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（江苏无锡卷）期末测试卷-- 2025-2026学年 译林版
英语八年级下学期 解析卷
注意事项：
1.全卷满分100分。考试时间为100分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上, 答在本试卷上无效。
2.请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合,再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。
3.答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置,在其他位置答题一律无效。
第I卷（客观题 共50分）
一、单项选择 在A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。（本大题共14小题，每小题1分，共14分）
1．Many people consider him _______ the greatest scientist of the century.
A．be B．being C．to be D．is
【答案】C
【详解】句意：许多人认为他是本世纪最伟大的科学家。
根据固定搭配“consider sb to be…”可知，意为“认为某人是……”，此处需要用不定式结构“to be”作宾语补足语。
2．Mike failed again, but he never lost confidence. That’s ________ he achieved success at last.
A．what B．when C．why D．where
【答案】C
【详解】句意：迈克又失败了，但他从未失去信心。那就是他最后取得成功的原因。
what“什么”；when“何时”；why“为什么”；where“哪里”。前句“失败了但从未失去信心”是原因，“取得成功”是结果，固定句型“That’s why+结果”意为“那就是……的原因，那就是为什么……”，符合语境。
3．Today, teenagers should be taught to spend their pocket money ________.
A．successfully B．wisely C．carelessly D．freely
【答案】B
【详解】句意：如今，应该教育青少年明智地使用他们的零花钱。
successfully成功地；wisely明智地；carelessly粗心地；freely自由地。根据语境，教育青少年使用零花钱应是正向的引导，且wisely修饰spend，表示“理性、有计划地花钱”，符合逻辑。
4．It was very ________ her to shake hands with other players and thank the audience for their support after matches.
A．patient for B．pleased for C．polite of D．special of
【答案】C
【详解】句意：比赛后与其他选手握手并感谢观众的支持，她这样做非常有礼貌。
patient for有耐心的；pleased for高兴的；polite of有礼貌的；special of特别的。固定句型“It is+adj+of/for+sb.+to do sth.”，在该句型中，若形容词表示人的性格或品质，介词用of；若形容词表示事物的性质，介词用for。根据“shake hands... and thank the audience”可知这是礼貌的行为，是对her的品质评价，应用polite of。
5．Our school bought a lot of sports ________ for the students last week.
A．equipment B．experiment C．exhibition D．expression
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我们学校上周为学生们购买了许多体育器材。
equipment器材，设备（不可数名词）；experiment实验；exhibition展览；expression表达。根据“sports”以及“for the students”可知，学校购买的是体育器材，故选用equipment。
6．When we watch videos online, we often ________ on the important part to watch it more closely.
A．rest in B．hand in C．zoom in D．take in
【答案】C
【详解】句意：当我们在网上观看视频时，我们经常放大重要部分以更近地观看。
rest in位于；hand in上交；zoom in放大；take in吸收。根据“we often…on the important part to watch it more closely.”，放大视频重要部分才能看得更清楚，这里需要填入“放大”这一含义，应填zoom in。
7．—In China, we all call the Yellow River our “mother river”.
—_________ It’s the cradle of Chinese civilization (中华文明的摇篮).
A．No way. B．Thank you.
C．Yes, that’s true. D．Oh, that’s a good idea.
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——在中国，我们都称黄河为我们的“母亲河”。——是的，确实如此。它是中华文明的摇篮。
No way不可能；Thank you谢谢；Yes, that’s true是的，确实如此；Oh, that’s a good idea哦，好主意。根据上句“we all call the Yellow River our ‘mother river’”以及后句“It’s the cradle of Chinese civilization”可知，此处是对上文说法的肯定与认同，应填Yes, that’s true。
8．Losing her trust was the ________ experience of my life.
A．more hurtful B．most hurtful C．more patient D．most patient
【答案】B
【详解】句意：失去她的信任是我一生中最痛苦的经历。
more hurtful更令人伤心的；most hurtful最令人伤心的；more patient更有耐心的；most patient最有耐心的。根据“Losing her trust”可知是负面经历，排除patient；根据“of my life”可知是在一生所有经历中进行比较，应用最高级most，排除比较级more。应填most hurtful。
9．_________, there were two big tigers living in the forest.
A．Time after time B．Once upon a time C．At times D．From time to time
【答案】B
【详解】句意：从前，森林里住着两只大老虎。
Time after time屡次；Once upon a time从前；At times偶尔；From time to time时不时。根据句子“there were two big tigers living in the forest.”可知，本句为故事开篇表述，需要用“从前”，应填Once upon a time。
10．My hair is too long. I need to _________ tomorrow.
A．get it cut B．get cut it C．get them cut D．get it cutting
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我的头发太长了，我明天需要去剪头发。
get it cut把头发剪掉；hair为不可数名词，用it指代。get cut it语法语序错误，get+宾语+过去分词中代词it需置于cut前面。get them cut中them是复数代词，不能指代不可数名词hair。get it cutting表达中get sth doing表示“使某物持续主动做某事”，“让头发自己不停去剪”逻辑不通。应填get it cut。
11．—When would you like to go on a trip, in June or July
—________ month is fine.I have time all the time.
A．Neither B．All C．Both D．Either
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你想什么时候去旅行，六月还是七月？——任意一个月都可以。我一直都有时间。
Neither两者都不；All三者或以上都；Both两者都；Either两者中的任意一个。根据“in June or July”可知是在两者之间进行选择。由答语中“month”为单数名词，且“I have time all the time”表明持肯定态度，排除表否定的Neither和接复数名词的Both，All用于三者及以上。Either指两者中任意一个，后接单数名词，符合题意。应填Either。
12．—Will you go out for a walk with me
—Wait a minute. I will go with you ________ I finish washing the dishes.
A．as long as B．as soon as C．even though D．so that
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你会和我出去散步吗？——等一下。我一洗完碗就和你一起去。
as long as只要；as soon as一……就；even though即使；so that以便。根据“Wait a minute”和“I finish washing the dishes”可知，此处表示一洗完碗就去，as soon as符合语境。
13．—Do you feel like _________ to a film or would you like _________ the museum
—Neither. I just want to go to the zoo _________ next Monday.
