【期末考点培优】专题08 句型转换-2025-2026学年八年级下册英语期末复习考点培优冀教版(新教材)(含答案解析)

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【期末考点培优】专题08 句型转换-2025-2026学年八年级下册英语期末复习考点培优冀教版(新教材)(含答案解析)

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/ 让学习更有效 期末备考培优 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末备考培优 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级下册英语期末复习考点培优冀教版(新教材)
专题08 句型转换
学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________
1.The book is interesting. I bought the book yesterday on the internet. (用定语从句改写句子)
_________________________________________________.
2.The woman is my aunt. She wears a pair of white shoes. (用定语从句改写句子)
_________________________________________________
3.I spent two hours reading the book.(改为同义句)
It ________ me two hours ________ read the book.
4.He wrote the novel two years ago.(改为被动语态)
The novel ________ ________ by him two years ago.
5.We can learn about history from literature.(改为一般疑问句)
________ we ________ about history from literature
6.We should protect the environment. (用It’s necessary that…改写句子)
It’s necessary that we ________ the environment.
7.We must wear school uniforms on Monday.(改为一般疑问句)
________ we ________ school uniforms on Monday
8.She likes reading novels.(改为否定句)
She ________ ________ reading novels.
9.My elder sister has already finished her homework.(改为否定句)
My elder sister ________ her homework ________.
10.He invented a new type of robot last year.(改为否定句)
He ________ ________ a new type of robot last year.
11.The invention of the steam engine made travel faster.(改为一般疑问句)
________ the invention of the steam engine ________ travel faster
12.She has to finish her homework before dinner.(改为否定句)
She ________ ________ to finish her homework before dinner.
13.He plays basketball after school. (改为一般疑问句)
________ he ________ basketball after school
14.We must wear uniforms at school.(改为一般疑问句)
________ we ________ uniforms at school
15.I can swim in the river. (改为一般疑问句)
________ you ________ in the river
16.Tom goes to school by bike every day. (用now改为现在进行时)
Tom ________ ________ to school by bike now.
17.The children are playing happily in the park. (改为否定句)
The children ________ ________ happily in the park.
18.It often rains in spring here. (改为一般疑问句)
________ it often ________ in spring here
19.The weather is warm and sunny. (用what改为感叹句)
________ ________ and sunny weather it is!
20.The kitchen is the most dangerous place in the house. (改为否定句)
The kitchen ________ the most dangerous place in the house.
21.Spring is a beautiful season. (改为感叹句)
________ ________ beautiful season spring is!
22.The US basketball team won the gold medal at the 1992 Olympics.(改为现在完成时)
The US basketball team ________ ________ the gold medal since the 1992 Olympics.
23.The giant built a high wall around his garden.(改为一般疑问句)
________ the giant ________ a high wall around his garden
24.Li Ming likes ping-pong.(改为否定句)
Li Ming ________ ________ ping-pong.
25.The Olympic rings symbolise the unity of the continents.(改为一般疑问句)
________ the Olympic rings ________ the unity of the continents
26.I saw him play football after school.(改为被动语态)
He ________ ________ by me ________ ________ football after school.
27.The manager used food delivery robots to reduce the cost.(改为被动语态)
Food delivery robots ________ ________ to reduce the cost ________ the manager.
28.Tea was grown on the hillside by the farmers last year.(改为主动语态)
The farmers ________ tea on the hillside last year.
29.Our way of life is changed by some new ways of shopping.(改为否定句)
Our way of life ________ ________ by some new ways of shopping.
30.The teacher makes students learn to cook and do housework.(改为被动语态)
Students ________ ________ ________ learn to cook and do housework by the teacher.
31.The park near our school is built by workers. (改为一般疑问句)
________ the park near our school ________ by workers
32.People grow rice in many southern provinces. (改为被动语态)
Rice ________ ________ in many southern provinces ________ people.
33.Hotels pay the workers to pick up the rubbish. (改为被动语态)
The workers ________ ________ by hotels to pick up the rubbish.
34.It is important to be honest.(感叹句)
________ ________ it is to be honest!
35.He makes noise in class.(改为否定句)
He ________ ________ noise in class.
36.He won the game yesterday. (否定句)
He ________ ________ the game yesterday.
37.They will have a sports meet next week. (一般疑问句)
________ they ________ a sports meet next week
38.It’s important to follow rules. (改为感叹句)
________ ________ it is to follow rules!
39.He likes science fiction. (改为否定句)
He ________ ________ science fiction.
