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浙江省杭州市临平区2024-2025学年九年级上学期英语9月独立作业
一、第一部分听力理解(共15小题， 每小题1分， 满分20分)第一节： 听小对话， 从A、B、C三个选项中选出正确的选项， 回答问题。(共5 小题， 每小题1分， 满分5分
1． What is Will's animal sign
A．The Horse. B．The Sheep. C．The monkey.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话理解；询问时间
【解析】【听力原文】W: Hello, Will! When were you born
M:I was born on February the eighth, 2003. My animal sign is the Sheep.
【分析】句意：Will的生肖是什么。A.The Horse.马；B.The Sheep.羊；C.The monkey.猴子。根据原文Will明确的回答"My animal sign is the Sheep."（我的生肖是羊。），可知Will的生肖是羊。故答案为：B。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意在听力过程中，要提前快速浏览题目和选项，明确问题的关键信息，即要获取的是Will的生肖内容。在听对话时，重点捕捉与生肖相关的关键语句，避免受到其他无关信息的干扰。这种做题方法有助于提高听力的准确性和效率。
2． What's wrong with Mike
A．He has a cough.
B．He has a fever.
C．He has a headache.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话理解；询问感受；礼貌用语
【解析】【听力原文】W: You don't look well. What's the matter with you, Mike
M:I have a headache.
【分析】句意：Mike怎么了。A .He has a cough.他咳嗽；B.He has a fever.；C.He has a headache.他头痛。根据原文中Mike的回答"I have a headache."（我头痛。），可知Mike是头痛。故答案为：C。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意在听这类听力时，要提前阅读题目和选项，明确问题是在询问人物的状况。在听对话过程中，要抓住关键信息，特别是人物对自己状况的描述。像本题中，重点听Mike的回答，从中获取与问题相关的关键信息来做出正确选择。
3． Where are the speakers
A．In an art museum
B．In a science museum
C．In a nature museum.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话理解；询问地点；表达赞扬；礼貌用语
【解析】【听力原文】W: What a good painting! I must take a photo of it to show my friends later.
M: I'm afraid you can't. Please look at the sign on the wall.
【分析】句意：说话者在哪里。A.In an art museum在一家艺术博物馆；B.In a science museum在一家科学博物馆；C.In a nature museum在一家自然博物馆。根据听力原文中女士说"What a good painting! I must take a photo of it to show my friends later."（多好的一幅画啊！我一会儿必须给它拍张照片给我的朋友看。）以及男士说"I'm afraid you can't. Please look at the sign on the wall."（恐怕你不能（拍照）。请看墙上的标志。）可知，因为有画作且不允许拍照，通常在艺术博物馆会有这样的情况，所以说话者在艺术博物馆。故答案为：A。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意在听这类听力时，不能仅仅依靠直接听到的信息，而要根据对话内容进行合理推理。
4． Whose gloves are these
A．Jim's. B．Jack's. C．Jerry's.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话理解；称谓语；礼貌用语；Jack
【解析】【听力原文】W: David, are these your gloves
M: Oh, no. I think they are Jack's. I saw him wearing them yesterday,
【分析】句意：这些手套是谁的。A.im's..吉姆的；B.Jack's.杰克的；C.Jerry's.杰瑞的。根据听力原文中男士的回答"I think they are Jack's. I saw him wearing them yesterday."（我想它们是杰克的。我昨天看见他戴着它们了。），可知这些手套是杰克的。故答案为：B。
[点评】考查短对话理解。注意在听这类听力时，要集中注意力捕捉关键信息，特别是针对问题所涉及的内容，如本题中关于手套归属的关键回答。同时，提前阅读题目和选项，明确问题方向，在听的过程中就能更有针对性地去获取相关信息，提高答题的准确率。
5． What is the relationship between the two speakers
A．Teacher and student.
B．Doctor and patient.
C．Husband and wife.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话理解；称谓语；礼貌用语
【解析】【听力原文】W: Dear, what happened to Victor while we were away
M: He fell off the table when he was climbing up and down.
【分析】句意：两位说话者之间是什么关系？A.Teacher and student.老师和学生；B.Doctor and patient.医生和病人；C.Husband and wife.丈夫和妻子。根据听力原文中女士说"Dear, what happened to Victor while we were away "（亲爱的，我们不在的时候维克多发生了什么事？），男士对维克多发生的事情进行回应。从女士称呼男士"Dear"（亲爱的），可以推断出两人的关系是夫妻。故答案为：C。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意在听这类听力时，要关注对话中的称呼、语气以及所讨论的内容等细节信息，通过这些信息进行合理推理来判断人物关系。同时，在听之前快速浏览题目和选项，有助于在听的过程中更有针对性地捕捉相关信息，从而准确作答。
二、第一部分听力理解(共15小题， 每小题1分， 满分20分)第二节： 听长对话， 从A、B、C三个选项中选出正确的选项， 回答问题。(共5 小题, 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分
听录音，回答问题。
6．Where are they going
A．To the lake. B．To the sea. C．To the park.
7．How soon will they get there
A．In five minutes.
B．In ten minutes.
C．In fifteen minutes.
【答案】6．A
7．C
【知识点】长对话理解；询问地点；表达邀请；表达建议；礼貌用语
【解析】【听力原文】W: Do you want to go fishing
M: Yes. That's a good idea.
W: Where do you want to go
M: We can go to the sea
W: Shall we go to the lake The sea's too far.
M: OK. We can get to the lake in 15 minutes.
W: I' ll get our fishing tools.
M: That's great! We' ll have fresh fish for dinner!
【分析】文章大意：这段对话是两人关于去钓鱼地点的讨论以及到达时间等内容。
【点评】考查长对话理解。注意在听长对话时，要提前快速浏览题目和选项，明确问题所涉及的关键信息，如本题中关于地点和时间的询问。在听的过程中，要集中注意力捕捉与问题相关的关键语句，如本题中关于去向和所需时间的具体表述。同时，要注意对话中的逻辑关系和上下文提示，例如女士提出去湖边的原因以及男士对到达时间的说明，以便更准确地理解和作答。
6．句意：他们要去哪里？：A.To the lake.去湖边；B.To the sea.去海边；C.To the park.去公园。根据对话中女士说"Shall we go to the lake The sea's too far."（我们去湖边好吗？海边太远了。）以及男士回应"OK."（好的。），可知他们要去湖边。故答案为：A。
7．句意：他们多久能到达那里？A.In five minutes.五分钟后；B.In ten minutes.十分钟后；C.In fifteen minutes.十五分钟后。根据对话中男士说"We can get to the lake in 15 minutes."（我们十五分钟后能到达湖边。），可知他们将在十五分钟后到达那里。故答案为：C。
听录音，回答问题。
8．When will the two speakers go to the library
A．At 7:30 a. m..
B．At 8:00 a m..
C．At 10:30 a. m..
9．Why does the girl want to come back before 10:30
A．She has a tennis class.
B．She has a Chinese class.
C．She has an English exam.
10．What will they do after 3:30 in the afternoon
A．Play volleyball.
B．Take a walk.
C．Visit their teachers.
【答案】8．B
9．B
10．A
【知识点】长对话理解；询问时间；表达邀请；礼貌用语；征求（同意）；play volleyball
【解析】【听力原文】M: Hello, Grace. Would you like to go to the library with me tomorrow morning
W: Sure, I'd like to. When is it open
M: 7 o' clock. Let's go at 7:30 tomorrow.
W: Oh, that's too early! I get up at 7:30. So let's go at 8 o' clock M: Okay, 8 o' clock.
W: But I'd like to come back before 10:30. I have a Chinese class then.
M: That's okay. I should do some English exercises in the morning. I have an exam at 2 o' clock in the afternoon.
W: James, do you have time after the exam We can play volleyball.
M: Yes, I have time after the exam. Let's play volleyball at 3:30.
W: That sounds great!
【分析】文章大意：男士James邀请女士Grace明天早上一起去图书馆，两人就图书馆开放时间、出发时间进行了讨论，Grace表示要在10:30前回来因为要上语文课，James说明早要做英语练习因为有下午2点的考试，最后两人约定考试后下午3:30去打排球。
【点评】考查长对话理解。注意在听长对话时，要提前快速浏览题目和选项，明确问题所涉及的关键信息，如本题中关于时间、事件原因和后续活动安排等。在听的过程中，集中注意力捕捉与问题相关的关键语句，同时要注意对话中的逻辑关系和上下文提示，例如女士因为起床时间而调整去图书馆的时间，以及因为课程和考试安排后续活动等，以便更准确地理解和作答。
8．句意：两位说话者什么时候去图书馆？A.At 7:30 a. m.早上7:30"；B.At 8:00 a. m.早上8:00；CAt 10:30 a. m.早上10:30"。根据对话中男士说"Let's go at 7:30 tomorrow."女士回应"Oh, that's too early! I get up at 7:30. So let's go at 8 o'clock."男士说"Okay, 8 o'clock."，可知他们将在早上8点去图书馆。故答案为：B。
9．句意：女孩为什么想在10:30前回来？A.She has a tennis class她有一节网球课"；B.She has a Chinese class.她有一节语文课；C.She has an English exam.她有一场英语考试。根据对话中女士说"But I'd like to come back before 10:30. I have a Chinese class then."，可知女孩想在10:30前回来是因为她有一节语文课。故答案为：B。
10．句意：他们下午3:30之后要做什么？A.Play volleyball打排球"；B.Take a walk.散步；C.Visit their teachers.拜访他们的老师"。根据对话中女士说"James, do you have time after the exam We can play volleyball."男士回应"Yes, I have time after the exam. Let's play volleyball at 3:30."，可知他们下午3:30之后要去打排球。故答案为：A。
三、第一部分听力理解(共15小题， 每小题1分， 满分20分)第三节：听下面一段独白独白， 从A、B、C三个选项中选择正确的选项。(共5 小题, 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分
听下面一段独白独白， 从A、B、C三个选项中选择正确的选项
11．When did George buy a small plane
A．At the age of 25.
B．At the age of 30.
C．At the age of 35.
12．What happened to Mark one day
A．George invited him to take his plane.
B．Mark decided to fly the plane himself.
C．Mark and George travelled in a big plane.
13．How long did George fly in the air
A．For half an hour.
B．For an hour.
C．For two hours.
14．How did Mark feel in the air
A．Relaxed. B．Surprised. C．Fearful
15．How many trips did Mark take in the small plane
A．One. B．Two. C．Three.
【答案】11．C
12．A
13．A
14．C
15．A
【知识点】短文理解；询问时间；表达邀请；礼貌用语；介绍语；one
【解析】【听力原文】When George was thirty-five, he bought a small plane and learned to fly it. He soon became very good at flying the plane.
George had a friend. His name was Mark. One day George offered to take Mark up in his plane. Mark thought, "I' ve travelled in a big plane several times, but I' ve never been in a small one, so I' ll go. "
They went up, and George flew around for half an hour and did all kinds of actions in the air. When they came down, Mark was very glad to be back safely, and he said to his friend in a shaking voice, "Well, George, thank you very much for those two trips in your plane."
George was very surprised and said, "Two trips ""Yes, my first and last, "answered Mark.
【分析】文章大意：乔治35岁时买了一架小飞机并学会了驾驶，还飞得很棒。他的朋友马克虽坐过几次大飞机，但没坐过小飞机，一天乔治邀请马克坐他的小飞机，在空中飞行半小时并做了各种动作，下来后马克称这是他第一次也是最后一次坐这架小飞机。
【点评】考查短文理解。注意在听短文前，要快速浏览题目和选项，明确问题所涉及的关键信息，如时间、事件、人物感受等。在听的过程中，集中注意力捕捉与问题相关的关键语句，同时要注意短文中的细节描述，例如原文中关于乔治买飞机年龄、飞行时间、马克的语言和语气等细节，这些对于准确作答至关重要。此外，对于一些隐含信息，如马克的感受，需要通过他的语言表现来推断。
11．句意：乔治什么时候买了一架小飞机。A.At the age of 25 25岁的时候 ；B.At the age of 30. 30岁的时候 ；C.At the age of 35. 35岁的时候。根据原文"When George was thirty - five, he bought a small plane and learned to fly it."（当乔治35岁时，他买了一架小飞机并学习驾驶它。），可知乔治35岁时买了小飞机。故答案为：C。
12．句意：有一天马克发生了什么事。A.George invited him to take his plane. 乔治邀请他乘坐自己的飞机；B.Mark decided to fly the plane himself. 马克决定自己驾驶飞机；C.Mark and George travelled in a big plane."意为"马克和乔治乘坐大飞机旅行"。根据原文"One day George offered to take Mark up in his plane."（一天，乔治主动提出带马克乘坐他的飞机。），可知乔治邀请马克乘坐自己的飞机。故答案为：A。
13．句意：乔治在空中飞了多久。A.For half an hour. 半小时"；B.For an hour.一小时"；C.For two hours. 两小时。根据原文"They went up, and George flew around for half an hour and did all kinds of actions in the air."（他们起飞了，乔治在空中飞行了半小时并做了各种动作。），可知乔治在空中飞了半小时。故答案为：A。
14．句意：马克在空中感觉如何。A.Relaxed. 放松的；B.Surprised. 惊讶的；C.Fearful.害怕的。根据原文"When they came down, Mark was very glad to be back safely, and he said to his friend in a shaking voice"（当他们降落时，马克很高兴能安全回来，他用颤抖的声音对他的朋友说），从颤抖的声音可以推断出马克在空中是害怕的。故答案为：C。
15．句意：马克乘坐小飞机进行了几次旅行。选项及其词义：A.One. 一次"；B.Two 两次；C.Three. 三次。根据原文"Yes, my first and last"（是的，我的第一次也是最后一次），可知马克只乘坐了一次小飞机。故答案为：A。
四、阅读理解。(共15小题， 每小题2分， 满分30分
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。
With the rapid development of short videos, their widespread use has become a major trend. A recent study surveyed 1,557 Chinese people about their short video-watching habits. It found that people may be so immersed(沉迷的) in short videos that they cannot stop watching them.
