资源简介

1．assist v．协助，帮助
①(2024·全国甲卷)I was very impressed by the doctors and their __________(assistant) working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned．
②Shocked and dumb，he was rooted to the ground for seconds，and then fortunately，his father heard the shout in time to come to his __________(assist)．
③We're looking for volunteers who would be willing to assist us ____ the group's work．
④The competition aims to highlight the students' practical cooking skills and assist them ______ (get) into healthy eating habits．
　应用文写作之建议信
作为对你上封信的回复，我相信我会通过帮助你纠正发音来帮助你提高英语口语。
In response to your last letter，I'm convinced that I ___________________________________________________________________________________________________．
◎assist sb．to do/in doing sth．帮助某人做某事
assist sb．with sth．帮助某人某事
◎assistance n．帮助，援助
come to one's assistance援助某人
with the assistance of sb．＝with sb．'s assistance 在某人的帮助下
◎assistant n．助手，助理
◎With the assistance of their father/With their father assisting them/With their father's assistance，the twins made it，their faces brimming with happy smiles．
在他们的爸爸的帮助下，这对双胞胎成功了，脸上洋溢着快乐的笑容。
2．vital adj．极其重要的
①Agriculture is of vital importance __ the nation's economy and the people's livelihood．
②Painful experiences are in fact vital ______ our development and how we face the unavoidable challenges ahead．
③(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)If you want to be published，it's vital _________ (submit) a perfect，professionally presented manuscript (原稿)．
　一句多译
为了保持健康，均衡的饮食对于我们来说至关重要。
①__________________________________________ in order to keep healthy． (it's vital to do...)
②___________________________________________________ in order to keep healthy．(it's vital that...)
③_________________________________________________ in order to keep healthy． (it's of vital importance...)
◎be vital to/for...对……极其重要
It is vital to do sth．做某事很重要。
be of vital importance/significance to...对……至关重要
It is vital that...(should) do sth．做某事很重要。
◎The ocean plays a key role in our world，so it is vital that we should take action right now to stop pollution and try our best to protect the ocean．
海洋在我们的世界中起着重要作用，所以我们现在就应该采取行动来阻止污染，并尽我们最大的努力保护海洋。
3．relieve v．给(某人)换班；减轻；缓解；接替
①The guard will ___________ (relieve) at midnight．
②The new secretary will relieve us __ some of the paperwork．
③To my ______ (relieve)，the missing boy returned ten days later，tired but healthy．
④She set the creature down，and felt quite ________ (relieve) to see it run into the wood．
　应用文写作之活动介绍
①长跑很令人放松，而且能缓解我们的学习压力。
Long-distance running is really relaxing and enables us to ______________________________．
②这次他紧紧抓住绳子，双手因如释重负而微微颤抖，庆幸自己找到了绳子。
His hands trembled ___________ as he held the string tightly this time，grateful that he had found it．
◎relieve sb． of 帮助某人减轻……
relieve stress/pain/anxiety...缓解精神压力/疼痛/焦虑……
◎relief n．减轻；缓解；宽慰
with relief 宽慰地；如释重负地
to one's relief 令某人感到欣慰的是
a sigh of relief 松了一口气
◎relieved adj．放心的；宽慰的
◎The man froze for a second，but when he saw the skinny boy，he breathed a sigh of relief．
那人一动不动地站了一会儿，但当他看到那个瘦骨嶙峋的男孩时，他松了一口气。
4．rewarding adj．值得做的，有意义的
①(2023·全国甲卷)A day's work was rewarded ____ ￡5 in pocket money．
②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a _________ (reward) experience．
③This is the first time that people are being rewarded ___ protecting the environment．
　读后续写之情感升华
帮助别人是一种有益的经历，我希望那些被别人帮助的人也能以他们的善良回报别人。
Helping others is ______________________，and I hope that those helped by others can also _________________________________．
◎as a reward for...作为……的报酬/奖赏
in reward for...作为……的奖励/酬谢
◎reward sb．(with...)for sth．因为某事而(用……)酬谢某人
◎We are aware that we should study harder in reward for/as a reward for the patient instructions of our parents and teachers．
我们意识到我们必须更加努力学习，以回报老师和父母的耐心教导。
5．influential adj．有影响力的
①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)For well over a hundred years the most ___________ (influence) English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755．
②Through the course of my schooling，I met many teachers，two of whom influenced me _____ (be) what I am today．
③_____ the influence of my physics teacher，I have become increasingly interested in physics．
　应用文写作之人物介绍
孔子是中国历史上最具影响力的思想家和教育家之一。在中国现代社会中其影响仍然可见。
Confucius is ___________________________ thinkers and educators，_______________ can be seen in contemporary Chinese society．
◎be influential in (doing) sth．对(做)某事有影响
◎influence v．影响，对……起作用 n．影响，作用
influence sb．to do...影响某人做……
have an influence on/upon对……有影响
under the influence of sb．/under sb．'s influence在某人的影响下
◎The social media has become an influential platform for spreading information．
社交媒体已经成为传播信息的一个有影响力的平台。
6．put...at risk 把……置于危险之中
①In spite of his own safety，the soldier jumped into the river and saved the girl at the risk of ______ (lose) his life．
②It is easier to avoid a discussion，but risking _______(talk) about it may eventually lead to a better outcome．
③It is reported that even people who sit for extended periods but regularly hit the gym are __ risk．
④Take _ risk，and you may lose again，but you have improved your chances to win．
　读后续写之主旨升华
当我回忆起那次经历时，我明白了我永远不应该把自己置于危险之中。
As I recalled that experience，it dawned on me that I should never __________________．
◎at risk 有危险，处于危险中
take risks/a risk 冒险
at the risk of doing...冒着做……的风险
run the risk of...冒着……的风险
◎risk doing sth．冒险做某事
◎(2024·北京卷)That dream reminded me that those fears and desires could encourage me to take risks and make experiments．
那个梦提醒我，那些恐惧和欲望可能会鼓励我冒险和做实验。
7．[教材原句]It's exactly one month since the last reported case．(It＋be＋一段时间＋since...)
距离发现上一个报告病例已经整整一个月了。
①(2024·浙江1月卷)As it has been many years since I last ____ (use) one，I should hardly be surprised that there are no longer any public telephones near my house．
②—It's a long time since I saw you last time．
—Yes，and what a pity！It will be a long time ______ we see each other again．
③It was already midnight ____ my father returned home from his office last night．
④It ___________ (be) two weeks since you came to our school for the exchange program，which has been of great benefit to all of us．
　应用文之邀请信/感谢信
虽然你已经有一年多不教我们英语了，但我们非常想念你，想念和你在一起的那些快乐时刻。
While __________________________________ you didn't teach us English，we've missed you a lot，thinking about those happy moments when we stayed with you．
◎“It＋be＋一段时间＋since...”意为“自从……已有多长时间了”。主句谓语为is或has been时，since从句用一般过去时；主句谓语为was时，since从句用过去完成时。
◎“It was/will be＋一段时间＋before...”意为“多久之后才……”。
◎“It＋be＋时间点＋when从句(时间状语从句)”意为“当……发生时，时间是……” 。
◎It has been two months since you left China，and we all miss you very much and hope you will recover soon．
你离开中国已经两个月了，我们都非常想念你，希望你早日康复。
8．[教材原句] It is not the first time the author has worked with MSF．(It be the first/second... time＋that...)
