资源简介

1．employ v．使用，运用；雇用
①(2023·全国甲卷)Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still ___________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths．
②Two weeks after the application，she received a letter for her new __________ (employ)．
③I was employed _______ (seek) solutions to an unexpected accident and I would do whatever I could to take on the job．
　应用文写作之道歉信
每天都在为写作比赛做准备，我抽不出一点时间来玩耍。
①_________________________ the writing competition on a daily basis，I couldn't spare any time to play．(过去分词作状语)
②_________________________________ the writing competition on a daily basis，I couldn't spare any time to play．(动词-ing形式作状语)
◎employ sb．as...雇用某人为……
employ sb．to do sth．雇用某人做某事
employ oneself in doing sth．＝be employed in doing sth．忙于做某事；从事于某事
◎self-employed adj．个体经营的
◎employment n．雇用；工作；就业
out of employment失业
◎Artificial intelligence has been employed in many aspects of human life，and people are now banking more and more on it．
人工智能已经被应用于人类生活的许多方面，人们现在越来越依赖它。
2．resign v．辞职；辞去(工作、职位等)；使自己顺从于(做)某事；安于
①The sudden ___________ (resign) of the financial director caused quite a stir in the company．
②He resigned ____ the company in order to take a more challenging job．
③In order to look after her sick mother，my friend decided to resign her position __ manager．
　读后续写之心理描写
虽然浑身大汗淋漓，感觉很累，但我不想半途而废。
Although sweating all over and feeling very tired，I didn't want to __________________________________．
◎resign from...从……辞职
resign as...辞去……的职务
resign oneself to (doing) sth．某人听任/顺从/只好接受(做)某事
◎resignation n．辞职
◎No matter what happens，I will not resign myself to the so-called fate．
无论发生什么，我都不会顺从于所谓的命运。
3．ease n．容易；舒适，悠闲；自在v．减轻；缓解；(使)宽慰
①(译林版选择性必修第一册Unit 2)The music moves through technically difficult sections ____ ease，showing his genius as a composer．
②Knowing that his wife and the children were safe，his mind was __ ease．
③If you insist on keeping diaries in English every day，you can not only improve your writing skills but also ease you __ your study stress．
　读后续写之心理描写
刚开始大卫又害怕又紧张，但我鼓励的话语使他放松了下来，他抬起头朝起跑线走去。
David was frightened and nervous at the beginning but my encouraging words ___________________ and he headed for the starting line with his head raised．
◎at ease 舒适；无拘无束
put/set sb．at ease 使某人放松
with ease 轻易地
◎ease sb．of sth．减轻某人……的痛苦、负担等
◎I stumbled to my trembling brother，helped him to his feet and slapped him on the back to ease his nervousness．
我跌跌撞撞地走向颤抖的弟弟，帮助他站起来，拍着他的后背以缓解他的紧张。
4．take...for granted认为……理所当然
①(译林版选择性必修第四册Unit 1)As students，you must take your studies _________ (serious) and accept responsibility for your own learning．
②(译林版必修第三册Unit 4)Now，we scientists take __ for granted that it is perfectly possible to live and not know．
③I'd appreciate it if you could take my tips ____ account and I do hope that your paper will make a difference to environmental protection．
④—I feel so nervous about the National English Speech Competition tomorrow．
—Take __ easy．
　读后续写之主旨升华
从这次经历中我学到了重要的一课——把困难看作是一种考验，并认真对待它们。
From the experience I learned an important lesson—see difficulties as a kind of test and ___________________．
◎take it for granted that...认为……理所当然
◎take one's time 不着急，慢慢来
◎take...into account/consideration 把……考虑在内
◎take it easy＝take things easy放轻松；别紧张
◎take sth．seriously 重视某事；严肃/认真对待某事
◎We always take it for granted that oceans can provide us with limitless resources，so we overdevelop our oceans．
我们总是理所当然地认为海洋可以提供给我们无穷无尽的资源，因此我们过度开发海洋。
5．respond to回应；对……作出反应；回答
①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)．．．we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding __ global change...
②__ response to the help of the architect，we wrote a thank-you note．
③You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media，but it probably won't result in a useful ________ (respond)．
　读后续写之动作描写
父亲对Jenna和Jeff眨眨眼，回应他们的兴奋。
Father winked at Jenna and Jeff ____________________________ their excitement．
◎response n．回答；反应
◎in response to作为……的回应
make a/(no) response to...对……给予/不予回答
◎I would appreciate it if you could make a response at your earliest convenience．
如果你能尽快回复我，我将不胜感激。
◎Brave teenagers respond to difficulties with confidence and perseverance．
勇敢的青少年以自信和毅力直面困难。
6．in return for作为……的回报
①His kindness made her trust him and this __ turn led to their friendship．
②I gave him my favorite book in return ___ his timely help．
③During daily breaks，we clean the dusty blackboard __ turns in seat order．　应用文写作之感谢信
在你的指导下我获得了第一名。我会更加努力工作以回报你耐心的指导。
I got first place under your guidance and ______________________________________________________．
◎in return作为报答；回报
◎in turn依次；反过来
by turns轮流地；交替地
◎She was by turns excited and nervous before the performance．
表演前，她一会儿兴奋，一会儿紧张。
7．[教材原句]Visitors are often amazed to find themselves in an urban building that so truly captures the beauty of natural forms．(find＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
当置身于这样一座真实地捕捉到自然形态之美的城市建筑中时，参观者常常叹为观止。
①(2025·全国一卷)More than once，I found myself _________ (wonder) just how my students，who'd created these people，knew their subjects so well．
②Walking in the nature reserve，you'll find yourself _________ (attract) by the amazing scenery．
③With the world becoming a global village，I find it necessary _______ (have) a good command of English．
④I hope you'll find my suggestions __________ (benefit) and I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon．
　应用文写作之求助信
由于英语考试屡遭失败，我感到灰心丧气，几乎完全放弃了。
Frustrated by frequent failures in my English exams，I ______________________________________________．
该句为“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的复合结构。其常见结构：
◎find＋宾语＋动词-ing形式(表示主动)/过去分词(表示被动)/形容词/介词短语
◎find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do sth．认为做某事……
◎(2024·浙江1月卷)Having a poor sense of direction，Eva found it impossible to get around in such a huge building．
Eva方向感很差，她发现在这么大的大楼里不可能走动自如。
◎Instead of being discouraged，he found himself filled with a sense of achievement．
他非但没有气馁，反而内心充满了成就感。
8．[教材原句]While Tao's return to nature was a reaction to a lifestyle he was opposed to，Thoreau's was a personal decision to transform the way he lived．(while作并列连词)
陶渊明回归大自然是对自己反对的生活方式作出的一种反应，而梭罗则是出于个人的决定而改变自己的生活方式。
写出下列句子中黑体词的含义
①(2025·全国一卷)She had prepared lots of snacks，while my job was to have the backyard in order． __
②As we all know，while there is life，there is hope． ____
③While I was looking through the news online，up came a video of a lovely bear． ____________
④(2025·全国一卷)While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years，transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility，especially among young children． ____
⑤(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)We'll explore beautiful park sites while __________ (conduct) invasive(侵入的)plant removal，winter planting，and seed collection．