A．to go; to visit; some time B．going; visiting; some time
C．to go; visiting; sometime D．going; to visit; sometime
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你想去看电影还是想要参观博物馆？——都不想去。我只想在下周一的某个时候去动物园。
feel like后接动名词doing，表示“想要做某事”；would like后接动词不定式to do，表示“想要做某事”；sometime意为“某时”，some time意为“一段时间”。根据固定搭配“feel like doing”可知，第一空填going；根据“would like to do”可知，第二空填to visit；表示下周一的某个时间点可知，第三空填sometime。
14．—I hear that the old man has given up smoking.
—Yes, because he thought_________ necessary _________him to_________.
A．it; of; give up it B．it; for; give it up
C．that; of; give up it D．that; for; give it up
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——我听说那位老人已经戒烟了。——是的，因为他认为这对于他来说去戒掉它是必要的。
根据“thought... necessary”可知，此处考查固定句型“think it + adj + for sb + to do sth.”，it作形式宾语，形容词necessary对应介词for；give up是“动词 + 副词”结构，代词it作宾语时需放在中间，即give it up。
二、完形填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Last week, I felt very terrible. I didn’t feel like eating anything and I always felt tired. At first, I thought it was because I stayed up late to study for the exam. But after two days, I still didn’t get better. Instead, I started to have a 15 and a cough.
My mother was worried about me. She took my temperature and found that I had a 16 . She said I should go to see a doctor. So we went to the hospital the next morning. The doctor asked me some questions about my health and checked me carefully. He told me that I had a bad cold because I didn’t wear enough clothes and 17 too much cold drink.
The doctor gave me some 18 and told me to take it three times a day. He also advised me to drink more hot water, have a good rest and not stay up late. He said I shouldn’t eat cold food or sweet food 19 it would make me 20 .
I followed the doctor’s advice. I took the medicine on time, drank a lot of hot water and slept for a long time every day. After three days, I started to feel better. A week later, I was fully recovered. From this experience, I know that it’s important to 21 ourselves and keep a 22 lifestyle. If we are 23 ill, we should go to see a doctor in time and follow the doctor’s 24 .
15．A．headache B．stomachache C．toothache D．backache
16．A．cold B．fever C．cough D．tired
17．A．ate B．drank C．took D．bought
18．A．food B．water C．medicine D．fruit
19．A．because B．so C．but D．and
20．A．bad B．good C．terrible D．worse
21．A．look for B．look after C．look at D．look up
22．A．healthy B．unhealthy C．happy D．sad
23．A．seriously B．early C．quickly D．slowly
24．A．advice B．questions C．answers D．ideas
【答案】
15．A 16．B 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．D 21．B 22．A 23．A 24．A
【导语】本文讲述了作者生病就医、遵医嘱康复，从中懂得要爱惜身体，养成健康的生活方式的故事。
【详解】15．句意：反而，我开始头疼咳嗽。
由后文感冒就医可知，伴随咳嗽的常见病痛是头疼，headache意为“头疼”，符合语境；stomachache“胃痛”，toothache“牙疼”，backache“背痛”均不属于感冒典型症状。
16．句意：妈妈给我量体温，发现我发烧了。
根据前文“took my temperature”量体温，量体温用来排查发烧症状，fever意为“发烧”，符合逻辑。
17．句意：他说我得重感冒是因为我穿得不够多，还喝了太多冷饮。
根据后文“cold drink”冷饮是饮品，drank意为“喝”，符合搭配；ate“吃”，took“拿取”，bought“购买”无法和饮品搭配，与语境无关。
18．句意：医生给我开了一些药，嘱咐我一天服用三次。
根据后文“take it three times a day”一天吃三次，medicine意为“药品”，符合逻辑；food“食物”，water“水”，fruit“水果”均不符合看病的场景。
19．句意：医生叮嘱我不能吃冷食、甜食，因为这会让我的病情更严重。
前文是“不建议吃冷食甜食”的结论，后文是这个结论的原因，逻辑上是前果后因，因此用because意为“因为”连接；so“因此”是前因后果，but“但是”表转折，and“和”表并列，都不符合逻辑关系。
20．句意：医生叮嘱我不能吃冷食、甜食，因为这会让我的病情更严重。
结合常识，生冷甜食会加重病情，worse意为“更糟糕的”，是比较级，与现状进行对比；bad，terrible均为原级，无法体现病情加重的对比，和文意不符。
21．句意：从这次经历中，我明白照顾好自己、保持健康的生活方式很重要。
look after意为“照顾，照料”，符合生病后感悟要爱惜照顾自己的语境；look for“寻找”，look at“看”，look up“查阅”均不符合语义。
22．句意：从这次经历中，我明白照顾好自己、保持健康的生活方式很重要。
全文围绕生病反思健康作息，healthy意为“健康的”，贴合文章主题；unhealthy“不健康的”，happy“开心的”，sad“难过的”均不符合主题。
23．句意：如果我们病得很重，我们应该及时去看医生，并且遵从医生的建议。
副词修饰形容词ill，seriously意为“严重地”，seriously ill是固定搭配表示“病得严重”，符合语境；early“提早地”，quickly“快速地”，slowly“缓慢地”都不能修饰ill表达病情程度。
24．句意：如果我们病得很重，我们应该及时去看医生，并且遵从医生的建议。
固定搭配follow the doctor’s advice表示“遵从医嘱”，advice意为“建议”，符合看病场景；questions“问题”，answers“答案”，ideas“想法”均不符合就医的语境。
三、阅读理解（本大题共 13 小题，每小题 2 分，共 26 分）
阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在每小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
When babies are born, they have a set of 20 primary teeth, sometimes known as milk teeth which sit in their gums (牙床) waiting to grow. Around the age of six months, babies’ first teeth are preparing to grow out of their gums. Children usually have all their baby teeth by the age of three. Then, at around the age of six, children’s baby teeth are pushed out, ready for growing adult teeth. The final teeth which grow from the gums are the largest teeth in the human mouth. They are called wisdom teeth and don’t grow fully until a person reaches their late teens or early twenties! An adult usually has 32 teeth.
