish.
C. Example. D.Intention.
【答案】 A
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据画线词前的“just”和画线词后的“A rich and...beautiful place to stay.”可知,丰富多样的林地可以成为一个生态系统,吸引想要待在一个美丽的地方的人,这比森林所能提供的娱乐性活动等更加重要,是更进一步的目标。由此可知,画线词所在句表示娱乐活动、旅游和课程只是开始,因此画线词与A项意思相近。故选A。
(　　)8.Which is a suitable title for the text
A. A Project Makes the Best of Natural Resources
B.Woodland Brings Profits While Staying Complete
C. Forest Conservation Has Been a Top Priority
D.Non-timber Products Help Gain More Revenue
【答案】 B
【解析】 标题归纳题。文章首段提到保护森林和从森林中获益常常是难以两全的,第二段进行转折引出可以在保持森林完整不受破坏的情况下从中获益,第三、四段介绍了两种途径,最后一段是对主题的升华。由此可知,本文主要介绍的是如何在保持森林完整不受破坏的情况下从中获益,因此B项最适合作文章标题。故选B。
Ⅱ.读后续写(亲情、友情篇)
　　阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2025·广东云浮模拟)
　　“You will never walk again. You will have to use a wheelchair.” Unprepared for the doctor’s cruel diagnosis, I heard his words fall heavily on my ears. If I had never felt hopeless before, I felt hopeless then.
A catastrophic car accident had left me unconscious and in critical condition. I awakened to find both legs swathed in casts (被打上石膏). While I had other serious injuries, my legs were my prime concern. I couldn’t imagine being disabled for the whole life and being confined to a wheelchair the rest of my life didn’t fit into my plans.
Lying in my bed motionless, I wondered how I could give Jason, my ten-year-old son, hope that Mum would heal. He’d been cheerful on every visit, chattering about our previous countless park football games and expecting I could return to the game with him soon. However, I saw the fear in his eyes. The reality of having a disabled mother and the implications of that were weighing heavily on his little shoulders. I knew he needed the ray of hope that I would not be in a wheelchair forever. Just maybe, I thought, I could use this experience to teach what to do when adversity strikes. So I kept assuring him I would rise again. His eyes sparkled with trust in me. Then my health training began.
At first, I taught myself to move from the bed to the wheelchair. I just made tiny movements for weeks, while getting out of the chair and back into bed proved to be more difficult. After several weeks of these ever so difficult efforts, it seemed that I couldn’t make any progress. So it didn’t take me long to become impatient with the torturous health training. I began to feel on the edge of despair and Jason seemed to sense my depression.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
　　One visit, Jason brought the football we used to play with.
Paragraph 2:
　　With my son’s unwavering support, I made steady progress.
[情节构建]
情节线 情感线
Who Jason and I 痛苦 绝望 希望 感激
When During the health training because of a catastrophic car accident
Where At the hospital
What After a catastrophic car accident, I became impatient with the torturous health training and Jason seemed to sense my depression.
Conflict & Clue Conflict:I couldn’t imagine being disabled for the whole life. After a period of health training, I made little progress, so I began to feel on the edge of despair. Clue:①Being confined to a wheelchair the rest of my life didn’t fit into my plans. ②Jason seemed to sense my depression.
Theme The miracle of love
Para.1 One visit, Jason brought the football we used to play with. Q1:What did Jason say and do to encourage me Q2:How did I respond to Jason’s encouragement Q3: What happened after I was encouraged by Jason
Para.2 With my son’s unwavering support, I made steady progress. Q1:What did I do to make more progress Q2:How did Jason accompany me during my recovery Q3:How did I feel about Jason’s help and company
　　One possible version:
　　One visit, Jason brought the football we used to play with. He held it up in front of me and said, “Mum, do you remember how we used to have so much fun playing football I know you’ll be able to play again.” His words touched my heart. I reached out and took the football, feeling its familiar texture. Then,with great effort, I managed to toss it gently back to him. He caught it with a big smile and urged me to try more. That small interaction gave me newfound determination. I realised that I wasn’t just fighting for myself but also for the precious moments with my son.
　　With my son’s unwavering support, I made steady progress. I practised harder, gradually increasing the range of my movements. Each small achievement was a victory. Jason was always by my side, cheering me on. He would offer his little hand to help me balance or simply give me an encouraging hug. As days passed, I could move more freely and even took a few steps unaided. The look of pride and joy on Jason’s face was priceless. Thanks to his love and belief in me, I not only regained my physical ability but also learnt the power of hope and perseverance in the face of adversity.
点津:为现在分词短语作状语;
为that引导的宾语从句;
为现在分词短语作状语;
为现在分词短语作状语;
为as引导的时间状语从句;
为not only...but also...句型。Unit 3　The world meets China
以读促写　　　　　　　 　　　　　 　　　　　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Los Angeles native Randall Bartlett sat under the rooftop of a traditional Chinese scholar’s studio,occasionally turning a page of his book.The scene was in the reopened Liu Fang Yuan garden at the Huntington Library,Art Collections and Botanical Gardens.For him,the garden brings the Chinese philosophies he learnt from books to life.
Phillip E.Bloom,director of the Centre for East Asian Garden Studies,said the idea for Liu Fang Yuan goes back to the 1980s with the initial aim of creating a collection of Chinese plants,but after research,they realised plants alone were not sufficient to demonstrate the essence of a Chinese garden.Eventually,it was decided to model a garden on the 16th and 17th centuries scholarly retreats (隐居处) in Suzhou.
The decision was made not only partly due to the fame of Suzhou classical gardens,but also because similarities were found between the Huntington and Suzhou gardens.Bloom said that Henry Huntington,founder of the Huntington Library,was a successful US businessman who used his fortune to collect rare books and artworks and to create gardens.“Many Suzhou gardens were also created by people who tried to pursue a scholarly lifestyle,” he added.
To preserve the character of the Suzhou gardens,the Huntington Library sought help from Suzhou,giving rise to collaboration between the US and Chinese architects,contractors and designers.In all stages of construction,artisans (工匠) from Suzhou came to work on details of the venue.
After three years of expansion from 2018 to 2020,Liu Fang Yuan reopened to the public with 4.6 hectares of new landscape,making it one of the largest classical-style Chinese gardens in the world.The additions include courtyards displaying penjing,a scholar’s studio,a pavilion (亭子) situated at the garden’s highest point,etc.
Now,it is meaningful to see how people from local communities interact with the garden.“A lot of volunteers come to different lectures and exhibitions about Chinese culture that we hold regularly,” Bloom said.By exposing its visitors to arts and literature,Liu Fang Yuan goes beyond international boundaries and bridges the cultural gaps between the two countries.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了美国的流芳园以中国的苏州园林为模板,在扩建后重新开放。
(　　)1.What do we know about Liu Fang Yuan
A.It used to be a scholarly retreat in Suzhou.