　应用文写作之建议信
尽管旅游能够增长你的见识，但是我认为在这方面花费太多时间和金钱不是一个好主意。
__________________________________，I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time and money on it．
该句中while作并列连词，意为“而”，表示前后分句的对比。while还有以下用法：
◎while引导时间状语从句时，意为“当……的时候，在……时”，该从句的省略形式为while doing/done；
◎while引导让步状语从句(从句常置于句首)时，表示转折，意为“虽然，尽管”，不能与but连用，但可与yet/still连用。
◎while引导条件状语从句时，意为“只要”，语气比if更强，更强调条件的持续性。
◎It was awesome to know that while many people tend to ignore those in need，there are some kind ones who go out of their way/go beyond themselves to lend a hand．
很棒的是了解到，虽然很多人往往忽视那些需要帮助的人，但有一些善良的人会尽力伸出援手。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．Grocery stores try to have enough _________ (employ) at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay．
2．According to the rules，a cook will be immediately fired if he is found _______ (smoke) in the kitchen．
3．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)With so many online posts featuring the same places，it's ____ (ease) to feel like you're missing out．
4．He ________ from his position yesterday，but his sudden ___________ brought much inconvenience to the company．(resign)
5．While ___________ (approach) the teachers' office，I felt extremely anxious，with my hands trembling uncontrollably．
6．In more technical terms，the ______ (wise) of crowds requires that people's estimates be independent．
7．The boy didn't feel completely __ ease when he was asked to sing a pop song before the whole class．
8．If you ______ your task ahead of time，you will have a sense of __________．(fulfil)
9．On hearing the __________ news，John felt _________ and soon got into a state of __________．(depress)
10．In literature，swan has been a symbol of ______ (pure) and virtue．
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．withdraw
A．撤回，收回　B．退出　C．提，取　D．撤离
(1)With no money left，I must withdraw some from the bank． __
(2)We withdrew to the garden for a private talk． __
(3)The newspaper withdrew the allegations the next day． __
(4)He wanted to withdraw his name from the guest list． __
2．He employed an appropriate method to solve the problem． __
A．v．使用　　　B．v．雇用
C．n．应用
3．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Back downtown during a workday，they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break． __
A．驯养的　　B．家庭的
C．国内的
4．(2025·全国二卷)Things like kale ribs，fish collars，rejected sweet potatoes，and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and，with the help of a number of good chefs，turned into excellent cuisine． __
A．不录用　　B．抛弃　　　C．慢待
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．众所周知，吃太多垃圾食品对我们的健康有害。
①_________________，eating too much junk food is harmful to our health．
②___________________ is that eating too much junk food is harmful to our health．
③_________________ that eating too much junk food is harmful to our health．
2．经常锻炼、均衡饮食和充足睡眠——所有这些都对一个人的身心健康有很大影响。
Regular exercise，a balanced diet and sufficient sleep—_______________________________________________________________________________．
3．我转过身来，发现他正朝我走来，当他向前摆动双脚时，他小小的身体左右摇摆着。
I turned to _______________ towards me，his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward．
4．很多人喜欢城市生活，然而有些人却在乡村找到了慰藉。
Many people prefer city life，__________________________________________．
假定你是李华，请你以“Man and Nature”为主题写一篇短文参加英文报Youth的有奖征文比赛，内容要点如下：
1．人类从自然界获取灵感；
2．人类向大自然学习的实例；
3．由此得出的感悟。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
　写作微练
①人类从诞生之日起，为了满足自身需要，不断从自然界中获取灵感，寻求解决问题的方法。
From the day of birth，in order to ___________________________，human beings constantly ____________________________________________________．
②人们向蝙蝠学习制造雷达，向蜻蜓学习改善飞机的飞行性能。
People ________________________________，and from _____________________________________________ of airplanes．
③大自然是人类出色的老师，但有些人反对向自然界学习，而且认为这些发明和创造都是理所当然的。
Nature is a superb teacher of human beings，but some people ___________________________________，and _______________________________________________．
④人类应和大自然和谐相处，大自然会带给我们巨大的利益作为回报。
Human beings should ____________________ nature，_________________________________________________．
⑤虽然人类主宰了这个世界，但我们不能违背自然规律，否则我们会受到自然规律的惩罚。
_____________________________________，we should not violate the laws of nature；otherwise，we will be punished by them．
　句式升级
⑥用动词-ing形式短语作状语改写句③
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
⑦非限制性定语从句改写句④
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
　妙笔成篇
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
　语料积累
教材 语料 亮词 mimic；sow；seek solutions to；take inspiration from；employ；bow；withdraw；depart；reject；ease；attain；physician；decent；deliberately；depressive；reluctant
美句 1．Visitors are often amazed to find themselves in an urban building that so truly captures the beauty of natural forms． 2．Both men were happy to withdraw from contemporary life，seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of their lives．
拓展 语料 单词 ask问；answer/reply/respond 回答；announce/declare 宣布；add补充说；whisper 小声说；murmur/mutter 喃喃地说；sigh 叹息道；cry喊叫；shout 大声说；scream 尖叫；roar吼叫；blurt 脱口而出；exclaim 大声说，惊叫；gasp 喘着气说；snap 厉声说；mumble 嘟哝；explain 解释说；insist坚持说；state 陈述；comment/remark 评论；observe 评论；utter出声；stammer 结巴地说
语块 talk in a low voice低声说话；reply with a snort of disgust厌恶地哼了一声回复；talk in a soft tone轻声说话；speak in a rough voice 用粗野的声音说话；murmur a thank-you 喃喃地说声谢谢；let out a surprisingly loud voice发出一个出乎意料的响亮声音；utter a cry of joy 发出欢呼声；question with a serious curiosity带着强烈的好奇心问；point out 指出；talk to oneself 某人自言自语；murmur to oneself 某人喃喃自语
句型 1．“You stole something．You will be searched，” he announced． “你偷了东西。你将被搜身。”他郑重地说。 2．I whispered，with my voice trembling，“It isn't me．” 我颤抖着低声说：“不是我。” 3．He approached me，snapped and it seemed as if he would eat me up in one gulp． 他走近我，厉声说话，好像要把我一口吞下去。 4．“I haven't finished；I need more time，” he begged． 他恳求道：“我还没有完成；我需要更多时间。”
　语料运用
①伯牙弹了三年琴，还是不能掌握音乐的奥秘，叹息道：“也许我该撤退了。”
Having played the qin for three years，Boya couldn't ___________________________，_______，“Perhaps I will withdraw．”
②伯牙的老师成连察觉到了他的沮丧，脱口而出道：“我们去东海蓬莱山拜访我的老师吧。”并补充说他会受益匪浅。(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
Sensing his depression，Boya's teacher Cheng Lian blurted，“Let's visit my teacher on Penglai Mountain in the East China Sea，” __________________________________．
③伯牙欣然接受了老师的建议，出发前往目的地。
Boya responded willingly to his teacher's offer and ____________________________．
④一到了山上，成连累得喘不过气，他宣布伯牙可以自己练琴了。(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
On reaching the mountain，______________________，Cheng Lian announced that Boya could practise playing the qin by himself．
⑤伯牙被这壮丽的景色所吸引，激动地喊道：“多美的景色啊！”灵感涌上心头，他坐在地上，创作了那首著名的曲子——《高山流水》。
