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8B Unit 8单元复习
一、单元重点、难点词汇用法讲解
考点1.cause的用法
1.cause n.原因；理由 the cause of... ...的原因 2.cause vt.引起、使发生 cause an accident引起一场事故
考点2.pour的用法
pour vt.倾倒、流出 pour...into...把...倒入... pour...out把...倒出 vi.倾泻 vt&vi(雨)倾盆而下；下大雨 It never rains but it pours.祸不单行
考点3 separate (使)分开；区分
1.及物动词：使分离、区分 2.作定语：修饰名词，表 “单独的；分开的” separate A from B 把 A 和 B 分开 / 区分开 separate sth into sth 把某物分成若干部分 separate sb/sth from sth 使某人 / 某物与…… 分离（尤指被迫分开） a separate room 单独的房间 3.名词：separation分离；分开；分居；隔离 区分：separate (v.) vs divide (v.) separate：侧重将原本在一起或混合的事物分开，强调恢复各自的独立性，不一定是平均划分。 separate the coins from the bills（把硬币和纸币分开） divide：侧重将整体分成若干部分，强调划分的动作，常涉及平均分配。 divide the cake into six pieces（把蛋糕分成六块）
考点4 recycle 回收利用 回收利用（可再利用的材料）；重新使用（观念、文章等）
recycle + 材料名词 回收某种材料
recycle sth into sth 把某物回收加工成某物
recycle sth from sth 从某物中回收利用某部分
recycle at + 地点 在某地进行回收
recycle for + 目的 为某目的而回收
名词：recycling 回收利用；回收业（最常用）
形容词：recycled 可回收的；再生的
考点5 successfully 的用法
successfully adv. 成功地 考点拓展 （1）success n. 成功。 （2）successful adj. 成功的。 （3）succeed vi.成功， succeed in doing sth. “成功地做某事”
考点6 total 用法
total adj.总的，全部的 the total number of... ...的总数 2.total n.总数；合计 in total总共，合计（=in all）（句首 / 句末均可） a total of...总数为...（后接具体数量） 副词：totally / t t li/ 完全地；彻底地；总计
考点7 strict 严格的
be strict with对...严格 be strict with sb about sth 对某人在某事上严格 be strict in sth 对某事（如工作、研究）要求严谨
考点8control 控制
control one’s feelings 控制情绪 / 感情 control oneself 控制自己；保持冷静 control the spread of the disease. have/exercise/gain/take control (of) 拥有 / 行使 / 获得 / 取得（对…… 的）控制权 lose control (of) 失去对…… 的控制 maintain/keep control (of) 保持对…… 的控制 under control 处于控制之下；情况良好 out of control 失去控制 in control (of) 掌控；负责 beyond control 无法控制 a remote control 遥控器
考点9 break 用法
break (broke, broken)。 1.vt.违反，违背 break the rule违反规则 2.vt.&vi (使)破，裂，碎 break the window打破窗户 拓展break的短语： break out爆发 break into闯入 break down(机器或车辆）发生故障，出毛病;（使）（物质）分解
考点10 punish惩罚
名词：punishment punish sb. for (doing) sth.因某事惩罚某人 punish sb. by doing sth.以某种方式惩罚某人
考点11 fine罚款
1.vt. 对...处以罚款 fine sb. for (doing) sth.因某事罚款某人 fine sb. + 金额罚某人多少钱 2.adj. 健康的，身体好的 I’m fine。我很好。 3.adj. 高质量的，美好的 a fine day美好的一天
考点12 waste 用法
1.waste做动词，意为“浪费”，后面可直接接名词或代词做宾语。 常用搭配：waste time/money on sth.或waste time/money（in）doing sth.，表示“在（做）某事上浪费时间/金钱”。 2.waste做名词，“浪费、废料、废品” a waste of...浪费...
