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/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级下册英语期末核心素养培优卷冀教版（新教材）
本卷满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
Every year, many people drown (溺水) because there aren’t good tools to help them in time. Can we create a strong and helpful tool to 1 people by the river This 2 comes from Liu Tiancheng, a student in Yangzhou, Jiangsu.
The 13-year-old 3 a telescopic water rescue pole (伸缩式水上救生杆). This invention led him to 4 the 13th Yangzhou Youth Science and Technology Innovation Award.
During the summer vacation of 2023, Liu did research in 5 such as Yangzhou, Wuxi, and Suzhou. He found that along the riversides in these cities, water safety tools are 6 throwable lifebuoys (救生圈). They are useful for rescues 7 the riverside, but they can’t help people far away. Also, some cities have rescue poles along the riversides. 8 they are often very heavy and can reach only 2 to 5 meters.
To make a water safety tool that’s both long and 9 , Liu came up with a rescue pole that’s like a fishing rod. When 10 , it’s less than 1 meter long, so it’s easy to carry. When you extend (拉伸) it, it can 11 about 5 meters,” Liu said.
It can be thrown into the 12 for people in need to hold onto. At the same time, an alarm (警报) will 13 . They can also create some light and can be seen at 14 .
According to Liu, the rescue pole costs about 120 yuan and remains long-term 15 . “It can be used in many different situations and help in a big way,” he said.
1．A．serve B．save C．catch D．control
2．A．idea B．information C．step D．spirit
3．A．discussed B．discovered C．imagined D．invented
4．A．hit B．win C．notice D．invite
5．A．villages B．towns C．cities D．countries
6．A．really B．hardly C．clearly D．mainly
7．A．near B．over C．against D．opposite
8．A．Although B．Unless C．But D．So
9．A．little B．light C．safe D．strong
10．A．folded B．dropped C．hung D．shaken
11．A．build B．cover C．fall D．reach
12．A．air B．water C．land D．sand
13．A．hit B．repeat C．ring D．hurt
14．A．sunset B．sunrise C．noon D．night
15．A．use B．goal C．care D．success
二、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读以下三篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。
A
Do you love taking a trip to the beach Going travelling is exciting but safety should always come first. Here are some tips for you to keep yourself safe during the beach trip.
Stay with your parents. Once there was a little boy playing with water on the beach. He left his parents to look for shells (贝壳) and forgot the time. In the end, he couldn’t find his parents. What a bad thing!
Be careful with swimming. If you go to the beach for the first time, ask others or check online to make sure it’s OK to swim there before you go swimming in the sea. Don’t swim alone. It is not safe. And when swimming in the sea, you should always wear a life jacket.
Watch out for things in the water. When something on the beach or in the sea bites you, you should go to see a doctor at once.
Remember, your life is valuable. While having fun, you should be very careful and always put safety first.
16．How does the writer support (支撑) his idea in paragraph 2
A．By listing numbers B．By giving an example.
C．By asking questions. D．By showing a report.
17．How many suggestions does the writer give us in the text
A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5.
18．What does the underlined word “It” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．Looking for shells. B．Playing with water.
C．Catching fish. D．Swimming alone in the sea.
19．What can we infer (推断) from the text
A．Parents shouldn’t take their kids to the beach.
B．It’s hard to swim in the sea.
C．You should go home when something hurts you.
D．There may be something dangerous in the sea.
20．What is the structure of this text (①= paragraph 1...)
A．B．C． D．
B
Happy Rain on a Spring NightGood rain knows its time right; It will fall when comes spring. With wind it steals in night; Mute, it moistens each thing. Over wild lanes dark cloud spreads; In the boat a lantern looms. Dawn sees saturated reds; The town’s heavy with blooms. — Translated by Xu Yuanchong
The 1st verse (诗节) : “Good” shows the poet’s joy and love for the spring rain. The rain is described (被描绘) as smart enough to arrive in time when the crops (庄稼) need it most.
The 2nd verse: The rain arrives with the wind at night, quietly watering all things without a sound.
The 3rd verse: The clouds in the night sky look dark and heavy. The light from a boat on the river makes the dark night a little more lively.
The 4th verse: The poet imagines how beautiful the city will become after the rain.
