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/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级下册英语期末鲁教版（五四学制）全真模拟培优卷
注意事项：
1．本试卷共七大题，满分120分（不含听力口语30分），考试用时100分钟；
2．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考点名称、考场号、座位号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在相对应的位置上，并认真核对条形码上的准考号、姓名是否与本人的相符合；
3．答选择题必须用2B铅笔把对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在指定的位置上，不在答题区域内的答案一律无效，不得用其他笔答题。
第一部分 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格的最佳答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
Wu Yize is a 22-year-old snooker (斯诺克台球) player from Lanzhou, China. In early May, 2026, he 1 the world by becoming the World Snooker Champion in the UK, as few people had expected such a young player to win. He beat a famous English player 2 a close score of 18:17 and became the first player born after 2000 to win this great title.
Wu’s journey to success was far from 3 . He fell in love with snooker at the age of seven and has since kept practicing hard every day. Sometimes he spent over eight hours just hitting balls. When he was still a teenager, he moved to the UK with his father to get better training. Life there was 4 than they had expected. They lived in a tiny rented room and often struggled with language and money problems. 5 they were under great pressure, they never gave up.
To 6 Wu’s dream, his father even left his own job. Wu knew his parents paid much for him, so he trained much harder than before. Even when he lost matches, he still believed in himself. He always learned from every failure instead of losing 7 .
Wu said he could not succeed without his parents’ love and support. They had given up 8 for his dream—their home, savings, and years of comfort. Many young people 9 him now because of his strong spirit and determination. His story tells us that as long as we stick to our dreams and work hard, we can 10 make them come true.
1．A．influenced B．shocked C．introduced D．reminded
2．A．with B．in C．for D．from
3．A．meaningful B．special C．easy D．difficult
4．A．more challenging B．more comfortable C．more convenient D．more peaceful
5．A．Although B．Since C．Because D．If
6．A．help B．support C．protect D．forget
7．A．interest B．confidence C．energy D．direction
8．A．everything B．something C．nothing D．anything
9．A．take care of B．depend on C．look up to D．hear from
10．A．never B．sometimes C．seldom D．always
第二部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
As young people, many of us dream of becoming “somebody” when we grow up. However, without enough strength or help, we often feel far from this dream. Sometimes, we even have strange thoughts: Should we just give up and “lie flat (tangping)” instead The little pig monster (怪兽) and his three friends from the popular animated movie Nobody would say no.
Their story cheered and inspired a large number of people across China. The four small, nameless monsters pretend to be the famous group of four heroes from Journey to the West. They leave Langlang Mountain and start their own journey. Along the way, many other monsters laugh at their dreams. But the little pig monster and his friends don’t lose heart. They keep fighting “bad guys” and try to live in their own way.
Some people say Nobody is not just a movie—it’s more like a mirror. In real life, many common people also choose to keep following their dreams, even when they face big challenges.
Pang Zhongwang is one of them. Now he is an excellent student at Tsinghua University. But 27 years ago, he was born into a poor family and was just a “nobody” in a small village in Hebei. His mother was disabled (残疾的) and unable to work. His father suffered from a serious mental (精神的) illness. Even with all these problems, Pang, under the influence of his mother, grew up to be positive. He started to take care of his family when he was young. Deep down, this “nobody” also dreamed of becoming “somebody”. With hard work, he always got great grades in school. In 2017, he caught national attention with his gaokao score of 684 out of 750.
Pang is luckier than the four monsters in Nobody. He makes his dream of becoming “somebody” come true. The little pig monster and his friends, however, didn’t succeed in their journey. But now many people remember their courage. In some ways, they have also become “somebodies”.
Now, what will you do with your big dreams Clearly, if you “lie flat”, you’ll stay a “nobody”. We wish you good luck as you try to leave your own “Langlang Mountain” and follow your dreams!
11．What do the four little monsters do when other monsters laugh at their dreams
A．They feel sad about it. B．They give up and “lie flat”.
C．They become less confident. D．They try to live in their own way.
12．How does the writer explain that Nobody is more like a mirror in real life
A．By listing numbers. B．By drawing a picture of a mirror.
C．By giving an example of Pang. D．By introducing a classic.
13．What challenges made Pang Zhongwang just a poor “nobody”
①He was born into a poor family.
②He worked hard to shoulder his family duties.
③His mother was disabled and unable to work.
④He achieved high grades in school.
⑤His father had a serious mental illness.
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③⑤ D．②④⑤
14．What does the underlined phrase “Langlang Mountain” refer to
A．The little pig monster. B．The mountain in the movie Nobody.