考点13 run out 用完、耗尽
run out ①用完、耗尽，其主语为被用尽的时间、食物、金钱等，后面不能直接接宾语 run out of用完...,耗尽...(其主语为表示人的名词或代词，宾语为用完的物，相当于use up) ②跑出去 run out of从...跑出去
考点14 widely 广泛地，普遍地
widely adv.广泛地，普遍地 拓展：wide adj.宽阔的，广泛的 a wide road一条宽阔的道路 have wide interests 兴趣广泛
考点15.make a difference的用法
make a difference意为“影响；有作用”。 make some/no difference（to sb. /sth.）意为“（对某人/某物）有些影响/没有影响，（对某人/某物）重要/不重要”。difference前还可用much, big，great等来修饰。
考点16 vote投票，表决
vote for投票支持 vote against投票反对 vote on sth就某事进行表决
考点17 pollute污染
名词：pollution air pollution空气污染 形容词：polluted受污染的 名词：polluter污染者污染源 be polluted by sth.（强调污染的主体） pollute sb.’s mind/thoughts败坏儿童的心智
二、语法
一般将来时的被动语态
1. 一般将来时的被动语态的常用结构如下：
（1）am / is / are going to be done （be动词的单复数由主语决定），表示“打算被做...”。
（2）will be done表示“将要被做...”，will无人称限制。
这两种结构的否定式都是在be动词和will后加not；
一般疑问句结构只需把be动词和will置于句首；
特殊疑问句结构为“疑问词 + be + 主语 + going to be + 过去分词+（其它）？”
“疑问词 + will + 主语 + be + 过去分词 + （其它）？”
2.该语态结构有以下两种用法：
（1）表示根据计划或安排将要发生的被动性动作。
Is this work going to be done at once？这项工作将立即完成吗？
Those books won’t be published next month.那些书下个月出版不了。
When will that patient be operated on？那位病人何时要被实施手术？
（2）表示有固定性条件就有规律性被动结果。
Heated to 100℃，water will be turned into steam. 加热到100度时，水将会变成蒸汽。
If you speak in class, you will be punished by our teacher. 如果你在课堂上讲话，你将会受到我们老师的惩罚。
3.一般将来时的被动语态和主动语态的转换
主动语态的主语，变被动语态时要转换为“by +主语（代词用宾格）”结构；主动语态的谓语动词，变被动语态要用be going to / will be +“该动词的过去分词”。主动语态的宾语要变为被动语态的主语。
They will make some parts of the car in the factory. 他们将在工厂里制造车的一些配件。
单项选择
1．—A new recycling station ________ in our neighbourhood next month.
—Wow, that’s good news! It will become much cleaner.
A．is built B．isn’t built C．will be built D．won’t be built
2．The 2028 Olympic Games ________ in Los Angeles.
A．hold B．are held C．will hold D．will be held
3．It is said that more railways ________ to improve the traffic situation in our city.
A．built B．will be built C．are building D．have been built
4．The meeting ________ at the community center this afternoon. Please prepare some hot water and paper cups.
A．will hold B．will be held C．is held D．holds
5．—No matter how many difficulties we meet, I believe all the problems ________ in the end.
—I hope so.
A．solve B．will solve C．are solved D．will be solved
6．—More and more people like to visit Jingji Road in Zhenjiang at night.
—Yes. In the coming days, more cultural activities ________ to make it even more popular.
A．will hold B．are held C．were held D．will be held
7．All the students ________ into different clubs according to their choices next term.
A．are separated B．separate C．will be separated D．will separate
8．The parents’ meeting ________ in the school hall next Saturday.
A．was held B．is held C．will be held D．will hold
9．—A show on how to control pollution _________ tomorrow. Will you come
—I’d love to. Thank you, Kitty.
A．holds B．was held C．is held D．will be held
10．The meeting will ________ at 8 o’clock.
A．be held B．hold C．takes place D．be taken place
词汇运用
第一节 根据句子所给汉语注释或首字母，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
1．If you break the environmental rules, you will be (惩罚).
2．The (总数的) number of students in our school is 1200.
3．—Shall we go on Friday or Saturday？—Either day is OK. It makes no d______ to me.
4．We won’t have clean water unless we stop p rivers and lakes.
5．Rubbish should be s into different groups for recycling.
6．This bottle is made of r plastic. It’s good for the earth.
7．We should p the environment by planting trees and reducing pollution.
8．Can you get me some b from the store The ones in my remote control have run out of power.
第二节 从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，，填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。
especially pollute or right away break down
Thanks to plastic, life is more convenient (便利的). However, plastic is also hurting our lives. It is 9 the environment and killing animals. And it takes hundreds of years for plastic 10 . What’s worse, most people haven’t realized the importance of using less plastic. People are still making, using and throwing away more plastic every day. So we need to take action 11 .
We must cut our use of plastic, 12 single-use plastic. We must also recycle more, 13 we might not have a life or a world left.
短文填空 填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Protecting the environment is an important challenge. People should start with small things to have a great influence 1 it. For example, we can save electricity by shutting down the computers when we don’t use them. Recycling paper, plastic and glass is also an easy way to reduce the pollution.
When it comes to pollution, water pollution is a big problem for 2 (we) planet. Every year, 3 (million) of animals die because of it. We must keep something dirty and harmful away from rivers or lakes. Air pollution is another serious problem in the world. Too much smoke from cars usually 4 (make) the air bad for us. To clean the air, people should 5 (encourage) to use public transportation like buses as often as possible. If fewer people drive cars, there will be 6 (little) air pollution. I think it is important for everyone 7 (have) the fresh air.