This famous poem, with four verses, was written by Du Fu (712-770, Tang Dynasty) when he was living and farming in Chengdu. His farming experiences made him grateful (感激的) to nature.
21．Which of the following rhyme schemes (韵脚) is right for this poem
A．aa-bb-cc-dd. B．ab-ab-cd-cd. C．ab-cd-ab-cd. D．aa-ab-cd-cb.
22．Which of the following Chinese verses comes from this poem
A．拥被听春雨，残灯一点青。 B．好雨知时节，当春乃发生。
C．竹外桃花三两枝，春江水暖鸭先知。 D．君问归期未有期，巴山夜雨涨秋池。
23．How does the poet show the effect of the rain in the last verse
A．By comparing flowers before and after the rain.
B．By describing the sound of raindrops on flowers.
C．By imagining the beautiful city on a morning after the rain.
D．By explaining why rain makes flowers grow.
24．How old was the poet when he died
A．57. B．58. C．67. D．68.
25．What was Du Fu’s feeling when he wrote this poem
A．Angry. B．Tired. C．Surprised. D．Glad.
C
Heavy fog is a common kind of weather, especially in autumn and winter in the northern cities of China. It forms when tiny water drops mix with dust or waste in the air, making it hard to see far away.
Heavy fog brings many challenges to our daily lives. For transportation, it’s very dangerous. Many car accidents happen because drivers can’t see clearly. Flights may be late or canceled. For our health, it’s harmful to breathe in foggy air. Because too much foggy air with dust and waste may cause people to cough or have sore throats, especially for children and the elderly.
We need to protect our lungs in foggy air. When going out, we should wear masks. When driving a car, we need to turn on fog lights and keep a safe distance from other cars. Experts also advise us to avoid unnecessary outdoor activities.
Heavy fog reminds us to protect nature and take care of our environment. The Chinese government has played an important role in reducing heavy fog.
26．When and where can you find heavy fog according to the passage
A．In Shijiazhuang in winter. B．In Sanya in summer.
C．In Kunming in autumn. D．In Guilin in spring.
27．What may happen if you take in too much foggy air
A．You may have a bad headache. B．Your throat may be sore.
C．You may have a stomachache. D．Your legs may be hurt.
28．What should you do in heavy fog weather
A．We should go out without masks.
B．We should turn on fog lights when we drive a car.
C．We should follow other cars as close as possible.
D．We should take children and old people to the park for fun.
29．What may the writer talk about in the next part of the passage
A．Why does the Chinese government help to reduce heavy fog
B．How can we reduce heavy fog in our daily lives
C．What actions has the Chinese government taken to reduce heavy fog
D．When will the air be as clean as before
30．Where can you find this passage
A．In a science magazine. B．In a film newspaper.
C．In an environmental protection magazine. D．In the neighborhood’s notice.
第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读短文，从文后所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有两项多余）
“Life is speeding up (加速). Everyone is getting unwell.”
This may sound like something someone would say today. But in fact, an unknown person who lived in ancient Rome wrote it.
We all love new inventions. They are exciting, amazing and can change our lives. 31
For example, you’re rushing to finish your homework on the computer. Your mobile phone rings. 32 Suddenly the computer goes bad and you lose all your work. 33 How calm and happy do you feel
Inventions have speeded up our lives so much that they often leave us feeling worried and tired. Why do you think people who live far away from noisy cities, who have no telephones, no cars, not even any electricity often seem to be happier 34 One family in the UK went “back in time” to see what life was like without all the inventions we have today. The grandparents, with their daughter, and grandsons Benjamin,10 and Thomas, 7, spent nine weeks in a 1940s house. They had no washing machine, microwave (微波炉), computer or mobile phones. The grandmother Lym said, “ 35 ” The boys said they fought less. Probably, they said, because there was less to fight over, such as their computer. Also Lym changed from being a fashionable (时尚的), beer-drinking granny, to one who cooked things.
A．Perhaps it’s because they live simpler lives.
B．Living in a different time will be lots of fun for us.
C．A QQ message from your friend appears on the screen.
D．Now you have to stay up all night to get it done.
E．But have all these developments really improved our lives
F．The more things you have, the more difficult life becomes.