16．How many people who are surveyed really enjoy watching short videos
A．About 132. B．About 539. C．About 827. D．About 1365.
17．How long do most people watch short videos at a time
A．Less than I hour. B．More than 1 hour.
C．More than 3 hours. D．More than 5 hours.
18．In which kind of magazine may you read this article
A．Business. B．Science. C．Sports. D．Entertainment.
【答案】16．B
17．B
18．D
【知识点】其他语篇类型；生活方式；细节理解；数字计算；文章出处
【解析】【分析】文章大意：随着短视频的快速发展，其广泛使用已成为一种主要趋势。一项最近对1557名中国人关于短视频观看习惯的调查发现，人们可能如此沉迷于短视频以至于无法停止观看。文中还通过图表展示了人们对短视频的喜好程度、每次观看短视频的时长以及不同年代出生的人对观看短视频的喜爱比例等信息。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节理解题常见的解题方法是仔细阅读文章或图表，找到与问题相关的具体信息，进行准确计算或直接获取答案。推理判断题则需要根据文章内容进行合理推断，结合常识和上下文逻辑来判断答案。对于这类阅读理解题，关键是要认真阅读题目和选项，明确问题方向，再从原文中寻找依据。
16．数字计算题。根据第一个图表中"Really like"占比34.6%，以及调查总人数为1557人，通过计算1557×34.6%≈539，可知大约有539人真正喜欢看短视频。故答案为：B。
17．细节理解题。根据第二个图表中"More than 1 hour"占比58.8%，"Up to 1 hour"占比31.2%，通过对比可知大多数人每次看短视频的时长超过1小时。故答案为：B。
18．文章出处题。文章主要围绕人们对短视频的观看习惯展开，包括喜好程度、观看时长等，这些内容与娱乐相关，所以可能在娱乐杂志上读到这篇文章。故答案为：D。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D) 中选出最佳选项。
①On Sept.7, famous Chinese archaeologist(考古学家) Fan Jinshi, 85, was awarded by UNESCO for her contribution to the protection of the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang.
②Called the" daughter of Dunhuang", her story with the caves started 60 years ago. In 1963, Fan, then a 25- year- old Peking University graduate, had the chance to work at the Mogao Caves.
③" Seeing Dunhuang for the first time was breathtaking. But only when truly staying here did I realize that inside the caves is a world of divine beauty while outside is a land of blowing sand and yellow earth," Fan told Gansu Daily.
④Back in those days, the Mogao Caves were almost completely cut off from the world. Fan and her coworkers had to live in mud houses and drink salty water. They stayed inside the Caves to copy murals(壁画) and do whatever they could to protect and restore them. In 2011 after 40 years of hard work, a report on 10 Mogao Caves by Fan's team was finally published. It was known as China's first professional report on cave archaeology.
⑤As time passed. Fan found a serious problem. The increasing number of tourists visiting Dunhuang might harm the caves, causing the murals inside to fade. Something needed to be done to protect Dunhuang's heritage.
⑥In the late 1980s, Fan stumbled upon computer technology by chance. She realized that this might protect the Mogao Caves forever. After over 30 years of exploration, the Dunhuang Academy built a digital database to protect cultural relics(文物) there, allowing Dunhuang's art to live forever and to step out of the caves to meet the world.
⑦" In my whole life, I've only done one thing: protect and promote the world cultural heritage of the Mogao Caves," she told People's Daily." My heart belongs to Dunhuang."
19．How old was Fan Jinshi when she started working in the caves
A．25. B．30. C．60. D．85.
20．What may people think of working in Dunhua ng in 1963
A．Convenient. B．Relaxing. C．Boring. D．Difficult.
21．How does computer technology protect the Mogao Caves according to Para.6
A．People can admire the Mogao Caves on the Internet.
B．People can buy tickets easily to enter the Mogao Caves.
C．It can help people do research on the Mogao Caves.
D．It can remind people not to harm the Mogao Caves.
22．What's the purpose of writing the passage
A．To encourage tourists to travel to Dunhuang.
B．To praise Fan for her achievements in Dunhuang.
C．To show readers the beauty of the Mogao Caves.
D．To ask people to protect the Mogao Caves together.
【答案】19．A
20．D
21．A
22．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文；细节理解；推理判断；文章大意
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要是讲述了考古学家樊锦诗为保护敦煌莫高窟而做出的伟大奉献和成就。
【点评】考查阅读理解。做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
19．细节理解题。根据文章第二段句子"In 1963, Fan, then a 25- year- old Peking University graduate, had the chance to work at the Mogao Caves."可知，1963年，当时25岁的樊锦诗从北京大学毕业，有机会到莫高窟工作。所以是25岁，故选A。
20．推理判断题。根据文章第四段句子"Back in those days, the Mogao Caves were almost completely cut off from the world.Fan and her coworkers had to live in mud houses and drink salty water."可知，那时候，莫高窟几乎与外界完全隔绝。樊和她的同事不得不住在泥房子里，喝咸水。说明在莫高窟工作很艰难，故选D。
21．细节理解题。根据文章第六段句子"After over 30 years of exploration, the Dunhuang Academy built a digital database to protect cultural relics(文物) there, allowing Dunhuang's art to live forever and to step out of the caves to meet the world."可知，经过30多年的探索，敦煌研究院建立了一个数字数据库来保护那里的文物，让敦煌的艺术永世长存，走出洞穴，与世界相遇。也就是人们可以通过互联网在网上欣赏敦煌艺术。故选A。
22．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段句子"On Sept. 7, famous Chinese archaeologist (考古学家) Fan Jinshi, 85, was awarded by UNESCO for her contribution (贡献) to the protection of the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang."可知，文章主要是讲述了考古学家樊锦诗为保护敦煌莫高窟而做出的伟大奉献和成就。故选B。
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。
① Does a lake on fire sound impossible If you think that water can't burn, you need to leam more about pollution.
②Let's go and see Bellandur Lake in the city of Bengaluru in India. Bengaluru is the center for many heavy industries. Electrical and electronic goods, computer parts and parts for planes and space rockets are produced there. Much of the waste from these and a large amount of the wastewater from local people run into the lake.
③ These harmful mixed things have led the lake to become covered with a thick white foam(泡沫) that looks like snow when seen from far away. When the level of the water rises, the foam does too and covers nearby areas, even roads. When a fire breaks out on the lake, it is both frightening and dangerous. People who live or work near the lake also get seriously ill because of the pollution.
④ Th e fire has drawn a great deal of attention recently, but burning lakes are nothing new. Pollution mainly happens in developing countries like India today. In the past, it mainly took place in Europe and America. Cuyahoga River, a river in America, had caught fire at least 13 times. The fire that caused the most attention was in 1969 when oil-covered areas on the river were set on fire by sparks(火花) from a passing train. The fire reached a height of over five floors and burned for about half an hour. By that time, people in America were more aware of its dangers and wanted to change.
⑤As a result, the Environmental Protection Agency(EPA) was founded in 1970 and the Clean Water Act(1972) was put into use. This Act required all rivers throughout America be clean enough to safely allow swimmers and fish to pass through by 1983. Due to these efforts, the Cuyahoga River has never had another fire and over 60 different species of fish live in the river.
⑥ If history is a guide, will it be possible for people in India to bring an end to the pollution by changing the laws in their country, too Like many nations, it's necessary to raise awareness of environmental protection among the general public. All of us must act!
23．According to the passage, lakes can catch fire mainly because of ____ .
A．the rise of water level
B．sparks set by a passing train
C．fire from nearby woods
D．pollution from heavy industries
24．The example of Cuyahoga River in Paragraphs 4&5 is used to ____ to solve the problem.
A．show one possible way B．describe another serious fire
C．bring Environmental result D．show the worldwide pollution
25．The underlined words"its dangers"refer to"the dangers of ____ ".
A．sparks B．pollution C．foam D．snow
26．The structure(结构) of the passage might be ____ .
A． B．
C． D．
【答案】23．D
24．A
25．B
26．D
【知识点】环境污染问题；环保意识与环保行为；细节理解；推理判断；词义猜测
【解析】【分析】文章大意： 讨论了湖泊着火的现象，指出这种现象主要是由于污染造成的。文章通过印度班加罗尔的贝兰杜尔湖和美国凯霍加河的例子，说明了污染导致的环境问题及其可能的解决方案。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先快速浏览全文，了解文章的大致内容和主题；接着明确题目要求，带着问题回到文章中，仔细阅读相关内容，寻找与问题相关的信息，注意文章中的细节；然后将找到的信息与题目中的选项进行匹配，选择最符合文章内容的选项对于不确定的选项；最后验证答案。确保答案的准确性和完整性。
23．细节理解题。根据文中文章第②段明确指出"Bengaluru is the center for many heavy industries. Electrical and electronic goods, computer parts and parts for planes and space rockets are produced there. Much of the waste from these and a large amount of the wastewater from local people run into the lake." 班加罗尔是许多重工业的中心，电子产品、计算机零部件以及飞机和太空火箭的零部件都在那里生产，这些工业产生的大量废物以及当地居民的大量废水都排入了贝兰杜尔湖。第④段提到"Pollution mainly happens in developing countries like India today." 如今污染主要发生在印度等发展中国家。并且以美国过去河流污染为例，说明污染会导致湖泊河流出现包括着火等问题。这些内容综合表明湖泊着火主要是因为重工业污染。故答案为：D。
24．推理判断题。第④⑤段详细讲述了美国凯霍加河过去至少13次着火，尤其是1969年因火车火花引发大火，火势高达五层楼以上，燃烧约半小时。之后"the Environmental Protection Agency(EPA) was founded in 1970 and the Clean Water Act(1972) was put into use. This Act required all rivers throughout America be clean enough to safely allow swimmers and fish to pass through by 1983. Due to these efforts, the Cuyahoga River has never had another fire and over 60 different species of fish live in the river." 1970年成立了环境保护局，1972年《清洁水法》投入使用，该法案要求到1983年美国所有河流足够清洁，能安全允许游泳者和鱼类通过。由于这些努力，凯霍加河再也没有发生过火灾，并且有超过60种不同的鱼类生活在河中。通过这个例子展示了解决污染问题的一种可能方式。故答案为：A。
25．词义猜测题。前文一直在阐述污染带来的各种危害，如贝兰杜尔湖因污染出现泡沫、着火，危害周边居民健康；凯霍加河因污染多次着火等。"By that time, people in America were more aware of its dangers and wanted to change." 到那时，美国人更意识到"its dangers"并想要改变，结合前文对污染危害的描述，可知这里的"its dangers"指的就是污染的危险，故答案为：B。
26．推理判断题。第①段：引入主题，提出湖泊着火的现象。第②③段：详细描述了印度班加罗尔的贝兰杜尔湖因污染导致的问题。第④⑤段：通过美国凯霍加河的例子，展示了污染问题的历史背景和解决方案。第⑥段：总结全文，提出通过改变法律和提高公众环保意识来解决污染问题的可能性。因此文章的结构是总分总的结构。 故答案为：D。
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。
① Wh y do we do the things we do What drives our behavior Researchers have suggested different ways of thinking about motivation(动机), including looking at whether motivation comes from outside or inside a person.
② Extrinsic(外来的) motivation is when you decide to do something because you want to get a reward or avoid punishment. Intrinsic(内在的) motivation is when you do something because you find it enjoyable. The behavior itself is its own reward.
③ There are many advantages of intrinsic motivation. Firstly, it's lasting. It makes people willing to face challenges and work hard to achieve their goals. Besides, people with intrinsic motivation have a greater sense of satisfaction.
④ Most people think intrinsic motivation is best, but it is not always possible in every situation. Sometimes a person has an unpleasant task and he may not have internal(内部的) wish to complete it. That's when we need extrinsic motivation. But studies have shown that offering too many external(外部的) reward can reduce intrinsic motivation. For example, in a study, they became less interested in the toys.
⑤ Both extrinsic and intrinsic motivation play a key role in learning. Experts have argued that traditional education pays too much attention to external rewards, such as grades. This undermines the intrinsic motivation that students might already have. However, others have suggested that extrinsic motivation can help students feel more knowledgeable in class. It helps to build up their intrinsic motivation.
⑥ Understanding how each type of motivation works and when it is likely to be useful can help people complete tasks and improve their learning.
27．Which of the following is intrinsic motivation
A．Mike practices chess because he wants the first prize.
B．Frank studies math hard because he thinks it's fun.
C．Linda cleans her room to avoid being punished.
D．Jenny reads books to get good grades in Chinese.
28．How does the writer explain"too many external rewards can reduce intrinsic motivation""
A．By telling stories. B．By listing numbers.
C．By giving examples. D．By making comparisons.
29．What does the underlined word"undermines" in Para.5 mean
A．Argues. B．Reduces. C．Encourages. D．Suggests.
30．What is the best title for the passage
A．The Power of Intrinsic Motivation.
B．The Facts about Extrinsic Motivation.
C．How to Improve Motivation.
D．Extrinsic vs Intrinsic Motivation.
