Unit 1The Changing World单元语法精讲精练学案(原卷版+解析版)-2026-2027学年九年级英语上册新人教版(2024)

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Unit 1The Changing World单元语法精讲精练学案(原卷版+解析版)-2026-2027学年九年级英语上册新人教版(2024)

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Unit 1The Changing World单元语法精讲精练
一般过去时和现在完成时用法对比
一、用法对比:
时态 用法 例句
一般现在时 过去某时发生的动作 I visited Beijing last year.我去年游览了北京。(动作已结束)
过去存在的状态 She was a teacher ten years ago.她十年前是一名老师。(现在可能不是了)
过去习惯性的动作 He walked to school when he was young.他年轻时步行上学。(现在不这样了)
现在完成时 过去动作对现在的影响 I have lost my key.我把钥匙弄丢了。(现在还没找到,影响现在)
从过去持续到现在 We have lived here for ten years.我们在这里住了十年了。(现在还住在这里)
过去经历(未指明时间) She has been to Paris.她去过巴黎。(有过这种经历)
对比总结:
对比项 一般过去时 现在完成时
时间关系 只表示过去,与现在无关 过去与现在有关联
动作是否结束 动作已结束 动作可能已结束(影响现在)或仍在继续
时间状语 常与明确的过去时间连用 不与明确的过去时间连用
侧重点 动作本身或过去的事实 动作的结果或持续状态
二、句式结构对比:
1. 一般过去时
句式 结构 例句
肯定句 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 He played football yesterday.他昨天踢了足球。
否定句 主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他 He didn't play football yesterday.他昨天没有踢足球。
一般疑问句 Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + did.否定回答:No, 主语 + didn't. —Did he play football yesterday 他昨天踢足球了吗?—Yes, he did./No, he didn't.是的,他做了。/不,他没有做。
特殊疑问句 疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? What did he do yesterday 他昨天做了什么?
2. 现在完成时
句式 结构 例句
肯定句 主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他 He has finished his homework.他已经完成了作业。
否定句 主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词 + 其他 He hasn't finished his homework.他还没完成作业。
一般疑问句 Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他?肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + have/has.否定回答:No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't. —Has he finished his homework 他完成作业了吗?—Yes, he has./No, he hasn't.是的,他有。/不,他没有。
特殊疑问句 疑问词 + have/has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他? What has he done 他做了什么?
对比总结:
对比项 一般过去时 现在完成时
助动词 did(用于疑问/否定) have/has
动词形式 过去式(did后还原为原形) 过去分词
否定缩写 didn't haven't / hasn't
回答方式 Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. Yes, ... have/has. / No, ... haven't/hasn't.
三、标志词(时间状语)对比:
1. 一般过去时的标志词
标志词 例句
yesterday(昨天) I saw him yesterday.我昨天看见他了。
last + 时间(上周/月/年) She came here last week/month/year.她上周/上个月/去年来到这里。
... ago(……以前) They left two hours ago.他们两小时前离开了。
in + 过去年份 He was born in 2010.他出生于2010年。
just now(刚才) I met her just now.我刚才遇见她了。
at that time(在那时) We were students at that time.我们当时还是学生。
the other day(前几天) I bought a book the other day.前几天我买了一本书。
2. 现在完成时的标志词
标志词 含义和用法 例句
already(已经) 用于肯定句 He has already left.他已经离开了。
yet(还/尚未) 用于否定句和疑问句 Have you finished yet 你做完了吗?
just(刚刚) 动作刚完成 I have just eaten.我刚吃过饭。
ever(曾经) 用于疑问句 Have you ever been to Beijing 你去过北京吗?