G．We have achieved so much with the development of technology.
词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
36．With the ________ (develop) of technology, AI and robots will take over boring work.
37．Our class had a short ________ (discuss) about how to protect animals yesterday.
38．Our teacher explained the problem ________ (patient), so we understood it clearly.
39．It is everyone’s ________(responsible) to take care of our earth.
40．We should use ________ (science) knowledge to protect the environment.
41．My ________ (目标) is to go to the Tiangong Space Station as an astronaut.
42．She is a book lover, and she often ________ (交换) her books with others.
43．How terrible the disaster is! Many people are ________ (严重地) hurt and lose their homes.
44．Customers in China have ________(更喜欢)using mobile payment for many years.
45．My teachers always ________ (建议) me to read more books to improve my English.
完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
46．贵安新区已经发展成为中国最重要的大数据中心之一。
Guian New Area ________ ________ into one of China’s most important Big Data centres.
47．采取行动减少灾害或次生灾害是每个人的责任。
It is everyone’s responsibility to ________ ________ ________ reduce disasters or ________ ________.
48．每天晚上睡眠不足5小时会引发健康问题。
Sleeping for ________ ________ 5 hours every night can lead to health problems.
49．我们应该尽最大努力与污染作斗争。
We should try our best to ________ ________ pollution.
50．真正的幸福不在于物质，而在于有能力改变他人的生活。
True happiness can be found ________ in material things, ________ in the ability to ________ in the lives of others.
五、短文选词填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
pour rise make hit stick latest helpless home terrible work
Last summer, a terrible flood 51 our town. It rained heavily for three days. The river near our house 52 to a very high level. My family was busy 53 preparations. My father checked the house inside and out, and my mother bought cooked food and clean water.
When the flood came, the water 54 into the first floor of our house. We were 55 in the house for two days. We felt 56 and scared. But we had a first-aid kit and enough food. We also listened to the radio for the 57 news.
After the flood, the town was in a mess. Many people lost their 58 . They needed help. We 59 together to clean the streets and rebuild houses. It was a 60 experience, but we learned to fight against natural disasters.
六、短文语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号内单词的正确形式。
I like doing good things. As a student, I try to help others whenever I can. In 2025, I joined a volunteer team at my school, 61 I have been an active member since then. I believe small actions can make a big 62 (different).
Last Sunday, the team 63 (organise) a meaningful activity. We collected old clothes from our neighbours and donated them 64 a local charity. Seeing those clothes go to people in need made 65 (I) feel warm inside. After that, I visited my grandparents. They lived 66 simple life in the countryside. I helped them with the garden work. We planted some flowers together, and they were very happy 67 (have) my company.
Later that day, when my friends asked me to play online games, I smiled and said, “True 68 (happy) can be found not in games, but in helping others. I’m helping with a community clean-up now. Want to join us ” To my surprise, they agreed 69 (immediate). We worked and laughed together, and it 70 (turn) out to be the best weekend ever!
七、读写结合（共两节，满分25分）
第一节 任务型阅读（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
Do you want to eat more healthily Try Food Trainer! This free app was created by a group of scientists at the University of Exeter in the UK. It helps people eat less junk food through a simple and fun game. You can get it for free on your phone.
In the free game, healthy food always appears in green circles (圆圈) and unhealthy food always comes in red circles. Some other everyday objects, such as pencils and sweaters, appear randomly (随机地) in the green or red circles. If a user taps (轻击) on an object in the green circle, he or she gets a point. But tapping on an object in the red circle loses a point. The goal is to get as many points as possible while learning to avoid unhealthy choices.
Does this game really work The makers of the app carried out a study. They invited over 1,200 volunteers to play the game once a day. After a month, most volunteers reported eating healthier food. For example, some began choosing fruit instead of candy. Others cut down junk food from 2-4 times a week to once a week. Most volunteers lost more than half a kilogram of weight.
The app works so well because it uses brain training techniques (技术) to make people lose interest in junk food. It trains users’ brains to refuse junk food immediately when they see it. This quick reaction helps users say no to unhealthy food in daily life.