C．The success that we achieved finally. D．The difficulties that stop us being “somebodies”.
15．Which of the following can we infer from the passage
A．“Lie flat” will keep people away from realizing their big dreams.
B．Pang Zhongwang’s mother’s illness had no influence on his growth.
C．The four little monsters in Nobody will surely achieve their dream of becoming famous.
D．All common people with the spirit of holding on to their dreams can become “somebodies” easily.
B
In Lancang, Yunnan, there is a beautiful place called Laodabao Village. A group of Lahu people who are good at singing and dancing live there. Li Naluo is one of them. She was honoured as “The Most Beautiful Female Striver (最美巾帼奋斗者)” in 2025.
Born in 1983, Li grew up with music and dance. Her father, Li Shikai, is an inheritor (传承人) of the Lahu Lusheng Dance. Influenced by her father, Li learned to play the guitar and sing at the age of 13. She also started writing songs at the age of 16.
In 2005, Li joined the Ya’e Art Group and became the heart of the group. Under her influence, more than 100 villagers learned to play the guitar, sing and perform. Then Li led the villagers out of the village and brought Lahu songs and dances to big cities. As there were more and more performance chances, Li had an idea: Why not use our talents to improve lives In 2013, she started a singing company. All families in the village joined as members. They performed at festivals and on TV. Then they shared the money they made.
Li also cares about the women in her village. She started workshops to teach women in her village to weave brocade (织锦). Then she helped them take orders and sell brocade products. This not only helps to preserve the Lahu clothing culture but also helps women in difficulties improve their lives.
Today, Li still works hard every day in Laodabao. She wants to keep the Lahu traditions alive and help her village grow.
16．What kind of honour did Li Naluo get
A．The Most Beautiful Teacher. B．The Best Musician.
C．The Most Moving Musician. D．The Most Beautiful Female Striver.
17．When did Li Naluo learn to play the guitar and sing
A．In 1983. B．In 1996. C．In 1999. D．In 2005.
18．What is the correct order according to the text
① Li Naluo joined the Ya’e Art Group.
② Li started writing songs at the age of 16.
③ Li started a singing company to use villagers’ talents for better lives.
④ Li set up workshops to teach women to weave brocade.
A．②-①-③-④ B．②-③-④-① C．①-②-④-③ D．③-④-②-①
19．Which of the following words can best describe Li Naluo according to the text
A．Friendly and humorous. B．Honest and quiet.
C．Creative and warm-hearted. D．Patient and impolite.
20．What can we learn from the text
A．A Lahu woman learns guitar from her mother and writes many songs.
B．A Lahu woman leads students in her village to perform in big cities.
C．A Lahu woman joins an art group and teaches other members to weave.
D．A Lahu woman develops her village and inherits its traditional culture.
C
Culture shock is something many people experience when they visit a new country. It happens because the new culture is very different from their own. These differences can be surprising, confusing, or even embarrassing at first.
For example, personal space means different things in different cultures. In Germany, people usually like to have more space around them. They don’t stand too close to someone unless they know them very well. But in Peru, people are comfortable standing closer to others, even strangers. This can be surprising for someone from Germany.
Greetings are another area where cultures differ. In Japan, people bow as soon as they meet someone. The bow shows respect. In the US, people usually just say “hello” or shake hands. In France, it’s common to kiss on the cheek when greeting friends and family.
Manners also vary widely. In China, it’s rude to stick chopsticks into a bowl of rice because it reminds people of funeral rituals. In Mexico, it’s polite to use someone’s first name only if they invite you to do so.
Although these differences can be surprising at first, they are also interesting to learn about. Once you understand them, you may become more curious and interested in the new culture. Learning about cultural differences helps us respect and appreciate other ways of life.
21．What is culture shock
A．A feeling of surprise when experiencing a new culture.
B．A type of illness.
C．A way of greeting.
D．A sudden change in weather patterns.
22．How do people in Germany feel about personal space
A．They like to stand very close to strangers.
B．They like more personal space.
C．They don’t care about personal space.
D．They prefer to greet with a handshake.
23．How do people in Japan greet each other
A．They shake hands. B．They bow.
C．They kiss on the cheek. D．They hug each other.
24．Why is it rude to stick chopsticks into a bowl of rice in China
A．Because it’s bad manners.
B．Because it reminds people of funeral rituals.
C．Because it’s difficult to eat that way.
D．Because it looks strange.
25．What can we learn from the passage
A．All cultures are the same.
B．Cultural differences are interesting and worth learning about.
C．We should avoid visiting other countries.
