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/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级下册英语期末能力提升培优卷人教版（新教材）
注意事项 考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求 1.本试卷共8页，包含选择题（第1题~第45题，共45题）、非选择题（第46题~第76题，共31题）两部分。本卷满分120分，考试时间为100分钟。考试结束后，请将本试卷一并交回。 2.答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷的规定位置，在试卷第一面的右下角填写好座位号。
一、单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，计15分）
在下列各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。
1．The reporter will ________ the famous singer tomorrow.
A．invite B．decide C．interview D．collect
2．—Oh, no! I haven’t finished writing my book report.
—Don’t worry. Mr. Li didn’t say ________.
A．when to hand in B．what to hand in C．how to hand in D．where to hand in
3．Mr. King often explains English grammar so ________ that I can understand it.
A．recently B．clearly C．quickly D．heavily
4．When you visit a friend’s home in China, they will usually ________ you a cup of tea.
A．borrow B．offer C．lend D．ask
5．________ my poem was only three lines long, my friends said it touched their hearts deeply.
A．Although B．If C．When D．Until
6．I’m sorry. I shouldn’t have said that. I ________.
A．take it back B．give it up C．clean it up D．try it on
7．________ I can enjoy the beauty of the West Lake online, it’s more amazing to be at the place ________ person.
A．Because; in B．So; on C．If; by D．Although; in
8．—After practising for a long time, the team ________ finished the difficult task in the competition.
—Their hard work finally paid off.
A．successfully B．carefully C．quickly D．quietly
9．Mr Lu knows how to teach his child because he used to be a teacher ________.
A．yourself B．herself C．himself D．myself
10．—I don’t want to go to the cinema ________.
—Come on. Let’s go together.
A．almost B．already C．away D．alone
11．The little boy tried his best to make a ________ to the poor family.
A．decision B．difference C．promise D．plan
12．His uncle ________ for three years. We all miss him very much.
A．left B．has been away C．has left D．is away
13．There ________ a sports meeting next Friday.
A．is B．was C．will be D．has been
14．—Must I give back the magazine today
—No, you ________. You can ________ it for another month.
A．needn’t; borrow B．mustn’t; keep C．needn’t; keep D．mustn’t; borrow
15．You shouldn’t arrive early to a French party ________ the host may still be preparing.
A．because B．unless C．so that D．as soon as
二、完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题1分，计15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
As a newcomer to Australia, I couldn’t wait to explore its wilderness. Having enjoyed outdoor 16 in Africa, I planned a bike trip along the Munda Biddi Trail (小径) during summer, 17 of the extreme heat.
I began my journey 18 . My wife dropped me off in Collie, and I started riding toward the first shelter. The temperature was 19 , but I carried a big bottle of water, trusting the shelter’s rainwater supply for refills. Upon arrival, as expected, I found the rainwater supply full and 20 to stay for the night.
The next day, the trail marker became hard to 21 , many damaged by bushfires. Without GPS and seeing no other riders, I grew 22 . By midday, the heat was unbearable. My water turned warm, my equipment overheated, and I felt increasingly confused. 23 grew when I realized I was lost.
I tried going back but only circled back to my own 24 . Worn-out and thirsty, I lay my bike down and 25 under a tree, closing my eyes in hopelessness, nearly 26 .
Then, a far-away motor (发动机) sound caught my attention. I 27 myself up and walked toward the noise. To my 28 , I reached Logue Brook Dam, where people were boating and relaxing. I pushed my bike into the cool water, completely filled with relief (如释重负).
My first Australian adventure taught me the importance of careful 29 , while it also helped me develop a deeper respect for the power of 30 .
16．A．games B．competitions C．adventures D．programs
17．A．unaware B．uncertain C．afraid D．tired
18．A．carefully B．nervously C．excitedly D．proudly
19．A．average B．extreme C．comfortable D．changeable
20．A．agreed B．hoped C．tried D．decided
21．A．describe B．explore C．understand D．identify
22．A．angry B．curious C．anxious D．powerful
23．A．Shock B．Courage C．Fear D．Boredom
24．A．tracks B．marks C．signs D．lines
25．A．waited B．rested C．packed D．picnicked
26．A．turning back B．giving up C．falling down D．hiding away
27．A．beat B．built C．dressed D．forced
28．A．amazement B．credit C．knowledge D．regret
29．A．preparation B．training C．management D．observation
30．A．science B．teamwork C．beauty D．nature
三、阅读理解（共15 小题；每小题2分，计30分）
阅读下列内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A
I put on the clothes and practised walking like a girl. “What do you think, Jim ” “Very good, Huck. Nobody will know you’re a boy! Be careful!” I took the boat and rowed to the town. Very soon I met a woman. She told me that her husband was looking for a runaway slave (奴隶). “They’re going to Jackson’s island tonight to catch him,” she said.
