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（辽宁卷）期末测试卷-- 2025-2026学年 人教版
英语八年级下学期
（本试卷共45小题 满分90分 考试时长90分钟）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 选择题（共50分）
一、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分；满分40分）
第一节 阅读下面的材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A new desert library lies in the southeast of the Tengger Desert (腾格里沙漠), which is the fourth largest desert in China. It is located in Zhongwei, a beautiful city in Ningxia Province. The library is open 24 hours a day. It warmly welcomes all book lovers and visitors with its unique beauty and rich local culture.
Zhongwei has a very long history and it was an important place in ancient China. During these years, local people tried their best to show their city’s culture to the world. The desert library is one of their great works and it becomes an important part of Zhongwei’s desert culture.
As Ningxia’s first desert library, it has three floors and can hold 40,000 books. It opened in June 2022 and soon received lots of visitors. Many people like it because of its special shape. Seen from the sky, the brown building looks like a boat on the beach.
Many visitors fall in love with the special reading experience here. Yang Fang, a primary school teacher, is one of them. She once took her 8-year-old daughter to enjoy reading in the library. On quiet nights, with bright stars above their heads, they can read books quietly and enjoy the sound of desert wind.
The library is named “Lost Treasure Box”. It shows the long history and rich culture of Zhongwei. There are many old stories behind it. For visitors, it is also a good way to learn about local history and culture.
1．Where is the desert library
A．In the northeast of the Tengger Desert.
B．In the southeast of the largest desert.
C．In Zhongwei, Ningxia Province.
D．In the southeast of Zhongwei, Ningxia Province.
2．What does the underlined word “unique” in Paragraph 1 mean
A．common B．special C．simple D．boring
3．How does the writer show people’s love for the library in Paragraph 4
A．By asking questions. B．By giving an example.
C．By listing numbers. D．By showing facts.
4．What is the main idea of the passage
A．To introduce a popular 24-hour desert library and its cultural value.
B．To show the long history of Zhongwei city.
C．To tell people how to read books in the desert.
D．To compare different libraries in China.
B
Li Hua, an eighth-grader feeling broken by schoolwork, had dark shadows under his eyes. One hot afternoon, as he tried to finish maths problems at his desk, the numbers swam before his tired eyes. A failed test paper lay on the floor. Fear filled his heart. He ran to a nearby park and sat on an old bench (长凳).
By a large tree, an old man was throwing small seeds on the ground. Birds flew down like brave soldiers, and some even landed on his open hand. “Young friend,” the old man said kindly, noticing Li Hua’s sad face, “why does sadness hang over you like heavy rain ”
Li Hua shared his worries: there were many tests, sleepless nights, and fear of failing. The old man listened quietly. Picking up a stick, he drew a winding river in the dirt (泥土). “Notice these bends (弯曲处) ” he said softly. “If water pushes straight forward, it will break against rocks — or disappear. But by flowing gently (温柔地), turning around stones, it reaches the ocean.” He told Li Hua how famous thinkers found their best ideas while resting: Beethoven walking in the woods, Newton sitting under a tree. “Bright minds,” he smiled, “need quiet moments to grow.”
The next day, Li Hua woke up 30 minutes earlier than before. Instead of studying, he watched the sunrise paint the sky pink and orange. He drew funny cloud shapes in his notebook. During short breaks, he sat under trees, eyes closed, listening to leaves whisper (发出沙沙声). Slowly, his body felt lighter. Amazingly, difficult maths problems seemed easier, as if his mind was wiped clean.
One month later, Li Hua got an A in the maths test. But his true joy came from words in his notebook, “Today, I learned to move like a river — strong but gentle.”
5．Why did Li Hua go to the park
A．To watch birds. B．To meet the old man.
C．To run away from school stress. D．To enjoy the sunny weather.
6．What does the underlined phrase “wiped clean” in Paragraph 4 mean
A．Much fresher. B．Much heavier. C．Much worse. D．Much funnier.
7．What can we know from Li Hua’s change
A．His change is not good for his grades.
B．Rest can help with learning.
C．It’s better to study hard all the time.
D．Drawing clouds is a waste of time.
8．What does the writer want to tell us according to the text
A．Better late than never.
B．Where there is a will, there is a way.
C．It’s never too old to learn.
D．All work and no play makes Jack a dull (迟钝的) boy.
C
Do you often feel your article boring Sometimes you can use a few “difficult” words. They will add highlights to your article. Now follow Miss Ella to learn some words to describe people.
VersatileMeaning: Be able to do many different things. Example: In the book Journey to the West, the Monkey King is versatile. On the journey, he did many different things. EvilMeaning: Often do something bad and hurt others. Example: In Cinderella, the main character Cinderella had an evil stepmother (继母) and two stupid step sisters. They tried to take Cinderella’s happy life, but they didn’t make it.