这不是作者第一次与无国界医生合作。
①It was not the first time that China __________ (fight) against the Delta variant (德尔塔毒株)．
②This is the third time that the boy _________ (ask) his teacher the same question．
　应用文写作之活动介绍
①那是我第一次参加交换生项目。那次经历不仅让我开阔了眼界，而且增强了我的信心。
_____________________________________________________________________________，which not only broadened my view but also strengthened my confidence．
②现在是我们重视并积极参加体育课的时候了。
It's high time that __________________________________________________________________________________ PE classes．
◎“It/This/That be the first/second... time＋that...”句型，意为“这/那是某人第一/二……次做某事”，主句谓语为is时，that从句用现在完成时；主句谓语为was时，that从句用过去完成时。
◎It's time (for sb．) to do sth． 该是某人做某事的时候了。
◎It's high time that sb． did/should do sth． 是某人做某事的时候了。
◎My heart begins to race as this is the first time that I have come up with the idea to help a stranger．
我的心开始狂跳，因为这是我第一次想出帮助一个陌生人的主意。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．Cloning may greatly contribute to human medicine，but we must use it cautiously，because it may put people __ risk．
2．It is already three years _____ he left the company，and now he still can't find a job．
3．Understanding history is vital ______ understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation．
4．(2024·北京卷)The approval of others is _________(reward)，while their disapproval is strongly disliked．
5．Those who suffer from headaches will find they get ______ (relieve) from this medicine．
6．A Western young man is trying so hard to pick up the noodles with two forks the same way as we Chinese hold chopsticks，but __ vain．
7．Let's make joint efforts to create a green and __________ (harmony) environment．
8．He was rewarded ____ a special prize for his ________ (devote) to scientific research．
9．When he was worried that the __________ (infect) disease could break out，John came to his __________ (assist)．
10．The media often focuses on the opinions of the ___________ (influence)，but sometimes the voices of the ________ (minor) are equally important．
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．mount
A．v．走上，登上　B．v．骑上(马、自行车等)　C．v．逐步增加
(1)The children's excitement is mounting as the Spring Festival gets nearer． __
(2)He mounted the platform and began to speak to the assembled crowd． __
(3)Sara mounted her bicycle and rode back to the cottage． __
2．cast
A．v．选派(角色)　B．v．投射(光、影子等)
C．v．扔，抛　D．v．使人怀疑　E．n．全体演员
(1)The setting sun cast an orange glow over the mountains． __
(2)He has cast her as an ambitious lawyer in his latest movie． __
(3)The priceless treasures had been cast into the river． __
(4)(2024·北京卷)Soon，the cast list was posted．My friends checked and came back shouting，“Amy，you got the main role！” __
(5)The latest evidence casts serious doubt on his version of events． __
3．The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously—so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call． __
A．联邦　　　B．联合会　　　　C．工会
4．Quality counts less than attitude and effort—even a stupid joke can relieve others of risk and embarrassment． __
A．调剂；使有趣
B．给……换班
C．减轻
5．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys． __
A．极其重要的
B．生命的
C．热情洋溢的
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．I started working out only a week ago，but I already feel better．(It＋be＋一段时间＋since)
→__________________________________________________，but I already feel better．
2．这个旨在引起人们对环境保护的关注的活动提升了我们关爱大自然的意识。
The activity，the aim of which is _______________________________________________________，raises our awareness of caring about nature．
3．(读后续写之心理描写)他很感激并且告诉我这是他第一次感受到来自陌生人的温暖。
He was grateful and told me that _____________________________________________________________．
4．由学生们决定他们要研究哪个主题。
__________________________________ which topic they want to research．
假定你是李华，你校英语社团将举办主题为“My Favourite Painter”的分享活动。请你用英语写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1．你最喜欢的画家；
2．此画家作品的特点。
注意：
1．写作词数应为 80 个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
　写作微练
①我很荣幸能站在这里发表演讲。演讲的主题为“我最喜爱的画家”。
___________________________ to stand here and address my speech whose title is “My Favourite Painter”．
②我最喜欢的画家是张大千，他在我国美术界很受尊敬。
My favourite painter is Zhang Daqian，and he ___________________ in the field of art in our country．
③他被认为是20世纪最具传奇色彩的国画、书法、篆刻、诗词大师。
He ________________ the most legendary master of traditional Chinese painting，calligraphy，seal cutting，and poetry in the 20th century．
④他一生的大部分时间都在临摹中国画的风格，学习西方绘画的特点和技巧，然后形成了自己独特的风格，尤其是成功的山水画。
He ___________________________ copying the style of Chinese painting，learning the characteristics and skills of Western painting，and then formed his own unique style，especially the successful landscape painting．
⑤我希望你们能亲自欣赏他的作品。你们会被这些画打动的。
I expect you to appreciate his paintings personally and you will ____________ them．
　句式升级
⑥用分词作定语改写句①
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
⑦用定语从句改写句②
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
⑧用“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句改写句⑤
_________________________________________________________________________________
　妙笔成篇
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
　语料积累
教材 语料 亮词 assist；tackle；relieve；disinfect；compensate；collaborate；dedicate；devotion；nobly
美句 1．With each person I met，I felt a growing sense of pride as part of this extraordinary team，whose devotion to the cause shone from their eyes． 2．When we visited the ward the next morning，we were amazed to see that against all odds，both boys were still alive． 3．Your article about living in a global village really struck a chord with me because I've just returned from a teaching project in Cambodia and Thailand．
拓展 语料 单词 skip蹦跳着走；run 跑；race赛跑；jog慢跑；fly飞奔；approach接近，靠近；drag 缓慢而费力地移动(或行进)；dance跳跃，雀跃；jump 跳，跃；escape逃跑；flee逃走；rush迅速移动；dash猛冲，急奔；stride 大步走；stroll/wander 漫步，闲逛；dart飞奔，猛冲；march 行进，快步走；tiptoe 蹑手蹑脚地走；stagger摇摇晃晃地走；stumble 跌跌撞撞地走；trot 小跑，快步，疾走
语块 steal/slide/creep into溜进；dash/rush for向……冲去；burst into冲进，闯进；head for/towards走向，前往；make a rush for冲向；charge out/into冲出/冲进；pace up and down踱来踱去；jump off跳下；hurry off匆匆离去
句型 1．He tiptoed into the room，trying not to make any noise，for fear of waking the sleeping baby． 他踮着脚尖走进房间，尽量不发出任何声音，生怕吵醒正在睡觉的婴儿。 2．The man dashed/rushed for the exit，and escaped in great panic． 那人向出口冲去，惊慌失措地逃走了。 3．Racing/Dashing/Running home，he burst into the bedroom，picked up my purse and charged out． 他飞奔着跑回家，冲进卧室，拿起我的钱包冲了出去。 4．She ran across the field like a deer，her steps light and effortless，enjoying the freedom of movement． 她像一只鹿一样在田野上奔跑，步伐轻盈而轻松，享受着运动的自由。
　语料运用
①中国军人和医生一到达地震灾区就跳下飞机，像箭一样飞向现场。
The moment Chinese soldiers and doctors reached the earthquake-stricken area，they _____________________________________________________________ like an arrow．
②一些幸存者拖着脚走向避难所，感觉好像整个世界都走到了尽头。
Some survivors __________________ towards the shelter，feeling as if the whole world was at an end．
③一些人像丢了魂一样，在被毁坏的道路上跌跌撞撞地走着。
Some __________________________________ like lost souls．
④有些人皱着眉头踱来踱去。
Some _________________ with a frown on their faces．
⑤中国军人与当地人民合作，致力于帮助灾民解决各种问题。
Collaborating with local people，Chinese soldiers __________________________________________________________________________．
⑥中国医生从一个地方走到另一个地方，帮助消毒，尽他们所能减轻人们的痛苦。
Chinese doctors strode from one place to another to help disinfect the area and __________________________________________________．
⑦所有的救援人员都在争分夺秒，灾区慢慢恢复了生机。
______________________________________ and slowly the disaster area began to breathe again．
选择性必修第二册　Unit 4
考点归纳　精准讲练
1．①assistants　②assistance　③with　④to get
完美写作　will assist you with your oral English by assisting you to correct/in correcting your pronunciation
2．①to　②for/to　③to submit
完美写作　①It's vital for us to keep a balanced diet　②It's vital that we (should) keep a balanced diet　③It's of vital importance to keep a balanced diet
3．①be relieved　②of　③relief　④relieved
完美写作　①relieve stress from schoolwork　②with relief
4．①with　②rewarding　③for
完美写作　a rewarding experience；reward others with their kindness
5．①influential　②to be　③Under
完美写作　one of the most influential；whose influence
6．①losing　②talking　③at　④a
完美写作　put myself at risk
7．①used　②before　③when　④is/has been
完美写作　it has been more than a year since
8．①had fought　②has asked