① I hurried back to the cave. “Jim! They know you’re here. They’re coming to get you tonight. We must leave now!” We put all our things on the boat and set off down the river for Cairo, where the Mississippi and the Ohio rivers meet.
② We never went to Cairo. We ran into a thick fog on the river one night and couldn’t see a yard in front of us. The next day it cleared, but there was no sight of a town that looked like Cairo. “Maybe we missed it in the fog,” Jim said. ③ We went on boating down the river.
We had a few adventures on the way, but nobody caught us. Our life on the boat was very pleasant and I was enjoying myself. During the day we made a camp under the trees and slept. As soon as it got dark, we set off again. We could make a small fire to cook fish on our boat. After dinner, we swam in the moonlight and lay on our backs, looking at the stars.
How I wished life would go on like this! ④ However, something happened one morning and our life changed...
—Adapted from Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
31．Why did Huck dress up like a girl
A．Because he wanted to talk to some women.
B．Because he thought girls’ clothes were more beautiful.
C．Because he didn’t want others to know who he was.
D．Because there were only girls’ clothes to wear.
32．Which is the best place for the sentence “This wasn’t good news for Jim.”
A．① B．② C．③ D．④
33．What made them miss the town of Cairo
A．The thick fog. B．The trees. C．The Mississippi. D．The boat.
34．When did they set off every day
A．In the morning. B．At noon. C．In the afternoon. D．At night.
35．If there was another paragraph to follow, what would it probably talk about
A．The place Huck and Jim wanted to go.
B．Something unpleasant that happened to them.
C．Someone they made friends with and had fun with.
D．The reason why they had adventures on the river.
B
It may sound hard to believe that animals can predict earthquakes, but many facts seem to support this idea.
The earliest report of unusual animal actions before a big earthquake was from Greece in 373 BC． Rats and weasels (黄鼠狼) left their homes and went to safe places several days before a strong earthquake.
On February 4, 1975, Chinese officers told people in Haicheng, Liaoning to leave their houses and stay outdoors. They thought a disaster was coming, partly because of animals’ strange actions. For example, many toads (蟾蜍) appeared in the streets and sleeping snakes came out of the ground. Hours later, a big and strong earthquake hit the city.
Another example happened in December 2004 in a national park in Sri Lanka. The animals felt something wrong that day. Birds flew away for no reason, and elephants ran to higher ground. Minutes later, a huge earthquake happened under the sea.
However, scientists say that although animals act strangely before earthquakes, this does not mean they can predict disasters. It could just be a natural answer because all animals have the ability to stay away from danger.
So how do they do it Animals have very good senses. They can find small environmental changes we do not notice. Some have strong hearing or smell; others can notice changes in atmospheric pressure (大气压). For example, fish can feel changes in water pressure, so they may jump out of water or swim in strange ways before an earthquake.
Although scientists do not agree on animals’ special ability, it is good to pay more attention to the animals around you.
36．What animals left home before the big earthquake in 373 BC
A．Toads and snakes. B．Birds and elephants.
C．Rats and weasels. D．Fish and rabbits.
37．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3
A．Animals in Sri Lanka acted strangely before a big disaster.
B．Strange animal actions helped save people in Haicheng in 1975.
C．Scientists have different ideas about animals and earthquakes.
D．The earliest report of strange animal actions was from Greece.
38．What did animals in Sri Lanka’s national park do before the 2004 earthquake
A．Fish jumped out of water.
B．Toads appeared in the streets.
C．Rats and weasels went to safe places.
D．Birds flew away and elephants went to higher ground.
39．What can we infer from Paragraph 6
A．All animals have a strong smell.
B．Fish don’t need much water when in danger.
C．People could know earthquakes well before they came in the past.
D．Animals have good senses to notice small environmental changes.
40．What is the main idea of the text
A．We must keep animals away before earthquakes.
B．Animals may feel earthquakes before humans.
C．Scientists agree on animals’ ability to predict disasters.
D．People must stay outdoors when seeing strange animal actions.
C
Recently, Coeur d’Alene High School student Adeline Smith, 17, won the Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes.
Each year, the Barron Prize honors 25 amazing young people aged 8-18 who have made a big positive difference to others, their communities and the environment. Fifteen top winners each receive $10,000 to help with their service work or higher education.
Adeline started a nonprofit (非营利性组织) called Growing the STEM. It created math and science programs for students in 14 Idaho schools that need help. In the past school year, her team brought in more than 100 teen volunteers to coach over 900 primary and middle school students in 45 after-school programs. Her programs include Mathletes, STEAM Club, Engineering Club. STEM Book Club, Math is Cool and Chess Club.
