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浙江省杭州市上城区2024-2025学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试卷
一、第二部分，阅读理解，第一节，阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读理解
Your Nature Photos Wanted
We want to see your nature photos. So, take a camera or a phone and go outdoors to see what natural treasures you can find. Send your photos to hello@.If we use your photo on this page, you will get a free copy of our August magazine (value:$10).
Last month's winners
Top tips for nature photographers (摄影师)
Flynn is the youngest person to win Best Wildlife Photography
Competition. He says, "Before you start, know that cats are careful in nature. Don't move. Choose a nice background. Take a photo of the cat looking at you."
"Remember, being patient ( 耐 心 ) is truly the most important thing in photography and don't be upset if your photos haven't turned out how you wanted them to. You don't need a big nice camera to take good pictures. It feels amazing to win because it's such a big competition-I was competing against adults!"
1．What can the readers get if their photos are on the magazine
A．A free magazine. B．10 dollars.
C．A photography class. D．A camera.
2．What did Mabel meet when she went boating
A．A tortoise. B．Some cows. C．Some bees. D．Wild cats.
3．What does Flynn think is the most important thing when taking a photo
A．Being very patient. B．Having a good camera.
C．Joining in competitions. D．Learning from adults.
阅读理解
Kellen McMahan, a 9-year-old boy, hopes everyone would feel like they're part of a group. "It's not nice to feel left out(被忽略) or feel like you don't fit in," he explains. This idea came to him when he noticed a classmate sitting alone during playtime. To help others feel welcome, Kellen created something special called Kellen's Campaign(活动) for Belonging. He plans to make sure nobody feels left out at school.
Kellen wanted to give something special to everyone at school to remind them they' re important.After talking with his parents and teachers, he decided on buttons(徽章). He told his classmates about the project. Since the school is big-with more than 400 students, they needed to find out the best way to make it happen.
Kellen and his classmates wrote some encouraging words like"You Belong Here!" on small round pieces of paper. By using a special machine, they turned these into buttons and sent them to each classroom. He hoped that the buttons would help students remember that they are part of the school. He also hoped they'd remind kids to ask others to join together in some activities.
Kellen still sees people wearing the buttons on backpacks and clothes. He thinks they've made a difference. "I've noticed some of the kids talking to one another a bit more," he says. "I've seen the kids who seemed lonely before, but they're starting to play with more people."
Today, Kellen is searching for new campaign ideas. "You should be kind to the people around you,"he says. "It feels great to help someone out."
4．Why does Kellen plan"Campaign for Belonging" according to Paragraph 1
A．He wants to send small kids some gifts.
B．He wants to help more homeless kids.
C．He wants to make sure nobody feels left out.
D．He wants to make backpacks more beautiful.
5．In which order did Kellen organize the campaign
① He sent the buttons to students in need.
② He wrote encouraging words on paper.
③ He told his classmates about the project.
④ He turned the round pieces of paper into buttons.
A．①③②④ B．②④①③ C．③④②① D．③②④①
6．What changes do some kids make after they get the buttons
A．They do some reading by themselves.
B．They play on the playground alone.
C．They communicate more with others.
D．They send them to their parents and teachers.
7．What's the main purpose of the text
A．To introduce a helpful boy called Kellen.
B．To show how to make beautiful buttons.
C．To list some ways to help kids in trouble.
D．To explain reasons why kids feel lonely.
阅读理解
Do you know how deep the ocean is What does it look like What kind of animals are living there More than 80 percent of the ocean hasn't been studied yet! Looking carefully at the deep ocean is hard because it's dark, cold, and the pressure is strong. Although there are challenges, scientists still have been able to research parts of the deep sea. One way is by using small tools called submersibles (深潜器). These tools record videos and collect samples of the water and seafloor.
What scientists have found so far from their research is pretty amazing! The deep ocean is home to animals that adapt to(适应) such dark and cold places in cool ways. Some animals, like giant squid,have large eyes to take in light. Others are blind and smell things around to live. Many deep-sea animals can even make their own light. The female angler fish uses bacteria (细菌) to make light in order to catch food.
Vents are another part of the deep sea we' re learning about. The waters around can hit temperatures up to 371℃ and they are home to some small sea animals, such as shrimps and crabs.
Scientists are working to study more of the deep ocean. In these dark, high-pressure places, they hardly find animals like fish or whales because their bodies would break into pieces under the strong water pressure. But each year they discover new kinds of sea animals. No matter what they discover next, one thing is sure-it will surprise us all!
8．How does the writer lead into the topic in Paragraph 1
A．By asking questions. B．By telling stories.
C．By listing numbers. D．By comparing facts.
9．How do some animals adapt to the deep ocean according to Paragraph 2
A．Eat a lot of food. B．Have large noses.
C．Smell things around. D．Make their own fire.
10．What does the writer think of the future research on the deep ocean
A．It's expensive to do it.
B．It's too difficult to find animals.
C．It's dangerous to take part in it.
D．It's hopeful to find something new.
11．Which part of a magazine is the passage probably taken from
A．History. B．Business. C．Nature. D．Culture.
阅读理解
Different kinds of music change our feelings. Some make us want to sing along. Others make us want to dance. Lullabies(摇篮曲) make babies and young kids feel calm (冷静的)-so calm that they fall asleep quickly!
Though Lullabies come from different places, these songs have a lot in common. They usually have short, easy words and simple tunes. The songs are slow, and people sing them in a soft voice with a calm beat.
Over the years, scientists have studied lullabies to find out more about their calming powers(力量).Research has shown that lullabies can slow a baby's heart, which is the sign of relaxation. The songs also make babies less alert(警觉的) to things around them, helping them to sleep. Babies who hear lullabies fall asleep faster and sleep better than those who don't.
There are a few reasons why lullabies are so calming for babies and others. For one thing, the calm,slow lullabies are similar to the comforting sounds a baby would have heard before birth - the sounds of the mother's heartbeat and her voice, for example. What's more, lullabies let a listener know that someone caring for them is nearby. This makes whoever is hearing the songs feel secure. As a result,they' re super relaxed.
However, the magic of lullabies doesn't stop there. According to researchers, the person singing the lullabies gets just as much as the listener! Singing these songs helps both the listener and the singer.So if you need a short period of calm, sing or listen to a lullaby.
12．What are lullabies like
A．They make people want to dance.
B．They make people want to sing along.
C．They are from a certain place.
D．They are slow and have simple words.
13．What may happen to babies when they hear lullabies according to the research
A．They are more alert to things around.
B．They may soon fall asleep.
C．They would like to look for their mothers.
D．They would become excited.
14．What does the underlined word"secure" in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A．smart B．excited C．safe D．interested
15．What's the passage mainly about
A．The calming magic of lullabies.
B．The list of kids' favourite lullabies.
C．The great development of lullabies.
D．The differences between pop and lullabies.
二、第二部分，阅读理解，第二节 任务型阅读(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面材料，从方框中所给出的A——E五个选项中选出正确选项(其中一项是多余选项)，将其序号填入第31——34小题，并回答第35 小题。
Feel Closer to Family
Your family history is the story of the people in your family who came before you. That includes your parents, grandparents, great-grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins. Knowing your family history can help you feel closer to your family. 　16． 　
Talk to your family.
Start by asking family members if you can speak with them about your family history. 　17． 　You can also ask them about big world events or inventions in their lifetime. While talking, you can write something down. That would help you know them well.
Look at old photos together.
Old photos can open memories and conversations. 　18． 　 Look at them together, and ask them to share what they remember about the photo, such as what the activity was and who was there.
　19． 　
Ask a parent or grandparent to help you fill out a family tree. At the bottom(底部) of the tree will be you and any brother or sister. Above you will be your parents, and above them, their parents. See how far back you can go in your family tree, listing your great - or even great-great grandparents. Add aunts and uncles and their children as well.
Keep memories safe.
You can make a memory box or a book that includes photos of your family, your family tree, and what you've learned about your history. Later, you can look back on the history you've collected and save it for your children or grandchildren to enjoy.
A. Build a big family tree. B. Make meals for family. C. Here's how you can start learning. D. Ask family members if they have any old photos. E. You can ask questions about their life growing up.