never(从不/从未) 从未有过 I have never seen such a film.我从未看过这样的电影。
before(以前) 不确定的过去 I have read this book before.我之前读过这本书。
for + 时间段 持续多久 We have known each other for five years.我们认识已经五年了。
since + 时间点/从句 从……以来 I have lived here since 2015 / since I was a child.我从2015年起/从小就住在这里。
so far / up to now到目前为止 从过去到现在 So far, we have learned 1000 words.到目前为止,我们已经学习了1000个单词。
in the past/last + 时间段(过去……以来) 一段时间内 In the past three years, he has changed a lot.在过去的三年里,他发生了很大的变化。
四、使用注意事项
(一)一般过去时的注意事项
1. did 后的动词必须用原形
例:He didn't went.(错)→ He didn't go.(对)
Did you saw him (错)→ Did you see him (对)
2. 不能与 now, today 等现在时间连用
例:I did my homework now.(错误)
3. 表示过去习惯时,常与 used to 区分
例:I walked to school.(过去某时做过)
I used to walk to school.(过去常常做,现在不做了)
(二)现在完成时的注意事项
1. have/has 的选择:第三人称单数用 has,其他人称用 have。
例:He/She/It has done...
I/You/We/They have done...
2. 注意不规则动词过去分词的构成,如go → gone, see → seen, do → done等
3. 不能与明确的过去时间连用
例:I have seen him yesterday.(错误!)
She has come here last week.(错误!)
4. for 和 since 的区别
for + 时间段(表示多久):for three years, for two hours
since + 时间点/从句(表示从何时开始):since 2010, since he came
5. have been to vs have gone to
have been to 去过某地(已经回来);have gone to去了某地(还没回来或在途中)
例:I have been to Shanghai.(我去过上海,现在不在那里)
He has gone to Shanghai.(他去上海了,现在不在这里)
5、瞬间动词 vs 延续性动词
表示"持续"时,瞬间动词(如 buy, die, join, leave, begin)不能与 for/since 连用,需要转换成延续性动词,如下表:
瞬间动词 用于替换的延续性动词 例句:
buy have I have had this book for two years.这本书我已经买了两年了。
die be dead His grandfather has been dead for ten years.他的祖父已经去世十年了。
join be in/be a member of He has been in the army since 2020.他自2020年起一直在部队服役。
leave be away She has been away for three days.她已经离开三天了。
begin be on The film has been on for ten minutes.电影已经放映了十分钟。
一、单项选择。
1.The girl was brushing her teeth when her dad ________ in.
A.came B.was coming C.comes
【答案】A
【详解】句意:当她的爸爸进来时,那个女孩正在刷牙。
when引导的时间状语从句中,主句为过去进行时(was brushing),从句用一般过去时表示突然发生的动作。因此应填came。
2.— Where did you go on holiday
— I ________ back to the US with my mum and sister.
A.have been B.went C.will be
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你假期去了哪里?——我和我的妈妈及妹妹回到了美国。
根据问句“Where did you go on holiday ”中的助动词“did”可知,句子时态为一般过去时,询问过去发生的动作。答语也应使用一般过去时,went是go的过去式,符合语境。
3.He ________ live in the countryside, but now he lives in a city.
A.used to B.is used to C.uses to D.was used to
【答案】A
【详解】句意:他过去住在乡下,但现在他住在城市里。
used to do sth.过去常常做某事(现在已不做);is used to doing sth.习惯于做某事;uses to无此用法;was used to do sth.被用来做某事。根据“but now he lives in a city”可知前后形成对比,设空处表示过去的状态,used to后接动词原形,表示“过去常常”,符合语境。
4.—Where did you go last weekend
—I __________ my grandma in the countryside.
A.visited B.visit C.visits D.visiting
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你上周末去哪里了?——我去乡下看望了我的祖母。
根据问句中的时间状语“last weekend”可知,动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式visited。
5.— We have been good friends since we ________ the same primary school.
— That’s true. I’ll never forget those good old days!
A.have entered B.entered C.enter
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——自从我们进入同一所小学以来,我们一直是好朋友。——是的,我永远不会忘记那些美好的旧时光!
根据“since we... the same primary school”可知,since引导的时间状语从句中,主句常用现在完成时,从句应用一般过去时,表示过去发生的动作“进入小学”。应填entered。
6.Christian ________ with John and Anthony in London for about a year.