完美写作　①It was the first time that I had participated in the exchange student program　②we valued and actively participated in/we should value and actively participate in
基础巩固　达标训练
Ⅰ．1．at　2．since　3．to/for　4．rewarding　5．relief　6．in
7．harmonious　8．with；devotion　9．infectious；assistance　10．influential；minority
Ⅱ．1．(1)C　(2)A　(3)B
2．(1)B　(2)A　(3)C　(4)E　(5)D
3．C　4．C　5．A
Ⅲ．1．It's only been a week since I started working out　2．to draw people's attention to environmental protection　3．it was the first time that he had felt warmth from a stranger　4．It's up to the students to decide
主题引领　写作提能
应用文写作
Step 1　写作微练
①It's a great honour for me　②is highly respected　③is recognised as　④devoted most of his life to　⑤be struck by
Step 2　句式升级
⑥It's a great honour for me to stand here and address my speech titled “My Favourite Painter”．　⑦My favourite painter is Zhang Daqian，who is highly respected in the field of art in our country．
⑧I expect you to appreciate his paintings personally by which you will be struck．
Step 3　妙笔成篇
Dear fellow students，
It's a great honour for me to stand here and address my speech titled “My Favourite Painter”．
My favourite painter is Zhang Daqian，who is highly respected in the field of art in our country．He is recognised as the most legendary master of traditional Chinese painting，calligraphy，seal cutting，and poetry in the 20th century．He devoted most of his life to copying the style of Chinese painting，learning the characteristics and skills of Western painting，and then formed his own unique style，especially the successful landscape painting．
So I expect you to appreciate his paintings personally by which you will be struck．
读后续写
Step 2　语料运用
①jumped off the plane and flew/dashed/darted towards the scene
②dragged their feet　③stumbled along the destroyed roads
④paced up and down　⑤dedicated themselves to assisting those victims to tackle various problems　⑥did whatever they could to relieve people's pains　⑦All the rescuers were racing with time
1 / 1(共110张PPT)
选择性必修第二册　Unit 4　Breaking boundaries
第一部分 教材知识讲练
单元主题 导图串记
考点归纳 精准讲练
1．assist v．协助，帮助
①(2024·全国甲卷)I was very impressed by the doctors and their ____________(assistant) working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned．
②Shocked and dumb，he was rooted to the ground for seconds，and then fortunately，his father heard the shout in time to come to his ____________(assist)．
assistants　
assistance　
③We're looking for volunteers who would be willing to assist us ______ the group's work．
④The competition aims to highlight the students' practical cooking skills and assist them ________ (get) into healthy eating habits．
with　
to get
完美写作　应用文写作之建议信
作为对你上封信的回复，我相信我会通过帮助你纠正发音来帮助你提高英语口语。
In response to your last letter，I'm convinced that I ___________________________________________________________________________________________．
will assist you with your oral English by assisting you to correct/in correcting your pronunciation
归纳拓展
◎assist sb．to do/in doing sth．帮助某人做某事
assist sb．with sth．帮助某人某事
◎assistance n．帮助，援助
come to one's assistance援助某人
with the assistance of sb．＝with sb．'s assistance 在某人的帮助下
◎assistant n．助手，助理
◎With the assistance of their father/With their father assisting them/With their father's assistance，the twins made it，their faces brimming with happy smiles．
在他们的爸爸的帮助下，这对双胞胎成功了，脸上洋溢着快乐的笑容。
2．vital adj．极其重要的
①Agriculture is of vital importance ____ the nation's economy and the people's livelihood．
②Painful experiences are in fact vital ________ our development and how we face the unavoidable challenges ahead．
③(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)If you want to be published，it's vital ___________ (submit) a perfect，professionally presented manuscript (原稿)．
to　
for/to　
to submit
完美写作　一句多译
为了保持健康，均衡的饮食对于我们来说至关重要。
①___________________________________ in order to keep healthy．
(it's vital to do...)
②_________________________________________ in order to keep healthy．(it's vital that...)
③____________________________________________ in order to keep healthy． (it's of vital importance...)
It's vital for us to keep a balanced diet　
It's vital that we (should) keep a balanced diet　
It's of vital importance to keep a balanced diet
归纳拓展
◎be vital to/for...对……极其重要
It is vital to do sth．做某事很重要。
be of vital importance/significance to...对……至关重要
It is vital that...(should) do sth．做某事很重要。
◎The ocean plays a key role in our world，so it is vital that we should take action right now to stop pollution and try our best to protect the ocean．
海洋在我们的世界中起着重要作用，所以我们现在就应该采取行动来阻止污染，并尽我们最大的努力保护海洋。
3．relieve v．给(某人)换班；减轻；缓解；接替
①The guard will _____________ (relieve) at midnight．
②The new secretary will relieve us ____ some of the paperwork．
③To my ________ (relieve)，the missing boy returned ten days later，tired but healthy．
④She set the creature down，and felt quite __________ (relieve) to see it run into the wood．
be relieved　
of　
relief　
relieved
完美写作　应用文写作之活动介绍
①长跑很令人放松，而且能缓解我们的学习压力。
Long-distance running is really relaxing and enables us to ___________________________．
②这次他紧紧抓住绳子，双手因如释重负而微微颤抖，庆幸自己找到了绳子。
His hands trembled ___________ as he held the string tightly this time，grateful that he had found it．
relieve stress from schoolwork　
with relief
归纳拓展
◎relieve sb． of 帮助某人减轻……
relieve stress/pain/anxiety...缓解精神压力/疼痛/焦虑……
◎relief n．减轻；缓解；宽慰
with relief 宽慰地；如释重负地
to one's relief 令某人感到欣慰的是
a sigh of relief 松了一口气
◎relieved adj．放心的；宽慰的
◎The man froze for a second，but when he saw the skinny boy，he breathed a sigh of relief．
那人一动不动地站了一会儿，但当他看到那个瘦骨嶙峋的男孩时，他松了一口气。
4．rewarding adj．值得做的，有意义的
①(2023·全国甲卷)A day's work was rewarded ______ ￡5 in pocket money．
②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a ___________ (reward) experience．
③This is the first time that people are being rewarded _____ protecting the environment．
with　
rewarding　
for
完美写作　读后续写之情感升华
帮助别人是一种有益的经历，我希望那些被别人帮助的人也能以他们的善良回报别人。
Helping others is ________________________，and I hope that those helped by others can also _____________________________．
a rewarding experience
reward others with their kindness
归纳拓展
◎as a reward for...作为……的报酬/奖赏
in reward for...作为……的奖励/酬谢
◎reward sb．(with...)for sth．因为某事而(用……)酬谢某人
◎We are aware that we should study harder in reward for/as a reward for the patient instructions of our parents and teachers．
我们意识到我们必须更加努力学习，以回报老师和父母的耐心教导。
5．influential adj．有影响力的
①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)For well over a hundred years the most _____________ (influence) English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755．
②Through the course of my schooling，I met many teachers，two of whom influenced me _______ (be) what I am today．
③_______ the influence of my physics teacher，I have become increasingly interested in physics．
influential　
to be　
Under
完美写作　应用文写作之人物介绍
孔子是中国历史上最具影响力的思想家和教育家之一。在中国现代社会中其影响仍然可见。
Confucius is ____________________________ thinkers and educators，_________________ can be seen in contemporary Chinese society．
one of the most influential
whose influence
归纳拓展
◎be influential in (doing) sth．对(做)某事有影响
◎influence v．影响，对……起作用n．影响，作用
influence sb．to do...影响某人做……
have an influence on/upon对……有影响
under the influence of sb．/under sb．'s influence在某人的影响下
◎The social media has become an influential platform for spreading information．
社交媒体已经成为传播信息的一个有影响力的平台。
6．put...at risk 把……置于危险之中
①In spite of his own safety，the soldier jumped into the river and saved the girl at the risk of ________ (lose) his life．
②It is easier to avoid a discussion，but risking _________(talk) about it may eventually lead to a better outcome．
③It is reported that even people who sit for extended periods but regularly hit the gym are ____ risk．
④Take ___ risk，and you may lose again，but you have improved your chances to win．
losing　
talking　
at　
a
完美写作　读后续写之主旨升华
当我回忆起那次经历时，我明白了我永远不应该把自己置于危险之中。
As I recalled that experience，it dawned on me that I should never _______________．
put myself at risk
归纳拓展
◎at risk 有危险，处于危险中
take risks/a risk 冒险
at the risk of doing...冒着做……的风险
run the risk of...冒着……的风险
◎risk doing sth．冒险做某事
◎(2024·北京卷)That dream reminded me that those fears and desires could encourage me to take risks and make experiments．
那个梦提醒我，那些恐惧和欲望可能会鼓励我冒险和做实验。
7．[教材原句]It's exactly one month since the last reported case．(It＋be＋一段时间＋since...)
