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2026届广东省华南师范大学附属中学高三综合测试（二）英语试题
Four 2025 Writing Competitions
Aurora Prize
This is a contest for outstanding poetry and short fiction. The first prize winner will get 500 and feedback on their entry from a literary editor, and a year's free membership of the Society of Authors. The second prize is 150, and the third prize is a ticket to the 2025 Writers' Conference. This year's judges are author Irenosen Okojie and poet Joelle Taylor. Entries must be original. Poems should be no longer than 60 lines, and short fiction up to 2, 000 words. The entry fee is 9 for the first entry and 7 for any subsequent entries. The closing date is 6 November.
SaveAs Writers Prize
This year's contest is for poetry and short story on the theme of "Facing the Storm". The contest commemorates the 250th anniversary of the birth of artist J. M.W. Turner. Enter short stories up to 3, 500 words and poems up to 60 lines. The prizes are 200, 100 and 50 in each category. Entries must be written by yourself. The entry fee is 4 per poem and 10 for three, and 5 per story and 12 for three. The closing date is 30 November.
Mslexia Prize
This year's category is novel. The first prize is 5, 000. The judges are Bernadine Evaristo, Olivia Maidment and Lucy Popescu. Finalists will receive feedback from professional editors. Enter the first 3, 000 words of your own work. Longlisted writers will be asked to produce the full manuscript. The entry fee is 3. All entrants must self-identify as a woman. The closing date is 22 November.
Paul Cave Prize
In honour of publisher Paul Astley Cave, who died in 2010, the competition invites original entries of: poetry up to 30 lines; micro-fiction no longer than 100 words; short stories up to 1, 000 words. The prizes are: 35 for best poetry; 25 for best micro-fiction and 75 for best short story. The entry fees are: 15 for one short story and 25 for two; 15 for up to three poems; 25 for up to eight micro-fictions. The closing date is 1 December.
1．Which of the following competitions were founded in memory of a person
A．Aurora Prize and Mslexia Prize.
B．Aurora Prize and Paul Cave Prize.
C．SaveAs Writers Prize and Mslexia Prize.
D．SaveAs Writers Prize and Paul Cave Prize.
2．For a young man who has written three short stories and wants to enter them with the least cost, which competition is the best choice
A．Aurora Prize. B．SaveAs Writers Prize.
C．Mslexia Prize. D．Paul Cave Prize.
3．What do the four competitions have in common
A．They all set a specific theme for the entries.
B．They all offer prizes only in the form of money.
C．They all accept submissions in both poetry and fiction.
D．They all set specific word count or line limit for entries.
A few weeks ago, I called an Uber to take me to the Boston airport for a flight home for the holidays. As I slid into the back seat of the car, the warm intonations (语调) of the driver's accent washed over me in a familiar way.
I learned that he was a recent West African immigrant with a few young children, working hard to provide for his family. I could relate: I am the daughter of two Ethiopian immigrants who made their share of sacrifices to ensure my success. I told him I was on a college break and headed home to visit my parents. That's how he found out I go to Harvard. An approving eye glinted at me in the rearview window (后视镜), and quickly, we crossed the boundaries of rider and driver. I became his daughter, all grown up — the product of his sacrifice.
And then came the fateful question: "What do you study " I answered "history and literature" and the pride in his voice faded, as I knew it might. I didn't even get to add "and African-American studies" before he cut in, his voice thick with disappointment, "All that work to get into Harvard, and you study history "
Here I was, his daughter, squandering the biggest opportunity of her life. He went on to deliver the age-old lecture that all immigrant kids know. We are to become doctors (or lawyers, if our parents are being generous) — to make money and send money back home. The unspoken demand, made across generations which my Uber driver laid out plainly, is simple: Fulfill your role in the narrative of upward mobility so your children can do the same.
I used to feel anxious and backed into a corner by the questioning, but now as a junior in college, I'm grateful for their support more than anything. This holiday season, I've promised myself I won't huff and get annoyed at their inquiries. I won't defensively respond with "but I plan to go to law school" when I get unrequested advice. I'll just smile and nod, and enjoy the warmth of the occasion.
4．What disappointed the driver
A．The sacrifice of the author's parents.
B．The author's choice of major at college.
C．The author's casual attitude towards study.
D．The author's poor academic performance at Harvard.
5．Which word can replace the underlined word "squandering" in Paragraph 4
A．Wasting. B．Replacing. C．Valuing. D．Expecting.
6．Why are immigrant kids expected to become doctors or lawyers according to the passage
A．To gain higher social respect and recognition.
B．To fulfill the unachieved dreams of their parents.
C．To secure financial success and family advancement.
D．To gain easier access to top universities like Harvard.
7．What is the author's attitude towards the driver's questioning
A．Critical. B．Tolerant. C．Doubtful. D．Supportive.
My son just completed high school, and his departure for college marks a significant change for me. Among the things I'll miss most are his lessons in teenage slang (俚语), which has offered me an accidental and useful portrait of how he and his generation see the world．
The primary value of slang has been to create linguistic markers, a way to set you apart from other people. The terms change over time, but the meanings typically don't — one generation's "cool" becomes another's "dope."
Members of my son's generation have a vastly superior approach to slang. They have invented a language that responds to the new and distinct reality they face, a society characterized by collapsing institutions, erosions (削弱) in trust and a loss of faith in a shared sense of meaning．
"Mid," for example, in my son's usage, describes things that are average or slightly below. You can't really complain about them, but they produce no joy. Everything in Starbucks and airports falls into the category of "mid."
"Glazed" has a similarly impressive precision, indicating the act of positively spinning a judgment on reality rather than complete lying. It is the perfect description of the way social media works, with everything taking on an artificially positive, unreal and not entirely trustworthy look. For example, beach photos on social media might make a destination look like paradise, yet they rarely show the crowded shores or bad weather that are part of the reality．
My favorite slang word is "based," often used to express agreement when someone states a controversial opinion. "Canada should join the United States," one might say, to which someone else might reply, "Based." To my ear, "based" is a perfect word to describe the informational chaos we inhabit．
Slang has brought my son and me closer. It's taught me that the current crop of teenagers created a language to describe the flawed reality we've abandoned them to, and in doing so they've proved themselves less misguided and more innovative than we were．
8．What does teenage slang reveal about young people
A．Their need to fit in with peers.
B．Their desire to outdo older generations.
C．Their aim to challenge social norms.
D．Their response to the problematic reality.
9．Which comment on a crowded park reflects the underlined word "glazed"
A．"What a disaster!" B．"Not crowded at all."
C．"A wonderful getaway!" D．"At least we found a spot."
10．What is the author's attitude toward teenage slang
A．Objective. B．Critical. C．Appreciative. D．Doubtful.
11．What is a suitable title for the text
A．Teenagers' Fondness of Nonsense Words
B．Modern Slang Tells Us about Youth Culture
C．The Impact of Teen Slang on Social Relations
D．Teens Have Invented a Language for the World
A wheeled robot rolls across the floor. A soft-bodied robotic star bends its five legs, moving awkwardly. Powered by conventional electricity via plug or battery, these simple robotic creations would be unremarkable, but what sets these two robots apart is that they are controlled by a living entity (实体): a king oyster mushroom.
By growing the mushroom's mycelium (菌丝体) into the robot's hardware, a team led by Cornell University researchers has engineered two types of robots that sense and respond to the environment by using electrical signals made by the mushroom and its sensitivity to light.
The robots are the latest accomplishment of scientists in a field known as biohybrid robotics who seek to combine biological, living materials such as plant and animal cells or insects with artificial components to make partly living and partly engineered entities.
There's still a long way to go before biohybrid robots go beyond the lab, but researchers hope one day robot jellyfish may explore oceans, sperm-powered robots may be able to deliver fertility (生育) treatments and cyborg cockroaches could search for survivors in the wake of an earthquake.
"Biohybridization is an attempt to find components in the biological world that we can use, understand, and control to help our artificial systems work better," said Shepherd, a professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering at Cornell University.
The team began by growing king oyster mushrooms in the lab from a simple kit ordered online. The researchers chose this species of mushroom because it grows easily and quickly. They cultivated the mushroom's mycelium, which can form networks that, according to the study, can sense, communicate and transport nutrients.
The team found it challenging to engineer a system that could detect and use the small electrical signals from the mycelia to command the robot. "You have to make sure that your electrode (电极) touches in the right position because the mycelia are very thin," said lead author Anand Mishra. "Then you culture them, and when the mycelia start growing, they wrap around the electrode."
12．What is special about the two robots in the first paragraph
A．They can control living creatures.
B．They can make various movements.
C．They are powered by king oyster mushrooms.
D．They are partly mushroom and partly machine.
13．What does the author want to show by giving the examples in paragraph 4
A．The future possibilities of biohybrid robots.
B．The seriousness of the environmental issues.
C．The limitations of biohybrid robots beyond the lab.
D．The advantages of biohybrid robots over conventional ones.
14．What did the team find difficult when engineering the robots
A．Wrapping the electrode with the mycelia.
B．Arranging the electrode in the right order.
C．Developing a system to cultivate the mycelia.
D．Placing the electrode accurately on the mycelia.
15．Why do researchers develop biohybrid robots
A．To replace artificial systems entirely.
B．To create fully self-replicating organisms.
C．To reduce environmental impacts of robots.
D．To integrate biological advantages into machines.
Experiencing bad dreams every night can be horrifying for anybody. Bad dreams can disturb the sleep and make a person feel stressed throughout the next day. 　16． 　
Before knowing how to get rid of bad dreams, we need to understand what can result in them. Researches have shown that when a person is under some sort of physical or mental stress, he is more likely to get bad dreams and disturbed sleep. 　17． 　 For instance, if you're overworked, learn to take things slow. Don't be ambitious to the point that it starts affecting your health.
Besides, some trauma (损伤) that a person might have experienced recently or in the past which they're unable to get over can make the person suffer from bad dreams. Death of a very close family member is often seen to be the reason behind recurrent nightmares.　18． 　
Eating fatty and high-protein foods in dinner is also known to cause bad dreams in some people. 　19． 　 Taking a light dinner of soups and salad is the best, both for the health and for stopping disturbed sleep in some cases.
Besides these, there are many other things a person can do to have a good night's sleep. For example, your bedroom should be the most comfortable place in the world. It's advisable to get rid of all electronic gadgets including television. 　20． 　 So, from now on try to be a happy and positive person.
A. Almost everyone has this experience.
B. Take proper exercises and this might help you.
C. Bad dreams occurring because of these reasons can be stopped if the diet is changed.
D. That's why one should take steps to stop them as soon as they become an everyday occurrence.
E. In such a case, taking therapy and dealing with the trauma is the only solution to stop bad dreams.
F. In addition, if you have negative thoughts, it can have side effects on the kind of dreams you have.
G. So, to stop bad dreams, it's necessary to find out the causes of physical and mental stress in your life.
I was 11 when I asked my mum for piano lessons. We were in an economic crisis and she'd recently been 21． off. She said a polite "no". That didn't 22． me. I drew a keyboard onto a piece of paper and stuck it on my desk. I would 23． notes on an online keyboard and "play" them back on my paper one — keeping the sound they made on the computer in my head. I spent six months playing without touching a real piano. As my mum found I was 24． about it, she bought me 10 lessons with borrowed money.