NaiveMeaning: Have no life experience, and think that people will always tell the truth. Example: There was a naive boy in the story The King’s New Clothes. He was the only one who said that the king didn’t wear anything. SagaciousMeaning: Smart and good at making decisions at hard times. Example: In Hansel and Gretel, Hansel was sagacious and he found his stepmother tried to kill him and his sister. To save his sister and himself, he thought of many ways and finally went back home safely.
Have you learned them well Now, please try to make your own sentence with these new words.
9．Why do we describe the Monkey King with “versatile”
A．He can do many things. B．He meets many difficulties.
C．He is very clever. D．He is popular with many people.
10．Which word does Hansel help us understand
A．Naive. B．Evil. C．Honest. D．Sagacious.
11．How does Miss Ella teach these words
A．By giving examples. B．By comparing them.
C．By answering questions. D．By making up stories.
12．What will the students do next
A．Spell the words several times. B．Find out the words in an article.
C．Make sentences with the words. D．Read the words after the teacher.
D
On May 25th, 2025, a 17-year-old student named Li Haorong achieved an excellent feat (成就)—he reached the top of Mount Qomolangma! This news spread (传播) quickly and amazed people all over the world.
Li Haorong is from Beijing. Before this great climb, he had already climbed many high mountains. He trained hard for a long time to get ready for this challenge. The journey to the top of Qomolangma was not easy. He faced strong winds, low temperatures, and thin air. Sometimes, the weather changed suddenly, making the climb even more dangerous.
On that special day, Li Haorong started his final climb in the early morning. He wore special clothes and carried necessary tools. With each step, he got closer to his goal. When he finally stood on the highest point of the world, he felt a great sense of achievement. He took pictures to remember this amazing moment.
Li Haorong’s success shows his strong will and love for adventure. His story encourages young people like us to follow our dreams bravely. No matter how difficult they may seem, we should always keep trying.
13．Why was Li Haorong’s Qomolangma climb surprising
A．Because he used special equipment.
B．Because of his young age and amazing achievement.
C．Because he climbed to the top using a new way.
D．Because he climbed alone and didn’t use any tools.
14．What difficulties did Li Haorong face during the climb
①Strong winds. ②High temperatures. ③Thin air. ④Sudden weather changes.
A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④
15．What did Li Haorong do when he reached the top
A．He had a rest. B．He called his family.
C．He talked with other climbers. D．He took pictures.
16．What can we learn from Li Haorong’s story
A．Everyone should try mountain climbing.
B．Success only belongs to lucky people.
C．We should keep trying and never give up to achieve our dreams.
D．Mountain climbing is too dangerous for teenagers.
第二节 阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。
As a middle school student, you usually study at school for five days a week. 17 How will you spend your spare time at weekends Here are some suggestions.
18
Maybe you want to play video games, which is bad for your body. Therefore, you should relax properly. It is a good idea to develop your hobbies, such as climbing mountains.
Learn to be helpful.
During the weekends, you don’t have much pressure. 19 It is a good time for you to help those in need. For example, you can visit the old people’s home. Doing voluntary work can make you feel warm and positive.
Keep a positive (积极的) mind.
You will have different kinds of problems not only in your study but also in your life. 20 Weekends are the best time to improve yourself. Please remember that all efforts will pay off.
A．Try to relax properly.
B．Build up a healthy body.
C．You should face them positively.
D．Why not join in volunteer work
E．At weekends, you still get some free time.
二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
In China, safety education is becoming more and more 21 now. The last Monday in March is for students to learn it at school. It helps students learn more about 22 they should do to keep themselves safe. What are the 23 at school Take a look. Stampedes, earthquakes and fires are the main accidents at school. A stampede always happens in 24 places. When students around you begin to push, just stand there and try to hold onto something. If you 25 in the crowd, move to one side and protect your head with your hands.
When earthquakes happen, you can hide 26 a desk quickly and hold on. It’ll protect you from falling things. If you are outdoors, find a place away from buildings, trees and power lines.
When there’s a 27 , leave the classroom quickly. It’s better to put 28 over your mouth and nose. In this way, you won’t breathe in smoke. Many people die in a fire, not because of the fire but smoke. It makes them 29 and they can’t breathe. That’s very dangerous! And when you want to get out, you should make yourself close to the floor. Then you can 30 some fresh air.
21．A．important B．difficult C．different D．easy
22．A．how B．why C．what D．that
23．A．things B．accidents C．students D．situations
24．A．busy B．crowded C．dirty D．safe
25．A．get lost B．become mad C．fall behind D．fall down
26．A．on B．behind C．under D．near
27．A．smoke B．fire C．flood D．drought
28．A．nothing wet B．anything dry C．something wet D．something dry
29．A．cry B．cough C．shout D．run
30．A．clean B．hit C．lose D．breathe
第二部分 非选择题（共40分）
三、语篇填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A recent report shows that a lot of teenagers are overweight. What are the experts’ 31 (suggest) Move more. The problem is many teenage students are so busy that they don’t have much free time.