距离发现上一个报告病例已经整整一个月了。
①(2024·浙江1月卷)As it has been many years since I last ______ (use) one，I should hardly be surprised that there are no longer any public telephones near my house．
②—It's a long time since I saw you last time．
—Yes，and what a pity！It will be a long time ________ we see each other again．
used　
before　
③It was already midnight ______ my father returned home from his office last night．
④It ___________ (be) two weeks since you came to our school for the exchange program，which has been of great benefit to all of us．
when　
is/has been
完美写作　应用文之邀请信/感谢信
虽然你已经有一年多不教我们英语了，但我们非常想念你，想念和你在一起的那些快乐时刻。
While _____________________________ you didn't teach us English，we've missed you a lot，thinking about those happy moments when we stayed with you．
it has been more than a year since
归纳拓展
◎“It＋be＋一段时间＋since...”意为“自从……已有多长时间了”。主句谓语为is或has been时，since从句用一般过去时；主句谓语为was时，since从句用过去完成时。
◎“It was/will be＋一段时间＋before...”意为“多久之后才……”。
◎“It＋be＋时间点＋when从句(时间状语从句)”意为“当……发生时，时间是……” 。
◎It has been two months since you left China，and we all miss you very much and hope you will recover soon．
你离开中国已经两个月了，我们都非常想念你，希望你早日康复。
8．[教材原句] It is not the first time the author has worked with MSF．(It be the first/second... time＋that...)
这不是作者第一次与无国界医生合作。
①It was not the first time that China ____________ (fight) against the Delta variant (德尔塔毒株)．
②This is the third time that the boy ___________ (ask) his teacher the same question．
had fought　
has asked
完美写作　应用文写作之活动介绍
①那是我第一次参加交换生项目。那次经历不仅让我开阔了眼界，而且增强了我的信心。
_____________________________________________________________________，which not only broadened my view but also strengthened my confidence．
②现在是我们重视并积极参加体育课的时候了。
It's high time that ___________________________________________________________________ PE classes．
It was the first time that I had participated in the exchange student program　
we valued and actively participated in/we should value
and actively participate in
归纳拓展
◎“It/This/That be the first/second... time＋that...”句型，意为“这/那是某人第一/二……次做某事”，主句谓语为is时，that从句用现在完成时；主句谓语为was时，that从句用过去完成时。
◎It's time (for sb．) to do sth． 该是某人做某事的时候了。
◎It's high time that sb． did/should do sth． 是某人做某事的时候了。
◎My heart begins to race as this is the first time that I have come up with the idea to help a stranger．
我的心开始狂跳，因为这是我第一次想出帮助一个陌生人的主意。
基础巩固 达标训练
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．Cloning may greatly contribute to human medicine，but we must use it cautiously，because it may put people ____ risk．
2．It is already three years _______ he left the company，and now he still can't find a job．
3．Understanding history is vital ________ understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation．
at　
since　
to/for　
4．(2024·北京卷)The approval of others is ___________(reward)，while their disapproval is strongly disliked．
5．Those who suffer from headaches will find they get ______ (relieve) from this medicine．
6．A Western young man is trying so hard to pick up the noodles with two forks the same way as we Chinese hold chopsticks，but ____ vain．
7．Let's make joint efforts to create a green and ___________ (harmony) environment．
rewarding　
relief　
in
harmonious　
8．He was rewarded ______ a special prize for his _________ (devote) to scientific research．
9．When he was worried that the ____________ (infect) disease could break out，John came to his ____________ (assist)．
10．The media often focuses on the opinions of the _____________ (influence)，but sometimes the voices of the __________ (minor) are equally important．
with
devotion　
infectious
assistance　
influential
minority
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．mount
A．v．走上，登上　B．v．骑上(马、自行车等)　C．v．逐步增加
(1)The children's excitement is mounting as the Spring Festival gets nearer． ___
(2)He mounted the platform and began to speak to the assembled crowd． ___
(3)Sara mounted her bicycle and rode back to the cottage． ___
C　
A　
B
2．cast
A．v．选派(角色)　B．v．投射(光、影子等)
C．v．扔，抛　D．v．使人怀疑　E．n．全体演员
(1)The setting sun cast an orange glow over the mountains． ___
(2)He has cast her as an ambitious lawyer in his latest movie． ___
(3)The priceless treasures had been cast into the river． ___
(4)(2024·北京卷)Soon，the cast list was posted．My friends checked and came back shouting，“Amy，you got the main role！” ___
(5)The latest evidence casts serious doubt on his version of events． ___
B　
A　
C　
E　
D
3．The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously—so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call． ___
A．联邦　　　B．联合会　　　　C．工会
C　
4．Quality counts less than attitude and effort—even a stupid joke can relieve others of risk and embarrassment． ___
A．调剂；使有趣
B．给……换班
C．减轻
C　
5．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys． ___
A．极其重要的
B．生命的
C．热情洋溢的
A
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．I started working out only a week ago，but I already feel better．(It＋be＋一段时间＋since)
→_____________________________________________，but I already feel better．
2．这个旨在引起人们对环境保护的关注的活动提升了我们关爱大自然的意识。
The activity，the aim of which is ___________________________________________________，raises our awareness of caring about nature．
It's only been a week since I started working out　
to draw people's attention to 　
environmental protection
3．(读后续写之心理描写)他很感激并且告诉我这是他第一次感受到来自陌生人的温暖。
He was grateful and told me that _____________________________________________________．
4．由学生们决定他们要研究哪个主题。
___________________________ which topic they want to research．
it was the first time that he had felt 　
warmth from a stranger
It's up to the students to decide
主题引领 写作提能
假定你是李华，你校英语社团将举办主题为“My Favourite Painter”的分享活动。请你用英语写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1．你最喜欢的画家；
2．此画家作品的特点。
注意：
1．写作词数应为 80 个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Step 1　写作微练
①我很荣幸能站在这里发表演讲。演讲的主题为“我最喜爱的画家”。
_______________________ to stand here and address my speech whose title is “My Favourite Painter”．
②我最喜欢的画家是张大千，他在我国美术界很受尊敬。
My favourite painter is Zhang Daqian，and he ________________ in the field of art in our country．
It's a great honour for me　
is highly respected　
③他被认为是20世纪最具传奇色彩的国画、书法、篆刻、诗词大师。
He ________________ the most legendary master of traditional Chinese painting，calligraphy，seal cutting，and poetry in the 20th century．
④他一生的大部分时间都在临摹中国画的风格，学习西方绘画的特点和技巧，然后形成了自己独特的风格，尤其是成功的山水画。
He _______________________ copying the style of Chinese painting，learning the characteristics and skills of Western painting，and then formed his own unique style，especially the successful landscape painting．
is recognised as　
devoted most of his life to　
⑤我希望你们能亲自欣赏他的作品。你们会被这些画打动的。
I expect you to appreciate his paintings personally and you will ____________ them．
be struck by
Step 2　句式升级
⑥用分词作定语改写句①
_________________________________________________________________________________________
⑦用定语从句改写句②
__________________________________________________________________________________________
⑧用“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句改写句⑤
_________________________________________________________________________
It's a great honour for me to stand here and address my speech titled “My Favourite Painter”．　
My favourite painter is Zhang Daqian，who is highly respected in the field of art in our country．
I expect you to appreciate his paintings personally by which you will be struck．
Step 3　妙笔成篇
________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
Dear fellow students，
It's a great honour for me to stand here and address my speech titled “My Favourite Painter”．
