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/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级下册英语期末能力提升培优卷外研版（新教材）
注意事项 考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求 1.本试卷共8页，包含选择题（第1题~第45题，共45题）、非选择题（第46题~第76题，共31题）两部分。本卷满分120分，考试时间为100分钟。考试结束后，请将本试卷一并交回。 2.答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷的规定位置，在试卷第一面的右下角填写好座位号。
一、单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，计15分）
在下列各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。
1．You’d better ________ your phone before you go to sleep, because it’s harmful to your eyes.
A．don’t use B．use C．not use D．not to use
2．Can you tell me ________ the library is
A．what B．where C．when D．how
3．Let’s ________ the room together, it’s too messy.
A．tidy up B．clean up C．A and B D．pick up
4．We should put more effort ________ our study.
A．in B．into C．to D．for
5．To protect your eyes, you ________ rest your eyes every 20 minutes.
A．should B．shouldn’t C．would D．couldn’t
6．I’m uncertain ________ the school will organize a review class before the entrance exam, so I plan to consult the teacher.
A．whose B．if C．that D．which
7．Could you inform me ________ you will take the online mock exam or the offline one this weekend or not
A．whether B．that C．where D．if
8．Some useful books and pens ________ for the poor students in the mountain village last month.
A．provided B．was provided C．were provided D．are provided
9．Peter, if you keep making much noise at home, you ________ by your father.
A．punish B．punished C．will punish D．will be punished
10．A new science lab ________ in our school next year.
A．builds B．built C．was built D．will be built
11．Will cashiers ________ by machines in supermarkets in the future
A．replace B．replaced C．be replaced D．replaces
12．Do you know ________ buy the English workbook
A．where can we B．where will we C．where we can D．where does we
13．The team ________ of 15 members and they all work hard for the same goal.
A．is made B．makes C．made D．making
14．—Must we hand in our exercise books today
—No, you ________.
A．needn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t
15．He is by no ________ a lazy boy. He always works hard.
A．mean B．means C．meaning D．meanings
二、完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题1分，计15分）
Now more and more students like to stay at home on weekends and play online games. Some parents are worried about this. They think playing games too much is 16 for their children’s study and health. But some students say online games can help them 17 themselves after busy school days.
Last weekend, our class had a discussion about online games. Different students had 18 ideas. Li Ming said he liked online games very much. He thought games could bring him 19 . When he felt tired or upset, playing games could make him feel 20 . He also made many new 21 while playing games with others online.
However, Wang Hong didn’t agree with Li Ming. She said she 22 played online games. She thought it was a waste of 23 . Many students spent too much time on games and 24 their homework. Some students even stayed up late to play games, so they felt 25 in class the next day. What’s worse, some bad games had bad influence 26 teenagers.
Our head teacher gave us some useful 27 at last. She said online games were not totally bad. We could play them for a short time to relax, 28 we couldn’t spend too much time on them. As students, our main 29 is to study. We should arrange our time 30 and develop more healthy hobbies, such as reading, sports and painting.
16．A．good B．bad C．ready D．famous
17．A．relax B．learn C．work D．forget
18．A．same B．strange C．different D．simple
19．A．trouble B．sadness C．happiness D．danger
20．A．worse B．better C．colder D．hungrier
21．A．friends B．plans C．rules D．dreams
22．A．always B．often C．usually D．never
23．A．money B．time C．food D．water
24．A．finished B．forgot C．enjoyed D．changed
25．A．excited B．active C．sleepy D．relaxed
26．A．on B．in C．at D．for
27．A．stories B．gifts C．advice D．messages
28．A．and B．but C．so D．or
29．A．hobby B．game C．job D．show
30．A．carelessly B．clearly C．loudly D．properly
三、阅读理解（共15 小题；每小题2分，计30分）
阅读下列内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A
Do you get angry when a friend borrows your favorite thing and then breaks it Do you get angry when your team loses an important game Do you get angry when your teacher gives you too much homework Do you get angry when your best friend does not wait for you after school Anger is a kind of feeling.
Usually, your body will tell you when you are angry. For example, you breathe faster, your face turns red, and you may want to break something or hit someone, but sometimes you hide your anger. For example, you are really angry, but you may keep it to yourself. The worst thing is to do nothing but keep quiet. If you do this, maybe you will get a headache or stomachache.