“I’ve realized that even a small effort can create an amazing snowball effect.” Adeline said “And I’ve learned my life’s purpose is to improve things for others.”
Each year, her team organizes a large trivia night fundraiser (筹款活动). The money helps pay for her nonprofit’s costs. Most of it is used to pay school teachers who direct the teen coaches.
Adeline got her idea in 2016 when she helped a fourth grader with math and realized the power of student-to-student help. The following year, she and her older sister Lilian started a math program and created an after-school math team to help students prepare for a math competition (竞赛).
Many years later, Growing the STEM continues to help girls and students from poor families in STEM studies and activities.
41．Why did Adeline win the Gloria Barron Prize
A．She donated lots of money to her community.
B．She made great efforts to protect the environment.
C．She created a nonprofit to help students learn STEM.
D．She helped poor students in getting higher education.
42．Who might be volunteers for Growing the STEM
①high school students skilled in engineering
②primary school students interested in science
③college teachers with years of experience
④middle school students good at math
A．①③ B．①④ C．②③ D．②④
43．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 4 mean
A．日积月累，功到自然。 B．千里之行，始于足下。
C．星星之火，可以燎原。 D．千里之堤，溃于蚁穴。
44．What is introduced about Growing the STEM in paragraph 6
A．Its early development. B．Its colorful programs.
C．Its great influence. D．Its future plan.
45．In which unit of a textbook can the text be found
A．Unit 1 Human and Nature B．Unit 2 Society and Charity
C．Unit 3 Art and Literature D．Unit 4 Travel and Transportation
四、词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，计10分）
根据句子意思，用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。
46．The project was a big ________ (successful) and everyone was happy with the result.
47．After thinking carefully, Tom made a ________ (decide) to control his anger through deep breathing.
48．The ________ (introduce) of the new policy has led to a heated debate.
49．They ________ (visit) the old people’s home tomorrow.
50．Swimming alone in this river is ________ (safe) because the water is deep and cold.
51．Tom is always ________ (积极的) in helping his neighbors carry heavy things on weekends.
52．My uncle has been to many ________ (亚洲的) countries on business.
53．Doing ________ (书法) helps improve my writing skills and makes me calm.
54．We should try our best to protect the ________ (环境) and make it cleaner and more beautiful.
55．Children should learn to ________ (观察) things around them.
五、阅读表达（共5 小题；每小题2分，计10分）
阅读下面短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题，并将答案写到答题卡的相应位置。
Alice walked into a garden and saw a long table. At the table sat the Mad Hatter, the March Hare, and the Dormouse. They were having a tea party. There were many cups and plates, but no one was eating or drinking.
“No room! No room!” they cried when they saw Alice.
“There is plenty of room,” said Alice, and she sat down in a big chair.
The Mad Hatter looked at Alice and asked her a riddle, “Why is a raven (渡鸦) like a writing desk ”
Alice thought hard, but she could not answer. “I give up,” she said. “What’s the answer ”
“I haven’t the slightest idea,” said the Hatter.
Then the March Hare took out his watch. He looked at it angrily and then dipped it into his tea. “It was the best butter,” he said sadly.
Alice looked at the watch. “That’s a strange way to keep time,” she said.
“Time is a person,” said the Hatter. “If you are friends with Time, he will let the clock do whatever you want. But he doesn’t like me, so it’s always six o’clock here-tea time forever!”
—Adapted from Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland
56．Who was having the tea party
57．What did the Mad Hatter ask Alice
58．What did the March Hare do with his watch
59．Why was it always six o’clock at the tea party
60．What do you think of the Mad Hatter (开放性问题，要言之有理)
六、短文填空（共 10空；每空1分，计10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号内单词的正确形式。
Last weekend, my brother and I went on an exciting hike to Mount Huangshan. The weather was 61 (change)——one moment the sun was shining, and later,clouds covered the sky. At the risk 62 getting wet, we still decided to keep going.
We walked three miles without feeling tired.My brother, who dreams of being an 63 (explore), showed the way. He pointed out 64 (usual) rocks, strange pines and a sea of clouds. And I followed him closely. The 65 (high) we climbed, the cooler the air became. The temperature dropped by a few degrees, so we quickly put on our jackets.
Along the path, we met a friendly climber who told us about the best places to see. We stopped to enjoy colorful flowers and Jiulong Waterfall. I enjoyed 66 (take) photos of the scenery, and the sound of running water made everything peaceful. Bit by bit, the sky turned orange as the sun began to set.
Finally, we reached the top 67 (successful). The sight was even more amazing than we expected 68 it felt like we were on the top of the world! We were excited and took 69 photo together, recording the perfect moment.