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
My favourite painter is Zhang Daqian，who is highly respected in the field of art in our country．He is recognised as the most legendary master of traditional Chinese painting，calligraphy，seal cutting，and poetry in the 20th century．He devoted most of his life to copying the style of Chinese painting，learning the characteristics and skills of Western painting，and then formed his own unique style，especially the successful landscape painting．
So I expect you to appreciate his paintings personally by which you will be struck．
Step 1　语料积累
教材 语料 亮词 assist；tackle；relieve；disinfect；compensate；collaborate；dedicate；devotion；nobly
教材 语料 美句 1．With each person I met，I felt a growing sense of pride as part of this extraordinary team，whose devotion to the cause shone from their eyes．
2．When we visited the ward the next morning，we were amazed to see that against all odds，both boys were still alive．
3．Your article about living in a global village really struck a chord with me because I've just returned from a teaching project in Cambodia and Thailand．
拓展 语料 单词 skip蹦跳着走；run 跑；race赛跑；jog慢跑；fly飞奔；approach接近，靠近；drag 缓慢而费力地移动(或行进)；dance跳跃，雀跃；jump 跳，跃；escape逃跑；flee逃走；rush迅速移动；dash猛冲，急奔；stride 大步走；stroll/wander 漫步，闲逛；dart飞奔，猛冲；march 行进，快步走；tiptoe 蹑手蹑脚地走；stagger摇摇晃晃地走；stumble 跌跌撞撞地走；trot 小跑，快步，疾走
拓展 语料 语块 steal/slide/creep into溜进；dash/rush for向……冲去；burst into冲进，闯进；head for/towards走向，前往；make a rush for冲向；charge out/into冲出/冲进；pace up and down踱来踱去；jump off跳下；hurry off匆匆离去
拓展 语料 句型 1．He tiptoed into the room，trying not to make any noise，for fear of waking the sleeping baby．
他踮着脚尖走进房间，尽量不发出任何声音，生怕吵醒正在睡觉的婴儿。
2．The man dashed/rushed for the exit，and escaped in great panic．
那人向出口冲去，惊慌失措地逃走了。
3．Racing/Dashing/Running home，he burst into the bedroom，picked up my purse and charged out．
他飞奔着跑回家，冲进卧室，拿起我的钱包冲了出去。
4．She ran across the field like a deer，her steps light and effortless，enjoying the freedom of movement．
她像一只鹿一样在田野上奔跑，步伐轻盈而轻松，享受着运动的自由。
Step 2　语料运用
①中国军人和医生一到达地震灾区就跳下飞机，像箭一样飞向现场。
The moment Chinese soldiers and doctors reached the earthquake-stricken area，they ___________________________________________
________________ like an arrow．
②一些幸存者拖着脚走向避难所，感觉好像整个世界都走到了尽头。
Some survivors ________________ towards the shelter，feeling as if the whole world was at an end．
jumped off the plane and flew/dashed/darted
towards the scene
dragged their feet　
③一些人像丢了魂一样，在被毁坏的道路上跌跌撞撞地走着。
Some _______________________________ like lost souls．
④有些人皱着眉头踱来踱去。
Some ___________________ with a frown on their faces．
⑤中国军人与当地人民合作，致力于帮助灾民解决各种问题。
Collaborating with local people，Chinese soldiers ______________________________________________________________．
stumbled along the destroyed roads
paced up and down　
dedicated themselves
to assisting those victims to tackle various problems　
⑥中国医生从一个地方走到另一个地方，帮助消毒，尽他们所能减轻人们的痛苦。
Chinese doctors strode from one place to another to help disinfect the area and __________________________________________．
⑦所有的救援人员都在争分夺秒，灾区慢慢恢复了生机。
___________________________________ and slowly the disaster area began to breathe again．
did whatever they could to relieve people's pains　
All the rescuers were racing with time
题型组合练(二十八)　选择性必修第二册　Unit 4　Breaking boundaries
(建议用时：45分钟　总分：50分)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2026·贵州贵阳模拟)I initially became a Spanish teacher not out of passion but necessity—like many in their twenties，stuck in a quarter-life crisis，trying to find a way to make some extra money．
That's how one morning I found myself downloading a language app，creating a profile，and recording an introduction video hoping to convince potential students to book a trial lesson with me．Despite watching tutorials (教程) online for only seven hours，I pretended to be a qualified teacher．
But on the other side，my first student，Robert—an American living in Medellin，Colombia—changed everything．He wasn't trying to master grammar or speak perfect textbook Spanish．He wanted to improve his fluency and learn the local paisa slang，so he could understand the people in the street stands，the bakery guy，and the lady selling coffee．
I remember our first class vividly．I explained the difference between a rolo，a caleno，and a samario，which led to discussions about regional accents，word meanings，and how everything changes depending on who says it and how．Robert also shared his life in Ohio，experiences in Latin America，and his relationship with food and people．
Our Spanish classes turned into a sort of cultural lab．In that back-and-forth of ideas，we unknowingly started building bridges．It hit me that teaching a language goes far beyond teaching grammar．It's about opening the door to a new world and inviting someone else to walk through it．
I now believe language teaching is a powerful tool for building bridges across cultures and for revealing stereotypes that divide us．In a globalized world，language teachers are perhaps agents of change and social transformation，sharing culture through lived experiences．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者最初为谋生成为西班牙语老师，在与学生罗伯特的互动中，领悟到语言教学对跨文化交流和打破刻板印象的重要意义。
1．Why did the author download a language app
A．To book a trial lesson．
B．To watch tutorials online．
C．To learn a new language．
D．To earn additional income．
√
D　[细节理解题。根据第一段“I initially became a Spanish teacher not out of passion but necessity—like many in their twenties，stuck in a quarter-life crisis，trying to find a way to make some extra money．”以及第二段中的“That's how one morning I found myself downloading a language app，creating a profile，and recording an introduction video hoping to convince potential students to book a trial lesson with me．”可知，作者下载语言应用程序是为了吸引学生、赚取额外收入。故选D项。]
√
2．What is Robert's goal in taking the author's lesson
A．To speak perfect textbook Spanish．
B．To make friends living in Medellin．
C．To understand the locals accurately．
D．To acquire Spanish grammar rules．
C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He wasn't trying to master grammar or speak perfect textbook Spanish．He wanted to improve his fluency and learn the local paisa slang，so he could understand the people in the street stands，the bakery guy，and the lady selling coffee．”可知，罗伯特上课的目的是准确理解当地人的话语。故选C项。]
√
3．Which of the following best describes the author's first class with Robert
A．Organized and vivid．
B．Interactive and practical．
C．Serious and formal．
D．Academic and inspiring．
B　[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“I explained the difference between a rolo，a caleno，and a samario，which led to discussions about regional accents，word meanings，and how everything changes depending on who says it and how．Robert also shared his life in Ohio，experiences in Latin America，and his relationship with food and people．”可知，作者在课堂上讲解语言知识，学生分享生活，有问有答、互动频繁，且内容围绕实用的俚语和日常交流展开，因此“互动性强且实用”最能描述这堂课。故选B项。]
√
4．What is a language teacher supposed to do at present
A．Strengthen stereotypes．
B．Evaluate unknown ideas．
C．Foster cultural exchanges．
D．Learn from experiences．
C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段“I now believe language teaching is a powerful tool for building bridges across cultures and for revealing stereotypes that divide us．In a globalized world，language teachers are perhaps agents of change and social transformation，sharing culture through lived experiences．”可知，如今语言教师应该促进文化交流。故选C项。]
B