There’s 32 piece of good news. You don’t need to spend hours at the gym. Exercise snacks can help. Exercise snacks are short bursts (爆发) of quick activity. You don’t need 33 (instructor) or strict plans. Simple moves like 34 (throw) a beanbag, jumping rope, or doing high knees during class breaks can work. Each activity takes less 35 five minutes, but it helps you take care of 36 (you) easily without changing your daily routine.
Why do exercise snacks work Science shows they can improve energy, help control blood sugar (控制血糖), and reduce health risks (风险) from sitting too long. More 37 (important), they’re perfect for busy people 38 they don’t need much time.
If you feel too busy to exercise, remember that exercise snacks can still help you get 39 (health). Tonight is the perfect time 40 (start), so go for it and enjoy your workout!
四、阅读与表达（共4小题，41～43小题，每小题2分，44小题4分；满分10分）
Have you ever wondered why you might look or act a bit like your parents You may have heard the saying “Like father, like son”. This isn’t just because we grow up around our parents and learn from them. A big part is that we carry genes (基因) from them.
Our bodies have around 30,000 genes. These genes are like a set of instructions that make us who we are. We get half of our genes from our mum and half from our dad. They decide things like the color of our hair and eyes, and even how tall we’ll grow.
Genes also play a role in how smart we are. Women have two sets of certain genes related to intelligence, while men have one. This means kids are more likely to get their intelligence from their moms. But remember, being smart isn’t all about genes. What we learn in school, from books, and through experiences is also very important.
Sometimes, genes do not show up in our parents but can show up in us. Take eyelids for example. If both of your parents have double eyelids, but you have single eyelids, it’s because they both carry the single-eyelid genes. When they pass their genes on to you, those single-eyelid genes become active.
In conclusion, genes from our parents are super important. They decide how we look and influence how smart we are. Learning about genes helps us understand why we are similar to our parents in some ways and different in others.
41．Where do we get genes
42．Who is a child more likely to get his intelligence from
43．Why might kids have single eyelids if both parents have double eyelids
44．Please list two similarities and two differences between you and your parents. (at least 30 words)
五、书面表达（满分20分）
45．假如你是李华，你的英国朋友（Luca）来信询问你是如何度过闲暇时间的，请你根据下面的思维导图，给他回复一封电子邮件，介绍你的做法和感受。
要求：1．表达清楚，语法正确；
2．必须包含所有信息，并适当发挥；
3．文中不得出现真实姓名及校名；
4．词数不少于80词，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Luca,
I’m happy to receive your email
._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页（辽宁卷）期末测试卷-- 2025-2026学年 人教版
英语八年级下学期 解析卷
（本试卷共45小题 满分90分 考试时长90分钟）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 选择题（共50分）
一、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分；满分40分）
第一节 阅读下面的材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A new desert library lies in the southeast of the Tengger Desert (腾格里沙漠), which is the fourth largest desert in China. It is located in Zhongwei, a beautiful city in Ningxia Province. The library is open 24 hours a day. It warmly welcomes all book lovers and visitors with its unique beauty and rich local culture.
Zhongwei has a very long history and it was an important place in ancient China. During these years, local people tried their best to show their city’s culture to the world. The desert library is one of their great works and it becomes an important part of Zhongwei’s desert culture.
As Ningxia’s first desert library, it has three floors and can hold 40,000 books. It opened in June 2022 and soon received lots of visitors. Many people like it because of its special shape. Seen from the sky, the brown building looks like a boat on the beach.
Many visitors fall in love with the special reading experience here. Yang Fang, a primary school teacher, is one of them. She once took her 8-year-old daughter to enjoy reading in the library. On quiet nights, with bright stars above their heads, they can read books quietly and enjoy the sound of desert wind.
The library is named “Lost Treasure Box”. It shows the long history and rich culture of Zhongwei. There are many old stories behind it. For visitors, it is also a good way to learn about local history and culture.
1．Where is the desert library
A．In the northeast of the Tengger Desert.
B．In the southeast of the largest desert.
C．In Zhongwei, Ningxia Province.
D．In the southeast of Zhongwei, Ningxia Province.
2．What does the underlined word “unique” in Paragraph 1 mean
A．common B．special C．simple D．boring
3．How does the writer show people’s love for the library in Paragraph 4
A．By asking questions. B．By giving an example.
C．By listing numbers. D．By showing facts.
4．What is the main idea of the passage
A．To introduce a popular 24-hour desert library and its cultural value.
