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/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级下册英语沪教版（五四学制）（新教材）
期末核心素养培优卷
本卷满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
There are too many inventions in the world. Money is one of the most important inventions in human history. It helps people to trade. But before money, people completed (完成) trades 1 in ancient times.
Imagine that you had a pair of shoes. If one of your friends 2 shoes, you might give him yours. Your 3 would then be in debt (负债) to you. Later, you might have no food to eat, and your friend might 4 some of his food with you.
This system 5 humans well for a long time. The key to this system is that it requires trust. I need to know the reputation (名声) of the person 6 lending something to him. I need to 7 him to pay me back. If not, we can’t trade.
As the need for trading grew, the old system of exchange (交换) 8 . And then the need for 9 developed.
Suppose you lived in Rome in the first century and needed 10 to help you. The person didn’t know you. He couldn’t trust you to pay your debts, 11 he didn’t need to trust you. You paid in gold and silver coins. You could 12 them with strangers for whatever you wanted.
Nowadays, the monetary system once again 13 credits (信贷) and debts. But the lenders and the 14 can know everyone’s reputation. They know our credit history. They also know our spending habits. They know us well enough to 15 us money, even if they don’t actually know us.
1．A．quickly B．finely C．differently D．certainly
2．A．sold B．needed C．borrowed D．made
3．A．friend B．teacher C．parent D．child
4．A．bring B．give C．provide D．share
5．A．lived B．worked C．served D．knew
6．A．after B．when C．until D．before
7．A．trust B．call C．shout D．write
8．A．stopped B．failed C．canceled D．succeeded
9．A．food B．water C．clothes D．money
10．A．anyone B．everyone C．someone D．nobody
11．A．but B．and C．as D．so
12．A．trust B．insist C．believe D．trade
13．A．works on B．depends on C．puts on D．feeds on
14．A．banks B．hotel C．cinema D．zoo
15．A．buy B．keep C．lend D．give
二、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读以下三篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。
A
Host: As we know, many children will get some lucky money during the Spring Festival. Should parents keep their children’s lucky money Or should the children keep their own lucky money Different children hold different opinions.
Group A: Lucky money should be kept by parents. Here are the reasons. First, children have less experience with money than their parents. They may spend it carelessly. Second, it’s difficult for young children to manage their money wisely. If they have too much lucky money, they may get into trouble, such as spending it on online games or falling into the habit of wasting money. Also, some bad people online may try to cheat them. Therefore, if parents help to manage the money, it can be put to better use. Group B: Children should keep their lucky money. I think children aged 9 or above should have the chance to manage their own lucky money. With their parents’ help, they can learn money management (管理) and become more independent. What’s more, money management is an important life skill. Children need to learn how to save and spend money wisely. It’s a good way for them to form sound financial (金融的) habits.
16．What’s the discussion mainly about
A．Where to keep the lucky money. B．Who should keep the lucky money.
C．How to use lucky money. D．When to spend lucky money.
17．Children have ________ experience with money than their parents according to Group A．
A．the same B．more C．less D．better
18．Money management is an important ________ according to Group B．
A．life skill B．game C．hobby D．subject
19．In Group B, the underlined word “independent” probably means ________.
A．独立的 B．快速的 C．缓慢的 D．草率的
20．What can we learn from the passage
A．All the children should keep lucky money by themselves.
B．Parents don’t care about children’s money.
C．Only students under 9 can learn money management.
D．Group A and Group B have different ideas about lucky money.
B
①In China, safety education is becoming more and more important now. The last Monday in March is for students to learn it at school. It helps students learn more about what they should do to keep themselves safe. What are the accidents at school Take a look.
②A stampede always happens in crowded places. When students around you begin to push, just stand there and try to hold onto something. If you fall down in the crowd, move to one side and protect your head with your arms.
③When earthquakes happen, you can get under a desk quickly and hold on. It’ll protect you from falling things. If you are outdoors, find a place away from buildings, trees, and power lines.
④When there’s a fire, leave the classroom quickly. It’s better to put something wet over your mouth and nose. In this way, you won’t breathe in smoke. Many people die in a fire, not because of the fire but the smoke. It makes them cough and they can’t breathe. That’s very dangerous! So when you want to get out, you should make yourself close to the floor. Then you can breathe some fresh air.
⑤Stampedes, earthquakes and fires are the main accidents at school. Next time something terrible happens, we are sure you can protect yourself successfully if you follow the ways mentioned above.