What will you do to know about your family history Why (不超过20词) 　20． 　
三、第三部分，语言运用，第一节，完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
完形填空
Erik Weihenmayer loves a challenge and is brave enough to face any danger. He 21． from airplanes wearing parachutes(降落伞) and climbs the tallest mountains in the world. However, he is 22． .
Erik was born with a serious illness, and there was 23． the doctors could do to stop it. The illness was making Erik go blind.
At first, Erik could see enough to read or ride a bike if he wore very thick 24． . When he was twelve, he started to see less and less. But he 25． to stop doing the things he loved.
One thing Erik loved was to ride his mountain bike. But it was getting 26． every day for him to do this. One day, Erik went riding on his bike. 27． he couldn't see where he was going and rode right into a tree! He knew it was time to make a 28． .
Erik decided to learn how to do things as a blind person. His family helped a lot. Erik's father 29． him to think about what he could do, not what he couldn't do. And he told Erik that it was part of life to try something, 30． , and then get up and try again.
Erik learned that there were many things he could do. He joined his high school wrestling(摔跤)team! 31． it was hard to accept his blindness at first, wrestling success made him sure of himself.
After Erik left college, he became a wrestling coach (教练) and middle school teacher. Many people were 32． that Erik could teach wrestling. They did not expect a blind person to do so.
Erik does not live his life in 33． . He has written books and appeared on TV to make his voice heard. But what is Erik's greatest success Maybe it is the way he shows people how to 34． their problems in life. For people all around the world, Erik is a true 35． in their hearts.
21．A． rides B． walks C． jumps D． throws
22．A． clever B． blind C． young D． strict
23．A． everything B． something C． anything D． nothing
24．A． glasses B． socks C． trousers D． shorts
25．A． continued B． refused C． wanted D． planned
26．A． harder B． later C． better D． heavier
27．A． Luckily B． Suddenly C． Firstly D． Normally
28．A． call B． promise C． decision D． deal
29．A． needed B． allowed C． encouraged D． invited
30．A． run away B． give up
C． look around D． fall down
31．A． Although B． Because C． If D． When
32．A． afraid B． tired C． excited D． surprised
33．A． silence B． order C． trouble D． danger
34．A． find B． leave C． solve D． understand
35．A． trader B． hero C． volunteer D． writer
四、第三部分，语言运用，第二节，词汇运用 (共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
将方框中所给词语的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。
get on with beauty whether challenge unusual
Summer holidays are the great time to travel around the world! Traveling helps students learn something special outside the classroom, 　36． 　 different people, and develop new hobbies.
Spending time in the nature, such as hiking in forests or swimming in oceans can clear our minds and show us the 　37． 　 of the earth. It's a fun way to understand why it's important to protect our planet.
Family trips create lots of unforgettable memories. 　38． 　 trying new foods or visiting towns together, these moments bring families closer. Traveling also lets us learn in exciting ways. We might experience different cultures, face many 　39． 　 , or even read books in special places.
So, pack your bags! Spend your holidays with loved ones, try an 　40． 　 experience, and see the world differently. Every trip is a story waiting to happen-start yours now!
阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式(每空一词)。
Our Summer Holidays
Last year, I went to Thailand with my friends-we had such a 　41． 　 (完美)time together. It was our first holiday 　42． 　 (到国外) without our parents so we were really looking forward to it. We did pretty much, but my favourite activity was taking a 　43． 　 (冒险) through the forests. We enjoyed the holiday so much that we're planning to go there again next year but with a bigger group.
I am a 　44． 　 (迷) of whales. Last summer, my parents took me to Australia to watch whales. The whales 　45． 　 (隐藏) under the water, so we had to wait quietly.Suddenly, a huge whale jumped out! It might weigh over 30,000 　46． 　 (公斤)! It was so amazing! However, the hotel was quite boring, so we went to a popular shopping mall in the 　47． 　 (地区). For my next summer holiday, I'd love to go there again with my friends.
Last year, my parents took my two brothers and me to Sanya for two weeks. We had a great time. The sun shone every day! It was fun to 　48． 　 (躺) down on the beach and enjoy sunbathing. My brothers and I tried Qingbuliang - a kind of sweet dish! The food 　49． 　 (自己,本身) is really famous, but I didn't like it.We' ve already booked our summer holiday for next year, but we won't 　50． 　(返回) to Sanya because it's too far away - we' re going to the southern part of France!
五、第三部分，语言运用，第三节，语法填空(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
If you're interested in photography, there's a little museum in Tokyo that you should probably visit. It is in the basement(地下室) of 　51． 　 building. Camera World calls it"the world's 　52． 　 (good) camera museum".
The Japan Camera Industry Institute (JCII) first 　53． 　 (open) it in 1989. They want to protect these cameras because they are full 　54． 　 stories.
The museum has 　55． 　 (thousand) of cameras. It introduces the history of cameras and photography around the world. It also has a special part that explains how Japanese cameras 　56． 　(develop) since the 1800s.
The museum is in quite a 　57． 　 (peace) location, even though it's in the middle of the busy city. Visitors can 　58． 　 (simple) pick up some of the cameras to look at how people used them.Workers have cut some camera models in half 　59． 　 (show) their inside parts.