I want to do something for the world as well. I succeeded in joining the environment club in my school last year. I was the 8 (twenty) member in it at that time. We did many helpful activities 9 drew more people’s attention. So far, the number of the members has increased to ninety. I feel proud that the club is doing its part to protect the environment 10 (proper).
I believe the earth will become a greener planet in the future if we all work together. So let’s start from now on.
完形填空
Live a Green Life
A green world is important for all living things. To make our planet healthier, we should all live a green life and do our part to protect the 1 .
First, we can save energy in daily life. We should turn off the lights and other electrical appliances when we don’t use them. Using energy-saving bulbs can help 2 a lot of electricity. What’s more, we’d better walk or ride bikes for short trips instead of taking cars. It not only saves fuel but also reduces air 3 .
Second, we need to reduce waste. We can use reusable bags when shopping and avoid buying products with too much packaging. Old plastic bottles can be recycled instead of being thrown away. Recycling helps save resources and cut down pollution.
Third, we should protect plants and animals. Many wild animals are in danger because their habitats are destroyed. We mustn’t hunt or kill them. Protecting wild animals means protecting our own living 4 .
My family has been living a green life for years. We reuse water to clean the floor after washing vegetables. My parents always take public transport to work. I often collect waste paper and bottles to recycle. Living a green life is not difficult. It’s just a matter of changing our daily habits.
5 everyone lives a green life, our world will become more beautiful. We can 6 green products in daily life, like reusable water bottles. Every small green choice makes us feel 7 of protecting the earth. Let’s keep going and make the world a 8 place for all living things. We have only one earth, and it’s our duty to protect it for future 9 . Small acts can make a big 10 to the environment.
1．A．environment B．school C．family D．company
2．A．waste B．save C．spend D．use
3．A．protection B．pollution C．cleaning D．improvement
4．A．rooms B．houses C．spaces D．areas
5．A．If B．Unless C．Because D．Though
6．A．buy B．choose C．refuse D．sell
7．A．proud B．sad C．angry D．tired
8．A．slower B．greener C．busier D．noisier
9．A．friends B．generations C．classmates D．neighbors
10．A．problem B．question C．difference D．decision
阅读理解
A
More than 1，100 manatees(海牛) died in Florida in 2021, many from hunger. So some experts (专家) came up with a plan to give food to the manatees. They decided to feed them green vegetables like lettuce(生菜) and cabbage. Ron Mezich, an expert, said, “We’re making a difference.” So far, they have served up more than 193，000 pounds of lettuce to hungry manatees.
Manatees are huge sea animals that only eat seagrass and other plants that live in the sea. That’s one reason why they’re sometimes called “sea cows”．
Since 1967, Florida’s manatees have been on the US government’s list of animals in danger. Most dangers to manatees come from humans. One of the biggest problems is boats. Thousands of manatees were hit or killed by boats. At one point, there were only about 2，000 manatees left in Florida. With protection, the number increased. In 2016, there were more than 6，000 manatees.
However, as seagrass began to disappear(消失), the number of manatees keeps going down again. Warming seas with polluted water have created the huge growth of algae (藻) on the ocean’s surface. The algae stops the sunlight from reaching the seagrass, so the seagrass can’t grow. Manatees often go to the Indian River Lagoon for the winter, but about 90% of the seagrass beds there have died off. Florida will work to help restore (恢复) seagrass beds. But that will take time. Scientists still worry that hundreds more manatees could starve this winter.
1．How has the number of manatees changed over years
A． B．
C． D．
2．What is the meaning of the underlined word “starve”
A．To die from hunger. B．To eat up seagrass.
C．To be hit by boats. D．To lose swimming ability.
3．Which shows the correct order of the causes of manatees’ deaths
A．sea pollution → growth of algae → death of seagrass → deaths of manatees
B．growth of algae → sea pollution → death of seagrass → deaths of manatees
C．sea pollution → death of seagrass→ growth of algae → deaths of manatees
D．growth of algae → death of seagrass→ sea pollution → deaths of manatees
4．Which is the best title for this passage
A．Manatees Feeding Program B．Money Given to Save Manatees
C．Seagrass Beds Are Restored for Manatees D．Causes for Manatees’ Deaths Are Still Unclear
B
People are more and more worried about the environment. Many people now prefer products and companies that care about the earth and cause less pollution. This need for green products has led companies to change their business.