21．What are the main accidents at school mentioned in the passage
A．Stampedes, earthquakes and floods. B．Earthquakes, fires and snowstorms.
C．Stampedes, earthquakes and fires. D．Fires, car accidents and stampedes.
22．What does the underlined word “stampede” mean
A．火灾 B．踩踏 C．地震 D．烟雾
23．What should you do if you fall down in a stampede
A．Make yourself close to the floor.
B．Move to one side and protect your head with your arms.
C．Put something wet over your mouth and nose.
D．Push the people around you.
24．Which of the following sentences is NOT right about the fire accident
A．When there’s a fire, leave the classroom quickly.
B．Many people die in a fire because of the smoke.
C．Stand straight and run quickly out of the classroom.
D．Cover your mouth and nose with something wet.
25．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage (①=Paragraph 1…)
A． B． C． D．
C
Zhao Yishen, the 40-year-old artist, is carving a woodblock (雕刻木板) carefully, with a chisel in his right hand. To carve the woodblocks, he has to hold this position for six hours. He has been carving woodblocks since 2012. “It feels good and looks beautiful when a Chinese character slowly appears on the woodblock under your chisel,” says Zhao.
Zhao is now the only full-time carver working at a workshop that creates woodblock-printed books in Beijing. As a teenager, he loved to read ancient Chinese books in the library, and the curiosity of how the books were made led him to get a job at an ancient books woodblock printing studio in Yangzhou in 2011 after graduating as a law major from university.
Block printing was listed as a UNESCO World Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2009. Zhao started to learn the skill from Chen Yishi, one of the skill’s masters, in 2012.
“The first step is to learn how to sharpen your chisel,” says Zhao. “After using it for a while, you need to sharpen it again.” After that, the woodblock must be put at a certain angle that is deep enough to show up the characters and also to make sure the cuts are deep enough—but not too deep. Then Zhao puts the paper, face down, onto the wood after brushing oil on the paper. This helps to transfer the characters onto the block. Once the carving is finished, the woodblock is brushed with ink and paper pressed onto it. It is ready to print.
In Zhao’s mind, the inked woodblock is a work of art. After a year of learning from Chen, Zhao found a job at Zhuyu Shanfang in 2013. His carved woodblocks have been used for several books over the past six years. “I just learned the basic skills, but to master it, I still need years of practice,” says Zhao. “A good craftsman can carve an entire book with every single character aligned in order.”
26．How long has Zhao Yishen carved woodblocks
A．For 12 years. B．For 13 years.
C．For 14 years. D．For 17 years.
27．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refers to ________.
A．woodblock B．character C．chisel D．ink
28．Which is NOT the key to his success
A．Patience. B．The knowledge of law.
C．Hard work. D．Years of practice.
29．In what order did the following events take place
a. Zhao found a job at Zhuyu Shanfang.
b. Zhao graduated as a law major from university.
c. Zhao’s carved woodblocks have been used for several books.
d. Zhao began to love reading ancient Chinese books in the library.
e. Zhao learned block printing from Chen Yishi, one of the technique’s masters.
A．b-e-a-d-c B．b-e-d-a-c
C．d-b-e-a-c D．d-b-a-e-c
30．What is the passage mainly about
A．Works of Zhao Yishen. B．History of woodblocks.
C．Zhao Yishen and his job. D．A traditional skill-Woodblock.
第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读短文，从文后所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有两项多余）
When a natural disaster happens, knowing what to do can save your life. Here are some important safety tips for different situations.
During an earthquake: If you are indoors, remember to drop, cover, and hold on. Get under a strong table or desk. 31 If you are outdoors, move to an open area away from buildings, trees, and power lines.
During a flood: Move to higher ground immediately. 32 If you are in a car and water starts to rise, get out and move to higher ground. Never try to walk or drive through floodwater—it might be deeper or faster than it looks.
During a typhoon: Stay inside and keep away from windows. 33 If the wind becomes very strong, move to a small room without windows, like a bathroom. Listen to the radio for news and instructions.
During a lightning storm: Avoid open fields and hilltops. 34 If you are in a forest, stay near lower trees. If you are with a group, spread out to reduce the risk of multiple injuries.
After a disaster: Be careful of dangers like fallen power lines or broken glass. 35 Help others if you can, but don’t put yourself in danger. Wait for instructions from officials before returning home.