It's a must-visit for any photography lover, 　60． 　 don't miss it!
六、第四部分，书面表达(共1小题，满分20分)
61． 假如你是张华，你的英国好友 Alex暑假将来杭州旅行。请根据以下相关信息，写一封邮件，向他推荐一处合适的地方。
注意：
1.邮件需包含所选地点的至少三点相关信息，可适当发挥；
2.文中不得出现真实姓名、学校等信息；
3.词数80词左右，邮件首句已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Alex,
Welcome to Hangzhou. I strongly suggest you visit
……
Yours,
Zhang Hua
答案解析部分
【答案】1．A
2．B
3．A
【知识点】广告布告类；应用文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】本文是一则面向大众的自然照片征集启事，公布了上月比赛的获奖作品，同时由最年轻的野生动物摄影大赛获奖者Flynn分享了实用的自然摄影小技巧。
【点评】考查阅读理解，三道题目均为原文直接定位即可找到答案的细节题，解题时只需精准锁定题干关键词，回到原文对应位置比对信息，即可快速选出正确答案。
1．细节理解题。根据文中"If we use your photo on this page, you will get a free copy of our August magazine (value:$10)."可知，如果读者的照片被刊登在杂志上，可以获得一本免费的杂志，故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据文中Mabel的配文"We went boating, but on the way there were some friendly cows walking slowly around."可知，Mabel去划船的时候遇到了一些奶牛，故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据文中"Remember, being patient is truly the most important thing in photography"可知，Flynn认为拍照时最重要的事情是保持耐心，故选A。
【答案】4．C
5．D
6．C
7．A
【知识点】记叙文；同伴间交往的品质；细节理解；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了9岁男孩Kellen为了不让校园里的孩子感到被忽略、缺少归属感，发起"归属感活动"，制作带有暖心标语的徽章送给全校同学，最终改善了校园里孤僻、孤单的同学的社交状态，传递友善与包容的暖心故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解，细节题需要精准定位题干关键词、逐段比对原文内容；排序题需要梳理事件发展先后逻辑；主旨大意题则需要通读全文，抓住文章核心人物与主线故事来判断，避免被局部细节误导。
4．细节理解题。根据文中"He plans to make sure nobody feels left out at school."可知，Kellen发起这项活动，是为了确保学校里没有人会感到被孤立，故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第二段、第三段内容，Kellen先告诉了同学们这个项目（③），接着和同学在纸上写下鼓励的话语（②），再用机器把纸片做成徽章（④），最后把徽章送到各个教室、给到学生手中（①），正确顺序为③②④①，故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据文中"I've noticed some of the kids talking to one another a bit more...but they're starting to play with more people."可知，拿到徽章后，一些孩子彼此之间的交流变多了，也开始和更多人一起玩耍，故选C。
7．文章大意题。文章全篇讲述了9岁男孩Kellen为了不让同学感到孤单、发起归属感公益活动的故事，文章的主要目的就是介绍这个善良又乐于助人的男孩Kellen，故选A。
【答案】8．A
9．C
10．D
11．C
【知识点】说明文；常见的动物及其生活环境；细节理解；文章结构；观点态度
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了深海环境黑暗、寒冷、压强大且大部分尚未被人类探索，科学家借助深潜器开展深海研究；讲解了深海动物独特的环境适应方式、海底热泉周边的特殊生物，同时表达了对未来深海探索不断收获新奇发现的期待。
【点评】考查阅读理解，文章结构题需要理清开篇行文方式；细节题精准锁定段落和原句即可解题；观点态度题要抓取结尾段落的情感倾向；文章出处题要结合全文话题内容匹配对应板块。
8．文章结构题。根据文中"Do you know how deep the ocean is What does it look like What kind of animals are living there "可知，作者在第一段通过提出多个问题来引出文章主题，故选A。
9．细节理解题。根据文中"Others are blind and smell things around to live."可知，部分深海动物依靠感知周围气味来在深海生存、适应环境，故选C。
10．观点态度题。根据文中"But each year they discover new kinds of sea animals. No matter what they discover next, one thing is sure-it will surprise us all!"可知，作者认为未来的深海研究一定会有全新的、令人惊喜的新发现，前景充满希望，故选D。
11．文章出处题。本文围绕海洋、深海生物、深海科学探索等自然相关内容展开，这类文章最有可能出自杂志的自然板块，故选C。
【答案】12．D
13．B
14．A
15．A
【知识点】说明文；音乐作品赏析与文化价值；细节理解；词义猜测；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了摇篮曲的普遍特点，通过科学研究说明了摇篮曲能够安抚婴儿、帮助入睡的神奇舒缓效果，解释了摇篮曲让人平静安心的深层原因，同时点明摇篮曲对演唱者本身也同样有放松情绪的益处。
【点评】考查阅读理解，细节题要精准定位原文对应语句比对选项；词义猜测题需要结合上下文语境推断含义；主旨大意题需要通读全文，抓住文章反复强调的核心主题来判断，避开片面的细节选项。
12．细节理解题。根据文中"They usually have short, easy words and simple tunes. The songs are slow, and people sing them in a soft voice with a calm beat."可知，摇篮曲节奏缓慢、歌词简单易懂，故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据文中"Babies who hear lullabies fall asleep faster and sleep better than those who don't."可知，宝宝听摇篮曲之后会更快入睡，故选B。
14．词义猜测题。根据前文"lullabies let a listener know that someone caring for them is nearby"以及后文"they're super relaxed"可知，有人在身边照料，会让人感到安心、安全，secure的意思是safe（安全的、安心的），故选C。
15．文章大意题。文章通篇介绍了摇篮曲舒缓安神的特点、科学原理，以及它对听者和演唱者都有平复情绪、放松身心的神奇作用，核心就是摇篮曲的镇静治愈魔力，故选A。
【答案】16．C；17．E；18．D；19．A；20．I'll talk to grandparents. They know much family history.
【知识点】说明文；家庭生活
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了了解家族历史能够拉近家人距离，同时给出了和家人聊天、翻看老照片、制作家谱、留存记忆等了解家族史的实用方法。
A. Build a big family tree. 搭建一个大家谱。
B. Make meals for family. 为家人做饭。
C. Here's how you can start learning. 这就是你可以开始了解的方式。
D. Ask family members if they have any old photos. 询问家人是否有老照片。
E. You can ask questions about their life growing up. 你可以询问他们成长过程中的经历。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，解题时要梳理段落主旨，关注上下文逻辑衔接，抓住每一段的核心关键词匹配选项；开放性作答要紧扣主题、控制字数，语句通顺即可。
16．根据"Knowing your family history can help you feel closer to your family."以及下文分点介绍具体做法，前文引出了解家族史的好处，此处需要过渡句引出学习方法。C选项"这就是你可以开始了解的方式"符合语境，故选C。
17．根据"Start by asking family members if you can speak with them about your family history."以及后一句"You can also ask them about big world events or inventions in their lifetime."，本段主题是和家人交谈提问。E选项"你可以询问他们成长过程中的经历"和前后提问的内容衔接自然，故选E。
18．根据"Old photos can open memories and conversations."以及后文"Look at them together, and ask them to share what they remember about the photo"，本段围绕老照片展开。D选项"询问家人是否有老照片"贴合段落主题，衔接上下文，故选D。
19．根据"Ask a parent or grandparent to help you fill out a family tree."，本段核心是制作家谱。A选项"搭建一个大家谱"精准概括本段小标题，故选A。
20．我会和祖父母聊天，他们知道很多家族往事。故答案为I'll talk to grandparents. Because They know much family history. (开放性试题，答案不唯一，合理即可)
【答案】21．C；22．B；23．D；24．A；25．B；26．A；27．B；28．C；29．C；30．D；31．A；32．D；33．A；34．C；35．B
【知识点】记叙文；人物传记
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了天生患病逐渐失明的埃里克，没有向命运低头，勇敢挑战极限运动、学习摔跤、成为教练与教师，用自身经历鼓舞他人勇敢面对人生困境的励志人生故事。
【点评】考查完形填空，解题需要通读全文把握人物励志的主线情感，结合上下文语境、固定搭配与逻辑连词来判断答案，遇到不确定的空可以先跳过，后文多有提示信息可以回头验证。
21．句意：他戴着降落伞从飞机上跳下，还攀登世界上最高的山峰。ride骑；walk走路；jump跳；throw扔。根据后文"from airplanes wearing parachutes(降落伞)"，结合跳伞的动作特点，可知从飞机上跳伞需要跳下。故选C。
22．句意：然而，他是失明的。clever聪明的；blind失明的；young年轻的；strict严格的。根据后文"The illness was making Erik go blind."，点明他因病逐渐失明。故选B。
23．句意：Erik生来就患有严重的疾病，医生没有任何办法来阻止病情发展。everything一切；something某事；anything任何事；nothing没有什么。根据语境疾病无法医治，没有解决办法，nothing可以表达无能为力的含义。故选D。
24．句意：起初，如果戴上很厚的眼镜，Erik的视力还足够阅读和骑自行车。glasses眼镜；socks袜子；trousers裤子；shorts短裤。根据前文"could see enough to read"，能帮助改善视力的物品是眼镜。故选A。