Looking after your teeth is an important part of keeping your body healthy and it should be a part of your habits in your everyday life. To keep your teeth healthy, the most important thing you can do is to brush your teeth twice a day for at least three minutes. Using toothpaste can better protect your teeth from bacteria and plaque (细菌和菌斑). Plaque appears and builds up on your teeth when food is left on or between your teeth. It includes bacteria. So if it is not cleared up, it can cause a hole on your teeth or even tooth loss. Unless you brush your teeth every day, you will have to see a dentist. A dentist can give your teeth check-ups and make sure that your teeth are healthy.
25．We may have our wisdom teeth at the age of ________.
A．six months B．three C．twelve D．twenty-two
26．What is the correct order according to the passage
①Primary teeth wait to grow. ②Adult teeth grow.
③First teeth grow out of gums. ④Baby teeth are pushed out.
A．③②①④ B．①③④② C．②④③① D．④③②①
27．The underlined word “it” refers to ________.
A．brushing teeth every day B．seeing a dentist
C．keeping the body healthy D．looking after teeth
【答案】25．D 26．B 27．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了人类牙齿的生长规律：出生时20颗乳牙已埋伏在牙床，之后逐步萌出、乳牙被替换，最终成年时长出智齿，成人共有32颗牙齿；随后说明护牙对身体健康的重要性，介绍了日常护牙的正确方法和定期看牙医检查的必要性。
【详解】25．根据第一段中“They are called wisdom teeth and don’t grow fully until a person reaches their late teens or early twenties!”可知智齿长全的年龄通常在20岁左右。
26．梳理原文牙齿生长顺序：①婴儿出生时，乳牙就已经在牙床等待生长→③大约六个月时，第一颗乳牙准备长出牙床→④大约六岁时，乳牙被顶出→⑤之后准备生长恒牙，正确顺序为①③④②。
27．根据第二段首句“Looking after your teeth is an important part of keeping your body healthy and it should be a part of your habits…”可知连词and连接并列句，代词it指代前半句的主语动作“Looking after your teeth”。
B
In the shallow waters of the Pacific Ocean lie coral reefs coloured by some algae (海藻) that live with corals. Corals usually provide nitrogen (氮) to algae, and in return they get carbon (碳), which gives them energy.
In the early 1980s, a huge heat wave turned more than 90 per cent of these corals a pale and lifeless white. And it was believed that about 50 per cent of reefs with beautiful corals might disappear by 2030. Heat waves warmed up the same area of the Pacific waters in the late 1990s and again in 2015—2016, but scientists noticed that these heat waves didn’t influence the reefs as badly as the first. Maybe corals have found a way to adapt (适应).
Unlike fish, adult corals cannot move to cooler waters. But corals are able to adapt. Some turn to those algae that can deal well with heat. Others can use rows of tiny hairs on their bodies to “fan” away too much harmful oxygen (O2) let out by stressed-out algae. Certain baby corals change their own metabolism (新陈代谢) in order to fight the warming waters. But all these adaptations can protect themselves only to some degree.
After studying and understanding these adaptations, scientists are trying to find ways to help corals fight. If researchers can make corals accept algae that can deal with heat pressure or if they energize genes (基因) that can deal with heat pressure, it will increase the corals’ chance of living through future ocean heat waves.
“When I go down to the sea and see a beautiful healthy reef with these colourful corals, I feel the pleasure of being in this underwater world,” a famous biologist says. “It will be really sad to see it dead. But that does drive you to want to use your skills and love to help fight.”
28．What can we know from Paragraph 1
A．Corals make the algae more colourful. B．The algae provide room for corals to live in.
C．Corals and the algae depend on each other. D．The algae produce nitrogen to influence corals.
29．What difficulty do corals face
A．They cannot completely adapt to heat waves.
B．They cannot change their own metabolism.
C．They have no ability to swim to cooler waters.
D．They have no ability to drive away harmful oxygen.
30．Which would be the best title for the passage
A．Corals Die Out B．Corals Fight Back
C．Corals Break Down D．Corals Come into Being
【答案】28．C 29．A 30．B
【导语】本文主要讲述遭遇海洋热浪威胁的珊瑚演化出多种耐热适应本领，科学家也在研究方法助力珊瑚抵御高温。
【详解】28．第一段写明：“Corals usually provide nitrogen to algae, and in return they get carbon, which gives them energy”，体现珊瑚给海藻提供氮、海藻回馈碳，二者互相依存。
29．第三段说明局限：“But all these adaptations can protect themselves only to some degree”，表示珊瑚的各类适应办法只能起到部分保护作用，没法完全抵御热浪。
30．全文脉络：先讲热浪重创珊瑚，再写珊瑚演化多种适应高温的自保方式，科学家也在研究助力珊瑚生存的办法，整体围绕珊瑚对抗变暖环境展开，因此标题选“Corals Fight Back”。
C
Hokkaido, JapanA tsunami may hit coastal areas soon. It is caused by a strong underwater earthquake. Waves could be 5 to 10 meters high and could do great harm to buildings and living things. If you live near the coast, move to high ground now. Don’t stay in low areas. Watch local TV for the latest news.
Wuhan, ChinaHeavy rain is coming, starting at around 5:00 p.m. and lasting for at least 10 hours. It may flood low areas and cause traffic jams (拥堵). Please stay indoors if possible. If you go out, watch out for deep water and falling objects. Drivers should slow down and keep a safe distance.
St. Petersburg, RussiaA snowstorm is coming, starting at about 7:00 p.m. It’ll bring strong winds and heavy snow. Snow may pile (堆积) up to 30-50 cm deep. This can make roads slippery (滑的) and block (阻塞) traffic. Stay at home and keep warm. If drivers are on the road, find the nearest safe place to stop and wait until the weather gets better.
31．What’s the reason for the tsunami
A．The coastal area. B．The high waves.