A.lived B.lives C.is living D.will live
【答案】A
【详解】句意:克里斯蒂安曾与约翰和安东尼在伦敦住了一年左右。
根据时间状语“for about a year”可知,此处描述的是过去持续了一段时间且已结束的动作,应用一般过去时。
7.My grandmother often ________ stories about Chinese folk art to me when I was a child.
A.tells B.told C.is telling D.will tell
【答案】B
【详解】句意:当我还是个孩子的时候,我奶奶经常给我讲关于中国民间艺术的故事。
考查动词时态。根据从句“when I was a child”可知,主句动作发生在过去,应使用一般过去时。故选B。
8.Liu Wei ________ shy, but now he is outgoing.
A.used to be B.didn’t use to be C.used to D.didn’t use to
【答案】A
【详解】句意:刘伟过去很害羞,但现在他很外向。
根据“but now he is outgoing”可知,前后形成对比,过去害羞,现在外向,应用肯定形式;used to后接动词原形,表示“过去常常”,暗示现在不再如此,shy为形容词,前面需用系动词be构成系表结构。应填used to be。
9.Peter has ________ The Final Problem for his report.
A.choose B.chose C.chosen
【答案】C
【详解】句意:彼得已经为他的报告选择《最后的问题》。
根据句中助动词“has”可知,此处构成现在完成时“has+过去分词”结构,需用choose的过去分词chosen。
10.—________ you ever ________ Harry Potter
—Yes, I have.
A.Do; read B.Have; read C.Did; read
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你曾经读过《哈利·波特》吗?——是的,我读过。
根据答语“Yes, I have.”可知,问句使用的是现在完成时,结构为“Have + 主语 + 过去分词”,故第一空填Have,第二空填read的过去分词read(read的过去分词与原形相同)。
11.My best friend Larry ________ Beijing three times.
A.has been to B.has been in C.has gone to D.has gone in
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我最好的朋友Larry去过北京三次。
has been to去过某地,现已回来;has been in持续待在某地;has gone to了某地,尚未回来;has gone in搭配错误。根据“three times”可知,此句强调经历,去过北京三次,现已回来。故选A。
12.With the help of the local government, the small village ________ a popular tourist attraction in the past five years.
A.becomes B.became C.has become D.will become
【答案】C
【详解】句意:在当地政府的帮助下,这个小村庄在过去的五年中已经成为一个受欢迎的旅游景点。
becomes变成(一般现在时);became变成(一般过去时);has become已经变成(现在完成时);will become将变成(一般将来时)。根据时间状语“in the past five years”可知,句子强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或持续到现在,应用现在完成时。
13.—How long have you ________ this dictionary
—For three years. It helps me a lot.
A.bought B.had C.borrowed D.lent
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你拥有这本词典多久了?——三年了。它帮了我很多。
bought买;had拥有;borrowed借入;lent借出。根据“How long”以及答语“For three years.”可知,此处应用延续性动词,与时间段连用,而bought、borrowed和lent都是短暂性动词,只有had是延续性动词,所以此处应填had。
14.Xuebing Monkey ________ popular in Changchun since 2024.
A.is B.was C.will be D.has been
【答案】D
【详解】句意:雪饼猴自2024年以来在长春一直很受欢迎。
is一般现在时;was一般过去时;will be一般将来时;has been现在完成时。根据时间状语“since 2024”可知,句子表示状态从过去开始一直持续到现在,应用现在完成时。应填has been。
15.Have you ________ learned about the customs of Indian people
A.ever B.already C.just D.yet
【答案】A
【详解】句意:你曾经了解过印度人的风俗习惯吗?
ever曾经;already已经;just刚刚;yet还,已经。根据“Have you...learned about the customs of Indian people ”可知,句子是现在完成时的一般疑问句,询问是否曾经有过某种经历,且空位于助动词和过去分词之间,yet通常用于句末,故应用ever。
16.Have you ________ been to the Victoria Falls
A.already B.yet C.just D.ever
【答案】D
【详解】句意:你曾经去过维多利亚瀑布吗?
already已经;yet还;just刚刚;ever曾经。根据“Have you…been to the Victoria Falls ”可知,句子是现在完成时的一般疑问句,用来询问经历,ever常用于此类句中,表示“曾经”,放在have和过去分词之间。选项D符合题意。
17.—________ you ever ________ to an animal shelter
—Yes, I have. I went there last week.