25．句意：但是他拒绝停止做自己热爱的事情。continue继续；refuse拒绝；want想要；plan计划。前文提到他视力越来越差，本句用But转折，说明他不肯放弃热爱的事。故选B。
26．句意：但是每天骑山地车对他来说变得越来越困难。harder更困难的；later更晚的；better更好的；heavier更重的。根据视力持续变差，可知骑行这件事难度不断增加。故选A。
27．句意：突然，他看不清前路，径直撞到了树上！luckily幸运地；suddenly突然；firstly首先；normally通常。这个撞树的意外是突发发生的状况。故选B。
28．句意：他知道是时候做出一个决定了。call通话；promise承诺；decision决定；deal交易。make a decision是固定搭配，意为做出决定，对应后文他开始以盲人的方式学习生活。故选C。
29．句意：Erik的父亲鼓励他多想想自己能做到的事，而不是自己做不到的事。need需要；allow允许；encourage鼓励；invite邀请。父亲用积极的方式引导他，是对他的鼓励。故选C。
30．句意：他告诉Erik，尝试、跌倒、然后站起来重新再来，就是人生的一部分。run away逃跑；give up放弃；look around环顾四周；fall down跌倒。根据后文"then get up and try again"，先跌倒再站起来，逻辑对应。故选D。
31．句意：虽然一开始很难接受自己失明，但摔跤上取得的成功让他建立了自信。although虽然；because因为；if如果；when当……时候。前后分句为让步转折关系。故选A。
32．句意：很多人都很惊讶Erik能够教授摔跤。afraid害怕的；tired疲惫的；excited兴奋的；surprised惊讶的。根据后文"They did not expect a blind person to do so."，大家没料到盲人可以做到这件事，因此感到意外。故选D。
33．句意：Erik并没有沉默地度过自己的人生。silence沉默；order秩序；trouble麻烦；danger危险。根据后文"He has written books and appeared on TV to make his voice heard."，说明他主动发声、没有沉寂。故选A。
34．句意：也许他最大的成功，就是向人们展示如何解决人生中的难题。find找到；leave离开；solve解决；understand理解。solve problems是固定搭配，意为解决问题。故选C。
35．句意：对于全世界的人们来说，Erik在大家心中是一位真正的英雄。trader商人；hero英雄；volunteer志愿者；writer作家。他身残志坚、励志追梦，因此被视作英雄。故选B。
【答案】36．get on with；37．beauty；38．Whether；39．challenges；40．unusual
【知识点】说明文；假期计划
【解析】【分析】get on with 与……和睦相处；beauty 美丽；whether 无论；challenge 挑战；unusual 不寻常的。本文讲述了暑假旅行的诸多好处，既可以亲近自然、增进家人感情、开阔眼界，也鼓励大家出发去开启独特的旅行体验。
【点评】考查选词填空，注意先辨析单词含义，结合固定搭配、词性转换、语法规则和上下文语境来变形填词，同时保证每词仅用一次。
36．句意：旅行能帮助学生学到课堂之外特别的东西、与不同的人和睦相处，并且培养新的爱好。根据后文"different people"，结合方框所给词组，get on with sb. 意为"与某人相处融洽"，符合语境，help sb. do sth. 后用动词原形，故答案为get on with。
37．句意：在大自然里度过时光，比如在森林里徒步或是在海洋里游泳，可以净化我们的心灵，也能让我们领略地球的美丽。根据定冠词the + 名词的结构，此处需要名词，beauty意为"美丽、美景"，符合表达大自然之美的语境，故答案为beauty。
38．句意：无论是一起品尝新食物还是游览城镇，这些时刻都能让家人之间的关系更加亲密。根据后文的"or"，whether...or... 是固定搭配，意为"无论……还是……"，位于句首首字母大写，故答案为Whether。
39．句意：我们可以体验不同的文化、面对许多挑战，甚至在特别的地方读书。根据many后面需要接可数名词复数，challenge意为"挑战"，复数形式为challenges，符合语境，故答案为challenges。
40．句意：和爱的人一起度过假期，尝试一次与众不同的经历，用不一样的眼光看世界。根据冠词an和名词experience，此处需要以元音音素开头的形容词作定语，unusual意为"不寻常的、与众不同的"，符合语境，故答案为unusual。
【答案】41．perfect；42．abroad；43．adventure；44．fan；45．hid；46．kilos；47．area；48．lie；49．itself；50．return
【知识点】记叙文；假期计划
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了Temi、Daniel、Jemima三人分别分享自己去年的夏日假期旅行经历，介绍了各自的旅行目的地、游玩趣事以及未来的假期出行计划。
【点评】考查单词拼写，注意先要根据中文提示确定基础单词，再结合句子时态、固定搭配、词性转换、单复数等语法规则变形填写，同时贴合上下文语境保证语义通顺。
41．句意：去年，我和朋友们去了泰国——我们在一起度过了一段十分完美的时光。"完美"对应的英文为perfect，形容词。此处修饰名词time，用形容词作定语。故答案为perfect。
42．句意：这是我们第一次没有父母陪伴出国度假，所以我们真的十分期待。"到国外"对应的英文为abroad，副词。故答案为abroad。
43．句意：我们做了很多事，但我最喜欢的活动是穿越森林进行一次冒险。"冒险"对应的英文为adventure，名词。前面有不定冠词a，后面接单数可数名词，take an adventure是常用搭配。故答案为adventure。
44．句意：我是一名鲸鱼迷。"迷"对应的英文为fan，名词。a后接单数名词，a fan of 是固定搭配，意为"……的爱好者、迷"。故答案为fan。
45．句意：鲸鱼躲藏在水下，所以我们必须安静地等待。"隐藏"对应的英文为hide，动词。整篇文章讲述去年夏天的经历，时态为一般过去时，hide的过去式为hid。故答案为hid。
46．句意：它的重量可能超过30000公斤。"公斤"对应的英文为kilo/kilogram，名词。前面数字30000大于1，需要使用名词复数形式kilos。故答案为kilos。
47．句意：然而酒店很无聊，所以我们去了这个地区一家很受欢迎的购物中心。"地区"对应的英文为area，名词。此处特指所在的一片区域，用单数即可。故答案为area。
48．句意：躺在沙滩上享受日光浴是很有趣的。"躺"对应的英文为lie，动词。固定句型it is fun to do sth.，to后面接动词原形。故答案为lie。
49．句意：这种食物本身非常有名，但我并不喜欢它。"自己，本身"对应的英文为itself，反身代词。此处用来指代单数名词The food，作同位语加强语气。故答案为itself。
50．句意：我们已经预定了明年的暑假，但我们不会返回三亚，因为那里太远了。"返回"对应的英文为return，动词。won't是will not的缩写，情态动词will后面接动词原形。故答案为return。
【答案】51．a；52．best；53．opened；54．of；55．thousands；56．have developed；57．peaceful；58．simply；59．to show；60．so
【知识点】旅游观光类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了位于日本东京的一家小型相机博物馆，讲述了它的建立时间、馆藏藏品、场馆特色以及参观体验，向摄影爱好者推荐了这一必打卡景点。
【点评】考查语法填空，做题时要结合句意、固定搭配、时态语态、词性转换等语法规则，同时注意上下文逻辑关系来确定最终答案。
51．句意：它在一栋建筑物的地下室里。building是可数名词单数，此处表示泛指"一栋"，building以辅音音素开头，要用不定冠词a来修饰，答案为a。
52．句意：《相机世界》称它为"世界上最好的相机博物馆"。所给词good为形容词，前面the world's划定范围，需使用形容词最高级，good的最高级是best，答案为best。
53．句意：日本相机工业协会(JCII)于1989年首次开设了这家博物馆。所给动词open，时间状语in 1989代表过去时间，句子采用一般过去时，open的过去式是opened，答案为opened。
54．句意：他们想要保护这些相机，因为它们充满了故事。本题运用固定搭配be full of，含义为充满、装满，答案为of。
55．句意：这家博物馆有成千上万台相机。所给数词thousand，thousands of是固定表达，指代数量众多，此时thousand变为复数形式，答案为thousands。
56．句意：它还有一个特别的板块，介绍自19世纪80年代以来日本相机是如何发展的。所给动词develop，since the 1800s是现在完成时标识，主语Japanese cameras为复数，搭配助动词have，develop的过去分词为developed，答案为have developed。
57．句意：尽管它身处繁华的城市中心，这家博物馆却位于一个相当宁静的地方。所给名词peace，此处需要形容词修饰名词location，peace对应的形容词是peaceful，答案为peaceful。
58．句意：游客可以简单地拿起一些相机，看看过去的人们是如何使用它们的。所给形容词simple，此处用副词修饰动词短语pick up，副词形式为simply，答案为simply。
59．句意：工作人员将一些相机模型切成两半，来展示它们的内部构造。所给动词show，动词不定式作目的状语，填写to show，答案为to show。
60．句意：它是所有摄影爱好者必去的地方，所以不要错过它。前后语句构成因果关系，用并列连词so连接，答案为so。
61．【答案】Dear Alex,Welcome to Hangzhou. I strongly suggest you visit the West Lake. It is big and quiet. You can ride a bike around it, take photos and feed the birds. After that, walk to Leifeng Pagoda. The hill is not high, so you can reach the top easily and see the blue water. Then go to Hefang Street. Try sweet lotus root, tasty fish soup and drink green tea. The food is cheap and good. I'm sure you will have fun!
Yours,
Zhang Hua
【知识点】应用文写作；旅游观光类；书信、电子邮件
【解析】【分析】这是一篇电子邮件应用文作文，本文要求以张华的身份给英国好友Alex写一封回信，为来杭州一日旅行的Alex推荐合适的游玩地点，写作时要结合给出的两处景点信息，选取一处并用上至少三点相关内容进行拓展，文章人称以第一人称为主，时态以一般现在时为主，写作时要紧扣景点特色，语言流畅自然，字数控制在80词左右，不能出现真实个人和学校信息，同时贴合对方既喜欢优美风景又喜爱历史景点的出行需求。
【点评】本文结构清晰完整，开头开门见山直接给出景点推荐，中间依次介绍西湖风光、雷峰塔、河坊街美食等游玩内容，结尾表达美好的游玩祝愿，完整贴合写作任务要求；文章语句通顺，内容充实，景点特色介绍贴合主题，衔接自然，很好地传递了推荐理由，打动收信人，完成了推荐邀请的写作目的。
1 / 1浙江省杭州市上城区2024-2025学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试卷
一、第二部分，阅读理解，第一节，阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读理解
Your Nature Photos Wanted
We want to see your nature photos. So, take a camera or a phone and go outdoors to see what natural treasures you can find. Send your photos to hello@.If we use your photo on this page, you will get a free copy of our August magazine (value:$10).