B．To show the long history of Zhongwei city.
C．To tell people how to read books in the desert.
D．To compare different libraries in China.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍宁夏中卫一座沙漠图书馆的地理位置、外形、开放特色与文化价值。
【详解】1．根据第一段中“It is located in Zhongwei, a beautiful city in Ningxia Province.”可知，图书馆位于宁夏中卫。选项A方向错误（文中是southeast而非northeast）；选项B描述错误（文中是fourth largest而非largest）；选项D地点修饰错误（文中是腾格里沙漠的东南，而非中卫市的东南）。
2．根据第一段划线词所在句“...with its unique beauty and rich local culture.”以及后文提到的“special shape”和“special reading experience”可知，这座图书馆的美是独特的、特别的，对应special。common“普通的”、simple“简单的”、boring“无聊的”均不符合语境。
3．根据第四段中“Yang Fang, a primary school teacher, is one of them. She once took her 8-year-old daughter...”可知，作者通过列举小学老师杨芳带女儿来图书馆阅读的具体事例，来说明游客们对图书馆的喜爱。这是举例说明的方法。
4．通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了宁夏中卫沙漠图书馆的位置、特色（24小时开放、独特造型）、游客体验以及其背后的文化价值（“丢失的宝盒”、当地历史）。选项A涵盖了图书馆介绍及其文化价值，最符合主旨；选项B仅涉及背景信息；选项C过于片面；选项D文中未提及比较。
B
Li Hua, an eighth-grader feeling broken by schoolwork, had dark shadows under his eyes. One hot afternoon, as he tried to finish maths problems at his desk, the numbers swam before his tired eyes. A failed test paper lay on the floor. Fear filled his heart. He ran to a nearby park and sat on an old bench (长凳).
By a large tree, an old man was throwing small seeds on the ground. Birds flew down like brave soldiers, and some even landed on his open hand. “Young friend,” the old man said kindly, noticing Li Hua’s sad face, “why does sadness hang over you like heavy rain ”
Li Hua shared his worries: there were many tests, sleepless nights, and fear of failing. The old man listened quietly. Picking up a stick, he drew a winding river in the dirt (泥土). “Notice these bends (弯曲处) ” he said softly. “If water pushes straight forward, it will break against rocks — or disappear. But by flowing gently (温柔地), turning around stones, it reaches the ocean.” He told Li Hua how famous thinkers found their best ideas while resting: Beethoven walking in the woods, Newton sitting under a tree. “Bright minds,” he smiled, “need quiet moments to grow.”
The next day, Li Hua woke up 30 minutes earlier than before. Instead of studying, he watched the sunrise paint the sky pink and orange. He drew funny cloud shapes in his notebook. During short breaks, he sat under trees, eyes closed, listening to leaves whisper (发出沙沙声). Slowly, his body felt lighter. Amazingly, difficult maths problems seemed easier, as if his mind was wiped clean.
One month later, Li Hua got an A in the maths test. But his true joy came from words in his notebook, “Today, I learned to move like a river — strong but gentle.”
5．Why did Li Hua go to the park
A．To watch birds. B．To meet the old man.
C．To run away from school stress. D．To enjoy the sunny weather.
6．What does the underlined phrase “wiped clean” in Paragraph 4 mean
A．Much fresher. B．Much heavier. C．Much worse. D．Much funnier.
7．What can we know from Li Hua’s change
A．His change is not good for his grades.
B．Rest can help with learning.
C．It’s better to study hard all the time.
D．Drawing clouds is a waste of time.
8．What does the writer want to tell us according to the text
A．Better late than never.
B．Where there is a will, there is a way.
C．It’s never too old to learn.
D．All work and no play makes Jack a dull (迟钝的) boy.
【答案】5．C 6．A 7．B 8．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了八年级学生Li Hua因学业压力感到焦虑，在公园遇到一位老人，老人通过画河流并讲述名人故事的方式帮助他缓解压力，最终Li Hua在数学考试中取得好成绩并领悟到休息对学习的重要性。
【详解】5．第一段提到“Li Hua, an eighth-grader feeling broken by schoolwork…He ran to a nearby park”，说明Li Hua被学业压垮，考试失利后满心恐惧，才跑到公园，因此他是为了逃离学业压力。
6．第四段提到“Slowly, his body felt lighter. Amazingly, difficult maths problems seemed easier”，说明Li Hua适当休息后身体变轻松，难题也变简单了，可知这里指大脑思维变得更清晰、清爽，因此wiped clean意为much fresher。
7．根据第四段和第五段，Li Hua通过休息（看日出、树下静坐）使身体变轻松，思维变清晰，最终数学考试得了A，这说明适当的休息有助于学习。
8．文章通过Li Hua的故事告诉我们，只学习不休息会让人状态变差，劳逸结合才能更高效，D选项谚语“只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻”符合文章主旨。
C
Do you often feel your article boring Sometimes you can use a few “difficult” words. They will add highlights to your article. Now follow Miss Ella to learn some words to describe people.