I still remember the first one. I was 25． by how organic the sound of the piano was, as I had become familiar with the 26． electronic sounds. The teacher was trying to explain where middle C was, but I could already play all the major and minor scales. After eight lessons, I 27． my grade one and got distinction. By the time I started secondary school, we couldn't afford lessons again, so I returned to my paper keyboard. I passed grade three, then grade five, practicing only on my piece of paper.
For the grades above that, there is an 28． that you add a certain sensitivity into your playing. The music teacher at my school said I could practice on the school's grand piano. I would wake up at 5:30 am to get there in time and play until lessons started. I'd 29． lunch and practice after school until the caretaker kicked me out. At home, I'd have dinner, do three hours of revision, and then 30． practice until 1:00 am.
My school didn't offer music A-level. I found the Purcell School for young musicians. The audition was extremely 31． , and I felt overwhelmed. To my amazement, I was offered a 32． . I had been told I had started playing too late to reach conservatoire level, but when I left Purcell, I was awarded the senior piano prize. That was the point when I realized I wasn't behind everyone else. I am now at the Guildhall School in London, where I was offered a scholarship. I feel proud: it's been 10 years since I drew my paper piano and I'm at one of the world's 33． conservatoires. The irony is that I continue to do a lot of my practice away from the piano what we call mental practice. It 34． key areas of the mind that are less readily accessed by piano playing alone. The paper piano helped stimulate my 35． about how music works.
21．A．laid B．pushed C．dropped D．knocked
22．A．annoy B．bother C．embarrass D．discourage
23．A．take B．sign C．click D．compose
24．A．serious B．careful C．hesitant D．nervous
25．A．struck B．puzzled C．comforted D．inspired
26．A．natural B．artificial C．practical D．magical
27．A．sat B．joined C．failed D．repeated
28．A．attitude B．expectation C．opinion D．opportunity
29．A．avoid B．miss C．save D．skip
30．A．social B．mental C．mechanical D．physical
31．A．fascinating B．motivating C．frightening D．challenging
32．A．course B．reward C．place D．certificate
33．A．grand B．strict C．leading D．expensive
34．A．builds B．covers C．defines D．unlocks
35．A．prediction B．memory C．curiosity D．imagination
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Research has shown that a preference for sweet foods is associated　36． 　 a kinder, more agreeable personality. The association can be seen in the language　37． 　 (use) to describe people who are nice or whom we love in some culture, such as "sweet", "sweetie", or "honey".
These links can　38． 　 (explain) based on the conceptual metaphor theory and the center of　39． 　is that metaphors compare abstract concepts to more concrete fields to help understanding. In the theory, metaphoric mappings are cognitive association, often learned through experience or a process of embodiment (具象化),　40． 　 eventually allows people to think about or represent abstract concepts in terms that are more readily perceptible(可感知的), such as taste.
A new journal article published this week,　41． 　 which I am a co-author, aimed to examine whether the association between sweet taste preferences and agreeableness occurs across cultures.　42． 　 (address) this question, the study surveyed 1,650 participants of different cultural backgrounds.
The study found that agreeableness was　43． 　 (significant) and positively connected with the two different measures of sweet taste preferences in all pared with ones without a sweet tooth, people who like sweet foods are　44． 　 (likely) to "sympathize with others' feelings", "take time out for others", "have a soft heart", and so on. Therefore, the study's results suggest that people across cultures use sweet taste experiences to understand and conceptualize a person's inner　45． 　 (warm) in line with theory framework.
46．假定你是李华，你校英文报开设了"My Everyday Hero"专栏，请你写一篇短文投稿，分享校园中感动或影响过你的人。内容包括：
1．人物简介；
2．具体事例；
3．对你的影响。
注意：
1．写作词数80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Everyday Hero
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
An Unexpected Angel
In the extreme heat, I watched an elderly woman struggle with bags of groceries. Slowing down, I opened the window and called out, "Need a ride " I helped her into the passenger seat, and we were off.
She directed me to go farther south. Suddenly, I realized we were on the "wrong side of town." It was starting to get dark, and I began to feel uneasy. We continued down unfamiliar streets until she finally pointed to an old apartment building. The street was dirty and the air was smelly. Several young men gathered around the entrance. They appeared threatening. Some were on motorcycles, and one boy with bushy, long hair was staring at me intently (目不转睛地) — too intently — and smiling.
I was getting more and more uncomfortable. I stopped the car. A couple of the guys helped with the groceries. The old lady thanked me, and I drove away as fast as I could.
I was driving when I was interrupted by a motorcycle behind me. It was that boy who kept smiling at me with a strange look! In a panic, I slowed down, hoping he would pass me. But he continued to drive at the same speed as me. I realized he was waving for me to stop.
No way was I going to stop for a stranger on an unfamiliar street. I tried to speed away, but it didn't stop him. He raced after me again. Getting increasingly anxious, I reached down in the passenger seat to get my cell phone. I had to call 911.
With my eyes on the road, one hand on the wheel and the other hand searching on the seat next to me, I found a phone. But it wasn't mine. "Oh no, the lady took my phone by mistake!" Meanwhile, the guy on the bike stayed close to me.
注意：(1)续写词数应为150个左右；
(2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
I saw the boy waving something.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I felt guilty and wanted to reward the boy.
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答案解析部分
【答案】1．D
2．B
3．D
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了2025年四个写作比赛的详细信息，目的是帮助有兴趣的写作者了解并选择适合自己的比赛。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．细节理解题。根据SaveAs Writers Prize部分中的"The contest commemorates the 250th anniversary of the birth of artist J. M.W. Turner."这次比赛是为了纪念艺术家 J. M. W. 特纳诞辰 250 周年而举办的；以及Paul Cave Prize部分中的"In honour of publisher Paul Astley Cave, who died in 2010, the competition invites original entries of: poetry up to 30 lines"为了纪念2010年去世的出版人保罗·阿斯特利·凯夫，比赛邀请原创作品参赛：30行以内的诗歌。可知，SaveAs Writers Prize和Paul Cave Prize这两个比赛是为了纪念某个人而设立的。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据Aurora Prize部分中的"The entry fee is 9 for the first entry and 7 for any subsequent entries."第一个作品参赛的报名费为9英镑，以后参赛的作品报名费为7英镑；SaveAs Writers Prize部分中的"The entry fee is 4 per poem and 10 for three, and 5 per story and 12 for three."每首诗的参赛费是4英镑，三首诗为10英镑；每篇故事的参赛费是5英镑，三篇故事为12英镑；Mslexia Prize部分中的"The entry fee is 3. All entrants must self-identify as a woman."参赛报名费为3英镑。所有参与者都必须自我表明自己是女性；以及Paul Cave Prize部分中的"The entry fees are: 15 for one short story and 25 for two; 15 for up to three poems; 25 for up to eight micro-fictions"参赛费如下：一篇短篇小说需支付15英镑，两篇则需支付25英镑；不超过三首诗需支付15英镑；不超过八篇微型小说需支付25英镑。可知，对于一个已经写了三篇短篇小说的年轻男士来说，想要以最低的成本参加比赛，SaveAs Writers Prize花费最少是最好的选择。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据Aurora Prize部分中的"Poems should be no longer than 60 lines, and short fiction up to 2, 000 words."诗歌应不超过60行，短篇小说不超过2000词；SaveAs Writers Prize部分中的"Enter short stories up to 3, 500 words and poems up to 60 lines."提交短篇小说字数不超过3500词，诗歌不超过60行；Mslexia Prize部分中的"Enter the first 3, 000 words of your own work."请提交您自己创作的前3000个词；以及Paul Cave Prize部分中"poetry up to 30 lines; micro-fiction no longer than 100 words; short stories up to 1, 000 words."诗歌篇幅不超过30行；微型小说字数不超过100个词；短篇小说字数不超过1000个词。可知，这四场竞赛的共同之处是：他们为所有参赛作品都设定了具体的字数或行数限制。故选D。
【答案】4．B
5．A
6．C
7．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者作为西非和埃塞俄比亚移民后代，在乘坐Uber时与司机就学业选择产生的交流，反映出移民家庭普遍期望子女通过从事医生、律师等职业实现向上流动，而作者如今对家人的这类期望和支持有了更理解和感恩的态度，决定以微笑和点头回应家人的询问与建议，享受亲情温暖 。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读你，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
4．细节理解题。根据第三段"And then came the fateful question:‘What do you study ' I answered ‘history and literature' and the pride in his voice faded, as I knew it might. I didn't even get to add‘and African-American studies' before he cut in, his voice thick with disappointment,‘All that work to get into Harvard, and you study history '"然后出现了那个决定性的问题："你学的什么？"我回答说"历史和文学"，我听得出他声音中的自豪感消失了，正如我所预料的那样。我甚至还没来得及补充"还有非裔美国人研究"，他就打断了我，声音里充满了失望："为了进哈佛费那么大劲，你居然学历史？"可知，令这位司机感到失望的是作者学习的专业。故选B。