A.Did; go B.Have; been C.Do; go D.Are; going
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你曾经去过动物收容所吗?——是的,我去过。我上周去的。
Did; go去(一般过去时);Have; been去过(现在完成时,表示经历);Do; go去(一般现在时);Are; going将去(现在进行时表将来)。根据答句“Yes, I have”可知,问句是现在完成时,且“ever”常与现在完成时连用,表示“曾经”,应填Have; been。
18.—________ you ever ________ to the Great Wall
—Yes, I have. I ________ there last year.
A.Have; been; went B.Have; gone; went
C.Did; go; have been D.Did; go; went
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你曾经去过长城吗?——是的,我去过。我去年去了那里。
第一句中有标志词“ever”,表示询问经历,应用现在完成时,且说话人在现场,表示“去过已回”,应用“have been to”,排除B项;第二句中有时间状语“last year”,表示具体的过去时间,应用一般过去时,动词用过去式went,排除C项;答语“Yes, I have”确认第一空助动词为Have,排除D项。故选A。
19.You ________ weight if you eat too much junk food.
A.won’t lose B.will lose
C.don’t lose D.lose
【答案】A
【详解】句意:如果你吃太多垃圾食品,你不会减肥。
if引导条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”,从句为一般现在时,主句应使用一般将来时;根据常识,吃太多垃圾食品通常会导致体重增加,而不是减肥,因此,表达“不会减肥”符合逻辑,应填won’t lose。
20.In January 2026, Chinese swimmer Qin Haiyang ________ another world record to prove himself as one of the greatest athletes.
A.will break B.broke C.has broken
【答案】B
【详解】句意:在2026年1月,中国游泳运动员覃海洋再度打破一项世界纪录,证明自己是最出色的运动员之一。
will break打破(一般将来时);broke打破(一般过去式);has broken已经打破(现在完成时),In January 2026是过去具体时间状语,句子需要使用一般过去时,应填broke。
二、单词拼写。
21.I used ________ (play) in a band back in senior high school.
【答案】to play
【详解】句意:我高中时曾经在乐队里演奏。used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”,固定搭配,空处应填to play。
22.Tom ________ (choose) to watch a comedy to cheer himself up yesterday.
【答案】chose
【详解】句意:汤姆昨天选择看喜剧来让自己开心。 根据“yesterday”可知,此处用一般过去时态,choose的过去式是chose。
23.The boy ________ (grow) up in a small village and moved to Beijing in 2025.
【答案】grew
【详解】句意:这个男孩在一个小村庄长大,并在2025年搬到了北京。根据并列谓语moved为过去式以及时间状语in 2025可知,grow up也应用一般过去时,grow的过去式为grew。故填grew。
24.Last weekend, we ________ (go) to the countryside and enjoyed the fresh air.
【答案】went
【详解】句意:上周末,我们去了乡下,享受了新鲜空气。句中“Last weekend”为过去的时间状语,提示动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时。go的过去式为went。
25.I have already ________ (finish) reading Little Women. It was great!
【答案】finished
【详解】句意:我已经读完《小妇人》了,这本书很棒。句中already为现在完成时标志词,提示时态为现在完成时。现在完成时结构是have+动词过去分词,finish变过去分词直接在词尾加-ed。
26.Have you ever ________ (plan) to start a reading club with your friends
【答案】planned
【详解】句意:你曾经打算和朋友们创办一个读书俱乐部吗?“ever”为现在完成时标志副词,用于询问过往经历,用现在完成时,此处谓语动词结构为“have/has+动词过去分词”,plan的过去分词形式为planned。
27.Since he was allowed to do what he likes on weekends, Tom ________ (become) much happier and more confident.
