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(共26张PPT)
Unit 2
Understanding each other
Section 5　Extended reading & Project
Borrowed words
1. Understand the text “Borrowed words” by skimming & scanning；
2. Retell the text in your own words and write a summary of it；
3. Master the usage of some important words，phrases and sentence patterns.
Activity 1　Reading comprehension
阅读理解
1．Please read this text quickly，and finish the structure of it.
Borrowed words
reasons
process
attitudes
Welcoming
gone out of style
2．Read the text carefully and finish the exercises.
(1) What’s the tendency of borrowed words now
Borrowed words are occurring at a faster pace than before with globalization.
(2) What illusion would people have after they accepted borrowed words
People would have difficulty in distinguishing them from their native language and consider them as part of their own language.
(3) What measure did some opponents take to avoid borrowed words
In France，a special organization was officially set up to avoid them.
Ⅰ 词条讲解
1．integrate vt. & vi. (使)合并；(使)加入
【原句】Though borrowing words has become faster，the process is still complex，and it takes time before new words are integrated into everyday speech.(page 25，lines 15-16) 虽然借词已变得更快，但是过程仍然复杂，新词需要一段时间才能融入日常用语中。
Activity 2　Core vocabulary breakthrough
核心词汇突破
【拓展】
integrate vt. & vi.→integrated adj. 各部分密切协调的；综合的
→integration n. 结合；整合；一体化
integrate (sb) into/with... (使某人)融入……
integrate A into/and/with B 使A和B合并
【即学即练】单句填空
①It’s very difficult to integrate yourself ________ a society whose culture is so different from your own.
②The aim is to promote closer economic _______________(integrate).
into
integration
2．tendency n. 趋势，趋向；倾向，偏好
【原句】For better or for worse，the tendency to borrow words has never gone out of style.(page 26，lines 44-45) 不管怎样，借用外来词的趋势从未过时。
【拓展】
tendency n．→tend vt. 照看 vi. 往往会；趋向
have a tendency to do sth 有做某事的倾向
there is a(n)... tendency (for sb/sth) to do sth (某人/某物)有做某事的倾向/趋势
tend to do sth 往往会做某事
tend (to) sb 照顾某人
tend to/towards 倾向于，趋于
【即学即练】单句填空/完成句子
①It means that more heat energy tends _________________(trap) in the atmosphere，which causes the global temperature to rise.
②据报道，房价在某些城市有下降的趋势。
→It is reported that housing prices ____________________ in some cities.(tend)
→It is reported that housing prices ______________________________ in some cities.(tendency)
to be trapped
tend to decrease
have a tendency to decrease
3．slip vi. 滑倒；滑落；溜；陷入 n. 差错；纸条；滑跤 [生义] vi. (时间)悄悄逝去(away，by)；悄悄塞，偷偷放；快速穿上或脱下
【原句】When I was trying out your skateboard，I slipped.(page 27) 我在试玩你的滑板时，滑倒了。
【拓展】
slip vi. & n．→slippery adj. 滑的
slip into 溜进去；(不知不觉地)陷入
slip out of 溜走；从……中滑出
slip sb’s memory/mind被(某人)忘记
slip through one’s fingers错过；从某人指缝中溜掉
【即学即练】一词多义/完成句子
①She slipped over on the ice and broke her leg.________
②He slipped out of the jacket and tossed it on the couch.____________
③She’s made one or two slips—mainly spelling errors.________
④Paul gave me a slip with his telephone number on it.________
滑倒
快速脱下
差错
纸条
⑤养成不良的饮食习惯可能会影响人们的身心健康。
_________________ bad eating habits may affect people’s physical and mental health.
⑥我昨天本想给她打电话的，但我完全忘了。
I meant to call her yesterday，but it completely____________________ ___________.
⑦你千万不要错失这个绝佳的机会。
You mustn’t allow this golden opportunity to _____________________.
