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/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级下册英语期末能力提升培优卷译林版（新教材）
注意事项 考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求 1.本试卷共8页，包含选择题（第1题~第45题，共45题）、非选择题（第46题~第76题，共31题）两部分。本卷满分120分，考试时间为100分钟。考试结束后，请将本试卷一并交回。 2.答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷的规定位置，在试卷第一面的右下角填写好座位号。
一、单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，计15分）
在下列各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。
1．The hikers made plenty of marks on the way ________ they would get lost in the mountains.
A．so that B．as for C．in case D．even though
2．It’s not good to pour waste water ________ the river. It will pollute it.
A．into B．onto C．out D．over
3．I find this book ________ for a middle school student to read. There are very few new words.
A．easy enough B．enough easily C．easily enough D．enough easy
4．—Is Mr. Wang still in the office
—No, he has been away from his office for about an hour, but he ________ the city yet. He just went to the meeting room.
A．hasn’t left B．hasn’t gone to C．hasn’t been to D．hasn’t been away from
5．The ________ works hard to help poor people around the world.
A．interviewer B．organization C．darkness D．virus
6．The heavy rain can ______ influence our daily life a lot.
A．greatly B．nearly C．quietly D．luckily
7．It is careless ________ him ________ push past others in public.
A．of; to B．for; to C．of; / D．for; /
8．My teacher often tells me that kindness ________ the world warmer.
A．make B．makes C．made D．is making
9．When you ________ leave after a meal, remember to say “thank you” to the host.
A．are sorry to B．are able to C．have to D．are about to
10．—The government has ________ people from cutting down trees in the forest.
—Yes. Those who break the rule will be ________.
A．allowed; punished B．stopped; fined C．prevented; helped D．refused; taught
11．—It’s necessary to follow local customs when we go abroad.
—Yes, as the saying goes “________.”
A．No pain, no gain B．Practice makes perfect
C．When in Rome, do as the Romans do D．Many hands make light work
12．—The trip to the nature park is really fantastic and it’s worth going!
—________ I want to go there again next time.
A．I doubt it. B．You said it! C．Not at all. D．Take it easy.
13．The opening ceremony (仪式) didn’t begin ________ all players arrived and took their seats.
A．unless B．until C．when D．though
14．Our school usually ________ at 4:00 p.m. and then we have lots of after-school activities.
A．is finished B．will be finished C．finished D．finishes
15．The water quality of the Taihu Lake ________ seriously by plastic waste if we do nothing at all.
A．will affect B．will be affected C．recycles D．is recycled
二、完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题1分，计15分）
There are many places of 16 in China. They attract (吸引) lots of visitors from all over the world every year. The 17 one among them is the Great Wall. It has a 18 of over two thousand years. It is about 6,300 kilometers 19 . It is often called “Ten-Thousand-Li Great Wall” and it is one of the “Seven Wonders” of the ancient world. Besides the Great Wall , many rivers , such as the Yangtze River and the Yellow River are very 20 as well.
Among the rivers , the Yangtze River is 21 in China and the 22 largest in the world after the Nile in Africa and the Amazon in South America. As the largest water system in China , the Yangtze River is very 23 to the country. Rivers and lakes are usually the birthplaces of Chinese culture. Have you heard of the 24 love story about Xu Xian and White Snake It is said that the story 25 on the West Lake a long time ago. The West Lake is the most fantastic place that I have ever 26 . It 27 in the southwest of Hangzhou. Many tourist attractions in Hangzhou are worth (值得的) 28 , such as Sudi Causeway (苏堤春晓), the Broken Bridge and Leifeng Pagoda (雷峰塔). The scenery is so attractive (有吸引力的) 29 visitors often lose themselves in it.
Now more and more foreign visitors 30 to travel in China for its beautiful scenery. Why not have a trip with your family in the coming winter holiday
16．A．interesting B．interest C．interested D．interests
17．A．famous B．more famous C．the most famous D．popular
18．A．city B．population C．capital D．history
19．A．wide B．tall C．long D．big
20．A．popular B．strange C．dirty D．funny
21．A．longer B．short C．the longest D．the shortest
22．A．first B．second C．third D．fourth
23．A．exciting B．interesting C．important D．beautiful
24．A．ancient B．terrible C．boring D．modern
25．A．caused B．reminded C．continued D．happened
26．A．visit B．visiting C．visited D．visits
27．A．lies B．walks C．swims D．runs
28．A．reading B．looking C．watching D．visiting
29．A．what B．where C．that D．when
30．A．choose B．compete C．continue D．volunteer
三、阅读理解（共15 小题；每小题2分，计30分）
阅读下列内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A
The Pacific Ocean (太平洋) is the largest of the world’s four oceans. The Coral Sea, located in the southwestern part of the Pacific Ocean, is home to one of nature’s greatest wonders, the Great Barrier Reef. The Great Barrier Reef is more than 2,300 kilometres long. It can even be seen from space! Every year, the beautiful Great Barrier Reef attracts many divers and tourists. But sadly, the reef is now in great danger.