So what can we do when we get angry In fact, it’s normal for you to get angry sometimes. But anger must be let out in the right way. Is it better to cry or break things whenever something makes us angry Research points out that when we show our anger in this way, we probably can’t get on well with our friends and our family. The more time we keep being angry, the worse results we’ll get.
One good way is to keep a record. Every time you get angry, write down why you are angry. Look at it later and you will find it felt like all the anger inside you go away from your body. Besides, ▲ . When you get angry, you can talk about it with other people and share your problems with them, such as your friends, a teacher, etc. Last, do some controlled breathing or find some physical activities. Doing some housework or exercise helps with feelings of anger.
Anger is a normal feeling. Knowing it and learning to solve it in a right way are important.
31．The writer leads in the topic by _________.
A．telling a story B．giving excuses C．making a survey D．asking questions
32．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．being angry B．your idea C．your headache D．healthy body
33．Which can help deal with the feelings of anger according to the text
a. Exercising. b. Listening to music.
c. Writing down the feelings. d. Doing some controlled breathing.
A．abc B．abd C．acd D．bcd
34．Which of the following can be put in the ▲
A．go to swim for half an hour B．understand others
C．say how you’re feeling and why D．eat out
35．What’s the structure of the passage (①= Paragraph 1)
A．①-②③-④⑤ B．①-②-③④-⑤ C．①②-③④-⑤ D．①②-③-④⑤
B
The Dead Sea is located in the Jordan Rift Valley (约旦大裂谷) in southwest Asia. It is about 50 kilometres long and 15 kilometres wide at its widest point. It sits at about 430 metres below sea level, making it the lowest point on Earth’s land.
What’s interesting is that the Dead Sea isn’t actually a sea. It’s a lake with a salt concentration (含盐度) of more than 30 percent, which is about eight times saltier than typical seawater. This makes it one of the saltiest bodies of water on Earth.
The Dead Sea stays so salty due to its special natural conditions. Each year, it receives very little rainfall, and only a small amount of fresh water flows into it. And the hot weather around the Dead Sea causes the fresh water to evaporate (蒸发) quickly, which makes the salt concentration even higher. For these reasons, it is also known as the Salt Sea.
If you were to swim in the Dead Sea, you wouldn’t see any sea life-no plants or animals. The high salt concentration makes it impossible for them to survive there. That’s actually why it’s called the Dead Sea.
However, don’t let the name or not having any sea life scare you. Even if you fall into the Dead Sea and can’t swim, you won’t die. The high concentration of salt in the Dead Sea allows anyone to float well, without the need for life buoys (救生圈). In fact, many people visit the Dead Sea every year on vacation. If you walk along the shore, you’ll likely (很可能) see many people floating in the water, reading books or magazines.
36．Where is the Dead Sea
A．In the middle of a sea. B．On top of a high mountain.
C．In a rift valley in Asia. D．In a deep valley in America.
37．The Dead Sea is also known as the Salt Sea because ________.
A．it offers salt to all Jordanians B．it has a very high salt concentration
C．it supports lots of salt factories nearby D．it is home to many saltwater animals
38．Why did the Dead Sea get its name from “dead”
A．It has no living things. B．No water runs into it.
C．It has very little rainfall. D．No people live around it.
39．What can we infer (推断) from the last paragraph
A．Swimming in the Dead Sea is tiring.
B．The Dead Sea is a popular place for tourists.
C．The salt in the Dead Sea is bad for people’s skin (皮肤).
D．The Dead Sea is dangerous for people who can’t swim.
40．What’s the purpose of this passage
A．To show how the Dead Sea formed.
B．To explain how the Dead Sea got its name.
C．To let people know more about the Dead Sea.
D．To teach people how to float in the Dead Sea.
C
Scientists say that hobbies can make kids smarter, healthier and even more successful when they grow up. How
They Help You Learn
When you have a hobby, you learn new things. You have to read instructions (说明书). You look at websites, magazines and books to get more information about your hobby. More reading makes you a better reader and a better learner.
They Help You Be Creative
For many hobbies, such as building model cars and making pottery, you have to use your brain and your hands. We learn by doing things and by touching things. These kinds of activities make people more creative.