【答案】27．B
28．C
29．B
30．D
【知识点】议论文；自我认识；细节理解；词义猜测；标题选择
【解析】【分析】文章大意：探讨了人类行为的动机，介绍了外在动机（extrinsic motivation）和内在动机（intrinsic motivation）的定义，分析了内在动机的优点，指出在某些情况下外在动机的必要性以及过度使用外部奖励可能减少内在动机的问题，还讨论了两种动机在学习中的作用，最后强调了解两种动机类型的作用和使用场景的帮助意义。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节理解题要准确从文中定位关键信息；词义猜测题需结合上下文语境和逻辑关系来推断；主旨大意题要综合全文内容，把握文章核心主题。做这类题时，要认真阅读文章，理解各段落大意和细节，从而提高答题的准确率。
27．细节理解题。根据文章第②段"Intrinsic(内在的) motivation is when you do something because you find it enjoyable. The behavior itself is its own reward."（内在动机就是当你做某事是因为你发现它很有趣。这种行为本身就是一种奖励）可知，内在动机是因为觉得某事有趣而去做，行为本身就是回报。选项B中Frank因为觉得数学有趣而努力学习，符合内在动机的定义。故答案为：B。
28．细节理解题。文章第④段提到"But studies have shown that offering too many external(外部的) reward can reduce intrinsic motivation. For example, in a study, they became less interested in the toys." （但研究表明，提供过多的外部奖励会减少内在动机。例如，在一项研究中，他们对玩具的兴趣降低了）这里通过"in a study..."给出了一个研究的例子来说明过多的外部奖励会降低内在动机。所以作者是通过举例来解释的， 故答案为： C。
29．词义猜测题。根据第⑤段"Experts have argued that traditional education pays too much attention to external rewards, such as grades. This undermines the intrinsic motivation that students might already have."（专家们认为，传统教育过于重视外部奖励，比如分数。这削弱了学生可能已经具备的内在动机），可知 传统教育过于关注外部奖励，如分数，结合前文提到过多的外部奖励会降低内在动机，以及"However, others have suggested that extrinsic motivation can help students feel more knowledgeable in class. It helps to build up their intrinsic motivation."（然而，其他人认为外在动机可以帮助学生觉得在课堂上更有知识。它有助于建立他们的内在动机） 可知外部动机也有一定作用，因此这里是说传统教育对外部奖励的过度关注对学生已有的内在动机有负面影响。"undermines"意思接近"Reduces"（减少）， 故答案为： B。
30．标题选择题。文章围绕外在动机和内在动机展开，介绍了它们的定义、内在动机的优点、外在动机的必要性、过度外部奖励的影响以及两种动机在学习中的作用等内容。选项D"Extrinsic vs Intrinsic Motivation"（外在动机与内在动机）最能概括文章主旨， 故答案为： D。
五、任务型阅读(共5小题， 每小题2分， 满分10分
任务型阅读
Friends are very important in people's lives. Just as a saying goes, 　31． 　 I think it's very easy to make friends with other people and build a friendship between each other. However, it is not easy to get true friendship, I think. So what is true friendship In my opinion, true friendship includes:
First of all, true friendship must treat their friends loyally and help each other. In other words, you must not take advantage of your friends,　32． 　 For example, some unfriendly people make friends in order to cheat money and feelings, or get a certain secret. I don't think these are true friendships.
Second, 　33． 　 For example, if a friend is really in need of money to escape(逃避) from some troubles, true friends might lend it and help him or her.
Third, 　34． 　 One of the greatest men once said, "If you tell your happiness to your friend, you will get double happiness. If you tell your sadness to your friend, you will get half. "
A. friends must share their happiness and sadness. B. but you can borrow a lot of things from them. C. and you mustn't cheat them. D. true friends must try their best to help each other. E. no one can live alone in the world without friends.
How do you keep a true friendship with your friends 　35． 　 (不超过 15个词)
【答案】31．E；32．C；33．D；34．A；35．I usually help my friends with their study.
【知识点】教育类；议论文；自我认识；自我管理；学会学习
【解析】【分析】文章主要阐述了朋友在人们生活中的重要性，指出获得真正的友谊并不容易，并从三个方面阐述了真正的友谊所包含的内容，即忠诚互助、尽力相帮、分享喜忧，最后提出问题"如何与朋友保持真正的友谊"。
A. friends must share their happiness and sadness. 朋友必须分享他们的快乐和悲伤。
B. but you can borrow a lot of things from them. 但是你可以从他们那里借很多东西。
C. and you mustn't cheat them. 而且你不能欺骗他们。
D. true friends must try their best to help each other. 真正的朋友必须尽力互相帮助。
E. no one can live alone in the world without friends. 没有朋友，没有人能在世界上独自生活。
题目要求回答如何与朋友保持真正的友谊。
答案示例：
点评
本题考查任务型阅读，答题方法或技巧如下：
对于填空部分：首先要通读全文，了解文章主旨和各段落大意。然后仔细阅读每个空格所在的句子及上下文，分析句子之间的逻辑关系，根据语境和关键词从选项中选出最合适的答案。推理时要紧密结合上下文，不能脱离文本主观臆断。
对于开放性问题：要理解题目要求，明确回答的方向和要点。回答内容要合理、简洁，符合字数限制，同时要围绕如何保持真正友谊这一主题，可以从互相帮助、真诚沟通、关心支持等方面进行回答。
【点评】
31．根据"Just as a saying goes"（正如一句谚语所说），可知后面应该接一句谚语来阐述朋友的重要性。E选项"no one can live alone in the world without friends."（没有朋友，没有人能在世界上独自生活。）符合语境，是对朋友重要性的恰当表述。故答案为：E。
32．根据"you must not take advantage of your friends"（你不能利用你的朋友），后面进一步阐述不能对朋友做的其他不好的行为。C选项"and you mustn't cheat them."（而且你不能欺骗他们。）与前文逻辑连贯，都是关于对待朋友不应该做的负面行为。故答案为：C。
33．根据"For example, if a friend is really in need of money to escape(逃避) from some troubles, true friends might lend it and help him or her."（例如，如果一个朋友真的需要钱来摆脱一些麻烦，真正的朋友可能会借钱给他/她并帮助他/她。）这是对真正朋友之间互相帮助的具体举例。D选项"true friends must try their best to help each other."（真正的朋友必须尽力互相帮助。）可知刚好概括了该段主旨。故答案为：D。
34．根据"If you tell your happiness to your friend, you will get double happiness. If you tell your sadness to your friend, you will get half."（如果你把你的快乐告诉你的朋友，你会得到双倍的快乐。如果你把你的悲伤告诉你的朋友，你会减半。）说明了朋友之间应该分享快乐和悲伤。A选项"friends must share their happiness and sadness."（朋友必须分享他们的快乐和悲伤。）符合文意。故答案为：A。
35．文章围绕真正的友谊展开，阐述了真正友谊包含忠诚互助、尽力相帮、分享喜忧等方面。 故答案为： I usually help my friends with their study."
六、完形填空。(共15小题， 每小题1分， 满分15分
完形填空
One day, a hunter went hunting with his dog. He saw a rabbit running out of a bush not far in front and 36． raised his gun to shoot. The rabbit was hurt. It ran away 37． . The hunter waved to the dog to 38． it. The well- trained dog rushed like an arrow, running very fast and full of 39． .
The rabbit ran so desperately that it 40． not to have been hurt at all. However, the dog was surprisingly left behind. Gradually, the dog was losing sight of the rabbit. At last when the dog 41． empty- handed, the hunter was angry and blamed it," How 42． ! Unable to catch an injured rabbit! No supper for you." Feeling sad, the dog tried to explain for 43． ," Though I didn't catch it, I had done my best."
When the rabbit got home, all the other rabbits were surprised at its 44． . They were dying to ask," How did you 45． to run away when the dog almost caught you It's unbelievable! " The frightened rabbit answered," The dog would only be blamed for not catching me at most, 46． all it did was to do its best. The situation was completely different 47． me. I would surely lose my life 48． I was caught. I had to go all out(竭尽全力)!"
We can learn a lesson for our daily life from the story. Have we ever examined ourselves and asked 49． we did our best or went all out when we looked for a(n) 50． for our failure
36．A． slowly B． quickly C． easily D． strangely
37．A． in order B． in need
C． in fear D． in surprise
38．A． bar k at B． look at C． look after D． run after
39．A． knowledge B． kindness C． humor D． confidence
40．A． seemed B． became C． tasted D． sounded
41．A． followed B． left C． returned D． waited
42．A． careless B． useless C． homeless D． harmless
43．A． itself B． it C． himself D． him
44．A． sadness B． luck C． worry D． patience
45．A． succeed B． fail C． manage D． suggest
46．A． but B． or C． yet D． so
47．A． from B． for C． as D． of
48．A． though B． unless C． until D． if
49．A． whether B． that C． what D． where
50．A． respect B． hope C． excuse D． effect
【答案】36．B；37．C；38．D；39．D；40．A；41．C；42．B；43．A；44．B；45．C；46．D；47．B；48．D；49．A；50．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要是通过讲述狗追赶兔子的故事告诉我们：在遇到问题时，只是尽力和竭尽所能所得到的结果是截然不同的。
【点评】考查完形填空。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读—遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。
36．句意：他看到前面不远处的灌木丛中跑出一只兔子，便迅速举起枪准备射击。A.slowly缓慢地；B.quickly快速地；C.easily简单地；D.strangely奇怪地。根据语境"He saw a rabbit running out of a bush not far in front..."以及常识可知，猎人看见兔子是会迅速地举起枪，此处应是"快速地"，故选B。
37．句意：它恐惧地跑开了。A.in order排序；B.in need需要；C.in fear恐惧；D.in surprise吃惊地。根据语境"The rabbit was hurt."可知，兔子受伤了，此处应是"很害怕，很恐惧"，故选C。
38．句意：猎人向狗招手，叫它跟着跑。A.bark at吠叫；B.look at看着；C.look after照顾；D.run after追赶。根据后文语境"The well-trained dog rushed like an arrow, running very fast"可知，这只狗训练有素，此处应是让狗去"追赶"猎物，故选D。
39．句意：那只训练有素的狗像箭一样冲了过来，跑得很快，充满了信心。A.knowledge知识；B.kindness仁慈，善良；C.humor幽默；D.confidence自信。根据语境"The well-trained dog rushed like an arrow, running very fast"可知，这只狗训练有素，跑得很快，此处应是"充满自信"，故选D。
40．句意：兔子拼命地跑着，看起来一点也没有受伤。A.seemed似乎；B.became变成；C.tasted品尝；D.sounded听起来。根据语境"The rabbit ran so desperately"可知，兔子拼命地奔跑，就好像是没有受过伤似的。此处应是"似乎，好像"，故选A。
41．句意：最后，当狗空手而归时，猎人生气地责备它："多么没用啊！"A.followed跟随；B.left离开；C.returned返回；D.waited等待。根据语境"...empty- handed, the hunter was angry and
blamed"可知，空手回来，此处应是"返回"，故选C。
42．句意：最后，当狗空手而归时，猎人生气地责备它："多么没用啊！"A.careless粗心的；B.useless无用的；C.homeless无家可归的；D.harmless无害的。根据语境"...empty- handed, the hunter was
angry and blamed"可知，空手而过，受到了责备，此处应是"无用的"，故选B。
43．句意：狗很伤心，试图为自己解释："虽然我没有抓住它，但我已经尽力了。"A.itself它自己；B.it它；C.himself他自己；D.him他。根据语境"Though I didn't catch it, I had done my best."可知，"虽然我没有捉住它，我已经尽了最大的努力。"狗觉得很难过，试图为"它自己"解释，故选A。
44．句意：当兔子回到家时，所有其他的兔子都对它的运气感到惊讶。A.sadness悲伤；B.luck运气；C.worry担心，担忧；D.patience耐心。根据语境"They were dying to ask"以及上下文语境联系可知，此处应是"运气"，故选B。
45．句意：狗差点抓住你，你是怎么设法跑掉的？A.succeed成功；B.fail失败，不及格；C.manage管理；D.suggest建议。根据语境"How did you...to run away when the dog almost caught you "可知，此处应是"manage to do sth.，设法做成某事，固定搭配"，故选C。
46．句意：那只狗最多只能因为没抓到我而受到责备，所以它所做的一切都是尽力而为。A.but但是；B.or或者；C.yet然而；D.so因此。根据语境"The dog would only be blamed for not catching me at most,...all it did was to do its best."可知，狗没有抓住我，最多只是被责备而已，所以它所做的是尽最大努力。此处应是"so"，故选D。
47．句意：对我来说，情况完全不同。A.from来自；B.for为了；C.as正如；D.of......的。根据语境"The situation was completely different...me"可知，此处应是"对我而言"，用for，故选B。
48．句意：如果我被抓住，我肯定会没命的。A.though虽然；B.unless除非；C.until直到；D.if如果。根据语境"I would surely lose my life...I was caught."可知，此处应是"如果"，故选D。
49．句意：当我们为自己的失败找借口的时候，我们是否曾经审视过自己，问自己是否已经尽了最大的努力或者全力以赴了？A.whether是否；B.that那个；C.what什么；D.where在哪里。根据语境"Have we ever examined ourselves and asked...we did our best or went all out..."可知，此处应是"whether…or…是……还是……，固定搭配"，故选A。
50．句意：当我们为自己的失败找借口的时候，我们是否曾经审视过自己，问自己是否已经尽了最大的努力或者全力以赴了？A.respect尊重；B.hope希望；C.excuse借口；D.effect影响。根据语境"Have we ever examined ourselves and asked whether we did our best or went all out when we looked for an...for our failure "可知，此处应是为失败找"借口"，故选C。
七、词汇运用。(共15小题， 每小题1分， 满分15分
A. 用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。
opinion realise include communicate brave
Re: Worry about living at school Aug,28,2024,8:30 am Hi, Sandy. Don't worry. You will face your difficulties much 　51． 　 after you live at school. Here is my advice. 1. Learn to do some housework from now on, 　52． 　 washing clothes and making the bed. These basic life skills are necessary for you. 2. Keep quiet at bed time and remember to tidy up the room. In my 　53． 　 they are both important. 3. When you have trouble 　54． 　 with your roommates, ask your teachers for help. Living at school is not bad at all. You 　55． 　 the advantages of living at school after you try. Come on!