B.It was constructed by Suzhou artisans alone.
C. It became the largest garden after being expanded.
D.It promotes cultural exchanges between America and China.
【答案】 D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句、第二段内容以及最后一段中的“By exposing its...between the two countries.”可知,流芳园的创意来自苏州园林的建筑艺术,同时,流芳园在促进中美文化交流方面起着重要的作用。故选D。
(　　)2.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A.The introduction to the founder.
B.The fame of Suzhou classical gardens.
C. The reasons for modelling a Suzhou garden.
D.The features of a scholarly lifestyle.
【答案】 C
【解析】 段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知,因为亨廷顿图书馆和苏州园林有相似之处,同时还因为苏州古典园林的名气,所以流芳园以苏州园林为模板进行设计,建成了苏州园林样式的花园。因而本段主要讲述流芳园以苏州园林为模板进行设计的原因。故选C。
(　　)3.What does the underlined word “collaboration” in Paragraph 4 mean
A.Negotiation. B.Cooperation.
C. Inspiration. D.Contradiction.
【答案】 B
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据第四段内容可知,在建设这个园林期间,来自苏州的工匠会到场地参与细节问题,这说明中美建筑师、承包商和设计师在这个过程中进行了合作,因而画线词意为“合作”。故选B。
(　　)4.Why did Bloom mention local people’s interactions with the garden
A.To show its cultural significance.
B.To detail its architectural features.
C. To promote its diverse activities.
D.To boost its international fame.
【答案】 A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Now,it is...interact with the garden.”以及“By exposing its...the two countries.”可知,Bloom通过提及当地人与流芳园之间的交流与互动,充分说明流芳园在中美文化交流方面起着重要的作用。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·湖南师大附中模拟)
I got afraid when I was going to join Thompson Rivers University (TRU) here in Canada.The fact was that I was far away from my country with a totally new culture and new people and I became nervous because I had no experience of getting adjusted to a whole new place,language and culture.1.　　　 Speaking English fluently and maintaining my confidence when chatting with each person here posed another challenge for me.
Before I landed in Canada,I knew I would face a lot of problems.2.　　　 It happened especially when it came to figuring out how to fix it or make the necessary adjustments here.I wasn’t able to communicate with people so easily because I wasn’t familiar with the accent here in Canada.3.　　　 That directly contributed to my hesitation in talking with people around me.Besides,the fear of making mistakes was killing my desire to give it another try.
To break through these difficulties,I realised that I had to actively engage with the local environment and the diverse community around me.When I first came to TRU,I met with national and international students and talked to them about our culture,like how our interactions happened,the way we communicated,and the traditions we were keeping.I started to observe people,including how they talked,their expressions,intonation,stress,vocabulary,and the way they used phrases in conversations.I also started to talk with my friends in English.4.　　　 I made an increasing effort to gradually adapt to and feel at ease with the new language,culture,and traditions.
5.　　　 Nothing is impossible to achieve.All you need to do to achieve a goal is hard work,practice and not feeling shy when you’re making a mistake.I am learning a lot by making lots of mistakes.Now mistakes don’t bother me anymore.
A.This was a big challenge for me.
B.However,I was still at a loss sometimes.
C.From all this I have learnt a vital lesson.
D.But things still went beyond my expectation.
E.Canadians use different intonation and stress.
F.I realised that I should get accustomed to it with all my might.
G.Those long conversations were building my confidence level.
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者初到加拿大上大学时,面对全新的文化、语言和人群感到不适应与恐惧,但其通过积极融入当地环境和多元文化,逐渐增强了自信,最终克服了困难的故事。
1.【答案】 A
【解析】 根据设空处之前的一句可知,此处表示作者来到了一个全新的环境,这对作者来说是一个很大的挑战。设空处之后的一句中的“another challenge”也是提示。A项符合语境。故
选A。
2.【答案】 B
【解析】 根据设空处之前的一句可知,作者知道会遇到很多问题,根据设空处之后的一句可知,当涉及如何解决问题或做出必要调整时,作者感到格外不知所措。B项承上启下,符合语境。故选B。
3.【答案】 E
【解析】 根据设空处之前的一句可知,作者不熟悉加拿大的口音。根据设空处之后的一句可知,设空处应说明作者不熟悉加拿大的语调,这影响了作者与人交流。E项指出加拿大人用的是与作者不同的语调和重音,符合语境。故选E。
4.【答案】 G
【解析】 根据设空处之前的一句可知,作者开始用英语和朋友交流。根据设空处之后的一句可知,作者一直坚持这样做,逐渐适应了新的语言、文化和传统。G项符合语境。故选G。
5.【答案】 C
【解析】 根据设空处之后的两句可知,设空处应说明作者从自己的经历中学到了一个重要的一课,即只要努力、练习、不怕犯错,就能实现目标。C项很好地概括了设空处之后的内容,符合语境。故选C。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Located in south Anhui Province,the two traditional villages Xidi and Hongcun are architectural 1.　　　　 (complex),with a high historical and artistic value.They still retain (保留) the original features of Anhui villages between the 14th and 20th centuries.
Xidi village 2.　　　　 (compose) of more than 300 civil residences,most of which were built in the Ming and Qing dynasties.Backed by picturesque hills and towering ancient woods,this village is noted 3.　　　　 the harmony of its architecture and its colourful fields.The residential buildings are mostly black and white.The decorations display a strong flavour of the Ming and Qing dynasties.Potted plants,fishponds and flowerbeds give 4.　　　　 whole village a sense of harmony with nature.
Hongcun village features its overall design 5.　　　　 resembles the shape of an ox.The ancient Academy of the South Lake casts its shadow on the lake and 6.　　　　 (create) a quiet scene together with ancient trees and graceful buildings around it.