VersatileMeaning: Be able to do many different things. Example: In the book Journey to the West, the Monkey King is versatile. On the journey, he did many different things. EvilMeaning: Often do something bad and hurt others. Example: In Cinderella, the main character Cinderella had an evil stepmother (继母) and two stupid step sisters. They tried to take Cinderella’s happy life, but they didn’t make it.
NaiveMeaning: Have no life experience, and think that people will always tell the truth. Example: There was a naive boy in the story The King’s New Clothes. He was the only one who said that the king didn’t wear anything. SagaciousMeaning: Smart and good at making decisions at hard times. Example: In Hansel and Gretel, Hansel was sagacious and he found his stepmother tried to kill him and his sister. To save his sister and himself, he thought of many ways and finally went back home safely.
Have you learned them well Now, please try to make your own sentence with these new words.
9．Why do we describe the Monkey King with “versatile”
A．He can do many things. B．He meets many difficulties.
C．He is very clever. D．He is popular with many people.
10．Which word does Hansel help us understand
A．Naive. B．Evil. C．Honest. D．Sagacious.
11．How does Miss Ella teach these words
A．By giving examples. B．By comparing them.
C．By answering questions. D．By making up stories.
12．What will the students do next
A．Spell the words several times. B．Find out the words in an article.
C．Make sentences with the words. D．Read the words after the teacher.
【答案】9．A 10．D 11．A 12．C
【导语】本文是一篇英语学习材料，通过表格形式介绍了四个描述人物性格的英语单词，并结合经典故事中的角色进行举例说明，最后引导学生运用这些新词造句。
【详解】9．根据表格中“Versatile”一栏的解释：“Meaning: Be able to do many different things.”，因此选项A “He can do many things.”符合该词的定义。
10．在表格中找到关于Hansel的描述，位于“Sagacious”一栏的例子中：“In Hansel and Gretel, Hansel was sagacious...” ，因此Hansel这个例子是用来解释单词Sagacious的。
11．观察表格内容，每个单词下面都有“Meaning”和“Example”，例如用《西游记》解释Versatile，用《灰姑娘》解释Evil等。这说明她是主要通过举例子的方式来教学的。
12．根据文章最后一句：“Now, please try to make your own sentence with these new words”，可知接下来的任务是造句。
D
On May 25th, 2025, a 17-year-old student named Li Haorong achieved an excellent feat (成就)—he reached the top of Mount Qomolangma! This news spread (传播) quickly and amazed people all over the world.
Li Haorong is from Beijing. Before this great climb, he had already climbed many high mountains. He trained hard for a long time to get ready for this challenge. The journey to the top of Qomolangma was not easy. He faced strong winds, low temperatures, and thin air. Sometimes, the weather changed suddenly, making the climb even more dangerous.
On that special day, Li Haorong started his final climb in the early morning. He wore special clothes and carried necessary tools. With each step, he got closer to his goal. When he finally stood on the highest point of the world, he felt a great sense of achievement. He took pictures to remember this amazing moment.
Li Haorong’s success shows his strong will and love for adventure. His story encourages young people like us to follow our dreams bravely. No matter how difficult they may seem, we should always keep trying.
13．Why was Li Haorong’s Qomolangma climb surprising
A．Because he used special equipment.
B．Because of his young age and amazing achievement.
C．Because he climbed to the top using a new way.
D．Because he climbed alone and didn’t use any tools.
14．What difficulties did Li Haorong face during the climb
①Strong winds. ②High temperatures. ③Thin air. ④Sudden weather changes.
A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④
15．What did Li Haorong do when he reached the top
A．He had a rest. B．He called his family.
C．He talked with other climbers. D．He took pictures.
16．What can we learn from Li Haorong’s story
A．Everyone should try mountain climbing.
B．Success only belongs to lucky people.
C．We should keep trying and never give up to achieve our dreams.
D．Mountain climbing is too dangerous for teenagers.
【答案】13．B 14．C 15．D 16．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了17岁学生李浩榕于2025年5月25日成功登顶珠穆朗玛峰的事迹，包括他面临的困难、登顶时刻以及他的精神对年轻人的鼓舞。
【详解】13．由第一段“a 17-year-old student named Li Haorong achieved an excellent feat—he reached the top of Mount Qomolangma! This news spread quickly and amazed people all over the world”可知，李浩榕只有17岁却成功登顶珠穆朗玛峰，这一消息迅速传播并震惊了全世界。
14．由第二段“He faced strong winds, low temperatures, and thin air... the weather changed suddenly”可知，他面临的困难包括：强风（①）、低温（而非高温，②错误）、空气稀薄（③）、天气突变（④）。
15．由第三段“He took pictures to remember this amazing moment”可知，到达顶峰后他拍了照片。
16．由最后一段“His story encourages young people like us to follow our dreams bravely... we should always keep trying”可知，李浩榕的故事鼓励年轻人勇敢追梦，无论多困难都应坚持尝试。
第二节 阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。
As a middle school student, you usually study at school for five days a week. 17 How will you spend your spare time at weekends Here are some suggestions.