C．The great harm of the water. D．The strong underwater earthquake.
32．When is the heavy rain starting in Wuhan
A．At about 5:00 in the morning. B．At around 10:00 in the morning.
C．At about 5:00 in the afternoon. D．At around 10:00 in the afternoon.
33．What should the drivers do when they are on the road in St. Petersburg
A．Go home quickly. B．Keep warm at once.
C．Stop and wait in safe places. D．Slow down and keep safe.
【答案】31．D 32．C 33．C
【导语】本文是一组自然灾害预警（应用文），分别介绍了日本北海道海啸、中国武汉暴雨、俄罗斯圣彼得堡暴风雪的时间、原因、危害及应对建议。
【详解】31．由“Hokkaido, Japan”部分“It is caused by a strong underwater earthquake”可知，海啸是由强烈的水下地震引起的。
32．由“Wuhan, China”部分“starting at around 5:00 p.m.”可知，武汉暴雨在下午5点左右开始。
33．由“St. Petersburg, Russia”部分“If drivers are on the road, find the nearest safe place to stop and wait until the weather gets better”可知，在圣彼得堡驾车时应找到最近的安全地点停车等待。
D
“I feel a bit ‘emo’.” Do you often hear people say this these days “Emo” is short for “emotional”. It means someone has strong feelings. Usually, they are bad ones, such as anger, worry, or sadness.
Everyone has bad feelings from time to time. You may feel upset when you get a low score on an exam. You may feel lonely after arguing with your friends. The emotions build up. At some point, they explode (爆炸). Boom! They make you shout and cry. You may not want to eat, speak, learn, or play. What should you do
Hey, don’t forget that you are the master (主人) of your emotions. Do you know the Dementors (摄魂怪) in Harry Potter They make people feel sad. But there is one way to beat them: eating some chocolate and trying to think of the happiest moment of your life. Let the good feelings fight the bad ones. In real life, you should always look on the bright side of things. For example, getting a low score on an exam is not always bad. You know where the problem is, and next time you can do better. You will feel hopeful this way.
When those bad feelings come, you can also try some simple actions to drive them away. For example, imagine that you are smelling a flower, and then blowing up a balloon. Keep doing it and you can calm down. Doing some exercise, such as jumping and running, can help you relax. Or hug (拥抱) your parents, pets or your soft toys. They can make you feel safe and relaxed.
34．Which of the following feelings is thought to be “emo”
A．Calmness. B．Sadness. C．Hopefulness. D．Happiness.
35．Which of the following is similar to the way mentioned in paragraph 3
A．After losing a game, the player refuses to play again.
B．When someone is sad, he just stays in bed and doesn’t talk to anyone.
C．When someone loses a toy, he cries and refuses to play with other toys.
D．After getting a bad score, the student works harder to do better next time.
36．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．It shows the meaning of “emo”.
B．It tells us how to deal with bad feelings.
C．It shows why people have bad feelings.
D．It tells stories about fighting against bad feelings.
37．What is the best title for the text
A．How to Control Your Emotions. B．Beat Emo: Master Your Emotions!
C．Why People Feel Sad and Angry. D．Harry Potter’s Emotional Magic.
【答案】34．B 35．D 36．B 37．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章讲述遇到负面情绪时，要做情绪的主人，用积极心态和简单行动（如深呼吸、运动、拥抱）来调节和化解。
【详解】34．第一段“It means someone has strong feelings. Usually, they are bad ones, such as anger, worry, or sadness.”指出“emo”一般指强烈的负面情绪，原文明确举例包括愤怒、担忧、悲伤，选项中只有“Sadness”符合。
35．第三段“In real life, you should always look on the bright side of things. For example, getting a low score on an exam is not always bad. You know where the problem is, and next time you can do better.”介绍的方法是：凡事要看到事情光明的一面，从糟糕的处境中找到积极的改进方向，和文中“考分低能发现问题，下次能做得更好”的例子思路一致的是选项D“考了差成绩后，学生更努力争取下次考好”。
36．最后一段的第一句“When those bad feelings come, you can also try some simple actions to drive them away.”点明坏情绪来临时，可以尝试很多简单动作赶走它，后文又列举了多种具体方法，因此本段核心是告诉我们如何处理坏情绪。
37．文章开篇引出“emo”一词，解释了其含义，接着阐述了不良情绪的影响，并重点介绍了如何做情绪的主人以及战胜不良情绪的具体方法。选项B既包含了文章的核心关键词“Emo”，又准确概括了文章关于“掌控情绪”的主旨，是最合适的标题。
第Ⅱ卷（主观题 共50分）
四、词汇运用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
（A）根据句意和汉语注释，在答题卡对应题号的横线上，写出单词的正确形式。
38．Mr Huang explained the maths problem so ________ (简单地).
【答案】
simply
【详解】句意：黄老师把这道数学题解释得很简单。“简单地”是副词，修饰动词explained，英文用simply；so后接副词原级。
39．Everyone was in ________ (震惊) and wanted to know what happened.
【答案】
shock
【详解】句意：每个人都很震惊，想要知道发生了什么。根据介词“in”可知，“震惊”对应名词shock，固定搭配in shock“震惊”。
40．He has rich ________ (知识) of natural disasters.
【答案】knowledge
【详解】句意：他拥有丰富的自然灾害知识。括号内中文提示“知识”，对应不可数名词“knowledge”。
41．He has a physical ________(缺陷), but he never gives up his dream.
【答案】disability
【详解】句意：他有生理缺陷，但他从未放弃自己的梦想。 “缺陷”对应的单词是disability，physical disability生理缺陷/身体残疾，前面有不定冠词a，因此使用单数形式disability。
42．If we drop litter in a public place, we’ll be ________ (罚款) by the police.
【答案】fined
【详解】句意：如果我们在公共场所乱扔垃圾，就会被警察罚款。 “罚款”为fine，此处应用过去分词为fined，与will be构成一般将来时的被动语态。
（B）根据句意，在答题卡对应题号的横线上，写出括号内所给单词的适当形式。
43．David would feel a sense of ________ (achieve) after learning to swim.