40.She has read the book already. (改为否定句)
She ________ ________ the book yet.
41.The computer is a useful invention. (改为感叹句)
________ ________ the computer is!
42.They built a new library last year. (改为一般疑问句)
________ they ________ a new library last year
43.The flood washed away the village. (否定句)
The flood ________ ________ away the village.
44.We played basketball in the gym yesterday.(用at 8 o’clock yesterday改写)
We ________ ________ basketball in the gym at 8 o’clock yesterday.
45.They are preparing for the exam.(一般疑问句)
________ they preparing for the exam
46.We will hold a sports meeting in our school next month.(改为被动语态)
A sports meeting ________ ________ ________ in our school next month.
47.The boy is running on the playground. He is my brother. (合并为定语从句)
The boy ________ ________ running on the playground is my brother.
48.He can play football very well.(改为一般过去时)
He ________ ________ football very well when he was a student.
49.Tom won the 400-meter race in the school sports meet last week.(改为否定句)
Tom ________ ________ the 400-meter race in the school sports meet last week.
50.We should follow the rules. (改为一般疑问句)
________ we ________ the rules
51.We must throw rubbish everywhere.(改为否定祈使句)
________ ________ rubbish everywhere.
52.The girl won the tennis match. She is from Class 4. (合并为定语从句)
The girl ________ ________ from Class 4 won the tennis match.
53.Jeremy raised his glass in the air. (改为被动语态)
______________________________________________________________
54.People discovered pasteurization in the 19th century. (改为被动语态)
______________________________________________________________
55.The process kills harmful bacteria. (改为被动语态)
______________________________________________________________
56.People heat milk to kill harmful bacteria. (改为被动语态)
______________________________________________________________
57.Louis Pasteur invented Pasteurization in 1864. (改为被动语态)
______________________________________________________________
58.The photo attracted me. (改为被动语态)
______________________________________________________
59.People use the internet everywhere now. (改为被动语态)
______________________________________________________
60.A famous writer wrote the book. (改为被动语态)
______________________________________________________
61.People take many photos on mobile phones now. (改为被动语态)
______________________________________________________
62.The coins were given by Mary’s grandfather. She used them to learn the violin. (合并为含定语从句的复合句)
The coins ________ Mary used to learn the violin were given by her grandfather.
63.The paper money is called jiaozi. It appeared in Chengdu in 1023. (合并为含定语从句的复合句)
The paper money ________ is called jiaozi appeared in Chengdu in 1023.
64.The violinist taught Mary happily. Mary offered him all the coins.(合并为含定语从句的复合句)
The violinist ________ Mary offered all the coins taught her happily.
65.Mary became a famous violinist. She saved all her coins to learn the violin. (合并为含定语从句的复合句)
Mary, ________ saved all her coins to learn the violin, became a famous violinist.
66.Money is a medium of exchange. We can trade it for goods and services. (合并为含定语从句的复合句)
Money is a medium of exchange ________ we can trade for goods and services.
67.The book is interesting. I bought the book yesterday. (合并为含定语从句的复合句)
The book ________ I bought yesterday is interesting.
68.There are many things. They are even more valuable than money. (合并为含定语从句的复合句)
There are many things ________ are even more valuable than money.
69.All the students left the building in order. (改为一般疑问句)
________ all the students ________ the building in order
70.Earthquakes can cause dangerous waves. The waves appear suddenly near the sea. (合并为含定语从句的复合句)
Earthquakes can cause dangerous waves ________ appear suddenly near the sea.
71.We should stay calm when an earthquake happens.(改为祈使句)
________ ________ when an earthquake happens.
72.Get under a table or a bed if you are inside during an earthquake.(改为否定句)
________ ________ under a table or a bed if you are inside during an earthquake.
73.Typhoons are very dangerous. We should stay indoors during a typhoon.(合并为一句)
Typhoons are very dangerous, ________ we should stay indoors during a typhoon.
74.Gillian gave the one thousand dollars to Miss Hayden.(改为一般疑问句)
________ Gillian ________ the one thousand dollars to Miss Hayden
75.Gillian was happy. He left the office singing a song.(合并为一句)
Gillian left the office singing a song, ________ ________ happy.
76.Floods can hurt a lot of people. (改为被动语态)
A lot of people ________ ________ hurt by floods.