18
Maybe you want to play video games, which is bad for your body. Therefore, you should relax properly. It is a good idea to develop your hobbies, such as climbing mountains.
Learn to be helpful.
During the weekends, you don’t have much pressure. 19 It is a good time for you to help those in need. For example, you can visit the old people’s home. Doing voluntary work can make you feel warm and positive.
Keep a positive (积极的) mind.
You will have different kinds of problems not only in your study but also in your life. 20 Weekends are the best time to improve yourself. Please remember that all efforts will pay off.
A．Try to relax properly.
B．Build up a healthy body.
C．You should face them positively.
D．Why not join in volunteer work
E．At weekends, you still get some free time.
【答案】17．E 18．A 19．D 20．C
【导语】本文主要介绍中学生平日在校学习五天，围绕如何度过周末空闲时间，从放松休闲、参与志愿、端正心态三个角度给出生活建议。
【详解】17．前文“you usually study at school for five days a week.”，后文抛出问句 “How will you spend your spare time at weekends ”，E项“At weekends,you still get some free time.”承接平日在校学习的内容，自然过渡引出下文关于周末空余时间安排的问题。
18．本段后文出现原文“Therefore,you should relax properly.”，整段围绕合理放松、培养爱好展开说明，A项“Try to relax properly.”作为本段小标题，统领本段全部内容。
19．前文写到“During the weekends,you don’t have much pressure.”，后文举例“you can visit the old people’s home.”并提及“voluntary work”，D项“Why not join in volunteer work ”衔接前文周末压力小的语境，顺势引出下文志愿服务的相关内容。
20．前文“You will have different kinds of problems not only in your study but also in your life.”，C项“You should face them positively.”里的代词them指代上文出现的problems，贴合本段小标题“Keep a positive mind.”的主旨。
二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
In China, safety education is becoming more and more 21 now. The last Monday in March is for students to learn it at school. It helps students learn more about 22 they should do to keep themselves safe. What are the 23 at school Take a look. Stampedes, earthquakes and fires are the main accidents at school. A stampede always happens in 24 places. When students around you begin to push, just stand there and try to hold onto something. If you 25 in the crowd, move to one side and protect your head with your hands.
When earthquakes happen, you can hide 26 a desk quickly and hold on. It’ll protect you from falling things. If you are outdoors, find a place away from buildings, trees and power lines.
When there’s a 27 , leave the classroom quickly. It’s better to put 28 over your mouth and nose. In this way, you won’t breathe in smoke. Many people die in a fire, not because of the fire but smoke. It makes them 29 and they can’t breathe. That’s very dangerous! And when you want to get out, you should make yourself close to the floor. Then you can 30 some fresh air.
21．A．important B．difficult C．different D．easy
22．A．how B．why C．what D．that
23．A．things B．accidents C．students D．situations
24．A．busy B．crowded C．dirty D．safe
25．A．get lost B．become mad C．fall behind D．fall down
26．A．on B．behind C．under D．near
27．A．smoke B．fire C．flood D．drought
28．A．nothing wet B．anything dry C．something wet D．something dry
29．A．cry B．cough C．shout D．run
30．A．clean B．hit C．lose D．breathe
【答案】
21．A 22．C 23．B 24．B 25．D 26．C 27．B 28．C 29．B 30．D
【导语】本文主要介绍中国学校安全教育，列举踩踏、地震和火灾三种主要事故，并提供相应的自我保护措施和建议。
【详解】21．句意：在中国，安全教育现在变得越来越重要。
根据“becoming more and more”及常识，可知安全教育受重视。根据语境，强调安全性提升的重要性。difficult困难的；different不同的；easy容易的。其他选项不符合教育发展趋势。
22．句意：它帮助学生更多地了解他们应该做什么来保持安全。
根据“they should do”缺宾语，可知用what引导。根据语境，what作do的宾语符合语法。how如何；why为什么；that那。其他选项无法充当do的宾语。