Attracted by the breathtaking scenery，Boya _____________________________________，“How splendid the scenery is！” With inspiration welling up in his heart，he sat on the ground，creating the famous composition—High Mountains and Flowing Waters．
⑥伯牙握住老师的手，喃喃地说：“我们可以从大自然中获得灵感。”
Boya ______________________________________________，“We can take inspiration from nature．”
选择性必修第三册　Unit 5
考点归纳　精准讲练
1．①be employed　②employment　③to seek
完美写作　①Employed in preparing for　②Employing myself in preparing for
2．①resignation　②from　③as
完美写作　resign myself to giving up halfway
3．①with　②at　③of
完美写作　put/set him at ease
4．①seriously　②it　③into　④it
完美写作　take them seriously
5．①to　②In　③response
完美写作　in response to/to respond to
6．①in　②for　③by
完美写作　I will work harder in return for your patient guidance
7．①wondering　②attracted　③to have　④beneficial
完美写作　found myself on the point of giving up totally
8．①而　②只要　③当……的时候　④尽管　⑤conducting
完美写作　While travel can broaden your mind
基础巩固　达标训练
Ⅰ．1．employees　2．smoking　3．easy　4．resigned；resignation　5．approaching　6．wisdom　7．at　8．fulfil；fulfilment
9．depressing；depressed；depression　10．purity
Ⅱ．1．(1)C　(2)D　(3)A　(4)B
2．A　3．B　4．B
Ⅲ．1．①As is known to us　②What is known to us　③It is known to us　2．all of these have a great effect/influence on one's physical and mental health　3．find him coming
4．while some find comfort in the countryside
主题引领　写作提能
应用文写作
Step 1　写作微练
①meet the needs of their own；take inspiration from nature and seek solutions to problems　②learned from bats to make radars；dragonflies to improve the flight performance　③are opposed to learning from nature；take these inventions and creations for granted　④live in harmony with；and nature will bring us great benefits in return　⑤While human beings dominate the world
Step 2　句式升级
⑥Nature is a superb teacher of human beings，but some people are opposed to learning from nature，taking these inventions and creations for granted．　⑦Human beings should live in harmony with nature，which will bring us great benefits in return．
Step 3　妙笔成篇
From the day of birth，in order to meet the needs of their own，human beings constantly take inspiration from nature and seek solutions to problems．
For example，people learned from bats to make radars，and from dragonflies to improve the flight performance of airplanes．Nature is a superb teacher of human beings，but some people are opposed to learning from nature，taking these inventions and creations for granted．
Therefore，human beings should live in harmony with nature，which will bring us great benefits in return．While human beings dominate the world，we should not violate the laws of nature；otherwise，we will be punished by them．
读后续写
Step 2　语料运用
①master the mystery of music；sighing　②adding that he would benefit a lot　③departed for the destination　④gasping with tiredness　⑤exclaimed/shouted/cried in excitement　⑥held his teacher's hand and murmured/muttered
1 / 1(共111张PPT)
选择性必修第三册　Unit 5　Learning from nature
第一部分 教材知识讲练
单元主题 导图串记
考点归纳 精准讲练
1．employ v．使用，运用；雇用
①(2023·全国甲卷)Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still _____________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths．
②Two weeks after the application，she received a letter for her new ____________ (employ)．
③I was employed _________ (seek) solutions to an unexpected accident and I would do whatever I could to take on the job．
be employed　
employment　
to seek
完美写作　应用文写作之道歉信
每天都在为写作比赛做准备，我抽不出一点时间来玩耍。
①_______________________ the writing competition on a daily basis，I couldn't spare any time to play．(过去分词作状语)
②_______________________________ the writing competition on a daily basis，I couldn't spare any time to play．(动词-ing形式作状语)
Employed in preparing for　
Employing myself in preparing for
归纳拓展
◎employ sb．as...雇用某人为……
employ sb．to do sth．雇用某人做某事
employ oneself in doing sth．＝be employed in doing sth．忙于做某事；从事于某事
◎self-employed adj．个体经营的
◎employment n．雇用；工作；就业
out of employment失业
◎Artificial intelligence has been employed in many aspects of human life，and people are now banking more and more on it．
人工智能已经被应用于人类生活的许多方面，人们现在越来越依赖它。
2．resign v．辞职；辞去(工作、职位等)；使自己顺从于(做)某事；安于
①The sudden ___________ (resign) of the financial director caused quite a stir in the company．
②He resigned ______ the company in order to take a more challenging job．
③In order to look after her sick mother，my friend decided to resign her position ____ manager．
resignation　
from　
as
完美写作　读后续写之心理描写
虽然浑身大汗淋漓，感觉很累，但我不想半途而废。
Although sweating all over and feeling very tired，I didn't want to _______________________________．
resign myself to giving up halfway
归纳拓展
◎resign from...从……辞职
resign as...辞去……的职务
resign oneself to (doing) sth．某人听任/顺从/只好接受(做)某事
◎resignation n．辞职
◎No matter what happens，I will not resign myself to the so-called fate．
无论发生什么，我都不会顺从于所谓的命运。
3．ease n．容易；舒适，悠闲；自在v．减轻；缓解；(使)宽慰
①(译林版选择性必修第一册Unit 2)The music moves through technically difficult sections ______ ease，showing his genius as a composer．
②Knowing that his wife and the children were safe，his mind was ____ ease．
③If you insist on keeping diaries in English every day，you can not only improve your writing skills but also ease you ____ your study stress．
with　
at　
of
完美写作　读后续写之心理描写
刚开始大卫又害怕又紧张，但我鼓励的话语使他放松了下来，他抬起头朝起跑线走去。
David was frightened and nervous at the beginning but my encouraging words __________________ and he headed for the starting line with his head raised．
put/set him at ease
归纳拓展
◎at ease 舒适；无拘无束
put/set sb．at ease 使某人放松
with ease 轻易地
◎ease sb．of sth．减轻某人……的痛苦、负担等
◎I stumbled to my trembling brother，helped him to his feet and slapped him on the back to ease his nervousness．
我跌跌撞撞地走向颤抖的弟弟，帮助他站起来，拍着他的后背以缓解他的紧张。
4．take...for granted认为……理所当然
①(译林版选择性必修第四册Unit 1)As students，you must take your studies ___________ (serious) and accept responsibility for your own learning．
②(译林版必修第三册Unit 4)Now，we scientists take ____ for granted that it is perfectly possible to live and not know．
③I'd appreciate it if you could take my tips ______ account and I do hope that your paper will make a difference to environmental protection．
④—I feel so nervous about the National English Speech Competition tomorrow．
—Take ____ easy．
seriously　
it　
into　
it
完美写作　读后续写之主旨升华
从这次经历中我学到了重要的一课——把困难看作是一种考验，并认真对待它们。
From the experience I learned an important lesson—see difficulties as a kind of test and _____________________．
take them seriously
归纳拓展
◎take it for granted that...认为……理所当然
◎take one's time 不着急，慢慢来
◎take...into account/consideration 把……考虑在内
◎take it easy＝take things easy放轻松；别紧张
◎take sth．seriously 重视某事；严肃/认真对待某事
◎We always take it for granted that oceans can provide us with limitless resources，so we overdevelop our oceans．
我们总是理所当然地认为海洋可以提供给我们无穷无尽的资源，因此我们过度开发海洋。
5．respond to回应；对……作出反应；回答
①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)…we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding ____ global change...