77.Wildfires are big, out-of-control fires. They happen in forests. (合并为含定语从句的复合句)
Wildfires are big, out-of-control fires ________ happen in forests.
78.The largest earthquake in Japan caused serious destruction. (改为一般疑问句)
________ the largest earthquake in Japan ________ serious destruction
79.Secondary disasters are even more dangerous. They create more damage. (合并为含原因状语从句的复合句)
Secondary disasters are even more dangerous ________ they create more damage.
80.The pen is on the desk. You want it. (合并为含定语从句的复合句)
The pen ________ you want is on the desk.
/ 让学习更有效 期末备考培优 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末备考培优 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1.The book that I bought yesterday on the internet is interesting./The book which I bought yesterday on the internet is interesting.
【解析】句意:这本书很有趣。我昨天在网上买了这本书。合并为定语从句时,将第二句作为定语从句修饰第一句中的The book,关系代词用that或which指代物,在从句中作bought的宾语。主句谓语is interesting置于从句后。
2.The woman who/that wears a pair of white shoes is my aunt.
【解析】句意:这个女人是我的姑姑,她穿着一双白鞋。本题考查定语从句的合并。先行词是The woman,指人,可用关系代词who/that引导定语从句,指代先行词并在从句中作主语;合并时,将从句“who/that wears a pair of white shoes”放在先行词The woman之后,主句剩余部分“is my aunt”放在从句后面,结构为:先行词+关系代词引导的从句+主句谓语。
3.took to
【解析】句意:我花了两小时读这本书。“spend time doing sth.”(花费时间做某事)的同义结构是“it takes sb. time to do sth.”,原句是一般过去时,“take”要用过去式“took”,符合同义句转换的语法规则。故填took;to。
4.was written
【解析】句意:两年前,他写了这部小说。句子为一般过去时,被动语态的结构为was/were + 动词过去分词;主语为The novel,是可数名词单数形式,故be动词用was,write的过去分词形式为written。故填was written。
5.Can learn
【解析】句意:我们可以从文学中了解历史。根据一般疑问句的变化,当句子中有情态动词can时,直接将can提到句首,其余部分不变,首字母大写,句尾用问号。故填Can;learn。
6.protect
【解析】句意:我们应该保护环境。题目要求用It’s necessary that…改写句子,即将句子改写成一个含有主语从句的复合句,that引导的主语从句需要使用虚拟语气,结构为“(should)+动词原形”,其中should可以省略,因此,此处填动词原形protect。
7.Must wear
【解析】句意:我们周一必须穿校服。原句含情态动词must,含情态动词的句子变一般疑问句,只需将情态动词提到句首,动词形式保持不变。
8.doesn’t like
【解析】句意:她喜欢读小说。原句是一般现在时,主语“she”是第三人称单数,变否定句时,需要在实义动词“likes”前加助动词“doesn’t”(“do not”的第三人称单数形式),助动词后要跟动词原形,所以“likes”变回“like”。故填doesn’t;like。
9.hasn’t finished yet
【解析】句意:我的姐姐已经完成了作业。原句“My elder sister has already finished her homework.”使用了现在完成时。在将其改为否定句时,需在助动词has后加not,构成“hasn’t/has not+过去分词”结构。同时,原句中的标志词already常用于肯定句,在否定句中需改为yet并置于句末。
10.didn’t invent
【解析】句意:他去年发明了一种新型机器人。原句是一般过去时,变否定句需要借助助动词didn’t,后面的动词要用原形。动词invented的原形是invent。
11.Did make
【解析】句意:蒸汽机的发明使旅行变得更快捷。原句为一般过去时,改为一般疑问句需要借助助动词Did,同时动词要使用原形,原句中made是make的过去式,所以要变回原形make。故填Did;make。
12.doesn’t have
【解析】句意:她不必在晚饭前完成作业。原句是一般现在时,主语She是第三人称单数,has to的否定形式需要借助助动词doesn’t,同时has要变回原形have。
13.Does play
【解析】句意:他放学后打篮球。时态是一般现在时,主语是he,谓语动词是plays,一般疑问句中,将助动词Does置于句首,谓语动词用原形play。故填Does;play。