Last month's winners
Top tips for nature photographers (摄影师)
Flynn is the youngest person to win Best Wildlife Photography
Competition. He says, "Before you start, know that cats are careful in nature. Don't move. Choose a nice background. Take a photo of the cat looking at you."
"Remember, being patient ( 耐 心 ) is truly the most important thing in photography and don't be upset if your photos haven't turned out how you wanted them to. You don't need a big nice camera to take good pictures. It feels amazing to win because it's such a big competition-I was competing against adults!"
1．What can the readers get if their photos are on the magazine
A．A free magazine. B．10 dollars.
C．A photography class. D．A camera.
2．What did Mabel meet when she went boating
A．A tortoise. B．Some cows. C．Some bees. D．Wild cats.
3．What does Flynn think is the most important thing when taking a photo
A．Being very patient. B．Having a good camera.
C．Joining in competitions. D．Learning from adults.
【答案】1．A
2．B
3．A
【知识点】广告布告类；应用文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】本文是一则面向大众的自然照片征集启事，公布了上月比赛的获奖作品，同时由最年轻的野生动物摄影大赛获奖者Flynn分享了实用的自然摄影小技巧。
【点评】考查阅读理解，三道题目均为原文直接定位即可找到答案的细节题，解题时只需精准锁定题干关键词，回到原文对应位置比对信息，即可快速选出正确答案。
1．细节理解题。根据文中"If we use your photo on this page, you will get a free copy of our August magazine (value:$10)."可知，如果读者的照片被刊登在杂志上，可以获得一本免费的杂志，故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据文中Mabel的配文"We went boating, but on the way there were some friendly cows walking slowly around."可知，Mabel去划船的时候遇到了一些奶牛，故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据文中"Remember, being patient is truly the most important thing in photography"可知，Flynn认为拍照时最重要的事情是保持耐心，故选A。
阅读理解
Kellen McMahan, a 9-year-old boy, hopes everyone would feel like they're part of a group. "It's not nice to feel left out(被忽略) or feel like you don't fit in," he explains. This idea came to him when he noticed a classmate sitting alone during playtime. To help others feel welcome, Kellen created something special called Kellen's Campaign(活动) for Belonging. He plans to make sure nobody feels left out at school.
Kellen wanted to give something special to everyone at school to remind them they' re important.After talking with his parents and teachers, he decided on buttons(徽章). He told his classmates about the project. Since the school is big-with more than 400 students, they needed to find out the best way to make it happen.
Kellen and his classmates wrote some encouraging words like"You Belong Here!" on small round pieces of paper. By using a special machine, they turned these into buttons and sent them to each classroom. He hoped that the buttons would help students remember that they are part of the school. He also hoped they'd remind kids to ask others to join together in some activities.
Kellen still sees people wearing the buttons on backpacks and clothes. He thinks they've made a difference. "I've noticed some of the kids talking to one another a bit more," he says. "I've seen the kids who seemed lonely before, but they're starting to play with more people."
Today, Kellen is searching for new campaign ideas. "You should be kind to the people around you,"he says. "It feels great to help someone out."
4．Why does Kellen plan"Campaign for Belonging" according to Paragraph 1
A．He wants to send small kids some gifts.
B．He wants to help more homeless kids.
C．He wants to make sure nobody feels left out.
D．He wants to make backpacks more beautiful.
5．In which order did Kellen organize the campaign
① He sent the buttons to students in need.
② He wrote encouraging words on paper.
③ He told his classmates about the project.
④ He turned the round pieces of paper into buttons.
A．①③②④ B．②④①③ C．③④②① D．③②④①
6．What changes do some kids make after they get the buttons
A．They do some reading by themselves.
B．They play on the playground alone.
C．They communicate more with others.
D．They send them to their parents and teachers.
7．What's the main purpose of the text
A．To introduce a helpful boy called Kellen.
B．To show how to make beautiful buttons.
C．To list some ways to help kids in trouble.
D．To explain reasons why kids feel lonely.
【答案】4．C
5．D
6．C
7．A
【知识点】记叙文；同伴间交往的品质；细节理解；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了9岁男孩Kellen为了不让校园里的孩子感到被忽略、缺少归属感，发起"归属感活动"，制作带有暖心标语的徽章送给全校同学，最终改善了校园里孤僻、孤单的同学的社交状态，传递友善与包容的暖心故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解，细节题需要精准定位题干关键词、逐段比对原文内容；排序题需要梳理事件发展先后逻辑；主旨大意题则需要通读全文，抓住文章核心人物与主线故事来判断，避免被局部细节误导。
4．细节理解题。根据文中"He plans to make sure nobody feels left out at school."可知，Kellen发起这项活动，是为了确保学校里没有人会感到被孤立，故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第二段、第三段内容，Kellen先告诉了同学们这个项目（③），接着和同学在纸上写下鼓励的话语（②），再用机器把纸片做成徽章（④），最后把徽章送到各个教室、给到学生手中（①），正确顺序为③②④①，故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据文中"I've noticed some of the kids talking to one another a bit more...but they're starting to play with more people."可知，拿到徽章后，一些孩子彼此之间的交流变多了，也开始和更多人一起玩耍，故选C。
7．文章大意题。文章全篇讲述了9岁男孩Kellen为了不让同学感到孤单、发起归属感公益活动的故事，文章的主要目的就是介绍这个善良又乐于助人的男孩Kellen，故选A。
阅读理解
Do you know how deep the ocean is What does it look like What kind of animals are living there More than 80 percent of the ocean hasn't been studied yet! Looking carefully at the deep ocean is hard because it's dark, cold, and the pressure is strong. Although there are challenges, scientists still have been able to research parts of the deep sea. One way is by using small tools called submersibles (深潜器). These tools record videos and collect samples of the water and seafloor.
What scientists have found so far from their research is pretty amazing! The deep ocean is home to animals that adapt to(适应) such dark and cold places in cool ways. Some animals, like giant squid,have large eyes to take in light. Others are blind and smell things around to live. Many deep-sea animals can even make their own light. The female angler fish uses bacteria (细菌) to make light in order to catch food.
Vents are another part of the deep sea we' re learning about. The waters around can hit temperatures up to 371℃ and they are home to some small sea animals, such as shrimps and crabs.
Scientists are working to study more of the deep ocean. In these dark, high-pressure places, they hardly find animals like fish or whales because their bodies would break into pieces under the strong water pressure. But each year they discover new kinds of sea animals. No matter what they discover next, one thing is sure-it will surprise us all!
8．How does the writer lead into the topic in Paragraph 1
A．By asking questions. B．By telling stories.
C．By listing numbers. D．By comparing facts.
9．How do some animals adapt to the deep ocean according to Paragraph 2
A．Eat a lot of food. B．Have large noses.
C．Smell things around. D．Make their own fire.
10．What does the writer think of the future research on the deep ocean
A．It's expensive to do it.
B．It's too difficult to find animals.
C．It's dangerous to take part in it.
D．It's hopeful to find something new.
11．Which part of a magazine is the passage probably taken from
A．History. B．Business. C．Nature. D．Culture.
【答案】8．A
9．C
10．D
11．C
【知识点】说明文；常见的动物及其生活环境；细节理解；文章结构；观点态度
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了深海环境黑暗、寒冷、压强大且大部分尚未被人类探索，科学家借助深潜器开展深海研究；讲解了深海动物独特的环境适应方式、海底热泉周边的特殊生物，同时表达了对未来深海探索不断收获新奇发现的期待。
【点评】考查阅读理解，文章结构题需要理清开篇行文方式；细节题精准锁定段落和原句即可解题；观点态度题要抓取结尾段落的情感倾向；文章出处题要结合全文话题内容匹配对应板块。
8．文章结构题。根据文中"Do you know how deep the ocean is What does it look like What kind of animals are living there "可知，作者在第一段通过提出多个问题来引出文章主题，故选A。
9．细节理解题。根据文中"Others are blind and smell things around to live."可知，部分深海动物依靠感知周围气味来在深海生存、适应环境，故选C。
10．观点态度题。根据文中"But each year they discover new kinds of sea animals. No matter what they discover next, one thing is sure-it will surprise us all!"可知，作者认为未来的深海研究一定会有全新的、令人惊喜的新发现，前景充满希望，故选D。
11．文章出处题。本文围绕海洋、深海生物、深海科学探索等自然相关内容展开，这类文章最有可能出自杂志的自然板块，故选C。
阅读理解
Different kinds of music change our feelings. Some make us want to sing along. Others make us want to dance. Lullabies(摇篮曲) make babies and young kids feel calm (冷静的)-so calm that they fall asleep quickly!