【答案】51．more bravely；52．including；53．opinion；54．communicating；55．will realise
【知识点】其他语篇类型；学校生活；人际关系与交往；自我管理；生活自理；communicate；including；opinion
【解析】【分析】这是Johnny D给Sandy回信，Sandy担心住校生活，Johnny D在信中给出了自己的建议，包括学习做家务、保持安静并整理房间、与室友有问题时向老师求助，最后鼓励Sandy尝试后会意识到住校的好处。
opinion意见；看法；realise意识到；实现；include包括；包含；communicate交流；沟通；brave勇敢的。
【点评】考查选词填空。首先要理解每个单词的词义和词性，然后通读短文，了解文章大意，根据上下文的逻辑关系和固定搭配来选择合适的单词，同时要注意单词的正确形式，如动词的时态、语态，名词的单复数，形容词和副词的比较级等。
51．句意：住校后你会更勇敢地面对困难。根据"after you live at school"可知，住校是一种锻炼，会让人在面对困难时更加勇敢，这里需要用副词修饰动词"face"，"brave"的副词形式是"bravely"，且根据语境要用比较级"more bravely"。故答案为：more bravely。
52．句意：从现在开始学会做一些家务，包括洗衣服和铺床。根据"Learn to do some housework from now on"以及后面具体列举的"washing clothes and making the bed"可知，这里是在说家务包含的内容，"include"的适当形式符合语境，此处用现在分词"including"表示"包括"，是常用用法。故答案为：including。
53．句意：在我看来，它们都很重要。根据"they are both important"可知，这是作者表达自己的观点，"in one's opinion"是固定短语，意为"在某人看来"。故答案为：opinion。
54．句意：当你和室友有问题时，向你的老师求助。根据"ask your teachers for help"可知，是和室友之间有问题需要沟通解决，"have trouble (in) doing sth."是固定搭配，意为"做某事有困难"，"communicate"的动名词形式是"communicating"。故答案为：communicating。
55．句意：尝试后你会意识到住校的好处。根据"Living at school is not bad at all."以及"after you try"可知，尝试之后会意识到住校的好处，"realise"符合语境，且根据"after you try"可知，这里用一般将来时"will realise"。故答案为：will realise。
B. 根据文章大意， 所给中文或首字母提示， 在空白处填入单词的适当形式， 每空限填一词。
Do you know some interesting sleeping habits of animals When you get really s　56． 　 , you may nod off for a short time. What about animals Some of them have such　57． 　 (特殊的) habits. Chinstrap Penguins in the South Pole nod off more than10,000 times a day!
A group of 　58． 　 (科学家) studied 14Chinstrap Penguins in the South Pole. They put electrodes(电极) on the penguins' heads and necks to see their brain 　59． 　 (活动). They also 　60． 　 (跟随) and watched the penguins by GPS for 10 days.
The penguins n　61． 　 have a long sleep, the longest sleep is only 34 seconds. On average, the penguins sleep 4 seconds at a time. But in one day, they sleep for more than 11 hours. So they get enough rest. If they sleep for too long, the babies will 　62． 　 (可能地) get hurt by seabirds and other penguins. So they need to p　63． 　 their eggs and babies. Also, their home is usually noisy and 　64． 　 (拥挤的). So the parent penguins just have very short sleep to stay alert(警觉的). That's actually a way to live in the　65． 　 (自然).
【答案】56．sleepy；57．special；58．scientists；59．activities；60．followed；61．never；62．probably/ possibly；63．protect；64．crowded；65．nature
【知识点】说明文；自然科学研究
【解析】【分析】 文章大意：主要介绍了南极帽带企鹅独特的睡眠习惯。
sleepy困倦的；special特殊的；scientists科学家；activities活动；followed跟随；never从不probably / possibly可能地；protect保护；crowded拥挤的；nature自然。
【点评】考查单词拼写。根据语境和语法填空。首先要通读全文，把握文章的整体意思和语境。然后逐个分析每个空所在的句子，根据上下文确定所需的词性、词义和语法形式。对于动词，要注意时态、语态和主谓一致；对于名词，要注意单复数；对于形容词和副词，要注意比较等级和修饰关系等。同时，要结合一些固定搭配和短语来确定答案。
56．句意：当你真的很困倦的时候，你可能会短暂地打瞌睡。sleepy，形容词，困倦的。从you may nod off for a short time（你可能会短暂地打瞌睡）能看出，人打瞌睡是因为有困倦的状态，get后接形容词作表语，结合首字母s，可知是形容词sleepy。故答案为：sleepy。
57．句意：它们中的一些有如此特殊的习惯。特殊的special。此空需形容词修饰habits（习惯），结合前文提及动物有趣的睡眠习惯，这里用special来描述这些习惯很合适。故答案为：special。
58．句意：一组科学家研究了南极的14只帽带企鹅。科学家scientist，可数名词。A group of表示一组，后接名词复数，scientist的复数形式是scientists。故答案为：scientists。
59．句意：他们在企鹅的头上和脖子上放置电极来观察它们的大脑活动。活动activity，可数名词。大脑活动种类多，可知activity用复数activities，表示泛指的大脑活动。故答案为：activities。
60．句意：他们还用GPS跟踪并观察了企鹅10天。跟随，follow。根据watched，可知句子时态为一般过去时，follow与watched并列，用过去式。故答案为：followed。
61．句意：企鹅从不长时间睡眠，最长的睡眠只有34秒。从不never，副词。由On average, the penguins sleep 4 seconds at a time.（平均来说，企鹅一次睡4秒）可知企鹅每次睡眠时间短，所以用never表示它们不会长时间睡眠。故答案为：never。
62．句意：如果它们睡得太久，幼崽可能会被海鸟和其他企鹅伤害。probably或possibly可能地。此空需副词修饰动词短语get hurt，probably / possibly都有可能地之意，符合语境。故答案为：probably/ possibly。
63．句意：所以它们需要保护它们的蛋和幼崽。结合前文企鹅幼崽可能被伤害，可知企鹅父母要保护蛋和幼崽，结合首字母p，用动词protect。need to do sth.表示需要做某事，因此直接填protect。故答案为：protect。
64．句意：而且，它们的家通常很嘈杂和拥挤。拥挤的crowded。and连接两个并列形容词，crowded与noisy（嘈杂的）并列，用于描述企鹅栖息地环境。故答案为：crowded。
65．句意：那实际上是在自然界中生存的一种方式。自然nature。In the nature是固定短语，意为在自然界中，符合文章表达的生存方式语境。故答案为：nature。
八、语法填空。(共10小题， 每小题1分， 满分10分
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
In the final of the men's 100m freestyle at the 2024 Paris Olympics, Chinese athlete Pan Zhanle achieved an unbelievable time of 46.40 seconds, breaking the world record and 　66． 　( success) winning the gold medal. This is the 　67． 　( nine) gold medal for the Chinese delegation(代表团) 　68． 　 this Olympics. It's also the first time that a Chinese athlete has won 　69． 　 Olympic championship(冠军) in the men's 100m freestyle event.
Foreign reporters 　70． 　 ( give) high praise to Pan Zhanle since he won the first place. He has become 　71． 　 ( fast) man in the world now and the most shining Asian star in the swimming pool. After the competition, Pan Zhanle was very proud of 　72． 　 ( he). He said that this gold medal was of great importance to the country 　73． 　 it was the first time that a Chinese had created history in this event. Facing the disregard(漠视) of foreign athletes, he responded(回应) with result of breaking the world record 　74． 　( answer) everything and winning the recognition (认可) of foreign audiences and athletes. His great achievement 　75． 　 ( encourage) more and more Chinese kids to learn swimming in the future.
【答案】66．successfully；67．ninth；68．at；69．an；70．have given；71．the fastest；72．himself；73．because；74．to answer；75．will encourage
【知识点】记叙文；优秀运动员及其体育成就；an；at；because；himself；ninth；successfully
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要是讲述了潘展乐在巴黎奥运会上获得男子100米自由泳金牌的事迹。
【点评】考查语法填空。语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。对于同义词和近义词的选项，在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配。
66．句意：在2024年巴黎奥运会男子100米自由泳决赛中，中国运动员潘战乐以令人难以置信的46.40秒的成绩打破世界纪录，成功夺得金牌。success，成功，不可数名词。根据句子结构分析，此处应是修饰动词winning，需用副词形式successfully（成功地）。故答案为：successfully。
67．句意：这是中国代表团在本届奥运会上获得的第九枚金牌。nine，九，基数词。空格前的the修饰序数词。此处应用表示顺序的序数词ninth"第九"。故答案为：ninth。
68．句意：这是中国代表团在本届奥运会上获得的第九枚金牌。根据句子结构分析，此处应是"at this Olympics，在这届奥运会上，固定搭配"。故答案为：at。
69．句意：这也是中国运动员第一次在男子100米自由泳项目中获得奥运会冠军。根据语境"It's also the first time that a Chinese athlete has won...Olympic championship in the men's 100m freestyle event."可知，此处应是泛指"一个奥运冠军"，且Olympic以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故答案为：an。
70．句意：自从潘展乐获得第一名后，外国记者对他给予了高度评价。give，给予，动词。根据语境"since he won the first place."可知，句子用现在完成时，结构为：主语+have/has+动词过去分词+其它。此处主语是名词复数，助动词用have。故答案为：have given。
71．句意：他现在已经成为世界上跑得最快的人，也是游泳池里最耀眼的亚洲明星。fast，快速的，形容词。根据后文语境"in the world"可知，此处意指是世界上最快的人，用最高级fastest，最高级前加定冠词the。故答案为：the fastest。
72．句意：比赛结束后，潘展乐为自己感到非常自豪。he，他，人称代词主格。根据语境"Pan Zhanle was very proud of..."可知，此处意指他为自己感到骄傲，应用反身代词himself"他自己"。故答案为：himself。
73．句意：他说，这枚金牌对中国来说非常重要，因为这是中国人第一次在这个项目上创造历史。根据语境"He said that this gold medal was of great importance to the country...it was the first time that a Chinese had created history in this event."可知，此处应是因果关系，后句是前句的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故答案为：because。
74．句意：面对外国运动员的漠视，他以打破世界纪录的成绩回答了一切，赢得了外国观众和运动员的认可。根据语境"...responded (回应) with result of breaking the world record..."可知，此处应是目的，需用动词不定式做作目的状语。故答案为：to answer。
75．句意：他的伟大成就将鼓励越来越多的中国孩子学习游泳。encourage，鼓励，动词。根据语境"in the future."可知，句子用一般将来时，结构为：will+动词原形。故答案为：will encourage。
九、书面表达。(共1小题， 满分20分
76． 假设你是李华， 为提升学生的环保意识和动手能力， 你校将于下周举办"旧物可循环， 环境需守护"为主题的环保作品展( Eco-friendly Works Exhibition)。请根据以下图示, 用英文给你的交换生好友 John写一封电子邮件， 介绍这项活动并邀请他参加。
要求：(1)短文必须思维导图中的所有要点， 可适当发挥；(2)100词左右(标题和开头都已给出， 不计入总词数)；(3)文中不得出现真实人名和校名。
Dear John,
I am pleased to tell you that our school is going to hold the"Environmental Protection Exhibition".
【答案】略
【知识点】材料作文；说明文；环保意识与环保行为；学校生活；校园文化
【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。写作要求是李华以自己的身份给交换生好友John写邮件，介绍学校下周举办的以"旧物可循环，环境需守护"（Eco - friendly Works Exhibition）为主题的环保作品展并邀请其参加。写作步骤可先表明写信目的，接着介绍活动的主题、时间、地点、内容等信息，最后表达邀请的诚意与期待。写作内容围绕活动介绍和邀请展开。所用时态主要为一般将来时（用于介绍活动的时间安排等未来事项）和一般现在时（用于阐述活动的意义等）。知识点包括电子邮件的格式、环保相关的词汇和表达等。需要注意语言简洁明了、信息准确完整、态度真诚友好。
【点评】考查材料作文。写此类作文，需注意以下要点：结构要清晰，遵循电子邮件的常见结构，开头已给出，中间要详细介绍活动情况，结尾表达邀请和祝福等。内容应涵盖活动的关键信息，如主题、时间、地点、活动内容等，同时要突出活动的意义，如提升学生的环保意识和动手能力等。中心思想要明确，即邀请John参加环保作品展，传达环保理念。注意语言要符合英语电子邮件的表达习惯，避免过于复杂的句子结构；注意格式的正确性，如段落分明、标点符号正确使用等；表达要真诚，体现出对朋友的尊重和热情邀请。写作中可能需要用到的较好的句子或者短语： be scheduled to 预定，计划；raise public awareness of 提高公众对……的意识；take part in参加 I'm excited to tell you that our school is going to hold an Eco - friendly Works Exhibition with the theme of 'Old things can be recycled, and the environment needs to be protected' next week. I sincerely hope that you can take part in this meaningful activity. I believe it will be an unforgettable experience for you.