A．Do not stay in a car during a flood.
B．Always play outside during a storm.
C．Stay away from water, trees, and metal objects.
D．Close all windows and doors to protect your home.
E．Check yourself and others for injuries.
F．Protect your head and neck with your arms.
G．Go to the beach to watch the storm.
词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
36．Many blind people don’t have money for any ________ (medicine) treatment.
37．Our school offers students a _________ (complete) free chance to read this novel.
38．________ (volunteer) to help others can bring you a lot of happiness.
39．After years of hard work, Tu Youyou finally made a great ________ (discover).
40．The naughty boy completed the task ________ (patient) and this made other classmates unhappy.
41．The weather on Mount Qomolangma is ________ (多变的), and it can change in a very short time.
42．He chose to be a singer and his parents ________ (完全地) supported him.
43．I don’t know ________ (是否) my uncle will come to my birthday party tomorrow or not.
44．Time is your most valuable resource, ________ (尤其) in exams.
45．Jo is a ________(先驱)in green life. She always tries her best to protect the environment.
完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
46．你应该设身处地为她着想，理解她的感受。
You should ________ ________ in her shoes and understand her feelings.
47．Jack的闹钟今早没响，所以他跑着去公交站。
Jack’s alarm clock didn’t _______________ this morning, so he ran to the bus station.
48．他是如此聪明的一个男孩以至于他算出了那道题。
He is ________ a clever boy ________ he worked out the problem.
49．李明把每个月从父母那里得到的零花钱都存了起来。他想买一把新的吉他。
Li Ming saves the _______ ________ he gets from his parents every month. He wants to buy a new guitar.
50．所有队伍都十分出色，尤其是一支来自中国的队伍。
All the teams were excellent, ________ a team from China.
五、短文选词填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
disaster their high on lucky safe during but if die
At 10:01 on January 2, 2025, an earthquake with a magnitude (震级) of 4.8 happened in Yongning County, Yinchuan City, Ningxia. The earthquake was felt strongly.
This earthquake happened in the central and southern part of the Yinchuan Basin (盆地). 51 the evening of that day, it was reported online that some people of Yinchuan parked their cars in large parking lots such as parks and stadiums and chose to spend the night in their cars. They dared not go home especially those living on 52 floors. Some people even drove 53 cars to some places to avoid the earthquake. As soon as the earthquake happened, the local government quickly took action. They sent office workers to the area to check and offer help. 54 , by 9 p.m. on January 2, nobody was 55 , and there were even no reports of people being hurt or houses falling down.
Earthquakes can be scary, 56 there is something that we can do to stay safe. If you are indoors 57 an earthquake, hide under a strong table or bed, or stand next to a wall. Cover your head and neck with your hands. 58 you are outside, stay away from tall buildings and power lines.
In the face of natural 59 like earthquakes, we should stay calm and help each other. I hope everyone can learn more about earthquake 60 to be ready for any future earthquakes.
六、短文语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填写一个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
Lian Po and Lin Xiangru were two important people in the State of Zhao. Lian was a brave general (将军), and Lin was 61 excellent advisor. Lian was famous for 62 (win) battles (战役). Everyone admired him for his bravery. Lin, on the other hand, was clever and knew how 63 (use) words to solve problems. And then he became a trusted advisor.
But there was a problem. Lian felt worried after Lin got a 64 (high) position than him. He thought he should get greater honor because of his achievements in the war, while Lin achieved 65 (succeed) just through his skills in speaking and debating (辩论). Sometimes, Lian even spoke ill of (诋毁) Lin behind his back.
Lin didn’t want to argue or fight, so he stayed away from meeting Lian. It seemed that Lin was 66 (scary) of him. When asked, Lin explained that he didn’t want to fight with Lian because it would harm their country.
When Lian Po heard this, he suffered 67 a sense of shame. He knew he was wrong. Right away, he made a 68 (decide). He took off his clothes, put thorns (荆条) on his back, and went to Lin Xiangru’s home to apologize. Lin Xiangru quickly 69 (forgive) him. After that, they became good friends and pulled together to help the king run the country.
Lian and Lin showed us that even 70 we have differences, we can still put aside our pride and achieve great things.
七、读写结合（共两节，满分25分）
第一节 任务型阅读（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。
The history of books is very interesting. In ancient times, there were no books, and people passed on their knowledge by telling stories. Later, people learned how to write and make paper. With paper, people began to write down their stories. They wrote each word by hand. It took a long time to write just one book!