(2025·江西南昌模拟)Mozambique，a southeast African nation with stunning beaches，has faced severe challenges since gaining independence in 1975． Poverty and food shortages once overshadowed its natural beauty． In 1984，a South African，Peter Pretorius，arrived，intending to stay a day but remained weeks due to transportation issues．
Witnessing widespread starvation，he questioned why a resource-rich land struggled to feed its people． This experience sparked a four-decade mission．
With his wife Ann，Peter founded Joint Aid Management (JAM)，later renamed ForAfrika．They established resource networks and education centers，empowering villagers to manage supplies independently．“Peter deeply cared about African communities，” says Stephanie Guzman，ForAfrika's philanthropy (慈善) officer．“His vision was rooted in partnership，not control．” He believed that true empowerment comes from working together with local people to build sustainable solutions．
Starting in Mozambique，ForAfrika expanded across 6 African nations． Peter created nutrition programs for orphans，gathered resources to build a food factory in Angola，and secured supply chains for 114 Sudanese schools． By 2012，the organization fed over 1 million people annually． It also dug wells，developed irrigation (灌溉) farms，and provided meals to nearly 4 million people．
“We target the most urgent needs，” Guzman explains． “Peter believed in quick，impactful action while respecting local solutions． First，feed people，then empower them．” Though Peter passed away in 2018，his legacy thrives． From one man's determination grew a movement that transformed countless lives — proving that even in the darkest crisis，hope can take root and boom． His vision continues to inspire many，showing that compassion and action can create lasting change．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Peter Pretorius在莫桑比克目睹饥饿现象后，创立ForAfrika组织，致力于帮助非洲人民解决饥饿和贫困问题，并通过建立资源网络和教育中心来促进当地自力更生，他的愿景和行动对非洲产生了深远影响。
√
5．What made Peter change his brief visit into a long-term stay
A．A business plan．
B．A desire to explore local culture．
C．A witness to intense hunger．
D．A feast for the eyes．
C　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“Witnessing widespread starvation，he questioned why a resource-rich land struggled to feed its people．”可知，Peter Pretorius目睹了当地的严重饥饿现象，这促使他改变了原本的短暂停留计划，转而决定长期留下。 故选C。]
√
6．How did Peter promote local self-reliance
A．By using strict outside control．
B．By centralizing resource control．
C．By funding through international agencies．
D．By creating resource networks and education centers．
D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“They established resource networks and education centers，empowering villagers to manage supplies independently．”可知，Peter Pretorius通过建立资源网络和教育中心来促进当地自力更生。故选D。]
√
7．Which strategy contributes to the organization's fast growth
A．Using advanced digital systems．
B．Relying on external investments．
C．Strengthening cultural exchange．
D．Building agriculture facilities．
D　[推理判断题。根据第三段中“It also dug wells，developed irrigation farms，and provided meals to nearly 4 million people．”可知，ForAfrika组织通过建设农业设施 (如挖井、开发灌溉农场等) 来为更多人提供食物，从而促进了组织的快速发展。故选D。]
√
8．Which statement best sums up Peter's crisis intervention philosophy
A．Turn to outsiders for handling the whole crisis．
B．First give food，then help people become self-reliant．
C．Focus on school changes before solving hunger problems．
D．Work on future growth first and wait to fix complicated problems．
B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘We target the most urgent needs，’ Guzman explains． ‘Peter believed in quick，impactful action while respecting local solutions． First，feed people，then empower them．’”可知，Peter Pretorius的危机干预理念是首先解决人们的饥饿问题，然后帮助他们实现自力更生。故选B。]
Ⅱ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
(2026·山东威海模拟)When I was a child，I saw tragic scenes of the Ethiopia famine on television． Ever since then，I knew that I needed to 　1　， to give something of myself，and to be a citizen of the 　2　． I realized I wanted to 　3　 MSF when I first read about the organization in a book． I studied 　4　 and worked in clinical areas before finally joining MSF．
On my first 　5　 to Somalia，it didn't take me long to realize that this experience would be truly 　6　． It was a war-worn country where people suffer lawlessness and 　7　． I was not used to being around citizens with guns，to work in the 　8　 of a government，of laws，or hospitals． Yet，Somalia is a beautiful country：people are fascinating，and their resilience (韧性) and endurance were forever a 　9　 factor for myself and my MSF team． We practiced “bush medicines”， which provided the best possible
　10　 for patients with the least possible resources． I think we performed miracles，or certainly 　11　 a few． We were doing surgeries inside a tent in the middle of nowhere，without oxygen，monitors or high-tech equipment，and yet，despite the 　12　 resources，we still managed to save lives．
I find it very hard to see children dying from totally preventable diseases and people without access to clean water or shelter． I believe that everyone has a right to 　13　． And I believe that a person's dignity，if nothing else，even in the face of death，is vital． That's what keeps me 　14　： the people MSF helps，the people we work with，and the work we do to try to 　15　 the suffering in the world．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者加入无国界组织去索马里执行任务时的经历和自己的感受。
√
1．A．donate　　　 B．assist
C．explore　 D．research
B　[考查动词词义辨析。 根据上文“I saw tragic scenes of the Ethiopia famine on television”和下文“to give something of myself”可知，此处作者表示需要帮助别人。故选B。]
√
2．A．city　 B．country
C．world　 D．community
C　[考查名词词义辨析。根据下文“before finally joining MSF”可知，加入无国界组织，作者把自己看作世界公民。故选C。]
√
3．A．work with　 B．turn to
C．learn from　 D．rely on
A　[考查动词短语辨析。 根据下文“before finally joining MSF”可知，作者意识到自己想和这个组织一起工作。故选A。]
√
4．A．nursing　 B．teaching
C．engineering　 D．painting
A　[考查动词词义辨析。 根据下文“worked in clinical areas”可知，作者学习的是护理专业。故选A。]
√
5．A．trip　 B．mission
C．attempt　 D．transfer
B　[考查名词词义辨析。 根据下文“it didn't take me long to realize that this experience would be truly ________”可知，这是作者第一次在索马里执行任务。故选B。]
√
6．A．disappointing　 B．frightening
C．annoying　 D．challenging
D　[考查形容词词义辨析。 根据下文“It was a war-worn country where people suffer lawlessness and ________．”可知，作者执行的任务具有挑战性。故选D。]
√
7．A．disorder　 B．inequality
C．disability　 D．poverty
A　[考查名词词义辨析。 根据下文“I was not used to being around citizens with guns”可知，这个国家混乱不堪。故选A。]
√
8．A．name　 B．face
C．charge　 D．absence
D　[考查名词词义辨析。 根据上文“It was a war-worn country”可知，索马里这个地方是没有稳定的政府机构的。故选D。]
9．A．creative　 B．motivating
C．professional　 D．possible
B　[考查形容词词义辨析。 根据上文“Yet，Somalia is a beautiful country：people are fascinating，and their resilience and endurance”可知，索马里是一个美丽的国家：人民是迷人的，他们的韧性和耐力对于作者和其他医疗队成员永远是一个激励因素。故选B。]
√
10．A．drugs　 B．supplies
C．treatment　 D．equipment
C　[考查名词词义辨析。 根据上文可知，索马里的药物、供给和设备都不充裕，所以作者他们用最少的资源为病人提供最高的治疗。故选C。]
√
11．A．missed　 B．desired
C．awaited　 D．witnessed
D　[考查动词词义辨析。 根据下文“We were doing surgeries inside a tent in the middle of nowhere，without oxygen，monitors or high-tech equipment”可知，作者他们的组织见证了奇迹。故选D。]
√
12．A．reusable　 B．accessible
C．unique　 D．limited
D　[考查形容词词义辨析。 根据上文“with the least possible resources”可知，此处表示资源有限。故选D。]
√
13．A．healthcare　 B．education
C．vote　 D．peace
A　[考查名词词义辨析。 根据上文“I find it very hard to see children dying from totally preventable diseases and people without access to clean water or shelter．”可知，看到遭受苦难的这些人，作者认为每个人都有享受医疗保健的权利。故选A。]
√
14．A．thinking　 B．studying
C．going　 D．fighting
C　[考查动词词义辨析。 根据上文“And I believe that a person's dignity，if nothing else，even in the face of death，is vital．”可知，作者认为人们的尊严至少在死亡面前是极其重要的，这是作者前进的动力。故选C。]