1 / 1浙江省杭州市临平区2024-2025学年九年级上学期英语9月独立作业
一、第一部分听力理解(共15小题， 每小题1分， 满分20分)第一节： 听小对话， 从A、B、C三个选项中选出正确的选项， 回答问题。(共5 小题， 每小题1分， 满分5分
1． What is Will's animal sign
A．The Horse. B．The Sheep. C．The monkey.
2． What's wrong with Mike
A．He has a cough.
B．He has a fever.
C．He has a headache.
3． Where are the speakers
A．In an art museum
B．In a science museum
C．In a nature museum.
4． Whose gloves are these
A．Jim's. B．Jack's. C．Jerry's.
5． What is the relationship between the two speakers
A．Teacher and student.
B．Doctor and patient.
C．Husband and wife.
二、第一部分听力理解(共15小题， 每小题1分， 满分20分)第二节： 听长对话， 从A、B、C三个选项中选出正确的选项， 回答问题。(共5 小题, 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分
听录音，回答问题。
6．Where are they going
A．To the lake. B．To the sea. C．To the park.
7．How soon will they get there
A．In five minutes.
B．In ten minutes.
C．In fifteen minutes.
听录音，回答问题。
8．When will the two speakers go to the library
A．At 7:30 a. m..
B．At 8:00 a m..
C．At 10:30 a. m..
9．Why does the girl want to come back before 10:30
A．She has a tennis class.
B．She has a Chinese class.
C．She has an English exam.
10．What will they do after 3:30 in the afternoon
A．Play volleyball.
B．Take a walk.
C．Visit their teachers.
三、第一部分听力理解(共15小题， 每小题1分， 满分20分)第三节：听下面一段独白独白， 从A、B、C三个选项中选择正确的选项。(共5 小题, 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分
听下面一段独白独白， 从A、B、C三个选项中选择正确的选项
11．When did George buy a small plane
A．At the age of 25.
B．At the age of 30.
C．At the age of 35.
12．What happened to Mark one day
A．George invited him to take his plane.
B．Mark decided to fly the plane himself.
C．Mark and George travelled in a big plane.
13．How long did George fly in the air
A．For half an hour.
B．For an hour.
C．For two hours.
14．How did Mark feel in the air
A．Relaxed. B．Surprised. C．Fearful
15．How many trips did Mark take in the small plane
A．One. B．Two. C．Three.
四、阅读理解。(共15小题， 每小题2分， 满分30分
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。
With the rapid development of short videos, their widespread use has become a major trend. A recent study surveyed 1,557 Chinese people about their short video-watching habits. It found that people may be so immersed(沉迷的) in short videos that they cannot stop watching them.
16．How many people who are surveyed really enjoy watching short videos
A．About 132. B．About 539. C．About 827. D．About 1365.
17．How long do most people watch short videos at a time
A．Less than I hour. B．More than 1 hour.
C．More than 3 hours. D．More than 5 hours.
18．In which kind of magazine may you read this article
A．Business. B．Science. C．Sports. D．Entertainment.
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D) 中选出最佳选项。
①On Sept.7, famous Chinese archaeologist(考古学家) Fan Jinshi, 85, was awarded by UNESCO for her contribution to the protection of the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang.
②Called the" daughter of Dunhuang", her story with the caves started 60 years ago. In 1963, Fan, then a 25- year- old Peking University graduate, had the chance to work at the Mogao Caves.
③" Seeing Dunhuang for the first time was breathtaking. But only when truly staying here did I realize that inside the caves is a world of divine beauty while outside is a land of blowing sand and yellow earth," Fan told Gansu Daily.
④Back in those days, the Mogao Caves were almost completely cut off from the world. Fan and her coworkers had to live in mud houses and drink salty water. They stayed inside the Caves to copy murals(壁画) and do whatever they could to protect and restore them. In 2011 after 40 years of hard work, a report on 10 Mogao Caves by Fan's team was finally published. It was known as China's first professional report on cave archaeology.
⑤As time passed. Fan found a serious problem. The increasing number of tourists visiting Dunhuang might harm the caves, causing the murals inside to fade. Something needed to be done to protect Dunhuang's heritage.
⑥In the late 1980s, Fan stumbled upon computer technology by chance. She realized that this might protect the Mogao Caves forever. After over 30 years of exploration, the Dunhuang Academy built a digital database to protect cultural relics(文物) there, allowing Dunhuang's art to live forever and to step out of the caves to meet the world.
⑦" In my whole life, I've only done one thing: protect and promote the world cultural heritage of the Mogao Caves," she told People's Daily." My heart belongs to Dunhuang."
19．How old was Fan Jinshi when she started working in the caves
A．25. B．30. C．60. D．85.
20．What may people think of working in Dunhua ng in 1963
A．Convenient. B．Relaxing. C．Boring. D．Difficult.
21．How does computer technology protect the Mogao Caves according to Para.6
A．People can admire the Mogao Caves on the Internet.
B．People can buy tickets easily to enter the Mogao Caves.
C．It can help people do research on the Mogao Caves.
D．It can remind people not to harm the Mogao Caves.
22．What's the purpose of writing the passage
A．To encourage tourists to travel to Dunhuang.
B．To praise Fan for her achievements in Dunhuang.
C．To show readers the beauty of the Mogao Caves.
D．To ask people to protect the Mogao Caves together.
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。
① Does a lake on fire sound impossible If you think that water can't burn, you need to leam more about pollution.
②Let's go and see Bellandur Lake in the city of Bengaluru in India. Bengaluru is the center for many heavy industries. Electrical and electronic goods, computer parts and parts for planes and space rockets are produced there. Much of the waste from these and a large amount of the wastewater from local people run into the lake.
③ These harmful mixed things have led the lake to become covered with a thick white foam(泡沫) that looks like snow when seen from far away. When the level of the water rises, the foam does too and covers nearby areas, even roads. When a fire breaks out on the lake, it is both frightening and dangerous. People who live or work near the lake also get seriously ill because of the pollution.
④ Th e fire has drawn a great deal of attention recently, but burning lakes are nothing new. Pollution mainly happens in developing countries like India today. In the past, it mainly took place in Europe and America. Cuyahoga River, a river in America, had caught fire at least 13 times. The fire that caused the most attention was in 1969 when oil-covered areas on the river were set on fire by sparks(火花) from a passing train. The fire reached a height of over five floors and burned for about half an hour. By that time, people in America were more aware of its dangers and wanted to change.
⑤As a result, the Environmental Protection Agency(EPA) was founded in 1970 and the Clean Water Act(1972) was put into use. This Act required all rivers throughout America be clean enough to safely allow swimmers and fish to pass through by 1983. Due to these efforts, the Cuyahoga River has never had another fire and over 60 different species of fish live in the river.
⑥ If history is a guide, will it be possible for people in India to bring an end to the pollution by changing the laws in their country, too Like many nations, it's necessary to raise awareness of environmental protection among the general public. All of us must act!
23．According to the passage, lakes can catch fire mainly because of ____ .
A．the rise of water level
B．sparks set by a passing train
C．fire from nearby woods
D．pollution from heavy industries
24．The example of Cuyahoga River in Paragraphs 4&5 is used to ____ to solve the problem.
A．show one possible way B．describe another serious fire
C．bring Environmental result D．show the worldwide pollution
25．The underlined words"its dangers"refer to"the dangers of ____ ".
A．sparks B．pollution C．foam D．snow
26．The structure(结构) of the passage might be ____ .
A． B．
C． D．
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。
① Wh y do we do the things we do What drives our behavior Researchers have suggested different ways of thinking about motivation(动机), including looking at whether motivation comes from outside or inside a person.
② Extrinsic(外来的) motivation is when you decide to do something because you want to get a reward or avoid punishment. Intrinsic(内在的) motivation is when you do something because you find it enjoyable. The behavior itself is its own reward.
③ There are many advantages of intrinsic motivation. Firstly, it's lasting. It makes people willing to face challenges and work hard to achieve their goals. Besides, people with intrinsic motivation have a greater sense of satisfaction.
④ Most people think intrinsic motivation is best, but it is not always possible in every situation. Sometimes a person has an unpleasant task and he may not have internal(内部的) wish to complete it. That's when we need extrinsic motivation. But studies have shown that offering too many external(外部的) reward can reduce intrinsic motivation. For example, in a study, they became less interested in the toys.
⑤ Both extrinsic and intrinsic motivation play a key role in learning. Experts have argued that traditional education pays too much attention to external rewards, such as grades. This undermines the intrinsic motivation that students might already have. However, others have suggested that extrinsic motivation can help students feel more knowledgeable in class. It helps to build up their intrinsic motivation.
⑥ Understanding how each type of motivation works and when it is likely to be useful can help people complete tasks and improve their learning.
27．Which of the following is intrinsic motivation
A．Mike practices chess because he wants the first prize.
B．Frank studies math hard because he thinks it's fun.
C．Linda cleans her room to avoid being punished.
D．Jenny reads books to get good grades in Chinese.
28．How does the writer explain"too many external rewards can reduce intrinsic motivation""
A．By telling stories. B．By listing numbers.
C．By giving examples. D．By making comparisons.
29．What does the underlined word"undermines" in Para.5 mean
A．Argues. B．Reduces. C．Encourages. D．Suggests.
30．What is the best title for the passage
A．The Power of Intrinsic Motivation.
B．The Facts about Extrinsic Motivation.
C．How to Improve Motivation.
D．Extrinsic vs Intrinsic Motivation.
五、任务型阅读(共5小题， 每小题2分， 满分10分
任务型阅读
Friends are very important in people's lives. Just as a saying goes, 　31． 　 I think it's very easy to make friends with other people and build a friendship between each other. However, it is not easy to get true friendship, I think. So what is true friendship In my opinion, true friendship includes:
First of all, true friendship must treat their friends loyally and help each other. In other words, you must not take advantage of your friends,　32． 　 For example, some unfriendly people make friends in order to cheat money and feelings, or get a certain secret. I don't think these are true friendships.
Second, 　33． 　 For example, if a friend is really in need of money to escape(逃避) from some troubles, true friends might lend it and help him or her.
Third, 　34． 　 One of the greatest men once said, "If you tell your happiness to your friend, you will get double happiness. If you tell your sadness to your friend, you will get half. "
A. friends must share their happiness and sadness. B. but you can borrow a lot of things from them. C. and you mustn't cheat them. D. true friends must try their best to help each other. E. no one can live alone in the world without friends.
How do you keep a true friendship with your friends 　35． 　 (不超过 15个词)
六、完形填空。(共15小题， 每小题1分， 满分15分
完形填空
One day, a hunter went hunting with his dog. He saw a rabbit running out of a bush not far in front and 36． raised his gun to shoot. The rabbit was hurt. It ran away 37． . The hunter waved to the dog to 38． it. The well- trained dog rushed like an arrow, running very fast and full of 39． .
The rabbit ran so desperately that it 40． not to have been hurt at all. However, the dog was surprisingly left behind. Gradually, the dog was losing sight of the rabbit. At last when the dog 41． empty- handed, the hunter was angry and blamed it," How 42． ! Unable to catch an injured rabbit! No supper for you." Feeling sad, the dog tried to explain for 43． ," Though I didn't catch it, I had done my best."
When the rabbit got home, all the other rabbits were surprised at its 44． . They were dying to ask," How did you 45． to run away when the dog almost caught you It's unbelievable! " The frightened rabbit answered," The dog would only be blamed for not catching me at most, 46． all it did was to do its best. The situation was completely different 47． me. I would surely lose my life 48． I was caught. I had to go all out(竭尽全力)!"
We can learn a lesson for our daily life from the story. Have we ever examined ourselves and asked 49． we did our best or went all out when we looked for a(n) 50． for our failure
36．A． slowly B． quickly C． easily D． strangely
37．A． in order B． in need
C． in fear D． in surprise
38．A． bar k at B． look at C． look after D． run after
39．A． knowledge B． kindness C． humor D． confidence
40．A． seemed B． became C． tasted D． sounded
41．A． followed B． left C． returned D． waited
42．A． careless B． useless C． homeless D． harmless
43．A． itself B． it C． himself D． him
44．A． sadness B． luck C． worry D． patience
45．A． succeed B． fail C． manage D． suggest
46．A． but B． or C． yet D． so
47．A． from B． for C． as D． of
48．A． though B． unless C． until D． if
49．A． whether B． that C． what D． where
50．A． respect B． hope C． excuse D． effect
七、词汇运用。(共15小题， 每小题1分， 满分15分
A. 用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。
opinion realise include communicate brave
Re: Worry about living at school Aug,28,2024,8:30 am Hi, Sandy. Don't worry. You will face your difficulties much 　51． 　 after you live at school. Here is my advice. 1. Learn to do some housework from now on, 　52． 　 washing clothes and making the bed. These basic life skills are necessary for you. 2. Keep quiet at bed time and remember to tidy up the room. In my 　53． 　 they are both important. 3. When you have trouble 　54． 　 with your roommates, ask your teachers for help. Living at school is not bad at all. You 　55． 　 the advantages of living at school after you try. Come on!
B. 根据文章大意， 所给中文或首字母提示， 在空白处填入单词的适当形式， 每空限填一词。
Do you know some interesting sleeping habits of animals When you get really s　56． 　 , you may nod off for a short time. What about animals Some of them have such　57． 　 (特殊的) habits. Chinstrap Penguins in the South Pole nod off more than10,000 times a day!
A group of 　58． 　 (科学家) studied 14Chinstrap Penguins in the South Pole. They put electrodes(电极) on the penguins' heads and necks to see their brain 　59． 　 (活动). They also 　60． 　 (跟随) and watched the penguins by GPS for 10 days.