D．Learning about cultural differences is a waste of time.
D
Do you know the Yangtze River It is also known as the Changjiang River, and is one of the longest rivers in the world. It is important to Chinese people. It is not only a natural wonder, but also a symbol of the Chinese nation.
Nowadays, the Yangtze River National Cultural Park comes into view. How to protect the Yangtze River culture and improve cultural confidence is a new task for the places near the Yangtze River.
The Yangtze River National Cultural Park, an important “National Park” project, goes across 13 provinces with 841 national-level intangible cultural heritage (国家级非物质文化遗产) projects, 465 historical and cultural cities, towns, villages, as well as 91 national-level museums. It expresses China’s traditional, revolutionary (革命的), and socialist advanced cultures.
With over 2,200 years’ history, Jiujiang plays an important part in the Yangtze River National Cultural Park. To protect the Yangtze River culture, Jiujiang creates “The Most Beautiful Yangtze River Bank”. Jiujiang makes it possible that the park not only protects cultural heritage but also further improves the quality of people’s lives there. The park turns Jiujiang into a place where visitors can learn more about historical stories and enjoy natural beauty. It also helps local communities by creating jobs in tourism.
The Yangtze River National Cultural Park project carries great meaning for the Chinese nation. The project is based on the rich cultural resources (资源). The Yangtze River National Cultural Park project holds value in many ways such as water resources protection, social development and educational programs for students. It creates a new painting and shows harmony (和谐) among nature, people, and cities.
26．How does the writer start the passage
A．By telling a story. B．By giving an example.
C．By asking a question. D．By listing numbers.
27．What is the new task for the places near the Yangtze River
A．Calling on more people to pay a visit to the Yangtze River.
B．Setting a good example to other cultural parks in the country.
C．Protecting the Yangtze River culture and improving cultural confidence.
D．Searching for as many intangible cultural heritages as possible.
28．What’s the writer’s purpose of listing numbers in Paragraph 3
A．To compare different cultural parks. B．To show the influence of the project.
C．To ask for protecting the environment. D．To make plans for future cultural parks.
29．What’s the structure of the passage
A． B．
C． D．
30．Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A．The Cultural Development of Jiujiang B．The Long History of the Yangtze River
C．The Yangtze River National Cultural Park D．The Most Beautiful Yangtze River Bank
第三部分 信息还原（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Making Resolutions
Resolutions are often thought to be one of the most important guides everyone needs. Do you know what a resolution is 31 People make resolutions to improve their life. The most common kind is a New Year’s resolution. After all, the start of the year is often a perfect time for making resolutions.
32 Some are about physical health. For example, some people may promise to exercise more or eat more healthily. Some resolutions have to do with learning new things. People might decide they are going to take up a hobby, like painting or photography. And some resolutions have to do with self-improvement, like becoming more confident or organized. 33
Although there are differences, most resolutions have one thing in common: People hardly ever keep them! But there are good reasons for this. 34 And sometimes people just forget about them.
To make your resolutions work, you need to plan them wisely. Make sure your resolution is possible to achieve. Don’t set a goal that is too difficult or too much for you. Try to set mini-goals to help you achieve your resolution. And if you don’t want to forget your resolutions, write them down. Also, talk about them with your family and friends. 35 So what resolutions are you going to make How are you going to keep them
A．Resolutions can be about almost anything.
B．Encourage them to remind you of your goals.
C．A resolution is a promise that you make to yourself.
D．This is why sticking to them can be a real challenge.
E．Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep.
F．For example, a student may decide to start a new study plan.
G．New Year’s resolutions are popular around the world.
第四部分 词汇运用（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
第一节 根据下列句子所给汉语注释或首字母，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
36．He gave us an ________ (介绍)to his company.
37．He just wondered _________ (是否) he could return to his hometown someday or not.
38．Being honest is important. But speaking without respect is still ________ (失礼的).
39．He has been ________ (缺席) from school for three days because of illness.
40．You’d better write a ________ (评论) of the activity to record your feelings.
41．All the Chinese people feel p________ of the Beijing Olympic Games.
42．Our teacher always tells us k________ not only comes from books but also from practice.
43．Mike got a great d________ on the camera during the black Friday sale.
44．They were so tired that they fell asleep as soon as they l________ down.
45．We need a p________ to practice speaking with.
从下面方框中选择适当的单词并用其正确形式填入短文空格内，使短文意思正确、通畅(每空1词，每词限用1次)。
doctor how important or same say lead time write another
Reading is very important for all humans. Just as a famous 46 goes, “Reading is to success what water is to fish.” It can open many doors and can 47 you to the road to success. This is because reading is an 48 way to get the information to understand something. For example, a good 49 has to know the latest development in medicine by reading.