Then, the printing press (印刷机) appeared and changed the world. With modern technology, it was possible to print books quickly. It was also possible for common people to read books.
Recently, computers and the internet changed the world again. A new kind of book appeared: the electronic book (e-book). E-books are quickly changing people’s reading habits. It is easier for people to buy and sell books online. Information travels faster and farther.
Nowadays, people have many ways to read books. No matter what you have, a computer, a tablet, a laptop, an e-reader or a real book, keep on reading!
71．How did people pass on their knowledge without books in ancient times
72．Why did it take a long time to write just one book in ancient times
73．What made it possible to print books quickly
74．What kind of books are quickly changing people’s reading habits
75．Which invention do you think is more important—the printing press or the internet And why
第二节 书面表达（共1题，满分15分）
76．近期你所在的地区频繁出现强暴雨天气。假设你是学校学生会安全部部长李军，请你用英语写一则通知，告知同学们上学、放学途中如何自我保护，提醒大家安全出行。
写作提示：
写作要求：
1. 文中需包含写作提示的所有信息，可适当发挥；
2. 文中不得出现真实的姓名、校名和地名；
3. 词数：80—100词，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Attention, please! Heavy storms hit our areas quite often. To keep safe on the way to and from school, here are some tips.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Cherish life and pay more attention to safety. Let’s do it together.
Safety Department
April 28th, 2026
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．B 14．A 15．C
【导语】本文介绍了货币发明前后的交易方式演变。从古代基于信任的物物交换，到金银货币的出现，再到现代金融体系依赖信贷和信用记录进行交易。
【解析】1．句意：但在货币出现之前，古时候人们以不同的方式完成交易。
空处修饰动词completed，结合无钱币和有钱币交易形式不同，应用differently“不同地”。quickly“快速地”、finely“精致地”、certainly“当然”词义和语境不符。
2．句意：假如你有一双鞋，如果你的一位朋友需要鞋子，你或许会把你的鞋子给他。
根据后文赠鞋的逻辑，朋友缺少鞋子才会索要，应用needed“需要”。sold“售卖“、borrowed“借入”、made“制作”语义不通。
3．句意：之后你的朋友就欠了你人情。
前文出现friends，对应人物为friend“朋友”。teacher“老师”、parent“父母”、child“孩子”上下文无相关提示。
4．句意：后来你没食物吃，你的朋友就会和你分享一部分食物。
固定搭配share sth.with sb.“和某人分享某物”，应用share。bring、give不能和介词with构成该搭配；provide不符合语境。
5．句意：这套交易体系在很长一段时间里很好地服务了人类。
主语this system指代以物易物制度，搭配served humans表示“服务人类”。应用served。lived“居住”、worked“起效”不接人、knew“了解”用法错误。
6．句意：在把东西借出去之前，我需要了解对方的人品。
先核查信誉再出借物品，时间逻辑选用before“在之前”。after“在之后”、when“当……时”、until“直到”时序颠倒。
7．句意：我需要信任他会归还我的东西。
上文点明该交换制度核心是trust“信任”，全文围绕信任交易，应用trust。call“呼叫”、shout“喊叫”、write“书写”语义不符。
8．句意：随着贸易需求变大，旧式实物交换体系行不通了。
贸易扩张后以物换物模式失效，应用failed“失败”。stopped“骤然停下”、canceled“人为取消”、succeeded“成功”逻辑相悖。
9．句意：于是人们对货币的需求随之产生。
旧交换制度失灵，引出货币诞生，全文主线围绕money“金钱”。其他选项偏离文章主题。
10．句意：假设公元1世纪住在罗马，你需要某人帮你。
肯定陈述句里指代某个人用someone“某人”。anyone多用于疑问、否定句；everyone“所有人”、nobody“无人”语义错误。
11．句意：他不能信任你会偿还债务，并且他也不需要信任你。