14.Must wear
【解析】句意:我们在学校必须穿校服。陈述句中有情态动词must,变一般疑问句时,将must提到主语前面,后面的动词wear保持原形,所以第一空填Must,第二空填wear。
15.Can swim
【解析】句意:我能在河里游泳。本题考查含情态动词can的陈述句变一般疑问句,变疑问句时需将情态动词can提前至句首,句中实义动词用原形。故填Can;swim。
16.is going
【解析】句意:汤姆现在正在骑自行车去上学。原句是一般现在时,表示习惯性动作。用now改为现在进行时,结构为be+现在分词:主语Tom是第三人称单数,be动词用is;动词go的现在分词是going。
17.aren’t playing
【解析】句意:孩子们正在公园里开心地玩耍。现在进行时的结构是主语 + be动词 + doing + 其他。 变否定句时,直接在be动词后面加not即可,其余部分不改变。原句be动词为are,否定变为aren’t,playing不改变。
18.Does rain
【解析】句意:这里的春天经常下雨。改为一般疑问句,句子时态为一般现在时,主语“it”是第三人称单数,需用助动词“Does”置于句首,后面的实义动词还原为原形rain。
19.What warm
【解析】句意:天气温暖且晴朗。原句描述了天气的状态,在改为感叹句时,根据感叹句结构“What+(a/an)+形容词+可数名词单数/不可数名词+主语+谓语!” ,这里“weather”是不可数名词,所以不需要加“a/an”,用“what”来引导感叹句,后面直接接形容词“warm”来修饰“weather”,表达“多么温暖且晴朗的天气啊”。
20.isn’t
【解析】句意:厨房是房子里最危险的地方。原句中“is”是关键词,表明时态为一般现在时,且谓语为be动词,改为否定句时,直接在be动词“is”后加否定词“not”,缩写为“isn’t”。
21.What a
【解析】句意:春天是多么美丽的季节啊!原句是陈述句,改为以beautiful season为中心的感叹句,结构为What a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语;beautiful以辅音音素开头,搭配不定冠词a;句首首字母大写。
22.has won
【解析】句意:美国篮球队在1992年奥运会上获得金牌。现在完成时的结构为“have/has+动词过去分词”;主语“The US basketball team”为单数第三人称,助动词用has;win的过去分词为won。
23.Did build
【解析】句意:巨人在他的花园周围建了一堵高墙吗?原句为一般过去时的陈述句,谓语是实义动词built。变一般疑问句时,需在句首加助动词 Did,同时将过去式 built 还原为动词原形 build,其余部分语序不变。故填Did; build。
24.doesn’t like
【解析】句意:李明喜欢乒乓球。原句为一般现在时,主语Li Ming是第三人称单数,改为否定句需要借助助动词does的否定形式doesn’t,助动词后谓语动词要还原为原形like。
25.Do symbolise
【解析】句意:奥运五环象征着各大洲的团结。原句是陈述句,谓语动词“symbolise”是实义动词的第三人称复数形式。改为一般疑问句时,需借助助动词do,置于句首,首字母大写;谓语动词恢复原形symbolise。
26.was seen to play
【解析】句意:我看见他放学后踢足球。原句为一般过去时,感官动词see后接省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,改为被动语态时,需还原不定式符号to。主语He是动作的承受者,助动词用was,谓语动词saw改为过去分词seen。
27.were used by
【解析】句意:经理使用送餐机器人来降低成本。原句为一般过去时,改为被动语态时,主语Food delivery robots是动作的承受者,且为复数,助动词用were,谓语动词used改为过去分词used,动作执行者前加介词by。
28.grew
【解析】句意:去年茶是农民们在山坡上种植的。原句为一般过去时的被动语态,改为主动语态时,主语改为The farmers,谓语动词用过去式grew,宾语tea保持不变。
29.isn’t changed
【解析】句意:我们的生活方式被一些新的购物方式所改变。原句是一般现在时的被动语态,含有be动词is,改为否定句时,只需在is后加not,is not可缩写为isn’t,后仍接过去分词changed。
30.are made to
【解析】句意:老师让学生学习做饭和做家务。原句中含“make sb do sth”结构,变为被动语态时,需要还原动词不定式的“to”,即 be made to do sth;又根据“makes”可知,时态为一般现在时,且主语“Students”是复数形式,所以此处be动词要用are。故填are;made;to。
31.Is built
【解析】句意:我们学校附近的这个公园是由工人们建造的。原句中“is built”是关键词,表示一般现在时的被动语态结构。改为一般疑问句时,需将be动词“is”提前至句首,后面接动词的过去分词“built”保持不变。注意句首大写故填Is;built。
32.is grown by
【解析】句意:人们在许多南方省份种植水稻。原句是一般现在时的主动语态,改为被动语态仍用一般现在时,结构为:am/is/are+过去分词,主语Rice是不可数名词,视为单数,所以第一空用is,第二空填grow的过去分词grown;people是动作的执行者,在被动句中需要用介词by引出。故填is; grown; by。
33.are paid