Slipping into
slipped my mind/
slip through your fingers
memory
Ⅱ 短语讲解
1. oppose doing sth反对做某事
【原句】Borrowed words are an outcome of language development that can hardly be avoided，but some language communities oppose adopting words from other cultures.(page 25，lines 24-26) 虽然外来词是语言发展几乎难以避免的结果，但是一些语言群体反对从其他文化中吸收词汇。
【拓展】
oppose vt. 反对，抵制；与……对垒→opposing adj. 对抗的；相反的
→opposed adj. 截然不同的；强烈反对的
→opposite adj. 对面的；相反的
oppose sb/sb’s doing sth 反对某人做某事
be opposed to (doing) sth 反对(做)某事；与……对立
【即学即练】单句填空/完成句子
①The local residents strongly oppose ____________(build) a chemical factory in this area.
②She seems very much opposed ______ your going abroad.
③高年级学生强烈反对受到别人的不公平对待。
The senior students are strongly opposed to ________________ unfairly by others.
building
to
being treated
2. be pessimistic about对……感到悲观
【原句】While some communities are pessimistic about the exchange between languages，there are also other communities that readily welcome borrowed words.(page 26，lines 33-34) 尽管有些群体对语言之间的互借感到悲观，但是也有其他群体对外来词持欣然欢迎的态度。
【拓展】
pessimistic adj. 悲观的，悲观主义的→pessimism n. 悲观；悲观主义→pessimist n. 悲观主义者
【即学即练】单句填空/完成句子
①He was criticised for an excessively _______________(pessimism) view of life.
②You will never succeed unless you get rid of your _____________ (pessimistic).
③医生们对他完全康复的可能性持悲观的态度。
The doctors __________________ his chances of making a full recovery.
pessimistic
pessimism
are pessimistic about
1．The longer a borrowed word has been in use，the more it sounds and even looks like the native language.(page 25，lines 22-23) 一个外来词使用的时间越长，它听起来甚至看起来就越像本土语言。
【句式分析】“the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...”结构，意为“越……，就越……”。
Activity 3　Analysis and imitation of complex sentences
长难句分析和仿写
【即学即练】仿写
①一般说来，一个运动员在赛前训练得越刻苦，他获胜的可能性就越大。
Generally speaking，the harder an athlete trains before a match，the more likely he will win.
②问题越难，他回答出来的可能性就越小。
The more difficult the questions are，the less likely he is able to answer them.
2．It is also through those words that novel ideas are spread and different beliefs are exchanged more conveniently and quickly.(page 26，lines 40-42) 也正是通过那些词，新思想的传播、不同观点的交流得以更加便捷。
【句式分析】本句是强调句，强调介词短语through those words。强调句的基本结构为“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分”。强调句去掉It is/was... that/who... 后，句子仍完整；定语从句去掉从句后，主句可能不完整或表意不明。比较：It was at the party that we first met. /It was the party where we first met.
【即学即练】仿写
①我正是在中国认识了汤姆。
It was in China that I got to know Tom.
②直到第二天，我才得知事情的真相。
It was not until the next day that I learned the truth.
Every language has borrowed words. It 1. __________(say) that English has borrowed words from more than 300 different languages. Chinese has also borrowed words from English，such as “bacon” and “golf”．
Word borrowing 2. ______(come) about when two cultures with different languages interact. With the rapid development of 3. _________________ (globalize) and communications technology，different cultures interact 4. ___________________(frequent) and get closer together. Words are more likely 5. _______________(borrow) from the source language at a faster pace.
Activity 4　Summary
课文概要
is said
comes
globalization
more frequently
to be borrowed
Though borrowing words has become faster，the process is still complex，and it takes time before new words are integrated 6. ________ everyday speech.
There are two attitudes towards borrowed words among language 7. _____________(community). For example，the English-speaking community 8. ___________(ready) welcomes borrowed words 9. _________ the French official linguistic organization is careful about borrowed words in order to keep French pure.
As the linguist Edward Sapir says，“It would be difficult to point to a completely 10. ____________(isolate) language...”
into
communities
readily
while
isolated
1. Suppose that 50% of the Chinese vocabulary were borrowed from English. How would communication change Would this be beneficial or harmful
One possible answer: If half of the Chinese vocabulary were borrowed words，daily speech might become a hybrid，like saying，“Wǒ yào order yí ge burger.” While this could make international communication easier，it might erase traditional terms like “包子”. Some see this as enriching Chinese，but others fear it would weaken cultural identity.
2. Finish the exercises on pages 20-24 of Exercise book.
Assignment
作业

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