5．词义猜测题。根据第三段中的"his voice thick with disappointment,‘All that work to get into Harvard, and you study history '"他的声音里充满了失望："为了进哈佛费那么大劲，你居然学历史？"；以及第四段中的"He went on to deliver the age-old lecture that all immigrant kids know. We are to become doctors (or lawyers, if our parents are being generous) — to make money and send money back home."随后，他继续讲着所有移民家庭孩子都耳熟能详的"老生常谈"：我们这些移民后代，就该去当医生（要是父母放宽要求，当个律师也行）——赚钱养家，还要往老家寄钱。可知，司机认为移民后代应该学医、学法律等，而作者努力考上哈佛大学却选择学历史是在浪费这个机会，可推知划线单词所在句"Here I was, his daughter,squandering the biggest opportunity of her life."的意思是：在他看来，我这个 "女儿"，简直是在浪费人生中这难得的机遇。划线词squandering应是"浪费"之意。故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段中的"He went on to deliver the age-old lecture that all immigrant kids know. We are to become doctors (or lawyers, if our parents are being generous) — to make money and send money back home. The unspoken demand, made across generations which my Uber driver laid out plainly, is simple: Fulfill your role in the narrative of upward mobility so your children can do the same."他继续讲着所有移民孩子都知道的老生常谈。我们要成为医生（或者律师，如果我们的父母够慷慨的话）——赚钱并寄钱回家。我的Uber司机清楚地阐述了几代人的潜要求，很简单：在向上流动的故事中发挥你的作用，这样你的孩子也能这样做。可知，移民父母希望孩子成为医生或律师，目的是赚钱、寄钱回家，并且完成阶层向上流动的使命，让下一代也能如此。所以说移民孩子被期望成为医生或律师是为了从事高收入职业来获得经济上的成功，推动家族发展。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段"I used to feel anxious and backed into a corner by the questioning, but now as a junior in college, I'm grateful for their support more than anything. This holiday season, I've promised myself I won't huff and get annoyed at their inquiries. I won't defensively respond with ‘but I plan to go to law school' when I get unrequested advice. I'll just smile and nod, and enjoy the warmth of the occasion."以前，每次被问到这类问题，我都会满心焦虑，仿佛被逼到了墙角；但如今，作为一名大三学生，我心里更多的是对他们这份期许的感激。这个假期，我暗自下定决心：再听到这样的询问，我不会再烦躁地抱怨，也不会急着辩解 "我以后打算读法学院" 来回应这些主动送上的建议。我会笑着点点头，好好享受当下这份温情。可知，作者以前面对这类提问会感到焦虑，但现在作为大三学生，更多的是感激他们的支持，还决心不会再对这些询问感到烦躁，只会微笑点头。这体现出作者对司机的质疑持包容、体谅的态度。故选B。
【答案】8．D
9．C
10．C
11．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者儿子高中毕业即将上大学，其使用的青少年俚语让作者看到这代人对世界的看法，年轻一代创造的俚语并非无意义的随意用语，而是一套精准、深刻的语言工具，用来描述他们所继承的那个充满缺陷的现实——这恰恰证明他们比上一代人更有洞察力和创造力。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
8．细节理解题。根据第三段"Members of my son's generation have a vastly superior approach to slang. They have invented a language that responds to the new and distinct reality they face, a society characterized by collapsing institutions, erosions (削弱) in trust and a loss of faith in a shared sense of meaning."我儿子这一代的成员对俚语的处理方式要优越得多。他们发明了一种语言来回应他们所面临的新的和独特的现实，一个以机构崩溃、信任削弱和对共同意义失去信心为特征的社会。可知，青少年俚语揭示了年轻人对有问题的现实的反应。故选D。
9．推理判断题。根据第五段"‘Glazed' has a similarly impressive precision, indicating the act of positively spinning a judgment on reality rather than complete lying. It is the perfect description of the way social media works, with everything taking on an artificially positive, unreal and not entirely trustworthy look. For example, beach photos on social media might make a destination look like paradise, yet they rarely show the crowded shores or bad weather that are part of the reality.""Glazed"也有同样令人印象深刻的精确性，它表示对现实进行积极粉饰，而不是彻头彻尾地撒谎。这是对社交媒体工作方式的完美描述，一切都呈现出一种人为的积极、不真实和不完全可信的样子。例如，社交媒体上的海滩照片可能会让一个目的地看起来像天堂，但它们很少展示作为现实一部分的拥挤的海岸或恶劣的天气。可知，对一个拥挤的公园的评论"一次美妙的度假！"反映了"glazed"这个词的含义，即对现实做出积极判断的行为，而不是完全说谎。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段"Slang has brought my son and me closer. It's taught me that the current crop of teenagers created a language to describe the flawed reality we've abandoned them to, and in doing so they've proved themselves less misguided and more innovative than we were."俚语让我和儿子更亲近了。它让我明白，现在的这一代青少年创造了一种语言来描述我们抛弃给他们的有缺陷的现实，他们这样做证明了他们比我们更少被误导，更有创新精神。可知，作者对青少年俚语的态度是欣赏的。故选C。
11．标题归纳题。根据第一段"My son just completed high school, and his departure for college marks a significant change for me. Among the things I'll miss most are his lessons in teenage slang (俚语), which has offered me an accidental and useful portrait of how he and his generation see the world."我儿子刚高中毕业，他上大学对我来说是一个重大的变化。我最怀念的是他给我上的青少年俚语课，这让我意外而有用地了解了他和他这一代人如何看待这个世界；以及最后一段"Slang has brought my son and me closer. It's taught me that the current crop of teenagers created a language to describe the flawed reality we've abandoned them to, and in doing so they've proved themselves less misguided and more innovative than we were."俚语让我和儿子更亲近了。它让我明白，现在的这一代青少年创造了一种语言来描述我们抛弃给他们的有缺陷的现实，他们这样做证明了他们比我们更少被误导，更有创新精神；以及全文内容可知，本文讲述了青少年创造了一种语言来描述他们所面临的现实，作者认为这证明了他们比上一代人更少被误导，更有创新精神，"青少年为世界发明了一种语言"适合作本文标题。故选D。
【答案】12．D
13．A
14．D
15．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了康奈尔大学团队利用蘑菇菌丝体的生物电信号来控制机器人的最新成果，属于生物混合机器人（biohybrid robotics）领域的前沿探索。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Powered by conventional electricity via plug or battery, these simple robotic creations would be unremarkable, but what sets these two robots apart is that they are controlled by a living entity(实体): a king oyster mushroom."若是依靠插座充电或电池供电的传统电力驱动，这些简易的机器人本不足为奇，但这两款机器人的特别之处在于，它们的操控者是一个活体生物——杏鲍菇；第二段中的"By growing the mushroom's mycelium(菌丝体) into the robot's hardware"通过将杏鲍菇的菌丝体植入机器人硬件；以及第三段"The robots are the latest accomplishment of scientists in a field known as biohybrid robotics who seek to combine biological, living materials such as plant and animal cells or insects with artificial components to make partly living and partly engineered entities."这两款机器人是生物混合机器人学领域科学家的最新研究成果。该学科致力于将动植物细胞、昆虫等生物活体材料与人工组件相结合，打造出半活体、半人工的合成实体。可知，这两个机器人的特别之处在于它们由活体——杏鲍菇控制，属于部分生物、部分机器的混合体。故选D。
13．推理判断题。根据第四段"There's still a long way to go before biohybrid robots go beyond the lab, but researchers hope one day robot jellyfish may explore oceans, sperm-powered robots may be able to deliver fertility (生育) treatments and cyborg cockroaches could search for survivors in the wake of an earthquake."生物混合机器人要走出实验室、实现广泛应用，还有很长的路要走。但研究人员期待未来有一天，机器水母能遨游海洋开展探索，精子驱动机器人可助力不孕不育治疗，半机械蟑螂能在地震过后搜寻幸存者。可知，作者先提到生物混合机器人离走出实验室实现广泛应用还有距离，随后列举了未来应用的例子（如机器人水母探索海洋、精子动力机器人提供生育治疗等），旨在展示生物混合机器人的未来应用前景和可能性。故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据最后一段"The team found it challenging to engineer a system that could detect and use the small electrical signals from the mycelia to command the robot. ‘You have to make sure that your electrode(电极) touches in the right position because the mycelia are very thin,' said lead author Anand Mishra. ‘Then you culture them, and when the mycelia start growing, they wrap around the electrode.'"(团队在设计系统时遇到了一大挑战：如何检测并利用菌丝体产生的微弱电信号来操控机器人。该研究的第一作者阿南德 米什拉表示："你必须确保电极放置的位置精准无误，因为菌丝体十分纤细。接下来进行培养，当菌丝体开始生长时，就会将电极包裹起来。"可知，研究团队在将电极精准放置在细薄的菌丝体上以检测电信号时遇到了困难，即他们遇到的难题是精准将电极放置在菌丝体上。故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据第五段中的"Biohybridization is an attempt to find components in the biological world that we can use, understand, and control to help our artificial systems work better. "生物混合技术，就是试图从生物界寻找可用、可理解且可操控的组件，以此助力人工系统更高效地运转。指出生物混合的目的是利用生物世界的组件，帮助人工系统更好地工作，利用生物材料的优势（如感知能力）提升机器性能，即把生物优势整合到机器中。故选D。
【答案】16．D；17．G；18．E；19．C；20．F
【知识点】说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了噩梦主要由压力、创伤和不良饮食引起，通过减压、调饮食、优环境、正心态，可以有效减少噩梦、改善睡眠。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇科普类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"Experiencing bad dreams every night can be horrifying for anybody. Bad dreams can disturb the sleep and make a person feel stressed throughout the next day"每晚做噩梦对任何人来说都是可怕的，噩梦会扰乱睡眠，让人在第二天感到压力。说明了噩梦的危害；以及空后"Before knowing how to get rid of bad dreams, we need to understand what can result in them."在了解如何摆脱噩梦之前，我们需要了解是什么导致了噩梦。提到应对之法。 D. That's why one should take steps to stop them as soon as they become an everyday occurrence. "所以一旦噩梦变成日常，就该采取措施阻止它们"衔接上文的"噩梦危害"，引出下文的"应对方法"，符合语境。故选D。
17．根据空前"Researches have shown that when a person is under some sort of physical or mental stress, he is more likely to get bad dreams and disturbed sleep."研究表明，当人处于某种身体或精神压力下时，他更容易做噩梦和睡眠紊乱。指出压力是噩梦的成因之一；以及空后"For instance, if you're overworked, learn to take things slow. "比如，如果你工作过度，要学会放慢节奏。是缓解压力的具体建议。G. So, to stop bad dreams, it's necessary to find out the causes of physical and mental stress in your life."因此，要停止噩梦，需找出生活中身心压力的成因"承接上文的"压力成因"，引出下文的"缓解建议"，符合语境。故选G。
18．根据空前"Besides, some trauma (损伤) that a person might have experienced recently or in the past which they're unable to get over can make the person suffer from bad dreams. Death of a very close family member is often seen to be the reason behind recurrent nightmares."此外，一个人最近或过去可能经历过的一些无法克服的创伤，这会让人做噩梦。亲人离世通常是反复噩梦的原因。指出创伤是噩梦的成因，E. In such a case, taking therapy and dealing with the trauma is the only solution to stop bad dreams."这种情况下，接受治疗、处理创伤是停止噩梦的唯一办法"，符合语境。故选E。
19．根据空前"Eating fatty and high-protein foods in dinner is also known to cause bad dreams in some people. "晚餐吃高脂高蛋白食物也会导致一些人作噩梦。指出饮食是噩梦的成因；以及空后"Taking a light dinner of soups and salad is the best, both for the health and for stopping disturbed sleep in some cases."晚餐吃清淡的汤和沙拉是最好的，既对健康有益，在某些情况下也能防止睡眠受到干扰。是饮食调整建议。 C. Bad dreams occurring because of these reasons can be stopped if the diet is changed. "因这些原因产生的噩梦可通过改变饮食来停止"承上启下，符合语境。故选C。
20．根据空后"So, from now on try to be a happy and positive person."所以，从现在起要做快乐积极的人。提出要保持积极的心态。F. In addition, if you have negative thoughts, it can have side effects on the kind of dreams you have."此外，如果你有消极想法，它会对你所做的梦产生副作用"说明消极想法对梦境的影响，与下文的"积极心态的建议"形成因果关联，符合语境。故选F。