②____ response to the help of the architect，we wrote a thank-you note．
③You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media，but it probably won't result in a useful __________ (respond)．
to
In　
response
完美写作　读后续写之动作描写
父亲对Jenna和Jeff眨眨眼，回应他们的兴奋。
Father winked at Jenna and Jeff ___________________________ their excitement．
in response to/to respond to
归纳拓展
◎response n．回答；反应
◎in response to作为……的回应
make a/(no) response to...对……给予/不予回答
◎I would appreciate it if you could make a response at your earliest convenience．
如果你能尽快回复我，我将不胜感激。
◎Brave teenagers respond to difficulties with confidence and perseverance．
勇敢的青少年以自信和毅力直面困难。
6．in return for作为……的回报
①His kindness made her trust him and this ____ turn led to their friendship．
②I gave him my favorite book in return _____ his timely help．
③During daily breaks，we clean the dusty blackboard ____ turns in seat order．
in　
for　
by
完美写作　应用文写作之感谢信
在你的指导下我获得了第一名。我会更加努力工作以回报你耐心的指导。
I got first place under your guidance and _____________________________________________．
I will work harder in return for
your patient guidance
归纳拓展
◎in return作为报答；回报
◎in turn依次；反过来
by turns轮流地；交替地
◎She was by turns excited and nervous before the performance．
表演前，她一会儿兴奋，一会儿紧张。
7．[教材原句]Visitors are often amazed to find themselves in an urban building that so truly captures the beauty of natural forms．(find＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
当置身于这样一座真实地捕捉到自然形态之美的城市建筑中时，参观者常常叹为观止。
①(2025·全国一卷)More than once，I found myself ___________ (wonder) just how my students，who'd created these people，knew their subjects so well．
wondering　
②Walking in the nature reserve，you'll find yourself ___________ (attract) by the amazing scenery．
③With the world becoming a global village，I find it necessary _________ (have) a good command of English．
④I hope you'll find my suggestions ____________ (benefit) and I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon．
attracted　
to have　
beneficial
完美写作　应用文写作之求助信
由于英语考试屡遭失败，我感到灰心丧气，几乎完全放弃了。
Frustrated by frequent failures in my English exams，I ______________________________________．
found myself on
the point of giving up totally
归纳拓展
该句为“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的复合结构。其常见结构：
◎find＋宾语＋动词-ing形式(表示主动)/过去分词(表示被动)/形容词/介词短语
◎find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do sth．认为做某事……
◎(2024·浙江1月卷)Having a poor sense of direction，Eva found it impossible to get around in such a huge building．
Eva方向感很差，她发现在这么大的大楼里不可能走动自如。
◎Instead of being discouraged，he found himself filled with a sense of achievement．
他非但没有气馁，反而内心充满了成就感。
8．[教材原句]While Tao's return to nature was a reaction to a lifestyle he was opposed to，Thoreau's was a personal decision to transform the way he lived．(while作并列连词)
陶渊明回归大自然是对自己反对的生活方式作出的一种反应，而梭罗则是出于个人的决定而改变自己的生活方式。
写出下列句子中黑体词的含义
①(2025·全国一卷)She had prepared lots of snacks，while my job was to have the backyard in order． ____
②As we all know，while there is life，there is hope． ______
③While I was looking through the news online，up came a video of a lovely bear． ______________
而
只要　
当……的时候　
④(2025·全国一卷)While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years，transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility，especially among young children． ______
⑤(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)We‘ll explore beautiful park sites while __________ (conduct) invasive(侵入的)plant removal，winter planting，and seed collection．
尽管　
conducting
完美写作　应用文写作之建议信
尽管旅游能够增长你的见识，但是我认为在这方面花费太多时间和金钱不是一个好主意。
_______________________________，I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time and money on it．
While travel can broaden your mind
归纳拓展
该句中while作并列连词，意为“而”，表示前后分句的对比。while还有以下用法：
◎while引导时间状语从句时，意为“当……的时候，在……时”，该从句的省略形式为while doing/done；
◎while引导让步状语从句(从句常置于句首)时，表示转折，意为“虽然，尽管”，不能与but连用，但可与yet/still连用。
◎while引导条件状语从句时，意为“只要”，语气比if更强，更强调条件的持续性。
◎It was awesome to know that while many people tend to ignore those in need，there are some kind ones who go out of their way/go beyond themselves to lend a hand．
很棒的是了解到，虽然很多人往往忽视那些需要帮助的人，但有一些善良的人会尽力伸出援手。
基础巩固 达标训练
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．Grocery stores try to have enough __________ (employ) at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay．
2．According to the rules，a cook will be immediately fired if he is found _________ (smoke) in the kitchen．
3．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)With so many online posts featuring the same places，it's _____ (ease) to feel like you're missing out．
employees　
smoking　
easy　
4．He __________ from his position yesterday，but his sudden ___________ brought much inconvenience to the company．(resign)
5．While ___________ (approach) the teachers' office，I felt extremely anxious，with my hands trembling uncontrollably．
6．In more technical terms，the ________ (wise) of crowds requires that people's estimates be independent．
7．The boy didn't feel completely ____ ease when he was asked to sing a pop song before the whole class．
resigned
resignation　
approaching　
wisdom　
at　
8．If you _______ your task ahead of time，you will have a sense of _________．(fulfil)
9．On hearing the ____________ news，John felt ___________ and soon got into a state of ____________．(depress)
10．In literature，swan has been a symbol of ________ (pure) and virtue．
fulfil
fulfilment
depressing
depressed
depression　
purity
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．withdraw
A．撤回，收回　B．退出　C．提，取　D．撤离
(1)With no money left，I must withdraw some from the bank． ___
(2)We withdrew to the garden for a private talk． ___
(3)The newspaper withdrew the allegations the next day． ___
(4)He wanted to withdraw his name from the guest list． ___
C　
D　
A　
B
2．He employed an appropriate method to solve the problem． ___
A．v．使用　　　　B．v．雇用
C．n．应用
3．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Back downtown during a workday，they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break． ___
A．驯养的　　B．家庭的
C．国内的
A　
B　
4．(2025·全国二卷)Things like kale ribs，fish collars，rejected sweet potatoes，and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and，with the help of a number of good chefs，turned into excellent cuisine． ___
A．不录用　　B．抛弃　　　C．慢待
B
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．众所周知，吃太多垃圾食品对我们的健康有害。
①___________________，eating too much junk food is harmful to our health．
②___________________ is that eating too much junk food is harmful to our health．
③__________________ that eating too much junk food is harmful to our health．
As is known to us　
What is known to us　
It is known to us　
2．经常锻炼、均衡饮食和充足睡眠——所有这些都对一个人的身心健康有很大影响。
Regular exercise，a balanced diet and sufficient sleep—_______________________________________________________________．
3．我转过身来，发现他正朝我走来，当他向前摆动双脚时，他小小的身体左右摇摆着。
I turned to _________________ towards me，his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward．
all of these have
a great effect/influence on one's physical and mental health　
find him coming
4．很多人喜欢城市生活，然而有些人却在乡村找到了慰藉。
Many people prefer city life，______________________________________________．
while some find comfort in the
countryside
主题引领 写作提能
假定你是李华，请你以“Man and Nature”为主题写一篇短文参加英文报Youth的有奖征文比赛，内容要点如下：
1．人类从自然界获取灵感；
2．人类向大自然学习的实例；
3．由此得出的感悟。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Step 1　写作微练
①人类从诞生之日起，为了满足自身需要，不断从自然界中获取灵感，寻求解决问题的方法。
From the day of birth，in order to _____________________________，human beings constantly _________________________________________________．
②人们向蝙蝠学习制造雷达，向蜻蜓学习改善飞机的飞行性能。
People ____________________________，and from __________________________________________ of airplanes．
meet the needs of their own
take inspiration from nature and seek solutions 　
to problems
learned from bats to make radars
dragonflies to
improve the flight performance　
③大自然是人类出色的老师，但有些人反对向自然界学习，而且认为这些发明和创造都是理所当然的。
Nature is a superb teacher of human beings，but some people ___________________________________，and ____________________________________________．