【答案】has become
【详解】句意:自从汤姆被允许在周末做自己喜欢的事,他变得更快乐、更自信了。“Since”引导的时间状语从句表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响,主句需用现在完成时,结构为“have/has+过去分词”;主语Tom是第三人称单数,助动词用has,become的过去分词仍是become。
28.I ________ (learn) 2000 English words already.
【答案】have learned/have learnt
【详解】句意:我已经学了2000个英语单词了。句中“already”为现在完成时的标志词,提示动作发生在过去但对现在造成了影响,应用现在完成时。现在完成时的结构为“have/has + 过去分词”,主语为“I”,助动词用“have”,“learn”的过去分词为“learned”或“learnt”。
29.The government ________ (take) action to protect the rivers. Now they are cleaner.
【答案】has taken
【详解】句意:政府已经采取行动来保护河流。现在它们更干净了。根据后一句 “Now they are cleaner.(现在它们更干净了)”,能看出政府采取行动是过去发生的动作,且对现在造成了影响,所以使用现在完成时have/has+过去分词,此句主语为单数,助动词用has,take的过去分词是taken,故填has taken。
三、完成句子。
30.Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin by accident. (改为一般疑问句)
________ Alexander Fleming ________ penicillin by accident
【答案】 Did discover
【详解】句意:亚历山大·弗莱明偶然发现了青霉素。原句中“discovered”是关键词,表明时态为一般过去时,且谓语为实义动词,改为一般疑问句时,需要在句首添加助动词Did,后接动词原形discover。
31.We often go camping.(用last Sunday改写句子)
We ________ ________ last Sunday.
【答案】 went camping
【详解】句意:我们经常去露营。根据“last Sunday”可知,需要将原句的一般现在时改为一般过去时。“go”的过去式是“went”,其余部分不变,时间状语改为“last Sunday”。
32.Wendy did voluntary work at the old lady’s house last weekend. (改为否定句)
Wendy ________ ________ voluntary work at the old lady’s house last weekend.
【答案】 didn’t do
【详解】句意:上周末温迪在这位老奶奶家做了志愿工作。根据句末的时间状语last weekend(上周末),可知该句时态为一般过去时。一般过去时的实义动词变否定句,需要借助助动词didn't,后面的动词要恢复为原形。原句谓语动词是did(do的过去式),变否定句时改为didn’t,并将后面的动词还原为do。故两个空分别填didn’t和do。
33.Did you help your classmate keep calm during the storm (作肯定回答)
________________________________________________________________
【答案】Yes, I did.
【详解】句意:——暴风雨期间你帮助你的同学保持冷静了吗?——是的,我帮助了。这是一般过去时的一般疑问句,由助动词Did引导,作肯定回答时要用Yes开头,主语用I代替you,助动词用did。
34.Did you stay healthy by eating vegetables yesterday (作否定回答)
_______________________________________________________________
【答案】No, I didn’t.
【详解】句意:你昨天通过吃蔬菜保持健康了吗?(作否定回答)。问句是一般过去时的一般疑问句,否定回答结构为“No, 主语+didn’t”,此处主语是“you”,回答时用“I”指代,即“No, I didn’t.”。
35.He has already finished the work. (改为一般疑问句)
________ he ________ the work ________
【答案】 Has finished yet
【详解】句意:他已经完成了这项工作。现在完成时变一般疑问句把has提前,has后接过去分词finished,肯定句中的already在疑问句改为yet放句末,句首单词首字母大写。
36.Last night I learned ten English words. (用so far替换last night改写句子)
So far I ________ ________ ten English words.
【答案】 have learned/learnt
【详解】句意:到目前为止,我已经学了十个英语单词。so far是现在完成时的标志,其结构为:主语+have/has+过去分词+其他。主语是I,助动词用have,learn的过去分词为learned/learnt。故填have;learned/learnt。
37.Millie’s grandparents left Beijing last Saturday. (用since改写句子,句意不变)
_____________________________________________________________________
【答案】Millie’s grandparents have been away from Beijing since last Saturday.