Though the hike was a little 70 (risk) at times, it was an experience we would never forget. That night, as we walked back, I realized that even small trips can bring great happiness.
七、书面表达（计30分）
A.句子翻译（共5 小题；每小题2分，计10分）
71．珠穆朗玛峰是世界最伟大的奇观之一。
____________________________________________________
72．这是一部根据作者自身经历创作的经典文学小说。
____________________________________________________
73．尽管你们吵架了，但你们仍然是很亲密的朋友。
____________________________________________________
74．两个学生站在雪里，尊敬地等待陈大师醒来。
____________________________________________________
75．当她从自行车摔下来，她伤到了自己。
____________________________________________________
B.写作（计20分）
76．假设你是李华，你的美国笔友Mike下个月将来中国学习。他写信向你询问中国的习俗和礼仪。请你给他回一封邮件，告诉他一些在中国的注意事项。
内容包括：
1．见面礼仪（握手、微笑等）；
2．餐桌礼仪（使用筷子、不将筷子插在饭里等）；
3．其他建议（如礼物赠送、称呼等）。
要求：
1．语句通顺，逻辑清晰，包含所有要点；
2．字数80词以上。邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mike,
I’m glad to know that you will come to China next month. Here are some customs you should know. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hope you will have a great time in China!
Yours,
Li Hua
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．C
【解析】句意：这个记者明天将采访那位著名歌手。
invite邀请；decide决定；interview采访；collect收集。根据主语“The reporter”（记者）和宾语“the famous singer”（著名歌手）可知，记者的工作职责是采访。应填interview。
2．A
【解析】句意：——哦，不！我还没写完读书报告。——别担心。李老师没有说什么时候交。
when to hand in 什么时候交；what to hand in 交什么；how to hand in 怎么交；where to hand in 在哪里交。根据前句“I haven‘t finished writing my book report”可知，第一个人担心没写完，第二个人安慰说“别担心”，说明李老师没有规定什么时候交，所以还有时间，应填when to hand in。
3．B
【解析】句意：金先生将英语语法解释得很清楚以至于我能理解它。
recently最近；clearly清楚地；quickly快速地；heavily严重地，强烈地。根据“explains English grammar so...that I can understand it”可知，我能够理解说明金先生解释得很清楚，用clearly。
4．B
【解析】句意：当你去中国朋友家做客时，他们通常会给你端上一杯茶。
borrow借入；offer提供；lend借出；ask询问。根据“When you visit a friend’s home in China, they will usually...you a cup of tea.”及生活常识可知，主人会招待客人，即“提供”茶水，offer sb. sth.意为“提供某物给某人”，符合题意。
5．A
【解析】句意：虽然我的诗只有三行，但我的朋友说它深深地打动了他们的心。
Although虽然；If如果；When当……时；Until直到。诗很短却打动了朋友，前后为让步关系，应用Although引导让步状语从句。
6．A
【解析】句意：对不起。我不该那样说。我收回那句话。
take it back收回。give it up放弃，clean it up清理，try it on试穿。根据“I’m sorry. I shouldn’t have said that.”可知，说话者后悔说了那句话，想要收回。
7．D
【解析】句意：虽然我可以在网上欣赏西湖的美景，但亲自到那个地点更令人惊叹。
Because因为；in person亲自；So所以；on person错误表达；If如果；by person错误表达；Although虽然。根据“online”与“at the place”的对比，前后句意存在让步转折关系，应用Although引导让步状语从句；固定短语“in person”表示“亲自”。
8．A
【解析】句意：——经过长时间的练习，这支队伍在比赛中成功地完成了这项困难的任务。——他们的努力终于得到了回报。
successfully成功地；carefully仔细地；quickly快速地；quietly安静地。根据答语“Their hard work finally paid off.”可知，努力得到了回报，说明任务完成得很成功，successfully符合语境。
9．C
【解析】句意：陆先生知道如何教育他的孩子，因为他自己曾经是一名老师。
yourself你自己；herself她自己；himself他自己；myself我自己。根据句中主语he可知，此处强调他本人曾经是一名老师，应选用与he对应的反身代词himself。
10．D
【解析】句意：——我不想独自去电影院。——来吧。我们一起去吧。
almost几乎；already已经；away离开；alone独自。根据答语“Come on. Let’s go together.”可知，对方建议一起去，说明前者不想独自去。应填alone。