由“He couldn’t trust you to pay your debts…he didn’t need to trust you.”可知，前后是并列关系，用and连接。but“但是”表转折、as“因为”表原因、so“所以”表结果，均不符合并列语义。
12．句意：你能用金银钱币和陌生人交换任何想要的东西。
固定搭配trade sth.with sb.“和某人交易物品”，贴合钱币购物场景，应用trade。trust、insist、believe无“交易”含义。
13．句意：如今金融系统再次依托信贷和欠款运转。
现代金融依靠信贷运作，depends on表示“依靠、依托”。应用depends on。works on“从事”、puts on“穿上”、feeds on“以……为食”不符合句意。
14．句意：放贷机构和银行能够查询每个人的征信。
办理借贷、查询征信的机构是banks。其他选项无金融业务属性。
15．句意：即便互不相识，他们充分了解征信后愿意出借资金给我们。
固定搭配lend sb.money“借钱给某人”，符合银行放贷语境。应用lend。buy“购买”、keep“保存”、give“无偿赠送”不符合金融借贷规则。
16．B 17．C 18．A 19．A 20．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，围绕春节期间孩子收到的压岁钱该由谁保管展开讨论。A组认为应由父母保管，并阐述了相关原因；B组则认为孩子应该自己保管压岁钱，并说明了这样做的益处。
【解析】16．文章开篇就提出“Should parents keep their children’s lucky money Or should the children keep their own lucky money ”的问题，接着A组和B组分别阐述了各自的观点。所以这场讨论的核心是谁来保管压岁钱。
17．根据A组的观点“First, children have less experience with money than their parents.”可知，孩子们比父母拥有更少的金钱使用经验。
18．根据B组的观点“What’s more, money management is an important life skill.”可知，金钱管理是一项重要的生活技能。
19．根据上下文，B组认为孩子自己保管压岁钱，在父母的帮助下学习金钱管理，可以变得更“independent”。结合语境，孩子学习管理自己的钱，是为了变得更独立，所以“independent”的意思是“独立的”。
20．通读全文可知，A组认为压岁钱应由父母保管，而B组认为孩子应自己保管，两组观点明显不同。A 选项“所有孩子都应该自己保管压岁钱”，过于绝对，不符合文意；B选项“父母不关心孩子的钱”，与A组观点相悖；C选项 “只有 9 岁以下的学生能学习金钱管理”，文中提到 “children aged 9 or above should have the chance to manage their own lucky money”，并非说9岁以下不能学，表述错误； D选项“A组和B组对压岁钱有不同的看法”，符合文章内容。
21．C 22．B 23．B 24．C 25．C
【导语】本文介绍了校园中常见的踩踏、地震和火灾事故以及相应的自我保护方法。
【解析】21．根据第五段“Stampedes, earthquakes and fires are the main accidents at school.”可知，学校主要的事故有踩踏、地震和火灾。
22．根据第二段“A stampede always happens in crowded places. When students around you begin to push...”可知，踩踏事故通常发生在人群拥挤且互相推挤的时候，因此stampede意为“踩踏”。
23．根据第二段“If you fall down in the crowd, move to one side and protect your head with your arms.”可知，如果在踩踏中摔倒，应移动到一边并用手臂保护头部。
24．根据第四段“So when you want to get out, you should make yourself close to the floor.”可知，发生火灾时应尽量贴近地面前进，而不是站直身体快速往外跑，因此C项表述错误。
25．第一段总述校园安全教育的重要性并引出学校常见事故；第二、三、四段分别介绍踩踏、地震和火灾的应对方法；第五段总结全文。因此文章结构为“总—分—总”，即①→②③④→⑤。
26．C 27．A 28．B 29．C 30．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了木雕版印刷艺人赵亦深的职业经历、学习过程以及他对这项传统技艺的热爱和坚持。
【解析】26．第一段提到“He has been carving woodblocks since 2012.”，他从2012年开始雕刻木板。结合系统当前实际时间2026年计算，2026减去2012等于14年。
27．第四段画线词“it”所在句“Once the carving is finished, the woodblock is brushed with ink and paper pressed onto it.”，雕刻完成后，给木板刷墨，然后将纸压在“它”上面进行印刷。根据上下文逻辑，纸是压在木板上的，因此“it”指代前文的“woodblock”。
28．根据文章可知，他成功的关键包括雕刻时的耐心（hold this position for six hours）、勤奋工作（carving...carefully）以及多年的练习（need years of practice）。而“The knowledge of law”（法律知识）仅是他的大学专业背景，文中未提及这是雕刻成功的关键。