Xidi and Hongcun experienced 1,000 years of continuous 7.　　　　 (transform) and development,all the while authentically 8.　　　　 (preserve) their characters as traditional Chinese villages.The villages faithfully preserve elements that are typical of traditional pre-modern villages.9.　　　　 (additional),the sites preserve regional arts,customs,cuisines and other forms of cultural and traditional ways of life.Xidi and Hongcun are,without doubt,ideal sites for a contemporary society 10.　　　　 (research) traditional village culture.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了安徽省南部的两个传统村落——西递和宏村。
1.【答案】 complexes
【解析】 考查名词复数。分析句子可知,architectural为形容词,空处应用名词,complex作为“建筑群”讲时为可数名词,根据句中的are可知,应用复数形式。故填complexes。
2.【答案】 is composed
【解析】 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句意可知,句子陈述的是客观事实,且Xidi village和compose之间为被动关系,故应用一般现在时的被动语态。主语为第三人称单数,be动词应用is。故填is composed。
3.【答案】 for
【解析】 考查介词。分析句子可知,此处为固定短语“be noted for...”,意为“以……而闻名”。故填for。
4.【答案】 the
【解析】 考查冠词。分析句子可知,此处应用定冠词the,特指整个西递村。故填the。
5.【答案】 that/which
【解析】 考查定语从句。分析句子可知,空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词为design,指物,在从句中作主语,应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。
6.【答案】 creates
【解析】 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句意和and前的并列谓语动词casts可知,句子陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时;Academy of the South Lake为单个专有名词,空处应用第三人称单数形式。故填creates。
7.【答案】 transformation
【解析】 考查名词。分析句子可知,continuous为形容词,空处应用名词作宾语,与and后的名词development并列,transform的名词形式为transformation,意为“转变”,为不可数名词。故填transformation。
8.【答案】 preserving
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,句中有谓语动词experienced,空处应用非谓语动词,Xidi and Hongcun和preserve之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,应用现在分词形式。故填preserving。
9.【答案】 Additionally
【解析】 考查副词。分析句子可知,空处应用副词作状语修饰整个句子,且位于句首,首字母应大写。故填Additionally。
10.【答案】 to research
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,此处表目的,应用动词不定式。故填to research。
1.go back to 追溯到
2.be not sufficient to 不足以
3.due to the fame 由于名气
4.go beyond international boundaries 超越国际界限
5.communicate with... 与……交流
6.feel at ease with 对……感到自在
7.be located in 位于
8.be composed of 由……组成
1.prior to 先于……
2.vary from...to... 从……到……不等
3.on the whole 总的来说;大体上
4.think highly of 高度赞扬
5.strike a chord 引起共鸣
1.泰山位于山东省中部,是中国黄河流域古代文化的发祥地之一。(过去分词短语作状语)
Located in the middle of Shandong Province,Mount Tai is one of the birthplaces of the ancient culture along the Yellow River basin in China.
2.毛笔绘画富有韵律的动感创造出一种任何人都能感到自在的艺术形式,无论他们的技巧水平如何。(which引导的定语从句)
The rhythmic movement of brush painting creates an art form which anyone can feel at ease with,regardless of their skill level.
3.总体而言,当我们以开放姿态沟通时,中华文化能在全球引发共鸣。(when引导的时间状语
从句)
On the whole,when we communicate with openness,Chinese culture strikes a chord globally.
　　假设你是李华,你校正在举办以“中国文化走向世界”为主题的演讲比赛,请你写一篇演讲稿参赛。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
　　One possible version:
Dear judges and fellow students,
As a student who is thrilled by exploring Chinese culture,I’m honoured to share how it sets itself apart from others.Through digital platforms,we can offer followers dynamic insights into the beauty of Chinese civilisation—from calligraphy to tea ceremonies. By going beyond the boundaries of language and geography,we incorporate traditional values into global dialogues.Museums and vloggers now share these valuable resources with history enthusiasts worldwide, helping foreigners feel at ease with our culture.
On the whole, when we communicate with openness,Chinese culture strikes a chord globally.Let’s open new pathways for social and economic cooperation through cultural exchanges!Thank you.
点津:为who引导的定语从句;
为how引导的宾语从句;
为介词短语作方式状语;
为现在分词短语作状语;
为when引导的时间状语从句。Unit 3　The world meets China
以读促写
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Los Angeles native Randall Bartlett sat under the rooftop of a traditional Chinese scholar’s studio,occasionally turning a page of his book.The scene was in the reopened Liu Fang Yuan garden at the Huntington Library,Art Collections and Botanical Gardens.For him,the garden brings the Chinese philosophies he learnt from books to life.
Phillip E.Bloom,director of the Centre for East Asian Garden Studies,said the idea for Liu Fang Yuan goes back to the 1980s with the initial aim of creating a collection of Chinese plants,but after research,they realised plants alone were not sufficient to demonstrate the essence of a Chinese garden.Eventually,it was decided to model a garden on the 16th and 17th centuries scholarly retreats (隐居处) in Suzhou.
The decision was made not only partly due to the fame of Suzhou classical gardens,but also because similarities were found between the Huntington and Suzhou gardens.Bloom said that Henry Huntington,founder of the Huntington Library,was a successful US businessman who used his fortune to collect rare books and artworks and to create gardens.“Many Suzhou gardens were also created by people who tried to pursue a scholarly lifestyle,” he added.
To preserve the character of the Suzhou gardens,the Huntington Library sought help from Suzhou,giving rise to collaboration between the US and Chinese architects,contractors and designers.In all stages of construction,artisans (工匠) from Suzhou came to work on details of the venue.
After three years of expansion from 2018 to 2020,Liu Fang Yuan reopened to the public with 4.6 hectares of new landscape,making it one of the largest classical-style Chinese gardens in the world.The additions include courtyards displaying penjing,a scholar’s studio,a pavilion (亭子) situated at the garden’s highest point,etc.
Now,it is meaningful to see how people from local communities interact with the garden.“A lot of volunteers come to different lectures and exhibitions about Chinese culture that we hold regularly,” Bloom said.By exposing its visitors to arts and literature,Liu Fang Yuan goes beyond international boundaries and bridges the cultural gaps between the two countries.
(　　)1.What do we know about Liu Fang Yuan
A.It used to be a scholarly retreat in Suzhou.
B.It was constructed by Suzhou artisans alone.
C. It became the largest garden after being expanded.
D.It promotes cultural exchanges between America and China.
(　　)2.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A.The introduction to the founder.
B.The fame of Suzhou classical gardens.
C. The reasons for modelling a Suzhou garden.
D.The features of a scholarly lifestyle.
(　　)3.What does the underlined word “collaboration” in Paragraph 4 mean
A.Negotiation. B.Cooperation.
C. Inspiration. D.Contradiction.
(　　)4.Why did Bloom mention local people’s interactions with the garden
A.To show its cultural significance.
B.To detail its architectural features.
C. To promote its diverse activities.
D.To boost its international fame.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·湖南师大附中模拟)
I got afraid when I was going to join Thompson Rivers University (TRU) here in Canada.The fact was that I was far away from my country with a totally new culture and new people and I became nervous because I had no experience of getting adjusted to a whole new place,language and culture.1.　　　 Speaking English fluently and maintaining my confidence when chatting with each person here posed another challenge for me.