The Great Barrier Reef is an important part of our planet. It is the world’s largest coral reef system, which is made up of almost 3,000 different coral reefs. The reef is home to 400 kinds of coral animals and over 2,000 kinds of fish. Much of the life in the ocean calls the reef home.
However, global (全球的) warming is causing a worse condition in the Great Barrier Reef. Rising ocean temperatures cause corals to run out of the algae (海藻). The algae not only live in it, but also are the main food for the coral. Without them, the corals are still alive but are slowly dying.
As even humans depend on coral reef systems for food, the death of the world’s largest coral reef system would be bad for the planet. There is so much we can do to help stop global warming and protect nature’s wonders like coral reefs.
31．How did the writer describe the coral reef system
A．By asking questions. B．By giving numbers.
C．By giving reasons. D．By giving examples.
32．What is happening to the coral reef system Please choose the right order.
① Coral runs out of the algae. ② Coral has no food.
③ Coral becomes dead. ④ Ocean temperatures rise.
A．①②③④ B．④①②③ C．④①③② D．②③①④
33．What do coral reef systems offer to humans
A．Food. B．Medicine. C．Algae. D．Water.
34．What can we know from the text
A．Global warming makes the algae grow more than before.
B．There are 400 kinds of fish living in the Great Barrier Reef.
C．The Great Barrier Reef is located in the northern part of the Pacific Ocean.
D．The death of the Great Barrier Reef would have a bad influence on the planet.
35．What is the purpose of writing the text
A．To call for more action to protect coral reefs.
B．To introduce the living conditions of corals.
C．To ask people not to fish near the sea.
D．To explain how global warming affects the world.
B
Charity is the act of giving help to those in need. It can be in the form of money, food, clothes or time. There are many charities around the world that work to help different groups of people.
One of the most famous charities is the Red Cross. It was founded in 1863 and works in almost every country. The Red Cross helps people in many ways, such as providing medical care, disaster relief and blood donations.
Another well-known charity is UNICEF (United Nations Children’s Fund). It was set up in 1946 to help children in need. UNICEF works to improve children’s health, education and living conditions. It provides clean water, food, medicine and school supplies to children in poor countries.
In China, there are also many charities, like the China Charity Federation and the Project Hope. Project Hope was started in 1989 to help children in poor areas go to school. It has built thousands of schools and helped millions of students.
Everyone can take part in charity activities. We can donate money, give away old clothes or books, or spend time volunteering. Even a small act of kindness can make a big difference to someone’s life.
36．When was the Red Cross founded
A．In 1863. B．In 1946. C．In 1989. D．In 1963.
37．Who does UNICEF mainly help
A．Old people. B．Homeless people. C．Children in need. D．Disabled people.
38．Which charity in China helps children in poor areas go to school
A．The Red Cross. B．UNICEF. C．The China Charity Federation. D．Project Hope.
39．What does the underlined word “donate” mean in Chinese
A．购买 B．捐赠 C．出售 D．交换
40．Which of the following is TRUE
A．The Red Cross only works in a few countries.
B．UNICEF was founded to help adults.
C．Project Hope has built many schools in China.
D．Only rich people can take part in charity activities.
C
When Li Mei finished her five-year study at medical college five years ago, most of her classmates hunted for well-paid jobs in large city hospitals with modern medical equipment and convenient living conditions. However, Li made an unexpected decision to work as a volunteer doctor in a remote mountain village hundreds of kilometres away from the city.
Tucked away among rolling green hills, the village has inconvenient transport and extremely limited medical supplies. Years ago, whenever villagers got sick, they had to spend more than three hours walking along rough mountain roads to reach the nearest town hospital. Without timely medical care, many slight illnesses gradually developed into serious diseases, and some poor families couldn’t even afford the cost of treatment at all.
During her early days in the village, Li was faced with all kinds of challenges. Medical drugs and tools were always in short supply, and some elderly villagers doubted her professional ability because of her young age, so they refused to accept her medicine. Instead of giving up, Li kept trying her best to win their trust. In her spare time, she walked from house to house, handing out leaflets from local charities to spread useful daily health knowledge. Besides, she set aside part of her monthly salary to help poor patients who had no money for medicine.