29．根据文章时间线索梳理：d.青少年时期喜欢在图书馆读书（As a teenager）；b.2011年大学毕业（graduating...in 2011）；e.2012年师从陈义时学习技艺（in 2012）；a.2013年在珠玉山坊找到工作（in 2013）；c.过去几年作品被用于书籍（over the past six years）。正确顺序为d-b-e-a-c。
30．文章主要围绕赵亦深这位木板雕刻艺术家展开，介绍了他的背景、学习经历、工作流程及感悟。选项C“赵亦深和他的工作”最能准确概括全文主旨。
31．F 32．A 33．D 34．C 35．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地震、洪水、台风、雷暴及灾后的重要安全应对建议，旨在指导人们在自然灾害中保护自身安全。
【解析】31．地震部分第一句“During an earthquake: If you are indoors, remember to drop, cover, and hold on. Get under a strong table or desk.”，地震室内避险的“护头护颈”动作与选项F“Protect your head and neck with your arms.”完全匹配，承接上文动作说明。
32．洪水部分第二句“If you are in a car and water starts to rise, get out and move to higher ground.”，选项A“Do not stay in a car during a flood.”直接对应“洪水时车内进水要立即下车”的要求，是对下文规则的提前概括。
33．台风部分第一句“During a typhoon: Stay inside and keep away from windows.”，选项D“Close all windows and doors to protect your home.”是台风避险的典型措施，与“远离窗户”的要求逻辑连贯，承接上文并引出后续避风房间的建议。
34．雷暴部分第一句“During a lightning storm: Avoid open fields and hilltops.”，选项C“Stay away from water, trees, and metal objects.”是雷暴避险的核心规则，与“避开开阔地” 共同构成防雷要点，逻辑一致。
35．灾后部分第一句“After a disaster: Be careful of dangers like fallen power lines or broken glass.”，选项E“Check yourself and others for injuries.”是灾后首要行动，与“注意安全隐患”共同构成灾后应对步骤，衔接下文“帮助他人”的建议。
36．medical
【解析】句意：许多盲人没有钱进行任何医学治疗。根据题干和语境可知，此处需要一个形容词来修饰名词treatment，表示“医学的”治疗。medicine是名词，意为“药；医学”，其形容词形式是medical，意为“医学的；医疗的”。故填medical。
37．completely
【解析】句意：我们学校为学生提供了一个完全免费阅读这本小说的机会。空格需要修饰后面的形容词free，只有副词可以修饰形容词，因此要把形容词complete变为副词形式completely，意为“完全地”。
38．Volunteering
【解析】句意：自愿帮助他人能给你带来很多快乐。volunteer“自愿做”，动词，作主语，需使用动名词volunteering，位于句首，首字母大写。
39．discovery
【解析】句意：经过多年的努力，屠呦呦终于取得了一项重大发现。句中“a great”后需要接名词，动词discover的名词形式是discovery，意为“发现”，且前面有不定冠词a，填discovery。
40．impatiently
【解析】句意：这个调皮的男孩不耐烦地完成了任务，这让其他同学很不高兴。动词completed需要副词来修饰，结合后文“让同学不高兴”的语境，此处应表达“不耐烦地”，括号内的patient是形容词，需先变为否定含义的形容词impatient，再加上-ly构成副词impatiently。故填impatiently。
41．changeable
【解析】句意：珠穆朗玛峰上的天气多变，短时间内就可能发生变化。空格处在系动词is后，需要填写形容词作表语，“多变的”对应的英文单词是changeable。
42．completely/fully
【解析】句意：他选择成为一名歌手，而他的父母完全支持他。空格需要修饰动词supported，副词才能修饰动词，因此要填“完全地”对应的副词。fully和completely都是表示“完全地”的副词，都可以修饰supported。
43．whether
【解析】句意：我不知道我叔叔明天是否会来参加我的生日派对。根据汉语提示，是否为whether或if。因题干部分句末有or not，不能与if连用，只能用whether，构成whether...or not，意为“是否”。
44．especially
【解析】句意：时间是你最宝贵的资源，尤其是在考试中。根据中文提示“尤其”以及空格位置在逗号之后、介词短语之前，应填入副词especially表示“特别是”。故填especially。
45．pioneer
【解析】句意：Jo是绿色生活的先驱，她总是尽最大努力保护环境。“先驱”在英语中对应单词pioneer，是可数名词。句中出现不定冠词a，说明后面需要接单数名词，因此填pioneer。
46．put yourself
【解析】原句中“设身处地为某人着想”是关键词，对应的英语习语是put oneself in someone’s shoes。句中含有情态动词should，其后应接动词原形，因此第一空填put。主语是You，反身代词需与主语保持一致，应用yourself，因此第二空填yourself。
47．go off
【解析】原句中“（闹钟）响”是关键词，表示闹钟“响铃”或“响起”的常用短语是go off，空格前出现了助动词的否定形式didn’t，此处接动词原形。
