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广州新沪教版八年级下册 Unit 7 Space exploration 单元练习
满分：110分 | 考试时间：100分钟
一、语法选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从A、B、C、D四项中选出最佳选项。
Yang Liwei is the first Chinese astronaut 1 went into space. His historic space journey took place on October 15, 2003. At that time, all Chinese people 2 excitedly in front of TVs, waiting for good news.
Before the launch, Yang Liwei 3 strict training for many years. He learned all skills needed for space missions, such as controlling the spacecraft and dealing with sudden problems. When the Shenzhou V spacecraft lifted off, the whole country held its breath. The rocket flew higher and higher, and finally it 4 the Earth’s atmosphere.
In space, Yang Liwei could see our blue and beautiful Earth clearly. He also watched the bright stars that looked much 5 than those on the ground. He did several scientific experiments 6 his mission. He recorded everything he saw in space 7 shared his feelings with people on Earth.
Many people wonder 8 space travel is easy. In fact, it is full of difficulties. There is no gravity in space, so astronauts can not walk 9 stand normally. They have to float in the spacecraft. Besides, they must wear special suits 10 protect themselves from the dangerous space environment.
After a 21-hour space flight, Yang Liwei returned to Earth safely. His successful flight made China 11 third country in the world that can send humans into space. It greatly encouraged all Chinese people 12 explore space.
Today, more young people dream of 13 astronauts. Yang Liwei’s story tells us that no dream is impossible. As long as we keep 14 and never give up, we can finally achieve 15 goals.
1. A. who B. which C. what D. whose
2. A. cheer B. cheered C. were cheering D. will cheer
3. A. receives B. received C. has received D. had received
4. A. leave B. left C. leaves D. was leaving
5. A. bright B. brighter C. brightest D. the brightest
6. A. during B. between C. among D. across
7. A. or B. but C. and D. so
8. A. that B. if C. what D. how
9. A. and B. but C. nor D. or
10. A. to B. for C. of D. with
11. A. a B. an C. the D. /
12. A. in B. on C. to D. at
13. A. become B. becoming C. became D. to become
14. A. practise B. practising C. to practise D. practised
15. A. our B. we C. us D. ours
二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，掌握大意，从A、B、C、D四项中选出最佳选项。
On July 20, 1969, human beings made a great breakthrough in space exploration. For the first time in history, humans 16 successfully landed on the Moon. This amazing mission was carried out by the US Apollo 11 spacecraft.
Three experienced astronauts took on this historic task. After four days of flying in space, the spacecraft 17 reached the Moon’s orbit. Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin left the main spacecraft and moved to the lunar module. They slowly descended towards the Moon’s surface 18 Michael Collins stayed in orbit to wait for them.
At 10:56 pm, Neil Armstrong stepped onto the Moon. He became the first human to walk on the lunar surface. He said a famous sentence: “That’s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.” The two astronauts 19 about two and a half hours on the Moon. They took photos, collected moon rocks and did simple scientific 20 .
The Moon is completely different from Earth. There is no air, no water and no life on it. The surface is 21 with countless craters. The sky above the Moon is always black, even in the daytime. Without air protection, the temperature changes are extremely 22 .
After finishing all tasks, the lunar module lifted off from the Moon and 23 the main spacecraft again. The three astronauts started their journey back to Earth. Several days later, they landed safely in the Pacific Ocean.
This historic mission opened a new chapter of human space exploration. It proved that humans have the ability to 24 far away from our home planet. It also encouraged scientists around the world to keep exploring the unknown 25 of space.
16. A. ever B. never C. just D. still
17. A. finally B. firstly C. easily D. luckily
18. A. after B. while C. before D. since
19. A. took B. spent C. cost D. paid
20. A. mistakes B. problems C. experiments D. questions
21. A. covered B. filled C. crowded D. mixed
22. A. gentle B. terrible C. small D. slow
23. A. joined B. connected C. returned D. reached
24. A. travel B. work C. study D. live
25. A. secrets B. ways C. plans D. rules
三、阅读理解（共20小题；满分35分）
第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读短文，从A、B、C、D四项中选出最佳选项。
(A)
Yuri Gagarin was the first person in the world to travel into outer space. He was a brave Soviet astronaut and his journey changed the history of human space exploration forever.
Born in 1934, Gagarin grew up in a common family. He was hard-working and interested in flying from a young age. After finishing school, he studied flying technology and became an excellent pilot. In 1960, he was chosen to be a member of the astronaut team because of his great skills and strong mind.