They Help You Be Relaxed
Having a hobby makes you feel good. Scientists say, “When you make something, the ‘feel-good’ part of your brain gets a message. It makes you feel happy.” When we feel happy, we have less stress (压力). Too much stress can make people sick.
They Help You Build Skills (技能)
People with hobbies learn how to set goals (目标) and work out problems. Learning these skills when you are young can help you when you grow up. For some kids, having a hobby can be the first step towards finding a good job in the future.
41．For which hobby do you have to use your brain and your hands
A．Watching cartoons. B．Reading novels.
C．Building model cars. D．Playing football.
42．What influence does too much stress have on people
A．It makes them feel sick. B．It helps them succeed.
C．It’s good for their health. D．It improves learning ability.
43．If kids have hobbies, they may _________ when they grow up.
A．have more ideas B．find better jobs
C．face more problems D．develop creative thinking faster
44．What is the text mainly about
A．The meaning of life. B．The ways of having hobbies.
C．The good points of hobbies for kids. D．How to choose a hobby for children.
45．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
四、词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，计10分）
根据句子意思，用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。
46．His ________ (explore) into natural wonders wins high praise from experts.
47．The ________ (depend) of wildlife on nature cannot be broken easily.
48．People worry about the ________ (survive) of endangered whales in oceans.
49．These facts make the ________ (know) secrets of nature become clear little by little.
50．Don’t ________ (destroy) the natural balance by catching wild animals randomly.
51．The football matches can help to build teamwork _________（精神）.
52．She does _________（志愿的）work at the animal shelter every weekend.
53．You can find a good restaurant _________ (在……之内) five minutes’ walk from here.
54．Basic skills like finding food are key to ________ (生存) in the wild.
55．He went ________ (疯狂的) after losing his job and started shouting.
五、阅读表达（共5 小题；每小题2分，计10分）
Everybody has his or her dream job. And me too. My dream is to work for foreign tourists (游客) as a tour guide.
Now let me share my reasons. First, I’m an outgoing (外向的) girl, and I like doing something exciting. Maybe being a tour guide is the best choice. If I become a tour guide, I can travel all around China and know more about our country. Then I will tell the foreign tourists about our colorful Chinese history. Second, I like making friends. And I am able to make lots of friends. If I work as a tour guide, I can make more friends all over the world. That may be great. Perhaps someday my foreign friends will ask me to visit their countries. I really like to go to their countries to know something about their cultures. The trip will be excellent. Third, I like singing. Singing English songs is my hobby. I believe I will be popular with foreign tourists.
Now, I am still a middle school student. My job now is to work hard in school. Then I’ll go to university to learn something about being a tour guide. I’m sure I can be a good tour guide when I grow up.
根据语篇内容，回答问题。
56．Who does the writer want to work for in the future
57．What’s the writer’s personality
58．Where does the writer come from
59．What’s the writer’s hobby
60．Do you want to be a tour guide Why or why not (不超过15个词)
六、短文填空（共 10空；每空1分，计10分）
阅读下面短文，用所给词的正确形式填空。
Most children have a sweet tooth. However, 61 (eat) too much candy or drinking too many sugary drinks is bad for our health. So far, many countries have started to do something to control the amount of sugary drinks kids can have.
A law limiting the sale and advertisement of sugary drinks started in Boston, the US, in August. It 62 (be) impossible to buy sugary drinks in schools and government buildings in the city next month.
Mayor Menino said of the reasons behind the law: “Forty 63 (percent) of the kids in Boston public schools are too heavy.” About one half of the US population aged 2 and older drink sugary drinks every day. One in five American children aged 12 to 19 is too heavy, according to the report.
Many other countries have taken similar actions already. In August, 64 (French) started a new tax (税) on sugary drinks. Hungary (匈牙利) 65 (introduce) a similar tax in early September. Governments hope this will keep populations 66 (healthy).
China 67 (face) the same problem now. According to a recent study by Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, middle school students in big 68 (city) in our country each drink about 1,200 mL of sugary drinks every day. In the last 20 years, the number of overweight school children has increased 5 to 10 times.
Gao Xiang of Harvard Medical School called on the Chinese government 69 (deal) with the situation. Some suggestions, including stopping the 70 (sell) of sugary drinks in schools and limiting their advertisements, was given by Gao, too.