Then, 50 can you develop your reading ability There is only one way. If you want to learn how to ride a bike, you have to get on the bike as many 51 as possible until you can ride it skillfully. It works the 52 way in reading. If you want to improve your reading ability, try to read as much as you can. When you finish reading your first book, take 53 book. If you are going out, take a magazine, a book, an article 54 something else to read. When you are reading, try to understand what message the 55 is giving to you.
Reading is always a wonderful experience. Good books are good friends.
第五部分 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
For a long time, Chinese people have loved lanterns. During the Lantern Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, people hang up beautiful lanterns and gather with family in order to 56 (celebrate). A lantern is are like 57 piece of warm light guiding people home.
Across China, there are wonderful lantern 58 (show). Shanghai’s Yuyuan show and Nanjing’s Qinhuai show are very famous. In cold 59 (north) China, people even make ice and snow lanterns, turning the area into a colorful world.
When talking about lanterns, we must mention Zigong in Sichuan. It is called the “Lantern City”. The tradition of making festival lanterns 60 (start) there in the Tang Dynasty. While most lanterns use wire (金属线) and cloth, Zigong’s artists also use silk, paper, and bamboo to make 61 (they) more beautiful.
Today, lantern-making is of great 62 (important) to Zigong’s economy. Many large lanterns for performances around the country are made there. The city’s own lantern show also 63 (get) many tourists’ attention every year. These lanterns have become a proud symbol 64 their city and China.
For Chinese people, lanterns do more than light up the night; they also light up the heart 65 the feeling of home.
阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。
The solar terms were first thought of by the Chinese thousands of years ago. There are six solar terms in each season. The Grain Rain is the last solar term in Spring and falls on April 20 this year.
Chinese people call this solar term the Grain rain because “rain” helps the crops grow. It means a time of more rain. So you’d better bring an umbrella with you when you go out.
But it is a great time to plant crops. If you miss the time for planting during the Grain Rain , you will feel sorry later. So maybe you can try to plant some flowers or vegetables in your garden. When the spring rain falls, farmers begin to grow crops. Farmers often say, “Spring rain is as expensive as oil.” It brings farmers hope for a good year ahead.
There are also many interesting customs (习俗) during the Grain Rain. In the northern part of China, people like to eat Chinese toon (香椿) with eggs. The food tastes wonderful and is good for you. In the southern part of China, people pick tea leaves and make Grain Rain tea. It is quite famous for its freshness and sweet smell.
66．How many solar terms are there in a year in China
67．What’s the weather like most of the time during the Grain Rain
68．What do farmers usually do when the spring rain falls
69．List two customs during the Grain Rain in China.
70．What is Grain Rain tea famous for
书面表达（共1题；满分25分）
71．不同国家有不同的餐桌礼仪，你是否了解一些基本的中国餐桌礼仪呢？请根据以下图片提示，以“The Table Manners in China”为题，用英文写一篇短文。
参考词汇：wait for the elderly to start the meal, use chopsticks, don’t stick chopsticks into the food, impolite to point at someone, don’t knock on the bowl and the plate with chopsticks, had better not talk and laugh loudly,…
要求：1. 可选择使用参考词汇，亦可适当发挥；
2. 语句通顺；意思连贯，书写工整；
3. 文中不得出现任何真实信息 (姓名、校名和地名等)；
4. 词数：不少于60词。 (开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数)
The Table Manners in China
Different countries have different table manners. Let me introduce some table manners of China. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hope these above can help you know something about the table manners in China!