Before I landed in Canada,I knew I would face a lot of problems.2.　　　 It happened especially when it came to figuring out how to fix it or make the necessary adjustments here.I wasn’t able to communicate with people so easily because I wasn’t familiar with the accent here in Canada.3.　　　 That directly contributed to my hesitation in talking with people around me.Besides,the fear of making mistakes was killing my desire to give it another try.
To break through these difficulties,I realised that I had to actively engage with the local environment and the diverse community around me.When I first came to TRU,I met with national and international students and talked to them about our culture,like how our interactions happened,the way we communicated,and the traditions we were keeping.I started to observe people,including how they talked,their expressions,intonation,stress,vocabulary,and the way they used phrases in conversations.I also started to talk with my friends in English.4.　　　 I made an increasing effort to gradually adapt to and feel at ease with the new language,culture,and traditions.
5.　　　 Nothing is impossible to achieve.All you need to do to achieve a goal is hard work,practice and not feeling shy when you’re making a mistake.I am learning a lot by making lots of mistakes.Now mistakes don’t bother me anymore.
A.This was a big challenge for me.
B.However,I was still at a loss sometimes.
C.From all this I have learnt a vital lesson.
D.But things still went beyond my expectation.
E.Canadians use different intonation and stress.
F.I realised that I should get accustomed to it with all my might.
G.Those long conversations were building my confidence level.
Ⅲ.语法填空
Located in south Anhui Province,the two traditional villages Xidi and Hongcun are architectural 1.　　　　 (complex),with a high historical and artistic value.They still retain (保留) the original features of Anhui villages between the 14th and 20th centuries.
Xidi village 2.　　　　 (compose) of more than 300 civil residences,most of which were built in the Ming and Qing dynasties.Backed by picturesque hills and towering ancient woods,this village is noted 3.　　　　 the harmony of its architecture and its colourful fields.The residential buildings are mostly black and white.The decorations display a strong flavour of the Ming and Qing dynasties.Potted plants,fishponds and flowerbeds give 4.　　　　 whole village a sense of harmony with nature.
Hongcun village features its overall design 5.　　　　 resembles the shape of an ox.The ancient Academy of the South Lake casts its shadow on the lake and 6.　　　　 (create) a quiet scene together with ancient trees and graceful buildings around it.
Xidi and Hongcun experienced 1,000 years of continuous 7.　　　　 (transform) and development,all the while authentically 8.　　　　 (preserve) their characters as traditional Chinese villages.The villages faithfully preserve elements that are typical of traditional pre-modern villages.9.　　　　 (additional),the sites preserve regional arts,customs,cuisines and other forms of cultural and traditional ways of life.Xidi and Hongcun are,without doubt,ideal sites for a contemporary society 10.　　　　 (research) traditional village culture.
1.go back to 追溯到
2.be not sufficient to 不足以
3.due to the fame 由于名气
4.go beyond international boundaries 超越国际界限
5.communicate with... 与……交流
6.feel at ease with 对……感到自在
7.be located in 位于
8.be composed of 由……组成
1.prior to 先于……
2.vary from...to... 从……到……不等
3.on the whole 总的来说;大体上
4.think highly of 高度赞扬
5.strike a chord 引起共鸣
1.泰山位于山东省中部,是中国黄河流域古代文化的发祥地之一。(过去分词短语作状语)
2.毛笔绘画富有韵律的动感创造出一种任何人都能感到自在的艺术形式,无论他们的技巧水平如何。(which引导的定语从句)
3.总体而言,当我们以开放姿态沟通时,中华文化能在全球引发共鸣。(when引导的时间状语
从句)
　　假设你是李华,你校正在举办以“中国文化走向世界”为主题的演讲比赛,请你写一篇演讲稿参赛。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。Unit 6　Space and beyond
题组训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·福建福州5月多校联考)
Reach for the Stars
Astronomy is a subject that integrates various fields, from physics and mathematics to chemistry and biology. By studying the universe, students gain a comprehensive view of science and see how different fields interconnect. This promotes a deeper understanding of the world around them.
That’s where Space Science Learning Club (SSLC) steps in. SSLC is an after-school astronomy club for school students. At SSLC, we are passionate about inspiring the next generation of space explorers. Our goal is to help children unlock their potential with astronomy and space science, no matter their age or background.
Led by Learning Coach Vinod Kumar,our sessions are tailored to each student’s individual needs, providing them with the knowledge and skills to awaken their e and join us on a journey to the stars.
Programme Schedule:
Week 1 Naked Eye: Astronomy Night Sky Watch
Week 2 Ancient Astronomy: Tools of Ancient Astronomers
Week 3 Hands-on Astronomy: Create Observation Tools by Yourself!
Week 4 Introduction to Stars: Make Your Own Star Chart
Week 5 Introduction to Digital Astronomy
Each class will be for a period of 3 hours after school hours. 1 class every week.
Classes are 60% application and 40% theory.
Classes focus on both activity-based and play-driven learning.
Programme Highlights:
On-site interaction with astronomers
FREE access to web-based learning
10+hours of classroom training
On-call coaching assistance for assignments
Worksheets for every class
One star observing session through telescope
For more information, please call us at 9360841234.
【语篇导读】 本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了太空科学学习俱乐部(SSLC)的目标、课程安排及课程亮点。
(　　)1.What can we learn about the Space Science Learning Club (SSLC)
A.It is a club only for students with a background in astronomy.
B.Its sessions are designed to meet the general needs of all students.
C. It aims to inspire the next generation of space explorers.
D.It is led by a trainer who has no connection with NASA.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的第三句可知,该俱乐部旨在激励下一代太空探索者。故选C。
(　　)2.In which week can students DIY their star maps
A.Week 2. B.Week 3.
C. Week 5. D.Week 4.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据Programme Schedule表格中的“Week 4 Introduction to Stars: Make Your Own Star Chart”可知,学生在第4周可以DIY星图。故选D。
(　　)3.What is NOT included in the Programme Highlights
A.On-site interaction with astronomers.
B.Unlimited access to web-based learning.
C. Worksheets for every class.
D.One star observing session through telescope.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据Programme Highlights中的“FREE access to web-based learning”可知,“无限访问网络学习资源”并非项目亮点内容。故选B。
B
(2025·江苏泰州海陵区泰州中学高三调研)
Animals hibernate (冬眠) to conserve energy during cold weather or when food becomes scarce, slowing their heart rates and dropping their body temperatures to as low as 5℃. This is only survivable if their blood continues to flow efficiently and supply oxygen to the body.