23．句意：学校的事故有哪些？
根据下文“Stampedes... are the main accidents”，可知此处指事故。根据语境，原词复现逻辑通顺。things事情；students 学生；situations情况。其他选项与下文列举内容不符。
24．句意：踩踏事件总是发生在拥挤的地方。
根据“stampede”，可知发生在人多处。根据语境，crowded形容人多符合逻辑。busy忙碌的；dirty脏的；safe安全的。其他选项不能准确描述踩踏发生环境。
25．句意：如果你在人群中摔倒，移到一边并保护头部。
根据“protect your head”，可知防止受伤。根据语境，摔倒后需保护头部合理。get lost迷路；become mad发疯；fall behind落后。其他选项与保护头部动作无直接关联。
26．句意：地震发生时，你可以迅速躲在桌子底下。
根据“hide... a desk”及常识，可知躲在桌下防砸。根据语境，under符合避险常识。on在……上；behind在……后；near在……附近。其他位置无法有效阻挡坠落物。
27．句意：当发生火灾时，迅速离开教室。
根据本段“smoke”, “fire”，可知讲火灾。根据语境，fire统领本段内容。smoke烟；flood洪水；drought干旱。其他选项与本段逃生措施不符。
28．句意：最好用湿东西捂住口鼻。
根据“won’t breathe in smoke”，可知湿物过滤烟雾。根据语境，something wet符合科学常识。nothing wet没湿东西；anything dry任何干东西；something dry某些干东西。其他选项过滤效果差或逻辑不通。
29．句意：烟雾使他们咳嗽且无法呼吸。
根据“can’t breathe”，可知烟雾刺激呼吸道。根据语境，cough是吸入烟雾的典型反应。cry哭；shout喊；run跑。其他选项不是烟雾导致的直接生理反应。
30．句意：这样你可以呼吸到一些新鲜空气。
根据“fresh air”，可知目的是呼吸。根据语境，breathe与air搭配合理。clean清洁；hit击打；lose失去。其他选项与air搭配不当或逻辑不通。
第二部分 非选择题（共40分）
三、语篇填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A recent report shows that a lot of teenagers are overweight. What are the experts’ 31 (suggest) Move more. The problem is many teenage students are so busy that they don’t have much free time.
There’s 32 piece of good news. You don’t need to spend hours at the gym. Exercise snacks can help. Exercise snacks are short bursts (爆发) of quick activity. You don’t need 33 (instructor) or strict plans. Simple moves like 34 (throw) a beanbag, jumping rope, or doing high knees during class breaks can work. Each activity takes less 35 five minutes, but it helps you take care of 36 (you) easily without changing your daily routine.
Why do exercise snacks work Science shows they can improve energy, help control blood sugar (控制血糖), and reduce health risks (风险) from sitting too long. More 37 (important), they’re perfect for busy people 38 they don’t need much time.
If you feel too busy to exercise, remember that exercise snacks can still help you get 39 (health). Tonight is the perfect time 40 (start), so go for it and enjoy your workout!
【答案】
31．suggestions 32．a 33．instructors 34．throwing 35．than 36．yourself 37．importantly 38．because 39．healthy 40．to start
【导语】本文介绍“运动零食”的概念，说明短时间高强度活动对青少年健康的益处。
【详解】31．句意：专家的建议是什么？专家给出的建议不止一条，结合“are”和“experts”，需用可数名词的复数形式，suggest的名词复数形式是suggestions。
32．句意：有一个好消息。空格后“piece of good news”为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一个”，需用不定冠词a修饰。
33．句意：你不需要教练或严格的计划。空格处与“strict plans”并列作宾语，表示“教练”，instruct的指人名词形式是instructor，此处表示泛指，需用复数形式instructors。
34．句意：简单的动作，如扔沙包、跳绳或课间做高抬腿。介词“like”后需接动名词作宾语，throw的动名词形式是throwing。
35．句意：每项活动花费不到五分钟，但它能帮助你轻松地照顾自己而不改变日常生活。“less”说明是比较级，less than是介词短语，意为“少于”，表示比较关系，需填than。
36．句意：每项活动花费不到五分钟，但它能帮助你轻松地照顾自己而不改变日常生活。动词短语“take care of”后需接宾语，指代主语“you”本人，需用反身代词yourself。
37．句意：更重要的是，它们非常适合忙碌的人，因为它们不需要太多时间。“more importantly”是插入语，意为“更重要的是”，需用副词importantly。
38．句意：更重要的是，它们非常适合忙碌的人，因为它们不需要太多时间。空格后是完整句子，解释“适合忙碌的人”的原因，需用从属连词because引导原因状语从句。
39．句意：……记住，运动零食仍然可以帮助你变得更健康。动词“get”后需接形容词作表语，表示“变得健康”，health的形容词形式是healthy。
40．句意：今晚是开始的绝佳时机……。“the time to do sth.”是名词短语，意为“做某事的时间”，后接动词不定式作定语，故用to start。
四、阅读与表达（共4小题，41～43小题，每小题2分，44小题4分；满分10分）
Have you ever wondered why you might look or act a bit like your parents You may have heard the saying “Like father, like son”. This isn’t just because we grow up around our parents and learn from them. A big part is that we carry genes (基因) from them.