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．D
【导语】本文讲述中国斯诺克选手吴宜泽克服困难，在2026年世锦赛夺冠的励志故事，强调坚持梦想和努力奋斗的重要性。
【详解】1．句意：2026 年 5 月初，他在英国成为世界斯诺克冠军，震惊了世界，因为很少有人预料到这么年轻的选手会获胜。
根据“few people had expected”，可知结果出乎意料。根据语境，意外夺冠会让人震惊。shocked（震惊）符合语境；influenced（影响）、introduced（介绍）、reminded（提醒）均不符合语境。
2．句意：他以18:17 的微弱比分击败了一位著名的英国选手，成为2000年后出生的首位赢得这项殊荣的选手。
with a close score of...表示“以……的比分险胜”，此处指他以18:17的比分击败对手，故选with。
3．句意：吴宜泽的成功之路一点也不轻松。
后文提到他多年坚持高强度训练、出国后遇到诸多困难，说明成功之路并不轻松，far from easy意为“一点也不容易”符合语境；meaningful（有意义的）、special（特别的）、difficult（困难的）均与后文逻辑不符。
4．句意：那里的生活比他们预期的更具挑战性。
根据“struggled with language and money”，可知生活困难。根据语境，困难对应挑战性。more challenging（更具挑战性的）符合语境；more comfortable（更舒适的）、more convenient（更方便的）、more peaceful（更平静的）均不符合语境。
5．句意：虽然他们压力很大，但从未放弃。
前后句为让步关系：“承受巨大压力”和“从未放弃” 形成转折，Although（虽然）引导让步状语从句，；Since（自从/因为）、Because（因为）、If（如果）均不符合逻辑关系，故选Although。
6．句意：为了支持吴的梦想，他的父亲甚至辞去了工作。
根据语境，父亲牺牲工作是为了支持梦想。support（支持）符合语境；help（帮助）、protect（保护）、forget（忘记）均不符合语境。
7．句意：他总是从每次失败中学习，而不是失去信心。
根据“believed in himself”，可知对应信心。根据语境，失败时不失去的是自信。confidence（信心）符合语境；interest（兴趣）、energy（精力）、direction（方向）均不符合语境。
8．句意：他们为他的梦想放弃了一切——他们的家、积蓄，以及多年的舒适生活。
根据“their home, savings, and years of comfort”，可知牺牲巨大。根据语境，列举多项表明放弃所有。everything（一切）符合语境；something（某事）、nothing（什么都没有）、anything（任何事）均不符合语境。
9．句意：现在很多年轻人因为他坚强的精神和决心而敬仰他。
根据“strong spirit and determination”，可知他是榜样。根据语境，榜样值得尊敬。look up to（敬仰）符合语境；take care of（照顾）、depend on（依赖）、hear from（收到……来信）均不符合语境。
10．句意：他的故事告诉我们，只要我们坚持梦想并努力奋斗，我们总能让梦想成真。
这是一句鼓励性的表达，强调坚持和努力终会带来结果，always（总是）符合语境，never（从不）、sometimes（有时）、seldom（很少）均不符合鼓励的语气。
11．D 12．C 13．C 14．D 15．A
【导语】本文主要介绍动画电影《没有人生来普通》中的四个小怪兽追梦故事，结合寒门学子庞众望坚持追梦、逆袭成才的真实事例，告诉读者拒绝躺平、坚持梦想，平凡人也能成就自我。
【详解】11．第二段讲述小怪兽面对嘲笑的做法：“Along the way, many other monsters laugh at their dreams. But the little pig monster and his friends don’t lose heart. They keep fighting ‘bad guys’ and try to live in their own way.”，说明面对嘲笑，小怪兽们没有放弃，坚持以自己的方式生活追梦。
12．第三段提出这部电影像一面镜子映照现实普通人的追梦模样，第四段紧接着列举了庞众望的励志事例，说明作者是通过举庞众望的例子来解释电影映照现实的观点。
13．第四段介绍庞众望的艰难处境：“But 27 years ago, he was born into a poor family...His mother was disabled and unable to work. His father suffered from a serious mental illness.”，说明家境贫困、母亲残疾、父亲患病是他曾经平凡普通的困境。
14．结合全文语境，文中朗朗山是小怪兽最初平凡困顿的起点，象征着阻碍人们追梦、成就自我的困境与磨难，并非实体山峰或个人、成功，由此可推断该短语“Langlang Mountain”指代阻碍我们成为优秀的人的困难。
15．最后一段点明文章观点：“Clearly, if you ‘lie flat’, you’ll stay a ‘nobody’.”，说明躺平会让人止步不前，无法实现远大梦想，由此可推断躺平会让人远离梦想的实现。
16．D 17．B 18．A 19．C 20．D
【导语】本文介绍了云南澜沧老达保村的拉祜族女性李娜倮，她传承民族文化，带领村民通过歌舞表演和织锦手艺改善生活，荣获“最美巾帼奋斗者”称号。
【详解】16．第一段提到“She was honoured as ‘The Most Beautiful Female Striver’ in 2025.”，因此她获得的荣誉是“最美巾帼奋斗者”。
17．第二段提到“Born in 1983...Li learned to play the guitar and sing at the age of 13.”，她出生于1983年，13岁时是1996年。