七、书面表达（计30分）
A.句子翻译（共5 小题；每小题2分，计10分）
将下列句子译成英语，并将所译句子写在横线上。
71．你决定好在大雪节气时要做什么了吗？
___________________________________________________
72．没有人确定这种稀有植物是否能在人工环境下存活。
____________________________________________________
73．那不可能是他的书包，他的书包上有贴纸。
___________________________________________________
74．公交向来很准点，应该还有五分钟就到了。
___________________________________________________
75．他们夜以继日，争分夺秒，只为挽救更多的生命。
___________________________________________________
B.写作（计20分）
76．地球是人类唯一的家园，面对气候变化挑战，中国承诺力争2060 年前实现碳中和(carbon neutrality) 。我校现举办“绿色生活、青春同行”主题演讲比赛，请你写一篇英语演讲稿参赛。
内容包括：
1. 你对环境保护重要性的理解；
2. 结合日常生活，提出可行的环保建议；
3. 畅想碳中和目标实现后的生活愿景。
注意：
1. 词数80-100；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
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参考答案及试题解析
1．C
【解析】句意：在你睡觉之前最好不要使用手机，因为这对你的眼睛有害。
根据“You’d better”可知，had better后接动词原形，其否定形式为had better not do sth.，意为“最好不要做某事”，因此应填not use。
2．B
【解析】句意：你能告诉我图书馆在哪里吗？
where表示“地点”，符合“问图书馆在哪里”的逻辑。what表内容，when表时间，how表方式，均与地点无关。故选B。
3．C
【解析】句意：让我们一起收拾房间吧，它太乱了。
tidy up整理，clean up打扫，pick up捡起。根据“it’s too messy”可知房间杂乱，需要整理或打扫，选项A和B均符合语境。
4．B
【解析】句意：我们应该在学习上投入更多的精力。
in在……里面；into到……里面；to到；for为了。固定搭配put effort into sth. 意为“在某事上投入精力/努力”。
5．A
【解析】句意：为了保护你的眼睛，你应该每隔 20 分钟让你的眼睛休息一下。
should应该；shouldn’t不应该；would将会；couldn’t不能。根据“To protect your eyes”可知，此处是为了保护眼睛提出的合理建议，应该用should表示“应该”。
6．B
【解析】句意：我不确定学校是否会在升学考前组织复习课，因此我打算去咨询老师。
uncertain为关键词，意为“不确定”，表达“是否”含义应选用引导词if；whose表示“谁的”、 hat在宾语从句无实义、which表示“哪一个”，三者语义均不匹配语境，故选if。
7．A
【解析】句意：你能告诉我这个周末你是否要参加线上模拟考试还是线下考试，或者不参加吗？
whether是否；that无实义，引导陈述类宾语从句；where哪里，在从句中充当地点状语；if是否，不能与or not连用。空格之后为inform的宾语从句，根据标志短语“or not”的固定搭配规则，只能用whether构成whether...or not结构。
8．C
【解析】句意：上个月一些有用的书和笔被提供给山村的贫困学生。
主语“Some useful books and pens”为复数，且与动词provide之间是被动关系；时间状语“last month”表明时态为一般过去时，因此使用一般过去时的被动语态。应选were provided。
9．D
【解析】句意：彼得，如果你在家里一直制造这么多噪音，你会被你父亲惩罚的。
根据句中“by your father”可知，主语you和动词punish之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；同时，if引导的条件状语从句遵循主将从现原则，从句用一般现在时（keep），主句应用一般将来时。应填will be punished。
10．D
【解析】句意：明年一个新的科学实验室将在我们学校被建造。
根据时间状语“next year”可知，句子时态为一般将来时；主语A new science lab与动词build之间是被动关系，需用被动语态；一般将来时的被动语态结构为will be done。
11．C
【解析】句意：将来超市里的收银员会被机器取代吗？
句首“Will”和时间状语“in the future”提示，句子时态为一般将来时；又根据空格后“by machines”提示，说明主语“cashiers”与动词“replace”之间是被动关系，故此处用一般将来时的被动语态。will后接动词原形，故填be replaced。
12．C
【解析】句意：你知道我们在哪里可以买到这本英语练习册吗？
“Do you know”后面是宾语从句，宾语从句的语序应为陈述句语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其他”，应填where we can。