Though Lullabies come from different places, these songs have a lot in common. They usually have short, easy words and simple tunes. The songs are slow, and people sing them in a soft voice with a calm beat.
Over the years, scientists have studied lullabies to find out more about their calming powers(力量).Research has shown that lullabies can slow a baby's heart, which is the sign of relaxation. The songs also make babies less alert(警觉的) to things around them, helping them to sleep. Babies who hear lullabies fall asleep faster and sleep better than those who don't.
There are a few reasons why lullabies are so calming for babies and others. For one thing, the calm,slow lullabies are similar to the comforting sounds a baby would have heard before birth - the sounds of the mother's heartbeat and her voice, for example. What's more, lullabies let a listener know that someone caring for them is nearby. This makes whoever is hearing the songs feel secure. As a result,they' re super relaxed.
However, the magic of lullabies doesn't stop there. According to researchers, the person singing the lullabies gets just as much as the listener! Singing these songs helps both the listener and the singer.So if you need a short period of calm, sing or listen to a lullaby.
12．What are lullabies like
A．They make people want to dance.
B．They make people want to sing along.
C．They are from a certain place.
D．They are slow and have simple words.
13．What may happen to babies when they hear lullabies according to the research
A．They are more alert to things around.
B．They may soon fall asleep.
C．They would like to look for their mothers.
D．They would become excited.
14．What does the underlined word"secure" in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A．smart B．excited C．safe D．interested
15．What's the passage mainly about
A．The calming magic of lullabies.
B．The list of kids' favourite lullabies.
C．The great development of lullabies.
D．The differences between pop and lullabies.
【答案】12．D
13．B
14．A
15．A
【知识点】说明文；音乐作品赏析与文化价值；细节理解；词义猜测；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了摇篮曲的普遍特点，通过科学研究说明了摇篮曲能够安抚婴儿、帮助入睡的神奇舒缓效果，解释了摇篮曲让人平静安心的深层原因，同时点明摇篮曲对演唱者本身也同样有放松情绪的益处。
【点评】考查阅读理解，细节题要精准定位原文对应语句比对选项；词义猜测题需要结合上下文语境推断含义；主旨大意题需要通读全文，抓住文章反复强调的核心主题来判断，避开片面的细节选项。
12．细节理解题。根据文中"They usually have short, easy words and simple tunes. The songs are slow, and people sing them in a soft voice with a calm beat."可知，摇篮曲节奏缓慢、歌词简单易懂，故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据文中"Babies who hear lullabies fall asleep faster and sleep better than those who don't."可知，宝宝听摇篮曲之后会更快入睡，故选B。
14．词义猜测题。根据前文"lullabies let a listener know that someone caring for them is nearby"以及后文"they're super relaxed"可知，有人在身边照料，会让人感到安心、安全，secure的意思是safe（安全的、安心的），故选C。
15．文章大意题。文章通篇介绍了摇篮曲舒缓安神的特点、科学原理，以及它对听者和演唱者都有平复情绪、放松身心的神奇作用，核心就是摇篮曲的镇静治愈魔力，故选A。
二、第二部分，阅读理解，第二节 任务型阅读(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面材料，从方框中所给出的A——E五个选项中选出正确选项(其中一项是多余选项)，将其序号填入第31——34小题，并回答第35 小题。
Feel Closer to Family
Your family history is the story of the people in your family who came before you. That includes your parents, grandparents, great-grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins. Knowing your family history can help you feel closer to your family. 　16． 　
Talk to your family.
Start by asking family members if you can speak with them about your family history. 　17． 　You can also ask them about big world events or inventions in their lifetime. While talking, you can write something down. That would help you know them well.
Look at old photos together.
Old photos can open memories and conversations. 　18． 　 Look at them together, and ask them to share what they remember about the photo, such as what the activity was and who was there.
　19． 　
Ask a parent or grandparent to help you fill out a family tree. At the bottom(底部) of the tree will be you and any brother or sister. Above you will be your parents, and above them, their parents. See how far back you can go in your family tree, listing your great - or even great-great grandparents. Add aunts and uncles and their children as well.
Keep memories safe.
You can make a memory box or a book that includes photos of your family, your family tree, and what you've learned about your history. Later, you can look back on the history you've collected and save it for your children or grandchildren to enjoy.
A. Build a big family tree. B. Make meals for family. C. Here's how you can start learning. D. Ask family members if they have any old photos. E. You can ask questions about their life growing up.
What will you do to know about your family history Why (不超过20词) 　20． 　
【答案】16．C；17．E；18．D；19．A；20．I'll talk to grandparents. They know much family history.
【知识点】说明文；家庭生活
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了了解家族历史能够拉近家人距离，同时给出了和家人聊天、翻看老照片、制作家谱、留存记忆等了解家族史的实用方法。
A. Build a big family tree. 搭建一个大家谱。
B. Make meals for family. 为家人做饭。
C. Here's how you can start learning. 这就是你可以开始了解的方式。
D. Ask family members if they have any old photos. 询问家人是否有老照片。
E. You can ask questions about their life growing up. 你可以询问他们成长过程中的经历。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，解题时要梳理段落主旨，关注上下文逻辑衔接，抓住每一段的核心关键词匹配选项；开放性作答要紧扣主题、控制字数，语句通顺即可。
16．根据"Knowing your family history can help you feel closer to your family."以及下文分点介绍具体做法，前文引出了解家族史的好处，此处需要过渡句引出学习方法。C选项"这就是你可以开始了解的方式"符合语境，故选C。
17．根据"Start by asking family members if you can speak with them about your family history."以及后一句"You can also ask them about big world events or inventions in their lifetime."，本段主题是和家人交谈提问。E选项"你可以询问他们成长过程中的经历"和前后提问的内容衔接自然，故选E。
18．根据"Old photos can open memories and conversations."以及后文"Look at them together, and ask them to share what they remember about the photo"，本段围绕老照片展开。D选项"询问家人是否有老照片"贴合段落主题，衔接上下文，故选D。
19．根据"Ask a parent or grandparent to help you fill out a family tree."，本段核心是制作家谱。A选项"搭建一个大家谱"精准概括本段小标题，故选A。
20．我会和祖父母聊天，他们知道很多家族往事。故答案为I'll talk to grandparents. Because They know much family history. (开放性试题，答案不唯一，合理即可)
三、第三部分，语言运用，第一节，完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
完形填空
Erik Weihenmayer loves a challenge and is brave enough to face any danger. He 21． from airplanes wearing parachutes(降落伞) and climbs the tallest mountains in the world. However, he is 22． .
Erik was born with a serious illness, and there was 23． the doctors could do to stop it. The illness was making Erik go blind.
At first, Erik could see enough to read or ride a bike if he wore very thick 24． . When he was twelve, he started to see less and less. But he 25． to stop doing the things he loved.
One thing Erik loved was to ride his mountain bike. But it was getting 26． every day for him to do this. One day, Erik went riding on his bike. 27． he couldn't see where he was going and rode right into a tree! He knew it was time to make a 28． .
Erik decided to learn how to do things as a blind person. His family helped a lot. Erik's father 29． him to think about what he could do, not what he couldn't do. And he told Erik that it was part of life to try something, 30． , and then get up and try again.
Erik learned that there were many things he could do. He joined his high school wrestling(摔跤)team! 31． it was hard to accept his blindness at first, wrestling success made him sure of himself.
After Erik left college, he became a wrestling coach (教练) and middle school teacher. Many people were 32． that Erik could teach wrestling. They did not expect a blind person to do so.