【答案】21．A；22．D；23．C；24．A；25．A；26．B；27．A；28．B；29．D；30．B；31．D；32．C；33．C；34．D；35．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者从"纸钢琴"到世界顶级音乐学院的真实经历，说明真正的热爱和坚持可以打破一切条件限制——经济困难、起步太晚、资源匮乏，都无法阻挡一个有决心的人。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：我们正处于经济危机中，她最近被解雇了。A：laid"放"；B：pushed"推"；C：dropped "掉落"；D：knocked" 敲击 "。根据空前"We were in an economic crisis"；以及空后"off"可知，此处指妈妈失业， be laid off是固定短语，"被解雇"，故选A。
22．句意：那并没有让我气馁。A：annoy"使恼怒"；B：bother"打扰"；C：embarrass" 使尴尬 "；D：discourage" 使气馁 "。根据上文"She said a polite ‘no'."她礼貌地说了声"不"；以及下文"I drew a keyboard onto a piece of paper and stuck it on my desk." 我在一张纸上画了一个键盘，然后把它贴在了我的桌子上。可知，妈妈的拒绝没有让作者放弃或是灰心气馁，故选D。
23．句意：我会在在线键盘上点击音符，然后在我的纸键盘上"弹奏"出来。A：take"拿"；B：sign"签名"；C：click"点击"；D：compose " 创作 "。根据空后"notes on an online keyboard"；以及"the sound they made on the computer"可知，此处指在电子键盘上点击操作，故选C。
24．句意：因为妈妈发现我对这件事是认真的，她借钱给我报了10节钢琴课。A：serious"认真的"；B：careful"仔细的"；C：hesitant"犹豫的"；D：nervous " 紧张的 "。根据上文"I spent six months playing without touching a real piano."我六个月没碰过真正的钢琴了。可知，作者是认真对待钢琴的，故选A。
25．句意：我被钢琴自然的声音打动了，因为我之前熟悉的是人造的电子音。A：struck"打动"；B：puzzled"使困惑"；C：comforted"安慰"；D：inspired " 启发 "。根据空后"by how organic the sound of the piano was"；以及"electronic sounds"可知，作者被真实钢琴的声音触动，be struck by固定短语，"被……打动"，故选A。
26．句意：我被钢琴自然的声音打动了，因为我之前熟悉的是人造的电子音。A：natural"自然的"；B：artificial"人造的"；C：practical"实用的"；D：magical " 神奇的 "。根据空前"how organic the sound of the piano was"；以及空后"electronic sounds"可知，相较于真钢琴的自然声音，电子音是人造的，故选B。
27．句意：上了八节课后，我参加了一级考试并取得了优异成绩。A：sat"坐，参加"；B：joined"加入"；C：failed"失败"；D：repeated " 重复 "。根据空后"got distinction"可知，此处指参加考试，故选A。
28．句意：对于更高等级的考试，有一个要求是你要在演奏中加入一定的敏感度。A：attitude"态度"；B：expectation"期望"；C：opinion"观点"；D：opportunity " 机会 "。根据空前"For the grades above that"；以及空后"you add a certain sensitivity into your playing"可知，这是高等级考试的要求，故选B。
29．句意：我会不吃午饭，放学后练习直到管理员把我赶出去。A：avoid"避免"；B：miss"错过"；C：save"节省"；D：skip " 跳过 "。根据空后"practice after school until the caretaker kicked me out"可知，作者为了练琴午饭不吃了。故选D。
30．句意：在家，我吃完晚饭，复习三个小时，然后进行心理练习直到凌晨1点。A：social"社交的"；B：mental"心理的"；C：mechanical"机械的"；D：physical " 身体的 "。根据下文" The irony is that I continue to do a lot of my practice away from the piano what we call mental practice. "具有讽刺意味的是，我仍然在钢琴之外进行大量的练习，我们称之为"心理练习"。可知，此处指不借助钢琴的心理练习，故选B。
31．句意：试镜极具挑战性，我感到不知所措。A：fascinating"迷人的"；B：motivating"激励的"；C：frightening"可怕的"；D：challenging " 有挑战性的 "。根据空后"and I felt overwhelmed" 可知，试镜难度大，故选D。
32．句意：令我惊讶的是，我获得了一个名额。A：course"课程"；B：reward"奖励"；C：place "名额"；D：certificate " 证书 "。根据下文"I had been told I had started playing too late to reach conservatoire level, but when I left Purcell, I was awarded the senior piano prize."有人告诉我，我起步太晚，无法达到音乐学院的水平，但当我离开普赛尔学院时，我获得了高级钢琴奖。可知，作者成功获得了学校的入学名额，故选C。
33．句意：如今我在伦敦的Guildhall学院，这里给了我奖学金。我感到自豪：从我画纸钢琴到现在已经10年了，而我如今在世界顶尖的音乐学院之一。A：grand"宏伟的"；B：strict"严格的"；C：leading"顶尖的"；D：expensive " 昂贵的 "。根据上文" I am now at the Guildhall School in London, where I was offered a scholarship."我现在在伦敦的 the Guildhall School 学校，学校为我提供了奖学金；空前"one of the world's"；以及空后"conservatoires"可知，此处指顶尖的学院，故选C。
34．句意：它解锁了仅靠弹钢琴难以触及的大脑关键区域。A：builds"建立"；B：covers"覆盖，包含"；C：defines"定义"；D：unlocks " 解锁，打开 "。根据空后"key areas of the mind that are less readily accessed by piano playing alone"可知，心理练习能打开这些区域，unlocks符合语境。故选D。
35．句意：纸钢琴激发了我对音乐运作方式的好奇心。A：prediction"预测"；B：memory"记忆"；C：curiosity"好奇心"；D：imagination" 想象 "。根据空前"stimulate"；以及空后"about how music works"可知，纸钢琴的练习让作者对音乐产生了好奇，故选C。
【答案】36．with；37．used；38．be explained；39．it；40．which；41．of；42．To address；43．significantly；44．more likely；45．warmth
【知识点】说明文；科普类；it；of；significantly；used；warmth；which；with
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项跨文化研究，证实了"爱吃甜食的人性格更友善"这一关联在全球范围内普遍存在。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及介词，非谓语动词，语态，代词，定语从句，副词，形容词，名词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：研究表明，对甜食的偏好与更友善、更随和的性格有关。be associated with固定短语，"与……有关"，故填with。
37．句意：在一些文化中，这种联系可以在用来描述善良或我们爱的人的语言中看到，比如"sweet"、 "sweetie"或"honey"。 use "使用"，动词。句中can be seen为句中谓语，此处应用非谓语形式，且与逻辑主语language构成动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填used。
38．句意：这些联系可以根据概念隐喻理论来解释，其核心是将抽象概念与更具体的领域进行比较，以帮助理解。 explain "解释"是谓语动词，与主语 These links 构成被动关系，且can后跟动词原形。故填be explained。
39．句意：这些联系可以根据概念隐喻理论来解释，其核心是将抽象概念与更具体的领域进行比较，以帮助理解。 此处使用代词作宾语，指代上文提到的conceptual metaphor theory，应用代词it。故填it。
40．句意：在隐喻映射理论中，隐喻映射是一种认知联想，通常是通过经验或具象化过程习得的，这最终使人们能够用更容易感知的术语来思考或表示抽象概念，比如味道。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词cognitive association，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
41．句意：我参与撰写的一篇新期刊文章本周发表，旨在研究甜味偏好与随和性之间的关联是否存在于不同文化中。为be a co-author of固定短语， "参与撰写" 此处构成介词+关系代词的结构，引导非限制性定语从句。故填of。
42．句意：为了解决这个问题，研究调查了1650名不同文化背景的参与者。 address "解决"，动词。句中surveyed为谓语动词，应用非谓语形式，此处表示"为了去解决问题"，应用不定式作目的状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填To address。
43．句意：研究发现，在所有样本中，随和性与两种不同的甜味偏好测量方法显著正相关。 significant "重要的"，形容词。此处与positively并列，作状语修饰connected，应用其副词significantly"显著地"，故填significantly。
44．句意：与不喜欢甜食的人相比，喜欢甜食的人更有可能"同情他人的感受"、"为他人抽出时间"、"心肠软"等等。 likely "可能的"，形容词。根据下文"sympathize with others' feelings", "take time out for others", "have a soft heart"可知喜欢甜食的人更有可能"同情他人的感受"、"为他人抽出时间"、"心肠软"，应用比较级more likely。故填more likely。
45．句意：因此，该研究的结果表明，不同文化背景的人根据理论框架，用甜味体验来理解和概念化一个人的内心温暖。 warm "温暖的"，形容词。此处作宾语，应用其名词warmth"温暖"，不可数。故填warmth。
46．【答案】例文
My Everyday Hero
Of all the people I encounter in my school, our security guard Uncle Wang, stands out with his unwavering smile that has brightened countless mornings for students like me.
One afternoon, I ran into him near the dormitory, while I was struggling with a heavy suitcase at the school gate. Although he was off duty, he approached me with his familiar smile without hesitation and carried it all the way to my dormitory. He performed it with such genuine joy and thoughtfulness, which lifted my entire day.
True greatness lives in warm-hearted dedication to others — even in the most ordinary jobs.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份写一篇短文投稿， 分享校园中感动或影响过你的人 。写作背景： 你校英文报开设了"My Everyday Hero"专栏。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1．人物简介；2．具体事例；3．对你的影响。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Of all the people I encounter in my school, our security guard Uncle Wang, stands out with his unwavering smile that has brightened countless mornings for students like me.运用了限制性定语从句；One afternoon, I ran into him near the dormitory, while I was struggling with a heavy suitcase at the school gate. 运用了时间状语从句；Although he was off duty, he approached me with his familiar smile without hesitation and carried it all the way to my dormitory. 运用了让步状语从句；He performed it with such genuine joy and thoughtfulness, which lifted my entire day.运用了非限制性定语从句。
47．【答案】One possible version:
I saw the boy waving something. Squinting through the rearview mirror, I realized it was my cell phone — its familiar case glinting in the dim streetlight. My heart skipped a beat, and I slowly pulled over, still on edge. He stopped his motorcycle beside me, holding out the phone with a gentle smile. "The old lady left this in my apartment building," he said softly. "I saw it was yours and rushed to catch up. Didn't mean to scare you." His words melted my panic, and I felt a rush of embarrassment for judging him so quickly.
I felt guilty and wanted to reward the boy. I fumbled in my wallet, but he shook his head firmly. "No need, ma'am. I just didn't want you to worry about your phone." His kindness made my cheeks burn. Instead, I asked for his name — Liam — and told him I'd bring him a homemade meal the next day. The next afternoon, I dropped off a plate of lasagna at his apartment. He thanked me with a big grin, and we chatted for a few minutes. That day, I learned never to judge someone by their appearance; sometimes, angels wear leather jackets and ride motorcycles.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写；故事阅读类
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，本文 讲述作者在炎热天气载了一位老年妇女，因去了陌生街区且遇到看似有威胁的年轻人而不安，离开后被其中一男孩骑摩托追赶，作者恐慌时发现手机被妇女错拿，后男孩归还手机，作者愧疚并想报答，也明白不能以貌取人。段落续写：①由第一段内容"我看见那个男孩正挥舞着什么东西。"可知，第一段可描写男孩挥舞着作者的手机追赶，停车后解释是老奶奶遗落让他归还，作者既安心又愧疚。②由第二段首句内容"我心怀愧疚，想报答这个男孩。"可知，第二段可描写作者愧疚想报答男孩遭拒，得知其名后送家常千层面，聊天中领悟不可以貌取人，平凡外表下或藏善意。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。【点评】该续写情节推进自然流畅，从发现手机、消除误会到主动回馈，情绪转换合情合理，完全契合原文的紧张氛围与反转逻辑。人物刻画生动有力，男孩的善良与"我"的偏见形成鲜明对比，结尾"天使穿皮夹克骑摩托车"一句点睛有力，升华了主题。整体语言简洁地道，细节真实，是一篇完成度很高的续写。文中有一些好的词句，例如：He stopped his motorcycle beside me, holding out the phone with a gentle smile. 运用了现在分词短语作状语；Instead, I asked for his name — Liam — and told him I'd bring him a homemade meal the next day. 运用了省略that的宾语从句。
1 / 12026届广东省华南师范大学附属中学高三综合测试（二）英语试题
Four 2025 Writing Competitions
Aurora Prize
This is a contest for outstanding poetry and short fiction. The first prize winner will get 500 and feedback on their entry from a literary editor, and a year's free membership of the Society of Authors. The second prize is 150, and the third prize is a ticket to the 2025 Writers' Conference. This year's judges are author Irenosen Okojie and poet Joelle Taylor. Entries must be original. Poems should be no longer than 60 lines, and short fiction up to 2, 000 words. The entry fee is 9 for the first entry and 7 for any subsequent entries. The closing date is 6 November.