Thanks to her lasting efforts and support from a local charity, great changes have taken place in the village’s medical conditions. A small standard clinic was built in the centre of the village, where most common illnesses can be examined and treated on site. Every year, the charity arranges experienced doctors to come and offer professional training courses for Li. Li always says she will keep working here as long as the villagers are in need of medical help. She firmly holds the belief that continuous small kindnesses and efforts are able to improve the lives of people living in poor areas.
41．Why did Li Mei’s classmates feel surprised at her choice
A．She refused high-paid city jobs to work in a poor village.
B．She gave up her study to do volunteer work.
C．She planned to open a hospital by herself.
D．She wanted to learn medicine again in the countryside.
42．What troubled villagers most about medical care in the past
A．They couldn’t buy enough healthy food.
B．It took a long time to get medical help outside the village.
C．All illnesses in the village were impossible to cure.
D．No doctors were willing to work in nearby towns.
43．Some old villagers didn’t trust Li at first because ________.
A．they worried about her medical ability because of her young age
B．she didn’t receive regular medical education
C．her medicine was too expensive for poor families
D．she secretly asked for high treatment fees
44．Which of the following is TRUE about the present clinic
A．It was built with Li’s own savings. B．Common illnesses can be treated locally here.
C．Rich charity workers work in the clinic every day. D．It provides free food for all local villagers.
45．What can we learn from Li Mei’s story
A．Volunteer work can bring people much money. B．Persistence and kindness can change people’s lives.
C．Only college students can help poor villages. D．Working in big cities is always more meaningful.
四、词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，计10分）
根据句子意思，用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。
46．Their courage ________ (achieve) the goals has influenced many people all over the world so far.
47．We helped organize a small but meaningful ________ (compete) for kids in our community.
48．We have a weekly ________ (discuss) about how to use learning apps.
49．Those who litter in Wuxi’ s parks will also be ________ (punish) according to the local rules.
50．By ________ (separate) kitchen waste, we can make good compost for gardens and parks.
51．The government aims to improve public ________ (服务), especially education.
52．Li Ming was ________ (缺席) from the last volunteer activity because his grandma was ill.
53．Do you find it selfish (自私的) to ________ (欺骗) others to get a seat
54．Soft music can help you relax and is widely used in the ________ (医疗的) field.
55．Natural resources are not endless. We must use them ________ (明智地) before they run out.
五、阅读表达（共5 小题；每小题2分，计10分）
阅读短文，根据短文内容简要回答问题，每小题答案不超过10个单词。
Worldwide homeless children have long been a serious social problem. Some children run away from home after family accidents, while others are forced to wander outside because of extreme poverty. Without enough food and safe houses, they struggle to make a living on noisy city streets every day. A UK-based charity named Kids Home was founded in 1999 specially to give warm and practical support to these poor youngsters.
The charity has a special fundraising rule. It never accepts large money donations from big companies or wealthy businessmen. Instead, its daily running cost mainly comes from second-hand clothes, used books and small pocket money donated by ordinary middle school students across the country.
To solve homeless kids’ basic living troubles, Kids Home opens several warm temporary shelters in poor downtown areas. In these shelters, homeless children can get free healthy meals and tidy sleeping rooms every single day. Besides daily necessities, college volunteers come here on weekdays to provide free after-school classes for them, helping those poor kids make up for missing school lessons.
Apart from material help and free education, the charity also pays attention to children’s mental health. It offers free psychological comfort to lonely homeless kids and trains local young people to be community volunteers. These volunteers patrol city streets regularly to look for wandering kids. Up to now, over 3,000 homeless children have received all kinds of help. Its workers always hold the view that small kindness from ordinary people can light up poor children’s whole future.
56．When was the charity Kids Home set up
57．Where does Kids Home come from
58．What do kids get in the charity’s shelters
59．Who receive free lessons from volunteer teachers
60．Where do volunteers look for homeless children
六、短文填空（共 10空；每空1分，计10分）
阅读下面短文并填空，然后将答案写到答题卡的相应位置 (如有提示词，则填入提示词的正确形式；如无提示词，则填入1个适当的单词)。
I have read a book named The Old Man and the Sea. The book was written by a world-famous writer Ernest Miller Hemingway. It 61 (make) a big difference to my life since I read it. Now I always look on the bright side of life whatever 62 (difficulty) I meet.
The book is about 63 old fisherman’s hard life. He 64 (spend) many days on the sea trying to catch a fish, but his hard work turned out to be 65 (use). Day after day, he came back home with nothing in his hands. But he always wore a smile on his face. Finally, on the 85th day, a huge fish turned up and a fight began. The old man finally won the fight against it. However, 66 his way home, several sharks hit the 67 (man) boat and ate the fish. Few people could accept such a bad situation, but the old man never gave up. The old man 68 (think) he could still go back home 69 (safe). After all, life could be full of ups and downs at times.