Our bodies have around 30,000 genes. These genes are like a set of instructions that make us who we are. We get half of our genes from our mum and half from our dad. They decide things like the color of our hair and eyes, and even how tall we’ll grow.
Genes also play a role in how smart we are. Women have two sets of certain genes related to intelligence, while men have one. This means kids are more likely to get their intelligence from their moms. But remember, being smart isn’t all about genes. What we learn in school, from books, and through experiences is also very important.
Sometimes, genes do not show up in our parents but can show up in us. Take eyelids for example. If both of your parents have double eyelids, but you have single eyelids, it’s because they both carry the single-eyelid genes. When they pass their genes on to you, those single-eyelid genes become active.
In conclusion, genes from our parents are super important. They decide how we look and influence how smart we are. Learning about genes helps us understand why we are similar to our parents in some ways and different in others.
41．Where do we get genes
42．Who is a child more likely to get his intelligence from
43．Why might kids have single eyelids if both parents have double eyelids
44．Please list two similarities and two differences between you and your parents. (at least 30 words)
【答案】41．
From our parents. 42．His mom. 43．Because both parents carry the single-eyelid genes, and these genes become active when passed to the kid. 44．Similarities: I have the same eye color as my mom, and we both love reading. Differences: My dad is tall while I am short; he likes sports but I prefer music.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了基因如何决定我们的外貌、智力等特征，以及我们与父母的相似与不同。
【详解】41．原文指出“We get half of our genes from our mum and half from our dad.”，我们从父母那里获得基因，一半来自母亲，一半来自父亲。
42．原文指出“This means kids are more likely to get their intelligence from their moms.”，孩子的智力更可能来自母亲。
43．原文指出“If both of your parents have double eyelids, but you have single eyelids, it’s because they both carry the single-eyelid genes. When they pass their genes on to you, those single-eyelid genes become active.”，父母都是双眼皮，孩子却可能是单眼皮，是因为父母双方都携带单眼皮基因，这些基因遗传给孩子后被激活了。
44．本题为开放性问题，答案不唯一，需包含至少两个与父母的相似点和两个不同点。
五、书面表达（满分20分）
45．假如你是李华，你的英国朋友（Luca）来信询问你是如何度过闲暇时间的，请你根据下面的思维导图，给他回复一封电子邮件，介绍你的做法和感受。
要求：1．表达清楚，语法正确；
2．必须包含所有信息，并适当发挥；
3．文中不得出现真实姓名及校名；
4．词数不少于80词，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Luca,
I’m happy to receive your email
._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】例文
Dear Luca,
I’m happy to receive your email. I like reading in my free time. My favourite books are about the wonders of nature because I can learn more about nature. They make me realize nature is beautiful but cruel. The whole nature is a complete life system. Reading these books also can open up a whole new world to me. They changed my way of dealing with problems.
Through reading, my personal character also changes. I am becoming more outgoing and more active. I can face life’s challenges calmly.
How do you spend your free time
Yours,
Li Hua
【详解】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：应用文（邮件）
明确要点：介绍自己的休闲方式；说明喜欢读自然书籍的两个原因；讲述阅读带来的个人改变与感受；结尾提问对方的空闲生活
确定人称：第一人称（I）
注意事项：词数80左右；包含所有要点；可适当增加细节；不得照抄原文；不得出现真实人名和校名；开头已给出，不计入总词数
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构：
开头段：承接已给开头，引出自己的休闲方式
主体段：介绍读书爱好，并说明喜欢读自然书籍的两个原因
结尾段：介绍阅读带来的成长变化，提问对方、收尾
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：开头引入（承接已给开头）
话题引入：I’m happy to receive your email. I usually relax myself by reading in my free time./I’m glad to reply to your email. Reading books about nature is my favorite way to relax.
要点二：介绍休闲爱好
爱好说明：I love reading books about the wonders of nature best./My favorite books are mainly about amazing natural scenery and wildlife.
要点三：喜欢读书的原因一（了解自然）
原因表达：Reading helps me learn more about nature. It tells me nature is beautiful but cruel and it is a complete life system./I can get lots of natural knowledge from books and understand the rules of nature better.
要点四：喜欢读书的原因二（开拓眼界）
原因表达：These books open up a whole new world to me and change my ways of dealing with problems./They broaden my horizons and teach me how to face problems in different ways.
要点五：阅读带来的个人感受与变化
感受表达：Reading makes me more outgoing and active. I can face life’s challenges calmly now./It changes my personality greatly and helps me become a better person in daily life.
要点六：结尾互动提问
提问表达：How do you spend your free time /What do you usually do to relax in your spare time
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