【详解】句意:米莉的祖父母上周六离开了北京。since“自从”接过去时间点时,时态通常用现在完成时“have/has+过去分词”,left是短暂性动词,不能与时间段连用,要换成be away from,主语为复数,助动词用have,be的过去分词为been。
38.He went to Shanghai yesterday. He is still there now. (合并为一句)
He ________ ________ ________ Shanghai.
【答案】 has gone to
【详解】句意:他昨天去了上海。他现在还在那里。合并后体现“去了某地且尚未返回”的含义,所以要用现在完成时的固定结构“have/has gone to”来表达。主语He是第三人称单数,助动词用has。
39.—Have you ever been to the new water park (作否定回答)
—________ ________ ________.
【答案】 No I haven’t
【详解】句意:你去过新的水上公园吗?“Have you ever”是询问对方是否去过新的水上公园。否定回答就用No来表明否定态度,然后用I haven’t来回应前面的Have you。故填No;I;haven’t。
40.Has Lucy visited her grandparents recently (作肯定回答)
________, ________ ________.
【答案】 Yes she has
【详解】句意:露西最近去看望她的祖父母了吗?原句“Has Lucy visited her grandparents recently ”是现在完成时的一般疑问句,主语是Lucy,回答时用she指代,因此肯定回答是“Yes, she has”。故填Yes;she;has。
41.The Smiths have lived in the country for five years.(对画线部分提问)
________ ________ ________ the Smiths lived in the country
【答案】 How long have
【详解】句意:史密斯一家已经在乡下住了五年了。对“for five years”表示的时间段提问,用疑问词How long;原句为现在完成时,助动词have提前置于主语前。
42.He has lived in Beijing for 5 years.(对划线部分提问)
________ ________ has he lived in Beijing
【答案】 How long
【详解】句意:他已经在北京住了5年了。 对“for 5 years”表示的时间段提问,用疑问词How long; 原句为现在完成时,助动词has保留在主语前。
语法精讲
语法精练
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 (共 2 页)/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
Unit 1The Changing World单元语法精讲精练
一般过去时和现在完成时用法对比
一、用法对比:
时态 用法 例句
一般现在时 过去某时发生的动作 I visited Beijing last year.我去年游览了北京。(动作已结束)
过去存在的状态 She was a teacher ten years ago.她十年前是一名老师。(现在可能不是了)
过去习惯性的动作 He walked to school when he was young.他年轻时步行上学。(现在不这样了)
现在完成时 过去动作对现在的影响 I have lost my key.我把钥匙弄丢了。(现在还没找到,影响现在)
从过去持续到现在 We have lived here for ten years.我们在这里住了十年了。(现在还住在这里)
过去经历(未指明时间) She has been to Paris.她去过巴黎。(有过这种经历)
对比总结:
对比项 一般过去时 现在完成时
时间关系 只表示过去,与现在无关 过去与现在有关联
动作是否结束 动作已结束 动作可能已结束(影响现在)或仍在继续
时间状语 常与明确的过去时间连用 不与明确的过去时间连用
侧重点 动作本身或过去的事实 动作的结果或持续状态
二、句式结构对比:
1. 一般过去时
句式 结构 例句
肯定句 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 He played football yesterday.他昨天踢了足球。
否定句 主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他 He didn't play football yesterday.他昨天没有踢足球。
一般疑问句 Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + did.否定回答:No, 主语 + didn't. —Did he play football yesterday 他昨天踢足球了吗?—Yes, he did./No, he didn't.是的,他做了。/不,他没有做。
特殊疑问句 疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? What did he do yesterday 他昨天做了什么?
2. 现在完成时
句式 结构 例句
肯定句 主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他 He has finished his homework.他已经完成了作业。
否定句 主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词 + 其他 He hasn't finished his homework.他还没完成作业。
一般疑问句 Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他?肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + have/has.否定回答:No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't. —Has he finished his homework 他完成作业了吗?—Yes, he has./No, he hasn't.是的,他有。/不,他没有。
特殊疑问句 疑问词 + have/has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他? What has he done 他做了什么?