根据语篇内容，按要求回答问题。
71．Who created the app Food Trainer
72．What colour are the circles when healthy food appears on the app
73．How many volunteers were invited to play the game in the study
74．Why does the app work so well （不超过15个词）
75．Do you want to use this app Why or why not
第二节 书面表达（共1题，满分15分）
76．假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Tim来信询问你们学校的安全教育活动。请你给他写一封回信，分享你参加的一次学校地震演练（earthquake drill）经历。
内容要点 提示词
描述地震演练的基本情况 （时间、过程、同学们的表现） last Wednesday the first alarm/hide under desks the second alarm/walk downstairs gather on the playground
谈谈地震演练的好处 protect ourselves …
分享个人感受与收获 thankful …
要求：
1. 表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；
2. 必须包括表格中的所有信息，并按要求适当发挥；
3. 不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。
Dear Tim,
You asked about our school’s safety activities. I’d love to share a meaningful earthquake drill with you.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Have you ever experienced a similar drill Write to tell me about it!
Yours,
Li Hua
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．A 11．D 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．A
【导语】本文介绍扬州学生刘天诚发明伸缩式水上救生杆，解决现有工具携带不便、长度不足问题，获科技创新奖，旨在帮助溺水者。
【解析】1．句意：我们能不能打造一款结实实用的工具，来挽救河边遇险落水的人们？
前文点明每年很多人溺水身亡，工具用途是救人，save意为拯救；serve服务、catch抓住、control控制均和“救人脱险”语义不符。
2．句意：这个想法源自江苏扬州一名名叫刘天诚的学生。
上一句是想要研发救生工具的设想，idea表示想法、点子；information信息、step步骤、spirit精神，不能指代前文的设想构思。
3．句意：这名13岁男孩发明了伸缩式水上救生杆。
后文出现invention发明物，对应invented发明；discussed讨论、discovered发现已存在事物、imagined空想，不符合创造新器材的语境。
4．句意：这项发明帮助他斩获了第13届扬州青少年科技创新大赛奖项。
空后搭配award奖项，win the award意为获奖；hit击打、notice留意、invite邀请，无法和奖项搭配。
5．句意：2023年暑假，小刘在扬州、无锡、苏州等多个城市开展实地调研。
后面列举的扬州、无锡、苏州都属于城市，cities城市；villages村庄、towns乡镇、countries国家，和举例地点属性不符。
6．句意：他发现这些城市的河道边，水上救生工具主要是可投掷救生圈。
此处说明现有救生器材以救生圈为主，mainly主要地；really确实、hardly几乎不、clearly清楚地，代入后句意不通顺。
7．句意：救生圈在靠近河岸的救援里很实用，但没法救助远处落水的人。
后半句but can’t help people far away（救不了远处的人）反向提示此处是近处救援，near靠近；over在正上方、against倚靠、opposite在对面，空间含义不匹配。
8．句意：部分城市岸边还配备了救援杆，但是这类杆子通常很重，最多只能伸到2至5米。
前半句说配有救援杆，后半句说杆子笨重、伸展距离短，前后语义转折，But但是；Although尽管、Unless除非、So因此，逻辑连词不符合转折关系。
9．句意：为了研制出一款既能伸长又轻便的水上救生工具，小刘设计出钓鱼竿样式的救援杆。
后文提到折叠后不足1米、方便携带，对应light轻便的；little少量的、safe安全的、strong坚固的，不能体现便于携带的特点。
10．句意：当它折叠收起时，长度不足一米，方便随身携带。
后文extend（拉伸变长）反向提示本空是折叠状态，folded折叠；dropped掉落、hung悬挂、shaken晃动，和杆子伸缩结构无关。
11．句意：当你把它拉伸开，杆子能够伸至大约5米长。
前文老式救援杆只能到2-5米，新杆子拉伸后可达5米，reach伸展至、够到；build建造、cover覆盖、fall掉落，不符合杆子伸长的含义。
12．句意：救生杆可以抛入水中，供落水者抓握。
器材是水上救生用品，抛进水里救人，water水；air空气、land陆地、sand沙土，不符合落水救援场景。
13．.句意：与此同时，警报器会响起。
主语alarm警报，搭配ring表示警报鸣响；hit击打、repeat重复、hurt受伤，不能用来描述警报工作状态。