√
15．A．stand　 B．relieve
C．transform　 D．resist
B　[考查动词词义辨析。 根据下文“the suffering in the world”可知，此处表示减轻世界上的痛苦。故选B。]
√
Ⅲ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2026·湖北武汉模拟)Kenyan students get Chinese helping hand． Many of third-year undergraduate Nicole Agong's schoolmates at Kenya's Moi University were busy preparing for their upcoming exams，but 1．_____ psychology major had to face an 2．__________ (addition) challenge — paying her tuition fees．
the　
additional　
Agong is an orphan (孤儿) and she depends financially on her grandmother，who is finding it hard to pay for the student's education． 3．_____________________ (miss) out on government scholarship support，Agong decided to postpone her studies for a second time． 4．________ Agong recently continued her studies when the Chinese embassy in Kenya awarded her a scholarship，5．________ nine other students from her college．
Having missed/Missing　
But
with　
“6．___________ (give) the Chinese scholarship means a lot to me． It is discouraging to see your fellow students progress with their studies while you sit idly at home due to a lack of school fees． I'm relieved that the cooperation between the Chinese and Kenyan governments is enabling students like me who are not able to raise school fees 7．________ (stay) in school，” Agong said on Nov． 22．
Being given
to stay
The scholarship，which 8．_______________ (launch) at Moi University five years ago，has helped 50 students to continue with their studies uninterrupted． So far，404 college students from across the country have benefited from the scholarship，9．_______， Zhang said，is also a product of the Belt and Road Initiative toward the 10．__________ (promote) of education．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了肯尼亚莫伊大学的学生妮可·阿贡因经济困难面临学业中断，在获得中国大使馆奖学金之后得以继续学业的故事。
was launched　
which
promotion　
1．the　[考查冠词。 major意为“主修(某专业的)学生”，特指前面提到的Nicole Agong这名心理学专业的学生，用定冠词the限定。故填the。]
2． additional　[考查形容词。 提示词修饰名词challenge，用形容词additional作定语，表示“额外的”。故填additional。]
3． Having missed/Missing　[考查非谓语动词。 “________ (miss) out on government scholarship support”作原因状语，miss out“错过”是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语Agong之间是主动关系，结合句意，这一动作可理解为发生在谓语动词“decided”之前，用动词-ing形式的完成式having missed，也可理解为与谓语动作同时发生，用动词-ing形式missing；句首单词首字母大写。故填Having missed/Missing。]
4．But　[考查连词。 前面说她决定推迟学业，后面说她继续学业，前后是转折关系，用连词but连接；句首单词首字母大写。故填But。]
5．with　[考查介词。 表示“和……一起”用介词with。故填with。]
6．Being given　[考查非谓语动词。 “________ (give) the Chinese scholarship”在句中作主语，give(提供)用动词-ing形式，又因与其逻辑主语“我”之间是被动关系，所以用动词-ing形式的被动形式being given；句首单词首字母大写。故填Being given。]
7．to stay　[考查非谓语动词。 enable sb． to do sth．是固定用法，表示“使某人能够做某事”，用不定式作宾语补足语。故填to stay。]
8．was launched　[考查时态、语态和主谓一致。 launch“发起”是定语从句中的谓语动词，与主语which之间是被动关系，结合时间状语是“five years ago”，讲述过去的事情应用一般过去时，主语是单数，谓语动词用单数形式was launched。故填was launched。]
9．which　[考查定语从句。 “________，Zhang said，is also a product of the Belt and Road Initiative toward the...”是非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。]
10．promotion　[考查名词。 toward是介词，后面接名词作宾语，promote的名词是promotion，表示“促进，提升”。故填promotion。]
谢 谢 ！题型组合练(二十八)　选择性必修第二册　Unit 4　Breaking boundaries
(建议用时：45分钟　总分：50分)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2026·贵州贵阳模拟)I initially became a Spanish teacher not out of passion but necessity—like many in their twenties，stuck in a quarter-life crisis，trying to find a way to make some extra money．
That's how one morning I found myself downloading a language app，creating a profile，and recording an introduction video hoping to convince potential students to book a trial lesson with me．Despite watching tutorials (教程) online for only seven hours，I pretended to be a qualified teacher．
But on the other side，my first student，Robert—an American living in Medellin，Colombia—changed everything．He wasn't trying to master grammar or speak perfect textbook Spanish．He wanted to improve his fluency and learn the local paisa slang，so he could understand the people in the street stands，the bakery guy，and the lady selling coffee．
I remember our first class vividly．I explained the difference between a rolo，a caleno，and a samario，which led to discussions about regional accents，word meanings，and how everything changes depending on who says it and how．Robert also shared his life in Ohio，experiences in Latin America，and his relationship with food and people．
Our Spanish classes turned into a sort of cultural lab．In that back-and-forth of ideas，we unknowingly started building bridges．It hit me that teaching a language goes far beyond teaching grammar．It's about opening the door to a new world and inviting someone else to walk through it．
I now believe language teaching is a powerful tool for building bridges across cultures and for revealing stereotypes that divide us．In a globalized world，language teachers are perhaps agents of change and social transformation，sharing culture through lived experiences．
1．Why did the author download a language app
A．To book a trial lesson．
B．To watch tutorials online．
C．To learn a new language．
D．To earn additional income．
2．What is Robert's goal in taking the author's lesson
A．To speak perfect textbook Spanish．
B．To make friends living in Medellin．
C．To understand the locals accurately．
D．To acquire Spanish grammar rules．
3．Which of the following best describes the author's first class with Robert
A．Organized and vivid．
B．Interactive and practical．
C．Serious and formal．
D．Academic and inspiring．
4．What is a language teacher supposed to do at present
A．Strengthen stereotypes．
B．Evaluate unknown ideas．
C．Foster cultural exchanges．
D．Learn from experiences．
B
(2025·江西南昌模拟)Mozambique，a southeast African nation with stunning beaches，has faced severe challenges since gaining independence in 1975． Poverty and food shortages once overshadowed its natural beauty． In 1984，a South African，Peter Pretorius，arrived，intending to stay a day but remained weeks due to transportation issues． Witnessing widespread starvation，he questioned why a resource-rich land struggled to feed its people． This experience sparked a four-decade mission．
With his wife Ann，Peter founded Joint Aid Management (JAM)，later renamed ForAfrika． They established resource networks and education centers，empowering villagers to manage supplies independently． “Peter deeply cared about African communities，” says Stephanie Guzman，ForAfrika's philanthropy (慈善) officer． “His vision was rooted in partnership，not control．” He believed that true empowerment comes from working together with local people to build sustainable solutions．
Starting in Mozambique，ForAfrika expanded across 6 African nations． Peter created nutrition programs for orphans，gathered resources to build a food factory in Angola，and secured supply chains for 114 Sudanese schools． By 2012，the organization fed over 1 million people annually． It also dug wells，developed irrigation (灌溉) farms，and provided meals to nearly 4 million people．
“We target the most urgent needs，” Guzman explains． “Peter believed in quick，impactful action while respecting local solutions． First，feed people，then empower them．” Though Peter passed away in 2018，his legacy thrives． From one man's determination grew a movement that transformed countless lives — proving that even in the darkest crisis，hope can take root and boom． His vision continues to inspire many，showing that compassion and action can create lasting change．
5．What made Peter change his brief visit into a long-term stay
A．A business plan．
B．A desire to explore local culture．