【答案】
achievement
【详解】句意：大卫学会游泳后会感到一种成就感。a sense of + 名词，表示“……感”。achieve的名词形式是achievement“成就”，a sense of achievement表示“成就感”。
44．I can see a ________ (similar) between your idea and his.
【答案】similarity
【详解】句意：我能看出你的想法和他的想法之间有相似之处。空格前有不定冠词a，说明这里需要填一个名词。文中提示词similar是形容词，意为“相似的”，它的名词形式是similarity，表示“相似点、相似之处”，故填similarity。
45．The bus was about to leave when we arrived. _________ (lucky), the driver waited for us.
【答案】Luckily
【详解】句意：我们到达时，公共汽车正要离开。幸运的是，司机等着我们。lucky意为“幸运的”，是形容词，此处用其副词形式luckily修饰整个句子，意为“幸运的是”，句首单词的首字母要大写。
46．Many great people ever failed, but they never gave up and managed _________ (succeed).
【答案】to succeed
【详解】句意：许多伟人都曾经历失败，但他们从未放弃，最终成功了。句中固定搭配“manage to do sth.”表示“设法做成某事、成功做某事”，后面需要接动词不定式作宾语，故填to succeed。
47．We need to protect _________ (we) from the cold wind when going out in winter.
【答案】ourselves
【详解】句意：当冬天外出时，我们需要保护自己免受寒风的侵袭。we意为“我们”，是人称代词主格，根据主语we，此处用其反身代词ourselves符合语境，意为“我们自己”。
五、动词填空 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，并将答案写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
48．I looked everywhere but my notebook is still ________ (miss).
【答案】missing
【详解】句意：我到处都找了，但我的笔记本仍然不见了。根据“is still”及句意，需填形容词作表语。miss的形容词形式是missing“丢失的”。
49．He ________ (talk) on the phone when I knocked at the door.
【答案】was talking
【详解】句意：当我敲门时，他正在打电话。句中“when I knocked at the door”为过去某一具体时间点，提示主句动作在当时正在进行，应用过去进行时。主语He为第三人称单数，be动词用was，后接talk的现在分词talking。
50．We should do what we can ________ (keep) the river clean.
【答案】to keep
【详解】句意：我们应该尽我们所能来保持河水清洁。“尽我们所能”的目的是“保持河水清洁”，因此空处用不定式作目的状语，故填to keep。
51．Do you know who ________ (work) over there
【答案】is working
【详解】句意：你知道谁在那里工作吗？根据“over there”提示，表示正在工作，应该使用现在进行时，who为第三人称单数，be动词用is，work的现在分词形式是working。
52．It’s ________ (help) to learn some basic skills to deal with natural disasters.
【答案】helpful
【详解】句意：学习一些应对自然灾害的基本技能是很有帮助的。 固定句型It’s + 形容词 + to do sth.，意思是“做某事是……”，可知空处需要填形容词；help 动词变形容词为 helpful，表示“有帮助的”，符合语境。
53．While Linda ________ (sleep), Jenny was helping Mary with her homework.
【答案】was sleeping
【详解】句意： 当琳达正在睡觉时，珍妮正在帮助玛丽做作业。while引导时间状语从句，强调两个动作同时进行，且通常都使用进行时态。主句使用过去进行时was helping，从句也应用过去进行时，主语Linda是第三人称单数，所以用was sleeping。
54．I bought the house two years ago. So I ________ (have) it for two years.
【答案】have had
【详解】句意：我两年前买了这栋房子，因此我已经拥有它两年了。句中“for two years”是现在完成时的标志，且此处需用延续性动词表示动作从过去持续到现在，结构为“have/has+动词的过去分词”，have的过去分词是had，主语是I。
55．She practices ________ (play) the violin for two hours every day.
【答案】playing
【详解】句意：她每天练习拉两个小时小提琴。practice doing something为固定搭配，表示“练习做某事”，play为动词，表示“弹奏”，应变为动名词playing。故填playing。
56．His mood is so __________ that I never know how he’ll react. (change)
【答案】changeable
【详解】句意：他的情绪如此多变，我从来不知道他会作何反应。本句是so…that…表示“如此……以至于……”，副词so后面需要接形容词修饰名词mood“情绪”；后半句表示“我从来不知道他会如何反应”，说明他的情绪是多变的；提示词change是动词“改变”，此处应填其形容词changeable，意为“多变的、变化无常的”。
57．The teacher wants to know who ________ (clean) the classroom yesterday.
【答案】cleaned
【详解】句意：老师想知道昨天谁打扫了教室。“yesterday”提示动作发生在过去，宾语从句中谓语动词用一般过去时，clean的过去式是cleaned。
六、阅读表达 （本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
阅读下面短文，简略回答问题
There are many waterfalls in China. Some are big, and some are small. They are all beautiful. Today I’ll introduce four of them to you.
Huangguoshu Waterfall, which sits in Anshun City, Guizhou Province, is the largest waterfall in China and one of the most famous natural wonders in Asia. With a height of 77.8 meters and a width of 101 meters, it looks like a “white curtain” pouring from the sky, producing thunderous sounds. Every year, millions of people come to visit this natural wonder.
Sanxia Waterfall in Yichang, Hubei is a great natural landscape in China. It is one of the widest waterfalls and many people think it is the No.1 waterfall in the world.
Hukou Waterfall, located on the Yellow River at the border of Shanxi Province and Shaanxi Province in northern China, is one of the most powerful waterfalls in the country. Known for its amazing yellow-hued water and thunderous sound, it is the second largest waterfall in China (after Huangguoshu Waterfall). People can hear the sound from far away.
Lushan Waterfall in Jiangxi is very beautiful. It’s well-known in China and the world because of the poem (诗) by Li Bai: It plunges straight down three thousand feet. As if the Silver River were falling from the Ninth Heaven.