14．句意：救生杆还能发光，在夜里也能被看见。
create some light（发光）说明夜间可视，night夜晚；sunset日落、sunrise日出、noon正午，均无法对应发光照明的使用场景。
15．句意：据小刘介绍，这款救援杆造价约120元，还能长期投入使用。
long-term use长期使用；goal目标、care照料、success成功，不能和long-term搭配表示使用属性。
16．B 17．B 18．D 19．D 20．C
【导语】本文介绍了海滩旅行时的安全注意事项，强调安全第一。
【解析】16．第2段“Once there was a little boy playing with water on the beach... What a bad thing!”可知，作者在第2段通过“一个小男孩在海滩和父母走散”的例子，支撑了“要和父母待在一起”的观点。
17．文中给出的建议：第2段：“Stay with your parents.”；第3段：“Be careful with swimming.”；第4段：“Watch out for things in the water.”可知，共3条建议。
18．第3段“Don’t swim alone. It is not safe.”可知，“It”指代前文提到的“独自在海里游泳”这件事。
19．第4段“Watch out for things in the water. When something on the beach or in the sea bites you, you should go to see a doctor at once.”可知，文中提到要小心水里的东西，被咬了要立刻看医生，说明海里可能有危险的东西。
20．文章结构为：①总起（引出海滩安全话题）；②-④分述3条具体建议；⑤总结（强调安全第一）。
21．B 22．B 23．C 24．B 25．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文（诗歌赏析），介绍了杜甫的《春夜喜雨》及其英译，分析了每节诗的内容，并提供了诗人的背景信息。诗歌表达了诗人对春雨的喜悦和对自然的感激之情。
【解析】21．根据诗歌内容可知：right和night押韵，spring和thing押韵，spreads和reds押韵，looms和blooms押韵，由此可知押韵方式是ab-ab-cd-cd。
22．根据英文第一诗节“Good rain knows its time right; It will fall when comes spring.”可知，对应诗句是“好雨知时节，当春乃发生。”A项“拥被听春雨，残灯一点青”不是杜甫作品；C项出自苏轼《惠崇春江晚景》；D项出自李商隐《夜雨寄北》。
23．根据文中对第四诗节的解析“The poet imagines how beautiful the city will become after the rain.”可知，诗人通过想象雨后清晨城市的美景来表现雨的效果。
24．根据文中杜甫生卒年份“712-770”可知，770-712=58，杜甫去世时58岁。
25．根据文中“‘Good’ shows the poet’s joy and love for the spring rain.”以及“grateful to nature”可知，诗人写这首诗时是高兴的。
26．A 27．B 28．B 29．C 30．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国北方城市秋冬季节常见的重雾天气，分析了其成因、对交通和健康的危害，提出了个人防护建议，并提到了政府在减少重雾方面的作用。
【解析】26．第一段明确指出：“Heavy fog is a common kind of weather, especially in autumn and winter in the northern cities of China.”，重雾在中国北方城市的秋冬季节很常见。选项中，石家庄位于中国北方，且时间为冬季，符合文中描述；三亚、昆明、桂林均位于南方或气候温暖地区，不符合“北方城市”这一关键信息。
27．第二段明确指出：“Because too much foggy air with dust and waste may cause people to cough or have sore throats...”，说明吸入过多雾气可能导致喉咙痛。
28．第三段明确指出：“When driving a car, we need to turn on fog lights and keep a safe distance from other cars.”，说明开车时应打开雾灯并保持安全距离。
29．文章最后一段提到：“The Chinese government has played an important role in reducing heavy fog.”，中国政府在减少重雾方面发挥了重要作用。根据行文逻辑，接下来最有可能具体介绍政府采取了哪些具体措施来减少重雾，因此选C项“What actions has the Chinese government taken to reduce heavy fog ”最为合理。
30．文章内容涉及重雾的成因、危害、防护以及环境保护和政府措施，属于环保和健康科普类话题，因此最可能出现在“环境保护杂志”中。
31．E 32．C 33．D 34．A 35．F
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，通过引用古罗马人的话、现代生活实例以及一个英国家庭的“回到过去”实验，探讨了发明创造虽然给生活带来了便利，但也加速了生活节奏，让人们感到焦虑和疲惫，从而引发对“科技发展是否真正改善了生活”的思考。