I really like the old man. He never gave up. He loved everything in his life, good or bad. Some people only focus on his empty hands and regard him as a loser. 70 , he is a true hero in my heart. There are so many things that we can learn from him.
七、书面表达（计30分）
A.句子翻译（共5 小题；每小题2分，计10分）
将下列句子译成英语，并将所译句子写在横线上。
71．当涉及到交朋友时，信守诺言对你来说是很重要的。
___________________________________________________
72．你可以将这条规则当成是保障所有人安全的一种方式。 (think of…as)
___________________________________________________
73．她打算在夏令营开始之前完成她的训练。(aim to do)
___________________________________________________
74．中国人喜欢围坐成一圈吃饭，因为这样方便交流。
___________________________________________________
75．尽管你们吵架，但是你们仍然是亲密的朋友。
___________________________________________________
B.写作（计20分）
76．假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom下个月要来宿迁旅游。请你根据以下提示，给他写一封电子邮件，向他介绍宿迁的一些情况。
提示：
1. 宿迁位于江苏省北部，是一座美丽的城市，以湿地和自然风光闻名；
2. 有许多值得参观的地方，如洪泽湖湿地、项王故里等；
3. 宿迁人友好善良，有很多美食；
4. 邀请他来你家做客。
要求：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 要点齐全，可适当发挥；
3. 文中不得出现真实的人名和校名。
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
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参考答案及试题解析
1．C
【解析】句意：徒步旅行者在路上做了许多标记，以防他们在山里迷路。
so that以便；as for至于；in case以防；even though虽然。根据语境，做标记是为了预防迷路这一不利情况发生，应用in case。
2．A
【解析】句意：把废水倒进河里是不好的。它会污染它。
into进入……里面；onto到……上面；out外面；over在……上方。根据“pour waste water…the river”及后句“It will pollute it”可知，是把废水倒入河流内部，固定搭配pour…into…意为“把……倒入……里”。
3．A
【解析】句意：我发现这本书对中学生来说读起来足够容易。几乎没有生词。
easy容易的，形容词；easily容易地，副词。此处是“find sth.+adj.”结构，形容词作宾补，故用形容词easy，排除B和C；enough修饰形容词时需后置，结构为“形容词+enough”，排除D。
4．A
【解析】句意：——王先生还在办公室吗？——不，他离开办公室大约一个小时了，但是他还没有离开这座城市。他刚去了会议室。
hasn’t left没有离开，强调动作；hasn’t gone to没去；hasn’t been to没有去过；hasn’t been away from没有远离，表状态。根据后句“He just went to the meeting room.”可知他只是去了会议室，人还在附近，并没有离开这座城市。leave表示离开，符合语境；yet常用于现在完成时否定句末。
5．B
【解析】句意：这个组织努力工作来帮助世界各地的穷人。
interviewer采访者；organization组织；darkness黑暗；virus病毒。根据“help poor people around the world”可知，能够致力帮助全球穷人的通常是慈善机构或组织，采访者、黑暗和病毒均不符合语境。
6．A
【解析】句意：暴雨可能会极大地影响我们的日常生活。
greatly极大地；nearly几乎；quietly安静地；luckily幸运地。根据“The heavy rain”和“influence our daily life a lot”可知，此处强调暴雨对生活的影响程度很大，应填 greatly。
7．A
【解析】句意：他在公共场合从别人身边挤过去是粗心的。
of + sb.形容词形容人的人品、性格（clever, careless, kind, foolish, polite），用人自身特质；for + sb.形容词只修饰这件事难易 / 好坏（easy, hard, important, necessary, difficult），不形容人。careless用来描述人的性格品质，介词用of；第二个空用不定式to do作真正主语。故选A。
8．B
【解析】句意：我的老师经常告诉我，善良使世界变得更温暖。
根据“My teacher often tells me”可知，主句是一般现在时，宾语从句陈述客观事实，也用一般现在时，主语kindness是不可数名词，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式makes。
9．D
【解析】句意：当你饭后将要离开时，记得对主人说“谢谢”。
are sorry to抱歉做……；are able to能够；have to不得不；are about to正要、即将。此处指当你“即将”离开的时候，要记得道谢，应填are about to。
10．B
【解析】句意：——政府已经阻止人们在林区砍伐树木。——是的，违反规定的人将会被罚款。
allowed允许；punished惩罚；stopped阻止；fined处以罚款；prevented阻止；helped帮助；refused拒绝；taught教导。固定搭配stop/prevent sb from doing sth表示阻止某人做某事；结合语境，违规人员会被罚款，第二空填fined，故选B。
11．C
【解析】句意：——出国旅行遵守当地习俗很有必要。——没错，常言道“入乡随俗”。