对比总结:
对比项 一般过去时 现在完成时
助动词 did(用于疑问/否定) have/has
动词形式 过去式(did后还原为原形) 过去分词
否定缩写 didn't haven't / hasn't
回答方式 Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. Yes, ... have/has. / No, ... haven't/hasn't.
三、标志词(时间状语)对比:
1. 一般过去时的标志词
标志词 例句
yesterday(昨天) I saw him yesterday.我昨天看见他了。
last + 时间(上周/月/年) She came here last week/month/year.她上周/上个月/去年来到这里。
... ago(……以前) They left two hours ago.他们两小时前离开了。
in + 过去年份 He was born in 2010.他出生于2010年。
just now(刚才) I met her just now.我刚才遇见她了。
at that time(在那时) We were students at that time.我们当时还是学生。
the other day(前几天) I bought a book the other day.前几天我买了一本书。
2. 现在完成时的标志词
标志词 含义和用法 例句
already(已经) 用于肯定句 He has already left.他已经离开了。
yet(还/尚未) 用于否定句和疑问句 Have you finished yet 你做完了吗?
just(刚刚) 动作刚完成 I have just eaten.我刚吃过饭。
ever(曾经) 用于疑问句 Have you ever been to Beijing 你去过北京吗?
never(从不/从未) 从未有过 I have never seen such a film.我从未看过这样的电影。
before(以前) 不确定的过去 I have read this book before.我之前读过这本书。
for + 时间段 持续多久 We have known each other for five years.我们认识已经五年了。
since + 时间点/从句 从……以来 I have lived here since 2015 / since I was a child.我从2015年起/从小就住在这里。
so far / up to now到目前为止 从过去到现在 So far, we have learned 1000 words.到目前为止,我们已经学习了1000个单词。
in the past/last + 时间段(过去……以来) 一段时间内 In the past three years, he has changed a lot.在过去的三年里,他发生了很大的变化。
四、使用注意事项
(一)一般过去时的注意事项
1. did 后的动词必须用原形
例:He didn't went.(错)→ He didn't go.(对)
Did you saw him (错)→ Did you see him (对)
2. 不能与 now, today 等现在时间连用
例:I did my homework now.(错误)
3. 表示过去习惯时,常与 used to 区分
例:I walked to school.(过去某时做过)
I used to walk to school.(过去常常做,现在不做了)
(二)现在完成时的注意事项
1. have/has 的选择:第三人称单数用 has,其他人称用 have。
例:He/She/It has done...
I/You/We/They have done...
2. 注意不规则动词过去分词的构成,如go → gone, see → seen, do → done等
3. 不能与明确的过去时间连用
例:I have seen him yesterday.(错误!)
She has come here last week.(错误!)
4. for 和 since 的区别
for + 时间段(表示多久):for three years, for two hours
since + 时间点/从句(表示从何时开始):since 2010, since he came
5. have been to vs have gone to
have been to 去过某地(已经回来);have gone to去了某地(还没回来或在途中)
例:I have been to Shanghai.(我去过上海,现在不在那里)
He has gone to Shanghai.(他去上海了,现在不在这里)
5、瞬间动词 vs 延续性动词
表示"持续"时,瞬间动词(如 buy, die, join, leave, begin)不能与 for/since 连用,需要转换成延续性动词,如下表:
瞬间动词 用于替换的延续性动词 例句:
buy have I have had this book for two years.这本书我已经买了两年了。
die be dead His grandfather has been dead for ten years.他的祖父已经去世十年了。
join be in/be a member of He has been in the army since 2020.他自2020年起一直在部队服役。
leave be away She has been away for three days.她已经离开三天了。
begin be on The film has been on for ten minutes.电影已经放映了十分钟。
一、单项选择。
1.The girl was brushing her teeth when her dad ________ in.
A.came B.was coming C.comes
2.— Where did you go on holiday
— I ________ back to the US with my mum and sister.
A.have been B.went C.will be
3.He ________ live in the countryside, but now he lives in a city.
A.used to B.is used to C.uses to D.was used to
4.—Where did you go last weekend
—I __________ my grandma in the countryside.