48．such that
【解析】原句中“如此”和“以至于”是关键词，“a clever boy”是“a+形容词+单数可数名词”结构，因此此处为固定用法such a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。 第一空填 such；第二空用that引导结果状语从句。
49．pocket money
【解析】原句中“零花钱”是关键词，表示“零花钱”的名词短语是pocket money。
50．especially
【解析】中文句子中关键词是“尤其是”，表示在整体出色基础上的进一步强调。英语中表达“尤其是”、“特别”常用副词 especially。整句话结构为“主句 + 逗号 + 副词 + 名词短语”，用于强调后者，符合语法规则且语义通顺。故填especially。
51．On 52．high 53．their 54．Luckily 55．dead 56．but 57．during 58．If 59．disasters 60．safety
【导语】本文介绍了2025年宁夏银川永宁4.8级地震发生后民众避险、当地及时救援且无人员伤亡的情况，同时介绍了室内外遭遇地震的避险方法，呼吁大家学习防震安全知识。
【解析】51．句意：在当天晚上，网上有消息称一些银川市民把车辆停在公园、体育场等大型停车场，选择在车里过夜。此处需要一个介词作时间状语前置修饰evening。后文the evening of that day是特指2025年1月2日的晚上，因此填On（首字母大写）。
52．句意：他们不敢回家，尤其是住在高层楼层的人们。此处需要一个形容词作定语，修饰名词floors。结合常识，地震时住在高楼层的人更不安全、不敢居家，方框内high（高的）修饰floors构成high floors（高层），符合语境。
53．句意：一些人甚至开着他们的车去往别处躲避地震。此处需要一个形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词cars。主语是Some people（一些人），对应形容词性物主代词their（他们的）。
54．句意：幸运的是，截至1月2日晚上9点，无人员遇难，也没有人员受伤、房屋倒塌的相关报道。此处需要一个副词作评注性状语，修饰后面整个句子。后文没有伤亡是好事，lucky是形容词，副词形式luckily放在句首修饰整句，首字母大写。
55．句意：幸运的是，截至1月2日晚上9点，无人员遇难，也没有人员受伤、房屋倒塌的相关报道。此处需要一个形容词在be动词后作表语。固定搭配be dead（遇难、死亡），选用die的形容词形式dead。
56．句意：地震很可怕，但是我们可以采取一些方法保证自身安全。此处需要一个连词，连接前后两个分句，表转折逻辑。前半句地震吓人，后半句有避险办法，存在转折关系，选用转折连词but。
57．句意：如果地震发生时你在室内，躲在坚固的桌子或床下，或是靠墙站立。此处需要一个介词，后接名词an earthquake构成介词短语作时间状语。选用during构成during+名词表示“在……期间”，during an earthquake即在地震发生期间。
58．句意：如果你在室外，远离高楼和电线。此处需要一个连词引导条件状语从句。和上一句If you are indoors形成并列的条件假设，选用if表示“如果”，句首首字母大写。
59．句意：面对地震这类自然灾害，我们应该保持冷静、互帮互助。此处需要一个名词，被natural修饰作介词of的宾语。natural disaster是固定搭配：自然灾害；后文like earthquakes说明不止一种灾害，用disaster的复数形式disasters。
60．句意：我希望每个人多学习地震安全知识，为未来可能发生的地震做好准备。此处需要一个名词作介词about的宾语。earthquake safety为固定表达：地震安全；选用safe的名词形式safety（安全）。
61．an 62．winning 63．to use 64．higher 65．success 66．scared 67．from 68．decision 69．forgave 70．if/though
【导语】本文讲述了战国时期赵国名将廉颇与贤臣蔺相如“负荆请罪”的故事，展现了两人从不和到和解、共同辅佐国家的过程，传递了顾全大局、知错能改的精神。
【解析】61．句意：廉颇是一位勇敢的将军，而蔺相如是一位出色的谋士。“excellent”以元音音素开头，“advisor”是可数名词单数，所以用不定冠词“an”。
62．句意：廉颇因赢得战役而闻名。“be famous for doing sth.”是固定搭配，表示“因做某事而闻名”，所以“win”变为动名词“winning”。
63．句意：另一方面，蔺相如很聪明，知道如何用言语解决问题。“how to do sth.”是“疑问词 + 不定式”结构，作“knew”的宾语，所以用“to use”。
64．句意：但有一个问题，在蔺相如得到比他更高的职位后，廉颇感到担忧。“than”是比较级的标志，“high”的比较级是“higher”。
65．句意：他认为自己在战争中的成就应该得到更大的荣誉，而蔺相如只是通过口才和辩论取得了成功。“achieved”后接名词作宾语，“succeed”的名词形式是“success”。
66．句意：蔺相如不想争吵或争斗，所以他避开与廉颇见面，看起来他很害怕廉颇。“be scared of”是固定搭配，表示“害怕……”，所以“scary”变为“scared”。
67．句意：当廉颇听说这件事后，他感到一阵羞愧。“suffer from”是固定短语，表示“遭受、经历”。
68．句意：他知道自己错了，立刻做出了一个决定。“make a decision”是固定短语，表示“做决定”，“decide”的名词形式是“decision”。
69．句意：蔺相如很快原谅了他。句子描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，“forgive”的过去式是“forgave”。