13．A
【解析】句意：这个团队由15名成员组成，他们都为同一个目标努力工作。
根据固定搭配“be made of”意为“由……组成”，且主语The team为单数，时态为一般现在时，需用被动语态“is made”。应填is made。
14．A
【解析】句意：——我们必须今天交练习本吗？——不，你们不必。
needn’t不必；can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该。根据“Must we...”可知，此处是以Must开头的一般疑问句，其否定回答应用needn’t，表示“不必（交练习本）”，而mustn’t表示“禁止”，语气过重。
15．B
【解析】句意：他绝不是一个懒惰的男孩。他总是努力工作。
mean意味着；means方法；meaning意义；meanings意义。by no means意为“绝不”，固定搭配；根据“He always works hard.”可知，他总是努力工作，他不懒，应填means。
16．B 17．A 18．C 19．C 20．B 21．A 22．D 23．B 24．B 25．C 26．A 27．C 28．B 29．C 30．D
【导语】本文讲述了班级关于“学生周末玩网络游戏”的讨论，呈现了学生们不同的观点，最后班主任给出了合理安排游戏时间、以学习为主的建议。
【解析】16．句意：他们认为玩太多游戏对孩子的学习和健康有害。
固定搭配be bad for表示“对……有害”，符合家长对过度玩游戏的担忧；good for（有益）与语境相反，其他选项不符合搭配。
17．句意：但一些学生说，网络游戏可以帮助他们在忙碌的学校生活后放松自己。
固定搭配help sb. do sth.，结合语境“忙碌后放松”，选relax（放松）；learn（学习）、work（工作）、forget（忘记）均不符合语境。
18．句意：不同的学生有不同的想法。
根据上下文，后文出现了支持和反对两种观点，因此是“不同的”想法，选different；same（相同的）、strange（奇怪的）、simple（简单的）不符合语境。
19．句意：他认为游戏能给他带来快乐。
后文提到游戏能让他心情变好，因此游戏带来的是“快乐”，选happiness；trouble（麻烦）、sadness（悲伤）、danger（危险）与支持游戏的语境不符。
20．句意：当他感到疲惫或沮丧时，玩游戏能让他感觉更好。
根据语境，游戏能改善负面情绪，因此是“感觉更好”，选better；worse（更差）、colder（更冷）、hungrier（更饿）均不符合逻辑。
21．句意：他也在和别人在线玩游戏时交到了很多新朋友。
固定搭配make friends表示“交朋友”，符合语境；plans（计划）、rules（规则）、dreams（梦想）与“玩游戏”的社交场景无关。
22．句意：她说她从不玩网络游戏。
前文提到她不赞同李明的观点，因此她“从不”玩游戏，选never；always（总是）、often（经常）、usually（通常）与反对的态度矛盾。
23．句意：她认为这是浪费时间。
后文提到学生花太多时间在游戏上，因此玩游戏是“浪费时间”，选time；money（钱）、food（食物）、water（水）与语境不符。
24．句意：许多学生花太多时间在游戏上，忘记了他们的作业。
根据语境，沉迷游戏会导致“忘记”写作业，选forgot；finished（完成）、enjoyed（享受）、changed（改变）与“浪费时间”的负面影响不符。
25．句意：有些学生甚至熬夜玩游戏，所以第二天上课时他们感到困倦。
根据“熬夜玩游戏”的语境，第二天上课会感到“困倦”，选sleepy；excited（兴奋的）、active（活跃的）、relaxed（放松的）与熬夜后的状态矛盾。
26．句意：更糟糕的是，一些不良游戏对青少年有不良影响。
固定搭配have influence on表示“对……有影响”，因此选on；其他介词不构成此搭配。
27．句意：最后班主任给了我们一些有用的建议。
后文是老师给出的指导性意见，因此是“建议”，选advice；stories（故事）、gifts（礼物）、messages（信息）不符合语境。
28．句意：我们可以玩一会儿来放松，但我们不能花太多时间在上面。
前后句是转折关系（可以玩但不能沉迷），因此选but；and（并列）、so（因果）、or（选择）不符合逻辑。
29．句意：作为学生，我们的主要任务是学习。
根据语境，学生的“主要职责/任务”是学习，选job（此处指“职责、任务”）；hobby（爱好）、game（游戏）、show（展示）不符合语境。
30．句意：我们应该合理安排时间，培养更多健康的爱好。
根据语境，老师建议“合理地”安排时间，选properly；carelessly（粗心地）、clearly（清晰地）、loudly（大声地）与语境不符。
31．D 32．A 33．C 34．C 35．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，介绍愤怒是正常情绪，说明了生气时的身体表现，重点讲解了几种合理疏导愤怒情绪的方法。
【解析】31．第一段通过连续提出四个“Do you get angry…”的问题引出愤怒这一主题，因此作者是通过提问引入话题。
32．第二段提到“For example, you are really angry, you may keep it to yourself”，这里的it指代前文提到的愤怒情绪(anger)，即隐藏的是愤怒本身。