④人类应和大自然和谐相处，大自然会带给我们巨大的利益作为回报。
Human beings should ___________________ nature，_________________________________________．
are
opposed to learning from nature
take these inventions and
creations for granted　
live in harmony with
and nature will
bring us great benefits in return　
⑤虽然人类主宰了这个世界，但我们不能违背自然规律，否则我们会受到自然规律的惩罚。
__________________________________，we should not violate the laws of nature；otherwise，we will be punished by them．
While human beings dominate the world
Step 2　句式升级
⑥用动词-ing形式短语作状语改写句③
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
⑦非限制性定语从句改写句④
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Nature is a superb teacher of human beings，but some people are opposed to learning from nature，taking these inventions and creations for granted．　
Human beings should live in harmony with nature，which will bring us great benefits in return．
Step 3　妙笔成篇
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
From the day of birth，in order to meet the needs of their own，human beings constantly take inspiration from nature and seek solutions to problems．
For example，people learned from bats to make radars，and from dragonflies to improve the flight performance of airplanes．Nature is a superb teacher of human beings，but some people are opposed to learning from nature，taking these inventions and creations for granted．
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Therefore，human beings should live in harmony with nature，which will bring us great benefits in return．While human beings dominate the world，we should not violate the laws of nature；otherwise，we will be punished by them．
Step1　语料积累
教材 语料 亮词 mimic；sow；seek solutions to；take inspiration from；employ；bow；withdraw；depart；reject；ease；attain；physician；decent；deliberately；depressive；reluctant
美句 1．Visitors are often amazed to find themselves in an urban building that so truly captures the beauty of natural forms．
2．Both men were happy to withdraw from contemporary life，seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of their lives．
拓展 语料 单词 ask问；answer/reply/respond 回答；announce/declare 宣布；add补充说；whisper 小声说；murmur/mutter 喃喃地说；sigh 叹息道；cry喊叫；shout 大声说；scream 尖叫；roar吼叫；blurt 脱口而出；exclaim 大声说，惊叫；gasp 喘着气说；snap 厉声说；mumble 嘟哝；explain 解释说；insist坚持说；state 陈述；comment/remark 评论；observe 评论；utter出声；stammer 结巴地说
拓展 语料 语块 talk in a low voice低声说话；reply with a snort of disgust厌恶地哼了一声回复；talk in a soft tone轻声说话；speak in a rough voice 用粗野的声音说话；murmur a thank-you 喃喃地说声谢谢；let out a surprisingly loud voice发出一个出乎意料的响亮声音；utter a cry of joy 发出欢呼声；question with a serious curiosity带着强烈的好奇心问；point out 指出；talk to oneself 某人自言自语；murmur to oneself 某人喃喃自语
拓展 语料 句型 1．“You stole something．You will be searched，” he announced．
“你偷了东西。你将被搜身。”他郑重地说。
2．I whispered，with my voice trembling，“It isn't me．”
我颤抖着低声说：“不是我。”
3．He approached me，snapped and it seemed as if he would eat me up in one gulp．
他走近我，厉声说话，好像要把我一口吞下去。
4．“I haven't finished；I need more time，” he begged．
他恳求道：“我还没有完成；我需要更多时间。”
Step 2　语料运用
①伯牙弹了三年琴，还是不能掌握音乐的奥秘，叹息道：“也许我该撤退了。”
Having played the qin for three years，Boya couldn't ____________________________，_________，“Perhaps I will withdraw．”
master the mystery of music
sighing　
②伯牙的老师成连察觉到了他的沮丧，脱口而出道：“我们去东海蓬莱山拜访我的老师吧。”并补充说他会受益匪浅。(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
Sensing his depression，Boya's teacher Cheng Lian blurted，“Let's visit my teacher on Penglai Mountain in the East China Sea，” _____________________________．
③伯牙欣然接受了老师的建议，出发前往目的地。
Boya responded willingly to his teacher's offer and ________________________．
adding that he would benefit a lot　
departed for the destination　
④一到了山上，成连累得喘不过气，他宣布伯牙可以自己练琴了。(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
On reaching the mountain，________________________，Cheng Lian announced that Boya could practise playing the qin by himself．
gasping with tiredness　
⑤伯牙被这壮丽的景色所吸引，激动地喊道：“多美的景色啊！”灵感涌上心头，他坐在地上，创作了那首著名的曲子——《高山流水》。
Attracted by the breathtaking scenery，Boya __________________________
___________，“How splendid the scenery is！” With inspiration welling up in his heart，he sat on the ground，creating the famous composition—High Mountains and Flowing Waters．
⑥伯牙握住老师的手，喃喃地说：“我们可以从大自然中获得灵感。”
Boya _____________________________________________，“We can take inspiration from nature．”
exclaimed/shouted/cried in
excitement　
held his teacher's hand and murmured/muttered
题型组合练(三十五)　选择性必修第三册　Unit 5　Learning from nature
(建议用时：45分钟　总分：47.5分)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·重庆三模)From an airplane，cars crawling down the highway look like ants． But actual ants—unlike cars—somehow manage to avoid the disaster of stop-and-go traffic． Scientists are studying these insects' remarkable teamwork to design smarter solutions for our roads—especially for future self-driving cars．
Traffic jams often start when roads become too crowded． At about 15 cars per mile per lane，even a slight brake tap can create a wave of traffic jams，similar to how liquid water suddenly freezes into ice． Yet ants move smoothly even in dense groups． Researchers studying Australian black ants discovered their secret：“Three No's Rule”—no lane-switching，no sudden speeding，and no tailgating．
Humans，however，often make traffic worse． During rush hour，drivers tend to speed up，change lanes frequently，or follow too closely—choices that prioritize individual goals over group efficiency．“This selfish behavior is why traffic jams form，” says engineer Nicola Pugno．But future self-driving cars could act more like ants．If connected through a network，autonomous vehicles might share real-time data to coordinate speeds and distances automatically．Like ants using scent trails to communicate，cars could form a cooperative system without a central leader—a design scientists call “resilient” and efficient．
Ants do have natural advantages．They can widen paths，climb over obstacles，and even walk on tunnel ceilings to avoid jams．Cars obviously can't do this，but drivers today can still learn one key lesson：avoid tailgating．Leaving extra space ahead helps absorb braking waves that cause “phantom jams”—mysterious traffic backups with no clear cause． Nishinari's research shows that maintaining a 3-second gap in heavy traffic could reduce congestion by 40%．
While ants have perfected traffic flow over millions of years，humans are just beginning to catch up．By blending nature's wisdom with technology，researchers hope to create roads where traffic moves as smoothly as an ant trail．As biologist Noa Pinter-Wollman notes，“Sometimes the simplest creatures hold the answers to our most complex problems．”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了蚂蚁在交通方面的出色表现，科学家研究其团队协作，希望借鉴蚂蚁的“三不原则”为道路交通尤其是未来自动驾驶汽车设计更智能的解决方案。
√
1．Why does the author compare traffic jams to water freezing into ice
A．To emphasize we should learn from nature．
B．To explore the secrets of Australian black ants．
C．To blame selfish drivers for causing accidents．
D．To show traffic jams start suddenly under high density．
D　[推理判断题。根据第二段中“Traffic jams often start when roads become too crowded．At about 15 cars per mile per lane，even a slight brake tap can create a wave of traffic jams，similar to how liquid water suddenly freezes into ice．”可知，作者将交通堵塞比作水结冰是为了说明在高密度情况下交通堵塞会突然开始。故选D项。]
√
2．What does the word “resilient” most likely mean in paragraph 3
A．Safe and silent．
B．Complex and flexible．
C．Adaptable and stable．
D．Cooperative and slow．
C　[词义猜测题。根据第三段中画线部分的上文可知，这种系统能像蚂蚁一样，即使没有中央领导也能很好地运作，说明它具有适应性和稳定性。所以“resilient”意思最可能是“适应性强且稳定的”，与C项“Adaptable and stable”意思相近。故选C项。]
√
3．What benefit does maintaining a 3-second gap in traffic provide
A．It increases fuel efficiency by 40%．
B．It reduces traffic jams by nearly half．
C．It eliminates all “phantom jams”．
D．It allows cars to travel at higher speeds．