【解析】句意:酒店付钱请工人捡垃圾。原句改为被动语态,即“工人们被酒店付钱来捡垃圾”。根据“pay”可知,时态是一般现在时,故此处是一般现在时的被动语态,结构是be done。主语The workers是第三人称复数,故用are,pay用其过去分词形式paid。
34.How important
【解析】句意:诚实是很重要的 。英语中感叹句常见的两种结构为:“What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语!”和“How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语!”。 原句“It is important to be honest.”要改为感叹句,根据所给的填空形式以及感叹句结构可知,这里是“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语!”的结构。所以用“How”来引导感叹句,突出“important”,即“How important it is to be honest!” 。因此①处填“How”,②处填“important”。
35.doesn’t make
【解析】句意:他在课堂上制造噪音。谓语动词是makes且主语是he,变否定句时要借助于助动词doesn’t,谓语动词变原形,应填doesn’t;make。
36.didn’t win
【解析】句意:他昨天赢了比赛。句子是一般过去时的肯定句,谓语动词是实义动词,改为否定句要借助助动词did,didn’t放在实义动词前,实义动词改为原形,won的原形是win。
37.Will have
【解析】句意:他们下周将举行运动会。原句为一般将来时的陈述句,改为一般疑问句时,将助动词Will提到句首且大写,后接主语they和动词原形have。
38.How important
【解析】句意:遵守规则很重要。改为感叹句,感叹形容词“important”要用“How”引导,结构为“How+形容词+主语+谓语”。
39.doesn’t like
【解析】句意:他喜欢科幻小说。原句为陈述句,时态为一般现在时。主语He是第三人称单数,谓语动词为likes。改为否定句时,需借助助动词does的否定形式doesn’t,后接动词原形。likes的原形为like。
40.hasn’t read
【解析】句意:她已经读完那本书了。原句时态为现在完成时,结构为“has + 过去分词”。改为否定句需在助动词has后加not,缩写为hasn’t,过去分词read保持不变。
41.How useful
【解析】句意:电脑是一项有用的发明。原句为陈述句,核心信息是useful(形容词),需用How来引导感叹句, 结构为“How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语!”。故填How;useful。
42.Did build
【解析】句意:他们去年建了一个新图书馆。含有实义动词的一般过去时陈述句改为一般疑问句时,需借助助动词Did置于句首,同时将句中的实义动词还原为原形,即Did+主语+动词原形+其他?故填Did;build。
43.didn’t wash
【解析】句意:洪水冲走了这个村庄。由实义动词washed的形式可判定此句为一般过去时,含实义动词的句子变否定句,需要在实义动词前加助动词didn’t或did not,动词需要变回原形,因空格为两个,所以空格处写为didn’t;wash。
44.were playing
【解析】句意:我们昨天在体育馆打篮球了。原句为一般过去时,at 8 o’clock yesterday表示过去具体时间点,需用过去进行时,结构为was/were + 现在分词;主语We为复数,故用were playing。
45.Are
【解析】句意:他们正在为考试准备。将现在进行时改为一般疑问句,需要把be动词提前,Are符合句意。
46.will be held
【解析】句意:我们下个月将在我们学校举办一场运动会。要将句子改为被动语态。句子为一般将来时,对应的被动语态的结构为will + be + 动词过去分词,hold的过去分词形式为held。
47.who/that is
【解析】句意:那个男孩正在操场上跑步。他是我哥哥。此处可以将第二句改为定语从句修饰先行词The boy,先行词是人且在从句中作主语,可以用who/that引导定语从句,从句的谓语部分是is running,与先行词保持一致。
48.could play
【解析】句意:他当学生的时候足球踢得很好。题干要求将原句“He can play football very well.”改为一般过去时,且结合后半句“when he was a student”(过去时间状语),提示动作发生在过去。can的过去式为could,情态动词后接动词原形play。
49.didn’t win
【解析】句意:汤姆上周在学校运动会上赢得了400米比赛。对一般过去式进行否定,需要用didn’t + 动词原形。won的原形为win。
50.Should follow
【解析】句意:我们应该遵守规则。句中含有情态动词“should”,需将“should”提至句首,首字母大写,谓语动词follow保持原形不变。
51.Don’t throw
【解析】句意:我们必须到处扔垃圾。分析原句可知,该句改为否定祈使句,直接在句首加 Don’t,且去掉We must,且动词throw保持原形。
52.who/that is
【解析】句意:这个女孩赢得了网球比赛。她来自四班。合并为定语从句,先行词是The girl,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,用who/that引导定语从句;从句谓语动词是“is” ,与先行词保持一致。
53.Jeremy’s glass was raised in the air.