58．How high is Huangguoshu Waterfall
59．Where is Sanxia Waterfall
60．What is Hukou Waterfall known for
61．Why is Lushan Waterfall well-known in China and the world
62．Which waterfall do you like best Why
【答案】58．
77.8 meters. 59．
In Yichang, Hubei. 60．
Its amazing yellow-hued water and thunderous sound. 61．
Because of the poem by Li Bai. 62．
I like Huangguoshu Waterfall best, because it is the largest waterfall in China.
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国四个著名的瀑布（黄果树瀑布、三峡瀑布、壶口瀑布和庐山瀑布）的基本情况。
【详解】58．文章第二段“With a height of 77.8 meters and a width of 101 meters”明确提到黄果树瀑布的高度为77.8米，答案是原文直接信息。
59．文章第三段“Sanxia Waterfall in Yichang, Hubei is a great natural landscape in China.”点明三峡瀑布位于湖北宜昌，可提取原文。
60．文章第四段“Known for its amazing yellow-hued water and thunderous sound”说明壶口瀑布因惊艳的黄色水体和轰鸣的水声闻名，直接提取。
61．文章最后一段中“It’s well-known in China and the world because of the poem by Li Bai”点明庐山瀑布因李白的诗作闻名中外，答案几乎是原文引述。
62．开放性试题，答案不唯一。根据文中信息选择任意一个自己喜欢的瀑布，并给出合理理由即可。
七、书面表达（本大题共20分）
63．随着人们的生活越来越好，有些人的饮食习惯导致体重过重。于是国家卫健委在2025年3月份就中学生过胖提出了“体重管理”的倡议，要求同学们注重健康的饮食，积极参加运动，养成良好的健康习惯。请你根据以下提示内容和写作要求，以“My ways to keep healthy”为题，写一篇英语短文谈谈你是如何保持健康的。
提示: (1)Eat healthy food every day
(2)Play sports every day
(3)Have enough sleep
注意：1. 文中必须包括提示中的要点。可适当补充。
2. 文中不得出现真实姓名和校名。
3. 80词左右。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
My ways to keep healthy
How to keep healthy I have some good ways.
First, I eat healthy food every day, like vegetables and fruit, and I seldom eat junk food. Second, playing sports is a good way to keep healthy. So I play sports every day, such as running and playing basketball. Third, it’s important to have enough sleep, so I never stay up late. Besides, I try to keep happy every day.
All in all, these are my ways to keep healthy. If you want to keep healthy, take action now!
【详解】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
明确文体：说明文（材料作文），以一般现在时为主
明确要点：围绕保持健康介绍四种方法（饮食/运动/睡眠/心态），文末倡议大家行动
确定人称：第一人称
注意事项：要点齐全，分点清晰，用词通俗
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构
开头段：抛出问题，引出自己的养生方法
主体段：依次从饮食、运动、作息、心情四个方面介绍做法
结尾段：总结方法并发出倡议
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：引出话题：how to keep healthy/have some good ways/the ways of…/share my suggestions/it’s important to…/good health matters a lot
要点二：方法介绍
健康饮食：eat healthy food/eat vegetables and fruit/seldom eat junk food/have healthy meals/take fruit and vegetables/hardly have junk food/keep balanced diet/stay away from snacks/eat fresh food
日常运动：play sports every day/running and playing basketball/do exercise daily/go running and play ball games/take outdoor activities/do morning exercises/climb mountains
规律作息：have enough sleep/never stay up late/get sufficient rest/go to bed early/form good sleeping habits/avoid staying up/rest on time
保持心态：keep happy every day/stay cheerful all day/relax oneself/forget troubles/keep a positive mood
要点三：总结倡议：take action to keep healthy/do something to stay fit/develop good living habits/start a healthy lifestyle
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页（江苏无锡卷）期末测试卷-- 2025-2026学年 译林版
英语八年级下学期
注意事项：
1.全卷满分100分。考试时间为100分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上, 答在本试卷上无效。
2.请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合,再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。
3.答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置,在其他位置答题一律无效。
第I卷（客观题 共50分）
一、单项选择 在A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。（本大题共14小题，每小题1分，共14分）
1．Many people consider him _______ the greatest scientist of the century.
A．be B．being C．to be D．is
2．Mike failed again, but he never lost confidence. That’s ________ he achieved success at last.
A．what B．when C．why D．where
3．Today, teenagers should be taught to spend their pocket money ________.
A．successfully B．wisely C．carelessly D．freely
4．It was very ________ her to shake hands with other players and thank the audience for their support after matches.
A．patient for B．pleased for C．polite of D．special of
5．Our school bought a lot of sports ________ for the students last week.
A．equipment B．experiment C．exhibition D．expression
6．When we watch videos online, we often ________ on the important part to watch it more closely.
A．rest in B．hand in C．zoom in D．take in
7．—In China, we all call the Yellow River our “mother river”.
—_________ It’s the cradle of Chinese civilization (中华文明的摇篮).
A．No way. B．Thank you.
C．Yes, that’s true. D．Oh, that’s a good idea.
8．Losing her trust was the ________ experience of my life.
A．more hurtful B．most hurtful C．more patient D．most patient
9．_________, there were two big tigers living in the forest.
A．Time after time B．Once upon a time C．At times D．From time to time
10．My hair is too long. I need to _________ tomorrow.
A．get it cut B．get cut it C．get them cut D．get it cutting
11．—When would you like to go on a trip, in June or July
—________ month is fine.I have time all the time.
A．Neither B．All C．Both D．Either
12．—Will you go out for a walk with me
—Wait a minute. I will go with you ________ I finish washing the dishes.
A．as long as B．as soon as C．even though D．so that
13．—Do you feel like _________ to a film or would you like _________ the museum
—Neither. I just want to go to the zoo _________ next Monday.
A．to go; to visit; some time B．going; visiting; some time
C．to go; visiting; sometime D．going; to visit; sometime
14．—I hear that the old man has given up smoking.
—Yes, because he thought_________ necessary _________him to_________.
A．it; of; give up it B．it; for; give it up
C．that; of; give up it D．that; for; give it up
二、完形填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Last week, I felt very terrible. I didn’t feel like eating anything and I always felt tired. At first, I thought it was because I stayed up late to study for the exam. But after two days, I still didn’t get better. Instead, I started to have a 15 and a cough.