The penguins n　61． 　 have a long sleep, the longest sleep is only 34 seconds. On average, the penguins sleep 4 seconds at a time. But in one day, they sleep for more than 11 hours. So they get enough rest. If they sleep for too long, the babies will 　62． 　 (可能地) get hurt by seabirds and other penguins. So they need to p　63． 　 their eggs and babies. Also, their home is usually noisy and 　64． 　 (拥挤的). So the parent penguins just have very short sleep to stay alert(警觉的). That's actually a way to live in the　65． 　 (自然).
八、语法填空。(共10小题， 每小题1分， 满分10分
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
In the final of the men's 100m freestyle at the 2024 Paris Olympics, Chinese athlete Pan Zhanle achieved an unbelievable time of 46.40 seconds, breaking the world record and 　66． 　( success) winning the gold medal. This is the 　67． 　( nine) gold medal for the Chinese delegation(代表团) 　68． 　 this Olympics. It's also the first time that a Chinese athlete has won 　69． 　 Olympic championship(冠军) in the men's 100m freestyle event.
Foreign reporters 　70． 　 ( give) high praise to Pan Zhanle since he won the first place. He has become 　71． 　 ( fast) man in the world now and the most shining Asian star in the swimming pool. After the competition, Pan Zhanle was very proud of 　72． 　 ( he). He said that this gold medal was of great importance to the country 　73． 　 it was the first time that a Chinese had created history in this event. Facing the disregard(漠视) of foreign athletes, he responded(回应) with result of breaking the world record 　74． 　( answer) everything and winning the recognition (认可) of foreign audiences and athletes. His great achievement 　75． 　 ( encourage) more and more Chinese kids to learn swimming in the future.
九、书面表达。(共1小题， 满分20分
76． 假设你是李华， 为提升学生的环保意识和动手能力， 你校将于下周举办"旧物可循环， 环境需守护"为主题的环保作品展( Eco-friendly Works Exhibition)。请根据以下图示, 用英文给你的交换生好友 John写一封电子邮件， 介绍这项活动并邀请他参加。
要求：(1)短文必须思维导图中的所有要点， 可适当发挥；(2)100词左右(标题和开头都已给出， 不计入总词数)；(3)文中不得出现真实人名和校名。
Dear John,
I am pleased to tell you that our school is going to hold the"Environmental Protection Exhibition".
答案解析部分
1．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话理解；询问时间
【解析】【听力原文】W: Hello, Will! When were you born
M:I was born on February the eighth, 2003. My animal sign is the Sheep.
【分析】句意：Will的生肖是什么。A.The Horse.马；B.The Sheep.羊；C.The monkey.猴子。根据原文Will明确的回答"My animal sign is the Sheep."（我的生肖是羊。），可知Will的生肖是羊。故答案为：B。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意在听力过程中，要提前快速浏览题目和选项，明确问题的关键信息，即要获取的是Will的生肖内容。在听对话时，重点捕捉与生肖相关的关键语句，避免受到其他无关信息的干扰。这种做题方法有助于提高听力的准确性和效率。
2．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话理解；询问感受；礼貌用语
【解析】【听力原文】W: You don't look well. What's the matter with you, Mike
M:I have a headache.
【分析】句意：Mike怎么了。A .He has a cough.他咳嗽；B.He has a fever.；C.He has a headache.他头痛。根据原文中Mike的回答"I have a headache."（我头痛。），可知Mike是头痛。故答案为：C。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意在听这类听力时，要提前阅读题目和选项，明确问题是在询问人物的状况。在听对话过程中，要抓住关键信息，特别是人物对自己状况的描述。像本题中，重点听Mike的回答，从中获取与问题相关的关键信息来做出正确选择。
3．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话理解；询问地点；表达赞扬；礼貌用语
【解析】【听力原文】W: What a good painting! I must take a photo of it to show my friends later.
M: I'm afraid you can't. Please look at the sign on the wall.
【分析】句意：说话者在哪里。A.In an art museum在一家艺术博物馆；B.In a science museum在一家科学博物馆；C.In a nature museum在一家自然博物馆。根据听力原文中女士说"What a good painting! I must take a photo of it to show my friends later."（多好的一幅画啊！我一会儿必须给它拍张照片给我的朋友看。）以及男士说"I'm afraid you can't. Please look at the sign on the wall."（恐怕你不能（拍照）。请看墙上的标志。）可知，因为有画作且不允许拍照，通常在艺术博物馆会有这样的情况，所以说话者在艺术博物馆。故答案为：A。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意在听这类听力时，不能仅仅依靠直接听到的信息，而要根据对话内容进行合理推理。
4．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话理解；称谓语；礼貌用语；Jack
【解析】【听力原文】W: David, are these your gloves
M: Oh, no. I think they are Jack's. I saw him wearing them yesterday,
【分析】句意：这些手套是谁的。A.im's..吉姆的；B.Jack's.杰克的；C.Jerry's.杰瑞的。根据听力原文中男士的回答"I think they are Jack's. I saw him wearing them yesterday."（我想它们是杰克的。我昨天看见他戴着它们了。），可知这些手套是杰克的。故答案为：B。
[点评】考查短对话理解。注意在听这类听力时，要集中注意力捕捉关键信息，特别是针对问题所涉及的内容，如本题中关于手套归属的关键回答。同时，提前阅读题目和选项，明确问题方向，在听的过程中就能更有针对性地去获取相关信息，提高答题的准确率。
5．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话理解；称谓语；礼貌用语
【解析】【听力原文】W: Dear, what happened to Victor while we were away
M: He fell off the table when he was climbing up and down.
【分析】句意：两位说话者之间是什么关系？A.Teacher and student.老师和学生；B.Doctor and patient.医生和病人；C.Husband and wife.丈夫和妻子。根据听力原文中女士说"Dear, what happened to Victor while we were away "（亲爱的，我们不在的时候维克多发生了什么事？），男士对维克多发生的事情进行回应。从女士称呼男士"Dear"（亲爱的），可以推断出两人的关系是夫妻。故答案为：C。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意在听这类听力时，要关注对话中的称呼、语气以及所讨论的内容等细节信息，通过这些信息进行合理推理来判断人物关系。同时，在听之前快速浏览题目和选项，有助于在听的过程中更有针对性地捕捉相关信息，从而准确作答。
【答案】6．A
7．C
【知识点】长对话理解；询问地点；表达邀请；表达建议；礼貌用语
【解析】【听力原文】W: Do you want to go fishing
M: Yes. That's a good idea.
W: Where do you want to go
M: We can go to the sea
W: Shall we go to the lake The sea's too far.
M: OK. We can get to the lake in 15 minutes.
W: I' ll get our fishing tools.
M: That's great! We' ll have fresh fish for dinner!
【分析】文章大意：这段对话是两人关于去钓鱼地点的讨论以及到达时间等内容。
【点评】考查长对话理解。注意在听长对话时，要提前快速浏览题目和选项，明确问题所涉及的关键信息，如本题中关于地点和时间的询问。在听的过程中，要集中注意力捕捉与问题相关的关键语句，如本题中关于去向和所需时间的具体表述。同时，要注意对话中的逻辑关系和上下文提示，例如女士提出去湖边的原因以及男士对到达时间的说明，以便更准确地理解和作答。
6．句意：他们要去哪里？：A.To the lake.去湖边；B.To the sea.去海边；C.To the park.去公园。根据对话中女士说"Shall we go to the lake The sea's too far."（我们去湖边好吗？海边太远了。）以及男士回应"OK."（好的。），可知他们要去湖边。故答案为：A。
7．句意：他们多久能到达那里？A.In five minutes.五分钟后；B.In ten minutes.十分钟后；C.In fifteen minutes.十五分钟后。根据对话中男士说"We can get to the lake in 15 minutes."（我们十五分钟后能到达湖边。），可知他们将在十五分钟后到达那里。故答案为：C。
【答案】8．B
9．B
10．A
【知识点】长对话理解；询问时间；表达邀请；礼貌用语；征求（同意）；play volleyball
【解析】【听力原文】M: Hello, Grace. Would you like to go to the library with me tomorrow morning
W: Sure, I'd like to. When is it open
M: 7 o' clock. Let's go at 7:30 tomorrow.
W: Oh, that's too early! I get up at 7:30. So let's go at 8 o' clock M: Okay, 8 o' clock.
W: But I'd like to come back before 10:30. I have a Chinese class then.
M: That's okay. I should do some English exercises in the morning. I have an exam at 2 o' clock in the afternoon.
W: James, do you have time after the exam We can play volleyball.
M: Yes, I have time after the exam. Let's play volleyball at 3:30.
W: That sounds great!
【分析】文章大意：男士James邀请女士Grace明天早上一起去图书馆，两人就图书馆开放时间、出发时间进行了讨论，Grace表示要在10:30前回来因为要上语文课，James说明早要做英语练习因为有下午2点的考试，最后两人约定考试后下午3:30去打排球。
【点评】考查长对话理解。注意在听长对话时，要提前快速浏览题目和选项，明确问题所涉及的关键信息，如本题中关于时间、事件原因和后续活动安排等。在听的过程中，集中注意力捕捉与问题相关的关键语句，同时要注意对话中的逻辑关系和上下文提示，例如女士因为起床时间而调整去图书馆的时间，以及因为课程和考试安排后续活动等，以便更准确地理解和作答。
8．句意：两位说话者什么时候去图书馆？A.At 7:30 a. m.早上7:30"；B.At 8:00 a. m.早上8:00；CAt 10:30 a. m.早上10:30"。根据对话中男士说"Let's go at 7:30 tomorrow."女士回应"Oh, that's too early! I get up at 7:30. So let's go at 8 o'clock."男士说"Okay, 8 o'clock."，可知他们将在早上8点去图书馆。故答案为：B。
9．句意：女孩为什么想在10:30前回来？A.She has a tennis class她有一节网球课"；B.She has a Chinese class.她有一节语文课；C.She has an English exam.她有一场英语考试。根据对话中女士说"But I'd like to come back before 10:30. I have a Chinese class then."，可知女孩想在10:30前回来是因为她有一节语文课。故答案为：B。
10．句意：他们下午3:30之后要做什么？A.Play volleyball打排球"；B.Take a walk.散步；C.Visit their teachers.拜访他们的老师"。根据对话中女士说"James, do you have time after the exam We can play volleyball."男士回应"Yes, I have time after the exam. Let's play volleyball at 3:30."，可知他们下午3:30之后要去打排球。故答案为：A。
【答案】11．C
12．A
13．A
14．C
15．A
【知识点】短文理解；询问时间；表达邀请；礼貌用语；介绍语；one
【解析】【听力原文】When George was thirty-five, he bought a small plane and learned to fly it. He soon became very good at flying the plane.
George had a friend. His name was Mark. One day George offered to take Mark up in his plane. Mark thought, "I' ve travelled in a big plane several times, but I' ve never been in a small one, so I' ll go. "
They went up, and George flew around for half an hour and did all kinds of actions in the air. When they came down, Mark was very glad to be back safely, and he said to his friend in a shaking voice, "Well, George, thank you very much for those two trips in your plane."
George was very surprised and said, "Two trips ""Yes, my first and last, "answered Mark.