Before, customers used cheap plastic bags, and then threw them away. But now most supermarkets and stores usually provide reusable shopping bags for them. This causes less waste. They also offer more local products, because less energy is needed for carrying them from one place to another.
To help lower air pollution, big car factories are looking for other ways to control the amount of oil. Cars that use much less oil are very popular. Many companies are also developing fully electric cars. They produce no air pollution at all. Both kinds of cars have another advantage: They are cheaper to run and people don’t need to worry about oil prices.
The airline companies face an even greater green challenge. Airplanes use much more oil than cars. So many airlines are now developing planes that can run on some other kinds of oil. They create less pollution and cost less. The companies are also developing a new kind of plane, and some of them use only solar panels (太阳能板) to fly!
Green businesses used to be popular with only a small group of people. But now, more and more companies have to show they care about the environment. Many products are marked “green” in order to look nice. However, people still have to be careful when choosing green products. It’s important to make sure the products are as good as the businessmen say.
5．What does the word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．Local products. B．Green products.
C．Cheap plastic bags. D．Reusable shopping bags.
6．The last sentence of the passage is written to _________.
A．show the green products are healthy
B．encourage people to buy green products
C．tell people to choose green products carefully
D．explain the importance of the environment
7．Which is the right structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
8．What’s the best title for the passage
A．Green Is Cheaper B．Green Saves the Earth
C．Green Is Good Business D．Green Makes Life Easier
信息还原
A new way of exercising, called plogging ( 跑步捡垃圾), is becoming popular around the world. 1 Actually, picking up the rubbish in the forest or parks can also keep you fit.
The plogging activity was started by Erik Ahlstrom in 2016 in Sweden. After moving to Stockholm, he found there was rubbish here and there while riding his bike to work every day. 2 And he felt good enough to clean up even a small place. Picking up rubbish became a habit, then a part of his exercise, as he told his partners about the activity. By 2016, other people were joining in, and plogging became an official thing in Sweden. 3
Many people have plogged for a long time. 4 Emily picked up cigarette ends, plastic bottles and so on. Some of them were smelly and even made her sick. She thought it’s bad for a person to leave rubbish everywhere.
5 Everyone can do it to make a difference. Let’s act now.
A．So he started picking it up.
B．The plogging activity is good for the old.
C．In a word, plogging is good for our health and the environment.
D．Plogging is not always pleasant.
E．Young people shouldn’t throw rubbish everywhere.
F．It asks people to pick up the rubbish while running.
G．Since then, the activity has grown more popular around the world.
词汇检测 根据下列句子所给汉语注释或首字母或所给词的适当形式填空。每空限填一词。
1.Lucy is the only child in her family, but her parents are （严格）with her.
2. Fresh air makes a d to our health.
3.The old man s survived the operation.
4. The central computer system can ______ /k n'tr l/ all lights in this building.
5. Mount Qomolangma reaches a height of about 8,848 metres above sea ______ /levl/ .
6.Jasmine(茉莉) grows ___________(wide) in China, mainly in Hengzhou, Guangxi.
7.Teenagers are supposed to spend their money ___________(wise).
8.David is very happy because he knows that he has really made a _______________(different)!
9.In March, 2025, the robot went 2,000 metres under the South China Sea _________________(success).
10.After the exam, you can take time to learn from your mistakes and think about your time _________(manage).
完形填空
When I was young, Mom asked my sisters and me to pick up the rubbish. We closed our eyes 1 avoid (回避) it. We hoped not to meet our 2 . It was embarrassing (令人尴尬的). 3 , we knew we couldn’t control it.
4 , our secret became known quickly. One of 5 classmates passed by and asked “What are you doing ” His 6 made us feel uncomfortable. My mom explained, “As you see, we are 7 tables and chairs. I believe it’s 8 to turn rubbish into treasure (财富). For example, old tables would be beautiful and clean 9 being painted again. The most 10 point is that we can give rubbish a second life. It is 11 in protecting the environment and that’s what we are doing.”
Our classmate started to 12 us after hearing my mom’s words. He 13 that it was important for the Earth. Soon, he wanted 14 a hand too. He even asked more kids to 15 us in collecting trash. To our surprise, the embarrassing thing in our eyes became something cool at last!