33．原文第四段提到：“write down why you are angry”记录感受（对应c），“do some controlled breathing”呼吸（对应d），“Doing some housework or exercise helps”进行体力活动(如做家务或锻炼)（对应a），因此答案是 acd。
34．横线后提到“与他人谈论”，上下文需要填入与表达感受相关的内容。选项C“说出你的感受和原因”最贴合，补充了“分享问题”的具体方式，因此正确。
35．第①段引出愤怒话题，第②段介绍愤怒的表现和隐藏愤怒的危害，①②为第一部分，介绍愤怒的基本情况；第③段引出“如何处理愤怒”的话题，第④段具体介绍处理愤怒的方法，③④为第二部分，讲解处理愤怒的方法；第⑤段总结全文，点明主旨，因此文章结构为①②-③④-⑤。
36．C 37．B 38．A 39．B 40．C
【导语】本文从地理位置、含盐度、成因、生物环境与游玩特点几个方面，全面介绍了死海的相关常识。
【解析】36．原文第一段“The Dead Sea is located in the Jordan Rift Valley(约旦大裂谷) in southwest Asia.”，说明死海在亚洲的裂谷地带。
37．第三段讲述死海降水少、蒸发旺盛，含盐量极高，因此别名盐湖。
38．原文第四段“you wouldn’t see any sea life-no plants or animals…That’s actually why it’s called the Dead Sea.”，没有任何生物所以得名死海。
39．尾段“many people visit the Dead Sea every year on vacation…see many people floating in the water”，能推断死海是热门旅游地。
40．全文多角度介绍死海的位置、含盐、名称由来、旅游特色，目的是让读者更多了解死海。
41．C 42．A 43．B 44．C 45．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了爱好对孩子的多种益处，包括提升学习能力、激发创造力、缓解压力和培养技能等。
【解析】41．文章中“They Help You Be Creative”部分“For many hobbies, such as building model cars and making pottery, you have to use your brain and your hands.”表明，制作汽车模型这类爱好需要同时动脑和动手。
42．文章中“They Help You Be Relaxed”部分“Too much stress can make people sick.”说明，过多的压力会让人生病。
43．文章中“They Help You Build Skills”部分“For some kids, having a hobby can be the first step towards finding a good job in the future.”表明，有爱好的孩子长大后可能更容易找到好工作。
44．通读全文可知，文章第一句点明主题：“hobbies can make kids smarter, healthier and even more successful”，随后从学习、创造、放松、技能四个方面分别阐述具体好处。因此，文章主要讲的是爱好对孩子们的好处。
45．通读全文可知，开头第一段“hobbies can make kids smarter, healthier and even more successful when they grow up”提出爱好对孩子有益的总论点，随后第二至五段分别用“They Help You Learn/They Help You Be Creative/They Help You Be Relaxed/They Help You Build Skills”作为小标题分别从四个方面展开具体说明，与选项B的结构图示一致。
46．exploration
【解析】句意：他对自然奇观的探索赢得了专家们的高度赞扬。形容词性物主代词his后需接名词作句子主语，动词explore对应的名词形式为exploration，谓语动词wins为第三人称单数形式，因此主语用单数名词，故填exploration。
47．dependence
【解析】句意：野生动物对自然的依赖是不容易打破的。depend意为“依靠；依赖”，是动词，定冠词the修饰名词，depend的名词形式是dependence，意为“依靠；依赖”，在句中作主语。
48．survival
【解析】句意：人们担忧海洋里濒危鲸鱼的生存问题。空前有定冠词“the”，空后有“of”，此处需要名词；因此填写动词“survive”的名词形式“survival”。
49．unknown
【解析】句意：这些事实让大自然不为人知的秘密一点点变得明晰。空格修饰名词secrets，需要使用形容词作定语，由提示词know变形而来的unknown意为“未知的”，符合语境，故填unknown。
50．destroy
【解析】句意：不要随意捕捉野生动物而破坏自然平衡。本句为否定祈使句，结构为“Don’t+动词原形”，因此填写动词原形“destroy”。
51．spirit
【解析】句意：足球比赛有助于培养团队合作精神。根据中文提示可知，此处表示团队合作精神，名词spirit“精神”符合语境，是不可数名词。故填spirit。