On April 12, 1961, Gagarin boarded the Vostok 1 spacecraft. At 9:07 am, the rocket successfully launched. At that moment, people all over the world were watching this historic flight. During his 108-minute space trip, Gagarin circled the Earth once. He saw the round Earth floating in the dark space and was shocked by its beauty.
He later described his feelings in space. He said the Earth was so blue and bright that it looked like a beautiful diamond. He could clearly see the white clouds and vast oceans. However, he also realized how small human beings were compared with the huge universe.
Gagarin’s successful space flight shocked the whole world. Before that, no one knew what space really looked like. His journey proved that humans could live and work in space. It greatly pushed forward the development of global space technology.
Unluckily, this great astronaut died in a flying accident in 1968. Though he left the world early, his contribution to space exploration will never be forgotten. He is always remembered as the pioneer of human space travel.
26. What can we know about Yuri Gagarin from Paragraph 1
A. He was an American astronaut. B. He was the first human to enter space.
C. He invented the first spacecraft. D. He travelled to space in 1968.
27. Why was Gagarin chosen as an astronaut
A. He was born in a rich family. B. He had good flying skills and strong will.
C. He had travelled abroad many times. D. He studied space science at university.
28. How long did Gagarin’s space trip last
A. Over one hour. B. Two hours. C. One day. D. Several days.
29. What is the best title for the passage
A. The Beauty of Outer Space B. The History of Space Travel
C. A Great Space Pioneer — Gagarin D. How to Become an Astronaut
(B)
A spacecraft is a special vehicle designed for travelling and working in outer space. Unlike common planes that only fly in the Earth’s air, spacecraft can break through the atmosphere and enter space. They are the most important tools for human space exploration.
Spacecraft have strict and special structures. The outer shell is made of super strong materials. It can resist high temperatures during launch and protect the inside from dangerous space radiation. Inside the spacecraft, there are many high-tech devices, such as control systems, communication systems and life support systems. These systems work together to keep astronauts safe and comfortable in space.
There are two main kinds of spacecraft. The first kind is manned spacecraft, which can carry astronauts. It provides living space and necessary resources for space missions. China’s Shenzhou series spacecraft belong to this kind. The second kind is unmanned spacecraft, which works without astronauts. It usually carries cameras and scientific tools to collect space data and take photos.
Spacecraft have different tasks. Some are used to send astronauts and supplies to space stations. Some are sent to explore the Moon, Mars or other planets. Others stay in space for years to collect long-term space information.
With the development of science and technology, modern spacecraft are becoming lighter, faster and safer. Scientists are always improving spacecraft technology to help humans explore more unknown areas in the universe. In the future, spacecraft will play a more important role in human space exploration.
30. What is special about spacecraft compared with common planes
A. They are much cheaper. B. They can fly faster in the sky.
C. They can enter outer space. D. They have simpler structures.
31. What is the function of the spacecraft’s outer shell
A. To make the spacecraft beautiful. B. To protect the spacecraft from danger.
C. To help the spacecraft fly faster. D. To receive space information.
32. Which of the following is a manned spacecraft
A. Shenzhou series. B. All modern unmanned crafts.
C. Ordinary planes. D. Scientific data collectors.
33. What is the passage mainly about
A. The future of space exploration. B. Different kinds of space stations.
C. An introduction to spacecraft. D. How to improve space technology.
（C)
Shenzhou-22 is one of China’s latest and most advanced manned spacecraft. It carries Chinese astronauts to carry out scientific experiments and maintenance tasks in the Tiangong space station. It shows China’s top level of space exploration technology.
In October 2025, Shenzhou-22 successfully launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. Three excellent astronauts took the historic mission. After precise orbital docking, the spacecraft successfully connected with the Tiangong space station. The three astronauts smoothly entered the space station and started their six-month on-orbit work and life.
During the mission, the astronauts finished many important tasks. They carried out dozens of space science experiments in different fields, including physics, biology and medicine. These experiments help scientists better understand the space environment and the influence of space conditions on living things. Besides, the astronauts completed several extravehicular spacewalks to check and repair the station’s equipment.
Life in the space station is busy but orderly. The astronauts have fixed working and resting time every day. They need to exercise for more than two hours every day on special equipment to keep healthy in the gravity-free environment. They also eat special space food that is healthy and easy to store.
After six months of hard work, the Shenzhou-22 astronauts finished all scheduled tasks perfectly. They returned to Earth safely with valuable experimental data and samples. The successful mission of Shenzhou-22 has laid a solid foundation for China’s future deep space exploration.