We already know that red blood cells change shape to fit different pressures and blood vessel sizes. To investigate if something like this happens in the cells of hibernating animals to keep blood flowing, Gerald Kerth at the University of Greifswald in Germany and his colleagues turned to bats. They analysed hundreds of thousands of red blood cells from common noctule bats, which hibernate and Egyptian fruit bats, which don’t, along with cells from people.
The researchers found that for all three species, red blood cells became less flexible and stickier as temperatures dropped from 37℃ to 23℃. But when they cooled the cells even further to 10℃, the bat cells continued this metamorphosis, whereas the human cells did not.
Indeed, the bat cells — even those of non-hibernating bats, which probably maintained the evolutionary capacity — continued to become thick, stiff and functional even at very low temperatures. This might be slowing down the cells as they pass through the tiny vessels in the muscles and lungs, making them highly efficient at exchanging gases, like oxygen, throughout the body.
“It is like how when you take your time at the supermarket instead of being rushed, you can really fill up your basket,” says Kerth. Exactly how this structural change happens is still unclear, but the team guesses that the mechanical properties of the bat red blood cell membranes (细胞膜) play a key role.
The findings suggest that drugs could one day include human red blood cell membranes to imitate the way bat membranes react to the cold, says Kerth. In the more distant future, hibernation could also allow for efficient long-distance space travel, requiring minimal food and other resources while preserving mental health during the journey. “There are benefits of putting humans at low temperature during space flight,” says Kerth.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了蝙蝠红细胞在低温下的变化及其对冬眠和太空旅行的潜在意义。
(　　)4.What did Gerald Kerth’s study focus on
A.Blood flow.
B.Blood vessel sizes.
C. Red blood cells.
D.Different pressures.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“We already know that red blood ... his colleagues turned to bats.”可知,Gerald Kerth的研究重点是红细胞。故选C。
(　　)5.What does the underlined word “metamorphosis” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A.Change. B.Growth.
C. Damage. D.Movement.
【答案】 A
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据第三段的内容可知,对于这三个物种,当温度从 37℃降至 23℃时,红细胞的柔韧性降低,黏性增强,也就是会发生变化。当他们将细胞进一步冷却到10℃时,蝙蝠细胞继续这种变化。由此可知,metamorphosis意为“变化”,与change意思相符。故选A。
(　　)6.Why does Kerth mention shopping at a supermarket
A.To prove the evolutionary capacity of bats.
B.To show the role of red blood cell membranes.
C. To indicate how the structural change happens.
D.To illustrate the efficiency of exchanging gases.
【答案】 D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段最后一句和倒数第二段中第一句可知,Kerth提到在超市购物是为了说明气体交换的效率。故选D。
(　　)7.How will hibernation help long-distance space travel
A.By offering astronauts resources.
B.By speeding up astronauts’ travel.
C. By reducing resource consumption.
D.By maintaining astronauts’ overall health.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“In the more distant future ... mental health during the journey.”可知,冬眠可以通过减少资源消耗来帮助长途太空旅行。故选C。
C
(2025·江苏高三模拟)
Why should mankind explore space Why should money,time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth These are questions that,understandably,are very often asked.
Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup as human beings.What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains or into all possible areas and environments The wider the spread of a species is,the better its chance of survival will be.Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.
Nearly every successful civilisation has explored,because by doing so,any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for.Without knowledge,we may be completely destroyed by the dangers.With knowledge,we can lessen the effects.
Exploration also allows minerals and other potential resources to be found.Even if we have no immediate need of them,they will perhaps be useful later.Resources may be more than physical possessions.Knowledge and techniques have been acquired through exploration.The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length and quality of our lives.We have already benefited from some spin-offs of space exploration.The technical improvements in earthquake prediction,in satellites for weather forecasting and in communication systems have long been in effect.
While many resources are spent on what seems a small return,the exploration of space allows creative,brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us.While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works,it also holds dangers.The dangers exist,but knowledge can help human beings to survive.Without the ability to reach out across space,the chance to save ourselves might not exist.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了人类探索太空的原因以及探索太空的好处。
(　　)8.What might be the key answer to the questions mentioned in Paragraph 1
A.Human nature.
B.Knowledge.
C. Civilisation.
D.Potential dangers.
【答案】 A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知,第一段提到的问题的关键答案可能就在于人类自己的基因构成,也就是人类的天性。故选A。
(　　)9.What does the underlined word “spin-offs” in Paragraph 4 mean
A.Applications.
B.Shortcomings.
C. Advantages.
D.Derivatives.
【答案】 D
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据画线词所在句及第四段最后一句可知,我们已经从太空探索的一些衍生物中获益,在地震预测、天气预报卫星和通信系统方面的科技进步已经影响深远,因此画线词意为“衍生物”,与D项意思相近。故选D。
(　　)10.In which situation may this text be applied properly
A.A private conversation.
B.A class presentation.
C. A cartoon picture.
D.A fashion review.
【答案】 B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据本文内容可知,第一段提出几个问题引起共鸣,后用“These are questions that,understandably,are very often asked.”收尾,接着下文继续展开陈述,告诉我们探索太空是对人类的未来负责,可以帮助我们寻找新能源,确保人类的生存。由此可推知,文章属于演讲类文章,结合选项可知,文章最适合用于课堂演讲。故选B。
(　　)11.Which can be a suitable title for the text
A.How Knowledge Benefits Us
B.What Humans Spread
C. Why to Explore Space
D.How Humans Save Ourselves
【答案】 C
【解析】 标题归纳题。纵观全文,本文介绍了人类探索太空的原因以及好处。由此可知,C项最适合作文章标题。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Rockets were probably invented by accident.The Chinese had a form of gunpowder which was put in bamboo tubes and thrown into fires to make 　1　 during festivals.Perhaps some of the tubes jumped out of the fire instead of exploding in it,the Chinese 　2　 that the gunpowder escaping from the tube could lift it into the air.The idea of the rocket was 　3　.
The first 　4　 use of rockets was in 1232.The Song Dynasty was at war with the Mongols.During the 　5　 of Kaifeng,the Song army 　6　 “arrows of flying fire”.The tubes were 　7　 to a long stick which helped keep the rocket moving in a straight direction.　8　 the Mongols learnt how to make rockets themselves and it is possible that they 　9　 them to Europe.Between the 13th and 15th centuries there were many rocket 　10　 in England,France and Italy.They were used for military purposes.One Italian scientist even invented a rocket which could travel over the surface of water and hit a(n) 　11　 ship.