【解析】31．第三段提到我们都喜爱新发明，它们令人兴奋、惊叹并能改变我们的生活。后文以做作业时手机、电脑出故障为例，说明科技带来的困扰。选项E“But have all these developments really improved our lives ”起到转折作用，由“喜爱发明”转向“反思发明是否真正改善了生活”，引出下文的具体例子。
32．第四段描述你正赶着在电脑上完成作业，接着手机响了。选项C“A QQ message from your friend appears on the screen.”具体说明了手机响后发生的事情（收到QQ消息），与后文“电脑出故障”并列，共同构成干扰因素。
33．第四段提到电脑出故障导致作业丢失，后文问“你感觉有多平静和快乐？”选项D“Now you have to stay up all night to get it done.”补充说明作业丢失后的后果（不得不熬夜重做），与后文关于情绪的反问形成逻辑连贯。
34．第五段提出疑问：为什么远离喧嚣、没有电话汽车甚至电的人似乎更快乐？后文介绍一个英国家庭“回到过去”的实验。选项A“Perhaps it’s because they live simpler lives.”回答了前面的疑问（也许是因为他们过着更简单的生活），并自然引出该家庭去体验1940年代生活的实验。
35．第六段中祖母Lym说话，后文提到男孩们说他们吵架变少了，因为可争的东西（如电脑）变少了，且Lym自己从时尚的、喝啤酒的祖母变成了会做饭的人。选项F.“The more things you have, the more difficult life becomes.”作为Lym的感悟，准确概括了这段经历的核心发现（拥有的东西越多，生活越困难），与后文“吵架变少”和“Lym转变”等细节相呼应。
36．development
【解析】句意：随着科技的发展，人工智能和机器人将接管枯燥的工作。句中“the”为定冠词，定冠词后必须接名词，“develop”是动词，意为“发展”，它的名词形式是“development”。“with the development of...”是英语中表达“随着……的发展”的常用固定搭配，故填development。
37．discussion
【解析】句意：我们班昨天就如何保护动物进行了一次简短的讨论。a short后需要接名词，“a short+名词”表示“一次简短的……”。括号内动词discuss需改为名词形式discussion。
38．patiently
【解析】句意：我们的老师耐心地讲解了这道题，因此我们都清楚地理解了它。空格处需要修饰前面的实义动词explained，因此要把所给的形容词patient变为副词形式patiently，意为“耐心地”，在句中作状语修饰动作。
39．responsibility
【解析】句意：爱护地球是每个人的责任。括号内responsible是形容词，It’s one’s + 名词 + to do是固定句型，此处需要名词在所有格后作表语，responsible对应的名词是responsibility，意为“责任”。故填responsibility。
40．scientific
【解析】句意：我们应该运用科学知识去保护环境。 原句中括号内“science”是提示词，修饰名词knowledge需要使用形容词形式，science的形容词是scientific。故填scientific。
41．goal
【解析】句意：我的目标是作为一名宇航员进入天宫空间站。goal“目标”，是名词，表示想要达到的目的或结果；根据系动词is可知应用单数形式goal，符合句意。
42．trades
【解析】句意：她是个爱书之人，她经常和别人交换书籍。“交换”对应的英文表达是trade。根据句中的often可知，该句时态为一般现在时，主语She是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，trade的第三人称单数是trades，故填trades。
43．badly
【解析】句意：这场灾难多么可怕啊！许多人受重伤并且失去了家园。空格位于系动词are之后、过去分词hurt之前，此处需用副词来修饰hurt，表示受伤的程度。根据汉语提示“严重地”，对应的英文副词为badly ，固定搭配be badly hurt 为常用搭配，意为“受重伤”。故可填badly。
44．preferred
【解析】句意：多年来，中国的消费者一直更喜欢使用移动支付。 根据句中的has和时间状语“for many years”可知，本句时态为现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”。“更喜欢”对应的英文单词是prefer，其过去分词形式为preferred。
45．advise
【解析】句意：我的老师们总是建议我多读书来提高我的英语。结合“me to read”以及汉语提示可知，“建议”的英文为advise，动词，构成advise sb. to do sth.固定结构，意为“建议某人做某事”，“always”表明句子时态为一般现在时，主语“My teachers”为复数，谓语动词需用动词原形。
46．has developed
【解析】原句中“已经发展”是关键词，develop表示“发展”，根据“贵安新区现在已经成为大数据中心”可知，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，即have/has+动词的过去分词，主语Guian New Area是第三人称单数，故用has，develop的过去分词是developed。
47．take action to secondary disasters