B　[细节理解题。根据第四段中“Nishinari's research shows that maintaining a 3-second gap in heavy traffic could reduce congestion by 40%．”可知，在交通中保持3秒车距的好处是能将交通堵塞减少近一半。故选B项。]
√
4．What is the best title for this passage
A．How Traffic Engineering Reduces Accidents
B．Why Human Drivers Cause Traffic Jams
C．How Ants Teach Us to Solve Traffic Jams
D．Why Simplicity Can Solve Complex Problems
C　[标题归纳题。通读全文并结合第一段可知，本文主要讲述了科学家从蚂蚁的交通行为中获取灵感，以解决人类的交通堵塞问题。所以C项“How Ants Teach Us to Solve Traffic Jams(蚂蚁如何教我们解决交通堵塞问题)”能概括文章内容，最适合作文章标题。故选C项。]
B
(2026·浙江宁波模拟)Researchers have developed a novel inhalable (可吸入式的) drug delivery system for lung cancer using mucoadhesive protein nanoparticles (MPNs) inspired by marine mussels' (贻贝) characteristics．
Lung cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide． Non-small cell lung cancer，accounting for 85% of cases，is difficult to treat due to delayed detection and the deleterious effects of traditional treatments，in which anticancer drugs circulate throughout the body and damage healthy tissues．
Inhaled therapies offer a promising alternative，delivering drugs directly to the lungs． However，the efficiency of this approach has been affected by the lung's mucosal (黏膜的) barriers and immune cells． Building on this，collaborative research teams developed MPNs for lung cancer treatment． This approach takes advantage of the gluey feature of marine mussel proteins．
This characteristic allows the nanoparticles to be firmly attached to the lung's mucosal surfaces，ensuring that the drugs are released precisely in tumor (肿瘤) areas while minimizing exposure in healthy tissues． As a result，side effects are reduced． Additionally，the natural breakdown properties and low immune response of mussel proteins make the treatment safer and help the drugs stay longer in the lungs，boosting their effectiveness．
In lung cancer animal models，the drug-loaded nanoparticles effectively reduced tumor spread and invasion after being delivered through a breathing machine and remaining attached to the lung's mucosal surface for an extended time． This advancement holds the potential to enhance patient access to lung cancer treatment，as the simplified inhalable drug administration could be self-managed at home． Furthermore，this approach may significantly improve patients' quality of life by reducing the need for hospital visits．
The study has also drawn attention from researchers in the wider scientific community． Dr． Hana Lee from Seoul National University described the MPNs as a “guided missile” in cancer treatment—precise，efficient，and minimally invasive． This level of precision offered a rare combination of specificity and simplicity not often found in conventional treatments．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家受贻贝黏附特性启发，开发出新型吸入式纳米颗粒，可精准附着于肺部肿瘤区域，减少副作用并提升疗效，为肺癌治疗提供突破性方案。
√
5．What does the underlined word “deleterious” mean
A．Temporary．　 B．Harmful．
C．Unpredictable．　 D．Mild．
B　[词义猜测题。根据画线词的下文“in which anticancer drugs circulate throughout the body and damage healthy tissues”可知，传统治疗方式中，抗癌药物会损害健康组织，因此画线词的意思应该是“有害的”，与harmful意思相近。故选B项。]
√
6．What feature of mussels helps advance the study
A．Immune system．
B．Mucosal barriers．
C．Stickiness properties．
D．Tumor-killing substances．
C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“This approach takes advantage of the gluey feature of marine mussel proteins．”可知，贻贝蛋白的黏附特性推动了该研究。故选C项。]
√
7．Why did Dr． Hana Lee compare MPNs to a “guided missile”？
A．To emphasize targeting accuracy．
B．To suggest the military use of MPNs．
C．To challenge previous cancer treatment．
D．To show the new evidence of the research．
A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“This level of precision offered a rare combination of specificity and simplicity not often found in conventional treatments．”可知，后文解释比喻意图，突出了MPNs的精确性，这类似制导导弹的精准打击。因此，Hana Lee博士的这一比喻是为了强调MPNs的靶向准确性。故选A项。]
8．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Mussels' texture aids in technological advancements．
B．Novel lung cancer treatment outperforms old methods．
C．Bio-inspired nanoparticles improve lung cancer therapy．
D．Researchers collaborate to unlock the mystery of lung cancer．
C　[主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段可知，全文围绕受贻贝启发的黏附纳米颗粒MPNs如何提升肺癌治疗展开，指出这种颗粒可精准附着于肺部肿瘤区域，减少副作用并提升疗效，为肺癌治疗提供突破性方案。故选C项。]
√
Ⅱ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
(2026·湖南湘潭模拟)In the northern part of Chile，a small village named Chungungo lies between the Pacific Ocean and the Atacama Desert．This area was known for its heavy fog，which 　1　. the land in lasting dim (暗淡的) light but gave no help to the dry ground，leaving the village 　2　．
One day，a Canadian scientist named Robert，on a worldwide research trip，found this desolate landscape．To his surprise，he saw many spider webs，showing that spiders lived 　3　 in this tough environment．Interested，Robert 　4　 the webs under a microscope and found their strong water-collecting 　5　，which let them get moisture (水分) from the fog．It gave him a great idea．
“What if people could 　6　 the fog like the spiders' webs？” he wondered．With the help of the Chilean government，Robert created a(n)
　7　 material net made to harvest fog in thick areas．He built rows of these nets，making a web-shaped 　8　 that harvested the fog．
The result was 　9　．As the fog passed through the nets，it 　10　. water drops，which fell into pipes under the nets for 　11　 and cleaning，providing fresh water．This creative solution 　12　 Chungungo，turning the dead land into a lively environment．
Robert's discovery not only 　13　 the water shortage issue but also showed the importance of 　14　 and adaptation．It proved that nature holds the answers for 　15　，and with clever thinking，humans can find these secrets to make their world better．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了加拿大科学家Robert如何从蜘蛛网获取灵感，解决智利北部村庄Chungungo缺水问题的故事。
√
1．A．preserved　 B．decorated
C．covered　 D．blocked
C　[考查动词词义辨析。根据前文“its heavy fog，which”和后文“the land in lasting dim light”可知，这里指浓雾笼罩着土地。 故选C。]
√
2．A．useless　 B．lifeless
C．homeless　 D．endless
B　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据前文“gave no help to the dry ground”和后文“the dead land”可知，村庄是毫无生机的状态。 故选B。]
√
3．A．well　 B．deep
C．fast　 D．hard
A　[考查副词词义辨析。根据前文“To his surprise，he saw many spider webs”及常识可知，他看到了许多蜘蛛网，这表明蜘蛛在这种恶劣的环境中生活得很好。故选A。]
√
4．A．designed　 B．organized
C．carved　 D．examined
D　[考查动词词义辨析。根据后文“under a microscope”可知，应该是检查蜘蛛网。故选D。]
√
5．A．potential　 B．custom
C．ability　 D．category
C　[考查名词词义辨析。根据后文“which let them get moisture from the fog”及语境可知，这里指蜘蛛网从雾中获取水分的能力。故选C。]
√
6．A．digest　 B．collect
C．borrow　 D．simplify
B　[考查动词词义辨析。根据前文“which let them get moisture from the fog”可知，这里指像蜘蛛网一样收集雾。 故选B。]
√
7．A．artificial　 B．natural
C．organic　 D．widespread
A　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据语境可知，这里是说在智利政府的帮助下，Robert创造了一种人造材料网，用于在浓雾地区收集雾。故选A。]
√
8．A．society　 B．principle
C．system　 D．occupation
C　[考查名词词义辨析。根据前文“rows of these nets”可知，一排排的网形成了一个收集雾的系统。 故选C。]
√
9．A．surprising　 B．alarming
C．puzzling　 D．disappointing
A　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据后文“water drops，which fell into pipes under the nets”可知，这种方法成功收集到了雾中的水，所以结果是令人惊讶的。故选A。]
√
10．A．picked up　 B．took on
C．gave away　 D．turned into
D　[考查动词短语辨析。根据前文“As the fog passed through the nets”及语境可知，雾变成了水滴。故选D。]
√
11．A．saving　 B．gathering
C．training　 D．traveling
B　[考查动名词词义辨析。根据前文“which fell into pipes under the nets for”及语境可知，水滴落入管道是为了收集。 故选B。]
√
12．A．generated　 B．investigated
C．changed　 D．praised
C　[考查动词词义辨析。根据后文“turning the dead land into a lively environment”可知，从死寂的土地变成充满生机的环境，说明是改变了这个村庄。故选C。]
√
13．A．discovered　 B．followed
C．analysed　 D．solved
D　[考查动词词义辨析。根据前后文可知，这里是指解决了缺水问题。故选D。]
√
14．A．direction　 B．innovation
C．unity　 D．courage
B　[考查名词词义辨析。根据前文“Robert created a(n)”可知，创造出收集雾水的网是一种创新。 故选B。]
√
15．A．ambition　 B．progress
C．dimension　 D．living
D　[考查名词词义辨析。根据后文“humans can find these secrets to make their world better”及语境可知，这里说的是大自然有解决人类生活中问题的答案。故选D。]