【分析】文章大意：乔治35岁时买了一架小飞机并学会了驾驶，还飞得很棒。他的朋友马克虽坐过几次大飞机，但没坐过小飞机，一天乔治邀请马克坐他的小飞机，在空中飞行半小时并做了各种动作，下来后马克称这是他第一次也是最后一次坐这架小飞机。
【点评】考查短文理解。注意在听短文前，要快速浏览题目和选项，明确问题所涉及的关键信息，如时间、事件、人物感受等。在听的过程中，集中注意力捕捉与问题相关的关键语句，同时要注意短文中的细节描述，例如原文中关于乔治买飞机年龄、飞行时间、马克的语言和语气等细节，这些对于准确作答至关重要。此外，对于一些隐含信息，如马克的感受，需要通过他的语言表现来推断。
11．句意：乔治什么时候买了一架小飞机。A.At the age of 25 25岁的时候 ；B.At the age of 30. 30岁的时候 ；C.At the age of 35. 35岁的时候。根据原文"When George was thirty - five, he bought a small plane and learned to fly it."（当乔治35岁时，他买了一架小飞机并学习驾驶它。），可知乔治35岁时买了小飞机。故答案为：C。
12．句意：有一天马克发生了什么事。A.George invited him to take his plane. 乔治邀请他乘坐自己的飞机；B.Mark decided to fly the plane himself. 马克决定自己驾驶飞机；C.Mark and George travelled in a big plane."意为"马克和乔治乘坐大飞机旅行"。根据原文"One day George offered to take Mark up in his plane."（一天，乔治主动提出带马克乘坐他的飞机。），可知乔治邀请马克乘坐自己的飞机。故答案为：A。
13．句意：乔治在空中飞了多久。A.For half an hour. 半小时"；B.For an hour.一小时"；C.For two hours. 两小时。根据原文"They went up, and George flew around for half an hour and did all kinds of actions in the air."（他们起飞了，乔治在空中飞行了半小时并做了各种动作。），可知乔治在空中飞了半小时。故答案为：A。
14．句意：马克在空中感觉如何。A.Relaxed. 放松的；B.Surprised. 惊讶的；C.Fearful.害怕的。根据原文"When they came down, Mark was very glad to be back safely, and he said to his friend in a shaking voice"（当他们降落时，马克很高兴能安全回来，他用颤抖的声音对他的朋友说），从颤抖的声音可以推断出马克在空中是害怕的。故答案为：C。
15．句意：马克乘坐小飞机进行了几次旅行。选项及其词义：A.One. 一次"；B.Two 两次；C.Three. 三次。根据原文"Yes, my first and last"（是的，我的第一次也是最后一次），可知马克只乘坐了一次小飞机。故答案为：A。
【答案】16．B
17．B
18．D
【知识点】其他语篇类型；生活方式；细节理解；数字计算；文章出处
【解析】【分析】文章大意：随着短视频的快速发展，其广泛使用已成为一种主要趋势。一项最近对1557名中国人关于短视频观看习惯的调查发现，人们可能如此沉迷于短视频以至于无法停止观看。文中还通过图表展示了人们对短视频的喜好程度、每次观看短视频的时长以及不同年代出生的人对观看短视频的喜爱比例等信息。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节理解题常见的解题方法是仔细阅读文章或图表，找到与问题相关的具体信息，进行准确计算或直接获取答案。推理判断题则需要根据文章内容进行合理推断，结合常识和上下文逻辑来判断答案。对于这类阅读理解题，关键是要认真阅读题目和选项，明确问题方向，再从原文中寻找依据。
16．数字计算题。根据第一个图表中"Really like"占比34.6%，以及调查总人数为1557人，通过计算1557×34.6%≈539，可知大约有539人真正喜欢看短视频。故答案为：B。
17．细节理解题。根据第二个图表中"More than 1 hour"占比58.8%，"Up to 1 hour"占比31.2%，通过对比可知大多数人每次看短视频的时长超过1小时。故答案为：B。
18．文章出处题。文章主要围绕人们对短视频的观看习惯展开，包括喜好程度、观看时长等，这些内容与娱乐相关，所以可能在娱乐杂志上读到这篇文章。故答案为：D。
【答案】19．A
20．D
21．A
22．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文；细节理解；推理判断；文章大意
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要是讲述了考古学家樊锦诗为保护敦煌莫高窟而做出的伟大奉献和成就。
【点评】考查阅读理解。做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
19．细节理解题。根据文章第二段句子"In 1963, Fan, then a 25- year- old Peking University graduate, had the chance to work at the Mogao Caves."可知，1963年，当时25岁的樊锦诗从北京大学毕业，有机会到莫高窟工作。所以是25岁，故选A。
20．推理判断题。根据文章第四段句子"Back in those days, the Mogao Caves were almost completely cut off from the world.Fan and her coworkers had to live in mud houses and drink salty water."可知，那时候，莫高窟几乎与外界完全隔绝。樊和她的同事不得不住在泥房子里，喝咸水。说明在莫高窟工作很艰难，故选D。
21．细节理解题。根据文章第六段句子"After over 30 years of exploration, the Dunhuang Academy built a digital database to protect cultural relics(文物) there, allowing Dunhuang's art to live forever and to step out of the caves to meet the world."可知，经过30多年的探索，敦煌研究院建立了一个数字数据库来保护那里的文物，让敦煌的艺术永世长存，走出洞穴，与世界相遇。也就是人们可以通过互联网在网上欣赏敦煌艺术。故选A。
22．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段句子"On Sept. 7, famous Chinese archaeologist (考古学家) Fan Jinshi, 85, was awarded by UNESCO for her contribution (贡献) to the protection of the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang."可知，文章主要是讲述了考古学家樊锦诗为保护敦煌莫高窟而做出的伟大奉献和成就。故选B。
【答案】23．D
24．A
25．B
26．D
【知识点】环境污染问题；环保意识与环保行为；细节理解；推理判断；词义猜测
【解析】【分析】文章大意： 讨论了湖泊着火的现象，指出这种现象主要是由于污染造成的。文章通过印度班加罗尔的贝兰杜尔湖和美国凯霍加河的例子，说明了污染导致的环境问题及其可能的解决方案。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先快速浏览全文，了解文章的大致内容和主题；接着明确题目要求，带着问题回到文章中，仔细阅读相关内容，寻找与问题相关的信息，注意文章中的细节；然后将找到的信息与题目中的选项进行匹配，选择最符合文章内容的选项对于不确定的选项；最后验证答案。确保答案的准确性和完整性。
23．细节理解题。根据文中文章第②段明确指出"Bengaluru is the center for many heavy industries. Electrical and electronic goods, computer parts and parts for planes and space rockets are produced there. Much of the waste from these and a large amount of the wastewater from local people run into the lake." 班加罗尔是许多重工业的中心，电子产品、计算机零部件以及飞机和太空火箭的零部件都在那里生产，这些工业产生的大量废物以及当地居民的大量废水都排入了贝兰杜尔湖。第④段提到"Pollution mainly happens in developing countries like India today." 如今污染主要发生在印度等发展中国家。并且以美国过去河流污染为例，说明污染会导致湖泊河流出现包括着火等问题。这些内容综合表明湖泊着火主要是因为重工业污染。故答案为：D。
24．推理判断题。第④⑤段详细讲述了美国凯霍加河过去至少13次着火，尤其是1969年因火车火花引发大火，火势高达五层楼以上，燃烧约半小时。之后"the Environmental Protection Agency(EPA) was founded in 1970 and the Clean Water Act(1972) was put into use. This Act required all rivers throughout America be clean enough to safely allow swimmers and fish to pass through by 1983. Due to these efforts, the Cuyahoga River has never had another fire and over 60 different species of fish live in the river." 1970年成立了环境保护局，1972年《清洁水法》投入使用，该法案要求到1983年美国所有河流足够清洁，能安全允许游泳者和鱼类通过。由于这些努力，凯霍加河再也没有发生过火灾，并且有超过60种不同的鱼类生活在河中。通过这个例子展示了解决污染问题的一种可能方式。故答案为：A。
25．词义猜测题。前文一直在阐述污染带来的各种危害，如贝兰杜尔湖因污染出现泡沫、着火，危害周边居民健康；凯霍加河因污染多次着火等。"By that time, people in America were more aware of its dangers and wanted to change." 到那时，美国人更意识到"its dangers"并想要改变，结合前文对污染危害的描述，可知这里的"its dangers"指的就是污染的危险，故答案为：B。
26．推理判断题。第①段：引入主题，提出湖泊着火的现象。第②③段：详细描述了印度班加罗尔的贝兰杜尔湖因污染导致的问题。第④⑤段：通过美国凯霍加河的例子，展示了污染问题的历史背景和解决方案。第⑥段：总结全文，提出通过改变法律和提高公众环保意识来解决污染问题的可能性。因此文章的结构是总分总的结构。 故答案为：D。
【答案】27．B
28．C
29．B
30．D
【知识点】议论文；自我认识；细节理解；词义猜测；标题选择
【解析】【分析】文章大意：探讨了人类行为的动机，介绍了外在动机（extrinsic motivation）和内在动机（intrinsic motivation）的定义，分析了内在动机的优点，指出在某些情况下外在动机的必要性以及过度使用外部奖励可能减少内在动机的问题，还讨论了两种动机在学习中的作用，最后强调了解两种动机类型的作用和使用场景的帮助意义。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节理解题要准确从文中定位关键信息；词义猜测题需结合上下文语境和逻辑关系来推断；主旨大意题要综合全文内容，把握文章核心主题。做这类题时，要认真阅读文章，理解各段落大意和细节，从而提高答题的准确率。
27．细节理解题。根据文章第②段"Intrinsic(内在的) motivation is when you do something because you find it enjoyable. The behavior itself is its own reward."（内在动机就是当你做某事是因为你发现它很有趣。这种行为本身就是一种奖励）可知，内在动机是因为觉得某事有趣而去做，行为本身就是回报。选项B中Frank因为觉得数学有趣而努力学习，符合内在动机的定义。故答案为：B。
28．细节理解题。文章第④段提到"But studies have shown that offering too many external(外部的) reward can reduce intrinsic motivation. For example, in a study, they became less interested in the toys." （但研究表明，提供过多的外部奖励会减少内在动机。例如，在一项研究中，他们对玩具的兴趣降低了）这里通过"in a study..."给出了一个研究的例子来说明过多的外部奖励会降低内在动机。所以作者是通过举例来解释的， 故答案为： C。
29．词义猜测题。根据第⑤段"Experts have argued that traditional education pays too much attention to external rewards, such as grades. This undermines the intrinsic motivation that students might already have."（专家们认为，传统教育过于重视外部奖励，比如分数。这削弱了学生可能已经具备的内在动机），可知 传统教育过于关注外部奖励，如分数，结合前文提到过多的外部奖励会降低内在动机，以及"However, others have suggested that extrinsic motivation can help students feel more knowledgeable in class. It helps to build up their intrinsic motivation."（然而，其他人认为外在动机可以帮助学生觉得在课堂上更有知识。它有助于建立他们的内在动机） 可知外部动机也有一定作用，因此这里是说传统教育对外部奖励的过度关注对学生已有的内在动机有负面影响。"undermines"意思接近"Reduces"（减少）， 故答案为： B。
30．标题选择题。文章围绕外在动机和内在动机展开，介绍了它们的定义、内在动机的优点、外在动机的必要性、过度外部奖励的影响以及两种动机在学习中的作用等内容。选项D"Extrinsic vs Intrinsic Motivation"（外在动机与内在动机）最能概括文章主旨， 故答案为： D。
【答案】31．E；32．C；33．D；34．A；35．I usually help my friends with their study.
【知识点】教育类；议论文；自我认识；自我管理；学会学习
【解析】【分析】文章主要阐述了朋友在人们生活中的重要性，指出获得真正的友谊并不容易，并从三个方面阐述了真正的友谊所包含的内容，即忠诚互助、尽力相帮、分享喜忧，最后提出问题"如何与朋友保持真正的友谊"。
A. friends must share their happiness and sadness. 朋友必须分享他们的快乐和悲伤。
B. but you can borrow a lot of things from them. 但是你可以从他们那里借很多东西。
C. and you mustn't cheat them. 而且你不能欺骗他们。
D. true friends must try their best to help each other. 真正的朋友必须尽力互相帮助。
E. no one can live alone in the world without friends. 没有朋友，没有人能在世界上独自生活。
题目要求回答如何与朋友保持真正的友谊。
答案示例：
点评
本题考查任务型阅读，答题方法或技巧如下：
对于填空部分：首先要通读全文，了解文章主旨和各段落大意。然后仔细阅读每个空格所在的句子及上下文，分析句子之间的逻辑关系，根据语境和关键词从选项中选出最合适的答案。推理时要紧密结合上下文，不能脱离文本主观臆断。
对于开放性问题：要理解题目要求，明确回答的方向和要点。回答内容要合理、简洁，符合字数限制，同时要围绕如何保持真正友谊这一主题，可以从互相帮助、真诚沟通、关心支持等方面进行回答。
【点评】
31．根据"Just as a saying goes"（正如一句谚语所说），可知后面应该接一句谚语来阐述朋友的重要性。E选项"no one can live alone in the world without friends."（没有朋友，没有人能在世界上独自生活。）符合语境，是对朋友重要性的恰当表述。故答案为：E。
32．根据"you must not take advantage of your friends"（你不能利用你的朋友），后面进一步阐述不能对朋友做的其他不好的行为。C选项"and you mustn't cheat them."（而且你不能欺骗他们。）与前文逻辑连贯，都是关于对待朋友不应该做的负面行为。故答案为：C。
33．根据"For example, if a friend is really in need of money to escape(逃避) from some troubles, true friends might lend it and help him or her."（例如，如果一个朋友真的需要钱来摆脱一些麻烦，真正的朋友可能会借钱给他/她并帮助他/她。）这是对真正朋友之间互相帮助的具体举例。D选项"true friends must try their best to help each other."（真正的朋友必须尽力互相帮助。）可知刚好概括了该段主旨。故答案为：D。
34．根据"If you tell your happiness to your friend, you will get double happiness. If you tell your sadness to your friend, you will get half."（如果你把你的快乐告诉你的朋友，你会得到双倍的快乐。如果你把你的悲伤告诉你的朋友，你会减半。）说明了朋友之间应该分享快乐和悲伤。A选项"friends must share their happiness and sadness."（朋友必须分享他们的快乐和悲伤。）符合文意。故答案为：A。
35．文章围绕真正的友谊展开，阐述了真正友谊包含忠诚互助、尽力相帮、分享喜忧等方面。 故答案为： I usually help my friends with their study."