SaveAs Writers Prize
This year's contest is for poetry and short story on the theme of "Facing the Storm". The contest commemorates the 250th anniversary of the birth of artist J. M.W. Turner. Enter short stories up to 3, 500 words and poems up to 60 lines. The prizes are 200, 100 and 50 in each category. Entries must be written by yourself. The entry fee is 4 per poem and 10 for three, and 5 per story and 12 for three. The closing date is 30 November.
Mslexia Prize
This year's category is novel. The first prize is 5, 000. The judges are Bernadine Evaristo, Olivia Maidment and Lucy Popescu. Finalists will receive feedback from professional editors. Enter the first 3, 000 words of your own work. Longlisted writers will be asked to produce the full manuscript. The entry fee is 3. All entrants must self-identify as a woman. The closing date is 22 November.
Paul Cave Prize
In honour of publisher Paul Astley Cave, who died in 2010, the competition invites original entries of: poetry up to 30 lines; micro-fiction no longer than 100 words; short stories up to 1, 000 words. The prizes are: 35 for best poetry; 25 for best micro-fiction and 75 for best short story. The entry fees are: 15 for one short story and 25 for two; 15 for up to three poems; 25 for up to eight micro-fictions. The closing date is 1 December.
1．Which of the following competitions were founded in memory of a person
A．Aurora Prize and Mslexia Prize.
B．Aurora Prize and Paul Cave Prize.
C．SaveAs Writers Prize and Mslexia Prize.
D．SaveAs Writers Prize and Paul Cave Prize.
2．For a young man who has written three short stories and wants to enter them with the least cost, which competition is the best choice
A．Aurora Prize. B．SaveAs Writers Prize.
C．Mslexia Prize. D．Paul Cave Prize.
3．What do the four competitions have in common
A．They all set a specific theme for the entries.
B．They all offer prizes only in the form of money.
C．They all accept submissions in both poetry and fiction.
D．They all set specific word count or line limit for entries.
【答案】1．D
2．B
3．D
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了2025年四个写作比赛的详细信息，目的是帮助有兴趣的写作者了解并选择适合自己的比赛。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．细节理解题。根据SaveAs Writers Prize部分中的"The contest commemorates the 250th anniversary of the birth of artist J. M.W. Turner."这次比赛是为了纪念艺术家 J. M. W. 特纳诞辰 250 周年而举办的；以及Paul Cave Prize部分中的"In honour of publisher Paul Astley Cave, who died in 2010, the competition invites original entries of: poetry up to 30 lines"为了纪念2010年去世的出版人保罗·阿斯特利·凯夫，比赛邀请原创作品参赛：30行以内的诗歌。可知，SaveAs Writers Prize和Paul Cave Prize这两个比赛是为了纪念某个人而设立的。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据Aurora Prize部分中的"The entry fee is 9 for the first entry and 7 for any subsequent entries."第一个作品参赛的报名费为9英镑，以后参赛的作品报名费为7英镑；SaveAs Writers Prize部分中的"The entry fee is 4 per poem and 10 for three, and 5 per story and 12 for three."每首诗的参赛费是4英镑，三首诗为10英镑；每篇故事的参赛费是5英镑，三篇故事为12英镑；Mslexia Prize部分中的"The entry fee is 3. All entrants must self-identify as a woman."参赛报名费为3英镑。所有参与者都必须自我表明自己是女性；以及Paul Cave Prize部分中的"The entry fees are: 15 for one short story and 25 for two; 15 for up to three poems; 25 for up to eight micro-fictions"参赛费如下：一篇短篇小说需支付15英镑，两篇则需支付25英镑；不超过三首诗需支付15英镑；不超过八篇微型小说需支付25英镑。可知，对于一个已经写了三篇短篇小说的年轻男士来说，想要以最低的成本参加比赛，SaveAs Writers Prize花费最少是最好的选择。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据Aurora Prize部分中的"Poems should be no longer than 60 lines, and short fiction up to 2, 000 words."诗歌应不超过60行，短篇小说不超过2000词；SaveAs Writers Prize部分中的"Enter short stories up to 3, 500 words and poems up to 60 lines."提交短篇小说字数不超过3500词，诗歌不超过60行；Mslexia Prize部分中的"Enter the first 3, 000 words of your own work."请提交您自己创作的前3000个词；以及Paul Cave Prize部分中"poetry up to 30 lines; micro-fiction no longer than 100 words; short stories up to 1, 000 words."诗歌篇幅不超过30行；微型小说字数不超过100个词；短篇小说字数不超过1000个词。可知，这四场竞赛的共同之处是：他们为所有参赛作品都设定了具体的字数或行数限制。故选D。
A few weeks ago, I called an Uber to take me to the Boston airport for a flight home for the holidays. As I slid into the back seat of the car, the warm intonations (语调) of the driver's accent washed over me in a familiar way.
I learned that he was a recent West African immigrant with a few young children, working hard to provide for his family. I could relate: I am the daughter of two Ethiopian immigrants who made their share of sacrifices to ensure my success. I told him I was on a college break and headed home to visit my parents. That's how he found out I go to Harvard. An approving eye glinted at me in the rearview window (后视镜), and quickly, we crossed the boundaries of rider and driver. I became his daughter, all grown up — the product of his sacrifice.
And then came the fateful question: "What do you study " I answered "history and literature" and the pride in his voice faded, as I knew it might. I didn't even get to add "and African-American studies" before he cut in, his voice thick with disappointment, "All that work to get into Harvard, and you study history "
Here I was, his daughter, squandering the biggest opportunity of her life. He went on to deliver the age-old lecture that all immigrant kids know. We are to become doctors (or lawyers, if our parents are being generous) — to make money and send money back home. The unspoken demand, made across generations which my Uber driver laid out plainly, is simple: Fulfill your role in the narrative of upward mobility so your children can do the same.
I used to feel anxious and backed into a corner by the questioning, but now as a junior in college, I'm grateful for their support more than anything. This holiday season, I've promised myself I won't huff and get annoyed at their inquiries. I won't defensively respond with "but I plan to go to law school" when I get unrequested advice. I'll just smile and nod, and enjoy the warmth of the occasion.
4．What disappointed the driver
A．The sacrifice of the author's parents.
B．The author's choice of major at college.
C．The author's casual attitude towards study.
D．The author's poor academic performance at Harvard.
5．Which word can replace the underlined word "squandering" in Paragraph 4
A．Wasting. B．Replacing. C．Valuing. D．Expecting.
6．Why are immigrant kids expected to become doctors or lawyers according to the passage
A．To gain higher social respect and recognition.
B．To fulfill the unachieved dreams of their parents.
C．To secure financial success and family advancement.
D．To gain easier access to top universities like Harvard.
7．What is the author's attitude towards the driver's questioning
A．Critical. B．Tolerant. C．Doubtful. D．Supportive.
【答案】4．B
5．A
6．C
7．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者作为西非和埃塞俄比亚移民后代，在乘坐Uber时与司机就学业选择产生的交流，反映出移民家庭普遍期望子女通过从事医生、律师等职业实现向上流动，而作者如今对家人的这类期望和支持有了更理解和感恩的态度，决定以微笑和点头回应家人的询问与建议，享受亲情温暖 。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读你，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
4．细节理解题。根据第三段"And then came the fateful question:‘What do you study ' I answered ‘history and literature' and the pride in his voice faded, as I knew it might. I didn't even get to add‘and African-American studies' before he cut in, his voice thick with disappointment,‘All that work to get into Harvard, and you study history '"然后出现了那个决定性的问题："你学的什么？"我回答说"历史和文学"，我听得出他声音中的自豪感消失了，正如我所预料的那样。我甚至还没来得及补充"还有非裔美国人研究"，他就打断了我，声音里充满了失望："为了进哈佛费那么大劲，你居然学历史？"可知，令这位司机感到失望的是作者学习的专业。故选B。
5．词义猜测题。根据第三段中的"his voice thick with disappointment,‘All that work to get into Harvard, and you study history '"他的声音里充满了失望："为了进哈佛费那么大劲，你居然学历史？"；以及第四段中的"He went on to deliver the age-old lecture that all immigrant kids know. We are to become doctors (or lawyers, if our parents are being generous) — to make money and send money back home."随后，他继续讲着所有移民家庭孩子都耳熟能详的"老生常谈"：我们这些移民后代，就该去当医生（要是父母放宽要求，当个律师也行）——赚钱养家，还要往老家寄钱。可知，司机认为移民后代应该学医、学法律等，而作者努力考上哈佛大学却选择学历史是在浪费这个机会，可推知划线单词所在句"Here I was, his daughter,squandering the biggest opportunity of her life."的意思是：在他看来，我这个 "女儿"，简直是在浪费人生中这难得的机遇。划线词squandering应是"浪费"之意。故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段中的"He went on to deliver the age-old lecture that all immigrant kids know. We are to become doctors (or lawyers, if our parents are being generous) — to make money and send money back home. The unspoken demand, made across generations which my Uber driver laid out plainly, is simple: Fulfill your role in the narrative of upward mobility so your children can do the same."他继续讲着所有移民孩子都知道的老生常谈。我们要成为医生（或者律师，如果我们的父母够慷慨的话）——赚钱并寄钱回家。我的Uber司机清楚地阐述了几代人的潜要求，很简单：在向上流动的故事中发挥你的作用，这样你的孩子也能这样做。可知，移民父母希望孩子成为医生或律师，目的是赚钱、寄钱回家，并且完成阶层向上流动的使命，让下一代也能如此。所以说移民孩子被期望成为医生或律师是为了从事高收入职业来获得经济上的成功，推动家族发展。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段"I used to feel anxious and backed into a corner by the questioning, but now as a junior in college, I'm grateful for their support more than anything. This holiday season, I've promised myself I won't huff and get annoyed at their inquiries. I won't defensively respond with ‘but I plan to go to law school' when I get unrequested advice. I'll just smile and nod, and enjoy the warmth of the occasion."以前，每次被问到这类问题，我都会满心焦虑，仿佛被逼到了墙角；但如今，作为一名大三学生，我心里更多的是对他们这份期许的感激。这个假期，我暗自下定决心：再听到这样的询问，我不会再烦躁地抱怨，也不会急着辩解 "我以后打算读法学院" 来回应这些主动送上的建议。我会笑着点点头，好好享受当下这份温情。可知，作者以前面对这类提问会感到焦虑，但现在作为大三学生，更多的是感激他们的支持，还决心不会再对这些询问感到烦躁，只会微笑点头。这体现出作者对司机的质疑持包容、体谅的态度。故选B。
My son just completed high school, and his departure for college marks a significant change for me. Among the things I'll miss most are his lessons in teenage slang (俚语), which has offered me an accidental and useful portrait of how he and his generation see the world．
The primary value of slang has been to create linguistic markers, a way to set you apart from other people. The terms change over time, but the meanings typically don't — one generation's "cool" becomes another's "dope."