Erik does not live his life in 33． . He has written books and appeared on TV to make his voice heard. But what is Erik's greatest success Maybe it is the way he shows people how to 34． their problems in life. For people all around the world, Erik is a true 35． in their hearts.
21．A． rides B． walks C． jumps D． throws
22．A． clever B． blind C． young D． strict
23．A． everything B． something C． anything D． nothing
24．A． glasses B． socks C． trousers D． shorts
25．A． continued B． refused C． wanted D． planned
26．A． harder B． later C． better D． heavier
27．A． Luckily B． Suddenly C． Firstly D． Normally
28．A． call B． promise C． decision D． deal
29．A． needed B． allowed C． encouraged D． invited
30．A． run away B． give up
C． look around D． fall down
31．A． Although B． Because C． If D． When
32．A． afraid B． tired C． excited D． surprised
33．A． silence B． order C． trouble D． danger
34．A． find B． leave C． solve D． understand
35．A． trader B． hero C． volunteer D． writer
【答案】21．C；22．B；23．D；24．A；25．B；26．A；27．B；28．C；29．C；30．D；31．A；32．D；33．A；34．C；35．B
【知识点】记叙文；人物传记
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了天生患病逐渐失明的埃里克，没有向命运低头，勇敢挑战极限运动、学习摔跤、成为教练与教师，用自身经历鼓舞他人勇敢面对人生困境的励志人生故事。
【点评】考查完形填空，解题需要通读全文把握人物励志的主线情感，结合上下文语境、固定搭配与逻辑连词来判断答案，遇到不确定的空可以先跳过，后文多有提示信息可以回头验证。
21．句意：他戴着降落伞从飞机上跳下，还攀登世界上最高的山峰。ride骑；walk走路；jump跳；throw扔。根据后文"from airplanes wearing parachutes(降落伞)"，结合跳伞的动作特点，可知从飞机上跳伞需要跳下。故选C。
22．句意：然而，他是失明的。clever聪明的；blind失明的；young年轻的；strict严格的。根据后文"The illness was making Erik go blind."，点明他因病逐渐失明。故选B。
23．句意：Erik生来就患有严重的疾病，医生没有任何办法来阻止病情发展。everything一切；something某事；anything任何事；nothing没有什么。根据语境疾病无法医治，没有解决办法，nothing可以表达无能为力的含义。故选D。
24．句意：起初，如果戴上很厚的眼镜，Erik的视力还足够阅读和骑自行车。glasses眼镜；socks袜子；trousers裤子；shorts短裤。根据前文"could see enough to read"，能帮助改善视力的物品是眼镜。故选A。
25．句意：但是他拒绝停止做自己热爱的事情。continue继续；refuse拒绝；want想要；plan计划。前文提到他视力越来越差，本句用But转折，说明他不肯放弃热爱的事。故选B。
26．句意：但是每天骑山地车对他来说变得越来越困难。harder更困难的；later更晚的；better更好的；heavier更重的。根据视力持续变差，可知骑行这件事难度不断增加。故选A。
27．句意：突然，他看不清前路，径直撞到了树上！luckily幸运地；suddenly突然；firstly首先；normally通常。这个撞树的意外是突发发生的状况。故选B。
28．句意：他知道是时候做出一个决定了。call通话；promise承诺；decision决定；deal交易。make a decision是固定搭配，意为做出决定，对应后文他开始以盲人的方式学习生活。故选C。
29．句意：Erik的父亲鼓励他多想想自己能做到的事，而不是自己做不到的事。need需要；allow允许；encourage鼓励；invite邀请。父亲用积极的方式引导他，是对他的鼓励。故选C。
30．句意：他告诉Erik，尝试、跌倒、然后站起来重新再来，就是人生的一部分。run away逃跑；give up放弃；look around环顾四周；fall down跌倒。根据后文"then get up and try again"，先跌倒再站起来，逻辑对应。故选D。
31．句意：虽然一开始很难接受自己失明，但摔跤上取得的成功让他建立了自信。although虽然；because因为；if如果；when当……时候。前后分句为让步转折关系。故选A。
32．句意：很多人都很惊讶Erik能够教授摔跤。afraid害怕的；tired疲惫的；excited兴奋的；surprised惊讶的。根据后文"They did not expect a blind person to do so."，大家没料到盲人可以做到这件事，因此感到意外。故选D。
33．句意：Erik并没有沉默地度过自己的人生。silence沉默；order秩序；trouble麻烦；danger危险。根据后文"He has written books and appeared on TV to make his voice heard."，说明他主动发声、没有沉寂。故选A。
34．句意：也许他最大的成功，就是向人们展示如何解决人生中的难题。find找到；leave离开；solve解决；understand理解。solve problems是固定搭配，意为解决问题。故选C。
35．句意：对于全世界的人们来说，Erik在大家心中是一位真正的英雄。trader商人；hero英雄；volunteer志愿者；writer作家。他身残志坚、励志追梦，因此被视作英雄。故选B。
四、第三部分，语言运用，第二节，词汇运用 (共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
将方框中所给词语的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。
get on with beauty whether challenge unusual
Summer holidays are the great time to travel around the world! Traveling helps students learn something special outside the classroom, 　36． 　 different people, and develop new hobbies.
Spending time in the nature, such as hiking in forests or swimming in oceans can clear our minds and show us the 　37． 　 of the earth. It's a fun way to understand why it's important to protect our planet.
Family trips create lots of unforgettable memories. 　38． 　 trying new foods or visiting towns together, these moments bring families closer. Traveling also lets us learn in exciting ways. We might experience different cultures, face many 　39． 　 , or even read books in special places.
So, pack your bags! Spend your holidays with loved ones, try an 　40． 　 experience, and see the world differently. Every trip is a story waiting to happen-start yours now!
【答案】36．get on with；37．beauty；38．Whether；39．challenges；40．unusual
【知识点】说明文；假期计划
【解析】【分析】get on with 与……和睦相处；beauty 美丽；whether 无论；challenge 挑战；unusual 不寻常的。本文讲述了暑假旅行的诸多好处，既可以亲近自然、增进家人感情、开阔眼界，也鼓励大家出发去开启独特的旅行体验。
【点评】考查选词填空，注意先辨析单词含义，结合固定搭配、词性转换、语法规则和上下文语境来变形填词，同时保证每词仅用一次。
36．句意：旅行能帮助学生学到课堂之外特别的东西、与不同的人和睦相处，并且培养新的爱好。根据后文"different people"，结合方框所给词组，get on with sb. 意为"与某人相处融洽"，符合语境，help sb. do sth. 后用动词原形，故答案为get on with。
37．句意：在大自然里度过时光，比如在森林里徒步或是在海洋里游泳，可以净化我们的心灵，也能让我们领略地球的美丽。根据定冠词the + 名词的结构，此处需要名词，beauty意为"美丽、美景"，符合表达大自然之美的语境，故答案为beauty。
38．句意：无论是一起品尝新食物还是游览城镇，这些时刻都能让家人之间的关系更加亲密。根据后文的"or"，whether...or... 是固定搭配，意为"无论……还是……"，位于句首首字母大写，故答案为Whether。
39．句意：我们可以体验不同的文化、面对许多挑战，甚至在特别的地方读书。根据many后面需要接可数名词复数，challenge意为"挑战"，复数形式为challenges，符合语境，故答案为challenges。
40．句意：和爱的人一起度过假期，尝试一次与众不同的经历，用不一样的眼光看世界。根据冠词an和名词experience，此处需要以元音音素开头的形容词作定语，unusual意为"不寻常的、与众不同的"，符合语境，故答案为unusual。
阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式(每空一词)。
Our Summer Holidays
Last year, I went to Thailand with my friends-we had such a 　41． 　 (完美)time together. It was our first holiday 　42． 　 (到国外) without our parents so we were really looking forward to it. We did pretty much, but my favourite activity was taking a 　43． 　 (冒险) through the forests. We enjoyed the holiday so much that we're planning to go there again next year but with a bigger group.
I am a 　44． 　 (迷) of whales. Last summer, my parents took me to Australia to watch whales. The whales 　45． 　 (隐藏) under the water, so we had to wait quietly.Suddenly, a huge whale jumped out! It might weigh over 30,000 　46． 　 (公斤)! It was so amazing! However, the hotel was quite boring, so we went to a popular shopping mall in the 　47． 　 (地区). For my next summer holiday, I'd love to go there again with my friends.