C．A witness to intense hunger．
D．A feast for the eyes．
6．How did Peter promote local self-reliance
A．By using strict outside control．
B．By centralizing resource control．
C．By funding through international agencies．
D．By creating resource networks and education centers．
7．Which strategy contributes to the organization's fast growth
A．Using advanced digital systems．
B．Relying on external investments．
C．Strengthening cultural exchange．
D．Building agriculture facilities．
8．Which statement best sums up Peter's crisis intervention philosophy
A．Turn to outsiders for handling the whole crisis．
B．First give food，then help people become self-reliant．
C．Focus on school changes before solving hunger problems．
D．Work on future growth first and wait to fix complicated problems．
Ⅱ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
(2026·山东威海模拟)When I was a child，I saw tragic scenes of the Ethiopia famine on television． Ever since then，I knew that I needed to 　1　， to give something of myself，and to be a citizen of the 　2　． I realized I wanted to 　3　 MSF when I first read about the organization in a book． I studied 　4　 and worked in clinical areas before finally joining MSF．
On my first 　5　 to Somalia，it didn't take me long to realize that this experience would be truly 　6　． It was a war-worn country where people suffer lawlessness and 　7　． I was not used to being around citizens with guns，to work in the 　8　 of a government，of laws，or hospitals． Yet，Somalia is a beautiful country：people are fascinating，and their resilience (韧性) and endurance were forever a 　9　 factor for myself and my MSF team． We practiced “bush medicines”， which provided the best possible 　10　 for patients with the least possible resources． I think we performed miracles，or certainly 　11　 a few． We were doing surgeries inside a tent in the middle of nowhere，without oxygen，monitors or high-tech equipment，and yet，despite the 　12　 resources，we still managed to save lives．
I find it very hard to see children dying from totally preventable diseases and people without access to clean water or shelter． I believe that everyone has a right to 　13　． And I believe that a person's dignity，if nothing else，even in the face of death，is vital． That's what keeps me 　14　： the people MSF helps，the people we work with，and the work we do to try to 　15　 the suffering in the world．
1．A．donate　　　 B．assist
C．explore　 D．research
2．A．city　 B．country
C．world　 D．community
3．A．work with　 B．turn to
C．learn from　 D．rely on
4．A．nursing　 B．teaching
C．engineering　 D．painting
5．A．trip　 B．mission
C．attempt　 D．transfer
6．A．disappointing　 B．frightening
C．annoying　 D．challenging
7．A．disorder　 B．inequality
C．disability　 D．poverty
8．A．name　 B．face
C．charge　 D．absence
9．A．creative　 B．motivating
C．professional　 D．possible
10．A．drugs　 B．supplies
C．treatment　 D．equipment
11．A．missed　 B．desired
C．awaited　 D．witnessed
12．A．reusable　 B．accessible
C．unique　 D．limited
13．A．healthcare　 B．education
C．vote　 D．peace
14．A．thinking　 B．studying
C．going　 D．fighting
15．A．stand　 B．relieve
C．transform　 D．resist
Ⅲ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2026·湖北武汉模拟)Kenyan students get Chinese helping hand． Many of third-year undergraduate Nicole Agong's schoolmates at Kenya's Moi University were busy preparing for their upcoming exams，but 1．________ psychology major had to face an 2．________ (addition) challenge — paying her tuition fees．
Agong is an orphan (孤儿) and she depends financially on her grandmother，who is finding it hard to pay for the student's education． 3．________ (miss) out on government scholarship support，Agong decided to postpone her studies for a second time． 4．________ Agong recently continued her studies when the Chinese embassy in Kenya awarded her a scholarship，5．________ nine other students from her college．
“6．________ (give) the Chinese scholarship means a lot to me． It is discouraging to see your fellow students progress with their studies while you sit idly at home due to a lack of school fees． I'm relieved that the cooperation between the Chinese and Kenyan governments is enabling students like me who are not able to raise school fees 7．________ (stay) in school，” Agong said on Nov． 22．
The scholarship，which 8．________ (launch) at Moi University five years ago，has helped 50 students to continue with their studies uninterrupted． So far，404 college students from across the country have benefited from the scholarship，9．________， Zhang said，is also a product of the Belt and Road Initiative toward the 10．________ (promote) of education．
题型组合练(二十八)
Ⅰ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者最初为谋生成为西班牙语老师，在与学生罗伯特的互动中，领悟到语言教学对跨文化交流和打破刻板印象的重要意义。
1．D　[细节理解题。根据第一段“I initially became a Spanish teacher not out of passion but necessity—like many in their twenties，stuck in a quarter-life crisis，trying to find a way to make some extra money．”以及第二段中的“That's how one morning I found myself downloading a language app，creating a profile，and recording an introduction video hoping to convince potential students to book a trial lesson with me．”可知，作者下载语言应用程序是为了吸引学生、赚取额外收入。故选D项。]
2．C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He wasn't trying to master grammar or speak perfect textbook Spanish．He wanted to improve his fluency and learn the local paisa slang，so he could understand the people in the street stands，the bakery guy，and the lady selling coffee．”可知，罗伯特上课的目的是准确理解当地人的话语。故选C项。]
3．B　[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“I explained the difference between a rolo，a caleno，and a samario，which led to discussions about regional accents，word meanings，and how everything changes depending on who says it and how．Robert also shared his life in Ohio，experiences in Latin America，and his relationship with food and people．”可知，作者在课堂上讲解语言知识，学生分享生活，有问有答、互动频繁，且内容围绕实用的俚语和日常交流展开，因此“互动性强且实用”最能描述这堂课。故选B项。]
4．C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段“I now believe language teaching is a powerful tool for building bridges across cultures and for revealing stereotypes that divide us．In a globalized world，language teachers are perhaps agents of change and social transformation，sharing culture through lived experiences．”可知，如今语言教师应该促进文化交流。故选C项。]
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Peter Pretorius在莫桑比克目睹饥饿现象后，创立ForAfrika组织，致力于帮助非洲人民解决饥饿和贫困问题，并通过建立资源网络和教育中心来促进当地自力更生，他的愿景和行动对非洲产生了深远影响。
5．C　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“Witnessing widespread starvation，he questioned why a resource-rich land struggled to feed its people．”可知，Peter Pretorius目睹了当地的严重饥饿现象，这促使他改变了原本的短暂停留计划，转而决定长期留下。 故选C。]
6．D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“They established resource networks and education centers，empowering villagers to manage supplies independently．”可知，Peter Pretorius通过建立资源网络和教育中心来促进当地自力更生。故选D。]
7．D　[推理判断题。根据第三段中“It also dug wells，developed irrigation farms，and provided meals to nearly 4 million people．”可知，ForAfrika组织通过建设农业设施 (如挖井、开发灌溉农场等) 来为更多人提供食物，从而促进了组织的快速发展。故选D。]
8．B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘We target the most urgent needs，’ Guzman explains． ‘Peter believed in quick，impactful action while respecting local solutions． First，feed people，then empower them．’”可知，Peter Pretorius的危机干预理念是首先解决人们的饥饿问题，然后帮助他们实现自力更生。故选B。]
Ⅱ．1－5　BCAAB　6－10　DADBC　11－15　DDACB
Ⅲ．1．the　2．additional　3．Having missed/Missing　4．But
5．with　6．Being given　7．to stay　8．was launched
9．which　10．promotion
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