No pain, no gain一分耕耘一分收获；Practice makes perfect熟能生巧；When in Rome, do as the Romans do入乡随俗；Many hands make light work众人拾柴火焰高。根据“follow local customs when we go abroad”可知，强调遵守当地风俗，应填When in Rome, do as the Romans do。
12．B
【解析】句意：——去自然公园的旅行真的很棒，值得一去！——你说对了！我下次还想再去那里。
I doubt it我对此怀疑；You said it!说得没错，表示赞同；Not at all.不客气 / 一点也不；Take it easy放轻松。后文“I want to go there again next time”说明赞同对方夸赞旅途美好的观点，B项符合。
13．B
【解析】句意：开幕式直到所有运动员到达并就座后才开始。
unless除非；until直到……为止；when当……时候；though虽然。根据句中“didn’t begin”可知，此处考查“not...until...”（直到……才……）的固定搭配，强调动作直到某一时刻才发生。应填until。
14．D
【解析】句意：我们学校通常下午4点放学，然后我们有很多课后活动。
根据“usually”可知用一般现在时，主语“Our school”表示“学校放学”，应用主动语态，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式finishes。应填finishes。
15．B
【解析】句意：如果我们什么措施都不采取，太湖的水质将会受到塑料垃圾的严重影响。
affect影响；recycle回收。根据if引导的条件状语从句“主将从现”规则，主句用一般将来时；主语water quality和affect是被动关系，要用一般将来时被动语态will be affected，故选B。
16．B 17．C 18．D 19．C 20．A 21．C 22．C 23．C 24．A 25．D 26．C 27．A 28．D 29．C 30．A
【导语】本文介绍了中国许多名胜古迹，重点描述了长城和长江，还提及了西湖以及相关的文化故事，展现了中国美丽景色对游客的吸引力。
【解析】16．句意：中国有许多名胜古迹。
“places of interest”是固定短语，意为“名胜古迹”，所以此处应选interest，interesting“有趣的”，常用来修饰物；interested“感兴趣的”，常用来修饰人；interests是interest的复数形式，不符合此处语境。
17．句意：其中最著名的是长城。
根据“among them”可知，此处是在三者及以上的比较，要用最高级形式，“the most famous”表示“最著名的”，famous“著名的”，是原级；more famous“更著名的”，是比较级；popular“受欢迎的”，不符合此处比较的语境。
18．句意：它有两千多年的历史。
根据“over two thousand years”可知，这里说的是长城的历史，“history”表示“历史”，city“城市”；population“人口”；capital“首都”，均不符合语境。
19．句意：它大约有6300公里长。
根据常识可知，长城的长度用“long”来描述，wide“宽的”；tall“高的”；big“大的”，均不能准确描述长城的这一特征。
20．句意：除了长城，许多河流，如长江和黄河，也非常受欢迎。
根据“as well”以及前文提到长城吸引很多游客，可知这里说长江和黄河也很受游客欢迎，“popular”表示“受欢迎的”，strange“奇怪的”；dirty“脏的”；funny“有趣的”，均不符合语境。
21．句意：在众多河流中，长江是中国最长的河流。
根据“in China”可知，是在中国范围内比较，要用最高级形式，且根据常识可知长江是中国最长的河流，“the longest”表示“最长的”，longer“更长的”，是比较级；short“短的”；the shortest“最短的”，均不符合语境。
22．句意：在世界上，它是继非洲的尼罗河和南美洲的亚马逊河之后的第三大河。
根据“after the Nile in Africa and the Amazon in South America”可知，长江是世界第三大河，“third”表示“第三”，first“第一”；second“第二”；fourth“第四”，均不符合语境。
23．句意：作为中国最大的水系，长江对中国非常重要。
根据“As the largest water system in China”可知，长江对中国很重要，“important”表示“重要的”，exciting“令人兴奋的”；interesting“有趣的”；beautiful“美丽的”，均不能体现长江对中国的重要意义。
24．句意：你听说过许仙和白蛇的古老爱情故事吗？
根据“Xu Xian and White Snake”可知，这是一个古老的爱情故事，“ancient”表示“古老的”，terrible“可怕的”；boring“无聊的”；modern“现代的”，均不符合故事的特点。
25．句意：据说这个故事很久以前发生在西湖。
根据“on the West Lake a long time ago”可知，故事是发生在西湖，“happened”表示“发生”，caused“引起”；reminded“提醒”；continued“继续”，均不符合语境。
26．句意：西湖是我参观过的最奇妙的地方。
根据“have ever”可知，此处是现在完成时，其结构是“have/has + 过去分词”，“visited”是“visit”的过去分词，visit“参观”，原形；visiting“参观”，现在分词；visits“参观”，第三人称单数形式，均不符合现在完成时的结构。
27．句意：它位于杭州的西南部。
根据“in the southwest of Hangzhou”可知，此处说的是西湖的位置，“lies”表示“位于”，walks“走”；swims“游泳”；runs“跑”，均不符合描述位置的语境。
28．句意：杭州的许多旅游景点都值得一游，如苏堤春晓、断桥和雷峰塔。
根据“Many tourist attractions in Hangzhou”可知，旅游景点值得去参观，“visiting”是“visit”的动名词形式，“be worth doing sth.”表示“值得做某事”，reading“阅读”；looking“看”；watching“观看”，均不符合参观旅游景点的语境。
29．句意：风景如此迷人，以至于游客常常陶醉其中。