11．B
【解析】句意：这个小男孩尽最大努力给这个贫困家庭带来改变。
decision决定；difference差异，不同；promise承诺；plan计划。根据“tried his best”和“to the poor family”可知，小男孩想帮助贫困家庭，改善他们的处境，make a difference意为“起作用，有影响，使情况好转”，符合句意。
12．B
【解析】句意：他的叔叔已经离开三年了。我们都非常想念他。
left离开，过去时，短暂性动词；has been away已经离开，现在完成时，延续性短语；has left已经离开，现在完成时，leave为短暂性动词；is away不在，一般现在时，只表状态，不强调从过去延续至今。根据时间状语“for three years”可知，句子应用现在完成时，且谓语动词需用延续性动词。leave是瞬间动词，不能与时间段连用，其对应的延续性状态为be away。主语His uncle是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故选B。
13．C
【解析】句意：下周五将有一场运动会。
根据时间状语“next Friday”，表示将来时间，应用一般将来时，there be句型的一般将来时为there will be，应填will be。
14．C
【解析】句意：——我必须今天归还杂志吗？——不，你不必。你可以再保留一个月。
needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止；borrow借入 (瞬间动词，不能与时间段连用)；keep保留 (延续性动词，可与时间段连用)。第一空，对“Must”的否定回答用“needn’t”；第二空，“for another month”是时间段，应用延续性动词“keep”。应填“needn’t; keep”。
15．A
【解析】句意：参加法式派对不宜过早到达，因为主人或许还在做筹备工作。
because因为；unless除非；so that以便；as soon as一……就……。根据“shouldn’t arrive early…the host may still be preparing”可知，后半句“主人可能还在准备”是前半句“不应该早到”的原因，因此使用because引导原因状语从句。
16．C 17．A 18．C 19．B 20．D 21．D 22．C 23．C 24．A 25．B 26．B 27．D 28．A 29．A 30．D
【导语】本文讲述作者初到澳大利亚，计划骑行探险，途中遭遇高温迷路，最终循着发动机声响获救，从中收获经验、敬畏自然的故事。
【解析】16．句意：在非洲享受过户外探险后，我计划夏季沿着蒙达比迪小径骑行，全然没料到酷热天气。
空后对应后文野外骑行探险经历，adventures（探险）契合户外野外活动；games游戏、competitions比赛、programs项目均不符合野外徒步骑行语境。
17．句意：在非洲享受过户外探险后，我计划夏季沿着蒙达比迪小径骑行，没意识到极端高温。
作者是刚到澳大利亚的新人，没有充分意识到当地酷热的严重性，依然计划了骑行，be unaware of为固定搭配，意为“没意识到”；uncertain不确定、afraid害怕、tired疲惫无法和of构成该逻辑搭配。
18．句意：我满怀兴奋开启旅程。
开篇作者满心期待开启骑行，excitedly兴奋地贴合出发时的心情；carefully细心地、nervously紧张地、proudly骄傲地不符合开篇期待探险的情绪。
19．句意：气温酷热难耐，但我带了一大瓶水，寄望避难所的雨水补给。
前文“the extreme heat”提示气温极高，extreme极端的，符合句意；average平均的、comfortable舒适的、changeable多变的和酷热细节矛盾。
20．句意：抵达后不出所料，雨水储备充足，我决定在此过夜。
作者到达庇护所后，发现雨水补给充足，于是决定在这里过夜，decided to do决定做某事，结合落脚避难所过夜的语境；agreed同意、hoped希望、tried尝试均不能体现敲定留宿的含义。
21．句意：第二天，受山林大火损毁，小径路标变得难以辨认。
很多路径标记被林火损毁，很难辨认出标记，identify路标，符合句意；describe描述、explore探索、understand理解不适用路标辨识场景。
22．句意：没有 GPS、沿途不见其他骑行者，我渐渐变得焦虑。
迷路+孤身一人的处境催生焦虑情绪，anxious焦虑的；angry生气的、curious好奇的、powerful有力的不符合孤身迷路的心理。
23．句意：当意识到自己迷路时，恐惧感愈发强烈。
身处野外迷路滋生恐惧，Fear恐惧；Shock震惊、Courage勇气、Boredom无聊和迷路后的心理不符。
24．句意：我试着折返，却只在原地绕圈，找不到来时的踪迹。
作者尝试往回走，却只是绕回了自己之前走过的足迹，tracks（足迹、轨迹）符合；marks印记、signs标识、lines线条侧重人为划线，不适用野外迷路寻路场景。
25．句意：又累又渴，我放下自行车在树下休息，绝望地闭上双眼，险些放弃。
作者又累又渴，放下自行车在树下休息，Worn-out and thirsty疲惫口渴，对应rested休息；waited等待、packed打包、picnicked野餐不符合困顿处境。
26．句意：又累又渴，我放下自行车在树下休息，绝望地闭上双眼，险些放弃。
作者已经陷入绝望，几乎要放弃了，giving up放弃契合绝望心态；turning back折返、falling down摔倒、hiding away躲藏和绝望濒临放弃的文意不符。
27．句意：我强撑着站起身，朝着声响走去。
作者已经筋疲力尽，听到声音后强迫自己站起来朝声源走去，force oneself up固定搭配，“挣扎起身、强撑站起来”；beat击打、built建造、dressed穿衣无该搭配。
28．句意：令我惊喜的是，我抵达了洛格布鲁克水坝，人们正在划船休闲。
本已绝望，却意外走到了有人活动的水库，作者十分惊喜，to one’s amazement固定短语，令某人惊喜的是；credit信用、knowledge知识、regret懊悔无此搭配逻辑。