My mother was worried about me. She took my temperature and found that I had a 16 . She said I should go to see a doctor. So we went to the hospital the next morning. The doctor asked me some questions about my health and checked me carefully. He told me that I had a bad cold because I didn’t wear enough clothes and 17 too much cold drink.
The doctor gave me some 18 and told me to take it three times a day. He also advised me to drink more hot water, have a good rest and not stay up late. He said I shouldn’t eat cold food or sweet food 19 it would make me 20 .
I followed the doctor’s advice. I took the medicine on time, drank a lot of hot water and slept for a long time every day. After three days, I started to feel better. A week later, I was fully recovered. From this experience, I know that it’s important to 21 ourselves and keep a 22 lifestyle. If we are 23 ill, we should go to see a doctor in time and follow the doctor’s 24 .
15．A．headache B．stomachache C．toothache D．backache
16．A．cold B．fever C．cough D．tired
17．A．ate B．drank C．took D．bought
18．A．food B．water C．medicine D．fruit
19．A．because B．so C．but D．and
20．A．bad B．good C．terrible D．worse
21．A．look for B．look after C．look at D．look up
22．A．healthy B．unhealthy C．happy D．sad
23．A．seriously B．early C．quickly D．slowly
24．A．advice B．questions C．answers D．ideas
三、阅读理解（本大题共 13 小题，每小题 2 分，共 26 分）
阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在每小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
When babies are born, they have a set of 20 primary teeth, sometimes known as milk teeth which sit in their gums (牙床) waiting to grow. Around the age of six months, babies’ first teeth are preparing to grow out of their gums. Children usually have all their baby teeth by the age of three. Then, at around the age of six, children’s baby teeth are pushed out, ready for growing adult teeth. The final teeth which grow from the gums are the largest teeth in the human mouth. They are called wisdom teeth and don’t grow fully until a person reaches their late teens or early twenties! An adult usually has 32 teeth.
Looking after your teeth is an important part of keeping your body healthy and it should be a part of your habits in your everyday life. To keep your teeth healthy, the most important thing you can do is to brush your teeth twice a day for at least three minutes. Using toothpaste can better protect your teeth from bacteria and plaque (细菌和菌斑). Plaque appears and builds up on your teeth when food is left on or between your teeth. It includes bacteria. So if it is not cleared up, it can cause a hole on your teeth or even tooth loss. Unless you brush your teeth every day, you will have to see a dentist. A dentist can give your teeth check-ups and make sure that your teeth are healthy.
25．We may have our wisdom teeth at the age of ________.
A．six months B．three C．twelve D．twenty-two
26．What is the correct order according to the passage
①Primary teeth wait to grow. ②Adult teeth grow.
③First teeth grow out of gums. ④Baby teeth are pushed out.
A．③②①④ B．①③④② C．②④③① D．④③②①
27．The underlined word “it” refers to ________.
A．brushing teeth every day B．seeing a dentist
C．keeping the body healthy D．looking after teeth
B
In the shallow waters of the Pacific Ocean lie coral reefs coloured by some algae (海藻) that live with corals. Corals usually provide nitrogen (氮) to algae, and in return they get carbon (碳), which gives them energy.
In the early 1980s, a huge heat wave turned more than 90 per cent of these corals a pale and lifeless white. And it was believed that about 50 per cent of reefs with beautiful corals might disappear by 2030. Heat waves warmed up the same area of the Pacific waters in the late 1990s and again in 2015—2016, but scientists noticed that these heat waves didn’t influence the reefs as badly as the first. Maybe corals have found a way to adapt (适应).
Unlike fish, adult corals cannot move to cooler waters. But corals are able to adapt. Some turn to those algae that can deal well with heat. Others can use rows of tiny hairs on their bodies to “fan” away too much harmful oxygen (O2) let out by stressed-out algae. Certain baby corals change their own metabolism (新陈代谢) in order to fight the warming waters. But all these adaptations can protect themselves only to some degree.
After studying and understanding these adaptations, scientists are trying to find ways to help corals fight. If researchers can make corals accept algae that can deal with heat pressure or if they energize genes (基因) that can deal with heat pressure, it will increase the corals’ chance of living through future ocean heat waves.
“When I go down to the sea and see a beautiful healthy reef with these colourful corals, I feel the pleasure of being in this underwater world,” a famous biologist says. “It will be really sad to see it dead. But that does drive you to want to use your skills and love to help fight.”
28．What can we know from Paragraph 1
A．Corals make the algae more colourful. B．The algae provide room for corals to live in.
C．Corals and the algae depend on each other. D．The algae produce nitrogen to influence corals.
29．What difficulty do corals face
A．They cannot completely adapt to heat waves.
B．They cannot change their own metabolism.
C．They have no ability to swim to cooler waters.
D．They have no ability to drive away harmful oxygen.
30．Which would be the best title for the passage
A．Corals Die Out B．Corals Fight Back
C．Corals Break Down D．Corals Come into Being
C
Hokkaido, JapanA tsunami may hit coastal areas soon. It is caused by a strong underwater earthquake. Waves could be 5 to 10 meters high and could do great harm to buildings and living things. If you live near the coast, move to high ground now. Don’t stay in low areas. Watch local TV for the latest news.
Wuhan, ChinaHeavy rain is coming, starting at around 5:00 p.m. and lasting for at least 10 hours. It may flood low areas and cause traffic jams (拥堵). Please stay indoors if possible. If you go out, watch out for deep water and falling objects. Drivers should slow down and keep a safe distance.
St. Petersburg, RussiaA snowstorm is coming, starting at about 7:00 p.m. It’ll bring strong winds and heavy snow. Snow may pile (堆积) up to 30-50 cm deep. This can make roads slippery (滑的) and block (阻塞) traffic. Stay at home and keep warm. If drivers are on the road, find the nearest safe place to stop and wait until the weather gets better.
31．What’s the reason for the tsunami
A．The coastal area. B．The high waves.