【解析】原句中“采取行动”和“次生灾害”是关键词。“采取行动”对应的英文短语是take action，“采取行动做某事”的结构为take action to do sth.，且It is one’s responsibility to do sth.（做某事是某人的责任）是固定句型，故take应用原形。中文“次生灾害”对应的英文是secondary disasters，“次生灾害”与前文的“灾害 (disasters)” 并列，所以此处应用名词复数disasters。
48．less than
【解析】原句中“不足”是关键词，表示“不足”的短语是less than，用来修饰数字。
49．fight against
【解析】原句中“与……作斗争”是关键词，表达“与……作斗争”的短语是fight against。try our best to do sth.，不定式符号to后面需要接动词原形。
50．not but make a difference
【解析】原句中“不在于……而在于”“改变……的生活”是关键词，not…but…是表示“不在于……而在于……”的固定搭配，not用于否定前半句内容，but引出后半句内容，对应句中转折含义；make a difference in是表示 “对…… 产生影响、改变” 的固定短语，to后接动词原形，对应句中“改变他人的生活”的含义。
51．hit 52．rose 53．making 54．poured 55．stuck 56．helpless 57．latest 58．homes 59．worked 60．terrible
【导语】本文记叙了去年夏天小镇遭遇洪水的经历，介绍了洪水来临前后一家人的准备、被困遭遇以及灾后众人互帮互助重建家园的过程，从灾难经历中懂得了携手对抗自然灾害的道理。
【解析】51．句意：去年夏天，一场特大洪水侵袭了我们的小镇。“flood ___ our town”表示洪水袭击某地，hit 含有“袭击、重创”含义，全文为一般过去时态，hit过去式不变，故填hit。
52．句意：我们房屋旁的河水水位涨到了很高。rise to为固定搭配，意为“上涨至……”，时态为一般过去时，rise的过去式为rose。
53．句意：我的家人忙着做防备准备。固定搭配be busy doing sth.（忙于做某事），make preparations是固定短语“做准备”，make的动名词形式为making。
54．句意：洪水来袭时，大水涌进了一楼。pour into 表示“涌入、倾泻进”，文章整体为过去时态，pour的过去式为poured。
55．句意：我们被困在房屋里两天。be stuck in为固定用法，意为“被困在……”，stick的过去分词为stuck。
56．句意：我们感到无助又惶恐。felt 是系动词，后接形容词作表语，与scared并列，填helpless，意为“无助的”。
57．句意：我们收听收音机获取最新消息。the latest news是固定搭配，含义为“最新新闻”，latest作定语修饰news，故填latest。
58．句意：很多百姓失去了自己的家园。their后接可数名词复数，home表示“家”，复数形式为homes。
59．句意：我们齐心协力清理街道、修缮房屋。work together表示“协力劳作”，通篇过去时态，work的过去式为worked。
60．句意：这是一段糟糕的人生经历。形容词terrible用来修饰名词experience，意为“糟糕的”。
61．and 62．difference 63．organised 64．to 65．me 66．a 67．to have 68．happiness 69．immediately 70．turned
【导语】本文讲述了“我”作为一名学生，积极参加志愿活动、帮助他人的经历，包括上周日组织捐赠旧衣物、看望祖父母、邀请朋友参与社区清洁等，体现了“小行动也能带来大改变”的理念。
【解析】61．句意：2025年，我加入了学校的一个志愿者团队，并且从那以后我一直是一名积极的成员。前后两个分句为顺承关系，需用连词and连接。
62．句意：我相信小行动也能带来大改变。“make a big difference”意为“产生很大影响”，此处需用名词形式difference。
63．句意：上周日，团队组织了一次有意义的活动。根据“Last Sunday”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，organise的过去式为organised。
64．句意：我们从邻居那里收集旧衣服并把它们捐赠给当地一家慈善机构。“donate sth. to sb./sth.”意为“把某物捐赠给……”，需用介词to。
65．句意：看到那些衣服送到有需要的人手中，让我内心感到温暖。此处作动词made的宾语，应用人称代词的宾格形式me。
66．句意：他们在乡下过着简朴的生活。“live a simple life”意为“过着简朴的生活”，simple以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a。
67．句意：他们很高兴有我的陪伴。“be happy to do sth.”意为“很高兴做某事”，应用动词不定式to have。
68．句意：真正的幸福不在于游戏，而在于帮助他人。此处作主语，需用名词形式happiness。
69．句意：令我惊讶的是，他们立刻同意了。此处修饰动词agreed，应用副词形式immediately。
70．句意：结果那成了有史以来最棒的周末！“turn out”意为“结果是”，根据全文时态为一般过去时，应用过去式turned。
71．A group of scientists at the University of Exeter in the UK. 72．Green. 73．Over 1,200 volunteers. 74．Because it uses brain training techniques to make people lose interest in junk food. 75．Yes. Because it can help me eat less junk food.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款名为“Food Trainer”的应用程序，包括其创建者、游戏规则、研究结果以及它为何能有效帮助人们健康饮食。