34. When did Shenzhou-22 launch successfully
A. In 2021. B. In 2023. C. In 2025. D. In 2026.
35. What is NOT the task of the Shenzhou-22 astronauts
A. Doing scientific experiments. B. Repairing space station equipment.
C. Building a new space station. D. Taking spacewalks.
36. Why do astronauts exercise every day in space
A. To kill free time. B. To keep healthy without gravity.
C. To prepare for space fights. D. To test sports equipment.
37. What can we learn from the passage
A. Shenzhou-22 mission lasted half a year.
B. There is no working time rule in the space station.
C. The astronauts brought back no experimental samples.
D. Shenzhou-22 is an unmanned spacecraft.
(D)
Tiangong-1 was China’s first target spacecraft and space laboratory. It played an important role in China’s early space station construction and space technology testing.
Launched in September 2011, Tiangong-1 weighed about 8.5 tons. It had two main parts: the experiment cabin and the resource cabin. The experiment cabin was the main living and working area for astronauts. It was equipped with basic living facilities and experimental equipment. The resource cabin provided power and fuel support for the whole spacecraft.
Tiangong-1’s main task was to test key technologies for future space stations. From 2011 to 2013, it completed six docking missions with Shenzhou-8, Shenzhou-9 and Shenzhou-10. Chinese astronauts successfully entered Tiangong-1 twice and carried out space experiments and technical tests.
During its service time, Tiangong-1 worked stably in orbit for more than two years. It helped Chinese scientists master core technologies such as spacecraft orbital docking and on-orbit residence. These technologies were very important for the later construction of the Tiangong space station.
In 2018, Tiangong-1 finished its historic mission. It left the orbit and fell into the Pacific Ocean safely. Though Tiangong-1 no longer works, it is a milestone in China’s space development. It opened the door for China’s independent space station construction and made great contributions to the progress of China’s space industry.
38. What was Tiangong-1
A. A modern space station. B. A space laboratory.
C. A new planet detector. D. A communication satellite.
39. Which technology did Tiangong-1 help China master
A. Making space food. B. Training astronauts.
C. Spacecraft docking. D. Launching rockets.
40. What is the writer’s attitude towards Tiangong-1
A. Doubtful. B. Worried. C. Uninterested. D. Proud.
第二节 阅读填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
阅读短文，从A-E五个选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项。
China has a long and wonderful dream of exploring space. Over the past decades, China’s space industry has developed rapidly and made world-famous achievements. 41
In the early days, China’s space exploration started from scratch. Scientists and workers overcame countless difficulties with limited technology and resources. 42 In 1970, China successfully launched its first artificial satellite Dongfanghong-1. It marked that China had the ability to explore space independently.
From the 1990s, China started the manned space program. 43 From Yang Liwei’s first space flight to today’s group space missions, China’s manned space technology has become mature step by step. Astronauts have completed countless scientific experiments and spacewalks, accumulating rich experience.
In recent years, China has achieved great success in lunar and deep space exploration. The Chang’e series probes have landed on the Moon and brought back lunar samples. 44 Most importantly, China has completed the construction of the Tiangong space station, which is open to all countries in the world.
45 In the future, China will keep exploring the universe, develop more advanced space technology, and make more contributions to human space exploration.
A. Then China’s space exploration entered a fast development period.
B. It has gone through a hard but glorious journey.
C. China’s space career is still moving forward steadily.
D. They kept trying and made continuous progress.
E. The Tianwen probe has successfully explored Mars.
四、项目情境配对（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据英文描述，匹配对应的词汇，选项A-F，有一项多余。
A. astronaut B. spacecraft C. spacewalk D. gravity E. space station F. satellite
46. The special force that makes people and objects stay on the Earth’s surface.
47. A person who is trained to travel and work in outer space.
48. A large space structure where astronauts live and carry out long-term experiments in space.
49. A special vehicle that is used to travel and work in outer space.
50. An activity that astronauts walk and work outside the spacecraft in space.
46. 47. 48. 49. 50.
五、阅读综合 回答问题（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读短文，根据短文内容，用完整句子回答问题。
Liu Yaping is one of the most famous female astronauts in China. She is the second Chinese woman astronaut to enter space and the first Chinese astronaut to give a space lecture to students on Earth.
Liu Yaping was born in Shandong Province in 1978. She was always energetic and hard-working when she was a student. After graduating from university, she became an excellent pilot. In 2010, she was selected into China’s astronaut team because of her excellent professional skills and good psychological quality.