29．句意：我的首次澳洲冒险让我明白了周密准备的重要性。
经历迷路险境后感悟事前准备的重要，preparation准备，符合句意；training训练、management管理、observation观察和出行事前筹备的主旨不符。
30．句意：同时也让我发自内心敬畏大自然的力量。
全程受高温、野外环境左右境遇，对应nature大自然；science科学、teamwork团队协作、beauty美景无法概括野外自然环境的威力。
31．C 32．A 33．A 34．D 35．B
【导语】本文改编自《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》，记叙了哈克乔装打探消息后得知吉姆将被抓捕，二人乘船出逃，因大雾错失开罗，在船上度过一段惬意生活，而后变故突生的故事。
【解析】31．文章首段中“Nobody will know you’re a boy!”点明哈克打扮成女孩是为了隐藏身份、不让别人知道他是谁。
32．句子“This wasn’t good news for Jim.”意为“这对吉姆来说并不是好消息”，由此可知，其前应是关于吉姆的消息。根据“They’re going to Jackson’s island tonight to catch him”可知，哈克遇到的那个妇人告诉他当晚有人要去岛上抓吉姆，因此该句应位于①处。
33．第三段中“We never went to Cairo. We ran into a thick fog on the river one night and couldn’t see a yard in front of us…‘Maybe we missed it in the fog,’ Jim said.”说明，第二天雾散后，他们没看到开罗镇，吉姆推测他们可能在雾中就错过了这个小镇，这直接说明浓雾导致能见度低，让他们错过了目的地。
34．第四段中“As soon as it got dark, we set off again.”表明，他们每天晚上出发。
35．文章最后一段中提到“How I wished life would go on like this! However, something happened one morning and our life changed…”，其中“However”表示转折，暗示接下来会发生不愉快的变故，这符合故事发展逻辑。
36．C 37．B 38．D 39．D 40．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍动物在地震前出现异常行为的现象，分析其可能原因，同时说明科学家对“动物能否预测地震”存在争议。
【解析】36．第二段提到“The earliest report... was from Greece in 373 BC. Rats and weasels left their homes and went to safe places several days before a strong earthquake”，公元前373年地震前离开家的动物是老鼠和黄鼠狼。
37．第三段讲述1975年海城地震前，动物出现异常行为（蟾蜍上街、蛇出洞），官员据此预警，帮助人们避险，核心是“动物异常行为帮助拯救了海城的人”。
38．第四段提到“Another example happened in December 2004 in a national park in Sri Lanka...Birds flew away for no reason, and elephants ran to higher ground”，斯里兰卡国家公园的动物在2004年地震前的行为是鸟飞走、大象跑向高地。
39．第六段提到“Animals have very good senses. They can find small environmental changes we do not notice”，可推断出动物有敏锐的感官能察觉微小的环境变化。
40．文章围绕“动物在地震前可能比人类先感知到异常”展开，虽科学家有争议，但现象存在，“Animals may feel earthquakes before humans”最贴合主旨。
41．C 42．B 43．C 44．A 45．B
【导语】本文是一篇人物报道，介绍了17岁高中生Adeline Smith因其创办的非营利组织“Growing the STEM”帮助学生学习数学和科学而荣获Gloria Barron青年英雄奖，并讲述了该组织的起源、发展及影响。
【解析】41．第三段明确指出“Adeline started a nonprofit called Growing the STEM. It created math and science programs for students in 14 Idaho schools that need help.”说明她获奖是因为创办非营利组织帮助学生学习STEM。
42．第三段明确指出“her team brought in more than 100 teen volunteers to coach over 900 primary and middle school students.”说明志愿者是青少年（teen volunteers），辅导对象是小学生和初中生（在美式英语中，“middle school”通常指初中）。①高中生和④初中生属于青少年，符合志愿者身份。
43．第四段中“even a small effort can create an amazing snowball effect”意为“即使是小小的努力也能产生惊人的滚雪球效应”，比喻小行动可以带来大影响，与“星星之火，可以燎原”意思相近。
44．第六段讲述了Adeline在2016年帮助一个四年级学生后获得启发，次年与姐姐创办数学项目并组建课后数学队，这是Growing the STEM的早期发展历程。
45．文章讲述了青少年通过创办非营利组织服务社会、帮助他人的故事，属于社会与慈善主题，因此最可能出现在教材的“社会与慈善”单元。
46．success
【解析】句意：这个项目取得了巨大的成功，每个人都对结果很满意。空格前有冠词a和形容词big，说明这里需要一个名词。提示词successful为形容词，其名词形式为success。