【解析】句意:杰里米把杯子举到空中。 原句为一般过去时,被动语态结构为was/were+过去分词,主语Jeremy’s glass为单数,be动词用was,raise的过去分词是raised,in the air“在空中”,作状语。
54.Pasteurization was discovered in the 19th century.
【解析】句意:人们在19世纪发现了巴氏消毒法。原句为一般过去时主动语态,主语是People,谓语discovered,宾语pasteurization。改为被动语态时,将宾语pasteurization变为主语,谓语变为was discovered(be动词的过去式+过去分词),原主语people为泛指,可以省略。时间状语in the 19th century保持不变。
55.Harmful bacteria are killed by the process.
【解析】句意:这个过程杀死有害细菌。原句主语是the process,改为被动语态后动作承受者harmful bacteria作主语,为复数,被动语态结构为are+过去分词,kill的过去分词是killed,by后接动作执行者the process.
56.Milk is heated to kill harmful bacteria.
【解析】改为被动语态核心结构:be+过去分词,且原句的宾语(动作承受者)要变成主语。原句中People(主语),heat(谓语动词,一般现在时),milk(宾语),to kill harmful bacteria(目的状语,这部分在改写时通常保留不变),因此“milk”应成为被动句的主语;原句是一般现在时所以被动语态也要保持一般现在时;主语“milk”是不可数名词,后面be动词用is,动词heat的过去分词是heated,“by people”可省略(因为泛指人们不是重点),目的状语部分保留。故填Milk is heated to kill harmful bacteria.
57.Pasteurization was invented by Louis Pasteur in 1864.
【解析】句意:路易斯·巴斯德在1864年发明了巴氏杀菌法。原句为一般过去时,被动语态结构为was/were+过去分词,主语pasteurization为单数,be动词用was,invent的过去分词是invented,by后接动作执行者Louis Pasteur,时间状语in 1864不变。
58.I was attracted by the photo.
【解析】句意:这张照片吸引了我。原句是一般过去时,改为一般过去时态的被动语态,结构是“was/were+过去分词”,并且将原句的主语“The photo”改为宾语,原句的宾语“me”改为主语“I”,be动词用was。故填I was attracted by the photo.
59.The internet is used everywhere now.
【解析】句意:现在人们到处使用互联网。原句为一般现在时主动语态,主语People,宾语the internet;改为被动语态时,将宾语the internet变为主语,谓语变为“be + 过去分词”,主语The internet为单数,be动词用is,use的过去分词为used。此处省略by people,因为在被动语态中,当动作执行者为泛指或不重要时 (如people表示“人们”),可以省略不写,不影响句意表达。
60.The book was written by a famous writer.
【解析】句意:一位著名作家写了这本书。原句为主动语态,主语A famous writer,谓语wrote(过去式),宾语the book改为被动语态时,将原宾语the book变为主语(首字母大写),谓语改为“be + 过去分词”形式,原句为一般过去时,主语the book是单数,因此be动词用was,write的过去分词为written,原主语a famous writer前加by置于句尾,句尾加句号。
61.Many photos are taken on mobile phones now.