1．A．of B．to C．for D．with
2．A．sisters B．teachers C．classmates D．parents
3．A．However B．So C．Or D．And
4．A．Naturally B．Honestly C．Excitedly D．Unluckily
5．A．his B．our C．her D．their
6．A．laughter B．song C．noise D．music
7．A．putting up B．cleaning up C．giving up D．cutting up
8．A．slower B．faster C．better D．harder
9．A．without B．before C．after D．during
10．A．important B．strange C．expensive D．comfortable
11．A．helpful B．enough C．ready D．famous
12．A．remember B．understand C．accept D．believe
13．A．worried B．hoped C．imagined D．realized
14．A．give B．gives C．giving D．to give
15．A．join B．change C．stop D．answer
阅读理解
C
Right now, the biggest source of energy(能源) in the world is fossil fuel(矿物燃料). Fossil fuels are oil, gas, and coal (煤). More than 80 percent of the world’s energy comes from fossil fuel. There are many problems with fossil fuel. One problem is that when fossil fuel is burned, it pollutes the air. Also, when we take fossil fuel from the Earth, we often cause a lot of harm. Another problem is that we’re running out of it.
A big source of energy for many countries is nuclear power(核能).Thirty-one countries use nuclear power. A lot of ships also use it.
Nuclear power has some advantages(优点). First of all, we can’t run out of nuclear power. Nuclear power does not make the air dirty. Also, if a country has nuclear power, it doesn’t need to buy as much oil from other countries.
However, there are also a lot of problems that come with nuclear power. For example, nuclear accidents are very serious. In 1986, there was a nuclear accident in Russia. In the next 20 years, about 4,000 people got sick and died. In 2011 there was another very serious nuclear accident in Japan. That was several years ago, but Japan is still trying to clean up the nuclear waste from the accident.
Many people don’t want nuclear power in their countries. They say that it’s not safe. A lot of people in the United States, Russia, France, Japan, India, and many other countries want their countries to use safer and cleaner ways to get electricity(电力). Sometimes they get together to show their strong disagreement with nuclear energy.
Many people hate nuclear energy, but more and more countries are using it. One reason for this is that the world is using more and more energy. We just don’t have enough fossil fuel. However, if we use nuclear power, then we may have more serious problems in the future.
1．In the second sentence of the fifth paragraph, what does the underlined word “it” mean
A．The country. B．Nuclear power. C．A person. D．The electricity.
2．What can we learn from the passage
A．Nuclear power is a kind of fossil fuels. B．There were no nuclear accidents in 1986.
C．Nuclear power is easy enough to make. D．People may run out of fossil fuel one day.
3．The following sentence would best be placed at the end of ________.“That’s why we need new sources of energy.”
A．Paragraph 1 B．Paragraph 3 C．Paragraph 4 D．Paragraph 5
4．What would be the best title for the passage
A．A Safe Source of Energy B．The Best Energy Source in the World!
C．Everyone Loves Nuclear Power . D．We Should Only Use Fossil Fuels.
书面表达
近年来，各地积极推进中小学劳动实践教育课程常态化，将种植树木、清扫卫生、整理家务等纳入中小学课程体系。为美化校园，提升学生们的劳动实践能力，同时创建绿色校园，倡导低碳生活，学校将举行主题为“我是环保小卫士”的演讲比赛。请你根据下面的内容提示用英语写一份主题为“Let's be green”的演讲稿
注意：
1.词数100左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Hello, everyone! I am glad to have a chance to give my speech here.
That’s all. Thank you for listening.参考答案
单项选择
1-5.CDBBD 6-10.DCCDA
词汇运用
1.punished 2.total 3.difference 4.polluting 5.separated 6.recycled 7.protect 8.batteries
第二节 从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，，填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。
9．polluting 10．to break down 11．right away 12．especially 13．or
短文填空 填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．on 2．our 3．millions 4．makes 5．be encouraged 6．less 7．to have 8．twentieth 9．and 10．properly
完形填空
1-5．ABBCA 6-10．BABBC
阅读理解
1-4.CAAA 5-8.CCBC
信息还原
1-5.FAGDC
词汇检测 根据下列句子所给汉语注释或首字母或所给词的适当形式填空。每空限填一词。
1. strict 2. difference 3. successfully 4. control 5. level 6.widely 7.wisely 8.difference 9.successfully 10.management
完形填空
1-5．BCADB 6-10．ABCCA 11-15．ABDDA
阅读理解
1-4.BDAA
书面表达
Hello, everyone! I am glad to have a chance to give my speech here.
Our school is organizing a “Green Guardian” campaign（运动） to create a cleaner and greener campus（校园）. We can all play a part in this meaningful activity.
First, we can plant trees and flowers around the school to make our environment more beautiful. Second, we should pick up litter and sort recyclable waste properly. Third, we can save energy by turning off lights and fans when leaving the classroom.
Also, let’s ride bicycles or walk to school instead of taking cars. This reduces air pollution and keeps us healthy. Small actions like these can make a big difference.
Let’s work together to protect our planet and make our school a greener place!
That’s all. Thank you for listening.

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