47．decision
【解析】句意：经过仔细考虑后，汤姆做出了一个决定：通过深呼吸来控制自己的愤怒。句中“a”为不定冠词，后面需要接可数名词单数作宾语。decide的名词形式为decision，意为“决定”，符合句意。
48．introduction
【解析】句意：这项新政策的引入引发了一场激烈的辩论。分析句子结构可知，定冠词“The”后需接名词作句子的主语，括号内“introduce”是动词，意为“介绍；引入”，其名词形式为“introduction”，表示“引入、推行”，此处用单数形式即可。
49．will visit
【解析】句意：他们明天将去养老院看望老人。根据时间状语“tomorrow”提示，动作发生在将来，应用一般将来时will+动词原形visit。
50．unsafe
【解析】句意：在这条河里独自游泳是不安全的，因为水又深又冷。根据“Swimming alone in this river”和“the water is deep and cold”可知，在这条河里独自游泳是不安全的，safe的反义词为unsafe，表示“不安全的”，故填unsafe。
51．active
【解析】句意：汤姆总是在周末积极帮助邻居搬重物。此处表示“积极的”用形容词“active”，在“is”后作表语，故填active。
52．Asian
【解析】句意：我的叔叔出差去过很多亚洲国家。分析句子结构可知，修饰名词“countries”需用形容词。“亚洲的”对应的英语单词为Asian，是形容词，符合句子结构。专有形容词首字母大写，故填Asian。
53．calligraphy
【解析】句意：练习书法帮我提升我的写作技能，让我冷静。“书法”对应不可数名词calligraphy。
54．environment
【解析】句意：我们应该尽全力保护环境，让它变得更干净、更美丽。空格前有定冠词the，在动词protect后面作宾语，“环境” 对应的英文单词是environment，为不可数名词。
55．observe
【解析】句意：孩子们应该学会观察身边的事物。中文提示“观察”，对应英文为observe，固定搭配learn to do sth.表示“学会做某事”，to后接动词原形，填observe。
56．The Mad Hatter, the March Hare and the Dormouse. 57．He asked her why a raven was like a writing desk. 58．He took out his watch, looked at it angrily, and then dipped it into his tea. 59．Because Time doesn’t like the Mad Hatter. 60．I think he is strange because he asks riddles without answers.
【导语】本文介绍了爱丽丝进入花园，遇上疯帽匠等人的奇妙茶会。
【解析】56．第一段第二句“At the table sat the Mad Hatter, the March Hare, and the Dormouse.”，原文明确给出参会人员信息，可直接提取。
57．第四段“The Mad Hatter looked at Alice and asked her a riddle, ‘Why is a raven (渡鸦) like a writing desk ’”，原文明确说明疯帽匠的行为和问题内容，可直接提取。
58．第七段“Then the March Hare took out his watch. He looked at it angrily and then dipped it into his tea.”，按顺序整合三月兔对表做的一系列动作即可。
59．最后一段疯帽匠的对话中“But he doesn’t like me, so it’s always six o’clock here-tea time forever!”，直接提取因果信息，整理为通顺回答。
60．开放性试题，言之有理即可。根据文中疯帽子问没有答案的谜语、把表浸入茶中等行为，可以认为他奇怪、有趣或疯狂。言之有理即可，需给出观点及理由。
61．changeable 62．of 63．explorer 64．unusual 65．higher 66．taking 67．successfully 68．and 69．a 70．risky
【导语】本文主要讲述了上周末和哥哥徒步黄山，历经多变天气成功登顶，收获难忘美好体验的经历。
【解析】61．句意：天气变幻无常—— 一会儿阳光明媚，片刻后乌云密布。be动词后接形容词作表语，change的形容词形式changeable意为“易变的，多变的”。
62．句意：冒着被淋湿的风险，我们依旧决定继续前行。at the risk of，意为“冒着……的风险”。
63．句意：我的哥哥梦想成为一名探险家，由他带路。an后接表示人的名词，explore的名词形式explorer意为“探险家”。
64．句意：他指出了奇特的岩石、怪异的松树和云海。结合后文“strange pines”可知，此处表示“不寻常的、奇特的”，usual的反义词unusual。
65．句意：我们爬得越高，空气就越凉爽。固定句型the+比较级，the+比较级，意为“越……，越……”，high的比较级为higher。
66．句意：我喜欢拍摄风景照，潺潺的流水声让一切都十分宁静。enjoy doing sth.，意为“喜欢做某事”。
67．句意：最终，我们成功登顶。修饰动词reached需用副词，successful的副词形式为successfully。
68．句意：眼前的景色比我们预想的还要震撼，我们仿佛置身于世界之巅。前后两句为顺承并列关系，用并列连词and。
69．句意：我们激动不已，一起拍了一张照片，记录下这完美的时刻。固定搭配take a photo，意为“拍照”。
70．句意：尽管这次徒步有时有点冒险，但却是一段我们永远不会忘记的经历。be动词后接形容词作表语，risk的形容词形式risky意为“冒险的”。
71．Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders in the world.