Members of my son's generation have a vastly superior approach to slang. They have invented a language that responds to the new and distinct reality they face, a society characterized by collapsing institutions, erosions (削弱) in trust and a loss of faith in a shared sense of meaning．
"Mid," for example, in my son's usage, describes things that are average or slightly below. You can't really complain about them, but they produce no joy. Everything in Starbucks and airports falls into the category of "mid."
"Glazed" has a similarly impressive precision, indicating the act of positively spinning a judgment on reality rather than complete lying. It is the perfect description of the way social media works, with everything taking on an artificially positive, unreal and not entirely trustworthy look. For example, beach photos on social media might make a destination look like paradise, yet they rarely show the crowded shores or bad weather that are part of the reality．
My favorite slang word is "based," often used to express agreement when someone states a controversial opinion. "Canada should join the United States," one might say, to which someone else might reply, "Based." To my ear, "based" is a perfect word to describe the informational chaos we inhabit．
Slang has brought my son and me closer. It's taught me that the current crop of teenagers created a language to describe the flawed reality we've abandoned them to, and in doing so they've proved themselves less misguided and more innovative than we were．
8．What does teenage slang reveal about young people
A．Their need to fit in with peers.
B．Their desire to outdo older generations.
C．Their aim to challenge social norms.
D．Their response to the problematic reality.
9．Which comment on a crowded park reflects the underlined word "glazed"
A．"What a disaster!" B．"Not crowded at all."
C．"A wonderful getaway!" D．"At least we found a spot."
10．What is the author's attitude toward teenage slang
A．Objective. B．Critical. C．Appreciative. D．Doubtful.
11．What is a suitable title for the text
A．Teenagers' Fondness of Nonsense Words
B．Modern Slang Tells Us about Youth Culture
C．The Impact of Teen Slang on Social Relations
D．Teens Have Invented a Language for the World
【答案】8．D
9．C
10．C
11．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者儿子高中毕业即将上大学，其使用的青少年俚语让作者看到这代人对世界的看法，年轻一代创造的俚语并非无意义的随意用语，而是一套精准、深刻的语言工具，用来描述他们所继承的那个充满缺陷的现实——这恰恰证明他们比上一代人更有洞察力和创造力。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
8．细节理解题。根据第三段"Members of my son's generation have a vastly superior approach to slang. They have invented a language that responds to the new and distinct reality they face, a society characterized by collapsing institutions, erosions (削弱) in trust and a loss of faith in a shared sense of meaning."我儿子这一代的成员对俚语的处理方式要优越得多。他们发明了一种语言来回应他们所面临的新的和独特的现实，一个以机构崩溃、信任削弱和对共同意义失去信心为特征的社会。可知，青少年俚语揭示了年轻人对有问题的现实的反应。故选D。
9．推理判断题。根据第五段"‘Glazed' has a similarly impressive precision, indicating the act of positively spinning a judgment on reality rather than complete lying. It is the perfect description of the way social media works, with everything taking on an artificially positive, unreal and not entirely trustworthy look. For example, beach photos on social media might make a destination look like paradise, yet they rarely show the crowded shores or bad weather that are part of the reality.""Glazed"也有同样令人印象深刻的精确性，它表示对现实进行积极粉饰，而不是彻头彻尾地撒谎。这是对社交媒体工作方式的完美描述，一切都呈现出一种人为的积极、不真实和不完全可信的样子。例如，社交媒体上的海滩照片可能会让一个目的地看起来像天堂，但它们很少展示作为现实一部分的拥挤的海岸或恶劣的天气。可知，对一个拥挤的公园的评论"一次美妙的度假！"反映了"glazed"这个词的含义，即对现实做出积极判断的行为，而不是完全说谎。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段"Slang has brought my son and me closer. It's taught me that the current crop of teenagers created a language to describe the flawed reality we've abandoned them to, and in doing so they've proved themselves less misguided and more innovative than we were."俚语让我和儿子更亲近了。它让我明白，现在的这一代青少年创造了一种语言来描述我们抛弃给他们的有缺陷的现实，他们这样做证明了他们比我们更少被误导，更有创新精神。可知，作者对青少年俚语的态度是欣赏的。故选C。
11．标题归纳题。根据第一段"My son just completed high school, and his departure for college marks a significant change for me. Among the things I'll miss most are his lessons in teenage slang (俚语), which has offered me an accidental and useful portrait of how he and his generation see the world."我儿子刚高中毕业，他上大学对我来说是一个重大的变化。我最怀念的是他给我上的青少年俚语课，这让我意外而有用地了解了他和他这一代人如何看待这个世界；以及最后一段"Slang has brought my son and me closer. It's taught me that the current crop of teenagers created a language to describe the flawed reality we've abandoned them to, and in doing so they've proved themselves less misguided and more innovative than we were."俚语让我和儿子更亲近了。它让我明白，现在的这一代青少年创造了一种语言来描述我们抛弃给他们的有缺陷的现实，他们这样做证明了他们比我们更少被误导，更有创新精神；以及全文内容可知，本文讲述了青少年创造了一种语言来描述他们所面临的现实，作者认为这证明了他们比上一代人更少被误导，更有创新精神，"青少年为世界发明了一种语言"适合作本文标题。故选D。
A wheeled robot rolls across the floor. A soft-bodied robotic star bends its five legs, moving awkwardly. Powered by conventional electricity via plug or battery, these simple robotic creations would be unremarkable, but what sets these two robots apart is that they are controlled by a living entity (实体): a king oyster mushroom.
By growing the mushroom's mycelium (菌丝体) into the robot's hardware, a team led by Cornell University researchers has engineered two types of robots that sense and respond to the environment by using electrical signals made by the mushroom and its sensitivity to light.
The robots are the latest accomplishment of scientists in a field known as biohybrid robotics who seek to combine biological, living materials such as plant and animal cells or insects with artificial components to make partly living and partly engineered entities.
There's still a long way to go before biohybrid robots go beyond the lab, but researchers hope one day robot jellyfish may explore oceans, sperm-powered robots may be able to deliver fertility (生育) treatments and cyborg cockroaches could search for survivors in the wake of an earthquake.
"Biohybridization is an attempt to find components in the biological world that we can use, understand, and control to help our artificial systems work better," said Shepherd, a professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering at Cornell University.
The team began by growing king oyster mushrooms in the lab from a simple kit ordered online. The researchers chose this species of mushroom because it grows easily and quickly. They cultivated the mushroom's mycelium, which can form networks that, according to the study, can sense, communicate and transport nutrients.
The team found it challenging to engineer a system that could detect and use the small electrical signals from the mycelia to command the robot. "You have to make sure that your electrode (电极) touches in the right position because the mycelia are very thin," said lead author Anand Mishra. "Then you culture them, and when the mycelia start growing, they wrap around the electrode."
12．What is special about the two robots in the first paragraph
A．They can control living creatures.
B．They can make various movements.
C．They are powered by king oyster mushrooms.
D．They are partly mushroom and partly machine.
13．What does the author want to show by giving the examples in paragraph 4
A．The future possibilities of biohybrid robots.
B．The seriousness of the environmental issues.
C．The limitations of biohybrid robots beyond the lab.
D．The advantages of biohybrid robots over conventional ones.
14．What did the team find difficult when engineering the robots
A．Wrapping the electrode with the mycelia.
B．Arranging the electrode in the right order.
C．Developing a system to cultivate the mycelia.
D．Placing the electrode accurately on the mycelia.
15．Why do researchers develop biohybrid robots
A．To replace artificial systems entirely.
B．To create fully self-replicating organisms.
C．To reduce environmental impacts of robots.
D．To integrate biological advantages into machines.
【答案】12．D
13．A
14．D
15．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了康奈尔大学团队利用蘑菇菌丝体的生物电信号来控制机器人的最新成果，属于生物混合机器人（biohybrid robotics）领域的前沿探索。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Powered by conventional electricity via plug or battery, these simple robotic creations would be unremarkable, but what sets these two robots apart is that they are controlled by a living entity(实体): a king oyster mushroom."若是依靠插座充电或电池供电的传统电力驱动，这些简易的机器人本不足为奇，但这两款机器人的特别之处在于，它们的操控者是一个活体生物——杏鲍菇；第二段中的"By growing the mushroom's mycelium(菌丝体) into the robot's hardware"通过将杏鲍菇的菌丝体植入机器人硬件；以及第三段"The robots are the latest accomplishment of scientists in a field known as biohybrid robotics who seek to combine biological, living materials such as plant and animal cells or insects with artificial components to make partly living and partly engineered entities."这两款机器人是生物混合机器人学领域科学家的最新研究成果。该学科致力于将动植物细胞、昆虫等生物活体材料与人工组件相结合，打造出半活体、半人工的合成实体。可知，这两个机器人的特别之处在于它们由活体——杏鲍菇控制，属于部分生物、部分机器的混合体。故选D。
13．推理判断题。根据第四段"There's still a long way to go before biohybrid robots go beyond the lab, but researchers hope one day robot jellyfish may explore oceans, sperm-powered robots may be able to deliver fertility (生育) treatments and cyborg cockroaches could search for survivors in the wake of an earthquake."生物混合机器人要走出实验室、实现广泛应用，还有很长的路要走。但研究人员期待未来有一天，机器水母能遨游海洋开展探索，精子驱动机器人可助力不孕不育治疗，半机械蟑螂能在地震过后搜寻幸存者。可知，作者先提到生物混合机器人离走出实验室实现广泛应用还有距离，随后列举了未来应用的例子（如机器人水母探索海洋、精子动力机器人提供生育治疗等），旨在展示生物混合机器人的未来应用前景和可能性。故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据最后一段"The team found it challenging to engineer a system that could detect and use the small electrical signals from the mycelia to command the robot. ‘You have to make sure that your electrode(电极) touches in the right position because the mycelia are very thin,' said lead author Anand Mishra. ‘Then you culture them, and when the mycelia start growing, they wrap around the electrode.'"(团队在设计系统时遇到了一大挑战：如何检测并利用菌丝体产生的微弱电信号来操控机器人。该研究的第一作者阿南德 米什拉表示："你必须确保电极放置的位置精准无误，因为菌丝体十分纤细。接下来进行培养，当菌丝体开始生长时，就会将电极包裹起来。"可知，研究团队在将电极精准放置在细薄的菌丝体上以检测电信号时遇到了困难，即他们遇到的难题是精准将电极放置在菌丝体上。故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据第五段中的"Biohybridization is an attempt to find components in the biological world that we can use, understand, and control to help our artificial systems work better. "生物混合技术，就是试图从生物界寻找可用、可理解且可操控的组件，以此助力人工系统更高效地运转。指出生物混合的目的是利用生物世界的组件，帮助人工系统更好地工作，利用生物材料的优势（如感知能力）提升机器性能，即把生物优势整合到机器中。故选D。
Experiencing bad dreams every night can be horrifying for anybody. Bad dreams can disturb the sleep and make a person feel stressed throughout the next day. 　16． 　
Before knowing how to get rid of bad dreams, we need to understand what can result in them. Researches have shown that when a person is under some sort of physical or mental stress, he is more likely to get bad dreams and disturbed sleep. 　17． 　 For instance, if you're overworked, learn to take things slow. Don't be ambitious to the point that it starts affecting your health.