“so...that...”是固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，what“什么”；where“哪里”；when“什么时候”，均不符合此句型结构。
30．句意：现在越来越多的外国游客选择来中国旅游，欣赏美丽的风景。
根据“to travel in China for its beautiful scenery”可知，外国游客选择来中国旅游，“choose”表示“选择”，compete“竞争”；continue“继续”；volunteer“自愿做”，均不符合语境。
31．B 32．B 33．A 34．D 35．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了大堡礁的位置、规模、生态价值，分析了全球变暖对其造成的威胁，并呼吁人们采取行动保护珊瑚礁这一自然奇观。
【解析】31．第二段描述大堡礁时，使用了“more than 2,300 kilometres long”，“almost 3,000 different coral reefs”，“400 kinds of coral animals and over 2,000 kinds of fish”等数据，通过列举数字的方式介绍珊瑚礁系统。
32．第三段说明了珊瑚礁受破坏的过程：原文提到“Rising ocean temperatures cause coral to run out of the algae. The algae... are the main food for the coral. Without them, the corals... are slowly dying”。过程顺序为：④首先海洋温度上升，①导致珊瑚失去海藻，②而海藻是珊瑚的主要食物，因此珊瑚失去食物来源，③最终珊瑚逐渐死亡，故正确顺序为④①②③。
33．第四段提到“humans depend on coral reef systems for food”，说明珊瑚礁系统为人类提供食物。
34．第四段明确指出“the death of the world’s largest coral reef system would be bad for the planet”，说明大堡礁的死亡会对地球产生不良影响。
35．文章结尾提到“There is so much we can do to help stop the global warming and protect nature’s wonders like coral reefs”，作者写作目的是呼吁人们采取更多行动保护珊瑚礁。
36．A 37．C 38．D 39．B 40．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，整体围绕慈善展开，先介绍慈善的含义与形式，依次介绍红十字会、联合国儿童基金会、中国慈善总会与希望工程等知名慈善组织的成立时间、帮扶对象及主要工作，最后说明普通人参与慈善的多种途径，点明微小善举也能带来巨大改变。
【解析】36．第二段“It was founded in 1863 and works in almost every country.”可知，红十字会成立于1863年。
37．第三段“It was set up in 1946 to help children in need.”可知，UNICEF主要是为了帮助有需要的儿童。
38．第四段“Project Hope was started in 1989 to help children in poor areas go to school.”可知，希望工程旨在帮助贫困地区的儿童上学。
39．最后一段“We can donate money, give away old clothes or books...”可知，donate与give away（赠送）语境相似，指无偿给予，即“捐赠”。
40．第四段“It has built thousands of schools”可知希望工程在中国建了许多学校。
41．A 42．B 43．A 44．B 45．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了医学院毕业生李梅放弃城市高薪工作，选择到偏远山村做志愿医生的感人故事。
【解析】41．第一段提到“most of her classmates hunted for well-paid jobs in large city hospitals... Li made an unexpected decision to work as a volunteer doctor in a remote mountain village”，因此同学们惊讶是因为她放弃了高薪城市工作。
42．第二段提到“whenever villagers got sick, they had to spend more than three hours walking along rough mountain roads to reach the nearest town hospital”，说明过去村民就医需要花费很长时间。
43．第三段提到“some elderly villagers doubted her professional ability because of her young age”，因此一些老年村民一开始不信任她是因为担心她年轻而医疗能力不足。
44．第四段提到“A small standard clinic was built... where most common illnesses can be examined and treated on site”，因此现在普通疾病可以在村内就诊治疗。
45．通读全文，李梅通过坚持和善良改善了村庄的医疗条件，说明坚持和善良可以改变人们的生活。
46．to achieve
【解析】句意：他们实现目标的勇气至今已影响了全世界许多人。固定搭配courage to do sth.意为“做某事的勇气”，因此不定式to achieve作后置定语修饰courage。
47．competition
【解析】句意：我们帮助组织了一场小而有意义的社区儿童比赛。空格前有不定冠词a和形容词修饰，需要填入单数可数名词作动词organize的宾语。 所给词compete是动词，意为“竞争、参赛”，它的名词形式competition表示“比赛、竞赛”，符合句意。
48．discussion
【解析】句意：我们每周进行一次关于如何使用学习软件的讨论。空前的“weekly”为形容词，意为“每周的”，修饰名词，因此空处需用名词，再结合“a”可知，需用名词单数形式，discuss的名词形式是discussion。