In June 2013, Liu Yaping took part in the Shenzhou-10 space mission. During the mission, she stayed in space for 15 days. She successfully completed China’s first space teaching activity. She showed students wonderful space phenomena, explained physical knowledge in the gravity-free environment and answered students’ questions online. This special lecture inspired thousands of young students to love science and dream of space exploration.
In 2021, Liu Yaping went into space again with the Shenzhou-13 crew. She worked and lived in the Tiangong space station for six months. During this period, she finished China’s first extravehicular spacewalk by a female astronaut, making a new record in China’s space history.
Liu Yaping loves her career deeply. She once said that space exploration is hard but meaningful. Every achievement comes from endless training and persistence. She has become a role model for many young Chinese people, especially young girls. Her story encourages more teenagers to chase their space dreams bravely.
51. What special title does Liu Yaping have as a Chinese astronaut
52. Why was Liu Yaping chosen as an astronaut in 2010
53. When did Liu Yaping give China’s first space lecture

54. What new record did Liu Yaping make in 2021
55. What can we learn from Liu Yaping’s story
六、语法填空（共10空；每空1分，满分10分）
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式。
Living in space is very different 56____ life on Earth. Astronauts face many special challenges every day.
The biggest difference is zero gravity. In space, there is almost no gravity, so everything 57____ (float) freely. Astronauts can not walk or stand as usual. They have to fix their bodies with special ropes while 58____ (work) and sleeping. If they do not do so, small objects will fly everywhere in the spacecraft.
To keep healthy, astronauts must keep exercising every day. They use special sports 59____ (machine) to do exercise for more than two hours daily. Without exercise, their muscles and bones will become weak after 60____ (stay) in space for a long time.
Astronauts’ daily food is also special. All space food is made light and easy 61____ (store). There are many kinds of food, such as fruits, vegetables and meat. Though the food tastes
good, it is still not as rich 62____ the food on Earth.
Besides work and exercise, astronauts also have free time. They can read books, watch videos and communicate with their families by video call 63____ (relax) themselves.
Space life is hard and challenging, 64____ it is also amazing and valuable. Every astronaut sticks to their mission and makes great efforts 65____ (explore) the unknown universe for our country.
七、书面表达（满分20分）
假如你是李华，你的梦想是登上太空。请你以 My Trip To Space 为题，写一篇100词左右的英语短文，向校报投稿。
写作要点
1. 你的太空梦想是什么
2. 想象中太空的美丽景色
3. 你在太空想做的事情
4. 你的感悟与未来计划
写作要求
1. 词数100左右，误差不超过10词；
2. 包含全部写作要点，可适当发挥；
3. 语句通顺，语法正确，书写规范；
4. 文中不得出现真实校名、人名。
My Trip To Space
My biggest dream is to travel into space one day.



参考答案
一、语法选择（15分）
答案：1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.B 6.A 7.C 8.B 9.D 10.A 11.C 12.C 13.B 14.B 15.A
二、完形填空（10分）
答案：16.A 17.A 18.B 19.B 20.C 21.A 22.B 23.B 24.A 25.A
三、阅读理解（35分）
第一节 阅读理解（30分）
答案
26.B 27.B 28.A 29.C
30.C 31.B 32.A 33.C
34.C 35.C 36.B 37.A
38.B 39.C 40.D
第二节 阅读填空（5分）
答案：41.B 42.D 43.A 44.E 45.C
四、项目情境配对（10分）
答案：46.D 47.A 48.E 49.B 50.C
五、阅读综合 回答问题（10分）
参考答案（标准作答）
51. She is the first Chinese astronaut to give a space lecture to students on Earth.
52. Because she had excellent professional skills and good psychological quality.
53. She gave it in June 2013. / In June 2013.
54. She finished China’s first extravehicular spacewalk by a female astronaut.
55. We should work hard and stick to our dreams.（答案合理即可）
六、语法填空（10分）
答案
56. from
57. floats
58. working
59. machines
60. staying
61. to store
62. as
63. to relax
64. but
65. to explore
七、书面表达（20分）
参考范文
My Trip To Space
My biggest dream is to travel into space one day. I really want to explore the mysterious universe.
If I fly into space, I will enjoy the amazing sights first. I can see our blue Earth and countless bright stars around it. It must be wonderful. I plan to take photos and do some simple space experiments there.
Space exploration is great. To make my dream come true, I will study all subjects hard and do sports every day. I believe my dream will come true in the future.

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