52．voluntary
【解析】句意：她每个周末都在动物收容所做志愿工作。句中“every weekend”为表示经常性、习惯性动作的时间状语，提示句子应用一般现在时。括号内“志愿的”为形容词，修饰后面的名词“work”，对应的英文单词为voluntary。
53．within
【解析】句意：从这里步行五分钟之内你就能找到一家好餐馆。“在……之内”表示时间或距离的范围，此处用within，“within five minutes’ walk”表示“步行五分钟之内”，是常用的表达。故填within。
54．surviving
【解析】句意：像寻找食物这样的基本技能是在野外生存的关键。根据“key to”提示，to为介词，后接动名词作宾语，the key to doing sth.“做某事的关键”。“生存”为动词survive，其动名词形式是surviving。
55．crazy
【解析】句意：他失业后变得疯狂，开始大喊大叫。固定搭配go+形容词，表示“变得……”，用来描述人状态的变化；“疯狂的”对应的英文单词是crazy，形容词词性，符合此结构用法，因此填crazy。
56．Foreign tourists. 57．She is outgoing. 58．She comes from China. 59．Singing English songs. 60．Yes. Because I like travelling and making friends.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者梦想成为一名导游，阐述了想要从事这份工作的原因以及目前的努力计划。
【解析】56．第一段“ My dream is to work for foreign tourists (游客) as a tour guide.”说明作者想要为外国游客工作，答案几乎是原文引述。
57．第二段“First, I’m an outgoing (外向的) girl, and I like doing something exciting.”说明了作者的性格特点，直接提取信息。
58．第二段“I can travel all around China and know more about our country. Then I will tell the foreign tourists about our colorful Chinese history.”说明作者来自中国，直接提取信息。
59．第二段“Singing English songs is my hobby.”说明了作者的爱好是唱英文歌，答案几乎是原文引述。
60．本题为开放性问题，答案不唯一，围绕自身喜好和意愿，合理作答即可。
61．eating 62．will be 63．percent 64．France 65．introduced 66．healthier 67．is facing 68．cities 69．to deal 70．sale
【导语】本文主要讨论了吃糖过多对健康的危害，介绍了美国波士顿及其他国家为控制含糖饮料消费所采取的措施，以及中国面临的类似问题。
【解析】61．句意：然而，吃太多糖果或喝太多含糖饮料对我们的健康有害。此处作主语，需用动名词形式。
62．句意：下个月，在该市的学校和政府大楼内将不可能购买到含糖饮料。根据时间状语“next month”，需用一般将来时。
63．句意：波士顿公立学校40%的孩子体重过重。“percent”表示“百分比”，前面有具体数字时，用单数形式。
64．句意：8月，法国对含糖饮料开征了新税。此处指国家“法国”，需用专有名词“France”。
65．句意：匈牙利于9月初引入了类似的税收。根据时间状语“in early September”，需用一般过去时。
66．句意：政府希望这能让民众保持健康。各国政府出台政策，目的是让民众比之前更健康，暗含比较含义，所以用healthy的比较级healthier。
67．句意：中国现在正面临同样的问题。根据时间状语“now”，需用现在进行时。主语“China”为单数
68．句意：根据中国疾病预防控制中心最近的一项研究，我国大城市的中学生每天每人喝约1200毫升的含糖饮料。此处指“大城市”，需用复数形式“cities”。
69．句意：哈佛医学院的高翔呼吁中国政府应对这一情况。“call on sb. to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“呼吁某人做某事”。
70．句意：一些建议，包括停止在学校销售含糖饮料和限制其广告，也由高翔提出。“the”后需用名词形式“sale”。
71．Have you decided what you want to do in Major Snow
【解析】“你决定好在大雪节气时要做什么了吗？”译为“Have you decided what you want to do in Major Snow ”，其中“你决定好……了吗”用现在完成时Have you decided… 表达，强调过去的决定对现在的影响；“要做什么”译为what you want to do，作decided的宾语，宾语从句使用陈述语序；“大雪节气”译为Major Snow，是二十四节气的专有名词，首字母需大写，介词用in。
72．No one is sure if/whether this rare plant can survive in an artificial environment.