Ⅲ．七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·山东淄博模拟)
Take It from Nature
Scientists are borrowing ideas from nature to solve tough design problems．
Japan's Shinkansen bullet train sped along the rails at lightning speed．　1　 To solve the train's noise trouble，Eiji Nakatsu，an engineer，looked to the kingfisher bird．
Nakatsu noticed that the kingfisher could dive through the air and into the water with barely a splash (落水声)． The bird could do this because of its streamlined beak． Nakatsu suggested the train's nose be modeled after the beak． And then the loud noise was gone．　2　 “If you want the answer to a tough question，ask nature first． You'll find in the natural world an unbelievable library of solutions，” Nakatsu said．
The science behind nature-inspired inventions is called biomimicry． 　3　 Since she co-founded the Biomimicry Institute in 2006，she has worked with hundreds of companies to develop products based on nature．
Scientist Brent Constantz was inspired by coral reefs (珊瑚礁) to create concrete that's better for the planet． Concrete，made up of cement and sand，is a top building material． The problem Making one ton of concrete produces one ton of CO2．
Constantz decided to borrow an idea from corals． When the tiny animals die，their bones form the foundation for colorful reefs． Saltwater mixes with CO2 to make these formations． To make his concrete，CO2 from power plants is mixed with saltwater．　4　. “This is a huge win for the planet，” says Constantz．
The possibilities for copying nature are limitless． 　5　 That amounts to thousands of lessons lost． “The more we learn from nature，the more we'll want to protect it，” says Constantz．
A．But it made a loud noise．
B．It is used in bridges and miles upon miles of highways．
C．The process actually removes polluting CO2 from the air．
D．We have to fall in love with all these wonderful creatures．
E．The trouble is that thousands of animals and plants die out each year．
F．Scientist Janine Benyus is a longtime supporter of this branch of science．
G．What's more，the new train travels 10% faster and uses 15% less electricity．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人类工程师通过模仿大自然的鬼斧神工来解决设计中的问题。
1．A　[根据前文“Japan's Shinkansen bullet train sped along the rails at lightning speed．”和后文“To solve the train's noise trouble，Eiji Nakatsu，an engineer，looked to the kingfisher bird．”可知，子弹头列车虽然速度很快，但存在噪声问题。空处承接上文，与前文构成转折关系；同时引出下文，呼应火车的噪声问题。A选项“但是它发出很大的噪声。”符合语境。故选A项。]
2．G　[根据前文“Nakatsu suggested the train's nose be modeled after the beak． And then the loud noise was gone．”和后文“If you want the answer to a tough question，ask nature first． You'll find in the natural world an unbelievable library of solutions”可知，以翠鸟的鸟喙为设计模型，能解决火车的噪声问题。G选项“更重要的是，新火车运行速度提高了10%，用电量减少了15%。”承接上文，说明以翠鸟的鸟喙为设计模型的新列车带来的额外优势，符合语境。故选G项。]
3．F 　[根据前文“The science behind nature-inspired inventions is called biomimicry．”和后文“Since she co-founded the Biomimicry Institute in 2006，she has worked with hundreds of companies to develop products based on nature．”可知，仿生学是一种以自然为灵感的科学，并且有一位女性在从事仿生学相关的研究和开发。F选项中的“this branch of science”与前文的“biomimicry”呼应，“Janine Benyus”也引出了下文的“she”。所以F选项“科学家Janine Benyus是这一科学分支的长期支持者。”符合语境。故选F项。]
4．C　[根据前文可知，Constantz从珊瑚礁中获取灵感，利用发电厂产生的二氧化碳与盐水混合，制作混凝土；C选项“这个过程实际上会去除空气中有污染性质的二氧化碳。”承接上文，阐述利用发电厂产生的二氧化碳制作混凝土带来的益处：去除空气中有污染性质的二氧化碳，选项中的“removes polluting CO2 from the air”与前文中的“CO2 from power plants”呼应，C选项符合语境。故选C项。]
5．E　[根据后文“That amounts to thousands of lessons lost． ‘The more we learn from nature，the more we'll want to protect it，’ says Constantz．”可知，人类损失了数千的经验教训，而又提到人类要保护自然，说明自然界受到了伤害才导致人类损失了许多可以借鉴的灵感。E选项“问题在于，每年有成千上万的动植物灭绝。”符合语境。故选E项。]
谢 谢 ！题型组合练(三十五)　选择性必修第三册　Unit 5　Learning from nature
(建议用时：45分钟　总分：47.5分)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·重庆三模)From an airplane，cars crawling down the highway look like ants． But actual ants—unlike cars—somehow manage to avoid the disaster of stop-and-go traffic． Scientists are studying these insects' remarkable teamwork to design smarter solutions for our roads—especially for future self-driving cars．
Traffic jams often start when roads become too crowded． At about 15 cars per mile per lane，even a slight brake tap can create a wave of traffic jams，similar to how liquid water suddenly freezes into ice． Yet ants move smoothly even in dense groups． Researchers studying Australian black ants discovered their secret：“Three No's Rule”—no lane-switching，no sudden speeding，and no tailgating．
Humans，however，often make traffic worse． During rush hour，drivers tend to speed up，change lanes frequently，or follow too closely—choices that prioritize individual goals over group efficiency．“This selfish behavior is why traffic jams form，” says engineer Nicola Pugno．But future self-driving cars could act more like ants．If connected through a network，autonomous vehicles might share real-time data to coordinate speeds and distances automatically．Like ants using scent trails to communicate，cars could form a cooperative system without a central leader—a design scientists call “resilient” and efficient．
Ants do have natural advantages．They can widen paths，climb over obstacles，and even walk on tunnel ceilings to avoid jams．Cars obviously can't do this，but drivers today can still learn one key lesson：avoid tailgating．Leaving extra space ahead helps absorb braking waves that cause “phantom jams”—mysterious traffic backups with no clear cause． Nishinari's research shows that maintaining a 3-second gap in heavy traffic could reduce congestion by 40%．
While ants have perfected traffic flow over millions of years，humans are just beginning to catch up．By blending nature's wisdom with technology，researchers hope to create roads where traffic moves as smoothly as an ant trail．As biologist Noa Pinter-Wollman notes，“Sometimes the simplest creatures hold the answers to our most complex problems．”
1．Why does the author compare traffic jams to water freezing into ice
A．To emphasize we should learn from nature．
B．To explore the secrets of Australian black ants．
C．To blame selfish drivers for causing accidents．
D．To show traffic jams start suddenly under high density．
2．What does the word “resilient” most likely mean in paragraph 3
A．Safe and silent．
B．Complex and flexible．
C．Adaptable and stable．
D．Cooperative and slow．
3．What benefit does maintaining a 3-second gap in traffic provide
A．It increases fuel efficiency by 40%．
B．It reduces traffic jams by nearly half．
C．It eliminates all “phantom jams”．
D．It allows cars to travel at higher speeds．
4．What is the best title for this passage
A．How Traffic Engineering Reduces Accidents
B．Why Human Drivers Cause Traffic Jams
C．How Ants Teach Us to Solve Traffic Jams
D．Why Simplicity Can Solve Complex Problems
B
(2026·浙江宁波模拟)Researchers have developed a novel inhalable (可吸入式的) drug delivery system for lung cancer using mucoadhesive protein nanoparticles (MPNs) inspired by marine mussels' (贻贝) characteristics．
Lung cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide． Non-small cell lung cancer，accounting for 85% of cases，is difficult to treat due to delayed detection and the deleterious effects of traditional treatments，in which anticancer drugs circulate throughout the body and damage healthy tissues．
Inhaled therapies offer a promising alternative，delivering drugs directly to the lungs． However，the efficiency of this approach has been affected by the lung's mucosal (黏膜的) barriers and immune cells． Building on this，collaborative research teams developed MPNs for lung cancer treatment． This approach takes advantage of the gluey feature of marine mussel proteins．
This characteristic allows the nanoparticles to be firmly attached to the lung's mucosal surfaces，ensuring that the drugs are released precisely in tumor (肿瘤) areas while minimizing exposure in healthy tissues． As a result，side effects are reduced． Additionally，the natural breakdown properties and low immune response of mussel proteins make the treatment safer and help the drugs stay longer in the lungs，boosting their effectiveness．