Not everybody wanted to use rockets in battles.A famous Chinese government official invented a　12　 chair.He attached two big kites to the chair,and 47 rockets to the kites.The rockets were lit,and there was a huge explosion and 　13　 of thick smoke.When the smoke 　14　,the government official and his chair had disappeared.No one knows what happened.Did the government official die in the explosion Or was he carried kilometres away into space,becoming the world’s first 　15　
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了火箭可能是被偶然发明的,并且介绍了不同国家发明火箭的尝试。　　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　
(　　)1.A.cuisines B.decorations
C. explosions D.differences
【答案】 C
【解析】 此处是说中国人有一种装在竹管子里的火药,通常在节日期间会被扔进火里制造爆炸(explosions)。故选C。
(　　)2.A.thought B.discovered
C. understood D.decided
【答案】 B
【解析】 此处指中国人发现(discovered),从管子中漏出的火药可以把管子送到空中。故选B。
(　　)3.A.born B.burst
C. found D.improved
【答案】 A
【解析】 此处指火箭的想法就随之诞生(born)了。故选 A。
(　　)4.A.political B.official
C. military D.scientific
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据下面讲宋朝与蒙古人的交战可知,此处指火箭第一次在军事(military)上的使用是在1232年。故选C。
(　　)5.A.occupation B.attack
C. search D.battle
【答案】 D
【解析】 此处指在开封战役(battle)中,宋军射出了“飞火之箭”。故选D。
(　　)6.A.lifted B.shot
C. exploded D.flied
【答案】 B
【解析】 此处是说宋军射出(shot)了“飞火之箭”。故选B。
(　　)7.A.attached B.shaken
C. wrapped D.blown
【答案】 A
【解析】 此处是说这些管子被连接(attached)在一根长杆上,这根长杆帮助火箭沿直线移动。故选A。
(　　)8.A.Finally B.Suddenly
C. Soon D.Thus
【答案】 C
【解析】 此处是说很快(Soon),蒙古人学会了自己制造火箭,有可能是他们把火箭引进到了欧洲。故选C。
(　　)9.A.delivered B.threw
C. passed D.introduced
【答案】 D
【解析】 此处指蒙古人很快就从宋军那里学会了制造火箭,并有可能将其引进(introduced)到了欧洲。故选D。
(　　)10.A.transformations B.performances
C. experiments D.exhibitions
【答案】 C
【解析】 此处是说在13世纪到15世纪之间,英国、法国和意大利进行了许多火箭实验(experiments)。故选C。
(　　)11.A.business B.official
C. transportation D.enemy
【答案】 D
【解析】 此处指一位意大利科学家甚至发明了一种可以在水面上飞行并击中敌(enemy)舰的火箭。故选D。
(　　)12.A.flying B.diving
C. surfing D.blowing
【答案】 A
【解析】 此处是说一位中国政府官员发明了一把飞(flying)椅。故选A。
(　　)13.A.packs B.clouds
C. masses D.bunches
【答案】 B
【解析】 此处指火箭被点燃,发生了巨大的爆炸,浓烟滚滚。clouds of thick smoke意为“浓烟滚滚”。故选B。
(　　)14.A.faded B.completed
C. cleared D.reflected
【答案】 C
【解析】 此处是说当烟雾消散(cleared)时,这位官员和他的椅子已经消失了。没人知道当时发生了什么。故选C。
(　　)15.A.scientist B.researcher
C. astronaut D.manager
【答案】 C
【解析】 此处是发出疑问,这位官员是不是被带到了数千米外的太空,成了世界上第一位航天员(astronaut) 故选C。Unit 5　Into the unknown
题组训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Every day people join archaeologists and artists in finding some of the year’s most dramatic discoveries.Below are some examples.
“Naughty pupils”—ancient punishment method resurfaces
Archaeologists discovered 18,000 ink-carved pieces of pottery—known as “Ostraca”—at the site of Athribis,and among them were hundreds of fragments (碎片) with a single symbol repeated front and back.
Those scribbles (潦草的文字) are evidence of “naughty pupils” being made to write lines,according to researchers of Eberhard-Karls-Universitaet Tuebingen.The fragments also included receipts,school texts,trade information and lists of names.
Vincent Willem van Gogh peers out in hidden portrait
There is one more known Vincent Willem van Gogh’s self-portrait in the world,and it was hidden behind a painting of a peasant woman.People made the discovery when they took an X-ray of one of his portraits and discovered the artist’s own image behind layers of cardboard and glue.While X-rays often reveal how artists changed their compositions,the full self-portrait of Vincent Willem van Gogh came as a huge surprise,who was known to reuse canvases (画布) to save money.
Another treasure collection from Sanxingdui
The Sanxingdui archaeological site has produced thousands of relics.The discovery,reported by Chinese state media in June 2022,includes 3,155 objects,a turtle shell-shaped box and a sacrificial altar among them.A team has been digging six places of the site,turning up more than 13,000 objects so far.In 2021,the relics they uncovered included a golden mask,ivory artifacts and a jade knife.The Sanxingdui culture still remains mysterious,as it left behind no written records or human remains,though many believe it to be part of the ancient kingdom of Shu,which ruled along the upper stream of the Yangtze River until it was conquered.
(　　)1.What led to the researchers’ conclusion about the fragments
A.The repeated symbol.
B.Trade information.
C. Lists of pupils’ names.
D.The mark of ink.
(　　)2.Why did Vincent Willem van Gogh hide his self-portrait in a painting
A.To keep away from X-rays.
B.To save money.
C. To make his works more mysterious.
D.To help people find his composition.
(　　)3.Which is the unearthed relic of 2022 in Sanxingdui
A.A jade knife.
B.A golden mask.
C. A written record.
D.A turtle shell-shaped box.
B
(2025·上海松江二模)
Beneath its icy surface,the Antarctic Ocean—a vast and remote wilderness—houses a hidden world of microscopic life,including clouds of krill (磷虾).These tiny creatures,just a few inches long,are among the most plentiful and important animals on Earth.
Rod Downie,chief polar adviser at WWF-UK,describes Antarctic krill as the “superheroes of the Southern Ocean”.They serve as a critical food source for marine wildlife,including whales,penguins,seals,and seabirds.They feed on microscopic plants in sea ice,which absorb CO2,and are in turn eaten by whales.When whales release waste,it fertilises marine plants that help cool the planet.However,the unsustainable fishing of krill could disturb this cycle.
Downie says,“We urgently need to protect krill habitats within a network of marine protected areas.This project could give us a new tool to help monitor and safeguard this vital species.”