18．第二段提到“She also started writing songs at the age of 16.”，第三段提到“In 2005, Li joined the Ya’e Art Group”“In 2013, she started a singing company.”，第四段提到“She started workshops to teach women in her village to weave brocade”，所以事件顺序为：②16岁开始写歌→①加入雅厄艺术团→③创立歌唱公司→④设立织锦工坊，因此顺序为②-①-③-④。
19．第三段提到“she started a singing company”，李娜倮成立歌唱公司，体现了创造力。第四段提到“She started workshops to teach women in her village to weave brocade. Then she helped them take orders and sell brocade products...”，她带领村民增收、帮助困难女性改善生活，体现了热心肠。
20．文章讲述了李娜倮通过音乐和织锦，既传承拉祜族传统文化，又带领村民发展经济、改善生活的故事，对应选项D。
21．A 22．B 23．B 24．B 25．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了什么是文化冲击，并从个人空间、问候方式、餐桌礼仪等方面举例说明不同文化的差异，最后指出学习文化差异的意义。
【详解】21．第一段第一句指出定义：“Culture shock is something many people experience when they visit a new country.”，这说明文化冲击是指人们在体验新文化时产生的惊讶感。
22．第二段指出感受：“In Germany, people usually like to have more space around them. They don’t stand too close to someone unless they know them very well.”，这说明德国人喜欢有更多的个人空间。
23．第三段第二句和第三句指出打招呼的方式：“In Japan, people bow as soon as they meet someone. The bow shows respect.”，这说明日本人见面时鞠躬。
24．第四段第二句指出原因：“In China, it’s rude to stick chopsticks into a bowl of rice because it reminds people of funeral rituals.”，这说明这是因为会让人想起葬礼仪式。
25．最后一段指出结论：“Although these differences can be surprising at first, they are also interesting to learn about…Learning about cultural differences helps us respect and appreciate other ways of life.”，说明文化差异很有趣，值得学习。
26．C 27．C 28．B 29．B 30．C
【导语】本文介绍长江国家文化公园项目概况，以九江为例说明项目落地举措，阐述该项目在文化保护、民生、生态、文旅等多方面的重要意义。
【详解】26．根据第一段第一句“Do you know the Yangtze River ”，作者是以“提问”的方式开始这篇文章。
27．根据第二段“How to protect the Yangtze River culture and improve cultural confidence is a new task for the places near the Yangtze River.”，长江沿岸地区的新任务是“保护长江文化，增强文化自信”。
28．根据第三段“an important ‘National Park’ project, goes across 13 provinces with 841 national-level...projects, 465 historical...as well as 91 national-level museums.”，长江国家文化公园涵盖的范围：13个省、841个国家级非遗项目、465个历史文化名城名镇名村、91个国家级博物馆。这些数字是“为了展示这个项目的规模和影响力”。
29．通读全文可知，第①段总体引入，说明长江的重要性，单独为一段；第②段引出长江国家文化公园项目，第③段具体说明项目，第④段举例说明项目，第⑤段总结项目价值，由此可知，②③④⑤都在介绍这个项目，所以为一段。全文为总分结构。
30．本文第二段引出长江国家文化公园项目，第三段介绍公园的规模和涵盖内容，第四段以九江为例说明公园的具体作用，第五段总结项目的意义，由此可知，全文围绕“长江国家文化公园”这个项目展开，最适合作为最佳标题。
31．C 32．A 33．F 34．E 35．B
【导语】本文介绍了什么是决心、决心的常见类型、人们难以坚持决心的原因以及如何制定有效的决心。
【详解】31．前文问“你知道什么是决心吗？”，后文说“人们制定决心是为了改善生活”。此处应给出决心的定义。选项C“A resolution is a promise that you make to yourself.”直接回答了前面的问题，与后文逻辑连贯。
32．此处为段落首句，后文列举了决心与身体健康、学习新事物、自我提升等不同方面有关。选项A“Resolutions can be about almost anything.”总领后文，概括了决心的广泛性。
33．前文说“有些决心与学习新事物有关”，此处应举例说明“学习新事物”的这类决心。选项F“For example, a student may decide to start a new study plan.”是对“学习新事物”的具体举例，与上文衔接自然。
34．前文说人们几乎从不坚持决心，并说“这是有原因的”，后文列举了原因（决心太难、人们忘记）。选项E“Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep.”与后文“有时候人们只是忘记了”并列，共同解释为什么难以坚持决心。