Besides, some trauma (损伤) that a person might have experienced recently or in the past which they're unable to get over can make the person suffer from bad dreams. Death of a very close family member is often seen to be the reason behind recurrent nightmares.　18． 　
Eating fatty and high-protein foods in dinner is also known to cause bad dreams in some people. 　19． 　 Taking a light dinner of soups and salad is the best, both for the health and for stopping disturbed sleep in some cases.
Besides these, there are many other things a person can do to have a good night's sleep. For example, your bedroom should be the most comfortable place in the world. It's advisable to get rid of all electronic gadgets including television. 　20． 　 So, from now on try to be a happy and positive person.
A. Almost everyone has this experience.
B. Take proper exercises and this might help you.
C. Bad dreams occurring because of these reasons can be stopped if the diet is changed.
D. That's why one should take steps to stop them as soon as they become an everyday occurrence.
E. In such a case, taking therapy and dealing with the trauma is the only solution to stop bad dreams.
F. In addition, if you have negative thoughts, it can have side effects on the kind of dreams you have.
G. So, to stop bad dreams, it's necessary to find out the causes of physical and mental stress in your life.
【答案】16．D；17．G；18．E；19．C；20．F
【知识点】说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了噩梦主要由压力、创伤和不良饮食引起，通过减压、调饮食、优环境、正心态，可以有效减少噩梦、改善睡眠。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇科普类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"Experiencing bad dreams every night can be horrifying for anybody. Bad dreams can disturb the sleep and make a person feel stressed throughout the next day"每晚做噩梦对任何人来说都是可怕的，噩梦会扰乱睡眠，让人在第二天感到压力。说明了噩梦的危害；以及空后"Before knowing how to get rid of bad dreams, we need to understand what can result in them."在了解如何摆脱噩梦之前，我们需要了解是什么导致了噩梦。提到应对之法。 D. That's why one should take steps to stop them as soon as they become an everyday occurrence. "所以一旦噩梦变成日常，就该采取措施阻止它们"衔接上文的"噩梦危害"，引出下文的"应对方法"，符合语境。故选D。
17．根据空前"Researches have shown that when a person is under some sort of physical or mental stress, he is more likely to get bad dreams and disturbed sleep."研究表明，当人处于某种身体或精神压力下时，他更容易做噩梦和睡眠紊乱。指出压力是噩梦的成因之一；以及空后"For instance, if you're overworked, learn to take things slow. "比如，如果你工作过度，要学会放慢节奏。是缓解压力的具体建议。G. So, to stop bad dreams, it's necessary to find out the causes of physical and mental stress in your life."因此，要停止噩梦，需找出生活中身心压力的成因"承接上文的"压力成因"，引出下文的"缓解建议"，符合语境。故选G。
18．根据空前"Besides, some trauma (损伤) that a person might have experienced recently or in the past which they're unable to get over can make the person suffer from bad dreams. Death of a very close family member is often seen to be the reason behind recurrent nightmares."此外，一个人最近或过去可能经历过的一些无法克服的创伤，这会让人做噩梦。亲人离世通常是反复噩梦的原因。指出创伤是噩梦的成因，E. In such a case, taking therapy and dealing with the trauma is the only solution to stop bad dreams."这种情况下，接受治疗、处理创伤是停止噩梦的唯一办法"，符合语境。故选E。
19．根据空前"Eating fatty and high-protein foods in dinner is also known to cause bad dreams in some people. "晚餐吃高脂高蛋白食物也会导致一些人作噩梦。指出饮食是噩梦的成因；以及空后"Taking a light dinner of soups and salad is the best, both for the health and for stopping disturbed sleep in some cases."晚餐吃清淡的汤和沙拉是最好的，既对健康有益，在某些情况下也能防止睡眠受到干扰。是饮食调整建议。 C. Bad dreams occurring because of these reasons can be stopped if the diet is changed. "因这些原因产生的噩梦可通过改变饮食来停止"承上启下，符合语境。故选C。
20．根据空后"So, from now on try to be a happy and positive person."所以，从现在起要做快乐积极的人。提出要保持积极的心态。F. In addition, if you have negative thoughts, it can have side effects on the kind of dreams you have."此外，如果你有消极想法，它会对你所做的梦产生副作用"说明消极想法对梦境的影响，与下文的"积极心态的建议"形成因果关联，符合语境。故选F。
I was 11 when I asked my mum for piano lessons. We were in an economic crisis and she'd recently been 21． off. She said a polite "no". That didn't 22． me. I drew a keyboard onto a piece of paper and stuck it on my desk. I would 23． notes on an online keyboard and "play" them back on my paper one — keeping the sound they made on the computer in my head. I spent six months playing without touching a real piano. As my mum found I was 24． about it, she bought me 10 lessons with borrowed money.
I still remember the first one. I was 25． by how organic the sound of the piano was, as I had become familiar with the 26． electronic sounds. The teacher was trying to explain where middle C was, but I could already play all the major and minor scales. After eight lessons, I 27． my grade one and got distinction. By the time I started secondary school, we couldn't afford lessons again, so I returned to my paper keyboard. I passed grade three, then grade five, practicing only on my piece of paper.
For the grades above that, there is an 28． that you add a certain sensitivity into your playing. The music teacher at my school said I could practice on the school's grand piano. I would wake up at 5:30 am to get there in time and play until lessons started. I'd 29． lunch and practice after school until the caretaker kicked me out. At home, I'd have dinner, do three hours of revision, and then 30． practice until 1:00 am.
My school didn't offer music A-level. I found the Purcell School for young musicians. The audition was extremely 31． , and I felt overwhelmed. To my amazement, I was offered a 32． . I had been told I had started playing too late to reach conservatoire level, but when I left Purcell, I was awarded the senior piano prize. That was the point when I realized I wasn't behind everyone else. I am now at the Guildhall School in London, where I was offered a scholarship. I feel proud: it's been 10 years since I drew my paper piano and I'm at one of the world's 33． conservatoires. The irony is that I continue to do a lot of my practice away from the piano what we call mental practice. It 34． key areas of the mind that are less readily accessed by piano playing alone. The paper piano helped stimulate my 35． about how music works.
21．A．laid B．pushed C．dropped D．knocked
22．A．annoy B．bother C．embarrass D．discourage
23．A．take B．sign C．click D．compose
24．A．serious B．careful C．hesitant D．nervous
25．A．struck B．puzzled C．comforted D．inspired
26．A．natural B．artificial C．practical D．magical
27．A．sat B．joined C．failed D．repeated
28．A．attitude B．expectation C．opinion D．opportunity
29．A．avoid B．miss C．save D．skip
30．A．social B．mental C．mechanical D．physical
31．A．fascinating B．motivating C．frightening D．challenging
32．A．course B．reward C．place D．certificate
33．A．grand B．strict C．leading D．expensive
34．A．builds B．covers C．defines D．unlocks
35．A．prediction B．memory C．curiosity D．imagination
【答案】21．A；22．D；23．C；24．A；25．A；26．B；27．A；28．B；29．D；30．B；31．D；32．C；33．C；34．D；35．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者从"纸钢琴"到世界顶级音乐学院的真实经历，说明真正的热爱和坚持可以打破一切条件限制——经济困难、起步太晚、资源匮乏，都无法阻挡一个有决心的人。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：我们正处于经济危机中，她最近被解雇了。A：laid"放"；B：pushed"推"；C：dropped "掉落"；D：knocked" 敲击 "。根据空前"We were in an economic crisis"；以及空后"off"可知，此处指妈妈失业， be laid off是固定短语，"被解雇"，故选A。
22．句意：那并没有让我气馁。A：annoy"使恼怒"；B：bother"打扰"；C：embarrass" 使尴尬 "；D：discourage" 使气馁 "。根据上文"She said a polite ‘no'."她礼貌地说了声"不"；以及下文"I drew a keyboard onto a piece of paper and stuck it on my desk." 我在一张纸上画了一个键盘，然后把它贴在了我的桌子上。可知，妈妈的拒绝没有让作者放弃或是灰心气馁，故选D。
23．句意：我会在在线键盘上点击音符，然后在我的纸键盘上"弹奏"出来。A：take"拿"；B：sign"签名"；C：click"点击"；D：compose " 创作 "。根据空后"notes on an online keyboard"；以及"the sound they made on the computer"可知，此处指在电子键盘上点击操作，故选C。
24．句意：因为妈妈发现我对这件事是认真的，她借钱给我报了10节钢琴课。A：serious"认真的"；B：careful"仔细的"；C：hesitant"犹豫的"；D：nervous " 紧张的 "。根据上文"I spent six months playing without touching a real piano."我六个月没碰过真正的钢琴了。可知，作者是认真对待钢琴的，故选A。
25．句意：我被钢琴自然的声音打动了，因为我之前熟悉的是人造的电子音。A：struck"打动"；B：puzzled"使困惑"；C：comforted"安慰"；D：inspired " 启发 "。根据空后"by how organic the sound of the piano was"；以及"electronic sounds"可知，作者被真实钢琴的声音触动，be struck by固定短语，"被……打动"，故选A。
26．句意：我被钢琴自然的声音打动了，因为我之前熟悉的是人造的电子音。A：natural"自然的"；B：artificial"人造的"；C：practical"实用的"；D：magical " 神奇的 "。根据空前"how organic the sound of the piano was"；以及空后"electronic sounds"可知，相较于真钢琴的自然声音，电子音是人造的，故选B。
27．句意：上了八节课后，我参加了一级考试并取得了优异成绩。A：sat"坐，参加"；B：joined"加入"；C：failed"失败"；D：repeated " 重复 "。根据空后"got distinction"可知，此处指参加考试，故选A。
28．句意：对于更高等级的考试，有一个要求是你要在演奏中加入一定的敏感度。A：attitude"态度"；B：expectation"期望"；C：opinion"观点"；D：opportunity " 机会 "。根据空前"For the grades above that"；以及空后"you add a certain sensitivity into your playing"可知，这是高等级考试的要求，故选B。
29．句意：我会不吃午饭，放学后练习直到管理员把我赶出去。A：avoid"避免"；B：miss"错过"；C：save"节省"；D：skip " 跳过 "。根据空后"practice after school until the caretaker kicked me out"可知，作者为了练琴午饭不吃了。故选D。
30．句意：在家，我吃完晚饭，复习三个小时，然后进行心理练习直到凌晨1点。A：social"社交的"；B：mental"心理的"；C：mechanical"机械的"；D：physical " 身体的 "。根据下文" The irony is that I continue to do a lot of my practice away from the piano what we call mental practice. "具有讽刺意味的是，我仍然在钢琴之外进行大量的练习，我们称之为"心理练习"。可知，此处指不借助钢琴的心理练习，故选B。
31．句意：试镜极具挑战性，我感到不知所措。A：fascinating"迷人的"；B：motivating"激励的"；C：frightening"可怕的"；D：challenging " 有挑战性的 "。根据空后"and I felt overwhelmed" 可知，试镜难度大，故选D。
32．句意：令我惊讶的是，我获得了一个名额。A：course"课程"；B：reward"奖励"；C：place "名额"；D：certificate " 证书 "。根据下文"I had been told I had started playing too late to reach conservatoire level, but when I left Purcell, I was awarded the senior piano prize."有人告诉我，我起步太晚，无法达到音乐学院的水平，但当我离开普赛尔学院时，我获得了高级钢琴奖。可知，作者成功获得了学校的入学名额，故选C。
33．句意：如今我在伦敦的Guildhall学院，这里给了我奖学金。我感到自豪：从我画纸钢琴到现在已经10年了，而我如今在世界顶尖的音乐学院之一。A：grand"宏伟的"；B：strict"严格的"；C：leading"顶尖的"；D：expensive " 昂贵的 "。根据上文" I am now at the Guildhall School in London, where I was offered a scholarship."我现在在伦敦的 the Guildhall School 学校，学校为我提供了奖学金；空前"one of the world's"；以及空后"conservatoires"可知，此处指顶尖的学院，故选C。
34．句意：它解锁了仅靠弹钢琴难以触及的大脑关键区域。A：builds"建立"；B：covers"覆盖，包含"；C：defines"定义"；D：unlocks " 解锁，打开 "。根据空后"key areas of the mind that are less readily accessed by piano playing alone"可知，心理练习能打开这些区域，unlocks符合语境。故选D。
35．句意：纸钢琴激发了我对音乐运作方式的好奇心。A：prediction"预测"；B：memory"记忆"；C：curiosity"好奇心"；D：imagination" 想象 "。根据空前"stimulate"；以及空后"about how music works"可知，纸钢琴的练习让作者对音乐产生了好奇，故选C。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Research has shown that a preference for sweet foods is associated　36． 　 a kinder, more agreeable personality. The association can be seen in the language　37． 　 (use) to describe people who are nice or whom we love in some culture, such as "sweet", "sweetie", or "honey".