【答案】36．B；37．C；38．D；39．D；40．A；41．C；42．B；43．A；44．B；45．C；46．D；47．B；48．D；49．A；50．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要是通过讲述狗追赶兔子的故事告诉我们：在遇到问题时，只是尽力和竭尽所能所得到的结果是截然不同的。
【点评】考查完形填空。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读—遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。
36．句意：他看到前面不远处的灌木丛中跑出一只兔子，便迅速举起枪准备射击。A.slowly缓慢地；B.quickly快速地；C.easily简单地；D.strangely奇怪地。根据语境"He saw a rabbit running out of a bush not far in front..."以及常识可知，猎人看见兔子是会迅速地举起枪，此处应是"快速地"，故选B。
37．句意：它恐惧地跑开了。A.in order排序；B.in need需要；C.in fear恐惧；D.in surprise吃惊地。根据语境"The rabbit was hurt."可知，兔子受伤了，此处应是"很害怕，很恐惧"，故选C。
38．句意：猎人向狗招手，叫它跟着跑。A.bark at吠叫；B.look at看着；C.look after照顾；D.run after追赶。根据后文语境"The well-trained dog rushed like an arrow, running very fast"可知，这只狗训练有素，此处应是让狗去"追赶"猎物，故选D。
39．句意：那只训练有素的狗像箭一样冲了过来，跑得很快，充满了信心。A.knowledge知识；B.kindness仁慈，善良；C.humor幽默；D.confidence自信。根据语境"The well-trained dog rushed like an arrow, running very fast"可知，这只狗训练有素，跑得很快，此处应是"充满自信"，故选D。
40．句意：兔子拼命地跑着，看起来一点也没有受伤。A.seemed似乎；B.became变成；C.tasted品尝；D.sounded听起来。根据语境"The rabbit ran so desperately"可知，兔子拼命地奔跑，就好像是没有受过伤似的。此处应是"似乎，好像"，故选A。
41．句意：最后，当狗空手而归时，猎人生气地责备它："多么没用啊！"A.followed跟随；B.left离开；C.returned返回；D.waited等待。根据语境"...empty- handed, the hunter was angry and
blamed"可知，空手回来，此处应是"返回"，故选C。
42．句意：最后，当狗空手而归时，猎人生气地责备它："多么没用啊！"A.careless粗心的；B.useless无用的；C.homeless无家可归的；D.harmless无害的。根据语境"...empty- handed, the hunter was
angry and blamed"可知，空手而过，受到了责备，此处应是"无用的"，故选B。
43．句意：狗很伤心，试图为自己解释："虽然我没有抓住它，但我已经尽力了。"A.itself它自己；B.it它；C.himself他自己；D.him他。根据语境"Though I didn't catch it, I had done my best."可知，"虽然我没有捉住它，我已经尽了最大的努力。"狗觉得很难过，试图为"它自己"解释，故选A。
44．句意：当兔子回到家时，所有其他的兔子都对它的运气感到惊讶。A.sadness悲伤；B.luck运气；C.worry担心，担忧；D.patience耐心。根据语境"They were dying to ask"以及上下文语境联系可知，此处应是"运气"，故选B。
45．句意：狗差点抓住你，你是怎么设法跑掉的？A.succeed成功；B.fail失败，不及格；C.manage管理；D.suggest建议。根据语境"How did you...to run away when the dog almost caught you "可知，此处应是"manage to do sth.，设法做成某事，固定搭配"，故选C。
46．句意：那只狗最多只能因为没抓到我而受到责备，所以它所做的一切都是尽力而为。A.but但是；B.or或者；C.yet然而；D.so因此。根据语境"The dog would only be blamed for not catching me at most,...all it did was to do its best."可知，狗没有抓住我，最多只是被责备而已，所以它所做的是尽最大努力。此处应是"so"，故选D。
47．句意：对我来说，情况完全不同。A.from来自；B.for为了；C.as正如；D.of......的。根据语境"The situation was completely different...me"可知，此处应是"对我而言"，用for，故选B。
48．句意：如果我被抓住，我肯定会没命的。A.though虽然；B.unless除非；C.until直到；D.if如果。根据语境"I would surely lose my life...I was caught."可知，此处应是"如果"，故选D。
49．句意：当我们为自己的失败找借口的时候，我们是否曾经审视过自己，问自己是否已经尽了最大的努力或者全力以赴了？A.whether是否；B.that那个；C.what什么；D.where在哪里。根据语境"Have we ever examined ourselves and asked...we did our best or went all out..."可知，此处应是"whether…or…是……还是……，固定搭配"，故选A。
50．句意：当我们为自己的失败找借口的时候，我们是否曾经审视过自己，问自己是否已经尽了最大的努力或者全力以赴了？A.respect尊重；B.hope希望；C.excuse借口；D.effect影响。根据语境"Have we ever examined ourselves and asked whether we did our best or went all out when we looked for an...for our failure "可知，此处应是为失败找"借口"，故选C。
【答案】51．more bravely；52．including；53．opinion；54．communicating；55．will realise
【知识点】其他语篇类型；学校生活；人际关系与交往；自我管理；生活自理；communicate；including；opinion
【解析】【分析】这是Johnny D给Sandy回信，Sandy担心住校生活，Johnny D在信中给出了自己的建议，包括学习做家务、保持安静并整理房间、与室友有问题时向老师求助，最后鼓励Sandy尝试后会意识到住校的好处。
opinion意见；看法；realise意识到；实现；include包括；包含；communicate交流；沟通；brave勇敢的。
【点评】考查选词填空。首先要理解每个单词的词义和词性，然后通读短文，了解文章大意，根据上下文的逻辑关系和固定搭配来选择合适的单词，同时要注意单词的正确形式，如动词的时态、语态，名词的单复数，形容词和副词的比较级等。
51．句意：住校后你会更勇敢地面对困难。根据"after you live at school"可知，住校是一种锻炼，会让人在面对困难时更加勇敢，这里需要用副词修饰动词"face"，"brave"的副词形式是"bravely"，且根据语境要用比较级"more bravely"。故答案为：more bravely。
52．句意：从现在开始学会做一些家务，包括洗衣服和铺床。根据"Learn to do some housework from now on"以及后面具体列举的"washing clothes and making the bed"可知，这里是在说家务包含的内容，"include"的适当形式符合语境，此处用现在分词"including"表示"包括"，是常用用法。故答案为：including。
53．句意：在我看来，它们都很重要。根据"they are both important"可知，这是作者表达自己的观点，"in one's opinion"是固定短语，意为"在某人看来"。故答案为：opinion。
54．句意：当你和室友有问题时，向你的老师求助。根据"ask your teachers for help"可知，是和室友之间有问题需要沟通解决，"have trouble (in) doing sth."是固定搭配，意为"做某事有困难"，"communicate"的动名词形式是"communicating"。故答案为：communicating。
55．句意：尝试后你会意识到住校的好处。根据"Living at school is not bad at all."以及"after you try"可知，尝试之后会意识到住校的好处，"realise"符合语境，且根据"after you try"可知，这里用一般将来时"will realise"。故答案为：will realise。
【答案】56．sleepy；57．special；58．scientists；59．activities；60．followed；61．never；62．probably/ possibly；63．protect；64．crowded；65．nature
【知识点】说明文；自然科学研究
【解析】【分析】 文章大意：主要介绍了南极帽带企鹅独特的睡眠习惯。
sleepy困倦的；special特殊的；scientists科学家；activities活动；followed跟随；never从不probably / possibly可能地；protect保护；crowded拥挤的；nature自然。
【点评】考查单词拼写。根据语境和语法填空。首先要通读全文，把握文章的整体意思和语境。然后逐个分析每个空所在的句子，根据上下文确定所需的词性、词义和语法形式。对于动词，要注意时态、语态和主谓一致；对于名词，要注意单复数；对于形容词和副词，要注意比较等级和修饰关系等。同时，要结合一些固定搭配和短语来确定答案。
56．句意：当你真的很困倦的时候，你可能会短暂地打瞌睡。sleepy，形容词，困倦的。从you may nod off for a short time（你可能会短暂地打瞌睡）能看出，人打瞌睡是因为有困倦的状态，get后接形容词作表语，结合首字母s，可知是形容词sleepy。故答案为：sleepy。
57．句意：它们中的一些有如此特殊的习惯。特殊的special。此空需形容词修饰habits（习惯），结合前文提及动物有趣的睡眠习惯，这里用special来描述这些习惯很合适。故答案为：special。
58．句意：一组科学家研究了南极的14只帽带企鹅。科学家scientist，可数名词。A group of表示一组，后接名词复数，scientist的复数形式是scientists。故答案为：scientists。
59．句意：他们在企鹅的头上和脖子上放置电极来观察它们的大脑活动。活动activity，可数名词。大脑活动种类多，可知activity用复数activities，表示泛指的大脑活动。故答案为：activities。
60．句意：他们还用GPS跟踪并观察了企鹅10天。跟随，follow。根据watched，可知句子时态为一般过去时，follow与watched并列，用过去式。故答案为：followed。
61．句意：企鹅从不长时间睡眠，最长的睡眠只有34秒。从不never，副词。由On average, the penguins sleep 4 seconds at a time.（平均来说，企鹅一次睡4秒）可知企鹅每次睡眠时间短，所以用never表示它们不会长时间睡眠。故答案为：never。
62．句意：如果它们睡得太久，幼崽可能会被海鸟和其他企鹅伤害。probably或possibly可能地。此空需副词修饰动词短语get hurt，probably / possibly都有可能地之意，符合语境。故答案为：probably/ possibly。
63．句意：所以它们需要保护它们的蛋和幼崽。结合前文企鹅幼崽可能被伤害，可知企鹅父母要保护蛋和幼崽，结合首字母p，用动词protect。need to do sth.表示需要做某事，因此直接填protect。故答案为：protect。
64．句意：而且，它们的家通常很嘈杂和拥挤。拥挤的crowded。and连接两个并列形容词，crowded与noisy（嘈杂的）并列，用于描述企鹅栖息地环境。故答案为：crowded。
65．句意：那实际上是在自然界中生存的一种方式。自然nature。In the nature是固定短语，意为在自然界中，符合文章表达的生存方式语境。故答案为：nature。
【答案】66．successfully；67．ninth；68．at；69．an；70．have given；71．the fastest；72．himself；73．because；74．to answer；75．will encourage
【知识点】记叙文；优秀运动员及其体育成就；an；at；because；himself；ninth；successfully
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要是讲述了潘展乐在巴黎奥运会上获得男子100米自由泳金牌的事迹。
【点评】考查语法填空。语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。对于同义词和近义词的选项，在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配。
66．句意：在2024年巴黎奥运会男子100米自由泳决赛中，中国运动员潘战乐以令人难以置信的46.40秒的成绩打破世界纪录，成功夺得金牌。success，成功，不可数名词。根据句子结构分析，此处应是修饰动词winning，需用副词形式successfully（成功地）。故答案为：successfully。
67．句意：这是中国代表团在本届奥运会上获得的第九枚金牌。nine，九，基数词。空格前的the修饰序数词。此处应用表示顺序的序数词ninth"第九"。故答案为：ninth。
68．句意：这是中国代表团在本届奥运会上获得的第九枚金牌。根据句子结构分析，此处应是"at this Olympics，在这届奥运会上，固定搭配"。故答案为：at。
69．句意：这也是中国运动员第一次在男子100米自由泳项目中获得奥运会冠军。根据语境"It's also the first time that a Chinese athlete has won...Olympic championship in the men's 100m freestyle event."可知，此处应是泛指"一个奥运冠军"，且Olympic以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故答案为：an。
70．句意：自从潘展乐获得第一名后，外国记者对他给予了高度评价。give，给予，动词。根据语境"since he won the first place."可知，句子用现在完成时，结构为：主语+have/has+动词过去分词+其它。此处主语是名词复数，助动词用have。故答案为：have given。
71．句意：他现在已经成为世界上跑得最快的人，也是游泳池里最耀眼的亚洲明星。fast，快速的，形容词。根据后文语境"in the world"可知，此处意指是世界上最快的人，用最高级fastest，最高级前加定冠词the。故答案为：the fastest。
72．句意：比赛结束后，潘展乐为自己感到非常自豪。he，他，人称代词主格。根据语境"Pan Zhanle was very proud of..."可知，此处意指他为自己感到骄傲，应用反身代词himself"他自己"。故答案为：himself。
73．句意：他说，这枚金牌对中国来说非常重要，因为这是中国人第一次在这个项目上创造历史。根据语境"He said that this gold medal was of great importance to the country...it was the first time that a Chinese had created history in this event."可知，此处应是因果关系，后句是前句的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故答案为：because。
74．句意：面对外国运动员的漠视，他以打破世界纪录的成绩回答了一切，赢得了外国观众和运动员的认可。根据语境"...responded (回应) with result of breaking the world record..."可知，此处应是目的，需用动词不定式做作目的状语。故答案为：to answer。
75．句意：他的伟大成就将鼓励越来越多的中国孩子学习游泳。encourage，鼓励，动词。根据语境"in the future."可知，句子用一般将来时，结构为：will+动词原形。故答案为：will encourage。
76．【答案】略
【知识点】材料作文；说明文；环保意识与环保行为；学校生活；校园文化
【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。写作要求是李华以自己的身份给交换生好友John写邮件，介绍学校下周举办的以"旧物可循环，环境需守护"（Eco - friendly Works Exhibition）为主题的环保作品展并邀请其参加。写作步骤可先表明写信目的，接着介绍活动的主题、时间、地点、内容等信息，最后表达邀请的诚意与期待。写作内容围绕活动介绍和邀请展开。所用时态主要为一般将来时（用于介绍活动的时间安排等未来事项）和一般现在时（用于阐述活动的意义等）。知识点包括电子邮件的格式、环保相关的词汇和表达等。需要注意语言简洁明了、信息准确完整、态度真诚友好。
【点评】考查材料作文。写此类作文，需注意以下要点：结构要清晰，遵循电子邮件的常见结构，开头已给出，中间要详细介绍活动情况，结尾表达邀请和祝福等。内容应涵盖活动的关键信息，如主题、时间、地点、活动内容等，同时要突出活动的意义，如提升学生的环保意识和动手能力等。中心思想要明确，即邀请John参加环保作品展，传达环保理念。注意语言要符合英语电子邮件的表达习惯，避免过于复杂的句子结构；注意格式的正确性，如段落分明、标点符号正确使用等；表达要真诚，体现出对朋友的尊重和热情邀请。写作中可能需要用到的较好的句子或者短语： be scheduled to 预定，计划；raise public awareness of 提高公众对……的意识；take part in参加 I'm excited to tell you that our school is going to hold an Eco - friendly Works Exhibition with the theme of 'Old things can be recycled, and the environment needs to be protected' next week. I sincerely hope that you can take part in this meaningful activity. I believe it will be an unforgettable experience for you.
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