Last year, my parents took my two brothers and me to Sanya for two weeks. We had a great time. The sun shone every day! It was fun to 　48． 　 (躺) down on the beach and enjoy sunbathing. My brothers and I tried Qingbuliang - a kind of sweet dish! The food 　49． 　 (自己,本身) is really famous, but I didn't like it.We' ve already booked our summer holiday for next year, but we won't 　50． 　(返回) to Sanya because it's too far away - we' re going to the southern part of France!
【答案】41．perfect；42．abroad；43．adventure；44．fan；45．hid；46．kilos；47．area；48．lie；49．itself；50．return
【知识点】记叙文；假期计划
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了Temi、Daniel、Jemima三人分别分享自己去年的夏日假期旅行经历，介绍了各自的旅行目的地、游玩趣事以及未来的假期出行计划。
【点评】考查单词拼写，注意先要根据中文提示确定基础单词，再结合句子时态、固定搭配、词性转换、单复数等语法规则变形填写，同时贴合上下文语境保证语义通顺。
41．句意：去年，我和朋友们去了泰国——我们在一起度过了一段十分完美的时光。"完美"对应的英文为perfect，形容词。此处修饰名词time，用形容词作定语。故答案为perfect。
42．句意：这是我们第一次没有父母陪伴出国度假，所以我们真的十分期待。"到国外"对应的英文为abroad，副词。故答案为abroad。
43．句意：我们做了很多事，但我最喜欢的活动是穿越森林进行一次冒险。"冒险"对应的英文为adventure，名词。前面有不定冠词a，后面接单数可数名词，take an adventure是常用搭配。故答案为adventure。
44．句意：我是一名鲸鱼迷。"迷"对应的英文为fan，名词。a后接单数名词，a fan of 是固定搭配，意为"……的爱好者、迷"。故答案为fan。
45．句意：鲸鱼躲藏在水下，所以我们必须安静地等待。"隐藏"对应的英文为hide，动词。整篇文章讲述去年夏天的经历，时态为一般过去时，hide的过去式为hid。故答案为hid。
46．句意：它的重量可能超过30000公斤。"公斤"对应的英文为kilo/kilogram，名词。前面数字30000大于1，需要使用名词复数形式kilos。故答案为kilos。
47．句意：然而酒店很无聊，所以我们去了这个地区一家很受欢迎的购物中心。"地区"对应的英文为area，名词。此处特指所在的一片区域，用单数即可。故答案为area。
48．句意：躺在沙滩上享受日光浴是很有趣的。"躺"对应的英文为lie，动词。固定句型it is fun to do sth.，to后面接动词原形。故答案为lie。
49．句意：这种食物本身非常有名，但我并不喜欢它。"自己，本身"对应的英文为itself，反身代词。此处用来指代单数名词The food，作同位语加强语气。故答案为itself。
50．句意：我们已经预定了明年的暑假，但我们不会返回三亚，因为那里太远了。"返回"对应的英文为return，动词。won't是will not的缩写，情态动词will后面接动词原形。故答案为return。
五、第三部分，语言运用，第三节，语法填空(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
If you're interested in photography, there's a little museum in Tokyo that you should probably visit. It is in the basement(地下室) of 　51． 　 building. Camera World calls it"the world's 　52． 　 (good) camera museum".
The Japan Camera Industry Institute (JCII) first 　53． 　 (open) it in 1989. They want to protect these cameras because they are full 　54． 　 stories.
The museum has 　55． 　 (thousand) of cameras. It introduces the history of cameras and photography around the world. It also has a special part that explains how Japanese cameras 　56． 　(develop) since the 1800s.
The museum is in quite a 　57． 　 (peace) location, even though it's in the middle of the busy city. Visitors can 　58． 　 (simple) pick up some of the cameras to look at how people used them.Workers have cut some camera models in half 　59． 　 (show) their inside parts.
It's a must-visit for any photography lover, 　60． 　 don't miss it!
【答案】51．a；52．best；53．opened；54．of；55．thousands；56．have developed；57．peaceful；58．simply；59．to show；60．so
【知识点】旅游观光类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了位于日本东京的一家小型相机博物馆，讲述了它的建立时间、馆藏藏品、场馆特色以及参观体验，向摄影爱好者推荐了这一必打卡景点。
【点评】考查语法填空，做题时要结合句意、固定搭配、时态语态、词性转换等语法规则，同时注意上下文逻辑关系来确定最终答案。
51．句意：它在一栋建筑物的地下室里。building是可数名词单数，此处表示泛指"一栋"，building以辅音音素开头，要用不定冠词a来修饰，答案为a。
52．句意：《相机世界》称它为"世界上最好的相机博物馆"。所给词good为形容词，前面the world's划定范围，需使用形容词最高级，good的最高级是best，答案为best。
53．句意：日本相机工业协会(JCII)于1989年首次开设了这家博物馆。所给动词open，时间状语in 1989代表过去时间，句子采用一般过去时，open的过去式是opened，答案为opened。
54．句意：他们想要保护这些相机，因为它们充满了故事。本题运用固定搭配be full of，含义为充满、装满，答案为of。
55．句意：这家博物馆有成千上万台相机。所给数词thousand，thousands of是固定表达，指代数量众多，此时thousand变为复数形式，答案为thousands。
56．句意：它还有一个特别的板块，介绍自19世纪80年代以来日本相机是如何发展的。所给动词develop，since the 1800s是现在完成时标识，主语Japanese cameras为复数，搭配助动词have，develop的过去分词为developed，答案为have developed。
57．句意：尽管它身处繁华的城市中心，这家博物馆却位于一个相当宁静的地方。所给名词peace，此处需要形容词修饰名词location，peace对应的形容词是peaceful，答案为peaceful。
58．句意：游客可以简单地拿起一些相机，看看过去的人们是如何使用它们的。所给形容词simple，此处用副词修饰动词短语pick up，副词形式为simply，答案为simply。
59．句意：工作人员将一些相机模型切成两半，来展示它们的内部构造。所给动词show，动词不定式作目的状语，填写to show，答案为to show。
60．句意：它是所有摄影爱好者必去的地方，所以不要错过它。前后语句构成因果关系，用并列连词so连接，答案为so。
六、第四部分，书面表达(共1小题，满分20分)
61． 假如你是张华，你的英国好友 Alex暑假将来杭州旅行。请根据以下相关信息，写一封邮件，向他推荐一处合适的地方。
注意：
1.邮件需包含所选地点的至少三点相关信息，可适当发挥；
2.文中不得出现真实姓名、学校等信息；
3.词数80词左右，邮件首句已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Alex,
Welcome to Hangzhou. I strongly suggest you visit
……
Yours,
Zhang Hua
【答案】Dear Alex,Welcome to Hangzhou. I strongly suggest you visit the West Lake. It is big and quiet. You can ride a bike around it, take photos and feed the birds. After that, walk to Leifeng Pagoda. The hill is not high, so you can reach the top easily and see the blue water. Then go to Hefang Street. Try sweet lotus root, tasty fish soup and drink green tea. The food is cheap and good. I'm sure you will have fun!
Yours,
Zhang Hua
【知识点】应用文写作；旅游观光类；书信、电子邮件
【解析】【分析】这是一篇电子邮件应用文作文，本文要求以张华的身份给英国好友Alex写一封回信，为来杭州一日旅行的Alex推荐合适的游玩地点，写作时要结合给出的两处景点信息，选取一处并用上至少三点相关内容进行拓展，文章人称以第一人称为主，时态以一般现在时为主，写作时要紧扣景点特色，语言流畅自然，字数控制在80词左右，不能出现真实个人和学校信息，同时贴合对方既喜欢优美风景又喜爱历史景点的出行需求。
【点评】本文结构清晰完整，开头开门见山直接给出景点推荐，中间依次介绍西湖风光、雷峰塔、河坊街美食等游玩内容，结尾表达美好的游玩祝愿，完整贴合写作任务要求；文章语句通顺，内容充实，景点特色介绍贴合主题，衔接自然，很好地传递了推荐理由，打动收信人，完成了推荐邀请的写作目的。
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