【解析】“没有人确定这种稀有植物是否能在人工环境下存活”对应的英文翻译是“No one is sure if/whether this rare plant can survive in an artificial environment”。此句用一般现在时表客观陈述，核心是“主从复合句”结构：“No one”对应“没有人”作主语；“is sure”表“确定”作谓语；“if/whether this rare plant can survive in an artificial environment”是宾语从句，表“这种稀有植物是否能在人工环境下存活”(“if/whether”表“是否”，“rare plant”对应“稀有植物”，“artificial environment”对应“人工环境”)。
73．That can’t be his schoolbag. There is a sticker on his.
【解析】根据汉语意思可知，本句分为两个分句，均为一般现在时态。① “那不可能是他的书包”： “那”英文为“That”，作主语； “不可能是”英文为“can’t be”，情态动词can的否定形式 + be动词，表示否定推测； “他的书包”英文为 “his schoolbag”，作表语，his为形容词性物主代词修饰名词schoolbag；故第一个分句译为“That can’t be his schoolbag.”。 ②“他的书包上有贴纸”： 本句为there be句型，表示“某地有某物”； “贴纸”英文为“sticker”，可数名词，此处用单数，前面加不定冠词a； “在他的（书包）上”英文为“on his (schoolbag)”，介词短语作地点状语，his此处为名词性物主代词，相当于his schoolbag，避免重复；故第二个分句译为“There is a sticker on his.”。
74．The bus is always on time. It should arrive in five minutes.
【解析】“公交向来很准点，应该还有五分钟就到了。”译为The bus is always on time. It should arrive in five minutes.。其中“向来”用“always”表示，“应该”用情态动词“should”表示推测，“还有五分钟”用“in five minutes”表示。第一句时态为一般现在时，描述习惯性事实；第二句用“should + 动词原形”表示现在或将来的推测。
75．They worked day and night, racing against time, only to save more lives.
【解析】“他们夜以继日，争分夺秒，只为挽救更多的生命。”译为“They worked day and night, racing against time, only to save more lives.”。其中“他们”对应“They”；“工作”对应“worked”；“夜以继日”用固定短语“day and night”；“争分夺秒”用现在分词短语“racing against time”作伴随状语，表示与主句动作同时发生；“只为挽救更多的生命”用不定式“only to save more lives”作目的状语；整体句子时态为一般过去时，符合语境中描述过去行为的逻辑。
76．例文
Dear teachers and classmates,
It’s my great honor to give a speech on “Green Life, Youth in Action”. The earth is our only home. Environmental protection is crucial for our survival and well-being. Without it, we’ll face disasters like extreme weather.
In daily life, we can take action. Walk or ride bikes to cut carbon emissions. Reuse water from washing vegetables to water flowers. Use reusable bags and bottles to reduce plastic waste.
I imagine a future with carbon neutrality—clearer sky, cleaner rivers, and fresher air. Let’s act now for this green future!
Thank you!
【解析】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇讲稿；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，注意不要遗漏提示，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[写作步骤]
第一步：开篇点题，引出演讲主题；
第二步：结合生活，列举日常生活中可以践行的绿色行动；
第三步：畅想未来，发出呼吁。
[亮点词汇]
①crucial至关重要的
②carbon emissions碳排放
③reusable可重复使用的
[高分句型]
①It’s my great honor to give a speech on “Green Life, Youth in Action”.（it 作形式主语，不定式作真正主语）
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