C．The great harm of the water. D．The strong underwater earthquake.
32．When is the heavy rain starting in Wuhan
A．At about 5:00 in the morning. B．At around 10:00 in the morning.
C．At about 5:00 in the afternoon. D．At around 10:00 in the afternoon.
33．What should the drivers do when they are on the road in St. Petersburg
A．Go home quickly. B．Keep warm at once.
C．Stop and wait in safe places. D．Slow down and keep safe.
D
“I feel a bit ‘emo’.” Do you often hear people say this these days “Emo” is short for “emotional”. It means someone has strong feelings. Usually, they are bad ones, such as anger, worry, or sadness.
Everyone has bad feelings from time to time. You may feel upset when you get a low score on an exam. You may feel lonely after arguing with your friends. The emotions build up. At some point, they explode (爆炸). Boom! They make you shout and cry. You may not want to eat, speak, learn, or play. What should you do
Hey, don’t forget that you are the master (主人) of your emotions. Do you know the Dementors (摄魂怪) in Harry Potter They make people feel sad. But there is one way to beat them: eating some chocolate and trying to think of the happiest moment of your life. Let the good feelings fight the bad ones. In real life, you should always look on the bright side of things. For example, getting a low score on an exam is not always bad. You know where the problem is, and next time you can do better. You will feel hopeful this way.
When those bad feelings come, you can also try some simple actions to drive them away. For example, imagine that you are smelling a flower, and then blowing up a balloon. Keep doing it and you can calm down. Doing some exercise, such as jumping and running, can help you relax. Or hug (拥抱) your parents, pets or your soft toys. They can make you feel safe and relaxed.
34．Which of the following feelings is thought to be “emo”
A．Calmness. B．Sadness. C．Hopefulness. D．Happiness.
35．Which of the following is similar to the way mentioned in paragraph 3
A．After losing a game, the player refuses to play again.
B．When someone is sad, he just stays in bed and doesn’t talk to anyone.
C．When someone loses a toy, he cries and refuses to play with other toys.
D．After getting a bad score, the student works harder to do better next time.
36．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．It shows the meaning of “emo”.
B．It tells us how to deal with bad feelings.
C．It shows why people have bad feelings.
D．It tells stories about fighting against bad feelings.
37．What is the best title for the text
A．How to Control Your Emotions. B．Beat Emo: Master Your Emotions!
C．Why People Feel Sad and Angry. D．Harry Potter’s Emotional Magic.
第Ⅱ卷（主观题 共50分）
四、词汇运用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
（A）根据句意和汉语注释，在答题卡对应题号的横线上，写出单词的正确形式。
38．Mr Huang explained the maths problem so ________ (简单地).
39．Everyone was in ________ (震惊) and wanted to know what happened.
40．He has rich ________ (知识) of natural disasters.
41．He has a physical ________(缺陷), but he never gives up his dream.
42．If we drop litter in a public place, we’ll be ________ (罚款) by the police.
（B）根据句意，在答题卡对应题号的横线上，写出括号内所给单词的适当形式。
43．David would feel a sense of ________ (achieve) after learning to swim.
44．I can see a ________ (similar) between your idea and his.
45．The bus was about to leave when we arrived. _________ (lucky), the driver waited for us.
46．Many great people ever failed, but they never gave up and managed _________ (succeed).
47．We need to protect _________ (we) from the cold wind when going out in winter.
五、动词填空 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，并将答案写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
48．I looked everywhere but my notebook is still ________ (miss).
49．He ________ (talk) on the phone when I knocked at the door.
50．We should do what we can ________ (keep) the river clean.
51．Do you know who ________ (work) over there
52．It’s ________ (help) to learn some basic skills to deal with natural disasters.
53．While Linda ________ (sleep), Jenny was helping Mary with her homework.
54．I bought the house two years ago. So I ________ (have) it for two years.
55．She practices ________ (play) the violin for two hours every day.
56．His mood is so __________ that I never know how he’ll react. (change)
57．The teacher wants to know who ________ (clean) the classroom yesterday.
六、阅读表达 （本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
阅读下面短文，简略回答问题
There are many waterfalls in China. Some are big, and some are small. They are all beautiful. Today I’ll introduce four of them to you.
Huangguoshu Waterfall, which sits in Anshun City, Guizhou Province, is the largest waterfall in China and one of the most famous natural wonders in Asia. With a height of 77.8 meters and a width of 101 meters, it looks like a “white curtain” pouring from the sky, producing thunderous sounds. Every year, millions of people come to visit this natural wonder.
Sanxia Waterfall in Yichang, Hubei is a great natural landscape in China. It is one of the widest waterfalls and many people think it is the No.1 waterfall in the world.
Hukou Waterfall, located on the Yellow River at the border of Shanxi Province and Shaanxi Province in northern China, is one of the most powerful waterfalls in the country. Known for its amazing yellow-hued water and thunderous sound, it is the second largest waterfall in China (after Huangguoshu Waterfall). People can hear the sound from far away.
Lushan Waterfall in Jiangxi is very beautiful. It’s well-known in China and the world because of the poem (诗) by Li Bai: It plunges straight down three thousand feet. As if the Silver River were falling from the Ninth Heaven.
58．How high is Huangguoshu Waterfall
59．Where is Sanxia Waterfall
60．What is Hukou Waterfall known for
61．Why is Lushan Waterfall well-known in China and the world
62．Which waterfall do you like best Why
七、书面表达（本大题共20分）
63．随着人们的生活越来越好，有些人的饮食习惯导致体重过重。于是国家卫健委在2025年3月份就中学生过胖提出了“体重管理”的倡议，要求同学们注重健康的饮食，积极参加运动，养成良好的健康习惯。请你根据以下提示内容和写作要求，以“My ways to keep healthy”为题，写一篇英语短文谈谈你是如何保持健康的。
提示: (1)Eat healthy food every day
(2)Play sports every day
(3)Have enough sleep
注意：1. 文中必须包括提示中的要点。可适当补充。
2. 文中不得出现真实姓名和校名。
3. 80词左右。
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