But monitoring these organisms presents a grand challenge for scientists.Traditional methods,such as ship-based surveys and sampling,are time-consuming,expensive,and geographically limited.Scientists are using slight differences in seawater colour to count Antarctic krill from space.Dr Cait McCarry,a researcher from the University of Strathclyde,has returned from Antarctica,where she conducted experiments to measure this effect.She explained,“We start with seawater,then add a krill and measure how much light the water absorbs.Then we add another krill and take another measurement.” This process helps scientists understand how krill concentration affects ocean colour,enabling them to track krill populations from space.
The technology isn’t without its limitations.Factors such as cloud cover,sea ice,and variations in water clarity can affect the accuracy of satellite measurements.Furthermore,while satellite data provides information about the overall biomass,it doesn’t provide detailed information on the species composition or the health of individual organisms.And in such cases,field studies,with their unique capacity for on-the-ground investigation,are ready to assume an essential role for a more comprehensive understanding.
From the seemingly insignificant variations in seawater colour to the complex interplay of life within the Antarctic food web,scientists continue to reveal the complicated workings of this vital ecosystem.Their dedication and the innovative tools they employ offer hope for a future where we can better understand and protect the wonders of our planet.
(　　)4.Why are krill described as “superheroes of the Southern Ocean”
A.Because they provide an essential monitoring method.
B.Because their vast species dominate the Antarctic Ocean.
C. Because they regulate the temperature of Earth in a certain way.
D.Because their movements indicate ocean temperatures precisely.
(　　)5.What can be concluded according to the passage
A.Light absorption changes with krill concentration.
B.Krill’s waste helps plants absorb CO2 more efficiently.
C. The species of deep-sea plants are enriched due to krill.
D.Krill are mainly threatened by natural hunters like whales.
(　　)6.What can be inferred from the passage
A.Oceanic research centres around marine life’s complex interactions.
B.Though minor now,water colour changes promise future discoveries.
C. Given overfishing,greater emphasis should be laid on the composition of krill species.
D.A full understanding of krill requires integration of satellite monitoring and field studies.
(　　)7.What is the passage mainly about
A.The urgency and challenges of studying krill.
B.The development of new methods to study krill.
C. The role of krill in the ecosystem and efforts to monitor them.
D.The impact of human activities on krill and ways to counter it.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·河北保定调研)
How to Find Your Way Without a Compass
We all know a compass points north,at least to magnetic north,which is close enough to true north to help you get where you want to go.1.　　　.
Know that the sun rises in the east.Figure out where the sun is rising and the opposite is west.If the sun is rising to your right then straight ahead is north.2.　　　.The same rules apply as the sun sets in the west.
Know that Polaris (北极星) is in the north.If it’s not cloudy,then you’ll find it at the tail end of Ursa Minor (小熊座).3.　　　,so you can wake up in the morning and remember the direction.
4.　　　.Then put a small stone at the end of its shadow.Wait 30—60 minutes and put another stone at the end of the shadow.Now draw a line through the two stones.You now have an east/west line.Look at which side the shadow is pointing over that line.It will be pointing in a northerly direction given the sun favours the south side of the sky.
Look for moss (苔藓) on certain trees.5.　　　.Look for a separate tree that is exposed to the sun.Moss likes shade,and the northern side of a tree is typically in shade most of the day.But if the tree is deep in a forest,it will be a far less reliable source to base direction on.
A.Know that cloudy weather may help
B.Use sticks to make an arrow on the ground
C.Stand a straight pole (over 1 metre tall) upright on level ground
D.This technique can work if you find the right target
E.You’ll find your way back when you arrive at that landmark
F.You should be able to make certain of south and west from there
G.But if you don’t have one,there are other ways to make sure you stay on course
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·山东德州一模)
Archaeologists have unearthed the smallest known cat fossil (化石) at the Hualongdong site in eastern China.It has been identified as 1.　　　　extinct species of leopard cat named Prionailurus kurteni,which was so small that it could 2.　　　　 (comfortable) fit in a hand.It was comparable 3.　　　　 size to the two smallest existing feline (猫科) species—the rusty-spotted cat and the black-footed cat.
The 4.　　　　 (origin) biology research supported the belief of a common ancestor for the leopard cat,the domestic cat and Pallas’s cat.However,no fossil evidence had been identified before the 5.　　　　(discover).Forest habitats 6.　　　　 leopard cats live are not ideally suited to bone preservation.
Finding the fossil of an inclined first molar (臼齿) means 7.　　　　(have) evidence from its jawbone and teeth that supports the idea of a common ancestor for all three cat species.
Chinese scientists have discovered dozens of primitive human fossils at the site dating back 300,000 years.These fossils 8.　　　　(find) so far are the earliest ones in East Asia,which are part of the evolutionary process of modern humans.They first 9.　　　　(appear) in Africa some 315,000 years ago,but it wasn’t until around 45,000 years ago 10.　　　　 they emerged in eastern Asia.The animal fossils help cast light on the environment,diet and potential threats faced by primitive humans. 选择性必修　第四册
Unit 1　Looking forwards
题组训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·江苏南通模拟)
Life in the Future
What life will be like in the future is difficult to predict.It is,however,possible to use models to make forecasts about future developments.One way to catch a glimpse of the future is to examine some of the major trends in contemporary society.
Transport
Current trends indicate that transport is becoming cleaner,faster and safer.Public transport is already well developed in most urban areas of China.New technology is being used to make sure that the cars,taxis,buses and trains we use do not pollute the air.A good example of how transport is changing is the new maglev train,which is environmentally friendly,energy-saving and travels at an amazing speed.To ensure safety,the train is controlled by an advanced computer system.
Scientists are also developing new fuels and engines that will let us travel without worrying about whether we are polluting the environment.
Business
It will not be business as usual in the future.Many companies and consumers have already begun reforming the way they do business.E-commerce,or business done on the Internet,is becoming more and more popular as people discover the advantages of online shopping.The Internet also makes it easier for companies to keep in touch with customers and companies in other countries.For people who do go out for shopping,shopping is no longer just a necessity.It has become a form of entertainment.Instead of searching a crowded store for basic goods,such as food and clothes,people want to go to a pleasant mall and combine shopping with fun.
(　　)1.Which of the following is the feature of future transport
A.It will be more entertaining.
B.It will be safer.
C. It will be funnier.
D.It will be cheaper.
(　　)2.What’s the definition of e-commerce
A.It is business done on the Internet.
B.It is business related to electricity.
C. It is business related to electronics.
D.It is business done by electricians.
(　　)3.What will the future mall be like
A.The future mall will be as large as a small city.
B.In the mall people can not only shop but also have fun.
C. People can do anything in the future mall.
D.The future mall will offer everything people need.