70．句意：廉颇和蔺相如告诉我们，即使我们有分歧，我们仍然可以放下骄傲，成就伟大的事业。“even if/though”是固定搭配，表示“即使”，引导让步状语从句。
71．By telling stories. 72．Because people wrote each word by hand. 73．The printing press. 74．Electronic books/E-books. 75．The Internet. Because it makes information travel faster and farther and makes it easier for people to buy and sell books online.（言之有理即可）
【导语】本文主要讲述了书籍的发展历程，从古代口口相传到印刷术出现，再到如今电子书普及，最后呼吁人们坚持阅读。
【解析】71．文章第一段“In ancient times, there were no books, and people passed on their knowledge by telling stories.”直接说明了古代没有书籍时人们传递知识的方式，因此答案是原文直接信息。
72．文章第一段“They wrote each word by hand. It took a long time to write just one book!”明确指出古代写一本书耗时很久的原因，这是原文中的具体信息，直接提取。
73．文章第二段“Then, the printing press (印刷机) appeared and changed the world. With modern technology, it was possible to print books quickly.”直接说明了让快速印刷书籍成为可能的发明，因此答案是原文直接信息。
74．文章第三段“A new kind of book appeared: the electronic book (e-book). E-books are quickly changing people’s reading habits.”直接指出正在快速改变人们阅读习惯的书籍类型，答案几乎是原文引述。
75．本题为开放性试题，言之有理即可。
76．例文
Attention, please! Heavy storms hit our areas quite often. To keep safe on the way to and from school, here are some tips.
First of all, you’d better wear a raincoat and non-slip shoes, or take an umbrella with you before going out. Secondly, it is highly necessary to stay away from deep water because you never know how dangerous it is. Thirdly, please remember not to hide under big trees, billboards and power lines when it rains heavily, which may cause danger. Finally, you should walk slowly and cross the street only when the traffic light turns green. If possible, you can ask your parents to pick you up.
Cherish life and pay more attention to safety. Let’s do it together.
Safety Department
April 28th, 2026
【解析】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
明确文体：应用文（通知），以一般现在时为主
明确要点：针对区域频发暴雨天气，发布上下学出行安全须知，罗列多项避险出行规范，呼吁重视生命安全
确定人称：第二人称
注意事项：要点齐全无缺失，语句简洁正式，条理分明，警示劝导语气恰当
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构
开头段：播报通知，点明当地暴雨天气多发，引出上下学出行安全相关提示
主体段：依次给出出行防护装备、远离积水、避开危险遮挡物、遵守交通通行规则，必要时由家长接送等安全建议
结尾段：呼吁大家珍爱生命、留意安全，共同遵守安全准则
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：发文背景引出提示：heavy storms hit areas/keep safe on the way to and from school/ensure safety during school trips
要点二：逐条讲解安全准则：wear raincoat and non-slip shoes/stay away from deep water/hide under big trees/walk slowly/traffic light/pick up/keep clear of accumulated water/shelter under tall trees/walk gently/traffic signal/accompany home
要点三：收尾倡议安全出行：cherish life/pay attention to safety/act together/focus on personal safety/abide safety rules jointly
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