【解析】“珠穆朗玛峰是世界最伟大的奇观之一。”译为“Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders in the world.”。“珠穆朗玛峰”是专有名词，译为“Mount Qomolangma”；主语Mount Qomolangma是单数，be动词用is；“……之一”译为“one of”；“最伟大的奇观”译为“the greatest wonders”；“在世界”译为“in the world”。
72．It is a classic literary novel based on the author’s own life experiences.
【解析】“这是一部根据作者自身经历创作的经典文学小说。”译为It is a classic literary novel based on the author’s own life experiences.。其中“这是一部经典文学小说”对应It is a classic literary novel；“根据作者自身经历创作的”对应based on the author’s own life experiences，过去分词短语作后置定语修饰novel；句子为一般现在时，主语为单数，be动词用is。
73．Although you argued, you are still very close friends.
【解析】“尽管你们吵架了，但你们仍然是很亲密的朋友。”译为“Although you argued, you are still very close friends.”该句为让步状语从句，主句使用一般现在时，从句使用一般过去时；尽管：although，引导让步状语从句；你们：you，在从句中作主语；吵架了：argued，在从句中作谓语；你们：you，在主句中作主语；仍然是：are still，在主句中作系动词；很亲密的朋友：very close friends，在主句中作表语。
74．Two students stood in the snow, waiting respectfully for Master Chen to wake up.
【解析】“两个学生站在雪里，尊敬地等待陈大师醒来。” 译为 Two students stood in the snow, waiting respectfully for Master Chen to wake up. “站在雪里” 用 stood in the snow 表示，现在分词 waiting 作伴随状语，“尊敬地” 用 respectfully 修饰动词，“等待某人醒来” 用 wait for sb. to wake up 表示。
75．When she fell off the bike, she hurt herself.
【解析】句子描述的是过去发生的动作，因此主句和从句均使用一般过去时。“当……时”用连词when引导时间状语从句。“从……摔下来”译为fall off，其过去式为fell off；“伤到自己”译为hurt oneself。主语是she，反身代词对应使用herself；动词hurt的过去式与原形相同，仍为hurt。
76．参考范文
Dear Mike,
I’m glad to know that you will come to China next month. Here are some customs you should know.
First, when meeting people, a smile and a handshake are necessary. They show you are friendly. Second, pay attention to table manners. We use chopsticks for meals. Remember not to stick them into the rice vertically, because it is impolite. Third, when visiting friends, small gifts like fruit are proper. It’s important to avoid expensive presents. Also, call elders with titles politely, like “Ayi” or “Shushu”. It shows respect. If you follow these customs, you will fit in well soon.
Hope you will have a great time in China!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意］
确定文体：应用文，以一般现在时为主
明确要点：见面礼仪、餐桌礼仪、其他建议（礼物赠送、称呼等）
确定人称：第二人称为主
注意事项：不得透露真实姓名和学校名称（已满足）
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构：
开头段：表达高兴心情并引出下文，总起介绍中国习俗
主体段：分别说明见面礼仪、餐桌礼仪、其他建议（礼物与称呼）
结尾段：表达祝愿，希望对方在中国过得愉快
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：见面礼仪
礼仪方式：smile/handshake/nod/eye contact
作用效果：show you are friendly/make others feel welcome/express politeness
要点二：餐桌礼仪
餐具使用：use chopsticks/don’t use forks/avoid making noise
禁忌行为：not stick chopsticks into rice vertically/not point at others with chopsticks/not tap bowls
原因解释：it is impolite/considered bad luck/looks rude
要点三：其他建议
礼物赠送：small gifts like fruit/flowers/tea/avoid expensive presents
称呼方式：call elders with titles like “Ayi”/“Shushu”/“Laoshi”/use family name
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)

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