35．前文建议与家人朋友谈论自己的决心，后文问“那么你打算制定什么决心？”。此处应说明这样做的目的——让他们提醒你。选项B“Encourage them to remind you of your goals.”与上文“talk about them with your family and friends”衔接自然，逻辑合理。
36．introduction
【详解】句意：他给我们做了一个关于他公司的介绍。根据汉语提示可知，introduction意为“介绍”，是可数名词，空格前有不定冠词an，故填introduction。
37．whether
【详解】句意：他只是想知道他是否有一天能回到家乡。本句是宾语从句，表示“是否”的连词有if和whether，但whether直接搭配句中的or not使用。
38．impolite/rude
【详解】句意：诚实很重要，但说话没有礼貌依旧是失礼的。impolite或rude表示失礼的、不礼貌的，符合语境。
39．absent
【详解】句意：他因为生病已经缺课三天了。句中“for three days”表示一段持续的时间，且句中已有“has been”，提示此处应使用形容词构成固定搭配，表达“缺席”的含义。“absent”为形容词，“be absent from”是固定搭配，意为“缺席……”，故填absent。
40．review
【详解】句意：你最好写一篇关于这次活动的评论，来记录你的感受。空格前为“a”，空格后为“of”，需用可数名词单数，“评论”对应的单词是review，a review of“对……的评论”，固定搭配。
41．proud/roud
【详解】句意：所有中国人都为北京奥运会感到骄傲。根据首字母提示“p”以及“of the Beijing Olympic Games”，此处表示“骄傲的”。形容词proud“骄傲的”符合语境，且“feel proud of”为固定搭配，意为“为……感到骄傲”，故填proud。
42．
knowledge/nowledge
【详解】句意：我们的老师总是告诉我们，“知识”不仅来自书本，也来自实践。句中“not only comes from books but also from practice”提示主语应为抽象名词，结合首字母“k”及语境，应填入knowledge，表示“知识”，符合“知识来源于书本和实践”的逻辑。
43．deal/eal
【详解】句意：迈克在黑色星期五促销活动中买到了物美价廉的相机。结合给出的首字母d，以及购物促销的语境，可知此空填deal，意为“交易；划算买卖”；固定搭配：get a great deal“买到便宜货、捡大便宜”，空前有不定冠词a，故用单数形式。
44．lay/ay
【详解】句意：他们如此疲惫，以至于一躺下就睡着了。根据首字母l和短语...down，固定搭配lie down意为“躺下”；主句were为一般过去时，从句时态保持一致，lie（躺）的过去式为lay，符合语境与句子时态要求。故填lay。
45．partner/artner
【详解】句意：我们需要一个伙伴来进行口语练习。空处应填单数名词。根据“practice speaking with”可知，口语练习需要伙伴。partner“伙伴”符合语境。
46．saying 47．lead 48．important 49．doctor 50．how 51．times 52．same 53．another 54．or 55．writer
【导语】本文主要讲了阅读对成功的重要性，并指出提升阅读能力的唯一方法就是大量阅读。
【详解】46．句意：正如一句名言所说：“阅读之于成功，犹如水之于鱼。”这里是固定表达a famous saying goes…（俗话说/常言道）。say要变成名词形式saying（谚语、格言）。
47．句意：它能为你打开很多扇门，还能引领你走上通往成功的道路。句子结构是“can+动词原形”，且后面是you into a road to success。短语lead sb. into…表示 “带领某人走向……”，所以用lead。
48．句意：这是因为阅读是获取信息、理解事物的一种重要方式。前面有冠词an，后面是名词way，中间需要一个形容词。结合句意 “阅读是获取信息的重要方式”，选important。
49．句意：例如，一名好医生必须通过阅读了解医学领域的最新发展。后面提到medicine（医学），说明这里说的是和医学相关的职业。选doctor（医生），符合语境。
50．句意：那么，你要如何培养自己的阅读能力呢？这是一个特殊疑问句，后面的回答是 “只有一种方法”，说明问题是 “如何提升阅读能力”。选疑问词how。
51．句意：如果你想学会骑自行车，你就得尽可能多地骑上自行车练习，直到你能熟练地骑行为止。短语as many times as possible表示 “尽可能多次”。many后面要接复数名词，所以time变成times。
52．句意：阅读也是同样的道理。短语the same way表示 “同样的方式”。选same，意思是 “阅读和学骑车的道理是一样的”。
53．句意：当你读完第一本书，再拿起另一本。前面说 “读完第一本书”，后面自然是 “再读一本”。选another（另一本）。
54．句意：如果你要出门，带上一本杂志、一本书、一篇文章或者其他可以阅读的东西。这里是并列列举：带杂志、书、文章或者其他读物。选or（或者）。
55．句意：当你阅读时，试着去理解作者想要传递给你的信息。阅读时，要理解的是 “作者” 传递的信息。write要变成名词形式writer（作者）。
56．celebrate 57．a 58．shows 59．northern 60．started 61．them 62．importance 63．gets 64．of 65．with
【导语】本文介绍中国人喜爱灯笼，国内多地特色灯会，重点讲述四川自贡“灯城”的制灯历史、工艺与产业价值，灯笼承载家国情怀。
【详解】56．句意：在元宵节和中秋节期间，人们挂起漂亮的灯笼，与家人聚在一起，为了庆祝。in order to do sth.为固定短语，意为“为了做某事”，应填动词原形celebrate。
57．句意：灯笼就像一束温暖的光，指引人们回家。a piece of是固定搭配，意为“一片/一束”。