【解析】句意:现在人们用手机拍摄很多照片。一般现在时被动语态为“am/is/are + 过去分词”。原句宾语many photos作主语,为复数,be动词用are;take的过去分词是taken。
62.that/which
【解析】句意:这些硬币是玛丽的爷爷给她的。她用这些钱去学小提琴。先行词The coins指物,在定语从句中作动词used的宾语,关系代词可用which/that。
63.that/which
【解析】句意:这种纸币叫做交子。它于1023年出现在成都。原句中的It指代The paper money,合并为定语从句时用关系代词which或that引导,指代先行词The paper money,在从句中作主语。
64.whom
【解析】句意:小提琴手开心地教玛丽。玛丽把所有的硬币都给了他。先行词是The violinist,指人,且在定语从句Mary offered all the coins中作宾语,因此用关系代词whom。故填whom。
65.who
【解析】句意:玛丽成了一名著名的小提琴手。她攒下所有的钱来学习小提琴。 考查定语从句。先行词是Mary,指人,且在非限制性定语从句中作主语,因此用关系代词who引导该定语从句。
66.that/which
【解析】句意:货币是一种交换媒介。我们可以用它来交换商品和服务。原句中的it指代Money,合并为定语从句时用关系代词which或that引导,指代先行词Money,在从句中作trade的宾语。
67.that/which
【解析】句意:我昨天买的那本书很有趣。本题要求合并为含定语从句的复合句。先行词“The book”指物,在定语从句中作动词“bought”的宾语,故可用关系代词“that”或“which”引导,也可省略。
68.that/which
【解析】句意:有很多事情。它们甚至比金钱更有价值。题目要求合并两个句子为定语从句,先行词是many things,指代物,且关系词需要在定语从句中作主语,因此可以用关系代词that或which,二者都符合语法要求。
69.Did leave
【解析】句意:所有学生有序地离开了大楼 。原句“All the students left the building in order.”是一个一般过去时的陈述句,句中谓语动词“left”是实义动词leave的过去式。将其改为一般疑问句时,需要借助助动词did,把did放在句首,首字母大写“Did”,原句中的实义动词left要还原为动词原形leave。
70.that/which
【解析】句意:地震会引起危险的海浪。这些海浪会突然出现在海边。先行词dangerous waves指物,关系词在从句中作主语,可用“that”或“which”。
71.Stay calm
【解析】句意:地震发生时我们应该保持冷静。原句含有情态动词“should”,表示建议。改为祈使句时,直接以动词原形“stay”开头,后接形容词“calm”,省略主语“We”和情态动词“should”。注意句首首字母要大写。
72.Don’t get
【解析】句意:如果地震时你在室内,就躲到桌子或床底下。原句是一个祈使句,祈使句变否定句通常是在动词原形前加Don’t。原句的动词原形是get,所以否定句为Don’t get。
73.so
【解析】台风非常危险,所以台风期间我们应该待在室内。原句两句话是因果逻辑:前一句 “台风很危险”是原因,后一句“我们应该待在室内”是结果。表示因果关系、用于连接两个完整句子的连词是so,意为“所以、因此”,符合句子逻辑和语法要求。
74.Did give
【解析】句意:Gillian把那一千美元给了Hayden小姐。原句是一般过去时的陈述句,谓语动词“gave”是实义动词的过去式。改为一般疑问句时,需借助助动词“did”,置于句首,首字母大写;谓语动词恢复原形“give”。
75.feeling very
【解析】句意:吉莉安离开办公室时唱着歌,感觉非常高兴。合并后的句子中,主句为“Gillian left the office singing a song”,其后用现在分词短语feeling very happy补充说明主语的状态(感到非常高兴),相当于“and he felt very happy”。原句“was happy”转换为分词结构时,去掉be动词,happy前用very表示程度。
76.can be
【解析】句意:洪水会伤害很多人。原句中含有情态动词can,其被动语态结构是“情态动词+be+过去分词”。动词hurt的过去分词还是hurt,所以此处应填can be。
77.that/which
【解析】句意:野火是大型的、失控的火灾。它们发生在森林里。合并为定语从句,先行词是fires,指事物,在从句中作主语,关系代词用that或which。
78.Did cause
【解析】
句意:日本最大的那次地震造成了严重的破坏。原句是一般过去时的陈述句,谓语动词“caused”是实义动词的过去式。改为一般疑问句时,需借助助动词“did”,置于句首,首字母大写;谓语动词恢复原形“cause”。
79.because
【解析】句意:次生灾害更加危险。它们造成更多的破坏。后句“它们造成更多的破坏”是前句“次生灾害更加危险”的原因,因此用从属连词“because”连接,表示“因为”。
80.that/which
【解析】句意:这支钢笔在桌子上。你想要它。合并为定语从句,先行词为the pen,单数事物,在从句中作want的宾语,可用that/which。
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