B
I major in Mechanical Engineering and Political Science.When someone hears what I study,I’m usually met with two reactions.The first is a small smile with the word “overachiever” on the tip of their tongue.The second is a look of confusion,followed by an exaggerated (夸张的) “Why ”.The short answer:I want to be a problem solver,and engineering teaches me how to become that type of person.In addition,I also want to be able to look at the bigger picture.
It’s the beginning of a new year,and a lot of first-year students have plans for double or triple majors.However,as most of us quickly realise after that first fall semester,college is a lot! We are unavoidably forced to make choices—do we keep trying to make our double or triple majors work or do we completely switch gears The thing I wished someone told me on day one is if you’re passionate about something,it’s not going to feel like work.Political Science can be challenging,
but to me,it’s fun to read laws and see the impact each word has on our interpretation.
This may sound hard to accept,but if you are double or triple majoring because you think you’re in a race with your peers,you’re only running yourself into the ground.Don’t double or triple major if you are doing it for a mark on your resume,because then your life will be a living hell for the next four years.What is going to make you impressive is the passion that you have—whether it be in your study,career,or something else your career and study will enable you to do.
Always think about your “why” when it comes to the schedule a double or triple major entails.Because at the end of the day,it’s going to be you doing the homework—so try to enjoy what you’re doing along the ride for what it’s worth.
(　　)4.How do people tend to feel about the author’s majors
A.Impressed or puzzled.
B.Ashamed or challenged.
C. Satisfied or confused.
D.Amazed or concerned.
(　　)5.What enables the author to enjoy learning Political Science
A.The value of studying the laws.
B.The influence of learning engineering.
C. His/Her career planning for the future.
D.His/Her enthusiasm for the major.
(　　)6.According to the author,what causes multiple majors’ hard situation in college
A.Adjusting the schedule for majors constantly.
B.Pursuing multiple majors out of the competitive motivation.
C. Making random choices without sufficient consideration.
D.Estimating the difficulty of multiple majoring inaccurately.
(　　)7.What is the author’s purpose of writing the text
A.To promote the concept of multiple majoring.
B.To explain the reasons for choosing a double major.
C. To stress the significance of passion in multiple majoring.
D.To compare the gains and losses of multiple majoring.
C
(2025·广东深圳模拟)
As an adult,one of the questions you are asked when meeting someone new is,“What do you do ” This is because your career is a very important part of who you are.The career you have significantly shapes your life,and so taking time to think about it is an essential exercise for young people.
One of the most effective ways to get some insight into a possible career path is to complete a “career aptitude (才能) test”.There are many different kinds of career aptitude tests.Some ask questions about your personal interests and attitudes.Others focus more on asking you to rate different kinds of work scenarios (设想),like working as a librarian or a lawyer.Of course,while completing these tests,it is very important to be honest,and don’t worry,there are no right or wrong answers.
One popular test asks the participants to grade their preferences for a variety of work tasks.Their answers are then analysed and divided among six different types of work personalities.The participants are then given a chart showing their scores for each type of work personality.The top three scores are used to create a code that indicates the participant’s overall work personality.This code is then used to generate a list of career suggestions.
The career suggestions are also based on participants’ education and experience levels,but they can look at higher-level careers as well,which is very useful for high school students.For example,users can look at the basic careers to see what work they might like now,and then look at the more advanced careers so they know what they may like to aim for in the future.This is a great tool to help plan users’ careers and let users know what targets they need to reach to get there.
In conclusion,career aptitude tests are useful tools.So try a few tests online and start thinking about your future career right now!
(　　)8.Why does the author ask the question in Paragraph 1
A.To support an idea.
B.To introduce a topic.
C. To define a profession.
D.To clarify a new concept.
(　　)9.Why is honesty crucial when taking a career aptitude test
A.Because the test results are used to determine your eligibility for specific job openings,so accuracy is paramount.
B.Because inaccurate answers can lead to a false sense of confidence,which might later result in professional setbacks.
C. Because the test is designed to reveal your true potential,and only truthful responses can provide an accurate assessment.
D.Because if you are not honest,the test will not be able to accurately assess your interests and guide you towards suitable career paths.
(　　)10.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A.The theory of coding.
B.The advice on career planning.
C. The variety of work personalities.
D.The process of a career aptitude test.
(　　)11.What does the underlined “aim for” most likely mean in this passage
A.To casually consider.
B.To unintentionally stumble upon.
C. To strategically plan and pursue.
D.To passively wait for.
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·厦门六中3月模拟)
If I hadn’t been a struggling violinist,I might never have become a writer.In the fourth grade,my school started an orchestra programme,and I eagerly 　1　 to learn the violin with my friend Irene,walking to weekly lessons together.
Our teacher,Mr Baumgartner,was 　2　.He warned that damaging instruments would get us dismissed.Sadly,I wasn’t 　3　 at the violin.One day during practice,the bridge (琴马) flew off and the strings 　4　.Terrified,I attempted to repair the bridge with glue.But when Mr Baumgartner saw the 　5　 bridge,he said I couldn’t stay in the orchestra.Instead,he 　6　 I join the glee club.
In the glee club,I discovered joy in group singing,　7　 my average voice.Later,our high school chorus 　8　 a competition to select singers for the City Honour Chorus.Surprisingly,I was among five girls selected.After a performance,my English teacher asked if anyone wanted to
　9　 the school paper.Somehow,I 　10　 my hand.Though I’d never considered writing,
seeing my name in print 　11　 me;I longed to write more.
The next year,I became the paper’s 　12　.Writing felt natural,like a hidden 　13　 waiting to emerge.Years later,at a reunion,Irene told me she’d become a(n) 　14　 violinist in Australia.I thought,“That might’ve been me.” But Mr Baumgartner’s strictness guided me to a world of 　15　.Life’s detours,I realised,often lead to unexpected gifts.
(　　)1.A.registered B.signalled
C. commanded D.developed
(　　)2.A.gentle B.strict
C. patient D.humorous
(　　)3.A.equal B.curious
C. skilled D.astonished
(　　)4.A.broke B.shook
C. faded D.touched
(　　)5.A.shiny B.wooden
C. twisted D.missing
(　　)6.A.ordered B.begged
C. suggested D.doubted
(　　)7.A.except B.like
C. without D.despite
(　　)8.A.withdrew B.held
C. won D.cancelled
(　　)9.A.contribute to B.come across
C. give out D.put off
(　　)10.A.lowered B.shook
C. raised D.waved
(　　)11.A.observed B.picked
C. inspired D.composed
(　　)12.A.teacher B.editor
C. leader D.designer
(　　)13.A.fear B.hobby
C. mistake D.talent
(　　)14.A.professional B.amateur
C. retired D.absent
(　　)15.A.music B.science
C. sports D.words

展开更多......

收起↑