58．句意：中国各地都有精彩的灯笼展。根据前文“there are”和主谓一致原则，这里应填名词复数shows。
59．句意：在中国寒冷的北方，人们甚至制作冰雪灯笼，把这个地区变成一个多彩的世界。修饰名词China，需使用形容词，north对应的形容词为northern。
60．句意：那里制作节日灯笼的传统始于唐朝。描述过去发生的事情(唐朝)，用一般过去时，start的过去式为started。
61．句意：大多数灯笼使用金属线和布，但自贡的艺术家也使用丝绸、纸和竹子来使它们更漂亮。动词make后接代词作宾语，指代lanterns，用they的宾格them。
62．句意：如今，灯笼制作对自贡的经济非常重要。形容词great后接名词，important的名词形式为importance。
63．句意：这座城市自己的灯展每年也吸引许多游客的注意。every year表示经常性动作，用一般现在时；主语show为第三人称单数，应填gets。
64．句意：这些灯笼已经成为他们城市和中国的自豪象征。a symbol of…为固定搭配，意为“……的象征”。
65．句意：对于中国人来说，灯笼不仅仅照亮了夜晚，它们还温暖了怀揣思乡之情的人心。light up the heart with...意为“用……点亮心灵”，with表示“用；带有”。
66．24./Twenty-four. 67．It’s rainy. 68．They begin to grow crops. 69．Eating Chinese toon with eggs (in the north). Picking tea leaves and making Grain Rain tea (in the south). 70．Its freshness and sweet smell.
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国二十四节气中“谷雨”这一节气的由来、气候特点、农事活动以及南北各地的传统习俗。
【详解】66．第一段提到“There are six solar terms in each season”，一年有四季，6×4=24，因此答案是24个，需进行简单推算。
67．第二段指出谷雨因“rain”帮助作物生长而得名，“It means a time of more rain”，说明谷雨期间多雨，因此天气以雨天为主，答案为“It’s rainy.”。
68．第三段明确写道“When the spring rain falls, farmers begin to grow crops”，这是原文直接信息，直接提取即可。
69．第四段分别介绍了南北方的习俗：北方“people like to eat Chinese toon with eggs”，南方“people pick tea leaves and make Grain Rain tea”。需列举两项，答案不唯一，任选两个即可。
70．第四段最后一句“It is quite famous for its freshness and sweet smell”直接给出答案，属于原文原句提取。
71．
例文
The Table Manners in China
Different countries have different table manners. Let me introduce some table manners of China.
First, we should respect and give way to the elders. We need to wait for the elderly to start the meal. Second, it is impolite to knock on the bowl and the plate with chopsticks. Also, don’t stick chopsticks into the food. Never point at anyone with chopsticks because it is very impolite. Third, we had better not talk or laugh loudly when eating. Eating quietly is a good habit.
Hope the above can help you know something about the table manners in China!
【详解】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：说明文，用一般现在时为主
明确要点：尊重并礼让长辈、不敲打餐碗和餐盘、食不言笑
确定人称：第一人称（we/I）和第三人称（elders, people）
注意事项：不得透露任何真实信息（姓名、校名和地名等）
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构：
开头段：总起句，点明不同国家有不同的餐桌礼仪
主体段：分别介绍三个要点——尊重长辈、不敲打餐具、食不言笑
结尾段：总结，希望上述礼仪能帮助了解中国餐桌礼仪
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：尊重并礼让长辈
具体做法：wait for the elderly to start the meal/give way to the elders/let the elders sit first等
要点二：不敲打餐碗和餐盘
具体做法：don’t knock on the bowl and the plate with chopsticks等
相关礼仪：don’t stick chopsticks into the food/impolite to point at someone with chopsticks等
要点三：食不言笑
具体做法：had better not talk or laugh loudly/speak in a low voice/concentrate on eating等
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