A.visited B.visit C.visits D.visiting
5.— We have been good friends since we ________ the same primary school.
— That’s true. I’ll never forget those good old days!
A.have entered B.entered C.enter
6.Christian ________ with John and Anthony in London for about a year.
A.lived B.lives C.is living D.will live
7.My grandmother often ________ stories about Chinese folk art to me when I was a child.
A.tells B.told C.is telling D.will tell
8.Liu Wei ________ shy, but now he is outgoing.
A.used to be B.didn’t use to be C.used to D.didn’t use to
9.Peter has ________ The Final Problem for his report.
A.choose B.chose C.chosen
10.—________ you ever ________ Harry Potter
—Yes, I have.
A.Do; read B.Have; read C.Did; read
11.My best friend Larry ________ Beijing three times.
A.has been to B.has been in C.has gone to D.has gone in
12.With the help of the local government, the small village ________ a popular tourist attraction in the past five years.
A.becomes B.became C.has become D.will become
13.—How long have you ________ this dictionary
—For three years. It helps me a lot.
A.bought B.had C.borrowed D.lent
14.Xuebing Monkey ________ popular in Changchun since 2024.
A.is B.was C.will be D.has been
15.Have you ________ learned about the customs of Indian people
A.ever B.already C.just D.yet
16.Have you ________ been to the Victoria Falls
A.already B.yet C.just D.ever
17.—________ you ever ________ to an animal shelter
—Yes, I have. I went there last week.
A.Did; go B.Have; been C.Do; go D.Are; going
18.—________ you ever ________ to the Great Wall
—Yes, I have. I ________ there last year.
A.Have; been; went B.Have; gone; went
C.Did; go; have been D.Did; go; went
19.You ________ weight if you eat too much junk food.
A.won’t lose B.will lose
C.don’t lose D.lose
20.In January 2026, Chinese swimmer Qin Haiyang ________ another world record to prove himself as one of the greatest athletes.
A.will break B.broke C.has broken
二、单词拼写。
21.I used ________ (play) in a band back in senior high school.
22.Tom ________ (choose) to watch a comedy to cheer himself up yesterday.
23.The boy ________ (grow) up in a small village and moved to Beijing in 2025.
24.Last weekend, we ________ (go) to the countryside and enjoyed the fresh air.
25.I have already ________ (finish) reading Little Women. It was great!
26.Have you ever ________ (plan) to start a reading club with your friends
27.Since he was allowed to do what he likes on weekends, Tom ________ (become) much happier and more confident.
28.I ________ (learn) 2000 English words already.
29.The government ________ (take) action to protect the rivers. Now they are cleaner.
三、完成句子。
30.Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin by accident. (改为一般疑问句)
________ Alexander Fleming ________ penicillin by accident
31.We often go camping.(用last Sunday改写句子)
We ________ ________ last Sunday.
32.Wendy did voluntary work at the old lady’s house last weekend. (改为否定句)
Wendy ________ ________ voluntary work at the old lady’s house last weekend.
33.Did you help your classmate keep calm during the storm (作肯定回答)
________________________________________________________________
34.Did you stay healthy by eating vegetables yesterday (作否定回答)
_______________________________________________________________
35.He has already finished the work. (改为一般疑问句)
________ he ________ the work ________
36.Last night I learned ten English words. (用so far替换last night改写句子)
So far I ________ ________ ten English words.
37.Millie’s grandparents left Beijing last Saturday. (用since改写句子,句意不变)
_____________________________________________________________________
38.He went to Shanghai yesterday. He is still there now. (合并为一句)
He ________ ________ ________ Shanghai.
39.—Have you ever been to the new water park (作否定回答)
—________ ________ ________.
40.Has Lucy visited her grandparents recently (作肯定回答)
________, ________ ________.
41.The Smiths have lived in the country for five years.(对画线部分提问)
________ ________ ________ the Smiths lived in the country
42.He has lived in Beijing for 5 years.(对划线部分提问)
________ ________ has he lived in Beijing
语法精讲
语法精练
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 (共 2 页)

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