49．punished
【解析】句意：在无锡公园乱扔垃圾的人也将按照当地规定受到处罚。句中will be提示本句使用一般将来时的被动语态，主语those与动词punish为被动关系，需要使用过去分词形式，punish的过去分词为punished，故填punished。
50．separating
【解析】句意：通过分类厨余垃圾，我们能制作优质堆肥，用于花园和公园。根据句意和提示词可知，by doing somethinf意为“通过做某事”，by后接动名词形式。故填separating。
51．services
【解析】句意：政府旨在改善公共服务，尤其是教育。空格前“public”是形容词，后接名词，结合中文提示，表达“服务”的名词是service，此处要用其复数形式services表泛指。故填services。
52．absent
【解析】句意：李明上次志愿工作缺席了，因为他奶奶生病了。根据中文提示“缺席”，应填形容词absent，构成be absent from短语。
53．cheat
【解析】句意：你觉得为了占座而欺骗别人是不是很自私？本句是find it +形容词+to do sth（发现做某事是……的）结构，不定式符号to后需要用动词原形。“欺骗”的对应单词是cheat，填原形即可。
54．
medical
【解析】句意：轻柔的音乐可以帮你放松，并且被广泛应用在医疗领域。空格后是名词field，需要形容词作定语，根据中文提示“医疗的”，对应形容词medical。
55．wisely
【解析】句意：自然资源并非取之不尽。我们必须在它们耗尽之前明智地使用它们。wisely“明智地”，修饰动词use。
56．In 1999. 57．It comes from the UK. 58．Free healthy meals and tidy sleeping rooms. 59．Homeless children. 60．On city streets.
【导语】本文主要介绍了一个名为Kids Home 的英国慈善机构，它通过接受普通人的小额捐赠，为流浪儿童提供食宿、教育及心理健康等全方位的帮助。
【解析】56．第一段提到“A UK-based charity named Kids Home was founded in 1999”，说明该慈善机构成立于1999年。答案是原文直接信息。
57．第一段提到“A UK-based charity named Kids Home”，说明Kids Home是英国的慈善机构，来自英国。答案是原文直接信息。
58．第三段提到“In these shelters, homeless children can get free healthy meals and tidy sleeping rooms every single day”，说明孩子在收容所能获得免费餐食和整洁住宿。答案是原文直接信息。
59．第三段提到“college volunteers come here on weekdays to provide free after-school classes for them, helping those poor kids make up for missing school lessons”，说明免费课程的授课对象是无家可归的孩子。答案是原文直接信息。
60．第四段提到“These volunteers patrol city streets regularly to look for wandering kids”，说明志愿者在城市街道寻找流浪孩子。答案是原文直接信息。
61．has made 62．difficulties 63．an 64．spent 65．useless 66．on 67．man’s 68．thought 69．safely 70．However
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要围绕名著《老人与海》的内容展开，介绍书中老渔夫的坎坷捕鱼经历，借人物精神抒发人生感悟。
【解析】61．句意：自从我读完这本书，它就对我的生活产生了很大影响。make a big difference to…意为“对……产生大的影响”，make是动词，根据“since I read it”可知，句子是现在完成时，其结构是“have/has+过去分词”，主语是第三人称单数，用助动词has；make的过去分词是made。
62．句意：如今无论遇到什么困难，我总能看到生活积极的一面。difficulty作“各种各样困难”讲时，是可数名词，此处用其复数形式表泛指，difficulty的复数形式是difficulties。
63．句意：这本书讲述一位老渔夫的艰辛生活。空后的fisherman“渔夫”是可数名词单数，其前要加冠词，old以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。
64．句意：他在海上耗费数日来捕一条鱼，但他的辛苦劳作结果却是无用的。spend意为“花费”，是动词，短文整体时态是一般过去时，此处用动词的过去式，spend的过去式是spent。
65．句意：他在海上耗费数日来捕一条鱼，但他的辛苦劳作结果却是无用的。use意为“使用”，是动词，be动词后接形容词，根据前文“many days on the sea trying to catch a fish”和“but”，可知此处用形容词useless，意为“无用的”。
66．句意：然而，在他返航途中，几条鲨鱼袭击了老人的船，并吃掉他的鱼。此处考查固定搭配on one’s way home，意为“在某人回家的路上”，此处填介词on。
67．句意：然而，在他返航途中，几条鲨鱼袭击了老人的船，并吃掉他的鱼。man是名词，空后的boat是名词，此处用man的名词所有格修饰名词boat，作定语，man的所有格是man’s。
68．句意：老人认为自己仍旧可以安全地回家。think意为“认为”，是动词，根据上下文时态，句子是一般过去式，动词要用过去式，think的过去式是thought。
69．句意：老人认为自己仍旧可以安全地回家。safe意为“安全的”，是形容词，此处修饰动词短语go back home，要用副词；safe的副词形式是safely。
70．句意：有些人只关注他的空手，认为他是个失败者。然而，在我心中，他是一个真正的英雄。根据前文的“loser”和后文的“hero”之间具有转折关系，空后有逗号，用副词however，表转折，意为“然而”，句首单词的首字母要大写。
71．When it comes to making friends, it is very important for you to keep your promises.