In lung cancer animal models，the drug-loaded nanoparticles effectively reduced tumor spread and invasion after being delivered through a breathing machine and remaining attached to the lung's mucosal surface for an extended time． This advancement holds the potential to enhance patient access to lung cancer treatment，as the simplified inhalable drug administration could be self-managed at home． Furthermore，this approach may significantly improve patients' quality of life by reducing the need for hospital visits．
The study has also drawn attention from researchers in the wider scientific community． Dr． Hana Lee from Seoul National University described the MPNs as a “guided missile” in cancer treatment—precise，efficient，and minimally invasive． This level of precision offered a rare combination of specificity and simplicity not often found in conventional treatments．
5．What does the underlined word “deleterious” mean
A．Temporary．　 B．Harmful．
C．Unpredictable．　 D．Mild．
6．What feature of mussels helps advance the study
A．Immune system．
B．Mucosal barriers．
C．Stickiness properties．
D．Tumor-killing substances．
7．Why did Dr． Hana Lee compare MPNs to a “guided missile”？
A．To emphasize targeting accuracy．
B．To suggest the military use of MPNs．
C．To challenge previous cancer treatment．
D．To show the new evidence of the research．
8．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Mussels' texture aids in technological advancements．
B．Novel lung cancer treatment outperforms old methods．
C．Bio-inspired nanoparticles improve lung cancer therapy．
D．Researchers collaborate to unlock the mystery of lung cancer．
Ⅱ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
(2026·湖南湘潭模拟)In the northern part of Chile，a small village named Chungungo lies between the Pacific Ocean and the Atacama Desert．This area was known for its heavy fog，which 　1　 the land in lasting dim (暗淡的) light but gave no help to the dry ground，leaving the village 　2　．
One day，a Canadian scientist named Robert，on a worldwide research trip，found this desolate landscape．To his surprise，he saw many spider webs，showing that spiders lived 　3　 in this tough environment．Interested，Robert 　4　 the webs under a microscope and found their strong water-collecting 　5　，which let them get moisture (水分) from the fog．It gave him a great idea．
“What if people could 　6　 the fog like the spiders' webs？” he wondered．With the help of the Chilean government，Robert created a(n) 　7　 material net made to harvest fog in thick areas．He built rows of these nets，making a web-shaped 　8　 that harvested the fog．
The result was 　9　．As the fog passed through the nets，it 　10　 water drops，which fell into pipes under the nets for 　11　 and cleaning，providing fresh water．This creative solution 　12　 Chungungo，turning the dead land into a lively environment．
Robert's discovery not only 　13　 the water shortage issue but also showed the importance of 　14　 and adaptation．It proved that nature holds the answers for 　15　，and with clever thinking，humans can find these secrets to make their world better．
1．A．preserved　 B．decorated
C．covered　 D．blocked
2．A．useless　 B．lifeless
C．homeless　 D．endless
3．A．well　 B．deep
C．fast　 D．hard
4．A．designed　 B．organized
C．carved　 D．examined
5．A．potential　 B．custom
C．ability　 D．category
6．A．digest　 B．collect
C．borrow　 D．simplify
7．A．artificial　 B．natural
C．organic　 D．widespread
8．A．society　 B．principle
C．system　 D．occupation
9．A．surprising　 B．alarming
C．puzzling　 D．disappointing
10．A．picked up　 B．took on
C．gave away　 D．turned into
11．A．saving　 B．gathering
C．training　 D．traveling
12．A．generated　 B．investigated
C．changed　 D．praised
13．A．discovered　 B．followed
C．analysed　 D．solved
14．A．direction　 B．innovation
C．unity　 D．courage
15．A．ambition　 B．progress
C．dimension　 D．living
Ⅲ．七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·山东淄博模拟)
Take It from Nature
Scientists are borrowing ideas from nature to solve tough design problems．
Japan's Shinkansen bullet train sped along the rails at lightning speed． 　1　 To solve the train's noise trouble，Eiji Nakatsu，an engineer，looked to the kingfisher bird．
Nakatsu noticed that the kingfisher could dive through the air and into the water with barely a splash (落水声)． The bird could do this because of its streamlined beak． Nakatsu suggested the train's nose be modeled after the beak． And then the loud noise was gone． 　2　 “If you want the answer to a tough question，ask nature first． You'll find in the natural world an unbelievable library of solutions，” Nakatsu said．
The science behind nature-inspired inventions is called biomimicry． 　3　 Since she co-founded the Biomimicry Institute in 2006，she has worked with hundreds of companies to develop products based on nature．
Scientist Brent Constantz was inspired by coral reefs (珊瑚礁) to create concrete that's better for the planet． Concrete，made up of cement and sand，is a top building material． The problem Making one ton of concrete produces one ton of CO2．
Constantz decided to borrow an idea from corals． When the tiny animals die，their bones form the foundation for colorful reefs． Saltwater mixes with CO2 to make these formations． To make his concrete，CO2 from power plants is mixed with saltwater． 　4　 “This is a huge win for the planet，” says Constantz．
The possibilities for copying nature are limitless． 　5　 That amounts to thousands of lessons lost． “The more we learn from nature，the more we'll want to protect it，” says Constantz．
A．But it made a loud noise．
B．It is used in bridges and miles upon miles of highways．
C．The process actually removes polluting CO2 from the air．
D．We have to fall in love with all these wonderful creatures．
E．The trouble is that thousands of animals and plants die out each year．
F．Scientist Janine Benyus is a longtime supporter of this branch of science．
G．What's more，the new train travels 10% faster and uses 15% less electricity．
题型组合练(三十五)
Ⅰ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了蚂蚁在交通方面的出色表现，科学家研究其团队协作，希望借鉴蚂蚁的“三不原则”为道路交通尤其是未来自动驾驶汽车设计更智能的解决方案。
1．D　[推理判断题。根据第二段中“Traffic jams often start when roads become too crowded． At about 15 cars per mile per lane，even a slight brake tap can create a wave of traffic jams，similar to how liquid water suddenly freezes into ice．”可知，作者将交通堵塞比作水结冰是为了说明在高密度情况下交通堵塞会突然开始。故选D项。]
2．C　[词义猜测题。根据第三段中画线部分的上文可知，这种系统能像蚂蚁一样，即使没有中央领导也能很好地运作，说明它具有适应性和稳定性。所以“resilient”意思最可能是“适应性强且稳定的”，与C项“Adaptable and stable”意思相近。故选C项。]
3．B　[细节理解题。根据第四段中“Nishinari's research shows that maintaining a 3-second gap in heavy traffic could reduce congestion by 40%．”可知，在交通中保持3秒车距的好处是能将交通堵塞减少近一半。故选B项。]
4．C　[标题归纳题。通读全文并结合第一段可知，本文主要讲述了科学家从蚂蚁的交通行为中获取灵感，以解决人类的交通堵塞问题。所以C项“How Ants Teach Us to Solve Traffic Jams(蚂蚁如何教我们解决交通堵塞问题)”能概括文章内容，最适合作文章标题。故选C项。]
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家受贻贝黏附特性启发，开发出新型吸入式纳米颗粒，可精准附着于肺部肿瘤区域，减少副作用并提升疗效，为肺癌治疗提供突破性方案。
5．B　[词义猜测题。根据画线词的下文“in which anticancer drugs circulate throughout the body and damage healthy tissues”可知，传统治疗方式中，抗癌药物会损害健康组织，因此画线词的意思应该是“有害的”，与harmful意思相近。故选B项。]
6．C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“This approach takes advantage of the gluey feature of marine mussel proteins．”可知，贻贝蛋白的黏附特性推动了该研究。故选C项。]
7．A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“This level of precision offered a rare combination of specificity and simplicity not often found in conventional treatments．”可知，后文解释比喻意图，突出了MPNs的精确性，这类似制导导弹的精准打击。因此，Hana Lee博士的这一比喻是为了强调MPNs的靶向准确性。故选A项。]
8．C　[主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段可知，全文围绕受贻贝启发的黏附纳米颗粒MPNs如何提升肺癌治疗展开，指出这种颗粒可精准附着于肺部肿瘤区域，减少副作用并提升疗效，为肺癌治疗提供突破性方案。故选C项。]
Ⅱ．1－5　CBADC　6－10　BACAD　11－15　BCDBD
Ⅲ．1－5　AGFCE
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