【解析】71．文章第1段提到“This free app was created by a group of scientists at the University of Exeter in the UK.”（这款免费应用是由英国埃克塞特大学的一群科学家创建的。），该应用是由埃克塞特大学的一群科学家创建的。故填A group of scientists at the University of Exeter in the UK.
72．文章第2段指出“healthy food always appears in green circles”（健康食物总是出现在绿色圆圈中），健康食物出现时圆圈是绿色的。故填Green.
73．文章第3段“They invited over 1,200 volunteers to play the game once a day.”（他们邀请了超过1200名志愿者每天玩一次游戏。），参与研究的志愿者超过1200名。故填Over 1,200 volunteers.
74．文章第4段提到“The app works so well because it uses brain training techniques to make people lose interest in junk food.”（这款应用效果很好，因为它使用大脑训练技术让人们失去对垃圾食品的兴趣。），应用有效是因为使用了大脑训练技术。故填Because it uses brain training techniques to make people lose interest in junk food.
75．本题问考生是否愿意用这款软件及其原因，为开放性试题，合理即可。根据文章可知该应用有助于健康饮食，故可回答愿意使用。故填Yes. Because it can help me eat less junk food.
76．
例文
Dear Tim,
You asked about our school’s safety activities. I’d love to share a meaningful earthquake drill with you.
We took part in the drill last Wednesday. At the first alarm, we quickly hid under desks to avoid danger. When the second alarm sounded, we walked downstairs in order and gathered on the playground soon. All classmates followed rules and behaved well. The drill teaches us practical skills to protect ourselves in earthquakes. I’m thankful for this activity, for I’ve mastered safety skills and learned to stay calm when facing sudden emergencies.
Have you ever experienced a similar drill Write to tell me about it!
Yours,
Li Hua
【写作步骤】【第一步：审题立意】
确定文体：本文是一篇书信，以一般过去时为主
明确要点：描述地震演练的基本情况 （时间、过程、同学们的表现），谈谈地震演练的好处以及分享个人感受与收获
确定人称：第一人称为主（we）
注意事项：可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。不得在作文中出现真实校名、地名、和考生的真实姓名。
【第二步：构思布局】
开头段：回应来信，引出要介绍学校地震演练。
主体段：①演练过程 + 学生表现 ②演练带来的好处
结尾段：个人收获感悟，反问对方是否参加过同类演练。
【第三步：要点展开】
要点一：演练概况
we quickly hid under desks to avoid danger/gathered on the playground/followed rules and behaved well/got under tables instantly for safety/lined up and collected on the open playground等
要点二：演练益处
protect ourselves in earthquakes/learn self-protection skills during earthquakes/master ways to guard against earthquake risks等
要点三：个人感受
thankful for this activity/stay calm when facing sudden emergencies/be grateful for the meaningful drill/remain cool in face of sudden crises等
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)

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