【解析】“当涉及到……”常用“When it comes to...”，“信守诺言”可译为“keep promises”，“对某人来说很重要”用“it is very important for sb. to do sth.”结构。故填When it comes to making friends, it is very important for you to keep your promises.
72．You can think of this rule as a way to keep everyone safe.
【解析】“你可以将这条规则当成是保障所有人安全的一种方式。”译为“You can think of this rule as a way to keep everyone safe.”。“将……当成是”用固定短语think of…as表示；“保障所有人安全的一种方式”译为a way to keep everyone safe；主语是“你”，“可以”用情态动词can，后接动词原形。
73．She aims to finish her training before the summer camp.
【解析】“她打算在夏令营开始之前完成她的训练”译为“She aims to finish her training before the summer camp”。“她”译为she，作主语；“打算做某事”用固定搭配aim to do sth.，句子描述客观情况，用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，aim变为aims；“完成她的训练”译为finish her training；“在夏令营开始之前”译为before the summer camp，作时间状语。
74．Chinese people like to sit in a circle when eating because it’s easy to communicate.
【解析】“中国人喜欢围坐成一圈吃饭，因为这样方便交流。”译为Chinese people like to sit in a circle when eating because it’s easy to communicate.其中“围坐成一圈”用sit in a circle，“方便交流”用it’s easy to communicate。
75．Although you have quarreled, you are still close friends.
【解析】“尽管你们吵架，但是你们仍然是亲密的朋友。”译为“Although you have quarreled, you are still close friends.”。“尽管”为although，首字母大写；“你”you；“吵架”可以用have quarreled表达，表示影响性；“你们仍然是”可以用you are still表示；“亲密的朋友”译为close friends。
76．例文
Dear Tom,
I’m glad you will come to Suqian next month. Let me tell you about my hometown.
Suqian is in the north of Jiangsu. It is a beautiful city famous for its wetlands and natural scenery. You can visit Hongze Lake Wetland and the Former Residence of Xiang Yu. People here are friendly and kind. You can also enjoy delicious local food.
I’d like to invite you to my home. I’m sure you’ll have a great time here. Looking forward to your visit!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：应用文（电子邮件），用一般现在时
明确要点：宿迁的位置（江苏省北部）及城市特点（美丽，以湿地闻名）、值得参观的地方（洪泽湖湿地、项王故里等）、宿迁人的特点（友好善良）及美食、邀请对方来家里做客
确定人称：第一人称（I）和第二人称（you）
注意事项：需包含所有要点，词数80左右，注意书信格式
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构：
开头段：表达对Tom来宿迁的高兴并引出介绍
主体段：介绍宿迁的位置、城市特点、值得参观的地方、当地人和美食
结尾段：邀请对方来家里做客并表达期待
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：宿迁的位置与特点
位置表达：in the north of Jiangsu/in northern Jiangsu Province等
城市特点：a beautiful city famous for its wetlands and natural scenery/known for its beautiful wetlands等
要点二：值得参观的地方
景点一：Hongze Lake Wetland/Hongze Lake Wetland Park等
景点二：the Former Residence of Xiang Yu/Xiang Yu’s former home等
要点三：当地人与美食
当地人特点：friendly and kind/warm-hearted and welcoming等
美食表达：enjoy delicious local food/taste tasty local dishes等
要点四：邀请与期待
邀请表达：I’d like to invite you to my home/You are welcome to stay at my home等
祝愿表达：I’m sure you’ll have a great time here/I believe you will enjoy your stay等
期待表达：Looking forward to your visit/I can’t wait to see you等
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)

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