These links can　38． 　 (explain) based on the conceptual metaphor theory and the center of　39． 　is that metaphors compare abstract concepts to more concrete fields to help understanding. In the theory, metaphoric mappings are cognitive association, often learned through experience or a process of embodiment (具象化),　40． 　 eventually allows people to think about or represent abstract concepts in terms that are more readily perceptible(可感知的), such as taste.
A new journal article published this week,　41． 　 which I am a co-author, aimed to examine whether the association between sweet taste preferences and agreeableness occurs across cultures.　42． 　 (address) this question, the study surveyed 1,650 participants of different cultural backgrounds.
The study found that agreeableness was　43． 　 (significant) and positively connected with the two different measures of sweet taste preferences in all pared with ones without a sweet tooth, people who like sweet foods are　44． 　 (likely) to "sympathize with others' feelings", "take time out for others", "have a soft heart", and so on. Therefore, the study's results suggest that people across cultures use sweet taste experiences to understand and conceptualize a person's inner　45． 　 (warm) in line with theory framework.
【答案】36．with；37．used；38．be explained；39．it；40．which；41．of；42．To address；43．significantly；44．more likely；45．warmth
【知识点】说明文；科普类；it；of；significantly；used；warmth；which；with
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项跨文化研究，证实了"爱吃甜食的人性格更友善"这一关联在全球范围内普遍存在。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及介词，非谓语动词，语态，代词，定语从句，副词，形容词，名词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：研究表明，对甜食的偏好与更友善、更随和的性格有关。be associated with固定短语，"与……有关"，故填with。
37．句意：在一些文化中，这种联系可以在用来描述善良或我们爱的人的语言中看到，比如"sweet"、 "sweetie"或"honey"。 use "使用"，动词。句中can be seen为句中谓语，此处应用非谓语形式，且与逻辑主语language构成动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填used。
38．句意：这些联系可以根据概念隐喻理论来解释，其核心是将抽象概念与更具体的领域进行比较，以帮助理解。 explain "解释"是谓语动词，与主语 These links 构成被动关系，且can后跟动词原形。故填be explained。
39．句意：这些联系可以根据概念隐喻理论来解释，其核心是将抽象概念与更具体的领域进行比较，以帮助理解。 此处使用代词作宾语，指代上文提到的conceptual metaphor theory，应用代词it。故填it。
40．句意：在隐喻映射理论中，隐喻映射是一种认知联想，通常是通过经验或具象化过程习得的，这最终使人们能够用更容易感知的术语来思考或表示抽象概念，比如味道。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词cognitive association，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
41．句意：我参与撰写的一篇新期刊文章本周发表，旨在研究甜味偏好与随和性之间的关联是否存在于不同文化中。为be a co-author of固定短语， "参与撰写" 此处构成介词+关系代词的结构，引导非限制性定语从句。故填of。
42．句意：为了解决这个问题，研究调查了1650名不同文化背景的参与者。 address "解决"，动词。句中surveyed为谓语动词，应用非谓语形式，此处表示"为了去解决问题"，应用不定式作目的状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填To address。
43．句意：研究发现，在所有样本中，随和性与两种不同的甜味偏好测量方法显著正相关。 significant "重要的"，形容词。此处与positively并列，作状语修饰connected，应用其副词significantly"显著地"，故填significantly。
44．句意：与不喜欢甜食的人相比，喜欢甜食的人更有可能"同情他人的感受"、"为他人抽出时间"、"心肠软"等等。 likely "可能的"，形容词。根据下文"sympathize with others' feelings", "take time out for others", "have a soft heart"可知喜欢甜食的人更有可能"同情他人的感受"、"为他人抽出时间"、"心肠软"，应用比较级more likely。故填more likely。
45．句意：因此，该研究的结果表明，不同文化背景的人根据理论框架，用甜味体验来理解和概念化一个人的内心温暖。 warm "温暖的"，形容词。此处作宾语，应用其名词warmth"温暖"，不可数。故填warmth。
46．假定你是李华，你校英文报开设了"My Everyday Hero"专栏，请你写一篇短文投稿，分享校园中感动或影响过你的人。内容包括：
1．人物简介；
2．具体事例；
3．对你的影响。
注意：
1．写作词数80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Everyday Hero
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
My Everyday Hero
Of all the people I encounter in my school, our security guard Uncle Wang, stands out with his unwavering smile that has brightened countless mornings for students like me.
One afternoon, I ran into him near the dormitory, while I was struggling with a heavy suitcase at the school gate. Although he was off duty, he approached me with his familiar smile without hesitation and carried it all the way to my dormitory. He performed it with such genuine joy and thoughtfulness, which lifted my entire day.
True greatness lives in warm-hearted dedication to others — even in the most ordinary jobs.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份写一篇短文投稿， 分享校园中感动或影响过你的人 。写作背景： 你校英文报开设了"My Everyday Hero"专栏。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1．人物简介；2．具体事例；3．对你的影响。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Of all the people I encounter in my school, our security guard Uncle Wang, stands out with his unwavering smile that has brightened countless mornings for students like me.运用了限制性定语从句；One afternoon, I ran into him near the dormitory, while I was struggling with a heavy suitcase at the school gate. 运用了时间状语从句；Although he was off duty, he approached me with his familiar smile without hesitation and carried it all the way to my dormitory. 运用了让步状语从句；He performed it with such genuine joy and thoughtfulness, which lifted my entire day.运用了非限制性定语从句。
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
An Unexpected Angel
In the extreme heat, I watched an elderly woman struggle with bags of groceries. Slowing down, I opened the window and called out, "Need a ride " I helped her into the passenger seat, and we were off.
She directed me to go farther south. Suddenly, I realized we were on the "wrong side of town." It was starting to get dark, and I began to feel uneasy. We continued down unfamiliar streets until she finally pointed to an old apartment building. The street was dirty and the air was smelly. Several young men gathered around the entrance. They appeared threatening. Some were on motorcycles, and one boy with bushy, long hair was staring at me intently (目不转睛地) — too intently — and smiling.
I was getting more and more uncomfortable. I stopped the car. A couple of the guys helped with the groceries. The old lady thanked me, and I drove away as fast as I could.
I was driving when I was interrupted by a motorcycle behind me. It was that boy who kept smiling at me with a strange look! In a panic, I slowed down, hoping he would pass me. But he continued to drive at the same speed as me. I realized he was waving for me to stop.
No way was I going to stop for a stranger on an unfamiliar street. I tried to speed away, but it didn't stop him. He raced after me again. Getting increasingly anxious, I reached down in the passenger seat to get my cell phone. I had to call 911.
With my eyes on the road, one hand on the wheel and the other hand searching on the seat next to me, I found a phone. But it wasn't mine. "Oh no, the lady took my phone by mistake!" Meanwhile, the guy on the bike stayed close to me.
注意：(1)续写词数应为150个左右；
(2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
I saw the boy waving something.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I felt guilty and wanted to reward the boy.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
I saw the boy waving something. Squinting through the rearview mirror, I realized it was my cell phone — its familiar case glinting in the dim streetlight. My heart skipped a beat, and I slowly pulled over, still on edge. He stopped his motorcycle beside me, holding out the phone with a gentle smile. "The old lady left this in my apartment building," he said softly. "I saw it was yours and rushed to catch up. Didn't mean to scare you." His words melted my panic, and I felt a rush of embarrassment for judging him so quickly.
I felt guilty and wanted to reward the boy. I fumbled in my wallet, but he shook his head firmly. "No need, ma'am. I just didn't want you to worry about your phone." His kindness made my cheeks burn. Instead, I asked for his name — Liam — and told him I'd bring him a homemade meal the next day. The next afternoon, I dropped off a plate of lasagna at his apartment. He thanked me with a big grin, and we chatted for a few minutes. That day, I learned never to judge someone by their appearance; sometimes, angels wear leather jackets and ride motorcycles.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写；故事阅读类
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，本文 讲述作者在炎热天气载了一位老年妇女，因去了陌生街区且遇到看似有威胁的年轻人而不安，离开后被其中一男孩骑摩托追赶，作者恐慌时发现手机被妇女错拿，后男孩归还手机，作者愧疚并想报答，也明白不能以貌取人。段落续写：①由第一段内容"我看见那个男孩正挥舞着什么东西。"可知，第一段可描写男孩挥舞着作者的手机追赶，停车后解释是老奶奶遗落让他归还，作者既安心又愧疚。②由第二段首句内容"我心怀愧疚，想报答这个男孩。"可知，第二段可描写作者愧疚想报答男孩遭拒，得知其名后送家常千层面，聊天中领悟不可以貌取人，平凡外表下或藏善意。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。【点评】该续写情节推进自然流畅，从发现手机、消除误会到主动回馈，情绪转换合情合理，完全契合原文的紧张氛围与反转逻辑。人物刻画生动有力，男孩的善良与"我"的偏见形成鲜明对比，结尾"天使穿皮夹克骑摩托车"一句点睛有力，升华了主题。整体语言简洁地道，细节真实，是一篇完成度很高的续写。文中有一些好的词句，例如：He stopped his motorcycle beside me, holding out the phone with a gentle smile. 运用了现在分词短语作状语；Instead, I asked for his name — Liam — and told him I'd bring him a homemade meal the next day. 运用了省略that的宾语从句。
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